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ɲʦ
ߣ°
İ
񴩵˹Ŵ-
һ֢Ĳڻң˶ԣǸпõ
ԭһ-
ΪȰ¹ҶǺǣֻҶԶԶģŲ
ƫƫҶɽѡһ
·-
ҶĿ룺롭
񣺣㲻롣
ԥƿɹסס
-
Ҷɤƣ񣬰ҡ
񣺣ҲҰ
ְӽ̶ٴαסס
ٺһ-
ҶۺᣬȻ
񣺣
ˣײҪҲա
1ǹʮ
2ıСףС
3ȫ鹹˽е
4Ĳ֪лл
󣺸л֧֣תȦȦ~
ݱǩ ת  Ů 
ؼʣǣҶ  ǣöѽ  
һ仰飺ɲʦ-
⣺ȰļŬȥ
/̵㽱
2023
̵Ʒ
(/̵ѡƷô˽)


1 
Ϫɽ죬ɽ޵ϡ
վԣ̨ϵĳѵ
ϪڵĳҶǸĿӣȲŭ
ճأɽգһͬУӡ
ҶϿеǴ˿վߵİŮӡ
ŮҶҶϵŮҲصŮͬʱϪڵ
ڵԣ鼤׷ڴԼѡУ·ɽҫ¡
ŮǣȻӣͬΪŮӣӦøױѡС
֮Уȴһɫ۵׺ڴ
ĬĬ˸ۣӣѾߣûȤ
Ҫǡ
κΪ飬ΨܿҶΪҶ˵Σա
Σա
۷΢ҶǵעĿİɫӰ
ʵϣִ
Ϊ²ۣбС˵ڻҸͬͬգԼڲģһʱͽѵⱾС˵˿
û뵽黹û꣬ͱƽ̨ˡ
۾ʹⱾſһ룬ûôϸС˵ˡ
ѵʧˣ
βҪҪôӡ
ϸҶԺжŮ˵
òʦ㣬µʮͽᵤţǱһİ¹⣬ϧһİ¹⡣
ԼǸƪΪҶСڻҡ
Ȱ¹ø硣
̨ϣҶڵһɨһ̨£״طԸͽɡ
ڵĻһ㶡
ôǽ񣿡
ƾʲô
޵һȻûϵ䵽ϣЩɺͲġ
㶣ܱܲôⰡ
ŸմҲִ֪Լǲ̨ϣһȥʬզ
ֻ߸زȥ˵Ǹ¶ִûɶģĸ磬˭ء
볤ģ޲ԼǸǧˡ
̨µĵƬ̣ЩĿʦģ״ӡ
չض꣬Ҷϴ񣬴ʱУڵλܷԴϾģҶλϯˡ
ȭԸ˿ڣϣǲŰŵµӣδΪǻΪס
һͬڹ棺ڵӲڲõɽΪڲԱ߽֮ߣƴļҲܴ󣬷Ҫ˽飬һ̶ϱµӹ䡣
һ⣬ǾͬнڻΪģڹͿˡ
£ҶǽڣһڵĵɽҲǿԵġ
ҶüĿ΢һԵŮΪأ
Ҷԣҡͷ޷
˷ɽΪͬΪߵͲҪǰԣи˸ߣԷԸһЩ֮±ɡ
ˣҶ۵ȴһ˿⣬ΪڵӵЩԾĪǵѡеµʲôΣûô򵥣
ܿ죬֪ԭ
ΪҶѡеǰ̧ͷ
Ůü۾£ˣɫڲ԰Щһ˫Ҳ͸Щƣ̬ĵ˸
ۣôʲôʲôλǲôأѡ˭ãƫѡ
㶼ء
һϣ֢Ϊ΢ʵѵΡ
֢Լϲãɽɫʱ
ҶɿҶϣĿ¶ѯʣȻ֢ΪܰţΪλѡ
û⣬õָ˸ˣϾ˷ɽΪǼ¡
ҶϳüһʱδûϵоȻ˻ľ
ĿϣϪڵĴʦ֣ĴӰ
ļҶϲ㲻ؽ͵֪˴µӵĹǣɣȻ֢ȴǵ
ΪߵҪҪζԽ˵츳Խߣ
ԣҲȥµĵӻѽ
ΪθҶҶϵѹվԣȻΪҶ
ҶѾͻƵڣϪڼᵤˣ츳֮ߣǸɫˣΪ
Ϫڵӣ˭һɽĽǿ˵ıԣΪ֮
ΪĴӣҲ⣬鳤Ҷ꣬ڻͣڣһֱûܽᵤ
˽ϣҶǸԼһʲôͻأһ;ܽԵ
Ҷüʵָ֤
Ҷڿ˿ڣŮǵȴһ飬ô˵ɣһ©һٶҲ޷ۣҲ޷ûΪŮ洡
ζ츳׿ΪһڳϣԻעҲ˷ֽ졣
֪޲
Ҷ˵꣬ڵӿⶼһ˿ԭΪֻӹû뵽У죬Ǹķ
ͷĬ˵ߡ
ʱԭոհϪڵǼ죬ΧʶҪԼˡ
ϾһվӾԼЩǿλöһģһ
Ϫڴһ£ȷԼǴǱһС˵
ǸƪûǰµĲСڻңΪ¹⵲СǸ춯أӽˮ
ҶҶϵĻһµˣ˰ɡ
ǷѡӣģΪǰûи֪һ
Ҷϳ˼Ƭ̣ЦýѵõĵɽʲôԵȻ飬ǩ⡣
˵գ۸̨µһӣʾ⡣
ܿͰѿֵһͭУϸ̨
̨£ǵĿⲻɽ׷Ҷ֣Ρ
Ҷͭһƣڿֺ΢١


2 
Ҷ۵һ˿ײȻ״ɻ˺ˣ
ҶƣҶϣ۵׻ް
˴ɣҪ֪ϪСҲнǧӡ
ҶϵؿŮ۳鵽˭⡣
ڵӲֱҶƳǡ
ֺ޵һĬҲ̫ˡ
񣺡
أôƫƫ϶Ļ
϶ĻûĻֵд
鲻ôѡҪҶһɽû취ƪǰɡ
һΣ㵱ȥסԼڵ̫ˣ񲻳
Ҷϼ״ĳˣǱһɽ°ɡ
ҶѾöҶϣ򴽣û˵˾ٵǺ⡣
̨£ؿҶϣʶȤĲٿʲô⣬Ǻǡ
ڵȻвҲ޿κΣϾʦֺĬˣͷ»˽ϡ
һʱ䣬ǿŽӣĽ֮֮߷⸴ӡ
Ѷĵ׳̾ڵ뿪
ɽԭСڻɥʱϣܻصִܲʵҲŶСɣǾˡ
һߵ޵ϡ
ɢȥ֮ҶĬĬҶ
ŮһصϵҶϲŻعЦʵΪΰŽͬС
óԸҶܺá
Ҷô飬߶ǽΪͭÿһϣǽ֣ⲻΥϪڵ졣
û뵽һڳϻô򵥵İϷ˸ȥͭеơ
һĵϵľǡһ飬ֱĶ͡
ҶɵԲŸ˹һԵɡ
ҲɵûٳԷԣܲˣ֪Լʲô
鱾޿ɸġ
ҶڵǰûԼɻ󣬵ͷŮȷʵס
Ҷѹ˷ɽ˻һԽ֪Խãѡ˭ҲֻǸ˲ˮȵ£ע޷䵢ȥ
Ҷ⻰ûб˵ɻˣԽ֪ԽãŮһǰȥɣһ١
ģõƺǸµӽйء
ҶϼԾ׷ʣüϪûźôУƽЦѶĪҪԡ
ó׵ˡ
Ҷ˴ǡ
ǵϵˮ츳˱ΪŮֹΪϪڿ˵һ֮֮ϡ
ǰĵ֮⣬顣
ҶϲͣҶʹлҲֻҰ¡
Ȼûջ񣬻µӽϻͻƿڡ
ͷճʱҶԽĹעͶһЩ
ˬɽжżöǸʺϳеĺӡ
Ȼһ£˵ǳէ
˵ٴԭһ·϶ܰԹԵظҶû˵
ϪڵɽţǰҶͣ½ŲҲͣ¡
ţԭء
ֻҶƾճһѳ̧̤ڽϣն
һ˫۾ɴ󣬻л㱡
һ޵ѧϰʲôȻʲôûܵˡ
˿̣ۼӾһģһĳǰ׼סˡ
Žͷɵ˰Уֱ˺
ûжҶĿ¶ʦã
ôˣ
عŰеҶɵۡ
զ
֮ǰѧôѽ봢ʱ򣬽һŽȥòˣϪڷǰµ彣ƾʧˡ
˽̹ĵӣ˼ҵĴɶʧѹûиһġ
Ÿմ֪ʲô鶼ţڻû彣ʧôһ£ûһѣˡ
δС
һᣬֻʵʵ˵ȷʵǷɲ
Ҷֱӻˣ˵ܶ졣
ҶԴֱۣӷųʶȥ̽Ϊһ
λʦúֹûڶûﵽܽԾǻδ壬һΪûУûκβ
Ҳ̫ˣ޷ҲڵΪ
˵ͨʮұ壬Ϊߡ
һ츳˵ĵӣӦñͨӵٶȸǣΪڣǺ׵¡
һ¾Ȼδ壬Ǻε޶ۣ
֮һĳĬ
ֱӰãɶûѧᣬʲôʲôܲȥ
Ǳµֲᶼ췭ˣûһջզֲܲܰ˰ɡ
ǰֲˣҲɰ
ĵ׷˸ۣͲҶˣϻ
˵ʵ˿̵Ҷһ֮߸ɴȥһͬУΪ¶ɫ޷ʦһǡ
䣬Ҷŵ͸߶ȣŵ棬ڽǰ
񣺡ллҲôƽ⡣
ûжҶ۵¶һĨɻ󣺡ʦΪβ
µӲ޶ۣ񻹺ϲ
ŵϵĳĵһȥˤզ
ʦδɣȾø磬񲻿ˡ
Ҷƽɾ˼ӣ˲Ծؽš
ҧҧŵӲȵ˽ϣȥˡ
дСڻɽ;ΪҶܲǰˤɣƴˡ
ҶϽתȥٴɿա
˲ʧصĸоýʧɫխխĽôõƽ
֮£һʶܵķӦ
ðˡ
ڿ˵һ˲䣬§סҶһֱ˵һζ
һǰһһ𣬲յĳʱҡҡλΣһ棬ͬھļơ
۾˫۽סҶ
ʱҪðһʲô


3 
Ҷֻǳʱһ£㼰ʱסΡ
˫ȴֽ˽ɵ΢֮⣬δ֫Ӵ
ףˡ
Ҷ򴽣뵽˺Ϊ֢ûг֣ݵ³֣վȡ
᲻ص֣һİ
һЩŬӵƽȣѹסθķ
˸ģִγҲˣ羹Ȼνòˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãߵķСˣϵҲˡ
Ǹоһ㣬µĸоҲˣѵҶˣ
Ȼô²ţǲóȻۡ
ֹһһỽ
ʦã
۾Ӧڡ
һ̾оԼֱ¡
ʦãְɡ
۾ҡͷɣϣȥˤǣ
Ҷһ˿޿κΣʦãѾڵˡ
˶Сĸһ£ףûзҲûзеĸо
΢΢۾ȷʵڵϣʱһڳҲɿ
ðˡ
Ҷδϣһ˿ӣʦã֪ǴҪȥ
һͷȥ˻
ⱾС˵ֻԿһ룬´¶Χչģǰڷ˻鱻֮󣬺ϮһѺ֪óɴ
ǸӵϷݵڻңҶǸ˻¹⡣
ʦ֪
֪
һ鷴ӦæĿڣˣڲӦ֪
Ҷɫ˼Ϸȥɽ
װ죺ɽȥ𣿡
˼繲ͳţںڡ
Ϫںͽڶλ֮Уһڣʵ֮ס
Ҷδ֮ڣǽĶӡ
Ϊ˲ڵĹϪںͽǰ˺ͼְ֮״ѹȥ
˭ϣ֮츳˵ĵҲһֱ޷
ʱˣҶԽ㣬ͳĵ֮Խƽӹ
ҶȻͶΪûгŮˣ֮Ϫڻˡ
ϾҶǽڣޣ츳֮ߣһûķ
лȨҲ֮ܰλһ֮ڣϪ˵ŻȻûдڵıҪˡ
ҶԶǣҲǡ
Ϫʱڻ飬һֿȴʡ
ҶԳ˽֮ڣ˵ϣŻ²δʶȤҲ׷Ųš
Ҷԥġ
ʹֻ֮ûʲô飬˾ٶΥ塣
꣬Ȼôһ£ԭҶȷǳɹ˻飬ҲΪ˸
˵ȻҶҲԼĹһ¹˻飬ʹӦˣ̰ͼϪڵĺô
ǵĻǳµģ˻Ҳ֮ȡᣬȻӦ˻飬ҶѰ㽫ԼһԵ
ȴɱ֮Ϊĵһֱ߸߹ŵǵ¹⡣
뵽⣬ʱѣ¹ɣһСڻϹʲôȻǰ档
ڻŲҶĲ
ǻ𣿡
Ѱ˼һʳԼĵ⣬νγһ޿
ؼڻûγҩУҲ֪γҩܲá
ٷɣԼ¡
Ž԰׵ɫҶĵһ̾˴뽶ɽԶ
ʱģͺá
´һҲ֪ĸɽӰӲһУ֯}˵ġ
ֲܾԤУǸԼͬͬյСڻʲôʱɥţ
ڿƪҶȥ˻·ϡ
Сܻܲûɽ˰ɡ
ܿ죬ᵽʲôкõĲ黵顣
Ϊأһ͸մϢسҶĺ󱳴ȥ
Сġһ䣬Ծض㵽ĵһˡ
ͬʱߺһŮӵƣʲôҶ
ǰҶѣѾ
ʲôˣ
ͣڰеҶľѡ
Ȼ޲ֻһܣǾ˵Ϊ֮ϡ
ʱĽҪľΪǵͻȻԺе
ҶӣӦûʲô˵ѵѽ
̽Ӧ˭Ϊʲôҵ
ǵ̻Ӧӽˮˣ˵ҼװɱҶȡ𣿡
񣺣
ѽȻ
ʲôҶֲ˵ֱɱԼˣôӸ
УһضţƬ̺ǰе·˽˵ʲôɱԼİʾȻת򣬳Žȥ
ܣͬʱĵ״ͣ£ɱңͣ£
һ٣ͣǰֲˡ
µطѽӲôʹ˻
ǵطӲŲʹ㾹Ȼ˵˻
ƣ
ڽ
Ƚϸ룬ǰѽִƣô찡ҵɱҶֱɱ㰡
룬жϳѽԭСڻӦʲôԨԴæߣʱ˵
ɱɱˣҲɱԼ
ǣеܵʲôٻһ㣬תգ۾ʧȥټ
Ҷȥ٣ߵǰĿ¶ӡ
ʦãǰѽʲô
ǰѽϪµ彣ոһһ˶Σƺڽ
ʶҡͷҲ֪
Ĳ֪ôĪðһѽƣ˵ʲôɱʲôʲô
ѵԼСڻһؾ飿
ûһΰ
ҶԣĿŽ񣺡ʦã彣أ


4 
ʱУԲʮֻҶͽˡ
Ҷı常ģˮศɡ
ǰѽϪµ彣ѲǰλƲʦá
һ¹ڻ
ֱӰԼ彣֤ףĽû˰һŽƾʧˡ
ƹˤˡ
Ҷ΢΢뿪˵ذɡ
ոǰѽϢȥ٣ҪôǱٿ֮˵ΪԶʤҪôǰѽѾʶ
ɽһΪҲûУǰѽϪͨµ彣Ǿ죬Ҳʶ
ǾֻʣһֿܣԪڽ棬Ϊ֮ϡ
Ҷ˼תȴԣִҪѡͬУǷǰѽйأ
ҲЩĲɣָ
ǰѽĻ˵ɾˣ
Сڻҵʲôؾ飬ǰ벿С˵ˣȫǵһ簡
֣߳·ˣѾ˽ڵĵؽ硣
Ҷһҿջͣ£ҪϷϢһϽɽ
Ȼû
⣬ħ
ȻǷˣǷɢ½ĸ䣬Ϊӻ
ڷУλܸߣΪˡ
ղţסʱ򣬱ûлκǮƣ˼֮ҲϰΪʲô⡣
Ҷջƹ
ȴ֪ЩƲ۵Ϊȴ𽥳ߺͷ֮ìܣҵķҲǷ˲һֱϣħͼĹ
Ͼûϲ¡
üģҶ
ҶʵʦãлҪ˵
ҡҡͷЪϢҪȥˡ
׻û˵ʲôЩѸٹ̣δܻǰ£ҶҲǸİ¹⣬αѰա
Ҷһͷ۵װһ˿̽ǰѽµ֮ȻĳԨԴ
ߣһžͿڷǰѽ㾪г
ƣ˵˵ôģ
һ״ƻػζһӣֱӱߵϣЩ죬ЩЦ
Ӷ棺ҵ彣
ҲҶɣԼڶˡ
ûڣҲˣֱӻΡ
ԭϵĽգ۱һʮĺŮòΣü۾£ɡ
ŮؿŽ񣺡ƣˮˣҲŲ彣
ֻǰǰڽϲ˽ƣֹԼй¶ʱڽ彣ϡ
ץӺˮǿ׳򶨡
Ǵ𣿲С˵ʲôħõڶС
侲һº󣬽񲻶ɫǰĵԴܶ鶼ǲˣ˵˵ʲôϵ
Ů꣬ɫһ㲻ǵˣõСֲЩ㶼ûдңԭӻˡ
񣺡ӲŻˡ
ĬĬţСŮ˱ˮ˵˵žˡ
С
ö֣ĺ֪֮һûǴĻСֻβɣҲ˵ǰλŮֻ
β֣˻̼
ٴ̼
СûйǺǹǱϪΪ˲׵䣬ŶﶼɾĹƳ档
Ƴ棿
ɫЩѣ棡
ﶼǳ棿
ҲҲֻɣ
ôţ̲סʳ˿ڣҲ̫̼ˣֱӴ̼ͷ˺
Сҡҡͷûÿ㻯Σ㶼⣬Ҳֻ棬ŲԸ⻯θǿ
˵ͨ
񣺣
Ϣеֻ棿
棡뵽ֶһЩ󣬽ˡ
ԭΪСڻҾ͹ˣû뵽иģǾǴһ棡
ԣȷԼ壬Ųʲô档
ҲԣǾˣӦȡԭнɫ趨пһ桭
ɫ任ͣŬԼ侲Ǵɱôһ£ΪʲôҪҶȡΣ
Сһݵ˵õģϪھһȡҶΣɽһɱΪʲôҪӽҲһ㶼벻ˣǽô찡
ҲλŮǣλСĻ
ֻ棬ʧٵĳԲŰϪڣ֪ΪʲôȡҶΣʲô߰ġ
ԭУСڻҲһɽҶ
СڻԼΪ֮ӦòŶԣǳʲôλСһʧأֱӰСڻˣ
ԺȻûСڻҵľˡ
ͺףٳһ
Сɫѿĵʵ㶼ǵǰˣǲȻطɽɣҼǰһ¡
Сһ⻰ԥѿھܾҴ֣
뵽ԼܻȥһȺΧĵط˲˶ˡ
֮δ֮£ðա
뵽⣬СʵС֪֪ҵô£ܾЩ
Ϊ㱻ӡΪȻͱЩ߲ˣˣԲ֮ҹóҩˡС˵ţóһöɫҩ衣
һҩ裬裺ʲôҩԲ֮ҹʲô˼
ôԽԽԺԣ
ѲԲ֮ҹ˱
ССӻĻĽ͵ȻӡΪ˺ܶ࣬һԲ֮ҹǻᷢԼıܣǰ˵Ҫڷǰҩѹס
ʲô˼ǰ˭Ƚӹöҩպãʡ
ҩĽˮ˲Żԡ
СĿ¶ãҲ֪㷢ʲôǰ϶Ϊãǰޣ˽ǧĴ׼ûǰеæȻҾܻȥˣҲˡ
Сһᵽǰð⣬ɫԺ
ĬĬȲ裬һֻҲѵ֣˿ǧ޷ˣ೶
ֻҪҽ⿪ӡΪͻָˣҲôˣܻˣ


5 
ĵԼʵȻһԱûУǿΪôȥ
һ£Ϊָˣ᲻ҲܵĴ
СͷûֻҪӡΪָܻˡ
ڴǶʲôΪڣԪӤڣ
ⱾΪ׶趨ܼ򵥣---ԪӤ--ڡ
ÿ׶ֳַںͺڣҶǽ𵤳ڡ
ݴ֮ͷϽˣֻǼǧû˭Ժܶ˶Ǻľ䡣
ԭȻǱϪڽӽҶҲǸҶһĽڰɡ
Сڵǽ𵤺ڣҶһ㡣
۷ţȻأأ˵ʲôΪ
С궼ǽˣͽ𲽡
Сͣһ£ڣҲôһ㡣
ӻСΪӣôίһЩ
ǡţڣסʲô
ڶû
Щ£˴ԽŮŮ䣬ǿƪڻҡ
ֻΪµġС
ȷǶأ
ܴģСοһ£Ҳ̫ģ츳˵㣬˵㣬ֻҪ׷ҵġ
²յС꣬лˣûбο
ʲôǰŮֱؽһ䣺ãұˡʹӺ󴰷˳ȥ
ܿ죬
ʦãҶ
һ򿪣Ҷʶ̽һȴʲôû֡
񣬷ȴת˲š
龡ȻʵѰҺ£
ӦԶ˰ɣС˵ģӡΪ߸ֲˣǾûʲôõĵġ
ҶŽ񣬵£ʦһȥڡ
˵գȥ
˵ͷš
ŸչϣҶȻ뵽ʲôƵתյ裬š
ŷ˲Ŷԣ˵һһ
ҶŽյķţٴͷʶֻнһ˵Ϣˡ
жѸ٣ֻΪ͵
Ҷ΢΢üλʦõʲôˣͺñһŨ˿ʲôܡ
֪Ҷһֱ̽òȥһöɫҩ裬ԥ
Сԭһ𣿿
ԭȫûⲿֵľ鰡
ǸԲ֮ҹôһ£ҩܳ
С˵ģԲ֮ҹҩ裬ͻᷢܣʲôأ
Ѳɻһֻ棿
룬ѡȾ䣬ǾòԾٳҲ١
˾ۼӾڽɽ£뽶ɽܽ
һɽȴûɽɽС
ҶӴóһöѶһɼ㣬ʧ
񲻽⣺ǲȥ𣿡
Ҷҡͷʦﾲȱɡ䣬ǰһξ룬վ
˵ˣòҪֱӾȰ̸֮ã̸ףϪͼ֮
ҶԸЩʱı飬Ե˽⣬²ûʲôͼ֮ᰵɱ֮ڰɣʱ벻ҲС
ǲ뿴Ľ
ҶסǣǿʳִѲţά򣬵ɱ˶ᱦɱ޹֮²ټ
ֻҪСģִҲ֤ݣҲ޿κΡ
ܿ죬ɽϷһѶҶǰ
ʱһ
꿴ʮģòʣȴ͸һ˿
ԶԶۣĵ֮ڰɣǰڱϮ
֮ڣҶ΢΢֣йоص֮ڼҶʦ㡣
ʦܲض񡣡Ҷס
ʱֻʮ꣬Ҷʮꡣ
֮ǽڵȴ֪Ϊ΢ʵΪûʲôɽʱ̬ŵúܵ͡
룬ǵĶԻǽΧͰ¹ĶϷ̫ڴˡ
һ룬ͼҶָ΢һ磬
ֻܿ˵һ㶯ˡ
תȥĬĬ˸ۡ
˭ϡҲ֪ݣ˵ˣһ˻ĴֱӴӦˣܾϪڲʯҶھΣһԵһûоܾ
ʯ׬ɻԵ󣬳ɵӲŲҪҶΪй¶Եɱ֮
ʱҶ֮ڸպĵ
ڱżȻãӦһɸԿףϪ㣬ʦĪҪپܾ
֮Ҷ̲סĶˡ
ɸָΪڻߵ֮أһԭǰЩ˵ĵرҲеġ
ҶöڱãɸλûȷڱֻҪҵ
֮ڽӹ֣صлҶʦ㡣
̸ףԵ
ҶߣʦãǻŰɡ
˵գ
ʱƣûϽأѾˡ
£ڨڨһЦܲ߻ȥҲУȻȻȥʵνһɾ¡
ִγĸоһ̫ˡ
Ҷɫӣ˵Ļýһ޷
ȴһ£Ҳã뿴µϵײʲôܣʲôǣõǰ㷴
˱һϪɽȥ
ȻǷû
ҶûʲôԣȴЩڣסжǮⲻǰռ
Ҳ֪Ѿϰˣ˼ȻҪѰӻħţǱضҪȡᡣ
ڼݳĳ򣬲˵ʲôϻֵޱңʵ뷨Ͳö֪ˡ
ųľĹ̾ѡ
ҶţĿ붨
ɫٶȣЦʾλӣˣǰиӣҪҪͣϢһ


6 
ЦţԹţЩУƫҪͣ׬Ǯֱ
ҶûзӦӦˣͣ°ɡ
ͣһƮžĿջ⣬Ҷ۾ʩʩȻ
ĬĬϣʱɫȫӣ˼˸
ʶ̧ͷҹգСԼöɫҩԲ֮ҹ
뵽ѵҩѡ
ıɣô׼ţһвԣ¡
ջСֻʣһϷ
ƹΪѣλ߿ˣճһ䷿
һ۾ƹĹǣûסڵסһɣҲиӦ
˵꣬ͿʼģҲû¹Ը񣬳ûξˣôţᱻɡ
ҶһŵĽǿ͸룬Ӧá
ʱһȻС˵дĵǰ㣬¹Ǹ֮ˡ
ݺ󣬷ֻһŵ˴˯һе㼷
ԼʶȤ̣Ҷֱ˴ߡ
ʦ˯ϰɣҴá
΢飬˲ԲԼɴϣиԱߵ龰ô붼þ㤡
һҶѾȱ۾սҩûп˽˯ˣڳϲ
ԭΪԼܱѣһ̫ˣû뵽һմͷ˯ϮҩҲʶɿ䵽ϡ
ҹˣ¶ȫò񷢹Բ̣ʹΧӰ
¹ʢŨһ̣泯ĽԾط˸ƽɹ
Уɢһɻ˵㣬·ÿһë׶ںɢǹɵģԲ㡣
ܿͳӣʵһ㣬һƬ
Ҷڲ֮ͣڵҵ˳ڣȿֺسۼ
ܿ죬㱻մҶڣǣʹƽͷȻ̡
ҶȻ۾죬Ҳ˽ࡣ
ЩܿƵתͷ˯еˣ۵׵İ͸¶ľĿ
ҶԼ죬ȴѲҲʧȥȨѭűܹ˯еѹ˹ȥ
˯еĽֻһʲôѹסһ㣬ű㴽һ˿˿⣬û
Ǿ/˿ܿɢȾ¶ȣմʪ¶
ȻʧȴҲһ㣬д
˻
͵һۣûо˲֪صҧһڡ
ʱ˹һʯ
ɫУǴҧӷҶ
۾Ҷͷһƣں
ʲô񰡣
Ů˾Ȼ˯в죡
𾪣ʵ֣Ҫ
񣺣
Ҫ
ƿϵˣκ⸱̫ͱ§סأüһҲã΢΢ſֱס
ٴαѹ˴ϡ
񣺣ͷһƥ̤Ů˾Ȼǿ
Ǳ˺·ţң۾װκëգһ£ȫʧȥ˵ֿ
ΪԼҪײʱҶȻסӡ
ǻҵһ˿ҶҧסԼ⣬ʹϮ궯ɢȥһĨѪɫ˳°ͣȾѩ죬ɼһҧжݡ
ʲôҶ´ִȳ
˸ۣһۣ֪òԼӻܶ
أ˭˭ʲô
ûˡ
ҶƽԼʧǿԼüĿȻ
˵ʲô
תת飬ĵ㵹Ǹ˵Ļᰡʲôİ¹⣬ֱǵòȻŮ//å
ҶŲܶĽָһ̧
üһֽܶˣæסӣָҶߵ̫ˣ˯ţҾˣһң㡭㡭
ߵһ룬ȻӦǰλ¹ǽڣԼԼǸڵС˵ˣᱻڰɡ
˼ˣɫһףһ󼱴ٵؿԣǽװģҲķš
ҶŽ飬һ̣Բͣģ٣еļҲ
ƺԼģ˵ΪҲԶʲô
ѵ޹ģ
ȥ
Ҷһɴ⣬Ҳ˲Ͽˣֱӳš
ܳˣ
أҲعζҶʧˣѲ߻ħˣ
Ҷһ岢΢һոƴľȲѹ
ôһ£ĸûйϵ
Ҷ˼飬ûзκ⡣
˼Ƭ̣߳ȥ
վĽԥҪҪ뿪뿪ϪڻȥİҲ֪ôϵС꣬ȥȺΧĻ
ʱſˡ
һʶر˸첲û°ɡ
ҶһۣȻţʦԱ㡣
ҲԼʧصԭֻϽϪڣҵ常һ£Լ嵽ûг⡣
죬ֱսͣ˺ã˺ãλ߻ħԼײСδ¡
ȵ̾ɱ¼ȻСڻԵݣӦƽȥˡ
ֳϪʻȥ
УһӰ棬ֻнһˣһϲ
Ӱյǰ棬һȥ˻һȻأûͶ
ֻо͵һͣ˻ͿĿĳ͸ɽϰ
гôǵһμԼǰֱҪ
ˣȻɱ˸һҶ˰ɣ¹ڻˣ
˵Сڻʱģ̫ˣ
ԼϷ
洫һⱻѹ͵ӡ
ˣλ
ߣ֪
ǵȵĲͷͺһֱһٳһ԰


7 
ڽһ˲һʱס˽
ˣϲоˡ
ţһСڻҺͰ¹ⶼ˫˫˰ɡ
˼Ҷȥü㲻Ϸ֣ĪҪ¡
Ҷ治ɫϪҶ֪ΪҪɱɵӡ
ͷʶȴֿ͸ԷΪҲиʶá
Ҷĵ׾岻ѣһΪ֮ݵˣŵˣɢޣ
һˣ񵽵ϪڵӣΪӲܣ˼䣬һöѶѣѶ˵
һֱѶȣһֱ㽫Ĺ㾡£вϷ򲻹Ǻˣ£ɡ
ҶѶϣֱеıûŲֺƴһļơ
ĵ常ǼڣʹԷΪԼ֮ϣҲд߽ĻᣬϪڵӱնɱʲôǲܵġ
˼ˣֱһӳƾ˵ĽսپشҶ

Ҷ֪赲һԷΪԶԶ߹ԼӲǡ
ϣó常˽¸ǼһɫĻʱǰסһ뽣Ѻ档
ʹˣҶƴȫǱʣµһ뽣ˡ
˷ΪϽ֣þлãסʿӣԪӤʿֻüϢΪԪӤϵʿá
Ҷǽ𵤳ڣԷΪߣǽ𵤺ڣԪӤڣǾмϢʱ䣬ҶԷΪԪӤϣǾֻһˡ
þ֣ҲͬʱƵú¶ΪԪӤڣ
ֻмϢʱ䡣
ҶʱתӣϪڵķͬʱ鴫Ѷϣ常ܼʱȡ
ҳһ£νĸоˣֻʣ½š
˰ӣҶؼתԶһЩŸĽڷȥ
常ڱչأδյѶڵüһ£ٷ
常ûܼʱȣԷ֪ϪڵӣԪӤڵΪܿ׷;¡
Ҷ뵽һ㣬ʱת˷
ӵɽ£ҶһǸӦòֱɱڵĵؽӳˡ
͸֧֮£һһߵȥץŽĻûſ
һʱӦڵأſҶϡ
Ŀӡ
Ӹ£첲ҶǰҲǹģӹ
ǹİޣǱȵİ
˵ţϽ˷ĲţҶվȡ
Ҷ΢л
˵գʾ⽭ֱ֣ϯضʼҵϢ
񰲾ؿߣܣ߲˶ڵصҶϡ
ˬ⴩֦ӳ߲ĹߣҶ۾Ϊ͸̬һִС
źһİ¹⣬ݣ˭˲࿴ۡ
ϧǸһڻҡ
Ҷ˼һתǸɱˣǳģѵԭСڻһʲôң
ףԺһϤ
ƣǰˣ
С꣡
ɣôˣҶһﲻ°ɡ
ȻԼֵͦ͵ģٿԷŸڡ
СִģǰأҶµġ
ŰߣܿҶ㿴Сꡣ
ʮĺŮվЦس֣ŮԻվһ۵Сֻ߰
Сﾲ߹Ľ۾գҲգ͸Ŷһеġ
СʱҲֽţֱǸС˵Ԫδ䣬Ӧֻӻˡ
СʱһҾ˵ǰˣƻǰƣֻӻˣǵˣҪǻ˻꣬һϲ𣿡
񣺡
ܱܲһһӻˣޣӦ˵
ʣǰ߰Сλǰˡ
ͬʱҲζţλнǧĴûѾԭСڻˣõݵˡ
ʶһ㣬æһ񣺡ǰ
˼״üͷһ壬ʵСƣҹûҩ
ҩ
öɫҩ裬˯ǰţأ
ͱʧصҶˣҩأ
ɫãȻҲѾ˰ɣ
ûԣҹֻǸһߴһɡ˿۳˼еĽ񣬴ʶɨһҶȻйˡ
ջԼʶŽһӻ˹Ȼ鷳
عͷǰ֪Բ֮ҹᷢʲôܣ
˵һۣ֪ᷢʲôҩܵȻйˣҺֻһˣȻ鷳ˡ
Ʒֻ˲䣬ǸˣһʱɢҲûʲôõĵģǸˣᲨʹ֮йơ
һ𾪣һˣ
ѵ˵
ǰѵ˵й֮˻ʧأ
ɣ
˵˵ͷ
Ժ󻹻ʧ𣿸ôⰡ
ⲻǸ˫/޸ʮΰ˴ξͽˡ
ֱӾ˫/޸ʮΰ˴ΣҶ
ⲻ̫ˣ
ûзӦٴˣĹƣÿԲ֮ҹͻᱻأһαһأ֮˫/޲ſɽ⣬Ҳصģ͵ǰҸСϱˡ
ţЩȥ
³˫/ޣвصģ


8 
ʲôָûУһ¹Ƶļܣ³ܽ⣬ʲôܣǸӰɣרԼġ
е󣬽ԭػȥ
ȻӡΪʱֹƣÿԲ֮ҹǻᷢܣҲ̫ģָһЩѹƱܵҩԲ֮ҹʱ¾ûˡ
˵ţתͷҶķ򣬺ָҲȫ޺ôǸ˵ߣֻҪ˫/һأ˾Ȭˣõ£׼绨Сϱ
޿£
ҪȥҶ˵ι˫/ްɣΪá
ͷԼôĶ֪
ǰ֪ΪΰϪҶҵʧʲôϵҶǵˡʳһֱԼɻԭΪʲôҪĽӽҶأ
˷˸ۣô֪û˵ûˡ
ҪǺǿǧһСָպñչδŲ£ѻûһء
ҡҡͷ˱ȥֻʣСꡣ
СǵƣһǴ߰ɣǰѽ˽ƣֻҪҴ棬Ͳᱻ֣һ뺦㣬Ҳܳһ
֪ɱңû˵¡
СҶԼֱӻûɽ彣ҺǰѭϢϵʱ򣬾ͿҶ˴˴ߵΣģǸȻһСΪǰˡ
ǾͺáסеĽտһ£ַ˳
ôҶأ
ȻĵģҶǷǰ˵³ûбİ취˰
һһţصҶϢĵط
ʱҶ۾
ʦãǹŰɡҶ޴󰭣أһϢûлָ٣ʱУ˵ٴˡ
ͷá˵ʵͦĵģðΡ
һ·ûٳʲô£˳صϪڡ
һɽţҶһ䣺ҪչˣʦԱ㡣ֱӷɽȥˡ
죬һֶû˵
ƸôⰡһԼϯĿԣĬĬҡͷ˵ҶδϲŮӣϲŮӣҲ˫/ް
СصﻹһյӣʵƣڳҶйƵ𣿡
صͷ̫ˡ
˵ԼΣʵǵһԲ֮ҹ
СΪʲôģֱ˫/޾ˣƣΪֻҪɵͲܾ㡣
˸ۣûô򵥡
ҶΪΪˡ
С⣺ܸǾβһͻҵ˫/ޣ֪߲ôСڣռˣѲɻ᲻Ը⣿
˵⣬ԼµֲᣬҲһЩ壬оᵽβһ壬ʵСǾβһ컻˫/𣿡
ǲСڣֱ̫ſ˺
СϵҥҥǾβһŲ컻£ģеͬһֻһ¡ֻǲίԼǺ͵ദǢͻһҾֱӸҶһԣʣȽ˹ƾһɢ¡
ȻƬ̣һҲԸ
С񲻲Լֳһ취ҵΪҶߣֻҪһԲ֮ҹҾʹȻôΣ֪޾½ƣô
񣺡ĻлбҪСһʲôԸ
һôС֪ʲôضԷԸ˫/¡
һƪСֱɵۣ̫ˣ˵ô죿
ѧȷʵ򵥣ôУˡ
꣬Ҫ֪ôͲᷢˡ
գ޵
ҶϢһҶֱչˣҲչһʱ䣬ȫϯĴ
˵գҶϱسϵչȥˡ
緢ϸ̨λͬţϾµӴ֮ˣֻҪʤȫԸΪ⡭
ڵλȻĴţϪڡںڲڣСš
С֮µӴҲʢһ׮ÿζսʤţʤµӿԵõȥѧϰĻᣬǲͷ
Ͼ֮زԣͻԵҲܶ࣬ĻСŵ˵ܿɹ
ȻҲõµӸͶţΪǲģҲΪܵġ
ţΪάҲ㡣
ķԸһڵӱŬһЩ˵Ŀɨһ۽񣬼ǺΪɽ֮ǰûʲôĮջߡ
ȥһҲûʲôµӴвв
޵䣬װĿڵϯȥΪߵֻмڣСŵӴƣˡ
ϲԣʵʲôˣ
ǸҶϾ׷ɱĺˣҼǵӡСǵ÷ǰʱ˸ʶߣĳࡣ
һҶϣ뵽ҶѡһɽʱĳҶָҶǩǡֳ
Ȼʲô⣬Ļ
ôҶأ
ǲУǡ
룬ųҶҲеĿܣȻ¹Ҳƴ
ôҶ֪˾Լ׵


9 
뵽Ҷһ·Ϫڷߣȴ;תһĻ̲סЩҶϳ˵Ŀˡ
㲻˵ǰѺ˵Ϊ𣿡
ϻ쵰ӦʲôΪķԲ˿ΪѷϡС²
Ծɱ۾뵽ҶԼҲҪչص£ӦΪ٣Ƶǰⱻ˷
Ȼⳤ֮λôס
ҶΪʲôĻҶɽְɱأ
뵽ʲô۾µֲᣬˡ
Ϊ˷ֹŵӶڶŶв»ڷڷ򶷣ԶӰ
Ҷǲòɽ˲źö֡
Ϊʲôɱ˼ã벻ȻѵԭСڻҵ飬߸ԭĵйأ
ôҶİ¹ء
˵һԿڻҡ
ʱСִƣΪʲôܴŲ
ջ˼۾ۣҲǱǰӡΪ𣿻
СĬ
ɸֵӻò尡Ȼǿ¾û˵ðڷӡڼ䣬ȻȫΪǼװˣΪΪǿԵӵġ
񣺣
֪
ôˡ
ôΪڴһ뵽Լݵأ˶ˡ
Сӵ淽
ĬĬ֪淽ҵ˼Ҳãô˵ɣһǸҸܲ
һͿˣѧᣬôɡ
СĬһ˲Ť淽
֪ؼôá
ðȫƾ컯
񣺡ƿأͲᣬʲôȫƾ컯Ļš
һһ뷢
Σط̲ס̾ûָ𡣡
С̾óһ׵Ľۣ컯УĻˡ
죬Լ彣һѽéĳ嶯
СܵظеΣգ˻νƣҿģ㲻Ҫ𱨰Ҫһ¾ͷˡ
Ц˼ܸܵʲôо
֪ҪǿʳȥΨԼԱȻô׷¡
СһԺȻֺܸܵĸо˵ҲҪ컯ġ
֮ܶǾ仰컯С
һ㶣ĸоָоаѵ˵
ʲô¾ϣʼµֲϵĲ
Ƭ̺ԽΪԲģܵĿǱʲôƵģЩϡ
ˣ
ϲ⣬ԭԼ̫ˣбʹʱȴ֪ǡʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽС
ƣɹˣˡСŻϲ컯󰡣Сôմĺˡ
ﴽţ֪ôˡȻǵÿԼ
һ;տѧ߽У԰ѧʲô档
ϵĲյȡյۿɼٶŲ뿪Ӿˤڵء
ȻʧˣȻ˷ܲѣܸմյˣնܷأ
û죬ǸɽĽ񣬳ΪڵϢʹţϾ̫ˣһòˣΪȴԶ˵ĲСǻõֹע
һķϪڵڵ֪޷󣬹ͬóĽۡ
еｭڰòֺ
ڿԷˣΪСڽﱣŽȶȻһҲΡ
ֱ̫˾ϲˣνˣ
ִܿһϢˡ
ҶƺӳصģΪϾµӴˣȽСȣųµǰ壬˽ϪȥСŵµӱԡ
ŲԶҶǸͷð˳¹֪׵Ҷ
ܿ죬ûˣΪҪʼˡ
սеĽ֮ǰһֱûɹûμµӴȵ£ȻʸȻҪһ
Ҷɨڵһۣûκͣ٣Ըʼɡ
Ϊ˱ڵСҪ㵽Ϊֹ
ϪһյµӺһ٣жʮˡ
ͽһֻڣ⣬µǰӦþˡ
ϣһ̭ĶǣȻͦ˵һ֡
ȻɹˣɫһЩǲһ
ڶ־ûôˡ
ΪȷѡĵӶʵͻģϪȻüڵĵ໥ƴԵڶĬڸԶ
һĳȻûκ⣬ڵĵӻʤ
˵峡˿һֱڸ̨ϵĽ񣬲ˡ
֪ͬڵĵӣʵ࣬ڱһԵƣǾӻ
ʱ̨ϣ̤Լ彣ϴѸĵˣת
Ҳգӽ׷ſĵСܿͻľֻʱ⡣
̨µҲôģֻǿ֮ĩ
ҶеĽ临ӣƾԼʵǰ壬ٺò
ҶΪã˲ʹǸһֱ׷ĵҲ˰ƴڱȻʤһ
ȻֻǱ󣬱˲֪ǰѽΣҶȴʶ
£ڴΪľʱȴûһһļ


10 
ʵϣһûʹȫڽϵС̨ھֻһ£ǾסΣվȾˡ
ܿ죬Ӿûһʼ࣬׷ٶҲ
һƵҹһֱ㡣
ΪȻڣӽˮ˲Ÿû֣Ҿϲ㣬׷ѽ
ӵʱ޳ܡ
˷׷׵ͷȷ޳ܣ˵úе򲻹ͶɵӲӲӲ
ȥҪȵɶʱһҲ̫̼ˣֱĴ֮ʱһֱĽת
͵³һ֣ȥ
ӶپֻŽµĽֱֱسԼ
㿪ٶȴԶ罭죬ûӳֵ赲Ҳ׾ͱ忪ֱĲǰ
һ˲ľֹ
վڽϣﴽá
ʣŮЦĴǣĵüģһʱǸС
ʦɡҶŰеĽ۵׻һ˿ԼûǳЦ⡣
˽ˣĻҪ˳Щ
ĵͷȻֶȡɣʤǲʵǿôãҲֱ¡
һ˻Ȼ
һԼֱ̫̼˺𣬽ﾹȻڵĵӣ
ӮñԵĽ񣬻طڴС˵һֱ᲻µӴаεͷ
лȥżʶһˡ
ڳΪֻнʿӦò⣬нΪˣ¾ͲˣǰԪӤڣҵΪߵܿ
ϵĽƺͽϵķӡǾ԰ȫ
еʱ¡侲ͱСĻڵ
ƣԲ֮ҹ˳ҩ
ԣóǰµƿҩǵԲ֮ҹҲ̫˰ɡ
ϴβŹȥ찡浣ƿҩŲ˶á
СЦЦϾˣԲ֮ҹе࣬ģƿҩҷǰҪǣ˼һǺܿ׵ġ
΢飬˼ң
˭뵽˽ǧ޷ˣ֮ȻǸ߰ĺӡ
˵Բ֮ҹ񲻿ɱ뵽һˣҶ
С˵Բ֮ҹҶ᲻ʲô£⻰˵ЩίӦ˵Ҷ᲻ʧأһûסֳʲô粨͸ˡ
СζƣʲôµȻȻһ㣬ȥҶһ¡
˵ŤŤļ򵥵£ƫôӡ
СΪôŤ󰡣Ŷӻˣڻøһ⡣
һС⻰֪ˡ
ҴģҪԼȥҶǸʲô˳ɻᱻ¹һˡ
һһɣʵڲо̹һ֣һǸʱͷҶǹ
£˵Ųš
գˬ
ҶĴӣһھӣµӵϪΨһǼܷۡ
شһҲ˽⵽ϪھôһСۣǴ˲֪ٱģûԭ򣬾
˵׵ܷɵĴʯʹذˣǧ
һСۼֵʯСŵļҵױͲһܷ۹þǣôʯã˭еİܼȥ۸Ұ
ԵĳϪڲԶһʱ͵ˡ
ҲŵĵӣںڵӶԼŵĳϣΨϪҶӡ
ڵĹųһ䣬Ҷֻ常͵ڱչأû
ںϪڶ֮׵콣ڣϵԭ׽ЩԲϼ׵˼¡
Ȼȡ˻£ڳ֮ղر׽֮⣬ʲôûһ
Ҷĵһ֪̾ʱͬգǰںϪڻѹڣѺúµӴŻʤ¿Ҫֳߵˡ
һԶڵڶա
磬սҲˡ
۸콣ڵҶͽڵĹųϣֿ۸ڵڳϣҩڵӡ
С콣֮ףԽµӽ޽̬ЩӣңϪںͽڶ˳콣ڡ
ԵԳΪΣ忪սڹ˳С
ҩڣʵȻûСŹ˳ȴ𾴣ΪҩڲǶ˻һͬʣ»˲޵ӡ
ںڵĳ϶ǽ𵤺ΪսŵҲǽ𵤺ڣǲõıˡ
ĬĬһͷСĻûʲô롣
ţʶһص⣺С˵ֲȥѧϰ꣬᲻ᱻΪߵ˿
콣ںŵӶǽڣڵĳ϶ԪӤڣǰҲԪӤڣôϵĽƣԼϷӡͲȫˡ
СҲ뵽һ㣺ǵ͵㣬ԣ
ĬƬ̣ɨҩڵķ򣺡ûǴĻɻʤĵѡȥĸѧϰɡ
ҩҩͶŵǸڣڳ϶ǽڣֻһԪӤڵֳչأؼ庰ɱǰȫ֮ѡ
СһϲƣˣӺ
񣺡һֱûϾô˵ĺòá
²˼µʱΪҪˡ
ҹȼǰһöҩ衣
С˵ҪҪȥҶ
ȥҶҶˡСһڽû
ʶؿţպ


11 
ʦáҶ
״æ裺˵ܲٲܲٵʡˣ˼ˡ
ԶҶڣҶ򶨶þԡ
񣺡ȶأУĴ䡣
֪ѰΪ£
Ҷû˵֣̯ƣһöɫҩ衣
סŹģŸճԵһö
ѵС֮ǰһöôҶ
ͷһּʣװɵǺ
Ҷ΢΢˺ЦĿģɽȴֻ飬㶥סѹƿ
Ƭ̣ҶҸռöҩʱ滹
ʱ֣ʧ֮ɴѹȷް󣬱ϸһ鷿䡣
˲ڴϷöɫҩ裬Ȼûеģ̽һ̽ʵ
ǿ򶨣һ޺
öҩǽʦõİɣϢҶƶֱֱŽ۾
ҲãҲգ˶Ϫˡ
һͣĽؾŮ
ųųϢ
ȽøôϣҶҩ£²ʦãܵ˵Ļȴ
ֱӰѽ˸⽹ۡ
Ҳųģ
̲סԼһţѵǰķӡʧЧˣ
©ˣ
˵ЦˣˣЦһЦգκʵЦƾһö֪ĵҩ¾ɡ
Ȼʦò˵ʵ彣ȥ콣÷ʦһˡҶվü۳
ռȻˣͲ޹ڵ֮ǰһҪȥ
ȥ콣ڵʦʲô𲻰ɿ˼ű˸ô죬ȻֱϪڣ
÷ʦһʯʯǰκֶζʧЧΡ
һɣٱнҵ˼
Ҷһ彣ѽȻǣ
µĲ
ţҶĿ¶ȣ˲˵ݣ˵ʲô
ҹŷﴵ˽ƤõоζҡҷĹͶϣ
΢㶣ʲôŮôһȵӣѵԼû//¶
Ҷľȣ״֪һеؿŽ񣺡һΪݰϪڣͼΪΣ
䣬ٳԼıĿ⾯衣
ԭĲֻǰѽǰˣǰ
״Ҳվִ
Ҳ޶⣬ϪҲΪѰʧٵĵǣƣҶϻҪҵҵʧٹȻϪйء
˸Խ䱸ţնʱţʱᲫɱ
ҶŽ˼ʵԡ
Ҷӣʵǿװ򶨣Ҷǽ𵤳ڰм仹˸ڣΪô࣬ûһʤ㡣
Ҳ֪С꿿ףܱܲס
ԭϳǸҵ
ҶϲԣԽĻ߰˷֣ķǺһ常ķ»˸
ʧйأҲͽ˵ΪҪ
벻ͨΪһڳϵĵΪλǣֻǳ󼴿ɣαڣŮµȥ֡
ǣ֮²䡣
Ҷ׵΢ס
üζԭҲϳǸҶˡԼҵˣбͼ
û˵ҶΪѾ֮£ȻҶ߳ŭ֮游һɱ
ͷû¹⵲·ϣ˰¹Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҷ򴽲ͶԵķĴǣʱ־ú˸ĸоϤֱǴȥ޷Ӧ
常ڱչأôأΪγٳٲȡ
ں󣬵ֱܶǰűչأǸ²Ҳ䶨
ҶɫԻ㲻ҵĶ֣µӴ֮뿪Ϫڰɣﲻĵط
죺㲻ɱң˵õĳأ
ҶĬƬ̣ԩ޳𡣡
ɱ޹֮ˣҲɱ뽭ĵʧйأ²֪飬ҲֱӦٰε
»Ĭˣò˵¹ǰ¹⣬಻ɳӣ漰Լ׵ҲΪŰ
ֲû⴦յ磬̫˰
Ҷʱ˵Ǻ¡
ͨһ㣬˽һġ
Ҷ״˻ȥ
ԼԭĴ㣬ԭŵȻҪµӴȽţѰڰϪڣҲһ
Ҷ֪ͼıʲôȻ²䣬벻
ױŮôһֱߣԼĵûô׽Ҳ
ҶĿ⸴ӵŽʵǼ򵥵Ϊǰձչ֮ʱһΡ
κ̵̣ܶʲôû壬ֻǰΪԼ
һޱʵΣǰ
ҶµӴȣڵ֮ǰý뿪Ϫڡ
Ҷô˵΢΢ü
ԭ¹ͷβûɱԼȻԷô̹Ҳ̹ϵ㡣
ԭУǸƪСڻңҶҲûãԼܻڣ˵Ըı䣬Ѿ˸ı䡣
ΪҶýҲ֮ģĵһ̾ʧأȷʵйء
Ҷһ٣û˵ʾ⽭


12 
ϵҩٵҩʵƣž˾ͻйƣȻҴδҪϣֻǵʱ̫ˣҲ֪ô¾Ūˣ㡣
û˵Լ
ʵ˵ԼֻƳĻҲ֪¹᲻š
ƣô⣿ҶŽɵ
ԭľΪ˹ƣ֪Եɾͺðˣǰֻ˵Ķʵ
Ҷ΢һЩģһ˫ŭӡ
Ϊŵ˹Բ֮ҹ˫/޲ѹƣģǸʲô߰˴ξͽˡǰô˵İɡ
ԣǰԭǣⲻ˫/޸ʮΰ˴εľûˡ
Ҷüģ
Ųģ뷴ڰǰˣһɱ˽
Ÿ˻飬ĿǰҲûͶ֮ˣǰ㡭
Ȼ⻹㣬ĻֱҶٳԼı۵ֻɱ
ңֻи˫/޲ܳ׽ƣֻһαһη
˵ţһѽʹ˹մӰλá
һͣСĵ侲ҲģֻҪѡҸһɽȻûˣ˵þʵҪǲţɱҡ
ûʼٸҶǸϻ쵰ҲǱĺòã԰ֵĺòá
һȻǲǴҶ۵׿ԥ
ûɵģŰ¹ⲻóȻ֡
ҶűһǿԼȷƣֻСֻǰܽ⣿
ѲɽʵԣһҲ̫ˡ
Ҷ״ϻۺѧʮ꣬ϪڵĲ鼸Ƿ˸飬ҲһЩййƵļ¼ǵһ˵ôŹֵĽƷ
ǿЦЦԺ˰벽ҶıԶЩʵҲЩЩףǰô˵ģҸʱҲţԲ֮ҹȻҹ˿˵
Ҳе㳶Ǹνķǰ˵ѣǰʲôȥƭһвСأܲǹưɡ
ǸԹɵС߰ģȴֻ˽ǧ֣һҲʲôȤζӡ
Ҷüô
ȰѽǵȵƷʱ֤һˡ
ܱýŹûаȫеģе£һ㡣
Ҷûʵ֤
ʱ̲סұܲܽ⣿ҡۣŵ㰡Ҷıǰ˰벽ԼĲϣһţ˵ҵĹʧΪ¸ҪǲԸ⣬Ǿİ취嶯嶯ħ
ҲұԣҲԡ
ûŲ֣һҶҡģ˵öԣҪİ취
΢΢࿪ͷ˪ҶĸС괫СһҪǴаմҰȫ뿪𣿡
¹̫ΣˣһѽʼղϷ£ʹ֪ҶʲɱˣҲ̫˺
Ӽ˶ʮ꣬ûôһֱýŹԼʱһ
СĬûиκλӦ
񣺡
ʲôС飬ܲܿ׵㣬һؼʱ̾ûˣԣֱ˰ɡ
군
ҶŽ񣬼ģü֪ʱأµӴ֮㲻ٻϪڡ
뿴ɱ޹˽Ҳ뽭ڵ¡
ΪһǰΣҲΪԼģ޵
˵ҶѾǰˣõģҶޱ죬ɰͰӦһá
ҶŽ۵һƬӣ֪м٣
һնľ˲룬һľӡ
µĿڣӣˡ
ŽһµģҶɱ˵ĳ嶯һ䣺µӴ֮ȥҪҿ㡣
˵գתߣһ˸оޱʵΣΪв䣬Լٴȥһɱֻ
ıӰ̲ס˵˾䣺ôⰡԲ֮ҹұ治һð
Ҷһ٣ӿŲ뿪ıЩֱٳ
ϴμȻܿסαȻҲܣڽĽ֮Ҷֻһ룬ȫῼǡ
Ҷһ뵽ĳطǸóһ±İ취
ŹϣҶѾ뿪Сſڵû뵽ҶĻܾ˫/ޣҲ̫ˣƣ㲻а
۱ӣ˸ۣղô˵
СĻӦʱʱģ֪ûпԱĵʵ̫ˡ
СĬһ˲ڵⲻ´𣿡
˵ʵǲҿڣȻҶΪһ㣬Ǳ̫ˡ
С֪ô£һҶĪýţ¶ԷԼĴڡ
üƣѹס𣿷ǰ˵һαһ
̲סЩҶ
ҶϴμȻ;ѹӦҲаɡ
С˽𰸣вУ쿴Ҷ֪ˡ
ҹڽ˯ԺһӰ˴ǰ
ڽСһڿ˺ĬĬװüһˣȻϲķǡ
ҶԭΪϴסԼκε͹ǹƣȻһαһη
ӶǽӰƲסԼѰ˹
ҶŴ΢΢죬𺣣̵
Ŵϳ˯ŵˣָסΪĿƣЩ


13 
ҶǿҪס֮ǰ̧Լӡãɫɷ׵ؿȳһѪ
ʱǱһ㣬˸ʱѹ
Ҷסüһ˯еˣɿת뿪
ڽСŮҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶЩѹƲסĹƣѵŮҪȥұˣ
СɵúĴ
ǣһѽҶ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ҹеҶȫ֪һѳ
ΪĽƣҲΪСΪ֮ϣֿϢҶȻԲ
С겻ظţۼΧľɫԽԽϤһ죬µҶҪȥˡ
ɽɽһУҶɵ߽һðźˮ̶
Сţ֪Ů˹Ȼǳź̶ġ
û뵽Ҷĵӻͦ
Ҫ֪ɽĵ̣һ£߿ɲֻˡ
Ҫ֪ߵĹϵǢһֱʶ֮ơ
⺮̶׳һ꺮һ嶼ܲ⸽ĺˡ
Сզ࣬⺮̶ֻ¸ܣɱ鶼Ǻõġ
Ů˶Լ̫ˡ
˵ףƻǲа˼ҶԼƵʲôˡ
Сֹͣܿû˿ֵ£Ϊ̶еҶ𽥽һ˪ĵɫԽҰס
ŮĲҪˣɺ壬Ҳð
ͨ-
һˮƴСʯͷ̶һƬˮ
ҶٿȻ۾ؿܡ
ɽּžǿͻȻˮʯͷֻ⡣
Ҷȴûд裬оѾܺܶ࣬Ӧÿѹסˣ㲻Ҿæ뿪
Уһѽβϣֻصڻ۵ıԳ
һţС˽񣺡ƣĲУǸҶΪ˲˫/ޣҪˡ
̶׿꺮һܵǺˣɱ飬Ϊ̶һ֣߶Լݡ
񣺣
ңΪ˵ҲУⱩƢҪԼΪûСߣߵҪƽé
СԵ֪ղ˭ҶҶ˺þãҺһţȻͱһˣǸŮΪѹסϵƣȻɽ̶ѰҼʱ־
С߶߶һѷŷ½
סҶˣôһҲû
˯øһܷŹ֣ҿƣһˣСһ²ۣһ߸̾
΢飬Ҷģ˼ȥ̶ҲѰġ
СҸж˵¼˯
ղ˯㣬ҪǴ򲻹ǰεСһ٣ҶӦû˰ɡ
뵽Ҷһ⼼漦ߣ˼ҸҪ˫/ޣˮһѹˣ˸ġ
ҲǺ¡
գɫ糣Ҷ񳹵׷ġ
Թܼ򵥣Ҷ࣬ŵӱţĸŵ̨ϣĸʤ
꣬ϪںͽڶղְڵӴ̨ʤߣ¹˻飬Ȼû˵ʵˡ
̨ϣӸΪ
ϪӶڣԾѽǰҶԼҪŽᣬʡ˿Ц
ŵľڵˣǰϪںͽܻڣҲ⡣
ʵϪںͽڵĵӸţǰ˵ǰǶһ֡
ǽ곤ûǿԼ
ǺͶԷˡ
һʱ䣬Ӫûرƽ
ڳϼ״ʱ³ϪںͽڲƱô˵һ
ڵӻ⣬һϪڹȥ
ΪҶڣϪڿãһӵȻҪ
ڼ״Ҳ侮ʯڵӹ˹Ūȥһһ
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罭֪Ул֮¸ɴգܿս
һ£ͱںͽڵ
ϪڵӸͷɥ·ܾѶֱڰѽڵӾ̨ԼҲֻʣһӡ
һһһһڡ
ƫƫڵ׷½Ƕ
СңΧų̋Ҷ㣬ƵģһҲż
ϪڵֱӿⳡϤǺӮ桭
һֵ׷սʼ̨ϵҲ˲Ծ
˵ĵӲóŵʱ򣬼ʶ˽ϣȻǵ
ڵĵȻ֮پȣںͽڵĳȴˣŶûеˣϪ˴˰
֮ǰҲû˵Ϫڵµе
ǵȻû˵ϪеһǵģûҫȥͷֽǸķ嶼УֱҶϵһ£ô˵ȥ˿ЦģҫҲա
û뵽Ϫϣ
ϪڵӣǵȱһҲǿ˼ʣޣԼˣӦ˵Ľ
̨ϵĽʼʩľڵӵΪʤ
ڽã䡣
ڵĹųϳ׺ȥҲϪڻʤڵĺڣϪڲ˻Ļֵǽ˰
Ѷ콣ڵ÷ʦԾϪڻʤµȥ콣ɡ
ɫ߰ڶһ㡣
ɨһҶֵɵѡȥĸţȥҩڡ


14 
һ㶡
Ϫڲһֱ콣Ϫڵô˵ȥҩڣѵϪڰͶҩˣ
콣÷ʦֵɫʱѿתͷϪڵλãҶϣζԡ
Ҷ˳ƿǸˣҪȥ콣ڣȻΥŵľҽձϪڡ
һȫž
˼
ȷӦȻǸýѵһҲø콣һֱţͷеˡ
ⲻñ˿Ц
ʵϣ˵Ͻ˼ϽĿڡ
ȥʲôҩڰⲻǸ
ҶɫȻֱֱŽ񣺡ӽ𣬽㲻Ϫڵӡ
ĿڵĻᡣ
콣ڵ÷ʦջߣϪڻʶȤֲ֪ߵغĵӣϸţΪʸ֮ġ
΢΢һ㶣֪ҶһԼϪڣҲҵ̫˰ɣֱӸˡ
һҩڲŹ˼콣ڵѹ͸ˣǰϪڣֱӸ˺
£˵Ŀⶼ˽ϣЩȷؿҩڡ
ҩսǸӿˡ˰գüӴŰϪʤĵҩڣջǲհ
ڣ֣۹⡣
۹⣡
ҩڵӶʱĹǣڴƼžнǰɣԸҩ£
񵱼Ӧ£Ը⡣
ֱ֮ϲ˵һǲڵĵŶⲻڣΪš
ҩڵЦŵͷʦ۹⡣
۹⣿
ˣ黹࣬ʵۺ콣ڲƫƫȥаҩڡ
֪ϪڵӺ޲Ĵȣӷ˰
ȱһķȴڵӱڵˣҵֱţСŶţŵӵĴɲһúá
ҩ֪ȱһ飬ᷴڰɣ
ҩڷڲڲ֪Ҷֻ֪Ժó֮Ҫˣҩڶݣ磬Ҳȥɡ
콣÷ʦּҩڿϽɽɫ˺ڣֱ˦ȥ˼ҲϪµӻȥˡ
죬ֿɫҶûп
Ϫڿˣװʧȥµȥ콣ѧϰĻᣬһȻвȱܳ䳡档
Ϳ
ŵҲȱȱµӴȣ˸į
ʱֻʣϪںҩڵ˻ڳϡ
ҩڵЦǺǵʦãһڰɡ
ûҩڰ׵һӣ׬ˡ
Ҫ֪һ㱻ĵӣѡ콣ھڣû뵽и©֮ȥϪڡ
Ŷ©֮ҩڵˡ
ЦͷʦԵȣ˵仰ߡ
ϪڵλȥҶǰվ
ΪʲôϷʱֻҶֱתϪڵӣһڡ
䣬ٳСۣһȫὭģ
ɫһ£ҶıӰ˾䣺ҪʱѶң㴦á
˵ԼϽƣ˵Ը⸺𣬵ô˵̫ʡ
ϣҶͷҲأǱһֱߣûҪ
ȥҩڵ·ϣ֪λҩڵʦռҩųϼ׵ĶӣͬʱҲҩڵŵӡ
òл񵥶˵ˣϽܵʦģƾǵһҩھŵӣ˵Ϊ״Ҳпܵġ
Ҫ֪һ˫ŵӣǵ
ҩڶһţȴǿ츳ҩ츳
Ȼ˫ҲţȻҲΪҩڵĵ̫ˣ궼ûһ
ܲ˰ɡ
ҩڰװ׼©һ;ÿġ
ֺǺǵļﲢɣΪҩ״ӣ
ҩԪӤڣԼ©
Ǹʦ֣ҰôҶĽ
һԼҵݣʦĺ۹⣬ҵȻ˫ȴƷҩʦҩ츳ܱȣҪ֪ҲƷܳΪųȫƾԼʵҩҲһμѻ
ϸ˵ʿޡޡҩ޺а޵ȵȡ
콣ڴ඼ǽޣڻǵޣޡ
ҩڹ˼嶼ҩޡ
ҩ޳Ϊ۸ߵ֮⣬ԼǾҩĵȼһƷ𲽣߿ɴƷ
ųϺҩĿǰƷ׵ĵҩʦƷ
רţ⣬ͳȥˡ
״ֵòУʦ۹⣬ҵҩϣɲ
ҩڣڱչأųˡ
ΪųϣҩĿǰΨһµˣյϢöӰ˴ųϵ
һ£״Ž񣺡˵˵ɣһΪţ
ӵäĿֹۣҪࡣ
ƽĸ۸ڶԴ꣬쵹̫߳ˣ˲ߴߣ
³
ʵҲ缧⡣
ûţҲᱻ
ϵ㣬ųϲ״ӣͨŵӡ
ֲá׵һϲԣֱۡ
ֲϪô׾ͷ˵ӣԭǸȱģ޷ĵһĶ
ܲвȱԼо˼ĳɹһ
ֱ͸ĺͽܰ
Ϸȥذɡ
ŮܰȻ߳Ψһ״Ӿǽˡ


15 
Ŀ¶ɻʲô
СĴ˵׵ǿûɱȻΪҩô޵ģаɱˣᱻˮʴƤ⣬ٸߵΪҲ߲
ҩյӵĹأҪһء
½ţûɡ
ӦûС
ô˵ЩһС겻֪أһԭɱأ
紵ɫĳˮӳŽ¶ԥ
׳ϼվڳر߲ü΢壺ôҽ
һζŲܰҩڣҲζֻиСһ·ˡ
Ϊ˵ıȥȺΧĻϲһ
ʺĳˮ΢΢ζոûϥǵλá
ʮ׼أߵ쳣ѣ˫ȷϽཬ
ûгֱˮʴ״ԭûɱ
׳üͷչ
صųϵ׳ϵݸһɫƣУŵӶɫƣɫţҩڱȱ˶һͭɫָ޵ӡ
ӹƣ׳ڵȴʲôģһݣӽ񣬰ݼʦ
׳ϿЦͽܣȥһҩָϣ˽һŵĹأʲôʱҩɵˣѰҡ
ҲҪԼоˡ
һ뵽ڲԶĽ츳׿׵״ӣֱ̫˺
ȥҩָϣһµ¯ͽҩݵȵȡ
زǸݿݵ޵ӣڽٳʱЦĵλͬţţա
ͷûжԡ
¹۲֮£Ҳ˵⡣
ɫƵ˺٣϶͸һ˿Ȼŵӡ
ɫƵŵȻ³¯״ʺã̬
ͭɫƵ޵˭͸¶һ˿ֺζ˵С
ҩڵӵı޵λ͵ģҶš
С״ʵô
񿴳⣬ȻҲˡ
ֲǰǲҩڣֻ˵
ָ֢ڣ˵ǰҩڵ޵ûгǿߣǿߴɢŵ£ǿΪ𣬳ⲻ˻γ־档
С겻Ϊҩڵ޶ѧϰ֮Ȼ϶ǿ
ҲǺܶҩȴûаŵԭ򣬶˵̫֮ˡ
ҩڵͬûһ˿ҲǱȥ¾۵Ϊһ㿪ʼ
ʺԼ֮Ȼǻġ
뵽⣬С굣ǵȻǰǶ˵ΪǿԵӵģ浣˼֥鶪ϣķΪ
һһ߸ҩָϳҲӡ߶ڣ֮ʲô
淽Ǹڣûʲôͻơ
ţ¯顯һðһɰ̡
ԣը¯ˡ
һͲаˡ
󣬽ͷ¯ң޿
Сֱҡͷûҩ츳
һҩڵӣû츳ԼҲҩɵһֱը¯Ļټ
һҩǰ׽ˡ
ΪԼܿ߳ء
Ͼ߼ҩϡȱ߸ͨһҲֻʲͬ
ҪԪжҪֽⶾֱͻΪ
ʱϢ궼ϲ˵ˣһŵҩ˲ܽ
Ҳҩһֱλڲԭ벻˵ҩԲòĬĵλ
СЦ츳ûָҩҲɣ군ˡ
񣺡˵˵
һգµ޵ѧϰҩϻȥȴһζûгɵ
죬뿪޵Ϳһˡ
Ц߹ʦãôҵѧ
ʦ˵ҩɵȥһûɵء뵽Լ챻ըûͷֱûƢˡ
㻹ûҩɵΪԼˣⶼˣ޶۵ĵҲóɵˣλʦõ츳ǡǳϰ
ͷӵ˴뱲ӵĺͽܣȴˡ
ͷ˰
һο˵츳أʦҾҩֲֻҩһ·ӡ
۾һʦֿ˵˵ô£
˵޾֮·ҲԴɱķ
꼧ĻȥͰҩݶ˶ݣ
εûը¯Լˡ
ƣ㻹ܴ𣿡Сž͵ز𣬲ŵû궼ˡ
񶯶ӣЩݣⲻ󡣡
ѱ˶ء
¿ɺãֱӰԼɵˡ
Ҳȫջٿ֤ЩĶɥʧж
ָͷ̧ˡ
С곤һⲻУô
۾Ըⲻ
Ƕ̫һʱ
һʱɫ
Ȼ̱ڵصС飬С굣ǵҾðɣȻ˶ӦҲҪⶾ
񣺡Ҿ˵öԡ
С꣺
ô죿Ҳⶾ
գգۣҵĴѶˡҡ
Ҽʦּûʧȥʶ
˭ȥСȷСȥˣʼ˼˵˭
˭أ˭أ
֮ϪڣҶ׼ϴ˯ͼǰƴճһ֣жˡ
ǡĴѶ
ǣ˰æģж
ҩҩѲϪڵӣ¡
Ҷᡣ


16 
˭ϣǰַһѹ㣺ϴӺϪɽ¼
Ҷ򴽣۾
ʱüš
ɽ£СոոϵηŽɽȥҶ
Ӧûɣô˵ҲǽСϱϻƣܼȰɡ
ʱһɫӰ̤¶
ҶһɫƵۣü۵Ȼʻҹµ¹⣬š
ôˣҶһİĺŮԷΪԼ֮ϣս˱
Сһæˣжˣ쿴ô⡣
Сע⵽Ҷ͸Ž䱸ĶƲƲѽ£Լ˼վԶЩ
˼ǣҲܵģҲûж⣬ء
Ҷ״Żеˣһ˿ɻ
óһöⶾι¡
ܿ˹ǰˣ
ʲô
ôεҶˣ
СʱڣƣȣҶˡ
֪Ҷס
Ƚ״Ҷ˵˾䣺ǲϪڵӣ軽
СĿڵŶǸСϱ㣬л
񣺣
ҽа
ʶؽͣҶС˵ģᡣ
Ҳû˵ǰôеġСԷǰǾ壬ǰ룬ôһ䣬ѧ˹
ۣǰҲǺ˵ġɣٺȥҶ
Сʼ磬Ķٿ
ҶɨСһֿۣĪֻһĶΪѰң
ûһ䡮Сϱֻ߸ûϣ⡣
񣺡⣬Ҳ֪
ǣһԼ͵С꣬¶ѯ֮ɫ
ҶҲ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ˵һ
Сգգۣÿôʲô˵𣿳Ҷ㻹б𣿡
ýСϱˣôƵģ˴󹦣ҪҶ
һĲ֪ж
΢ͣСԴ˿ǲװ˽ʦ֣ʦҲˡ
˿ɲֻҶһ
Ҷ䣺ǼȻҲȥ㶾ʲôģѰⶾɡ
Сһ㶣εŤͷȥˣֻ˭ˡĩˣС˾䣬˵Ҳ˭ⶾҾͲᡣ
ûнⶾ
ŪԭίֱûۿûۿⶼʲôѰ͸һɲֱӵ޴
ҶüӴóһƿҩһĬĬ˻ȥ
ҩڵĵʲôҩУڵӦòҪѶʯ򵽡
뽭޹ʣҩΪˡ
Ҷĵ׻һ˿ڣС۵Сۣ˱ʦ£ұˡ
Ҫߣæ֣صл
١ҶǵԲ֮ҹѹƲסƣʱңҲǸ˼ҾôС
ɫӰ˿ûͣ٣ֱȥҲ֪ûĻ
˼к̶ò㡣Сҡҡͷ̲ס²һ䡣
عͷֿ̬Ҳлˣǻҩڰɡ
Сͷ⻹࣬ʦȻˣҲǸǰѶһô죬Ҷס
Ҷ֪졣
ЦЦζ㣬ΪԺõҵĵط˵
Сط˸ۣ˰ɣղŲͦ͵ϱǲһ󻵵һ۸ҡ
һ۸㣿𣿡
СصͷУһʱ򣬻ʲôһ
ֻнһƾ͹ȥˣκλиҶⲻĵӣһҶͷ顣
Լ
صҩڣ֪ûҩ츳һȥұʦˡ
Ļ׳ššüǲҩʱע̫ˣʾһ顣
ۿڽڳɵһը¯׳ϰ
ʲôⶼûУǲܳɵͲ츳⣬Ǹ¯ɡ
ôͺͽ
Ĭã׳̾ΪʦֻҲ̲㣬ȥ󿴿ʲôȤĹţôһ¡
ȥ˲ȥЩؼżмйصģٲȻһЩ
һֱҵϦʹûҵʺԼġ
λͬſǼ׳ϵ״ӽ񣿡
ͷǸݿݿزޡ
£ʦ֡ԷͺΪ֮ϣʦӦõġ
ӦˣҽܵʦûţƱɣ֪ʲôҿزϰˣ˵ܰæ
С괫ֻţ˫ڣܰҩڵ޶࣬ʡ
㹰ֵţʦ֣ҳĹ֪ûС
ţ˼Ƭ̣һ۵СָָһЩʧܾõ޹أǶʦȤȥһҡ
л֮˽ȥһмܣĹвȱеֻʣ¼ҳֽеֶˡ
ʱһֻʣ°鷭˸¶Ƥ
񲻸ŵ۾ĴС㿴ûǱԼᶯ
ڽСҲˣСĵ㡣
áĵӦһŽȥǱ顣
СĬĬۣԼСˣȥ


17 
ƵȴһƾǱʹֽš
·ղǷ˸һĻֻǽĴ
վûж
С⣬Ƭ̺ҴʶˣûκϢӦǿˡ
ʿܿʶûǸˮƽСĻԲҴ⣬һ˿ҲͰˣһ𿴴Ҳ̫ˡ
ǰ뱾ýͷȥ̽ʼղʲô쳣
ԷģѵĿˣ
һЩƤϵ֣ʦ

ƣû츳ҲУ˵ĻԵ
СĴһ£Ǳ顣
ûʲôⷢ㷭
ֻܱаᣬʮҳ
ǰϸ˷ԴԼλǧǰĴʦǹڷ
һƪУ׷
Խ۾Խһ׷ʽеطһҳȻûˡ
ûˣ
ǰôϻطֻһַʽһ͵ȼġ
أ
ԭذΣûסһԵ˼ǰ˳ȥʵǺǿ
ó飬ţ㶡
ǱҲֻйڷʦԴĽܣûнʧǧķġ
˵˾һûõ飬ʦĪİ鿴ɡ
ţɻƬ̣ؼ¼ڲᣬ
һߣȥȲһ׷ĲϺˡ
Ҫ޹ǣֽҪܳƤīҪ÷ʦԼѪô͸аš
ؼ޹ǺƤûС
æµֲᣬҵԼ֪ݺ˲١
һ׷Ҫһ޵ĹǺƤͽ޻ûпǣԵá
ɽµɢоۼ۲ߣٲûԼȥԡ
˼Ƭ̣ȥһ׵޹ǺƤҧԼָϵ裬ʼ
С꿴üͷֱ壬СǲһΪû
ʵΪ磬׸⣬ҪǿҪԱ
꼸ŷð˵ɰƴСˡ
Ҳ֪νһ׷ΣҸطһԡ
Сʲôطʺ׷ըһը𣿡
Сص϶УɽҲףһը˿̽ͲˣиطǺʣɽ
ɽĵ̣ܱܿ˵ĵطܶ࣬ǵļңԼһԡ
ɽǲżԺлȥɡ˵ɽ磬һ뵽ܵЩ
ȥɽСȰȥ
񲻽⣺ΪΣ
Ͼ͵ˣҲԲ֮ҹҶ˳ɻȥɽĺ̶ͲѹƲסƳʲô⣿
ĬȻҶӰûп
ֲɽ
˷ɽʵСûˣǣûȥһ׷
С껯ΣŽɽȥ
ɵһʯĻ֮أͣ£УֳҲû֪
Ӵóһ׷Զһ
ֻǷֽڸմʯһ˲Ȼըʮ׼ʯֱӱһӡ
ĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɣ
СĿɿڴǿ˰ɣ
˶һۣڴʵô
СɰͰ͵һ˵нڵҶǸ𵤳ڿ϶ҽӣҲ𵤺ܽס
ЦҶҲҽ֪϶ҽӣȻЩͲøС˵ˣǺġ
ϲ̫ˣͻȥһЩ
תȴһ٣û뿪
ô߰
Ǹҿɫʺ¡
СֱӴ˼Ҷ͵Ҷ£ôһķһס
һûеҶΪҲ֣֮Ӧǹĺ͵Ĳһ𣿡
Сһ飬ڲĵҶĺ͹ǲһޣʲô
ЦС꣬͡
Ĺİ͵Ĳһ
˶̧ͷ¡
һ̧ͷС꣺ǸС̶Ķ
СһûסЦǲǽ°
һؾǹġ
Сʼ磬ͷһϣȥҶˣٲȥֲˡ
񣺡ʣµ׷Сϡ
ǲܵģ׷ôըС̫˷ˣŷɡ
̶˴̫ԶɹȥҲͰӵĹ
˸ϵȴûпҶӰӡ
ſһ˵ĺ̶²ҶӦѾ˰ɣѲҵķѹˣ
̶ǽк̶ֻվڱϣ;Ӳ̹ǡ
Сش𣬰䲻˶
һɫӰҡҡλεط뺮̶ʮ׵ʱȻ䡣
ʶطȥӣ§ء
Ҷô
ҶãȻһ˲屧ԼǽĪİһЩ
ƹȻһαһη
ѾϻǰһЩʱ䣬ȴȷɵ̶ͼȱʧء
䣬һֻ֣ʧ㸧Ͻա
Ǵ㵣žͷ̶ߣһ£ҷȥ
ϵȴĻ˷򣬽§ס˽
Ҷ˶˽޹ǡ
΢΢̧ͷ룬βƷ˿ģǣɡ
ҶŽüۣ˲ݡ
΢΢ſڣɤỺ񣬰ҡ
һͣŻˣ˼
һ˲һߺ𣺡ƣҶҪģ˫ްҲǹ
С۷Ź⣬˷ֱܵš
񣺡ҪǲϺһ䣬ˡ
ƣҸǻСڴشߴš
Ǿóֻ֣ԿԼĿüһ½죬̧ͷȥѰǡ
򦱻᲻صҧһڣ´Ų/ĺ
ѵһһҧֱӰҶᱧ
첽£һӽ˺̶


18 
̶һƬˮ
ȻֵĺҶһǣʱʹԼˮվȡ
񣬱۾ź̶ı䣬Լ侲
СٴĿɿڴ
**
̲סĵױһ໰С˻ͷһģô
ҶԼݣҶҲݣ濴ˣøӡ
Ҳѧˣ˫/˸úøӰ
ӺҶ۾ϰ
ڴˣŽɫȻ
ЦЦǸպ»طɽһˣû뵽ôɻ㡣
һԵС΢Ц︹̣ͦɵģרѰģܲ
Ҷɤһ˿ɳƣл
ֻ֣û˱Ļ
һɫЦţлӦõģšҡ
Ŷл˴УҲ˾ǡҶɫ䣬˽Ļ
ЦŻ֣ãǡ
ҶӰԶȥŻعͷ̾Ҷ¾ǵôͻˡ
˼Ұ¹͸ʲôûһŵҪЦˡ
С״ǳ˼ģ˵Ǵɣ治֪ôģ֪
ǹģ˵ᡣ
ãǹģ׷ҶǰƹҪᡣСװģǰߣ쳤ϣ˵˵
ɫ󾪣æˣңϽ
Ҷûб˼˵ҶйΪæӦģȻ˼ҲҪ
˷ǲľദôˣⲻ˻ᵣһ
СԣһҲԣҪʮ׷ټʮ̿ᣬԺʲô¶ҪΪȣңҲܹҡ
ֱۣզأ
СһԾ𣬷ɵеʲôѵġ
˰۽ǣһʮ׷ûУȻ㰮˵˵
ܱвסˣ
СƴӦðɣʶĺý÷ϣɾͲƽˡ
Ǻǣлл
صҩڣ㿪ʼ񻭷һһ棬ȡ˷һƤ
ȵ׳ȥ޵ʱѾˡ
ԭҩڵųϻˣųϴһϢɭֳѷ죬дʿ룬ųԲѷҪ½ųǡ
ͳ֮󣬴ɳȥĽɱ壬Ȩˡ

Լһԭ顣
Ůģİ¹⣬ҶС
ıֻ磬˷½˽类Ϊܴ½ɭֵһԶ½
½֮бݣӰ죬ֱɭֳѷ죬½Զ½ͨ
½˵Զ½ʿ壬ʿҰĲɱ¾أԴ֮Ǳ磬ƵƵ¡
ɭΪƣΪ޷УЩΪҲߣֻˣˣƤӣСı
˶ƢģƶˣöԷԸѵεɭ
̨ϣųϻڽ£̨£üͷšˡ
Ҷа
ƻûأ
ĵԥ֪Լòȥ
ȥɣҶһڶ򲻹ˣܴù𣬶ʿݽթȥȻޱȣѱ˵æˡ
ȥɣ־ò̹ѵҶȥ
ţųϰŵڸٵӣڸһٵӣ״ӱμ鲹롭
׳һԵϷŸ״ӣֻΪͲȥ˰ɡ
ȥĵĵӶںͽڣһǴȥͷ
ų΢Ц飬ȥʾ
˵ˣһȱķѣϼһżʲô
׳ϳ˳ӣתȥˡ
ڱչأֻų
ųһֱƤ߽ȥء
˭û״أֻҪһͻеڶԲɿڡ
׳޷ֻܶװһЩҩͽܣΣǧҪǿŻҪ
лʦ
µҩֳ䶨ĸо²þˡ
գһϷۣͷԼΪԲģԲ׾Ȼγһյأÿ˶ģ
ǰŵӴǽڣԶţΪڵš
ŵһ뵽Ǽ׳ϵ״ӣͺ޲öԶԶġ
˵׸˵һ⣬׳ϰ˳ɻǨŭû˱á
֮ܶȻûջסˣǾ鷳Զһ㡣
ǵһ㣬ûдչȥӡ
Сڣϰܴڵ׷Ӷǿòá
˴ͳŵ⣬ɢ޺ûӿ룬ɭһֱǽأǧδ̤㣬ĳ˵Ҳǧѷıء
Ҳζռӱɢ޺ɲʲôŽУɱ˶ᱦҲǸҵģ˸ŵӼʮһӣ䵥
ͲõӵˣΪһȥ˵
Ҳбҩڵ׳֦ӡ
Ͼд򶷾ͻҩڵȻΪͣ˼ҵҩడ
ֻǵ˽һ˼Ҿȥұҩڵˡ
Цˣ׸еҩҲûš
ڸսȥĵڴֻʣûӡ
ҲǴ˴Ψڵӡ
ӡ
˼ƮƮһ䵥˾ȻôûҶأ
ʱ֮˹ǲ
ĵɲǼҶȥ˻ʱ
һ˼Ⱥ֮ӣΪԭҶǱۣǰ䣬Դ˳ױһİ¹⡣
һǺܿͻŮɣǵŮСϦǸ޵Ů
֮ľ飬Ͳ֪ˣΪֻһ룬Ļûüʹˡ
Ϫڵӣ֮ڿĽ񣬻Ȼˡ
ǰҶѰ˻飬ǸҶߵĵӣԶԶƳһۡ
˷ôҩڵһ
ҩڵӣһ𣿡
ֱӵԼͼûйͣͬ⣬Ҳںĸš
Ҷ͸ϽԶ㣬˵Ҷܶ˴ˡ


19 
ҩڵӣ֮ڲ죬ѵԼǴˣ
ջ˼ǫѷд⣬ҽ֮ڣڵӡ
ӳɹ֪ΪûиŴ󲿶ߣɭΧ̽
·ϣô˵֮˰ǽޣóأ
ǼȻѾǶѣȻǶ˽˴˵ʵΪףʲôҲϡ
Ҳ㣬ҩޣóЩҩ
Сڣ¶ɭΪߵĽʿҲûģʦһЩҩ
һ׷ǱҪ¶
֮Ļûκ⣬ʾõǰ汣㣬˾Ҫͻȱâ˵
Ҳ¶ӣҪǶûз֮Ϊϲߡ
ĵ֪˭˭أȻ죬ܻΪĲ˵Ҳȳ˶ࡣ
ͷʾͬ⡣
֮ڼ״ǰһַŲͽߣҲ״𣿡
˵һӦòǡ
ɨ֮һۣųϵ״ӣأ
˵ûֲ״ӣԼִҪμġ
֮ڵĻҲ֤ʵ㣺˵ǽϵһûʲôԵ
Ҳ֪Լ̫ðˣգΪС
ٿʧٿͬŵıģѾ˾֪Ҳûʲôڵġ
̫ǿˡ
һ㵹ǺͽıϣҲǿ
ջġ
֮вͻƵڣŮԴһˡ
˵棬ֻ֮Ҳ˵Լ¼ڰοԼЦջҲġ
룬Ǳɶһ
ݲһ㣬ƫƫûõ׸ҶǳŻԵģ˭ķǣ
ؼһס
Ϊһ£֮Χ˴Ȧûʲô֣ӰûУǱһߡ
֮ڼɫأͣܣΪżߣջ񣬾ûԵܻųȥҲǼõġ
ĲɵصͷûżʲôԵżҶ
˵ܿͻҶŮ
Ҷأ
ãˣǰͻȻ
Ƕһۣ˹ȥȴûп̫
ԶһɫӰִ磬±ʿͷʿĴ
Ҷϲˡ
֮ؿһۡ
Ů޻٣Ҳ̲
񱾾ˣʱЦһ˫˱˶Ե࣬ݵ
֮ڰЦÿҶһÿ
һºɣһƿչ˶ø⾫¡
Ҷع΢΢һ㶣򵥽ʿΪΪ壬ǵĶأ֮ڶжҲ̫ðˡ
㽫Լ֮βΪӵ˵һ顣
ʵֻһ𣿡
ûᣬҸյҶߣԶһ㡣
֮һˣ޸죬ܷ׻ʵ˵춨Ůţȫвġ
ҶףĿڽ֮֮һأΣķòҪȥ
һɺ֮֮ͬ
ҶϪһͷˣ͵˼ǲɭֵġ
ԼôΪǻǱƣ¾Ͷ㣬̸ػš
ңϪ״ӣӦ
ڤڤУҶܾʲôٻ·һжʹ
һ£㲻һ𣿡
ʲô˼ҶҪж
˵õأҲĿģֻҪ¹ⲻһӦþͲᱻɥɡ
Ҷƽ޲ؿһҲá
еһ˿˲䱻𣬺޲ðԼϣͲöһ䡣
˵Ӱ첻󣬰¹Ȿʹӵġ
ӺҶڣǱ̽
ɫܿ찵Ѱһƽ̹ĵط͵
ҹɫŨЩ۱Ŀ֮ڣֿҹҶĬĬ˹ȥ
ҶŲתԼˡ
ߵߣͷ֮ڣҪ¸˵òҪõ
˼ǲ֮
Ҷˣֲ½硣
㽫ԼĴ˵˳֮ӣһЩ㣬ôΣգȻȥɣ
ȷҶ᲻Ӧֻһԡ
޷
Ϊһ£ʱǧˣû⵽ǰȥˣĸڳϺ͵ǱȻῴ
ҶϪȻ˳һ㣬˴⡣
ҶȻûдӦҧҧȡٹˣʱԲ֮ҹǻǲҪ֮һΪס
¹ôϵ
Ҷָ΢գָǰҿԻȥ
񣺡
Ͳֱ˵̰ˣҶҪϸ
ֱܲ˵Ǹİ¹⣬һ߻ɡ
С껹彣أ󻹲һɱðƻ
Ҳ˵ԼǴԽģ緢ֻһС˵ݣ˵ȥš
̾һŰɡ
ˣǳԱû¸ɡ
⵽¶֮ɫҶ΢
ΪΣΪλﻰ͸֮Զһ˼
֪뵽ʲôҶؿ˽һۣ
Զ̸֮ˣü


20 
˿磬뵽֮ǰھͽгҶֵһĻ֮һ顣
˵µӴ֮ʱϪڻʤǸӣΪԸȥ콣ڱţҩڣǸӾǽɡ
úִ𣬸һǸٳ޷ķﵥ
˵ȽЩΪġ
˵ҶʱǷŭֱӰţҲû뻺͹ϵĽ
ô˹ϵӡ
ûȰҶ޾ɵԭء
С״ԵǲҶദǸ֮ôоҶʶӣ
ʱȥҷǰûһֱڽߣԴҶ˻£Ҳ֪֮Ҷδ
۾͵֮ǰлԼ֮Ҷδ򣬲ڲˣѾ˻ˡ
ԭˣҶˡ
㶮ʲôˣ
СƶԴˣǾ鸴ȼ㲻аٲŬСϱҪɱ˼ҵˡ
񣺡
ǱǰԼľ飬УҶҵСϱ
СڲǣԺҲǣȻܲһӲưɣǰ˵ˣһαһηҿҶ־ǿҲŲ˼ˡ
ҡҡͷԺǸʲôƣҲȣûиҶһ𡣡
¹ǸģζһܻŻȥأЩ̫Զˡ
ңȻû飬ֱܷԼĸ飬Ҷû뷨
ûĶûЩ绨ѩµ¡
ֻǿȫأõػȥ
СΪ⣺֮ǰ˼˵ֻи²Ż˫/Ҷ˹ƣҲһһδεĺݸʲô
üһռˡ
һĿķǣһҲѡ
΢΢һǣ
Ȼ޹ظ飬ֻΪ˽ƣȻԽԽá
ʱСּ˰ѻ𣺡Ҷϴζæˣ˵һϹ֡
ȷʱǲ壬δǱ⡣
ô˵ͷȴһƬãȻ
һҶֻǵأһԼ븴أ
С֮жϵҾҶϽƣ̫ˣ´ԣ϶㡣
ǲǾܿӵĳˣ
ʹ̼
С˷ܲѣ񰡽һҪ
ԣҡ
۾Ҷ
ʱߵҶüͷ΢Ƹо˫۾ڱضԼ
¶ɫشʶȥ
ӭһרעߡ
ߵרע͸Ų֪̽һ˫ˮ峺䣬һӰ
Ҷ֪ڿԼ
ϸŽ飬˼
ǰγǰ֪ˡ
Խİ㣬Լйƣǰĺ̶ǸʵǰΡ

ֻһ䣺û¾ͺá
Ҷ񷽲Ƿ֮һ
뵽ĳֲ²⣬ͷɿػһ˿ӡ
ʱͨʲôƣһջߡ
Ҷþòƽ
΢¶
Ҷͷ˵Ͳе춯
գۼ䣬ǰʿһʱųʶȷ˶ԷΪ
𵤳ڣһڣá
Ҷͷߣסǡ
Ϊ׵ǸЦһʾ˷ֱס֮ڵȥ·ɱҵܵܰɣ˭ߡ
ҶʱףʿеĵܵܣӦɱ֮һ
ɭΪƣƽϵ˽룬Ҳ޷ʹѶǾǴ
ʱҶŸǵĴûмʱȷĶ
ʲô׷ٵλõĶˡ
ʿֻҶһ𵤳ڣʣŵӱƽ
Ϊ׵ʿȳ֣Ҷһ
֮ڽŵһ˶Ըһһӡ
˵ΪҲζŶԷΪϣ˵ڣǽڡ
ͽҲϺȣŻ߲Ҷûк֮ǡ
ɲɣ֮ϵǸڣǿ
û̫ģУҶҲʿ
ֱɵУ
ǱߣҶ͵˲£֮ţûĻᡣ
뵽Լ׷ʵսһµ˼
һ˼תԶȥ


21 
ʿ׷ᣬڲ죬Ů޵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʱǰ·ӵŮ޺Ȼͣ£תֱֱ
־һ׷ȥʿ㿪һоͲˣɴ˸Ůɢ
ʮ׷ļӳ£ڰʿ
׷ϽԶ˵㡣
ʿĽӵʶýȥ뼰ʱס
һ¡¡ıըýס˶䡣
ȿȿȣأ׷ըѬֱԣغűըӣĻʿӰӡ
СҲΣֱضӵûˡ
˸ģΪû壬ǿġ
ղʮö׷һըֱӾͰѽ𵤳ڵʿը˻ңͷ˿ûʣ
жϹȻûдʹԼ𵤺ڵΪҲܽ׷ġ
˵ţСųʶȥҶǱߵ
漴һãء
ΪҶΣգæùңȥˡ
ڲҲܷУֻһ㣬Сֱӷȥûٻص
һû뵽쳣˳ֻ̫ҶǱߣ˺¡
ȵϵʱ򣬾ͿʿѾСױƵĵݸҶ
񣺡üһ⹷ȵģˡ
ҶҡͷܾлȣⴢսƷؽҡ
С΢΢Ц˭˭ҵľǽģľģǽġ
ȿȿȣû°ɡæϣСѿڶһСϱ
СѴ׸񣺡û£Һüʱ
ʱ֮Ѿ˵أǸȥΧҶ
СΪڳΪߵˣһнǸڣֺҶָɵʣµһ
֮ں˲еģϽʦĵҩһƷԪݸ
ʦƷҩʦĵҩõģȫƷ
֮¸Ԫ泩֪ĵҩƷ֣ͣصлֿ֮Сꡣ
λѣл֮
ΪͣûСϵ
С겻С£ǸϽ뿪ɡ
׷ֳĶô󣬿϶ע⡣
Ҷͷ˵öԣ⸽챦ǷҪȥһ¡
ѽͼˣеѶ֣ϦԽСϦҲԸһССЦƣԭʧֻص˽彣
񣬺кܶ˳߹ǸϽߡСһص㴫ѵ
ľЩزС˵Լʲô
֮ҲľλСϦĵأ
ôգۼʧˣҶһϰΪҲԵģĬĬѹºģʶȤûѯʡ
Ҷһȥ챦ĶǰԶ
һǸ򣬻ع˵ĶǱըɣ
׷λá
Ҷͷǣһʮܼ
׽֮ҪôͻƣҪô챦
ߵ˴Ҳֻή¾ŵףʮ챦
ԣڵǻǱȥˣҾǴǱ߹ģû챦
ȷˣûʲô챦Ķ׷ıը
ҶĶ΢٣֪׷Ϊǲðգּ֮Щ˼
Ҳã뿪˴
챦ȻᣬǸսһսĶ٣һҲΪա
·ϣ˵ϰ˳ν챦֮ظȥ
Сıܿ˸Ƨλã͵صϢ
۷ֱĿϢҶ֮ڣĴС꣺С˵СXiĸXi
ɣ
ϦϦҵֶġ
㱣ʲô
֮ڵŮһСϦŮʶȡ
ԭеݣȷϵ
С꾪ϲϣֻǾβһֲҡ
һɣûãӦˡ
һ˲СԷģǲǱȺˡ
΢飬ͦġ
֮ˣСŮ
˵ȰɡС겻Ϊ⣬һȵ¡
СŮʵʵҳ֮⣬б𣿡
һһŮټһİ¹⡣
˵ûбݣԼš


22 
һңôλΧţֻǸСڻң
ôҲǸҪŮɣû°
㲻СʶҲǵ㻹ʲôݰ
ĬȻðɣһСڻңԺľûϷݡ
ΪԽԭû¾鷢˸ı䣬ԺܶźͿݲһˡ
ǸС֮ô
̣ûסʳ˿ڡ
С֮ڵ춨ŮĪģһԼˮСײҪ˵ôѹס
Ѳʵ谭Ůһķɣ
ɡ

ǲðϹ˵츳СΪӡȱԲ
֮һûӡûȱΪô;˵ȥˡ
˳޶ۣ˷ĵ
֮ڣɫ
Ůĵһӡզأôһģ
Լʱôû㣬Ҫǿ־ͺˡ
ҶϢ꣬۾Ϳȫעض֮ڣȶıӰʱҪѱ档
ؿ˽һۣ۲ܡ
֮Ҳ۾Ѿǰʱˡ
һҲȥû챦һһء
֮ûԼðĿģΪ˻Ե
Ҷһֱۣ෴ķߣҾǴǱ߻ģûп챦ҽ黹Ǳһˡ
ʲôֻһ׷ըĴӡ
ҶȴжԼ̬ȡ
˽Ĳӡ
˲̰ģвһѾʧȥȻʱȥʲôˡ
֮û
ˣΪ׵ҶڣȻҶӽǸûлȨġ
˭ԼΪָͣŽĵҩ
ǰ沢ߵӰ֮ڵ̾һȥ
˵öԣʶʱΪܡ
˴Ϊ˽ɱʿҲΪѰһԵΣҲлᡣ
ҶŽ֮ڵΪȥڼСŷġ
СΪߣҲǽ𵤺ڣɭΪߵ֮һ
ûġ
ʶУͬҪ֮ڡ
ҶԼһߣﴽ¹⻹ӣûгŴȥ
˳ɭ̽ȥһ·϶ûˣԽԽž
Ҷɨܣͣ½ŲЩԾ
˵ŵӶ챦ȥˣЩʿܲҲȥ˰ɡ
һɢ޺壬ɭôˣһ
û쳣ڽСҲûʲôиŵ㣬ǾȰ
ȻҶ˵Ծˣͷǰ߾Ͳòˡ
Ȼǻ򣿡
Ҷͷһ˲΢ȡ
䣬ٳ龯ضŽȡ
ͷôˣ
ֻϲ֪ʱһֵĺߣϸ
ѪɫڽϣϣѾϥǵλá
󾪣ʲô
˵һ룬Ǻ͵رѽ˸Լٶȥ
Ҷ
֮£ѿڶҶ֣ĿҲֱֱǵ׷İɫӰ
ɺߵٶ̫죬ǼϢ֮䣬Ҷʧȥ˽ټ
񣡡
Ҷֱǰ׷ﻹӰ
úһ˾ôǰˡ
֮һϵû°ɣ
Ҷüųʶ̽ȥȴûκη֡
űָսͷҡ
֮ȻһĸҵжҶô˵ˣҲ÷ֻͷһȥ
ȥأ
ǵһɽУȻϣȴ
ҲСС𣿡
Ǹ󿴡
СЩ֣ڲ
Ӳתǰĳŵʧ
ֻ׹վһͷƵʬɽǺ
Ϊ׵Ǿ߰׹Ƕͷһ죬ݹϲһߣεεСˣ˿ˣҵĵ°ɡ
侲С꣺ЩˣǣЩ׹ǣù𣿡
Ѳ׹ǾˣһѶѵİ׹Ǿ
СԼʶҴ򲻹Щ׹Ǽǽ𵤺Ϊ֪ζۼڴ˴
һ𵤺ڻܴ뿪һѣ𵤺ڰ
񻺻ȭһѽ𵤺ڣأ
ԭûһ簡
ǡҵ׷ըù𣿡ŵ˵İˡ
˵ûϢûֱιȥͲˡ


23 
ⳡʵеֲˡ
Сһԣ׷ͦģ𵤺Ҳը
ʱװʲôУʵʵ˵Ͻӡ
𵤺ȷʵӲס׷
԰ŵӴ
һͿͷΪ׵Ǽ߰׹ǵۿ۾İ׹ۿնûһ㣬¶͡
СˣԽҰ׹ǷˣھͽΪ˫/ޣ㿴ô
׹Ƿ˽Цһݹָһջأɭֳѷ죬ǧߡ
ǸûƭȻ壬ܣݷôòų֡
ҿ˵Ͱʣµ׷׹Ƿȥ
ҿɢ
СҲ׷̣ڽî˾Ϸɡ
ը죬ǰɭֶö˶
ʮһ׷һҲûȫ˳ȥ
ӻص棬СҲûַͣòͣ
Щ׹Ǻû׷׷ܶɹǻҲ˵
СҪͷɵľˡ
Ҳ£û׷ͺãǸϽȥҶϡ
̫ˣ
ǻصɢλãȴûмҶ֮ڣǿŵӶһ򼱸ϡ
˰죬һˣʦ֣ǶȥĶ
ļǽһͣǰɽ챦ҶȥѰأ㡭㻹Ǳȥˡ
˵ί񣬽һȥ˾
ҲԼһϪڵӣ˶ȥʵûл챦ǻų롣
˵䣬Ĵͣ뿪
ĵ׺Ǻǣʲô챦ӻࡣ

С˵ҶҲң᲻ҲȥǸɽȣ
Сû˵˼ѹû㣬ǲȥģҲЪ˼
¶ɣһҶȥǸɽأ
׷˰ɣҪѶһ£СͼͷһɽҰİ׹Ǿľս
ֱ˺
ĵǰʦ˵˴Ѷﲻã׷ϻʮŰɡ
С񱻲βһе㶼͸ˣ׷⡣
Ųưء
ﲻӰв²Ҷû˳ɻȥǸɽȡ
뵽С֮ڵ춨Ůɵ֮ӦúҶһȥǸɽȣǻΣա
ô˵ȴûʲôס
ʵڿСжģʲôһ飬ʲôȣʲô׹ػ𣬲дƭ˵İɡ
ţСһ㶣˼
ѵ˵Ҷ֮ھ鸴ȼͦΣյġ
ܱСϱҪ˹֮һ£С̾ȥȥɣ˵ˣԶһ㣬Ծ͸Ͻܡ
СӦˣȴЩӦùһӰ
ȻûȫģһʣŮȡ
ΰŮȻһΣվͲˡ
ɫѡûס²һ䡣
С꣺
ɫѣ
ɫ˭˭Сֻˣ
ʱɫѾϵʱɽϷѾΧˡ
оɭֵ˶ˣѹѹƬ
Ĭûдɱɱ۾Źȵס
ĶǺε챦ϴȥˣûţôո֡
ÿ˶ĵ״⣬໥䱸ţ˭Ҳҵһȥȵס
վȺ棬СųʶҶ
Ƭ̺ԺСҶ֮ϪڵǸյȰ㻹ǸϽܰɡ
һЩ׹Ǿ
ţٻһûɻңǧ߰׹أ
Ǵôߣɨ޶ԵˣΪ⡣
ȻɭֵһڵӣܷųʶҲһǽڵӣӦСһ˹ȵ׵İ׹Ǿ
Сǵű˵ڻңԼȥȵ׼©챦ء
Щ׹ǾǽڣҲ̫˰ɡһߺС꽻ţһѸٴȺȥ
ϽҶܣʲô챦ǿӡ
Сϳɵظпһ䣺Ʋİ
챦ͻԵ˵Ƿһ׷ĲƲð̰ԵĴ
˭Ǹ˶˭żܡ
⣬ûԸΥˡ
˿Ƶģһ䣺̰Ĳ
ϪڵӵķڿҶһϲӿ˽Ų
ǧӶΧʵӵ
ȥĶء￴ͷǰĽ񣬵˸к
ʵ˼Žúͽһж
ʱŵԶţһʱԥûվ


24 
ϾգҲ±Ϻȣ֮ܺԡ
ֿĶһһ½ĻռϷ硣
żȥҶȵ׵İ׹ǾҪˣûʱ䵢ˡ
˵ģȥˡ
ǣһ䣺ϴˡҴǰߡ
ššü˿ĬĬ͡
ĿӰճֽţһ˿̾ģҪҪȥŽأ
ȻûиʱȥԥܿȺӰ
񣬿죬Ҫˡ
СߴȺͻȻһɧ
̼䣬Ұڵһ㣬ڵӾûôˡ
ΪڻûпʶǱͲ֪ȵа׹ǾҶǽڣһʼ·磬˿̼ϵ⡣
ҶϵϪڵӣȫ롣
Ѱҽ·ϣΪ׵ϪڵӣŽпߣ㱧һ˿Ѱ˹
֪һųʶûҵӰӣͷ沼˳ɾİ׹ǣǽڡ
Ҷ֪ϪڵӴڣûһս֮㼱æԸҳ룬ȴˡ
ۿųȺİ׹ӿִǰ档
ģߣ
ĽͰ͵߲ˡ
Ұİ׹Ǿһ־ͰʿΧȦл뿪
ϪڵӼ״׷׳Ҷ£һĵӾ۵һﶼͬһͷ
ˣ
ҶûкڵһֻԼսΪԼϪڵӲܡ
ʱһʵ
Ҷ
Ҷ̧üȥ˼֮Ľ
㡭
Ҷ˵ӦС껤ŸϽȴ־˵ʲôǶġ
ΪѾǰ
ִʲôû˵Ѿ˵ʲô
һŨҵѪ
ڵӶڣأڵӵ΢ЩЩŵӻó˻ʱûʲôΣա
ЩûлĵӾͲˣ׹ȺΧˡ
ҽڷµĵǿľȴҿȡ
ʵǷûĽޣ콣ڵϯ÷÷ʦ֡
ĻǱɡɡסʮˡ
ڸӣ÷룬ѡס˺һ콣ڽڵӡ
һʮӣĪ
ҶҲ常ĻϽֵܻסˣ޷ѡ
鼱֮£ģѽһƣϽ֡
Ϫϯģ񣬻ˣо֮ڡ
ҶһƣɫС֣ûعͱ֮ڳס䡣
㿴
ʲôܿȥԡ
ָָ֮׷ŵŰɱİ׹ȺЩ׹ǺԶܿ
˵ܿϪڵڵλá
΢㶣ǣϪڵӵλΪԲģԼʮ׾һ߰׹ǿγһȫȦ
ʲôѵΪŮ
뵽ֿܣæڵϪǰȫġ
ǲҽУĻ
һ߳ȥҶ˵һ¡
Ҷ˼ˣͬŵӣܶౣһһ
ͽһۣȥԸߺϪް׹ǽҿ졭
񡭡

Ǻһ仰Ϫڵӱ㾪ִΪЩ׹ŵʵһͻȻϪڵΧȥ
Ҷ󾪣æعȥ
Ͻ֡
Ҷʶؿڣ˵һ룬ǰ龰
ΪǵķأЩ׹ǾȻ˿ˡ
ϪڵӼ׹ȺתȥѰұĿ꣬ɴ󺰣ǲҪԶ
Զ׼׹ǾҶȥΧΪǵķ˿
֮Щ׹ɵҪôǽҪôҶ
һ˶¾ˣζŰȫ
ҶϪڵӵԡ
˼ǲ۷ǹһĻ
ߵȫȦԵϪް׹ǽ˴Ұȫλ
Ҷȷ׹ɵ˲ԼΪڽ֮ǰЩ׹ǲûбϪڵλá
ڽ֮Ϫڵڵλòų˰ȫ֮ء
Ҳ˵Ǹ׹Ǿɵˡ
ļӳ쳹ɽܣҶҴ߼ϪǱȷʵûа׹ǿԥض˹ȥ
ԽԽ˼룬ԭֻһϪڵӵѸ䵽ˣҵս˲ͣ
ҹĻ
ССʮ£ʬصսþԡ


25 
һ߾ۿնİ׹ȴûаſڵϿпѪ⣬ɭȻɲ
ʱˣͲס棬ϪڵӣЩ׹ô˴
ŵӷ׷ײĿ˶䡣
ʵϪڵһġԡԾؿҶͽıӰûпڡ
˳߿ȥҶϣû˻ΪӻǵǽֻϪڵʲô֮ð׹޷
Ĳ״ĴС꣺СЩ׹Ϊң
С룬²ǼסϢ
ס˽һ֣ʮ׷Ѱİ׹Ǿը˻ңǵ׹ǷҲû⡣
־ıЩ׹ǲҿŵϢλá
Сδ֮ԣøˣ
Щ׹֪һ׷ʣˡ
һ뵽ͷƤ顣
뵽ʲôӵʣΪ׷ǲǾûˣ
ŵӾۼ˴Ϊ챦û׷ôǲǾͲ
Сƶϵɭַǧ꣬Щ׹ŵ㳲ըһ룬ǵ׹ǷˣǺ£Ȼ군ˡ
һֲ²û˵λ׹ǷڵŽ仹뾡뽭˫/ޣȻ֪׹Ƿ˵ľĿʲô׹Ⱥǳ£һʱһʱˡ
뵽С˼⡣
Ǹ׹Ƿ˺ǧ׹ǾǧڰֱɭֵİôͶ˽أ
ҹĿжȹ˵ڶհ׹ȺǳԱˣ½عȵס
ΪҪȥʱͻ
ֻһź۵˴ӰƮ䣬ڵϻʲô
ãʿ
Щ׹ǻ
˽ʿĶĵ׻ֲ̿
˵ĲǾȣΪǸеıʷ޹ǣպ֮īѪ
ѵǷʦ
̫ɽǿ̣˻߿գдʣΪţΪۣ׹𡣡
ǧӻĲҪʣµ¾
š³ڣ׹Ⱥܵٻһ㣬ѸټʼҪع
ϪڸҲ߰׹̽ſ
ڣа׹Ա𵤣ʼзƣ˵Ŀٴ
״æС꣺СЩ׹ٿӳ׷ٱ֤ǰȫġ
Сûһ߰׹̽ǰʱ򣬻һö׷û/¶λá
ȻıըǾ߰׹Ǿըûҷøںļ߰׹ǲǰ
ףף첻ҵȰеʹ飬ҹչݣ·ȵ˾һ㡣
׺ǴİɡҲеСֹҶķ򣬶λֶΡ
Ҷɨ˽һۣеĲ²˵ء
ۿм߰׹Աڶƣĵգۼɥ
սе彣С׷ʣö˴ֻʱ⡣
ʱһߵߣҶ䱸
æ֣ǱţҲʲôˣޣϷǻˡ
˵ţֱҶҶŪİɣը׹ûãըǸʿá
ָָ߿еĺˡ
Ҷüţ֪һ𣬿»ǳҪ鷳
ڴ˴סϪڵӣӦæܡ
߼ҶĵЩ׹ΪأǸʿֻۣҪǾûˡ
һ;鲻¹ӣ⻰ʲô
ȻҶֱִӷϣЩ׹Ǳӵ׷ȥڿ˵ʱ
ҶȻ޵ŵӦ²˼Ρ
ضҪðգʲá
߿УҶźһ̳ȴεϵ˻
߼״ߺһɢԣֻҪһ˲Ųͳˡ
Ļ£Сʱһö׷ȴֻһ£ɱ۾С
߰һͣûˡ
ۼҶýϣȴûκãĵ׽ƲѣСʣµİ׷ȥûлᡣ
ò󣬵֮ȴҶ뿪ɡ
뿪΢׹Ǽɵ׷ˣЩӻл·
С̾Ҹղ׷ʱע⵽һ飬㿴
Ȼ̧ͷסһ룬¶Բ£·ʱԳȫò
ֻŰ׹Ǿ£һˣԲ֮ҹ


26 
Ӳջ, ʲô©ƫҹꣿ
ǣ
عϽһźɫҩ裬ѹסԼı˵, Ȼһôйƣ³ܽ⡣
ǲ군ˡ
²ۣԲ֮ҹҲ̫˵㣬û¸ԲʲôԲҲұ⼸졣
СصҪˣԲһȫ¶ҶƱᷢ, ʱҶô룬Ҷ뿪
ῴһ𳤴Сɥڴˣʣµİ׷㹻ס׹Ⱥȫ
Ҳ֪, ̧ͷҹ, ûκα仯, ֻ¶, ڿϷһ㡣
ȵϷɢŻƺ߳û̵ս
˶, ҶǸˣİٶ˵ڽĳ˲䡣
ս彣һдĵ, Щʲôȴֲ֪, ֻҲҶͣϵĶ
ҶľʱֻҪ׹Ⱥɢҵķᱻƣ׷һžͻһš
ָ΢ԼĴ
СʱͿͼ뵱ڻ㻹ʣƤ
һ٣뷨ʣƤͻʮţЩ׹ûмվһ𣬿ը١
һٶƤѾеʯ֪ǽʯҲҪ໭
ǧ֪˵ʲôˡ
С֪ǱˮнΪҶȡһЩʱ䡣
СĬһ˲ҶߣϪڵӣЩνͳŵĵӣ⡣֪Լʲô𣿡
׽ΪҪϣ˵ΪԼСϱֱӴҶһ߰
Ϊ˾Щߣðôʲô
΢΢ҡͷС뾡һԡ
ûнʲôСδ֮ԡ
һô
ðɣΪЩ£ˡ
ǽµģŨ֮ˣˣɽٵ׶һЩ֮Ȼ
С̾:ȷǸʿۣЩ׹ǾͻʧȥָӣԶɢȥʵи취ԣ
һϲʲô취
С˵֮ǰǸչĻ߳ŽλСѣϷûƴܳЩɡ
÷ûܻӰ죬Ҷʲôȥ硣
һЩãȻǰ߳ϽֵķΧߵߡ
һԵϪڵӺ֮ҲߵĻ
֮ڼ״ǰȴɫĹĻ˻
߼²ⱻ֤ʵ̽ʿĻҲǷϷϲСֱӹΪ۵ʿǴ˷ЩðգϷ飬Ů޸񣬿϶¡
ԣС꣺С˵İ취Ҳ𣿡
ǣƶҪ壬ΪʣһӱƳ棬䲻֪ıʲô㲻ЩӰʵԼɣٲҴ߻ûġ
С˶٣ֵͷãҲһ˽𵤺ڷֺҰӡҪˣһӡܾͲزסˣҩҲδٽ㣬Ӱ첻󣬴ǲŻˣѵ㹦¡
ššüߣλǰȷֻҪǸʿһ£۾ˣ
˾񣬻ָ췢ĵϷԣûڲƭ㣬˷ʿۣЩ׹ǿſ£ʵûжǣһ˿ƣԻٽҡ
˵ʵ׹ŵһʼΪڵӲԱ޻
׹ȺֹƷ֮Ҳȷʵȥļ󣬲ûϧԱӡ
Ȼǲ࣬ҲǺ»ҷġ
ղԥֱźӷȥ
Сġ֮ſڣȴҲֻ˵ôһ仰
߿УҶǰüĿ˳ȥ
һڶƵϣʲô취
ֱԣа취Ȼȥа׹ǽһ׷
˵ţ֣Сʣµİ׷˳
һߣϪڵ֮ؾͲȫˣҶɫ΢䣬һ۾ٶԡ
ӹ׷ص档
עĿ֮£߲Ժ˵Ļֱֱ֮ź˻ӳһ
ȴֻһ綯û˺˷ֺ
һĬ֪ûбİ취ˣ㴫С꣺ϵķӡɡ
©ˡ
棬˼ûŲֺһĵ׷궿/ˡ
أ˾쿴ͻˡ
ֻͷۣΪͻ֮ס
̲סϣǽΪڣǲǾܶˡ
ܿ죬ǾһϣжʧжΪֻǴͻƵڡ
Ϊˣûʲôãڸ˲𵤺ڡ
ͬڵӵĻ䣬һЩڵӵз׷֮ɫͻ֮ϵϢˣǡ

߿УСΪӡ츳治аֻͻƵڣӦÿԼıˣֻ취ˡ
İ취ý񷢶ܣơ
𵤺ڻʲôΪƱ˵˿ˣ̩ɽҲɽʯѡ
΢ʹԼıܷʦͨһŨֱֱźӿȥȫ壬һ˿һûʣ¡
ü۾
ͣ˫Ŀ죬³һѪȻѹ¡
ϵİ׹ʱһָ㲻Ա𵤹һɢɳ
ˣ
ȽˣǰĺͻȻס
ŮˣҪŮˣҪȫ̼ƻŮ˸ۡ
µ彣ȴԤϵһ㣬ֱӴ̳Ʒֺںˡ
˼ȥҧҧתߡ
Ů޵彣ΣȻһλ𵤺ʿʵһ
˿ĸ꣬ﲻȣһεĿ鲼ȫǧֻҧս
ߣ񳹵һתصҶߡ
ȴڵӻվԭ֮⣬˾Ȼںˡ
˽ݡ

ҵ޵֮ˣ岻
һݰͳıΪΣ
һʣóʱ
Ҷ򴽣˽еıΣðΣվǡ
һ̣ޱȸӡ
ԾˣЩŵӵһʱĲǸлʣǵжԡ
޵ĵ
ʱһҶô˵֪֪飬Ȼ˻һ𣬼ֱ֪ν
ô룬ȴûٳˣϾλٳףǰ׹Ǿɵڣ׹Ⱥûɢء
ǿûл
ԭڽӡ֮ʱİ׹ŲϢ½˴Ҷӳ׷
ΪҶתĶߵóҶٳ׵Ľۡ
ˣҲı䲻ʵңҶٳףΪλ׾һЩ׹ǡ
Ĭ֮У콣ڵ÷ɡ콣ڵӿ£
ڷʮһϢĹϪڵ֮ؾͲõıˡ
ǣ÷ʦ˵е
Ҷ㻹кλ˵
÷콣ڵӳͣ߰·վһƲʲôаһ
ٴν֡
Ҷƽһ⣬Ծתͷȥ
ĵġ
ɫǲԼ˻𱨡
Ѿ¶˴ߣ˷ʱˡ
еĽĮô˵ǿ𣬻˵һܣ
ʹ˵ֻԼԵ޴
÷һұԳΪΣҲ֮ˣȾ˴ңձ㲻Ϊѣȥǡ
д⣬Ҷȥ
Ҷ⣬̧Ų
÷ֱüһ£Ҷߡ
ҶˣЩ׹۷ô죬ǻôأİɡɻ¡
Ҷûֱߵ˽ߡ
÷״ȥΪ׵콣ڵѸγһΧȦضŽҶ
ҪЦˣЩòȻŵӣ浱ûƢǰɡ
ҶʣҶҪһ𣿡
ǰ¹ҲЩνʿ뷨һ͵ԼӽˮʲôƷģǸá
Ҷû˵ֻűֳһ粢վ
ͽһߡ
ҪǷǣǳͶơ
ϹäպںţԳȴƶ񲻷֣塣
÷Ĭһ˲ִ𳤽ˡ
֮İٶˣҶѻʯ
֮ʱߺٺһЦƵҶ󣺡Ϸһˡ
Ⱥӱ¿˰ɣҶٳףһ¾Ͱѽڰ׹ǾըɻҵףûлԱӡ
ҶٲˣҲð׹ǾҽĴڡ
ҶߣֻҪԶʮףǰ׹ǾЩ˺һˡ
Ҳ㰳ţһʲôЩ˵ϵɱأƨ
˵⻰ǿҩڲţƣ˵úʵڵᣬҩɳʮޣͻһɲ
ֻһͷš
ҶЩ׹Ⱥ϶ɱЩ߸ϵŵӻᱣ
ЦˣǵĻԼ˶˶١
ңˡ֮ڼᶨߵߣǾ仰ʶʱΪܣǲҶͽ񣬰׹ǾһצӾ
ǣϪڵ׷һӦϪڵӶ
Ҳһ
׻˻֣첽ܵ󣬺滹Ҵҩڵӡ
ҩް£ţҩڵģ߹صģǲ¡
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Ҳ뿪˵
УհʱʲôϾͶˡ
Ƭ̵Ĺͳת÷ֻʣʮ콣ڵӣʮڵӡ
Ƕ棬Ҷͽİŵӡ
ΰ׹֮٣ǧ߾ͻİٶݷˡ
񣬷һڰӡȺ־ֵˡС˷ܣֱѡĸо
Ц⣬Ҳôá
ת÷Ťһ£ҧҧЩ˾ȻһΪΪڵӣз
ǰзߡظһĻߡ
ҪϽ뿪ɽȣź˷ֵ𣬲Ȼϵôסˡ
һ·ɭֱԵķԶɽȣͣ
λֻҪȥǸɽȣӦþͲ׹Ⱥжʮ죬иĻԵǾʹɢɡ
ô˵ڵȱ˱ȭڵˡ
ҩڵҲǣ׺ţԥһ£ǸҩڵĶ顣
ĲȥҶǣ
Ҷ뷨ǻŰɣ常͵𣬾˵ҵķԸμл
ĵ״ϲǣ㱣ء
ϪڵӶڣʵˣǰʲôԵܻŻȥٺòˡ
һϪڵǰɵӲ£ǿˣھڻҡ
ûڵڵӼϪȫԱŻȥѾˡ
󣬳ֻʣ½Ҷ֮ںǸߡ
֮ڲȽ񿪿ڣ̬ǱһӣҶʦξңģҲģΣգǲùңƴҲᱨǵľ֮
񣺡ɲأԶˡ
뵽Ůһͻ׻ˣʱûаѻ˵˵ʱܿ㣬ܲͰΣһʡ¡
һС֮ڵ춨ŮҪȣؼкüλ֪δţֻѣԴ֮ڵ뷨ھΡ
СӼȻɢô
ͬһ
Цλ֪Ϸ峤ϡ
˶һۣĬҡͷ峤ϣû
׳ϼַӦɫЩ뵱εȷ⣬䵽С֪ѲⰡ
׳ϾͽԼԴǧǰ½ܴ½֮Ҳйͨģܴ½ָ˽硣
ЧңҲڵӽ磬һλһͳ磬Ϊ֮
ֻλ˵ĲͷɣҲʹͷ˽糹׳׸
׳ϸ̾Ϸˣռϰ󷨣֪İͨҼ룬ǲġ
ɲûõˣʹء
˶죬ϻһ˵õȮ졯
׳֪ˣػࡣ
׳һƺ˵󷨣ָԼĹؼĻһ롣
ҶѯʣҪ˼
Ҷ΢΢ͷ׳Ϻһǽ𵤳Ϊбı£
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˵գסҶߣٲߣûʱˣֻʣһû¶ˡ
ҶĿ䣬˳ָ΢΢͸һֽƣǼڴ뿪
һɣ˱˳ӵظŽߡ
׳һԵϵܣô˻쵽һġ
ǿ˷Ƿô۵һġ
Ҫ֪˼궼ûһ֮ˣһʵǺ氡
֮ŽҶһıӰûп
׳ҲΣӻͳƬ·ӵСף͵ռ
СӸ˭˦ɫأ˵Լ㡣
ǱߣҶԶЩ˲ɿ֣Բ֮ҹ
Ҷ仰ķӦһʶ̧ͷֻʣһϸû¶
ԾüԽڴܿ
ô룬ȴЩʳڡ
޷ѹһҶ񣬿ʼĿϢƽʵĵ׷ҳ顣
Ƥ΢ѹһʣµİ/أ
ҪѹƵסżϻ
ûк̶ǻʵ۲̫༱
֮˶ӣҲܷ˫ޣզ
ڽ鼬ֵʱٶһֶ㵽֮һβͶûʣ
񣺡
ô죬ô졣
ҶҲƲ춯ۿ˿죬ֿ

üģ𣿡
ҶĬ˽ķ
һȻӦڴ˴ңȥȥ
ǲ󣬵˶
ղǸ׳˵ʲôţȻռҹӦǻİɡ
صŷֿĵطֱߵڵϵ׳ǰ
׳ֺǺǲµСϷΪ㲷ԣ


27 
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һĥʵ׳ǷԲ֮ҹ, Բ¿ɻ¶ȫò
򵥣Ϸָһ㡣׳ϻΪǶѵأǹһ¡
ϵĹףüۺЦر۾˫ַɿض
Ƭֶ̣任ͣƣ۵˲䣬æʵн𣿡
׳ɫһϷָһ㡣
˸, ӵȴ
ȵ۳ǶˣȵҶѾԭ·أ׳ϻû۾
֮ڼ״̿ҿ¶ȫòˡ
ʲôδ֪, ҡײƭࡣ
, ûס׳, Ҫָã㲻ɣ
ǰצҲðָ˰ɡ
׳۾ϷԲ֮ҹ, ЩΪһԲ֮ҹ
̲סЦˣ𣿡
ĻţŹ֣
׳վ۵Բȱ, ʮ֮˾ţԽ֮ҹѼԲ¡
һЦ⣺, ¸Բ֮ҹʲôʱ𣿡
ܲ˵ص㡣
ָһ˵ѧ, ⶼʲôɶѡ
׳Цеضһ䣺ʮʮԲ
Ǻǣһˣ⻰˭֪
׳ϼǲţСǲϷı£ʣϷͨţɲ˵
Сﲻϰףռôá
ʵ˵˵֮ǰԼΪ۵ʿ޵ʲô
ĺš
׳ٴϯضӳ˼Ƭףдʵޣҩ޶ޣҲ󷨣ǺϷһޣգôֵѲʧѾõķ֮࣬󷨣
ͷһޣ˵ʦ
أ׳ƺɶˣǸ˻ʱõ޹ǣպѪʦǱо֮һ¡
СѵԲ֮ҹ
ʮʮԲȷʵ˵
ɫòͣҶ׳ϵ߶ǰ֪ٳף
֪ǽЩΪٳס
֮Ҳ׷һ䣺ǰ֪ϵΪγٳ޷𣿡
ֱ֣߳ǣľˮ
ֺ֮ı쵥Ҳѳһ
֮ʵǲףϵһ´δиô˻
׳΢飬ڵ԰꣬ϷҪռһмǲҪ͵Ͳ׼ˡ
˵գԶܣֱ뿪˵ߣŴӴóһ񷭡
ЩùˣٷһҲĴҡ
κ׳Ͽյشͷô˵ʣ
ⲻΪ˼
һĶ֪ϰס
׳ϷδƷأλСѵ⣬Ϸﶼˡ
߽ע˵
׳һλ󲻿ԣ죬˳Դ
ƣⲻЩɣ
ʲôأǸ˵ɡ
׳ϸĪźӣϷȻ֪غй¶
㲻զذɣܸܲ߰ɡ
񣺡ǹɡ
Ҷǰû
֮ڣȻͲñϣ
׳һ˿ΣתȥܿǵߣϷλĻԵǳɡ
Ȼа׹ȺǾȥ߰ɣ죬ȥĸ򶼲£֮ǰ߾ˡ
Ҷһۣû飬ȥ
֮죬ûûζرϣôͲȻûҲ̫ˡ
˸ǰɡ
һ˽س˴죬̫Ѿߣ̫ɽʱ򣬶պȻϼ죬
ɫϼһûȾĳӶӶǰϼԶһֻͷצ
׳ϴ˴ӣ㵸Ϸ˵ǵĻԵɣϼ飬챦֣챦
Ҷתͷһ۽Ŵ
ҡͷεûһϵֲ֣˵Ҳʲôϼ찡챦
Ҷõ𰸣ĬĬס˽ֻ֣һ˲ֿɿ׳׷ȥ
̯֣ʣµö׷
С굱Եҵ׷ǻˣһΪҶҪ͵͵ء
ýҪû˼ڡ
ýСϱΪ֪ͦԭ
ĵ׷ʧ֪Сˣϡ
ֻ±ӵĿ֮ڡ
֮˼˷š
ԲŰʲôҶŭʲôڣʲô㻺͹ϵ
˹ϵõö͵͵ǣСˡ
ŽıӰԺü۴Ц¶ϲӣЩζ
˵ģΪҶ
֮۾޲ֻۣһ
˿޵ļ¶Ÿճһͷͱѹסֻ
ǰδӵĽѵмһԵĵӣһˣζûż
ȸϵֻнһˡ
ϼɢȥֹ
֮ϣϼָλֻɺ¡
棬һ귺Ĺɫ
ɺ죬Ĳһѩףһ淺ңµλ̻ɫ
ϸݳ̬ŵͷģ͸µơ
ǰף𵤺Ϊޣ챦ػˡ׳ĿƵضŰףȴ
ֻǽ𵤺ڣҶǽ𵤳ڣҶףʱԵش£ҶȥȹϷ챦
ڽ֮ڣСȻ죬ڽǰﲻæŷھˣϷֵʱȻҪ档
²˳٣ٲ֣͸ˡ
Ѱ˼һ׳ϿҶĴҶѣֶԸֻмʤ㡣
Ҷҡͷǽ𵤺ڣֻûʤ㡣
׳ϼҡͷҲģ̽㻹ٳס
ҶԾҡͷѰ챦ΣգѾ׷ˡ
׳͸žӴһ£Ĳһ
˻׳ϻ˸ԣ֮ڴȻ¶ͷܣһֱܵǳǣģҪ챦׷ģŻһ£ֻҪôһ£ϷҶѾл͵챦𣿡
ͷɽ
׷С꣬ⲻ
֮ɫΪѣףҲ̫ð˰ɣһ׷ǲأ
Ļ
ҶҲӦýȥð˿ǲŸС֡
Ҷû˿ɣֻ֣ȥɡ
֮ڣ
Ϫڵ֮ӣ˵Ǹɴࡣ
ô֣ԥسŰȥ֮ҧҧͷϣƴˡ
ױͻȻ˾ȻɣֻǺﲻԣ򲻶ԡ
ôûȥ׷֮ڣһ෴ķˣ
Ǳ׻ŵɫףȻԼԹԵز˽Ľϡ
׳ϣ
Ҳ˵õĲһ
챦֣ҲûӰӣסȥ׳ϺҶõɽ
ܣҪˡ׳ϵͺһͷߡ
ĸľطԶȷû˷ǣ˸ɽ˽ȥ
ڣ˵߶ڽϣ˼˵֪챦أóʲô
ԼտյĽƽ޲쳹Ժ˼ӿ
СУʲôңŲһ׺ҶӶʣһƬ
ұϢʺҽͬҿֲϽѪҡ
һŮںСԻȻν챦Գֲ
ޣӲҲͬʲôأࡣ
СҲɵݼȻ챦ӦʲôֲͬζͬһӲˣզͬ⡣
ĺֲ꣬ĸ
ȥĸҪأȥұ˰СǿˣӲݿ϶ʲôȲѵɲȻĻȺ¡
ԺȥԼ˸ףֲ˳ŮĻԵԲŻĽΪСµĽ
ǣô
̧ͷӲͷƤǸ˵Ҳ֪ô£ǸȻʧˣ𣿡
׳Ϻһֱ̣ɣ


28 
šҶ侲, Ļģ챦б䡣
Ѳ챦, ˽˵ܲܵ˵ɡ
һ̣ҶǰУƫŵˡ
Ҳĸأ˭ҲԵһͬʡ
ʥˣҲǲľƫġ
Ҳš֮ڽ˵ŵȻǼٻ
ǰĥ, 챦϶Ǳˣʱ׷Ҳûʲô塣
ƽ񽻳챦Ҳֻܸһˣ˭
ܲĸһòݶɶɣһһذɡ
۳ҶѾվ˽һ, ˳ˮ, ˿Ŷͦ, ´˵ͻˡ
λ, ϶òǾ͸ܱˡ
֮УλñȽҶҪԶ
׳ϼô, ˲аϰ׾ˣô۸˼ء
ɵƬ, εس˳ӣϷҲ˰ɣ´лԵ, ϷҪͷһݡ
˫޳ɣû
׳ǳ˳飬Сޣ潲㵹ھͰ챦
Σ˴һ£ǾͰɡ
ֻ֮ﲻζæ죬һ
ĬĬսе彣ʱԺǳ˽
ֻСܽһûսûԱֻ׻ţͷȷˣӷ㣬ʲôͬŲһѻճɻҡ
Сֲ²òͷΪŵͬϢΪʹŷķˡ
ҲΪͬ壬˭֪һ¡
ͬϢĲǽ񣬶һֻզզС
аɣǾͽɣѪ
СѽĴûƵͺˣպñһѪ
һšͣѪģϴλûġ
֪Сڴʲô⣬ΪôС齨Σסͷɻûп
Сֲţ㻹Ǵ塣
СƭСѵĴһֺǺǵ԰ɡ
Сֲ˽Ѫͻһӿ뽭ʶСæѵµϢҰһԵ
ȽӦһ춯
æϯضʼתǹӿ뵤
СƵӲû۹⣬ľʺû뵽츳УǴ壬ֲǰ׹Ƿ˫/ޡ
ɱ֮Ϊ׹ǾѪ⡣
һСֲϽΪҲľϵֲľศɡ
ڽרʱɽһƬĵ̹֮С
ֲˣȳʵ˺׳ϸ̾һҲϯضֲȻܻݼܣԴԴϵ˵ܿɹ
˵һ¾ͻˡ
ҶҲĿϢ
ֻ֮ͷˮܿ͹˲ˡ
ΪԼĵȻһʹŵаʲô
֮һڣֱӻ˹ȥ
ֲ׼֮ӴΪ
ʱ󣬽۾׳ϺҶͷۣͻƣߵš
ڻ赹ڵص֮ڣˡ
Ϊ֪֮ͻһͻƵڣΪӴһǧ
ԭûо彲ôͻƵڵģһ䣬һֱ޷Ϊı⣬мľ
Ů챦ʱ򣬾ȡܵľ֮ǡ˴ĵһ
ʱʲô׵ģ챦ĲСŮͬĻԵ
žڤڤעɡ
СǸֲǱ𣿡
ֻʶ˯˶ѣʱˡ
˶٣֣صл
СֲԭĲСãһл̫ǳˣպлᣬػᱨСꡣ
С겻Ϊ˭˭˵ǻͲľϵֲľʣԺʺҵĻԵɲҪ
ﴽȻᾡȫСꡣ
ʱڵ˷׷۾
׳ϷųʶɨһȦЦգϷҶͻƵ˽𵤺ڣϵҲˡ
˿̣˵Ϊõ𵤺ڣڣʵһء
׳ϸƴЦⲨԵõò˹Ȼ̫࣬ȼ֮ˡ
ֱ֮ϲȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵Ҳ޷ķˡ
ͻˣԤԼΪһͣˡ
ʮʣҪ⼸ı޸ɾ
׳ǳ鴤ŤͷȥûϢСӣû񶼶ʮҲŽ˼ҵľ͸ûһ
˱˰ͻƵ𵤺ڣҶأʮ
ŮԺ컯ضˡ
컯˵ҶȴüͷߵߣӶȥ
ɽɫѰ۳Ҫҹˡ
ֵƿߡ
񱻿Ī¹֡
ѯʣ׳ϾЦ߹Сѣζлˣ´ʲôԵϷҲˣ
õ߶˾Ĺ˰
֮ڿ˸ʹ죬Ҳл
ֻҶżһ۽¶ֹģ
ԥסҶ󣺡ȥ˵
¹ôˣʲô֮ӡ
ڣ׳ȻЦЦϵܣ˵Ϸӣ
ͨ͸˵ҶΪףҶҪ˾ӣӡ
ôƣϵ򵥡
֮ڣȿȿȣҶͽ񶼲ô
һֱ֮ڣԱɫһ˶ǣյ˵ͷ
͵͵СˣǣһߣɲϷ
ЩȻźòʵ
׳ϼ֮ڵͷƽŶڣȥۡ
֪ǲǴܾСӿֵֹġ
ɲУѰԵ˵ģﲻڧǸ£СˣΪߣҪŵ㡣
ŵ֮ڲҪȥһӡ
֮ͷϡ裬Ҳ֪㵽һ˿̻ġ
ڣһЩɿ֣Ҷǲл˵Ƕôˣлֱ˵
ҶؿһۣĪ˾䣺ǰʮ壬ڡ
񲻽⣬ôˣ֪
ԺСɸգǸľԴɶû츳
ãȻôˣ
СҧѵʮʮԲ
ǿˣһӲϣһֱֲס
˵һˡ
¶ˣ֮ˣҶʲô˼
Բƣֻơ½룬Ҷ͵
عȷ㡭Ҷԡ
ơ԰¹˫/ޣ
סЦִˣ˼뿪ţʲô
ȻǣҲûôţֽŵġ
Ҷ˵ͷ


29 
ƳҪ, йôΣҲ֪躮̶֮ѹƲǳ֮ơ
Ʃ˿, θȥ̶
նԲÿһζҹǰˡ
ϲϣңȥҪ£ѡơ
ߣҶؿŽ˫/ޣƺûжٿܡ
Ҷͷ, ֻ˰ʲôһһ졣
һֱҶ򴽽ǣ˵ЩΪѣҲʵǵѣϣơ
Ķûк͸, ⷬ˵ǿܸпŶȡ
˿˼, ֻҵ˵ͷ, ûпҶߺĶ䡣
Ϊѵ, Ӧõġ
˵꣬еΣĬת, ȥ
ûСȴУҶĶ䶼, ˫/ޡ
˵ҶֻƲŲҪô˵, ȴȥҶĶ䣬ȻԭĶϲһ̺졣
һ۵ҶŲĬĬӿ졣
ҶԱĽŲͷĪһоԼĶҲЩô졣
ߵڣ˲Լ̧ͬͷ죬ҹɫǹ䣬ƺӰӶû
⸱ģ׳Ϻ֮Ҳ̧ͷҹɫ糣Ҳû
ôɫӡ
ĸ죬һʱЩ졣
СҲ죬칫˵õʮʮԲأôӰӶûС
ʲôӣǺģѧ֮ġ
԰˵õԲأ
Ƴ׳ϣλѵ׿ס
׳ǡÿڣϷָһ㣬ȻԲƲҲаʱͻˣʱһԾҲ
Ĵɲż̳þأ˼ʮ궼ûúȡ
Ϊͻƣóףһ
֮ͬУһסˡ
ô˵ţȴû
ҶѾջߣ֪ʲô
⻰ĵ׷˸ۣʲôƣʲô£ûʱ䡣
ûг׳ɤӣȣۿҹˣǽɣϵǰҹϷغҹٻҶѺͽС
䣬ȥҶϾ˶ĬΪס
Ҷͷԡ
˱һɽ
ӵ֮ڣ
ûأҶͽˣϾ˼ȹж˵ôҲ
֮̾Ŀһݣת塣
һ£ǻж
ʱˡ
أʦأ
죬Ƿͷҡ
ţһӰһŮӳɽ
ûϵôƫƧĶˣĸһʱסŮӵĲӡ
ŮȻǱʩ˽ͨ죬ɫ
ںˣΪڽӣڿĸˣлнڵĵʱ۵׻ϲоˡ
ץŮǽڵĹų϶Ůң𵤳Ϊ
ںˣҲˣǸݰ׹ĺˡ
Ҷͽһ̽в𶯣ȻŤĲӡ
ǰĸȴû¶ʲôŵɫ
׳ϰڰ֣ţǶʲôˣɱɱ⡣
ˣ²ؼǾ͸λиɡ
׳˵ţ˿ʯڣսҶ
ҶĿӺɨ˿һ
֮ڼ״Ҳ˹ȥÿλøˡ
СĴ׳˵öԣ²ؼǻΪ˻ử󣬻Ǹ𵤺ڣ²öԸ
ĬĬ˾䣺ؼġ
ƣƫƫץ˸ŮӹɲǴɡ
Ҳ׳ĴӲܣҶķӦͲ
¹ɲǼȵӡ
ҼûҪȵ˼ĵ׶ʱ۵һƬҡ
׳ĴҶҶѣôȡ
𵤺أûʲôµġ
˿϶Ҫȵģܳ⡣
ǲܰȫˣٴɱʲô塣
ҵĲӣһע˵ĶһɽˣٷϻҪǸҶһ£ҾŤĲӡ
ĸ˵ѣǲҶʡ
׳Цѱż߰ǿɱ
˵ţҶס˶ڡ
Ŀһݣƣٶһԡ
ұɫǺ죬Ϸ۳Ž١
ʶسСĸ˶ţˡ
Ҳ˵ĸǲֹĸ˰
һ㶣΢彣ѾӰ
һѳƾճ֣ûв֮ʱ͵һննֻ˵ĸ첲

ڲҽͬʱҶ׳һ֣һƻкĿڣһƻĵ
һףȥ
׳ϰѺ˵Ϊϵ֮󣬱㷭ĴϸսƷ
ҶȥסңϵĽ
һõɣ㹪л½ڹңлλȡ
ҶһԳǽڵӣ㿴֮ڡ
֮Ծ߹ʦ㣬û°ɣȥŴҶ㡣
ؽڵĵӻûԶȥҵˡ
ߵ⣬ˣͼнڵҹ
˵󣬹ҿ֮ڣһɡ
λȻˣʲôԵ
ұȰ£
֮ҡҡͷˣҸһܰȫ
Ͳֱ˵ȸһȫˡ
˵գҲѣתֳɽȥ
У׳ѾѺ˴ʯͷȷֳķݣһݷؼʣ˳
ϵܻˣãĸһһݣؼϷһֱо󷨡
ؼҪˡС꽣һΣֱӻδĻử׷׷֪жȻȥ
ͻȻĺŮֻ𵤺ڵĺ׳ϴ󾪣ԭΪĽʲôϢû뵽澹Ȼһ
С뵽ģȻҲ뵽ˣһֱˡ
֮ʲôҪСһݡ
ûͬ⡣Σ֮ͷһ̬
ӦˡҶûԥ͡
֮ڲɫؿ׳ϣˣͼС
ΪСˣԭһֱڽĽ
׳ϣϰ׵ģĸ۸˼ҵģ°
ĸͳһߣ׳ĵᣬǿЦϷҲͬ⣬űλѳ󣬺ϸһݡ
Сؼݸ񣺡ԺʲôҪΪȰ䣬ֻص˽
ЦЦá
Ҷһ£ĬĬתȥ˶ڡ
׳ϼ״˳ӣҲûʧȻϰ󷨣ửؼǽûҲӰ첻
ֻǣԺʲôԵҪٷһˣ˶գ۾ͱ˶ӡ
ؼպãԾسŶһۣҶֱվӰϡЩӲ
ʲô£
׳Ϸ˵һʱԲ£Ѿȥʱˣ


30 
Ȼع, Ѿ˰ɣǰɡ
һ, ת׳Ϻ֮ڶһ䣺ҺҶ뿪Ƭ̡
û˵ȥĶҲû˵ʲôʱ
׳ӣϧһ㵽ֵķؼϧ˰
ԽҶҪȥﲢġ
ΣҲûʲô⡣
֮죬һȴֲ֪ôڣֻܸɰͰ͵˵˾䣺עⰲȫǡ
˵ͷ֪ʲô, Լ彣óŵʯڱߡ
⻹˵ã
СʱߵӲŰ
ôܰأͬ⡣
ɫһ壬ȻСڴ˴, ȥȥ
ûʲô, ҶҲܲ˱Թۡ
СͷһرôԴ, ɫ˼ҾǺ, ͲߣɫѵĻӡ
Ϊѧϰǰ׼, ϹôһźƤӡ
΢ûи磬һԼǳ, ǲʹ
֮ǸϽҶҸû˵ĵض
ɭ֮к˫/޵ĵط
ߣŽ뿪ıӰ, ׳ϴյСߣЦǺʣСѣϷһ⣬ΪʲôܽѽлӰǳ𣿡
Ѳɽıǳ棿
羹ôĳªˡ
СձܾţƣԱûҽʲôͷӡ
׳ϱҭһҲԾɺƢС˵Цˣ㷽˵Ӳţʲôö㿴
˵һ԰¡
СһۣװͰ͵һ˲֪ߡ
Īε׳ϺһٺõƢҲˡ
һûòڵС治аҪǶԽҶĺ̫󣬻˱ˣôء
峤ϣΨһҴĺˣҪӵ
һԣ֮ڿͷֱ֣̲ס˾䣺׳ľأղײգҾСһ
λѼֱ̫ƢˣϹñԼ˺ȻҲ棬˾֪ƽӡ
׳ϳ˳ӣ˵öʲôҪľƲ˵Ⱦˡ
軨׷ûôģ治
ô˵ǰԼصĺþ˳ףĻҪף
һߣߵڴʶ̧ͷ죬ȻԲ¸ֻʣһ˿߶Ʋ档
ҶȻЩ̫ã촽ţڼơ
ŲߣҶָգ̧
ɫУӭ۲ͷ͵һ˶Щʴӣһʱס֪˵ʲôҲ֪ʲô
Ҷʲôûֻôţͻһ-
Įˣ˿Ȼͻ͸һ˿תߵ
˼һͣ˲ȡ
ŬԼ侲æץסҶ󣺡ǸϽߡ
ֻǱôץסҶһ۵ŨƺҾһ㣬գ롣
һ˫۾ֻ֪Žȫʧ
Ҳװ·Ҳ֪ľѬȾͷХ
ʱֻһͷͷʹҶӵ˴ߣҶߣ
û彣ŷӦΪ˲СţѽŶˡ
ҶĽٳ
ҶȻãȻȴһ˷Ӧ˳ӵذѱ˳
񲻸ٵ飬ߡ
ȴЩָ֣һûһµس졣
һ˱
ģ򦱻ҧһڡ
˻Ҷ̡
һ仰ãҧ򦣬û˱Ķ
һĿⲻʱŵ棬ˡ
ԭɽĸССɽŶͦεģǲ֪氲ȫȫ
룬Ҷ£߽һһ׵СɽͲõˡ
ǵȵȥַѡ
ﵹǲңǻҳе࣬ʹԦѳɨɾҲʯ棬ܾܲôȥɣžͱˡ
Ҷ㴢ûпЪϢĶ紲֮ġˣƮʵ
䣬Լ棬ޣ˭û´ϰ
Ҷ̧ͷֻ³֣-
Žȷǰ˭һ㣬͸ЩίͰ͵ζǹɡ
ĬȻֻܿԼˡ
ֱùҶĴ
ֻһЩװҩСƿӣм飬֮һЩһϹķ
Ȼû
̾˵ﶼó̵ϡ
ɨԼĴ΢ţ
ʲôʱһŴë̺ʵƽѵСꣿ
Сǡġ
ʱžƺȸͣС䲻ش˸硣
üֹһ˭ңɫѵģϹźƤӣǿ׷Ű׺̰˼ëŷɵ̺Ӱ
С߶Ľ̺һ̣Ҷȥ
Ҷƺϲ°ɫ۳ȹīɢڼͷĵʤ¡
΢΢ͷ䣬Ƶģ͸Щ飬һ۶ġ
ԾطҶ𣿡
ҶǻѣֻΪĬĬ۾һԲ
ʵоЩ𣿡
ֽŵע£ҶƫͷȥǺЩ
ǡ
ֻ֣͵δ֮⣬ĵ׵ĺХ䣬ûƽ
ǽý𣿻˫/
Ҷתͷ۾ȻӭϽߡ
˫˸Ӷһ峺С
ҶĿ̧̧ŽĶ鷢ɤƣҲ֪
һͣȥ˼粢һ
ĬƬ̣ŵʵҲ֪
֪Ρ
ûҶĻӦԹԵܾúϲһ𣬸ġ
Ҷһմߡ
Ҷָ߬૵˵ǺͶϵĵ˫/ޣʥĵģΪΪֶΣǲõġ
ͽҲռ
ĬţںԼ
ĪЩЦԭΪˮɣҶ˫/޽ƣû뵽ݱ죿
ϲôɣִƲð˳ҫ˼䡣
Ҷֻͷٴ춯һֳס˽·
һ䣺ôˣǲǾùȥˣǽҪ⡭
ĻҶ˻ȥ
Ϣż䣬סڷ/ˣ֪ԼСơ
ǹȥˣֻǰˣڲ⡣
棬ɢ߸߹ҡ
ʱ¹ʢǹⶼԵðЩ
촵ɽתתǾȤֹҶƮ˳ȥҶڷתƬֱ̣عڵ档
׵̺ϣҶü۽졣
޼鷢Ǳˮʪһҵڼ/ϡ
ƣգգ۾һΡ
һͽΣԻá
Ϣּ¹Ȼˡ


31 
С
һĵİ, ľǵƣƺ
ɭÿһõɫ, Ŀѣԡ
С¹ͷϪߺˮȴѽͷȡ
ʱ˲ĽŲ
̧ͷ˴ˡ
һųȹŮˣû۵СϴϢ
С¹֪룬أȴֲ֪ΪŲ
, Ƶ֣ԼĻ
С¹ֻʣС¹¶С¹С¹, ±ŵ顣
, סС¹, Ҳ˵ġ
һڶ, С¹ھнȣӭ˵ĵá
ŵͷ
߽ǶԼܻԡ
ĺɫĺ, Ļӡ
ҶïҰ죬Ϫ
С¹ĻԵһԶˡ
˵ɫ, ȴֽס㵭˲ժ
ͷ, ԥſ
һմ¶ˮεĻ
˳֣˳ָڻϡ
ûκξ飬ֻôСᡣ
ָܿɢ˻ϵ¶ˮ
Ϫˮϸ
ʪ˻䣬Ҳʪ˵ָ
С¹۾һƬհס
һҹ䣬ʪʡ
ðǰУŲܡ
ݾãͣ
С¹Ŀϣ۵з⣬˵ˡ
ȴûл˵ڣΪһ̵ȼĻѡ
֮ұȫ
ʼϡΪİٴβ
С¹֣̿ѵʱס
ƺ£ûɵز
㱵˼ͻȻ˾ʹ뿪˵õеܱһȥء
ǰѻո
ĸ첲һֱһֱ޷
ǲĲס֣ǣȥ䡣
С¹羪ֽ֮ţȫڷ
ûоʹ˷ᶨأٴס֡
˵ϣһ߲/һ߰ȥ޼鷢
һͷ֡
бһ˲
С¹΢΢죬̲ס
鲻ԽķݲԭԼ
ģ̰˵ᡣ
С¹ֿ
ڷн䱸ʧȥѵ
֮ǰ·˵ĵ̾
һζĵ̾Ծץס˵ĳ·ܰЩ
ڣС¹˯ȥɭֹ


32 
⡣
̾һ, Ҷ֣ԼһƷȳ
ɫ, Ѿʱҹ˾
۳˯ȥˣ̺ӶۣҶϡ
ۿŷзҪ
ӴóһöԭǸûȥˡ
Ҷ֪޾죬Ʒҩڼɨȥƣ
񡣡
Ҷ۾˲䣬Ծỽ
, أǸǻȥɣȻǸõżˡʶӦֽӲת˿ڷ硣
ҶҲӦǷŷʲô, ɫЩȻƿ̺, ¡
ԾȥĽ, , л
æҡͷлӦõģڸоô, ûﲻ
һĹ˵ڣĪ
Ҷת߳ڵʱ, Ų΢٣кá
ƽɫȻ
ü, ̧ͷ죬¹һգֱ䵭ģͷ鶯ʱˡ
תô죬Щ֪ôӦ
Ҷ·ǵƷʱϸڣŽһ𷵻ء
ڳʱ§סּջ֡
Ҷ˱۾Լ侲ȥͻȻӿԺеһĻĻ
ص֮ǰɽһŨľЦ
ǰĳ۷¡
ͷѪ赹ڵص׳ϣѾĺˣԼ첲Ÿ첲ЦתȦȦС֮ڡ
Сǻͣ
ͷ˫/ˣȾơ
һ仰֮ڴԭأ˫/ȥˣģʱ
£ﳹ˸͸
һźߣڵؿҶæתƻ⣺ʿôˣ
С֪֪꣬ڶΰ
С˸ã֪ʲô裬һ۾ˣûƺһŹȥˡ
΢飬֪ʲô裬һƷû뵽˸ײеĺꡣ
׳ô£
ͷˣ˵ʲôûʹʿϢҳŲ˳һš
Ƭ̣ЦǺǣǳϢɵƯ
ⶼʲôѣûһġ
һҶְѺ˦ףָ׳ιһöҩ
׳תǻˣڱʹ飺ҶѣСѣǿҪϷϰװҾ˵䣬־Ŀ߰
ֱ̫˰涼ˣһͣ˾ôιȥˡ
֮ԻعС͵СҲģֻǺȶˡ
ȶ˵СҡŽĸ첲һ佱ҳϢɣҸ׼Ķûǿð׺̵ëģƤҲϺõĻƤǲǺҸ˵ƤӷԺûùأԭ͸δĵµƸ񡭡
˰̫ѨԼ彣ʱСĻǣϢؽѾơ
Ů̬䣬Ӧһá
Ҷɳǿһַۣɿƿߡ
׳ϼʼٸ߶㽣ˣֻܰϼˣϷ򲻸ƽϣȨ¿ˡ
ŸջصСʱΣŭͷ˭¿أٺ֣ͷ
׳Ͼͷźӽ¡Ϸˣ֮ǰһʱ鱻˿ӣŲϷھͰڸ꾫
Сţ˭꾫أ
㲻Ǻ꾫ʲô
Ǻ𡣡
ˣ˴˾ǻطҶֹ˻Ƴֵľ棬תߡ
ڵҲ֪ǻطΪס
Ҷɫ׳ȥҶѵȵϷϷΪ㲷һԿȥлԵ
Сꡰޡһδػص
֮ĬĬߵߣӵҶǳĻΪ𣿡
Ƴһۣлģǵ¡
еû¸ˣŮӵ£
֮ڵ¶һĨЦҶܺãףҸ
Щ£ҲˣҲ롣
üģ֮С첲תȦһĻ̾ҲףҸ
ˣܻ
ҸԭһǷծ˽Сʰ
֮ΪһڣδܴùǻҶ𵤺
ԶҶӪԼ׷ҶҲܴù֮ڡ
⣬Ҷ׳Ѿȥ򣬼ɭҲʿڵԶ½һЩλá
Ҷǰ棬׳Ͻ󣬽֮ڷ˺档
С״ɰԵ˫/˼أ˵˵սҲңôҶһ飬׷ȥǣְС֮Ҫңѷֲžʡ
ûǵȳ棬̫ϧˡ
˸ۣ㻹ϴϴ˯ɡ
˵䣬ȴ֮ڿ첽£ߵҶߡ
˺ܴľģӻͳһö˹ȥҶʦ㣬ҸѾ̽һʿԿףĶӦþڱһҡԭ͵͸ͽĺˡ
Ҷԣվûж
Ȼ뵽ʲôĽæǰһҶ
͸ˣϽ
ûҶ֮Ϊй¶Եʱ
ִֵ֮֮Ѿ
㲻˵û˰㵱ưͣžţǲҪȻ֪ΪһԵ
֮ɹֺԭ
̫ˣҶΪĺ⣬𵤺Լ˭ﶼ֪
뵽æҲ֪ûб
ûˣŰɡ
죬ܷ׻
ҶɲǣǸùİ¹⣬ܲ⸣
֮ڻ֣ݺһɡ
ҶŵԼǰĽ񣬲֪뵽ʲô΢˼ҵ˼ʦܻɡ
һԵ׳ϼȥģЦʲôʿĶǲҪϷҪ
֮ںԥ˿Ȩǿ
׳ϣϰ׵Сᣬͻ˦ɫ
ŷģǣҶֵĻԵȴҲҪΣգǻбĻԵԺ硣
Ҷ򴽣Ӧһš
ŵֻὩһ£ַ
֪ʶԼ鼱֮ʲô־ԵãҶɫû쳣ǻûע⵽
ԥһ£ѡװɵҶʶˣ˵ͷֲ˭ǣ˭ˣôŰɡ
ǣҶƺٶۣǣ˰죬ҲûʲôӦ
һֵǲ֪˭Ȼʮָˡ
˴̽ų֣Էƺһ˳֡
С꿴òƣС֮ǰЩָȥģսɿܻӭСϷÿ
һӰԶȥķȥ
ʿµĶû뵽֮лջǰǶԿףŪ֣а


33 
һ, Ӱȥ
ֶӰ׷ȥ
ʱ, δŴŵ
ûбɽҶó常ķϽ֡
ɫĹĻûպסĸˣˮ˹Ļ⡣
С꿴ֱҡͷÿǰ˽ƣܶĽȻֻĸˣһꡣ
Ϊ⼸˶֪Ĵڣһαûдֱӽ˳
Ҷݸġ
Ŀ, ǰ¹˭ꡣ
ˣСҲֱ֪˳˭ꡣ
֮ڷӦ죬ͰҶҶʦ㣬϶Ұɡ
׳æϵ׳, ܲϷȥɡ
Ҷ, ŵ˭, ϶ҶԲԣ
ʲôϵ, ˭ߡ
׳Ϻ֮ڶһۣʶȤû׷ʣ˳ɾ֮еһ, һ뵽ܴǸ˿Լ;ġ
ҶЦûнǵĻ, ֪˿ʲô
ܿ죬ɫ, Ҳܼ
Ĵܾ꣬ò̤ʵѾ£ûиı䣬Ҷپ졣
ЩȷϾѾı̫ࡣ
ֲ챦ĲŮУٱԭ䵥İ¹ʱһˡ
ҶС꣬ԭдδ׳ϡ
ʱƿ׳ʱٴа㺰߲ơ
﷭˸ۣҲ߲ˡ
Ͼ˭ûº棬ֻܸʶģִΧ
ϲ˶ǽ𵤺ڣҲԭҶˡ
ҶĻ֤˽Ĳ²⣬ٳ˶ǽ𵤺ڣҵϽֵֵ˼Ϣɢ
һֻᱻ˼ԡ
ĸˣֿԺ״ǣҶ׳һ˶һ֮ڶһ
ԭ֮ΪϽ𵤺ڣһҲûʤ㡣
׷вڰĽ𵤺С꣬һʤӶࡣ
ȻԤϵǣҶһϽ֣׳ϱ·ӡ
˵Ŀ֮ڡ
Ƕһۣûȥ׷һ𵤺ڸãսپ
֮ҧ޺һٽӭһˡ
ˣǷˡ
Щ֮꣬Ϊ޷ûٿϽȺڣǲģ򲻹Ҳסһ
͸ս⣬˿ڽڡ
״Ҳ𣬿Сİһתȥ
ʣǸ˱ҶֱӺͶִ֮ڣκҶ治ˣǿ͸ͼ
С߶ߴ׷ʺԶ˽սһ̫Σˣ룬Ҷ֮Ҳ˺󡣡
սеƬ̲ҷģҲǰ
ҶǱ߲£ҲӦΨ֮Ǳƽ¶Щġ
ڵΪЩʹȺҲѵн
һʱ
أһԶ
ҶѣȥϵܣС϶Ұɣɱ𡣡
׳ϵĻһ䣬ںǶԴ˱㲻֪ʲôεĶ
Уƿն
״ץסʱҶ֮ڶԶ㡣
С׾룬ֻҪҶ֮ͺðˡ
Ҷûκγɣֳסɱͷ֮ںˡ
ʱס׷ȥǸˣĶҡ
˵䣬һɣö׷
˲һضȴǵ͹׷Ϊ̫׷ըڵأ֪
ס˼״㲻սǲҪس棬𵹵صĺ˾ͳ
۵Գһ˿ɱʣµö׷
Ҷ٣նҪ
һ˶УûеǸһݣ׷ŨδɢͬĲһһһͷˣֻͷʬ塣
ȥ׷ϵ׳ϼʱͣĪ׷СǸϽߡ
ȻСæһͬˡ
ʱԶҶҲͬߡ
䣬۵棬ӻ֡
Զ뷽ŵսһ˵֣Ҷֻ֣ͷʬӴ˦˳
׳ʱӵȥǵĴ
֮ƲƲ죬Ťϲôֻˣ
ϵܴԲӣϷӣʵȥڷɱˣȻԳ壬ô컯Ϊףǿ쿴ʲô
׳ŵһϵȷһѹ͸İɡ
ɡǶ
ڰ׹У콣ڵϯ÷ù
׳һַʣµǸкöرϵˡ
öָöֻʿá
ҶѾǽ𵤺ڣȻòţɲͱ˽֮
˽Ļ׳Ͽɲ˵֮ڣ⼸Уţ˵
طʧ꣬ҩһֱƲû뵽ϾöҶһ䡣
⻰֮һɫ΢䡣
Ļһ²Ժðȴֲ֪òÿڡ
׳ע⵽ɫϵ֪˭
֮ڲɿ۽ҶӲͷƤҸԣûڳżȻõö
ĵǽڵλڣţֻһϣչš
ųԪӤڣĵĽֻݽʿ룬ԹųѹΪ
뵽һֱ˳콣ڣʬݲԶ
ܴܾ콣ڵ÷ͽڵĹųϡ
˶뵽йؼ׳ʣΪʲôҪ˴أ
ȻǺ˵Ŀ꣬Ȼ˾Ͳˡ
ϪںͽȻ˳콣ڣҲ֪֮⻹ʲô֮¡Ҷƽ
ص콣ڵϯӺͽڵĳڲݰɱ֣ߵϧǵͷ­Ҳ뱩/¶ݡ
©һУ÷ùɡ֪֮ųö
׳ɫصһ㣬ߵǸӦòֹǽ𵤺ڵΪϷϲӦҲѹΪ
ѹΪģҺ콣ڡڹϵǳ
ΪĴָģκһܶԸġ
Ϊö֮ڵĻȥƬ̣ûס˵˳

Ҷɶ࿴˽һۣûмǴ֮ʱ򣬽ƺмֹ֮ӡ
ѲɽǸʱԤϵˣ
׳Ϻ֮Ҳ뵽˵ʱĳ˵˽ 
üģ̹׵ֻǲ²⣬ΪҸоǵĿ֮ڣǲÿңûʲôδ֪ı¡
˵ʵǱֻһ롣
ɭ־°벿ˣ治֪
׳ɨ˽һۣö֮ڣҺҶΪǻȳͻһ¡
ڽ֮ڷֱͻƵʱǰѰɡٵǺöϧ


34 
Ȼ, һǸܵĺ˽˴£÷ǿһɱ˶ᱦñ, Ǿ͵òʧˡ
Ҷͷ۱ĿϢĽ˼
ܾ鲢ǽ˵ô򵥣ƺܡ
Ҷʲôأ
ҶջߣǸ˵ݡ
׳ԣѹϷ֪ɢвûнϵĴܣܺ콣ڳϹϵģЩаſԲ, ͳڵͳ϶ԪӤΪУҩڵԪӤڣǽ, Ӧ޹ء
˵, Ŀ¶ӵضҶ
Ҷ̹ȻϪѺ콣ھ, 뽶ڵĹϵҲǰںӦҲ޹ء
֮ǰҩڱ, 콣ڵ˦ֲϪڵ£Լ֮˻£ûʲôġ
ųϪں, ųҩںڡ
Ǿֻʣ콣ںͽڣһųϣֻһԪӤˡ
֮ڵĻƶϳ, ֪ҲԼĶӡ
, Ǹ˰˳콣ڵˡ
׳ɫ콣Уǻڴܣź϶ԪӤڡ
һǶǲ
ƫƫѾˣǶԷǵġ
ҶͷУǰȫġ
۶ԷǶߵΪжֻܷӳڵʵȻͻᱻȻΪƵɭ֡
ڵĵˣֻҪ࣬Ҳ̫ġ
׳ѹĵ׵ĵǣЦҶ˵öԣжʮղŽʱֻҪϵԶ㣬ǸһʱҲ˲ǡ
⻰˵ЩصҲûʲô˭úûţ
ԪӤڵĴܣ˵ͬ
֮һ۾׳ϵⷬǵΪ׳ӵΣʱɢ˸ɾ
ģԻȥǡ
׳һ£ЦϵˣʮĽ𵤳ڣϷͷһμ컯Ǿ˰δɹ
֮һŽû
Ƭ͸֮ڵΪ֪ԷΪԼ֮ϣѾͻƵ˽ڡ
Ů֮ΪȻһǧ
һԵ
ͣڣֻǴӳڱ˺ڡ
˱˰
֮ڶ˹Ҷ˶
ԵҪҲܵ󡣡
ǴеĿΪ˽ɱʿһζѰԵҲΪԼ˰ɱͲ¡
ɭֵѷѿʿȻ磬ȷѪ/ꡣ
Ϊŵӣɱ˷֮¡
׳üͷ壬ֺܿչɢûôθУľΪ˻Ե
ҲõģˣûлԵ
ǣֺǺǵɱǴ£һҪЩʿ֪ǵǲ˷ˡ
ɣˮԽ룬Խ
׳ջķᣬͻƵ˽𵤺ڣôʯ͵ҩģеʯ˵һԪӤڴܡ
û֮ڱŽս⡣
ɲĿսǰΪͣԲ
ͻƵ˽ڣ֮ںսıԾѹסˡ
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ֮ǽޣʺϽս׳ޣҪʱʺԶ֧Ԯеҩ׷ԸСڰ͵Ϯűһ״
ݿ԰нԶʹ̿ҲˣֱܼиɻûҲⲻ
Ҷ֮ڵսǿʱ㹻ˡ
Ҷͷʦܿɽӣ׳ϼӣ֧ԮڣСȫ֣Ż
׷Ҷٳ׷ԣ׷ǽѡ
׳һƬңǿ׷ѵǽ
ҵȷử׷
ֻһ׷
׳Ƭ̣ҡͷԣ׷ڶֵס׷ֻڡ
뵽һμʱǸ
ԣֻһ׷ﲻԣ
׳Ƭ̣ͷ飺ʦʧǧ꣬Ϊ̫СΪϢϢأǿ
ָϵݣֻܻһһ׷Ҳ͸С࣬ըұ˵ͷë
Ϊܻ׷ɱըͬߡ
нΪܻ׷ܷӳڵôܻó׷
ĬҲ֪ǰ뱾ʦϼصݻû׳Ȿ˵öࡣ
ҲͶ˼ôĲ衣
׳ϼװɵӴó޹ǺͼƤö޹ǺƤԡ
ǽܻ׷ڱȻܻߵȼ׷
㣬һɷӳǶܷӳ
ǻʲôԪӤڰֱӺߺһըһըһ˫
ɫãȻؽӹ޹ǺƤ˶عͷȥʱȴЩ֪롣
Ǳоֻһ׷Ļửİ
ӲͷƤһ׷ĻԣȻ޷Ƥɷ
̾̾ѡ
һ
׳ϴΪ⣬صѣ鲻㻭Ĺ̸ϷϷ㿴⡣
ӦðԽΪӦܻ׷
ȻΪˣҲӦûߵȼķ
һ¡
ʾ׳תȥҶڣҲųʶ͵
һ׷һź󣬽ûżƤڿԿˣһ׷
ôôǷĹؼȻʾ׳Ͽ
׳ϽӹƤſ˰ΣָĨĨѪǽѪ
ʿˮָͣӶƤһ
񿴵Żǿû³
ֱ̫Ŀ
һԵҶ֮ĬĬƿߡ
ŻͷëѪ̫ˡС껯γθһ󷭽ʵ̲ס
׳ϰƤϵѪ˸飬Ұĥһ䣺Ϲ顣
˶̣Ѫôˡ
С꿴Ұӣ³
㶮ʲôѽûǵëѪǿǳ˾ûʲô
֪ͷôûߣͲſˣأ޴ŵĺİ
׳ûи磬۾Ȼؿ
Ծش˸ϱôң֯}˵ġ
ѣٷŵѪ
ȣ
׳ȻصͷϷѾ˵ף֤һ
ӷ£ٴȷϵģ
׳뵽ԼĲ²⣬żóһֻߴٵȻһѪҪʵġ
Լ಻Զˣһ㣬һ㽭Ѫ
ӹ룬һԼָ
һھ͹ˣǵȵȣϷƷƷζ
ЦǿżƷ
䣬Ťͷȥҿҿ
ĬתͷҲ뿴¡


35 
۹۱Ǳǹ, ׳ϣûлͷȥ
׳ĥһ, ڿڣѣɷϷ㣿
񣺡͹˰
׳ϼûӦȥ֡
㣬һĻ˾
ֻѳͬʱʣֱ׳ϵǰǰһ㽫ֶļơ
ҶɨۺԼͬʱֵ֮ڣһ¡
׳ϼ״æջֽ͵Ǳ嶯ϷǸ˼, ɱĺ꾫
Ļû˵꣬ͱСһ߷ڵء
ȽѪˣʿ̡̺
׳һ߶㣬һߺ㡭ס, ȻϷˡ
, ҽôʰ㡣
˭Ҳ˭, ͨһȭ, Ҳûʹȫƾһ
񿴲ȥˣڵС, ͣ֡
ܲаⶼʲôѡ
С߷˿㻹, תͷҶҶ, ǽСϱܲܡ
ô˵ʲôʲô
Ҷûнӻȴ׳ϡ
˵˵Ϸ˵
׳汻ߵĿڣЪ˿֮ˣӣδ򲻳ɢ٣ϷǾýѵѪǴ֮Ҫ֪ȫûһ֮ſɳƴҲﶼȵģѰ˶ȣϷ֤һ¡
ˣôɷ˵ʹأ׳ȥСꡣ
С겻Ҳò㣬Ůб֪㻹أҲܰ𣬿Ҳǣ˵Ҷ
ϷżˣǾͷҶˡ׳˵űȥҶ͸˿У˼ǿ춯ְ
˲ҲȥҶô׶ְ
СһתЦ
һ䣬ͼҶߵߡ
΢ͣĪ
龰ôù죬ҶҪˣ˶ſô¡
Ѱ˼ţ־ͱסˡ
Ƭ̣˭û˵
׳źʣôǲǱѰ˵ҪһЩҶѣ
ҶĬɫӲ
СҲʣҶô˵żˡ
ҶȻһԡ
ҲżҶżΪԼ£Ҷָ̣ĺ񶼳ˡ
զ
ĵһֿ̾С꣺Сɡ
Сü۶䷢ҶȻЦЦǾұȽ侲
֮ǴʱҶ侲
СŤס֣ߣüëšˣɫᡣ
ظ첲أ
˵ʵо¶ࡣ
Сʼ磺Ҿò࣬Ҳ̵ȥ
׳ϳ˳ӣѰ˵¸һ㲻˵̵ĳ̶ȣ̻˵ãֱ˶£Ϸһɡ
ǰһͱ뽭Ҷˡ
Ҷ治ɫٴס֣ĿƬ̣ƽǱѰ˵ԸһЩ
׳ϳһҶ侲İɡ
ǾͶˣ֮Ѫʹ޷һ֮°빦
죬һʧǧ꣬ƫƫϰʺԼķ컯˰
С갵Ʋ죬ộ͵ó˸Ǵ֮Ľۣ֪ˡ
ϧǱоֻһ׷ĻԼڰ˵
˱ԵϢͻƵ𵤳֮ڿҶ˹ȥ
Ҷʦ㣬ɷ̼СͱҶ𵤺ڵΪһ㣬׿
֮ں֪ԼʵϽ𵤺ڣмʤ㡣
׳޵󷨣⼸ֻҶһԽ
ЩҶӣ²д¡
֮ڱԺսʹ֪ܲ󣬻ûס˿ڡ
Ҷ̧ü֪뵽ʲôͷ߿
Ӧˣ
֮ܵϣ۵źսĹ⡣
ʱ׳ϴյߣʣѣǲֻửһ
ѧ񵭵
Ȼ˵Լֻһ׷Ļѧô׽Լĵء
׳ȴƿ͸αװһ㣬ЦʵĻһͨϣ޷бһֻͬҪţĥĥݳߵȼĻҲпܵġ
һû˵
׳ϼ״ָظпһ䣺䲻ڣϷ򵱳ֻ˼󷨲оô꣬˵һʦҲΪ
һʧǧ֮ãĴУƾŵĴ֮壬һɳˡ
Ȼֻ࣬воûеõĴС
֮ˣ׳ϲָһ͵ǻԵˡ
óһ̣Ȱ벻֪Ϸôݳ߼󷨵ģϷ꣬ûͽܣָһ㣬ҸԵʦͽ֮Ե
ͷɣ˭أ㼸ʱָˣʦС겻ز
ͽһ𳤴ĺýãʦǾĳͷ䡣
Ҳ׳ϵͼȻѧôݣ׳Ϊʦ
һͰݹ׳ΪʦѧǻûȤ
󷨣뵽ʲôó֮ǰӺõķؼ
׳ϼ״ͷһ𿴡
ûбܻ˼֪ǸڷŵĻ׳¶һĨ͡
ôһȺ֪ϰ׵СᣬѵиΪ˺ġ
Žַҳ׳ϱ߿ߵһǼ򵥵ĿܴǺµӦ󣬾ٻ󷨣֮Ϊ׹㿴һ𣬾ڲ©ȱܴĸʵһЩ
һһٶǱؼоΣֱҶ֮дǲδؽ
ô˭ӮˡСʵ
֮εһ±ӣҶʦ㽣֮ߣҲҲ
ǾûҶ£ô޵ǻ С귭˸ۣɵͷ
ǽСϱ治
Ҷɫ͹۹ʦܵĽͬǲףʱձʤҡ
֮ڽϵԺµÿ๦ǺõģΪߣδӮ
˵ͬǽ𵤳ڵ棬֣֮ѾԺͽ𵤺ڿá
õҶĿ϶̲֮סҲôá
С꿴һۣЦϵܣʵҲǽޣȻǹС
ǿСӵӣҶǰδǰɣһͷʰ
֮ڱӭϣǱһս
ˣͣԺеǻȥ˴򣬹˵¡׳ϰڰ֣ŵϵļƬü
Ŀڹϣŷ࣬ºࣺǰռʲô
׳ϻЩ汾ϵġ
Ҷ̬ȵת䣬Ŀתشһ£ŵǰ뽲
׳ɫصϷ䣬˴֮ףʱѾѪ鲼ͬñܿҪȥˡ
ɫ䣬ٽʿڵԶ½Ѫ鲼һѪ
׳ϳ̾һ˷ŵӵ֮пҪǰˡ


36 
˼ѪָŵӵѪ, ء
Ϊ˰ɱг̣ʱӦҲС
ʿк, ǰǸ˵İ׹󣬻иɱǰ棬ŵס
͡
˵˵Ҷϡ
ĬҶΪףΪΪߣϾ׳ϺСҲǽ𵤺ڡ
ΪģΪ᳹ʼյ
ҶΪϪڵӵģΪŵһеٮٮߣŵҲлػ֮ġ
ʱ, ĲǺһ쵼ߵı׼ȵҲܻΪ㡣
֮Ҫ֪֮ܲ˵ĲҪǿܡ
ӲΣǽܷԱδ֪, Ϸ򲻽ðվˡ׳ϵһ̬
ܲܶȼŵӶ˵, ˵ԼҪϡ
ѰԵ, ġ
ַ֮ʲô, սˡ
սҲһҵһս, Ҳη
ѡ⣬Ҷѡ
ֻһԭģĲ֡
Ůƽ߳ɭ, ҶȴûлŽ
ĳϣ񲢲ȷҶٵûйȥ
ͬ׳˵Ҷ״ƷĽ, ƽ
Ȼȥ˵ģҲ֪ĺʲô
ûʸñ˸Լðա
лһЩŵӣȻðһԣֻԼȥһ˵ȥðա
ؿҶûмű̬С꣺Сأ
˵ǾһΨ׷Ů˻ˡ
׳ֻ֪ǰΣգȴ֪дɱ˲ζŰȫ
֪һֵݣ֪֮ںСѡ·
ߵİţ֮Ҳİš
СҲ£ֱԵġ
񣺡˭ܹõŮ
Ůģ
ˣ˵߶˽ϡ
ҲãѭѭյСҪԼ뷨ȥˣģı߾С
Сͷҵıʵȥһֵġ
ΪҶȥģɫѵĻӿ϶Ҷ
ƫƫ£ˣƸ
С;ѣС̫ˣҺ壬⻵˾ɡ
ͷһȷ
Сһ£Ҳȷ
ļĳǣȷͺá
С겻һɣʲô˼벻ȥ
룿
ˣ˵أ
ͣһ޳С֮ڡ
׷ŮǵĶܷ׻ɱħɱħžˡ
׳ȴûиı⣺ˣɽˮ꣬Եټɡ
˼Ҫ뿪ʱСӡ
˶һۣŤͷߡ
ˣ˵ã׳ϵѡ
׳Žź˵Ҳһ£ûң˭Զ֧ԮɱģϷľǲ
ĽŲ˲ݸ׳Ҳû˵ô
׳׷֮ڰںڻü𵽹ؼʱӣȻҵһƲ
׳ϲҶͽҶѡѣС϶ҿǿǵӣʲôΣգǿҪѽ
ǿˣ֮ںСûһϰ׵ģǽҶΪ˺Щ
Ҷ˹򶫣׳һ䣺Եȡ
һ֮׷
׳ϿŻ侲ĽС꣬ӣûôġ
ʲô콾ʲôͨ͸
ͨ͸ĽɨС꣺СؽǸϡ
˵ǵȵϷһĶʡġ
׷ȥӭŷҶż壬ȿ֮ǰõ
áҶؿһۣԷŻٶȣ˵Ľƽ롣
֮ڼ״ĬĬ󼸲ʶȤص׳ϡ
ǰǶģúһģȻĻ
ܿɭֵıԵҲǺԶ½ĵط
ܶĵģ׳Ԥ沢ûг֡
ԶѾܿһЩŵۼһ𣬾վﲻ֪ڿʲô
Ľˣͷֲŵڴˣǰ滹һЩʿҲŲ
׳Ĵ˸ƣһҡҡͷʲôá
ǽ˲ԣŵһɲеζ
ζʵζ궼ͣˣ·ȻҲζûд˴Ũ
ѰһϤףʵʦ֣ǶôˡΪʲôվŲҲһ¡
Ļû꣬͸оһһͻק˵ϡ
֪ΪʲôˣΪҲҶˣͶһ£ҸҶ
Ϊһ£봫һ£µ˲Ϲаµơ
֮һָֻԭ
ʲôҲʿŪġ
ΪʿҲͷŤһ¡
񲻸ҴҶȴ÷ֻǷӦҲˡ
ۣء
Ҷ֮ܺ׳һû£ȫεϵ˵ϡ
ڽС̲ס㻹˵𣿡
һ䣬СֱӱȻΣվ˽ǰ
棬֮䡣
գգۣ㿴˵
Сգۣ֪ˣҲ˵
գۣǸ
С۾գˣգɶҿ
׳ҲڳܿԼҶգۣҶѰˣԼˡ
ҶãȻգһ۾ҿ˼
Ψһûмգ۶֮ڱᣬʲôҲҹ
ԶŵӺʿգۣù
һƬľĬУʱеùߣӻǴԶϹģΪ·ĥˡ
۳ɭֵĻ˶˹ĳˡ
ݣһ߰׹Ǿأ˼¾ͱûɾ
ݣǼ߰׹أȻǼʮߣپߡ
Ϊûǣ󲿷ְ׹ǶΪûʣ¼ʮ߰׹ſտյۿǰߡ
׹ȺΧĵӣͫһֱιȥǰЩûİ׹˰顣
˿ľһ¡
ǣجȴŸոտʼ
һҹκٳţˮһ˳˵ĽûٶȻȴ˸ϵ޾ľ
˾סһ
ۣȴûԤеû
еʱ󺰣˵ˣ˵ˣ˵Ҳܶˡ
ô˵ȴһ¶Ҷ˭һҶˡ
ԣں£Ҷ׳ϣ֮û°ɡ
¡
û¡
û¡
Ӧ˿
Сۣôû£ɫѵĻӡ
΢飺ۣõ
վأ޲


37 
С궪һۣһĵĲ, ûСϱҪˣôĶȲϡ
ȿȿ, ͵ؿԣ֮ںѣСѣ
С겻Ϊ⣺զˣǻܹҲɡ
׳̲סˣ˵ĸ꾫ܹһ
ͷ˵˭꾫أ
˭Ǻ꾫˵˭
һԵĽ˷ͣܲȸ£û˻Щ
úڣⶼʲôѣڴظü
׳̾㵱Ϸ°ⲻͷ, Ż֡
С˾䣺˭ͷ֣һûأ취
񳹵ûƢˣλ̣Ҳ̫߿ˡ
Ҫа취ˡ
ۿѾСȣͷϵ춼ѹơ
ڳȴûһ˸Ҷ, ˳׹ǽǼλ, 취, Щûǵһ, ȥҳһ군
׹ǽǼǺǣ۾Ȩû
ǰ׹Ƕȥ, ûûҲ׹
Ҷ, һ
Զ˽ģǰ
׳ϼ״, µŵİ٣һΪҵȶһգʹա
˺ػ˾䣺վ˵ۣ㵹һǿ
׳ɫǺ̾˲úŪ
Ÿ̾һͼһӰεض
֮ڰУұ

׳ˣֱ𣬸Ƴ޵ϵܲǽһĿģ˫ȫܡ
ĴɵӣҲ
֮һΪڿ
˼״׷뿪棬İŵӺİʿеҶһȫɵ˰С
һʱ䣬ۻҡ
ʾСصѸҶ£
׳Ϻ֮ڶһۣҲϽ˹
һɫ͸ء
ǰʶ㣬ֳ棿Ҷü׳ϡ
׳Գͨռˣ֪ôһ¡
׳룬ȷڲڲţڣе˼Ѳɭ
Ǿ˰
һ뵽ֲ²⣬㳯֮ڵϵ͹ˣȥһ»ܲ뿪ⷽء
ɵӼȻǾͱ˷ѴڸУ̽̽·ɡ
ŲĴɵӵİΣԵҲɵƵġ
ϣȻľֻܵˡ
֮ںԥߣȴֺܿȥ̫Ѿȥ
ѲҪУ
֮ʣ֪ͻƵˣ˶սô˷̫ˡ
ˣǶȥˣû뵽ϷĽȻүû԰׳һʶӲ֮󣬿ʼͷ졣
֮ڼ˱׳ﵹûôˣģģҾԲǰߡ
ɵӣ㲻ܵõ˭ϡǰߡ
׳ﱯߣŲ
˵Ҳ֮ڣԣֻҪɭ֣˭ܲȥֻһһѡ
뿪һϪڵӲ˴󰡡
Ҷ򴽣̧ۿȴɫͣϡ
ﶸȻһЩɻã
ûκηӦԾ͡
Ҷס֣񣿡
ûϣʶȴѾȫصʶ֮С
ΪԼֲˡ
ʱʶС
С궢ųٵСֲϡ棺ˣٲԼôĶ֪
Сֲ˯һ̱֪Լǽ񣬺ڽǴ壬һ˯ҲĶ࣬õ״̬ҿԽ⣬ȸְɡ
ӽʽɾˡ
һСֲ˵Խ񳤳һ
˵Сȵҿ㳤øӲһģСӰɡ
Сֲһ˦ͷС˸ˣ˵
֪˵ʱ䣬㿪ڵޡ
Сֲ˫۷СǣСޣá
Ǿͽбɡ
Сֲ۾ɴȥá
СЦһΪСء
ϾСϱҶ
һʾС㣬СֲҶӣͰˣϽȾȴҰɡ
СֲǣŤͷȥ
ȽӦѾع񣬽һ㶣ţ˭ǣ֣
ߵˣ΢١
¹⾹Ȼ͵͵֣
û°ɣҶѹʵ
Ҷһģʱѹ߰˼ѹ£а취
Ҷɫ䣬ĵȴƽ
İ취ʲôΣղΣա
ѾڰǸϽȥԵţԶ˴ġ
˵Լǻֲ˼ߵȣջ֮Შмλõˡ
׳ϲ⣺ѣǴӱԵＷѹȥֻΣգǴﻹܶһ
֮Ҳûжͬ׳ϵĻ
ǲţתȴûǲ˵ֲջ֮¡
֪ʱСӵĺ˭
ǣҶɫҶ𣿡
ֻҪҶͷ׳Ϻ֮ڻߵġ
ҶĿü䣬תͷ׳ϣǰмҪ
ŽҲȸˡ
ؼǣҶ޲ߣʱ˵а취ҲҪҽ
ҶĻ׳㶡
źӣҶѣҪˣûܾˡ
ûܾˣǱһЩڱеҲǰȺ֮
ıˡ
ŵǾ֮ģһûгɹˣٲ˱ѡ
Ĳ֮ʡ
Ҷǰ𣿡
ǡ
֮ԱϣŽļʮڵӺڵ֮Ե
Ҳҩڵ˺ʦ֣λ׳δ֪б䣬Եȫǿˡ
׳̩ɽźӣŬѹס֡
ǣġ
Ź֣ͷҪһڴĻл
Ҫ֪˸죬Ųŷ衣
Ҷе£鼱֮£ûиõˣֻϣЩ˻ǵݰ׹֮ʱ׳һڵ¡
ڵ֮ڵĻĶҡƬ̣콣ڵĵûжѡװ
ȻͻƵˣнһֱ׷콣ڿɿ
һǰ֮ԭûʲôڽڵ˵ûʲôŶȡ
ҩڵˣڿж֮󣬷׷˵˱Ե
ȻΪ׳ϣҲŽ񣬲ûбİ취ԭصһġ
ۼֻҩڵĵˣҶϪҶԸ׳֮Բ飬콣λʦ֡ʦ˿


38 
Ҷ
Ҫû, ˭档
콣ڵΪ׵ŵӲмһ, ռмλãûǴӱԵм𣬴мܻ
ҿλϪڵڿضǰɡ
ǲţҶġ
ۼƽ֣Ҳûֹͣڵ˼ֻ˵Եҩڵڽ
ҶȰ˵׳ϴҶѣ˵Щ˵ģ˰ɡ
ٵȥ, ռСһڱԵɣǵĻ͸ȡˡ
־棬ֻҡ
Ҷ£еգ˰ɡ
֮һ۵Ľڵ, ˫ֽճȭ, ٶ˵
, Щֻ֪ʱȫ, ȴ֪ԴвΣգлһܺùվŵ
ϧ, Ҷģȴδء
˱Եߣһֱǵʿȴڴʱ, ٷһ˸ȥ˱Ե
ʿȻԣҲԼơ
ҶĸȰ˵, ԵȥˣǱҲԥˡ
ʿҲŶһѵ˼Ҷ˵ԵҲû£˵м塣
һȥһס
Ҷȥ˱ԵȻǳмλģнڵĵӿڣʦ㣬ҪҪ
ɨһ֮ڵıӰҧҧûж
ǰѹΪĵĵԸһҪ콣ڵӣҪ֮Զһ㡣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˵Ҳ֪ʱڲģ֪Ầ
лڣ׼û
ʱΪ׵תͷɨһۣ³һ֣ˡ
ǰڰ׹÷λ׳ȷʵеδ֪˼
׷ڵڵڰ׹ͻʮѾϪڵһǰ˳ģֻʣ²ˡ
ʱôʲô粫һ
ڵһˣмλþֻʣһٶ콣ںͽڵĵӣԼһٶʿ
ڱԵλãڽˣҩʮˣʿһٶˡ
߾ǽһ˼С꣬Ƕ԰֡
۳ػʶеıڵˣȥڸҾջ֮ˡ
̾һӦ㶯ְɣҪ˼ˡ
ȴûһƿǾͲܿƵġ
ʱȻһͣ
λõ˻˵ԵλõˣԼܶˣһ㣬ֻؿؼ
콣ںͽڵһϲȻмȫġ
ڱԵĿ¶ֵضŻأ
ԵĽˣӶסˡ
׳ֱ죬
ʱͣмͻȻ쫷硣
λñ쫷Ѫɵˣҵľ˲ת䣬ǱԵȫ
쫷ԽԽҰ֮һƬɡ
ֱԺ𱿱ˣҪһʱˡ
£̼ѣѸչȥ
ʿ׷׶·ӣֱ뿪ġ
һعſյλãû
콣ںͽ˴
Ȼ֮໥ǣƣ໥ǰŽģǸġ
˭Ҳϣ콣ںͽôӾʹȥ
֮ڣϪں콣ڵĹϵǰǽһֱ׷콣ڡ
õ֪νɳһֻʣһ»ܡ
ڱȲִţɾɳپǽһеٮٮ߼ˡ
ԭΪΪƣڵĶ֣ǽڵ콣ڵӾͲʲô¡
û뵽㲻㣬콣ڷҵġ
֮ڱԼĶѣҴؽˣλʹ˱
λѣʹ˱ڵĵҲ뿪
ȻʮղŽĿǽɱ壬ʿѾ뿪ģЩҲûȥˡ
ʵǴҶЩ£պɱʿɭ಻ɲΣҪ
˴أʱȥһǵ֮
ʿһλ֮٣Ҳ̤ġ
½֮ͨɭ˹գʻǻᱻΪء
ܿ죬ԭؾֻʣ½Ҷ׳ϺͲڽСꡣ
׳Ͽ۲Զʿʧĳڣȥ֮Զ½
񣺡ѣ᲻ửС϶ȥǱһơ
ʿȻڷǾ˵˻ử˻ʧѾõ֮Զ½С
˴ǳģٽˣȥԶ½ֻѣǳǱĺûᡣ
ҡҡͷʱửֻửһ׷
׳һֻգҲʹ˱ɡ
һɢޣøŵһȥ
ôʯҸƫƧĵط˵
ǰҶʱˡ
Ҷ£
Ҷһ񣺡֪ǰԸϪڵĿϣһڱʾ⣬ɷ´ѶĶ
׳ռ󷨣ּʶ㣬ǽ𵤺ΪϪڵĿȫʸˡ
˴֮ںڵĵλȻϴƣΪҶȻϪڵʵ
׳룬ҲˣϷ޴ȥҶȥһϪڰɣӦҲ١
һֱˣȺ£붼롣
׳ϴӦҶһ񣺡лǰ
·ϣ׳Сʽ񣺡ѣô֪Եȫģ
ѾǵڶˣλСƺҲδ֪ı£˻
Ͼûģ˼ˡ
ģһͲ֪ľˣʲôδ֪ı¡
һǰҶ³ֱ֣
׳ϣ˲й
˵Ͳ˵˭ûˡ
һ·ģһƬӣȳ˶
û¾ͺãû¾ͺáϪڵһӵµǰϢͳˡ
ŮأϪڵǰľ˵
ڣ콣ȫûںҩڵӸӡ
ٿڣڳʮӣֻһϪȴһ˶ûȫҶ¹ʱ
⼸գļֵǣµȫţҶʲô⡣
¼Ҷȫϻο˵û¾ͺá
Ҷ򵥽һ׳ϡ
İ׵ԸϪڵĿϣϪ֮ң룬롣
һĬĽʵλҲϪڵ𣿡
ҶͷʶȻһֱϪ
һǽҩڵӣҩųϼǰ״ӡ
ĽɫͰһ񣺡񣬼
ЦŵͷԭҩڵӣǿͣϪҪ̣дܣ¡
Ǳˡ
֣֪
⼸գѾµ߶ˣһĵԭϪڵӡ
Ҷ֮󣬰ҩ¡
뵽Ц⵭Щ


39 
Ž, ǵĻĿ¶ɻ, ˵Ů
Ϊһ˿ޣʲôֶԪӤڶù
˼ˣųʶ
常Ǹûˡ
Ҷеסĸ첲תȥСʱǳǳЦţ
˼һ٣ʶ
Դӳ󶼶û¶СŮ̬ˣκ⺢ӵţҶֶӡ
ۼԽ, Խ°
ǿȴֲ̱⺢Լϲ¡
ҲҶʱ
ʮǰʣ, Ըⶨ׮𣿡
ʱҶЦ˵ֻҪΪϪں, 常͵ġ
Ժ, ⺢ӱչ, ϲδԽҲ磬·, Ҳıˡ
£̾Ѿ˻, ȻҶ˵Ů׮, ǲġ
⺢˼أϪڵδѹԼϣ̫ˣµۡ
󣬽Ҷĸ׳һ仰һԲ֮ҹʲôʱͷ֪Ҷ
Ҷ֪֮Ӧûϵɡ
ôţȴûף߲ȥҶ
ͳᣬһͷضҶ
ҶһûлͷһۣҲʲô
һпں԰ź׳ϵ֮ȥҶ
㵱ʱǹҶ𣿡
Ҷɫƽ常ڰ׹ȹңȹϪڵӡ
ԾšüϾ
һݰϪڵôıϣģҶͽࡣ
һͼıŮԿ
常̹ңΪҪ֪ͼҪǷǷҶ
ô常ܶ𱨲ɡ
Ҷû
üͷ˲šøˣԣȷڻǸ
̾ˣȥɡ
أһ£һҪ¡
ǾҶڱչͻ֮ʣ⵽ɣΪܵش
ҲһҶӦ׳ϵԭ
ϪڳԪӤ⣬ΪߵľҶˣ׳ϼ룬ʱҶϵȱʵû١
Ҷ΢ðɡ
ȥ֪ˡɫأϪںúһԪӤڵĳϣ˵˾ˣΪڡ
ҶΪڵ²κ֪ҶҶϵĶŮΪϪڵš
Ϫڣϵ
ҶϿ忴

ҶɫǣҶ˽ıʲôΪλԽɱ֣ĵ
Ůʼڵģܲġ
ҶЦǿΪɣصģþͻָġ
ΪʵǱһֻϵġ
ʱڲݣ׷Ҷͽһʱ飬ͻȻðĴһзȥΪ
ҶϺľԼĵرŰΪָڣΪȫ޵ķˡ
ΪķڵҶȴԪӤڵڵ֪֮ʱ˵
Ҷ䣬ʱԶδĸŮ
£ҲͲˡ
ٻʿǴʿ޷ͻƣ޷£ò䡣
ҶԪӤڵʿΪͻȻҲûйûж롣
Ҷϼˣ͵һȣ³һѪ
Ҷ״æȥ˷ļ硣
Ҷϳһʵϴɽ֮ʱΪΪͳ⣬㵣ģû˵ȥģҲû㣬㲻ֵɡ
ҶҡҡͷŮô
ҶϷһöĵҩת⣺˵ѽˣͶҩˣ
Ҷ΢㶣
ɱ񣬻һ
ŵҺ常ء
رܣҶһĿǵǿϧ츳˵һֱһͻƵڣˣ
ԭҪˡ
Ҷһ£糣Ůû⡣
ǲŽΪ֪ô࣬ŵӲ޹Щ£ǵ̽
Ҷ΢衣
ŶҶϵĵĲǼٵģʱĻ벻Ҳġ
ҶȻ񣬵ʱ򻹴̽Ϣ˵Ǹ˼ڣҪ
Ҷտڲ̸״ҶһһĹŮ
̾ˣ͵׽ˣȥɣȥæԼ°ɡ
Ҷ򴽣û˵ʲô
صԼסͼ׳Ѱ˹
ҶѣϷ¸˵
ǰ뽲
׳ЦǺǵߵʱһ£ҲһԲ֮ҹ㣬ϷѰ˼ʲôҪ£Ͳһԣա
Բ֮ҹǵڶռˡ
һԲ֮ҹģҶʱܿǳȥˣֱҹŻ
Ϊһ㣬׳ϲЩ⣬Բ֮ҹʲôͬѰ
Ҷޱ꣬£еָգлǰ֪
ˣϵƻûн⡣
֮ǰ˵ģһǲеģҪزܳ׽ơ
Ҷ򴽣óѶ
˰Σʼû飬˻ȥ
˵صҩڵڵλãŴҵϻȥķۺ󣬾ͷʱһΪԲģԲ׶˿
ҩڵûҲûΪѡ
ݵ£Ż֪ôеӶڹ
״˵ע˹ȥʦãл֮ģҵˣµġ
ҩڱް£߹أڰ׹ôˣ͵ǻ̵ľ϶ỤŽġ
ʱһ˼ţ֣صسŽ˰ݣʦã֮ΪԺҪõŰţĵطܷԸ
Ƕޣܱĵô룬һֱм
ĵӶԾô룬ȥԵǲǸˡ
һʱ䣬ҩڵܷܵ׷ллʦȡ
ЦЦӦ䣬ϵķΧʱǢࡣ
صҩڣȥʦ׳ϡ
׳ϽüͷΪûһ˿
΢㶣֪زԼϵ֪ʲôʱûˣãȻҡͷҲ֪
ԺСĵӻһٽϵûˣĥǱԵʡ
ǰʩµķӡѾˣΨһıֲˡ
׳ϻȻ򣺡ֲΪʦ
ԲΪΪͣͽԼ֪£Ǻ
󣬼׳óһʯǧö
ģЩϲߵĻ֪°ɡ
ʦûмƽݵ£ﰲ
ʦ˵ûʦǸΪ̵ˡ
Ҳ֪ͼ㹧ʦѾôƷҩЩʯТ˼ˡ
׳۾һͽܣΪʦû㣬ȥúԵΪʦء
İʯ˻ȥֱֵ̡


40 
ҩʵ, ԴʯҲ٣һǧöʯһ, ȻͽТģյİá
ݱ˼׳ϣȥ˲ֱǸսǵС䡣
ϴȥæ˵ҵһЩʦĲо
Ƿÿһ񣬶ûҵؼأ΢΢ʧ䣬óǰ뱾ʦ
һ룬г, ֱӰӵ˵ϡ
СⱾֶˣֶˣ㿴û
󺰣֪һͻȻĽŤж, ֱ˺
, ҿ, ֲ, 㳡ͰסˣסСмƽ
, ԡ
ýȥϵ飬С˵󻰲ͷס, 㵹Ǳа
һϴһ, ôûж
һýҳʱԭء
龹Ȼ᳤󣬲ǣⱾ龹Ȼҳ
ҳݺۣͷָעĿ׷
׷
С²ⱾӦòǼ˱˰ЩȻȥܻܲɶ׷
񵱼Ͱջشɽȥ޵ĹǺƤ
ڣͼǰ֣˴Ѷ
Ѷ֮ڡ
²Ϫںɽյ
Ŀ¶ɻʲô£
ŶСŮŮȻϡ
ȥǲȥأϪںɽҶҲյѶ˰ɡ
ϵȻͼҶڣ׳Ҳû¡
֮ڼˣæ콣÷ʦֵĻɡ˭ϣó
ɡ
Ҷȥ׳ϡ
׳һģ˭ţϷ콣ڽ£ͰˣϵżæŵؽǳΪʲô¡
СϹżҲ˵
֮ɫһںյ֪ųʧٵϢ콣ڵɽϾˣ˵״÷ˣǰһĸ֡
˶ɫãȻȻء
Ȼ˵ɱ˶ᱦĸֳ÷ǰϣǿܾ֣˵ǰɡƵģѰٵطֻҪĸʩɡͻᱻ
֮һ˵꣬ƲҾɽϾǸѹΪߵĺˣŪЩͷҲΪ֣ΪöԿס
óµԿףɫӡ
׳ϳһѺӣȻµˣֱӰԿ׽ȥûˣϳʲô
֮ǳ鶯콣ڵɽһͳĸˣǶʰˡ
ԣ˷ֱǽڵĹųϡ콣ڵ÷ɽϡ
ųϺ÷ˣɽϼԿף뱨ޡ
ҶҲ뵽һ㣬üԷ²ֻΪԿףѰ𡣡
֮ڲ˵Ǹ÷ˣҲ޷Ѷյ÷ĴѶĸ֡
棬÷ͷУѶһǽͷǵ鷳ˣ˵ʱѾҩںϪˣǲ֪ĸǺ׼׳ϱ˵Ѱ˼
ָǰͻȻֵĹ㣺Ѿˡ
ţҶҲյ˴Ѷһҵġ
˶һۣ˭ûżߣôҲ¶
׳һĴȣܰɣȸСȥס
ܷ֮˸ۣܵ浱˶һһ˳ԱȫҲ
ǽҶϪ˵ϵΣµܣǲǿӵ
Ҷ̲ס׳ϣǰϪڵĿϡʯТ֡
Ȼ֪׳϶ϪڻûʲôУһ¾ܺ
׳ºӣܾͲܣһϪڸǹУ˭콣ôġ
ڿϪڵˣ콣ܲΪ˱˽Ϫְɡ
˵ҶأϪڿ϶Ụǵġ
ǲ֪ͷһڵ콣ڣϪڵСܲС
Ҷԣ۽񣺡ǻȸԻڣӦһڴˣӳ顣
ȻΪ䣬ϾϪڵĳϣѾãǱҪǲҪýϪˡ
ߣԲ֮ҹ
ûﴽϲȥҲ̫ģ׳ϣҼŶƤ޹ǡ
ܻ׷ˣ׳ϴ֮תϲĶ׷ӱܷ弶׷
弶׷ըԪӤڻˮ£ǻҲõ
Цŵͷⲻ
׳ʱѴʮŶƤ˳˵֣ϵˡ
һԣ֮ҲóŶƤɰͰ͵Ҳ㣬ǡ㻭׷ܲһţҿԸʯҾһŰ
˵⻰Щ죬ʵ
Գȥµ¡
ʧһԪӤڵĳϣֻʣһԪӤ֮پ
ڵӶûм֮ʵǵǽڵĴ
վߵ׳һͷһƣʲôأƤͲͬһƤôңѵ׷Ƿ𣿡
ô˵׳ȴ۰Ͱ͵Ž
˼ǣ㿴Ƥһ㶼򲻵ϷôʮŶˣܲҲһŸҰ
һ㶣̶ЦɣԻһһţûʯ򡣡
ɭһ꣬ٹͬһһţҲδˡ
׳ϴЦСѴ
֮ڲ˼ƿߣл
ҶݸܾûжƤҡ
һԶĵ㲻øƤһŵġ
Ҷ򴽣ûپܾ۵һ˿ײЦ⡣
׳ϵۣԴҪ̫ԡ
֮Ƶͷûп
鵽˵鶼࣬ģϲѹΪԪӤڴܣǴ򲻹
һ壬û뵽ڣܻ׷ˣǻʲôһըһ
Իں󣬽͸ż׳ҩ
ڷţλϣ콣ڵųɽųűɽ˶ԪӤڴܡ
ϽȥϪڵλųɽҩڵλųϱɽ
˲²ǸӦ÷ʦɽϣڱɽǲ֪飬װͿǾͲ֪ˡ
ɽѾٶ꣬òһ긾ˣЦǺǵλǽСѰɣҩ˸˲õ޵Ӱ
׳ϲ˿̫ŵ̬ȻƣҲľͺá
ɽϹˣ֪ѰͽΪ£
ɽ䣺ʲôͽˮɲУҪˮ
׳һ飬Ȼ콣ڵıɽ϶û뵽
һЩ˵ͽΪʲô¶
ɽЦŵͷŶˮˮͺãˮһ˰ɡ
׳ס˵ĳ嶯һ侲Ҫȥģ


41 
ɽЦǺǣС, ʦȥأȥϪڰɡ
Ϸû˵ȥ״, ޲һɤӺ졣
ɽϰڰ֪Ҳȥһ߰ɡ
׳ϣҲȥǸá
̫ˣѾ
ĬظϣɽҪȥϪڣĸ롣
ΪֹԻǸ÷ʦɽôλıɽǷ֪أ
һշ̫, ʵе㲻á
ͽһϪڵ֮ҲԼģĸҲˡ
ϪߣҶΪ죬˳, ԽӴɽϡ
ȺһЩıɽ, ɽǸ, Ц, ʵҲٶˡ
һݣǾ콣ӣһѡ
ɽȻ˶, ҾͲϻˣҵİͽ÷ǰһöĸ, һϵȷɡһСɱ˶ᱦ, ǰɡƣֻҪˣһ֪̽ĸվɡ
Ϫڵĵ̣ڣĸҲҶԼ׺Ĭؿ
ﲻãѾҶ˵˱˰ɱ£뷨Ҳһޣ콣ڷǽѰ
֪Կ֮ϣ´ĸˣһҲȲãﰵ޼ˣҲһ㲻Ϫڷ
յɽϱ𼱣Ⱥȱ裬Ϸܺ棬ļȻѶͽôѶȥģ
ɽ޼ɵ÷֮ϢͨͲˡ
˵ˣ˵оУ÷Ѿˣ޿ɲ顣
Ĭһ˲ɽô̽飿
Ҷ˵ɡֻ׳ϣ׳ϪڵĿϣûš
ʱʵ޷ճɴͰ׳ӳȥٰ˽ӻţϪڣ콣Ŀˣܲڰɡ
Ǿ͵ͬսˡ
һȻ޷ӣǾһһӦ䡣
ɽϼ̬һ򵥣ֻҪվһţʱӡΪɡ
ؿɽɽϿܱ֤ڽδ֮ǰǷֺܱ֤Ϫھϡ
̬˲ǿӲɽ治ɫĲֻҪûɱ˶ᱦ֮£Բˡ
ʹʧͽʧȥ˹ųϵǸǱӴܻص콣ڵʱ򣬾һˡ
ˣߣˣϪںͽڻܰô
ʵһֱôҩڣ͸õˣȫžһԪӤڣкοɾ塣
콣ھ̫ʴˣЩСŵĵԽԽ
Ĭˣǲܱ֤ˣڵֿҩڵļףһʱû
ɽһۣѲɱ˶ᱦ಻ɣˣ콣ڶҪΪȥĵָ
콣ʩѹ
˲ɿһֱıɽϣ⵽콣ڵ˼ɽһ˵˼
ɽϵͷȲ裬ʲôûʲôҲû
ʲô̾ɽϣǷɱ˶ᱦûжۣȷʵŵӣ콣Ϊ֮ף£ĺ
ɽЦһ𣬿콣һδء
ƺȲ裬콣ڵƵģŵӲ
ǵþ콣ڵ˲
ɽ˵İʢչض겻ɽųһλԸ˾ţ콣ھ˵㡣
ˣǾ͸ԷΪɣҷˡ
ûж֣ɵӲϡ
׳գգۣզѽѵĶ׷
ɫ䣬ţգۣ֪
ʱɽ䲻ط²豭Ϊôɣͱɵˣ˻Ǵãɵӡ
˵껹գգ۾һֲ´ӡ
׳ϷӦ죬ֱվǰȿڵ콣ڲҪ̫ҿ˭Ҷͽһԡ
ҩǳص𣬾Ϊʵҩж
ԣҲ֮ǰһ˿ţɽҪҶ񣿡
ǽ׷콣ڶ꣬Ҳʧء
û˵ʲôڰ֣ʾҶԼ
׳ͻȻһû˻š
ɽǿŭɽ϶ˣҲ˲ɣ
̫Űʲôæ
˻һۣûãûҲײҷɽˡ
һ񣬵ʱȥ˵ȥѲҪ콣Ҳδشù
Ͼ콣ڵǻڴܣĿǰΪĴڡ
˶ɵˣùкá
ɽϼ״ЦվɽûˮûȥˣϽҲɢˣȥˮ
ɽɫѿ֪ǲܴĿˣﰵһ
Ȼִĸ֣Ǿݹ콣ˡ˵꣬ûᱱɽϾˡ
ɽҲŽЦǺǵҪˮҪܣȥǵðҸĳá
˵Ҳˡ
׳ɫŹֵɽ̫ʲô˼
ǶϺͿˣ˵Ļֺڰǡ
˼Ҫܣ򳤱ʺãѵλıɽʶλǰ
һס
ϣ֪ſԸϪͶ
콣ڲưոݣҲҪ㡣
һæҽҲд⣬֪Ρ
һ£콣Ǳˣ˵ͻǽڵ鷳
Ϫúãһϣһ𣬹˲ܱȫ
ȻСܱš
ǵµĽڡ
˵ǷֻûжۣɽӲǿὲ
ֵϵҶǱϵһֱҩ£ϸᡣ
ҩһֱλڣȻ̡
˻ᣬѶͽҩڣ콣ڴˣǰȫġ
գۼĵļ΢飬ڣҵ㲻Ҫ̫ԡ
ԭûͶҩһС˰һ츳׿ı쵥Ӧô졣
ӣϷҲ޷һһǴ𸴡
ˣʹѶһţֱԼĴѶ˵һ
ҩڵŷźܿ죬֣ˡ
˼ǣСŵͶˣ֮쵥Ҳˡ
׳ûκ⣬ҩȱԴҲȱʯҩݣǲ콣ͼʲôֻͼСŵТ
ټһȥ׬ˡ
콣ڻ᲻ҩڣֻҪ콣ǸڵǾͲ¡
ǸĻ£Ӧòɽˣûɽ϶𣬻ԥʲôˡ
λʱһֻҪҩڵͷպ㲻ȣ̫
ֱӰѶǱһƣתˡ
֮Ծվ󣬰Ͱͺһʦ㡣


42 
񣺡黹ôչ
ѵŮעһĶɣ
Ҷźۼؿһ, ɫĮȻջߡ
ߺҶطüһ
ԥ˺þ, óѶԼٶȴ·һľԼᷴƵġ
ߣջҩھյҶĴѶֻĸ֣硣
֮һѵȻʱסˣǻǰԭƻһΪס
ԭļƻǣҪһһ׷ء
Ŷ, Ҷһš
šͷû
صԼ䣬ɽϵĻС꣺С֪λǰ콣ڵıɽʶ𣿡
֪, û˵ĸǰ콣ڵĳн鰡
űɽϵһһ, ܾλɽϲ, ϿЩϺͿ, ʵϻһֱĿ
ȻֻĲ²⣬ûеõ֤, һʱҲû֤
ȲЩˣԻ׷
˻ͷ, ʳָ
һ۸ԼŰѪţȻÿζôһ, Ļл
ۣҲûŰ
СҪҴΣŰѪٰҽѰɡ
ϢС䲻Ϳ
Ӧͷ
ȥ֮ǰ꣺ɶС꣬ǿЦġ
û
СɫڨڨػΣСĻȥˣͷ͸ɡ
ֱýƽָȻóʹؽѪ
ûбܸɵĺˡ
ѵģΪСûӹѪŽָʵڵһ
˻ҸƲ
С귭˸ۣҰæ㻹ңǲʶġ
ָ֪¡
һ֣лл㣬Ͻؽɡ
ֵʳָӣ˿ڻ
⻹࣬´ҿƺȡһˡСƵͷƻص
񣺡ģݣԺԼ
ӽˮˣС귴ָ
ŽӺõİѪóǱʦ˵ʼ
ΪԼѪøġ
һѶʮƤ꣬óһСƿʣµСѪϸſʼ׷
Ѫһζ˷ѣʮָģʵۡ
󣬶ʮƤɹʮŶ׷
Ű׷յԺС꼱͵
ʮţ˵кҪΪȵġ
ܹʮš
Ҫ׳Ϻ֮ڸһţ˼Ҷֹһš
Сθڻٴһ
´ٸ㡣
С겻ĵԶţô˵㻰أҲܣҪʮš
Ƕ׷ͷ˵ԪӤڶըɻң౸š
Сһˡ
ЦЦСʮš
ؼʱ̣СҲҪֵģ˭Ŷһ
һҶľˡ
¹һʼܾţӦòɡ
ڶ죬ٽ硣
֮ҽ
ʦ㣬ȻҰᵽɣýҲиӦ
ǺһЦףǱ쵥ŵӣҪ
βСһɣ롣
֮ڱ˱૵ҲǵȻȥҲɡ
زģʵǲ̤ʵ
иϤסýһ㣬Ҳ㡣
ŵӣҲסšʰţԥؾܾ֮ڵ顣
֮ɫȻظϣû˵ʲô
ϪںɽҶ׳Ѿˡ
سŵóʣµŶ׷
׳Ϻ֮ڸӹһţ㶼ŽĶ
ԴģҶء
Ƭ̣ݸҶһš
Ҷü۳Լ׷һԲ
һҧָһţҪһŰûȫɹֻȸˡ
˵ڣЩȣϾԼ֮ǰųԣֹ˼һš
ȷʵûһţţҲ˵˰ɡ
׳Ϻ֮ڶһۣп
Ϊ͸ԼһŰ
Ҷһž㹻
˵ţʹ㻹һš
æҡͷãһž͹ˣ˵ö㼸ŵģɡ
Ҷؿһۣ׷պá
ʱСͻȻΣһ׷ҫǼûһ˶࣬ʮţĽɡ
׳źӵһP
֮ؿ۽ֿɫҶкϷˡ
񣺡˲С꣬ȥ
˱˻ԣܲܿһ±˵ĸܡ
죬֪ôģĪ飬ЩȥҶı顣
ҶֻɨСһۣޱƿߡ
󣬵ΪգҲȣȴĪ
׳ϸЦԲǸ˵°ɡ
߯˵㣬˵õԴأ鱻ԴĲҶϰ׵Сꡣ
԰˵°ɡС긽һ˵ôٵأ
ҶһۣŮһһ˫˵һԾԾԡ
Ҷѣô׳ϼҶ񣬲ĵغһ䣬žǰɡ
Ҷ常Ļĸûɱ˶ᱦһ£ûиǹ׶ֻۣ·һ֤ףǵ콣вС
ô֤ףǸɽϼȻǣóȷ֤˭˭֤ʲôռˡüǸıɽϡ
콣ڵģɽ˵
׳ϵ̾һ磬Ƿ˽ţǷǽ֤ݣ˭ǿ˭
ȻΪδҶƵΪǿʳǿߣΪ߰ˡ
ɫ΢ˡ
ǿΪ磬˭߽
ҶǳĬῪڣ콣ǿΪѣҲȥҩڡ
ҶҲȥҩڱѣϷأ׳𾪣ȥȥǴ
Ҳ𾪣¹Ҳȥҩڣ
ҶûӦ
׳ϣ񻰣ҪһߣҪһ
ĵ̾¹ӣܶϪֻԼ
֪ΪʲôﾹȻһ˿źҶҲȥҩڣԺԲ֮ҹƾͷˡ
˵Բ֮ҹ
һ׳ϣǰһԲ֮ҹʲôʱ𣿡
׳ȥҶΪҶ߽أ
Ҷ򴽣ûϵô˳̧ʱˣټʱѶǡ
׳죬εسһѺӣûȻأɢˣ
ǰͷһ䣺Բ֮ҹ
Ȼ֪֮Բ֮ҹʲôܣΪ˺ȻܽУȻҪ֪һµġ
ԶҶƺͣһ£Զ
񾪵۾ˣԲ֮ҹ
¹Ѿ֪˰ɣ
֪˻
ʦ㣬Բ֮ҹô𣿡֮Ҳ֪⻰ʣʵǺ档
񵭵ɨһۣ£ٴ


43 
֮ڱҭһ, ŽŤͷȥǺһ, ôоҶ̫˵ӡ
Բ֮ҹʲôõ·
뱨˼Ƕ˵һ䣺ʦ㣬ʲôҪæ֮ǡ
ٿȻսɫ
ɱɱɱ
һ΢䣺æ¡
֮ɫĽ񣬲֪Լ˵ʲôʦ粻, ˲ĥ
һصҩڣظҡ
ص䣬ɫɲÿ¹Ϊʲô֪Բ֮ҹȴ֪ͨأ
ѵǷˣ
ֲˣ
, ˣС鲻̫õ, ǰ, ʵ
Ϊ֮ڣΪҶ
ܹ鲻ΪɽϷѵ, Сƾֱųܡ
ҡҡͷ¡
Сһţ²Ϊ֮ڶҶδҾ֪СĲҶҵδ, Ҳġ
µ߽Ĵ˶츳׿, ˿ڵŵӡ
δޣҲҪһ
һ, ûĵĵδǰ¹⣬ǰΪŮȴ֪Сꡣ
С˵²ѲΪҶģ
ΣûзϣҲ㲻ϲģǲΪֲˣ
ѵΪģȥ̶ˣ
С뵽һȥˣѵΪģȥ̶ˣ㲻а
ô˵񲻽⡣
вʲôϵ
СٺһЦϴͷһذɣ϶û飬˼ҶòˣԸȥ̶Ҳ㣬¡
ŷɷнµС꣬˸ۣٶ˵
Сĺĺòá
ҶţѵԼУ
һɡ
С겻֪뵽ʲôսȻǽȥ̶ţξͱұˣо飬Ҹ֧С
;ô̼ô죬뿴
Ƴһۣ㾭ḻ㲻û˫/޹𣿡
СһͣƲ˭أûԹ⻹ûܰ
Ŀ¶㵣ͷҿû͵ˣ˵㲻˼ҶĲҡ
˻СóĽЩԽܣҶ
ôܡ
£óһöѶ
Բ֮ҹ
ֻôһ仰صĵǿ졣
֡
֪
һȻ֪֪
ûɵһƣִһ䡣
㲻𡣡
ûлӦڽԼ˵ֱ̫׵ʱǰй㸡
л
֣Լܷ࣬ϰ¹˵
ǡлǼ˼
üģ벻Ȼ
֪ˣ˼ԺòˣлϴΰæһϣҶ˺̶ͲҪ㣬жĥɱ¿С֮طţ߷ߡ
ֱ̫ˣҶôԽأΪ̫ˡ
ǿάסԼı飺ܻܲʣʲôжĥɱ¿
Ų¿
СȰ˸ʣҾǾΪ˲ôжĥɱء
Ǻǣлл㣬¿ء
Ъ˸Сг˼ߵǰꡣ
Ҷʲô˼أ
ܲܿ¶Ρ
СҲ˹겻Сϻȥ̶𣿡
˵꣬žǴ衣
һóѶ
´ˡ
λصø򵥣һ֡
š
ʱ᲻ѣʲôţҶû˼
ͷ̾һִһ䡣
죬Уһ˾Ͳˡ
ֻһ֡
š
˫ֽգš͵Ķ黨ˣҶײװ
ҲҶؼְ
ĴѶһӣȴ֪˵ʲô
ô˵ۼֿСֱһ֣˳ȥ
֪ǲˣȥ̶ˣ˫/ޣȥҲС
С˵Ѿļǵġ
С곤һ¿ʹˡ
񣺡
ҧɱꡣ
Сһһ£Ҷô˵´Ľ
죬õҲ㡣
ҶҲɱꡣ
СһۣĵҲǻһ֡
ΣҶصøá
Σ㴩Ļǰ
常ҽȥҩڰݷһ鸽֮¡
СɵۣǶ´ˣǲңǲ㣬ӻ磬û˼ιô˵
𾪣һʱز
ﴽĵ´ˣؽɡ
С꣬Ըķ䣬ҿɲԶŵ
𽣣ɾĴ̨һš
顯һؽ
С꿴ͷܣĵ壬û
ףܾﲻԵӣ
⣬һŭ𣺡Ҳû¶԰һꡣ
ЦЦƴұ˰ѪˣģɲܽҪһԳеҿ㡣
СĥһǵȻ˵㻰ؾȷŹˣͿðɡ
ʵ
ߣ֪ͺá
Сر۾ɫҲͣˡ
ǹռҹգƺ̽ͷ
ҹɫ̤¶
Ҷѣסڴ˴
лҽɡ
ϤɽȪö
Сһ˹ĵֱӽ죺񣬽ҶˣҶˡ
ӦţҶȥɨһ۴̨ϵĳصţҪһ˵Ŷҿ㡣
С걻ûزø
񲻻ͲµҶɡ
ˣ
С//У׼飬Ƭ̺䵽˴̨ϡ
ˣҪһýԶš
ڣҶһϮ°ɫۣü۳䡣
𣿡ĵĪţ˸ͷ
ߡ
Ҷһۣϵֱߡ
һ𣬰¹ֱӣˡ
Ҷɵ棬Ҳ֣ĬĬɵࡣ
棬ɫᣬĿҲ¡
Ǿţ˭Ҳûг
ŬƽŻԼԵ򶨵㡣
ҶʼվģƳ·ֻǻ˸ض˯
һۣĵԻһ¡
¹ʹô˯ˣ
ˣ
ǸҶоô
пɡҶӦһ䵭
С갵һ治նˣϽⰡ
ʲô˵ԶţⲻûһǿԵİɡ
䳤ϣ˭ס˭ɵӡ
ʱҶĺƺƽȡ
˱۾˶һʧصĸо
أס߬һָ
ֱָʮָۡ
ҶһԺкһ쫷ҡҡεǡ
񡭡


44 

ǿһ˵ɭ, Ƹվһꡣ
泩¡
С¹Ϫ, ԼĻԡ
ֱԶһΥĽŲ
̧йһ֮ԵŮˡ
˶ᣬϴλҪС
˿̽С¹Ķ䡣
С¹ϴ¶ȴһ˿ڴ
۾˸ḧ䡣
С¹Լ壬˲ιۻԡ
ɾɡ
˵ĺĪ, طŵ˻ϡ
ǺߴŵĻ˲һǲš
ֻһ£㶶ɢ顣
ϸˮʣ˵ָ˿˿⡣
˻㱵ͷ, Լָ
˳ʳָ, ָǳһ˿, ոս衣
ˮһ, ˿ǳǳۣкɫ֡
ָϸĻ, Դϡ
˺֪طӦĬĬ֡
ǣԵĻٴš
Ϊš
, Ȼ
·ӭ˾Υĳӿֳ
˵߱, ʿˮƺÿˡ
ڸˮ
ϸ峺㸡
ʹͷ
˶΢٣εջһ㡣
ջȥǰϪˮ
ջ⡣
һڡ
·ܽһ·Ŀʡ
̼䣬仨˷
С¹ֻͷס˵ķ
ƬƬƣӿס˵Ķ
˵ĺȻء
ܵޱߵĿ
ȣŨҡ
̰
ԡ

ϾС¹ΪУصĻԼӡ
֪ȥ˶á
˵ָܵ˷ۡ
ȴͣ
ֻ֡
Ǹս˿ڻۡ
ٴ
ϵĴУŵС¹
С¹ҡ

㡭
ȴһץס
С¹̲סĵĻߣȴһֶ˵ڡ
£¡
غһ
ȴһ˿Ҳжȥݺݵƺ
ƣա
õ⾰ɫ˽ء
ǡ
ͷ
ƿƲ㡣
һһ䡣
ֱС¹ɤƣ˯ȥ
˻㱻ͷĽСĲá
ǶԴޱıһ㣬°С¹ѡ
ҹ޷
⡣
һ֮Ĵ̨ϡ
ԭĳ֪ʱܵԺſڡ
С쳤̾ĺúꡣ
òء
ʵϣһǷǵĶ;ô̼̫󣬲ŲԶһ㡣
˲ⲻ۸û
ֱĽˡ


45 
, ŲĽ־ҪĹɺ
С˳򶫱ߵ, ϼȵɢ̫Ѿ¶һǡ
һӰϼ߽˽СԺ
С꿴ˣʱΣаȽ˾ͽװԺŰɣԺһרˡ
֮ڼСվԺм䣬˸кС磬ʦأ
Сһת, ˸ڣһͻƣûռ㡣
˼С˫/һϣйСӡ
䣬վһס
ͷ˲ܲ, 
쫷ŵСԺϷ, ʱ
ף׽, ʦԾͻˣ֮ڴ, Ҫ֪Ϊ˽ڣͻƵʱŻס
ͻƵԪӤԪӤͻƵ, ͻƵǾŵǷ
컹ڵΪһϵĹȻͻƵԪӤˣ
Ҳ̫˰, Եҩûô졣
СҲһ𾪣ȷ, Ҳܲ
֮ڣ
֮ͷʺţÿֶܼ򵥣ôأ
ʲôпҲܲ
Сһ㵽˽֮
̨Ͽ϶ǲȥˣͱ׸ԭα¶
ܿ죬ҩڵ˷׷׳׾ۼλøҲˡ
״ʱһ±ˡ
ŲҴңµա
˭˯أҡˡ
ԭΪ¹Ҫ˵ʲôĻأֱ˾䣺뿪Ҫɽˡ
Ҷֻü˵ôһ仰Ŀʼתס
ôл㱵سš
ʶȥ̨ϣСأ
֮ûȥ
ɵȥһôˣҷɰ
ɿ֮ڵ֣һһҸһѽ
֮ĿɿڴָŽʦ㣬㡭㲻ڶɽ𣿡
ôûһܳˣؼ׻ûŶԾɶ׼ݶ
ѲӳɾˣҪԪӤڴ
ҡ
죬һͰŮץˡ
֮ڴݹȥһת޷⣬Ե˭ڶɽ٣
˭ڶɽ٣ſ˳
Ƚش𣬼׳Ͻ͵ӦϪڵҶãڽ
·ĵ˵ҶҪģ˵뽭ǹʽⰲס
ԣ¶Ϫڵôû뵽һͻˣҩڻһˮذ
һԵ֮ĬԲ֮ҹš
ŽҶܽԲ֮ҹӣĻʲôõ·һ
û뵽ôľϲ
֮Ѱ˼أ׾ͱһġ
ͷͻȻðƳվŵһˣ˵Ļ˻ȥ
׳ϲû֮ڣǿ˽񣺡Сѣּˡ
ܲһҶ˵ҩڣôˡ
Ųһ˴Ϫڡ
찡ҶһͻƵĽ𵤺ڣôʯһ㶯ûС
ٿ˼ңѾڶ׽ˡ
׳뵽Ծض࿴˽ָۣȥһ㡣
ֿʱҶûһͻƵļһϵĹͶɽˣ
׳ЦЦʵǰɽΣ𣿡
¹ûᱻûˡ
ġ
׳ϺٺһЦɽٱʲôգһף֪ʿ֮ΪǵҲУҶӦû¡
ô˵
ǸʵڿסӲӲһҡ
׳ѹָسգգۡ
ˣǸָ׷ĵͻȻͺúڣ֪ͶҶһˡ
ɽٵҶֻŷ
׳ϼ˼ֵСѣϷ˵ʵʲôˣҶôһգ۾ͻˣɲС£һȣ鷳ʹˡ
˵֪Ҷʲô
ղһָ׳϶һŵҶ˻ԵĻԵӦ˽ϡ
֮ҶͻƵԪӤڣΪ
Ŀ׳ϣʲô
صغҶĸ
عǾ
˫/£Ȼἰ
ѵǶˣ
׳ϳһѺӣһصǶʲôϷ˵˵ȿȣǵҶѣΪͻʱҲδǺ£֪ʲô𣬾˼
ԲΪ˽ģҶʲôأ
˵Ҳܶء
ĿеضԼ׳ϣʲô
԰ʲôϷ˵˵
ˡƿߣ۵ס
׳һһѺӳ
ôأ
Ķ򰡣
׳ϿŲ̸Ľ񣬳̾һ
ļԲãֻҶˡ
·𿴵һڵԼԪӤڴܵΪٻ
ʱѾһɣ£Ҫļơ
Ծ˵һ׽ٲô̡ϵƣæԸ˺һЩ
׳ڶȷԼĲ²⡣
ҶΪӭ׽٣ԵΪ
ǰͰı£ǾҪܼӱĿ顣
׽£//ϢĹû
ã̫ҶڵΪסָߺһŵ˺һЩ
ˣ
ôУ۳ڳľΪߣҲҶװ
һи⣬ҩھȺˡ
۵£ҩڵ˲Ųɡ
·ҶҲ֪һ㣬üתֱֵ׷
ܷӳ弶׷һɵ׽ײһ
է죬¡ͣ
ɵóһԵļ׳ϣϵܰθһ°°
ԭֻȥμĵ˵Ϫڵٳףʿס
һϪͶϣʹӦˣҶٳסʿ鷳Ҳֵˡ
ɷһ£ǽڵסԪӤڴҲÿվ
Ǽ鷳ҩǼ񵽱˰
ʲô콣ڣӽϪھ׶ӣҶŮ˭Ҳܶһ¡
ĵö⣬һɢæŷӰ˹ȥû°ɣΪǣò
ͰģʧɢŮ
Ҷǳǳһ񣺡Ҷݼ
ϪѾ鸽ҩڣҲϪڵӵĴ
⺢ӣ⣬Ҹ常ͬ㣬ԺҲͺãԺҩھĵڶңЩͺá
̬̫ѺãҶЩܳ
񣬿űɷСԺԺӡ
Ҷ˵ԼɺõĻˬһЦŵС£󷽾һ鱦أԣůԺ㾡סǡ
Ҷ򴽣Ժǽġ
ţ
΢㶣һʱ̫ˣҶֻҩסգ˼Ҳҩڵӡ
ͷ
ҩڵӰɣҵ״ӣҩڵԼҡ
ʱһ


46 
׳ϸɰͰ͵, ҵ״ӡ
Ϊϲķ̫۸ˡ
ܲһų, ôĿŵͽء
Ӧһ£ǽԺͺһסķˮذɡ
һ֮Լҳϵ״ӣЩס
Ⱑʮ֮˾š
ҶסһˣϵӦòһˡ
˵̫ӦڽЩز
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ҷúƣ˾Щ졣
ֻ׳ź, һȻ
ϼһһǿ׷
ϧϼһȻãǲ㡣
ĺֹ׷ửĽǿ鱦Ҷ֮, ĸ򵥡
Ϫںͽڶ鸽ҩ, Ҷҩڱ, ֶ֮ҩڵӡ
ҩذ, Ǽ˴ˣ۲
κֻһɢޣȻߵ͵ð, ŶС
ʱ֮ǰһҩڵŵҲɶ
, ֧Ԯ, ˵콣ڴˡ
֮ڿ崫Ѷĵ׵ʯͷȴ˵أ콣ڹȻ׼ýڿǻӡ
˲ɿ
ҩʵһֱµּߣҪ
ܱӣǲġ
д콣̫ڵϳԮڡһ֣
ĵʱٻ׵Ҷڣʲôˡ
ʱҩóֱ֣Ҷټӡ
ͻƵԪӤڵС͸÷ȣ
;ð
ҩڵӿĪ˷һɣǱ˶˰ɣ
˵õܱأ˵õĲҪʯͷأ
ǵĴ
ɣҩڵôӣҪӲһˡ
ǣҩڵķֳˣų⣬ųϴΪϵĵӣİٶ˶˷ۡ
ͼ׳ǰС˵ʲôڵӴҴһ£ȥˣǸͷ콣ڸɣ
УӰһۣĿ£
ҶѣϷм㡣׳˷֣ܵĶҪˡ
֮ҲĬĬ˹ĸߵλá
еƼˣҶڳ˵羢ʶȤվԶЩЦЦ
˾׳ϱĿƵҶҶ񶼸ʲô
ҶԿ˽һۣ䣬ɬѱ档
ΪҶһҲһˡ
û뵽Ҷҹûжǰɷһ
ãȥǱߡ
۳׳һ˷ܵǰ棬Ҷ߿
֮ڶһۣԱվã۽ǵⲻʱɨŽӰ

Ҷ˵ʲô׳æʡ
ʲô»ҪܿˣѵĪĻԵ
Ҷüƽҹ뽭˫/ޣѪˣͻˡ
׳ϣ
˻Ϊ̫𾪣Ӷ
׳һߵһߴɫѵҶ
˲򵥰ʲô֮ʶ治ɫ˵ˡ
˼ǣΪѪ
Ҷͷֻǲ²⣬Բ׳ȷһ¡
׳ϵ常ȻҲǳܹ鲻ø常˵ڡ
׳֪ͨϢ࣬ռ
˵Ҳѡ
׳ϳƬ̣Ǵ֮壬ƫľľľԣһԲΪԴ
ǵϵˮҶ
Ͷˣˮˮľľ𣬴֮Ѫ𣬻ˮл֣Ĵ֮Ѫܷ㣬գա
֣һ˶С
׳۷ֱ˵Ҳ̫ˣײȻ̻ת
Ҳˣʲôһ㣬ĸͻ츳͡
Ǵ֮ģ⣬ȴܻȱݣγɱջ
ҶպǱջ
Ҷգ鲢ɣԣֻҪǵϵˮγ֣
׳ҡͷҲ֮֮ˮˮ֮츳Ҳͬв죬οͺ˵һҲΪ
ܽ⽭ֻżȻ˱˲˵ܷܵסǴ֮ѪǽҲδֺһвؾͻ˼
ֻ֮żȻ¼ˮǱҪɹ
ؼڣҶǡˮ뽭ศɡ
ҶĪԭˡ
Ի˱˲ﲻܻγ֡
Ҷ˹ǣַɿѹסߴһ˿Ц⣬ģĿ
׳ϳ˳ӣźĶ򰡣ȻԵʲô˶ġ
뵽ѹѵҶѣ򲻿ñ֪һҪŹԵɵ£ָտɴϧϷˮȻҪһԡ
һ䣬оͻȻ쬵ġ
ӭҶñĿ⣬׳ϸЦϷ˵ЦģҶѱ棬Ǻǡ
ٿȻǰһüӹ
ǰˣԲᵱ档Ҷջرתȥ
׳һԵڵأвᵱ棡
滹ýŻЩˣһģʲôʱѧϰװ
ǻ˵ˣǽô졣
¹ⲻ˫/޵¸׳˰ɣӦòᣬҶӣǲ˫/һµġ
׳ԴҶҶѣʱǻǶߣΣҩڵϼһϣмǲա
δܷĴܰȿɽýţܳ˲
Ҷͷ׳ϵĻӵؿ۽
Ĵ֮ѪԷ˵Ҳ࣬ΪβͻƵס
ѵΪȱ
ʱĳոѵСֲ꽭ڶȻ֮ش˸á
ˣʲôڽʶʵ
ôͻȻͲУͽľ˫ľһ֮Ѫȴ봿֮ˡ
ľ𣬶ȱˮȱȱ
СֲҪٳ˯һʱû뵽ͻȻӿԴԴϵ֮
Ϊ֮ǰ˻֮
ȽشС꿪ڵֻ֪˯Ȼ֪ʲô£
ݺͽ廹ûΣôȴʲôû˷Ѱ
ǣָ˭ץס˹ؼʡ
СٺһЦǽСϱǸ°ɫ۵ĴˣҶ˳˯˫/һ
ûɣźɡ
ɲһĽ
ҶͻȻ۾һǵϵˮ
ţֻ񣺡ˣˮǸ֮ϵˮȥ˫/ޣǾͶΪˡ
Ѿ˻֮Ҷ˫/ޣ֮ͿΪˡ
ԺĴʵʲô˼֮ʲôôΪ
һóۣԣֻҪ˸Сϱ˫/ޣͶܿΪˡ
һ£ҵСϱ
Ʋ˫/ޣҲֻΪ˽ƣҶͻΪǡ
һ£²۵˵
ΪҶǽĵ£Ϊ˿˫/ء
С˴У񣬿ȢһҪҶΪ£׬ˣǼֱһԡ
ʲô츳㣬ʲôȱҶһȫܶϡ
Ⱥ£ôֲأ
컯󰡡
СпһҶ񶼷Źˡ
Խ˵ҶǿĴԵ
ߵģĻԵ
㵵ؿһҶһԣ
Ͱ¹⣿
ԭڻһԣ
ôеأ


47 
Ҷ, ĵһƬӡ
ҶĴ˹ȥ
ֻ˻δ˵ϻ, ҩڵӻҶ롣
Ҷ㳯һͷҩڵȥǰ档
۵ٶȺܿ죬Ϊڱ콣ڣһֱ鸽·ϻҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҷߣ׳æյߣһס֣ѣС϶и֮, ֪ܷӦ
֣ǰ˵ʲô¡
ô˵ġ
׳ס֣۾ѣͷһؼ;Ե, 㿴ǽΪô
Ҷ䵭, ΪϪڿϵ, ָʳĹϵˡ
н, Ҷ˵ˡ
뽭ΪãҶδ÷򣬰, ϱ
ǹϵɾͲһˣҶˡ
ҽ컯ҲСôԼ
׳, ɫϱ仯۵׵Ĺʸ
, 롣
׳ּ֣ҿԽô󷨣ݸߵȼķ϶аӣúÿǿǡ
Ҳͬ⡣
֮һݲ׳Ϻͽ֮䣬Է֡
ǼǺģǵλ͵ģˡ
˽֣ô졣
Ųˡ
׳Ϸ˸ۣϵܣû£һߴȥ
Ĵͷ⣬
֮ڴ粽õȻҵ£뽭Ϊսܣͷ磬ҵܵܣ
׳ϳ˳ӣЦеϷܽ̽󷨣ܰʲô
СϹʲô֡
۲ݵˣĬĬ죬ǰߣվܿҶλá
ԺСҲ£㲻ҪǣǲǺýã׽㣬ã϶ûģɲܱƭˡ
׽㣿񷢳ʣô֪
СһͣĵɲԴʶʶˣȻ㻯α磬ǰ˵ͱСܲǵˣǿǰݹ໥Ե׽ãͬ֡
񲻼ǵǰˣСҲûϵɡ
Ŷ
ӦһҶϣҲ֪ûСĻ
Уǵ°ɫӰ߿˹һ֣ʾȥ
ʶس˳ƽ½ǣ˹ȥ
ҶŽԾ״Լʲô
¶һȰЦŽ񣬵µ˽ڣ͸󣬱ڱ֤˭Ҳ˲㡣
һԵļ׳Ťͷȥɶķͷʦء
ҪŷΪԼߣߵһҶȥ
̫ˡ
վҶߣлҺҶһͺá
ʱոյ磬ڲսϣơ
ЦǺǵһͺããһ𡣡
֪ôҶҩأºˡ
óˣҲȷˡ
Ѱ˼һ£ż׳ԶϵܰҪúöԽڣҶҩڵĻ
׳סĳ嶯˶ǣΪôҶ
ʲôҩڵĻ˵Ǹǿһ
˾ڣͳţǧҩڡ
ؿһۣϵܰҪ۹Զ˿ʮԪӤڴٳ׵ʿ𣬽סҶĹؼúĥĥױڵˡ
˵꣬ҶķƲƲ
ҩųϣڵҩϵ츳û˵ʱϣڴֹϣǲ˵˼
׳˼ϼһѲǿҶı£ʿ
Ǹͽʲôϵ
۲֪ʱͷһ״˵ĻˣĥһЩζ
׳뵽ʲôĴȣˣǡ
˰ļͷֹס׳ϽĻ
˶һۣĬЦ˳ǡ
ߣҶһЩѹʵ˵һʲô˼
ܾĻ⣬ֲβ͸ɴ˳
Ҷ΢΢ͷҼƲԾټףԱ콣ڣҸҪЭ˼
ֻǣҲ÷Щ֣ʱ֡
ʱǼ֣Ϊ¹׷ɶѹ
ҩڵķۣзҶԪӤڴڣٺҲҷųʶֻ̽ܲʱߡ
˿ڶĥˣ˼
ˡ
׷£һʱñ֪ˡ
ƥﻳĵ񶮡
ڲڵΪһ֪׷ʻ¡
¹ҲΪŶԴҵĲ²һֱûзϣ鷳
Ҷԣؼ⡣
Ȱ׷㡣
˵ţȥ׷
ԭһ׷λñһʮš
Сֺس۱ųʮ׷Ҷһŷͳɣ֪˭ã˭˰ɣҿ׵Ľ㡣
һסҶ֣ʮ׷˹ȥ
Ҷ΢ʮš
պ׷üǰˣ˼ʲôҪ֮¡
˶٣Ҷ
㶣֡
˳ָָֽ̯λһ㱡룬
Ҷ򴽣֡
֪Ĺ֡
Ե֡
Ҷǽʳָϣǻ𣿡
ָ⣬ջֵû£СˣӰġ
һ䣬;Щף¹ⲻ
ҶĴǽӴóһƿݸ񣬵˯ǰͿһΣձָ
ԱϣһֵֻԼѪ𣿡
ͷʦϼأҪԼѪΪīղ
Ҷüջߣǰ֪ʲô
ҩƿСպã֪Ϊʲô̲ס̡
¹ǹ
֮䣬пܽΪ¡
ȻҶ˵ʲôԹȫ̶ڵӻһۡ
һʱ䣬ϵˣ۾գ
Ҷ͵͵ǣˡסСг˵
СļУλص׷
ǻǣһΡ
ҵҩ
С겻ͣҲܣǾǣˡ
񣺡ˣС
СȴûͣһسҶ˵ƲһҪԲ֮ҹƽʱҲеģ֮Ͳ
ģ㲻ڲҰɡ
ȻǡҲµģѽļٵģ˫/޼ΣΪͻˣҶΪҲˣ˵Ǿ˫/޳飬ֱӿԽΪˣһĵ£ð
ĬƬ̣ĿȥҶóͱá
ʲôһĵĻš
С̾ôϣǺɸ֣ҶưͰ͵ӣٲ㣬ʲôʱܽɵ°ǲһΪôĻԵɲܷŹ
ԾҶת㣿
ôĻԵܷŹ
ޣСˣʲôԵгһʹΪ£ҲΪĶˮɣŲΪΪ
۵ٶȻڵˡ


48 
Ŀ֮
콣ڵΪĸ, ѽڵɽͷΧס
ֻÿĵӶ࣬Լʮˡ
, ڡ
˵Ķ飬̷ûаѽڷ
ȻĽҲȷʵá
ԴһУʧپ֮󣬽ܹʣٶӣд󲿷ֶڣڣڵӼ֮ڶʮˣֻһԪӤڡ
»ں޲ѣȥپһٶǽڰ, кɽᣬĵĹųϡ
Ͳ콣ڡ
Ȼ콣Ļῴǽڡ
ɽϣҽڹ鸽콣꣬ҪҶǷ׻δж, һ, ɻ
鱯, ҩԮ, ʵûϣ
ڽһ٣ֻԸҩܻƽ£ҲѶҩں, תͷȥ˴ʯҩݡ
ɽڰУЦһʶʱΪ, 㽶ڹķϣȰ㲻ҪЩϺз翹
ʲô, ǹ磬ǿ߾졣
ԪӤڣԪӤڵĵӾ͸ˣ콣ǰֱһ
һ٣ͷµӡ
ȭɽϣծǸĶԹЩ޹أϷ콣ڷһ·ҽڱ㲻ڡ
һ֮ڣ
һٶ޹
㻹ʸ̸𣿽콶ֻ·Ҫô֮ڣеӲ콣ڣҪôֻ
ɽ۵׻һ˿壬նҪ
ڵˣһô˵Ϊ˼콣ڵˡ
Ը㸰
Ը㸰
Ը㸰
ٶִߺǲ塣
˶װ뽶ڣŵԼļҡ
һΪڵӣһΪˣǴӲһ;ʼûݶա
ŴͷǾӡ
ǽ޵ĵ
޴̰֮ͽ
ɽϻ֣һϷͳȫǣѳɡ

ԶһҩڵķƷڽϿա
Цǰɽϵܣѹ鸽ҩڣѳϷӦӦ
ɨһۣ콣ֻİˣһᡣ
λܵ˼ɽ̫Ŷûͺðˡ
ɽüҩ޹أѵɱ˶ᱦ಻ɣ
ҩڵһ£ôˡ
ΪһԪӤڣ´һ۵ҩڵ²öԸ
ɽ뵽⣬һ
ĶüҶ˶û뿴콣ڻ᲻ˣʲôˡ
µĵɽһˣλܵ˼
ʱ
콣ڵɽϿ괫Ѷ֮̾һ۾붨
˵ԼȥϿܲôˡ
ߣɽٳٵȲţҲ֧Ԯɫ΢
ĸչض꣬Ȼβ
ɱɽǸ̫žȻĸӲܣΨһӡ
콣ǱûظֻҪǸܲͣɽС֪ôˡ
ɽϵܣǴǲ򰡣Ϸȵֶˡ
˻һ˵ɫЩ΢
콣ڵӣҩʲôʱôˣ
ڵӣҩڼֱǾͶˡ
ҩڵӣ϶Ǳ˶ˣ
ɽ΢΢һݣ˶ε֮ף콣ҲҩΪУֻҪںϪڽɱͽֽ콣ڿԼ̡
ҩǸڵŮӣʱŹһأӻأ˸ʰˡ
ЦⲻɽϵܣҲôǱھٸ˵һ飬ϪںͽѾ鸽ҩڣң˵˭˭һҲ콣ڰɡ
װʲôβأǰЩʲô
װģʱɽСء
ɽɫˣ첻ˡ
ҩ콣ΪУˣɶԡ
ͲϼһеӴ콣ڡ
Цˣɽϵ˵ЦˣҩһԺΪƣˣҵ˶ҩأǡ
ɰǾǴӰôТȴ¡
ҩڵ˹Ȼס
ڵɫ߿һʱ׼ļơ
ҩڵӶƬ̣ͷȻܱǶԵģʱˣ̫ˡ
ȻǸֻһʱ
ɷнµطԸڼȻѹ鸽ҩڣǾҺʵţɽϵأɡ
ĵӰӷҶΪף֮ǰһЩ׳һЩ
ɽ·ڣæҩڼȻ˵˰˽ǣǾͲҪ¡
ɽϵܷģҩˣϲϷʹˮϷ˵̫̹Ȼҩڵӷ׷
ʲôȻ̯ôŵ˰
һת˸㽻ˣܴܲ߾ͿıˣڵĶ˺㣬Ǹɽϵóط
ʱ򼸵ըԼˡ
ɽһҶˣԼ־ܣ
˵ţһ֣ʾĵ׼Ӧս

˵ҩڲ֡ɽҧϼһôˣûꡣ
ЦúƣǾٶ۸˼ĸʤ֮䣬ȥҲ콣ڵǣɣһ˸˳򡣡
ɽһŷ̽һ˵ʵ
һԪӤڣһ𵤺ڣһ𵤳ڣһڷ
ֲϼһĥĥԭǴ⡣
ЦΪһԪӤھܴù
鵽ϣֻʤܡ
ɽ𵤺ڵĵӣȻô˵ˣ콣ھͳˣ֡
ʵǷ˷߶ӣֻսپ

ôˣɽһڴЩûҧгݵ
ϼһ£ƼҩһʰͲҩڵҰ
콣δ콣ǻڴܣĸ
ָָ󣺡ɽϵܱ𼱣ЩվԶ㡣ʡýһҡ
Щ޵ӵѪҲ߯˵㣬ڵôȰء
ҩڵĵӶԣûһǰվġ
ݸһĵ񣬳ڰ֡
۳ǰͷĶӣ˵ɫɣбҧҧڵˡ
ŻعͷЦǺǵɽϵܣڿԿʼˣǴ򣬲ǡ
ϷҪˡ
ɽҩڵ̬ȣǣűôãͱһԱǰȥһҲˡ
֪ҶٳףýʿҷףﲻģѹԼΪ
ǵҲ͹ʰڣԪӤڴܣͲв


49 
˵һˡ
ڷ뿪֮ǰ, ʣаնԸǼˣ
Ҷʮˡ
ж׷, Ҷ֮ǰɽˣͬԼһָʮţ׳Ϻ֮ԼСһš
ʮ׷һ㣬Ըʮȫû⡣
һܶԸʮˣɽԪӤڣ˳սػ𵤺ڡ
Ҷ̧Զ׳Ϻ֮ڣ, ĸˡ
Ͻ彣С꣬׼ȷ˵ˡ
죺аգ
ٳףҪԸô𵤺ڸ֣һԪӤڴ, Ҳ̫ð˰ɡ
һ, , ޷ʩչٻ׵ı, Ǿˡ
šҶͷü򶨡
һ£ɽ˰ˡ
ڷɽŵʱ, Ҷס֣˾׷ȥֻԼһš
ƻ¡
ƻ
Ǽƶսƻ, ĬĬպ׷
һ˾ܿٻס
׳Ϻ֮ǰ, ҶĻ񳹵׷ġ
׳ϳźӵ˷С
ֻ֮һ֣ս
ҪΪڣΪһƯķ̡
ʱɽҲԸ߸˶ԸǸڵķ˶Ը֮ڣʣǸͷ
ûǴΰɱʱΡ
֮սˣҲǿԾ׶ս˫ȭѵ֡
ΪͣȴֵܵסڵĽ
Լӣȴڳɱ׳ϡ
ΪͻƵԪӤҶɽܶԸ
һΣҪЩ˼ʶʶԪӤڴܵı¡
ҲҶ֮ںη壬ֱӭսĽֻ㣬׳һתӡ
ɽ¶һ˿Ц⣬˻̫ˣھԵʵѹǰʲôСù
£սˣҲܾʡ
콣ڵʤȯգ¶⡣
ҩڵͷߣЩҿ
ôһ
ĸȷȥ
ҲпܱƻˣЦġ
ڵţʱ˸׼
ϻοؿŶӣϲֵǡ
ϲǶӾΪͻˣһ˵𵤺Ҳûµģܴƽ֡
ǵٵж࣬һ𵤳ڵѵ𵤺ڵģȥӵĴٸ߳ĽҲ޼¡
ֻз²ż׳ֹͣ
ϵܣ㿴ûҶͻƵԪӤܸɽˣ֮ڣԾսȻܳôãСеͣͽҲز¶ܹһ콣ڵ½Ƕ
׳סӣܴù𣿡
տһλ׳ϵʱ·񣬼Ʋܵñӻ졣
ȥ
Ŀ׷ҶӰֻҪҶٳף˶С
ǲ֪Ҷٳףܷɽ룬ȻըԼͲÿˡ
Ҷɫƽ˵аնԸʮ˵Ļ϶С
һ׼ȻӴãóҶӳףððʧʧˡ
ʱǰȥ׷׳ϵ콣ڵ۷
ɽϣǸˡ
ʱ׷׷ţǸͷͻȻһ׵
ǰ˵Ҷٳ׵ı£ͷһţˡ
عûףͷҲˡ
Ȼ˵ΪŰ˸ˣñ𷣡
ɽ΢΢üûõĶȥæ
𵤺ڵӵļ룬ƺܿת䣬֮ڴѣǱҲûôˡ
׳һӣܾﲻԾֱȥҲٱʵ
˵Ҳ
̲סԼжϣô
ɽȫûҶĻᣬ޷ٳףȻԼҲըˡ
أһ
𡣡
׳ϵ֣һɹɼš˴׳ϲס콣ڵӵֺͽţǵĹơ
սе˷·Լһ㣬콣ڵӱסֽŵĹˡ
ⳡʶɽæһ㿪
ˣǼ类ɢֻ޾ס콣ڵӵٶȡ
ɽûбӰ죬Ͼ׳ǽ𵤺ڣڳֻסʿԪӤڴܲá
鼱֮£ֻܽҧҶٳ׵Ļᡣ
Ҷ׷ңҲûκҪٳ׵˼
ɽɣһɫޱ䡣
Ϊ¡һƬըͻȻ쳹ء
ף
ڳ뾪°ͣ죬Ž
û⼸Ψһлֵ˾ǽ
ѵٳ׵ĲҶ
ǽڣ
׷
ת˲֮䣬𵤺Ϊ콣ڵֻһ˼ʱ㿪
ֻһҧ͵سԼ֮ڡ
֮˿ţ׷
¡һ˵ע±ը˻ңͷҶûʣ
β㱻ӣ˫۵Բ
ʲô
ٳ׵ĲҶҲǽ֮ڣ
ԣӦ˵֮ڶٳס
ɽʶﲻԾˡ
һɱУҲҶʱûмҶٳ׵Ķ֮ڶ㵽˺󷽣ǰǽ
ʱѹΪòΪ׹һΪΪҶٳס
ϾУҶϪΪҲߣΪ֮ס
ңεףʱ󣡾ƾΪҲܵġ
ɽϲŭģֱӺ콣ڵӣϡ
ɽϵܣ
ЦһɽǰϷԼõģ콣˸ˣҲֻӦսҩڶȻӲܡ
ά΢Цвֹ
̫ʹˣ̫ˣҶٳף֮Ҳܡ
֮ڻҩڵӣҩڷˣҩҪˡ
ɽƽŭ𣬺޺޵𵤺ڣ߸ϡ
ĸ˻ٳףǽġ
콣ڵһϳͱϡ
ѣ졣
ջ֣޳ܵǡϵľ׷ʣһš
¼콣ڵӣһûл
ɽŭ޳С
ɻͲŻ׽£ȻЩΪβһԶ¼ףֱ콣ڵӡ
ҷһ˵ʲô˵ޡ
ɽ²һΣս콣ڵֻǱסûӭס
ɽ״Цٲˣɱ
콣ʿ񣬿ӱס˽Ų嵽⡣
ɽųʶ׳ϵλá
ȻϷ׹ǸʿԼۡ
ɽ۾ͻȻһԾҶܣֱ׳϶ȥ
׳ϴ֮£ʶ׷
¡һӰڵء
ӼʱסɽŭĿԲǵƣҲˣϡ
ûȫϣȻһЩˣסҶеġ
׳ۣ𵤺ڵӶʰ֮ڡ
ʱ׳ϲΡΡվѪֹѾ˵Ȼɽضˡ
£׳Ϻ֮ڵ׷ãСʣһš
Ҷ׷ұˣҲ콣ΪУͳף֦ͬ콣ٲͷұǶħҲһɱ
˵ţ׷
ɽ㿪Ӿûôˣһһˣ岻ѡ
ɽʱɫ࣬ҧ˵ôϻϷٲ˰ɣе
¡һ׷
һһˡ
ɽֱð𣺡ҺٲˣϣΪȥĵӱ𣬰
һ쳹գĿ֮£һѳϿս䣬ɽͷ
Сػ˻Σ׼ͷãֱӰһ׷кɽͷϣϻ쵰Ҳ˵
ɽѪ૵콣ڵӶϣο϶ٲ


50 
û˵, ɽȥ
콣ڵûһ˸Ҷ
ɽ϶˵β, һһľ궼ûˡ
ɽԼ֪Ⱥף£˭Ұ
Ƭ̣Ҷ콣ڵǰ
΢¹˾̫ð, 콣ڻʣôڵӣһӵϣҶмܡ
콣ڵǰҶ䱸
֪Ҳ£ɽڵϦ, Ҫô̴˻콣, Ҫôҵһս
Ҷɫƽ, ˵͸εѹȸС
ü䵭, 㣬ηʱٳ
콣ڵӿһۻȥɽ, һʱ֪Σɽϻȥǰϡ
˭Ұ, ˼ҿ϶ףȻҶôֻǰ
ûж, Ҷ̾һ֣ˣǱҪҡ
Ҷߣߡ
һӴͷӷ׷ӣҪ콣ڵķȥ
ɽϵĵӲһЩֵȶڴ¡
ϽܣǻĭӶʣ
콣ڵĵգۼ˸⣬Цûп㣬Ƕܲ
ĸȫٳףټһѹĪĽһ󷨵ġ
óĸ˲ƥ֮£Լһս
нǣƵģԶĵģдԸģһŻĽ
һ֧飬ֲоôŵӡ
ԽѰ˼ҶԽֲͣϪڰһ˲۵ǰ뿪ġ
ȫҶ
侲¹еǻʵ˲Ůô찡
ϧϪڵȵˡ
Ҷֿ۽
ʮ֮˾ţôû̯ôõŮͽء
ҶɨӴľҩڵӺͽڵӣˣǴЭңźٳʮףٴȥδػٳס
򵥼仰˵ɻ
ԭٳ׵ĻҶֻ֪һЩЭ
ԭٳʮײǼˣ޾ǽġ
ϧ콣ڱըˣʵǲҶˣֱˡ
ҲϵޣȻҶգ콣ڵӡ
ҶĵطҪҪʵҪӣҪ쵼ʱƵ
ת뵽һ㣺֮ٳʮ׷ٶһЩ㣬ٶپͶ١
찡ҩҪưˡ
ٻ׵طֻ֮ܺҶһ˷û롣
û˵ʵΪס׷ܣҲΪһУɵ˵Ľ䱸콣پ
Ҳûʧ䣬ϾӾ֪׿϶ޣȻ
Ȼ뵽ʲôæѹ˵
˺ٳʮףⲻõ֪
׳ĬĬһ仰ʵġ
֪ǰǸװǻƵɵ˰ɡ
ۣĵ޸п
ʣҶʵʵ˵⺢Ϊ˺ľذ
øжô졣
ڶлҩڳ֡
лҩڳ֡
ڵӻعл
һضҩӦģɡ
ʱһƬ˿Ҷ˵ߣڿȿѵӢһǻݡ
ҶͷԼĶѣӶЦ
ĽԵŵͬ飬ȫʤ֮Ĭ궼ӡ
æӭ׳Ϻλ󹦳˽ڵ
ϣһóöҩݸҶҩഫļƷԪһöɵǧʯöھͶˣǶǵļν
öǱȻǲܵģʵöһöԼһ޷ͻƣԪ֮ǰָⵤҩء
ʹ᲻˩סӥ
ĸˣһҪסĵҩҲø
һöɵǧʯζʲôζſͻơ
лҶûƴǣΪԼҲΪ˶ǵĸ
ЦЦȥɣǿŷ䣬ɡ
Ҷ˱뿪֮ȥĶ
һţ׳ϵݿȼ³һѪȿȣҶѰС϶ұըˣӡ
֮ڣ⼫ƷԪҪһö
ʲô֣ܵͻƳԪӤڴ
ܣʲôá
֮Ҳ֣κδҽΪ˾ȽڣʵҪ
Ҷʦ㲻ؿңܶȹ˽٣ǣ֮ڲ̰
֮ڰһƤѡ
ƷԪֻöҶһö׳Ҳһöʣö֮ڻǸС
иأǼƷԪǲɵӣ㲻ҪҪС꼱òУڽкͣ
ΪֱԭػΣҶĴ۰Ͱ͵㣬˼ҿǰе׷ˣɽǸϻ쵰Һͽ׽ã룬ҵ׽㣬ɲҪҰ
΢飬άֲסϵ
ҶŲŲȣСŲ֣Сȡҽ֢׷ģҲҪ
׳һʱˣСһöһöҶԼһö
ͿȼκҲ²ѪˣֻܱȿȣС˵˵֮۶ȫˣʲô֢
ͷ죬˵û֢ûа¶˵㣬ǲǰ㡣С׳һ䣬תͷһһ㡣
֮ǰ֢Ϊǰӡ£µȻûˣڱûãҶþС
⼫ƷԪҶһöͽһһöŲ˻ͷ
׳ϱˣֱҶűһɣֱҶѰҿ첻ˣȻС϶ֻڷ󣬵󻹷ɱ󣬿ϧԺһ֮ˡ
λɣöƷԪǺͽһһöҸͻƵԪӤڣóȻͻƣøȡ
Ҷ糣£ȴƽ˼¶ȡ
лҶѡ
л㡣
лûж˵ʲôһˣҶԪӤڴܣ˶ǽڣֻͣڡ
ǿǿζʵߣ¸࣬Ϻȡ
˽ӹҩȥȼƷҩȻǳԵġ
ܿ죬Ũ
˶ҪͻƵļƣҶ֮ڱߵǰΪǻ
ʱСͻȻסӣüôøв֮ڣéĶ
СѣǱߡָָ֮ĳ
׳ϺٺһЦҰԲϸⲻסƷҩȺöôϡϷһ¶ûС
Ҷ֮ԣ̿ƫͷȥ
ԹСọ̈̄Ҫӵһ٣ĬĬս
ˡ


51 
ͷ², ҰСһŶӲߡ
·׳ϵʱ, ͵һߣŤͷܡ
꾫ˣϵܣﻹé𣿡׳౻ߵɫһôĶҲˡ

ת˲֮䣬׳ϱ֮ȥ棬ֻʣ½Ҷ
̫㵽, ˡ
Ƕǽϵϵҹܲߣԡ
˴һʱӲˡ
˶õ, , ѵġ
ҹĹһ˿ɫ, ӳ, ĵ˸͡
ĶҲҹ𣿡ҶΪϪܺǲǺһĴ
޼Ҷ̧ᡣ
ʵסĵطӦ˵Ƕ, Ӧó֮Ϊ
常Ϊ׺񣬰һӰԴöȶǼõá
뵽常, 뵽ĵҶϡ
ҶǲԾ, ԽδģҲβ͸Եɡ
۵¶һĨҪǿ˼֮⣬ּһҪ主
һҹ飬֪Ҫʯ
ҶĪʯǹģҪҪҰϪɽµɢУඵҹĵҡ
ԭҲһֻܿҪʯ
ԣ岢Ƴʯ
֮ǰϪŵӣһµĲʮöʯҩȻŵӣʯࡣ
зֵЩ㣬ϴԼһǧöʯ֮ðһҵҹ飬Ȼǲġ

Ҷ΢΢԰Ѳʯ㡣
һЦҡҡͷã̫˷ˡ
֮ȱǿ¸ֵػ
šҶ³һ֣û˻
Ͳ̸ˣ˽̸òӦ꣬߹¹졣
ļ䣬ȻܾһЩΡ
ʱӲ̫Ҳʧ˿ڵ¡
С֮󣬽񵽵׻ûܼţĬĬéȥ
ҶıӰС꣺ǲǾҲЩճ壿
˼ƷҩˣӦһޣ뵽һֿܡ
СͷɫѵЩ죺û˵᲻⼫Ʒҩ⡣
Ƿؾˣ˰ɡ
Ҷҡͷʣ뽭Ƿδϴ鵤
ϴ鵤ʲô
ȥߣϴҲ֫ٺһһϴӾ飬ɽޢ٣µġҶЦЦ
Сͽ֮ŵӣұܳأѾϴ跥
׳ɢޣӦҲδϴ鵤
˲ڼƷԪ£ַӦһ˳ˡ
СûҶȻ˵£ǾͲ¡
Ҷ²һ׳Ϻͽ۷ûٳʲô״˳ͻơ
һҩʱһӦǿ⼸˵Ϊ
׵ѺһԪӤˣҲ֮ڣǽ𵤳ڣ
һöƷԪ˭ˣ
ǱҶԼ˰ɡ
ǸˣкԼҪǰͷ͵ˣ·
ο֪һͻƵԪӤڵСڽ彣
һ£Ҷ콣Ǳ߶ʱӦòʲôҺ׳Ϫˡ
ʲôȵȵȡͷƤһ飬ֻõͷ˵ףӷ¡
ԪӤ˵߾ˣͽ֮𵤳ˡ
ôУ
ҩڵķ֮·ɲҶ
Ǹôأ
һʱ벻ɣæԱߵļ׳ʹɫϵܿ취Ҳÿˡ
׳һ뵽˺⣺֮ǰҩڶɽ٣ͽСԺûˣôһ֮أðｭһߡ
ǰһڣϵӻǱˣŰɡ
ϵ˵ЦأϣԺӵ±аţǿˮؾͲʱҾͷԸʰһҪҪȥҲףؽǨ֮ϲˡ
۰Ͱ͵ҶĵЩڴӻ
ҩסҶĲУΨн轭ͷһԡ
ҶҪƾܣʲôһ۽Ӧá
ʱЦãһҩڡ
˵ͷȻá
˰Ƕġ
صҩڣ󷽸ȥ
³¯ĶĿ£ɽˮҰ羰պá
˴¶Ĺ򣬷Ĵ񣺡ڸҶסգг㣿
ߺȻһվҶߵķüͷ΢
ɷ֪ӣΪΣ
飬Ҳһҩڵķ羰䣬СôǴʦһء
ȻΪҶĹϵҲΪҩںҶĹϵ
˼ĵҶһոһŹ׵㣬׵ɲһܻһƷҩһöʯܡ
ԣԡһʯĶˡ
Ҷһգܶһöʯˡ
˼СǸԣȱʯ
ȱʯҲȱҩڶȱ
ҩڵĵӣȻȱʯǾͺðˡ
һһٴɺˣҶҪ¸飬ɷһ˵
áҶͷ׳˵˾ʲô˵ŽԶһЩ
ߣ׳Ͽɫ᲻ѣҶǸ˸Ⱑ
ֲϪڣϪڵ˼ҩҪǲǲ̫ʰ
׵£һֹʵ
׳ϳһѺӣѿڶҶҸ˵ⶴﶼã氵˵㣬мʮҹ͸ˡ
һҧҶԭ˵˳
ǸģӦҲûϵ
֮㰲ȥ붼ûʹӦˡ
ҪͺãҶûҪǺ°
ŲԶҶͽЦˡ
ҩڷָտɴ
ǱߣֱԵϪڿҪ£ûʲô²ҩڶסһʱ䡣
һһʯⲻȸɶ㡣
Ҷؿ˽һۣʣΪΣ
뵽ԼŰ׳ϵĻǻ¶һĨЦ⡣
˼Եҹ飬Ӧܿİɡ
һʲôѵľҲ֪ΪʲôŵֻҪҩһձһʯһһ룬͵طչˣô
һ¾ͷֳȥһʯ¹ӦûӦɡ
Ҳ˵˼ʯء
ʯϣҶգҶǵЦٿȻûɬ
԰
Ҷ򴽣ҲӦأ
ڽϣɫһĮ塣
ɣٶˡһ˲̫̰һʮöʯҲˡ
ҶζЦһ߳ɣȻ뿪
ۣ¹ôôأ
ЩɵضҶ˵ô˵ͱ䣬֮ǰüƷҩʱ۾գһ¡
Ϊ˼ʮöʯȻּۻۡ
ҶƬ̣תȥǡ


52 
ҴӦ, ߳ɾ߳ɡҶתߣæ׷
Ҷûлͷ, ֱǰߡ
׷Ӧһá
˲
Ҷɫ䵭ҲƵӣһ
ûסˣ˼ˣæѯ
˾䣺ˣûֻܷʯ
ʲôϷˡ
¾ͺ, ûͺá
ʯòС
Ѽ䣬شȥ
ź׳ƨסټڵ, ԸϪڵҶҪҩСסһʱ, û¶ô, ڡ
, Ҷֱڹҩڵ
ϧҩڵ˵Ϫڲ˵㡣
׳ϴڵɢȥ̲סʵ, ôģٿҶҲô̧ɡ
ҶųǻҪҶһͷ
Ҷͽһ, ʦĶڡ
Ƴһ̧ۣҪԸ, ҩڵҾ˸̧ס˰
׳üϾҩڵˣסһʱкá
üδؾס⣬ӷŻ㣬˵ٿ
׳ϣôͲ˵ˡ
һʼѰ˼˴ƣɫ״Ʋļ׳ϣĵЩ
쾻ﵹæƫƫ˸ͽܡ
ϵܰһν㣬ҩҩΪҩ֮ȱҸ˵˰ɣһԣ˼ȥأ·㲻ɡ
ʲôӣ
Ըһ˾䣺ؼƷҩݣ㲻Ҫˣҩڵδˣϵ֪ڵġ
׳ͦͦأģһѰؼƷҩݣҲôŵӸţüͽ˾С
ϵܡһаţش󣬻ǶЩŵӸŰɡ
ѽߣǻˡ
ĥһΪ˽񣬴Ǵ죬Ȼֻﵹæ
׳ϱһɰͰ͵ҲС
ôͲôʲôһ
ɫ㲻ŵʱ䣬ھʹΪ̵ģһ׹Ů۸˭˭Ҳͽܵġ
׳жˣȻΪ˲û˵ġ
߼׳ϣһٺЦ˰ΣºˣԽ̵񣬻סҶ
󷽣³¯Ķ
Ϧ䣬һСҹ齻ӳյĶһ
ɵۣôֱʣôҹ֮Ļ󣬵ʯ
ˣ
ҶһҹߣҲûзš
һҹպãûôӰߡ
״ѽһգһһҹ顣
Ҷǿ͸ͼƮƮһ䣺Щҹ鶼ҩڵǼڲģû˵㣬ȥ
ϱܿ԰ɡЩźؿǽϵҹ顣
һ¾ˡ
Ҷʾңֹš
ǰʶһ⣬ҪͰ¹⳯ϦദˣһҪͬ
Ҷɫࡣ
һ㣿
˵
Ҷ΢΢ü֮ǰ˵ǱϪΪʲô
Ƿйأ
Ҷԭĵһ㶣㶼һ硣
ô
ûС
ΪλѡϪڣ
Ĭûԭļ䣬Դ²
Сֱӻεڵӻˣǵˣ֪һ㣬Ϫǰ˵ǸӦ˵ϢλþϪڣģҲˡ
СĻҶüͷǲ֪ΪλǣΪβϷŹ
ʵܲܰǵõ¶˵һ飬ʲô
񲻽⣺ôͻȻҵˣ
ôо¹ºصӣԭĵй
Ҷǵ֮ǰȥڣسʱ͵Ϯһ𣿡
ǵãҶϣô𣿡
زҶζ
Ϊ¹Ҷϡ
ѵԭʧҲҶйأ
Ҷͷһ֮һڷֵƺڹעĶ򣬵Ҳ׵ΪҪ֣ԲЩҲ̫ģڱ²ʱ
ʲô²ҿΪϣû˰ɡСһ䡣
ҶһΪϣΪչͻʧܣɲΪ
΢飬ѡ죬¶С˵ɡ
Ͼ˼Ұ¹׵ֲڵġ
С겻ʲô̹ȻǴɽҺͷǰȥҽ񣬸պײ׷ǣǰͳְΪˣǰǧԪӤڴҪϻ쵰ܵÿ죬Сѱ
ĬĬСĽš
˵΢ίһ㣬˼׵ʲôϻ쵰ʲôСѱ
Сϲҽʲô
ЩСĻҭ
Ҷ޷ʲôֱ˵ͺã±ǵԡ
ԭɣǱ˷ȥΪ
ȻЩ壬֪ôˡ
˵Ϊ˵Ƕ
⸸޷Ҳܱ
˵ǵԽɱֵǵпܸʧйء
Ҷǽ޵Ƿǣƶ񣬳һ常̵Ҳúܺá
ǵƲѪԵʱ֪ôҲȷʵˣȴͷ塣
Ϊ֮ˣΡ
ǻӽնΥĵ
ɫأǰҲһʱ鼱ŶҶϳ֣ߣҶҲδҵʧйء
ɱȴʵ
Ҷ·˽еδ֮⣬򴽵ҲκˣִΪУҲӲܡ
λȥ͵̹ԣܹȰãܡ
άԼĵס
һҲûʲôġ
¹Ϊ಻ɳӣȻΪ֮Լ׵ΪŰ
ģҵʧٸҶ޹أ֮ǰ¾͵ȥˡ
ȻɥҶϽ£ȴҲҶȣҶ˱ȥΪһһ͵ƽˡ
Ҷ˽һۣû˵
ϣ뽭ʧ޹أȻ
Сˣ̣ûס
˵ˣҪҪ£˫/¡˫/Ϊ
ɫһ˭ôµģ
ԾȥҶӭһƽӣɽ̶峺˱治ǳ
˶һ˭ûпڣûСĻ
С۲ǵɫһվˣڣǲ㣬ȥš
Ϊƽ⣬һŹϵС꣬εǸǾβһȽϷŵÿСͰ˵˵͵ʲôû
С귭˸ۣҥԾôġ
С̫ˣԼŲˣôǺϹԱأ
СΪֱʣܿɹ󡣡Ҷ


53 
ĬĬ, ȷҶǲĿСꡣ
⣬СҶĻ, ϽסͲԼЦǺܺãܿɹ
̫۹ˡ
ָͣȴһΡ
׼ȷ˵ǽһΡ
ΪҶü۳ϷƵƸСЩµĻ
˼ĵʲôܻΣԺߴ١
ʶ, ۷ŹضҶˣ˫ްܸĴ֮ϵĵϵˮһɾû˰
˼һƫ, עĻ㲻ǲųɾ, ô֪
ʲôû, ᲻ݰ
ֻڲųɾ, ֲǰû䣬ɭִǧ, ˻ˣʲôѵġ
˯ɡ
ˡ
һ, ǿ˯ߡ
񴽽䣬Ǹö, ôôСֲȫѹơ
˼Ц΢Ŀʲô
Ҷɻ󣬻ƣûʳڡ
ɫˡ
ʶظŵǰ˫/ˣǣ˵˯ˡ
ûӾ˵˿ڣСͱڶ߶˫/ޣħˡ
Ҷһ㶣е͸Щ졣
ϸĿڣһŵӣǳǳû˵ʲôȥ
ıӰ˶ֱһ䣺һʱҲǸ˼
ΣϵӦţ޷
˿ĵȴɿػһ˿ʧ䣬쵽˶ûв
ƽһºɵҶԡ
Ҵ˺þöûгɹ˯ȥЩطͬ۾˸⧲Ķӡ
˫ӳ峺һȪȾ˳
㻹û˯΢΢ԥһ£˳Ĭ
Ҷᴹе䡣
һ㶣֪طӦûбӡ
Ѿתֿ⡣
ϸĸһ£䰡
׳һᳶź£֮壬ȫ¾ûĵط˶һ䰡
ϧ׳ϲڣҲûʶؼ
¹Ȼ˵ˣΪһ䡰Ҳ䡱̫ʶȤˡ
ʶȤĽӴóһë̺ɣӦþͲˡ
䣬Īһ֡
ë̺СģϴģҶ˫/ޣë̺ΪΪ
ʩ˸Ūɾˣû뵽ˡ
ë̺ʵԭѩ׵İ׺ëϣĳһӡмĨǳĻңۡ
ЩɵۣԾؿҶôûϴɾ
Ҷ֮ӣһë̺ɫָֻͨѩס
ᣬæ͵ϴ˵ġ
Ҷ򴽣ǳǳţѪЩһʩһš
˵һźۼɨ˽һۣȥ
ȻƬ̣ڷӦѪա
ҶĳΡ
Ҷī죬ࡣ
𣿡
ԾطڶԴʲô䱦
ҶûöûлӦѾ˯졣
̾һ۾
ȴķųʶ˰ΣŻ۾
һҹΡ
峿ûѣ洫ӵĶԻ
Ӱݼ֮վڽĶ⣬ͬķʺá
ЦЦضһôˡ
Сôһ
Ϊ˴ƣΪҩڷСΪʲô
֮ʵҽдһ½
ҩڵ˶죬óȻд裬ҩڵȫҩ޺Ͷޣûнޡ
ҶѾԪӤڴܣԼĽţҲ֪ûʤ㣬Ҷдֻаķݡ
ûд裬
֮˼ȥҽʡ
֮ǰϪڵӣǽޣҩûҩҲûȻѧ˻ĵӻڡ
ǽ𵤳ڣΪͬʺϡ
ĽУպÿָһ
֮ڵ̴úãȴײ˷ǹϡ
ɿĥһ£ҩڵӣܹһûʩչʲô
֮ڣԵ𵤺ڵ콣ڵӡ
С֮ⲻھơ
üһһµϼһһСġ
һЦĽܸȣҪд轣һȥ㽣
һʱҡ
֮ھҩڵˡ
˿̣ҶҲ
΢Цſһţ߹ȥ㽣Ⱥ¶ȥָһҩڵӵĽɺã
áҶͷӦ
״Ҷͷߣһؿס
ȿȣʦ³ڣǰбڽ̵㣬
Сʲô벽˼ҵģûۿûۿ

ЦʣϵΣ˯ÿɺã˵ʲôʱаҩסգ
һⶪý˸ۣһһ
Էӵǹϵпɣ˯Ҳãû˵ʲôʱߣҲ֪ա
ָҶ츳ˣʮԪӤڴܣֳòҲأҪպð
˻⣿ãȻ֪¹ܺãﶼãҪʲô
ҡҡͷСȻûϣŶʮ꣬ûôԶҲ֮С
ýԶһ㡣
ҩڵӣ϶ϣҩڷչ׳ɣҶҩڣҩһ֮
ͷԼ˷˵ͼԭ¹ҩڣϣõһ
԰Ҫڵ㣬һЩֻҪģĥ룬ôãΪ£ҩ˵ĺ£ˮ¥̨ɲñȵ°ڴ
˵ôˣСٲϣҪ˰
һ£ȷ˼׷Ҷ
˼ɡ
׷ʶ˼Ǵ⡣Ŀ¶ͣСǸʦһ㣬顣
ҵòУѡĬ
ŽҲż¶ѭ򽥽뵽ҶԽ֣ġ
ֵݸһöָµȻҪǱ˵ԸǿҩڵԿﶼȥҩڵعﲩ˽ܵ飬࿴
ΪڵһԱҩڶȻϪɶˡ
ҲҶ֪һҩڵʵ
ǡһ£ӹ
뿪ʱЩ㱣Ҫ׷Ҷ
ĪЩ⶯ô죿
šü˼ΪʲôԾԾأѵԼҶϲ
һ뵽Ҷʱ侲
Ͱ¹һĹ䵭ӣ˭׷Ҳûð
ӭ޵ԶԶһۡ
Ҷָҩڵӣһҩй䣬һȥŪƤ
һƤ򣬶ƤѰһ
׷һŶʣʵûаȫС
֮ǸϽһЩƤ׷
ߵɽʱԺıͻȻ˷ܵˣǰһ㣬кö


54 
һǸ, ö
ʲôö
ϸһ£ƶмƷҩ, ܿ϶
㲻ԥֱȥҩڵؽıԵǰͲҩڵķΧˣȫһЩĻɽ
ʱСָߵɱϤ
ССָķ˹ȥǿһƬڣ㿴ڷڣлӽ֮ڡ

Сû, һƬڣ֮ڱˣûʲôΣգЩûҪ˼
žè׽Ϸ֮, ЩضĽڶ֮档
һûΣ, Ͳˡ
ΣҲչȥ, , ܷ׻вġ
뽣ڣԶһ㣬ֻصղŵλá
ʶıٴο϶, ɽɽкö༫Ʒҩݣǿȥժɡ
Сûط˸ۣɪɶ, Ҳˡ
ǽ׵Ľã׵Ļ, Сֲȡλá
ûóȻȥɽʶܽӴķΧڣųʶһȷûΣղŷġ
Ϊ߾Ǻãھܷųʶˣǰ̽ǰһУǷΧޡ
Ҳûʶǿˡ
ɽĿ֮ȫҩݣЩŹ⣬ϧһʶ
յͨҩֻиߵͽ֣֮ϵҩƷģһƷƷԽԽϻмƷҩݣЩģǿǵҩݣֲҡ
СһƷҩݺֵǮ֪һƷҩݾͼֵϰʯƷҩݶֵǧʯˣ㷢ˡ
ֹǷˣôҩҪ찡
еÿһҩݷ·𶼲ǲݣһһѵʯ
ȥƷµģֱýӼƷҩݿʼڣֱԼĴװ
СĬĬݳԼĴһ䣺Ժк±Ұ
ЦŵͷӹҩݣȵװƷϵҩҲˡ
æ˰죬Ŀֱˡ
۰Ҳ濪İ
ҩݵʱǮһָо̫ˬˡ
ôඥҩݣҩô˵Ӧû˷ְ
СĻĪϸţˡ
ڽͷҩݵʱͷ֮
ʱҩڵĽڣ
֮ڻڸЩд衣
ɽҩݷ׷һѾڹĸߵȼҩݣִʯðá
ĿɿڴΪ
Ϊ⣬ڣбȻ񼶷˳˯Ľ⣬Ҳ˳˯ʯеҩݡ
ǻкܶҩûϲ޾ҩݣζʯ˸죬Լɡ
СһΣʲôأҳˣһʼðҩǶ֮࣬ԽԽ٣ովð˼ãƵͷˡ
࣬ҲʧϾ׼ô߼ҩݡ
Ǿø˰ɡˬػҩڡ
·ڣʱ򣬻ܺõس֮ںͣԵġ
֮ڸĻʱ˺䣬ҩʲôط
д轣⽣ڣĽ֪ۣ˻ȥⲻ۸
֪ƣֻ֪ԼҪˡ
ǰҶҲպô޵
ЦҶ
Цòãü峺ʣͷԵŵ׶͸á
ҶҲ˹ţǴĶ
˳ϵڱƵġ
ʱ뵽ԼװĸƷҩݣһ䣺ܡ
СˣҶȥҩݰɡ
Ĵǧ꣬Ϥ¡
һĽ񣺡
һʱ⣬װͷˡ
侲ɤʵһ𣿡
ҶŽ񣬵ͷ˵
Ծѹһҩݵģ˵и߼ҩüǮȥʣ
ŸˣôҩֵǮҲ򰡡
뵽⣬ﲻɽ۾ֱֱҶϣԼҪĴ𰸡
ÿɽ¶ɢУ˶ӣҲȫһȥִõάͳŵռҺҶ٣һҲû˸¡
Ҷ˶٣˵ʵͳУҩȱƷҩݣҩڸļ͵ģһЩɢĳ߼ۡ
˵ˣҩھǵûóҩģٺõҩȥҲ˷ѡ
ֻмɢжҩģϳ߼۹
˰˷ܾʱһ롣
ҩҲһѡ
ҩȱʯ
ԥһ£̽̽ĵ׶
գĶ⣬˵һѹĵĻ
ҶҲûܻ䣬ֱʵһƷҩݣ֮ǰɭã֪ſԸչ
ֽӹҩһƣƷҩݣֱӰҩһգֱʵƷҩŽţܲ㻮һǧ׵ɡ
۾һС˵Ʒҩݵļ۸һǧöʯңһǧ׵ܶһһǧʯ۸㹫һҩǾͲ÷ˣֱӶҩںˡ
һԵҶ΢΢һǧ׵㣿
ƮƮɨ˽һۣڽóҩݵʱ򣬺س뽭Ҫһˣձ飬׼
ȥȥɣͰؿҶſڴӦ
УǸ񵥶ȥǾ͸ˡ
Ҷס֣תط
죬СһлҪ顣
Ұ¹ʲôҪɽҲûǰ˵һżҩ
ӦûиƷҩݰɡ뵽£Ҷſ֣²
һǻһЩ
¹ô֪
Ҷǣǣǣ뻻ʯҽȥȥҩڵĵһ£һǧ׵кã
ŵĹ׵ǿԻʯﶼȱʯϪڣ׵ٶҲֻܶһһЩҩ֮࣬ʯȻûеġ
Žɵȥ˵ãһʾɵˡ
׵Իʯǲ٣ûʯɻֻеҩ
һǧʯܻһƿƷҩһƿֻ
ǿƷҩһƿƷҩٿƷҩĶһ۸һǧʯһƿҲǾǧ׵㡣
ܴץһҶӣ׵㶼ʯ𣿡
ϪǱҲ԰¹ס
Ҷͷˡ
ҧǸӰ˵ӶˣֱǸ޵׶˵ʲôҶһվͶһٹ׵㣬Ŷǿͷ֧Ʊ
ؼȥ߳ɣһʮöʯԼϡ
ҶУһһʯҲǹ׵㣿
ҡͷȻԵԼ̫ˣûסͰ͵ص˵ͷ
ôӣΪӣĶ˵ȥ
Ҷͷ΢
һ̧ͷָֻ˵Ȼȥﶼһֽʯһֽᱻӡ
ͷ¹İɣʲôʲôŵĶûҶס
Ҷ׳ϴ˼仰ȥִõ
ִòκһţ൱ڷ˽ţһЩɱ˶ᱦ£ץڷ˴ҵ壬ͷάʵϲûʲôʵȨ
ʱˣǰ÷ˮ


55 
ִҪʮöʯ, ⻹ֻһ¥̨ļ۸˼ǲ, ֻҪȥҪʮöʯ
ݽ¥ңҪٽһöʯ
ҶȻǵһؽٶʮöʯֱӴŽȥ˶¥
¥ҶֵݸִõʯŴָ䡣
һһʮ֣øպ, һڽС
ȵ·ĵӳź󣬲źΪʲôֽʯ
Ҷָָϵߣиʶãһʯһ졣
ˣ¥ҵĿˣҪô챦Ҫ, Ҫôʲô챦, Ȼ֪ݡ
ֻǵҲ, Ҫʶ, Ȼù
йؼɸ̾Ҳ̫׬Ǯˡ
Ҷͷʾ¥¿
, ̺͹ִ࣬
ۣ۸ߵ, ¥¿̨ԼӼӼۣ¥ɿ˰һ, ĵӾһΡ
Ժ󣬽ûҶֱóҩݷϣƷƷһá
óһЩʯݸҶӽŵڵģİٶʮöʯȫһ˸
˼Ұ¹ģǺæַʱַĵģ˼Ҹʯ̫ˡ
ҶĪİٶöʯЩۣأҲࡣ
Ȼǵڰ׹ͰϪڵӾҪɥ׹ǿµʱЦűܶ
еһ⡣
ҲȷʵΪϪڵӵ⣬Ϫʧصʱһ
գʯóһüƷҩݣգգ۵ҩˣȻԺ󶼲æˣһкܶࡣ
ô߼ҩݣӦòκ֪
ΪǰҶʶؾÿԸ֪
ദôǱĬУһȷ֪¹ֵεġ
ҶǾ䡮һкܶ࡯ʱļƷҩݣòݱʯ˳ࡣ
ûƴǣҩݺ󣬵ʵж٣٣
ϰٿðɣһ롣
ҶԣóһƸӵĺۻϣֵҰɡ
ҶҪȥίóһҩݡ
ƷƷʮãһٿҩݶ档
Ҷ΢Ϊ˵ϰٿǴƷƷû뵽˵ÿƷҩݸһٿá
ǰҩݶ
Ȼ棬Ҳ֪ǽܣܱ㲻˴̽
ҶɫȻպҩݣӺųȥ
񰲾ţʶﱿУˣôҩݶˣһЯ˽ô죿
ЦЦġ
СŵǣŲ¡
ҶƷҩ̰ˣ˵Ǿ͸ˣСֲС۵ӣûʶ
ô˵ĬĬͣ˵֮ѵ
˺СҲ̫ǸҶ˰ɡ
ҶҲûйΣܿ۷һڽɫСƣһ֣ʮ
ζǵڶʮṩƷĿˡ
ֻҪСƣȥȡʮ档
ҶСƵݸ񣬽һ䣺ȡӶǰٷ֮塣
ã£ҷġЦСƣ
Ҷһûжԣ۵Ų֪á
ߣڽܹĵذŵڶ¥ĳ䴫˸Ϣ
ʮüƷҩݣû׳Ͼվ۷ֱضŶӡ
γڵһҪѰƷҩݻȥ
켣ļ붼ûִõ
Լң֪Ҫҵʲô£ͼˣܵȵġ
ɫҲڼģҾûʮüƷҩݰ
֪ĿǰļƷҩָƷҩҩֻһˡ
ҩһֱλڵĵ
Ʒҩ̣ܿҪΪʹﵽԪӤڣҪƷҩʦҪԭϡ
ԭ϶ǼƷҩݡ
׳ȻҲƷҩʦΪһֱͣڽ𵤺ڣüƷҩҲƷƷҩ
ɼƷҩжô
ƷҩļƷҩݸǺȴһðʮãôܲ
һְһ飺һҪ£һҪ£ȡʯ
תͷܣĲֻʯѷֱˡ
һžͿż׳ϣȷϵʮüƷҩݣ
ģϾ͵һˣʯ𣿡׳ڶǰסһֱ֡
סԼϣģָ
ҩڵȫҵˡ
ûԪӤڵƷҩʦΣҩڱصá
Ƿڱصûάֶãͱˡ
ΪʮֵƷʮƷҩݡ
ɿ׳ϣ˵ļƷҩݣ
ӣǼƷҩ
æ͵ͨλִõ˵ʮüƷҩݣ϶ں档
ԭǣмƷҩݣ
յϢҲֻǣʮƷʮüƷҩݡ
֪Ʒҩݡ
˳ĬƬ̣İʮƷҩҲѵã¾ˡ
ԶһһԼҩ̨ˣ̲סţѵʯҪˡ
ƷҩһһǧʯĹϼ۸ʮƷҩݵļ۱ΪʯÿһƼһǧ
ҩȾƣһ
ֱŴΣ
ҩһ£һ
ٴŴΣ
һ


ʮһ
ʮһ
ߵƺǺҩڵ˸ˣ̧߼۸
һ¼ֱֵ߳ңժ˸ʶߡ
ҩڳʮһһǧʯ˭Ʒҩݣ
ߵҳĬƬ̣ڴ֮ǰ߳һˡ
ɽҲߣЦʮ򣬷һǧһǧļҲ̫СˣֱƴΣ
أöûлָȱ߼Ԫ
콣ֱȥҩҩͳˡ
һأɽǾ
ûи߼ҩѸ߼ҩҲɣȥ棬Ҳҩڵ֡
ЦЦƷҩݣҩڶǣȻɽϵܣǾøˡ
һ䣬̲סʮʯ
Ÿճھͱס͡
գգۣ侲Щ
Ҷŷ֣ĪҪţע⡣
䣬һֱֻץס
һԼһץסҶС֪ˣš
ҶԼϵֻ֣һĨ
˱վڴǰ档
¥£ִõұ𼱣ʮֵĿ˻ƷһǰƷҩʮãʯġ
һ䣬¥ﲻ콣ںҩ֮⣬ȻмҲİƷҩݡ
Ϊ̫࣬¥һ춯ǰ涼ͳƵʮˣĬĬҩһӣʮһ
ͳƣһξʱҩȣ콣ڣȻֱӳ۶ʮʯ
콣ڲƴ֣ɽƵؿһ۷
ϼһ֪콣ڵ³
Ƕʮһ򡣡׳ϳ˳ʮðƷҩݣԥʲô
ʮ򡣡ϱߵһҸųۡ
ɽһʮ򡣡
һûĳôߵļ۸ˡ
ڽΪ䶨ʱ䲻
渺𳪼۵ĵӱߺʮ򡣡
񾪲ؿҶЩȵҪҪƷҩݣһЩǡ
ôʯ˵ƽȥɡ
ҶɽɫϪûҩޡ
֮ҪƷҩݡ
ɽţҲҪôƷҩݣֻҪҩڵˣ˭ġ
ʮ򡣡ʱϱǼҩڳ۵һ塣
Ҷ΢΢ɽûжҲû
ҩߣ׳ϼòУ찴尡ܾôóȥ
ʮ̫ˡɫأҩڵļҵҲʮʯһ³ȥͳ⵰ˣ᲻á
мҵǳ弫ƷҩģƷʧ֮ϧҲʹ£ûҪƴϵס
׳ϿǰƷҩݣٶҲó
бһۣ
׳һ㶣óȥóȥɣЩûʶģҩֲûаƷҩݡ
ҩУİƷҩݺʣţǶá
ٴ£ĵӺٺһЦλ𼱣λ˻ƷʮþƷҩݣļʯ
׳ϵ۾˲ԲŷӻθͣƷҩݣذϷѺҲ


56 
εԿ, һ֪ˣ, Ͻҡ塣
¥ĵϵ˾Ʒҩݻᱻʱ˾䣺μӼƴΡ
һΣһʯ
һ־֮󣬼۸ֱӱ̧ʮʯ
ϻڲϼӼۣҶһתס˽֣벻һЩʯ
Ȼ
ĵ׽ţϼӺšһ, ͣ
Ӷʯʧȥ˼Ҳûв˵ѾʮָۣһͷͷҲһ
Ҷͷ, ɫһ, Щð, ֮ǰõʮʯܻϡ
һεû, 㿴С
ĻҶ䣬ְ, һһ£˽ļϡ
ʮʯ
ȫΪ֮һ
һʱ˺۾Ҷָ, һı߸߾
¹ʮʯ, ˵־ͳˡ

ʲôԵģ¹ⷽŻ˼Ҫŵֵʮʯš
񣺣
ԲǻԼǮԲô
ҩߣϵһҰˣҩȫļҵ׾ʮ
׳ϺóԼʯڳء
Ͼʣһǧʯˡ
Ļȥˡ
ҲǧԼ׵ϵˣĸԼһǧǧ
ΪҩڵӣҲȥˡ
һ±ӣŬ˼ᣬû
ⲻӰжƺãããģѶҩڵӣѣôҶʯһˣڶȻỹҡ
һѶȥȺĹɵһҩڵǰ
ҩڣڵӿǰĹ㣬Լļҵס
Сʦ֣ǽʯ׼٣
ҽһʮö
ʦŵӣһµʯһʯˣҲ̫ˣţһöţƴݵؽһöʯ
ɶŵһ¾ʮöҶֻʮ֮һģ˭ҲЦ˭
ڵһĬر죬ֱİ壬ŵӸʮöŵһöʱǹڡ
֮ں׳϶һۣŵӵı׼ʮöʯ
ų˰죬ǿյǧʯԼǧչһ
˵Сʵ̫ˣҲͷһˣŶǷҶʯˣͷǮ
ҶҲյ˴Ѷ
٣ҾһǧȻȫ˰ɡ
ŷЩʯԼģҲˣƤ̫ˣҶϪڵ˶Ź
ҶﴽЦЦҲǧ
˸պôչһ
ԴѶҶһҲ飬ҪʲôӣʮþƷҩݸ㵽ˣǼٿžƷҩʯ׬
ϪںͽҲѶ
СŶ鸽ҩˣҩѣôأ
ϪںҩڵλǴ֧Ԯʯһʮ
žǽҶһ
΢΢һЦʮʯˣټϵǵģ˵Ҳܴյһ򡣡
ȻյųϵĴѶֱ͡
ôҩڣǧӾʹһʯ˼Ҷͽ˾ͳһ
ҩû
׳ϿȻЩڣӣҵװ˳ҪˮƯˣ˰
ĬΣ³һҩڣʮһ
ͳʹʮʵû
ǶԵ̫ˣȥͣһȻԲղŵڴ
ɽעҩڵĶһ콣ڣʮ
ҶŰ壺ʮ
ʱڵĸһôͳʹճʮǧʯεļӼ۹һһΣӲȥ˰
Ǳߣɽҩûټӣûж
Ҳûóôʯˡ
ŵ˺군ˣˣˡ
ҶƬ̣콣ڲӼۣ˫һĽ֣Ӻ˳ȥ
ʱϵһһĿһɫӰֱȥҩȻӹɽ۾
Ҷɽ㰴壺ʮ
Ҷط㵭ϼӣʮ
񿴵ľҳһ£¾Ҷ˼
ɽҪٰĵСϣټӣǴʯͲˡ
һһʯҲŵмҵף֮ǰƷҩݻʮ򣬾ʣ°ʮˡ
ɽŽҶڵķ䣬̧ؿڣо˸ˡ
ûǸҵȥҩڣôӼۣȻǺҩˣУԲҩڵ˵֡
һ壺ʮ
ʯз䵱ʯģۼ۸ߣƽʱֵһǧʯķ䵱ʯ

Ҷ̧üɽɫᰴһ壺ʮ
ɽһؿڣٺϵķܵ䵱ʯ
ܻţǸ˷Żʮһϼӣȴֻһ˵ʲô˵ҩ֮ʮ
˵ټһӮˡ
ʮþƷҩζţԺҩ˵һͷеͷҩھԲĶǡ
һˣˡ
ɽһҧֱӰ壺һ
һ϶סԷ
ҩںͽңڴ֮ʱġ
ɽĵ׿ϲӮˣӮˡ
ҩʲôûš
ץҶҲϲһ򣬼֮ǰΣһһʮʯ²ȱǮƤˡ
Ƥ
Ҷüͷ΢ҪǶƤ
ȽشҶ㼱æתȥٽʱʮüƷҩݡ
ãȻǲ𣿡
ҶҩݵݹȥҡҡͷʮãһʯӦõɽļޣ۵ൽʮʯӦֻʮʯôģʮüƷҩݶˡ
һüƷҩݶֵʮļ۸ˣʮ÷ųȥĲ߼ۣ粻ġ
ʱ¥Ϥ
һһƷһüƷҩݡ
һã
΢㶣ԼʮüƷҩݶˣ֮ǰҶһá
˲ϲеɽһɣѪ
ȻһüƷҩݣûʯˡ
ʹʧƷҩݵҩڼ˿ʼϲ
׳˫ֶŷɽûʯˣɽѪˣ϶ûʯˣüƷҩǵˡ
ɫصҪ̫磬콣ڵļҵײֹЩЩֻɽļҵף˵콣ڵϼһأһǱߵˡ
ǼƷҩݣ콣λҲпܵġ
ǱߵָҶ
׳ϲɺǸ˸˵ʲôǴҩں𣿡
Ҷǰָָʾȥû֪˵ʲô
ҡҡͷ˼һǸŮһƷˣ㣬һβۣûˡ
ҶŸʶ߲˵˸ʶķֿۣıֻжϳһŮӡ
˵ʲôüͷ£Էֻ˵˾䣺ԭҩڵ
˵ˡ
뵽ԷȥӼ۵Ϊһ˼ˣԷЩ߼ҩݵˡ
һ˾Ϊ˺ݺɽСһʡ
ǽҩڵƣɽڿء
ʱ¥ĵӼպеĲˣһأļ۲ʯ˵Ҫ˭ĶƤ࣬üƷҩݱ㻨˭ңΪʱʱ
λصĿΪջ֮ǰʮüƷҩݣıҪԸึһӶء
˵Զ¥ĿݱҪ󣬲Ȼȥˡ
Ǵ˵ݣڵÿִõӶ˽ƣǲÿ˵ݺţֻƵСơ
¥µĻһ䣬㼱ʵϵܣſжƤ
׳ҡͷûСҩģҪƤɶ
ûУ
ûôУֻüҲûУ֪ŹҲûš
ͬһʱ䣬ҩڵյĴѶ
еȥԶƤһһǧʯټһǧ׵㣬ָʯչʱЧۣͯӡ


57 
Ѷż׸żæŵ뿪
ȥģ
ȻȥԶƤ, ȫָǰСôС
Сֻʯˣʱ, ס
ҩڵ϶Ҫ²һ䣺Ϊ̫ˣǱӶˣˡ
˶ȥѼƤĹҶڿСȥʯ
ȡʯ£ԾôͣؽҲȥȡ
˵ţԼϵǼɫʾ⽭ϡ
ܸʶķۻǰġ
û, Ҷ˵ίңֻһߵˣδǸŮӡ
ŮӶ˽Ƭ̣һ, λǼƷҩˡ
еΪ, ǲס˵ò, һ, Ǿִọ̃ͬʱҲˡ
ûпҶ˵ֻܰСƵ, µԻʯ
̽ӹСƣָժָݸ
Ĺȡٷ֮Ӷ, ˸һƷԸóһ, ʶѣֻһɣǰٷ֮ˡþΡ
һɾʮʯﻹʣһʮʯ
أһǲȶõļ۸ƷģκζԷ̫ˣֱóһɡ
Ҳɵӣһóô༫ƷҩݵˣҪô챦ҪôǵʲôĻԵ
һغˡ
֪˶ԣһٸôӶǺ£ͷӹָ
̼״ֱժߣ¶һĿƵüȻӦˣǲ촰˵ϵֵʮʯ͵ǽļˣ̣Ǵ˼ˡ
ƹִö꣬ʶ˵ıȻ
ǰȻĬԣ̬ϸ΢ĶǰǸ˵ˡ
ֵʮĴ䣡
ػԷκСĴ̫Сˣװһٶʯ
ժԳǲܵġ
һ£˸ţҽҶ
̼ժߣҲǿóһɫСƵݸ񣺡ҶüȻһ㣬ԺĹͣƾƣӶҪٽκηãʲôöɲҪ˽㰡
֪˲֮½ѭ򽥽ڶԷԸݵʱ̫żֻỵ¡
л̽㡣ûпԺȻҩݣѶ㷽㣬ûʲôþܾġ
ǽͲҶˣɢʱҽ㣬ǳȥ̺
ͷպýָͽƴҴ۷
Ҷ֮󣬲Īһ
ôʯܾЩ̤ʵ
Ҷ΢̧ǸˣύǺ¡
ؿһۣ㶼֪ˣ
¹Ҳδ֪
µһЩҶͷǵһҲǵһμ̣λǰӶ˽һЩ
ִͳ֮ƾı̴Ӳ˵ı£ԪӤڵΪ
ֻһûӶ𣬻䣬ұ˸Щ飬λȣе㲻̫ӡ
ҶްҲЩ
壬ȴ£ܶʱԴΪ档
ʱȫȨ͡
Ϊ˶ҪԼ˶Ҫɳ
Žúܺá
Ҷô˵óһö䡣
öܲͷұܣԼôʯϣʵûаȫС
¹֪ġ
ҲûпԴʯУοڽ¹лס
һԼиʲô⣬ܱסһʯ
ôһ룬پ̫ˡ
ԺСУҲ԰㱣ܡöʯ
װСŮŮ춨Եɫ趨ΪܻһУŲġ
ҶɫŮԾﴽá
ʱܿȥҩڵ˷糾͵ظϻء
һ¹ڣˣôƤӦùˣµ˵콣Ǳû뿪
ɽСԳݣ϶ȥޡ
ؼʱ̣ҩ졣
ֲܵԣʲô÷Ųµġ
ģȫڳҩʮŶƤȡʤһüƷҩݡ
ڽʱ򣬷ҵһ㷴Ϊĸо
ƤԸи󣬲֪ɷ뼫Ʒҩݵ˼һ档
ҩʮƤ콣ʮţô࣬е
Եȡ
ĵȥֻأֻĸ֣˲
Ųһõ
ԣֻܽƤպǿüƷҩݣòһ
ǻӲһЩκβðգһӲͷˣֵļƷҩô죿
ִ֮ÿʼ峡
ȴߣĥĥ
ɵӣȻ֪Ǽҵĺ˿ǼƷҩݵˣôҲټһ档
ɽҲɵӣҩڵһĥ䡣
֮⣬һҲڶǼҡ
۳Ӱίң˼һ˼
̿Яˣ¶ɫλҪ𣿲Ҳ£Իᰲ뿪
˶ŸʶߣҲߣǲ¶Ŀˡ
ɴŸʶķۣΣҶֻ˼ͨĺɫۡ
΢еϤĿˡ
Ҷһۣϵö˼Ƭ̡
ҩ˵Ƥ̸һʽס
콣˵Ըٳ߼۹߼ҩݡ
һ￴ɢ޵ˣҳֽ
΢⼸ҳֽźϤǰ뱾ʦǳһûдʲôҪݣֻᵽһַ֣ͷ

ѵԷµҪƤĿģ
ôҪҪһأ
ҶУڵǼ⼸ҳֽˡ
µõ޷һҲûеõУֻво
Էóôҳֽʹ˽񣬱Ȼ̡
ᱣ֤ǵİȫʡ
Ҷ˾Ҳˣ㰲ĵǻɢ޵ĵ
ɢһϸˣϲûдߣǺǷ/¶
Ҷϸ˼ۣ
뵽ʲôķųʶȻ
Է˵ѯλѿɻмƷҩݣϸﻹмҳֽ֪ܲ
һ£óһüƷҩݡ
ϸ˵ʱ۾һǶƤȻģǷʦһ켶Ҳ˵֪켶֮
绹ǲСﰡ
ȷһ㣬ʹóشͷʣǼҳֽݸ
ֻ˴ͷĻû衣
ĬĬϸ۵׾һ䶨
켶֮ҵˡ
˶ûжԣһֽֽһֽҩݡ
ͨ뿪󣬽ҶΨб䣬ֱӻҩڡ
ϸ˺ȥϵġóһ̣СʱЦҩڣ˼
ҩڵҩݣԼ˻ʯƤ
λǹϷأǱԼڹأ
ڹķصűټеӷԸһҪչؼƷҩ
׳ϴ˴С֮ǰǴյЩʯ
ܲ˻
ڵԣĬĬ˶䣬ȴż
ɫЩСʮöһöģôʯ˾ˣȻż
ȫҵףʯ
׳ʹĲѣԼʯӻˡ
ɫãȻǲ뵽ôһ£óǿüƷҩݣ֪ʲô𣿼ƷҩݣһɵǼֵʯ
׳ļȻأ
Ȼ󣬷һʹΪ˵õüƷҩݣù˴ԵƤΪ˼һ棬ٴ̽һЩƷҩݵϢڻʯ˰һǱڴˣǱ֮ڲΪҩڵδȥðգպʯһҡ
˵ʱֻһȥˣȻûţŪ졣
Ѿڴʯôͻȥأⲻ˵ּ
ҲΪţǷݲûˡ
ǷҲûˡ
ǷҲá
һʱ䣬ҩڵǰδеŽᣬǢ
ǢҲУһڵļ׳ϡ
ԼвûιȥӲرһ䣺ҵǷݡҲûˡ
еļҵŶ
ҶһۣԵͷȥǿûЦ
ǲ֪黹ˡ
ûʲôһ¡
ݼҲڣԼһ㶼顣


58 
жļ׳ϵļ, תͷϣϵܰΪų, Ŷûٹ׵ͻ٣ܿ˴ҡֶŮϪڵù׵־ͲˣŻһʯɡ
˵꣬ؿ˽һۣĴһǧʯҲһˣҪס
ϵһ˲Ť, ĵҲ֪ù׵ҵʯ񻰰ˣµĹ׵㶼ôˡ
Ϊʲôһʯ
Ͽ޿ļ׸ӣǿЦá
ˣϼһ, ʧӦġ
صͷ, ϻܵµġ
źһ, ʮ޶ʯ, ˬرչȥˡ
ȼƷҩ꣬һþܳƷҩһƿ, ƿôҲʮʯ
Ǿ׬
ĵ׺ǺǣһëΣ˵, ǿ˼ϵġ
Ȼȥɣ׳һ𡣡Ỻº͵ڶ, ˽˼
ҶλϸˣЩġ
Ӧá
˱׳һ󷽵Ķ
֮ԭվƬ̣ľôˣûн
۵һƤȥ
ڽڣ˽⡣
֮ڿһЩСӸյõһ̲סС
ϢģŲǵ
֪ʲôҶɫڵϲ㡣
׳ϾϵڽϵǾˣʱձػΪķĽ𡣡
ɲģ⻯ǶܳΪĽ޴ܡ
СȻ죬ǰ;
ڵõ˱˵϶֮ڵͷĵظˡ
ûиߣ˵СӵһӣҶһʱ˽
׳Ҳֿԣ֮ڵһۣ϶ǹģȡλá
Īһ۵׳ϣ
Сʲôǲ˲զأһ㶼֪ϰס
˶Ҷֹţɫ͸Щࡣ
˲ɫҶʲôҪ˵ɡ
Ҷȴ񣺡Ǽֽó
Եóݸ
Ҷûнӣת׳ϣǰݶ𣿡
Ǹ//Ƥ//ߵϸˡ
ʶҶڵʲôֽݸ׳ϣǰ⼸ҳֽżȻãû⡣
׳Ͻӹǿݣתһ⼸ҳֽû黹һ¹⡣
ϡ
Ϸûпص켶Ļ
˶Ŀ¶ãȻ׳ϱ㷭һ飬߿߽͵ݼأҲǷּģϵ£졢ءˣ߼켶Զʤڵؼ˼ݱֽ飬ݲɸģֽŲ١һʧǧ꣬Ǵĵġ
׳˵û⣬ģű뵽ԼǰԼݵġʦ
ֽ飬ΪʦⱾϼصĶ켶
ҶҲǷ⣬Է⼸ҳֽԭһ//Ƥ//ߵ˼ңһʿ
֪˸ʶ֮⣬һĿǾ//Ƥ//ߡ
ֹҲʧ
һ߾ǻҲݵðʹá
óʮʯҪƷҩݵˣ磬벻ҩڻλҩ޴ܻô
ûʮûҩ֣֮Ҳûб콣ȥİƷҩݣϸǻϡ
ҶȷԼûпԷųʶϸɨһŷϸϴһ//Ƥ//ߡ
ɭȻٴΪأǱδػˡ
ɭ֮󣬲ÿһסʿĻ¡
//Ƥ//ߵϸˣ׳üͷҲ벻ʲôˣǴʾʿˡ
֪һЩԭݵĽ뵽һ㣬Ȼֻһ룬ǰ벿ƶϣһ١
ƽٵŮ˽ٵȴˣҲߣͨͨˡ
룬²ҲһʿҲ˵緲˴ͨˡ
׳һЦҡͷѸ߿ˣΪûУĻ//Ƥ//ʧѾõûϱһǱ룬Ҫ̫ƽˡ
ʿҪͳ½ģȻˣ϶ᰲ֡
ҶͷһϪһˣҩڸ֪һ
ҩڵõϢȻ֪ͨţԴͻƵԪӤڻûлعϪڣҲûȥ常˳͵̸һ̸ˡ
ҶҪϪڣһҪס˵ķСɡ
žһȥˣ֮һ
ҶĿ˫ӣַɿƿߣ۵׸һĨǳЦ⣺á
׳ϲĵǼȻѾӴʿˣҪСЩϷҲҶѰɡ
Ҳȥ֮ڽŲҪ¡
Ҷ۵׵ЦûɫȻҲã͸λˡ
ҶѼˣ˭˭׳ϰڰ֡
ûǶԼˡ֮ڸϽһ䣬ɶʲôһҪλˡ
Ȼûʲôλš
úһ˱ѿʿǱϢ֪ҩڵλϣ󲻽Ϫڸȥ
ɽ£ĳ˴Ŀջ΢ָתϪڡ
ϸæӴһԾ𣬴ϣȥλʦ
켶֮Ҫˡ
켶ݵֽųֽܶţȴųͬһķǼҳֽϱһŵؼ׷ٷ
ϸ˵͵һЦеָ̳ʾŷһо֮С
һ·׷Ϫɽ£ͷϪڵĵؽˡ
ϸԭⲽһһʵֱӷԸټˣպСţȡ֮
պãЩҲҪһӪϪھͲ
Ҳ˾ϣǸصķʦȻҪƤ˵ѾǽΪһͻƵԪӤڣͻˡ
Ҫ죬ҪϪһֲ
ֻҪռϪɽͷٲԪӤڶκβ˵ĻڴŷӦҲˡ
һʱ䣬˴ʱкӰж׷׳Ϫڵķ
ϪڣҶźý˵סȥ
׳ϢƬֻ̣ҽ
ѣ׷켶
ȻǵģȻǴ֮жԷмӳɵãܰıҲ̫ˡ
Ǳͬ켶ǾͲˡ
ʵҲǺȷԥһ£óԼǰʦϸ˵Ǽֽ
׳ϿһⱾоǲʲô켶ͼʦҳէȻⱾоȻʶһԶǼҳֽϵһ
һŷ
񿴵Ŀɿڴ⼸ҳֽǡʦһ֣
켶
ֽ飿
鲻Լϱݣ
׳Ҳһȹƾðķϣǡؼ׷ٷã˸ǡ
һ䣬㼱æѶҶ
ŸߵҶǰͻȻֵĹ㣬īü΢æת۷


59 
ҶǰŻ, պͽ׳ϸ棬֮ںž͵ˡ
֮ڣ
ְˣ
еλ
׳ϼ, ɫص׷ٷҶѣǱˣ׷ٷǸϸ֪ͽѶϪڡ
ҶԿ۽˵ʲôֵøٵģһǳһٶʯǶԷϻи߼ҩݣǽı¡
ֻܡ
ԷΪһĿ׷ٵأֻĿĶС
Ҳ, ׷ٷԷȻ֪ͼıѾ˹׷ٷϪ, ĳȥ
е, 黹ûж, Ҳ, ȽźãϷɡ׳޳ɵ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣Һ׳, ǳȥ̽ȽϺʡ
ʱͽûб¶//࣬Ǹϸˡ
ʱ, ͽ񶼳ȥ̫ˡ
׳ԪӤ, Ҳеע⣬֮ڵͺΪʺȥɽ´̽
ͷԡ
ҶóһȵСʯͷɽ֮ӰʯСġ
ӹӰʯһôʹñ֮һɽ
ɽ²ûмˣɢҲʲô쳣
ȥ￴֮ѹָָɢнм׾һ˴
ҲϪӡ
ͷʵҪҪ·
ڴĶҩڵӵĵۡ
֮ҡҡͷϵΪزס·Ǵ˵ʡ
Ҵˡͻˣ񰵰ԼԺҪ˼Уɴ⡣
ȷĿ֮󣬱װĿĵй߽Ǹӡ
Ϻ֣żҲܼһ߾ûôۡ
Ĵϵˡ
ؽֽģּۻ۵ģϴˮģ׷ֵĺͯһп
ܾ͸һ˿Υ͸Уʲô⡣
˵˿Υ͸ԴԺδ
ܿ죬ǾʹͷߵβɫȻ뿪ӡ
˸Ϫڡ
ûʲôԾ˵óǿӰʯбֳһζӰ񣬴Ǿɢпʼ
ӰչֵǸ˴ʱҶĿ΢ûͣﲻ̫ԡ
ﲻԣæʣ¹Ҳ
Ҷ룺ϪҲȥأԶûлô̫࣬ˡ
ЩֶûΪ
׳ϲΪӵ˿ڱˣЩٶ༸ʲôأ
˵˵ûһɱߣв
ǲԣǿЩˣÿ˶ææµµ·ڸ˾ְлҳĶûСָŻϵˣ֪ΪʲôΥ͸ˡ
Щ̫ˣڵ̫̫ڲͣϴˣûһŵġ
ôһѣ׳϶ſһҲ⣺ЩԾ˰һ˫ػصϴоϷ˿Ƶġ
ʱҶü׳ϣǰʲô취ͬʱ˵Ϊ
ܣϷ֪һַϢζԲһ㣬ܲΪķȻҲеġ׳ϻȻʣЩ˶Ϊαװɷˣµ龰нˡ
֮ͨüͷҲԣЩΪҪǣѵв
ⲻ
Լ֮ǰĲ²⣬̾һҲԸģĵλ֮ͣ˵Ҳ֪˭Ը汲Զأƽȴ֮ǲܾ
ᾡϡ
˲ɳĬ⻰ûҲԸ⡣
ˣûǿʳ磬עǵλ͵Ĵڡ
Ҷ˳Ĭһжǲ²·ͬСɣȥ常׼
Ƴ׳Ϻ֮һۣͣҲǰһЩ׼λȻذɡ
ûˣ׷аȫС
׳Ϻ֮뿪󣬽óʮŶƤϴλʣµһСƿѪ
ʮ׷һ£ӴóһƤֻһ޵ĹʣһŴͷ
ͷϸ˵ǼֽѾʦԶϵһ滹˼֣һͷԲʮ̱
һͷһһҶӣǰһڣ˲⡣
ߵҶǰͻȻðˣĿ¶ɻ󣺡ô𣿡
û£Դͷæεҡҡͷתء
⴫ͷһǳ֡
ϲ֮£ϽʣһƤ˴ͷ
Խ˵һѾȽϼ򵥣ɹǰٷ֮٣鼼
һæµɹһͷʮŶ׷
պʮŷپİ
³ǶԷǻڴܣȻ˭¡
ߣҶҲǼ˵ķָ֪
Ƭ̵ȶŵ㣬Ǽڣ常ġ
Ҷĸ˿Ǵ˹콣ٽڵӣԪӤڵɽѪԡ
һЩʿɭֶΪǽ𵤺ڣΪ塣
Ҷȴûôֹۣ常ɭȻΪƣΪߵ˿ѹΪͨ
ˣʱɽϱѹΪġ
˵ɭֵĽ©ģȻԪӤڵĴܿѹΪڴܱȻҲԡ
ǱߵԶ½绹ûȥʿʵʼմɡ
һǱߵԪӤڴܺͻڴܲأ
ɽЩΪлڴܣ㾡Ǽ֮Ҳѻʯ
ɫЩҴѶҩڣ׼ʱ⣬Ҳüʱ֧Ԯ
˰ţҶԷģЦ常ǡ
̸˼䣬Ҷ뿪ŵĳϵȥ
ߵ·Ųһ٣ת뿪
ʿ񣬲¶ˣֻڵΪȷһţ¹ٺ̸
Ҷߵһתȥˣһӻϵ
Ҷϣ·ֻȥˡ
Ҷ΢ʵ׼ǸסԱߵĶ
ǣӾûпסĶ
ҶϵõȷĴ𰸣õ¡
ĺŮǷء
Ůˣ첲ѧˡ
Ҷϳ˼ΣЦһóѶȥһ仰ҴӦˣ֮ǰŵĶһҪһӵ
ȻãǾͱĺˡ
ɽ£ϸ˿ǰĹ㣬˼仰
ɫ͵һЦԸȥʱ㶯֣Ӻɽȥ˽Ӧǡ
ЩڼˣȻǱʣﰹࡣ
ǱһĹӣֻѺõһ˿һǧٿף׾ܱá
ЩﲻһߣΪá
º󣬺ǺǣѾõĹӾ͸
ҹĻƽ͵Ĵȴűİӿ


60 
繳, ǹ䡣
ķİʦϸ˹Զ½ʿ, ׳ϵƲҲΪ档
ʦϼصľ켶
ôϸ˼ҳͷ֮⣬켶Ļ
˵Զ½ǱߵûСʦⱾؼ°أ
Ȼһǿҵֱʿ϶б켶
ϧˡ
ĲоԴϴ˶׷֮󣬾Զϴͷݣ֮뱾ʦûб춯ˡ
ۼ֮˭ֻһ顣
С˵ôҩڵΪûзⱾʦأǶһµ𣿡
Թ, ﻹбĲоҲ˵
С껯γ˭֪أʵ֪ʡ
ʣ
˭أ
ܿ죬һʵѡ, ҩڲǸ޾Ͳ
Ӳȴһ䣺ţʦ㿴ʦⱾо
ţƵĻظ׽˽еɻ
ţز, ı鶼˲ֻһ, ǰʦţ, ֻ˵ʦǧǰû˵ô
Ĳо˼ԼⱾ֮ǰ, ׷Ļͷ֮ûг֣Ҳֳģ
ˣʱⱾ춯, ֶ׷ݵʱҲʱһ
ѲԼ
̲סŷ˼Сڻһʲô켶ؼܲɡ
СƲΪѪ, ͷ˵𣬴֮Ѫ߷켶飬˵ܲǴ֮塣
˵ͷҲһ֮ˡ
СŽɫԵôµӣ˼Щʲôأ˵һ˼밡ޣ˵һоо
ϵ̫ˣҵ
ЦؿС꣺оʲô
СһȤӣС귭˸ۣһתоһԲ֮ҹʲôʱȤ𣿡
񣺡⻵꣬ܲ˵¡
Բ֮ҹҲС¡
ûǸ£Ӧ׳ϡ
һͷɨˣԼһоû𡣡
ҡͷûУԴҽϵķӡֻ֮Ʊˣҹı£治ᡣ
ҪԲ֮ҹͺˡ
ȷʵҪ׳һ£Ҫǰи׼ȻػضôͻȻֿʵġ
Сüë΢΢ָǲᣬȥ㰡˵ǰ֪أɲÿ˶ľͷ׮ӣһҲġ
ľͷ׮ӽֱѡжӦСĻ
תϴ˯
˵˭ľͷ׮أﲻˣոջ׳һء
СɶҲ֪½ۡ
һ˯ûС࣬ǻʵ۲̫༱
ˣҲ˯ܻԲġ
ùһ㲻ʮ壬ǲа
ڱ۾򣬲֪ΪСĻΪ⧲Բ֮ҹûô˯š
շתൽͳȥ׳ˡ
֪һԲ֮ҹһ죿Ϸܲðһ䣬Բ֮ҹʲôر𣿡׳Ƴźӣһ
ƽûʲôرģֻϲ°ˡ
֪˻һ׳ϵɫŹ
ͣشŽ񣬳źӵֻѿ϶ڷϷɡ
ЩС֮ǰԶԿڷ
治ɫôᣬֻϲ£Բ˱ȽϺÿ
ôŷ
У׳ϵıôֵֹģ
ˣҹҶҲͬ⣬Ϸһ䣬˵
׳ϻһ٣Ŀ͸ЩϷʡ
˵ʲô죬ϲԡ
¹ʹˣôû˵
׳ЦǺǵҶ˵ϲ£Բ˲źÿû뵽Ҳô˵ϷΪϷء
ĻţһģͷӺúء
񣺣
ⲻ
׳ʶȤû׷ʣĽ˵һ飺ǣʱһɼԲ

һͣ⧲
׳ϣҶ
¹ڲԶĿյ֮£µʼյģҶ侲Գֵӡ
ŽµӰһƬᡣ
龰ƣϴҲ
¹ǰ֪Բ֮ҹȴûи֪˼Լ־ŵ˺̶
̶
ɿ˼ţѲɰ¹ָעˣ
ԶһͣҶִվ߿˹
Ųһʶ˹ȥ
棬һ֮ң
ҶֻǰվţҸȥ׳ϡ
Ҷ˾䣺£
˵䣬һŵϵĿҶԤϵ˽ʲô
һЩƮԲ֮ҹһա
Ҷûӻֻǰ˻뽭ӡ
Ȼ޲ɫ񣺡׳˵ҹʹˡ
䣬ֱֱضҶ۾ĵĪš
˵ˣ¹⵽ôģܸܲ׼Ű
ҶŽЩı飬һ£ǡ
ɵۣûˣôһ֣
˵仰
С˵öԣͰ¹ϧӣֻ
ĵһ̾òֱ˵ص㡣
Բ֮ҹңȥ㣿
Ҷ΢ûϵǰ˻ôֱס
򴽽ǣ⽥³֣ҵ㡣
ǰ΢΢ĲһĨ죬Ỻ֮
һӾͿҲʼ
Ծָ˵ͣãʱһұѰ㡣
˵գҲ޷ʧ˽תͷߡ
ӰֻʣŲҡ
ҶǵĶӵӰ˹սıٴγڽ֮С
ӯ۷ɣ䣬ʱסЦǡ
סҶڣ׵ľ룬ת˲㵽
źĺѾָƽȴþûлָࡣ
СҶô
ţͦõİС걻ʵһ㶣뽭ҶղŵĶԻ˱Ť̫ÿˡ
С֮໥̽İϷֱԡ
ѧˣԺҲôɣ
˶٣治ɫʣҺΪ£ô
񣬴ţĶҶĶˡ
ô䲻ϡ
һһѳǽǵé
һͷͰС꣬˲ζ
ƴˣɱ㡣Сһˣ졣
һ壬ͳŽ̹
ʱббطһѷĽ䡣
һƽҶס´󹦵ı
˺£
أˣҾǿ˸ЦͰӹͰˣҪСһ޿ɤӸɺ
ɾˣޣĽɾˡ
ҲҪǰѳˡ
Ҷԣ
һ̯ҲЦ˭֪Ӧô󡣡
ֱӺѸڵҶˣС겻аذ


61 
޹գ, 峺ôˣԳֹɡ
Ҷһ, Ŀڵϣͨ彣ѾȾۣɢŲ̫ŵζ
ʱСԹӺζЦ
Ҷ֪ۣĸ첲ҡҡȥСֿ꣬񣺡ҩڵӣϪڵĵ彣
ͷǸûһѣҩûҷ彣
ҩڵӶҩ޺Ͷޣܶ඼ûЯ彣, ϪڵӶǽޣűһѽ콣֡
ŵӣҩڸͲӷ彣
ҶҲ뵽һ㣺常ﻹмõ彣ϸһѡ
º, ɫ, һҲǱ, ղص彣ɶϵȱ
Цŵͷ, л
˿
һһСֱ飬Ĺأ
˭˵˵
װԹͰһء
̫۸ˡ
ίСһ, ԭץҶ첲ֱ˻㣬ǰѽˣҲȥڲס, ˵Ǻã
ǰѽȻͨǰ˽, Բס
£СǴҲȥǰѽͰĳˣ񶼲ˡ
С̫֣͸ġ
ҪطţҶ߾Ͳ
ҶعС꣺ԪӤڵĽƣҶʩչ
С겻񣬽ΪֲԼʶ︽Ȼʾ÷ڡ
С껹Ҫ
㣬ϲѽžáСֱӻָһĽƣ˽ȥ
һ£Ҷľܾ
Ҷһ䴽ЦЦû˵ʲô
һ°ɫۣīΪǺЦü۸⶯ˣ¹ӣۡ
ҶԼûκν쳹ߣһһ¡
ͻȻñܲһȫľ
׷Ҷ
Ӿ˵û
սչأ꼫ƷҩݳķźȻǰĹ㣬Щԡ
˵Ļˣһ䣿
Сỹ۹ģ첻Ժȡ
ǣڵĻԣ׬
ߣǰй㸡֣ҩڴѶҶ΢΢ףת뿪
Сôشڱһˡ
ߣȡЦ䣺ľͷ׮ӣ㲻ɴ󷢴ȱȥˣؼޣ
һæصС㲻Ҫ˵æԼ׷ġ

ԺֻһħԵЦСֲ֧ػ˻ӣûʧĽ
ıȻ/ֹҶ۵׻һ˿ɻ󣺡С
СһЦ㣬ʲôԸ
±áԺﶸȻСҶһʱЩӦüͷ΢΢
ƽʱС괫̸
֪ΪΣһ뵽üͷչĪ
С۲Ҷɣ۵Ц⣬ŵӵ㣬ýô
Ҷ룬صпɡ˺ܺá
úͽΪô
Ҷ
ת֮죬ӱ˶ЩӦ
ȻƬ̣¶ɫʵΪʣ
Сĵ͵ЦһΪôҵİҲ֪ʲô˼Ծ㡣
ŶʵģҶŲ΢٣ִǰ
ţߡ
С״ֱӻ棬һʡҶô˵ܺúܺãʡҺҶΪô
Ҷ裬ƸСһôصģ
˵ôã䲻ϡ߳ŭӹͰˡ
⻰Ҷ̲ס䴽յ裬סߵЦ⡣
ԭôһ¡
СЩ޵㣬˵ǲ̫ˣֻʵʵ˵ʲôֱд
Сĵֿ˻ӣȻҰӹͰѻǵС˼׳졣
˱ǣ΢࣬Ҷ˿ڣǹЩ
С²Ҿ˵ɣһҪұ˫/޵ʱúʰԺҾߵˣҸɶҾ͸ɶ
ٺٺ٣ӻҲ۸
Ժпɽˡ
ҶĴɽ
Ҷɫһ£Ӧš
㣬Խ˵˫/޵ʱô˵˵¡
Сһԣ۵׾һʱ̫ǰǶϪʲô˵С顣
Ҷ΢΢սеĲյƽʱЩ𣿡
԰Ҹ˫/޵£ɭǸֲڻܻΣڽʶ
һֱڽʶ
ʲôܿʲôõǸ˻¡
СûʶԼĲףͷ԰ϧ̫ˣûǵ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ҲЩˣȥϢɡ
ѱĵһĿ⿴Сꡣ
С˴Ŷá
޶ôϧԼ彣
һ˯ϣ
Сֹ䣬Ҷ¹ԹԻصһ뵽Ժɵϣǰ彣ˡ
ǰѽϣٲ÷Ŵ̨ʹ
ޣĽˣŲȥ
á
ÿְ˯Ͼ˯ϰɡ
Ҷǰһյ߶˺ܾãֱˮ͸ˣźһڡ
ɬʡ
ָһЩ侲
ϦȥҹĻʹ
ڣʱС겻ˣͻȻһʱЩӦ
ֱʱһ¹ڣǿƱ˯ʩ˸ųš
ҹˮҲûţ֪ȥƴֻźʱһ¶ȫò
ҹⴵӣȴЩȡ
ʱϵı΢Сŵ٩Ժ
ûʱأҼˣôͰ
Ƴ۵ϵĻ̌ԶһЩô
С궼䵽ɵˣĵ٩
Ҽ㡯Ŷȥʲôλ
ҶĴɸأȥţռһ롣
ӣתţ
ңҲʰ㡭
ڼ˻ͷȥᡣ
ڣҶǰ̧ʵѰҺ£
ȿȿȣ㣬û彣ֲڵġɫΡ
£
¹ⲻ֪
Ƥ˵˫/ޡĻҺûýڡ
Ҷ̲Ҽǲˣ常ûõ彣
ΪСĻãûȥ彣
һ֪ͣôӣֻĬĬǰ
ԣ衣
ֱʱ٣ƺ˳ԲԲỊ̇ԡ
Ҷƽ˱仯īüת䱻εѬ졣
Ҷǡ
ĻŸճڣͼҶ°ɫһӣҹʱ޹⣬һƬҹɫС


62 

ɭҹĻ֮, С¹Żڴ
̤ҹɫ
˿գ, һ˿Ϥ
С¹۾ڻҹɫ´ѾİŮˡ
ǣ̧Ķ䡣
С¹䷢̣˼ֻ
˼ûзӦ㿪ʼ̰ģ̰ĵӵиࡣ
С¹΢΢ͷ˶㣬գ۽ǣ˶˷ġ
ü֮, 欣ġ
˲䱻/һûһµ̧С¹°͡
ǽҧסԼ
ǿС¹ͷ
һ̣ʧҵĺ
·õ˹
ʧȥ, ιɭֵĻ, Ƕ仨
С¹ȴϾͷ, ִֵƿˡ
ãȻһ, ֽ޴վƺС¹Ϊ־ܾĿ
С¹ƫͷȥҹ, ʶﻹС
ʶλ˯ˣҲ㲻Цһ, С¹ҹķ
ĳС˻
С¹Ĭʲô
˱ǰ, ӵڻ̽
ʱҹĻĹƣԺٻС¹ɢǡ
ɽ춯
С¹ȻѣסѾ˻ˡ
һͣȴҲ֪ػֻڻƣûнȥ
ǶصĻȴ֦Ҷᷢ
µԭҰٿȻӭ䣬еĻߡ
񣬲Ҫ
⡣
Ҷ͵ѣ˳û//µĵۣɫߺ졣
ȻһʱûӣѿڶֻǸ·Ʋٷɡ
ްҶӦһ̧޼ڷ
һɨȥ//ϵı
ΪѾͽ˫/˼ΣƷò֮ǰǰֻôһ£
Ҷӻ䣬ҹһŽһŻֱ
Щڵƿߣһҹȥɡ
šҶƿţٻصϵı
˱һȥ
·ϣСʰҲ̫˰ɡ
ŰӵĹ˾ͳˡ
Ҷûлش⣬ת£ɽ춯常Ҫȥ
ֲãһΪ㲻أǣ˵ССһʱ죬ָϽĿڵ
Ҷ򴽣ӳµĶһĺ͸


63 
Ϫ, ڡ
ɫҶǺͽһ, 常
Ҷ߽ңһڴϡ
ţ˫ֺʮеϵķ
һλӦڷİС
ֻźɽɽŵӳһ˰˰ݣһ˲Եڵأûʶ
Ǹӵͷ񡢺޷֮ʱְǵˣ¶һϤ, Ҷϡ
֣ɢϪڵĻڷûзĹܣֻڸܵʱŻᱻӰԭֻܹ˵, ˵ʿ, Ҳ, ѷɽơ
ǰڶ, ƶֻб޻û뵽˸ӡ
Ǹ˻ϪڵĳϣҶĵ
˵ߴҶɫ
Ҷ, ۵ȴڲ졣
ΪΣ
Ŀ¶⣬ʱĳ˲, ֪жൣҶҲǣС
¿ҶҶΪӦǲ֪ġ
ûˡ
̾˿, Ҹܵ춯ĸȥԶԶͼҶϵܸЩʿͷȺʮ˶ԪӤΪ
ԪӤڵĴܣʮλԷѹΪʿ
Ҳֻ콣λڴܿԻⳡˡ
콣λչض겻ϪҲ벻
ҶĻһֱ³Ȼʿйᡣ
עҶɫԸϵǱߣѾܿʿֱӺϵ֮ǣߴŵˣ֮ϪлеͶʿ常иҪ㡣
ʿ͸֮´ĿʼѷʱѾıһˣǴˡ
ˡ
常Ը
ҶѹѴѶҩڽӦϪڽտһ٣㰵ټЩӣϴȥҩڣɽڣûա
óһŵ˶Ǹϵǣ治ŵùĵӡ
常أҶǽɬ
Զ¶һ˿Ц常ǲʱ뿪Ϊأھʹߡ
Ҷ򴽣תͷߣŲ֮죬һһͷ
磬ԪӤڵĴָ
常һҩڵķһںڵλǣڵųǣ콣ڵλǣֻаλ
ԪӤΪ˾͸ˣֻС׳ˡ
콣λɽ֮ҲδʮԪӤʿĶ֡
˽ٲϪڵĽ٣Ľ١
ڣһҶӭȥʲôˣ
Ҷƽƽ֮ȴѹűʹ
ȥ׳Ϻ֮ڣɽŵңϻҩڡ
ҶͣתͷȥټϪڵӡ
ٽʱɽţҶ׷ٷһˣţϷۡ
ССķۣϪڰӣһƽʱڳϵĵӣȫ
֮бȻв˲֪ʿһ£ֹͷѾûʱȥ飬ȥų
ҹɫīӿã㵽ʱ
ϪϿȻʲô
Ҷһǻڷˡ
常
ֶŮӦˣߡվҩڵķϣɫص֡
Ҷ乪˹۸ϡ
תϪڵϯģʦ֣ȥҩڣһӷţԼĪҪ¡
ͷһ𶯣㲻һȥ𣿡
Ȼ֪ʲô£Ҳ֪̬ôҪȥҩڱѣҶϵӰϪڿǴͷ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷĪҪд㡣
ϣ׳ϡ֮ˣλϪڵһ·ڴлˡ
ûг
׳ϱӻҶѷģһϪڵȥҩڣڣǱڡ
֮˱ȭʾӦ
ҶͷתϪȥ
һ뿪Ϫڵķۣ㴫С꣺С㲻ظˣҵȥѰɡ
СЦЦһ䣺ģаջסԼô֣һ̫ϧˡ
˵䣬ĴһǰȻͼҺͽСϱ
ҶԣȰɡ
Ϫ常󣬽̵
常·
Ϊ飬Ϊȫ
ʱϪڣһƬš
ѾϪڵӵʬףżżһߺ˵ġ
ʿΧסϸձѰ׷ٷλҲλԪӤڴܣӦöʶʱΪܵĵǸʦϸҲ㲻ųϣΣ
Ҷһæ˵õĲһǴӦϷ𣿡
ϸ˵Цһܵǻһų֮λ𡣡
ҶԷȰľܣͰ˽ɡ
˵Ϫʲôʱзʦˣô֪
ۿЩˣڵڲ֪˵ʲôҪ˵ϻ
ʱ͵ӦѾҩڻ˰ɣҲܷȥˣϪĻҵһȥˡ
һ̩Ȼأɫ䡣
常
㡭֮ߡ
Ҷִأˮǰ
常˵Ϫڣڡ
Ȼ˵ʲôѰĻ
Ϫڲڣڣ
ϸ˼״һЦ㣬Ƿʦ
ϵҶΡ
Ҷûзϣҡ
ʱдһʵλ𣿡
Ӱһ¡
׳һرæվҶߣС͵ҶѣϷ֮УǴϪڵһȥҩڵģһס
С᲻ȰƫҪ˵ʲô빲
Ե̰ƵģһҲˡ
׳ھͺܺڣΪϪζ͵ʱĽһⲻ
Ͼû֧Ԯ
üһһȥʮԪӤڴܣͷǲ֧Ԯ
ҪСǺҿ
ֱ֮վҶֱָ࣬ϸˣɸһս
ޱȰ
׳Ͼźӵֱ֪Сᣬⲻϸ
Ĳֹ֮һߵҶǰҶ㡣
ڰ׹ǴһЦģĿ㣬·֪ڸ
Ҷ˲ëսıǲ
һģһĻһģһĳȻˡ
Ķǣˡ
龰ϸ˸ƴЦеǣҾŵӣʡˡ
Ϊ˸գû뵽ʦȻɵѾ˻Ͷ
þģֱӰҶһ常һ䣬Щˣһһ
⼸ӣ̫ɵ˰û
ƾ㻹סǣڵʦһڶϸָָҶߺһ
ʿʱƽɱӿ


64 
Χסļʿ, ϸΪ׵ʮԪӤڴ붯֡
һ˱ƻ˴ڡ
ϸһ֣ʮ˱㳯׳Ϻ֮Χȥ
Ҷ, ˫һ̧Ʊˡ
ԣϸ˲ǽޣҲûѽ𵤳ҶԪӤ
ԳԪӤڵΪһС
û뵽ȴ˿ա
ϸʱ򣬽סҶֱһͷֵ˴ſڴվϸ
켶ͷ켶, ǹȻ켶֮
ϸ˸գŭЦڱصá
ȴ˼ҵͻƿˡ
ǰ, ˿ס˴˵֡
ϸɫ, ˲Ϳ͸˽ͼ, ĥʲô, Ͻɱǹæ
Χ׳˵ʮԪӤп˵˵гԪӤ, ԳһΪǵͣӦֿŶԡ
˭֪׳ϾȻĿط, һʱ޷Ϊ͵ǸСӾ͸ˡ
ǽ𵤳ڵΪ, ȻѾ˽⣬⻯ͬʱһ˱ܲˡ
սپ
ϸһͺȣʮԪӤڲ㾡ȫ
ΪѹһֳԵơ
׳мܲסס֮ڵһֲֻţסҵ֡
ѡŽ
常죡Ҷסֽ˽
Ҷһҧ׳Ϸȥ

˼״
ۡ
ڳ׳ϵ;Уһţ³һѪ
ȴûж֣ƴȫס׳ϵ֡
֮Ϊסһֻ֣޷ʩչҲ
һǣͷͳֵסһֻ֣ʧڴС
ϸ˼ˣọ́˲ʶѸٳɨӡ
ȥ׷˴ɨս
䣬ʮԪӤڱ㳯ɽ׷ȥ
Ϫںɽɽ¡
óʣöͷݸҶһţһͷֻʮʶܷǣߣϺ󡣡
ʣµŴͷȫõҲӳʮ֮⣬Щʿܿ׷
Ҷӹͷתݸ׳ϣǰǿȥҩڣǶϺ󡣡
׳Ҳ֪²ǆµʱ򣬽ӹͷߡ
ʧԭء
һ˲ʮʿΧס
ϸ˼µҪķʦʱЦСõҲǽˣֻҪ켶֮һ·
ˣ
ȻᣬֻҪȷ֮˭
䣬СԸ䣬ʿȥ
һ켶֮һѵԼ
һסͷһǣסҶ˵֡
ʮľͨ˵ԶԪӤڴ˵̼ܽ׷ϡ
ҲָܿŴͷѣҪıһ롣
һ㹻ˡ
㹻׷
ʮŶ׷Ʒһ㣬ʿȥ
һʱ
ã׷ǰϸμĺ˾ûôˡ
ŸȫըĿȫǡ
Ҷ
ϸ˱һͷסһӰ
ʱ֮ǰȥһѾ۷ﻹһˡ
գۼ׷ϽҶϸ˳֮ǰЦݣݵҪô켶֮Ҫôȥ
ʮԪӤ̽·һգ۾˰˸ӻʧȥ˫ۡ
ؼ֪ǰﻹûдͷж׷
ϸŭֱּӰѶһץǸ˴ʣýҶҩڵˣϽ׹ǵƷԪȻɱ
ȾȵˡץʵҶϡ
ûжҶĴûдͷˣʣʮ׷
Ҷһ۾صסǣ׷ɡ
Ȳ˵常Ѿûˣ½ɡ
һָͣգϸˣҿԽ켶֮Ϳûбˣɸһȡ
ԪӤڲöԸһĻС갵аæټʣµĶʮ׷߳ɰտԴҶߡ
ϸȴϵֱӿҶϵһֱֻۣȽҩҶ
ΪϸֿҶϵһֱֻۣŵӲϲ˿Ͻҩ
Ҷֺּޡ
ʧȥ˫ֻۣмʱҩڵƷԪſ׹ǣٵȥӵĸ첲ûˡ
ҶϽҽŵѣǲǿ˶Ϸ򡣡
ϸȴֱӰѽĲϣ˵һ飬ҩȻҸͷ
սҶ֣ûƷԪ֮ǰʦǼƿƷҩһƷԪ
ɭУѾʱ˵֮ڳˡ
ҶҶϣҲ
ΪִҪҲΪιʿΪαϪڡ
졭ý񽻳ҩȾȵ֪ˡҶϴʱﻹס
ЩʿãӲţûһ¡
֮ǰŵһжƭġ
ʱҲûãΨָŮܾˡ
ҶӦҶŭŮҪΪȥ𣿡
ҶԾ򴽲ѱ
״Цһʲôеҩңֲҵ
˵ûиԪҲϻ쵰
ϸû뵽ҶϾȻвˣһŭ֮Ҷһơ
Ҷϵʱأ֪
ʱʣµʿҲ˷ˡ
Ǹһˣǻȥ˵֮ڡ
常Ҷʱɫ䣬еǣȴǰ
ˡ֮ڴŴ϶˵ôһ䣬Ҳȥ
û뵽ֱ֮ץ˻ĵײһš
ѵҪˡ
ϸ˼ҶµĿꡣ
ƷԪȻ˵һնһֻ첲
䣬еʹһʧȥۣȴԾû
Ҷ򴽽ǣס常
һϯԺ᳹ȫ
˫ܳ糣ӣһգۿҲ̲סоӨ䡣
ϸҧгݵ˵һ飬ҩ켶֮Ȼ˭
˵űұۿȥ
һײϸĽڵء
һŽɫͷϿգ֮һЦҿĸڴʴʣҵĹȴӦӦ
УһֻʮҵСŮǰ
СŮñѩˣ۵ӯЦ⡣
ֻջعȣ˽ǰ
ǰˣأ۸ǣһ𣿡ҶıСһСŮ֣ίͰ͵ش
˳üһѹˣ޵¡
һԡ
ʵյСټ˲ţ˭֪СǸӣȻǰôλԪӤڵߡ
Ϊ˲Ϊ΢СǵڻңֻܷԸ˺ӲͷƤԼˡ


65 
ϸ˼״, ŻСѾͷߵ, Ȱٹ£ݹǲˡ
СѾͷҲ֪ʲôȻԪӤڴܡ
ҲֻһԪӤڵѣԪӤڣֻҪؽһ㣬׷ʱʤ㻹ߡ
תתĹȣ£ܶˡ
, ϸһֱ֣ӴΧסΪߵķˡ
ʿȥҶ
״Ͷ㣬κûԪӤڵСڽæ𵤳ΪԪӤͲֵһᡣ
Ʋ, һҶ, 
˵, ֱӷ¡
ѽ˲ɻ
Сӳ, ͷҲصԶɣ׷ʱˡ
ϸǧҲû㵽ﻹС꣬ʧ֮ýҵ˻ᡣ
Զ, ۷
Ҷͷǰúܽ޷롣
֪ΪãҲóȻս, ֻԱ߸ż
۳Ҷ·磬ΧķҲϸ˵Ľ˺, ͻȻһ
ֻŻһУϸ˺ʿȥ
һϲ׳ϵķɱ
쫷һδλɢһδۣסʿǵĹơ
ѵҶǰˡ
䣬ִС꣺С֮ߡ
Ҷͷ˱ŷвסʿˡ
СֱӻΣ棬һֳһŤͷߡ
ϻٲ׷Ҫըˡ
ϸ˺üȻڰа
ߣŪ
ҵڣһף׼ĳȥ
ʱһʹϣϷĽġ
ڣö׷
ϸ˼ƲӶ˲ϣֱתϪڷɣҲûȥĸͬС׷
ǿۣ绹ǲСﰡ
ʿӦ䣬ȱ׷ţӡ
ҶһۣҲ׷ȥ
ԶԶģֻϸ˳߿գпһŴϪܵɽϡ
ʱ裺ǰСġ
ʱķѾŹȳϸ˴ȥ֪ϪϷȻէ֣һεϡ
һײϣʱͷѪֳԭ͡
ķ쳤Хĵسײȥ
ϸ󣺡ãڴ
εϱٴ𣬷Ǳʲôһ㣬ֱ䡣
ϸ˴Цֹеľ޻ء
ǰ
󾪣ڷҪ䵽֮еʱպȻһѷ졣
žȻʹУֵУŷֵԶȥѷ±պϣһйƽ
Ҷһۣλǰû°ɡ
ûµģǰзɽӡ壬ñӡȥˣٰʮ꣬һָͻˡСĵǰưͲȥء
׳ڵϣŽŰϼϷˣŵ󷨲һ㣬ԷʧĻڴҲˣԪӤڶκβãǻǸϽҩڣӳ顣
ͷھεؿҶʿضΪ켶
ΣʿǱôãᶯ֣ϪעǵһΪǹᡭ
ҶϽĻſû˵㻰һ٣
׳СϷ֮ʱȥҶѽڰ
̯ôҶҲǵùֻأϼһѾʳ
Ҷ򴽣ָ˲ת뿪
ʣƬ̣СԾص˱
սı̾һ׳ϣ֮ھͷˡ
׳ϳ˳ӣ֮ڸϡ
һ˻صҩڣһ״ϽóżƷԪ֮ڷ£ͺá
ļƷԪŶǿüƷҩͳĿţһ¾͸ȥš
Ϫ֮٣ҩûƴ֧ԮҲ޹⣬żƷҩͿ˰ɡ
תûʲô󰭣֪ҩڸ˵ҩæֵлȴֻ֣ۿյ
ɫһ㶣סлĻͣߡ
Ҷᣬסұۣ常
ǿЦЦģ常û£µģ常ܻңĲµġ
ô˵۵ȴڻҰܡ
常ҡ
״æ常ȥЪţ֣ҩڣͰﵱԼңϪڵĵӶϱߵɽǸɽͷˡ
ҶɽȥڲѹʱȰڵӣϪҪġ
ЩģԾøȥɽϾʱϪڲڳ߹ȥϱҶĽ
ͬʱС꣺Сˡ
ʲôû˵СԼˡ
ģһῴŵġСҲֵӣر֤
ϣ̾һϪǱѾʿռѾĻͥԶ½ڡš
˵ƣҲǳ衣
ƫƫǻܴȥϸ˲µĻڴסԪӤڴܡ
ֻ콣λչض󣬷ҲѴѶ콣ڣ˵
콣ֻ˾䣺չδųδ
Ҳ֪λڴıչزǼǺųɽһ¡
ǰߣֻܵȡ
Ǻߣ콣ڵĸҲ̫СˣΪһڣǼǳʱ
еǰЭʿʱ򰡡
ĬĬתȥѰһƤ
ƤѰֻʣʮŶ׷ˡ
һƤ洦򵽣һͷôܴǶһЩ
׳ϼ˶ˣŻûѹ֮뿪
ϵܣϵѣҲ̫ûˣƷԪˣôѣ
ҡҡ֮ڵļ뵽ʲôһֱӳ֮ȥ
ȿȿȣ֮ڱһãۿ׳ϡ
ɫһڣýʹ̡
׳æ˶㣺ϵͣ¡
̰֮ͽҳֵܡ֮۷΢һûٶ
׳ϳźӽͣôʶģϷ̰ˣϷװѣһȥˣҪҼʱУСӻ
ʱȷʵš
ˣ׳ҧҧֶһѣöĶˡ
סˣСҲһϯ֮أȻΪεӰֻûпɽɢˡ
֮һ
ʵѾˣ׳ˣʱͲҩķ
ҶҲûˡ
Ҷ𣿡
֮Ȼ˲²⣬ⲻ˵ǣһ䡣
׳ϵͷû£һۡ
֮ڳĬһ˲תȥɽҩڽڣ
Ҫǿʵ
׳ϼͷߣϵܡûлӦ
ЩСᰡҪҿ
һߣȥڵĵӺܿ촫һϢǽػһʿĴѶԶ½ؾ֡
յϢƬ̣һȥ콣ڡ
ͳѵһã콣Ǳɽϳ棬ŵˡ
ûִˡ
죬ɢ
һϢ콣ڵλûκλţԾɱչز
ʱڵĻڴʿ͸֮Զ½ȴһ֪
쳵ȡ֪֪˷Ӧԡ
һ¾ѡһɿεĵǰԶ½պóǱؾװɢ޻ȥ
ֻнޣޣҩ޺ͶޣԶ½ʿ¶ı£֮⻹ޣޣԼžѡһȥԶ½̽̽ʵѰƻڴ֮ߣʲô뷨
ˣɫء
׳СʵϷһ󷨣Ҳ֪һ
ǸϸѾ˽ǷʦݣҲûʲôڵˡ
˭˵ֻн޺͵ޡҩ޺Ͷ޵ģͽ
֪Ҷǽ׷Ƴ׳һ۵Ƕʿ𣿴ڱУֻаķݶ
ȥҶɬɫȻ
ϪѾݣҩڹ͵˺죬ΪϪڵʱ򣬵ʲá
ĬĬվҶԣҡ
ҲȥҲȥСڱﴫӦ
Ҳһ֮ںԥվ
׳һѺӣЩСܲܿһĸܡ
һˣʵ
ϷҲ¡׳۾һգ˳
˲ֹһˣΪϵˣٶһҲû
ηһƴˡ


66 
ĸվ, صͷڴƣһֱڱ, Զ½ԻΪ˴νµӲò롣
˶٣شɳһԪӤڴܣǼڣھͷˡ
Ľǣ˴ǱжһɳˣڸһԪӤڴܴ, ٸһڵӡ
嶨ˣо
ҩϪںͽڹ鸽ҶϪԪӤΪ֮ǽ, 𵤳Ϊ, ˶Ҫ
ҩˡ
ҩڡ
, žһԪӤڴ, ѡضûС
ϸţ˷˼㵡
, ǷԴӣ
һȥԶ½
ҩȺף
˽¶ȣһ˶Ҳðţôˡ
Ըȥ, ⲻҩ
ðյĲ£˭Ըȥ
ҪҲû, У콣ںڶ飬Ӷҩڸûޡ
֮󣬻ԪӤҩڣλҲҩڡ
ȻˣҲ߰
ҩԪӤڴܶûУһѱ˶զ
ô˱㶼ȥ׼ˡ
ҹ罥𣬾
ϪеӶסҩɽϣҶҲȥǱߡ
һվڶ⣬ңɽķûСڣ˶ûˡ
ʶб
ֻһòݣζܣ㲻ˡ
𽥴ˣǹڣԡ
ɽϣҶվһһ̧ͷҹգϪɽķǵļҡ
ϪӦϪɽǹССɽ
常ǲͬȥġ
̾Ϣһ׻ûס˵ﻰ
Զ½̫δ֪δ֪ζգҶиǺãϪѾ𶯵ˡ
Ҷּᶨ常ȥҲȥ
ҪȥѰ֮常ϪڵӻϪɽ
ϣڱϣԴС
Ƕ˶ֻ˵һ䣺Īǿ󡣡
ٶĻȻ˵ڣϣҶѰֻ֮Ըƽ
ԽԽ󣬴˵ۣ
Ҷ򴽽ǣû˵ʲô
С꿴⸱Ī
ѹϪһ԰Ϫɽġ
Ҷ̧ıӰƽҲѹ
գӣһм˻ϱװɭָȥ
ɭ֣֧һͷͺӵҲ̫˰ɡ
콣ڵıɽ˵ɶ˶ˣ˾߰ɡ
һˡ
ڵųϽϺƤ͵󾫣˶ࡣ
ҲֻһڵĽڵӡ
ɫˣͷԼĶ飬Ҷ֮ں׳ϣԼˡ
ԭǲǳˣû뵽ԩͷ
˼ҲǰԼģٸһԪӤڴܣٳһڵӡ
ЩľͰٱ׼
žҩʵڣࡣ
ǱߣɽѾѹΪ߽ɭ֣ת۾ûӰӡ
ڵĽϳףһ䣺֣รɡ
ȥһй¶٣ܾͻزˣ֪˵ȻԽԽãȻ
ɻͷʵȻҲһˣ׳Ϻͽȥ
ĬĬߵҶ࣬Լ̬ȡ
׳ӵĳ嶯˵ע£źӣҧϷƫҪȥʿߡ
ʱ򷴻ھ̫ˣҧҲӲͷƤϰ
߽ɭ֣ĿһƬдУ·̤㣬ֿյ
֪˶ãŲһͣʶǰǸûˣǸϽȥ
ԣ뿴Ҷ
һ㶣Ƕӳ⼸಻ĶҶǼ˼
ĺֶŮˣǾͲƽˡ
Ҷ·ɡ
һ㶣ǶӳǴ·ģ·ĶСǽ
ˣȻֶŮҲ޷
ĵȰȰԼСǰ棬˴·
ܿ죬Ǿ뿪ɭ֣һС
ΡĸǽֵȺʱΪ߳һС
ԥƬ̣סһڵʿЦǺǵСѣҪȥѽôɫҴҵģ
ݿʵɨһװ磬߰ɢޣֲûյϢһȥү·
üëһᣬⱩƢëͷСӸ˭үأ
ɫԣȳô㻹붯ֲɣҿǺϻڵӡ
˻һʱΧ˵ߡ
æЦ˵Цˣ룬롣
ߺɫεҲ̫ûòˣڱڷӦ죬죬һƽϡ
ĬĬ˸ۣҶ
׳Ϻ֮ҲʶؿҶ
С齨γɵĬҶһҶû⣬һ취
Ҷɫƽĸзųʶ̽ȲҪ˴򽻵ñͬ
Ҷ˵ǡ׳ͷ
֮ڰ

Ƕӳ
ܵԼΪӳϱðһ
˱һ
΢飬ɰͰ͵˵öԣȥɡ
ЩǣÿֶŮˣȻȻǵúú˵˵
һȺСȻ£ǵ졣
˼ûб뷨ͷǸԳǺϻڵӵ׷ȥ
ͷҲصˣ°ͣϽȥ
ϻٲĸ˵ļƣҲǸҵġ
ӳģҲ̫ˡ
һ˸Ǹſڣķųʶ̽ʿʲô
أвڼ˵ʶǣ˳ʶȥȺ￴ӵˡ
ԷҲǣջʶ׷ƿߣװʶ
Ҷɨ۽ˣתһȥ
Ҫ˸ż䣬ϷŲŵʱԶ½ؾվͻ򿪣ʱǱɢ޵ݻȥ
ʱһֻļ򣬷Цеʲôʲôȸ˵ԸǾС
ϴ󣬵϶˰ɡ
Ҷ΢ͷá
ֿ׳Լ֮ˣŵȺúЩؾ֪ǼǲҪɢ¡
šһͷ
ӵķ
ԣ϶ˣ
ҲҪ̫ɢ뽭һͷһ𡣡
һ٣ҶΣ
뷭ۣһ֮Ƕӳ̫ˡ
뷨ܺãͬˡ
ЦЦǺǣʱ֪ˡ
û
ֻǸûӵĶӳɶ̫ˣҶңֻİ
뵽پ˼·̫ˣĪһӳĸоء
һ˵ȴûôۡ
էԶ½СģʿȾ˯


67 
һ, һԶ½ؾ⡣
̽Ϣ˴ؾһһСڡ
Ҷ, ֻŸɫŵӷε߶
ڡάľȻǶʮУԪӤڣڡ
Ҷ΢תȥӦöһЩŵӣǸСڡ
ͷǶӺУִС˵׳ϣǰǲǷޣ
Ӧǵģû뵽㻹֪ޣ׳ۺ, 
Զ½Żǰٻްɱ½ڣջһϻڣзޡ
ֲ˼ɳʮλԪӤڴء
ֵЦЦӶѡ
׳ϵЦͣͣȻ˾䣺պԲ֮ҹ, Щ, Ҫ֮ʱ, ϷΪǻ
һ, ¶
׳ƿߣƲϰɡ
Сỹָһ, ϵϴҶҩͻƣҲԲ֮ҹ
ҶյĻҲӡ֤һЩ
׳ϲɵӣ, ׾Ͳµˡ
ΪҶֻһ֡顱
һְ
ЩزʶؿҶ
ŮɫȻ, üĿ䣬Ƹɽ̶еʹ۾
ɽȴ֪䵭ֹ°İ¹⣬ҲŲΪ֪
һδνĴǣƵϱʱµһ顣
¹˵ĸоǰѵĮ̽˹ѹҲǰġ
ۡ
ǲһڶԼҶ˹
һ
ﴽЦЦ
һ̹ϵģЦݣ·˸С
Ҷ˻񣬲ԾҲ˹
첽£С
˭û˵ȴеʣӶԷ۾˱˴˵
ҶսͷĪмȸԾ
һ˵СڣԵ࣬װʲô඼ɢޡ
Сڵ˴ͳһ·ʽɫɫڣ
װ磬Ǹʹ·װǺϻڵӡ
һЩҶ񣺡Ҫʯܽ룬ÿ򡣡
Բô˲ȴֲĶԺϻڵӶ֡
Ҷ˼ǣֻʯһֻװʮʯĴ䣬ǽġ
׳Ϻ֮Ҳûôʯ
붮˼ȴҡҡͷݵϡ
Ҷ۵׷ɿһĨЦ⣬߽ûʯŴҰɡ
ҶһۣͻȻֶŮûô˳ˣȸ
ʯɡ
ˣʵжʯóǴһա
óһǧʯǵӵȫҵˡ
һ
ţ֮ҲóһǧҲǵӵȫҵ
׳ϺƤֻóһʯŲȫҵСᰡ̫ˡ
Ϸɢޣʹôһʵǲ
ҶĬĬóһһ
ֶ˶ŤͷߣȺô졣
Щ˿϶ʯŲš
治ɫֻʯô죿
ԲЩ֪ʮļҵס
֪ҵ׵Ҷֻвһܽȥڴ˴һ·Сġ
˴ˣ
һʵŵʯҲڱϣҿǽϣͷҪŵĲƲһҪ
ĸһӾǶʮ˿̾һͷЩܻ
˶һͷʯһʲôʱоͲһˡ
ʹطָһʯӽˮӳ
Ǹԩͷࡣ
պʯ㼷ǰ档
ҶͽɴؽʯĿۣؽʯ
ģʯĥĥ󡣡ʯĺϻڵĿ¶ģ
Ƣǽ˶ʮ
׳ϻͷ֮ڵʯҪ˹Цĵλϻڵĵѣʹ˾ܲи㣿
һȺϽȥϻڵʯͷػӻ֡
׳ϱ㼱æ֮˽ȥ
۾ֱֱ
˻һʯ
ʹ֮£ҲһĨЦָָҶͽλѣҸһģܴܲ޷ˣܲһ㡭
ϻڵӶ³һ֣
ǳ鶯£ȭתȥ
̫۸ˣôԴ
϶ǿᣬûͷϡ
ʯӴ
˳СЦڽؾ
һؾҶɫ䣺Ҹܲˡ
ڵΪҲûˡᣬʲôѩϼ˪ᵽˡ
ӦؾеĽơ׳ϻ򶨣ֲؾΪŴһص㡣
ûΪˣʲôƵġ
֮һս⣬Žսǡ
Ⱥ˽⣬ԼΪͣﲻæºˡ
޲ǿߡ
Ҳе㵣ģ׷Ҳƣըɡ
֮£óһŴͷ˲ʧԭء
˿һʧֳ֣׷Ŀ¶졣
Ҷ˿æס֣˴˵ĵطߡ
ܿˣóһͷÿ˷ʮš
̫ˣƣһ㱣ϡ
ͬʱζ׷Ҳƣֶһ㡣
ҶøһЩɫԣҪСķޡ
ȻƣеƵı㲻ֻǡ
׳Ŀ¶ϲСպôͷؼʱ̣ܱ
Ψ֮ɫ˰ǿĲǽޣ޲ؾǿĴڡ
յõͷΪ˱ĵƣˬСķޣߡ
˵գǰ档
סҶ֣ݳȥһ׷
ŷ
С˵һ䣬ֵݸ׳Ϻ֮ڸһš
һʮŶ׷ֻʣš
ûյ׷ķ֪Ҷ׵ıΪ׷
ҲóС֪֮ĵϸ
ⰮɪӣҪ׷β졣
Ϊ˵͵£Ǹˡ
ĬĬķ֪Լûлȡ˵ΣСӵһԱ㣬˿ԾΪӳְ
ǰ̽·
ǰд򶷣ȥ֡
򶷵ɢޣûеƵĽޡ
һ˽ǿѸɱ괢ܣԳֽˣɱ˶ᱦ
Ҷɿ֮ڣʦܣаƷ
֮ûֱִ׷ȥ
عͷǳէͶǲǲס
ʲô֪û˷ָϽסһȡһЩϢסҶڣ׳ϱӹ
˲սôãܴһЩҶ˼
Ž͵Ƕ֪޵ĵǴʲôʽб޻
ҶЦͷǴ⡣
̧ͷ죬žһͿǶӳһģԵƵġ


68 
ʱ, ǰ洫
֮ڿǸɢޣ߻
˸ǰ, ֱӰһ̣Ʒˡ
ɢޱף·ҲãͱһŸɲݶţ˫˫Ŷ
һɢĬĬ֮Ĵָ壺
֮һƽȴ⣬޻ǿġ
Ҷ״, ɨܣˣҸƧĵط
Ǳ߲Զиɽָ֮Ϸ׷ɢ޵ʱƳһɽ
䣬ͷߣȥ̽·
׳æϡ
Ҷͽһ, Ҳϡ
ں֮, ͷ
ɢ޶һ, ǰһֱ֮ڿ
ɢĵ׺޺, ðĺݽɫֱˡ
ʱһ˱ҵ֮˵Ǹɽ
ؾûΪ, ʶŲͣڶڣת
֮ڰ, ڰ㿴ˣ׳, ȥɨɨ
˵ʲôΣյĻΣղſ˵ĵ
Ҫ¸ҡ
ϰϰؾľȴʢģ֦Ҷï
Ŀ߽֮ɽһֻͷ߳
֮ʶԼʩָһŷӦûΪҲʹˡ
һϵһ߳˵涼ɨɾˣûΣա
̫ˣϴ衭
ɽ￴ԾЩңѾ֮ڴԴɨһ飬ݵһ
Ҷʾ֮ڸɢɿڡ
Ӳݱקȥɢ˼žÿǻЩ
λѣҪʲô˵ֻҪУʲôǣ鰡
ɢ޺Ǹ̰ģȴҲǸʶʱĴˡ
ؾգ˼乲жţΪ׵ĸŴŽˡҶ˼Ƭ̣˿ڡ
ɢæؾֻʮգڹƿպˣʮ֮Żٴδ򿪣˼ŴССʮףϻаϴ󣬸һǧˣɢ޳ʮ
ϾڲýСշѸߣɢҡ
ȻôʣĸѵԶ½ʿ½Ǳ߻İɣ
ɢһӾͲµࡣ
Ҳ˸ˣʵֱӣǲ˰
λѣֻҪһ·ԺСľǵĹҧ˭Ҿҧ˭
ɢģҶ֪ǲµǵˡ
սʵڵĵӶʲôʽ
ɢһתƶɫģûɫ
Բ˵ʵʵ˵ûˡ
Ѿûˡ
ΪǰʻŮޣһƬȻѾ͸Ļԡ
һɢ̼Ͷ
ҶɫȻɱ˶ᱦ֮޹Ҳû˵滰
û˵һ滰Ȼˡ
ǰ˵Ӧò٣桭ڵӾԲǴɫҶ򶴿ڴɫء
Զ½мʮţΪ׵ţԺϻΪ׵аޡ
ң
ȻҲĬϻؾСƵΪ
ǽô죿̲סѯʡ
ҶԾɿŶ⣺ȳȥӦ䡣
׳Ϸ˷ɢ޵ĴûʲôöһЩͭʯֻмʮöΪ˽ؾɱ˶ᱦѼҵ׶ȥˡ
˵䣬İǼʮöʯ
ʵֻӳҲʤεġ
߳ڣҶܵľɫ΢΢ü
ܾﲻԾ˵ɲԾԴԺδ
˻䣬Żůڵģ֡׳ϴ˴֣Ծع˹
Ҷ֪ﲻԾˡ
²ԣŻգȴ˶
Ǵӽؾɽٳǰ󲻵ʱȴ·ֱ׹¡
ؾʱת粻һ
Ǵ֮壬ܲʲô⣬ܿ仯
Ż־ȻۿɼٶѸٿݻƣտʼƮ¶ëѩ
硣
˸˻ͷҲ̫ˣؾǲơ
ҶҲ䣬ԥһ£׳ɽߡ
ûΪʧȥ壬͵ķ׳ܲסٱͶ١
ңҲҪأʱɽݵ㡣
׳Ͼ˫޳ɣæɽܺ
˰ɢ޵ʬ棬ϸɨһɽЩݲһ¶ڡ
һ룬û߶ãѩѾûϥǣѩȴûͣ˼ҪǮ
С궶˶ûֻܳ˻⽣춳ɱˣȥҪסˡ
˵ţǰͳӰ
˶һۣ˲ûӦС꣬Ķ㵽
Ӱ߽ɫĵŮӳǰ
ʦ㣬ôҵʲôԵģǸݵСӷΪǡСŮޱŽߣ
ûΪٹȵҲʧȥЧãЩƽŵ߱ӭ˾ΥļС
ճ̵ŮͷСŹԣһ̣ʱٿ죬պܿͻȥʦų֮ӣĪҪƽϣûȥٱѡ
СŵŮߺߵض˶ţû˵ʲô
«Ŀһݣˣ˭
˽˵ĽӡӡѾһ㱡ѩȻܿ˸ո߹ˡ
˳Žӡʮļô
˶һۣĬȻ
ǶôæڽӡˣҪûΪ޷ʩչҲѡ
Ҷסȥ֮ڣǣŽ˳
λĪҪţֻѰʳǡþ˴
ԷҲŮӣ«֣һ½ҶķΣĵɢޣֻ𣿡
ҶͷҲ֪˶ԷݣɫɫΪĵۣǺϻڵӡ
λ޴ţȥǺϻЪһ«òˣһһ£λʦܺ/ɫӣ˼
ǰ˶ȥʹҲʳʦҲġ
Ҷ״ԥһ£ܵˣǵĳڵţˡ
˵գŽߡ
«΢תݸСһɫĸȥ
ֻҪ֪˵λãͷٴǡ
ؾﶼûΪҲ޷ųʶ̽ŵӸ
ǰƺҲûзǣͷһ¡
ҶĬĬ֣߬óһŴͷٵǰ
յİʾ˵ͷ
һ˲˱ʧѩֻص֮ǰĴ󣬺֮ڻϡ
û°ɣҿҲȥǱˡ֮һֱԭصȴҪؾ޷ʹôѶĽҶҲˣ͸ȥˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ²ӦкϻڵڴˣСЩ˳ҲЩԵİɡ
룬ѩټǻǰ߰ɡ
㲻ױǼˡ
ԣǰ档ҶӦһ
ҵ󡣡֮ڵ
Զм䣬˾żǰߡ
Ƭ̺Ҷһȣפ㲻
ʲô˶һֻҰڳѩ棬Ծߡ
׷


69 
û, ҲὣֻܿҶ֮ܳӰ, һȥ׷ֻ

뵽ʲôͷһӣʧԭء
ڶ·ļض˵׷
顣
һײֻ˸ߵļһڣ͵ѩϣ鴤±û˶
һվĽֱţԭֻպײ˽ϡ
ؽԼĽ, ü⡣
дͷľҲû׼ֻ
Ȼ׷ɶʱ
ѻȥԺ󣬸̾һֻʼ
һȥûС֮Ž, תֻʼλȥ, һֻпеڶֻ
Ϊͷ, ԾԾԵҲ
ҶŽֻײȥļ, ĪúЦ䴽첽ˡ
صŵλ, ͼ֮ѾýȥĻѩ¶סһСƬݴԡ
ϧǲûзеĵڶֻʼ
Ҷͷ, Сý˲ݴԣ
ʱ, 
۾һȻм̫ˡ
Ҷļ˵ز˾Ȼȥ
˱㻻һ·ԶһЩɽȥ
ϾϻŮ·ǣ˵˻ûߣִ鷳
ɽֱĴɨһ飬֮ǰࡣ
׳ڵϣͷæµʲô
ˣ׳ϵʱľһ۾Ϳ˽ŵʲô
ץһֻ
΢΢ҡͷһֻʼ
䣬ɨһۻͷʹľķǣ
׳ϴ˴֣ɥǶûӣľȡء
һٲֶĥˣӶûš
Ҳľйץʲôûã˻𡣡
֮һŽ
ûлܲܳİɡ
мһ뵽ǳ˶ˡ
Ҳɵˣô˴ղһ
Ҳǣ˼Ҳģҹ飬ÿҪûӵ
ӵǣԴӰᵽ¶ݳ޵ҹ飬ҲѻӶˡ
ʱҶı۷¶ɫߵ˶⡣
С껯ΣԼĴóһӣ㣬𣬱˸Ȱ
˵գָϽص˽
С֮ǰ̶õսڰɱ֣ǱҪñ˷֡
ҶŻӻص
׳ϲɴϲҶѣǵľǡ
Ҷô˵лӣΪԲļˡ
С귭˸ۣĵǾǣÿԿᣬŻӡ
Ҷ˵˾䣺һλġ
ô˵׳Ϻͽ֮˲ͶˣԭСֲ꣬óȥһ˾лˡ
ûʲôԣ۾ŽļӧЪë
̫ˣֱģˡ
ִļ϶㡣
ŷȥëĹ֮ĬĬý˸ʯݸҶ󼦵ɡ
׳һмϵܣɣżһ
СһͬˣֱӷԵҪԿȣʵڲнлҲԱΟhҲС
Ȼúö
׳ֱ̺ӣˣζûУٲϿȺܶˡ
ԽԽˣؾʱתҲ̫ˡ
˵Ӧúܹܿȥ۳Ŵѩ¸ͣûдļơ
֮ڿҶͽ񣬼ĬĬ˿ʯͷʼ
ؼʱ̣Ȼǽ޿ס
С껹ȡһ£Ѿص˶ڣֻñ͡
ɣôŪѾԤһֻȡ
Ŵõķʼ߽ЦȥŪһɾѩռ
֮Ѿʯ͵ص˵ͷŶ˾Ҫ˵¡
׳ΪȻϷһȥˣ䡣
ż֣׳ϿŻѣ֮Ūѩ˸Էֹȷ
ȥţڵĹ
Ҷ̧ıӰһۣ˹ȥ
ŲƮĶëѩǵѩҪһڶҪˡ
ԣؾʱתͬѰҶպܳȻ֮ǰתٶȣӦǴˡ
ĿһƬããҶɫ
Ķղһ죬˵ʳȡůҲΪ⡣
һŮӣĪָ΢һסֵĳ嶯
Ҷ𣿡
Ҷɫпɡ
ЦЦǣ˫֣Ǵ֮壬һҲ䡣
ԣҰůůְɡ
Ҷƫͷȥůסָ⣬һ˿ůڵ¶ȡ
Ĭһ˲л
΢΢һЦû£ϵ˵Ҳˣæʲô
Ҷյϣﴽû
׽Ĵǣһ٣Ȼ
һͷѩһ̧۶ŵͷˣƮѩִվ
гѩƮҲ
زã·˼ֻˣ񵭣
ιůůҿ춳ˡ
С궶˶ſڴĻ档
ͻȻŵýһͣû
ҶԣĬĬ鿪һֻ֣óıݸ
ĵ̾һɷ羰Сꡣ
ɿһֻҶ֣һ¡
˵գű߽ɽԣѽһŤͷߡ
ûɫС껹￾ɡ
ŽȥҴңһѽȥ˶ڡ
˱һۣⲻıô
УôоѽһڽһҶСʲôϷ
ܴ
׳ϰѱŲŲʡһٿĳֻСꡣ
۶ڣѽ¡
ԣܰʲô¡
һԵ֮ȴˣ۶ڴˣĵȷʵͦµġ
ڣǣҶ֣û˰ˡ
Ҷ䴽һЦնԷ֣۵ײǺ
ĿһԺðһʫȻͨһˣ˼ɫ糾١
ѩɫ糾ǰȻһЦ
ֻֿһһ޹ڶߣǹѩһҶ
ţҶ̧Ц
һţûӾͽ˳׳˵֮Բ֮ҹ㻹𡣡
һڣü
ԭ˵ţҪ˵ʲôأ
ĵһƬãȻǰˣûץǷɿӹĵ׵ͷ
ҶߵЦɫƽպˣǻȥɡ
䣬֣תɽ
Ӱְ̧ĿڴԭվƬֱָ̣Ȼʧ߽ȥ
һɽŵһ㡣
ڵĹͣðֻʼѾȥԭӣƤƣɫס


70 
ΧŻѵֱضһ, Ρ
⼦ܳ𣿡
Ҷ, Ժ
࿪ѯʵķ׳ϣ֮ʵսͣŲôûϢʳڡ
УҶȻС֮ף˶ʶԸ
Ҷͷʱֿ죬ЦΪӳǾȿˡ
˵žͲýһֻȣŴҧ˿ڼ, ˹ȥ̵ͷ
㣡
׳϶һֻȣһֵϷ󣬾͡
ҪһֻȡһĻ, Ҷ治ɫһֻ⡣
ӦС, Сṩ˻, Ĵ󹦳
׳Ϻһ, ýȥᡣ
־ֻʣͷˣûϲߵѾһֻ
֮ڳȥ˺һֻᣬݸ񣺡ô
ҡҡͷǳ, ҳԼС
˵ţʯ룬, Ҳߡ
ۣôˣ
С̰ɲУҪϰװ
֮żһ, ֻǽץģӦġ
׳Źͷάǣץļʲôن°ɡ
ҶתߵʱˣǼȿ϶ǸСģҶʲôûء
ֻȥѰҶôһֻѾˡ
Ī䣬ͷû
˵˻ɣôʲôʲôһ
һ𣬵صҩڣɽǹԹµ
ɽ⣬Сżȿе㣬æ˳

ŤͷԼȣˣ϶ûķݣ˼һһպһԡ
Ե㶫ɡ˵ݣͻȻӦûпӡ
Ҷעɫתȥ˼֦öҪˣգۼ˫ϸȣһľꡣ
ݸһ˫ӣȳԡ
áӹľʱĪЩȸԾҶĿӣ˶ûء
һ˲ͼСӣҶ֣㣬һ˫ӣٰܲʢٴ⣬ûԱ
Ҷͷѿӵ˳ȥһʯ룬Žɽȥʢ
ʵС꣬ʱüˡ
㵹ǲ⡣
Ҫ˿ҪһҶʯ룬ûء
С°һǣҼʲôüģ
һ̣ԺסˣҶԡ
ڽ
Լ̲żȣܹ˵㿿ס
޺ҧһڼСǸɫͿȾҶʲôʱҵˡ
²ۼ䣬ͼҶˡ
Сӹ󣬸ϽݸҶ԰ɣҪˡ
Ҷͷӹ롣
꼦Ȼؽӹ룺ûԱɣȥʢ
Ҷ𻰣ɽ
С괵˼ڣ̾һúȣ㿴ھ˳׷ء
׷󣿡
ţ׷´ʶҲ˵ģĥӦΪµ˼С˹
Ҷһۣתͷڡ
СĶ룬һһ˹
Ҷӹ룬СںԺСĻ׷Ϊµ˼
˼䣬ɨ˽һۡ
۰Ͱ͵ضҶ룬¹ȵúԻˣһƾûķˡ
Ҷ΢٣ؿ˽һۣҪȵ𣿡
ͷȻҪȡ
ȻͼҶʣµİ˹
һ㶣˼ǵҶ꣬ٻȥʢһ롣
ؿҶһۣ΢ЦȺ꣬ȥʢ
Ҷɫ΢ˡ
һֱ룬Ϊ
ӦҶ򴽣治ɫغ꣬ѩˮϴһ飬Űѿݹȥ
ӹ룬æȥ
ߵǰȴĹ
һ룬ûˣ֪ղžͲϹˡ
׳һȭһţʯͷҷɡ
ʣһˣҺȡ
һأҺȡ
̾̾ھͺܺڣʱصղţһӹҶʣµͺȡ
ºˣ죬һûš
֮ڼ״һѹֻа롣
׳Ϻһߵϵ㲻
Сôѧϰء
Ҳ£Ѿһˡ
֮ͷҲ̧ҶʦҪ롣
׳һӻعζˣ˻и̰ԵС꣬Ҳ֪Ҷ˭ûϡ
ۺתͷôܸСأһûС
ţЦǺǿ񣺡˳ȥȰɣϷţ˭ҺƤ

ͷҲ̫˰ɣУ˵˭Ƥء
һţͼͷ֮ڱŽվ׳Ҳһ¡
ʲôڷƵġ
һǶӳֻȥ뼦ѣ
ʲôղŸ׳ˣ
һ𣿽ҩڵӣԼ˾Ͱˣ׳ֲҩڵˣƾʲôá
֮ڲΪǽץסġ
׳ϰǻҶѵȼġ
ɫһڣëǱڰεء
ףйͷвľңûһʼĸɾ
ֿΪ˰ŵˣĬĬع
ǺȰɣұˡ
˶һۣ֮ȥ׳ɨһۣûж֡
ѻأע󣬲Ϊںȵȡ
ʱҶҲ˻ۻڶŹķѵѩˮȶ˲ãСĳθ
ȿȿȡڳθС㱻ͷǺס
ۿϧط¹ˣֶŮ˵ˣʣһھͲˡ
ҪʣһͷͲľңǺ
ҶˣѩͣˣûлůڻЩʱ䣬ҽٳȥʲô֣ǾΣ
һؾڲŸյ硣
˶ûһ˳ȥ׳ɽ
߳ɽ֮黻̽ϻڵˡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷƽʵȥ̽̽ϻڵĵףǳҪЩʿϣǺϻҲǱţһζĶ㲢ǰ취
εǱƻһΪ֪֪ˡ
Էûж⣬ͿԶ̽һЩϢԷ⣬һв
еͷͬ
Ҷ㿴֮ڣԣʦںţҺͽװɢȥ
֮ڲĵǧСģʲôԣʱкһ
һǵӣЦЦдͷ
Σգֱ֣ûΪؾͷֱ̫ˡ
ҶףҲðȥϻڵԭдͷζŲõİȫ⡣
ú֮ԶԶں棬ܿҶӰӾС
ֻص֮ǰײϻӵ·ϣüӡѩסˡ
¾ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷǰ֮ǰǴǸģȹȥҲҲ޷


71 
ѩ, 
ǵƺ
ųǰļӡ˸ո߹ѩ, ҶһѭŽӡǰ
ѩܺʱҲ磬컹ţûз˼
߹ƬӣһƬأмһʱĴľЩªܴԼжʮš
ʲôˣ
ϻڵĵһ˿, æִ䱸
æЦλѣҹڵĳʦСŹġ
֮ǰϻڵһʦ㣬һСš
«Сţǵһ¡
һϻڵһĨɫ߽ľ
ªľһƾ͵΢, ŷá
ĵ, һطһ, Ǻϻһó췿ӵĶûС
ܿ, «͸˳ǽҶһĨʹ, ֮ǰСžͲᱻǸ/
ҶҲڴų«, «ЩԾһ, ۾Ҳġ
Ǹհ˰ƣոտ޹һ
«߽ʦ£֮ǰĺ⣬ȥŷֳԭ˰Ҳûҵˣ߿óȻͶ֪Ųţ
Ҷó˴򽻵ʱͰһԴǵˣġýӽӡ
ҲǱɫˡ
«ǵ⣬۵׵ʹһ֣ȸҹɡ
ƾŮ޵ɫȻµģ֮߾ˡ
ľڣɢһֵζ
һۻм䣬ڿҶĳ۾һɫҲ˼֡
λ˵ƣƣǺϻų϶ӡ
ƸߵݣڽҶ֮شﰵһ̫ʱˣŸһֶ˴죬š
˶Լˣ֮Ҳؼһʱ
۾Ʊ¶εսҶʦ㣬лݵѵƣҶ˸мѾãʵܲסƣ¡
治Һȡ
һӵϣûΪֱӱô졣
ĺ˵ЦЦûǿǡ
ʵΪҲܣ˾θ͸ˣЩãԵĶŪ
ﻰҶǧ⣬ǺϻڵţȥҳԵġ
˵Ըȥǿž˵˼䣬ƤͿʼ´ܡ
ֶֻ裬պķôʵۻˡ
лݵѿȥűá
Ҷһۣų«ߡ
״ͷһľͷ˯
Ǹʲô«ͷһֱԼˣɫĮ۵ƺһЩ
ϸţ«۵׵Ƿߺޡ
ӻǳģˡ
һ棬޽
̵ȥҳԵ𣬲һ𣿡
«˵ĽɨһֱĬҶЦЦһǸ
ߵľ治ԶͿѩһˣһദףɫҰܣѾûϢˡ
ͳ«һȥѰʳǸŮСš
йһ֮ԵŮԭʻ鶯Ů˿ֻưܣֻе㡣
ͷ·£Щܡ
«ûпڣĬĬСŵʬԶ
һϪߣСţýʼڿӡ
ֱ𽥷ʹһ˵ϣ˵Сŵʬ
ȭó«ŵĹ
ҶҲ
ѩ˶ãǿӱ˶á
ڣ«޹ˣ۱ڳӣִֿˣ۵ӿߺޣȴҲűʹ
󣬷ߺ޵ȥֻ౯ʹ
߰ɣû˸ŸϽߣȻ͸Сһ³
վûжСŹΪλᡭ
«ͷһľķݵǸ/ûҵԵģ͡͡ǿߣ϶Ƕֵġ
ʱСſŽҶǰʧ֪˷ޣҲ֪ԷǷǣֻηء
֮ȴ𱸰²
«۵׵óѵЦͻȻͶˣΪֻСųȥҳԵģԭ/ͶС˼
ΪţڹԼƲ
ؾ¶˲ڰצӡ
ҵʳҲᱻ𱸣ˣǰ²ϾôϻڵӣٳԵġ
ƲҸɣҸСŰˡ
ɺû翴ȲСš
ټҶʱ򣬳«Ǻ޵ģƵΪѺתƵϡ
Ϊʲôһʼ˵Сžӹһ١
ǿ޹һ˰ԼСţֺ޲ˡ
˸Сһһ棬Ͷϻڣһ޹޹ıǸ/ϡ
«һˣǷްɣ֮ǰӦ˴ͷһ¾Ͳˣ֮ǰܲһŴͷ
ҪȥǸ/ƴһҪɱǸ/ΪСű
һ㶣Ҷ
Ҷҡͷ˵ߵĵһ仰Ųܱ𡣡
ǰĳ«ȻǴ־
«ЦһţǶʲôʱű˻ܡ
˿̡
ûüС¶СĺǻСŵǵȴֻܿСűϵڵء
«ЩңԼʱһƴ˹ȥȻؿСűǸ///̣ģĻġ
ôСű𰡡
Ҫ
ƴһȥСţСһڻȪ·ϻįġ
СŰ
«ٴʧʹޣҶûй鴦
һҶһۡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
«ѣǰ㱨𡣡
«ЦһûõģһʮϻڵӣųϻǸ/ʹƴҲûʤ㣬߰ɣҴͷˡ
ʤ㣬ǰ㱨һæʱҶĳ«ļ۵г
«Ҷƽ֪ΪЩˣ˵ŰɣţܰСű
ܰʲôæ
³֪֮ˣǲ˺㡣Ҷŵ
«ֱֱҶ૵СűʲôС
ûбܵˣų˽ǰȴʲôʲôˡ
ҲãͿȥСˡ
ڴ˴ҡҶ˾ϣȥ򲻿ŵĺϻڵӴ̽Ϣų«Ŵ˿һıĳ«
ƣǵ/ЩΪŰĺϻڵӣ̫ˡ
ãء
Ҷ̧ۿ񣬶ұãȥȥ
˵ͷá
Ҷдͷһ׷
Ҷתľȥ
ȥʱƸո
Ҷѣλáôûһ𣿡
Ҷһ˲ﴽЦЦɫҲݵѣҶһڣᰭµġ
һЦƿֱۡ
ЦһЦƱѩڣ
Ҷʲô¾ܷԸһ㡣


72 
Ҷ, ЦøЩɨľˡ
, ûǵˣȥɡ
ӣϷԸҪǼ˴粽ңΪİȫ룬ˡѴ
ͷĻϾܾ
ҲԪӤڴܣӦƵĸףԲ˳¡
ƵɫʱѿһЩȻΪ, ⼸Ҳ̫ûɫˣ֮ǰǡ
ǸСſʱ⼸˾ֻת˸ȥ
ȻҲ̼ͦģôľܾ
⼸ﶼԪӤڴ, ֻķԸ, 
ûа취, ֻǿҶʲôֱ˵, Ƕˡ
Ҷԥһ£ЩˣܵݵС˵𣿡
Ȼԣ
æ, ڻ߽Ҷʱһʿɶֹٲ͹ȥ
ͷĻŲһ, ûǰһֱ׷Ҷ, ʱһһ
ҶɫɵЦЦƽǰߵߵʱһֻֿץסƵļ
һֻ׷
Ӧ˱ʧǰ
űǺ¡һ쳹ʣľΪԲģԲϰױըһӡ
ľĺϻڵӣʮһûӵ
ΪףοֻûΪͨˡ
׷ִɱֻ·һ
СϪߣͳ«ſľǱͻȻ̹һ˲ͿҶץƵļǰ
̵ѣҸˣԱˡ
һΣҶһôľȨ«
«һƣ۾ͨ죬ʹֺޣ޲ûǲУ̫ˡ
ľķһۣǱߵĳ̻δɢ
״һغߵҼҶ㹦˶죬֮ˣ
׷ɲǻģ˭Ǿ˭
«ûн磬Ҳ֪ûţִ߽ȥƣһȥ˫ŵĽŽ
Ƹձѣҽһۻȥ
«ʹ˼֣ſҶҰʲôæ
ֻ㼸⣬ϣʵش𡣡
«ͷãʰɡ
ҶһһҲõҪϢ
Զ½ŵжʮţɳʮӣټɢޣһһǧˡ
аǽΪԪӤΪΪ֮׵ڵӺܺñϣŷвǺɫ
ϻڳΪ׵һʮ⣬һ֧ʮ˵Ķȥһ
ĩˣ«Ҷذ˰ݣлΪСű𣬽֮£Ҳ˵ȥģλѱء
ҪСţСҪúĥ/Сű
۵ڵϵƣֿǰѣﲻζ
Ҷʲôû˵ͽ뿪˴˴
û߶ԶͿ֮ڡ
֮ԭһͷͳ˹Ҷû£һϻڵһû¶档
û¾ͺãǸҪҪ
ΪԼ˸ĨĶ
Ҷҡҡͷȥɣ·ҵԵġ
ԶһЩʣ𣿡
ҶҲ֪
š
ȷ
ۿһ̣ǶԳ«޷Ӳĳ
һʹʧĿˣ˭֡
ѰһץֻʼۿɫѾǲŻصɽ
ë
ë
ķ׳ſڣһһֻȥ˶⡣
Сû㣬ǲȼ˺òãûûζģǿһֻһֻлô
Ҷ黹ЩأԱ˵ͷ
֮ڱóԼ彣ɣȥûйӡ
źԶԶһĨɫ֪ǲҰ
˰Ѳ񣬿Ҷˣ̫಻ƽ£Ѿˡ
ҶþóĬţһֱŻѡ
ĵ̾һҲ˵ʲô
°ƺƽʵɹ
ЩණûãûͿԲ֪һ֪ˣȴֵƽЩ࣬ⲻ˻ͷء
˼䣬׳Ŵõķʼˡ
Сӣһֻųԣһֻл
Ȼͬ⣺⣬ڻл
ٹ֮ǰ˭Լϡأлó
ﻹаҩݵƤٺһٺòˡ
׳ƳһۿʼķԾ𿾼ΣԼ彣
ѵ֮˵Ľͳɡ
׳ûлԼĽѼһ˻ϡ
ż֮ڵĽٺһЦãϷȥڸéӣطɶ㣬㿴ŵ㼦𿾺ˡ
䣬֮ڵ彣˳ȥ
ͷñƤðͣһƬɫʱ֮ڲſֻˡ
ûҵʲôҰ֮ǰĨɫֻһʱ˰Ҳûʲô֡
춼ˣһȥҡһ䣬˷
֮һƳϵĽԼģһɨʵҵĽأ
һƮû
ղ׳˵Ľȥéӣֹš
֮ڲȥҶҶüŻѣ֪ʲô
˶죬ŤͷϺ͵ķ
ҵĽ𣿡
һߺͣһڻصŶĽͷȥéˡ
֮ڣ
أҪ
׳ҲˣϵܣϷĽմͰϴϴ
֮ҧӹϰߵﱧѽʲôһ٣ѽŵߵĵϡ
Ҫ
׳ϻ֪ԼΪһѽ֮˴Žð͵ĿҲ˲ֱ̣˺˸
ϷȳûС
۵Ŀڣ׳۾óԣԡ
ڰѼ꣬ɨˣ΢΢
ʲôϷûģٳȷһ¡
׳˵žȥȣһѽָǰ
֮óˣҿˣҿԷųˡ
Ҫ͵Լȣ̡
׳ڨڨջ֣СʲôףΪ˵ĳθԼһû죬ǲʶġ
ʱҲѽлˣСĲѣֻʼŽȥټһЩ񣬾ֻųˡ
ȻˣǱ֣ȸ㡣
ЦеݸҶһֻȣȻ治ɫİһֻȷԼ
׳Ͽֱۣ϶ٹ˽
бһۣʲôֶŮСӵϴ϶һһȣ쾭塣
һ˸󼦳ᣬָԼ˺¼Ŵ󷽵ʣµļһһ룬ھԹƽ
׳һ߷ߣӵĹƽֻʣһˣⶼûڣȫǹͷ
һһֻ⣺ϷʹˣڲãлļҪһֻ
ʲôأԶ²ס졣һ䣬۵ڱصãֶֻŮġ
ţͼҶżȥ˶⡣
֮ڡ׳ϣ˲ɶӣ뵽һҶǰѼȥСˡ


73 
ĬĬջ, Եͷ⡣
һڣ̧ͷлļ, ҽֻҶ
˵꣬׳Ϻ֮һۣ۾գһ¡
ʲôãȻһ˲ʲô
׳Ͽգʾ¾úЦЩ˰
ˣӳ֮
һͷϷͬ⣬ҶǶӳ, һֱ汼Ϳ๦ߣַӣӦˡ
ܲҶŰɣٲ, ⼦Ҳóȥ
֮ھ͸, ֱ³֣ͬ⡣
Ҷһ, ĽﻹСꡣ
ͻȻɾ, ãˣӳ
е, ϾðΣʳôõϢ
ʲôûš
ԣë, Ρ
㲻ʲôͣΪһ֮, ðë۹ͣ˵ȥ̫ûˡ
ĥһ£˵Ѿˣǲ绻˼·
ֶŮΪֺϰֹȫ֣϶õġ
ʱ򣬼Ȼġ
˼ǳлýǡ
ѿһŨҵζʱӿ˳
˲ԾĶӣ̫ˡ
ֱ̿ˮ̣ſҶЦǺǵһ·ˣֻȶ㡣
ֶŮѾһˣ϶˼ٳ϶ġ
ļȣͼһֻ˹
ʶһɣʢżȾƿˡ
ƿˣ
ͲҶ˵һߡ
ɵˣˣ
˸˰ɣ
Ҷûˣֻ̰ԵСꡣ
⣬ҶֵݸСһֻȣų˽ĵһڼ⡣
󣬽֪ʱ˹ԼյõĽл//ŵҶ
Ҷһ٣̧ۿ
æЦҳԱˣԡ
¹һæǰæģͳһһֻȣô
Ҷ򴽣Ѽ˻ȥҷСѾˡ
֪Ҳųһһᣬ绹û
ǶˣҳԣҲֱСְѼ˹ȥͷͿС
˷СͱˣȥģĽ
θڴԱԶء
ɫһ̲סһססƽϲֵġ
̰Եĺˡ
Ҷ⵽Ƶı飬һЦȥԶһ㣬ҵԵġ
ˣҲûԱ
֪ΪΣĪûгԱȴԼļø
ҶЦˣҲЦãʱһ𡣡
С꼦ᣬǻЦĵѵһûתů˼ô˯㲻Ļᶳ
ò˵˵ص㡣
Ǵ֮壬䣬˾Ͳһˡ
¶˵ˣڻ磬ûޱ滹ʹġ
ҹȷʵеѰ
ûãҽһϢ׼ЪϢˡ
ֱ֮һɣϾ͸˼ۡ
׳ĵ׸̾һ˻󣬿
Ƕһһ·ֱײ£Űһ¡
ֽСë̺óʾҶ̰˯
ҹ˯ɡ
ҡӦôһҶ˯ˡ
ûΪȥôһ죬ȷʵˡ
˲泯ŻѵҶϡ
ӳ£ǹ߳䵭Եøͣ׶üɡ
һߣ׳ϼ˼
׳СټϷҪˡ
ⲻ𣬽Ŷˣһ
˵˭Ƶġ
Ǳ׳ϵˣҲˣҶüͷӣ£̺ӡ
һֱעĽϻһ˿ԥۣƿ̺ӣӵס˻͸ˡ
Ҷһ
ȣҰůšС˵˾䣬֣˱
Ҷһ£塣
һů¯ָҲţܵԴԴϵ⡣
ů
⺮ҹ᲻ƿ
˽ĻҶһľܿи˯ȥ
ԣС꿴ӵһˣɷ˸ۡ
ë̺׷Ű׺̰˼ëŷɵ̺ӡ
ԼһûţǷˡ
СĬĬŻŲһЩʵ̫ˣоȰࡣ
棬繳ҹɫźɫվۼֱҲȾ죬ɺ˵Ѫ¡
ҹ罥͸ǵò֦ܵͿݲݣһһش
֮ڴ˸£۾ֻȫ䷢Ӳ񱻶һ
˰Ѳ񣬿ˡ
׳ϻ˯ţɫɷ׷ࡣ
Ҷ˯áܺá
˰Σ֮ڿɫüҹҲ̫ˡ
оԼ˯ͦõģôôڡ
ЩԾ
ʱҶҲ˹֪ʲôʱѾţԼ˼˽
һ۾
Ҷ򴽣ŵ𣿡
ɿ첲ЦЦûУҸպ˯ˡ
˶һۣĬطᶯһ⡣
һ棬֮ڱ֪ﲻԾˣǿϣǺɫģھȻŵʱ
ؾڵļǶգλÿʱ䣬ȷʵŵҹʱ
ҶüҸо˯áĸʱ
Ҳǣʱԡ֮ڵ
ѪĲ£̾һǵһμɫ
治С
ҲǵһμҶչأѪ˲֮ףͿ̿ء
ؾҪˡ
붢ʱһһȥȴ񱻶һǵλûκθı䡣
ֻԽԽķ磬ԽԽĿ
Ҷҹգɫࣺȥвǰ
δţʱ·ֹһ㣬ɷ绹ڴ»ڽ
һֱȥûΪ˭Ųؾ򿪵һ죬˭ʮ֮
֮ڴҴҽз׳ϳ
һھͶ°ͣһһŵô
𣿡ۣŵ
׳򵱼óףһռ
˱㶼Ҵһ¡
ڣ׳ףɫؾдԵͬʱҲŴգ˼ؾֹͣʱתСƺʲôڲһУϷ㲻Ǹʲô
ʱ侲ֹؾСһ˫ɺۿ
޴ۿ·аôȴûӡ
˶ʱɫȻͷ𶯡
ʱԺһ
ˣޣŵͬϢ
վʶС˵Լķ֡
ɻʲôܲٿʱ䣬Ϊʲôʱ侲ֹ
üͷһ𣺡ֻ֪ܸܵͬԹأԹ
ֲܸܵͬΪ񼶵ޣ뿴ƶԷĵϸѡ
ȻͬΪ飬޵ͱֲ̫̫࣬ӦԷ
걿Ļ׳ϣǰûʲôܲٿʱ䡣


74 
ޣޣû, ޣϷʹҲ㲻, 룬һҡ׳ϾӴóһ飬ͷ񷭡
ҶһۣóҹҲ뷭ĶС
һͷıˡ
𡣡ݣȷ
׳ϲ֪ʱַ飬Ŀʲô, Ҳûжϡ
״ͷص޺ƿʱӡ
ʱ鱾סһ룬Ҷ, ͷһ𿴡
úܽ, ޱߵ鷢ڷн
˴˵ĺ
߱ǰ˵Ĳ, ϵûȤ
Ѫ, ´ǳɫ¹⣬ƴϼҹɫԵ, λá
ӦҶƫͷ
棬һ˫峺λõҹɫ˽ȥ, ٶˡ
ֱֱ۾֮, ʶظԼĻԣӦ
Ҷһ٣ƿߣҲ˳ɿ
ˡ
֣ĪʹĻţʹҡ
еһȻ񣬶ЩΡ
Ȼ¹⿴óˡ
ţҾҲظһ飬ͼԼΡ
ҶŵϱҵѩûлӦīµĶȾһĨ糺졣
Աߣ׳һæù飺˻ޣ٣ҹʱ仯˼Ǻҹǰգܲļ仯ʹ¸棬ˣ
ԭһ˫ն޴ۿû۾޷ۿأʹؾһֱҹ
ô˷ؾ֣֮пΪ
ؾԵԵָ챦
ճֲޣǿ챦֮
ġֲָ֮޽ƽԼԼ
ôҲ˵ؾ﷢˸ճ֪ʲô취ȡ۾
ճֲһ棬ִ֪ƣͯ
ʲô´˺֣º־ˣؼǻûնݳˡ
ⷽؾ˵ؾҲΪʧȥ˫۵ɲŭ
ԹҪؾе߰
׳ϽԼķһһ̲֮ס̾һˣҲ͵ʴף۾Σʮ֮󣬵Ȳؾٴο˸һɥ
һŭرɫȥ˵ؾޣⲻϱҲܰ˻
Ҷ̧ͷѪ£һֵűȻƽ֮
Ҫųȥ常ڵϪڻڵ
УѣһҵϹ۵ҵ۾׳̾̾һ취ѱȵ졣
Ǻͷȥȥ۾
֮ʲô͵ػͷԶ֣ѲǺɫģӸһ
׳۾һæͷûϵ
ָָ֮Ǵ֣ȷҲԲ׼ǲ˵֮ǰǱߵкɫĶʱ̫ԶΪʲôɫҰȥһ£ʲôû֡
֮˲²⣬ҲΪǱߵȻûкɫӣȴѩ߹ĺۼ
ҵһۼмֱײޣҲȷ߷
˵ʧȥ۾ʲôǾͺˡ
֮⻰˶һۣĬƬȥ
ҵ
ɢңΣվôͷܣʱдҡҶһѱݸ
ûȥӣЦЦñҳ֣õģ
˵ţҶһ׷
֮ǰ¹űըϻȺ/ˣҶֻдͷû׷
һֻʣ׷ˡ
ؾʱŹһ죬о뿪ԣӦ˵һ춼ûйȥʱֹͣתˡ
Ҷս׷ŽСģĪҪðա
á
һڽӵʱֱ𳯶ĸѰǴϳ׳ڶ֮Ҷȥм䣬ѡ
÷Ժ󣬽ֱһͷм䣬һ
֮ѡȥΪʶı˵ϲϢ̫ղĵط
Ǳ
ûϥǵĻѩҹСɨܣ˰ȴʲôû֣ѩ
дƬѩͷ£֦ظѩ䡣
ǰߣأŲһ٣̧ͷ
ѹѹӰ֦ϻŰѩ
һӰС𣿡
ѩѾͣˣȻȴôһƬѩѩûκκۼӵı档
Ҳϡ
ﾲĵģûκλӦ
ȴûǰߡ
㲻ܻγˣܳ𣿡
˺࣬ͬΪ챦ֲ׺
ûΪ˵ѳƾ׳ԣճ¶ģģǴƵģԲ׾ͱȥ۾
Ҳ˵ܸܵԹ
ȿһۣһ״˵
Էֻгӣϻͷ취ԷǴ֮أô㲻ز̽ɱ
ǽ˱ֲ챦ǣɰӣ񵽵Ĳ̡
ԣһ˵
ˣҿԡӦһһóٵСݱıسѩϡ
ǲͬϢͷҴһ
ҹһ
˭ҵͬҲƭ𣿡
ʶؿ
˵ͷȥɡ
Լͨ˲˵˼
˱ģѩԽԽߣʧԭأѭϡ
ǰʲôģ󣬱һȥ
ݲˣҶ໥˸һĿڵģ
վԺͬ࣬Ƕ챦飬㲻Ҫ¡
ĵҪµӦŶԡ
ǰǽСͨ죬һ۳
˵Ѫˮۿֻն
˺Ǳý۾ȥ
Ϣȷʵͬ࣬뿪࣬ǻ˺ġ
ĵЩᣬǼõģ˴ûܹȫƾҰҰ
һƬҶӣŵͷ
һʶ㡣
£Ҳкûҵ˾ͺܺã˺ģǻᾡһ۾ġᣬ¾ǰͬࡣ
ȴţѣ඼ƭӣȸҵ۾
ճܵ˴ؾȥ
ܿͱ˷ˣǻһ۵Ск˵ҪѣóԵҩ裬ģ˯
գգصƤͼСкŽ۾
㣬ȴãŭȴ
˫ۣΪʹָжѡ
һȫ۾ȸ˵˵۾ʲôˣ𣿡ᣬֳ⡣


75 
ɫƽ, Ѿ˾ϡ
ܵͬ࣬һӦǳ, ûжٵ⣬ǿ־壬־ࡣ
˵ƣʹԹҲûж֪ôȥֻƾڷйԼԹʹرɫ
˺һЩĬ, ͬϢ
Ҳ࣬㣬۾һСк
Լһһʧȥ۾֮ӽƬ, ֪ôȥԼ۾
ʧȥ۾ʹͿ־Ѿĵ, ȥࡣ
ʲôҲ, ʲô, ôججεһֱڡ
˲ԣ˵رɫʱֹͣ, ±䶼Ϊ
Ҳ֪Һ£Ҫҵ۾ҡͷ, ԹʵʣŸͣ˵Ĵѩ, ҹɫŨˡ
ͻȻı仯ýʲô
ؾ֮ʱ仯ޣԹ֮£Ӱʱ䡣
֮ԹһС
֮ͨæżͱһҵʶҲ˺ģҴȥ۾
һеԭԴһ˫ȥ۾ҵ۾֮һӭж⡣
ûлӦ
״̹ϵС£㲻൫ǿңҲҵˣΪʵҲǵİͬ࣬ˣ㲻žϸӦһ£ӦһԪı塣
ˣһ£űǣܵ˽ԪȻûȷʵˡ
ĲˣԲԲģһûʱе񡣡ȷһ֮ķи
̬˳࣬뽭ʶ
Ԫ̬ڣԺܿӦһС
ſòԭֻһ۳ɫԲԲӣСŮеɰͷ϶ֻðһСǽǡ
е㣬ţȳȵһСŮ
˿˼ƫƫܿҵԪ񣬻ܿҵı壿
һֱǸнˣеʲôԲԲģֻͷɣ
԰
ҵı峤ʲôӣ
ĵ׽ţĬĬǧǳ棬ǧǳ桭
һԣӦ˵һԲԲĸһɫһǺɫġ
ܵϸһĵƣôԼıʲô֪Ҳ̫ˣǴޣı
һ
һ£ǳ棬ǵʲô
ûбȳõȥ
˻ͷص⣬ȻҵǾ͸Ͻȥ۾ɡ
óͷһ룬ڲԶѰѩصҶ
üҪҪ߰¹ҵأ
߰ɣ¶˾ġ
Ҷ
һỽõͷѩص̧
߹ȥѹҵˣȱ˵޶⣬ؾ仯ֻҪҵ۾ûˡ
գ۰ʾҶſһǾǰˡ
ʶȻϹˣû
źĽ䱸һԼĻߣǾͲˡ
ҶӭϽŰʾѸٿܡ
ڸ˵
ָָԼĶͷͱһ㡭˵һòãΪʧȥ۾࣬Ǿһ㡣
Ҷһ٣ŽĶͷðһ۾
Ỻͣǰ䵭Īζ
һͣ־Իɢ¹˵̫ˣ֪ûиܵ⣬ĸܵʲôġ
ȥ֮ǻϣ׳ɽ
ûΪ׳ͣϵûսʺء
ҶͷЦ⣺ð
˵ɣƣ˼
˶סˣͻȻˡءʡ
һҲˣ¹ẬЦסˡ
ȥ֮ǰץҰĵطǣǲӴ̫࣬ǵø֮Ҳ˵һ
䣬ʹôͷ뿪
ʵǵķ׳ϣ˿ûҶӦ죬һ˵˲ʵĻֱӰܣǾͰ׷Ѿˡ
ðҶȻӦĿͽʧԭء
һ˲һãȻգɤӣžЩ
ƣҲͦ򵥵ġ
ķӦ֪úܺá
ʱҶ֮ڱһôͷߡ
֮һ㿪ڣŶ
˵һ룬ӲظıɫЩӲ
Ҷ˵˳һЩŵ˳˳
΢飬ʲôʵĸо̫ŤˣëҪˡ
ȥ۾ɣıѽҶǣǣŻ
ߣȥؾĴڸ˵ﱻ۾Ծﴽ˶ࡣ
ǰ¹ģڶ
Ҷһ£֮ڣʦܣԷһ㻹ǲڰںɺã
֮ɫӲػصõѽ
Ż
һ¶䣬˭Ⱦô˵Ҫˡ
Ҷϴϴ䡣
ǾͳɡҶ·˵һ䡣
Цãߡ
ߣԶԶģ¡
˱㲢ǰ棬֮վԭأֱǼҪʧʱŶ
Ķͣ½Ųϰһ£òѽõѽ
ⲻͦ˳𣬽ʲôӦ
϶³ǿǲеѽ
ǰ档
Ҷһ·ؾĴڣǰ״˲ɵˡ
ȫˣ߰˰١
ؾʿˣڴײߵģЩ겻
˼ףòŮޣɢޣղɾһ¡
һǰкλҲȥ𣬿Ǵؾģ·Ͽзʲôʳ
Եģ
һ׷䣬۾޲óڽҶϣڶһ
̫ȱԵˣֶȶˡ
ʶûҵ۾ˣҶ㵣ػΡ
¶һƵЦݣҲȥһ·ûҵʲôʳλѿгԵģ
̬ͣȹ˳ǸоЩ֡
ͱ˲ĸо
һûԵģһӦǲţģһǧ˸һֲɣиɶģԼĹͷȺͷ˸ˡ
ҸضŰɣһֱؾҲ֪ɶʱ򿪣
Ҷߵţ۵ĲǺɫơ
ڵˣ
뵽һ㣬ҶЦЦǰڵĴܰɣǶ˶һֱĽѣ֪ɷڵһ𣿡
ؾжûΪȴƣڱؾǿĴڡ
ҲǴ˴ǱԶ½Ŀꡣ
ڵϪɽϪڵӱƵñҩڣ÷˻ڴ常ôϪڵмҲܻء
ҵˡ
ĵЦһŮ޵ǲ˭մڵĹأ
Ҷųڲ뿪´˳ȥĻᡣ
˿ž񲻴Ҷһ˵ӣ˵ʳ̽һס
оһ΢ЦȻԣλϷڵĵӶǱߡ
۳߰Ů쵽ǱߣƬ̣û
ǶûΪڲһ
ڵ·ϣ˿ڵʹ÷䣬˵ؾΪȴƷ
Ҳ˵ʹûΪҲһȻԶ½ŵϴǲ
ߣ뽭ҶҲͨԭεͷˣ壬ųϡ
˵ڵڵλã峤ϳǽܡλҶѣλǽѣʱǴһ𡣡
ʱõú
Ҷ񣬵лһ㰲վһô¡
Ҷʧȥ۾ܸܵͬ౿޷ֱߣҪԼһ¡ѹСĵ
еѣҪ취̽һϢ
ۼǧˣССʮ飬һȥûпеСк
ҶǳǳһЦͻ֣ҿ
ŵϢҪˡ
߹峤ϣҲӦǹɲǵġ
λѣԴؾзֹʲô峤һͰ缦ѽѽٲҲܳԵġ
ٲԵ㶫ܶ


76 
峤ô, Ҷ״ϸ룬뵽ʲôһ, һ٣촽˶ȴûг¶ɫ
Ҷѿз֣峤УҶʡ
ӦǷֹ˳Ļȴ˵ʲôأ
ѵԼԣԼͲ¶ֹıˡ
Ǿǻԣǹˣ
峤ĥһ, ŵҶʲôֱ˵ҪʲôǣΪף˵һϷӦԵʳ, һݡ
ǴĻ, ԽԽ, з, ԣ̫С
ǰȷʵз֣Щ֡
ôַ峤׷ʡ
ҶЩؿ, ѹǰ֮ǰҰӡֵ, ӡһССĽӡ棬˵ؾǲʲô, ܲͯؾɣУôСĺʲôҰԹԸš
ͷҰ㹻ڵӱһ٣Щ˻ᶯġ
ֻҪľͺðˣڵĵλʵһӦò¡
ͯ峤ϵɫȥУҲȷеıϡ
ĳ
Ҷ˳ſȥһȺűɫ۵ʿϣûпСкӰ
峤ɫ任һ£ȷûпҰӡͯĽӡ
ҰԵͷҰڵӳһٱģٳŸû⡣
ٲô
ǧȷ֪⻰ЩȷʵСӵĽӡһֱҰߡҶ΢ǺҵйСкϢˡ
峤ϵķӦ֪ؾ֪ͯĸţ˳ɾЩɫʿڵš
峤ϳƬ̣߿ˡ
ȥڵˣСкݲ򵥣ڵҲһ㡣
Ҷһ£СкǲǴɫۣ
æʶ
Ск·Ǳɫ𣿡
ɫʲôɫ
һЩһЩ
æͷǣյɫһЩһЩ
۾Ҫҵˣء
õ׼ţҶ˵ͷ
Ҷʾ⣬ͶȺɫ۵ʿϡ
ɨһȦֵջߣҶȴžϲӦþǡ
ֻǣСк²С
Ҷ峤ϺڵǱߣĬƬ̣ϧ˵ʲôҲóȻȥ
ܵõϢͺˡ
һæʱ٣Բݵ̬ȥ˵ʲô𣿡
û⣬ˡ
Ӧһ뿪ʶ
һðƴСݴѩȥڵӽð˸ͷ
ЩûΪֲֲԶѰˡ
Ϊˣէһͨˣûϰ۹·˷
ֻ峤ϷԸЩ׾װһûҵԵģʵ򣬺ߡ
ʵ򱳵ڳ⣬ڿйͷ
ͷҰôǡ
еޣϣڵ˿϶ûһԳֱ꣬ȥʣǰҰһ֡
޴СӵӰȻҲأаñԷ֣㣬𣿡
ô죬ܲһֱŶӰɡ
˵ˣò׵õʳϢôܲȡһء
峤ϲͬϷһʼ֪ΪҪӽ¿ǺӦе㱾£
ǣӻأȻڵʮ꣬ƽʱһţôðսؾԭСܹƻҰ
峤̾Сȴһˣ׹֮óռųͨС
ϣ㵽˵ǻ᲻֪ؾзһУ
⻰˵صˣ峤ϳĬ㵽Щؾ֮ǰȴʾš
˵ʲô˵ͼСϴڡ
췴
ǼҸȥ峤ָ˼ֲĵӣСԸһ
ʲôˣ۷
ˣ֪С۾ʲôˣǸСкڵ嫡
峤ȥ̽ڵĵˣǴǿϷͳˡ
һе⡣
Ҫڣ϶Ҫ˵һ䣺ɿİ֡
С䲻ش˸磬ĸ
еıһ£ҶΪСˣѱսٱůһ㡣
СҭҲ뿴ϷûΪڣܴ̫ˡ
ôսˣҲ̫ûĬˡ
˵棬üϣˣռô⻰أ
˶һۣ뵽ˣ
׳ϣ
׳ϸǳʶʱҲô˵һ㲻ԣ׳û˵Լó׹֮
ѵǲ׹֮
еһӽס
Ҷܵһ㣬ĬĬס֣ôˣ
תҡͷˣ׳׹֮û
һ׹ƶ֣ⲻԭĵﶼǹƳ档
Ӧø׳ûϵ׳һֱɢޣɭǻԵɺʶϪڵĿϡ
֮ǰǣ
ô˵
֪ܲʵǹ㵽ֹԲ˵ԼıǸ
˵ǵֻ߲׳ɡ
뵽ͷһᣬ벻룬
ҶؿһۣΪơ
ϾΪơ
üҲŲơǹơ
ԣˡ
䣬ԶȻ˵ߡ
ҶһۣϷʼˡ
ϣڵĵӲҪʧ˳ҵǸСкҵڵ嫡
ںǱߡ
ʲô˼𣿡ڴͷǸ꣬˿ŭѡ
ʵڵ֪ǲڵˣЦλˣֻǹ߳һΪΣ
͸ֲڵĵ̣㣬ڵ£Ϊ
ֺãƽ
ЦʾˣûǸ˼
ԩ⼸ڵͻȻͳ˹ֻЦ˾䣺ѣ£
ôͳ˴ڵˣ
ؾУҶۼڴˣԾΪ磬ԻΪ
ЩͻȻһ䶼ˣ
ϴˣµӸţɷһ
һʾͬ飺ҿûģ첻ѵһǺǵģҴ򡣡
£ڵһӵϡ
ȭУڵûһϵģ׷ԱǸ⼸λɷס֡
Ҳ̫ˣƣһңϧؾûΪֻзá
ȵһ󣬳ȥͺˡ
뿪ؾ۴ɣǱȻʡ
ȴֻܷ˶¶ˡ
ڵĵûа
˴ñףˬ֣ߡ
ص峤ǰѸոĴ˹ȥϣˡ


77 
СС, ֻаƴСܴ
ΪƳ, ʹûΪȻʹá
ֻǲΪһۿ棬Ҫһá
峤ϽӹȥԷվ㣬ΧһȦ
ûע⵽µѩðĴָСĲҶӡ
ҶԶ۽ǵߣĵűϢ
峤һ־ɫ΢, üͶ
ڵӦõλһ㣬ֻװһЩĵҩ֮⻹һë£֮Ǹ, , , ʵӡʮˮ
ڵעŲͳĸˮ, ۾ֱˣôԵģһ˳ʮİɡ
ǲµû, ڹȻδ֪Ԥϵؾȱʳ
֪ȴûиţͬΪ, 찡
峤ϵ״, ״ʦǽô졣
峤ϳ˼Ƭ̣Ҷķ򣺡ЩԵȷһ֣ôҶٵһڣΪʦ⡣
˵գ㳯Ҷȥ
״Ͻȥ˵һ顣
峤Ѿǰ֪ҶһڵǰҵԵˣҰ
ֹǱߵ˵ݡ
峤ϵͷûǣϾ»Ҫϡ
λСѿԸϷֵܷʳһݡ
ЦЦǰ˵ôϣ
òȥڽɣǾ»ˡ
峤¶һ˿Ц⣺ǿ˵ɡ
£ԻᴦھȻҰôϢֻǰѩڶ֪һ֪һڵĺ
ҶһۣһӦ
峤ϱȥǱߡ
µ˽г
ڵĵһô˵֪߲ƣƫƫϺڣ֮ǰǸͷһٵĵֱ˳
߹峤æ񣺡ųϵĴӣǰ
ʵģκµЩλߣ㲻ȥ
峤ҲϻֱóѾͿյĴЦϷֱ˵ˣеӵĴװŵĴ󲿷ֶǸɣɶϷ˼
һԼĴæ䣬ˡ
ʱͻȻһУǼ٣Ĵ档
ڰϢôϣȺɷô֪ģ
ǵһڣףúŪ
﷢࣬úŪҲúŪ
ǰˣֲδ֪װôⲻҲԵģΪܶգӾͰ˵ĸһʵˡ
װɵ
峤üëһ壬Ϸ򲻸ϻԶһѣλСۿڵš
ǰԣæ峤ϵĻȷʵһЩлֱ˵
ϺҲ̫ˣôƼˣô졣
峤ϵĻϣز˺ܽţƺѻ˵һ
ѵڻʲôͷ£ҰȺɣ
ðȺСӣô桭
һ˼θڲɴЩϷҪ˽ȫÿ˶㴢㣬ܽǡ
һһǰɰҴģˡ
ȥô찡
ƥҲ̫ˣֱʨӴ󿪿ڰ
ԷȻֻˣǴ˶̵˼ţǾͺðˡ
Ҳȫ
峤һۿС˼Ϸֻһѡ񣬸ϽȻֻ·ߡ
ɫһ·
һֱӳ֣ؾȱʳʵٷǵĸϷλǵšҰȺ
ǰǽ·ĸߡ
ٴδ峤ϵĻŭõ֮۵£©ȥǰ֪ˣؾɡ
һҪϢѹȻһûɣǾͰæˣȥ֪ôء
ǶӣԻҵʳ
ֻһ˲䣬ѡ
ͷŵĻǡ
峤ϼ̬ת֮죬˼΢ͷȥŵȥСոҶ
λСѣǽһ˵
ԶһЩ峤ϴſƹɵĽ񣬻дĿҶҶϡ
뵽֮ǰŮ޵Ӧø˳һЩ
Ϸ˵ʵҰӡʲô
峤϶Ҷɫ࣬ڵӵķӦܲԾҰҰȺҲԵôš
ΪҪЩû뵽ô򵥾ͳˡ
ƾֱ峤ϾòԾһ©ʲô
һֱҶ̧õǰҲȷʵֻҰӡһͯĽӡ
ʲô
Щ֣Ҳ֪ǲǿˣʵǶӶʹŵӸǵͯĽӡһֻһӣôôĿӣǽһҶԥ֮ǰùһö׷պÿԳ档
λǰӣӦòʧΪ˸Ͳˡ
ף
峤һ֮ǰؾȷʵһΪ䣬û뵽Ϊڡ
ؾֶΪ챦׽֮챦֮أҪȷһ¡
ǴӸкͯ߳Ľӡ
ҶͷУָһ·ŸˣǱڸˡ
峤ϳһڴǾûˣСû֮£˳ɻõ챦
ֲá
ڴ˴β֪ؾȱʳǰ֪رķλ֪رʲô
رǲϧϢΪ˼Ը⽻и
峤ҧҧתͷȥҺҪǴӦǵı꣬ϷһǻǵǸĶ𣿡
Ҫҵڵ챦
Ҷü룬ҡͷǵˣؾеѩѱ淽λ̫ãֶ벻ˡ
Ҳ벻ˣǵ˸ϳʱ
ôһӣҲˡ
Ҷڵˣ׳챦Ϊ
Ϊ˷ֹ峤ϵõ֪ϢٹӲţŲôһ䡣
ԣǻõģɲͷˡ
ҶԿ˽һۣȻ
һ䲹úܼʱǻĬ
峤Ͽ۽ֿҶٿһڵӵķ
һڵλ
ټ峤Ѿء
п࣬ûˣɷôˡ
峤ƵϷ㣬ǿɻ˸˵ʵڹ챦£ߡ
ǰĶȥˣһˮҲû
ûз챦һ£峤ĵ׳䶨䶨֮ǻŭǷˡ
ڶǳԸɷǽʶ˽Ҷڿܻڹڿضӡ


78 
תߵ峤, Щ£ˣ
, ɷǺ£ߵ̫죬ôӦˡ
谵ĴϣĻҡҷѩͣˣ컹һֱţ¶ûߣ
ڵӶıһ٣϶˸, ﰲࡣ
峤ǰĿ
Լ״ӹСԸ䡣
㲻¶ɫİϢȥ
һĹʮڵӽʣ˻ڴ˶Ӷ뿪
峤ϾͷԸһ£ȫѰڵ, ҵ˺Ҫݾ, ѸٴѶ
ԼͽҶһ, 챦Ҫ, ҰȺҲҪ
¹дŵɫԼԳ,
Ҷ̧ͷһѪ£ǰؾô, ǷֿѰңЩ
֪֮Ƿ񻹸, ȥ˼ʱˣ׳Ҳ֪ʲô
峤ϳƬ̣óŷ˶ͷǲ֪ϷֻҪ˷ʪմһˮͻ˲Ϸߡ
û˵ǣһãǻʾַ˵Ĵ·λ
Ҷͽӹɢһ峤óһָ̣ķ
óһŴͷָķʧԭء
ߣ˽һѼϢɽ
û߽ڣżһŨ㣬Ľζ
ȿȿȣǻˣãпڸˡ
ԭĻִ࣬ôִֵľֻȡ
һý¼Ƭһ߼˵ֶŮ쳢һ㣬ʶ塣
Ҷ۵׻һ˿֪ʵǴӺζ
רע׳Ĩһ죬ӻϷһֱͳȥû뵽ײһֻҰ̣ͽϷһˣʣµⶼ񶴿ڵѩˣԡ
һС̵Σ̲ס̾ǲ֪Са˳Ǹɵ㣬һ´סţѹ򡣡
ϵڱһ׳ϳȥͿС̣ȥ˺͸㶨ˡ
׳һۣԣǰ˸һԳ˵ߣʲôڣ˽𣿡
ȻÿԺСġ
׳һ⻰ȵ㶼䵽ʲôĺˣŴ󲻴󣬿ȥ˵űϸء
ǱȥˣϾʹͷˣʱֻŵù
׳ϳסӣʲô˼ĺôͷλɲܼȰǿҵͬ尡
鷳ڣҪܾȥɡóľ꣬⡣
ڣʿϴ
ܴ˴ؾӰ죬
׳һ⻰ЦһУʲôϷͻȻײ̫ʺϣСǵ£õҲͣ⡣
һʱûпͷԶ۽ǵɨҶһۡ
ҶɲصһͷӦĿǰû⣬׳ϵ·һˣⷬԴҲû쳣ĵط
Űһϸ
ǵĻʶѾˣ¾ͺðˣջȥˡ
ٴȥĻ衣
ɽ棬˳ȥϸéޣ붴Զһ㡣
ٿǰʲô㣬ȣ֮ǰпл
һ֮רְշĻˣӸϽͷɡ
ҶЦЦֻǽʶڵˣĿǰֻ˵ǳһϵǱȥҵƽİ취ҪһЩʱ䡣
һõĿˣֻҪܺһֱõĹϵܴԸ
˵ó峤ϸŴͷǰʶ㣬ûʲô⡣
Ҳửͷ켶ǸǰŲе
׳ϽӹоһȷǵؼĻӦļŷԪӤΪλе֣Ϸôе׷ٷ˼
׷ٷ
Ȼ֮ǰ뿪ʱǸϸù׷ٷ
ҶҲ뵽һ㣬΢ݣвޣǲ˾뿪
ñڵҹһַ׳ϣûΪһ㣬ͣ׻ΪǣǵĴڡ
Ҷ˵ߣʧСĵ㣬֪ﲻʲôæͲȥϺˣΣ˾ôͷﻹЩҩ
˵ʲôھͰѵҩȥһòţЩС᲻ô죿
ĵҩǾƷǼƷһöʹʯôʯ
ҶͷͽҴ뿪
֮ڲ˵Ծ˺棬ԶԶš
֮ǰ˵ʲôҰӡӡĻǱģȻ֪Ǹ嫵ټҲֻĿĵתһת
û߶Զ峤ϸǵĴͷͻȻһһؾڣ
һ䣬ͷ
񿴵þ棺Դ
ҶͷȥӦ䣬ҪʱһҲ޷
˵꣬ŷմմϵѩסѩ˲ڻʪ˷
۳Ҷʧԭأ׼¿ˮĶһ٣մѩʪ
ÿһȻ¿ˮˡ
켶򵥣һУô鷳
һھ峤ߡ
ǰҶ΢΢ͷʾԲ֮ǰ˵Ļ
Ϊ峤ϵģڸСкš
Ȼֻʮ꣬ǷǱѰ峤ϵʣһֶϡ
ôˣδѲ
ʲôҰȺʲôףͲ֪챦Ǿ͸ܳˡ
ֿϾżǧˣͷһ챦ʳϢ˶󣬿϶޶ԡ
Ҷϵ峤æϷҪ֤ݣ֤㲻㣬˵
ָָҶʾ֮ǰһ˵
嫼״ҶóһǳԵĽۣɫ׵ɢޣѻʲôҰȺʲôף޻̸֮
ҶҲڴСкòʣʮͱǣ˫۾ȴӿŲ͵ӣ㣬С
嫼ҶֻһɢޣҲŵʱʱûڣʵ˵ɣ㶼ʲô
ԵһؾռȻ
Ҳܺá
֮Сӽʾã߱񵤡˵ɱĶ
ǵҩ꣬ʣҩޣֻһһҲˣ㹻۾
ֻϧûüնݳˡ
ڣ֮۵ˡ
뵽ȣŮ޲ܿģֻҪûȷ֤ݣҧϣŵؾٴδ򿪾´ˡ
Ҷ˼ãŻڣǲ˽ӡôõ챦
ܣ
嫵һӦǲţŮթ
峤Ҳ뷨֮ǰĲһҶʲôҪôթ嫡
ӦǺߡ
Ҷ㿴񣺡ʵֻ˽ӡۿһеλʦá
ڽʶȻܽϸڡ
Ҷ˼ҪĴ
ӭҶڶԷһ˲䣬õ˴𰸡
˵Ȼûʵ֤嫱һֱװɵǲҪĽ
ҪĽþˮ㡣
Ҷ֮ǰ˵ǷҪʱһҲ޷
һ嫣ҿιʲô㲻ٶȥ˫ۣرɫ轵ѩƮ㣬ҿ˵
ʲô
ŮĿˣ
峤ϴΪ𺳣ԭ챦ָ
Ů˵ôʲôô졣
ĿıŲϿȺ֪ĿĴﵽˡ
ιˣں˸Цһܣ֮ڵ뿪ô࣬־ģע⵽ߡ
˼װ·š
ʲôޣʲôرɫںڵĵʲôҲ
һ˿ڣŵ߹˵ڶʮϰٸ
峤ɫһڣֵص˽һۣȻˡ
ս˫ȭͷðһ㱡Ȼı˿ˡ
ܳϡ
˵ʲôûޡ
峤Ҫʾ⽭Ҫٽ۾˻һرɫ轵˴ѩԲʵԸ׺䶥
峤ϣ
ûŮޣ͵͵챦ˣֶѡ


79 
һ, ˻ȻԿɲ, Ǽٻ׽ٵʱǻᱻġ
ڵһУ֮ۡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôֱ޽۾Ȼô󹦷֮ۿ϶ͬСɡ
еϡΪǧųһǼֱ̫ϡˡ
ǴǷϽ, ɡ
޿մһ֣֮ӡ
֮۶ԼûãǶϡеĺöܹһ֣
û¸, ֪, һ֮ܳ, ȥͳҲ˵
һʱ, ĸ˵۾ϡ
â̱ôɲɿڣû, Ҳ֪Ů˵ʲôҺθɡ
ĻңΪЩʱʱ, ȴת
û˵û, Ϸ¡峤ϿˣȻ嫡
嫲Ųĺģƥ̡
뵽ģҲ뵽ˣ̣ôɡ
˺ˣ峤һһŷ˲磬Ʒһˡ
ƲԳԷƣλԲɡ
˴󾪣ˣؾƷˡ
вʶһ㣬׷׺ˣԼ
ɻЩ˶ͷҲƴһء
峤һöϵʶһ֧״նûȥͬʱУԵڵء
˲һžۼȺ˲ɢȥͶɣһԣھ͵
ЩǱסˡ
ûгڴķչСԸְһʶţʱϱ
ʱһŮͯЦƽѪɫҹԵΪɲ
峤ŷʣ֣
Цˣüϸ˵úã֣С۾ؾҪΪҵĸͶҵҪܲܳŹ꣬ǧꡣ
ͬʱСʱĻϲȥ۾ſһ·ѩһѩͳɡ
ȻȴԼûȫƿأĿʱ仯һ۾ȥĳԹ
űĹŪøЩѩ
ѩ׼һڵӵĴҶӷɿչס˦
Ķ̼䱻˸ɾ
һɺͱӣһˮ¡
ǿɵۣ㱻ŭȥǡ
۾ʱ򻹲𣿡
ھȻĸֲòż˳ͷ²ǱΪˡ
ҹѩ˵˲۾㲻ؾûΪΪƾܳŹǧ𣿡
۾Ȼҵƴˡ
ںڲʣôȫռȥһϣƴˡ
֪˭Ⱥһ䣬˶ʱıܺʹڵǲپڵķ
Ƿֲȡ֮֮ߣɱǧˣƴˡ
һӵϣڵȱΧ׷½أ͵ĻᶼûУ˭ǱΪˣ˭ĸˣڵġ
ЩǲǷˣǸճޣ۾סɹӱӲɡ
Щȷʵˣʳǰ˭ȥЩоһͷԩͷ粫һƴˡ
ɱһƬڵķӸͣ˵£ǧҳһš
УСĶţҶѱ̧ߣＸ䡣
ʱһĲҽ𣺡ҵۡ
嫲ҽһϱ˺鲼Ƭʣ۾Ҳزס
һŽɫâͭ۾ϰգ
˲һͣŲӿУԭ֮ۡ
ǴҶûΪҲɡ
æܸܵԼ۾𣬾ϵİС
Ҹܲҵ۾Ķ
̾һεؿҶ
Ҷ䴽һ԰ָ˿۱͵͵Сȥɣҽ
˿ʱһֻľβ겻֪Ķ˳һԾס۾
ֻǺ곯峤ϵһͷתһԾʧڻѩ
ѩһС꣬㼱æصʶҶһ§סһʧ
ʱһ
˻ع߶峤ϡ
峤æ˼ǱϷʶǾβ
ڵϵͦһ޺޵㶼Ǿβˣװʲôʶ
û˵ֻ꣬Ų̤嫵ʱû
۾
β
ΪƭʧȥǵȺٴα/
峤Ϻܿһ³˸
ᣬʲô˺ݣǺ곤˾βͣôߣǾβʲôЩû۾
ٴλң峤в֪˭˺֣һȭţȥ
Ҷʱս֣峤ߣȡ
Աϣսеı߳ĽڴʱʩչɱһȺˡ
϶ס峤ϵͷһͷʧԭء
Ҷ֣Ҳʹôͷ뿪
֮ǰץʼĵطۣüһЦҶ˵һ֡
㶮ˡ
Ȼָڴ˴ϡ
ӶЦʲôæóһ۶˳/峤ϡ
ҶѣȥɽСꡣ
СȥǸ
Цŵͷĵȴ
һߣС۾֮ٶȣǿñݻ׷
жһɫĲӰӱ֪Ҷû˵СֻҪӾͻ
Сĵ״󶨣۾ܣֱƬӣͣ
Ҷպʹôͷϵ
§׷ŴʲôˣһΪϴˡ
С껯Σ۾˵ݣ㶮ʲô˵Щ˱׷ԶŰȫ
˵䣬ƳʱһƤ
߲ߣ˲˵ģ
ҶѵջԼ۾
ڵǡ
ҵġӹ۾дһ۾ܵٻһ㣬ۿȥ
ʱһƬۣѪµȥشѩڣˡ
۾ˣ۾ˡŤӣϲ
ҶЦЦڿԴؾ𣿡
ҪͷʲôҶԣҪ˽뿪ؾǶˣô죿
Сһ۾һ㿴Ҽôƣ츳ָߣһ۾
޽Ǻ£Ⱥ½ˣҶҲ£Ǹĵĺû顣
Ҷ򴽣ûΣܽǽ
˭֪һҡͷܾУˮҿں𾫣ˮˣΪѹƣ˽


80 
һô˵, СƲƲ죬, ׷ѹ
Ҷĵֻʧһ±ָƽܽһûʧʲô
˼Ƭ̣˼ҪҵʺϽ˲Ըؾ
ؾ֣ûеıҪȥΪףһǿһѰҺʽˡ
ǰһ۾ǵĹ۸пɡ
С, ʱüôǰһ۾ĶˣѲҲʺϽ˾ͲؾˣⲻǶ𣿡
СǷʰ
Сôָĵһ, ɫȻû, ʵһҪ, ʮһ, ؾԶ򿪵ģѾȥˣаܳȥ, ֻҾˣ֪Ҫȼǧٴ
Сָ꣬
ֻβÿ, ǻѹĻ, ܻΪ档
Сûͼɫ⻹࣬ҪǸҶ𱨣Ҳ㿾⴮
¶ҲˣгԵģԵȡ
ӵؿС꣬ҽϾܴؾġ
ֻôⳤúÿӣ˵ôˡ
Թȫ̵Ҷ΢΢ﴽС˼С
ͷҪֻÿľβϲࡣ
СͷԭţҲͬ⣬Ҫޱò绨̫ˡ
ȱóݻ
Ҳߣܻο϶ò绨ģһʱ仯ѩӰºҹ档񶨣ίϸԼ͡
ŲŮ
ֻβӹȻãһСȻޡ
СһתȻʲô֣ҹġ
һһԶһЩ
С۾ʵ㣬˵Լʹҹ棬Բ𣿡
붼ʹȻкѣΪˣʹԼˣ任һСһ
СٺһЦʹԲ춼ܹԲ֮ҹýĸ
Ϊ˽պҶΪ£СߣΪ°ɡ
뵽С꿴ԣҪ͡
͸ͱ֮һ
һӦǲԸ⣬ֻβôֳˡ
Ҫˣ뵽Լһͱƭľֱҡͷ
̫թˣ̫ˣϲ
գһѡӦ
Сʶ
Сһɷнµ㣬Բڵʱûڣ㣬Һ
һȴûһӦ
Сü˸˵أСô£ܲһҡ
ŮС
ã֪ˣôŮСߣҸղŵĻ𣬽ǵҺ
ֱסװŶûֽţͷװ
С꿴ʶͷɫ˱䣺ղŲǿҵİɣ
̧ͷ飺ûƭ㣬ֻڻᣬԺˣ绽궼ڻ£ھͿԸǻָΪ
Ů
С꣺
ԾƭİɣԺ󣬵ȸӡ
ԺҪܷõСߡ
˵˭ᰡ
ˣһֻоβò˫ӱˣ츳ڵȻһС߸ƭˣʲôޣһҲס
Сѣأ㣬ȥҽɣС߸ҽˣ
ҶͷãСԼˡ
СںƣһӢ
֮£ֱӻصˡ
ҶʾⱿԼһͷصߡ
峤ϻûѡ
ûѾˣؾʲôʱ򿪰
ʶϽСΪ͵¡
ҶɫӦѾ˵ԭɣصؾˣǼ˵ΪҲָˡ
һ£ĵ׸̾ѣԭΪСŮڵġ
ΪȻָﰲ١
Ҷ״Сȥ׳ҲָΪȻĵģǷ֡
СأӳѶ
һö׳ϣǰؾѿҺͽȥڼգҸطϵ
һö֮ڣʦܣؾѿûɢУͽȴʱ֧Ԯ
źһУ峤Ҳ˹
һ۾Ϳ˽ҶűʶԼ
һ죬峤ϼ˶ȥæ¡
ԺֺŮʽģ
Ϊλ峤϶˶죬Ҫʽ۵Ļ˶Ůޣʽ۾ͲŮʽˡ
֮µľơ
ɨҶһۣõĻ͵ǰˣʱҶһƴȫҲֻһǱҲڲ֪ʲôѾˣ˵ؾˣǸϽȥɡ
峤Ļһлλȣȥɡ
˵꣬ʶôͷ
˸գɫһȥǰȺ˰ǸɾĻӿԺ
峤һ侲ɫȥ
˵ҲˣʵǶˣΪָˣһҪЩ˺ÿ
ڣǽ塣
ںڵĵӶȻڵϣѾ͸ˡ
峤ϼؾѿɨȫûڣٿһ۳ԼȫڵӣӶ˶
ףһ
ʦʦţ̫ˡ˶һ꣬峤ϵ״ӣ䡣
ʦʦôŮװ
Ժ˵峤Ͻ±һޣʦҶˣˡ
峤۾˱գŭһӺɷʲôޣϽҼ·ϡ
ĨһᣬȥƲƬ·ЩǷˣԼ˵ﶼ˺ˣѹεĸɸɾȻǻڶһ
ƫͷĬĬ󶪳һۡ
ʱ֪ԼʦΪʲôŮװˣûѡ
˵ؾ档
ʮδųڵ˲ࡣ
˭֪ŵգؾͻȻˣ˸ħһһӿ
˺٣϶õģһɫ㲻ˣеŸһ˶û
Ϣһŷؾڡ
ûٳŶʹĲѣЩϢҲʧȥһ˿ҡ
ؾΪûʳϢޱ߰˰ˡ
ų˺޸İζƵϣɱûе¡
˺ںڣôܣ
з˭ùڣǾȡޱˡ
ģڳڵԽԽ٣ֻʣںڡ
ǵȥһȥΪȫʧһŻ棬ǲ
ʱ˳ˡ
˭ڵ˿ϲһ׷ۣ峤ʲôװ磬̫۾ˡ


81 
һ߳, ؾ˲ʧ·ûгֹ
ͬʱҲζ, ûлˡ
ڵؾʧĵطһҰܡ
ôӣһûǼƹ˵Ҳ˽ȥ
©֮۵Ϣˣȫˡ
Ⱥ׳ϼǰȻ߳ŷĵȥ
֮ǰȥڣѰҸûɢС
˵峤Ϻŵ, ԼǽҶȣλûŵĵطԸȥСסգϷҲþһ֮꣬лλȡ
ɢһֱ, մڰ, ó, Сỹͦơ
һԪӤ, һ𵤳ڣ츳׿ˡ
ڲȱ츳׿ˡ
峤ϴ˾д㡣
Ҷæ״Ӧ, Ǵӻսд߻ȥ峤ϣȵľһ䡣
лǰǱ߶ˡ
峤Ťͷһ, Ҫ˰ѽߡ
ôһ, ҪģһҪ顣
ʦżˣдҶΣλϷ۰ɡ
Ҷϣվ
ϣڵӳһֳۣĽҶһֳۣϡ
ĵЦʵʦ֣ؾﶼʲô˵˵£
һ˺ܾʵ£û峤ϺʦͽŮװ
ɫһļԺͷɫƫڵɫʱˡ
һȥٴ
ŲЩ˿Ц
ǹ¶Բܽ
˼ʲʲôĸˣȥ취Żųĵӣһº̫ˡ
û뵽һţľˡ
ѽҶŵһԺҴ뿪ˡ
վڸ̨ϣŴ˴Ŵᡣ
Ҷ˵ˣϢŭޣŭµ˺һղ˵˺ֻ̤峤ʦͽѣʲˡ
·һ·ȥǸһ·ȥҪ⳥ҷߣҪǰٱ
˻һ˲ɶɨ峤ʦͽԭǱ˺·ǱҪȥָ̫˰
ΪڵһԱҲ޹Ⱑ
ĿбӣϷ̣ƤڣҲ
峤һ죬žͰţ˵ôϸʲôҪ
ֻżǵķŭڵŽһЩ˿峤ϵ档
峤ϣһɢȥҽҶˡ
Ѿʹͽܣ˵Լͻȥˣ֪֮£ôֻʽҶˡ
峤Լ㣬֮۱Ȼ˵ˣҪ
֮۰ġ
ҲԸµŵԭɣһҪһЩˣҵ֮۵ټ
ߣ
Ҷֻǰû˵һ䣬һ𷢴
ʵϣһֱڴ̸
׷ٷĽѵʵڻٳķ
ֻҺķ
ҶǳէʲôҪ
񣺡ͬ⣬ҲһֱȥҲ˼ա
Ҷ峤ϵóȻ˹ڣͼ
ͼ
΢㶣ͼʲôͼҶɣ
ĳֲ²⣬ҶδӦۣ֮δؾˣϾ˶۾ȴ֪۾ȥĶ
һô˵
ҶӦɣڻһҪҪ
ʲô£
˽һţѧϰǵ򵥵ķʽʲô
۾һ󣡡
Ƕ˳ݣȥһһҲڱȥˡ
Ҷ΢䣺а취Сأ
˵ţһѶǰ֮ڡ
ϵĵڶɢУɢ󣬵ȷϣкܶ˶ڴļ۸񣬹Ӧ󡣡
Ҷԭļƻʱ˱䣬С꣺÷ˣܴߵĶߣ֮ǰһѻСĵ㡣
СЦŴģѽޣӡ壬ȫޣᱻֵģǬ£֤һ
˵ţ뿪һֱԪ̬ڣȥҲ
Ҷһ̽ǲеģڵҲǽӴйصһУǾ͸׳н
Ҫ죬峤ϿɲǾס˵ͻͿ͡
ʱ峤ϸպ
λѣϷæеҪǸǵл񡣡
峤һ֣Ӵóöʯиʽʮš
ǰˣʵ֮ҶƽܾʯգˣһЩǾͲˡ
峤ϲɵĪҪ˵ֻλЩлϷһҪѯʣǴʱʱΣ
֮۵Ϣ
Ҷҡҡͷʱ̫ˣӦֻ˵ϴ뿪ľͲˡ
峤üɫͰϷҪæʵдܣλѲȻأպپۡ
Ǵ඼ȥˣҲҪȥ̽̽ЩŵĵףǲܵģҲףǾֻͿˡ
ҶһۣʶȤǣʯͷ뿪
ĿԶȥ峤óһָָ̣ʾķЦһ
ɢ޲򵥣һʼ˵ʲôҰȺ嫶ţŵ֮¡
˵ĻԾȰ˷ߣٰмӡ
зųߵ㣬ûҲûϵǺķһЩʱˡ
׷ٷãڵÿһŷ϶׷ٷĺۼǳ˳Ҳɲָɽ
峤϶̣䰵и˵ʱͻȻһ
ŻŻˡ
Żˡ
峤üͷһ壬ڵĲ£ʲôˮ
ϣʹˮˣð
̫аˡ
ǺֻؿžŲΪҽƲŽϨ
ͬһʱ䣬С׷ϽҶصеĲ鶼ˣһ㵽Ų㣬ɨ˸飬С߻еãһһ飬һȥܷӰ죬ȻҵĴװô顣
ӶûʣеĻͨˮ𲻵꣬Ͳͣ
ò
Ҷһ峤ʮŷóֱʹٵѸ뿪˴ϸʶ֣ٻһװ֮ڵɢС
ɢипջ֮ѾϷ
֮ҶСѲһóһųʶ֮
ˣǲ֪ϸüµĴ󡣡ָ֮һϵݣݸҶ
֮Ҷ޹ص鼮гСյֻһЩؼ
ſ񣺡֮ǰ벻׬һʯ
ͷ׬ʯȻ롣
ҶﴽҪһ
͵飬׳нֻһʣǲûϪɽȺʿԮҲ޼ҿɹζ
ѷؼһһ̯ﻭʦȥƤܰ⸽ɢϵƤȫۼס


82 
֮һ, ¶ɫϵʯ࡭ֻһʯ
Զ½һڣɽɢдССʮ, ֶ֪ҪƤԶƤ̯λܶࡣ
ҲͬƤѰƤĶ
˵Ҫʮʯ
ȱʯ
Ҷʶؿ񣬽ȻͷãϾ׬
Ҷ۵׻һ˿Ц⣬֣֮ҡ
ʮʯ, ǽҩá
֮ٽӹԼĴͷʮʯʮʯ
۾ʱһȦ
Ҷɫһ࣬񣬻εС, ֮ڡ
м, ߷һжɶ, ׳ϡ
ǲα, ֻЩ¶һ֪һΣգĳЩʱҲû֪ıҪ
֪صͷ
Ա, ҶСꡢ֮ڱ·ȥƤ»
æ½չ˸ɢϵƤ, 񻭵ֶˡ
Ҳ֪ڵķΪһҪˡ
˼, ҪԻ֮ʹãҲǻģǧš
ؼҪմˮ˼š
ֻ켶Ҫκһɡ
ֲϸһҪ켶֮
ֻһЩͷŶƤȫ׷
켶Ķ׷ܷӳ弶ԪӤڴҲܡ
ʣʮƤử׷
һͨѪɫѾ͸Щ԰׺ƣ
ҶַһСպãһȥɢУ
СԼûʵ㣬ѽҪһ𰡣Ȼﲻ̤ʵ
Ҷ̧棬Զȥ飬ڵЩؼ
ȫȫĸ׳н
ԷΪΪ֮ǵ̡
һŲ㣬ÿ㶼зƣƵӽؼ⴫
²˼ŵƾΪ͵λԷּģѧϰ
ϲؼֻͳǲܽӴĵ
Щؼأ֮Ϊأ
ڽ̣֮ء
һ˶ʱҶĴ㣬ҪԶ½ĵһڸ̳
ˣ
ĿƵضҶ¹û֮δؾֻŮƣҲͿ̿
ҶԶʤˣһĻ塣
ˣʲôѲܻ⡣
ԣ¹ⱾûˣһػĽѡ
ţ۵һƬ
ۿҹˣ֮ʶȤǣϷԼһ䣬Ҷһ䣬ôƽ⡣
ʱû˵˼֮ܣҶ֮ǣǳܼ
಻ܼΨһ޵ܸǰĲ
űƽ֮ϣһ紵ȼ
ų˼еҶƿ۾
СڱһִۣǸһۣȻһͷؾǰ˵պҹԲ֮ҹ
Ѿȥ˼š
ؾ죬ǵ죬Ҳǽ
Сһ𣬸Ҫſѣס
ûᰡûڣȵԲһ鲻ѣٺٺ١
˵ˣôأ
ʱ˵ڣͿԡٺٺ١
ˣЦҺ¡Сʶɪɪֻ겻ȱӣͻȻЦô֣˵ġ
СЦһգһۣ㶮ʲôʵţҰ㣬ˣ㻹˯ɡ
С߲ŸճǸӣЩ滹̫ʶ
ãȻˣһ
С귭˸ֱۣ˸ǿ˯ߣԼǺãֲý±ڡ
ǸСݰ˳ÿضСһǿ˯
ų˯ȥС궢ųһϰˣȻСеɰ
ȳȵġ
͵ػһԴרעǰ飬ô
ôֻ˷һǰ/ϷûУҲ̫չˡ
ҹˣĴƺ¶һǡ
ҹѾ͸ź⣬Ǵ֮壬ƽҲʱ壬ϾĹ⣬ָҪʱ䣬һʲôҪϺˡ
𽥸ܵҶع̧ͿڶԼ
Ծ򴽣𣿡
ûû£˯ɡ
æߣֻǽŲЩңϸ֮£侹Ѻ͸
Ҷֱߵǻʩ˸̧߹ȥ
º󣬽񳤳һ̾û˯һþˡ
Ҷ鲻Ӧǰ˰ɡ
գ
ʲô
գ˵Ѿȥˣ
׳֮ǰ˵Բ֮ҹʲôʱţ֮ҹǲǽ
˼ˣ˸Ҷ䣬Īڴʲô
ߵҶһԵĶʲôˡ
Բ֮ҹ
Ӧ΢Ѿһ˹ȥ
ԭƽɵˣɡ
ϡɫ£
Ҷ
ţ
һĬĬѽԲ֮ҹĻ˻ȥˣҶ㡭ҪҪԲ֮ǰʲôһǰأ
һڣţˡ
ǻδڶѵ״ǰ㡭
Ӱ죬ȻȻ
ҶûŽ񣬲˵ӦҲûоܾ
˾ôţֱС̲ס񣺡ǲɵܾĬϽѽ
ǣÿˣľͷܲеá
ʱӿֻصţܾĬ
ףղ˭˵
͵ԽҶ˴ߵıţţһǳɡ
ϵС꣺
*&*&*ô졣
ӣԼþˣѻ˳̫˰
ٴλصϣһ÷סˣȻĳС꿴ɾ
Ҷ֣ץŽ߬ɡ
֪ڷţͻȻԽʱļҲ͡
ã˲ûע⵽
ôţĵײ֪Ϊλһ˿ʧ䡣
֪Ҷ仯侲ղŵĻ⡣
СĻԶһֻʳ֣𣿡
ԭΪǰ˻ǲӦȴ룬Ҷο˿ڡ
Բ³ˡ
Բ³ˡ
仰ĺʲô񶮡
˽һᣬֱ֣ӵס
ӵ/¡
ΪֱһĿӣŽһǳǳģοı衣
֡
/̵֡
ҶĶ࣬
⡣
Сɻ̧ͷ˿죬ֻ¶ôһߣԲӡ
ãȻգգ۾ǲǿˣˣ
ԣڷڣ˵ǣԲ³ˡ
ǣ
ѵƷˣҲԣԲ²ôܷû˵ǰ
أС뵽ʲô۾ʱԲһʱֹͣת
˶˴ʲô˵¡
Ѳɣ
ѡ


83 

ɭֺһ, Ҳӭӭ˺ҹ,
Ů߽/С¹Ķ䣬/
С¹ƺˣ̵ָģů
ȴ֪Ϊֽţŵرֱӣŵָ/
Ҳڷʧȥƽȡ
Ϊ֮ͬǰ, Σȫţĸš
¹īطϣںһϡ
һգգض, ȾһĨ糺졣
峺, ˵Ĵǽһ, һδβܿص΢⶯, ̵ૡ
ﴽɫһ¡
ﻭ̫ãֻδЪ, ¾ַˡ
ĵװգ뻻һֻ֣ոս˱˿, һ١
С¹֪ʱ۾뻨ԡ
ʱ, δйѣظ֪һС
ƺƿ磬ƽ
ŻԳϺ¡
Ҫƶ˵ʱ̣Ȼͣˡ
С¹۾ؿһۣҹɫв׽һ˿ա
ָ߬߬ͷ΢΢һƫûнҹ
֣֮ѪΪ
С¹֪Ҳ˵Ĺ֣Ҳ֪Ϊ˿ڣ֪˵
ǡ
ˮ֮壬֮Ѫſɷ
С¹ǻɢڳ仹Ϊ
üǲһ̻Ϊ
˱˱۾˵ֲ飬ȫƾ첲ȥŪꡣ
ӯӯˮȪӿǡ
ȻѿȪ˿˿ۣȴӷ
ŵĺ˶䣬С¹Ƶϣ˳¶¡
С¹һƱյӣٷʧյĶԳ֣ʧһ侲ĮȻ
Ƹ߹ıɽ뷭ӿƺȾ۽ǣһĨ졣
ʱС¹סˡ
˲ٶ
/һ𺣣Ļǣʼ/ϣжָ
񣬽񡭡
С¹/ᣬ޵һĹ⣬ɢ
ɫʵҹ
⡣
һ̻ܲɷֵˣһĬȶ
ŨҶֲĶ˫˫ףһͻƵ˺ڡ
ڣǵΪֱ˽𵤺ڣԪӤڡ


84 
ɫ, ˸Ա۾ȹΪ
С, ѣСߣʲôʱܿ
ӦԴˣ͵ʱ򣬹Ҳòˡ
ˣӦ뽭ǰ˫/ޣΪƣΪʲôأ
˰
Сл㱣Լķ־˰Ρ
أԷ, һⱿ꾹Ȼû֮ǰǴɶҲᣬǻǱˡ
ܿ죬ɫˡ
ڵķŴ򿪣֮˹
Ҫ, һѽӵ, С껯, ûɵüϵ, 簡
СӵǴδζͦ硣
֮ڽŲһ٣硣
˱û˻ֻʺһͨѹϵ
, ܿ챻򿪡
Ҷ˶øʶ֣ٻͨ˵·һ
ɽɢ, ŵ·Եĸʽ̯λֱֵĴ·мһվ
С긺, Ҷʯ֮ڸ÷
һ߿һ³¯ڵؼдѵ˼ȵȵã˾û˰
СһɤӺȥʱзӦѾ˹
ؾһ£ŵӶЩ˼κֻһЩ͵˼١
ؾһķ磬ΪڲȶȾø߲¡
ʱͻȻڵķиߵȼĵؼܲ⡣
СΧֱʹһ峤ؾʹ˼һƷһˣۼһǧʯ
֮ϣ峤ʹĻΪһſɴʮˣؼۼһʯ
һһͣΧ۵ȴԥ˼һһǧʯؼһһʯ̫ˡ
ǴҶ⼸ȥ˵ήۡ
⼸˴ڵţ˵²ϣŵ͵͵ܳ׬ʯϾˣ⼸˿϶š
ڵѾעߵһ˹
ԭ׷ٽҶû˶շжǿɢУԲתơ
˹ȻڵŶ۷Ϊųϵ״ӣȻӲ
Ҫһö˼
¶ɫһ˼ϸ۲
Χ۵вϳڵӣǳ״ӣһʱֿˡ
˶һۣ˿ţдͷʵڲоͻط
ңãȱһæġ
֮ⲻڵķٷ
ŵ˼Ҫǿϼû׷ٷĺۼ
Щ˭Ϊܻڸķ
˭ȿһٻñ˵
һ˷׷洢Һû嶯Ȼ򵽼ٷˣ⼸˵ĵҲ̫ˣڵڵĵٷǲҪ
ĬƬ̣ЦˣλѼȻ˵Ǽٷ㲻óͬһȣ۶ϡ
ķǴ֮Ѫʹڵӻķαȵϡ
䵱ɫһ࣬ȭͷգûп
óһȣԷǲȡ
һų״ӣ˵ٷǼٷȽϡ
ЦЦϾ㲻óΪڵķҵķ˵ÿɶԡ
˵
㵹ǱһȰ
˵ֲ´󣬷׷ڵĵѸȣʲô
ǣڵĵѸȡ
Ŀע£ҧ
һⷴӦʱﲻѣѵ⼸ķڵ
⼸˾Ͳڱ
ЦҲ˵ģȻڵĵѵ˲·ҾͽװɣֻãżȻõ˷һĴУмأڷϵֻѧ߳ɣǵı²ʮʮͬķʤࡣ
һ䣬Ҷһֻۣܻؼҵĵؼǿλ֪ζʲôζԺڵˣֻҪҵķ㲻ƴΪǡ
ԣ˼ǧʯһţؼʯһţÿһ̣۸һ
ǿơ
˲䣬˳ҪʮŵؼǶʮʯ
ֲ⼸˲ڱˣڵǿֻƴΪ˵˭Ӯء
ǱѹһͷŵҲʶʲôǶڵĵҲŷ˵ĵ
ǳԽԽ࣬С
Ͼٹһ̣۸ͷˣɵӲŸվſ֣ʱʲôҵҲҪԺͲڵķˡ
ĵ״󾪣æѶʦˣʦ
ǧ֮⣬ڸѰ֮Ϣ峤üͷһ壬׷ɢֳʲôˡ
ʱ̸ĺϻҲյµӵĴѶʮŵؼ˼ڵǿԺǵķˡ
ϻʱĿһҪ֪ؼֻڵλϻửͨʹĶ˼
ţִ仰
ʱվæѶصһҪʯ͵ܻѶٶҪ
峤ϣ¿ҲˣذɣˡԶ͡
峤һϻھȻ̬ȸ˵ŻһЦôգ۾Ӳˡ
ѵĳˣ
峤۷֪ԼİͽѾ
ǲڵؼ伱ô󺰣ȴû˳С
Ϊڸոգۿ֮˲ɢȥ˵ʱ
ҶӴóһ飬λ𼱣ֻͨɢޣԽԷһȤżȻ⴫ҲûʲôãЩǴµķؼ˼еؼȼУʽҲȫڵĻȫ
˶٣ɨһۣ˵У˼ؼһʮʯؼؼһʮʯϹأһӣۼ۷
ǵȻȵһӺ󣬼ʱ޲ǽʡʱ䣬ٶȽзؼһա
ЩҲǵȵһӡ
ȻҶ£˷׷״ѶţϾϵʯ˷ԶԶؼġ
ʱƴٶƴʵˣĸŵʯȵʯ࣬ؼ㻨˭ҡ
̼䣬ɢϿճһȺԪӤڴܣоȻл棬ǳؼ
ڵҲˣͷһ㳲̣±λǰ⼸ؼڶУС󣬵Щؼλһӣ¡
ΪԶ½һڣ˵ͷһء
˶һۣЩؼģҪôıڵǿڵȫҪô͵ڵϳ͵Щ֮ء
ݴѶĵ˵˼ؼϰٱؼؼֻʮȵȵá
Һϻڳʯؼ
ڳʯıؼ
ڳһʯؼһ˼屾
ڳһ򡭡
ҷڳ
˭Ҳûڵ˿ֻ̣һͷˣˮתһڵıҪˡ


85 
۳ûһ, 峤ϻ˽ǰһ, 
Ƕóڵĵλǰ
ƫôŵԪӤܺͻ涼ؼǻ
ؼǣҲס
űΧмĽˣԸ⼸˸ʧȻѲ˸ϵһ
⼸ǳģҲ֪Ĺ, ´˺֣Էһ֣ɱǣʲ¡
˭֪һ䣬ͼ˲ʧԭء
ʱĿֱⷢǡʹ켶
һֱ, ûп, Ǽûнκ, ֱӾʹôͷ뿪, һûС
켶ڶûеĶѵ⼸ĵõνķУ
, ܣķؼڵģֻ˵Է켶
峤ͷһ𣺡Ҵ㣿Ѳ½Ǳߵˣ
ų, ų㣬ǰЩǱ½, ط켶Ϣ֮Ԯ
ΪؾͻȻǻûüԮ
æ񣺡ټ˼̻ڣ򿪻ڴ󣬲
ҪЩ˵˷ؼ˺ڽаı£Źǡ
ǽƣǲܴ⣬ڲܵ
˵ˣзؼ֮ʹôͷ뿪ͬʱѶ׳ϣҵ֮ˡ
ûֱͣɭ֡
֮󣬷ڴҵ֮ˣ
Ҷͷŷ
ֶŮףԲ˵ջ
㼱æѶӵˣڿԻȥˡ
ɽϺڵĽյϢ㶼˾հݷҩڣҲżϻȥ
أ̫ûаȫˡ
ʱ׳ϳźӰԵôڵģôҵ֮ģ˵˵ϣҶѺͽСѶͻƵ˰
ʵǺ氡⼸ôģ
С֮ǰѾص˱֮һ׳ôʣɶҶ
Ҷɫƽǻȥձ㱻Ϳˣ֮ҵ֮ҲżȻɽµɢؼԱ˴ʯһм¼֮ǽ޷ġ
֮΢飬ͷ
޷ģ
Ǽ˵ĴʹȫʯС˸Ǭٱǧʯ
һؼͿԶ½ŵߴ½ִʯδرȵϡ
Ҳͷһôʯ̲ס֣Ҷһ˵Ѿ޷ĸЦ
ЦҪ͵Ҫز¶
׳գһ̾ǣ֪ʲôؾ
˵˹ȻƲɵܷ׻
ҲͬͷСǱĲ˵ȷʵ
׳ϾЪڸĴҲǱߵĶûȥ֣û뵽⼸С᲻ȥˣǴеĿġ
˰ȻҪ¸һЩţ¸Ҿ͹ˣһ֮Ƕӳں˳ᢾͳɡ
Ҷ򴽣ټ⣺ǻذɡ
ϪҲûؼˡ
ĬĬͷһ·ɭ֣ʱĵǺ;岻ͬʱ⳩졣
ʿķڲٴڱλãλˡ
صҩڣϽż׳ȥˣոŰ˳ɶݷҩڣһôԸʿ
Ҫ׼֮Ȼܽȥҩڵһصİ취Ȼֻҩڵ֪
˲ܸȹҩеĵλ
Ҷͽһֳۣ֮΢΢һͷ׳˵ҪȥЪϢһ¡
׳ͷǸúúϢһ£ˡ
ĿȥĵĪʧһ£ܾԼС֮ô£
˻ͷһǴĲۣıٱ֮Ǹçá
׳ϲ֪ǣȻûȴȷʵӵйͬܵĬסһЩ¡
·ϣһ󷽣ĶС
һţС㻯γóö䣺ɭֳҾͰķԸȥ˼䣬һһϽʯ
˵ţʯһ
һǧʯ
ҶҲãǼʯ⻹λĴ䣬ȻҲװôࡣ
֮ڽԼһʯ£óõʯǷݾˣǷ־ͺãҽҶʦһ㡣
ûд䣬ֻʮʯ
Ҷһ㣬Ϊ뵽ϪڵľϪڵʵǽڣҪЩʯΪ
С˳ʯɷнµȻģЩؼСµģһݸҵҲҪˣѪôʣЩһǧٶǷְɡ
׬ˣСߵľģʯȫġ
Լûһ£ʯͱ봢У˯ȥˣꡣ
û飬Ǵһ۹ͣСҲķ֮һ
ʯҶǶ㰲ţЩɣϪڡ֮ҪЩʯ
ֿ֮ڣһ䣬ʮȻ´Σǿɲ˼æˡ
ôʯģ˳ʵѵá
ǲľһĲָ˼ҡ
˼ҽ֣лǵı֡
֮ҡҡͷɾܾǱһӣôЩʯҶɣϪҪ
С״ְѸʯ˳㣬һҲɡ
֮ڸĻУôԵ಻Ƶġ
ʮõʹ죬ֲ
ɿĽá
񣺡һģ裬ԵʯĶӦá
ʯóʱҶڣأǵĺ⣬ˣһǧʯ㹻
һ˶һ룬Ȼʡ
常ϪڣǷˡ
պлᣬ᳥
Ҷ۽ֿС֮ڣ֣عһ񣬲˷Ӧת뿪
˶һۣԳĬƬ̡
ϣϪ˳Ϫɽһвûа׷ѡ
ˣˡС꾪һȱ׷
˸ۣҲһʼıߵģѾȫҶԾˡ
֮̿ЦЦǡ
治֪ʱ˴꣬ſ磬ϣһۡ
Ҷһ·صɽ㿴һӰվɽ۴ſտյ¹ܡ
æ߿켸常ôɡ
̧ͷǵ˫︡һ˿Ц⣺£常ӭӭ㡣
֪Ůˣ֪ϪڵˣҲ֪Ӵ֮Ҫӭһӭ
ӭҶҲϪڵϣ
Ҷͷһ죬ۿ΢΢죬ֲˮˮ
ļ磺Īޣܿˡ
ԭҶһֱǣû뵽ӳˣЦȴԽԽ٣ܱǵÿޱӣð
常ҡǻȥɡҶᣬҵ֮ʯϪһġ


86 
, ǻȥһο۵ײ, ڲ˻ʱ
ϪҪʧȥһû
С׷ʱ򣬿ıһһٲɽߡ
ǱӰįǿ󣬲ƽȣֱͦܳһɽ
صС꿴Ҷ۽ǣ΢΢һ㶣޹ˡ
뿪ҵζӦúܰɣͽҲ뿪˼, ǵļһڣʱԻȥ
ҶպҲعϪɽ
ļұʿˣȺˡ
С뵽⣬æѶûм, Ŀ, 㻭, ǰѼһ
󷽵Ķ, ؼоͿСĴѶ
ֻգҶˡ
վ, ߽Ļֶԭء
ʱȥΣҲǲ԰׵İο
ת, ó飬ְڳƤ, ޹ǣָ
鸴ӣ˵ʲôϰ߾ͺˣһδθȡѪûϰߣԽԽۣе㿹ܡ
ΣΪӣʱƿҲϿҪϰã˵Ѫ
һģϤ뷨ҪָʱСˣʵҵѪҲǴ֮Ѫͣǹ
һ㶣ȷϵ𣿻᲻ʲôӰ죿
ˣǲݣľ飬ûѪ⣬һ㶼۵ģҲûӰ졣γüͷգһ£ֱҶĽһƣѪֱ
ĬĬҧ治ɫ
ȷǲݣԴʶĵľ֣һѪȻۡ
Щ֪ϴ˿ڵ軹δ䣬已̥ƵѪǺ¡
ֲٶȾˣȷʵûʲôӰ죬һ£޹ؽҪ
ԣˣϰɣҵѪء
֪ԼΪλ飬ľ飬ģѪƺҲ顣
Ľ顣
ô˵ʱ˾񣺡ãھϰ
֦Ҷɲز˲ɾشյϡ
룬ֻҪ˿ģôҲûʲôΪҲܿġ
Ÿ磬˱꣬ҹ硣
Ƥһһţҹ𣬽ڴֱ
ˣһˡ
԰Ҷһؼˡ
Ծ̫ˣˡ
ЦóѶϢҶ
ҶһУŻ˻һ¾ͳˣʱԳȥϪɽǰڵʿ
áҶֻһ֣һ˲˱⡣
һСӣÿ˽š
ݹȥ쿴ɹ
ɢ˷ܣвѪ˿ü͸Űҹƣ̬
ôԣôˡ
Ҷӹ䴽ЦЦ£ã˯һɡ
ͻȻתĻý㶣ڵؿ棺ҲŸ˯ѣһȥ
¹ô֪û˯
üоԼͦİ
ҶĬһ£ʿһʱŽնҩڣҪһپʱ
ȡǰʿһ򾡡
֪粢Ǻǵġ
ô춼ȹˣһʱ
ʿ֣־ռϪɽȻϪһҵ£еǰ֪һپһĵ
֪ʲôݺ
غ½
Ϊ¹õͻһʱɱϪɽû뵽Լ̫ˡ
Ҷ䴽ǳЦģһ£ѿڶҪҪһ˯
Ҷɫһ٣ߵЦ⻺ǲ֪ôش
֪ôشô򵥵һ⡣
˵æһǸҲҲû˯ãҲȥϪɽúЪϢһ¡
ҶĬĬ򴽽ǣ¹Ϫڣʱ常ҴΪ档
常ʧȥۣЩġ
ЦЦæԼ˯С
Ҳǣ˼Ұ¹æأû¸ɵԼ
ͷһô֮ͷЩʧ䡣
Щ˵˵һΣеڶ˵ڵȻҶҪæܾ軺һ
֮£ֱתϴװ
ʲôû˵˯ˡ
ⷬģҶĪúЦЦֿɰ
ʱûסĵһһ䡣
䣬
ʱ۾ͷ˵ãѡװ˯ʱȥ
ţˣ¹Ҫ˵㻰
Ҷ˽ıӰһۣЦЦû˵
ȥ·ϣ֪ΪƵƵͷͷһ۽ķһһۣô
콣ĻǱɽϣǽϣںλ
ǿͣΪҩڵҲǴ͵ˡ
ɤӣֱԵȻҶˣҲ˵ϻҩѾѰ֮ʿĴ㲻вһգ͸׽ɡ
һ䣬ɽϱ㾾˾ʲôھ͸֮ҶѧȥźһУ⣬ô졣
һ˭˵̫Ŷ͸˭
ǶǶԼûôĻȫѡϹ¡
ֶŮ˵ʱԳ֡
Ķû˼ж٣ôأ
̫ž¡
˸ۣøɽֱӿڵĽϣ֣һ¸ڳˣʱɡ
Ͽ˱ɽһۣӲѧžһ¶䣺˵Ȱ̸֮ǣðھѧѧ˾ͳ
ʿľǷ֮ȻҪᣬȻԺʿҩڣǲǱҩ
ӣԺڻóҩڵһã
ں콣ڵ̬һȹ֮ٳ˳
ͳ鼸£㱳ȥЩϼһʡ͵ĵơ
Ҳ˺װɵõǷŵÿ
֮ǲܵġ
ڵڵһֳۣĬ棬СžͲˣȽǡ
Ҷ潩֣ɴ֮У֪Ҳǲɡ
ȿȿȣֶŮȻرһ£в͹ˡ
ҶĻ۾գʾСϺȰ
֮ܽȥϪڹҩڣ͵ҩ֮
ҩһֱûеλģ翴콣ڲ˳ˣл῿֮ûȨΪ֮ףȻܴ
Ҷ򴽣ŷ˵ͷ۵ʲô
λҲװɵˣֱ˵ɣ֮ҩǲύģҪǲˣԺʿķҲҩڳ֡
˵ʲôҪȸ콣ڴһܣôɣǻڴܣʿĻ˵ǻ棬ô˼۸ҩأ
ϣȨף˭ż
ƽĶۣɽͷϳҵĲǣҲпԭ
Ҷ˱۾صػصɽ
ΣʱȲ
Ҷҧһ´ǣ常𣿡


87 
û̸£ǲԸ𣿡ɫһ
Ϊغʿ, ½£ڶ, УٴŽ
û뵽
ҶиӣǲԸˣһˡ
ϷһһͬʱĵӿֳһͷǸͷԽԽռԺ
㷽ŵ˼ǣɫһѲŮҪ¾սǿ϶, ԸһӹɽҲԸҶȥ
Ҷ΢常мδʵԶ½, ڡǵһ, ж, ˷Ļ, ȻŹҵϢһϪɽǱ˷, ֮䡣
˽أϴ, һ֮½ľ档
Զ½һ, ʿǿʢССôţмλָҰĲ
ҶԤУʿܿͻͳһߣ½
ԣϡ
ϪҪصϪɽҪָɽţѡȨ;ܾء
Ȼڵ·Сصģ⼸Ϫڵӣѱȫ
콣ڵıɽϡڵĽϣʶԶ½ǿʢǻ벻һ
õ֮ϣǸںԼŵ棬Ǿüʹ֣ҲԱ뷨֮ؼƽϵʧ
һĻҶڵĵ쵼ʧĶ֪࣬õİ취Լ
ҲһˣʲôҶ۵׻һĨ͡
Σмְգʵ
˳ɡ
а˳ɣţΪɣϲðգаҲƴ
û뵽ǰ˳ɣҲԣðյӡ
ҶϪڵķȻһսپ˵ʮҲΪϪɽҲܻᱻըƽɽͷжҪؽ
Զ΢΢Сĵطļҡ
˴Զ½֮У˺ܶƤнŶ׷ԪӤڴҲ޷ܵ׷
Щʿֻʣ¼ԪӤڴܣ˶ǽڡ
һϪڽΪƽء
һġ
ȥɣ常һؽ԰ѣɵĲȥµĲ
Ҷ񣬿Ŀ¶
常常֪ͷı㡣
ģ㲻һǧʯ𣬱˵һϪڣϪҲóտյ¹ܽȥս緢
ϪڿԼҲܰѼҶ
ŮϪڵϪڵϣ
Ҷصͷ常ҵƬ̣ȥȥ
Żԥ˿̿»˿ԥѲڡ
常ҲҪһϪеӶҪ
ҪԼؼ԰ĵ
磬ůķٴα졣
ղһˬشţҶɿɫûأ
¹ⲻ˵
ĿƣҶձϣôˣû̸𣿡
Ҷ촽ԸԸϪɽ
ʾ䣬ȴǳһĪΡ
֪˿϶Ը⡣
붼û͵ͷȻԸ⡣
Ҷ¶һĨЦ⣺񣬴˴ιһǷ࣬ҪϪڣҪҵĵطҶЯϪе౨ǡ
Ҫ׷׷Ҫ
ᱼ֮ǰһδβΣյر
ԣһˡ
ЦЦ˵ּĻǱһӣǵĶӳЩӴλΪģͻƣǲǡ
һˣÿգҶŵѡ˶ٵΪҶ׹
ң²Щͣ˽ҲԸҶġ
Ҷĵ
ҶŽƬ̣ӣþòŵһƣһˣȥ׳Ϻ֮ڣԸԸԸʯлȥһ
Сһ뿪ҩڡ
ıӰЦҡҡͷ
¹ﶼãǸ̫ˣҪʲôʯ꣬ǽƾôദ꣬Ҳ޷ˡ
ҶϷ϶ȥ
岻ݴǡ
ϣ׳Ϻ֮ûκԥӦ
ھͿҶܲҵˡ
Ҷȥִ
Ҷ뷢һ񣿡Ҷĵ΢Σϴҩݵ֮һ
ҶˣִȽ񹤻ᣬźɢ˷ȡ񣬶ִһý顣
֪ʲôʱʼִĵλԽԽԵƳ֧ţûִõĵλ
ҶżɽҪִһԪӤڴܣҪɿҪϣпܻΣգ⣬֪Ρ
̣۵׵ζԶִֻһԪӤڴܣԪӤڡ
Ҫ̣ɢޣҲŵˡ
ЦˣҶƶһȥˣ
Ҷóһ׷ĿƣԸȥһطǿ̸һ׮⡣
ӺֱֱҶ˵һ仰
ԭΪҶֻ븶ʯæû뵽Ůͼ
Ҷָָǰӣ׷һٶöֻҪʦڣպ֮ߣǰɸң
죬Ϊλң
κһŶܾҶΪζѡ
ǰɻֻܱ
Ҷ˵Цˣ֮°ѣ˵ִҲûԱ
Ҷɫ΢:ڲ룬ڵҲô룬ŸԱĵҪǲսѣֻԱָӵ쵼ߡ
ʱֻһ仰£غϪڵĴȴκξ
ڸǰǰҲûʸ
Ҷ̣Ʋȥţִһܺõѡ֮ԣִ̺õ˽⣬Ǹƴһƴ
Ϊִó̫ˣҪһᡣ
ϪڣҪһᡣ
ᣬǰ
̳ĬãһЦסҶ첲ҶȻ̣˻ִýˣҲȺϼһ֪һ£δ˵硣
ʱҩڵڽ
ôһ죬ܻЭڱƴ
װɵ㣬ּƽϵǣȻ֪һѾչ˼ƻ
ٽϪɽµɢĳ
Ҷһһɨˣ侲ŵЯȥ˻ڴ˸һٳףӳɱ
ǵһһ־ʹݾˡ
ôһʿӳһ׳ϡ֮Լ̸סһû⣬ɽֻǽڣʿзٵ
常ұɣǳɣʱΪšҶûй͡
ȻһˣС꣬챦Ϣܽʶ̬ȫϢػٵ


88 
׳Ϻ֪֮СĴ, ҶİŸģҪƱ, Ĵ¡
⼸ûκǣĬĬ²ģˣ˰ɣҲһˡ
ҲĪ㲻þһսˣ˰ڻٵʱҪץס
ûץĻ
ҹ, Ϫɽûʲôˣĵģżһ
һϸţﲻʱŪ̡
֮ǰǸ˹Ϫڵϸ, Ҳڵų, ¡
, ͵һ̾, Զ½˳˳ˮ꣬ѾûгֹԮζˡ
ɹϪɽȴҲʧȥΨһĶӡ
ɽ, ҳϪɽ벽
лڴţʹˡ
ԤĲһ
㲻ʮԪӤڴܣһʮԪӤ, ԭռһϪڣٶһ, û뵽һսʧʮԪӤڡ
ֻʣͷڹһ
вޣе̣ԮϢȥôˣǱ߳˻عһ䣺ؾҵȼա
ȼգȼˣԮô
Щ첻ôŴѶʯ󺣡
ܵ峤Ҳûκλš
ѵųˣ
²²⣬µò롣
ˣĿ󣬴ӷ϶ﴫѶȫҴ
һѶɳɭ֣ڴӪȴֻǿһ±ɢ١
εĹĻ
峤һģˣҲ֪Ǳߵô
û
ڴһȴΪѶ̲סڳˡ
ɫһеǰУ峤ټԪӤڴȥɽһһȥɭ֡
һл֣⻤ڴزסˣڽӡ
ǲ̣Ҳֻܶβˡ
ϪɽϣһѶûеõκλӦɫһɥط
Ű˳ǳˣС£һ˲ϣѲҲ˻ڴѵڵĽô
ɽ£ϸС꼸䣬˱ͷ
ҹˣٽʱ
Ԫһͬһʱ䣬Сһ
ʲôһ£һ綯
˴ٳ룬ȥСȥ֮ڡ
һۣ֮ǽΪ׳ϺԪӤڴܣ߸Ҫ֧Ԯ
ǸӦʲô͵شӴŵĺһ̾ԭǳجΡ
áӦڴˣ
¾岻طųʶҹһ°ɫӰɽͷʮŷʱʶӡ
켶׷ôţɽͷᱻΪƽء
ı˲֪ͨˣһֻ
˲׹
µػһͷתߡ
ߴƿ֮һֱʶزһ㡣
һѳǰ
һ룬ɣѽնԼͷ­
֮ٻس˵ٽϡ
ɫһ䣬תͷһӡ
Сӭţӡ
ãˡ
ͷóһŵؼͷˮһʧԭء
ϪɽϿգҶʶ׷ǵӰ
ϡ
ͷҲصɱأʲô룬䣬ʹ
еһѣαʧȥʶȥ
ٻأٴ̡
һһ£·йֱ͸ˣõĵط
Ҷ򴽣˸֮ǰ׷
죬ԭ̳ɸӵʬ壬̼ҷ
ôˣ
常еӼ̻ڰɡ
Ҷɫƽ۵׵һǴδֹ
̼״ЦϲҶˣִõӲϪڣ
ĸ֣ҧأʲô
Ҷɫұسŵ̽ɷġ
ϴһأ˴ʲôأһһ㣬һһãǡǲ
ҶܾﲻһˣЩİ
һϪػϪɽִҲӴ˲Ϫڡ
ҩڵϣӵմϢһ
ʲôСû棬˼ҿԼϪɽˣ
ֶŮҲ̫ˣ
ӭűɽϺͽϰɵߣЦЦǿװ򶨵С᲻£ҲãͲͷæˡ
ܼ䣬ѶʡˣֱȥϪڡ
һҶʦֶŮ⵽ôһ£ڲȵ𣿡
Сô嶯Ըɲãҩڵĸ˴Ʋܻˡ
Ҷ΢䣬ͲģϪڲˡ
䵭һ£΢΢һ㶣ɫֶŮ֪żҲһհյģˣˣھͲƽˣɲô³ç˰
ҩڵĸ˴ƾָҶˣڻҪһ
ôоԺĸӳһʵأ
治þ
Ҷͷû
һհգһѾȥˣҪȼգˣϪҲȲ
ЦЦ񣺡񰡣֮ҩڵӣȻѾֶŮϪɽھ͸ڻȥɣֶŮҪҪȥҩСסհ
Ҷһ˲ﴽлֻϪڽҪͷΪţ㲻ȥˡ
ŲţæʱӭЦЦתɫʱֶŮǸ˰
ԳСԻͦǲˡ
ĵһ̾ҲеڣøЩϼһʳģǺСľ͹һ˰
ҩڵĸ֮·ʲôʱܿʼ
ڵͷ˵ʲôڵĻЩӣü񣺡°ֶŮ֮һȥɡ
һ㶣Ȼͬ⣬ٺòˣء
ҲɻһҶ
붼ʹӦģ̾һܺӵ׻֪֪Լҩڵĵӡ
һ¶Цݳڿ㣬û¶æʯͷݵש
ϽŬ˹ջҩڰ
ܾ֮ǰĴѾգֶŮùհ㲻÷ѽյϪˡ
뵽⣬̲ס˽һۣŴ֮ˡ
ǻȥúôظҶĹϵɣСɲˣٳףﻹֲִϪڡ
󣬿Ҫƽɫˡ
ŲͣķãȻ˵£Цֵɵģʲô˼
Ҷ򴽣ߵĻԥû˵
ܾĺ⣬ܾ¡
ҶתصϪɽһƬ촷̤Ƕϱڲԫ
ӽҪϪڵ
ϪڵӺܿϵɽͷЦ
ǻˡ
ǻϪɽˡ
ڻؼˡ
ҲϲҶļ̾常ûŴ㣬ԺϪھͽˡ
ҶǳǳһЦ常ģҶС
һԣԵΪˣҲЦ
ҶɨɵֵˣЦһ٣ִջߡ
໰˵ûô˵


89 
Ҷɫ仯, ΢΢һôо¹ֹӡ
ѵʲô˵
Ҷ˵˼, ߵߣ¶ǸҪ̽һִõĵӣȥɽɢҼջңЩѰɺá
˶٣һ䣺ЩҪ˵
ͷãҵ㡣
ѲϪڵӣȷʵ˼ڲ¡
ĿͽɽҶعͷ, 常Ҳл˵
ЦŵͷҶĻ󣬱չء
ϪҶȫȨ
ҲΪϪڵųϣ׳ſϡ
ɫԽԽ, ʱǰĺڰ, ӵȥ, Ҳصƺ, ֻų
ŷؼоĽƫͷ棬ֵͷ顣
Ȿؼ֮ǰһνɭʱǸڰ׹ĺϵġ
˰˳Ҳڵ, ⱾؼҪǽôѷںϡ
ԭûȤһ²ѧϰһЩб޻
Ϊ, Կɿء
óö׷ƾձȻһ, ۵˸ž˵Ĺâ
ö׷Ϊ
ͷһ𣬾뵽ɫ
Ų
ҡ
û
Ҷţǰˡ
һҹû˯
ͷߵ棬
׷պã΢΢Цæˣ
¹ʲôҪ˵أ
ѵǹ֮Ĺϵ
ôţĿ¶ڴĽ
Ҷһʱûпڡ
ĵȷʵ̫˼ݵؽص˱ݹȥȺȿˮ
ǲ¹ĽţĵԵ
ҶյգϪڵˡ
û˿⣬ףصһһϸĺ
ѭ򽥽̵һ±£ţż
ڴȴԽŨ
ҶСˮ׳һ⣺½̫ƽ𣿡
ǿ̫ƽֻʱģŲܾŽ´²
Ȼֻǰ벿Ҳµõһ̵ֱӭһƽ٣ʹͿ̿ͷŮѽ
ʿͼ̲š
ûΪͨ˲һֱ֮£аɴ
ֻܶУ߶ᷢ
⻼֮£ֲŽһ£½Ľ١
Ҷ۵¶һĨ˵ϪΪ֮ףô룿
һɫ㶣ʲô
ôŰ¹̸µģޣ֮Ҳ¡
ϪڳΪ֮ף𣿡
뷨ǲе󵨡
кβɣ
ǰһ°ɫۣü򶨣Ϊīһ͸Ӹ߸𣬱һء
ֵţɣ׵ķš
ôأֻҶ֪˿̵ж죬һֽҰĵĶ
ǰûͷģֻһ常ֻһ¡
Ϫһ٣ڵΪʧڵĸּƽϡ
Ϫ޷ԼʱνǰƤһŵʧʱ
ûںƮҡϪڶôջɽһ̣ǿƮҡҲһ䶨
û⣬Ҷҩڵϣһ仰Ͳò£òţţνĲ֪һհա
Ҳ糣ˡ
ΪǸԼ˵ˣǸϪ˵ˡ
ҶŽӿŴδйҰġ
иֵİ
סͰ¹̸飬¹һҵզ
õĳĬԼ˱衣
Ĳˮýͷʧ䣬̸鰡
ʲô㣿
ҶŽ۾ɫѩף
˵̽㣬ϪڵųϣӽִöϪڵĺ񡭡
Ҷһڲ裬мҲܻصĸоЩؼңȴҪӱ˰ڲ˵ĸо𣿡
ˡ
ָоܲܣҲһˡҶе˵໰¶
ҩĴмģԷǴĵﾴصģġ
Ǵ֪طӦҩϪĿĵģĺҲͼġ
סţһʼʹ׷⡣
ЩԭǽУʱں⣬ʱæᣬһ̵ֲᡣ
ϹȻûԵ޹ʵĺá
мڣڣԷûˡ
ǿ裬ҩϪһϵٺҶġ
¹˵Щ˼ʲôأ
ܲǱþˣ˵ͼʹɡ
΢΢
Ҷþòĵһ̾ҽ֮ԣòף㵱ûЩҩڰɣǷģϪǷǵģлᣬػ౨
˺ܶ࣬˵ĻҲܶ࣬ԽһֱԼĽЩվ˵ڡ
ûлͷα϶ԼϪж֪ͬǰ;Ĵ
ĬĬҶڣҶ޵ĵǳͶƣӻˣ𣿡
ǡҶͷһŽ񣬺ѾԤϵĻ
ĵ𣿡
ᡣ
ﴽһЦҹоһޣԷĵãеôҪҪȥһԣ
ʱҶǱ̨ʣɵӡ
ǳУǳά֮ģҶôʶ˽Ҷ
áҶĿ׷Žһ仰ûжʣĸ߸
Ϫںɽ
ʮö׷гһС󣬶ҶҽҪҪһ󷨵
á
ҶԾֻӦһ֣㽫ŸıԵ֮رֱ׷ȥ
*&*ܹܲһҵСһն䶥ס
أͱըˣС̫ˡ
ʮɢȥ׷ڣ󷨻ڡ
ҶĿƵضŽܴϲεľϲΪ
ݳȥ󷨣׷ʣҶϪڲ´󣬿ɷܻϪҲţ
ɷܻҲ޼ҿɹĸܡ
ɷӴ˽ԼС
⻰һϼ⣬ҫҶĵףϵÿһһ·߸
Žʵ֪Լ˵ʲô
һֵҴǰϪڵӣҩڵӣ޸ƼΪҵټ֪Ĵ㣬Ҹ֪Լ壬֮ʲôĵҵĵ
ĵҵĵ
֮Ҳ֮Ը
ҶΪˣҶҶάҶܻǳƽ٣Ϳ̿
񡭡Ҷ˵Щʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲô
ҶҪƤԽԽãִ֪õУ
ȻеġҶӣ䴽һЦ


90 
Сһ, ҵԼĴڸУͬ뷨ǰ˽ϼһ͸ôһٲ֪øʲô, ȹĸŰ
ţ
˭˵Ҫˡ
û빥š
Ҷһۣͬʱڡ
򡭡Сһ¿˿ǣţô֮ף

С겻⣬ҶĽ͵Ϊ֮ײҵĿģҪǵ鷳ʱΪΪʱϪԼ, ȥ˺κˣǿΪס
ֻ֮ҪϪʵǿ֣ԻѰ, ӻ
ʱ, Ժ, С
ǵڸհǰ˺, ֻΪȫԼϾʱ
ЦЦˡ
ҲŰ¹ԭ֪ҶԲڶ
ʶҶ, Ҷûб䡣
ֻֽҪͷվ˶ѡ
Сһ㶣ȥ𡣡׼һΪҪưء
ûȥټ֧Ԯˡ
ˡ
ҶС, ֿ񣺡ϪѾʰһЩŵĵطһȥɡ
Ϊ, ޽ݲƷǰЩҪλûֱ÷֮ؽźܿ졣
΢΢ͷãȰ£Ҫʱ̿УܻҲȫˡ
Ҷһ٣һ̣㻭ı£ʵ
ȰҶŰɣҪЩҲûãΪͣٲû鷳ڶһͷҲöһݱϡ
ҶĻ˵ģ˵Ǹһ֪ٳ׵ķģҲġ
϶Ҫҩڣﾡá
ңҶҪЩӰ
ɵӣҶܿڣټϪɽһ¾ܿ
ǸסЩǰס
ǰʱ˴Ҳ御ġ
³˶䣬ӵ˸ߵΪ͵λʱӵеԽ࣬Խʧȥ
ⲻ˼ƽϵʧⲻ˰Լӵеһзŵһλ
⣬ͬ
ϪһأԸɴ£ȴΪ˸Ե棬ӡ
һõĽʱһʿߵ֧Ԯ˭ΪϪڵ޼ҿɹ򵥡
˲󼺣ԣ֧Ҷľ
бʤİ֮¡
صϪڣҶһ±ǰȥƤ
ûʲôƤôǸʦҪá
ǸҶһȥķʦ˭أ
ʱǸ˴ŸʶķۣŸʶߣζжϲֻܴϲ²һŮޡ
ϪڵһˣҲûֱµˡ
̴ƤʱڲҶн
źۼɨ۽ͻȻһ²⡣
λصķʦԶߣǰ
ҶĻĻҲ֤Ĳ²⡣
̽㣬ƤɣƤȫá
ĵ׵Ĳ²䶨Ȼˡ
𵤺ڣҩڵӣز¶ķʦ
ҩԲ֪ı£ȻȱĻ£ͷ˵ʲôýϪڰʯͷש
۲ʶ̩ɽ
Ҷнôһ£ˡ
Ҷ뽭ûбҪ̣δܳһʱǻսԼ໥һʵҲϡ
Ƥ䣬һƤ߰˰ţԻͷƤٶţԻ׷Ƥһңűá
ִõȻͬ죬һӾóôƤ
֮ǰ׷ϪڲˣЩպýȼü֮
Ϫɽ£ʿ֮ǰĻڴ˶ڻ¡
Щʯ̡£ҲüչƤһóʮʯ
۾һֱæЦˣЩƤҲֵʮʯòôġ
ô˵ʯĶȴһ㶼
ģԺ󵫷Ƥ㡣Ц۶ûˣı񿴲ү
ܻô׷ƴ֣ãϲ
СĬĬ˸ۣģ˵ƯʯҲյ
Ƥٺһ㶼ˡ
Сһ˲򵥰һͽ㳤ö̵ģ߯ˡ
ĺãҲǽĺý㡣
ǿͬġ
ôţСַĵλǲɺġ
û֣ϾԤʯģǾ̽ˡ
ÿˣǶԼˡЦ
˭Լˣ
ͻȻĺŮ¶㵣Ҷûоȣ֪ҲԼˡ
Ц᣺λǡ
˭ãǽĽ㣬׽㡣С
Ҳ֪ҶȻûŽı£ôҲǲ׼Ĵڵġ
ⲢŮǲ⣬˭ԼأԼˡ
ҶĹĵСһۣܵǺԪӤڣ䣬뽣ϣ̽Сá
۵ȻԪӤڵĴϪڻǲԻ
ЦЩǳǳһ񣺡̣Ҳ뽣ԪӤڣСû̽á
еֲЦˣûдҶǾ仰˼ϣڶթѵãҲζţú塣
СƢһ
Сһ̡
ֻ㣬ŲбأԼҲС
Ҷ䴽˼ֻˣϣʿ֮½֮ǰ֮ܽԵΣһ²õˡ
ͷһ٣ǰ׳Ϻ֮ڶųˣ
Сֱڿ죬ֱʵͷ֮СӲԼ𣿡
䣬ɽŵĵӱ㴫Ѷ֮
Ҷ΢΢üˡ
ˣص֮ˣǲԼˣҿһ˵
һô࣬Ҷ֮ڵģ֮ǽڵҲҩŵӡ
ûа취ȥ˵
֮һ߽Сǰ֮󣬱˱䡣
Ȼûв´ˡ
ûҪҰæĵط
һûӦ߶ϡ
Ϫɽһսʶ仯Ĳֻˣ֮ڡ
Ϫ׷Ҷ̡СԼ׳ĸԪӤڴܣҪһˡ
Ҷ֮ڣ
ûԼ֮һţæҰҩΪ˰ｶѰӻ֮ѿףڶӣ뿪ҩڣձһ䣬Ҷղҡ
ϴν֮٣֮Աֵô壬Ϊ˴ʯͷΪҶٳס
ҲǵСӾȽˮ
νףһ¾˿塣
ҩϪһϵı֣ʧĲҶ
ͬڷҩڲܱϪڸҪ


91 
, ֮ڸԸҶΪˣֻҪҶϪ, ѣҶͲ᲻ܡ
֪֮Ҳ֪ô
ĵ׶˸ޣ۹⣬еʶ
Ҷ⻰ûԥʦܣϪںҡ
֮Ȼǽ𵤳ڣѾ˽⣬֮, ԾսΪпɣʱ룬޺
ȻһڣҶĿıŽ, ˸պá
л֮ڵʱһ, ɨһ, ȷû׳, ĵײ⣬˵Լ, ȵ
ôƲ£ֲڵġ
Ͼһôࡣ
ҶһСɫ, ֪Ƕ׳ϣ׳ϰ
Ծؿ۽
Ŀ¶͵ؿ֮, ĵ۹ء
Ҷһ٣˼֣Ҫ׳ϵļ𣿡
عҪס
ﲻףû
ҶȴǳǳˣҲòס
ʱˣԸ׳ǱȷһţһЩҪ
뷨֮ڴȥסɭֵڣʿĶ
̸ʯٵΪ
ִúϪһµӶҪͻƣķʽʯ
𻭷ԼвҪĲֹϪɽнɽɭָ
ԣϣʿɭ֣羡Ҫ
С꣬Ҫȥһˡ
ҶöԿóݸС꣺ǰλڱһ㱸ˮȥһλǰ֮µĶҵãҲҲ޷

Ҷ˽һۣôҸȥæµ

뿪˳ϵ󷽣ϵѾ߰˰ˣҹﻹһƬ档
ҶɽȥһǰͷŲľʯ
ɽʯתһصڳǰ
ʯײ£ڰ
񿴵Ŀɿڴɽ¾Ȼܵ
ʱҶعῪڣǽȥɡ
ʯ׺ܳܳбб£·һ·뵽ɽ
Ҷһһ߳üţֻ꣬Ȼ󲡲𣬲ಡ֮ʱȥ常ҲҪҲҪٿ
İһŮӣ˵ģʱЦ⣬ĨЦڼʱܻ
ʱռ²ã֪֮䷢ʲôֻΪϣճɲģΪһ
Ǻרĸ常ʱˡ
˵ﲻʹԷˡ
ҶţŰĶػҽš
ǰһȥöԿףΪͻƵԪӤڲſȥһԵ
Ҫκˡ
ҶŽףİڽ¡
Щ꣬üįͻǰסĶͻƵڣܷųʶһ졣
˵һ˵չʾԼΪȴ˸Ծ
ĶѳΪڣǷڣ֮ɽƸĻ˷
ҶϸСʱһأָԺҲˣͶ࿴壬ϲ
ɽãһɽһƣȻƶˡ
ܵ
һֱðΣȴҸκˣֻܵߵ
Ҷפ㣬ͣܵͷĿһ䰵ңⰵҵһεϣʶҲסĽŲ
һֱ֪֮еʲô
ع񣺡ƱΣܽţȥһһҰڲ档
ڵһνɭʱκη赲κι赲ʱ뷨
ԡ
̧ţһ̤ȥȻ̤˹ȥ
Ұ𣿡ҶԼǴ˿⣬ֹһεûء
أ
ûųʶһȦĿĹϡ
Ա߻һ鱮ţ֮Ĺ
ɤЩɬҶпڣĸǲ塣
ǣҰͽ壬㿴Ұ𣿡
ûлش֪ôش
ֱóһҹ飬˰ҡ
ҺСһ۾ܿλĹ餡
ҶŹǰĹϵ֣һĨҲ˵
ϲ԰ԼԼ
񻷹ܣʯڱʯڣƺҲиʶá
ҶСʣҿԴ򿪿һܾһֵϢ
ΪʶǹϢԣȴһĪϤС
ϤдߴϽ򿪿һ
Ҷ˫ֽգƽʲô𣿡
ͷҡͷûʲôԣܾЩ֡
һΣҶĬãͷ˱۾㡭ɡ
õĵ׷֮Ǽᶨ
ĸðˡ
ĵĬһСĴ򿪹餡
ɫһ䡣
ҶҲı龾
վԭûж·𱻶סһŹ棬Ʋ۾
ǿյģԣӦ˵ûʬǣеһչޣչѾѣֻİ׳档
ͨӨףĴָСһȻ͸ȴһ档
ѵչޣжȻһʹ۽ǹ伸ᡣ
ãȻգ֪ԼΪλᡣ
Ϊλʹ·һ·ܵʲôٻһ㣬ִ档
˲仯촷ɢǹֵζֱԺ޿ײ룬Ժ
ƣ
ǹƣ
Ȼһǰ󷢺ڣʧȥʶ
Ҷľ֮˻赲첽˹ȥ
ܽˣ
εûˡ
񡭡
˲˼࣬Ҷָ̽̽ıϢãֻǻȥˡ
ܣֻпտյĹ餣æ뿪
Ľݷ·Լʹһ㣬ߺɽָԭģҲת
ҶŽصԼ䣬ƽȣԷġ
ĹΪʲôǿյģΪʲôȥ
ңҿʱŵһζ
ǹζŹ
ڵһʱÿһƷʱ
ѵйأͽĵйأҶѲȥеĹ
᲻ᣬĵҲˣİ͵йء
˼ˣס֣ǡ
ʱĽһΣֻ˵˱˵ξֻһԹߡ
׹֮ԣûֹ֮߱
׹ƺˣɻƳҲˡ
Ѫ֮УĹƳ໥ɣһһ飬һԡ
һԹƳǣ˵ʶԱ˴⡣
ǶԹƳһճϷζʳ𽥻ΣϷһж档
ɺ󣬱޾Ż£ǷԼʳʲôһûǣʳͬĹƳ档
Щֱͬ븹С
˻˫ƣ֮ӱƣ˰ٹ֮ǾҪİٹ֮ˡ
һ߽һ
˵òʱ˼ס


92 
˵һǵĹƳ汾ܵѪء
, ˵ʶ֮ȴһҲĲ, Ϊǵľܲá
һ뵽δĺΪأʳͬ࣬Ǿ޷ܡ
˾ĹƳ죬Ǳǳ棬ֻʺϹˡ
ð͵ֻƳѿǡ
ƵһʼιͷѪƾطܿ׷
ǹʼʩ󴩹ɭ֣Ϣӵķɽ
ɭԭѷ졣
񿴵˷ǰ, ׵С꣬壬Ҳ㻯Ϊ˵Լ
ĸʧ٣ѭϢѰϪ, ڰ챻˰, һꡣ
ƴž, һꡣ
һֻʧ˰ӱֻع鱾, ȴȥִʮꡣ
ԭǽ񣬱Ľ
ִǶʮֻ˰ӵĹ򣬻Եɺռ˰벿Ȼ
͵۾, ں£塣
Ҷս֣ˣǲجˣ
˿ܵ˺ܴľš
񻺻һ, ֱܵţԾһ, Ҷڻ
Ҷ
ôˣҶʳڣѹֵ
򴽣̧Ľĺ󱳣ɶԷôţû
ãִ˶ʮĽȴҲ糤Ľ
ִ˵ƽɡ
оƽҶĺ󱳣ȥǰ˵ɣЩˮ
֣ǰ
ɫӣʹһʱ֪ôҶ˵
ôӺ˵𡭡
Ҷʲôûʣֻǰȴš
ãһ£˿ڣԺҵˣǶˡ
Ҷ裬ȴġ
ڣȴĵĿ֪࣬ǡ
İĵӦѲ˹ϵ
һ̣Ҷ˵ʲôܣֻú©һ֡
ĵͰﶼˣĵȴֻôꡣ
ȥ룬һеǵ֪ôԽ
̾һҲ֪ǰֻ֪㰢ΪҵĵŲಡ齣
ҶİˣĵΪ˾Ҷϡ
ҵģ֪ô㡣
ҶİΪ˾ĵĵҶϡ
ҶҶĵǰѾʿ
һĶԹѾյ㣬ΪŮָúȥδӡ
Ҷ΢΢šü˵ѷ죬ǸǱ꣬ҵĳֽףĵ
İΪֹһУԼĵ£Ҷɱ
ûû´Ŀҡ
Ҷɫ΢²յס֣˼ǣڶʮǰԪӤΪˣϴͻơ档
ϧɭ֣֮ͻû׽٣ȻͿȷһˡ
ֻǸ㵽һУѹΪɭͻƣΪ
û񿴵Ǹ˱׳ϣڵˡ
£ûжپȡ
֮ǰĬؾٽ׳СеһԱһΪס
Զ½֮УҶԼѾһЩ׹֮ˣ׳ʶʱȴ̸ֲֻ׹ƣֻ˵ԼᲷԡ
²ϸ룬򴦴ɼߡ
üģҾ¶ˣпǻ棬벻ף˴µΪʲô֮ǰݷôΡ
ʱֻڵСԷֱӰ°ߡ
ûбҪȡǣƴġ
Ҳѹң㡭֮ʱ֮ѪΪҶͻȻϰ
˵׳һʼ㲻⣬ôЩƺѣΪǺ
᲻ͼ
˶һۣ򱿱ȷһ飬˫/֮£Ҳô˵ģˮҵĴ֮壬֮ѪҲܷ㣬ǶΪΪ
Ϊ
ҾΪ
㾡Ϊ
˶һۣͬ
񣺡ҲãϣΪԭڰȻ֪ݣҽȲҪݾߡ
۲׳Ϊǻ棬֮սǲûȫʤİա
Ҳд⣬ֻҶ֪Ҷͷ˾׳һȥ˭ûȥһĶԹ
˶ѾˣǺαȥ׷Ҳ׷
һ£Ҳˣ˵Ǹ˲ͷɣСĲš
һһģʲô
ȻĵѾˣǲǾͲ˰
ס㲻ȥ𣿡
Сʲôɶʱģ
ҶҡͷҲ֪ûзСǼʱص˱
ԴԼС겻ٵ/¶ϢԪ̬ڣ˵ȥ١
СæŰʯߣһʲô⣬ðҵʯ㣬ղһ˵ˣǿеǸ󻵵治ͷɡ
ɲǹ͵ֻһ˵Ѿˣе𾪣˳ȻԽԽˡ
Ҷһۣεͷ
ֻСҲ֪ˣҪҲסˡ
дҪǸͷӡ
䣬Ҷ¶ţСϽʵ£ģҲ嶯ģ֪ǲݾߡ
˵˵ݻһԺʵء
Ҷŷ߷߲ƽС꣬΢뽭ܽӡԪҲ˵ܾ쵽Ԫڣ𣿡
ڻһԶ֣зڣζԻԪ񣬷⡣
ҲԪϡ
Сֱ˶ԽӡԪ״̬׳ǻ棬̽Ϣ϶ųʶ̫ױ˷ˡ
ôпܻữԪ״̬
˼ǣҿԲʱԪȥ̽һСҶĻһӾ뵽ˡ
ףһײϣΣգᱩ/¶Ҷҡͷ룬СƽʱڱʱԪ䱸һ£Ҫ֡
׳̽ػԪϣһ죬ȫȥˣǾͱˡ
һʱɨܡ
С귭˸ۣˣҪǻԪҲҸղʱûˡ
ȴûзղûУһء
˼֮£Ҷǽһ̸Ҫ¾ʹȻķһЩܱ֤ñ
˷У㴫Ѷ̺֮ڣǽҲҶͷ
Сʹ괬
С굱ͻص㣬ǲǲȥҪʱԪ䱸ͷء
ֿգʺĵطڲȥˡ
ҶЦŻصʱȥˣ׳ϻ˵ȥˡ
׳֪Կһ£໳ɡ
ףҾ͸֮ǰһڰŻ
ҶЦЦͷ񣬸ſڣȷǣתȥռԲ֮ҹҹòҪֿ
Ժý㶣ãһϾ㡣
һʱ˴ˡ
ҶݸҪ贫ܣмǡ
ţá˵һ룬ĳɴҼǵˣҽȥ𣿡
£ֱ˵ãȻΪס
¡̲סֹһ
ôСأ¡
Ҷû壺ʲô
ûʲô˵еˣɫҲˣЪϢɡ
Ҷ
˲ֹ˼˵ôࣿû壿
룬Ҷҵİʲô뷨˼ʲôֱ˵á
һͣĵҶİû뷨Ҷ뷨ֱ˵
ֱ˵
֪
ҶɫԾ֣ס˽֣ôˣ
䣬һϣ뵽Լʱֱ㱻Ҷš
¹ֶô


93 
Ҷ
Ůü۳, ǺЦ򶨡
ϪھĴ, ƶûӰ쵽򶨡
Ҷת֮£ʣпǹԼ˭Ϊ𣿡
Ҷɫһ٣۵㵡
˭Ϊ¡
õĳĬýͷһʧ䣬ûˡ
΢΢ﴽЦҪЪϢˡ
֪ˣֱ˵ʲôѽ, Ͳ˵
ƽ׸Լ¡
Ҷ򴽣ûǿջЦҲ罭˵ֵǰ˽鵱š
Ȼôû, 񷽲ŵķӦȴ
ۿŽѾɵ, ȥ
Ҷǰһ, ɫԥ
С꿴ļ, ̲סʵ㣬㲻ͽΪ𣿡
ҶҲ֪
ȷʵδ⣬Ķ֮ʱ, ƫƫϪڴ֮ʣֳı£Щ˼һѹѹ, ѹûʱȥ롣
ҶĻشСüʲô֪ģ򵥵¶, ϲһĸҲ̫ˡ
Ѷˡ
Ҷ˴ϵһۣûٻӦС꣬ߵߣºڰͣ£ĬĬ¡
ȷʵ£æµһУٺú⣬ɺã
֮ӦЩϲģɽҩڵӣǵһ
ƾһϲóȻŵһԹѶϣָΣ
ңǱ˴˵ϲϸΪƲһδβ˹ƣ
Ҷûд𰸡
鳾䶨֮󣬽֮Ӧþд˰ɣ롣
񷭹һӣתӳ⣬ſֹأһҼž
**&С죬ȻѡǶԵġ
ָ֮󣬶ˡ
ôѱϣûпǹĸܡ
Ҫʲô
Сɫץ񣬲ɳˣԷſʶ͵СЩԻԪ񰡡
С귭˸ۣ֪֪ǾӣΪֱˣСǲᶮġ
͸ñ졣
Ϊֱʲô䣬ľֻ֪ӣ֪Ļš

Ҷһ£ĪĻš
Ļŵܽߡ
ûж㡣
һֱԺͿô뽭񾲾š
ͬԶԣߡ
Ҷ۵׵򾲣񲻽ЦЦҶҲϲǿ飬͵Ҷû˵еǰ㾡ȥΪ¡
̸//˵/Ǵʱ
һʱͷԷ裬Ҳи¡
ҲǸ˼ûʲô벻ãֻǻδǽ֮Ǵʱûиģٿɺã
ǵĿЦҶĵ׵ĻҸսʲôȴֻ߬ס˽
һ
֣ḧޱߵķ˿ãƲȥ²̸˵¡
ʲô£
ΪͻƵ𣿡˵ţߴŽں֮Ůӡ
ҶɫȻƽģûʲôӰ
΢΢̧һֱߣ峺ûһ㣬û
ʵϣ¶ɫϪĵҳһš
Ϊ繫ϵ;ʯΪʯ̺ḻʡȥĹ̡
ΪԽߣʯԽС
ԪӤΪʹʯҲδͻơ
ĻȻҲָʯȥ
֮ԿΪİ취˫/ޡ
ʯЧѸ١

߽ٵԲ֮ҹ
лͷҶһ£ﶣĻָԺΪΪֶ˫/ޣǲõġ
ǲõİɣֲܾ
ҪشԼޱߵֱֻ˻ȥ
ǰƵ˯ɣҾûǲҪˣ֮ǰ˵ģ¸ǵ֮䣬ʥģǵΪֶΡ
żˡ
ҶߵĻһ٣û˵ڡ
ҲʧɣҾżȥ׳һԲ֮ҹҲûʲôȻԵ̫ˣòҪ쳣 ʹǰһദס
áҶӦһ
˵ľתһһŴµı˽񣬶ҶȴͷãȻڸ顣
⣬С곤̾⣡
⻹ӳ
С߰˵֮ô򵥵أ˫/޾ΪĺôϣҪǻң׼ʲôɣ鴲ϡ
ʵ˫Ҳ/Ϊġѿڶ
վһ¡
СޱطԼ˸ԡ
ʲôأǾβһ˫/Ϊı£Ҫ룬õŵȵڣõŷҪޣ
ⲻȱһĵ
ۿߣ˵ĺ
СƳһۣڼʳǾβһɲ˭ܸʵģС˻ࡣ

Ժٸֻ⣬Ͳޣ
ԺҪֻ꣬Ͳߡ
һ硣
һԵı죬ƻصԼסȴûеһʱóƤȡһʯʼ
ΪǿҪΪﱨ
˽ǰǻ棬̫ˡ
ңҶԪӤڴܣʯ˶á
ǽ𵤺ڣʯܿټЧġ
ٶʯգۼȥһ򣬸ܵڵɶͻ֮󣬽ͣʼ
ͻˣǲҪ׳֪
޶żͬͷĻ֮ڣɭפأ˸Ƨĵطϵʮʯȫ˳ʼ
ҹҶһһö
⣬ҶԾ̧ͷĵĪһ˿
峿ʱȽȥ޵һַʯǾͻơ
æµһ컹ջʯΪߵ˵ЧѣʮӶͻƵ˽ڡ
ֱɫ󰵣Ҷű޿ɱܵ߻
Ҳһ·ĽŲһֳ
Ǹ⣬ȷʵҪΪҲΪһʹæµҲ޷ӵļ¶
Ҷ̧ͷҹգ૵롭ҵΪµˡ
ҹɫ˻Ӧ
ǳõƿš
ȴһˣֻһ
Ҷ»طɽһˣ磬æͻء
ݣҶ۵׻һ˿ʧ䣬Ѷһ䣺µġ
һֹʹشһ䣺Щ
ɽĿں̶ߣŬʯһʯ촷ۣܵڿʼ
Ͽշͻ䣬绮ҹա
ͬһʱ䣬ɽɭĳ׽¡
ףͻƵԪӤڣصֱɭֺͷɽпһһ
Ŷʱ󾪣׷˴̽ϢǺηʥ
ߣ񳤳һ۾ΪѹƵ𵤺ڣſҶĴѶ
ʱѵ˺ҹԲ¸ء

Բ£
Բ֮ҹ


94 
ôƫƫǽ
Ҷ
񲻸, ͻء
ȴڸյִһ޵ʱͣס˽ŲǰһϤӰ
߹ȥ, ỽһҶ㻹𣿡
Ҷ̧һϣǳǳīʪһֱߣ˫Ҳץ½ǡ
һڼţѾơ
ҶûлӦ񣬾ôš
ⴿ, ɾڡ
һԿס𣿡
˵ҶƷĵߴΣ˫/ĴΣʼζҶԼ־˹ȥ
Ҳ
ǰ˵ʮΰ˴ξܰѹƽɾ
Ҷ߬½ǵָ˽, ˱۾, ˵˾䣺ԡ
ʵ, ڷ, Ѿܳܡѹסĳ̶ȡ
ҶͶ￴Ƿݼѡ
ּ̣ѡ
ԥһ£С, ӵڻ
Ҷ̵ġ̵õôࡣ
---Ҷ͵һڳ촽΢, ٺš
ڿҪˮ׵ʱ򣬱һ̳ˮ档
˫, ġεع/˽ץסĻᣬԼ/塣
/ĺ磬һһ¡
ȴһƽˮȻһȱڣ˶ʼ
Ҷǡ
ҶͷڽǰĻ񣬱ҡұãá
ૣæ˱ȥġ
Ѿָ˼䣬Ҳ֪Ҷ˿ӦŹأҲͽˣ˫/ѾǱҪ
ҶҲ֪Լ״֪Լܱǣľɿ졣
ҶѡԼ
һ룬ĵʧ䣬ҶĹƾҪˣҲʧҶĹƲҪѹˡ
˵˽ġ
޵⣬˽ӵһˮīɽӻ
á
һݰ䳤ͷ˫ֻƣ§ס˶ԷĲ
񡭡
Ҷ̧ȣ侲
ܣĶͷ޷Ǽ䣬ܽسˮĻꡣ
һ˫Ҳ̧̧סҶķͷ
ȴ///ܰ㹴/ꡣ
΢΢ͷ˵óԸر۾ɶԷԼĴ̽ӵ///
ӭϣýһ˲ܵ裬ͷųһƬѤã
ԭĻȾˮī/
С겻ɵס۾̲סָ죬þֶǡ
-
㾹Ȼ/-
/ڳϢһء
//̫ÿˣô졣
ˣ뿴Ϳ۾ʲôԵòĪС̲꣬ס²һ䡣
ȿȿȣ㶮ʲôʱҪ֡Ŀû˼͵͵Ŵ̼Сüֱ˷ܣúߣֱŲ۾
šü㷽Ż˵ͺãôһת۾ˣҲ̫ϲˣ¡
Ȼһ㶼ϣ˵ͱ䡣
ͷϽ˯㡣СֱӸ˸ǿ˯ߣǸɷ羰Сߡ
һӵ/ǵĻÿһ㶼£ֱ̫Ʒζˡ
ʱС񣬱һ¡
㣬񣬻ͷˡ
СĴҶȻعֱ۷ܵ˽һ£һûʹϡ
һͣǿסſ˻ˡ
㶨ҶҲ᲻ƿ۾
һ°ɫȹŮӣü΢䣬۽շɫȾһĨϼĵԭü۾Ⱦ顣
ѩкˡ
Գֵİ¹⣬˿ȴȻ˵ˡ
׳ѾǰԾǰվ˵󣬲ñ˿/Ҷ
Ҷ˹ɵվڽ/繡
ǰ磬컹ûأ˸к
׳һҲҶ￴¶ɫɨһ˵ΪСʶһҶѣͽˣҹףһģһڷɽֶԪӤڴܰ
Բ֮ҹ˹Ȼһ
ҶԪӤڣǽ𵤺ڣµ׽޹ء
Ҷɫѻָ糣࿪һǰͽ粢磬΢΢ͷҲˣҲ֪Ǻηʥڶɽ٣ǰʲô
һڡʾݡ
׳ϴظ˿ڣϷռһֻߴ˵ˣʲôˣû
绹˽ܵ飬ߴ˵ģ
Ҷ֮ڡ
ð
ףԤʾͻƵԪӤڣһʱ뵽еĽ֮ڡ
ԣ׳ϲһѰҶʵΪûб仯
û뵽
Ҷɫƽ޷ҪؽŷڵһλĪҪΪס
Ѿյ˴ѶǱͻƵԪӤڵ֮ڡ
һڷɽͻƵģҶ۽ǵⲻźۼĴӽɨҲ˲²⡣
˵ǣôСѺϵܰϪô׳װģЦǺʵ
Ҷ治ɫʦ뿪ҩڣӦؽȥˣϾ˾ϪڣСȥһˣվܻǰ赣ġ
Ϸȥռһ㼪ס׳ϳ˳ӣЦŸǡ
ĿȥҶתǣ߽޵
Ϸţʾһ£ֱӻصϣ˲£ýͷ
ҶŴʵڷɽͻ𣿡
ᣬΪ˷ֹ׳ɱǹԪ̽
ǿ治˵Ҳ˶룬²ڴܡ
Ҳס
ֱҶѹ///¡
ͷ֣š
ңѹΪǱ֮𣿡
Ҷͣʧ˽ࣺѶҲѹΪ
ʼ磬Ż߱ӡ
ҲҲǣһʯٸһЩʯɡ
Ǵӽ𵤺ͻƵԪӤڣķʯ
ûǴĻֻ֮мʮʯһǽ𵤳ڣȻһԽͻƵԪӤڡ
츳߰
ҶӦһšִȻһĵʦǧѳһıϵ츳Ȼ߳࣬Ѿúܺá
ЦЦ¹ڰο
ٿڣСһ䣺ˣͷˣǹȻԪ̽ɶ񡣡
Һãʱ̼ҶĻʱͻԪţȻ淢ֲ׳ϵټ
£ҶͬʱһСĿռϢһĪ;ÿ˼֡
Ÿ첲ͷһͣ˵ıǼһ
Ȼһ˲˺
㷽š
ҷš
ͬʱڣͬʱͣ¡
˵
˵
ͬٴλײ˲Ц
СԵʲôѧԷ˵𣿴һ
񣺡ⲻ۵С꣬ܲܲҪʱˢڸС
ҶǲƣЦһɣеơ


95 
, ˶ӣߴӷ϶, ӳ
ң·ܸܵ˴˵
ƿӣɷ
ȷʵеƣƵп䣬ǰ뻳С
ҶҲû´ŵ񻨴أٳ
㡣СԾγһҲƿ, һ
ҶŲŲס˽ȡ
΢·𱻶Է¶Ⱦһ㣬
СһסҶĸ첲, Ц, ǲǺ, ͷһ, ͱҷˡ
ʱˡ
һС⻰ͳڱò´μŬ
С귭˸ۣı, Ϲʲô
Ƴ˽һۣ˵Ҫڣ¶ˡ
ֱǹû
⻰, Ͳͬˡ
һʼͺܽ㶥ǽ
Ҷһžͱ, ϱӻͷĻ¶ڡ
С귭˸ۣ˵ѩ̿ҲʱѣܰϷȫ𣿡
߱ǻβӵģƹȥˣΪܷһء
У㣬
ͶңҸ˵
Ҷһһ䣬ɫûб仯ڳ񣬺ȴ೤
ƫͷһۣôһߺС죬һҵġ
Էĸůָ˳ֱָ⡣
ָָ䣬һ˳ָ׵ıԵỮȥһָ죬ȥ
õİߣ֣Ū
ڣָ˳ֻϣε⡣
Ҷһ/ϯԺ
һ̧ͣ첲¶ߵķ˿ȥֱӷŵ˽档
ɵۣбۿС꣬ĵ׺һĿŵĿԣЩԲ׼¹ⲻ˦ɡ
֮ǰһǣзŵͬ
һסҶ֡
Ҷָһڿ
ӣв֪۵ףЩ˵˴˺ˡ
˵֮ǱһҲУҳ⣬ҪҪ񡭽㻰أ
Сߴߴ죬û˴Լˣ
˵öԣô졣
񱻾һ£Ǽ⣬޴š
С꣺û˵ʲôأ
ˣ⻵ӡ
㣬ҪҪ
ҶӦţŻԣ˵һ飬ҿ񡣡
С꣺
˵һ飿һ鶼û˵أ
˸û˵ɡ
ͻȻЩҲˣһ𳤴󣬰컥ճôҲ˵أ
϶Ǳˡ
֮£СίغһӭҶѯĿ⣬ֲ죺Ҿÿ׳ȥɭְ֮ڣǸıʿˣܰæҪִԼˣһֱϪڣʱ䶢ǣ˷һ
С⣬ҶһӦǾòףһ׳ʿ֮ʱװء
תһ룬־ÿôš
׳ϳҪǶϣʱ̷绯ΪƶԷ֡
ͿǶԼ˳֣Ƕǳ֡
׳ϻҪǱʿ֣׬ˡ
׳ֱ˺αװǣǾͶվϣķˡ
ңҶһǿҵֱ׳ϵĿǽֻҪΪ״̬䣬Էпܻװģȥ
С˵ûıöԷװɵ䲻òЧ
ô죬һȥ
ͷá
ĶˣҲȥɭֲˡ
ҶֿС꣺²˳٣ھȥڣһһݷá
ƾϪһ֮Խʿɭ֣Ȼ׷ʿڶ࣬ķʽ廨ţԷȫ
̶Ժ󣬱·
һ»õķһóǱʦ
һҳֶ˼ҳֽϲüҡ
켶飬ȻΪݡ
Ǽҳֽϣص׷
һߣҶѡҩڣȥҩڵ·ϣյ˽ĴѶ
׷ѳɣɵл档
Ҷͷһɣԭڵ̬ȣһŽ᲻ɣø֣£ǲôˡ
׷Էӳ켶Ը涼⣬ѹ˲ȥ˴롣
ǸˣڽҪͷϲ
ҩڣϡ
ЦǺǵֶŮŶҶΪ°
Ѳǽصƿ׷ˣҶҩˣ
ҶĻĻ롣
ǰȥԶ½Ӧ֪ʿǻ񣬳̤ģңǰ֪׳ϵı¡
֪ǻ𡣡ҶɫڨڨӣǸ׳óռһں
׳ϲǵһɽûͷˣ˼˾Ϫڿųϡ
ɮ濴棬ֶŮķϣ˵ҪһЩˡ
Ҷɫƽ׳©ռʿձٽҴҩһ䣬Ը˹ͬפġ
½ֻߣɲ̣ЩżȻƶԱֻ棬ܵʿĽѵҲܡ
½Ƿˣһ˴
ΪĺӱţӳҲ߱ӻ
вٵӵķ˸ĸڣǷȻߺˣǰ϶Ƿˡ
常˵ӻߵı֡
ԣϣʿ߳ģ꼰˴
ԣϣŽһ£ܵİʿġ
ÿߵĵԲΪΡ
˱䣬źӸ̾ҶΪƣд֮ңʱ򣬱ӦԴҩ˲ŵ㣬ʵʵ㰡㲻ȥ콣ڡ
˼ˣ߶ˡҶ˷ĻЩûʵɣ˵׻ֻűȫʵûкô°ˡ
Ҷѻ˵ͷҲصˣ۷ֱָŴŵǳƢˣڵĻû˵أ
û˴Ҫ˭ΪôӮ֮ôϷʿķʯأ
׳СѵϪڽȣǣʿغŵĴӲܰ
һºӣ˵𣿱ֻȿ콣ںôˣⲻĻ𣿡
СôһҲϰףǵѻ˵갡
׳һ飬ͷװڣҲ֪Ϲ
ԤУҩڵ˥һ֮䡣
Ҫ֪ϪڿɲǰСˣִãҶﻹٳס
еΪľͱˡ
ü룬óһöѶ̻ڡ
ҪŵƶҶûãҲҪһϪʵ̬ȣ˲źþӦԡ


96 
ʱ, Ÿҵ׳ϣ˵Ҷİ, һȥɭ֡
յĴѶԥһ¾Ȼҩڣ׳Լ档
֮Ҳȥģǰȥϣһҩһ˾ȥǡ
ãСһ·Сġ׳ЦǺӦˡ
Ʒҩںܿǰ
һЩŹ֡
ɫ׳һ
΢΢ף, ֪ٵӺ£
Ž㣬ϪмλԪӤڴܣжٽڵӣ
׵ı, ˽һЩϪڵʵ
Ϊڸղ, ڴϢ, ӦϪڹͬʿ
, ҶѾȥ콣ˣ콣ҲӦﻢˡ
ڵԲ, ǻжϾƣܵһӦȻյʲôϢ, ϢǸԸҶǲ
̧ͷ¶ɫӲ
, Ϫڶʲôأ
˵Ұʯͷש𣿵һֱڰ޽ɫ棬һɡ
ҭһ£ҧûϢֻ˰שˣ
̽ʲôϢҰæשзԸ𣿡
ãȻ峺ֵ
˸ۣԼлһҩôĵӣĸ
һ侲ֶŮҩڳȥפģ֪ɣ
֪ѾӦˡشúܿ죬Ȼ
㶣Ӧʲô
ûɣ
ųϵ״ӣܴӦʲôѲɻҩڵô֪
ƽӴӦȥľһౡ֮ˣ֪Σ
ڶʱһЩӦ
ڻûŻأӦʲô
ҩڵԼΪ󣬵İΣҪԲӦ񣬵Ӷȥġ
̬̹Ȼᶨǻģѡ
Ĭһ££ɿǹŵ֪
ЩС¸ҵĹͷ˰ɡ
ںεأԵƽϣԴΪƵġ
ɫ˱䣬ԳĮȻŰɣȻȥҲá
˼ǾܾҶ飬֪ҩô಻壬͸ø֮һֱȥ
Żιͷŭһҩ߾ߵ𣿡
֮ȥΪ˽ڵʱѣҽڻТ˴ʯ뷨
񱳺ʲôһ̵ŵӣ˵
ЩСᣬһģûа
ûпΪӣдҩڲҡ
ΪһԱԼֻȣų
ҶԼĻȥʿԼȴ˴塣
ȫҺʹǰѡߡ
˵Ҳ⣬һڰ֣ˣǳھͲ׷ˣһ㽫ֶŮ仰˵ڴӦ룬ҩڵԸǲ
Ҳֻ¡
ϴϪڹɽһ£ƺߴһٴһպô󰡡
Ҷ֮ܣõλٳף
ȻѾ̬ҩҲ˭ûԶˡ
¶ýȥɣеӡ
һѻȭھϲλˡ
ߺ󣬷һ̾ϵܣԸûȻҩǧҵͻڱˡ
ϣжûд
æʱɲܷͿפȥһʿû˰ǣǸûжٰԱ
׳˵úʵҩʵĳϸûѡ
ȻѾעʶȤЩסһЩ֡
ԳЦЦתƻ⣺ӵҲ󣬱һʱֲıߵˡ
ûʲộȴҸа壬˵ĵĽ
׷˸ûӻĵ˼ҲǴð
Ҵģ촦˽ҩھͳ׸Ϫˡ
ĺͽû̡
϶ǰŸҶԽ֣žͻᴫѶҶ
ʦǳ԰׷𣬻סԼͽܻʲôʦסԮ
Ƴ˼һ£ǵС˼ˡ
ССĲϵϵĻ棬̫ˡ
ҩڣҶѶɭָϡ
˿̣ҶѾִ콣ڡ
֮ףʵǿл콣ڡ
ӴǱɽϡ
֮Ҷűɽڡ
һΣɽĶܺʹЦЦҶδѣ֮ңҪһ䣬פģ˭Ϊ
ôʣҶѾ˴𰸡
ҶĬƬ̣Ϫڲдµҹͬ飬鲻Իһ˵ȡ
⻰˼ǣҿһΪ˸ԵսϪڲ֮֮Ҫ˵
ɽĬĬ裬һʱû
Ϸͬ⣬콣֮ףפĿԣҪ콣ںȻǳˡ
£ɽ߽
Ѵãֿƿؾˡ
ֱλĸǻ棬Ϸ콣ųϣʲô£ʾ
֮⣬ĸ콣ˡ
ɽԣؿҶһۣûг
ΪǸĬϵĹأԴչأųøɽƹ֮콣ھɽһˡ
˥ɰܣܹܵˡ
ˣֻǸܴϺͿ
ûأҶ߶ˣǡ
ɽ˽رǷΪԸҪ콣
ɽһפ֮£콣Իаţ͡
콣֮ףȺۣĻᵱȻҪȥڡ
ҪЩ۵СɫԹѵһʱִ֡
ɽ״ĬĬ뿪׷Ҷ
Ҷһ󡣡
ǰ뽲
ɽҶóһƴСĽɫӣһУá
Ҷûգź󻰡
ɽͷס۵׵Ļɬ֪Ĵ
Ҷͷ常˵
ǧǰңϣ½ȱǽӡڷɽ֮ϣס˸½ͨʹ绥š
ӡȹ̣ɢ䣬֪١
ݴϽ¯ϣһֱ
ϽϪڣ常Ѿ
û뵽⾵콣ڣڱɽ
⾵ձ㽻㣬ףɷĽ磬ôһ죬Ҷ콣ڱӻһɽ˵ѽ⾵һţת뿪ûиҶܾĻᡣ
ףҲǽ٣ֻôˣ飬Ҳο塣
콣ڵĻ˰С֪ǿˡ
㣬Ͻ¯ڷǰϣǾͲ˪ˡСܾĴֱӷģʿͽˡ
Ҷս⾵ͷ콣ڡ
콣ڵλ滹
Ҫˡ


97 
, ҶڿУߴ콣ڵķջء
ɽΪλѽ⾵, ѵãļ˶޲ò
常Ͻ֣סԪӤڴܣԻĵĻþٱ籱ɽոսĽ⾵˵ܿ͸һ
аٶֵ˪ԼǰܼʱָϽ¯
ҶףҲܲ²⵽һЩ, ɽ˵˽Ҫͷϣܱӻ콣ڵӡ
һǿ϶ٳף
ǽҿĶ̴޷, ½ΨһĻ콣, ǡ
Ҷü, Ը
СҶɫȻ, ɲ²Ƿһǰ˵ļˡ
Ͻܻþ⾵ȴܿ
ศ, ⾵˪һѸ°빦Խ⾵˪ҲΪһ, ໥Ӧġ
˽⾵ֻҪ˪֮, 
Ҷͷǻذɡ
Ƶᣬ۵ȴǡ
ԶԤҪӺܶࡣ
ɭ֣֮ڴ˸к׳ϡ
ǰо֮Ҳ˲ÿһʲôܱ鲼ģһз紵ݶյϢģ
С˵öԣ׳ţȻװɵǾﾡá
׳üصϷóǸʽ˵УҲᡣ
Ҷʿģ˻̫쿪ˣôܡ
ûʡ
뵱ȻˣǿԽ׳װɵãͷҲøֽڲϰ
ҹ罥ˣ֮ڼ׳˯ˣ񣬴ʿĴˣ𣿡
ûۣص¡
־֮飬˵Ǽٵġ
֮Щ⣬ЩȻôһ¡֣ĵ׵ĽŶȻɢȥ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳе£ֻһ㡣
Ͼʮꡣ֮Ȼȴʮͣô£²Ź֡
ҲûҴꡣ֮ʶֱͦ˼
΢۾ԣҲ°
֮һ㶣ЦЦ֪ܲʼĸʶʱһͦõġ
õݵĶ
ɫڲô
᲻˵ʲôиʶʱͦã˾;ûˣ
֮ڿҹգҲáҶá
˵ʲôС춨Ůһ䣺Сô
ôôŮ֮ûи߰
Сѣ棬ֱˬӣ͸Ϊֵˡ֮ڲ֪뵽ʲô΢΢ЦСͦģǸֵܡ
񣺡ճֵܵķչ֪ôӡ
δһĵ𣿡
֮ҡͷǰԺˣֻǿֻһõˡ
ҶĻ塣
Ŀͷɻôое㿴׵ӡ
ùĻҪ
뷨ܲؼ䣬ǸŬһõˡ
֮ջߣ̲סδ¡
Ҷ
ԺʱһӰüۣƳӡ
۵ײЦ⣬ͷû
֮ڵͷȻҶ
Ҷʦ㣬Ǻ䡣
ıֻ̫࣬Ϊ׳ôһصĴвһ֮ڵĻܶࡣ
̲סִʵûһ֮սиô
һ٣㲻פģ
ӱ
֮ȭ£Ҳ壬ֻǷĲµʲô⣬ҶʦһҪ˽ڡ
ͽڵǧҵܻ١
Ҳĵԭ
֪ûлסŵı£ԸȥΪڻһݱӻ
˼㲻µġ
Сڻҳ£Ҳʲô⡣
֮㶣ֻڰοԼ
šӦôһ˱㲻ٴΪҶˡ
վ֮⣬Դˣҹ°ɫ½ǣϿ͡
֮ڶһۣԱ۾
׳ϱڴʱۣҶѣˡ
֮Ǳѡ
Ҷԭһˣһôذɡ
Ĳֻһˡ
ʱ̴ϪںִõĵҲϵˡ
ҩںڵˣΪǽ𵤺ڣˡ
ʿȻûнΪˣΪ˼ٲҪǴҲֻ˾ӡ
ҩһٶˣһٶˣϪڼִҲһٶˡ
ټǼİٶˡ
ֶŮҩڽ𵤺ڼΪĵӶˣҰŰɡ
֮ǰĲ춼ûз
ڵųϽҲֵڱչأڵԸҶԸ
˵ˣǧ겻ǼʱжϾƣ˳ƶΪ
ϪƲɵҶ컯ȫ֧֡
紵öҶ޼ķ˿תˣͷλǰסˣ̽Ϫм䡣
һ٣֮ں׳ϣλҽİɡ
ģ̽飬ʱʿĶҲҪ
ı
䲻İ׳棬ѵ˷Ƥӵ¿Ųȫġ
ңҶ˽һۣʵ׳ǲһŶ׷
һšϴȥԶ½СԱһŶ׷
ܵԪӤڴܵ׷
Ҷõ׼ȷĴ𰸣ΪĿ¾ԪӤڣٱ編
׳ͻȻ꣬ͷΣյġ
Էǻ棬ΪѹƣΪԪӤҲֵܵһʱ䣬Էǳ˲׷ǡ
Ƿܱ֤ȫ
Ҫ취׳׷ĵ
ʲô취أ
ҶһѣҲʶ㣬ɭ֣Ĵа취
ںǸ˵ķؼΪСĲû׳¼һ󷨣ػ
ڲٿ޻ǵĿܣЩá
Чº˰һ׹ʹ׳ʹ׷
Լ뷨ܴһҶɲصһͷһ¿С
Ҷ˽ģֶͬŮ֮㻹ִΪף̽£ϷȥС
Ÿվ룬˧ôأ
СᰡǾ٣̫嶯ˡ
Ҷˣƽ޷ҲԺ̽㡢һ¡
ΪҲ֪ҲסƵġ
쵼߲һר϶е쵼ߣֻŽҵʿģΣС
ô˵ĵ׶ʱɿ첻٣ֶŮġ
⻰˼ǣҶڣʲô£
֪һʼͲܾˣΪֻ֮ء
ԭһЩҲûҩڵ
ԾһЩȨֵķɤӣͳɣģڻµġ


98 
ɫ΢, һ߽ġ
Ҷǰ棬Ÿ̤, Ųһ١
Ҷѣʲô𣿡һԵ׳ϼҶɭֱפ㲻ǰʵ
Ҷס۵׵Ĳ죬ҡͷ£ֻ𲻾ǰЩп
ʵϷҲеп, Ǽ˸ĻԵ׳ЦۺӣԾ֮ڲں棬óλø
ҲûֱǰҶ硣
˲ɭֵһȥ
Ŀǰ, ĴʵҶ, 㷽ôˣ
ͻȻͣµĽŲ, ɲڸп
Ҷ, Ĵ»
Ҳǰ˵Ͻ¯ϣǰȷʵ, ⾵˪ǴһܻΪӦΪ, ɫ΢΢ҶղŵķӦǸйأ
Ҷ¶ɫشڽ֮ʱ, ⾵춯һֱڶûֹͣ
ĴǰƴСŽľ
һۣ뵽һ
ѲǼ˪ģǼ֮һϣ
ųԼϲûʲôѽҲͨ彣
ųųҶǾֻˡ
ҶҲ˲²⣬Щȷ
ΪŽ⾵֮ں׳ϵʱ򣬽⾵ûʲô쳣
춯Ǵ̤ɭһ̿ʼġ
Ҳûֹͣļ
Ƶɭľʣ֮ǰȣûκα仯
⾵Ե޹һֱȻǸ֪˪ڡ
Ǿֻֿܡ
Ҫô˪֮ڻ׳ϵϣ֮ǰʲôϢ֮ȴزˡ
Ҫô˪ģǵڵλúܽ
Ҷüû
֪˶ãд磬Ҷ׳ϣǰһ̣ɷһ˵
ҶѿˣʲôԸ㾡˵׳ЦӦ˾䣬ҶԶȥ
֮ڶһۣ˿£ĿϢ
Ҷ׳߳һξ룬ʱϱԪ̬뿪
׹ðˡ
ߣҶһЦݵ׳ϣԥǰΪ֮˲ԣ
ҪΪȡʱ䣬ôõĽھǰˡ
׳һɫϾЩҶ˵֮ǡ
׳̽£ҶįؿԶҰҰﲡŶ꣬Ҵδʬףһλ֮Ϫɽϸһʬס
Ŷǻʬǣ׳΢䣬ϲɫ
ҶԶ䣺˯˵ӣһ㻯ޣԭֻƳ棬ҾðΣ¸꣬޴Ӳǰܷһԣһ򡣡
٣Ͻʱǰ£Ȼ׳ϷҲڴݾߡ
ζ˸֪
׳ϳ˳ӣϯضóƬףĿʼ㡣
۾дʣҶڽ֮ϡ
񣿡
һԷԾǱĿϢӣûκλӦ
û۷
ʱ׳۾ɫصΪ֮࣬գƺƳйأϷֻһƶϳ׹֮ҶΪƣǳҲ׹֮ΣԵı㲻ˡ
ҺͰһҲ׹֮ΣҶ¶㵣ĿⲻܿƵؿ
׳֮ʣˣҴһ
Ǹܵߣۿ˹
Ҷʶغ˰벽װһƬ
׳Ͻһп״ƺҶ뵽ʲôСй˵Ϸֻ֪С֪ʲôأ
ʲôأһֻƳˣҶ˹ƣǣ˼
Ҷ΢һ˿
ԥ˺þãżǡֻͨǰˡ
ŮɫãȻܵʲôһ㣬ԭ͸˿԰ס
׳̾һҶѽڰ
ҶȻû˽̸£ֿƬ̣ҧҧɫŻָƽ
׳ıӰ̺ӡ
Сᰡ̫ˣ֪İ֮˵ĵԼɱĸˣԵֻҪҪִ򣬻ǰأ
ڴҶѡ
Ҷʲôûһ㣬ŴҼȥ
һ·һ·ܡ
ĺܾûˣҲޣżżֻϷɹ
ۿһ룬ǰڴ˲ͬѰĶ
Ҷ䱸
ųʶʮó߷ʱ򣬲ɫ䡣
ľʣЩˣðɡСҶûס
ҶӦþѾǰ
СġҶ㿪˲뿪ԭأС
˾һ𲻷ʩչֲ˵׳ΪĿꡣ
֮һν塣
ҶʱֹЩΣսپ׷
һ˵׷֮ں׳Ĭؿ
һ߶һߺҵ׷ڶϪɽһսˣûüҶƤأûʣġ
ʵϣϲмŶ׷һٶ׷Ȼʱó
ǵĿ׳ŷ
ۿ׹ٴαƽ֮ڸﻹһš
ϷҲһš׳ϲó׷
⻹ϴȥԶ½֮ʱ˽½ǵģһһš
ҲʣţҰɣǶԶЩҶοǣӹС
˱ԶһЩ£ʮó׻Ϊҽ
Ҷü׳ϣЩѵʿֶΣǰô
ȷˡ
ʱ͵ô󷨵ĺۼ֮ǰİ׹񡣡
׳Ϸųʶ̽һҡҡͷϷûʿټǵĵҲ޵ȷʵǰ׹󡣡
ֻ֮ˣôƾðһ󷨡
ɨ˽һۣǱûеֵķؼųֿܡ
ǼһֱûзֿӦòԼġ
Ҷأ̽߾裬СЩ
ΰ׹¼ֻͽ֪֮ڶûиߡ
ΪΣΪ˲׳ϿȻӦʵ
¿ǵļƻܳɹ׳Ӧûлɵϡ
׷˵ĵ׶ɲ١
ûٳʲô⣬˳ĵһߣԶ½ıԵ
ǶϣСķſʶĬĬһۣ۵׽о
ʿ֮⣬չΪ׵Ǻϻںڡ
֮߬߬ĽŵʿȻҪˣô죿
ǧʿǽΪмʮλԪӤڴܺ档
ֻİˣһûУԪӤͽСҲλϺʤ㡣
Ҷ˰üģʦܣϻȥ֪ͨҰƻ
֮ûжִŲоܵĵС
񿴵ýĥߴʲôأ
ҪǲԸ⣬ǰȥš
֮һ㶣תͷߣȥ


99 
׳Ϻ΢飺Сǲʲôë, ôһϷܵñӻ졣ݺòƵġ
, òҲҪʱ
ڣ˴һ
ڽҶ
ˣҲ׳Ͼǰš
֮ߺĬĬԶһЩ
ô죿һҶ⡣
׳ҲҶһȷԸģ
ԴһӣǾĬҶΪףһֱ
Ҷ¹, ˼ȫΪǺ˲ŷ쵼ߡ
Ҷʿķü;һЩϰ谭ǵĽٶ, һЩ
Ҳʲôȫ, ͼʿһˡ
̫, Էл, סͲˡ
ʵڱ޿ɱܣȫӦս
˵ģüͷһ, 뵽Լ괩ִǶʮ꣬Ǵ̼λսʺµ
뵽Ҷһ, ֪񣿡
˵
нˣפ, ƣҴ򣬵׷١
Ҷ۾һ˼Ƭ̣ͷһԣһ㣬Ҫȫģ˲ΪƽȣȻʩС
Էλ棬Ϊ˵ѹʽȣһģھԵʵǰκս̫á
棬һֲͬ
ĽƣΪ޷룬ǻ滹ԪӤڴܶѹΪһΪ߱ᱻƷɡ
ʱС괫㣬С˵԰Զ½Ǹؾǲǻˡ
ɿʱ仯Խ˵ΪѹһЩǻѹΪҲֻʹڵı¡
˿׳ϣҲĴҶҿ԰׷ڴɭֽ½һˣ˵ϸʮ졣
һξûȴԴʮβŻɢ
ʹǻҲסȡʮʱӦû⡣
Ҷ¶ɫ߬߬׳ϵǰǻȥѡһЩýűá
СһĻʹôѶ׳ϳ˳ӣЩԥ
ֻǰжһҿԵģһдͷʵڲоͻȥǡŵ
Ҷͷֱ˾ǰǻȥɣｻžͺá
һǰһʱķȥ
վԭأֱˣĽ뿪һ㶢á
Сû⣬ĽҰɡ
Ҷ߬ʱ㴫潭ҲصĵطĲ
һߣҶ׳ϻص⡣
֮ڴصϢôԸʿ
Ҷ˲ҵĹһæӭȥֶŮ̫ˣ֪ôأ
ǷŹˡ
һңҶ̫ʱˡ
˵û⡣
İٶһǧԷмʮλԪӤڴܣأλ
˵ԷλܣûսʤĿܡ
벻ʲôս˭˭ϡ
Ҷߵǰϣ̽㣬λһ𵤺ڵӣİɡ
㶣ȫȥ𣿡
Щ˴ԼҲֻ𵤺ڣٶһǧСҲûôģİٶ˶һǧҪף
ѲҪѳ
ҶƿЦı飬ĵ׸ӣҪѳ
Ҫĵӽȥ
ڵҲ׹±һž
ҶĿɨˣһ˲Ĳ̣̿κһЩ±޿ɱܣһʿɱɱ磬֮°ѡ
ʱֻ˸ͶҲ治˶ʵ
ܿܣնݳبŲĵ
˵ģЩϣԼžӣһ
ʿɵӣȻŻɽ
رһ۾ˣλ壬ŵùڣһͬУԸģ߾ȫʿģλ
־һ£ʱЦȥʿһԸ⣬һˡ
ǽ𵤺ڣԸС
ǽ𵤺ڣԸʿһս
Ҳǽ𵤺ڣԸӷԸۣҼ԰
̴ͷٵվ˳
Ҷ򴽣ãסʮΪڣڼ䣬һ˳ɱۡ
Լˡ
ȥ˾ֻһҪôʤҪô
ӱ
ʣµһٶӶǽ𵤳ڣ˳Χ֮£ʤӴ
״ٳԼĳźӵƴˣϷǹ
бϼᣬʱȴ͸ż˿š
ҶͷģʱҲ󣬼ʱһصһ˼ء
Ҷߵмλãӻ֣Ϻ̣λ
յľѲҶݻƣ˸ߵһô¡
ҶóʮŶ׷ֱ𽻸ǣ˷Ϊ׷һ˲ٳףԪӤ಻赲λмǣһϵĶ飬ӲƴΪϲߡ
ӹ׷˺һֻڲֶŮ㲻һ𣿡
ҮֶŮٻ׵ı£һŷһնԪӤڴܵףʮ
ÿˣȻһֶŮҩڵԪӤڴܶʮըġ
ĪҪģҵ
ҶԼļƻһֻּȡӲƴ˸һ˷ͷж˸ơ
ʮ־ܺãԷǸ಻٣ǿƿʱ仯׷ֻҪ˵ıֶ֮δûлʤĿܡ
ôɢˣǾǼҪˡ
˵񣬾ץסһлᣬ󲿶ӵʿɱ
ãǶģм䣬һʿֱƴȫ
֣ӦͽԼһߣмλãѰĻᡣ
ҶָһЩͷʿһģλΪܻٴܵѹƣ޷ô˷
ؾܽΪѹƵʲô̶Ȼ˵Ҫ׼
ϸĶ䣬Ҷ׳Ϻ֮˷ֿȥҽϡ
ǻΪ㣬ʿͣһ˵ҲҪ
˸棬ʿ׷ӿġ
׳ϲҶѣΪβһ𣿡
ĸܸʲô
СǲǱѪͷԣûһ˿ʤĿܣαٿѻʯ
Ҷãȡ
ʿȫģؾ֡
ʱһǧ˵ؽģһʿ̤һ̣ɫޱ䣬ӿտʼƮѩ
˶ɫһ𣬸ܵ˴̹ǵĺ䡣
Ϊ׵ʿǺϻڵʶתֿ䣬ȴڵûж
ãĲԾﻰһ䣬ã޷
˸һӰ£½һҳһš


100 
ʿһ, Ŀ¶ϲҸоԼΪֻܷӳʵˣǲҲһ, ǾͶ޷ųʶˡ
ޣǸտǲãҲʹرɫ
Ҷ˽һۣ¶ɫҲǣЩͬˡ
ѾСԼ޵»û֪Ҳ֪
׳ϡ
׳۾ô󣬲ŵôԶ½ؾһ, һģһѵС
´󾪣ĿɨԵˡ
Զ½һУؾֱؾʧ, ֪, Ѳеĳһˣ
Ͼʱѹ˵Ϊ, ٵ
׳ϺѲ, ô˭أǽ񲻳ɣ
һϲҲӡ
֮, ۵Ҳڲ죬ûʲôͬ
Ҷ
ҶѾʱӦ仯ץסƣ˱·, úôͷĸ͵Ϯ, ɱһ˱ӡ
ѭֱʿţȥ̽·
˵̽·ȥ޻ء
򵥵սЧΪĶɣΪ
ʿߣ˲֮ǰؾĵӾ֮ǰǸؾһѩΪ޷ʩչѵģ
ϢҺ
ĸһӦ£һ
ҲҪţϽ£Ҫ䵥ϻڵһĵǽš
ѹĵ׵ĽţΪ׵ǸУô
ŷ飬Īţ֮ǰϢ½ʵԶǣǱѹΪҲ˶ࡣ
ǰΧ֮³׸Զ½ϴƣҵĺϻڵʱ򵽵ĵؼؼ࣬ʵʢΪ֮ס
֮ǻõһϢ
ԭ½̲һţͼһ֮õ½춨Լһŵλá
ϻڿϢŹһͳ½Ļᣬ׳֦
ϾϻһֱΪаûڣʵһֱڵڶھͳ֮ס
½֮У˵֣ʵԺϻΪס
˵һѷϻĵһͺ¿ĵô죿һǰأ
ΪͻȻڣƽȣʧȥƣ̫ûаȫˡ
½٣һ㳲ʤܾ˵ˡ
۾˼ţˡ
һͲָЩν
ֱָڵӵǴʮˣȥǰ濴
ڵ˶ûһ˶
һתͷԸݳϣҲһӺϻڵȥǰ濴
Щˣʲôʱ򶼲Կ
ϻҲһˣ۾һͷ
˱ȥ
ܿ챻ѩǣ紵ֱ¡
Ŀ뿪Ҷ䴽Զ½½һֻǱϵͬһӪﲢŽᡣ
ʹͷٶ֡
ױ仯ĶҪľ滹
Ӧ䣬ʿʱΣ
￴ܣΧļӹſпʲô֡
ڣϢɱ˵ľδˡ
û壬ֻһӰʦˡһµػص
༸ͷҲû塣
һԾɱ۾ĵͺ¿ˣϽôһ£
ֿܣһ÷޻ı¡ɵЩڣøźϻڲµġ
ڵķûô£Ҫ¿ˮģ֡Ƭ̣óۡ
һʱ䣬־˼ֻ֣̽·˻
ߣСһı£ɴ㣬ػصױ֣ȻС߸Ԫȥ͵ϮǶſ
ҶɫƽӦˡ
ʶԸһҲĵš
²ӦˣȴЩɵۡ
ʲô£
ұ´أܺɨһƬ
ʾҲǡ
ֻ޼򵥶Ի䣬Ӳͬķ
ҶʿķͻȻͼ˲ҽг
ұҧˣϡ
ߣߣ
ʦ㱻ιȥˡ
ʿң˼ȥһƬ
ͱˣԾء
Сߣı¡Сۡ
ҿҧʮء
Ҳ߰˸
ǴĽҶĬ
Сһգûιȥææȥģһûɵ
Сҧʮ˵ء
Сһۣж𣬱ҧ˻𣿡
ãȻҡͷޣֲǶߣûжء
С걻Цˣʵţ²ࡣ
ŵĻɱˣϹܻԪı¡
ȴ뵽һ㣬涼ʹԪı£СԽһ㰡
뵽æҶ׳Ϻ֮ԶһЩһԡ
Ҷԣֱӳ֮ǰ˵Ҳоܲǣ
ҿԣɱ̫أǶԶЩ
֧׳ˡ
׳ȴϷķɱҲԣ㽭Сһɡ
ȽɾܾҶ㵭飺ǰиõİţҪĵطкܶࡣ
׳ϳ˳ӣͷˡ
ʧУæСԪЩʿ㿴ǣҵ˼ɡ
ףǾ֮ɱķС˷ܲѣôû뵽ӣСߺͱӣһöûС
ԼͨϤ뷨ѹΪؾҲٿ£ܻԪҲҪҺͱӡ
ǲŲһöûС
޵ı´ء
СûѾԪųʿȥ
ϡ
ʱ䣬ҽ𣬲ͣʿ¡
ԶߵĶҶԷģСļƻС
׳ϻһۣʲôû˵ͷҶߣȻرһãʿĲ״
ɿһü˻Ԫ͵Ϯ
ѵǽȻ
ǰٹ֮Լֻޡ
׳һĸƣԭͻؾıӺڳ
ʿУСɱͻȻһ٣ãҸܲ˿ˣߡ
ӦԪʵ֮ǰ˿
СߣôһûˣԪ̬Ҳάֲסˣؾôһ£ȫλԺСæѯʵ
ͷãȻҲ֪ؾ˲ٿˡ
Сд󺧣ȻԽٿؾѵʿʲôˣ
üȶҽﲻܴˡ
ҪϽȥҶ˵
Ҵ׷ȥ˻Ҷֻ˾ûˡ
ҶɫϾصͷҲǣؾΪѹƸˣ֮ǰȥ̽·ʿӦñǳɹˣʿʣˣǵ
ܵСصСƶϣҶźۼɨһ׳ϡ
δԽٿؾҲؾԭĽƣʹؾѹӵ
ôҶʧȥΪ޷ٽ¡


101 
ѩ, ֦, زֹ
Ҷ۵׵ɣ׳ϣǰڴ˴á
׳æӦһãʼֲ
״ߵҶߣݹģԽֽŵˣֻл档
Ƴ׳ϣʾ
ֻ, ʿλһλǰ
ѲȥɣһҲ̫ˡ
ʿܲٿؾˣͳ, ׳ϵɺܴ
Ҷ΢΢ü, ձ
, СŴ, ҲͷҲѹΪҪ, ȥ
ҶҡͷƽҪóȻжؾܿһ, ϶ȻбĵƣȾ, Ѱһᡣ
γ׳Ϊѹ
Ƕ׳ϵĵϸ֪֮٣óȻһвѶԷƵȥǾͲˡ
񲻹ô˵ϣ׳ϻǵˡ
ֻҪȥҪС
Ҳ׳ôǱȥҪѰһᣬǡʱ䲻ûҪöԷ첻ʲô
Ҳ̽һ̽νĵ׶
Ҷ룬񣺡ʦܻȥʿǱߵĶ׳ϰں󷨣ұȥҷˣƶƻ
ûܽԪ񿿽ƾǼʿļƻʮвȥˣҪలһЩ֣ӳ顣
֮ڸ뿪׳ϾͰں˷ɱ󣺡ҶѣϷأȻԱãһҪΪۣʿˣǿҪŵҵİΣ
Ҷɫǰģһ˻㰲Σؾ˽Ϊ󷨺ܹؼ
Ҫ̽׳ûбĵơ
Ҷô˵׳ϵʱЦǺǵҶ仰ϷͰˣģֻҪϷţɱԲɢҪʿԾͷ
Сᰡ̫뵱ȻˣʱԿͷĻһһء
˼䣬Ĵ߶󷨣һڻ·ȥʿڵķ
ߣʿŸմӾ궯ǵİɱл
һǻûģѾ˰ӣʣˣɳȥҲѶѾʲô˰ɡ
Ǻϻڵʧ࣬Դȥһ򾡡
˵½ûʲô𣬾ͼԪӤڴܣһ滹չض겻ѵϢ
飬ĪţҵϢ
һʲôϢɳȥ˰˳ѾûˣҪ˵ȥˡ
ͺ¿վ˵ۡ
˵ʵеˣôԭһռ½ģĶû߳ȥʧ˰֡
ôȥһ׸Ŀܹˡ
ʱһ˹յС䡣
￴üͷֱ壺ڵ϶˵ʲôĻأҶһϵˣЩòȻǸҸʲôСŲھǡ
£ڼ˭࣬˵صģǲ˳ۡ
վڵȷϢ½ʿҲһûΪûֻǵһ룬˿ǰԲߣѾǽΣ
ԣλڵһĮ
Բۡ
ｿЦһĸ첲ⲻ֪𣬻ΣɱȥˣֻҪǵϢ׼ȷ
ɫȻԻĶ㲻ҲӭϣɨһۣϢ󡣡
һ˷ܵطԸˣĸ첲ߡ
վ˻Ӹ첲˦Ťͷǰ档
ƲƲ죬ﲻмͺ¿װʲôأҪʵʵչذݷ𣬲Щʲô
һƲ궯Ұġ
ߣЩ߻ˣö²٣ƫƫװ£Լһ
ʲô
Զ֮ڶһۣæתܡ
ãʿͻȻû˼ɵһҪٽˡ
ʿ󣬿ٶȲ
ʱƴıܣý˫ȸо⣬ȴһһ
֮һƴȥţһ̱׼ʱ䵢鲻á
ûûΪֻƴȫ
ʱҶſ񱼶ˣͷһݡ
ʿˣٶȺܿ졣ûƽص
ҶȻ̧ͷ׳Ŀһô׳ϣ֦ӳ£̧ͷ׷֡
ΪΪɱۣӷžͶ㵽ϣ෬ҶһҪ
۾׳ϣ˫ڿвͣ仯ƣרĵ󷨣ûйע·һС
˳Ҷ߿˹ȥջĿ⣬˶ӵ˲䣬˶Է˼
ʿֱɱģͶҴ
ȻıԣȻյߵ
֪⣬ԼΪܵѹơ
ϢҲǷֵˣ׳صĻ棬벻ڶˡ
ʶνҶҡͷֹ
ðա
ҶѾۼڴ˵ķˣ򶨵λмǣӲƴλǰǰ棬еӲɢ˺ֻɱ󷨵ʿ
ͷ׷׳ϵķɱ赲һлᣬʿҲпܵġ
ûзҾۼһ˵Լˣ˺һЩΧ©֮㣬Ҳܰ͡
һεֶŮ㻹һӭս𣿡
֮ǰʿϵ׷ˣûǴʣţ̺ͽϸʣš
Ҷ˵ǰ˺Сȥ
뽭ӭУģǿʦӦ׳ϡ
ҶԸһĴ֮ڼ仰㿴
ᣬ뿪
ϻж׷ҶʣʮŶ׷
׷ĳڣ׷ʣʮšС
õ˺ܶߣϪɽǱߣʣҲˡ
ҶԶĶˣ׷ҪãŶԸ棬ǵǵһҪ
ǵãһǺϻڵһڵ
ãھö׷һҶѶ׷ֳȥһ룬š
ӹ֮ó׷ҲϣСġ
Ҷȴûȥ׷ס֡
ָ΢ĸżŷһ
Ҷɫһ㶣ĵĪڴ
񣬴սҰȻһϪڣɺãһϪڣǧգ벻
Ҷͻֿ飬ķҽŲ͸ᡣ
һ䣬ɿ֣üѾǰĴʿ
ЦЦá
ŮЦģĵ׵Ļϲչ¶һࡣ
ûκԥ׷ǰ档
Ҷ󣬴䣬˵á
ɱֽŵķΧǵȴ⿪
ֻҪһ𣬱塣


102 
ԪӤڴܵĶ׷ȥ, Ϊ඼ѹƵʿ˵֮֡
ԭֻŮ޵ʱ, ʿ˵ηͷû˰ѽҶǵĿǿɵӡ
ȵʿΪѹ֮¶˲˴Ƭ
ʱɵӾͳǡ
ΪڳΨĻ棬Ӧ죬ȶ㿪
ѡڵ״һ, ĵһ˼ȥ
Ҷһۣĸȥ
һֶ׷ը֮ʿֻʣһٶӣǱŵӣԸǴ´ࡣ
Ҷں׷, ֲϢ, ǰż, ûзǡ
һ·ɭֵıԵ, ӴóһԲԲĺŸӵ·һָ΢΢ζ, ܱλ̡
ѣĳڱ, ֻҪٵ׷Ǳܳͨ硣
۾һ, Ͽŷ飬û
ûôˣֱΣҺϻڵ˴룬˴˽ȥ˿Ц𣿡
һְۣỤ̄ýһö׷¶λá
һ£һıָܻΪټҶܣ棬кοɾ壿
ƴĴ˶࣬Ϊ
ˣµӣΪѹƣǾԵʤ㡣
棬˲ŵ½
ﶢķŽɵٵ׷󣿡
ȻЩ⶯ֻҪܽ磬ٺǸǱĻ֣ȷʵûʲôµġ
нָǸͲ뻯ڵĳϣǰλʹ
ǲ˻ǣЦЦʵⲼ֮󷨳Աڵһؼ´߬
֮ͽҲʦ̵ġ
ʦ֪֮ܲ
ңյȷеϢ÷׷ֻҪ׷һһԳ
ô˵ﶨ˶һö¶λõ׷
Ȼ׼¡һ죬˾
Ҳ̫ˣóȻȥڵΪҲС
һö׷æת̣Ѱҵڶöλá
Զһ㵣ô׾ͱҵƽ֮ˣ
ȥһӣߵ׷ͶᱻҵʣµЩ˴Щ룬Ա
Ǿô߳ģ½˵һƽ١
Ҷɫ־̣֣ܷھʹ߶ûзʱ򡣡
ܳûλΪѹ֮ʱ˽ʡʱʡġ
ҲõĽ
ü룬΢΢ҡͷܻһˡ
һ˵һʾǰٵĴʼնǻһˣվԭأûҪǰֵ˼
һǰ߶󷨣˵Ҳֻл
ʲôǾֻԴУҲ
һ㣬Ҷ뵽
˶һ˲Ҷ΢΢ﴽ³֣㰵
ػ谵ѩƮɫ򶨣¶һĨǳЦ⣬ŸպײһƮƮ˸к
ڽûзӦʱɿһֱ֣ȥ
ǵᶨıӰ°ɫȹ·ɢεĹâҫˣʧɫ
ԶˣͻȻ߳һŮޣɾ衣
λǴĶЦ֣ģĿҶĶ
ҶɫȻ̼λ
뿪ļƣЦҲٶȦӣ½˻ǺõӣϺУｻˡ
˵գʾϽָλã뿪ġ
ǻ棬ɵӣ˿Ϊܷӳڵʵʱ򿪴ûκƣȵľͲһˡ
ûΪѹƣԸֲ֪Ůޣ͸һָ
ԣΪһŮ޲ֵʱ䣬䣬Ͻ뿪Ҫ
ԣŲæóһɫȨȣҶڽǰ
ӷʩˡ
䣬תӶȨȡ
̼䣬Ȩ볤ӣ̶Ľײ
¿Ҳٵ飬д߶󣬵Żٴζ׷֣һС


103 
, ˡ
ͻͣڵڶö׷ǰ
˷ֹȷһѰҵö, һִ׷ȥ
ŻĶһعһ£ڵȵǽ׷ȵ˻׷һ̡
һǰͷѾһö׷Եڶ죬־ͻӳ
ɢ졣
֮ǰһ
˭Ҳû뵽һ֮Ȼûͣ£, ڲĻϣǹһҽС
ͷƤ顣
ѣֻüôһؿŻﱻһ׺䶥ʬ޴档
ͣ, Ҳˡ
û, ôˡ
ʷ̫, ڶսеֻһ졣
Ҷĵһ, ˣɱ˲֮
סһ, Ϊȡʱ䣬õʱ
һ߻ȨӦҶĹƣһ߳ʵô£
˿, ˡ־ֿ֣¡
һ, üͷ壬ӳȨȣ㿪һЩ
뿪һȣ㲻ܲ˵سһȥ䲻У£οֻһӰ
󣬹òͣ
Ǻã
ķȻǸŮûҲûе׷
ʱΪסΪ˳
˵Ϊ˳еκһ
һ໥Ӧ֮£ܶһЩ˼Ҳ׷ֲԾĵط
ֻһִǱ߼ͻ⡣
üͷֻ˵һ֣ȡ
ôȣȵʲôʱ򣬶Ҫһʲôʧ
λãûӰ˳
Ҫ׷𣿡
Ҷ˽¶һĨЦ⣺һ棬ǺжȻȻȥ
ǳöԷ⣬ҲǿͲµʱֻһΣеڶΡ
ǻ棬οһڣ뽭ûȡʤİա
ð׷ȥϽȥʣµʿ
ͷȽס
˵뷨һ£㼱æظϡ
Уʿ֮ڵһš
ʿ٣ʣµĴ඼ԪӤΪȻѹΪЩȴơ
Ͼ½ߴǽΪֻһơ
˫ֻܷӳΪԪӤڴܵǾ࣬ӦԿ죬һʱѷ¡
֮һһʿϵ׳Ϻ㻹ʲôϽ
ɱأ
ôȥһҲֲá
ϣ׳Ŵ߶󷨣˲һɹ쫷绯εУŻսеϮȥ
ּףɱһֲ
ʿ£Ҳŵӵ¡
֮նһУ˳Ȼ޲𹥻
뿪׳ͣµʱ򣬷ˣй׼سʿȥ
Խ׳ϸı󷨣һ°ɫӰƺܿ췢仯
׳ϴһԼߵĽֿۼսֵҶһϲСѣҺˣȻϷɴˡ
û뵽⺢ѧ˼󣬾Ȼٿķɱˡ
츳˾ϲ
ֻüȫעز󷨡
֪ڲǷĵʱҲǵʱ
˽ϣټҶ֧Ԯָӣʿʼڽڰˡ
Χɱʿⳡս
ȴҶЪ֮Ž£׳صʱһȥ
ϣ׳ϲûгַҲûж㣺ϵܣѽÿϷˡ
Сӵͦǳ𣬲Ÿմˡ
֮ɫڳĽֺãʵǷɱΪεҲ֣㵽ıߵģ
ʮŵӰûʿĽ£ȴ׳ϵ֮¡
׳ϳ̾һ¶ھε¹Ϸ򣬷ž̫ңϷΪֱѹ̫࣬ʵ޷ٿȫԸտʼʱûж֣ӦԵüѣϵִߴ٣ҲðһԣҵĴ
֮Žֽ˽ЩԼ𣿡
һҲš
ǸʿİףҶͽ֮ǰۺͰһûš
֪֮ɴݾߣ֪ǻ棬ʲô׷ʲ
´ݾߣֻµаɡ
Ҷûгֹ֮ڵĽǰͣƵ˲ϡ
Ӷ˶ɿҶҶѣϷֻʵãްİǲսôã˲ţ㻹֪ϷҿǲֹһҰ


104 
׳ô˵, ֮Ľ֪߬߬˶ҶΪ, Ȼǰ˵ȴûжٷﻹᣬҪҶ˼
ǡ
Ҷ֮ǰĶֻ֮һؿڣ²죬ƫֲòš
Ҷ˵׳ݴɣ˵ѹΪ˵ҪС, ˵Ҫݾߣ˵ô࡭
֪ҶԼĿҲ뵽ʲôԼ֪飬Ҫ£ʮŵӰ
ҩڵ, Ϫڵ, Ҳǽڵġ
ѵΪ, Ϊܴݾ, ʮӾͰװ
վĬ˲ɶҶ
ҲڿҶ׳ϵķɱ޲𹥻, ˲Լ˲˵ʮҪи˵
׳ϴ˾, ʵݣҪҪû, ҪҪðսǱвɱһֵܼ⡣
֣Ĳؾѹ˵Ϊô˺֣δò׳ϡ
Ǹᡭ
иͷͿҶ۵һ˿Ȼʶսȴһ˲ס˶
ΪҶ˿ȻŸո֣Լٶûȡ֮أ֮²ԲȻ
ǲڴ˿̶ˡ
ȻɻҶ˼Ϊϸ£ıⶨȻԭġ
Ҷڣ֪ԭʲôˡ
ΪԼΪָˣˣѩͣˣؾʧˡ
ʶѣˣ˵ؾ˶ˡ
ֻһ䣬ˣ֮ǰһԽ޲ٿؾˣҶͬɹˡ
׳ϡ
֮׳ϵΪѾָ㲻ֻܷӳʵǿΪѹƵԪӤڣʵǴ˼ΪĻ档
һ˿ɵǧĻ棬ЩٺĬҲ򲻹
ݺ飬ʿһλһλԪӤڴܣ¿Ѿ磬λٻڣϢ÷Ҷ˵꣬תߵǰ档
ţôһ˲Ҫڳ׳ϷѣȴС꼱
㣬˵ؾʧˡ
һ䣬ҶоΪѾָ
Ӧ׳ϵֱʣĽ״ԼʱؾָΪ
氡
Ҷɫ࣬ǽһֱߣⳡϷòȥ
ʵһС
Ȩ׳
ټҪԵ档
ߣܵС
콣λѾ䣬ɽϸ⾵õ֤
뵽⾵ҶɨԶеĽ⾵ڷڷ⣬춯һֱûͣ¡
˼УʲôͷԺ
ҶŲ΢٣ؼǰߡ
󣬽ԺһǳϤ
һ֤һҪκˡ
ҶĻصãһᾡŪ
߳ɭ֮ҶŻˣŶǿ䱸ҲҪ˿أ±Ϫɡ
˸һֻʣϪڵˡ
֮ڼ״æӧҶʦ㣬绹İɡ
Ҷҡͷл磬Ųɴ⣬ʦܻǾؽڰ߽ɡ
˵ţ
ȻѣӦ£
ҶĲ²Ϊ棬ôǾץס˼Ȩ˵ץסߵߴ硣
ʹ׳λ֪ټǻ棬Ҳš
²ҪҪ졣
ȥֻʣ½ͼʮϪڵӡ
ʲôһܺķۼʻ
콣ڡ
ɽվͷȼʮˣüʵأ
ͣż
ڽⲻ
ٲԷҲǰ콣ˡ
˹֣ƽǰ˾ѸԻڡ
ɽһɫʱȥˣ
ûأûִأ
ôͶȥˣѵʿϢ󡭡
ɽҪʼ䣬콣ڵյС䡣
˼յϢɽɫˡ
ѾˣʿģһһԪӤܣֱ񻰡
ɽҧҧ߷ߵҶôµģȻһϪڵСţɲ¡
⻰һϪڵӶʱ
ΪϪڴӣűڮ٣Ȼװơ
ǰɽϴԲӣʴҵʿʤ࣬ɱһ棬Ȼƴȫ˺ͣʹҲδ
ʲôһڣµʱװڹ꣬ڣϪ
Ϫѽʱͬգʵڲȥ
ʵ˭콣ڵ
ԸˣֻҪηκˡ
ɽһֱһĴ˸ģС䣬ҲҸϷϷձҪȥϪʸҶ֮ס
˵գʹϪڶȥȻҶʦȥˡ
ţ϶˼˵ǣĴϪڵĲ磬ҪҪ֪һ
óһöѶ˵һſĵˣҲҪż콣ȥϪҲֲãöе
Ҷ
Щ˻иҪҪ
Ҷ˵Ǽ£ԺȴֲԾȥɽһȻҶƴȫܳһѾ㾡ıԣûһвܹκˡ
ôһ洳磬˵Ǻ
ı£ûۼҲĵһӦԲףͳˡ
ҩϪϵܣ֮ڣںǱһʲô£⼸űȻһʱϪ
˵ĵ޹ˣԼڹϻֻ֪ҵ콣ڡ
ԸҶ˵ɽϡ
Ȼôţȴ֪ɽʲȰôضԹǰ콣ɽˡ
ߣϪڵӰҶķԸֻǲʼܹĵж
ϪǱߣ콣ڵķ۹Ȼš
ûͣɽţֱԽɽ֮ϡ
Ҷʱзۿʱųʶ콣ڵˣûд߶µ
ͬʱҲյ˽ĴѶ
Ȼ׷ΧɵĻڴǰ콣ЩһҲˡ
ɽϣǺ⡣Ҷ߳
ǿ֮ͣ׵콣ڣϪڱӦ
ɽͨϪɽֱӼݷ۱ƽһʼûعء
֮٣Ǳ㲻ǿˣǿ;Ͳýˡ
ɽճͷģβûϣһûضĻưոݡ
ҶСȻʺЦһҶôǣڼϷ򿪿ھʣϪھô͵𣿡
Ҷõ£ȥæԵ¡


105 
ʿл½, ɽϻǴЩ콣Ϊס
Ҷɽû, ѵ
ɽЦˣȻ֪ʲôҪһ
Ȼ⼸ղͰ׵𣬻˸ա
콣ڲŲˮһյ£ҪȨ
ϷҲ֪̬廯ΪʲôܻҶӦԲףʶȤӦð֮ó, Ϸ콣ڶ꣬ȫ
ûΪ˶֮ףΪ˺콣ĵλ
áҶӦһ
ʲô
ɽ̲סͶ䣬û, Ҷ˵á, òһ
ΪٲҪǹսһ, ſʼͽˡ
һֲʵ֮С
ɽ̬, ҶӦʿ֮£콣ڼȻܣܰ, ɽذɡ
ϣתص̬ѡ
ʼ, ľͲʲô֮ס
ҪסһԤĺƽ٣ҪǼ֮ʿΣ͡
, ŬĽ˵ϺãҲ˵ϻ
뵽ģģȻƴȫ
νĸ֮ײһͷѣ˭һڿ룬⣬ϪԼǡ
ʱڧ֮٣һʿ롭
ǲ뿴ġ
ɽ̲סۺӣȻؿһҶ֪֮ٺòˣǡ
ȻԼҪģһȭ޻ϵĸоĪЩʹ졣
ٲʹҲ˵ʲôˣȻԵе۸Сˡ
Ҷôһ仰ɽһʱŴѶϪҶ֪ޣ²ܣʿ֮£콣Ϊס
Ϣҩڡ
ֱЦˣǰĹɢɽ϶ԽԽȥˣ˸ͷԼ̲ˣҲıߡ
˵£̫оˡ
֮ǰȥԶ½Ѱ֮ʱ֮ûأһǶҶġ
ϵĶӳأ
ɽ
ֱӱշĻ
԰ʱʲôͷûõģʱ򿴵飬
ĵ׸̾ϪڣҶɽ϶ƵĺͿǸӡ
޶żյɽĴѶҲ뷨
еЦеķ۵û
ⳡϷɽԸȥɡ
˭ģоϡ
콣ڵķȥҶ䣬С˵ֱӻ塣

ͬһʱ䣬ںڵ˶յϪڵĴѶ
λǰ廯棬ްԱŵùڣЯȫ¸ϪɽϪڿɱλһʱȫ
ҶѶһһ԰ġ
׷ģϪɽҲС
ϪڷΧڣɹ˶ܡ
׷µ軯棬ǼλԷҲ֪֮Բɴ⣬ҪСĶԷ
˼ˣҶ̣̽㣬ͷ㰵ִеغЩλãÿλˣһ˿ʱѶ
⣬ҪкڣҪ׳ϡ
ÿһܳ
̵ָЩλòÿһö׷֮Ҫ׷ػᾭЩ㣬˲ܷδȻ
ģһᰲźõġЦ¡
ΪʼõĺҶԽһ㣬ȴдҶá
³ִ֮õϪڣҲˡ
ʱ͵λʲôĲȫŷŷΣҡ˳ᢵı¡
ҶȻˡ
ڣҶվԵЩľ
ɫˣվԭɰһ㣬Ϣ
ɽϢ֮ء
Сһɽ㼱æȥѰˡ
ǰҾ֪϶û¶ôֱս񡣡
ֻʮһСһȣȴûжΥ͸С
˷˸ۣ˰ɣл˵Щġ
Сסĸ첲ԥʲôȱ˵ⷲɽܸ֮磬ΪĴ֮һϽ¯ϣ
˵
ǰڵЩӣˡ
С꽫ʱһһ䣬Щŵضŷˡ
ǰϽ¯
Ͻ¯ȷʵϡŹȵ΢΢̧ͩľϲǿͩġ
ʱͩʹ˺ü졣
ֻסϢ
޷ˣһֱغ÷ɽΪΣҲΪܼһڱҪ֮ʱ뷲仹ܻ
䰡۵ʲô۶ϹȣһССҩ¯Źâǰ
ȥɣΪ˲ΪƽϢսңұԴ
лǰС껶ϲϲؽӹϽ¯תͻϪȥѰҶ
һӰ֣̾ϢҲ֪ڷʧȥȴҲڣһ⣬Ҫֻˡ
ֻرʧȥһֻ꣬سɵӡ
СıӰһʱû˵ʧȥ
Ϊڷ缸ʮأһˡ
Ըȥһǣ˹̩񰲡
ֻͦõģţްû˼
ЦȻϵ£һ̾
ϪڣҶȵȻСꡣ
㣬ǱôûŶЧҲ̫ˣҿס
˵ǱҲиˡ
ҶЦЦǣЧˣؽñ˷֡
Ҫ֪׳ϻϪڣʱпܻԪ̽һ
ΪγٳûϢ
ţ̤¹
Ҷ¶ˣЦݣ
һ˵һ߽һֻסҶָ
Ҷ΢΢䴽սԼ֣ѶãôְԴˡ
ɨһܣֻҶһˣǣߵſڣ̧ͷ졣
ĿԲµա
һֶû˵Ҷȴˡ
Բ֮ҹ
ǵδ⣬ԲԻ
ҶǣƴԼѾˣҽղδоס
ֻûȫ
ΪŵƺЩ죬˼Ҳһ£ԼӿƱָ糣ˡ
ΪԼǵǱߵ£ԭ֢
˵Щֻ㡣ƫͷĿרע·ϵӲؽ۾
˸
һȥ
ҶǳǳĻûȫȻΪûɵ
˵£Ǳ߲ɴ⣬ȥҹһֲ
Ҷô˵۵׵ЦʢУ粻˳٣ھͳɡ
һֻɿ
ҶͷȴֻǺЦûж
񣿡
ЦͷҶһ̣̫żϻЩá
Ҷ򴽣ŵͱ
ǵһɽŽϽ
ƿǰУʱ˫ۣĬĬ§ס
Ӻ§Ҷյߵ̾Բ
Բ֮ҹǵԲ֮ҹ


106 
ҹڶߺХ, ԣҶֻĸо
ǵһͬɽʱ, Ҳ⸱⾰
һӱס
ʱҲã̶һ£ľȴѲͬ
ʱֻв¼̽˿ȫİ
̧ͷ£Ҷ︡һĨЦ⣬ᣬ΢ӹˮ棬
ǰ, ɫáӦ
ս˫ۣ᲻صӵҶվá
ģҶԸĴϪڵӼ̻Ϫɽֻ½
ӴóһƴСĽɫСԲ, ⾵һı춯, һı㰲, ʦּϸ, ҶԳƣһѽ״
⾵Ҷǰ뿪ʱĽġ
ҶĲ²ǽ⾵춯κˣġ
ıĴ֮һ˪
һ, Ĵˡ
Ҷӹ⾵ڰУóǰܵϽ¯, ԼԼ常ĵϽ֡
ϵﻺڣرɫ, ӿĿʼ𶯡
ת˲֮䣬ɭϿոһѷ
Ĵ壬һ⡱ֳڣâʢ
ʲôڿ飬âɢȥĴҲصףʧȥټ
ĴӴ˱ֻһƬͨɭ֣½Զ½ͨ
ˣﲻפˡҶ۾ƶ
һô˵ʱһפĲգû뵽ͷ˴˵䣬̽һ̽Զ½ǱߣȴָȥˣʿҲˣ硣
ҶЦͷһμ˵ϹͦȤġ
˹͵ǰԭߣõǻȥһҹû뵽Ȼд˱ʣ簡
ĬӣһЦ
£޹أһжΪ
콵塣
С꿴ӶЦģǳ˳飬̲סڵ˵ǻ𣿡
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
˾š
üʵˣѲɻģǿûôı£Ҫ֤ݣֻҪǲϣŲΡ
ѳɶ֣û֤ݡҶͣ۵
С꣺
Ҳô
жͨû˺֮ǣרĶԸ׳ϺͲˡ
Ϫڣ׳ϱĿָƬ̣͵۾
ŵصɴ۾Ͻóײһԡ
ĵѷʧ½֮䳹ûӵͨʿˣ
ͬʱҲζţǻزȥˣ
׳϶ŹףӶ˶˵ĸӡ
ʧˣû뵽羹ȻܾĴ
˲
Զ½ٻţʵԶԶ½֮ϣҲɢ䵽Ǳȥ
ʱҹҧס
زȥͲأڵĴҲأȻ·߸磬ٴһƬոµ
׳ϵ̾һѶȥ
ӵϢһ㶣ݺᣬزȥˣ
ڵӴ˱ֻܴ½ˣڵĴпô찡
ֹڵҲزȥˣϻڵѾˡ
һ⣬ʧذ
뵽⣬øˣҶ˵ǻزȥˣҲزȥˡ
֪Щ¸ºˣ½ûҶزȥˣҲ֪ŽΣ
ƽһѱһģ۾ָٵŷ飬ͷȴ㵭
ھһ棬һл˰ӣһǱ߷ĵѷûˣڵĵλ¾ʹǰˡ
˥ɰܣˣ˲ġ
λѿɻбĽѸ侲ѯʵ
û𾪺ͱʹлعôʣʶ콣ڿռɽͷ˵
׳ϵԭǣ콣ڵɽˣ˸ãԴҲԸϪڵͷ׵֡
һΪ֮׵콣ڣ磬Ҳý㡣
˵ˣҶزȥˣһûŵҲû취ٹʲôá
콣Ρ
ûһԼˣǶɱ˻ڡ
ɱˣͳˣҲֻˣ˶ûҲǹ˾
ɱȫԭ콣ڵĵӣмܳŹ˳ġ
˱۾ϵķøˡ
ž
ɢһء
һˣãȥ콣ڡ
ҵûȻʹģ·Ҫȥʱˣ޸ĸƼҲס
ߣҶջϪڱյŵĴѶλȥ콣ˣ콣֧Ԯ
Ųһʱ䶼ѯϪڵ˼
ϪҲյ콣ڵȡ
Ҷüһ̻ˡ
Ϫڡ
ֻһ䣬ɽôѡôѡͲ֪ˡ
һ˿ɵǧٶȥҲ粻Ȱ˶ټϪڣıӻǰȫġ
ֻͼ֮
ʱսƴԡ
ֻҪͻƵ˻ڣȻˡ
Ϣȥ
ҩߣֻԥһ£ټеӣȫϪɽͶϪȥ
жֶŮ˵ˣϪɽǰȫģǻʲô
ҩڲȫ
Ҷ
żҲûйᣬһʱ䣬ڷ۶ˣеĸǲ
ϪɽСôҲˡ
һ͸һʧˡ
һͼ󣬱ᱻ
Ժ󣬸վϪڵ⣬һ콣ڵķ
һĵ콣ǱߣĲȥ𣿡
ɽ϶ǧ𷸺Ϳ
˵ʱ͵ˡ
Ҷʲôû˵ֻҡҡͷ
Էǻ棬߻һݷ׳ϣðա
ûһ˿һİվ콣ڵˡ
ҡͷĵױ̾һ
Ϳˣϻ棬˭ȥʱֻɽܻ㣬ϽµϪڣɽڲûա
񵱳ϪһϣֻҪ˻ţйɽϣ
԰콣ڻһأλܲʱ򻹱չزɡ
뵽һ㣬ɫ˼֡
¸ŵģ콣ڵҲǻˣ½ΨһĻ档
廯ҲֻһλһıӮء
Ļڳ˶˰԰콣Ҳһλء
ҪҪȥ֧ԮһڵƬ̣ſڡ
ȻлʤĿܣЩ˶Թǲǲ̫á
ԣɶҶҪ˭أ
Ҷûжֻ콣ڵķûһӰüͷһһȥ
콣׶༪ˡ
֮ڼ״ĬĬߵߣ콣λ桭
񻺻ͷͷء
콣λӦˡ
֮ɫһ𣬿Ҷ֪һ˿ܣҶԹۣ콣Ǳûκ
ɾôţĲ̡
һмŴͷֹ֮ȥ콣ڿܾһһ
֮ô˵СҲĴ㣬ҲдͷڣһԪ񡣡
˵Ĳضԡ


107 
ҹĻ, Ҷûһơ
콣ڱϾ֮, ½Щ̫ģôȥﲻⶼЩꡣ
֮ڵĻҲСδ֮⡣
ˡ
һҶȥҲãңģдͷްԱ⡣
֮ںС, һľ鷢չ¶ܷ׻Ƕ˵ȥһ£˵콣δоȡ
ҴȥӦһҶɫ, ڿ˿ڡ
ɽϰѽ⾵ʱ, ôһ, ϣ콣ʩԮ֡
ȥһ, Աǰ֮¡
˻һʱԵɰ㲻ȥ, ʵڲϼһȥƣڿ벻㡣
ϪҶ˵Ĺǣһиô, Щ˾ˡ
Ҷûסơ
ҪҩڵԴտ, ֪ӦԻ棬Ҹ࣬ǽֳڵҶԵΪҪˡ
һڣ˸ű̬
֣Щϼһȥ˵ϣ󡣡֪ʱ˱չأ
常
ڰ֣ʾҶضԣͬҶȥ
Ʋӣ˶óҪôзԸ棬Ҫô߾ͻһڡ
ЩΪԴϼһ˵Ǳͻ
ҶʮԪӤڴܣ츳ʱպγܻ
Ҷ۵׻һ˿أǹ֮ڣȫһĪҪǿ
常ͷЩǰȥðգѡŽ֮ڡ
Ϊ常ûдͷҲܻԪ
ο֮ܶͻƵԪӤڣʵ常
ġᣬȴƽȷǳŰĵ
һƽ
üȥ
Ϸһڵվ˳ö֮ȥðգԸյԼ
ԣȥŵ
С¸Ǻ£ʱ̣ǲеġ
֮ڲŸͻƵԪӤڣǽڣʵ˲ġ
ǲ֪ҲͻƵԪӤڣʱǿѹΪ
д˹ǣ޿ɺǡ
Ҷ֪ʱ䱦ҲǾͽ͵ʱһ֮ٸ콣֧Ԯգǿٹ顣
쵶ն飬ֱ˾
ͬʱԼıݸζԲСڱһȥ
ӹüЦЦģǾΪǿ
䣬ߣ֮ڽ
ӰգۼʧںҹУҶŽıӰǽ
ܸϲдͷֲ¾ȲˣȫӦû⡣
Ž񣬸ŵġ
ǲ֪ΪΣȴ˸е
콣ڵķϣɽ£֮ڣɽµȺʲôʱ֪ᣬҺСԻԪȥ
˵꣬Ԫ񣬺Сһɽ
֮죬ԭأԪӤڣû취Ԫȥδܰæױ//¶ɽ²Ӧס
ٽҲֻ
ɽϣ콣ڵƻͨȴûʲôɱļž
С꿿֪֮Ϊλôž
ֻǰϵˣǱɽϺɽϡ
콣ڵڻѹȫ˴ǰ
ŷ飬ˣһԲ
ֻһ˵
콣ڵλѾΪԷϣʶ㣬ԹԳȻֻкһ³
콣ڵӸ鱯ֻ֣̿ȴһ˿ڣǽá
ҪɱҪоͿ㶯֣ȻĸأҪǹġɽЦĵȴһƬ̡
ĸΪλأΪγٳ֧Ԯ
콣ѵҪڽô
һԵıɽɫҰܣҹգǵȴʲôڶĴʱлһ˿⡣
ϪڣȻ˰
ɽߣСĴɽǰʹߡ
ϸãԲԲ콣ڣ֮󣬴ұǰ̰ɡ
ɽͻȻһ͵۾ݽ/ҧ/סͷ
ʯ䣬һҹϮסΣҲֹҧ//Ķ
ηСҲ½һȳ⣬һӰ֡
һ£ݳϽӣˡ
Сæ񣺡һǰ̫ˣаˡ
Ȼһԭ͵͵ôͷ±ɽȴϱɽȴ󺰳ôһΪ˲۴ң/ޡ
ίʵǾˡ
ɽʧȥΪ޷нǵ˵һȻ򵥣ȴѵ
Ҫ콣ڵӣǾѾΪ˵
ǵ޷ֻؿһзˡ
ǣԪӤڵܰæ
״еķ飬ٳԼ
ȨȳһָǺηҲ֮£ƶɮձ㡣
ΪԮأԪӤڵСֱ
ҹ紵ɫۣӻһЦѹΪ
һͣüͷ壬Ȼǻ棡
ڵһ
µǣͽ̡
һĻ˵ڣȴû׳֣ڶϻڣӮϡ
СڽС㻹ǵһǰ𣿡
ǵãû뵽һǰȻǻ档ָ֮Ҳ֮һС
ɽȺϢ֮أ෱࣬Žǿĵľһ塣
λһǰǲľһ峤ǡ
ԣľһµ͵峤¶棬ֻŵǺͷǰ֪ѣȴδλǰ
û뵽콣ڴ֮ˣôһλ˵е
ҲǣûлڵΪҲˣϾٶҲ޼¡
ǿдС꣺סУǸԪӤڵߣȴ콣ڵߣɽӦ
ɽŰеĺӰۿӿᣬ૵ǡ
ǲٶԣֱӳȥұƵɽ
üС꣺СߣԸ
ϣֱӳץסļ
ֻһǰȻڣ۾ͷԼ֪δǰȫˡ
һȺ˶Ⱥǻһ㣬ľ
ȽҶһƻΪ
ʱز𣬻˹ȥ
Ҷſ񣺡˺£
Цһû£һλ콣оˡ
ԪӤڣԪӤڣѹΪһֱ㱩//¶٣ʤ㲻ࡣ
ǣֱôͷ׳ϴϪڡ
ȻѣҶȷˣסˡ
ʱ֮ڴɽͱɽλԼ콣ڵӸϵ໤ľȻһȺ塣
ƽϪڣŶûͣһ£Ťͷߡ
ˣ
ĪЩô£ЩҲ̫ճˣǻûлء


108 
СҶȥķ, Ծ͵㣬, ߵĹأʲô¾ˣǾû⡭
˳˵콣ڷһС
ľһ峤߽࣬Ϊ䵭Сͦõģ
Сλһǰӣӿһɳݡ
û뵽һǰȻǻ棬ڹϳ־, ֱ콵ԺЩŵӻô˼Ϊ塣
ͺɱģֻΪֲ
Ҷӹص֪㵣ʲô, ͬ, ҶҲûж, һ⻹Ҫл
򵥽̸, ϵ
ҲعֶŮҪҪ
ΪԼ˸Ķ, ˼ҪҪֱɱʿ
ֱɱ
Ҷ赹ڵصѾΪϣƺûд, أüͷһ塣
֮ǰֻ, ûϸ꣬˿̿˫Ŀյģһ˿
ǰ벽֣°͡
ֶŮϷ־У⡭/Ƥ/ߡΪҶҪԶ֣Ҫ˵Լ;ͳɣͼҶӻȥϽһ㱡/Ƥ/ߡ
Ҳⳡ澪˵һʱžޱȡ
Ҷתͷ񣺡ûо죿
üȻˣλڵһֱҵ׳߰˷
ٽ֮ǰЩеǸ˭Զ׼ˡ
׳ֵܡ
Ƚ񿪿ڣšüͷŹģôͷ
һ٣㼱æȥ
ûпͷӰ
ԣ׳һʼڵģ֪ʱȻ͵͵ˡ
ҶȻ֪׳Ǻʱߵģڽ֮ڳȥ콣֮
˼׳Ͽǻ棬Щ˵ƾΪ޷мܣûнƣ˲źá
ˣ׳ٽϪɽûôˡ
ϳ׳òƣҶ˳Ƶ׳ʿ֮Щǣ׳ɽʱѶ
»óȻ˲ףִ򲻹׳ȥʡ¡
˼ˣĵһ뵽ʲô콣ڵķ򣺡ˡ
׳ϰ˳ȥ콣ˣ
УɫҲһ䣺ȥһ¡
Ҷ¶ɫɫһ£ģҲµġ
ȥ˿һͷˮҶ˵Ļָʲô
Ҫȥʲô
콣ڵ˲Ƕþ
˲֪һЩСܿ뵽йؼͷһ㣬׳ϲȥ콣˰ɣһǰ
ɲǻ
ǻʱһǰԸǸռϷģټһأ
˫ȭѵ֣һǰԸһռϷ磬Ƕأ
ǳ룬һǰΣӡ
ֻȥһ
СĵҶҲĵģ̬ת̫죬һʱǣ˶ඣ䡣
ҲˣĲ˼֡
㣬ҲȥɡСʵǷĲ£һǰˣż
УҪϽȥ
ҶСĴͷԼıҲȥСһԪԪӤڵΪϻ棬ȥҲΪһӦпܳΪǣѵĺȡ
˼Ƭ̣ĬĬ˵ͷһ˲еıһᣬСѾԪ뿪ˡ
콣ڣϵʱȻ׳ϺֶԸһǰ
ֱֲӳ֣Ԫ̬ȻϢΣһ־ͻᱩ/¶ټ
żҲֻܰпѰһ׷
սУ׳͵غ󳷣һξ㿪ʼ
ĻҲ̫ˣŸԷƽ֣һ˶ռš
ҺĲ¸Ȼͽˡ
䣬ȻеĿһ춯ıƸӦʲô
ƾ󣬲ãǽ
׳͵ͣ²ĶѸ߶ٹ֮֮ѪΪȥ
أе׷Ҫ׳ȥһΣŵضԼ֣Ȼȫʧȥ˿ƣ׷ŲԶĶȥ
֮£ֻһһǰߡ
ʧȥʶ
¡һ죬ؿ˿Ϻݺ³һѪսǸ˴󲿷ֵȴʧȥټ
֣Ī׷ȴȥϷΪ콣ڲ»ڴȥѰ㡣׳ϳһСꣿ
֮ʱԪִǸĻ棬λǸˡ
˵Сȥ
Ҷͻˡ
׳üջߣֿʼ
׳Щİ֪λλͻĳϣԼ˾ͺá
Ȩȣûʲô죬˴
һߣһͣɣһطɽ˱ɡ
һǰҡҲ֪ΪʲôṥһᣬȥϪڰɣ콣ڵҲڣɽʶɣһҲл˵Ǹҡ
С겻֪ΪͻȻĻĿ꣬żСֵͣĵǵƣһʱ֮˼Щң֪˵ʲôá
ްʶıɽڵıɽȥɡǿЦЦ۵һƬӡ
콣ڷ壬⣬Ǳɽɽ壬γϽԱɽɽΪš
ڵıɽʶıɽʶǸɽˡ
ڵıɽ֮ʶӦǵõ˱ɽĳ洫֪һЩǰ°ˣǼеĹˡ
һ̾ؿСһۣתȥ
ɬЦ⣬ӵĿ⣬Сһʱ
ŵԶȥıӰͷȻһʹԾ֣ȴֻһƬգʲôûյһǰ
ǰΪܸһֺϤĸоʶ磬/޼䣬ĪϤС
ʱСصϪڣԪ̬ؽСĴһ
㲻ˡ
Ҷ꣬ɢȥ֮ҹòת
񲻻µģһʲôᣬͶС
ҶصžͿǣԼˡ
ˣû¡
ҶǸնеĻû˵ڣ㱻һӵ뻳С
üۺЦյߣ/繵û£ҲԲ֮ҹǸϽ˫/ޣЩͻưɡ
//ס/ĵĺ/ھ/࣬Ҷһ㶡
Ӧ㱻˴ߡ
еıһС괫㣬񲻶Ծ
Ծ
Ҷɫ΢ǰδֱ֣Ҳ
һװ˳ɵϣ¶ɫطųʶ
δ䣬Ϣ糣
ǰȷʵǽ񣬿/ңôеĽ̫İˡ
Ҷҧҧǣ͵̧סĲӡ
䱸ֳɣֱֱضŽߵˡ
Ǻһ㣬üëЦţ۵ƲԲ⣬٣顣
Ұǽ㲻ϵô
Ҷһ٣ڶԷĺЦע£ָ
ǽûǡ


109 
Ҷס, /
һ, Բ֮ҹɴֳֻ
ҶӭŽߣƬ̺۾
ƶȻжȥȫһɴ
ԭЩִתΪ˳ӣıȴ˿δ䣬ңɼ, ͸һ˿/塣
ҹɫ¡
С¹ɣȴᡣ
Ƕõѣ޲һڽ¡
С¹ü¶ʹɫ
ȴŲϺʹ, ֱҧ/һ˿졣
Ѫ/ζһ, Ҳֻôһ, ִ籩ꡭ
С¹ڽס, ϶ȴһ˿һ
ɫ΢Թ˵뿪, С¹һƬǽ塣
ѡ
һϣϵ˲Ż۾
Ҷ۵һƬɫ˿ʲô
, Сǵش, 㻹𣿡
ҹҶݣʶȤسˡ
˼СҪ˫/ޣ˵һˣپý񲻶ԾҲϾҶ˶Эˡ
峿ųȥС괫˼СȴδţͷҲصߵˡ
Ҫ»£޲óȥסһ
ٳûжСʵǵģ㴫һ䡣
ﾲĬƬ̣Ŵһơ£𣿡
С̾˿ⶼʲô¶
ˣ㣬ܽ𣿡
һĬ֮󣬷űһ΢ƿ
ҶţߣʾСȥ
һţСֳҲߡ
Ҷû˵ʲôˣ׳һҪæ¿ºܶ࣬ҲûйԪ̽ʲô
ԶС궯˶죬ֱս֪ͣôڡ
յüģĵֱ̾
Ҷ״ɫ˻ǽ񡣡
ôңô֣ҹ棬ҲҶԿƵʹ
ʹˣŹġ
С뵽Щüģ񵽵ôˣ
Ҷ򴽣ûʹתָһЩԾЩʡ
ҪŽ񡣡
ôһ仰ûСġ
һֱʿأ˺㡭˺أҲֹ𣿡
һֱ
Ҷ˺һ૿ڣ˺޹ˣȻҪֹ
̫̫ҪǷ㹻С塣
ȴˣԥһµûסԼĲ²˳㣬û°ɣ
ܾҹǸ̫ԾˣǱ˿һ
һǱ˿ˣ
ȻôͽͻȻ깥ǰ۸ߣһ¡
Ҷ뵽ҹĽЩȷ
Ӧ°ɡ
ҹʹ֪ǰǽҲ޷ȫȻţĽ̫İˡ
İİʹ˷Ķס˽Ĳӡ
òʱ򣬽ȴɲգһ۾
˵ģҡ
һ˲䣬ҶȻһһֱռϷ硣
ѡ۾ȫϡ
Ĵһ䣺ôˣ
ȴûκλӦʧȥǣֻ֪ռ/Уָֻ֪ô֮Ѫ˫/ޣԴﵽΪĿġ
ܶʱһиӲĳ
ҶǵԼʱĸܣֻǿȥЩܡ
ֻǵԼҲʼת
һΣ֮ûнûκֻΪֹ
Ȼ֪ʲôԣ
㣬᲻ǾʧСƶϵ
ҶһҡҡͷֵͷӦֻʧȥ˲ǡ
㲻ȫʧΪգһ۾ҵ
С̲סֵô죬ôȥ𣿡
ҶһЩõĳĬ֮󣬲ŵֻѰңɡ
ݣҶµһЩӦܿ׳ϣƿأȻҲһ仰͡
֮׳ϣΪӶﵽʲôĿġ
ôҪ
ǼһգۣҶһ£Ǳϰɡ
̸ֽ˼䣬ɫѴ
СԼ뷨㣬ȥ콣ڿɣдͷܽԪ񣬲µġ
һ˵ôɣҶġ
ʱԶԶ˼ŲҶˡ
Ҷձ΢΢ͷȫһ
ϡ
СӦһѾԪɳʮ⡣
ҶüͷһĿһ
һ۾ɫϲǡ
һϣڵɶˣͻ֮ס
ҶԪӤڣͻƾǻڣԵֿΪ׳ϣ½˵Ǻ¡
׳ϼȻô/֮Ѫ˫֮£ȻҲϵһ㡣
ʲôĿ׳ϲϧͻƵҲҪýΪأ
˵Ϊߵĳ̶ȶ׳˵ʹ½ٶһλҲΪǣ
ˣСǸְҪϽ
Ҷûд𰸣ֱֻһʼ
ͻٵʲôԲ֮ҹ
⣬Ѿ룬˷š
Ҷѹͷǣȥš
һߣС콣ں·ԻԪȥҽ
ܺãһ㿴Ҫҵˡ
ʱĽɫľȻһ///ܣȫ׳Ϸʩ
񣬻塣
һ䣬ʧԭأȡ֮һɫ״壬ԲԲģŵȴ˿С
׳ϵЦ֣ҿʲôΪ
ԪӤڣҹԪӤڡ󲻽ıΪ޷ʵ
ΪߵҲ̫ˣ
׳ۺӣЦΪƱ壬ЩӲǹƵٹ֮Ҫ𣬷ΪΪãһͻƵ˻ڣǸǺεȹ⾰


110 
ʹж, Ҳ̲סһ¡
汾һһȫΪ, ǹ⾰ȷʵڴ
ȻҲǻ棬Ͼ已̥㣬Ҳд򲻹ʱһֱͻƻһ졣
ǰİٹ֮ȴһõˣú䣬һ, γ²ɡ
һʱ䣬ʰ־һҲûˡ
ôһɱ֣ûи˵ĸ, Ǿ
, ÿͻƵڣ
˼, Ǹ, ѾûʲôһһէˣǼܲסֱӱ˺·Ѷزȥˡ
˵ڵ, µڣһֱ߸ϣ˾
񲻽, һԼ˶У׻һ, ½˵ĵ
ṳֲ̂ʵ޷סĸоˡ
ĵ׳һ̾Ƕʲô飬˵½һ涼û𣬲˵ֿɵ
֪ˣھͲò͡
ʱ˵ʲôˣֻܼϣھЩˡ
׳ʤȯյֲضǣŮǰٹ֮Ǵ֮壬Ϫһλˮϵľϵศɣ֮Ѫ˫/ޣΪ֮죬ֱܱȡ
Ҫãǲģδûף˯̤ʵ
գһ¡
棿
׳ϻӻ֣ЪϢΪſ档
ôһ׼ǰЩ
طȥˡ
ʱǸ廯ʱͻȻȻ󲿷ֶ˶ԷϣʵǴ󣬾ֻǱһ㣬˲Сˡ
Ҫôǿ޸Ƿʱ䣬ҪôͿҩʡʱʡ
ţӴóһƿƷҩûü򿪷£һգҩȻƾʧˣ
գһ۾˻ͷ
ﻹʲôûУ
ˣ
һʱųʶȴʲôû֣ü룬ѵԼˣ
԰ĵҩȷʵһƿ
аóһƿһ˲һա
ʱ󾪣ֱӳ
ֲˣҵĵҩûˡ
׳һĵӿһɱģϺë˵ҩҪҪ
Сеģһ㻯ȶûС
ô룬׳ȴԣϾΨһˡ
ЦЦóһƿƷҩȥãϷպһƿ
һ飬֪ˡ
˵ҷһطóҩ
ǹһĻ˵£콣ĪʲôɾĶ
ǹǾ鷳ˣԸǿŵĹ겢ó
һ꣬ʶһžܿҲʰ
ʶ̽鲻Ĺ꣬Ǿˣǵֶβơ
׳üĬĬųʶ콣ڣûзֲԾĵط
ѵл滯Ԫ
ܣ
ͷһԼȷˡ
½ҲһĻ棬ҲŸˣûٻԪ̽ʲô
ֲ
׳ϲؾ֪С꣬ȴҲһֱǼ˽
ֻĲ²⡣
׳ɫòͣǵҲûѵ콣ڣڸЩԨԴʲô׽ı£
飿׽
׳΢飬㷲̲סλѵľ״̬
Ǳһ˰ɣ
ʲôʲô
ֶˣϷһפɣٿһ
ٿһ˼ǻԪһǷ˶ڰ
ߵʶԷԪ񣬵ͬΪԪȴͺðˡ
Сһٿһô
ԥʹôͷֱӻصϪڡ
һˣȻ׳ǸͷˣýͻƵڡ
СһҵҶԼһһ
˵գЩ鱻϶ˣǽô죿
ҶĬһʵи˵ϻ
ĵǽ״ܿ׳Ҳ̶ֳȣȫɥʧǣд档
ϣǺߣֱҲǺߡ
С뵽ʱǳ棬˵
chuanһ£ԼһСľͱ׳Ϸ֣ʱ˵̽Ϣֱʦδȥܵظ
ôģҲô˵ˡ
ǲ֪ʱҺ޲chaunǸҸ˵ѽҲϺһ¡Ϊأ
С뵽ʧɫӣֱ֣ã´ɡ
ҶɫֿС꣺С˵ʱ׳ϴ㻯Ԫ񣬻ȻԻԪ񣬵ķһֱҲൽҹʱһȥһˣһ˵ϻǸʲôһҪעⰲȫ
Сһˡ
ģдͷƲԾܡ
˵´λɣû뵽´ô졣
һʱС㻯Ԫȥ콣ڡ
Ҷ˯ߣɴһһߵСꡣ
һߣ׳ϻԪ콣ڲ˸飬˻ľɽҰޡó֮ģӰӶû˵ˡ
ҲʱС¿Ц
Ȼȷʵ˵£ǾͲܵģҪŪԭ
׳һֱԪ̬콣һȦһȦֱЩá
ֻһ£ٻԪһѭһαһϢþãֱҹûз½ġ
ʱչ׳ָеһãص壬Ŀָ
Сʱ׳ϺĿȥҽ񣬽˸գô콣ڣ
ѵȥϪ˫/ˣ
üһڷܡ


111 
Сĵ׻һ, һȦûҵˡ
Ϫڿȥûȥͼ۾
һ, ּ
Ȼ׳ϵĵҩƷҩײļƷҩƷô࣬ڻԵþ͸ˡ
صԼ䣬ųʶһһ
ǿеƿƷҩ
ŵҩԼƾʧһй
Դ½֮ͽܴ죬˵Եʣһֱ޷
ԴӳΪ֮, ߵﶼ˾ܹĲۺʹ
һңʧ˷ִ硣
Ĭţ
šü˼Ƭ̣۵׻һ˿â, ״ƲİѴŵϡ
С״, ųʶѰҵҩĹ, Ŀ, Ѹײڶ֮ܡ
ӡ
һȣŵСͷҲһء
ں׷Ȼ, ԻԪ̬һǿԵġ
ǹڣȻʵ, ´䣬лԪ, Ȼˡ
׷˵ļ϶Ѷ׳ϣƱҪ¡
С걻һŻֻͷӴܣع㼱æʹôͷ뿪
ؿʧڰУڵʲô˵ûûˣʹǻԪ̬Ҳ
콣Ĳɾ飬ס
׸Pֱ˳ΪԽ紫ͷ׳ϸ֮ӰӶûںԣٺõҲ̲ס˾໰
˳Ǽеһ֮ԪֿŴͷȥ硣
ǷҲҪڵġ
ﲻڣǵ㱾ʲô켶׳ϴĻϺûǼġ
ùĴͷ켶Ҫƾʹá
ϧһķýģǰһһŵĸ
һսҶֽʻߣģҲûʣһš
ƽ֮ĴûзһŷǱ켶ؼûӰӡ
͸ɵһһ˿
Ըֶհ졣
ýԹԻõȵƾ׷ɱȥϪڣϧ
׳ҲɹûȫܿԼ־òܡ
ûܿأȫ뿪رǣơ
ҽǶԸĸͷѪ˽񣬲ܰĿơ
׳ϲ֪˲ӣֻܶԽ񶢽һ
ã
æϯضдʣǱûʲôһ
˵ϪڣСһߣҶű۾ͱ˴Ӻ§ס
񡣡ϲתǰȴӭͷ˹
Ҷһ£ĵԥòüϣ
ֱ˶˴ϣȥ
ҶΪҪҹһʱǰȴȻͣ˶
ҶҴ˷֮ȥɽһǰ
ҶһӦͼһͷ
ʲôҪ˵Բ𡣡
·ֻôһĹ򣬽ֺҹһʧǣȫȻĸܣֿʼҵΪ
Ҷ񣬿ȥĲʣвԼǽǽ
ŽҲûиõİ취ˡ
ؿ۱۾ĽϣûŴˡ
Сһ˷ĶĬĬ˸ۣԾš
ȻˣҲŽ
Ȼܿ׳ϣǱϾǽǺһ𳤴ĺýá
ţѵҪְѽ
ˣ׳ϱȻԴУ֪ʲô¶ء
ʵ˵Ҳԣǲ£µǽʲôʧ
Ҳǹǵһ㣬һЭɡ
ɫҴȥһΣСûг
ߺСȥ㣬زһͱץסˣҺҴֻżʱһ͵ϺеĴ䣬㿴
͹ӵĴ䣬Ȧô죬ȦŸӵ·ԡ
ҶŽǾ仰ЦĲԺ޽ȲҪȥ콣ˣⴢţǳȥһˡ
˲Ͳµ˽ǶݵĻΪС¶ټǣ׳Ƭ̡
ȻѾ֣ʱòҪȥ¡
Сڹؼʱдãðա
С걻һ䣬ͷԹԻصŪĴ䣬ûкö
ҶѶһ䣬ôճɽ
һǰ
񵽵Ǻ⣿
Сֻ˷ĶٻͿ˽ǰķɽ
Ͽձ㴫һҶɽ
㣬һǰô֪Ҫ
СͷɻһǰϵҶҹʱˡ
ҲǽѰһǰҶפ㣬һ·ɽȥ·ż壬Ҳû˴ֻͷָæġ
ȻҶһǰ
ȻǲľһĿˣ峤׿룬ǾͲùˡ
ǲ۵߲뷲ɽĵؽ磬Ƿ˲Ż
ɽҶż˴ҿе廯棺ǡ
һ£ɫɣ̬ڣȴƳ׵ˣ˼֮
ǽѰңһھͽ⣬ûкҲû̽˵ɴ࣬Ǹ¹ˡ
ҶվؾһܽжǰնлǰŸм
ˮˮеж֮ƣؿڣȴǰӳȣӦһл
ҲӦסݶ飬ͼ󱨡
ԣִҶۣЦ⣬Ϫڵǳ˸عˡ


112 
Ҷ֪ǰλǰڴԼ, ֻĿվţɫûʲô仯
Ϊ, ΪһȣĻ棬ûίߣҲûоʧ룬ֱ׵شҲûԳݾð
󷽣Ǹҳסˡ
ͣΪ˵λ, ʵѵá
ǶҶֶһ֣η
ҶضˣѽĶȡ߰ɡ˵ţóһ, һ켶ؼ
ʱ콣, ͻȻзϮ, ѱ޿ɱܡ
Ҳһʱ, ûзŽ估ʱһЩȴǱըˡ
̹, һԪѸײڶ֮Щֻüһǰʧ
Ǽû˼, ڽӵɲǱս䡣
ɢȥСԪ̬, Űȫɽ
һǰ֪˭ģĬĬ
Ҷɽʱ֪ȡЩˡ
Ҷؽӹſ˽Լȡʲô
ʮŴͷʮö׷ԼǱ켶ġʦ
Щĵ׵ĵǳɢ
ȫܿ׳ϣձȻһս
۽ûȫܿˣô
׳ýı¡
Ļãֻ׷̫Ӧ¼⼸Ҷ֪䲻ܿ׳ϣȴҲԼ·
׳Ӧû׷Ҳû취ýı¡
еҡ
Ҷ뵽⣬ֳŵǾһлǰû
û˵ʲôĻЩ˵ԵαϾ˼ǲľһ峤ǻ棬Ϊ
ݶ飬պԼӣΪơ
лرһĻᣬٺò
Ŀ¶ıһ٣СǺѣ˼⣬ʲôҪС֪һԲӲ
˻ڽµǺʹǰһʧǰļ䣬ϲš
Сһǵ񣬾֪Լˡ
Ҳˣʵйоصһ񣺡һǰ
˵Ҳ棬Էǰûʲôĸýһ
Ψλһǰһ;òڣԼǰǷ˵ʲôһ
ǵ˵ͷһ赭϶ЩЦ⣬üҲԵࡣ
С꿴һ˲ʹóƿƷҩǰǼƷҩ
۵׵ֶ˼֣ˡ
ؽӹ񱾸һ㣬С걾ʲô¶
Сæ֣ǰﻰζӦõģµҩ
ָΪȥ׳ϰ
ЦЦҲ飬ֱӷµҩǶС
·𲻹СʲôüͷһµسԵ
Ҷɫĵǣֿ۲֪С꣬ĵ˼
λ廯СЩһ㣬۵׵û˿ڣ
ڽϼʱҲ
һ˵ı֡
Сꣿ
Ҷһ£ֲȷش˼ۡ
⡭ʼδ
ֲ²⣬ȥʱһ䣺Сˣ
ˣ˵ӰûССҲû룬ֱӻص
ʲô鷳ˣŲҪʲôء
ҶһⲻϵӣĪͬһµǡ
˲һӣֻҪϲŮҲһġ
Ůӣ
СȻǵӣҡͷĵֱðһǰһˣФ
ɴشûУôˣ
Ҷλǰĵͬһ˲£ֻǺˡ
СȻûϣ͵֪ɡ
Ҫ˫˲ò롣
СĻȴЩ⣬㲻ôԵ˰ѵ̫ˣ
Ҳ԰
벻ױҲ²ǲ뽭ˣ˵ҲýΪˣ׳ǻͷҳƤǻ˺¡
Ҷ
СҶΪܣ㿪Ҳ̫ģҲûȫ׳ϣҹҹ˫/ޣǶ棬͵ÿһ£ⲻ󡣡
Ҷ
Ͳúôһ䣬С˼ά̫ˣϡ
㣬ô˵Ҫʵ뽭ҿ㻯ԪҲȥС겻֪Ҷ͵ǵ£
Ҷԣһ
˼ǣҲԽԪ̬
԰ȻҽҲ㻯Ԫ񡣡СҲǸ˵ô죬̲ס˵˳
ҶϸôڵõȷĴ𰸺󣬵ϵھȥ콣ڡ
콣򣬿˵ǹֻСżȥ̽һ׳Ϻûһ취
ȴһ壬ԭΪҪࡣ
СԼⱻɣ˷ܵطԸϽҶԪǻǣⲻͰ˼֮
ҶĵҲЩȸԾһж߾ռ
Ԫֱ֮Ӹ콣ڣҵ
ֻϧʱһˣ׳ڡ
ԺһЩܿ񼴿ɣĵȴ
׳Ͻ޹ǺƤںãֳý񻭷
ɫľȻ޹ǣ۾գһ¾ͻԼָԹԵͷ
һ׷ܿ컭ãͣۿնشŲ
׳ļشߴٵ
ؼľ켶֮
ֻһӣŻõƤ˲仯ĩ
׳ͳ飬ȷʵˣֱӻ˷ĩ


113 
һĬ, ׳ϿŴ㶵Ľ񣬲ɵó̾һ
, ôͲأ
һΪǽںԼ־òܣԼųֿܡ
ϾҲ̽
У涼ֻҪķԸͻ
׳ϿŽʧҡҡͷһȥרΪҷԸ
ǡ
ʵӦһתȥ˺ɽһ䳡Ͽʼ, һһ飬ǲ֪ƣ롣
ҶԶԶãȷ׳ϺûйעߣĿ񣬴һ񡣡
޷Ӧ, һ
񣿡Ҷյ, ᡣ
ʵǲ, Ҳ˵, ֻԪ
ԭֻ΢΢һ£ָֻƷͣٵһֻǴ
Ҷȴ۾һ, ֪ü
һԪ˵
͵ʹ, ۲콭ɫ
ûκα仯
ҶҪʱʶһ
, ģҲ
Ǳ
Ҷһ¶ˣ˱ܷĲ١
õԼҪĽٶֱôͷ뿪⣬ϻټֻ׳϶Ȼйע⡣
ͱڣԺõϢͨˡ
ϧǱֲ±޲һ㣬ǬʹԪ״̬ҲԲණȴЯѡ
ȻҲñ׷ϣԱʱ֮衣
ֻİ취ˡ
ҶصϪڣСָһϢǾһǰȬˣƷҩǲͬ졣
ӣȻǻûлָ
˼ˣҶ۵˸һ£صֻܷӳԪӤڵʵҲζŶԷֻ׳һ档
лָ۷ڵһǰ
ܳô˻ᡭ
Ҷָ΢գȲһ佭˿״پҲ٣ҲЩ
ܲġ
СһǰϪΣ
һǰ̫£𣿡С죬ĻǺãλǰܴӦ
ҶҲǣ˵Ϊλ콣Σʱ̳ȣ˵ȥɽʱ
ֳ̬Ⱥƣ˼ҲҪ⣬Ҫʱ򾡹ܿڡ
⵽һʱ֮ԻҶЩȷ
ȻȷǱһºˡ
Ѷϲ·Ҳݲԥࡣ
ɫҲüϲɽһһڰʱݷˡ
˵⣬Ҷ㰲ŵǻش
ǳ˼Ƭ̣Ҳãʿ¸Щ
Ϊ˷סģѾֻأܷʿ½ΪΪ
˵ƲʿӦԴΪأһ¶⡣
лǰҶ־Ϲһ۵׻һ˿Ц⡣
һλڣܹŵӵʿҲ常ͷǰĲ١
ҪԺʲô϶ֱӺ͵̣Ʒ䶯ҲüʱӦԡ
˶񣬸ʿҲķ֮¡ǴҶŮòڣ츳ˣҲ񣬿ɼǸ׵ġ
ֻһֱôԳ֣ԵЩ⡣
һ˵ԸγɲһһϦϪڵĹرȽ϶࣬Ҳ˵ʲô
ʵϣҶӻ治ΪϪڵĹء
Ϊɥĸֶϲ类Ϊ常߳Ծش󣬶ԼҪϸּͬƧ˱γԸ
Դ뽭С֮꣬ڵʶıࡣ
ٲ֮ǰ䵭°ˡ
ҶֵһлӭŵһϪڡ
Ϫڣڡ
˰ţֱϪڵԼҩڡڡڡĸŵ
콣ڵǱɽϡ
ǱΪյҶϢ˵ȥλˡ
ɨˣλٺò´еǰЩ˼򲻿塣
Ͼ˼ǻ棬ˣ಻彲ʲô//ǾϺˡ
˵ûп˭Ҷ֪⻰˵˭ġ
ڵ½æ̬Ǹˡ
ͷӲ˵
ϾԳһֱ岻Ը
ǴǰЩԽԽգ׽ҲûȥѲȥ˼ϳɱ
ǲ
Ҵ˷ҶȥԮﲻҶӣһ棬ֲֺõ£ڲŲ
һֱֵĹܱơ
ʢ׽֡
¿ɲ½ĵһ֪̾иڣʢҲ׽˰
ŵĹҲøһˡ
˼һĬ䣬ͼҶһŮӽˡ
һǰŵһݣӸġ
Ͼˣ̬Ҫó
Ȼλһ⣬Ӳզ
ǵûм⣬Цλض񣬲ңճɡ
Ҷֽһݣʾ
ǵͷֱ콣ڱɽߣ治ɫ¡
ˣҶҲǿֱλ
λǰˣҪ̣¹콣ڣڲţԲλһ
һ䣬ĬĬɨ۵ǣֶҶ
Σ˾䣺к뷨˵ֻҪΪ˶Ըʿһûж
ҶԱ˵ԼĴ㣬δ׳ʹǻҲľ֧ϾҲһλ档
֮⣬ıǽˡ


114 
, ڳ֮ˣֻһǰ֪һЩ顣
˻ֻ˱, 飬Ӱ
編ԴѵϪڣҲѶϵ񼸻أûеõκλţҪôæ޷ҪôѾûֻҶˡ
ﲻζƽƽһ, ȴ˲øϪôһӹˡ
ƲЩͷͬ˷ãöԷδָ䲻һ콣ڡ
Ҷ۷, ׳Ϻ֮, Էһ֡
ܿ׳֮, ʹ˵, նս֮ʱҲڵҴôڷ
һ֣
˭Ѳʿ˻߳ģ
һ, ׷׿Ҷ
Ҷ˶٣ǽԪӤڴܣʵ˵, λҪСġ
ԪӤڴܣôЩ죿
Ѱ˼Ƭ̣ŵ۾
Ȼҷͽڵһ˽˭, ǸϪڣְҩڵŮ
ǽ񣿡ЩţĿҶ
Խ˽⣬˵ֻҶ˵ΪˣҲͶеİ
ڣ
ʼǱϪԴ˽ȥģҶһصӣ׹˹ȵףġ
һ֪£ѵСûճɾˣ
˼䣬ҶǱ׳а񣬵򲢷Ըڵ˼ǣǣұܿǡ
䣬ͻȻֱ߽ֱֱҶ·￴ˡ
ˡ
Ҷ棬ɫ֪ѺˣһʱɫҲǰһ˱ֻôһ䡣
ʱһ˿Ҷֿͷ񲻹ʹһŤ˵Ĺ졣
˶һۣĬĬͷ棬Ϫڴĵ⻬ʵһʯģ˵ֱɽͷĴҲ֪λĴֱʡ
һ˶ͷװɵѳ涪Ҷ
ϾҶ˵˽ͶУȿȣˣɼء
⻰䣬û³̣Ͷе˾͹Թˡ
ǱҶġ
Ҷղ˵ʲôţŶŻ˼ֻҪԼˣҲҪȥǽ
Щϵģһ˼˾ƵģĻ᲻Ҷ˼
¼ȻҶΪףȻҪЩӵģ˾ˣԼˣô˵
ô˵Ҷ뽭ĿԣʲôҲû˵ֺʲô˵ˡ
ĬƬ̣ҶһɫˣλǰҲЪϢˣ´顣
ʱˣǸϽߡ
û½˼ˣ֮ʰ
Ȱһ䣬ӭҶһ˫ӣǶϤ˼һͭĿ֮޴Ρ
һ뿪ѧʶȤظ˺档
ҶѰˣ/˴֡
һʱͷˣԳ˶֮
һҲܷˣֻҪΪͷЩСҲͲˡ
ߵֻʣµǻš
Ҷ״ɿλǰĵ׾ɲ
һõ뵱½һ־λǰֻǲͨû˼
ֻ߻еֿܡ
̧ٿһЦֲһ硣
Ȼǵֿܡ
ڣŻزˣЦ˽磬ʹԪҲ޷룬ʲô㣬˵Ҳ
˻һʱиҲЩƷľȻ
ǰ
ŵǹһǻָǣֻ˵ûʧȥǣֻǽƾͼƺŪ׳ϡ
Ҷȴȳ˸һЩһ𾪣һǰ
ǺЦ˵ͷŮȻˣдŮУҪҲܽʿ
ֲøŵһЩǽ
ǵͷҶ۵һƬϲɫģλǰΪֹǻ棬ǾǴڡ
ˣ缸Ҳûгһ
߶ǵ˻ھҲ޷ͻƣڶûܴﵽֻ䡣
ֲڽ׷֮Ҳܻ˻ҪСЩʹѹΪҲ׷
ǵΪʲôҪѹΪأ֮ǷѰд컯ԭطˣֱһͳ磬Ϊ
ΪѹΪԸŷɽһĲľ峤
أԾָϵĴ䣬ıСꡣ
ѵ
ҶֱԼ¶ˣԭ˿ԷƲ·Ͻջֻһˡ
ϧλԴһŲ֪
˯ԺС䲻ش˸磬ƤҲ̧һ¾Сߣǲأ
һԡ
СһС˯ñˮҪˡ
˸ۣ۾˯żأüУ㡣
һһĬǣһˮ
ҹˣҹһ
СҶվڵ⣬ĿӶ𣬷˹һ㣬¶һĨɿЦ⡣
νߣϸ뺣
㣬һû˯ôû
ȻôûЩٶ˵Ķأ
ҶߵһĨϼ⣬ЦСҹȥ콣ڣһȥ
ٵȽͻƵڣҲõԼͻƵڡ
֮ǰİֻ߷֣ڵ֪ǵʵʵ֮ȻʮְգսʤҪһһ䣬ȫʤ


115 
֮, ҹɢ˽ؾ۴
һͱҶĻ˵
ʿ!
ʱͳȥ콣!
⼸ϼһɽ½Ӧ!
Ҷһǰɽ
ɣ˾̫ðաһ, ҶŮҲϪڵδա
һҪȥðգԸԼ
ϷͷɣҶɽֱɡڶԣҶŵϣһиʲô⣬Ժô죿
ǰҶ򲻿ա༸λҲ׷׳Էԡ
һûʿ, ҶиôͿ⼸ϼһ
Ӷ˻ԪӤڣܱȵʮԪӤڵҶ
򲻹ҪȷҶ£˲δϣ
츳, Ǽ˫ˡ
Ҷ, ٱ֮, ڽ, Ŷ㣬ڱͶˡ
ѵõ, һ̿ǰŽᡣ
ȻҪĻˣҪʿ׸ˡ
Ҷϵ˻, Ҳûм֣Ǳһǰһɽ, λһɽ¡
⻰һɫ΢䣬⡭е㲻ʰɡ
һɫĵǣĵЩڣǸϷҲȥɡ
ô˶ߣ˼ȥͷ󣬻ǵһȥоеȰ
̫˰
ǿһС˼ЦЦһֻܶԸλ׳ϣͽͽˡ
ҶͷǾǰˡ
˼ҶӦˣԥһû˵ʲô
˵ʲô
ûбȥԸ棬پûҲţţҪݶ»ȥԼڵӣԺ嶼㣬ܺǰһ̬ȡ
Ȼȥˣޣ˲ǡ
ôɢȥҶһĵǣǰѹΪ𣿡
ȻԵǵı£һӣҪЩȥƺ
ҹҪһɽʱͲµһ㣬ȷЩ
ɫ꣬Ҷָϡ
׼ȷ˵ҶŵĴϡ
ȷʵѹΪ
䣬ͻѾãвͻ
绹
ҶУٳԼıǰ֮ˣͻˡ
ЦЦ۵׵ĸӣⲻװˡ
Сͷˮ˴ʲôأ
˯һϣôɶأ
һǰǻôҪѹΪѲҪѹƵԪӤڣǿ᲻̫ð˵㣿
С꽫ɻʳǱ뿪˴
ҶſıСһǰô
Īģ̲סһ
Ϊһ꣬Ϊ۵εĸӡ
һǰܺð
֮أ㻹бĸо𣿡
ĸо
С˼ߵһǰúÿһΪҲߣĵλ͸ˡ
Ҷɫһ٣أĵ£
СʱʲôأһǰףһŲҵأֻӰٶȡ
Ҷ
⻰Ҳû˵ȷʵӰ쵽˼ҷٶˡ
ˣǣߵĻ̫ѣ
ҶüС꿴⣬һǰĵ£Ǳ֮֮ˣݹ綼ûˡ
Уŵһ
ʲôûʸ
úҲġ
һǰҪҵˣͲ
ǿǲľһһ֮Ƶ峤
㣬һǰܿ𣿡
Ҷ㵻ô·תˣ
ô˵
С򴽣ɷµһǰҪҵ£Ҿǰ棬ŵһ
ΪʲôִҶ۵׵Ц⣬ѭѭյ
Ϊһǰչңҵֶһǰȡءһ仰Сû˼˵Ǿǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ȱ˸л
ҶЦһǰĲһ㡣
뷨϶֮СһЦֱ˱죬Ȼ˯ͿˣͿʼˣһǰ׵˲Ųҵء
ҹԼ
Ҷһһ߸ĽʽСķ֣˵ʲôʶֱӸ߽תĻ˼ճ֪رܿ׳ϡ
˵ڰʱԿԼ֪׳û֡
Ժ𱿱ҶѾӵ˴ϡ
ʵǴҹʱȥ콣ڣ뽭ǲס
Ѿ˺ʱʱֻһʱˡ
ǰǰ㣬˫Ʊ޷
ֹ׳Ǳ߻᲻ᷢ֡
Ƭ̹󣬱ִΪת˵׳ֻܿ沿飬Լû˽˵㲻Ҫ˼ɣԼҲܺŪ׳ϡ
Ҷ΢㶣ԼҲܺŪӦһ£֮ǰΪΡ
Ҳԣ˴κŪΪûдߣҲŪס
ֻ߽Ҳ˻Ϊ
뵽Īһ£һʱ֮£ҧס˽Ĵǡ
ͽӣȻܺŪΪλǰ
˻һüͷһ£ֻδ
˵һʼֻʶ̫ܿԼΪЩ𽥻ָ˶ԼƿȨһ˼ҲݼԼ׳ϾͻˡæĻ͵
Ҷ۾ƿ˸ͷЦԼȥˣҾͲˡ
ſڴϣԼߵסԼı飬һ̾
Ϸȫݼ
ͷϷĺ


116 
ҹ紵, ֦Ҷٽʱ, һ뿪Ϫڡ
ڣС˵Ҷİţ۾ͷĵС
Ҳȥ
콣ڣ׳һ߷Žһתǻˡ
һ糣ΪҲˣӦܷЩˣǲ֪Ϊʲô, ܸоϰµģеҡ
׳ֿ۽ǱߣҹΪߡ
գӦþͻƵˣʱܲٿƴɱķ, һͳ硣
һ뵽ֳ, ׳ѵõ鼤, Ϊһ½, ¡
һԣֲʵ׵ѿǵֳ, ˵Ҳ֪
һнж׳ϳ
ֳģúķѾȥһԡ
һûõˣ
, £ڳһλ棬ǽΪ, û뵽׵ѣû뵽ǻڴ˵زս
ûͻƣϵĵܵȴͻˡ
ڴҶΪڻᷢʲôλ¶˵ʱȴִλջĳʧˡ
û뵽ʧǼ٣Ǳ½档
׳ϲÿɷԶ½˱沢ССʲôĿ½
Ȼ˵㣬Ҫġ
ϾܵóԸˣٵա
հһ뵽ôֻ꣬գ׳Ͼ̲ס
Ƴ׳ϣĵɺϵʲôأ
ѵֳȥü̳ڡ
Ӧòǣ½ﻹʲôڣʲôûˡ
ϼһǱǽģһҲûС
뵽̧ͷ˿ҹɫ׵ѣҪҪһԣܾò̤ʵ
׳бһۣࡣ
һҲûʲôþôһԼˣپδЩס
Ƭأûйһ
׳һ£״ƳʹֳѶϣѾˡ
һ䣬أ
Уʲô
׳¶㵣˶ˣʲô
æľΣ콣ڿɻȫǺʱһͳ磿
һʾ׳ϻعϺԲΪΪЩ
ǡ˷顣
׳ĵײ죬۾ֲһԣ꣬͸еɢˡ
콣ڵĴɢˣ
׳͵ۣվ׶վȥ
׵ѣǿ˴ҪȥĶһ׷ʡ
Ϯ׳һ֮Ѿǰ
ڰУһԾͶ֣׳
ֽƶϣ˲һ
۵ϵĹףкͷһģһ
ʲôţ
Ѷϣ
Ѷϣ
üͷһ壬ɨ۰вһˣɽܡ
Ѷϣ콣ڲܴˡ
½ԲԸʶӵʱ·Ѿסˡ
Ŷס·Ҷˣһתͻ˸򣬺úǰΪϡ
һ˲Ҷ֮ʹôͷֱӳǰٴεסȥ·
Ǽʶ켶ͷȻ޿ˣǾֻһս
ҶϷˡ
ôһգ۵Ĺ򣬷Ѿ׷
һǰǺлȻѶϡ
˳ģսȨȣ˸ҵ
ǣɵӲŸ㵥һϡЦһһӵϡ
ɫȨӭ裬ȴ˵ĺΧ֮ơ
ҽڵء
׳ϼƲԣæϪϷĽֻԼһ𣬲عǰһоͱս
˿У׳಻ʮףǵռϷ磬ɾм䣬ͻȻðһˣ׳ǰ棬õ˹ơ
ǽ
׳Ц޼ɵɱϷȹһذɣȥ
ڳ˲֪Ϊ⣬ܿö׳һȥԼ彣ɫľȻءףֱˣ
ʲô
һ֮Ѫء׳ϴʧɫжھжྪ塣
æƾȻʧˣ
ⲻܣ
ͷҲأֱ£վҶǰ
ɵӲŻȥɴ򲻹Ϊ׳ϡ
ҶﴽһЦɻܿ
ҲЦûôƣԭŻ֪һǰǴڣõŻ
Ϸ̫ݼˣݲȥˡ
Դҹ֪ǵʵΪԺ󣬽ǽŵˣôһ죬Ϊˡ
ڴϣһͷ࣬װ˫/ޣͱסˡ
ҶĽ񣬳׷׳رá
ЦЦ֮ǰ򴽽ǡ
ﲻϧҲҪն׳ϵνͷѪʧмһȻˡ
Ͽգû˺֮ǣƣܿƵ׳ϻԪ
ӣˡ
ͷһ֣ҶǰͰ׷˵ǡ
׷ڴ֮Ѫ·ӳ˫£
Ǹɴسֻ֣콣Ͽյ£عƽ
ɽ£һ󻶺콣ڵϲ
ڿԻؼˡ
ҶһˣλǴ°ɡ
˺Цͷں棬ÿЦݡ
ҶǰĵҶǽǲҲһҵˡ
һ̣Ҳ˺þá
ҶһۣҶҪλ콣ҪôҪæǵݺ顣
ôں濴أǡ
üסҶ֣æģ£ǵ±ȽҪ
˵öԣػûҩˡ
֮ǰɲ˵ġ
˵ģ
˵ʿһ˽֮Ǿͽ
ЦƮɢҹ˿ǰһһˣ
ȿȿȣϷȴӻҩˡЦģɵúܳɫҶҩڲ׽ġ
ǰҲûˡһѺӣû˵һ簡
ѧ׷ת뿪
ǻؽ𣬲ȥ𡣡֮פ㣬һãȻ
Ҷ˵ȥ
ôҶһظģǾʿ𣬲Ҷˣ
ЦЦҲ٣ҶúЪһҲ׼һº񡣡

֮һ£ǰǣֵĽҶ۵׻һĨȻǰ˵Ľ䲻Զˡ
УС꿴ŸظҵˣԾؿǡ
ǿһطɽҪͬأ
СȥҲ¡
ҶӦûɣôٵ׵ĺýá
ﴽһЦ˵Ҳø׼һݺмõóֵĶʵǿϧˡ
˵գߣʶȴ
õó֣
Сסû׼ʲôţ£һǰм
ǸһǰȵҰһطɽɡ
ǰͷҲأȴķŻٶȡ
ɽ£콣ڵڱɽϵʾ£ɽϵķ򳤳һݡ
ȥ˲ߵĶЦգ֮Ҷָߵ˴ţеǰһ¶Ǹڰǰᡣ
һ㣬ŴҶᡣ


117 һ
һ, λϪ¡
Ŷ˵ΪѼʱ, ûʲôˣ˶ڣԺһ±ֲ졣
ѵ콣ڣ˵еλԭˣϵҡ
ƫƫֶȥΪ
ɽ֪ĸѾ䣬Լֳ˷֮һ겻۳û˾񣬿»˶ˡ
ǱɽǿŹ, ȻûΪŻڣǶŷǺԪӤܶûУҲ, ľ֧
, Ҷִõȥ콣ڼγ, ȵ콣ڵһ˳ɳ˵
˻һ, ˲ɿɽϡ
ɽϿҶֱӦˡ
ӦҲûбİ취ˣ, һ˶콣ڣȻ콣ھĳ˸ӹ
ִԹű֮⣬мְ֮, ЩȻ𽥱Եһֱ
æ, ǵһҶˣƴִõδ
ҶҲӦ³֮󣬱ִüмְ֮ڸ֮⡣
ִòʰ˴ǰȨ콣ڳϡ
˵ǳϣҶ֪ݴ֮
ֻҪס콣ڵӳɳִҲһˣʱ˵ˡ
һ뵽ԼΪ콣ڵִõĵһɺ
콣ڣִõĵλһ
ˣ˹̹δֶԵִãһõ¡
Ȼûиˡ
̳Ҷһ֣²¡
Ϊⲻ˻û뵽һһ͵óԸرԶԶԼĸһֵˡ
ⶼҶʱ֦Һˡ
߾ͽһ˵˵
콣ڵ£ĿƵؿҶ
ǵ˰ɡ
Ҷװû¶³̣ҲϪ£ǰЩλˣڽԼڵӣһϣӴ١
һǫҲô
˽ٹ󣬸Ҫ±Ϣ򲻿
Ƿ׷׸ͣﶼףԺҪúԼڵӣǶ̬ȡ
ֻҪ岻˷ˣк޹Ժ涼Ǻõѡ
ţţĿתؿҶ
һĿضԼϣʵʣҶ򶨣ͷȴ
վڳļλһ񣺡һ£ĩн䣬λǰ
ϣģҶͽĴϲ֮գϷһҶ˵꣬Цеؽ˻
Ҷһ䵭ӣʵǸƤģϾһֶŮʱĻʲôϽӦǡ
Ӧǳɣҩڵӡ
˻㶣⽭ҶΪ֮󣬻ҩ
ĸȢĸޣ
ˣСȥɣܽԺıߵˣҩڵĵӡ
飬űȲġ
ǺǺǣϷҲһϲƺȡ
Ȼ
ŵֺǺǵӦ۳СᶼʶȤظˡ
ߵҶǰס֣ЦϾĩˣҲһ£һûӦء
㲻ӦҶԱ֣Ӧһεضţ˵£˾ҪһƵġ
ЦһȦڻͷס
ڴءҶƫͷ˱ܣǡ
ȥȰ֪ҶƤ˾ߡ
ͺһ𣬴ƹһȣԽͥԺžǺ޷
ҶԼֳŽ죬۵һƬᡣ
Ǹѱɡ֮ǰŲһ٣ͻȻСꡣ
С֮ǰһǰطɽˣڿûšҶЦ
طɽˣһ㶣С껹˵ĺýأ߶һкСڱһҶ֮䡭
֪СˣͲؿշˡ
˵С꣬Ҷʳָ˵㽭˵Լ۲ѾõóĴ𰸣ûпһǰӦСġ
ôܣ϶ǿˣһǰʲôˣСǲŵġһ;òס
½ڷɽȻ֪ĵλҲ˽ԼСõӡ
ˣǴˣ벻ŻСꡣ
ҶţʱһǰȻûֱ˵˼ȴˣ֮ѹΪΪСꡣ
ϧС¶֪˵һ
һЩţһǰ˵Ҳ˽ǧ꣬ݴʱйµģҲǸڵǾβһǰ峤һ£βһ壬β
˵һ룬Ȼͣסˡ
βһǰ峤˵ͻƵڵʱûаףǰ˵ǵʱҲڶɽ٣ʲôʱţٶǰСٶǰġ
ɡ
ԼˣС˵ǵλµת
סҶһѾס죺βôˣ
βһѾٶûѡ峤ˣС֮ʱһǰˣԸȡ£Ҳеǲˣϸţ͵һţˣһǰСȡϦۣǰǰĵºҲǽ
ôôô벻
˭밡Ӧ˵˭밡òľһ峤ڵѹΪ꣬Ϊ˵ȵµת
˵Ҳ룬֪˿Ҳʹǰˡ
ǰǴδἰ£ֻǶСշҲǵǵ˼ΪСʩκصӰ죬ѲһԵ
һС곤Ժϲϱأ
ԣСϲϱˣ
ԼһζʮС˵ݣСŮ֮ڣԵǵ˼һҲûиԤʲô
٣ûпβȴҲƶϵóС֮ôȥĶأ
Ϊûг
ĵһ̾ûв´ӦǼյ飬ûѹΪֱӷˡ
Ҳ̫ɵˡ
˵鲻ǿ󣬵ȫһҲǲǿ
ߣԭСͺʧȥһһͺ޲ð˼ңǻʶС
˵߱£ŮûģΪڵġ
µ磬ʵҴڵģСԼ뷨ԼϲãҲûж֮һ顣
ı棬ıǼ٣ֻı߶棬ﲻһƽʱհˡ
һٱİ¹⡣
һУ˲Ϣ䣬ûҶҲúûţСһǰӦճɾɡ
ǰۼһǰСĲͬҲ롣ҶǣȻ
ΪյѹΪؼ꣬˱أ롣
üУʹСꡣ
һǰȻþǣôһİ˻أ


118 
˼һ, Ҷͷļ, ЦӯӯҶ˵öԣ»ҪԼ˲ò֣ԵûԵƾ⣬Ҳþ£˳ҲȥСˣȥһǰ
ţҲȥһǰһЩ, ô˵ˣҶ̧첲սӵڴߣһ̵ľ顣
ЦһȻǸһǰʲôй£ǡ
ҶһĺףʱˣС, 㡭ҡ
, С, ϧŶ, ̯ԼǸϵİ鳡
˵ţͷҶ°ϸϸܵǣּ¡
Ҷ§סļ, ΢΢ͷ˼ƮƮ
ϵİ鳣˰
ܿ, û˾ȥģ˼ûںĺ
ɽ, ˬ𴲴¡
ԣҶüƣҪȥһǰ𣿡
ɤƣһ˿ɼˡ
ۣæȥһˮҶ
ȴǲյûҶӹȥͲΡΡЩ衣
˲ԾضӣһЩ͡
ҶʧЦ㲻֪ƣ춼ˡ
˵꣬͸˸غ͸ˡ
սյȴƲסػڶ
񣺡ⲻְ
ŷһգͶˣƽʱҪ
ǻˣġ
䷢̣ѲյҶ֮ǰ˫ޣ񣬶ٶתûоۡ
Ϊʿ֮٣֮˭û㶼ûʹͱˡ
һϥȫһָ趼˲ȡ
˶˸Ʋߡ
Ҷͷˮָ߬ޱһǣϺˡ
ǸȥɽȺúЪЪһ١˵һ˵˼תߡ
Ҷ³һ䣺־Ͳô
Ÿһᣬû
ʿ첻̣ţҶ֪˭
ɽһֱɽȥ
֪ľһ峤ϲߣɽ棬ȴԹžĳֽƣѰСϲȥ
ǽᵤΪ˽ڲ̤ɽ
Ĭɽǵǵĵ̣ƽʱû˸ȥðλǰ
ʱɽҲֻеһˡ
ڱؾ֮·ȴһβ͵ĺ꣬޾ɵҶ
񿴵˯С꣬Ųơ
վסð˵һǻǺý𣿡СһͦվȴûлΡ
һֻβ굲ǰצץأƣЩըë˼
΢飬ĵҪǲС굱ýãŲһء
ʲôװأ
ұǺ꣬װǣǺþûл壬ء
˸ۣ˵ʵ
Сһ磬;ί
Ҳ֪Լʱǲӷˣʹľ͸ŵǻˣΪŸһĺ
Ҳȷʵ˵Լĵر˳
һ۾ͿһβݣˮķϹ⣬磬һͲǷ
ʱģ
ǼǿβƲ۾۵װ⸡ҪòݣֻǿͨҩݣҲεܽ˵ξûʲôá
СŲ⻰أͨβݣûһúÿ
ҵʲôˣһûʲôõĲڴ
ǱȻܣô˵϶ǲá
뵽С͸Ҫòˣ˵ֲأ
Ϥ뷨ָһ䣺ˣǿͨҩݣûɶãλǰûƭ㡣
СŲţôһɾˣò̫ԵˣԽԽҪ
ǣһ֣صһǰҾҪòݣһˣҲĿ
βΪԼҪġ
ôÿβݣԽԽϲԽԽҪСһֳ嶯ֱӻԪסò
һ⻰ˣ͸˭
Сһת͸͸δ£ڴͷ쿴
ǣĽһ˵ֱ޵С
ûβݾڴͷҪ쿴
üҵδˣˣ
Сû뵽㳶һڣǾȻɰʵף˵õĹ°ء
Ҳû룬ˡ
˵ˣһǰʶʶһҲ֪ˣǲ֪
ΪôһúԵĲݣȥˡ
С궢βݣûвĵ𽥼ִòڱصõִ
ȻҲ͸֪Ϊʲô仰һ˵ڣһǰɫһ䣬ְ˱壬ߵɽ⡣
С죬Щǰǲǣĵһϲŭ֪ľ仰˵ŭ
һˣû취γˣҲ֪ʩʲôط
龭Ϊ˵õǿβݾƭһǰ˵δ²ˣ
˵仰ʱɨɽ
СͷСǰ֪!
С
ǱȻǲܵġ
ûˣҲǿβˣһǰֱ˵ǣʲô˼ģƽʱҲôһһǰӷأ˵ʲôã
Ȼ֪ΪλΪһòݰСԭͣ϶ǲСĶ˾ˡ
Լˣܿйؼ
ǲĵ̯ô鳽á
СۣСôˡ
ûֱɽؿǴġ
СԭץƬ̣ûиŽȥûԼľ仰˵ˣһȥŭһǰָô죿
ΪۿžҪͻƵˣԺܻγˣ˼Ҷǻ棬ǻϺ̫ˡ
ޣ̫ˡ
ǳˡ
ɽǿ񣬵ЦСģ
Ž˵Ĳģˡ
黹ֲôͷŹС꣬Ҫһ̨ס
û⻰ʯͷһǰЦˣ˳㽲¡
һ˵ԼҶ֣һ߸̾˫һҪĸء
мûΪС˵һ䣬ȴֺʲô˵ˡ
˵ˣͲǰˣĽ䣬ǰһҪ
ЦЦĩҺһȥ
˭Ͳ˵ˡ
Ϲһ뿪ɽ̱ڵصС꣬˾䣺һȥˣรɡ
Сһǰ˵ʲôι
ͷҲأܵ÷ɿ졣
Сţ׷ȥнŲһԹã߶һǰǺǰǺˡ
˿γ˰ɡ
ɨһۣĬĬ˹ǣǿβ˳ֻֽСϵԭ
С䲻ػγˣﻹǿβݣЩز
ԭ


119 
ʲô˼, ôˣòݱģ
С۾ɵϴ, ôǵ£
һǰЦÿԽԽδµģ
Сŵ룬æҡҡͷ벻룬ԽԽͣ컹أôˡ
ðһǰƢҲ̫ϲŭ޳Щ
С꿴β, ۾գգϽ˶
û岻һ˾ѧˣڵ췿, ̫ûаȫˡ
ǵ̹, 궴޵ú, ˵ǵ¹ҲΪ
ȫôһкöͶⶴ, ҲûʲôõóֵĶûк񣬲Ŵŵһǰ
û뵽͵ʴ, ûֵö˵ͱ䲻ˡ
Ҳԣջġ
С꿴ͷǿβ, ر۾
ǣ, ƾͽĽ飬ûк񻹲զء
˯УβɢŨС֪޾ʧڴϣβ档
βݷ·˻һϵϹʢҶƬҲԵøչ
Сһ˯ø𣬾Ǿ鳲һ㣬òݹȻͨ澹޾һ㡣
˵ɣһǰˣյĲǷƷ
䣬Сһʲôζ㣡ǿᣡ
Ķڼܻ𿾼ᣬðСȻ̫ͷ϶
¾ͰѼȫûգʾͽ䡣
С걻ζյ˻Σצ÷ɿ죬ֻë׵βͶӰˡ
С֪˭𡭰һǰ˴ˣ
˭ڵΪ֮Сצʱŵأתꡣ
³֡
õģһˣǰʲôԸСʵתڵأȻһء
γˣǲܵģһһǰŭء
аȫС
ѣһ԰ɡɫصݹȥһᡣ
Сһ£ؽӹᣬַӦԼצӣʶͷס˼ᡣ
һͷë׵ģָкʹǰһá
ϸָǰӹȵԼͷһûһµḧţС겻Ծز˲䣬ֽԭأļڵϡ
ʲô
һǰë
þβһδβ츳ʹˣţ
һֱţڿĨЦʱСɵˡ
ôÿһǰҲǲԡ
ôһԥĹ򣬵ǵָѾСͷ˳˱ϣٵҡҡȥβϡ
СĬسżᣬ۾ɵǶ
̲סҫʣһǰԵߵιСߣ˵أ
Сʶ˸ƳβͶҪĴˣЦӯӯǰһǰԼû裬ҸһԺҡβ͵ģ۹⡣
ǣһǰ۹Ȼһһ˵˭ǹأҿʹ˵ľβǼʣ˵һǰʲôãмԡС껰˵һŷӦСǹ˵أ϶ǼûһǼʡ
ó֮մմϲһǰԺǲǾԼһǰҪˡ
ɵֺǵС꣬תͷװģľȻˣûۿûۿ
Լܿͳˣ˵һԣԼȴһδȫ͵Сߡ
ˣǲջ֣ȥ
һնˣǴСԵʳ꣬һβͱ㲻ػɽ
û˵ʲôĻֻͶιһδ衣
СĴԽԽˣͻȻ־һǰҲôã˵趼ߵģһǰġ
ԼĶÿᣬȣҲ̫ˡ
һƮһζ
Сȴûܳȥӵһ
һǰһҲ𣬺ôҲ
ȥǼ֡Էˣ԰ɡ̫ˡ
Сţڴһǳ
Ϧۡ
СһϦۣ֣û˺ˡ
һǰԷء
С˲֣һԾֱܶڶȥ棬ɫĵǣ־Լ̫ûˡ
Ӧٵһģ˵һǰˣǾôɰͰ͵ػһ֡
Сſڵϣ߲ʱŵǡ
ǼԱˣ뿪
һǰ
£פ㣬תĿƵضСꡣ
С걻ôһߵĻֲ˵ˡ
һǰҲ̫ƽˣ裬ٵ
ܲϸ˵ǰɡ
̫ˡ
һ뵽СЩί죺£ǰߡ
ȴûߣĿת
лֱ˵Ҳ̫ǡ
Ŀ˸һ£۵һƬڴ
С΢ͣһǰڰʾɡ
ʾ֮£Ҳ̫̫ˡ
Сĵףǹµ̼һأһҪӲ̫̹ǰ
ĪеšͷǰѵӦ𣿡
þβһδˣôŸ˼ҿһԺء
ָ΢գСĿͣƲ֣ǻһĨЦ⡣
СʱС¹ײһ䵭ˣͻȻôغЦ⿴ʵԵֿ
ðɣԭһǰˣˡ
һǰҡ
˵Цۿ˵һĻ
С껰һ٣ĪЩţһԵˮ˿ˮ
ҶǱĩǱ㶨³ɺãǳ˵£ҲعңסﶼСǵЦŵ
ꡣСպȵһˮֱ˳
ŵŴͣһǰ㡭㡭˵ʲôΪ£
̧֣ؿڣСЩȿˮҲǺţԺͲҪǰˣǱɡ
˵ûпܣֻû뵽Ҫ졣
СʹǰҲǻ
Сһûæסǵ֣ǰô
ôؿڣط
ⲻռı
Ц΢ݻ㲻Ը⣿
Сҡͷֵͷ裿
ôһӾͳˣ
򴽣ҲҪ衣
ˡ
˲Ǹ˼
ôˣΪЩӵΪշ衭
С۾ɴβԲҪ裬Ҫ£
һǰΪ£
֪ʶһ㣬Сʲôһ̻󣬾⾪ϲ̫ͻȻоΡ
Фôãǣ͵͵ôΣҲǣȫûϵοԱġ
С𾪺ͳĬ̫ãõ۵ʧ䣺Ը͵û
䣬תɽȥ
į꣬Ǻ¼ŵɽɫΪһ塣
һǰСɤе㷢Ҫߣæźצվ


120 
Ҫ뿪ת, ʤüµһ˫, ˮ£лôãȴҲ˾òʵ
ɫ糣ûʲô£䵭ġ
ɾڸղţС꿴ẬЦģ۵һڴߵһƬ, ǳԷ
СƮһ仰ӵϲ£ûдɫ
ǻ̫Ʈ죬޶˵ĴԺƳõļ䣬ֱ
ΪͻȻðľ仰, СŵһϮ, һͷ, Сϲɫš
ü, ƲȥЩ˼룬ڵǰ˵Ļ𣿡
Ǵеָһ, ʣʲô
С꣺
ôװɵˣѲһǰѰģ
Ҳ̫̫˰ɣòľһ峤, Ļ棬ôܸô浥ľβ/ĵЦأ
һ뵽ֿ, СʲôʲôŶˣίͰ͵ǰôأղ˵ҪҽΪ£Ͷ³˵Ժ󶼹Ǿˣˡɲѽ
ⲻ۸΢Ҫǻ˱ˣǵ÷һ
»ɵǣСĵ׸̼䣬Եǲҵģ˵λɶģһǿΪ
½бȵΪߵ
ûС
ɼʹһǰҲ̫۸ˡ̫۸ˡ
ԭڿСգգ͵۾ʱ¶һ˿ּ̣Щɻ˵⻹⡣
⻹⣬޷Ǵίζʡ
򴽣ԳУ֪Σ
ϣ۵׵ʧ䣬궼ȹˣ⼸ļˡ
ļ´ɣõġ
;һн⣬СԼѡ񣬵֣ʧ˷ִ磬̲ס˿ٿ
һǰģС껯߽֣ŵסǵ֡
һǰָȴȵģ˲÷ſ
ϤİĴУ̽Լʮָۣһ
Сָ֣޳𪣬ǽڷǰҹҹôһ
ûж㿪ûпڣСһ¡
òּˣ
һǰסˣ
㣬಻ǿ顣ǵܵͣȴּ֣ᶨ
Сһüë΢΢ģ
ô̫أһǰڵһӣѲǺȼپˣ
Ϊţȴ⵨ֱסǵһӵ˻
Ǿ΢һ±˳ӵ§סɵ
СһͣˣһǰΪѰģɲַϡ
ҡǰ
ǱɡļϣɣܵΥİġ
Сκصͷǣ³𣿻᲻̫ˣ
еһже㲻ʵ
ǽĲ죬ʮ졣
ԭȼ궼ȹˣ񲻹ʮյĹ򣬾Щ
СĪ˶һ˱һʱϲͷ֪˵ʲô
ʮ³ĩǽҶĽ䣬Ҳǰպ
һ磬ԥԥһûøʲôء
˵ûΪ˺ʵѹûʲô׼ģǺĶһˡ
ԣڻһŨβݣǲݲͰɡ
С겻ȷţЦް׼ǡ
˻һһ
ǲԾȥСꡣ
С˿Ҳڿ
βһԷƣɣǰɫʢѰ壬һ˫峺¶ǵıȴȷⱦǷӵС
ƽ׵ԳֿͰ͵ζ
жʱһ޷ɬ֪Լżˣʱ˽Ļ¾ûһ˿һĿܣ񲻺ڡ
źҲڣ
ȴСԸһ֪⣬ѾӵڻУҲǲġ
㶣ֱС°ͣ۾һգգضӣǰΪλͻȻҽ£ûǴйµġ
ôһĹǺǰ֣ǻعźɺ̽
ͻƵԻףұֻ¡ҵĵ´ʼն㣬ֻ㡣
Ӧ
˵ˣСֻʱѹеɻ󣬻ڣҲˣֲܡ
ܣؿС겻ɵԳƬ̣ǿаĵ׵Ĵ///
סһǰ£ɡ
ʵ̲סȽԺʲô˳ˣٺ١
Ͼеˣе¾ζſ˫/ˣһµСʱ۾ڴ
һǰ˫/ޣоԼҪԭô졣
СȻû죬ֻǰѼҴӶŲɽǿһЩ
ǣɽȻҲжڵ£俪ɽγһȻʯװεĸ⣬ĪϤС
ʯҵĶʣֱΪġС꿴üۺЦĵǣĵΪİɣʯһͲһһϦܽɵġ
һǰѵ͵͵Ľˣ
ʯҲǵļңЦ
Сգգ۾ֻ˼ˣ
ǿβݱģʯģһǰֻ¡
ڤڤз·ʲôҪȴô塣
ⲻϲϲذңӴһǰӵɽɽ
֪룬ЦЦ˵ǱһŷɽɽĽ硣
ǧ꣬ȴԼͻƵɽʱСҲɲɵض׽١
ǴǰΪ̫죬̫βһ˫/֮Сûܰ׽١
Сת֮ѹסΪ꣬ŷɽҲСꡣ
СڴϿشʮգܺһǰͬˡ
˷ܣô찡
ĵ׵ļѿڶһ˲С꿴Ų˾ʹ˵
ҡһǰ
ţ
ǸǰôˣС꿴ԹԿ½ˣֽ޴
ЦЦҵļңҹЪϢˣȻҪûپǰ֣ܵȵġ
ŶҲԡСʶصͷһǰֲҲҪ˯Ҳмҵģԭʯһǰɽļҡ
ޣʲôԣҲʯ˰
ɫݵػ֣ҹʱʧȥ˹ֻരɫɢһʡ
ֻһ㵥£ߣСߡ

Сҡҡͷæɺã֮һȭ֮
˯ɣǣ˵һ˯ɣҲǣҵ˼ǡ
֪Ҫ¡ǲСĸ첲§
СʱˣҲ˯˺ϵȻҲû˳ǿû£Ǿ̫ͻȻˡ
Ų£βδ츳ʹˣţ
ͬҲ̫˵㣡
洿ĺ𶯰


121 
ĬĬ, Сĸ첲ŲŲ, ˲˱˴˵¶ȣԼ̬ܵһ
С꣺
Ǽŵһ˿ĳһ㣬ȴƻ
һǰͻȻô죿
궼ûܵ˯һֱս־
־
ʲôҪҲա
Сһǲ㱡£ָ, ɢ䡣
ǿ˫ۺͼб޶£鶯٬濴˵ʱޱߵ顣
ʱ˫۾ȴ͸Žţ, Ǽʱеģ
𣿡Ȼ޼Ϊλ飿
Ҳ¡СкȻ˼ֲ, ԭԥֶ̽ʱ˺, һ߬סǰ뿪¡
Ų£
Ĳ
СǼ΢, ǰǾˮ£һжֻǳΡ
һǰôأôΪ, Ҳ밡
ôίˣ¡̧֣, ۽ǣüë
, ỺƶԴʲôϵ䱦һ㣬
СЩʧΪԼķ֣һǰ䱦
ΪʲôԼʳ˿ڡ
ȲڣӿƮĸһҲȲˡ
ŵǵ۾ͼ֪̽ࡣ
΢΢üҽΪңʵ㲻Ըûǿ㣬ҡ
׻ǲǰһ˿һΪѺǿ
СͷûвԸǲס
ǰû˭Ϊ£Ҳ˭͵Ҳ졣
Դ콣һսǿʼƵ¶棬Ÿ߸ϵǰһһЦȻһ˿롣
һ˿޶˵ЩΡ
Щȥ̽
̽ףһδĿ
һǰô䵭ȴ˾ġ
һǰ˻ʲôĵأˣǰһ
һǰµˣ˭ϣ˵ǰйء
һǰĵʲôˣ϶ǰһɡ
һǰĵ¾ͺˣһǰϲͺˡ

ԣûвԸġ
û֪˵ҪΪʱһжϲǶôš
С۵һûһǰôΪء
ǾܲţǱ裬ҲԸġ
ΪһǰΪ°
˼΢ֿ
Լǽ˵ϲһ˵ĸоɣ᲻ԾغԼǷԷ䣬ԱẦ£ΪԷ̫á
һûûεСҲѧˣѧӱܡ
ĵǣСǲװɵ֪Ϊʲô
ԭԽܣһλ
СãȻʧ䣬ɻȻĵһʹ§СĲӣǱǵ£Ҫ¡
˵óһöҩһöε߻ִУǰֻһΡ
С¶⣺ǰ
ЦЦݲȵطµҩΰɡ
ǰǰ㣬һδξˮ
ƽı۾ɫǰΣĵ׵ִ
֪ԼһӣϦҲԼǾβһ
Լ콣ڣǱɽϵ״ӣ츳׿Ĵʦ㣬Ҳδޡ
ʦ̫ʧܡ
ʦʧ٣ΪѰʦ˲δȴڴʱ˻飬תСʦá
ͶԳµĻԼоδȴһٱȣ֮ҩͼ/衣
ǰĴʦ·һϦ֮˿۵ķûʦţδĿΪϣʱ޶ࡣ
ΪԼҪǸҹΣ˫/ޣָΪȬ
ڶձ㷢ҩһҩݡ
һʶ˫/֮βݣֽϦۡ
òݾϲ⣬Ͼ˫/ħаƳ֮
ûҵʦ
ǿòߣ˵趼Ƿޣһó˾Ĳݡ
ǲݻỤΣʱಫһδȡ
ȳ⣺
ỽϦ-
βҵ࣬ʦԭı֮¡
ƳǧһβȴΪ˾
ΪԼֳ˹һˣȴУǵŮ
Ů꣬콣Σķ޲֮ʱβֻˡ
ٴβսӡ˷ɽȴֻһΡ
˵һֻأǰļ䡣
ԭһӣβǾβһ
ʱľһβһͬˮѱǵˡ
ֻģ˴ģǵŮҲڡ
Խ谭ٴνΪ£һŷɽɽʱϦȴ׽֮¡
Ϧ۵ת󣬳ĬذСꡣ
׺ɣת˲ꡣ
콣ڵıɽϻˣСҲ˴ģ
ȴӣ׿ҲǰԵסСꡣ
ֻСԶ֣Զǡ
ȴûסԼ˽ģСϦۡ
ڴСԾɻᰮ
Եȡ
С갮ϱˣģȴǲԸǰԵСѡԼ
ֱã˶ĵ׵ִ
ǰпܡ
̫Сˣ̫֪ô˵Ҳ֪ôֻһԷĽڣ
ѣ۾ˡ
С㶣۾صţˮ䡣
ʧ˻һ㣬ľȻؿš
С겻޵ģǿǰһĻĻǵĳأҳϣ֪޾
ʦ㡣ſڣȱϯĳƺ
ǴǶ˶ЦһЦȴۿһʪδ
Ϧۡ
ʦ㡣Сһѽ§ͷĶͷСԴʧõ䱦
Ǳ˴˵
ƽСͻȻʲôʦ㣬ǻأ
ǻǵŮ
֮ʱŮҲɽˡ
м岢ûһǻصˣǵľҲûǻء
һʱ䵣ӿͷǵŮҲ
ЦһǻˣΥҶɽٳɹͷǻǰһˡ
ɣ۵׻Ц⣬Сͷȴɬ
Ĵʦһ۱ԵºŮ˫˫䣬Ƕôʹģô
Ĵʦһ˳ꡭ
ʦ㡭
Բֻδ˵ڣ㱻ס졣
ЦҺܺãһҲµ
С۾һ׽仰Ĺؼ֣ǡ
ѵ˵
ͻƵ֮ұֻܿأҲһֱȡǲ˲С°ͣϦۺŮ˫˫ת˽磬Ҳȣͷˡ
СͰ͵ǡǻصת˭
Ц᣺ٹգǱһȥμĽˡ
СϲǽҶһҾ˵ܾƣòˣң㣬侲ףһððʧʧĳӡ
Ʋ⣬̿Ҳ㣬ððʧʧġ
С꣺


122 
ǽ
С浽СһĸŮ, Сеܡ
ǽ񰡣Ȼĵ, ǾҲǵŮһ
ȻզأҺ˸ĵ¡
һۣˣʲô㣬㻹ǵŮɣ»ȲҪǰǿ󡣡
ЦÿȴӲ, ǰһģһ
СٺЦֲ֡
ԭԵǵӣ£ô仯Ȼչ
һȴ֪Ҷͽܽ, һ, ˲Ҫ
ɼһֱڹעŽҶ, Ů
Ȼ֪Ǵ, ⲻиһϻһ˿ΣǵŮһס, ȴδζס
Ҳס
С֮䣬̰أ̰һִ, ֽԲۡ
Сǵ飬ͷѾ̵úܺ, ңͳˡ
˭ԼҺգǿʳҲܰŮһֱ֮£ĥܳɳ
ЦЦѽǸðʧӣЩ֣֪ǰ
صƿһռЦŵġ
С궨ҲúЦǵĵʲôӣҲܾ⿴Įġ
ɲô
Ĵʦһֱġ
Ȼֻϴʦ㡣
ĵ׵Ƭ̣С˱ŮСǻذŶڽнˡ
ʦ㣬ϪһˣǵĽٰôˡ
ǰû֪ǰŮˣɣ̲סȥһۡ
ǲȥأҪҡ
˰ôһðʧˡ
˵ʲôȥٰˣŪ˻ࡣ
ȥŮô
Ҳһ·ɽʧõҡ
СϵϪڱ㻯Ԫûоκֱ
ԼŮͨ
Ȼǲõġ
Сڴؿڣһ۾Ϳ˽񣬽һվǰ޹ǣڻ
ͷһϲ񣡡
䣬ȰضŽƣòˣĿ츳ǿܵŮ
պûһŷС꣬Цʵʲô㴵ˣЦôɪǱ˹ˣ
ôˣ˳һǰ˰ɣһȥˡ
СϵЦһԼŮ˴Ȥͷһ⣬һ˵һ֮ҺҲн䣬ʱ
ϣǰˣ԰
ôһ٩ǰŮСһ죬ֵҸͶϣȻƴǰǰ㣬ڸƽ
Ǳƽ
ϡضǺˣˣ꾹ȻẦߣЦ˹
СʱŮ
ЦЦˣ
СˣЦȴ̲ס˵һǰã۹ⲻզأôͿء
˵껹С˶ıˡ
С꣺
ʲô̯ôŮ⺢ӲҲա
ǷǲǣŲҴﶼϲ
Сһ𣬺޲õͰŮһ١
˭ϣһ鵭㲻֪ôˡ
СоˣھͰ⺢ӴвС
Ůֵģˡ
һȰѹ˵㲻ֹһأһǰ׻ء
úúõء
񣺣
˵ʲô軰أ᲻ᰲοˣô˵Ҳ֪жٸǰأ׶ųһˡ
Сһ飬ֱƿڴŮ
˶ʦһֻܿ𣬵˭ʹͻƵ˻
һף
ˣĻӣбף˵˼һء
⺢̫ˣҲգԼᱻ
ʦ˵öԣǰǿֻҪúõľУϲϵģûôҪˡ
ǻĬĬŽҲῴŽһ
С˵һһ㶵ģⶼƫûˣ˷ˣ˵ЩûõģҺĽûˣ׼ú񣬿ſɲа

Сĵģ⡣
ûʲôöʦĺöʤǧĵ̣óЩ˾۾
ԣһؿʲô⣬ᶼһǰɣС˵㣬˰Ҫеãȫ¡
⻰ȻǹȤˣСûһĹĵܽˣҲˡ
ء
첻ԵˣĪǱһǰţƢˡʧЦ
Сһۣ²Ů
ּǺ߳ģеֲ塣
Ȼû壺ʲô¿
¿
ôأΪһǰţ͸ƵģҲ˼һǰɲЦ̧ȣСһš
СɵضڲԵҶߣ治ġ
㶣С֪ʧԣ˸Ťͷˡ
Ů̫ˣȻҪȥҴʦ״
Ҷصʱ򣬽üŵ⡣
ߵߣʵôˣʲôأ
ҡҡͷ£Сˣ˵һǰҲн䣬ǵĺһա
ҶЦһһǰǵóԸˣⲻǺôƵģ
˵üͷģ֪ڳʲô
ŶѲ죬̫ƽ
ǵĽǰСǱҲһý֣ûʲôҪġ
ûɵص̾һҲ֪ܾСеֵֹġ
տʱ־ϲɫʱ͸ŴȰ
ô붼Щ죬˵ġ
ôַҶʡ
ϸƬ̣Ҳ֣Ǻģ˵Ǵ治¿
ôһ룬СȻЩѲǺȼپˣ
ҶòԣЦҪһǰΪˣԾǳѧ˼ǰ㡣
СǸûʲôĻģҲ棬Լ
ҲǣСǸɫͿȾӣβͣ޲óҫҪһǰΪˣǰ۹治զءһЦиǰ㿴һǰ˼ҶǴˣ˴һɴҷ緶СѽԶ
˵ţ§סҶҲĥһ£ʱ׼ʲôҲøСųų档
ò˵Сûĵģֹ֣ЦҲ˵еһ١
Ͼһ𳤴ĺýãС͸׽һ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ȿһǰĺʲôǲ˵Ĺأƽ룬Ųʧ
ΪȻصͷ˽ҪԸصĺСٿĵ㡣
ȵ죬˽ֱӱʣˡ


123 
Ϫڰϲһ, ŵ˶ˣǻʮ˴Ĵ峤, ΪģΪҶǰһԼߵĹء
ǾǸڵӳ⣬跲ͬȼֵı꣬Ե
˲ԸǲԿɾܾ߲ǿִø𶽲, Υȥִ״棬Υһϼӳʹ
ϪڷͷʢҲҶķڷôһز᲻ص˴, 㶼Ӧˡ
߾С, Է˵ȴǴһ׮
ζŴӴԺǲٰǰʹ, ǰʲôоݵҪ, ƴǰ޳״š
, ˴ѡʮжµϪڣ˵ͺ, ԴϪڵӾĸһ㡣
ŵ˼״Ҳ⶯ݡ
˿ǲ֪, Щ۵С£Է˵жҪ
ôһأҲðаʿ˻һ󲻹϶֡
ٿҶʱĵײɸпǧϪأͬ÷ǰҲϣϵĻš
ҶЩ죬һĺѣһд
ܱܷһͬʣֻԼȥƽΪˣͲûܷȥ۸ߵ͹
ȵ˶ˣʱҲ쵽ˣҶ۴֮⡣
һֱվӭͣʱҲδɽ¡
ҶߵǰڵСһǰǱʲô¶סˣܻġ
ЦЦٵһɣ˵Ͼ͵ˣʲô£˳Сǳôһǰķ
ҶҲǣ㽭һţһʱ䡣
ò˵С˽⡣
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ǿЦЦˣͲˡ
˰첻ͳϽټ峤Ϫɽ
ɽȴȥƫƫҪ˶ɽԺſ
˵ʲôҪ˶Ҫǳķ
СЦˣˣߣС汾ɽ
峤ԣ׷׿ǣЦС꣬һ֮֮ģĬĬС
ЩܱˣڷɽΪ峤¸һȺƵģɽһ䡰СǡҪֺǺǵӦš
峤ͷĵһǰӢһͿһʱСҲ̫ˣʲôС꣬컯ҲǾǻ˾һһǰԵģ
峤չؼˣһǵټ˵С£ҲСΪ氡ͽչأ˿̷Ű룺ѹ׵ıˣҪβһСȥ̫ûˣûӵĲֹһûǺɽҲĵò
ɽһ峤ǰ棬ЦòУһǰôͿⲻŵСأжſòŮҲβһСȣɽһСﶥ㡣
һǰҲǸ˰һɫ˶Ҳᱻ欵СۣӴ
󣬿ȸ峤峤롣
۳żʱϣ˼Ҷͽվڵ⣬ڵʲôˣ˻û
ƣ˲ǲ㿪ˣûλλͬһ㰡
ҩںͽһ𣬷֮ڶ˸ɫСӣǵ˭أ
СƨãڽҶãǻӦ֪һЩ˲֪Ϣɡ
֮һڷҪ̲סʵʱ򣬲ƮƮ塣
˭һ㶣廹λΪĪǰӦ˰ɡ
ȴϣ֮ڸĴ𰸡
һððʧʧС꣬ˡ
ɿ⣬Ժ󣬵ۣһһѰɣ㳲
һ幧ҶͽѴ֮ϲʾƷҩö
öƷҩֵ
ҩҲ
һ幧ҶͽѴ֮ϲʾżö
żҩʮҲ
ɽһ幧ҶͽѴ֮ϲʼƷʮϳ˷ۡ
񹻰ҩʮˣ
ȸһ幧ҶͽѴ֮ϲ
һ塭

ѾˣԺϪǰҩڣϪļҵףҩڲ˼Ьģˡ
ˣ
ǲôԺ󶼸Ϫڻôǰ˰ɣ
𾪵ĻزʱСǣŵǵ߽ҲϪڵӳֱҫľһ;βһ幧ҶͽѴ֮ϲϹ˪һö
Ϲ˪
ҶɲĿĴӡ֮󣬱ǰǰԻû֪١
û뵽һǰѾҵ˪պýȱһ彣
л񵤣
ԪӤڷ֮ɻҲ׽١
ʧǧ꣬û뵽һǰȻö
ͽԪӤڣһ˫˫񡭡
Ҷ뵽ģҲ뵽ˡ
һ涼ûУϪһ£ûˡ
ҵܱȣʵҲ˿ɼԺϪڵĵλںҲȲ֮𰡡
Ѿסھһͷһǰ̫ˣҲòһֵĺ񰡡
𾪣СЧ˪һô˼ɡ
ΪŮǰѴʦѹ׵ıóˣļҵס
һۣæ񣺡һǰ񡭡
㵱ãɶҵĹͣôлأСƣ⵹ùӣٻ˺һѣŸơ
һûУ֪Ӧл
񶪸Сһȥǣ˼ǣ岻ǿһǰӣʲôö˪ͻ񵤿϶Ҳһǰģ軨׷Ŀվ
СĥֺŮǷᡣ
ؼ⣬˵㵱ã㵱áЦӯӯؿС꣬תֱֿӡ
ͻȻһѶƴǲæڡ
俪ʼϲ硣
Ҷһݣʽ£ĵ罾һˡ
СżȣŽҶϧʦ㣬᲻ˣ㽭СǻԽԽǵŮ
̧ҶȥŮ˱ͦüԶɽĿǳɫļ´ϣʸѩɽϿһ֧÷ְȻ·ضΪ֮ʧɫ
Сø첲ǣʦô㿴㰡һ㶼񡣡
ǹһЦĸ￴ŮԽԽ⣬ҿ㡣
һϣһĴҡ
С̾⺢һǳˣҵİǷúܡ
һۣʱˣ
Сͷ뵱꣬˫/޸켸ҹû۵ģҿɲԶˡ
ǣ
㻹ǵĴţ
ȿȣûе£ǹ۽಻ССͿգ˵©ˡ
ʵҲֻǴڱﵱŵģġ
ĶȻǲš
СӣѹҾһȻһ
Ƕ˶³֡졣
գһʱʹСˣ˲ŵԼŮĴš
ɢǣҶߣǵˣá
ǰáҶЦ۵ˮƴ˵Ǻӣ٣ˡ
ð
ԭϲʱǻģã벻Ļ
ҶͷĴ


124 
ҹ, ǹɫ
/ţҶ۾Ӧ
һ, //컡
Ҷ̧֣ҹ飬ҵĹ⡣
ֻûл𣬱㱻ס󣺡ţҽ뿴㡣
ֱִ󵨵Ļñһ˿˲͸ա
Ҷһ£Ҳû̧ɽС

ҹãƬȴ硣
ǰδеΪ, ȴֲ̽ǰ
С¹۾Ƭɭ֣Զչǰ

//
˵ָС¹°ͣ/¡
////˺//Ħ, С¹δй
С¹ĵ۾, Ȼӭ˵Ŀ⡣
˵˫ƺҹ, ҫľĿ/, ֱֱض
С¹һͣ߻ӣգ, ǡ
˵ˣ簿ķӥ˿ɿڵ, ûδʼѾǰζյߵ
ĺ, ˶ڻֽһ͡
/ȡ
/̡
-
˵͵һû̫ˡ
ȪǽʵҩYu/ղܡ
С¹ۣĹӰ°ԼȫˣԼĻԽˡ
ѻ갵صĻ۽ˡ
еĽؽˡ
һĽˡ
¸ҵؽУȴҲӵУӵרˡ
˺˵̽һ硣
񣬽񣬽񡭡
Ժֻһֻ֣һ֣Ŀֻóһ֡

ת
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ѣɫȥһſҹȴš
º͵ϡ
Ҷ˵ۿ
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βһĳ͵ͺԣ˯ɡ
ҶûӦѳ˯ȥ
أ۾
񡣡
ôˣһӵ
Ҷһ˿ֹڳҸоҪͻˡ
ڵɶǰƴʱԾ
΢㶣ҹҲûС
Ҳû˫/ް
鵽廹ڱܣܵȡ̰ܵ
Լߣǿתġ
ɢƣ
ҶüӴóö񵤣һ°ɡ
񵤣̼п׽١
ǲܶȹֻǴ˿ϪڣҪ
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ǡ
˻񵤣
ǲ֪ö񵤶ˣֻһö
ڣźӸ̾Ҫһλˡ
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Ҷǽ˶ѡͶԷһװɣ롣
ЦҲǣǵȵҩϣžΪ£һ޺֮ǣλ棬˭еҲФˡ
һǽҪ׼ݺˡ֮۵Ц⡣
ݣҲǣϾˡ
˵ˣݺһݺ˫˫һݺСһǰ֮ϲ
ͷҶ˵òСҲʶһñһݺ񣬲ҲԪӤˣǲǸÿҵˡ
˳ɲţ󶨣Ҳְѽڽˡ
֮һüһ
ɫ⡣
˳ӣһʱԣӡ
ԼҵĺԼ˽⣬⺢İ
ҲգӴˣȥɣʵԶӵ츳˵ǽҲܳһλ棬ˣǧ겻ϴУһ·ˡ
һߣɽ
Сջߣ²ӦǸŮզأҵĵ治
ЦЦûаｭ˵ΪˣȷʵҶ
һҪǵĽˣȥɽӭͰɡ
ȥɽӭͣ˲ɽ𣿽СȥӭСںǽףŲȥء
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ǵЦܿɽ¶
һǰҩڷЯء
ڵЯء
ǿС꣺ȥͳŶˡ
С˴ġһ䣬ѾԶһСȥɽӭˡ
ıӰ̧ۿԶĸ߿գ缸ǧûֹ⾰ˣǶѧƽˡ
Ǵγ֣ʵԥġ
ֻܿأԤһЩδ
Ҷƴȫ֮ΣȴҲʿƣʹøء
ȥı
ȴҶ𣬿˽ûȫԿأʧŵӡ
Ҷѣ
Ĳ̣ԥ
Ůմ
ֻأҲҪ׼׼
ɽ£Сӭ˽ڣͼҶЯ
Ҳ̫ˣͲܵȵ𣿡ôҲѹǳŮǱԶˣһҲ
ЦЦûбֻˣʡ䵽ûӡ
Сһֲۣˣ׼Ҳ޷ֻҪУȥɡŮ˵ûӣЦñ˭ã̫ˡ
Ȥ䣬Ҷס֣ȥݼһǰ
˰һСͳѿ֮ǿ˭Ҳ˭һ䣬һԺýá
ͷãģβ͵Сˡ
˵˭βأ
˭Ӧ˵˭
Сҧ˵һ飬Ҳ㡣Ů
޿֣СβͣҶҾȥһǰʰ㡣ɫͿȾСꡣ
һ㣡
ʹ򣡡
Ҷ
ĵǣ
ֿʼĽС꣬ﴽЦ
ʱ⾲á
˿̣ǵҪǰ
ȫ꡷

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