ƼһС˵ررַwww.677txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ

ǸɽԺ
ߣɽ
İ
һԪͽϪñǣ֮޵һף˼顢
ħŮԷسϲɫ
Ϫʶ鰮ϼòݾ顣
˭֪ݵ̫ɹñɽ飬תˡ
ת޵ǰϪıףǸҲܻӦ㡣
ת޵Ϫ⣬Ǳн䡣
ˣҾᡭ
Ϫ˵ˣҶס
ʵұˡ
Ϫԣ˵ɵ֪鼫
Ա̯ƣʱƭġ
ȻϪԴΨһӦҲš
᣺
š
ݺỨ꣬û뵽һֱӽԼ˳ȥ
ֱܶףΪԼժһѩʵ϶ԷǶʳ˻ʲô顢ʲôɽʲô䵭ٴԺˡ
cpٸһX洿ٷĳħʥŮ
***ʳָϣ
*Ļƫ
*ƪʮϡ
*ȼ𵤡ԪӤ񡪡ɽ١ˣɢɣ
*ͼ·Ϊ飬ޣȺģ2 
ݱǩ ǿǿ    HE
ؼʣǣϪ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ҷ
⣺ԼĿ꣬¸Ҽᶨǰ


1 
һԪڣѩɽ
״ɽֱֱѩɽȥ
ѩɽ걻ѩǣɽĴһ̶ˮˮ֮ųǺɫ˻֮ɱǺ̶ˮȴһ˿֮
Ǻ󣬾˽亮̶ˮ֮С
һŮӣü۱պϣޱϲ
üңϸСˮڽëϡ¿ŰӨԼ͸źĺ
ִ֮һɴ
ģ˭Ҳ벻ģʮ꺮ܰѪ⡢ʹǽʿҲҽĳǺ̶
δ̶ȻƲڱˮеٿȻۡ
ȷǰǺ̶֮ϪƽʼعԼղž¡
ղǹĪŨԼ˫۾Ϫһ˿ã֮ɫ
ʿǸ˰ñ˯ߣϪ㾫ʿǳ˯ߣɴ档
˯ߣȻҲ֮¡
Ȼ֪ΪΣ԰ǰʼϪʱڴĪξ
ǹŹ֣˹Լ׽ʦܼԼԷ֪
Աʦ֮֮ʣϪѩɽϣгŵʱʦҲֻΡ
֮ϪΪߣǵĮǴСʦˣҲǹ̫࣬οһİʦܡ
һΣϪƬ̡
֮󼸴ΣԵԼ֮δ¶ƺ̫Ӱ죬䷢չ
ȴȫͬ
ǰѺǣȴ޶˶ҡֻǶ̶Ƭ̣Ҳ㹻Ϫ
ְ˰ѾĿڣϪٶ˫۾
˫̫Ϫƽ޲ı
⡣
ⲻӦԼ˵ء
˫۾͸ξ
ӦԼûˣԷֶ֪
Ϫиɻ뵭Ĳ
ֻԸעὫ棬ֻѹ£պ̸
̶ƶƵĲ֮ݸ˼ˡ
ʦ
ϪϳϤ̶߳һɾ·ô׽
ۺɫ׷ɵϪǰҲΧתȦС˸£ͣϪģһһģƺǱˡ
ʦˡ
ǺεĻϪ˵ȴһɰͰ͵ģ̫
Сߵصͷģ귽ڿл֡
Сڤؾպʱ
СڤؾϪûб۽΢΢¡
ǰΪȻﵽԲͿԽᵤȴԭһֱѹţֻСڤؾ
ڵȵᵤԵϪƽ䵭ˣ˿ԾƲסӿֻϲ
Խպ̶ˮݹʱɴɽȥ
ɽ嶥ͬҲǱѩǣ¶ȴɽ߲٣ϪĶҲڴ˴
ãѩ֮У޵ĺ裬Ϫ׷źҵ
յſڣиϪϪȵҡ
Ůͯתȴһֻɫӡ
Ҿ׼ϪУһֵϪϪػô磿
ֻѩɽżȻ񵽣ѩ
ѩһֻѩãһΪбϲţȴëɫȴͬ壬Ӷһ֮¶ܳأ޴ʱˣҵϪ
ʱԷѩ﷢ϸĽ·Ϫżһ
ʴˣϪȡѩΪѩɽ֮С
ֽסڹӣϪ䵭һ顣
ȥ԰ˣ߳һ䡣
ԷǰЩ԰Ǳ߽һѣʱǱܡ
˵ͬʱѩת˸Լƽĵطȥ
šѩͷ˵ϪϪҸոյ֪һܣ벻
Ϫܣĵһ
ѩҲ⣬²˵Լġ
˵طϪ÷ԱߵʯϣóһʼÿյĻӽϰ
ĹѾÿ¡
ɽ磬̫бѩҲۣڶ϶˵İԡ
ǰ˵ϪһֶûȥֻĳϤʱ΢΢̧ü
ţǼʦܡѩͷϪϪȤ˵һ顣գˮӨӨͼʦܵǸС÷СΪʦ˿ڽǣŹ浱˱ִõ˴ߡҪ˵Ǽʦܲԣ˾ͺԺ𡣻ҿ϶ǿ˵ʮ˸û⡣
ӨӨСϪ֡ôˣΨһǣֻ˫۾ˡ
Է˭֪Ҳ޴Ӳֻʱ£ѩ
ǰһ仹񻰣һ͡
Ϫս˳ֳһһ߿ڽãѧ
ѩܵӦһ䣺ѧѧ
Ϫģûȥ뵽ѩѵԸ񣬲ɵԼߺԼⴳ¡
ѩʦ
ԲУʦĸԣֻݵ޷졣
ʦ֣
ҲУʦѩ
⣬ཻõˣϪЩѡ
ýѩи˭
ϪԼƶ룬ֻ뵽һطѧá
Ҳʦ͵ѧãʶ
ѩ䣬ҲǸȥѧõȷʵһʵĳ
Ϫ˾ϣҴȥš
áȥʲôѩɻ
ȥѧáϪĽͣպҪһˣԼҪҲܻʱѧðѧϰ
ҲѩܾȻӦ˵һ£ȵȣϪϪҪţ
ϪͷţҪȥؾ
ؾϪϪڿԳˣѩȣ̶˷ܵȥʲôؾĶʲôʱȥҸһȥǡ
СϪڴСڤؾڡβܴ㣬Сڤؾֻµʿ룬ΪߣС
ȥˣѩЩʧӶ䶼ðɡ
ֹۣƬ̣׿ֿʼץһ£ʼϪּۻۣȥؾͲȥҲҪȥѧáϪϪҶֻˣŵѧöЩС޴ĵطôȥһȺ޻һ𣬺𣿡
Ϫ߽ɽ£ҲСޡ
ϪϪôܰҺȺëûСᲢأѩ˵
Ȼۣڳ任ƺǸСޡ
Ҳȥѧãǽ̵Щ˰ѧˡ
ϪԵء

ȷʵᣬҲأһֻҪʲôء
ѩԼȡһ£Ϫȴ᣺Ҵȥѧá
Ϫ˵ڶһ磬ѩȥţְѧõĸϡ
Ϊ渺ϪжԷչܣʱղڣѩҲǳʲô


2 
պ
ϪʱֱԵŶȻվһͷ׳ۿŷмɷǵʡ
ʦϪڣ
ͷ¶ϲ֮ɫԹƳһ۵СϪʦˡ
Ϫûεһһ۵ʦҹġ

εƳһԽȤͽܣԹһʵ˵ѩȥˣ
ѩˣȥѧЩصСϪ˵˶ʣʦң
˵ҳκͽܲϣҲֻա
ԼҲᵤ֮ϲãȥСڤؾѰСڤ档СڤΪ֮ˣΨᵤʱһ֮ա
ס⻰Ѿͬ˵ֹһΣˣҲؿѹΪ
࣬ԼοҲõģҳӦͷʾ󼪣ļɡ
볣ӦԸŷġԷ˵˳
ֻ뵽Էص˵ʲô⾪ϲ̲סɣͷƷϲǾˣ
뵽һ㣬æһ˸ģҲĪҪ̫ģЩ»һЩ
ǣӽʦ̻塣Ϫͷ
ĵ˺һ󣬵ϪĻشˡ֪ǡסʱ뿪ļȫ֡
뵽еķֶһ㡣
ͽܣһ飬һ飬ˡ
ǰ侲ԳֵĴͽܣ뻹һ䣺֪밢ദ࣬飬Ͼʦܣһͬ£ǵÿһЩ
Ϫô˵뵽֮ǰѩ˵׮ԣʦģӶܺʦܡ
á¶οˣʱ쵽ˣȥɣĪ˳ʱ
ǣӸˡ
Ϫתȥ˼ϵĹ㳡ҵӳϣһͬ˷ۣǰСڤؾ
-
ϡ
ϪһνǸŹֵξ֮С
һֻüסһ˫۾ϪȴŶԷ˰ξ
ۿԼǸĵʦܣֶԷģƭԷģƭԷĵر
񻰣
һģɹƭʵΪȥֻʦ
ϪеĽ뾡һʦְ˭֪ȴһΣǰĻˣһΡ
ơơƬ̺󴫳ʦ㣬𣿡
Ÿˣ¶Է浽ǰ
Ϫľţ£
Цݣʦ㣬ҷżϼʦʦǶϲʦþѩ壬龰ʶʦһ۾
ϪϵЦݣ뵽ԷƭˣЩϲֻ֮¾д죬ԲǨŭֻңȥɡ
Ϫ˵ֹ̧ţ¼棬ʦȻ䵭ӣʲôȤʧһ뿪
Ȼܾ˼Ϫûоܾ۾֮¡˰̺Ϣ͵͵ȥ˼װϡ
УԶȾŸɫƶ䣬Ⱥ졢ϡһ𣬹һ׳ľ޷
棬Ϫѩɽնããѩһ飬ʱϼһľ
ʱԶһ
λʦüһ壬һؿķһѸٽӳϡ
нٶȼ죬Ƭ̣ϪǰһҸ󡢸ķۺبǰλεȥ·
ǰĽʦֿƷͣ£һԪɾǰħڵĵѣ
Сһ
䣬ֹ˵Ҳǰ
ǸŮӣԼʮͣʤѩɫɱӡϴŵɫɴȹ˱͸߶ԼԼɼֱϸСȺͳ㣬׼Сƶ
һԪɣǽǹڷ룬ļô¶󵨵ģʱߺƲͷָħƵģƲۡ
ϪȷʵҲŶԷϸһ
׺ŵĽΣзϡ󡢽׼С壬Լŵİɫ飬һһһ飬ʮȷ˾Ƿųеˡ
ϪЩţʶؿԶļһۣȻֱ㶵ض˼ҡ
Ǿò׵ۼջĿ⡣
Ůעⷬ仯¶һ˿ȺȤɫ
ϪѰڽϣڴӵĳһ߼ʱͬʱҲѷϵӡ
Ҹոôˣ
λʲôʱģ

ϿһȺĵӣɫڳҰӲˣϪͼ˻ںÿ˳ٱɽңɾͩ˼ӱ
֮£ŮȴɲѣЦģѽλƢ󣬲ǿЦˣαضأ
ӳգƢ𱬲˵˻Ű壬ƽЩħɣŭȵ˭磬Ůݵú˵
ͷƤ˺ǲ֪ߡҲԼһͣģҲ˼˼Һ硣Ů͵Ц΢ת˼Һλ
˵˶٣䵽ϵĿһת䣬ͣڽ䴦Ϫϡ
׾ϲŵôһɫˡŮسɴ磬еϪǰ
Ϫ΢ŮӾԪӤǰֲø鳤ǰ˵
ƣģȣ˱ѩǣеڶˡŮͷ¶ֽ̬֮һͷϹǸ˼Ҳмֵ
˼
Ϫֳѩ߶ĻٿŮӵĴ磬ʱһ֡
ħʥŮᡣ
ᣬռ˼ףֱǰϪֲֳ䵽ڶ
ԹЩɢ֮˵Ʒò˼
󲿷ʿصĻΪ츳ϪһΪѩ߶˼УǿжԷ츳
˵λħʥŮ츳ѣʮʮᵤʮӤ˵ޣǷ磬֮˳ҡ
ԭԼе˱
ϪжʱһǿҵĶ־ҪԽˡ
᲻֪룬ЦݣϲʶңǽҺϲ
Ϫ츳˿̼̬
츳ʦϣʵΪźѵѰ£÷á
ԣһáϪҲ֪˶ͬһԸҲǿ

˴˻⣿ü΢˼Ƭ̻ĪףħҲһ׮ϲ£ֻϧҸ״ԼԸҼ޳ȥֻίħˡħļʢˣʻˣ¸á
Ϫ΢㣬Ⲣ⣺ǰˣǰκ˽顣
Աߵĺ鳤ۼŮѾʼմڵŵӣ̲סŭˡǻҪ·Ůݵõ
һۣƲȤ϶
˵תͷЦϪⶫûУȥҴ;ˡ
ϪеĮ˽֮ⲻʣܾϪлǰ⣬ϪһԪڵӣŹ档
䵭ӣȫϲ˼
᱾Ҳ˳ƵϷ䣬Ҳûжʧ䡣
ðɣúõһˣҲѧЩϹŰĶƲƲ죬ȱȱһֿۣεļλСأҪһȥ죿
û˵ȲԱߺճϺʦĿ⣬һŭĿһ䵭
ûɵıһԴǵǰ֮⣬ˡӡ
ȱܾỹһƢģֱֻϪͼһۣٿŭðͷĺգϪаɣˣˣԵټ
ͻȻȥҲͻȻ
жԷıֶģκĿģ·ľһʱ
ϪվΧߣ׺ڲԶĻۣ²⡣
ʦ㲻ǲԸ𣿡
Ϫתͷ˵ˣҲδ˵
԰յˣʦ
һղŵЩɻ˲˴𰸣ԷһֻΪ˼
׿ϪһشԼСʦܡ
̹׶ԣúܺãӢʺͿ֮ǡôΪһ壬һ³ĵ
Ϫ˽ģ΢Цʱ͵ü۸һ̤ʵȵĸоӮöԷΡ
Ǵ˿ǰü˳۵ģҲ˾ųȻƽ͵ĳ
ˣ֪ڵıʣĺᡣ
֮´඼δҲȫ޷ȡ뵽ϪһӦʦҪʦְԵвǡ
ʦܡϪǰļȰѰ£һһǡ
Ƭ̣Сʦ⣿
ϪֱһЩʦˣúúôĪҪĴлǲݣˡ
ϪеҪָᣬһ뵽Ȼ˵ģϪҲĪһ
ȴһ˼æ͵ʦ㣬㲻ҪᣬֻСÿʦãжҲκԽ֮顣
˵ɬؿϪһۣϲˣȻһһֻġ
ŶϪޱ顣
⻰߱黹ǰ˱飿
ӲѣǾʦӲѣδʶԼĴ
ܴʱҲܴУǾ͡
Ϫ˿ѾɫӴ﷭һѩĶӲѵʦϡ
ʦ㣿ͻȻסЩ
Ϫصʦܣúѡ
ʲôôѣͼǸԳֵĴʦ㣬ǰһҹ˳ǸݺݵسˢżӢ
ϪŶԷŤεξѻһ˲ɢɿػݴͽ¼ԭػ
Բʦ㡣
ʦϪɣ¡
У˭ܸڷͶ


3 ؾ
һԪڵСڤؾһգطֵգؾڷſ
ڼϪһֱûټᣬǼħڵӡӣ϶һģϪһ۽硣
һ߼ԼҲյΪһֱؾʱŹŲϪߣݸһݵͼ
ϪеĵͼʦܷĿбӵģյƹȻС
ҪߣϪڽסˣȵȡ
ͣ£ɻֽŵؿϪԷӴͶϤʱʱɴ˫ۣһĨ麹Ӷǻ䡣
ʦʦ㣿ѹס˵ĳ嶯
Ϫûע⵽Ĺ飬ֵݸһֻֽףŷΣɼյϢҵ㡣
ӹֽףöлʦ㡣
Ϫͷؾڡ
̤ڵ˲䣬Ϫ㱼ǵԼƺһ¡
ϸ룬ͨʧغͺڰջרע
Լָǰ˹Χ֮ǰŨࡣ
Ϫ֪ԼѾؾֻ͵ĵص㲻ôá
Ϫ弫׹䣬ڽʱȵǰѽѲ֪١
·һ俴ƽȴ֪Ǳصľ޴Σ
Ϫ廹ڴֱ䣬ۼԼֻ֮˲ʮ׵ľ룬ϪϣѸٴӴóһ
ͬʱȻðһ̴ͨľߣѪֱ
Ϫִֻӽɨھϣ޵жܿߵĴڣ˲ҽڴߵһţڰϡ
Ǿ߲֪޻ԭ򣬼Զˮ㲻׷ϰϪңң
˻˻
߳Ϫš
ϪսеĽ尵Ծѡ
߼״ʱ˻˻˻˻˻˻
ϪɨɨΧĻѸٷʽ
۷ߣ޾еƣ֮ͬ±һʿѶԸ
ϪҲǴ򲻹ֻǻ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣壬ʺϸǿս
ˣ˵ʵϪ˿ʵԸ¡
ߵ̬ƺҲˣϪûϾ쵽Σա
׺Ϫ̽Եһûж
Ϫһش˷Ӧ
ֻˮµβͺȻһ˦һ޴ˮϪͷϷȥ
ϪӦرܿ塣
ûˡ
ǿ˶ԴƲֵء˻
ϪѩʱΪ㣬ûԻԵչСʱһϪѧͨ޵ıĻ
Ϫϸ۲һ¶Էı飬һ߲²ڱ𣿡
˻
תתԴ¶ϪŹİ
ϪΪҲ
˻˻
תȦ
Ϫ˫пһί
޿ŴȴСһ㣬Ϫ½䱸
ǸҸոΪҪңԲ취ԱϪ͵
Ҳ֪ûЩϪС̣ǿŴɫԴִһð˳Ϫһˮ
һļǿߡ
Ϫޱۡ
ߴԼǸɾģϵˮûŵζ
Ϫֻü漴ʩԼϵˮþԼʰɾ
һУʱЪ뿪˼Ѱһλ£óͼʼо
ؾǰһŵͼǰʦҲһݵͼûм׼ϸֻԱ˼λá
ϪԱ֮ѡ˼һͼ
ڵλǱĺؾƫϵķ򣬶ҪȥҵСڤؾλá
㣬ֻ֮Ҫű߾ͺãϪ򵥴ֱضн·ߡ
о׵Ϫպõͼһ߱Ŀһߵȴĵˮ졣
֮ǰ֮ʱͿĿҪˮԭϪˮô߱ԲԷ
Ϫ뷨ȴһ䣬Լ䲻Ҫȴûȥѩ
ˮΪˮֲˮʿмĺôѩֻӣˮȻҲкô
֮⣬ˮ֮Ϊ߶Ϊ֣бĿܡ
ˮʳ֮нⶾĹЧ嶾һζҪֲյ߶ԽԽǿˮƷҲԽߡ
еˮ仹δţӻϵĺɫƿҲļֲ
ļֲ
Ϫʶԡ
ļֲڽʿ˵ǺöϪټؾһ߿޶ûУٲһ϶ɡ
ֵǣµڣ˺ߣϪûΧ޻
Ϫ
ʿȴ⣬Բа;˵£ȷʵøӽǡ
պˮɢ
ϪٿȻۣ߽źĵ
ˮеĴ춯˲䣬Ϫץ׼ʱ֣һҵļ˳ȥ
ժˮϪսǰµķɱߡһ·żзһ˲Ʒǿѵߵ׷
˳ɣƫƫҲ˴Ϫֻʱŵһߡ
ǰ߲ʱϪؿڱβɨ˵ˣʱҲľ
ΣգҪľѰȫĵطˡ
ϪδᵤʶɨķΧԾͽѡһ껹㰲ȫľ߲һ򵥵ķ󣬱㿪ʼˡ
۰ͽܣĵҩ׭Ʒõġ
һƷشƷԪƬ̹ǰ롣
Ũĵ㹴ĳ͵͵ĳֱӣ̲סͷ
ʲôϪۣ¶衣
֪ԼСı¶󣬰ĳ˲佩ӲҲҶ
ЩϤǡ
ߣ
ݱ¶߾ر۾漴¶ģ׼Ϫָָȵˢһȥ
κϪķӦ죬ָһ㽫Ԥ͵Ϯıָ䣬õǰ˿
ǰԭʱԣˮ˵ǰԴʵ¶װס
̵ͨԴȴɫƬСƵģֻתͣ۾ִֺ
ϪԭȻΪԼ˦˶Էڲ֪һǹΪ֮
ΪʲôңСߵΪ뵽ѩвɶ˿ᡣ
СβͣβָĴ˻˻
ֲסϪָԴһᣬһģ
ҪҰѶ㣿Ϫʡ
СҡҡԴø
־㣬תת۾һһߵ˵Ϫָ
ҪҪǩԼ
ʿԼޣ߰ԸԼģֿǵġ
СߵͷһȲģ
ϪȴˣСһƷ׵ֻͣǡ
Բϡ

Ϫδ˵꣬Զһ¹˲ʱСԴķȥ


4 ؾ
ۭһ߿˹֩룬ԼͷСϺ֩һأֻϼƤһء
֪Щӣר롣
һ˵ܲ̶ֳȣ֪
ؾڣûһ˳¡
һòŵޣ䵽ֻܿ˫Žˡ
ۭһһ߷ֳһʶ䣬õķ롣κǰΪ˽ؾطΪѹڡ
ڡ
ʣµЩ׭óһĵԼȫ
ΨһҵǷԱ֧׷ܵĶֻһЩڵС֩롣
Ҳ
ܲסడ
ۭջһǰܣһߺȡ
ʶӦòƻǸˡ
ȡ
ۭһδ꣬һŮӺȻһնȺ
Աˡ
Ϫһ߻ӽ֩һߵ
лȡ
ۭһ˵һܵԷ
˿ϪֵʽӺݣٶҲ졣ɨ֮дƬ뻯Ϊ촷ֻֻۣ°֫
ϵС߼״ҲʾſСڶȺһ£һȺˮ֩롣
һһ£̼䣬ǰȺ˴롣
Զڶе֪ԣʣµС֩ٻء
ϪֻǾˣûжȺϾɱ뷨ȺߣҲս֣ͣȥžµˡ
ŮӰվһߣͷϷɢңסӡ
ɫȹ滮˺üӣ¶ļԼɼĺۣżǱ

Ϫһ˿ɡ
ۭεͬʱۭҲڴ
֮ǰ˵ټû뵽Ե־졣
ѿˣ
ۭи̾ҡͷһЦûУۭлѾ֮

û˵㱻˸͸

ۭΣ
Ϫ
Сߣˬˣ
ʲô˼ۭɫҰףȴǰҧ
Ϫüưϵףٿ϶Էģü΢΢һ
ȻûСǩԼСչҲͷϡ
Ǹһʱ졣
ۭοûϿǸΣһʱ죿
ɲã˰ɡ
ϪҲ֪ԼԵ̫ܣֻתƻȣϿɻ
ۭθ˵У漴ʶԼֻŴ䡣
ֻħһͨŵӣֶӦõģҡͷȻҵĴոնˡ
Ϫû룬ȡһ׶ķ£С
лѡۭθмһЦӹ·ȥԱ߻ã˳һ
ŶԷ·ʱ䣬ϪҲʼǻСߣΪ޹۸ˣ
˻˻ӣࡣ
С߰ڳһı飬ˮ״
Ϫ룬Ůӵ½ȷʵմһЩ֩ҺҲ⳯¿ˮ
˻ðɡ
СߴԴǿӦ
ϪԴʾοҲѣҺˡ
Ϫת
ǰŮӵĳ಻˵ɫҲ㣬ֻǷӱ˿ס֮һѹţʲô
ᴩϪİ£ȴһ˿ѳʣֻ鶯תʱϪƺһ㡣
ϪĪЩ⣬Ҳ˳֮ǰ
ۭ￩һΪԷʶԼαװ
һԼõеԷҲϳӣ԰
ۭβҲϣƵȻϵõġȴ֪ۭһͨˣнõѵۣ
ϪۭΣ
ۭεͷ
Ϫһ£ȷԼûӡ㲻Ȥ
Էʵĸɵĵӣ֮ǰϵͬ飿֪ںδȥ
ۭԥСǡħڵӡ
˵һƬ̣Ϫû¶ҧҧŵеλߣûʲôõˣģֻͬҲ
Ϫۣʵ΢ֶʧؾȷʵΣաóһĴһЩ뵤ҩ
ЩԱ
ۭƾܣɣѾۭǸмҪѵĶ
ŰաϪպԼСġ
ۭ﷽ԣæץס֣ѣ
Ϫü΢źۼغһ£
ۭμ飬֪ҪöԷûпܣֻҿܸŵһߣ
СϪһھܾ
ѡۭɫһףʹͷȻԽˣ
Ϫ뿪ȴ֪ΪΣ˫ϤͫȾϰݺԼҲһʹ
δףԷǸҵĿѲңؾǰҾ֪Լʵ΢ԭҲûųȥܶһʱǽңҪ࡭
ϪԱĻľϲǸʶİˣȴһֶѩʦ֮С
ҪɳԸ͸ţ
ۭԵֹͣңϪһҸŵѡ
Ϫ΢ԼԼƺƭˣԶţȻѾӦöԷţǲٷڡ
߰ɡ
ȵȡۭγס䡣
ϪƳһ۱סڣ£
ۭμװûƳգգװҲܴ𣿵ѲԸҲûϵһᾡܿϵѵٶȣǵʲôޣҿʩ־һѡ

ۭѹһգŵơ
ɽգһ١
ſϪ
ۭƤŲװ޹ŵѣҿָߡ
Ϫ
Լȴˡ
ĬĬڷɽΧһ㻤֣кҲûһͷһ鷽ۭεͷϣý۾ס
ŵѣ
ۭͷϵĲ£ȴϪϡ
վãٶԼߡ
ۭ֪ԼǶͷæվòò
*
˰գ·ֻޣΪ͵ȫϪѲЩ·ܹ
֮ʱϪǰ
ۭΪһͨƶĵӡżԷϵֲʬ塣
ҹΣ࣬ʺϼ·
ϪѰһɽնɱޣʱΪ˵Ϣ֮
Ϫ˵ϢǴһҹۭȻͬ
ϪתһСʱۭƾԼŬڶȼѡ
ڵɽϪӡ
һɨû˵
ϪתڶСʱۭδӴóռһֻ缦ϺʼڻϿ
ϪתСʱԱ߿ʼζۭ
㣡
÷ˡ
ѽ̡
ӦÿҪˡ

Ϫֹͣ˹ڸʲô
ѽۭζһ̧ͷһۣҪһ𣿡
ϪֻƵļƤ֬۾ܾˡ
ۭȴŹܺóԵģĲ볢һ𣿳һɡ

Ϫܾۭȴֱ˺һֻȣҶѾͳһڰɣѳԵġѽվҴʵࡣۭɬΪһտãѱ㵱ģһӳһڡ
Ϫһμۭˣһ޲ߵĸо
ʳĬΣֿԷڴεصͷҧһڡ
ۭ˵ȷʵǳãƿصǡôļƤֻļۿɿڣ֮ǰȥֲ֭Һ뼦Żһ嵭ζ
ۭαڳԶʵ򰵵һֱעϪһڣæʵô
šϪɫ
ۭЦеؿĵʲô˼ó𣿰̫ˡ
óԡ
ۭμ״⣬ΪϸӷֱԽ⣬ָĶͷϣǺóԣػüĪǹң
ϪĿ֣üͷšøú˵ĪҪֶš
һʱΣۭæȣҵĴҾǿüֻǺҲ˵óԣ
ϪϪһǽͣûк㣬ĺܺá
ۭЦЦϲãԺնԡ
á
ۭ³ԭ㻹ҡ
ϪͷۣǡЩ
ۭ˳͵󲻵ϲˣⲻ
ϲϲ
ϪкȻĳ棬ƻò毺õŮڼ˵ϲ˳ԡ
ƣḡ
Ϫҳȥ
ۭźؿıӰ˵ʲôˣôء


5 ؾ
Ϫڶڻ˰Ż
֪˼ǺιʣͰĹΡֻеӰ֪ΪЩģһ˲䣬ϪеӰۭغϣԷ󻽵Ǹ־
ôܣ
ţۡ
ǰĻȻϨ
Զۭκ޷رʯǽ˯šҹȥʳСѾزϪϣװһӡ
Ϫ۶ڽɫԽףÿᵤǡ
Ϫû˽ѣĳɽóһ׻
ȴ֪һߣԭȻ˯۾
ûʱԷʳѺϪǿڴĽҵһƿٹȵۭΡ
ۭһƿ֪˶õĵҩмл˾͸ӵԶԶأҲ
ϪԼģͬһԤ˼·أȴǻδ㱻Էס
ŵѣһʣ׼ȥ𣿡
Ϫƽɳ򡣡
ۭΣ˵ȥɳ֮ǰŵѿɻȥĵط
ϪûС
ۭɻˣŵûؾͼ
Ҳ˵ͨûеͼҲ֪ɳΧӦΧ߲ǡ
С
ϪΪҪֻһͼѣҲ⣬ȡݸ
ۭο˿ͼȷעĶȷķλųԷƭĿԡ
ۭΣŵ֮ǰͼ
Ϫ
ۭΣŵͼϵ·ߵģ
Ϫԡ
ۭ˿ǣˡðŵǷ񲻱淽λ

Ϫ뵽ѩɽڵĺԼѩǰĬȻ
ֻڲסΣϪžӨѩȴԶһ䵭顣
ۭοˣҲƽðɣŵߴˡ
˾и·ԣⲻȱ㣬ԵöԷɰֻۭԼԽϲǰˡ
תһ룬˵·֮Ե֣ա
ѽϪͬҹȻ춨Ե֣עҪΪѵġۭЦζ
ѣ
Ϫֻ֪ѩԽ־ͬϵѣʦҲ˵ҪЩѣԼȴûЩ
ۭеãȻ죬Ī˶ɵɵɵ˵Ȥڡ
ԣѡۭŹƻί˵Ϫһħ䲻ŵӣмѣ
Ϫûƫҡͷˡ
ۭμסϪ֣ϲǱá
ոϪûע⣬ֻסֻϸۻ޹ǣƤϴЩ΢⡣
ۭҲ¹̵ļһ㶣˲Ǳô̵øһŻƵġ
ûü˵ʲô־ͱ˦
Ϫ϶Է˫ͨ͸ںָͫһҲҪѡ
˵תˡ
ۭμ״ﰲοԼһ߸ȥãָ·ɡ
š
ϪȡյĽѵһȥͰۭνڽβκĻᡣۭεָ·ְ𣬾ԼָһҲˡ
*
Ѹٻȡ˺ø£ۭο˵츳
Լװʱԥһ㲩ͬ飬֮һһδ̽Ϫĵߡ
Ϫϲ˽ƫҪϪҪѣƫҪѡ
ϪǾܾģۭܻװ⣬ֱۣͷͻȻŵ˽Ļ
˾Ϳ˵ԼǹģϿϴġ
ʱϪʵڱƼˣʹ˰˶
Ҳ㡣
Լ˵ĳЩǼʶĳЩɫʱԷϵעһЩʱĵؽԼ֪һһ˵Է
ѩҲͬϪ˵˵ĶһЩ߰£λʦ㣬λʦ֣ĳλ
ϪЩȤۭȥЩ壬ؾΣ
żϪҲ֣꿴ҲΪҲߣȥôط
ۭԻһ٣Ա֣α¶Լ
ϪҲҵòƭˡ
ۭεĥӲ֮£˵ĳƺҲӿġѡɡŵѡٵϪۭΡ
ƭϪü΢̧
Ȼ֪ķؾһ㶼нΪɫĵӣʶر㽫Էͬˡ
ۭμ״ЦϪϣ⿴ҳᣬʵҽѾʮˣǰãһפղݲܱģ
ϪĬĬļ򣺡ȷʵû뵽
ֵۭȥĵط࣬û취˭ԸЩյأħ޲ɣҪԴֻԼȥȥʵСĻõ̷ơ
ۭЩʱѳϰߣϪϰ߶ֿݣͷοܲס
Уƺȷʵû˱ۭθң˻δᵤ˵ؾѰԴȰѴŪˣ㶪
ʲʹ󡢻
Ϫ˱䣬ԽöԷס
ۭγŶԷܾƺﲻԾϪ˵Ҳʡ
ֱϢʱϪԼеĶ˼ԼҪģʣһԵȫóڵϡ
ЩòϣҪĿš
óĶɱȶԷڵǵҰҰ̫࣬Ӧ΢һ¶Է
ۭ֪оǵ㲻Ǵˡ
һӦҵõˣ
ڶӦǿң
ӦǣŶӦǿҡ
ۭ̾˿һʱ֪˵ͨ黹ƹͷ
ѡͷԸȴȡ
л
Ϫ⣬ۭԲܾһжһӽԷɡ
ۭ˵꣬ƿҩĿȴһɫС棿ʲô
ϪſȥȻһǲϵʲôʱǱȥˡ
ȡ
Ϫû˵꣬ǱۭȻȥС
αװԲСᵽζһڡ

鷢⧲ۭβ
ϪæһסСߣһץۭεָżô
ۭθ˵û£̧ȴͷһϪϼżı飬ߵĻʱˣеʹҺһ
ϪĻ֪Լൣģſȥ±á
һʱΣúõĻ˵ûû
ۭΰһתϪŵСϣû£СոӦҶԼ
ԼϪͷȥеСߡ
СŤŤԼ壬תźӣֺõؿۭΣ˻˻˻˻
Ϫۭͬ˵˼̫ӣòǺס
ۭιǳǳһЦоС߼䣬漴ǸεؿϪǸҸող֪ޡ
ϪſСߵΪ֮㲢ûǸ
ۭϸж㲻ұá
ȴҪһӤʿȻڵСˣˣ
ۭһתϱһ䣺ҿǷ࣬ӱ𡣡
Ϫҡͷǰң֮㶨ĻԵ㲻Ƿʲô뱨ʵ΢Ҳһݱϡ
Ŷʵ΢


6 ؾ
ۭɵװСŷ۵ĳ嶯
۲΢תԷĻ½ڵң
ԼۭˮԵʣɳĮ˺üգҲƣ̬ˮӡ˫۾ԶӯĹ⻪תǡ
ͬеһ·˫۾ʱʱҪϪգ£ӦϰΪǡʵȴȫ෴Խ࣬ϪԽݽȥĴ
۾ۭˣħϪܿ
ǡ
ۭԴ򣬸ʰϵɫСߣŶԷƤգգۣˣұ㲻ܹϪһˡ
Ϫš
ۭνűɫСߵϪǰ̯Ȼҵ͸ְɡ
ĻȰԵִһɽε˺Ѿܾ
Ϫͷǰɫӳķ绪ʵںѽź˵ڣβ³һµ̡֣
̺ãۭλϲ
ϲͺá
Ϫ䣬ǳĻԼδ
㡭
ۭδ˿̵еǰڷпʮգڼﾻ˲ǰ㡣
ֺķѿĵĶջʱϲ
ϪԴ͵ɫɻ󣺡ţ
ۭλ˻񣬿ʢ⣬ɤҲᵽ£ҺϲԺϪұ㿴̣ʱˡ
ϪΪ˵ǳؾԺ£֮縡Ƽɢֹһ
ŸշֶԷ̬һ㣬ָ˵ƼɢǸϡ
ۭΰҧĵȻǿôҲûȡ
ŸսԲǡ
ۭξɥһ̣Ƽ޸ȴ飬֮Ტۣ
ϪǲͬĻ
ۭܴѳϰߣʹԹؿŶԷߵǺġ˼Ҹһľͷദ˶飬ôǰһûУ
еģҲһٶ̶Է
ϪʵͷС
ۭüβһ⣬һʵ˵ڿˣ
񼫾ԣϪܲסͷǡ
ۭʱŲߣִļ򣺡㣬ѣܲܽϣֻ᲻ң
ҡϪȥ
ԭصۭ̾˿ãи໰û˵ء
*
ɳУԽɳĮ󲿷ʱ䶼ǿ˫·ٶȼ١
ֹգβЫˣϪ˲ŷ˾һԪڵĵӡ
ʦ㣡
һϪ৵һ¿˳
ɳĮã⵽βЫ׷ɱݱǱһ壬Խݡ
ϪźۼһСվã˵ǣôÿ޵ģ
ˣ޿Ĳӣһŵӵ̬
һԱȣۭε۾͸һǱҲһڡ
ߵԳЩ˶ʦ㣬ǰԭӽУ˭֪ǰڵһˣ޲ʱڱ͵ϮԷ˶࣬ʦּǲУʹ´󲿷ֵˣǴĻᡣ
ʦλʦӳ֪ͨӣ·ײһȺβЫҿʦ㼰ʱ֣˲ŵԱ
˺òӳС֣֮Ϯɥ֮ľƣ޹ֺ㼤
Ҳ⡣
ӳˣǼأ
ʦܣϪǺܵġһԷʵܻܲΪģԷĴŷҲûжӦûʲô£һ仹Ҫġ
ȻмҲ˵뿪ʱʦը׭֮Ͳ֪ˡ
ã֪ˡϪ껰֪ڵ׷ɱǣҲ˵ȥһ£ʱͬһ֮һҸûһԪڵĵӣȰǼ
ǣʦ㡣Ӧ
úˣϪתͷۭͬεǸʦ£ҲӲ㡭
ۭæͬһߡ׸ˣ
ȻǡϪæϡ
ۭεǱĪ˵һҾǡ
Ϫм£л
ۭιϱ飬оԷĺøֶһ㣬ͬϲΪˣҲͲ͸¶һϢ
֪ħڵˣʱҲһЩ˽⡣ۭѹħЩ޵йͬħõģֻԻ񡣳֮⣬ħ޵ʽǼΪѪȲ̵ġ
ڣ˼˻Ϊš仰˵Ҳ˻ֻҲʺΪԽáΪԽߵĻ꣬ĹԽĻִӺδЩϲɱˣЩ׼Щ׿ʿ
ȻЩŵӵδֻһʬЩҲûвĿܡֻܸ㣬εħڵӦûвУħɣҾͲ֪ˡмƻΪֹǣɵĵ˵Ҳˡ
ЩϢ಻أصϪ㲻ͨµģҲֻΪħڲͨϢȫûлɹۭΪ϶
֪ڵĿĺϪһ֮С
ЪƬ̺㼱æʼۼʣµĵӣ·ɣҲ֪Ϣ֪Է
գҲҵ֮һĵӡ
磬ϪȻյŷ
ŷ˵ǱΣϪԸϹȥԼۭһ·ۣٶȸϵս
ҵʱڵ˲һԱ߻мŵӡ
˻ЩǿӦ
ȴһҪԼĵˣһ߻ҪԱߵӨӨѹ
Ϫ״˵ۭΣֽ͵ϮӨӨڵӡ
ħֱ۱ն䣬ϵͷҲأĺ
߿
ӨӨý׵屻Ӱ죬ͷסʹࡣ
Ϫ֮ǰۭͬ˵ڵʹǣʧأӨӨһʱ޷ֵ
Ϫǰ̽ͷ֮У⣬ڵ֮ϢΣҲǹǡ
Ƿ㱻մ
˸³һѪϪðãͷ˵
񣬱ƣҲȥ룬жʱֻʣһͷ
ӣ
ֻϧͷδʵʩؿԼͷ­Ӳ롣
ɱˣϪ۾գ֮£ˡ
һۭκͳҲаæɱС
Ϫ˵İæ˲ת䣬̹򣬳ڵӱȥ˴룬ʣ¼ŵҲ޻֮
ʦ㣬Щδãʣ༸˺޺ʵ
Ϫһ۵ϼµһԪڵӣǵĿģɱ˰ɡ
áͷҽ˾ʦȥʣǽõĵӡ
ɡϪͬ⣬漴ˡ
ʦ\ѡ
ʣµļһԪڵӺ͵ŵ
ϪȶԼŵļ˵ȴˣ
ǣʦ㡣
úһԪڵˣϪֿ򵤶żˡ
컪ʦʦлѾ֮
Ϫڰ֣⣬ͬЩ˵˵ϵ֮ͬ㲻ٹܡ
ۭߵԱߣƼϵѪʱס̵ͷ
Ȼ֪ȥʱһˮ˭ΪϪ󳾣ưĽ̳̿ˮС
ѽңҰϴɾ
Ϫҡͷܾá
ۭθΪʲôͼɷĩƮɢڷС
ѹʱʱܾÿճ˵ƺЩͬԭˡ
һʾȵĲֹۭΣҲӨӨǱס
ΪϪ˼Źˣϵŭһ֧֧غһʦ㡣
Ϫתͷһۣɫ䵭£
ӨӨɨɨûӰƲƲ죺£лʦղžҡ˵꾶ܿ
ۭӨӨıӰ˵λʦģֻòƲ̫ãллҪѰ𡣡
ſǿ˶Էŭ
šϪӦţȴƳֻۭ׾ϸϣ֪ʱһѪգˣ
ۭδһۣ˳˵ˮϴȥûСղûǱ˽ȥѪ
˵ŷӦϪϲѣ㡭
û˾ͺáϪͷϸָֻȻղŶлæ
ۭΰְϲһߵҪлңһлֿɲС


7 ؾ
ϪȻûϵ㲻ƣʵҪл㣿
ۭһۣסƣѲҪʲô͸ʲô
ϪϽһЩֻҪ
ǣۭκϪǰң
ף
ף
ף
Ϫæ˿ϴʾܾС
ۭοһɵģһҪߣæֲ˺ˣ䣬㻹ˣظѧˣ֪˵˰ɣ
Ϫͷҡͷؿһ۵Ҽˡ

жһۭƲаɣȥ֮ǰץסȺˣôˣӦˡߣҲʲôõط
ϪƳһ޵飬ֻ˹Ȼܰ䡣
ҵλõ˾ʦܡ
ħûʲôԭһʱ֪Ķ˵ˡ
Ȼۭ²ںʬѾнˣ׼ؾвɱ޵ӡ
Ȳ߻жڵһӡףɡ
ףɴԸֶƫƫ֪ôͽһλϣڼӣһЩͨҲΪס
ڽؾǰףɵ¾Ϊź˽ﲻϵԼץŵꡣ
ؽؾԼ͸޼ɵûգϵʬǱߵˣ˵һΧɱȺ޵ӡ
ЩڵӵĹʣЩ˱ֳ˺üӣһĴΧɱ䵥ŵӣһףһǰĹ
ЩйϢȫ˵󣬲תۿԱߵۭΡ
ʱδϪͬκ׽
ʦܵ弸յԷߣõŴ
ԭΪʦ㱾ˣʧ䣬Ҳ⡣
ȴԭǡ
ŷʦһ˵ЦֹΪܣԷϻʦ·
Īһɼʵ
ȴάЦʦ㣬λǣ
Ϫ֪תʵ˵ۭΣҵġѡ
˵꣬Ϫתͷۭεʦܣ
ŶȻϪСʦܣǱҲҵСʦˡۭοżСʦܣѽ
ѣ
˶ԷۣһЦۭΪƺҵһЩ
粻ֻͣʵ
⻰ǡ뵱ʦ㣬㲻䡣
ۭΰ漴뵽ʲôﳯȥһƵ񣬶ȻüȻǣǸ̫ϲһʱءҵΪȷʵûʸ˵
Ϫ״ü΢壬Ƴ˼һۡ
ӵԷȷʵû˵Ӹϣ˵δ̫ˡ
ԷƱΪȲֻȱԴ֮ʡպҶһЩĵر㣬ľܺܿϳ
һ·ദżöԷЩ٬ԶԷչ̸ֳ¼ʶ˿塣
̧ۭͷסԷ֣жϪá
ˣϪӣοǸոһصļ
ڴˣϪͷһûƿĵױŤѡ
ۭμ״סϪֽ˽ĬĬĵ׶Լ˵һл
һΪĲüһһ㶵ġ
ĵϪıֺ̬ȡ
һʦܣ˼Ҳûٸ飬һųּİ˵ȵʦ
жĵؼʵˣ֪ۭεĸɵĵӣź
ѹǰؾڿʱ䣬ŵĵӶнύȴۭˡ
ۭα̹ħڡ
ħޡ
˲ɫòͬ˿Ϫſԣ
ʦܡϪдžζ
ƫƫ˳ģҪȰԼʦع
ʦ㣬ħޣħʲôˣ֪ЩڵĹһģ
Ϫüǵʦ𣿲Ƿǣƶֻ֪һŶۣ
ı飬ڴϷ£жʱһԥҪҪϴȴƼۭһ˿ɫ

ͷųԷȵϪûϵұħޣʦܻд˻Ҳ㲻Ҫ
ϪƽĻԱ֮¾͸Եü
ֻΪħ޾Ҫ⣬ûĵ
ϪŶԷᶨ˵û˱㲻ԩ㡣
ϪԵֿнԷԱġ
˵ۭΣԲκλɣԷ
ۭζ϶Է˫ֿϿҵв֪ΪЩ顣
Χɱ޵ϣȷʵȴˣһʼϪߵĿĿɲ
ллۭƲͷȥ۾
ϪѹżۭͬεǸŰա
ʱȣϪ˼·
ۭȥĹ⣬һѲ֪ĵӣóȻ̽˵ϸ
ʣµĵ˻ϣ˳ȥѰ䵥ӣ˳֪ͨɵˡ
ϪϲûеЩ׻ҪҲûٶ˵ʲô
*
Ĺλɳĵλá
Ĺⶼ᾵ĺɫʯΧɳɳڹ⡣
ݴĹȣɳʵһƬݳݺɵʢ֮ءؾʲ׽˴СڤŽлƬҹ֮£ڻճɻҽɺԣɽʯҲյڡ
֮ؾѻߣĹȴ޷ָվɫľҲʼή˻γһƬɳ
Ϫ˵ĹȸʱûзڵˡֻܣһˣǶԷֶμߣû֡
ڸ̽κۭɫȻһ䣬Ϫʮڽһɳ档
Էָӳһס˺ϪſڵǷˣ
ۭɫصͷԡҸոշֹȿʮɴһļ󣬵Ϣ󷨵ĵȼȴļҲ²ǲ˻棬ʵԶļ㲻֮ͨʿȷʵԲ
һԣļֻнϵʿܲõģ̸츳Ըߵ˵ˣ츳ߣţڴ˻ϵ˺üͬ
ħкʱţһϢδţ
ֻҲͬһΪģ
Ǻߡ
Ϫһ۵ȻܿҪƽȴһѶȡ
Ϫ䲻󷨣һЩʶȴ˽ġۭ׿Ҫͳ˿
̫⣬ܿЩѾáϢȥһʵ޷еĽڡ
⻰ۭòǺף˼ܲҪñɣ
ۭһϷԣ֪Ϫ͵˵ͷкβɡ
Ϫ˵úƣƥ
ΣһҪƣҲһҪɱ
ҶһԪڵˣܵøۡ
ҡ
ϪĹȵķѹȻ
ûʱˡϪ˵
ۭû仰ԳһѶԷĳ嶯С
ĳһ˲䣬Լ·ڶԷϿȺ¿Ӱӡ
ⲻӦǰ˵ݣô붼ܸȺûִֵļһϵһ
ƲϽޣֻǡ
˼ãۭβĵ㲻ǽްɣ
Ϫ֪Էʲôͷǡ
Ľ
ĸ޳һⲻ
ỵϪü
ۭĪί
ϸ˿ԷаοԼû£˵Ǹأ˻Īš
һ룬ۭʱַתˣȱ𼱣ооδȫûа취
͵ǻԷյ໤֮ˡ
Ͼǲ˹ͬһĻϪڵСӲȻˡ
Ϫͷǵ㲻Ҫǿ
ۭ΢Цáǿ㡣


8 ؾ
Ȼæۭα㲻ٲ˽ȻĿǰȫ϶˼󷨣ȴǰ׼һ㶫ֻҲ֪ûʲô
ۭһ˵Ϫ˲䶮ˣ˵ĴֱӹȥҪʲôȡǡ
ۭΣ
ôϪһ˼Լʶۭεʵ޷д򿪣̧ĨȥӦÿˡ
ۭμΪ֪ۣҲ˼
ܾ˵ıԽԽô£
ţǽ޵Ķʣ
ۭλǰԼЩֱӣʱΪȻ
ӦУҲֻܼ򵥵ļ죬ҪĶࡣ
˵ҵĹϵͬҼ⡣ҪʲôþǣòҲպáϪʱ̼ŶԷӲݶŹģ
ۭƳһ۵㵹Ǵ󷽡
ֶ˵͸
ϪЩҶлУƽռѡ


ۭɨһ۴еĶˮƷҩ߼׭óԼȫˡ
˻ǣһ㶼û˽
㡭ۭοϪε̾˿ˣţԺĪҪˣ֪նһ˹װһ޹ģƭô죿
Ϫۭε۾ʵƭ𣿡
Ϫ۾ͨ͸峺ͬѩˮϴһ㣬㳾
˵ʱܸһսȥĴ·˶͸
ۭһ˲飬һ޶˵С
ħޡ
Ūĵħޣʲôء
ʲôûƭ
ƭʲôôۭһЦʵãұɵ˲ƭ㡣Īͽ㣬ܵõĺô
ǰͽᣬѡϪ˵ѶֵԽ˳ڡ
ۭδǳǳ𣺡԰ѡǼȻѣҵĻǲ
Ϫ뵽ϻؿġЦҪʲô
Ժ֮ˣ߾ġ
ʵۭθ˵š
Ϫ˵ͷҲɵ
˵ʱһֱ˫ž޲עۭΡ
ۭβ֪ԼйܾöԷĻָһ㣬űȥûõӿ
˵ۭԱտڲͷԹõֲ޹ǡ
Ϫڶ棬ۭͻȻΪԼ˵˻
ʱԷʱʱעòڣڶԷˣڡ
Էó޹ǣľһĶϪԴЩҪʲô
ЩõĶۭóһС룬֮ǰռѪһ߽͵ϧҲǻֻܽػҼûֻܼѪЩƣǿһá
ϪԵͷʵ˵
šʵͬһԭ̻ҲҪõ𡣡ۭν͵
Ϫ𣿡
ָӵҲԡۭЦֻʱȣʱȥˡ
Ϫӹեȡֲ֭ҺĹصҡ
㣿ۭλԼˣ㲻Ǳ𣿡
ǡϪҡͷɫŹ֣λΪǱ
ۭμ״Ҳˣ˼дġ
Ϫһ˼֣вԾڷϼһٻӰ
˵Ҳ֣ƺԴӽؾԺ󣬳ɽʱһأʱ侹δǸŹֵξ֮С
Ϫһ漴ΪԼ˵Ǳ
ԷľϲѾ㹻ۭ࣬Ҳٶһʲôܽܵġ
һõƤϪһҼЩʿϲʪ֮أΪϲסѩɽϣ
֮ʡϪƽ
˵漰˽ܣۭκзִ磬ʹ˴ס
һҪ£˳ưѻתƣУȻǻðҵæհִһ㡣
ǱáϪ
׼ۭ֮ͬϪһҪ¡
Ϫ󣬱ϪʩۭλƷ
ͷһغȴĬʮ㣬ֻʧ˵һΣüΪ˳
ҹʱ˲ڵϢƬ̡
ָ󣬶ץʱĹȹȿ⡣
Զۭοòϸ۲˲ֶαĻҪԼļƻȻҲøű仯
ѾˣԷʵĻҪǿһЩʵҪֻۡ
Ϫü΢šУΣգ
ʿ֮ûΣգۭβʵҲҪ̫ֻҪʣµӦûࡣ
ϪȻͬȥɡ
ȥҲǲУֻǣۭο¶ɣȷ˵Щλ㶼֪Ѱǲٿ󷨵˷ֺ仯һӦ䣿
ܡ
Ϫ֪֪֮Է˵Ķʵһȷʵû츳
Ҳű󣿡ۭιɫ漴һ䡣
˼УϪҲʹ˷
ۭμ״ÿձߵķ˿һЦˣô࣬һеԱģٲû㲻ǣ϶ᱣҵĶԲԣ
£Ϫһʱ˶㿪
뵽ԷΪðգм֮಻ָһ˿ΣΨŵãҶỤȫ
ۭģһ䣺֪ˡ
Ա䣬Ϫۭһ˸ļƻ
˹ͬϪۭΣϢ˰һ𣬶ϢΪһ塣ˣ㲼˲˽룬Ҳܽ˷ֿ
ϪĶһΪһΪѩȥġ
ϢϡŹֵĶѩġ
ǵöԷʱѶʱ˵ǣӿںϲͬ˵ϢΪһ塣
ϪʱûעԷı飬ȴǼסˡ
ֻаӰۭʱ˶Է˵ġϢڣΪһ塱Ǻ⡣
ֹǽڣºһ˵ζ
ˮȵĻϢһ
Ӵ˿ǲˣһ塣
Ϫۭͬʱ
ϪͰͽͣҲ֪
ۭ΢΢ƫͷĻŹ󣬱ϪǰЩּɡ
ûϵҲ⡣
ۭζһɼϤİˮЦ
Ц껹ϪĶϵҵζŶ
ǻᲦŪĵħޣȻʱ繵ֵܵ
Ϫյ侲Գֲ٣ȡ֮ǻҺͲ֪롣
ָо̫İˣҲ̫ŨˣʱԷ߷߻Ҫǿʮٱ
ǿۭεģԺȴظֳԷ˿Ӧе顣
ĺ󱳣ŶԷ֣ԷĲϵÿһȵ÷̡
ϪԼԼǻ𶾷ʮʮҹ̶ܽ⡣
ϧûʱ䡢ûⶾֻܾơ
ҽȥˡϪ侲
ۭοֺδ飬΢΢üǰϹ¶ûӦ
΢ʧһᣬۭκܿϰΪصá


9 ؾ
Ĺ⡣
ȥԲʮ֮ڣ˼ƽֻ
ϪۭͽУĹȵΨһһڣȫûвǰ治Զ塣
һڻɳϣһ£ߵľʱļŵɳĮɻľɽȡ
ϪһʱͷϵˣۭΣ
ţءۭ
ˣϪʱġ
ɨܱߵĻ˿վɽڵСϣСǳƬĻٱصλñǶ͵ɽڡ
˳ѵСǰľͷһ֣͸ּ϶ԼɼһӣԶƺˮ϶
ƽľɫ쳣
ϪʱϵˣΣ
ۭεƺֻһͨʱΣգǰߡ
Ϫ˳Сɽߣ뻨ǲκ춯
ۭͬʱųʶɽȡ
ؾƵֻΪʶϵްԪӤڵʶǿޱȣһų˲串ɽȣڵÿһ仨ÿһݣÿһۭζ
Ȼˣͬûκ
ʲôûУ
ۭβţԷôһֻܲͻ
ȻûжǾ춯ˡ
ŶǱߵĻһСһЩֱָۭһ
ϪͷĻɨ˲һ󻨰ꡣŻ£нƮƻ㡣
Ϣۭμѡ
ʵѣϪڵһʱס
ۭԷԼȴη壬ƮڱĻ㣬漴³һ֣û󡣡
 ǰʱ˲ϢɫŨ㽫ɽС
ڡ
ۭ꣬ȷⲼˡˡ
ۭṴϪ벻̼ģ
ô棿Ϫӵ
ۭεᣬȴײУĶѽǵԼῩ
Ϫƫͷ㿪Ϣá
ۭβĶУϪૼ䣬˵ļ㿿ˣϪ
ϪӦ߳ȵϢһʱûע⵽ƺı仯Ȳʵڱ㿪ʼ𣿡
ʼɡ˵ȥƬɫĻԡ
ۭαλϪж
߲ǰͣ
Ӳۭ꣬ⱨһλɡ
Ϫٽ׼ǰİһ軻
ǸɽȣǸǰ֮ٲƽá
ԭĻȻһʳ˻ǳͣ¶ݣչ֦Ҷ̰ؿվмˡ
µС϶ɭɭ׹ǣжҲˣϪȵÿһǲڰ׹ϡ
ԶľҲ׷ױ仯ͻȻһ㣬ϵ˹ȥϡķҶʱЦʱŵ͵͵Ŀ
ۭеĺϵȥľݡ
Ϫûɣ磬ɵڻȺд
ۭοеδ֪滺ĸ׵૸Ʈɽȣǿ˵ʳ˻Ƶģҡ塣
ǰȶַĿ޺ǧҶ̼仯ֱֱϪš
ⲻͨҶǧɱµԹ밧
ΣʵΣֱֱ͸ġ
ãϪ
ۭɫһ˹ֹȻգǰ춼óˡȻֻһС죬óԸһȺڵСһҲ˵Ǵֱˡ
ͬʱϪҲϳڵĹֶΣ֮ǰЩǿࡣ
ȻǰļξܽƵķӣκǰ˹Ķ̫࣬⸲С˵㡣ΪʡʱϪϣѸսǰȼһһ˸ߵĻ档
˹Ĺ̶Ե޾壬ͨĻҲ˲ǣûаֳɣһ˷ܵӿ֮С
Ȼ˲䰲
û˵ۭΣ
⣿
̫죬ۭЩӦ
ǳ˹ֵķôױϪˣҪ֪ϼһǰ벽񰡣
һô̵ʱڽǳ˹ֺŶǲһǿ϶ܡ
ϼһﲻ˲ãǾ˵⡣
ۭ˼ضϪĺ׿˰Ρ
ϰѳϪСľǰ
ԶߵʵˣҪô
ۭλһ쳣ڶԷǰųЩϡ
Ϊ֤²⣬ָۭǰľֱӵ˰ɡ
ľҵҵպϪȥ
áϪҲû뵽
˵ĶԻֹУ
ȻǰյȰ˵ڼĺͨͨӡ
ϪСľû˿ԥǰӡ
*
Ĺڣһߵ³һѪ
ʦ֣
ԱߵӼ˷׷׾̿֡
ףǸأ
ҧݶƺ޲Ѫ⡣
ڣڹȿڴǱߡվǰһڵӴŶµףʦ˵˹ˣͣͳȥˡ
ЦˣȻڶûɱߣһȺ
˵̧ۣĿϹιȥ
أ
ףɼͻȻǰˣʱֱð亹ʦʦ֡
ԷͷɫоңҲ֪ҷţŽȥϽһޣûãҾ͸Ӧϵ
Ϊβ˵
һƽ˻ӿҲܶԷв
ᣬϪۭ
еɱ֮ǰʮ֣仯Ҳ졣
ۭ֪ŵΪ˶ԷòϪӿٶȡ
һһӣ˴Ƶѩأһӷźãۭ˲ǰµ졣
תУﻻơ
ǰĻþȥֱɽǰƬɳ
ۭʾϪȽ¡
ӽ⿪һɲǣоЩֻʱȣۭβ룬͵£˫ַɣͣزٿϵ̡
Ϫ֪˶Ա߲Ҵš
κۭη̧ͷˡ
еĴԼʮˣȫӽȥ󷨴ķɡ
ۭüĵǸʵǿֻסһᣬֻ³Ų̫öԷͻҹ
ʱƵϾªϸססǳ˹ԭˣ츳ҲףֻסԷһӡ
ǱϪûа˵ְο£һᱣ㡣
Ҳ¡ۭҡҡͷԥϪҡ
ʲô
ԼϢµĺ֢ϪЩҿԷңϪƺŸо֡
ۭԥһ£Ǿ˳Ȼ
û£ֻҺȻǰУʹĻƺеа֮Ƽ󡣴ԵʱһУǰͬ˵˼ƽǣǵʱע⡣ˡ
˵ţǰȡһöŵСϪУţܾܾ͵㽫͸ҵĻ㲻գǳҲҪˡҲصңϻһö
Ϫöɫͭ壬滹˵Ϣ
ƷףϪʹõεһۭθöССһֻȴ弶һѾֹд󲿷ֶ
ԷѾϪ޷ֻܵݽһ󣬵ٻ㡣
ۭбһ۵㡣
ϣлᡣ


10 ؾ
ˡ
ϪۭͬʱϷ
зͣһ˲Ӱ䵽ϡ
ߵӽŵһӣĿֱϪˣǶҵķ
Ϫ࿴ŶԷʵףɣ
ףɣһӶƳ˵ϵˣ֪СҺȡ
ףɡ
Ϫʣڻʬŵĵӣ
ĿöԷֱȫĻ
ǰſϻ˵Լٹ¯һһ
Զ֣ɾͱסˡʱһְһƤٳǣҹҹܶʳˣ궨ȻҲǼζġ
ޣ˹֣֪ĸֳ󡡣ϪûӦۭƿڴ
֪ôͲ֪óͷһˣó˶䡣˵ԻҲԼŶˣǲҲˣô˸ո˭󷨣Ĺ
ģҵҪĵ˭ô¯ȥ˹ȶ˻֣ٸۡñȥۿ¶㡣
ۭټ죬ǿ
˿Ŀʱһ䣬־ŭǡ
ڡ
Ȼڲϳǹڸ߹ˡ
˵Ļᣬۭ漴ƫͷϪ˾Ǹ޶ϱծ㲻Ҫʹɢеƻ¡
ϪۭʶգԷȶ˷οˣͷһؼԷֿ˵̬һʱΪ𺳡
𾪹ȴ־ģǿɰ
Է˵뵽˵¯ĪЩԷҲۭ˵ϪʱҲŭˡ
á
ϪδѶ
ǵۭ֮ǰ˵ԴĻϢ˿ǣͷһֱԻ
𽣷ɣ㾶ֱ˵üĴȥ
˼״鲻ΪȻС
˵ʱ΢ţܽ¹һּһС߶ųĻɬСڿб߸ߵľ޶һι״ĳӴӶ
ۭЩӣæڳϪϪûЩĵĳӡ
š
Ϫջһżǰס𽣣ͬʱһΪһŻӽ޶
һĳӣʱ͹һ㣬˲Ǵһ߳һ߼̰ʳࡣ
ۣϪȻǰ
Ͼǰ벽ϼһΪѹƣϵķȴ٣ټĳһִȥ
ִһһ˸ɣÿͷԶֿϪΧУǰڳһСͻ
ۭû֣ȴʱ̹עϪ״̬ͷʱȷʵһ˲ܿ
Ľڣֶβ¡
ǱϪȷʵҡ֣ǶﻹǰΪá
ĿᶨһϽǵһͷ漴ת
ڿһΪһĻ˫붯һһҷֶΧ
һߵֵһбȥϹ۵ˡ
䲻֪Էôǰ޽һȥģԷʹӡ
㻹֪Ǹʲô˰ɣǸħޣӽ㡭
֪
Ϫһ߻ش𣬽ȴǰֲͣᶨֱ˶ȥ
˲Ŷ֪ħޣɸݣĿ֪ӽĿģ
ϻࡣ
Ϫü͡
Ƿϻԣ㾡룬û𣿡
˵յĻͼöַͬʱҲעۭεĶͬԷ˽һ㣬Ҳ˽Է˵һ䣬ۭζǰһǹ˦һű顣
ըҵ޴Ϫۭβòܿըٿʱ˺͵ϵףѾӰ
ֻ֪ܵĵСۭ
Ϫü̽µĺۼὣ׷ȴۭΰסˣȱ׷ˣҲġ
Ĳ˵˹·ȷʵһѺ֡
ϪûκλɣеĻ𽣣ͷá
ۭһȻģȻԷʱı飬˷Ҳɲ롣
˺һ̲סʵ㲻𣿡
ʲôϪɻ
ʡۭ̾˿ЩΣΪʲô֪ôࣿո˵Щʲô˼ûƭ㡭֪֮ʲôʡ
ŶϪ򣬿ʵͷǸħ֮ǰʶǷ۸㣿
ʶɣǼһ˫ˮһ߻˵ĳӡ۸ңһμ濴ҵС檣Ӧɡ
ȻԼĻԷ˸ٺΪȥԼԶְǳ˹ִõϡ
㡣
ϪðĻ磬аڣֻˡ
ۭεһûֵأ
ûˡ˵¶Է룬ֶһ䣬㡣ңȻҲԼĿԣҲ㣬Ϊѡ
Ǹɵӡۭ״Ʋм˵ȷʵģӽأ
Ϫҡͷƶ㲻ǡͬһ·㲢δʲôࡣϲûֵñ˷ѾĻƭĶ
ôûУۭ۾ҾͲ̰ͼɫ𣿡
ҽ£Ϫʵֱӡ

Ϫ˫嵭ۭġһȡͻȻ˵ڣ˵ǡϾֻ̬мʱ֣ûôͰԼ°
ô˵ϪֵǸֻ²ܻӦ⡣
Ȼ
ۭԶһ
̧˶һۣ΢ת漴ü֪ģҲֻ̫࣬Ҫߣʱ̿㣬Ȼ㡣
Ϫ̺飬Ȼ㡭
ùȰԷǰȻ㱰΢һʱ֮䣬ЩȻ֪롣
Ǹ
գϪҲֻ˵һ䡣
ͻȻ֪ۭζԼһƬϪ˼ЩңҲ˲˫ˮ֮ԡ˾ĬΣۭ֮δ󷨣ųбĥһϢħޡ
ʮĸˣʣʮһһϢ
ۭ۵ϵʵЩô죿ɱˣ
㣬Ҫɱҡ
Ϫۭȥֻ˶һµ˳һ̧ͷϱ鲼Ѫۺͺ׼ԭ౻ѪȾ졣
ֻܿһϸȷŵĶľ޴
Ҫɱң㡣
ѪգûɱˣҲû㣬ɱҡ
ϪȷʵûϿ̫Ҳɱ֮ˣԲɱˣЩԷɼ͡
̧Ӹһƿҩˣҩ
ۭЩؿһۣû˵ʲô
ʣЩ˼״з׷ϣģӣҴˣ
͵ۭΪҪʱ˭֪ϪȴͻȻ˲ûϢǻģϪҲûͬһ˵ҩֻ껰ͽˡ
ۭζʱֿˣ˵ɱϣ˵ģַŹЩˡ
Ϫ͵ʱѧһķţܿһЩ
£ʿһ㣬ֻǱ档ܿ͸ҲֻȺӣǲܿ͸һϱƶ
ϪҲѧ
Լ
ۭκȻ޷ȥ


11 ؾ
Ϫĵҩãûϵ˱˴룬ѾҲƳЩ
ۭξϵϢͬʵʬŵˣ
ӣСĵȷʬŵӡ˻ص
ۭ֪𰸺ŶһûȤ
͵͵ǰˣ-СΡȻԭؾŶѰһԵ˭֪ûñλڵ˫ʦ֣вȣѲŰ¡Ҳˣ֪һЩϢ
˶Ϊڵ˼ƻһΪջʵȴȻһýԼᵽʣǡѪءڤ𡯡׼
֮Ҽףɳȥָʹҵʬ͵͵Ȼ͵͵ռѪҲɱЩӲֻΪ˶꣬ΪռѪҺ
Ϫ겻˵Ϣ
ŽԷ˵ǼϵһкȻһѵСڤ棿
Сڤ˵ֻн޻ȴϹʮ֮һľڤͬԴȱһֱдԣ˵ԼСڤԼڤĳɹʡ
ټȡСڤĵԪҲǰ壬СڤҲһʧʱ֮СǻôһСڤؾڣ񶼲ж֪绹ڹ޻
Ȼ֮йصĴҲ֮ʷĳ֮С
޾ԡ
Ϫ㣬˵ܴӹżƶϳһϢȻҲܡ
ˣʵ벻ؾѵʲôĶ
Ϫ˲²⣬ȴõΡȻ˵˵ֻлṩϢá
˾þͺá
ΡȻŵüſ˵ֳָһĨ˼ɫи֮롭
ֱ˵ǡϪ˵ֵϪԵƱɣػҶˡ
ǣŵѡ
ΡȻϰ߿ɫظ˳ƺŵѣɷʱ£
ϪĹȲսҺۭҪڴ˵صʦʦãŰɡ
ΡȻԸмлŵѡ
ˣԭ֮أҲްռ֮⡣Ϫ̬䵭һ²ؼĿ
ΡȻ˵꣬ϪϰԻͷۭΡ
ۭƳΡȻһۣϪһɽ
ںʬŵĵᶼܹˣг˻ĹʯֻʣŲڵϵ
ΡȻ˵ĻۭҲˣȻҲûϪеı仯
ղ뵽ʲôֱۭʡ
һΪСڤ档ϪԼĲ²˵
Сڤ棿
ۭһ£ʵҲ뵽һ㡣Ϊ֪飬ԼҲΪ˶Ż²⡣
Ϫأ
ۭ̽ô뵽ⶫ𣿼Ǹ˵ôҲû˵˴ҵһ棬֪Բš򣬲һͨ޻𣬺οô󾢣
Ϊڤ𡭡
ϪޱؽԼ֪˵
ڤֻǴ˵ĶϪˡۭЦЦûϡ
ϪһҲǣһ䣬Ͱˡ
˵ţۭҲʣˣͻȻ֮ǰƺһֱûʹĹʲôأ
ͱһĽΡ
ϪȴﲻԣܿڶԷЦɢ
ۭε⣬ϪԥƬ̣ǾʵԸ棺Сڤ档
Ҫɣۭοʡ
ҪϪص
Ǿûа취ˣۭЩӣвϻŶԷ˵ʱһʱǾ䡮
֪Լϱ
Ȼˣƾʲô
ۭαۣϵЦʱٲů
ǻԵҪĶһۭŪ
ۭΡ
ϪɵӣȻԷе˼ֻܵزԸȥ
ƾ°ɡۭǸƾ£Ҳ㣬㡭ӦҲҡ
ϪĬƬ̺Ǹ
ȷʵвòɡ
ۭǸֹסһ죬أаһ䡣üˣȻñǸĻҪյ㲹С
ۭ˵Ȱ㿿Ϫһڡ
ϪͫȻŴ촽Ծط
Ȼ෴ӦΪ֮𾪵Ȼǰߣֻһ䡣
Ժ󣬱ɵˡ
ʲô˶ţʲô˵
ۭ·ܵͻȻϪͼȥץʱﻹץסˡ׷˰̣վǰ˸ˡ
Ϫʧ䣬صĹʱȴΡȻס
ŵѣҷɳ񵽵ģǰۭһƵģ
ϪĿɨȥֻΡȻ̯ϺȻһöɵС壬ۭ֮ͬǰöһģһ
֮ǰѽԷȴֱΡȻ񵽣ʲô˼Զ
Ϫףֻ¶Է뿪˼
䵽ϣΡȻаѶӹллġ
ˣôûۭѣΡȻֵ
ˡ
Ϫ䵭࿴ʲô
ŶΡȻͷ
Ϫѽ뻳Уע⵽ΡȻԱ߻վһˡ
ԷԼʮһͣŶɫķ£ͷϰС裬СŻ
ɾ˫ն۾էһҪһˡ
Ǿʬ塣
Ϫת뵽ΡȻʬŵˣʱ⡣
ϪΡȻ󷽵ؽܵãȻȻŵѣҸոպ㽲ģҡ
ŮʬľȻûзӦ
ǸȻӱȽСе㺦ߡ
ΡȻǸؿϪͺǣŵһСС
ϪҲûôԴһʬʲôףҡͷ޷
-
»صɽ֮УϪѰ˿ƽʯͷ£ʦʦù
һۭγϦԣûзֿʱͻȻһˣϪо䲻Ӧ
ĹطأڵλһȻĹڡɳĮķ˳ǵӿײʯϣĵ
Թ޺ʱϪţֻһЩȴ
ԶΡȻȼһѻ𣬺ȻڻǰΪˣǰοС
ϪŻ뵽ۭΣӻС˰Σƽ
ǰۭ뿪ͻȻԷԸѡڿеС壬ȴͻȻ׹ԷȻԸ½壬޶Ͻ˼
ֻǾϵԸԼΪѣ뿪Ҫƽ
ۭεϪԾѹзȥ룬̬
ٿԶʱϪ϶˿ºͣʬ𣿡
ΡȻŷӦԷͬ˵ͷۿȻĿᡣ
ţʱǡΡȻ˵СͷϵСԺõġ
Ϫ˼ĿЩӣȻ
šΡȻͷ
Ϫʵʶ
еġеġΡȻ˵ߵͷʱ˻Ӧңеġ
Ϫϸʬָ΢
ŮʬȷʵһʶҲֻǲһִ̫þͻɢ
ϪΡȻ˫ϣ۾ںͣͣջʻȥ


12 ؾ
Բǰһ죬һ˷ŴҴҸϹ
ûۭΧϪߣʮֲ졣
ָеϲʦ㣬ǸŮĿ𣿡
ʱؾд󲿷˶ۼߣÿһˣϪҪһȻۭȴһֱûй
Ȼоۭζ飬ɼܲʧ䣬ƫƫʱִ˵ЩĻ
ϪƳһۣŮ
һɨȵͷԶʱѹ
ղֻֻһʱˣǸŮ֮䣬ʦƫԷ
ң͵Ϫһۣپһϵľ
Բʦ㣬Ҿǹۭεѡȵ˵ԣġ
ϪջĿ⣬п޵һˡ
˵㲻Ἶй۲ˣκһֱȵпգʼδԷӰ
ҹīһӣֻһԲ¸ɽ֮ϡ
׵¹ɽȵʯϣӳһ齹ڵɽʯ⡣ɽȣ£һ㱻
ǰڹʱգ澰ȴǵһγ֣ԲʱµĵȻʼ
ĵͣڿУֻһ죬Ȼѿһķһµ̨ס
ĵˡ
˵ôһ䣬Χʱ
ҲϪʦ㣬ڿҪȥֻһɸѡ˵ĹؿΣա
Сڤؾÿ꿪һΣһֱû˷Ĺȵ»һĵǰѡеӣǰ
˵ǰĴζûܻ䴫УȴΪྭ顣
ڽؾ֮ǰѽϢ̽Ϫǰ̲סһ
Щ֮ǰҲͬϪ˵֪Է˵ǶԵģͷȥɡ
Ϫ˵Ȳͨӫпɿ塣Խ㽥ȥֻһƬڡ
ͼʩ˭ֻ֪һ˲Ϩ˼״׷Ч£Ȼһ⣬ʧˡ
ɣȡһҹ顣
׿ȻͨڵľӳյޱȻʹˣҲϢҹϵĹԼ
Ϫԭֹټ飺ԣͨӦô󷨻߰ɡ
ҲֻЪ˼ôںڰǰС
ûй⣬ûʱ䣬أܱͬеҲڲ֪ʧ
߳谵ֻʣԼһˣҲֻԼĻһɺڰ͹¼ű֯£С
ڲߵʦʦöʧϪ֮ͣ½Ųʼ˼ؿ⡣
һʼ˶ֻһؾڰеδ֪ΣգȴûȺڰһΣա
ûоͷʱռĸйٶʧȥãߵ˺ȻʧټϳʱҲ·ľвõıбʧصĿܡ
ԣ
ľ顣
һϪҲǰУƽȵؾ͵¿ʼ
Ȼ˺ûãǰĳʼ仯
оǰȻ⣬Ϫ۾ԼֻصĹɳϡ
ۭΣ档
Ϫпհһ˲漴
ǰۭη󣬶Է뿪׷ȥû׷ˣʦҲֻԭصȡ
ǵգۭڻˡ
ˣϪۭΣˣ
ۭεͷ΢Цʣţһˡڵ𣿡
ϪӦǣۭ˵뿪ãؾռСڤ棬ҲӦֻһ䣬ʵȺһҡֻһݣǵʱҺٹƽɡΣ
˵Ķԡۭͬͷ¶һɫ̫嶯ˣ㡣ʵ֮ͺˣǵҸ㡣Լʹ֮ûжĻ棬ҲͬġϪԲ𣿡
Ϫɫӵؿһ۵Ҵδֹ㡣
㲻ͺáۭ¶ɵЦ
ڿɻҪ뿪Ϫʵ
ۭǰ뿪
Ļһģϵذס
Ϫ΢̧סһһƼ䣬㽫ذ׶˹תִۭ̽ΡĿڡһɴ䣬һ˿ԥ
㡭Ϊʲô
ۭΡ̴Ŵ㵣׶ԷΪʲôô
Ϫ鵭Į㲻
þȷʵϢ޸˵ļ䣬ֻҪǼٵģȻ
ģµҲǸˣοԷݵĸ
ۭβ˵ҪΪĻҲʱһ
Դ˵Ǿ仰ϪʶԣԶȻҲ֪ǰǼðġ֮Բ𴩣Լȷʵ˳ĶΪˡ
Ϫһǰ˻ɢȥͬΧĻþҲʧ
һ˲㷢ԼȻһմĹ㳡ϣ㳡ǰһΡߴĹϷһƮһž޴ɫ棬淢ĹâŹԼܵĹ㳡
ϪϳɫĻ棬ҪѰҵСڤ棬ȴֻǹĻ󣬶
ʱ㳡Ѿһ
ϪƳһۣȴֲǱˣǰֵ˫ˮףɣʣһǵһμ
ԷȻҲϪ˫ˮȥзĹЦ
Ϫü΢Ʋסһѻ˵ͷ
ڼʱ֣ʱͷ
֮ʣµҲ½½ڹ㳡ϣֱһպΧŲµ˳֡
Ϫɨһۣڹ㳡ϵ˱ǰĹȵԼ֮һңʮһԪڵĵӡ
ϪǵǣЩûۭΡ
򵥵ľ飬Էͨôˣ󣬶Էǲټˡ
ϪȻ𷽲ڻþеðƻźԼڳһ㣬ڴˡ
-

ڿ
һ򿪣ڼ˲Σգһ˽ȥһҲŶǰ˰ѱﶼˡ
Ϫඣʦʦü䣬˽֮С
ĵǰǰѽĲˣܿıѱѹδΨһµҲֻ滭űڻǽڡ
ǽǽһĹؼڡ
ǽϵĻûо̬˶죬ÿܿľ󶼲ͬ
Լǵڶɸѡ
Ϫһڻǰ档
ǽϻһ轣ĺӣӽһȳЮǧǳ֮ɱʮ㡣
һ棬Ϊ֮һ
ϪԽȴδҵԼĵڡ
ձǧŽظʱδȴڴ˿̺С
Ϫ̲סǰһϸʱ˭֪ǻϵĳ䣬Ļзŵĺӣûʲôнʽ
еֻһӣƮɫө𣬺ӱһɫСϷջưһѹְ֮С
ϪаգգۣһΣϵľֱĺӡ
Ǵ
ϪӦǣɼʱ沢ûٴη仯轣ӣ佣й֮䵽Ϫȴʱ֮С
½ʽڶڻǰ
ȴʱֵĻǸӣʹļǾȻͬǰһ㣬Ϣʧתֱǰӡ
֮һϣӱ߶һֻڱ׸ޣ¹¹Ϫ뵽ǸĵԪޡںӱߺˮˮӫһ븹С
ٹϢֱ˳ʱͨģ
ˣϪʱҲвԣڻǰ
֮ͬǰһǽϵĻҲת䡣
ֻسֵĲӣһòɫȺ͵ŮˡŮ˵ʹüۣעŵһ״Ŀ̨
ϪŻ棬кȻһɹ֮Уֱߴ㵽ķǱȥȻ׼תʱϵŮͻȻ̧ͷ
üʱв飬̧ʱϪŷŮ˵۾ɫпͫףֻһƬܽȥ졣
Ϫһ̣Ҳȷʵʧԭء


13 ؾ
һշ䡣
ټĿռڣһϪŵһ˿¸ѪζζǴӵ洫ģذķ϶Լɼɺ԰Ѫһ㣬Ǽ鲼䡣
ϪӴо衣
Ȼֻģֵƾճڷ˻ųϪҪ˺ƬϪ״಻ὣֻ޶
֮Ϫŷֻ޲ͬһޡƺûʹУܵķʽƫԻʽģ·гҧϪһĿ
Ϫһ󣬲ӣѸҵһб
Ѫ˿ڴصף޵ʬȴһ̺ٿȻʧ
Ϫ״о
Լʬʧ̺󣬿ͻȻðֻȷֻҪһȦޡ
ͬǰһֻҲһϪ
ϪһΣصһ㾭飬һʼѰ޵㣬ٶɱǡ
ؽԼ̲ųµޣٶȷ
㣬һαһζ࣬ҲһαһʼϪĥе˼ȴÿʼϵĻϢ
ȤǣͬǰԸǰ㣬ϵĻϢЩƺҲмĿá
ֻǰ˿Ҳ֪ʹޣһϪųĻ𣬾ʼʹİһ֮ǰһǰĽ̬ƣɪɪˡ
ˣϪȴܣץ׼ŻһƬޡ
ס֡
һȸնͬʱгһӰ
Ϫ̧ͷȥֻӰΣһٿŹ䳤۵ĺˡ
Ϫؿˣ弡ĬĬֻҪԷҶػ
Ҷ˲ûй˼ֻ۵ؿ˿ϪĻޣһֽʣµǼֻ˻ȥ
޵£ŰĿ䵽ϪϣƳеʣǽޣ
ǡ
Ϫһߴһ߲²˵ͼ
ܾ˸ĸомϤ˼ãԷ仭ϼһģһ
ֻǻϵ˴ɾ䣬Դ޵ơǰȴǹۣݿºͣм֮УϪһʱûϵ
ǽޣˣ
ɻһ䡣
˵̧δϨ棬ƺҲǲ⣬
˺Ȼץһһ¶֮ɫϡ
ųڣ˶ʱʶף˲佫ʣµĻ˻ȥת㼴ΪޣȥӦȥĵطɡ
Էȫȫ˵ԻϪʲô֪գۼ侹ֻһض
Ծһշ䣬ֻǷĶȴ޻һˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧǡܡ
ʬŵʬֲͬƶɵķ
Ϫǰһ˶һ뷽ŵĺΪƵŽ£һѽ
Ϫǿ˱յָһ㣬۾ˢһٽϪܿл֮ͣǰԵеľ飬ʶû𹥡
Ȼ⣬б㴫˵ʹΥ߳֡
ϪԷգֻһԵС
֮ǰǰ㼱ڽˣǿʼϸϸ˵ĽнʽΪĥֶΡ
ַʽǰŽرùڻǰǣĿˣϪ̲ס˳
ֻϧվǻ֮ˣо֮վͨ
˽ʽ·ϪϽһ˽ᡣ
ǿʧԭغȻһľС
һԪдÿһ߱еҩ֮ĽϪľгֵҲֻ֡Ŵö㣬Լ֮ϲ
ţϪ߹ȥýľС
յģ
ܲʱվԶĶз绯˰ɡǵҩһ࣬Ҳǲ޿ܡ
Ϫ򿪵ڶڲ֪ٸӽˣ𽥽ʵ
Դ㣬ЩｱҲǺ⣬ֻһһÿĥ
һսϪʵս٣ȴͷ
һսʼسϪǰȴûмӱΪһˡ
ֻһˣϪȴûиеɣӾ衣
ֻǰĿսɱʮ㣬һһ֮ɡϣϪֿǸĺӵӰӡ
ʽһϪʱǳ֮ĸо
·ܿǳתĹ켣
һ˲䣬ϪԼսУֻ֪ѭǳĹ켣˳ƶδԵУȻһһʽһգ¿˵Ĺơ
һȻըɢĹâϪҲ̼ӳֱĿڡ
ʧϪŴ״̬ѹ
Ŀ뷽ڶе򣬻㱿ԼĽ
һ
ɱ

ǳ
ǳ֮Ͻ
ϪУѹֵΪҲڴ˿˱ǵƣΧӿ塣
ܴ֮ޣٶʹࡣõİ취ȻǾ͵ؽᵤֻҪᵤЩбǵƫƫϪµ֮Ϣһ֮࣬ʹ˽ᵤֻ¸
ҧ͵£ƴתһһѹŨüγˮһѹһ߲ϵسԼĽѪ⡣
ֻƬ̣ϵƤһѿѪһȾѪɫ·ϵľҲЧá
ʱһһȥܱӿƽĵҲɢ¶Ӱ
Ϫһ˿ԼŨѪζ治ɫʩ
ѹסˡ
ԹõҲʱðͷԸǼ㣬ǸϰĺӣֻϧܴҵĽ
˵ź̾˿ϪǰľУʦͽ֮Եʶ֣֮Ӧʡ
ϪŸڿеľУ
Լǰ򿪵Ŀպ̫࣬ʵûٿĹǷ붫ȻģӦвزǡ
ţϪǿƿľС
ӣһ飬дž޽顣
Ϫ֮ĿڿȲһ齣ǰڱڻϺͿ˼ģֱȱڻϺͿʹľࡣ
Ȿ޽żȻãԲţһ¡ϹȻЦԱʯͷʯͬһáҹδ齣ʯΪߡ
Ϫһõôимæߵллǰͱ
ʹҡҡͷˣԵĵ֮࣬Ψһܲǳ
Ȼ˽ǰԷڴʱ£֪Լ¼µĽУֹ۶Է⣬һ˳֡
ЩͬԷ˵
ˣ˶˴ãȥ
ϪͻȻȥҲͻȻ˻䣬ֻص˽Ǵ
ƺвͬǰĴտյģֻķڻֽڵ⴦ȴظûʣ޴ݻ
ذǹ֮̾ͣЧ
ʴ裬ľġһǱóȥԪӤʿҲΪ֮Ķ
Ϫ۲ʱź洫춯Լʦִܼ򶷵ʱٹ˲õбŶ


14 ؾ
Ǽ˵£ȰĪҪ£ݹҶ㲻˫ˮؿŶļ
ڼŮԶʱһεؿż磬ԲˣҪ㻹ǰҽȥɡ
Сˮģڣ˭Ҳ㡣סʹû¶漴תͷ˫ˮᶨ㾡ԲԣҶҪħе
˵
ۭ²ۣȴװһжı飺硭
˫ˮǸ̬ģһģԼϵҲΪʹޡ
ˡ˫ˮҧˮһۣżЦȻǾͳȫ㡣
˫ˮ䣬ֻһ߳߸ߵʬٿȻࡣ
ʬθߴ󣬼ʵɢŽڵѹ
ֻܾޣԿϽǱѹѹø֨죬ͷζӿˣǼᶨصǰ棬ƿһ
Էʬ
ۭμ״ɫһ䣬İ＾ⲿѹöԷȴûҪ֮ǻϪʦܣ͸ûȫ
ֻû뵽˫ˮ⹷ȵƣƽǲ壬˿Ϊ㣬ܹЩ鷳Ҳһᡣ
һƶŲסһ߹⼤ˣԭɽؾǾ߹ʬˣ˵ʬŵȺ϶֪ˣô
Ȼ
˭֪ʬȺΪؾڵĹʬķ˶󾹱һ͵ߣȺϼһɲǺˡ
˫ˮһ˿ţ漴ЦֻҪǽû˻֪
Ϫʱһ䡣
żʦܻģնҲ಻ģˣҲʦµͽܣ
ʬ֣Ϫæǰһ񵲿ԷĹ
ʬ׳ʵϪһ䵲¶ԷĹԼҲ˼
ʦ㡣
ϲ

ۭμҲΪȣ뵽Լڵݣʱסڲԡ
ϪûʱἾֻضŶһһʬ
ʬһɣȣƳȭһȭγһ޴ȭӰʯѹֱϪȥ
ϪٽӳһѤĽ⣬ȭӰཻȻըɢǹ⡣
ͬʱԲ˫ˮָٵ⣬һۭΣһһϪ
ܱϳ˹óıȻʲôöϪԽ׶ԸʬͲף޷ٷֳ
Сġ
ۭĿһ룬æǰʩסϮϪõ⣬һȴǳ塣
һ壬˿档
˿棬˼档ϸСѲ죬һ̼ʶʳʶ˷ʤһֱǱΪĶ
ϪһһδɢȭӰסԷ˿
ô
Ϫһżʵһ֣ʶŮӣԷΪҪ
û¡ۭҡҡͷԱҪҪʬͻ˫ˮټʱһǣȥ＾
Ϫɫкãǽʱ̣ҲöԣֻҷȽǰˡ
˵䣬ǽʬֽȭ
ʬϾǾ߹ʬһΪʵ֮һʿǿʢ࣬ϪӦЩ֮ǰǿѹΪʬϵѹڵʱֿʼòȣʱͻƵķա
ڻ֮£ϪԽѡ
һ뵽ˣֲòҧӲš
ڣսУӦһЩ𽥽ʹΪԵж׶ۻѹбʬϡ
أϪķ֮£ʬв֮
˫ˮɱãּˮϿҪų˿棬һҧָ⣬ʬֱӵ۷塣
ȼһȥʬϵѹϪòȶһʱ֡
ߡ
סѹҪ˶ȡһ˿Ļᡣ
Ϫ䣬һ˫ְļϣʬѹתͷǰİŮˣȻһϤ
ˡˮƣˣĽȥɣԸ
Ϫйʹðһ֣ۭΡ
ˮûлӦֻߴٵЩ˺ĪҪ顣
ԷϣϪмѾȷۭΡ
֪һϪĶʱڶ̶Ƭ֮ѸٽܶԷ֪Ҫǿʵ
ڱǵѹסϪʱԥѡ񽻸ΣãСġ
ġۭŻص
Ϫ˵ս֮⣬ϥ£ʼڱ׼ס
űһۭξļҲѸһ̣ԼΪ令
Ϫ˫Ŀգһзţתӿ̨ڵһһѹҺš
ڣһ̨⣬һŵɫĻǡ
ϪʱǻҲֳ֮Ƶ˱ͨ졣
Ǽѹͨһ֮ײһϪάֲסתĶȻʹ࣬Ҳȥ
ۭλڵ
ֻгɹᵤʬֻܻסԷ
ԼԼ䣬ϪںۭΣƺΪϳ⡣
æмҪԷ˵ԼԳŹȥ
ʵϣȴʲôҲ˵۶ޱȡ
ǰ˵ۭΣջͷһۼճɻ˵Ϫʱһ
ŭһ䡰˭ȥ
ʦ㣬һԪڵˣһħƾʲô֪ƾʲôܣ
һʱ䣬ۭǧ뷨վûסˡ
Ƿġۭҧһ䡣
ģһħޣЩ˵ĺ£ô£
Ҫˣ֪ܵô
ۭһֵʬһзٻ˽ĹϪϢԼʶദϸڣƳһ𰸡Сڤ档
ˣҪ˵õⶫмһĹͣԷһ뵱·Ѻˡ
˫ˮҲע⵽ߵͲϪᵤʧܣۭιȥʩָʹʬӴȡ
ۭμڰѣʬʱһʱϪߣȡһξ壬һԷڡ
ɫСڤɣкϪڻԡʯ壬̣Ϫȶ
˫ˮԼķѰҵĶױۭˣ۾õѪŭˣôң
ŭ֮£˫ˮǷ񣬲ݵʬҲԽ׺ݣһƽļķɳ
۷ʬȫһǼһʿֵܵģһ£ϵĹͷȫȻѣðѪ
ۭƳһۣһʱˣ㲻ٹܣרĶԵС
˫ˮ˽ƻĺܣѧһĹʮóܣܲץҲȱ㣬ǱԴôΣȴԲĳĵΪԼսʤ
ˡ
ȻԷôɱԼᡣ
ۭѸټƽţķʽòźۼ
ʵǸݼ¡
ۭο˼ѭ򽥽
Ǽװʧ󱻻ؿڣ³һѪװãۼֱʱһСһѹʬֲѹ̫ݣöԷɥʧϣ·ͬʱƳԷĵơ
δ˫ˮĵļһٶߣۭονɷѿġ
ֻȴ֪տݼƭ˫ˮƭڽᵤϪ


15 ؾ
ȿ~
ϪŶһһƺߣ
һ㣬ٿһ㣬ٿһ㡭
вϴߴԼڵҺתγһСС
вɰ̨ԭҪղ̨ȴһ̼߽⡣̨ɣϪǵҺнѹ
ֻһ죬һöԲĽ˲۳ͣϡɼϼơ
ϪӣûйΪٿȻۡ
ɲǼ䣬ۭεģ
ԷһȹڴбòմŵѪȹȾ죬ӲΡΡأƺһҪ¡ɼˣǼᶨƵصʬǰƲ֡
Ϫ˫Ŀ̵ɲһƬʱڶԷǰ
һӳȻķϢĽ㣬ֱӴ͸ʬǿ̼仯촷ۡ
ʬܴػٿ˫ˮܵӰ죬³һѪ
ΣʱƣʬΪѲٽ⣬Ըһаգٶһˣֻʤ㲻
ԴȴҲޱȣһ򲻹Ҫˡ
ۭμ״پû˼Ѹץס˫ˮѪһ˲䡣ֻ˫ָ£ԼؿڣƳһͷѪԼϵһöϣ֮һ
~~
ֱֱ˵ϣΪ֮һ
ۭ޲ܷȫʵͷѪӳɣ˫ˮղֱɣӳ֮Ķʱһ
ۭ漴ڿնһ䵽˫ˮߣѸײڶ֮ƣѸٽһСذ״ԷĿڡ
ذȥ˫ˮŷӦæһưĿ㡭
ˣרΪƵذף𣿡ۭըգۣһЦ
һ˵˫ˮʱԼʧۿɼĻۭηŭ:ˣʲô
ۭüӶֳֻôأҲҪӵ𣿿ɲø׼һݴ˵ǲǣ
Ҫһ̫Ҳػƣ㺦˱ˡ
˫ˮֻһ䣺Ǹ
Ȼۭȴٸ˵ĻᣬóһƵذףһ˶ԷĲӡ
󳹵׶һ̣˫ˮЩţԼľôˡ
ͷۭԾò̫ģתͷʮȻضϪϪҰʬˡ
ҡ
Ͳ˻ܡ
á
Ϫٷųһѻʬ壬æǰԷϵˣ˵ˣôôѪо𣿡
ۭŶԷżģ˳壬ʮؽһѽ~
ϪæڻУϵǸôˣˣеҩ졭
ڹ𣿡ۭؿϪָḧ˸Ȼܵõİܼ㵣ҵģҽҲ޻ˡ
ۭһŶԷʶ鰮Խ޼ɵѾԷ˵Ǹ׼
ȻϪĻشȴǣܵõҲ
ۭΣ
ǾˣǰǾʲô˼
ףߺȻһϼ⣬ͷϡ
ǳĽᵤ
֪ʿᵤһ־ƷƷΪΣƷΪƷΪáֻƷᵤʱܻ
֮⣬Ʒ֮ϣһ೬ѾƷļƷ𵤣ϼν֮ϼϼһ֣Ȼϼ⽵٣ϼⲻȹʿΪڵĳ⣬֮Խᵤмĺô
Ϫᵤ̹أϼ⾹ǳһŵ
ۭμ״æɿˣ˭֪Ϫȴ§ס
ȷſңĻԵͼȰ˵Է
֪ϪסҶЩϼ⣬ϵ˺ܿͻˡ
˼ϼˣ
ȻȷʵЩʹȥһ𾧣ҲûҪȡԷᵤõĺô
ãϵ˲أԿŵҩСۭμ
Ϫüҡͷҩûá
Է̬ǿӲϼɢĿ죬͵˼䣬Ȼ˲ϼ⣬ʱ˿Ҳãֻۭܾʹա
ֱͷϼɢ꣬Ϫ¼һۭ˿ڷŽ˷ſ˵֮ǰû˵Ļ⡣
ۭΣҲϪ֣ء
ۭ˵ţ㡣
ǰϪϱʶ鰮ۭ˵ʲôдȴ¶Ȼ˿ƼԷȴж
Ϫѹм⣬Է뿪µһǣвɴЩɬ֮ǰ˵£ҡ
ɬ
ۭξˣ
黨ľ飬ֱŵæ϶Էûϵ֪ܻӦң⡣
ϪӦΪԼһ䣺ǡ
ȻҲΪζӦһڴˣҸϣһ֮ˣպЯ
ۭᵽһ䡮ϪȻһԼԾĽ𵤡ʱæžûüϸȴ˼ƣԭ̹ϵ˼Ъ
֮ǰᵤʱһ˿භۭΣͻͬʱҲһЩ֢
ʱҲ֪ͽĺǷзɽ⣬˶ԷŵĪ粻˵
ţϪɫָ糣ͷãˡ
ۭΣ
Ӧˬ죬ѵˡ
྿ΣۭβʣϪҲ˵ԾôͿԽһ硣
̸ۭε£ϪԱ߻иʦڣæҵˣóҩԷС
ѵʱ䣬Ϫ뵽ʱݳģͬʦһ𣿡
ǵ֮ǰ˵Ĺϵܲá
ԭΪ˶ģɺؾżȻʦܣ̲ס͵͵һ㣬һˡۭһһ¼˸
˵껹ϪӯӯһЦʵģɺÿϲ𣿡
ϲϪҡͷϲԭģ
ԭ
ۭ΢üβǳЦ⡣
Ϫһ䷴ʣʶ̽ʵۭΣ㱾֮ǰģ𣿡
ۭԥǰǲôͻȻˣ
Ϫ֪֣պؾȥ㡣
ۭ˼Ƭ̣Լף췴ʵҲۭλܽʲôڳ࣬ݺβ㣬Լøÿأ
ƷʵһҲûϣʶ˳ĻԲˡ
Ϫûôۣ·Ϊõ𰸺㲻׷ʣۭҲԼĻ
ؾķʽ̫Ϊ˶ԵͻȻΪ⵽ؾų⣬Ϫ˵ãȻǼޡ֪ԼϾҪͳȥۭæʣ¼˵ꡣ
ҵˣǱǾʬãǸָӦпƹУؾᵤδ׽٣վ𵤣ȥ֮ǰЩ׼׽ʱӦԡ
á·ͻȻϪ뵽˻ûϵʽæʵҸ㣿
Ȼ˵ۭ꣬α㱻ؾͳȥȻҲûܸش
ۭߺϪϵʬʹ䣬ȼѺҲ׼뿪
뿪ǰϪ뵽Ƕãż»صǰһľ
Ϫǰ˸ı־Ǳ˵ļң˼̫ණסȴûǣԱߵļʲôˣ˵ذ塣
ϪĿɿڴ˭֪һ󱻶Էɹϴԡ
ˣԺҪеµˣҪҺڵģܼҵס
һϪѧãżó
ʲô麩㶣û˼
зݣһһ롣ڶԷԼʦܵķϣϪûΪѹˣѡƽ䡣



16 ؾ
֮һϪؾ˱㱻˳ȥ
Ϫվͼһƾͷ֮ϣеƺˡֹؾ⻹кüʿһؾơ
ɵĴӳϼ״ƺԤϰ㣬һ߲Ųæɢˣһ߲鿴ɽٵĵûԼҵӣԱ㼰ʱŻĳЩ͵Ϯ
һԪڵĴӳϺʶڼɽٵĵһɨϳеϪæɾͩȥտӣԼϪ߻
ʱһȥϪͷԽԽһ߼תγһ©״Ʋ֮УԽԽ죬Ҳ졣
һɽٵļʿǱѿʼ׽٣ΨϪ֮С
տſŨīĽƣƣҪȵԪӤ׽ˣ֪ʦֶܷ񿹹ȥ
հúõӸϹɾԿ϶ʦ岻صģϪʦ׿ƽɽٳɵ
ղ֪ĪŴӺζģɲһ׽١
ľٰ֮ɡɾƲ֮ǰʦʱı׽٣ؽ𵤣ӦϻҪЩ
ɽ𵤽٣𵤶ԪӤ٣ĸǾ֣ôڶԷ˵ˡ
ղɣչصЩ絽׷ʲô츲صı仯ʱˡ
Ը̾ʱԱߴһŮľ֮٣˵ѡ
תͷ뿴ĸӸԲѣƼ˶ղ¶ᡣ
ŮնʱŭĿҾ㣬ðһ㣬¡
ǳЦָʲôأ鳤~
ģκԵǺֱУ㲻ϵֻһζض
״ҲȤ㲻ٴԷתڽĵˡ
еΣ˶
ֻؼ¡һ죬һ˿Ȼ˺Ʋ㣬Żص׺ֱϪȥ
һף󣬺ĽֻգеǸΧɵĳϵӼ״ҲֱϧΨһԪڵĵǣϲģм˷ܡ
ԣ˷û
Ͼɽٵ˲ǱˣǿǵĴʦ㡣
һԪڵĵǶϪǿģϪȻ
źȻµĽףϪη޾壬ӭȥڿҪײϵһ˲䣬Ȼ̽ǵ֮Сʱסһ㣬Ȼ˶ԭء
ѽץסˣ
Χ۵ˣһˡ
룬׽ĵϪȴһҲͣץסǽ֮ӿڿһ޴һعסףɡ
׽֮ӿϪ塣
һ˲䣬Ϫһ߾Ѫըѵʹһ߸ܵ޸˺Խʵǿ
ͽץ׽٣̳׽֮
ͷϽƵϪΪ֮£Ӵƣ׽һһ
Ϫʮ׺о嵽˼ޣ޷աʹ˷Źδ˷ѣŷõԭ˼Ƭ̺Ϫȡؾõǿʯ׽֮Լı齣
ʯʵؼӲͨػ޷Ϫڴ֮Ϣ֮ʡ
ʮһ£Ϫ׵֮ƣȽʯ
ʮ£Ϫʼʯо
ڶʮ£Ϫʼߡ
سõľʽͨʱϰԵͬʽֻڿһ״Ļơ
ʮ£Ϫʼ׽֮齣
׵֮£׵ںϣҲЩ׵ԣԼɼɫĵ
ʮ׽ϣϪųɵ齣ʮ⡣
ѽ뵤Ϫ̧ͷ˿ͷδɢȥĽƣ΢΢ü
ѵβľ֮٣
˰Բ²Ƿ׽ʱõ˶µ׵ȴǳɫҲǰϸࡣ
ǳɫ׵ٶȼ죬ϪӦĻᣬµһ˲ʶС
һħ١
ԪӤŻеħ١
Ůޣ򵥡
һʱ䣬һͬͷ
ϪǼᶨܿȹһħ٣֮ס
׽ٹϪȹһΪ漴ȲؿʼȺۭεӰȻǶԷ뿪ˣϪؾⶼûˡ֮£ֻȻš
һԪڣ˵õɹᵤĶʱһ롣ѺЩ鷳ҽɹȵҲת
һн꣬Ϫڿ޸ȥۭΡ
뵱߶ԷҲϲ㣬Ϊ£һͬЯִ
Ȼط̤ÿһ䣬ȴʼնûҵԷ
ʹҲ˵ʶнۭεˣƻص˶ûСͬؾԷʦʦá˵ǲˣǴû߳ԵˣûһۭεŮӡ
ǣôܻûأ
ǵؾʶϸڣǵöԷ˵ϲǵöԷƴǰ
ÿһԷйصļ䶼̵ӡܻǴ
ǱֻĴ
һߵȻ̮ħ١
ϪۣǰϤĳһ˲ĲʵУֲʵڿԶ뼾̸ʱʧˡ
þûгˣǵöԷҲħڵģۭͬһš
ϪһԼͬ鳤ãǰǰ
ᰴһϪֵǰжƵģ˻á
Ϫźۼջ֣˺һһһ۵ð
ǰָ˴ţҲðϻͬףӦˣھͬһħڰ䣿
Ϫüšе£ǰءϴδͬǰ˵׵ĻӦҪǰħڣҲǰĪҪ˵ЩĻ
ĻûȥֻС¡֡
ؼɶʱеģ
ô֪
Ҳû뿪ɣĪƭģ
ҧҧֵؿһ۵ˡϲұ㲻ϲˣοЩĪеĵҡ
ĪСϪȷʵϲˣѾ϶ҴΨһĵ¡
ͷһ㲻õԤУŽɵŶҵ֪˭ô׾͹ѩģ
ϪۭΣҲħڵĵӣǰ˵
ԼħþӰ죬ʱҵһ϶ۭεĴڡ
Ȼ
ֱûдܵĿ졣
һ߰ңһ־һĪС
Ͼǳһ׮ծҵͷϣȻԷ֪ԼҪҵˣܲʱòˣȻ
ͷװ˼ӣ˶ٷ˵ۭεġŶôһˣʲУҲÿûȤ
лǰ֪
ϪۭǧãԷЩżڶԷݣû˵ʲôۭκñ㹻ˡ
ֿۣˣҲˡ
ǲҪȻҲûϪ಻Ҫ˴Ҳܵ˸ǰЩĪ
ߺϪħʣµĵңȷۭû棬Ҳûи˺ֻȻţ֮д㡣


17 

ڣһ߾Լĺӣһ߿Ź·Ĵһһ̾ų
ǰͽܻ֮ʹ
ſɰõСͽܱһģ
ڣԷ;޵˵Ҫ˽͸ˡ
Ϫζֱɫʦ
ŵͽܣ̾һСϪԼ˵˵ųȥ죬ôͰԼŪأ
ˣˣҲƭˡ
ζӳ£
ʦϪĿ⣬һ˿ΣͽТʦ
ࡡ
һ⻰ûԼקһ
Ϫæʵʦû°ɣ
ȻǱˣڻ֪
ˣֻһȴֳһ˿ζСʱǸõСͽԶһ䵭飬˵ͽܡ
̲֮࣬סģϾСϪʦ㣬ֻǵ㡣ٲãҲ˵޾Ͳ޵ɡοǸʲӼɼ޵ˡΪһ֪ϸޣƭ㵱ΣǶԷպֵΣĪҪһε˵ֵΪ
˵ѲֹǺɸ֡
ᡣϪִ֣ش⣬ֵá
һ飬ʱͽܵжִ漴һǶȰᣬԼûйѹƣպ𶾷㵱ΣܷǷʹࣿ
Ϫûɣܡ

аɣִ⣬ԷСҲȳ˼ͣᶨҲڡûͽܵľģϾСͽܣв̡
ֱĲУǱȡػֶΣ֡
Ҳ˵ģħޣԹħ
Ϫ΢΢üͬؿʦСµ۹⣬һ˵ƶҲҪԡУ¶ۡôȻ֮
ͽָܰĻЩ飬Ʋ֣ǲǵ㱻ƭ˵ħҲЩ׼֮ͽǹװͽױǵĻƭ
ʦҲɵϪŶԷĵӦ֪ҵı£ǻˡ

ֹĵ㲻ɵ
ͽ۴Сʵ϶˵ײͷ
ǵϪСʱԼȥһСӶ˵ʯͷ㡣Ϫǿʯͷǰ죬ֱԷȥƭ
ϪʱȻ϶ʯͷ£ԶԷ̹ϲû˵ϪסСӵӣӲ˵ԷԼˣҪ⡣
££ΪϪԵһ
˵Ϫʤ㲻ʵСȴûռŰãֹûռãͼϪӾŵƻɰڵϡ
Сԭһλϵĺ󱲣С츳ڱ߽ţϪһ꣬ҲǸСޣļʶ̣ʱŵ۴
һ޾ˣֵǰ
ʱԼϾ˵ģֵ̫ѿȰ˵Ϫͼ˵ԷֻǸЦ
ϪһģҲſޡ
޾ͰˣƫʱƿԼ壬һڻʧأ˶ʱƵֱڵϴ
߰СޣʹĥĲһʧأǺҵ˦䵽ϡϣ˲ȼһƬƬ⡣
ûָҲû˸ָΪǷ֮ǰһҪһңȫϡ
ͽʦ
޳ܵʦͽֻҧ裬СӵĳԼóһʯϪա
һ
Ϫʱŵİ׺׽Űݷã˳һ佣ʿǿģһԵ˽
ͷӱݺһ١
ʮʱ˵һ佣ؿ򵽽⣬һյȥر
˵Ϫ´ĥ¡

ϸȻһ¡
ʲôƭƭģƭͽܵˡһ䡰Ϊ֮ɡ
˲ʱ¾ᣬʼԷ
ϪΪϿˣޱذʶĵ¶˵ˡ
óĽ۱ǣС츳ƭƻƭɫ
ԼɵֵͽܣֻŬһѣһϣѶԷĵϸ˵
ȻˣҪȥħҾͲٷԡ֮ǰȱչعΪתټȴҲûУЩ㰲޼ѽ޲ȫ̸ڵ¡
ϪԸ˵лʦȫ

ʵȫκͽܴ˲ʦ

ʦ뿪Ϫֱȥŵѧãѩѧ
²ȷʵһ˼
׻δɵѧã·Ϫһֻɫʯϱıѩ˭
ѩ
Ϫһָ׽䵽Էǰ档
ϪϪѩϲ̧ͷʹһУˡˡ
Ϫͷ˳ֱëҲˡ
棡ϪϪ㾹Ȼ˵²Ҷˣ˵Сʤ»𣿺ٺ٣ϲ
ѩǸ죬һ˵ͣϪ岻ϻֻܾš
˵ϪѩžͿʼ߿࣬Щҡ
˵û䣬۽ȻƳһϤΡ
ϪϪʦȻѧ˵Ķס
ϪȻͣ£ɻ󣺡ô˵ˣ
û£ͻȻҸ׼ǿѩɽɡѩѹ
Ϫ׻صѩɽ
ǸץӵĳչǳһֻŶԷߡ
ѩνһܲ˵صشܲζáȻѩŨ̶Ȳͬ⣬ûгͨܲĲ֮ͬ
ᵽԶһ磬ϪԷ˵ۭε¡
˵֮ǰϪãջǾƽֱ
ѩϪʯӣ֣أҵˣԺһס
ѩŮȻԺۭν󣬶Էһס
£ף
ѩԼˣצԼֻ䡣
ѩŵϪϪո˵ʲôû壬˵һ顣
Ժе£ˡϪ˶ٵұչһʱձȥžۡ
ŶĶûг⡣
ϪˣãպҪúദ
ѩı˲ѿֵ:ǾȻӶˣ
ûޡϪϽؾ
ѩ𾪣ûǾˣлУ
ûСϪüպٿЩĻ
Ůôӣ
Ŷ
֪Լᣬѩ㲻˵£ĴСײͻȻ˹ˣҪ˽һµġ
Ŷ渺̬ȣѩϪϸһŹκһϸڡյóһƵĴ𰸡СײҪƭƭɫˡ
Сײ˻۵ŴԷϢϸҪ˼ء
ѩŶԷһڴɬģЩɸ֣κû֤֮ǰҲֻܰҧ
רϢģ顣ѩԸ¡
飬飬ҪĸĸòҵСײˡ
Ϫ֪㣬޲ɣ㽫½ԷԼҲðȥ̶չء


18 
һ
Ϫء
ת䲢£Ϫǰľ黹ڣһصٶȲһʱ䣬㽫Ϊȹ̡ŵ˵ԵʣֱӴӽ𵤳˽ڡ
Žᵤһ꣬ٴνס
츳űǺ£ϪȴȻˣֹԸٶס
ǰϪֶһҪ侲ܲͲ
š
ϪͷҲԼ
СסĽ˶٣ĿڵŮƭ㣬ǲϲ㣬ֻǱģҲĪҪ̫ѹ˽˽ӻţ֮飬֮վ顣
Ϫһۣ񴫴ԼĲϲңġ
ͽַɵˣ磬ܵУϲ㡣
ҵԺ󣬾ͻʦΪֵ´䡣նֺá

Ҳôż
ϪˣҪ鲻ʱա
ʦͽϪضѩһȥãҵʦҪӵ
Ȼ֪ʦΪҪȥ񣬵ϪΪһԪڵӣűӻԴȻҲΪЩףҲûʲôԸ
Ϫӳнӹϸ鿴еݡ
һԪڽڵһƫԶСǣǡ
Լǰнͨʧ٣̽ץһڵаޡайȻʧ٣ƽҲֻάһ¡
һº󣬳½ʧ٣ʧٵȴڵʿֹ£ʼʿʧ٣İŮҲ֪°ߣһºƸ顣
ò鲻ýŮҲɥ֣ϳĻ̻̣Ⱥ鼤ߣ֮£ֻܴŸ
ԷѶϢ̬ĳҲû룬ֻ䶨λ֪ͨӽ⣬ʱϨΣգʶԣæȼ
ϪҪĲǲСʿʧٱ࣬ҪȻǼӡأ鲻ãϪֻܰ˵Ӻȸȥˡ
ݣĵظһݵͼ
ؾһ⣬ϪҲ֪Լ·²óԽѩ·
˶ǵһεԶţѩڼԼȶԷ֪Ķ࣬ḻ֪Գһ̿ʼһֱų侲ļơ
κΣֲαƹ
棡ѩȳ߾ϰϪϪ㲻ҪȥħǸСֲ˳·ΪʲôҪ񰡣ǻһɡ
߽СǣһͲ棬Ųȥ
ʦҽӵģܻϪĶ䣬УܽСס
ѩԼĶק֪֪ܵˡ
ͷǲöԷȥǸСģôһѩʱų⡣
ȻͷýӵģǾͲˡϻ״ܲˣȥòãϪϪ
ѩһ˵ԼĶϪһֻ۾ȣͼϪͬļƻ
κϪ˵ŮĹư㲻ΪУҪ
ǸС
ϪϪǰģ¾ȻΪ˸СĿ
ѩñȥ
-
ı߽ϣһһ˽˰²ŵ⡣
ϪûѡֱӽǣȲ鿴˳ﷶΧڵĵطһɽͷһɽµĺۼаΪ
ɽĵطΪأֻҪϸҶܷ֡
ҲᵽʼץһаޣɽȴûһֱţδЩŹ֡
̽⣬Ϫݵ͵˳ǡ
֮ϪŷֽճҪ䣬֮պøϳе֦ʱڣԳ˷ǳ࣬ϲա
ϪѩȷԼûָ·ǶҪԼҴ˵ط
ϪװѩûաŽֱ߸ɫС̯һҪȥֻ飬̰棬ҲΪԼһڡ
ϪϪ㲻ҪϢˣ㰲Ľңҵľˡ
Ϫ˽һȷʵ㣬ͷͬ˶Է顣
֮󡪡
ͱһòŮޱһֻɫڽĴй俴֣ﻹͣػŸֳʳ
ϢϪɻ
ѩ϶Ļشԣû
ϪԼоԷڷѩ̸̯УҲȷʵһЩڳ˿ʧٵ£ֻԼģ״лɡ
һһڳס˼գϢ˲١ʧʿļгϪȥκβûв鵽õаҲڽ俪󣬽ټδ֡
Ϫ޷ֻסڳһ߼һߵȴ
ϪմӳȻյѩϢϪϪҿСˣ
ѩеС룬ֻۭΡ
ûȥҶԷԷȹˣ
Ϫ֮࣬ٶȸѸܿѭѩϢҵط
ԶԶأϪ㿴̨֮ϵŮӡ
Էһɫ£Ťϸ֫źƵֱڿвͣ任ڳƣϵ֮
һ裬һ߿̨µ۲ת˫ĵ۷˵ġ
ϪĿ˵
ۭΣᣬۭΡ
Ϫ̼ǵѩѲ鵽Ϣ͹գм𺳣ѩɽ̶ڵɢ˴롣
ħȷʵһۭεŵӣһģһ֮⣬ϢȴϪʶǸȫԲϡ
Ϫ֪ۭΣ83꣬ˮľ˫Ը󷽣ķ
ϢеۭȴѾһٶ꣬ˮľ˫ԸƧ˽ϾԼĶڡΪҲڳؾºŴᵤϢ
Σؾ˫ˮѩҲ鵽ȷʵˣԷѽԪӤۭ꣬ͨʿûн
˵ͷһħʥŮᡣ
˽ԭҲۭθϪĻϣ;ǡ˫ˮԷòſھҪ¯֮˱˽³Թ
ϣ겻಻٣ðʮ
ϣˮ
Ըϣ˶֪ƽʣĻ֪֮
ΪϣᵹԪӤΪؾжԷʹֶΪҲǺġ
÷ıһ׶塣
еϢһϣϪɵҲбè塣
ǶԷδϪǰӲĲͬǸ⣬ٻϪɵӣԼޱ
ϪϲɵҲԷǱֻǰߡ
ۭβһпԡ
ᵤʱԷȻǵ֮˵ףɺûԷİʾ
ԼǰؾܾҲ֪Է᲻
ٵǰϪĽŲͻȻЩɡ
ʱ̨Ѿһϣ۾ȻƳվ̨ǰļʱһָ°͵ϷλӺΣ
ʦܣ
ô⣿
뵱ҵ湴ҵ£
ϪĿƳ棬ʱˣ̨˳ưһ̡
ʦܻĶ飬㲻ϲ


19 
һ, ϳˣԭľɽ˳ŤŤ, ֹסԷĲӣЦʦܲУʦУ
ϪۭǰӰ죬֪ۭκͬһ֮ﺱضһ˿ݲڼԷʦܡ˵ЦʱﵽֵԲܲ˵سȥ˱˳ʦҩ
ڣĻشƽе
ϪŶԷϤһ˿ȷȥ, ׽˵ǰںһ
ֵĵͷš
ţǻߵʲô˼
Ϫϲ㡣
ԣЦŨİһ£˵Ŀϲ
Ϫ֮һ׵, ǰһòͶġ¶Էֶ, Ϫǵֵס, ͣ, ֻԼҪʦʳˡ
ôŵˣȻСᣬǲ
˵žҪɿ֣ӶԷ˿
Ϫֻ, Էһ±ͱ¶Сϸ֫¶棬־ֱӰڶԷϡ
ʱϪרע, һ㣬¶Էһ, ǰػļҲڶԷĥ䡣
Ϫʶסǽϸ⣬оԼҲҪ
Ϫźߣѧһ֪ͣҲϲףҵĵ¡
ⲻԤеķչһʱЩ¡
ΪϪԸ񣬱ȻԴǵľܾ˭֪ԷȻӦˡ
Ӧˣ
ϳ˰ɣ
ӦôӦʱԱ߱˻˵ļȺеѩҲΧ
ʦ㡣
ʲôϵһϪ۾ʱоϻرչĵطֿʼʹ
ֱһ̣֪֮ǰŶԷΪʲôͻȻҪ顱ĹˣԭǳԴס
Ҳ԰ϻزΪۭʦ㾹ôͱˣ
⸴ӡ
Ϫ³˼ο󣬼ѧˣȥԷùͷ
˶٣Ļһգʦ㣬ôҲˣ
Ϫǲע⵽һ㣬תͷһۣ䵭ѩȥ棬·
ǣʱ֪ˣ
ѩƳһۣӵûзü׵С
õǲֻϪϪôһ㡣߯࣬Ӿ֪ﲻʲô⡣
ѩ裺Сǲʹ
Ϫĳƺõصһۣǰôģˣ
û
ѩбҲýкίСùƳΧһƬˣϺһ֣еغһס
᣺ͫ׵
̨ΧȺڣ
ʲôĪϲ˾֣Ǳֻб֮ͥ±һֻɱˡ
⡭ʱ¶Ϊֻ߲㣬ֻȴǽޣ鹧λǰֻϴˡ
ǶһƷֺ
ѩһ±ĵϹˣûϴס
Ȼһͨʿǵڵء
ᷴӦһ£漴һǱдŵϪķ
Ϫ״æ˽ס˳һѽͷ޶ôˣ𣿡
һϪﲻɻѩô
ۭؿڣҡҡͷԱ߱ĺӡ
ѩԼŴֺһס
ϪؿѩһۣҪ˵
֮ǰԷ˵ĺúõģ׼СҲʽȷϵ֮ǰס
ѩɵã
ϪֱӸԷ˽䡣
Ǳŵһ
һ̹˱׵ϲȫ̡
̼̫ˣеܲƳԱߵϴʱ⡪ҪΪԼһݡ
Ὺʼϴʹɫ
ϴ󿴶İʾǰʲôأ˸ҷſǱүǮū׹ӵǲǣӸ㣬ûšŪֻӳӱ¿ˡ
һ˵һҪϪֻûˣԼȱ¸̨
ϡĴһЩڵʿϪΪ˺Ⱥڽʱͽѹڣһʵ˸쳣
ϴΪڣʵһаԵϰߣּϪһεεŮޣȫûϡ
ôһأˡ
ϴ𿪣Ტͬ飬ֻжԷѰڸˣû
ϴһ磬Ϫʶⲻ˵ĵضȰ˴ؿջ˭֪ȴԷ֡
Ϫ⣺ôˣ
Լı飬ŬмᣬϪధԲܸߡ
ΪΣ
ΪΣϴһߴһߴūȻܸߡ
ϪתͷŲŴӵˣƵո˵ʲô
ϴһֹȥ
ǰȻϳԹһؿûӼϪκ˸Լ
յᾯϴֻӲͷƤظ̨ϡ
˵Ůūǿдɡ
ʿͬͨԼа֮ԼūͷѪ˵൱ūİ
ϪȻ֪벻ͨǣ˵ʵôƷᡣ
Ϫ÷ʱ룬ֻ᣺𣿡
һ߰类ȺŮūһ߸ϴݻ룬˲׷Źҵġ
ԣӿҪʯġϴŲӸ͵
ϪҪ٣
ӲɡæֹһֵǰΪ˲ơ
ѩֱͬκ˵ֻصͷ
ϪвϲԷ˵һŤͷͽͷϣŶԷһѹ
ϴŶڳɫҿڶҪֿ᲻⣬ҲҪֻսսȷظһ䣺ҪҪ٣
ϪƳһۣЩͷ
ϴƼᰵб˸ʮڵŮ˵ΪͣǼƷеļƷõȥҲһһһƷʯ
һʯϪסĻͷԡ
˵ƵóһƷʯӸԷߴٵ㣬ҡ
ɶ
һʱ䣬ܹϪδĥļһѩԵһЩ⣬˽ޱȡ
ʵΪǿǿĲûСϪģ̫ƭԣɣһɵʣ˭֪ﾹһаԵˡ
ʵǣϡ
˻ãѹĵϴȴ͵͵ĨһѺ
⣬ͬ⻹ǲͬ⣿
˼һϴѡóһαϪҹӳǣĴط
˻
ﰵȴ˿¶Ҳû̫Ȼ̳ϣҲӽϪӽҲˣ˳㻹ܵϷϷˣδɡ
-
صջϪɾعϷţ֮⣬תرס˼õˡ
֮ǰ棬ϪǣܿԼһصջֻʣʱڿԷ̻¶Լļ
һᲱϵһۭ̾ΣҺ㡣
Ȼ֪ˣҲȫǸɵģʱµݡ
һ߸̾һߺƿԷίʵǰҽۭΡǰǰҵˣ
ϪΪǽԼۭ֣ϾǰֻǼٽݣĿڵûˣһֱ㡣
֮ǰؾҴûİʾûϳ˵ЩܾĻһȥϢտҳҶ׽٣ǵҡ֪ΪпԲϣԲ˵ЩʾĻעԲԣ
ڶˡ
һʱ֪ÿ޻ǸЦá
룬Ҫȥġ
ǰ˵ĻװɵСڴﳤ󣬲δȥʲôؾǰҲδǰǰϴˡ
ϪЩģҵԲװʶң
ҡεֻȷʵǰϲǸˡ
Ϫǲţ뵽Լؾ͵͵Ϊۭһ˵ƶ񲻻ۭأһԱ֪ϻزûϵһδ뵽µһ֤ķӡ
ƼĶȴг
ķûУϻزǳѣɲٸԷᡣ
ȻϪĽʾǰֻһͨͨŮޡ
ⲻܡ
Ҳ׹Էʮȷ϶ԷۭΣϴ
᲻Էִֻ֣飬Ϊɹһ룬ϽȴΪԼһġ
£һСĸ˫Ĺ¶һԷŵԻʮʱĸȥ׸ּò㽫ϴ
ϴƽרŮޡƭǮƵĹ
òϴڵ¯߼ֵһֱûȥƽȥֶЩʯԴ
ϴڵΪƫƧС˵Ƕ⣬һʿֻԡ˭ϪΪߵӲ磬ϴŲɿڣҲ˵ຣ
ϪͷβҪˡ
Ա߱˺õѩ״ֱţݺײһϪȣָԼֱС
Ϫż˽ԡ
ɵϪϪƭģ㲻Ҫ
ûֻһؿϪίǿǰ㲻𣿻˵
úÿһЦܹΪԣΪ𡣸˵һͶкøеˣҪԷǾ͸ˡ
˰ΣǺȻͨһ㣬дһɾмǰ֮ǰ潫ҵһˣҲԸ
˵ԸʱѾ˲ͬʱβһ
Ϫͷһţæҵظᣬһ߰ǣ㣬ޣûа㵱ˡ
Ϫ͸ԷֶΣѩܿɡȻչڲޣͰĹ֮£Ϫ˷䡣
ϪϪңǸƭӣ϶ǸС
ѩҲԸԷǣ϶ԷȴʲôϪϪ˵õģֹϪϪţǼĳ̶ȣŪصĺ
֪Ϫһ۽յķţͷס
ղŵһβʧֻܺһżȻĽһΣصóĽԷȴҪҵɡ
⣬Ҳѩԭ򣺡пԣʱϣҪ
Ҿ϶ǲ븺Թ㡭
ǣôóĽۣôû
Ϲ˵ϪԽ˵Խˣпԣǹƭǣǵ
ѩɿԷпԵӣһʼϪõú𾢡
һ£˵ȴһ£Ҫô£
ȻװʶңҾɡϪ˵ɣʵȴܲѡ
ϲ˾ǰȴܱװʶúѹ֮£ϪȻŻһѪ
ѩŵһ飺ϪϪôˣ
û¡
Ϫ֪ʹýĺ֢ĨȥѪ
ѪˣôûأǱǸСû𶾷˰ɣҾ֪
ûе£Ҳ¡Ϫᣬֻ룬ӦǾǰǸ˵֮Ҫ



20 
ѩ, ϪȻǰһڣֱʧȥʶ
ϪһΡ
ֻص˰յĸ̨, Ծɴ̨裬һϣָż˵λС죿
ϪüһݣҪǰֹȴԼֱӴ͸˶Է塣һĻϪӦԼǸξ֮С
Ϫûгֵֻ֣ᡢһмŮ, Ҳ˼ξϪ˵Ҫ
Ϫʱֱ˹

һ仰ûʳڣȻԷץס֡
Ϫߵ˵Ҿȵ㡣
޹գգ˵ǣǰңим
ϪҪҡ
ǿǿ֮, ֳһؼʶ, ǿҪ˱ġ
˶ֱ, ҪԼ, ȴϪյø
̾˿ǰϣôУˡ
Բ𡣡ϪæǸȴȻϷſ, ֻЩԼ롣
᣺
˿Ů˵ӿ浽װЩʲô˯һôͱӣ
һ̽Ŭʯ, ӱǰ
Ϫڴ˲ʧֻ಻á
æ˵ǰŮ, ̷ң
ϪɫȻ⡣
˵Ȼ
Ϫüչá
øƨ
ǳ˳飬Ȩ±ԷһǿɲС
һתüĵǰǸ𣿡
һʣϪԷ˿̻Ըϣϵ˵ûУ֪㲻
ǰˡҧҧԹƳһۣΪλҪӦĻ
Ϫ̹ȻϲҲϲ㣬ΪβܴӦ
Ƭ̣뷨ӡϪôôġתȻ㻨Ҳ̹ġ
Ϫеʱ򣬼ĬʱŵΪʲô˵뷴ڣ֮ǰ˵ϲңѵƭҵģ
᣺ˡ
û뵽Լᱻ˱ƵϣϲͬʱϲˣýܣȻһҲôô˲ˬأ
ֻ˵ģһα
ʲ
ǰץƯŮˣжʱȼ˶־
סԷ֣ȻǣǰĵһۣұϲǰǰϲңҲҪôǰߣֻҪǰܶ࿴һۣȥҶĸԸ
ϪԶĻҪΪȥ
Ҳϲ㡣ϪжرסԷ㲻ģһһֱ㡣УԺҪǰ
ᱳ˸ۣǲ֪Ӧôƺ
Ϫ뵽ξжԷԼĳƺĿ΢Ϫ㡣
ȥգĽзܡ
ǳ˳飬СʵǰܱһСһЩأ
ϪüЩԹζΣ
СأżܽУ㲻
ûỹˣĸˣæĵĪðһ߳ܺϪ㡣
Ϫ㣬ȴ ѩʱʱ
ǰˡ
ûбһ̶ֻĺøжȸˡ
ѩһɻǹϵôã
ֲЦˣѩѵõĸ˶Էһӣšһ
ᣬѩĵϣĵؿϪϪϪڸоôûﲻ
ϪǰȻιȥû⣬תüһŵĵӿȷ϶ԷûԷġ
û¡ѩͷοǰ̫ˣġ
ʵǣǿֻҪԷû£Ը˵ѩҲ׷ʡ
ðɣ´οɲˣ屾͵С㻹ңҪǰˣûú˵ˡ
Ϫͷ֪ˣԺ󲻻㡣
ѩϪְĿתƵϡ
֮ǰæûüʽܡסԷַѩצϣѩģҰŮպһѩСѩɡ
ǻҪﰡ
ܣǰΪҸߣ²ס
ϪΪ⣺ҵˣӦˡ
ẬӦðɡ
ѩǲ˵ƲƲ졣
-
ϪϢһʧһ⣬嵹Ѿá
ȥڽһԷ˭֪Ų֪˲¥²ŷֶԷˣʱʦ˵Цġ
Ϫоǰ£Թôһ𣿡
͵ˣϢᣬû㡣ңҲǰһϲʲô
ԭǹ
ϪˣƳ˼һ˵֪ʲôֱҾͺˣҶ㣬ʦʲô֪ûá
æͷԣʲô֪
ϪʦܵʶȤתͷᡣ
ᵱȻ˵ֻҸڽӽסԷֵãֱϪ㡣
š
ϪϪиǵ⣬ü۳չ
飬Ҳ͸Ц⡣
֣ÿӼһݵϪߣǵزȳϲ𣿡
ϪҲҧһСڣŶԷ۾ϲ
״ЦŨת־ϪҧĵطԼҲҧһڣҲϲ
£졣
Ϫ߶ϵĴ꣬е㲻˼
˺⣬ĸζƺҲûôˣƺԷԹǿóһ㡣
ϪһǸжˣܿ㽫뷨ʵ
ѧҲһιԷҧһʣµһȫԼ
껹һ۵Ҳܺóԡ
еؽʳ
ôԼ˵Ĵ
ѩΪһܲ⵱ᣬݺݵҧһڡ
Աߵļ
ȻԼʦ˾ڶԷļִݲϡﻩۼյĸŮô飬ЩӦ
ûã¥ļΡ
ʦܡǽ˼һſϪˣŵѣá
ꡣѩʹܲɡ
״æתͷѩǰ
ѩצϵʳмֵصͷš
ģΪͯкЦûбֳ
һԵϪֹͣιʳ
ϪվλǼˣնлΪˡ
˵λҲʦܵڶ֪еһλεˣѩ˵ʱԷΪ壬¼ˣϪ࿴˶Էۡ
յĴһϴųˮɫŵӷͷһڣʿų񣬵ǲͬư
ŵѲؿһѣûаæ˵뼾ʦͶԵʦ㣬Ҫæġ
˿һ̸Ϫȴ֪ԭҲΪѰһʧٵĵŵӡ
ϣϪ£ѯϢ


21 
ʧٵСʦ, ΪڡԼһǰǲժ𻨡ԭߴ඼ʿ, ʦ෨룬Σա֮ʵ޷ͷһ˹ˣԼʮպɽ档
ʮ֮ѹ˭֪ʦþһֱû֣ȥĴҲûлŲӦǳˡ֮ǵ·ʦܣλͬǲ˿ʧٵ£֪ࡣԭһͬλһԪڵĵӴһϢ, ˭֪˳ŷ֣һԪڽǼλҲһʧˡ֪Σգ˵ʲôҲԹġ
Ϫ𣬰οǼλʦܵĻڰ¶ǰȻ٣ûȫϨ, ʦӦҲǲ
ͷ, Һͼʦѱ˳, ȴһֱûа޵ټԼİҹ, ԺһһʼʦܣҲֵ, ƽշӦҲȴһ˯ͷȫȻû鿴
֮뼾ʦܳŴϢʱ, ˵һ˱ץˡϧԺ, ųм䣬ʿԵʣаޱδ֡
Ҳͷ׷ȥ˭֪кȻһԣҪ£ڶղżǰһ״
ǵȻڣ˶æ͵ץԭסĵطȽϽһ˯ʱԼһ
ʵϣ᲻ˣ׷˳ȥȴС˵Ĺƣ˸ˡ
ңɣԷΪֹͣץˣΪĴݾ߾ٶЩӲͣ
ϪԷһޣУӦ
˵ǵǻ˯ԭ򡣱塭Ϫ˵Ŷ˶٣Ѻʦʿסа޹ס
Ϫ¹죬ԶԷʵĵֵסǵ
ԭϪֻýɻʣµϢ˽Ϻ÷ж
ͼǰȥͳǱǱʧٵࡣ
ϪᣬԼѩȥǶͳϡ
ͼһߣѩģҲϴԸȥϹˡ
ֻʣˣϪ뿪ߣһ̽
˵Ϫȥǰסĵطһ
ţԱߵ˵һ䣺λʦܹϵС
ͷҿλѶʦƺкøС
ϪذԼʦܵϵ⣺ʦȷʵԵĺãʦʦǺչˣ˲١

оԷƺָϪֱ޹־Լˡ
Ϫ˵ʦһ࣬պĪҪӴ
ԭôһȦӾΪ仰
ЦսʵΪΣ¼ᣬǡҲʦס
У㲻ϲϪһץס
ЦϪȴеξ֮ǡ֪ΪΣܾǸξĸоһ㣬ֹס֡
ʱϪǰʦĶѶԷһԪڡУʦҲš
ѽͬ㿪ЦôͼˣתסĲӣף΢Ϫ֪ģֻϲ㡣
Ϫ۽΢˻ȥҲֻϲ㡣
ֻϲңһۣ׵ۭιأѽԺˣ
Ϫ΢΢üǰ˾ۭΣԷΪ֪Լˡ
˼κϪԼıֻϲ
ƳһۣϪĿ󣬹Ȼʦͬһš
Ϫ⣺⣿
ҡͷڵػ
˵أϪԼǻ֮ˣû֮ϺţֻڿԼ
ɡ
ϲ𣿡Ϫֹ
ܵϲ
ϪһĨȻĬĬջؿеķ֮
-
ǰסϴµһСԺӣ⣬Ժлʮϴˡ
ϴӼ뿪СԺûأֱӳȥˣԺЩ˶ûߡϴô󷽣ЩūֻǰѾֹһأЩ˵ˣĵЩûطȥ
ϴһҹû˵Ϊűϴ󻹸ߣ߶ȴ֪֮Ҳȫܲ˵ġ
µֻüеΪƽҲΪס
ŵǶ˳£üһȥһûǳţѾϪ

λϪǰȴĻմϴҾµģǵģŻ˵һ
˼͸ͷǾͺãϴһֱûء
ϴûȡ
ͶԷľٶµ˾͹ˡ


22 
, źûüص
ῴϪһ۵˳ȥ˰ɡ
Ϫ֪ݣղصͷ, ûоʹ¶ᣬת¡
ԺʮŮӣ󲿷ֶûͨˣȫûҹ﷢ĶʣüΪģǰһ֪ͬһϳǵӷ
Ļһ֤֮ǰ˵
ǰϪҲʹˣ, ˶˵ûиоֻ֪ڶ˾Ͳˡ
µܽΪʲô֮ǰЩ˻ʧϢŵļλʦҲܷץ
аеķȼӦòͣʦܺͼʿܵӰ죬ôϢؿһЩʿ¡
ֻ, ڻ, Ϊεֻǵ, ϪǰһֱûŪаץ˵ʲô
ʧٵ, ץߵŮ١ΨһйɵıΪʼԷץĶһЩͨ, ʿȻʿӦһʼΪã֮ΪߵԵʡ
˵Ļ, аٶʵھˣþҵԷС
һ¡, õԷ϶ż˵ҸоǵҪҸߣŷűϴסԵʣҲûгȥ
ʵᷢ״̬ԣѵġŶԷҪݣûϵ֮˵
ˣ
Ϫһ˿ȣ漴־úϸˡǰȥЩʧʿļпֳûҵʲôۼԼ뿪Ļ˵ͨˡ
Ȼ֪а޵ֶΣҵԷһ¡
Ϫ˼Ƭ̺󣬰ĿͶŮޣ
ǰ˵
Ϫԥæ֪Ը⣿
³⣺а޳
ԡϪͷа޶Ȼٳʻ´ԾɻᱻǵơҲҪʲôֻڵʱ㣬Ҳһֱ
Ҳ֪ûвӦɡ
ˣ㶨¡Ϊ˷㣬Ϫ˼ǹʱСԺס¡
СԺȥ˳
ǳںʿֽһʮ꣬Ϊڣֻ֪һĽ˼һŮϡ
ں˵ֻŮȴ츳ѡŮľ˫ʮǰһλΪšСŮ츳ҪһЩ˵ˮСԵʣһֱǡ
ʿüѣںȴŮŮ츳ãǶӼ谮ߵСŮǵ˶֪ĳŮ֮
Ҳˣ׷Ļ±ֵʮֹע
Ϫǰʱһ˵⣬ںϵذԼ鵽ʲôҪҲֵʮֻҪŮ׽õ֡
˹ʱںȴڸڣǴԺгʱԷŻ
ʦ壬ôҲ֪ͨһһˣںĽŲɼӿ˼֣ߵǰԶλãͣ£ʦˣ
Ϫɫ䵭û˵£ֻûвʲôµĵ
ںҲ£аȷʵüʦ𡣡
Ϫ
ֻ۾Լˡ
ں֪룬һ䣬ĿƳϪԱߵᣬ۾ʱһλǣ
Ϫ΢΢üסԷߣõѡ
ûҪܵ˼
ںûн̬ȣǹҸոշԸ˱һ㱡磬ʦţ
ÿ˶Ĺ֣ϪӦھܾȴӡ
áϪӦ
Ϫɻ⣬ȴ᲻ӣ˵ͷǴӦ
ں״ϴϲæȥǰ
˵Ǳ磬ĲȴǶʳҲļơ˵ЩкϪĽʿȼԾɵЩǱϾȱ𴦣һȻΪ¡ء
ں¶ԷԼ˵ƶ񤣬ȲŸʦ岻Ҫ
ϪЩʳǺ⣬ֻŴӦģںҲûϡ
ߵΪδӦ£κϷݵ棬յظֻһĵƷϵʳʱʱػҪϪһˡ
Ϫ״ֻʱסĺ棬Ҳʼһ
Ϫ϶ԷᵽеȤڳһ˵Ĵڣ˵غػͶι
ӵں
廰ûϣںֱ飬ɴףһ϶ֱӶƱʦ壬Ҿһ
˴ദϪЩüҲơ
ԲϲֱӣںžƱе²̨ƲãΧ
Ϫ㲻ȾƣȰɣڳĪҪžƱ
ںæһͬƣµҲǡ
ЦӯӯŶԷžƱһԼҲѾƱݵһڣ۵ļƣȻζϪҪһ
Ϫ˫ĿƵ촽ϣմ˾ˮĴ괽΢΢ʪΡ
Ϫͣ䵽ԷݵԼǰľƱ
ľƱֻѩϸƣ֪ĸÿˡ
á
Ϫͷס֣ղźȹľƱӡһڡ
ƣຬһζϪһκȣǺӦζüë̲סšš
Ƽıͷ͵ЦƬֻ̣żȻȴһµȤ
ҲˣϪڸϾǸͷ࣬˵ϲʱƾ£ֻģΪһ·˵Ĵ
طڶԷ³˼οһһġ
ңͷһҲһ顣Ȥǡ
ţֹʼʩԼһھƣʣµĶιϪϪɵӹȻΪҲһ˵ദģʽŶԷһԼ
Ϫǰûƣһʱ벻ʵƾ󣬺úһʿƸˡ
ϪˣȻҲԲȥںڸЪ£ܾˡ
Ϫ˷ӦЩ⣬ڣܹ˳ظСԺ


23 
¡Ĵ, ҽһȤ¡
Ȥ£
ƺϪеٶۣ˵ϲ, ϲ˵Ļ
Ϫߵǰ£۾ֱŶԷȴԼ˵Ǽ顣
ǳɵϰߣϪƽϱ٣䵭üĿܸһָ߲ʵĸоȻ˿ƺȴһĨ죬βһ˿ǳķɫƽ˰ջͳ˵ĴС
ĽģֻԼĳǷ
˿ְϪļ, ΢΢ƫͷ˱סϪ״毺õı
ϴ굽´꣬ϸϸ⹴һһ˱һŶԷľ㣬
ҲʦͨϪ䣬˱ĶҵĦš
ϪĶŪû, ֹ, ϵƤҲ͸һ, һ˵ĸоķɢ

Ϫ, Ҫ˳ӱһһᣬȴԷѹס̫˵ԷŶԷڽ, ֻŹͲٶɶԷʩΪ
ڷſʱϪɵڴ, ԭϵһ˿Ȼڲ֪ɿ壬Ҫɢ, ؿڵ½ҲһЩһģ
Ȥ𣿡
ŷһ֣Ϫ˿մȾһϵĴ飬еɫȴȻɾ
Ȼ̬Ͻϵǡô
ûһϪøÿҲûһӵϪصʣȻ߽಻ַ̲סҪ̳ȶԷǷ̲סҪõࡣ
ῴ¡ˣͷ΢΢һϵص˵ͷ˵ǣϲ𣿡
Ϫ΢죺ϲ
ϲһǡ
ûͻȻԷסҲһתգۼϪλȻ˸·˳Լ
ѧˡϪ˵
Ϊ֤ԼһܺõѧϪչʾԼѧϰɹ
ῴỺϪȴЩ·ǴŴֱͼеĺֱײͬһ㣬ƳȵȻʵȴҶš
ⳡʾϣϵϪŻҼ֡
㡭ò׵ȶԷͣ£᷽ŵõƬ̴Ϣ֮ؿŶԷֵͲһ𣿡
áϪϴ̬ȼ˵һ飬󻹹ɵظᣬˡ
᣺
˼
ϪΪԼԾûﵽԷҪ󣬸һΣҶἰʱͼæֹˣѧúܺá
𣿡Ϫ۾һһΡ
ˡܾ
һҪϪίֿضᱻ׵ú޵Ĵ꣬ԡ
üбҪάԼȨ
ȵȡף漴˫һѹס
Ϫɻ󣺡ʲô
ٽһ˼淨
˵ȡ֪ʱµһƣԼеһھơƺᲢ£Ǹ׼ϪͣоҺһһɸԷ
ͬڳȵľƣóľζƫ𣬴㣬ζʺϪֳߡƵĹЧҲƫ˳Һĵط·궯֫Ҳű
ƽһ˲һֱ˵ȼ
壬
ܵʳЩľҺաǲ١Ϫ˲ȾɷɫܲԾڿл˻ΣץסԷĸ첲
šҺ̧ͷϪζԼĴʶԷƺú𣿡
úȣ𡣡Ϫϸζһ¸ղŵζ֮ǰĻҪúȣңҲ
ȻȻιĿɲǳ˹óĵӻܱȵģοǼණġ
˹Ӧָں
ӻ
ණ
Ϫͫ΢ţЩ׶ԷΪͻȻֱˡ
ƼķӦˣͷ˴̶ԷĶϣѹϪ㣬֪ƭǲǣţϪ
ΪͿϵζɣȴϲ
ĻϵɵӶһˣȴĪҪһһ˵ϲ
ɵǹϷˡ

ϪһЩ֪롣
ңҪұ
Ҫ
ҽϪ㣿ţ

ÿ˵һҧһڶԷĶ䡣
Ϫըһһ̻˵ĻƺҲԣڡ
ҡ
ꡣæָסĴռϷ磬öԷԼ㲻Ҫ˵˵
ڳҲǲǣϷˣѻصϡ
šϪͷ
ʵڿõ;òԣõĳ˵ʼڳʧٵ²⡣ǺİŮʧ̬Ҳ˵϶ػ˵ѹŲòһԪڡ
Ϫҵ֮󣬶Է̬ȴһ̬磬濴ֺļʹŮ֡һǰһì̬ûɣʵϪﰵڳѾΣʼûߣҲֻǻɡ
εƳһۣ֪㻹ôȾƾͺȣҲҹ⺦㡣
㲻ᡣϪƶ
ԼĻһ㣬ϪҲȫȻŶԷ
˴ǰûһ䣬ֻһ񣬶Է֪ôˡ
ԣһٶɵԭ򰡡
̾˿ԼļƻгǰͬǸֹһΣСıˡʱڣ׳ǵøᡭ
ڴϣĥΣüƻֻſڴһ죬ȷŴ󿪣ͬʱһֻɫವһ´˽
ϪϪҡڸʲôѩŷеĳгǼᵽľζصᣬȾˣǲϪϪв֮¡ԣѾ˲֮£֮ΣıСˡأϪϪ׶Сˡ
֮Σ
ῴǰֵֿ˫껤ӣֿ˿ϪЦԣҾǹó֮ΣϧˣϪϪѾҵˡ
ҪС
ѩöֱϪǰ㵥һᣬע⵽Ϫ·ɢңȴûɢʱ׶ԷǶԷԼ
뵽⣬ѩŭȥ̬Ҳת䣬ʱŶԷ׺ݺвãԼϵģϪϪףǾͱϪϪ𣬷һŹġţϪϪŹ㡣
ϪϪΪŮ˼Ůڡ
ϪʱǸ˵ԣҪ𡣡
ͻȻֱϵĴ
ڶѣһ·ǻһֱ׷߲ɣ׷ҲҪ׷ϲС
ûѩвϡ
˵Ѿ˵ֻ꣬ڣҲûɴ˽ԷԼҵ
ǰЩ˴żȻ֮ûܹǡƵҲ׷ֵһʱˣֱͼ˵ʱźȻҲ˲ע⵽ϵ֮
ʻмƣ֮ǰͬϪһ˵¶ԷֻӲסʱȥ֤
ڼֽᷢҲȷʵˣôһ˿΢ӤĹʱڸԭԷγɵģеʱյĨɢˣеȴһֱڡ
аޣѡ˵ݴҲ
ʵϣڣ˲࣬Ҳ٣㲻ж⡣ǰЩץ˶ͬһ㣬һǾôˣδߵЩ
ܹöԷףһ㱣ա
šȡһľƣԪӤʿɱ½ԸҲȥħһۭεŵӣ֪ô
лǰƴǣԥһ䣬ܷüһ𣿡
ԣԼš
νһһûʲô


Ϫ뿪Ͳģѩ˵Ҫ̸ҲԣֻǿͬöԷߡ
ִʲôϢˣ
˵ϪҲЩѩĶԷѺǣһҪѾ⻯˲ſ˵
ȷϹϪѺѩĳؿϪϪ̫ǲеģŮһ;ḻСָͷ˵ͱƭˡ
ܷḻ𣿡Ϫһץסص㡣
ѩ㶣漴϶ͷǿ϶ڸ̨ô˵͸㣬վ͸ҹ㣬в֮£һǹ߷ǰָ˶ء
ĵСǼϪϪÿ
ϪǾòܣϸԷıƺеʱЩģҲܲǰֻƵ˵Ժֻһˡ
ԡѩöѧϰҪǸСεץ˳㣬ﶼֻ㣬Բ࿴һۡ
ѩԼΪԷġ
ϪԷĻҲЩ⶯æʵôѧ
ѩóһ
ƽղװŵľԲǹؼһĶֻƽտһЩӡ
Ϫɣѧϰ𣿡
ѩ϶ͷǵȻЩɶѡľƷֶκ·㶼ѧһѧѧ걣Сġ
ҲֻҪϲҡϪ֣ңˣףС
ҲŲҪסѩȿܡ
áϪĬĬʡһ룬ЭǱͬһᡣ
аɡѩǿͬ⣬ٴж֮ϪϪһúÿϲҲܱ÷
ȻҲ˵һҪôϪϪ밡ôƯһкܶϲģһϪϪǲǵˣΪ˴̼Ϫģѩ׻׻յ
ϪȻϵ֣صͷһŬѧϰ
˵óѩĽ̲Ŀʼѧϰ


24 
֮ǰ, ںר˲μӳ䣬ϪӦˡ䵱һ, ںǴˡ
ѩһᰮɣֵøŴܣ߯ڣһ¾ʹϪлߣȲӰ
״Щ죺ɳޣ
ҰùϪǺ⣬ǣʾǳ
һֻްˣֵ, ˵ļҲû˵ʲôȥ˳еļ̨
ںֹϪˣͼҲһˡ
ǰ˳ȥûв鵽Ϣ˵յϪĴֻ˵ʱؿջ, ԭȴδϸ˵ԭЩã, ͻȻյ, Ϫʶسȥ
ʦ, 
ŵѣ
Цͬ˻˻֡
šϪҲӦһ
ûر⣬ϾǴǰδʶ, ں֪ǵĹϵΪ档
ں۲켸˵ɫûйŵ˼
ԵĪǵ㲻ֻԼ̫, ں߳ЦݣλɳϾͿʼ
á
Ϫ, ͼҲ֮ȴԸͬϪֿҪͬϪһûͷƵĿϣһС˵ģ
ںտ˹ϵһ㣬Ҳþȡ
úĬĬʱ䣬ʱһںߵ̨ʼ
һ£кȻһ䣬ͷͻȻһӰ
̧ͷȥֻһֻ֪ӺζɫȻڼ̨Ͽգڼ̨ϡ
Ǵͣȣ˷ϳǶξ޴󣬷ٶȼ죬Ը˳һЩС̻ͨѱһЩ˿ͣ۸֮۵١
̨ϵֻϣȴǰװһľ̨ľ̨ĵλһ״Сľ̨һ۵վڻ֮С
ϻĻƣƲĿͷһɫëԼǵ
ڻĽǣվĸκʹ缸һģһŮӣǵͬƣͷϲŵëȴǽͷϵСһЩ
ںط¹򣺡ӭ˾
ǱҲŹӭ˾
һúŵϪԼ㳡ΧһЩվŵʿԵøⲻȺ
аƲƲ첻м
Ϫͷͬʿæû˭Щ߰Ķ
еĻƭӾıɡϪ̼ǵĻ
̨Ǹ˳˾ƺ²ۣƳһۣȴʲôҲûܿջĿ⿪ʼʽ
νļʽҲ̨һĸŮԱЩŹֵĶ
ܽǣѿ
ǵ˿ɲΪе˶Եż̨ϵˣϳſ

ⳡʽеõʲô
ܿ죬Ϫõ𰸡
˵кȻһꡣ˵Ϻ󣬱Զڡ
һȺ½󼤶ĺ
ҽˣ
һл˶͡
˵ĸ¡
Щϲ۲쵽Щϵı仯ԭǶʿҲ׷׷ſϣʼӭϵꡣ
ϪʶɨȥȻֲ˵ΪڶʱڵõͻƣֱӴԽڣ׽ٶʿҲˡ
ȻΪ֮ǰͬЩ˴ʱǶԵľ˻ĪôҲ͸¶ԭ
ͻƵĶ٣׽ٽ׵Ķȴټֻ׽٣Ҳ˵ⱳ֮˵Ĵֱʡ
ˡ
˿еλˣǰһЩ˵ǵһλ޾ȹΪ˸λޣڴ˵ؽһǡ
ڵ䣬ҲֻǶԷΪ˸λޣȴ֪Ӻʱ𣬱㣬Ϊ֮á
Ϫ֪߻ЩµĿʲôϵƽ޹ʵĺ¡
ֽ˼治еĳɷ֣뵯һС罫ˮһưɫϪȥƺ塣
״æƿ֣Сġ
ȻƿϪԼȴû㿪ưɫֱ˳Ƥû塣
Ȼˡ
̧ۿлƮˮ˱ˮ˵֮ǵ˸ǶԷ
ôûﲻϪļץסյôôɵǶҲûµģ㡭
û¡˳Ĩ֮Ȼ֪ûΣգһˣϲ㰡ôΣ֮У´Σһǻ㵲ġ
һһָ͵͵Ϫд֡
ȻϪĻгϲ⣬ĻܡûΣʱԷ˵ܵΣǰԷôҲİýܡ
ϻؾԷҲ㵲ǰ棬ǡ
Ϫ΢΢ʹüšԺ˵Ҳ׼ǰ棬ΣգҲұ㡣
һԼͼ˱Ҳæǰġ
֤Լû£֮Ϫϸȷûʱա
ˣϪЩģȡƿװһˮ⣬ٲҲûȥʦо취
ⷬûΣȻҲˡ
ںڣȻãע⵽ߵĶɨۡϪƿռҺںϲһ˿ţ֮뵽ʲôٿȻһַ
ŶԹ͵ӣںߵ߹˼䡣
Ϫһۣѹŭζƽ׵ĵĶ
ںöԷƺʲô˿Ѿ̫⣬鵭ػصȷʵټⶼ˵Ķ͡
ǶͻЦһһ٣λˡƺȴ֪ΣǸˣҵһ
Ϫһоó㲻ֻܿҡ
ϪڿԼúÿ𣿡ǳЦʣңûԷô֪ó󣿡
Ϫһʺڳ˵
һԵļ״æڵΧʦ˼˵޶ÿ
ϪͷԺԶʦܺһ㡣
Ҳǰһȷʵòª
˵ʱƳԱߵļһۡ
϶ʱֳ֮ɫʵҲȫˣҲкÿޡ
ǡغһתͷԸٴ
˵ģ͵͵˳Ϫ䣬ߺϪ㷽ҲǳԴ𣿡
ţԴסϪֱ׵ͷίؿҵĵ£Ѿͬ˼֮ףҪҸֻܿңˣٺÿҲС
ǣʲôʱӦĵˣ
ĬĬ˸ۣѵóʵİɣӦбÿˡ
ϧҪˣЩᣬ˳һڣ׬һһ㡣
˶ԷĻϪͷһζԼòԺ뱣ԼС
Ա߱õںȻϰ˵̬ȣɫûдϣһֱǽЦҲ˵ݡ
Ŷͷ
ǳòҼˡӼ˵Ǻ
Լ飬ͷûҷ
ϪͬӦˡ
и˼ʱеȻͣ¡
̨ϵȡһֻɫĶ̵Ѵ
ŵ𣬳еʱֻŻ˷ܵĺôˣ˿ȴǶһµشԭأвʡ
ֻһ˲䣬Ϫ̨ԱҲ󣬽
˼ͬʱľ̨ϣĸŮӣϪֱϵˡ
ͬĸŮӣʱα⼸˼Ϊƣ´Ĭʮ㣬·һƵġ
ϣʹһʱҲЩκβá֮ʣȻԼǿľƱ
ˡ
ƳһϪҧ˦ˣŸӦķȥ
Ϫߣ̨ϵΪ䲻ߣȴޱȡ㿪ϪĹӦٻһֻڵޡ
ްæϪҪץסҲЩףòѰһĵ˲ָ޵ˡ
ϪԲԼǰߣæ׷ȥ
ͼʧȥƣٻʶѣȻǷӦԱߺȻϮһ㣬ǣ֮¡


25 

һֻɫո, 䵽ԺĺߡϸлһŮӡ
, ǰڼּ̨ҲͣڳϣóһöԲ۽˳Ṳ֮̊У·ƶˡ
ĽƣֱӽµĶ֮С
ſڣһֻܼɨһۣϳϵϢԱ˿һ˽ȥ
˴ԼǸ͵, һ·нȥԼʮʯңÿʯڶòͬɫıǺʯͷװΡ
ֻ£Щװȴ͡עĿķʯڵĵľԼŵˡ
ÿʯԼ߰˸ӣЩ඼, һšЩ˵Ϊ, , Խ, ŵΪԽߡ
һǣΪߵͣЩ˵ϵϢΪ΢, ʱ᳹ʧһ㡣
Ϫֳۣܷһʶ͵͵۲ΧĻ
ԼߵʮʯңȻ￴һһԪڵӷޡ
һʯ, һԪڵӺһŮӣӦþǼ˵Ǹʦá˿̶Էſڵ, ²֪
ٵ棬һЩڵʿ
һʮ˸ʯңϪͣ½Ų
±֣ϪʹʶֻĸйȥʶĿǰǻŨŨѪζӿŽ漸ʯѾŵѪζζŨؼŻŲûзϪϸڵĶ
ˡ
һõôôã
¡
㡭
˵ƺֲԡ
ϪΣգۣӦѸݵط㿪Էͬʱ齣ٿȻϮԷ
ͬʱϪڿԷģǰ˵߸һִĪ֮У¿Ǹˡ֮˵ʵΪϳСſֲˣϪȷͨһϳԷԱ
ȻܳϪˡ
ֽվű߿ˣජɨԱߵĹŵһۡ
õĶ
˵Ļ£¹ŵ˺ȻѪ֮УƬ̱ͷҲܳѪˮ
£ٶȿϪзĹЦԼҲá
һЦſֲҲŶ
Ϫüͷ
Ȼǳ⣬ۡ
ǰԷһԷԲ·Ǻá
ɵֱʹȻףѰ֮壬վһ¾һѪ
ϪתͳԼĽƶԷੲݵĻ
һʱ֮¿ɲֻǹΪжԼеĲ
õľ޽Զʮ˷Ϊ֮ʩ֮֮֮޾ŽϪһ˰ʱ򣬲ڻͨȻڲ֮ϪȴּĽ㹻ȴȻеĵ
˺ֻʱ뽣ش
ϪûģֻԼǰĽнһһ飬һ˼赽ϪŽ֮ǰµ򣬺ȻȻϵĽʺΪβԴʽ
ϹŴ֮ܳԭûйи£չϵɵ磬ʿȴǰ֮йȴ֮
ͨһϪľʱһƬ
Ľ֮ĵ£ǳΪūͣǳתһ֮䡣
ǣϪӳĵһԴˣֶһµĽ뽣
һʽ΢
泽ǵڳ΢ʱĺתĹ¶ڻ۵һǺϪĵһ
һȳǧ֮ӿŽڿתᣬȥȥĵط
һʽϪͷһʩչ
£ǰ˽Ϊһʯ
Ϫӿ⣬˵ɫ΢ȴȻšֻȡһ֧۳Ĺǵѣڶ졣
뽣ײְκʤȻȴ޵ɫý
ǵԭȡԴƶɣ޻ܲٿˣƳɹǵѸмӳ֮
ǰ̨ϵóһС֧׵ͬһ޵ĹͷƳɣֻһָǣΪֵͣӵȻҲֵһᡣ
ϵ֧ǵȴ޵߹ƳɣȼԷһ㡣ʱ𵤳Ϊܿƽ۷ʿΪףǵӵȻ󣬱ԪӤʿҲһս
ǰ˰㲻Ӱ첻˵Ϫƽ֣θġ
о裬ȴ֪Ϫʵ򲢷ԼĹͣᡣ
ʱԷ֣ȻзҲ˽⣬ҹ˳Ϫһͬ䡣ͬڣǹǵѵȻЧ룬ʣһȣϪᶨǰԼޡ
ûӰ죬ϪһĥԼĽУȡ֮ǰĲϪӳڶ
һαһγп죬ҲһαһԾʱϪӣ׼ս
ȻҲʶ㣬ԼȷʵвϪһʯҡ
Ϫ׷ȥŽȥشԲϮһˡϪӽȴֹĲˣǼ
ԷģǱǣϪԸˣδЩš
һ߶ܶԷͬʱϪһѰа޵Ӱ
һѪأ󾹷滹һСѪأʦܼ˿аץڳر߷Ѫ
ʿһѪ൱ڰݶԷȥʦҲûˡ
ϪΪʱἰʱϵ
ϪжԷ˵ųĵؽԷԼѪر߾ˡ
Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬼ϵѪѱаС룬ɫʱ԰ֽ֮ԵаޣϢڽ
Ϫ׷˸ó֧ǵѡŶԷΪӣʩӵͬ书ЧҲޣϪɻ˻
һɲ˺ȻһѪϪüġ
Сġ
һμϪ״ˣȴǵѪδϪǰȻճ˷ɻҡ
á
ԷӦԣҲ׼֣н
ǰ˫ˮ˵Ĺʽֶʵڹƶ񤣬йǵӳ֣ϪмĥԼĽС
ףҲܿͿ˷Ӱ죬Ѹٽ˽һķѸٰ˸ɾ
߹ѪĹǵѣЩӣĬ˰η̧ͷϪ֮ǰǽСأ
⡣
Ϫȡݸʱ̵İ취ⶫ˴
ӹҲûʲôϵļߣ߰ɣȥ濴
ϪؿŶԷĶʮһƽĿջƾһǳʦסĵĳ嶯˵һ˸ŶԷȥ档
Ϫȥ󣬿ڴѪرϡ
ﶼЩ˵Ѫ
뵽Է֮ǰ˼ѪΪϪ²
ǣҲǡҡҡͷһѪˮʵѪĲЩѪǡ
ϪָµѪЩ˺һ°ϸɾ
ʲô
ԳһЦûлشֻʲôҪǺö˰ɡ
ϪöԷ˿̵ıЩ֣Ҳ˵ֻԼ֮ͨͬϲ˿ƺá
ΪʲôãôԼԷ˵йء
֮ӦأϪ̽ĳ嶯û׷Ϊʲôֻԭʼİοʽ
鲻ã˭ˣҰ㱨𡣡
׾ġİοһһ󻵵
ǡ
򲻹˵Ҳ򲻹
ϪĬƬ̣һŬ
ڴ򲻹Ժһԡ
á
֪ߵģе᲻ϪĥŸԷ˵˼䡣
ſֻӦǶԭˣ⣬ⶴΪصáϲͰˣպͬá
ʯЩ˾Ѫȥúһʱգҵŵرһպе޴󰭡
ѩڶ⣬ȥܼˡгЩˣˮʵаһҩˡҼǵǰռˮûȥооҽ취
Ϫ뵽ϴؾֱʱԷҲͬ˵ġʱȫ߾裬۾ζŶԷ˴ǰߡ
˵ò࣬κһԤȥץűԱߵļ˭֪ץסȴϪ
Ȼܡ
Ϫ˫ֹסԷòգȽҲһϣʹڶԷϡ
żҵԼϵˣĸһһµĶ㣺Ǹ˭ѧģ
Ϫܡ
Ȱȷſ
Ϫŭʲôõģ
ûУȷſҡ
ǿκϪ͸ƵģôǶǲ
ְΣεвٲſҾͽһ°ˡ
áϪӦطɿ죬óƿһһӸɫҰ׵ļղŵĻ㶼ˣ
ͷ
Ϫֵʣµ±㽻ˣҽóϣһ롣

˺š
Ϫתͷ᣺߰ɡ
ӰΣ˵ԼֻβŴŶԷģ»ܣΪ᲻á


26 
˰յ衣ϪŸսյ, дָأǲܡ
û, ҲܡεذĲͺзС輸ϣ֮ǰǸ㱣֤Ҳϵġ
ȻûôõץһΪõɵӡ
ϪԴ˻ɣǰ˿϶粻Ӱ
ҲǶû취ˣմ뿪Ϫʱ̶պò˵ͨԷԳȥ͸һӮζʱִۡ
ոճȥʱÿϷɹȥһȺ, ȥץ˼ŵʱ䡣һ߽һߴʳС
ϪŰעתƵĶϡ
ʱޣ򵥴ñƬװڴɰӳĵƵĽ֭, ŵʳྫ
ϪȤ, ּһպý֭ݵ, ƽն, ʵɺϣʵĽϣпڸ
šϪſںס
ڹȻζ, ֭ȫڸ˺ζֻʣ
óԣҳԹóԵ⡣Ϫ¶ϲɫ, һ˵һ߽ӹĿҲָιһƬ
ַҪͶιľٶѾϰߣˡڶ, Ϫһһ̲סһ䣺СϪϪ㣬˵ϲңֻСӶҪҲҪߣ
ѩҪ죬°ٻȥϪ껹һۡ
˼ѩԵȣ㲻žˡ
һǸǰԼЭ¡ôôΪȶԷ߲Ŷ԰ɣǰɾͱвˡ
ᵽʱֿʼˣϪǰһֱûüʣҼǵİɣͬ㻹ܾ˵ģôһ겻ܿȾˣĪٶ˵Щľȶ飬ٿ٣Īɱ֤ɣ
һ˲䣬ῴԷ񶼱ˡ
̫ˣ
ǡϪæϣҲɱ֤ڲ޼ˣһᱣ㡣
Ŷ
ͷǶԷɱҲη塣Ȼһû꣬ȻӦԷ˵ʲô

ʲôЦǿһȺЩɱ֤ҪķӺòá
ɱôһ˰ˡ
ǣɱ껹Ҫʬһ˯ı̬
룬ϸ޼ı̬ʲô
ĵ±ĺֱӰѼûɢ˵ʬʬꡣڱĵ£Ƴ˼붼ΪƵĿܡ
ϸ
ֵԵףֱܺ˶Էڵţźǵĵͬھˡ
ϸ
ΪֱӶһ봫С

뵽ԼѾԼҪ£ͷЩţúõΪʲôҪ벻ͨĵأ
Ϊ㡣ϪĿƵض
Σӣ
һ̽˵ǴҪ޻
СϪϴʾܾϲ㣬ܸġ
ϲʲôġ
Ϫһϲ˵
ã˵ˡ
ϲι
Уιˡ
ϲҡҡ
Ϫ˵΢΢һ졣
벻ȥøһĽޡ
ͷԼϵͼԼı
òˡ
Ϫ˵ţһͣ¡
ˣ
Ϫɻ󣺡ʲôˡ
޳ƽ˵Ҹղͬ˵ƽղһ֣һ㶼к޳
ϪԶʱǰʵأǲӣһʱû
ν޳½ϵ޳һ㣬ĳԭȺʧȥǣ޿ƵعΧڵʿ޳һ㶼޷ͨΨնɱÿ޳ܰһΣա
֪ٺ޳ϪҲţֻ˷ܣҪߣǳȥ
á
һ˵һֵسԼ֡
ϪҲû룬ֻΪԷںߡ϶Ժ޳ȤҲûǿô˼װ塣
˳ȥŷּװѾΧ˲ˣͷվԪӤʮʿǱ˴˵Ļ˿ʮ˾㶼ضǰĹ档
һЩ˴Ʊĳ˿˽
ô죿ǲɣ֪ҾģԲȥˡ
ҵһ˳ôôù

ڰɣ˵̻ĴбƱ۹ô࣬Ҫǵİȫ𣿡
˺ˣſģ⴬˺üΣȫúܡЩ̻Ĵн飬һ㲻¡㿴л̻Щ˵ǼλԪӤǰϻһλʿŸӡ

һȺһһģϪһ㽫˽˸šûرΣյĸоҲǺܵġ
̬͸ˣʱͬϪЦȻ˳ؼ˶ϵĺ޳һؾ͸ˡ
𣿴Լԡ
ϪȻʲôƫƫͷʣΪòԸҵģ
ǻǷ̰ɣԷֱǸ
˶ģɻصǰɡ
Ϫʣ֮ǰʦܣҲΪã
ࡣ
ԴϪ⣬ܿġ
뿪ĵϪֽһξνϻصξ벿޲ȫԷģȥҹ̸ͬ䡢뿪Щ£ȫǶԷ뼾һġ
գҲȷʵд뿪뷨ΪˣϪһֱһȴ޷ξʶԷֻܶԱܡ
һɣֻãϲʦܣϪ԰ˡ¶ԷҪõĶҲûһ˿Ը
ϪеЦ⣺Ժʲô˵ҰҪˡ
á
ԹŹֵؿһۣӼᶨܺԼľģԽΪУϽܡ
˵䣬Զӿ޳Ѿ𽥱ƽûǰĺ㿪ʼһŨѹ级˰ѹȫǵصĺޡ
Ϫһξ޳էȻ׳۵ĳкһ
Ǻ£˷ܡ
ĽֻССһսԶԶ
ҪȥϪǰߵ˴к
ûֹ˼ֻãԼСġ
˵꣬ϵķ󷨸պô򿪣ͷʮһӵʼɱޣϪҲʱ˳ȥ
ϣϪһס
ûһʼԽսΪߵޣȴһһ
ǽ𵤳ڵĺޣǽڣɽ𵤺ڡ۷壬սһͷԪӤڵޡ
׿һ󾳽磬ǽԽսΪ̬ϪҲʮּѣЩ˲ǿɱ
ɱͷ޺ϪҲĿգһЩ뺣ˮ֮СһֱעߵĶ״æ˽ӻشϡ
ʲôǿһ𵤳ҲȥսԪӤˣԼ̫ǲǣῴѪ۵˾
ֵĽڿԷĳֹסͷһ
ϪԹԵͷϴԲ㵣ˡ
ġ
ͻȻӦԼķӦƺЩˣֽжԷ˰ɡһ룬ʱ˵ˡ
ͷһƿҩϪϽ̧ͷŲԶĺ桪дһҪˡ


27 
ɲǼ, ǰǿٱѹȻӺչôǿѹϪֻʦϸܹһ, Ҳ˵سֵǻޡ
һԣ޵ԪӤڣǿԣϵڱɻΡεȻһС޳ġ
ڴʱǰȺֿðһֻ;޴İ衣ƳһԼ˲ص£ٿȻӴѹ
Ϫʱһսĵʱ, ͻȻӴѹһҧƺһ
״ü΢΢壬Ϊվһ󾳽, ޷ʲô, ֻþϪǰһ, ֵһЩѹ
ˡ
ϪҲ˿̵״̬, ûѣĬĬµҩظ
Ǵʱ, һֱû¶ǸʿҲ˰֮С
˿ŴԼʮ꣬òϣһ¶̴׳˶ʵ, ģǸޡ
лƣл̻, ֪´˷ǰкμ̣
̣ԿзЦǴӵĵ̹Ӳ⡣
Է;޴һ˵һߵ壬֪⻹⣬ɶˮϮۡҶϵķ󷨽䵲£Ȼϵ˷ǵȫɡ
յлƿԷƵΪɫ˲ȴְڶԷʵǿѹŭ𣬿ʵ¶һ䣬ԳƴƬܣ֪Ǻιϵ
˵ֻ㣿ǴӵĶĻӿžۡ
лϵûж죬˵һ޶ϲԼĵ̲ŲѣҲЩԸҵϲĴεɱޡ޾͸ˣƱ仯֮½ϸΪҲˣͨвŻΣա
״л˾ϡ
ǰҪʲô
һϲǵΪպ󳤾õĽףܺƽȻǺƽá
ʮƷʯ
ܡлһڷ񶨣˶΢һʮƷʯ̫ˣóƷʯ
ԷȴɿڣʮƷʯһ鶼١
лҧĪҪ̫֡

ǰֺãлƢԣƤãվû̸£֡
лȷʵޣһΪҲȴģʵסҲضãһƤʵʮѲ
ʼ˼£ȴźƣռϷ磬ȻȥлƱɡ
֮ѡһлһȻҲ군ƢԺãԸһȻҲҪѪһ
Ϫǰսü䲻ɸ˼ֵǣڵΪⳡսʸûУһԵС
ڲֻͣʵ츳ٺãٶٿ죬Щվһʱ䡣
üӿٶȲС
ϪţԱߺȻ
ģġ
˵óʱսɵĹǵѴ
ԭаϣмԲٿ˵˼롣˷䵽УӵЧ
ֻԭϻڲͣޣʼ˺γƬ
ͬʱлֻ޵ĶҲܵһ˿Ӱ죬΢ɲʹֻ΢Ӱ죬ڻʿĶҲ
лץ׼ʱظ޼ֱƤ
صˤں
ʵԷһʱ·磬ŵļһȴ֪ξȻˡ
սлȻԷʵˣǼɵʲô
Ŀɨ򴬽ǵŮޣƺǸĵŮӴĵսµı仯
Ů޷ԪӤΪϵķȴ޶ɵ
ϵĶ
лƴ˵ʱҲ˶ǡ
˵һޣʮ࣬ϴƷʲ׵ķ£һͷϵڣϵĴָĸԣ
󻹸ĸԪӤڵĻһ֪Ǵү
֧ǵѣүҪˡ
ŰԵˣ٣һ˸Ҳ֪ߵغ赽ǰô˼Ͷ̥ȥˡ
˶Էһۣʲô
үлϵ֧һˣ²ŵл̻ģ˵үʲôˣ˵ʱаһϪɨ
Ϫ״ưգŲǰҵ֪л̻Ᾱģ
һּ֮Ʊʱгĸϣǲл̻˶һ±֪л̻ΪԵѴ߽һǰʱһֱ俹̻˵⣬ʱͣ£󲿷˸л̻Ĵ
ϪǸϵʱ䲻ɣþײʱڡƫ;ǡø޳ʩչ˹ǵѵ˲
һһɺ˵ǰĴ
Ϫ䲻֪Χһֲֵı飬ǵƷҲһ
ϪıƳĳһۣǲأ
ǺǡԷҲȫûӣô˵棬û˵ǿĻһ˵ĶԣлȻǽţ˴ǿɾ˵ˡ
ǳв
ǻʿҲͽںϣֻܸŴ򣬵Ǳ߸ǵĵ̣һ𵤡һԪӤܴܵɡ
ϵƣİۼ죬ȴһνı飺Ǳ˴˵ɡ
˵꣬Ϫ˴ա
ڲ󷨣һȥǰǹһֱϵʧ
ϪɵӣȻֳǰĶע⵽Ŀ϶ֹһˣǼɵҲֱҲˣǰйעǵǵʶ
Ǹ񡭡
Ϫµǡ
ᰴ˰ļһ㵣ĵ˼ûУҡͷǳЦ׺˵
ϪһгĵȻģҲƽ
ǰͬЩ޵սи࣬ȷʵͻƵٽ㡣ԴʱΪһ֣Ҳһʤ㣬ٵ飬˫Ƚãʼͻƽס
Ϊһ߲һ
Ϫһϼû谭ʱľǷȱһֱڽ𵤳ڣľ㣬׾ͳһˮɵ¡Ǹ£㿪ʼһַٶӿȥ
˲䣬þʯ㻯Ϊ촷ۣڵҲ֮бһգ緿Ҳǵ
ͷһ뵽Լǰ˲ãϲСڵٶȡ
ΪˣæٶóԼصļƷʯ֮С
ֻͨƷʯȼԽԽϧڼƷʯȻϡ٣Ҳࡣ
һȽ׵ˣԼǿˡ
ϷˣûʲôأԽԽࡣǣˣҲҽҪʲô
Ķ㹻죬ü˲ɣϵоȥҲ죬ٿȴʲôҲû֣ûϡ


28 
һʱ, 궯ƽ
ϪۣΪȻǽڡ
һöƷʯԹؿ˵, ûôܼҵġ
ܵĻļҡ

һöƷʯ
ϪһӦʯǸиΣԲ𡣡
ϻһȰ⣬ȥֱѩһͨϪ֪Ҳף¶պҪѰʯ£˭뷴ûʲôǶԷһٶΪƷѡ
»᲻ɳģ, ϲˣ
ŶԣȻʼԼܼˡ
Ϫоæָ֤ԺһŬʯٰܼң, , Ҳϲˡ
᲻˵һЦ, û뵽öԷ˴ķӦ
, ϪȴԶԷ⸱ģҲû˻᲻⡣
⻰, ˿̾˵öԷᡣ
ˣʯõġûӦжԷĻתӴó, Լһ˱͸ɴ, ɴɸʶȻɴдһϢȻû뿪
á˴ΣգϪеĶƸУйؾһؾ飬ұ㡣
ˡ¶ĶԷ־룬ܵΪֻɴֻһ飬һɡ
ðɡ
ϪЩźⲽվԷ࣬ĿһɨȻִӱסԷ
һ֡
㰤û㱧š
Ϫûֱ뿪˵ϲȫ
ȡƵġ
бҲ֪ʱǼƽϵʱֻǿͷɴ˱һ֣ͬʱ
˵ϢڽУڶʱһģһӰָʹڳɴƣʱڣӦǸлĻӦûʲô⡣
ߡ
ǻµ˲䣬ϪЯ˳˴ա
һϢϵķǰóϱȻһǰһͬеķ϶
ԷѣϪ˲Ƴȥ
ۣ·˾ͻᣬϾԪӤʿĽų̿ɱϪ𵤿ϲ١л֮ǰǱܵԽԶԽá
ԼһʱͻȻͣ
ϪͷɻͼǰĺͻȻһ޴ĺӰ¹£ǵӰճ״ǰҲĴ衣
ǵ
Ϫɫʱһ齣ת˲Уһս̬
ýšɴļοһ䡣Ա˿һֵӦûж⡣
ǣһ޵ʲôˣ
ƣȴְĳϲҷ鲻Ըνһ㡣
ϪɻĿ⣬һ԰񣬴ŶԷ˰ͷһָ·һʵ𣿡
С
ʲô
󡣡
ʶóǵѡ
ʶϴϢ˶ٲҲϴϢҽҲǾ쵽ϢŻʹȺҴġ
Сʵͣ磬
ָʶĦеĹǵѣüʣϴʲô
󣺡次
֣Ļ֪һ
šںţ˵һģ˾Ͱ͵ȥ
ʡ
֮ȥ˾֪ˡЩ꣬¶Է³һɫӣˣҲҵģ˵㿴ͻˡ
ӹӣɫԲ⻬滹ŵů⣬Լ̺ŨѪ֮
ڴһɲǣб˴𰸡µ顣
ϪǵؿᣬԼϵǿӡ
ͬЧʧɴ˿ϪظоԽµ˵Ǹֺ󣬶Է·ֱǵĺ׶ѹģ컹Ҫġ
̧Է¶һǳǳ΢Цϵůĵ׵Ƚڵһ
֪Է˿бȻʣչԼ˴Щ»ǰԷ˵׺á
·ɡ
תͷϪ͡
ǵʱͬ˵ʲô޵Ĺͷ𣿡һһ̧ǵѣⴵ£Ʈãã֮ϣԹ
ǵáϪͷ޹ǡ
־أһһβޣͨɣɻǡݴܵõ˵ģɻȡԷ⣬޹ƳɵķпĹЧ
ʱǣϪһأ޹ȷʵ㡣
ͷ޹ǣҲǡĹͷ
Ϫ￩һʵϳʦѩûˣҲδǺζ˿̣ҲֻǱܵס˶Է֡
裬欣ˡ
ϪЩԼһߡ
ϪºܸߣƽʱĽӴУᡣˣͻȻԷץסԾЩ̹ͷ
ץסЩ¡
ͷһ˲漴Ȼ룺ģû¡ֻǾ֮ǰǳ˹˽͵޹ȥΪвޡ
ϪһΡ
ˡ
ɻ˻ôգ
ЦЦǰûͬ˵ʵӦһɣһǿˡһӦǿѣֳִҲ֪ôġ
ƽʱ԰ľԼΣܹƽҲϲԼԭ͡ƫƫ欻Ůһе۹⡣
ŭظͷһˮɶСӣȻһû۹⣬͡
ۼԼɹˣǱԷԼǽ欶ѹĳޣ˶Ҫøƹͷ
ȷʵܳ󡣡
Ϫмһʣְ̧ϵˮ

æǵѴһСĴʱԾر졣
ǵʵʱǳ˹ֲǴűﲻõķ˹ǵѣȫӶ
ϪϿҵĸʵȷʵ
԰صͷ˵£ղҲ˵ˣķԸںϵҡңѭ鵽һʬǵ䣬ǰµֻƬ㣬ȫ֮ϲ
㲻ΪʲôҪ𣿡˶ٵʵҸæԸ⣿
ϪԥԸ⡣
㲻һ£
ÿǡϪ֣ĿȵضŶԷҵ£Ե㣬ˡ
֪
ĬĬ˵ĹϵǱ㵱ҸǰöƷʯĴۣȻ±ϺһЩıꡣ
ϪüҲҪ꣬ҵ¡
Ҳǡ룬ǾԷ˵Ϫʵʱ˵ϲ㣬ͬףµĻģֻƭ㡣ԭ鰮ǶһòһҲ޷ȸ޼ȴٵ㣬Ӧ˵ҲѰԼİˡ


29 
ϪɫǾƭʱȻˮ, ĻɫĿ¡
˵ϲң
ϲ
ƭң
ǡ
ҪԵˣ
ԣҾǲüȥ
ϪԷÿ˵һ, ظģŭȻҲƱһ˿һ㡣
Ϥʹʶ֮УϪʱһһǣҪ侲
ԣ侲
ϪʦĽ̻壬õ˲ƭ˵ĵĻҲǶԷ⡣, ҲؾɥֻҪҵԭԷžͺˡ
Ϫɿ
ŶԷʼԭ򣬡ǻ˷ʯҰܼǲǣ
ἰϪЩ飬ͬʱҲһί֤Ŭʯ, Է˵Щ˵Ļ
⣿
᣺, ҡ
ǡϪƳеĹǵ, , ˣ㶨ǵĲĸܽǵĹϵģҲΪѵġ
Ҳ˵, 㵽ûҸոյ˵Ļ
ˡϪͷ󻰷һתҲš
᣺
Űɡ
Ϫ˫Ŀ, ж֪㶨п, Ҳż˵Щҵģߡϲ㣬ôһ˶Σաұ֤Ժ۷κ£ҶһԣǲͬҲҪ
Ϫ뵽ǰմӻпڣвһȻȻı׳޻ڡ
ˣҽڣϻþ棬ȴΪԷӴпӡ
᣺ɲءû
㲻˵ˣҶסϪסĴһֲݾܾôȰҶ뿪
ҲûҪ뿪
ϪŲУģⱲֻϲһˣҾԵˡĲ䡣
˿̿ǰĿûϲֻо֡
Է˵ĻҲֻһ˼ǾǣҲŹ㡣
Ȼ޼˶Ǳ̬
š
غһԷƤ
ҲֻǳڲĲž̹ףöԷ߳¼ȻԷԸǾͲˡ
ǸС¸ƨ׷˵
ҰοһܿĽᡣ
-
󱾾Ǻаǻޣٶȱ֮һǲͬնձ㴩Խ뺣򣬵Ŀĵء
Ϻһĺ򣬺޷ղ˵лʱֹУк޲Сıȥֻʬ޴³ö֮ＸȫҲ򡪡Ϊ˾
Ե㲻ǰ
ֻǵ֮ҪҪȥԼ
вףɲԼСԷȥġ欵Ľ飬ںô겻ŲҲ御ˡ
Ҳ⼸㣬ҲûǹǵвԷֻͷ֪ˣлл
áҲҪ˳æˡ⣬ٿϣǻү˳ǻȥˡ
áûоܾ˵תͷϪȷϵΣգȷҪһȥ
ϪĿᶨȥҾȥ
ܿһ̹Ժ󣬶ԷԽȣֺ޲ʱ̳븹Ĵ
ȥĵ׵ĶӴȡһ˼µݸԷϡ
˼ȻԵֵɽʿ˺֮ڸ߼ʦУⷨµ̶ȿɼһߣʦĴʮҲֻһ߼¡
Ϫ΢ܾҲã㴩
ῴ˼ЦЦ㴩ϣ֮ȥһҪæڴ֮ǰҪ㡣ңҲͬҿûҪңϴžżأȸĺöˡ
Ŷ
ϪŽ¡
ͬʱҲʶһ⣺ºڸУ
ǰóļƷʯڵķ£Ժ󡭡
ԣǶԷ̫Ҫֵİɣ
Ϫܻ֣̿һȥѧ
һɻ󣺡ɶ
Ϫȴ˵ֻĬĬһƻ߰ɣǽȥ
Ŷ


30 
Ϫֻ֪Ҫһؾ, ؾģȴûͷ, ֻĿĵںѰҡ
ȻԼתа֮ã̤һƬ򣬳˺ϺХ쫷Լʱʱð⣬ȫûһõϢ
Ϫ͵͵һԱ߱ʵˣ֪زеĲԾ
ԷԶ򣬲ΣմƬΣյĺӦǶºŶԣȻƺδڶԷϿһ˿лʧı, ԤϵĴݡ
ңǵý֮ǰԷ˵Ҫæֱڶδ¡֮ǰϪȻΪҵؾڻؾ£û׷ʣأ
뵽Ϫͣԭزټǰ, һȷĿǵ, ֪ؾ
һ˲, 漴һ䣺㷢ˡ
ԭҲû, ֻԼһЩ˼ʱˡ
㲻ؾ𣿡ȻǣϪܿ컻һʷؾºΪѣйأ
ûҲû, ֻ̾һ䣺ʱ򵹴ˡ
ϪȴѾ̬еõ𰸡
ȻˣԷȻΪǰŻ˵Ƿ, ϪижԽȷ˾Էľġ
Ҫʲô
, ȻЩںϵУؾھЩ֮С˶ٲºΣգһעͻᱻűãպҲ
Ϫ˽еΣգȴ֪չõֱӵУһպҲֱգû취
ϲǺˣҲԼӦѶϣվļκһˣնԷļƻˡ
ϪԼӵһμ棬ͶһĪ׽УӴԽ࣬Խ˺ˡ
ָоܹ֣ҲֻǶ˵ĶŴ֮¶жӲδɹʲôֱڣΥԼԭԼļƻʱʶеĲס
һǿԼԥԼע⡣
Ϫá
˼ͬʱڡ
ƲȥûҿԷ侲ھͿʼɣΪ㻤
ϪͷӦʣ齣֮ϣתʼտе
ǰ˵ڵұң޷գһ࣬бķա
Ϫһ㣬ظܵڵǵ·ںֱײƺҪľһ㡣
յʹ೤̶ȵʹⲻֻҪյĻܹЩ⣬Ūԭҵ취С
ϪһһƲϵͬʱԼʶСͨʶؿűĹŵ״ɫСӻ۶ɣÿһֻСӶػȸԾƽյ˳ȫͬ
һԣʿֻԼͬӣʿ츳ԽߣҲζŶӵԽǿӶסܱսʿڵӣԸ񶼻˳
Υһ㣬ܱգȴܿƣ˲Σ
ϪϸرȶԷֱ֮ĲͬڷƺźϸСʡ
ֱʵı
ϪǺȷһʱҲҲ⣬ֻʱ²⣬취֤ų
ΪЩʵԭָôЩأ
Ϫ˼κ󣬺Ȼ뵽Լϵӡǡò˵ӡ࣬ͬʱӡףࡣ
ƺʲôһ㣬ǰõĽ֮ǰؾǼӲޱȵʯѲ𡣾Ͳ֪еǷҲյ
Ϫ뵽ûйԥʼ顣
ӡۣϪҲмԣһʼϰԵʹĻա
ԼСʱϪԼеƺһ㣬ȴôԣϸģ¶ϸ΢ı仯
ɣЩʣЧ㻺ʲôԭأ
Ϫ˼ΣĿ⼯еǽСָͷСĵɫӡϡ
ֻϰ赼ȴδȥӡۡǲԸֻ
ΪףԼոһδûгԵĿܡ
Ϫ˵ɾ͸ɣоֳʶȥ̽Եǵӡǡʶһ̽룬Ϫһɾ޴ʹ壬Դʹʶڱա
ֻǣݾҵʹУϪԼᵽԼʶûʧʵͬһ㣬ڵǵʶ
ʶһϪֳʶȥӴӡǡȻûԼĿģӦǷʹϪĵصȴʱȷֳȥʶɺڶ֮ǻӡϴԼıǡ
ȻֻǶݵĿƣϪ˵Ȼ㹻
Ϫץʱ俪ʼеʣصٶȹȻϲ١ûЩʣʣµ޲ͬ
֮⣬Ϫ֣ڵǵӡƺһ㣬ԭֻСָͷСȴаָôˡ
Լǲۻʱ򣬺ȻһŴŴóԣҪҪ
ǣ
Ϫ𾪵ۡ
ʮ꣬һ֪ԼڵĶǻ
һֱעˣʱһôˣǲ
Ϫûע⵽ϵľ飬ҡҡͷЩţѾˣû¡
ǣɻ
ҸոշΪһʣڵĻܹܽʣ֮ܽͿˣ㲻õģҲ¡Ϫһ䡣
Ǿͺá
ϪһЩŵҼˡ
˵겻ȶԷش±ۣĳ
ʶջص֮УϪ֮ǰⱻƵС˿ȴͻȻѱ
ͬ˵ģ˭֪СԺв׼͸¶£ֻաвһҪԡ
ҪʲôϪεʡ
óԵġ
Ϫ
ԣóԵʲô
ϸһϪ̽ԵٴȡһȻزƣСѾԹ˵سȥ
Ƭ̺ڽϪѪ֮С
ٴǵŴҪҪҪ
Ϫͷֻܲͣ˹Էʳãһֱѻ޲ͣ¡
СԲ֪ƵػҪ࣬ϪȴټݶԷ»и
ʹñѹסѾǵָСļһϪûʱ̽Ѱ࣬ʼרĵظյԼʱʱֵЩе
һеԵʣϪԼȥЩʱȻܹܵеϤ֮С
ЩۼűȿﻹҪŨҵÿһֵӶŲͬɫɫɫɫʰ쵵ġ
ȻϪԼоЩҪҵһ
ϵоɢɢ˾ۣϪҲ֪Լ˶ãڴпһĨɫĹ⡪ˡ
ЩЩֵʱʱʱǱٶȽȥ
һҵеĴ𰸣Ϫۣһץסߵ˽ȥ
Ȼ˵Ӱʧһʱָƽ


31 
ŵҹ, ֪ӺζĻͻϯ˰Сɽ壬˯Ĵ޺㱻ɡ
Ũһ֮, һɫʯӳƲ㣬ֱ׹£ڴӳСϪУǡƮһСӤڡ
壬ԭ˯ŵӤͻȻͣŤԼС壬ȴôҲ޷ٴ籡ĻԼľʹ
ۡۡ
ӤĿɴСֻһʹϸСؼţٶһ, Ǵͻֹϡ
ǿǰһ˺ȻƮϪˮϵӤ
ϪʶٿȻѣһ̣Ǹ˵, ʦˡ, ʡǸӤ
Ӥʱڵʹǿ, , ǹʹûɢɾһһµϡ
ʦ˵ʱвһ, ʱļ䣬ǡ
𣿡ϪӵڵѾܿ״С磬ոļ䣿
СϪ, ˻Σ, ҡϪϪãСӡ
СӣϪ΢΢ü
šС˵ǻѽҿϪϪþãܺϪϪ˵ˡ
֣Ϫüͷø
Уֳֵֻܷ
ֵĳ֣һҲζµĵֻǣҪ뽫ȴޱȿ̡
Ϫ뵽֮뵽Լһ²⣺𣿡
СӲ֪ʲôСӾǻѽСЩί
ϪҲӣһ¶ģϪе⸴ӡ
ȻСûгϣǸʱüڵĳ˳һʱ벻
ʮǳǳڵСΪһʱ治֪ʲô̬ȶԴԷ
㡭
šСһһأϪϪһ֮ǰǸóԵĶСҪҪϪϪ
ˡ
ϪҲȥӼƽϣûˣǳȥ˵
ŶðɡСЩʧӦ
СݺΪȫϪʱĴڣʱԹԴţʱҪ
õģϪϪСӵϪϪҲܸ߱ѽ
ԷѧСʱԼĴڡ
š
㶨ڵĻ֣ϪŽԼʶ
ǵ֮ǰǱһ֮Уȴһżªľ崲ϣҲߡ
ϪһΧĻеĲ˴ŲôԣƷһЩûķ
еҲϡòؾ֮УԼҴڣ
ϪеİΣ۲۱ȥˣ˭֪´žͱƿˡ
˭Ϫɨ۹ȥȴֽҵˡ
ˡ߽һһʣоôûﲻ
û¡ϪŶԷץ󣬡
С壬һŮû⣬ģ˵һؾںҾʧȥʶұ㷢ԼһƬ̲ϡ֮ڸҵ㣬֮ǰĹһֱûѡҲ쿴ʱصĵطһС帽ǡʱĴһֱԣǡ
Ϫͷʾ˽⣬Է˵
⼸մϢڵĵطԼǰһС
ǰϪȡ
ͷӦһؾҪôǻþҪôⷽǰӰ񡣶⼸յĹ۲죬ҾӦǺߡ
ؾϪҲ֪룬һ㶼Ҫҵµܳȥ
зʲô𣿡
ʱûСҡҡͷһͨС壬ﶼЩˣûʿ˵иСǣ浹ЩʿǿȥһҾãǼȻ⸽Ҳ̫ԶŶԡ
ãġ
Ϫ˽û顣
˵˻ỰϪˣȥתת
С⼸û³ȥܿ˱֪һԳƵĽѣǡ䵽Ǵڰˡ
˳ȥʱ·ĴᶼʮظкϪҲ֣㰢ѽȻ㳤һÿ
áЦŵһˣɵ÷ƣҴתһת
ȿţҾͲʱˡ
ãæɡ
˺һֱĬϪŵã
תͷĿ͵ܵиݡ
ǡ
һ֪Ҫ˵ʲôæϵ룬ұʱ㣬ǰ㣬պǰǵҪҰ㡣
ϪЩ⣬Է˵ĻʵֻƲֵһ
С˲ñתһȦԾûҵʲôõ
ۿ̫߲Ҳʰ׼ؼҡ°ص￴ģҲϪ˼С
ȻյſڣϴӺ߻İ档
ԶԶƼˣкȻƼߵˣ¶ϲСϪˣ
ЦЦϪߵԷǰܵСϪλǵİ
ǰֻϪ˵ǵǴһ񣬲δϸ˵Է¼Ϫŷ֣λòʮֳɫʹһ򵥵ĴֲҲ˿ŸĹϵϻЩΣСȸߵ׺棬ԵƤֿɰ
лϪŶԷ
òáڰ֣Цͬ㰢һ㣬Ұͺá
档
еܣ
ϪĬĬ׽һɫؿһۡ
ȴ㣬۾գգһ¡
Ա߰滹ڼ˵СϪ㶼֪⼸㰢жൣ㡣ҿģٲѣǡ
Լ
Ϫɫתã˵ȴһӹеף¨Ұðɣһգۻˣ
Ѿϰ̬ȣƾ޹ֻνܡ
ֻƺϪܺӣٿĬĶָڲԾս
飡
ԱߵǽȻ

һʱ䣬ڳ˴۵Сۡ
𾪼ӿ־壺أضˣ
ؿף
ûʲôء
ϪĬĬյҲû뵽ǹŵķ
һۣ治ɫ԰һһµԺǽ
󿴿ҿ˿ڿˮȷʵСϪǣ𣿡
Ϫʿ
λɣӣԲ𣬰ǰ֪λӵݣð
û£ǵʱҪ˵ȥպദʹǰһ㣬нΡΡ𺳵ģڴȽȥɣҺСϪҪ˵
ŶŶõġŲԼĶԺ
ϪԶһ㣬ͼ̸̸ȻûڣȻ󣬱˵ϣҲԷס
ǽڵ⣬˿̿ǰˣϪȷʵйɽĳ嶯³ؽԷĿǻҪͨĳַʽȷ϶ԷĴڣҪڶԷϴԼıǡ
˵Է̫󣬱˺һŽƿ
㡭
ƯϪ˵
ͷ
һϧԼĿ佱
ϲϪʣȻȴڵĿ¡
ᷴӦԷˡ˵ֻǳϰߵĶµ˼̽˼Ҳһΰѻ˵ֻζ˵Ƥɰȷʵϲ
СϪЩίҵĵ£ûƯ
ΪǰѾͬ˵ף֮䡭
Ϫٴζס죬˿ϲ㣬Ҳϲҡ
ҡ
Ϫ£Ȱҵĵ¡֮Ҫһһ⣬ܱģҲϲˣȻ
Ϫܿգʵϲģȴ̲ס룬Ʋסĳصݡ
ҪٹһͺˣٹһͲЩõˡ
Եĵǵ΢ɲ˷սУϪǶԷĶͷҪһ㡣
˵ʲôֹס˶޹˼ɣһѽĿ
ԼļɢͷĪ⣬ǰ侲ԳֵһѾʵ˰ɣЩ˵ʽĶѧģ
·ʵϤĹ֣ٲЩʯ


32 

Ȼ, üһ壬ʵʲô
ϪΪҲ뿴, ʮ̹ȻҳѧһԷ
ʶһ̽ݶʱӳʶ֮УȻһΣ
[Ӱᷢףߵھľϴһʱ˱Һ䴽ಫ, ʼôϢŭӰĿ¶Уʦܡ]
Ǹʦͽģ
ɫһӿǷһסĳ嶯
侲һЩ, һԼûˡ
Ϫ, һöд, һԷ˵û, ʵԼſ
ԼҪܲѾ, ԷҲûʲô
Ϫÿ˵Ӧˣá
ˬ죬Ļɲûз, Ũûбģ
Լ, óš
ϪĬĬ󽫴ЩѾȫó˶Էʾʱûˡ
Ϫֱӣʲô˵ʲôһ㲻ѡ
ӡûʲôҲûе塣
սԼԼƵĴǣʱӲͷһ̵ϪЩʲôö㻹СԺĪҪٿûԡ
ϪֱضŶԷǸཱུСᣬ¿еĽҺʮˣС
ҰʮġͷЦø飬˼䣬ͶܵŮˡǰһСޡ
˼䣬ҲӦ˳׵͡Ϫָ߼󣬺ڸǵң˼䣬ҲӦǷ޹ϵŶԣٵӲԡ
黹̵ˡҧ˦ֽԺӡ
ߵһ룬ͻȻֻعͷװͰͿ˵һʱǰΧǽãŪԺιӰɡ
ϲŭ޳ϪʵڲԼľ仰˵ˣǸҲҲֻεͣ½ŲΪԼĻβ
Χǽ޺ˣԷӦþͲˡ
ֻ˵ÿʿʱôܹ޲꣬ȻзһֱɫϪȫ㶨
͵ϪԭжԷŪŷǲ׼ȥֻܷ
СϪӣˡҪһ𣿡Ϫţ¶ϲ
ԭǸɢĹʱͬס˼ҲûԷڼӣŲǸոյ֪ʿʶҪ˹ͬĹ󣬷ֶԷ̬һʱҲɿָس顣
ֻǶϪİһЩ˵ĵֲԾظеһȻﶼдֲ赭֪СϪòõùޣ
ϪºӦá
̫ˣȥѲ˶˳üһ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôתֲ֪ȡһɾСϪӣմӣ㰢һ
ãȻصͷԼеӣֿһڴϪھҪܾҲ
κΰ˵˾˳ȥ˵
ֻõϪһۣתֽӽ
ʿþ˭أ
ϪûбԾƤشյǰ½ضԷҲ
Լ
Ϫ״⣬ɴԹסԼϺһͨ䣬һ߲仹һ롮Ǹˡ
ڴ￴һλž²ģáϪĵ
ֵأԭԤı
ʵˣۣƵͬʱĵһ˵ĸо
ûƳ˶Էһۡ
ϪƤǴֲڵ˰춼ûһƤ޵۹̣Ưʵܡ
ĬĬΪԼ˸ںóһܰһһؽϪϵɾ
һΣ²ΪϪҲǶԼľ档
ðɡϪϧѾԹһΣҲ㡣
ûһᣬŷ˻
Ĳʳ˵ǼªʵʳĶ⼸׽ģʣһЩͨĺ˳Ҳһζ
˾
࣬ϺҪ˯Ҳ硣ϪȻҲҪѭԷϢȴ˯ٳŲ
룬˻ûţڷȴOO@@춯һϸСĽŲ˳ͣһᣬƺʲôͳԺӡ
ԺŴֹϵϪһۣϽɻ
ôˣԷҪȥ
ǰնûй£պϪһͷˡ
𣿡Ϫһ䡣
ܹһ
Ϫĸǰɡ
˲Զ׺ڰһ·ŶԷߵһɽ
ɽڣûֱӽȥ̽ͷ欣ˣ㻹𣿡
ڡʱﴫһŮɡ
Ůӻ䣬кȻһ
ɽƵݣ˳ڣϻлˮ
˲ýմʪЬĨ߽Ѩ
˶УֻһòŮſһʯϣɫβش£ԭƯޱȵƬȴֻʣ²һ룬һ벻ǵ˾ǶѪ֮Уۡ
ʱԷһһЩۣÿһ飬̲סʹһ
˵ˣһǰж˿鲻ɡ
濴βϵ˿ڣϲ̣ѽö۰
˵䣬ýϵǿƬγŤһ˲ʹ˺۵Ҳ룬ԺʹƬҲŲˡ
ֻۣ˵㲻ֹĿڵҰ㡣
ŶһһغʹϪתͷԱߵˡ
Ϊ綴˸ߣʶȲԷױ֣Զֻ
Ϫ
ڶеʱϪΪ֮һ֮üƵʱĴ𰸼ȫȷ
ͷӦǡ
ʵ֪Ĳ࣬ΨһеǵϢҲǶԷѾ˼סڴмġ
ؾ֮ǰҲ֪ؾʲô֪Լ次
ϸ˵ҲǵϡϢһ⣬Ҳһμʱ˿̣ⲢñϪ١
˼Ƭ̺ᰵʾϪһۣӹսǵĽ˳ȥ


33 
˭
˿ûԼϢ, ˵ĴڣʱĿ߳ˡ
Ͽոһ˶ҹ, ɽϪһ߳˲䱩¶š
欵Ļתͷ˳ֵķ򣬴ǵݺæסֵ£ǽסҼҵӣǻˡ
ϪἫΪƵаתǧأǰҽܵǰãҽϪ, 彣ޣʮ꣬ΪһԪʮӣһλʦ͡
һĽܣƬ, ², ˣ
˵ԽԽ, ϸƶԷģ, ǣϾƾˡ
ҲǲС
ǡϪϽ, ǰˣѻ
¶ϧ˳ĿעתƵԱߵ, Ҳ䣺Ҹĸ˽㰡ðˣ
᣺
ǰûǰԷŲͦ, ôָס
£żѵǰˣҵֻһŮޡ䣬ҽʮġ
˽㣡𾪣ɫתΪοһΪĸһֱأû뵽ô£㶼ˡ
欵̫Ȼ·ĸ˫˫¸ҳ㷹һ㣬һͻȻðıˡáûв̬ʮѺá
Ի·ȴ᲻֪˵ʲôã˼ƬŵǣǰĸȷʵЩԵǰ룬ĸ˽㡣
ʵ˽㣬
ǵǰλžؾʱ˵Լƻһ仰û˵
ŶҿҳôԭˡƲƲ죬׵һԹո˵ʿϿʲô˵ĵҩƿ¡
Ƥ񰡣
Ͱͬʱп
ֱ۵Ѳҩģ⡣
Ƴһԣͷ˵Ķԣö㻻
ỹûڣϪһȡƿҩݸ欣ûǰþǣƿҩѣҲֵʯ
æؽӹϪȫ⣺ҿԽԽϲˡҪűģҾҺҲ
ǰ˵ЦˡϪֻܾһˡ
欵öҩ£ΪȻûҲû£ֻҪԸˡ
ûڲٵĻͷƤһ顣
ôҲû뵽ĿС߰ǿ󡱵ףʵϾ⸱ӣǽǡȷʵжǽǵͷҲ˰
ܿͽˡסϪ֣ǰ˵ٴ⡣
Ӧҽˡ
һǵĸ棬ӦǼҳˡ
Ϫ۾һзһۣһ˿ߣҡ
һۣ欻ָҪһʱ䣬Ϫߣȥ˵
ЦĿȥŵҩʼҩ
ͽԱһ±Ƶİ档
˭ģոշʲô
ʲôףôֱ˵£ǲǽ
ʲô˼
-
롣Ϫ˵ȿڵҸոֻǲΪƻԭ˵ġ
ϪͷԷˡ
µظ¿ռ䣬ֻĦ¶Է֣ϸ񫡣
£ҲûеһʱֹϪɫϪǽλʲôҵǰԲΪҵĹϵ䣬𣿡
סϪͷ֤ģҵֻ㡣¾ҵ£ҲҵԲж뷨
ᰵ㱣֤ûãصһǸɫ
ǰ־ǸһֻӣΪλƫɫˡˣŴ
ϪȻܹסȻҲסǸɫ
ǰκﹴϣԲС
ǰκһйóﹴϣǾ͸ˡ
취ǡ
ıһãؾǰǶ˱Եơֻʱװѣ롣
áϪˬӦ
˼ԼӦضԷ
ɾҲĽҪȳؾʹԷżʦɣӦ޹ǡ
ȷϸڱֻصУѾҩβϵҲѾȫֻЩƬĵطԹͺͺģԼҪЩӲܳ
ϵѺãϪҲӶԷдСԭ
ǰձͽƣСһˣ䵽ߡ
հº·ϣɳ̲Ϸ˶Է
һֱ˵Ĵ˵ֻһСᣬܿͽܲʵҶ˶˵Ľ̶ܳȣֻȽ˲ڶС
ԭǴŶԷȶԷ˺úͷ뿪˭֪ʱȴСıϪ˲¡
ڽǺõģ欵Ҳ˺õø죬͸ûʲôõǵˡ
Ϫ꣬ﰵڡ
ԭûĵҩϵӦòôãƻСһӡǰԷκˣԷʹ뿪֪᲻Ӱʲô
ոôѶԷʱ欿ΪĴβͱ⸱ͺֳģѹѡ
˰Ծ۲ΪָһβͶʱְֱ׵Ĵȡ
ǣɻؿŶԷ
ǻȥȻɽʪֳסĵط
ˡ
ˡЦػص
Ϫһˣӹͷʵǰȥ𣿡
ȥȥһ˵۾һĴĿ䵽ϣ˵βô󣬻ȥ׸˳ЦܣԲɡ
δֻ꣬žһԷֱͦͦˤ˵ϣˮһƬ

Ĭһ˲款ǿسܡ
ҲӦæ׼ȥ
ýԿһϪ˼״ֻջ֡
ҸǣЦҡ欺žĿתһȦֻǵһˣϰ߰ˡ
ǰںȷʵûʲô˵뷨űŤ벻ϰûȱβ
Ϫæ̬ϪҳЦǰ
Ϊ壺ôûˤ۲ۣ
û˴ˣиС꺮ůܣһڰһߺƤۣۣؿҲۡ
һڵޣˤһӣˤëˣ
ܲǸ͵ɫףתСƳϪһ˼ıʱһѾ
ˣ롣˵ϪͷۼѾִ̽ȥϽȡһ˦Է㲻Ҫͬǻȥ·Ͼ߰ɡ
欱Ͷ޵Ķе棬ҪҲܾðɡ
·˻ص


34 
˵ħûڲ, ħﳤˣ欵޾Ҫ͵Ķࡣ
һ, ΪϪòϷ䣬֪ԷеºӦþͻͣ
Ȼ欹ȻתͷϷ󻻳˰档
֮󣬵欰Լϣʵںס
һٵظԼչǸˣԼͽܣΪؾҲһ̡
Ȼ, ˵ıʵ̫Լջ̲ס÷ȥ
ˣϪûеһʱ׷ȥתͷ˿ԭЦû, ¶⣺Ϊʲô
ᵱ, , վԹߵĽǶȺ׾ܷ欷ǹΪ
һ, Ƥع˹㿴СģɰҪܿһ޾͸ˣѽСôɰ, СʱһǸСްɣСģһڻҪɰ
ߡ
Ϫ룬ⲻԷ˷, ҲΪԼϲΪĵ£µĸס
֪֪, Ҳû˵СߣôŸʲôƲƲ죬˵رԹһ䡣
Ϫǵ£ˣ
ü޵£ĸ𣿽𣿡
ϪһۣͷĸȻ֪ǵĹϵ
ǺǡԼЦȻ־סϪСһ˵ҳҰɣ
Ϫһǿ첻ٶȣֻܾȵؿŶԷ˿ڿˮǰ֪
־ӡɿ£
Ϫ˲ϵʹȻǵá
ꡣ欵ͷЦЦ˵Ŀɲ˵ӴҲľܾһ֮˵ı΢ɡ
ˡ
ǰ˸ǴڹȥļеһӰӣûʧȥ䣬෴ϳݣȴһֱ֪
Ϫ
ڶԷ˵Ļ㱰΢ֻλεв
ڣԷ˼ƺ£Ϫ´󶨣ſھͺллĸȫ
ȣȿȡ欽һûһĸǺ˻żһֻ׸ޣǣֻȢޣޡ
áϪһڴӦ
һ˲漴˵ģԺǼҵˡȻҪǼҵˣһؾС˽ɾԲӦ
ǲСϪܾ
Ϊʲô欲
ϪҪҷҲ
С欰ڰ֣ˣԺ˵ȥӰˣҲȥС˰ɣͷҲ۵ġ
ãߡ
Ȼͷ׺ݵصôУ¶ҵݡһǡ
Ǿ߽ʿĶεϪŶԷѵıӰһʱ
-
Ϫ鸴ӵҵᣬԷڰ߿Զ
ϪԱ£˳ĿԿԶԼһԵ欣Է˿ΧڰԱ˵Щʲô
ջصߵϣϪ￴įĽ
ôˣתͷȻһЦϪϵĵǰοû£㲻õġ
šϪСǰֻͬ㿪Цˡ
öߵķ˿֪ҲûǾЩһ
˵˵ѹ
ÿӶĸ׶һİɡỹûƿǾʱһغ֣ڱڰĵعѣһ㳤󣬳ΪħڵʥŮʼղǷʵů
ˣŻΥ׵˽µ飬һеذΪԼͬʱҲǻڶԶԷһˣϧ
ǰԸȷʵΪáϪͼ˵ûͬһƯ󷽣ˬʡСڡ
𡣡ʱͷҿûôҪ㿴ռıˡż찡Ͱ˺嵽ˡ
Ϫ΢˳ĿɨȥÿŰͷš
ǣ˶٣ĸ棬ĸǰ棿
ϪԴ棬֮ǰֶ欵ĹϵΪ˼Է˵ϲҲֻԷڿЦ棬ҲֻΪѣȫûǷ룬ͻȻ֪࣬Ӹ
֪˽⣬ͷͲõˣҾԸӦϲһҪʬó׵ˡ
˵赭дϪȴľս˹ϵӣǼеָѹ
أϪʡ
ңü뵽Ǹĸף¶ЦҶãŰң෴ҺܺãҪʲôʲôõòٺˡ
Ϫͬҡҡͷѹˡ
ѹ᲻мһۣң
ϪڴῪϣ̹ϵԣۡ
ңŶӴЦ
ԷЦĪϪ㶵ط˷ĸ첲Щ֪룺ôˣ
Ц˰Σֱ۽ǽỨͣ£̧ͷϪ֪Ϊʲôץ𣿡
Ϫȷʵֱ֪Էԣ˵ˣȴԸ⡣
ΪңΪҡЦʧɤ˻ƵΪң˳ΪңʬԲðϢҪáΪң֪𣿡
Щһ˳е̫á̫ۣǼ欸Ĵ̼󣬻ϪԶԼ֪ԾؾͷԼ˵˳
ֹ֪ǵЩΪʲôץ𣿡ᶢŶԷһһʹҲΪҡǵǸѪ㿴ˣ֪ǿʲô𣿾ЩѪĶ꣬ұѪꡣ
㲻ǻѵûϱЩȻˣͲӦңͬЩȥˡ
ÿ˵һ֣ı߬һ֡
һħޣ۶գһ£ƫƫѧʶƶԴˣЩصĸα㻯ϵһ
һ̣ϪҲڷ˼ԼΪڣѯʶԷ£Ķ𣿲˽⣬ôܹذ
ĨȥԷϵˮѹˣȻǿư
ЩĴϪᣬЩȥ˶֮ʣ赣𡣡
ƶֻ˵˵ѣΪɱⲻ֪мƽϡ
Ϫ۾㣬ҲΪֻϲ㡣
ϪգԲǰûãûܼʱ˽ѹʹ࣬Ժ󲻻ˡ
Ϫȵ¶ȺɾĻϲ
ЩϵĶս
ܼѲŽԼͷĿѹ£Ϫ̫ˡ
棬ܿϪҡͷָָĿڵǰɫġ
ɫͷ˿λãв𾪣ܣϡ
ϲźɫϪ꣬ȴǰɫģⲢͻ˵ЩĴǹʵģĴ㲻㵣𡣡
ҪԷеҲԷġ
죬ʧ漴£ϱ˵ΣչҶ
˵˵ȥǳĽᣬһʱͨ
ϪҲ֪ɴתƻǰؾ⣬ԭŲҪ𣿡

ᾪˣ۵ΪʲôͻȻƫˡ
ˡϪһҶ㲻˵ı飬˵ʲôҵⶼ䣬ҲҪΪ˶Ա
᣺
õԱ
ֱϪôһҲ˲ԹˣæʰԼ˵
ˣȲͻȻ뵽ﱻͷץȥҲʱΣǰһֱûҵ뿪ҵ˵ͷؾγɣΪִԹɡ
ﱻץħڹһֻ꣬ߣǰǹֻ˵ǰŶӦ꣬ؾҲ¡һıǴ˵ʼִҲĻҪĻֹµķ
Ϫ֪ıһ㣬ҲвͬĲ²⣬欵вֱ˵ֻòҲȫȻĸµԹ߲ûأ㲻˵Ըһ£Ҫʲô
Ժɵؿǲ֪ʲô
뿪ƺ˺þò׷
Ϫɫ䣺ʦңȷ£ԼġԣҲԼġ
Ϫֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ欼ȲԸ˵ΪԼʧദĻᡣ
áͷ˼
Ϫڰߴ˰պ磬ͷбʱ˲Żذҡ
˵ʱһڡ
δ߽Ϫܸܵеİ뵽欵ݣ΢ۿϪʱˣרſһء
˵ϪȻ뵽Ҳǰ޹أȴ顣ǰ֮廹ԭ
Ϫµǡ
ҪƼѴһգɲУҺͰҪõĻѣܸ㣬ϲĻСҪȥ
С
ʲôף
ͬʱڡ
û£ȶӾͿˡȿһۻشϪ⣬ȻŽ͵ѾͬãʮףսҲ͵һȥණԺӣ·ЩҲӰˣ˰ϯ
ੲһͨջϪʱڳһģһ
Զԣոİ죬˼Ѿϲϲذѳ׵̶滮ˡ
ϪĽ͵ԵˣҲס
ǡ
졣ῴһۣǿӲʲôû롣
ŶϪίӦ


35 
һ, Ϫ˱㱻ǿקš
˵Ҫ˰æණϪΪֻ˵, Ͼ˰⣬˶ʿϵĴֲǲãȫûҪһ١
Ȼ͹欵ĶȤζԷӲԼΪϪĶԻôûг׵ķΧУǷˣڰгԵѭ˵ϰס
Ϫ䲻˽ⷲ˵Ļ׾ΪΣҲ׶ԷǿʶֻΪ, Ҳָ𡣼֮ԷԸһˣܿȻ¡
᲻֪飬⼸ʱԸַʽŪȫǶԷ׽Ūʽʱһ, Ҫֱһ治
, ȻǱѹ, 鲻ԸرѾߡ
ֻ㶫Ҳ, ƫ˲֪࣬ʲôҪһۣܺõĻġûöҪһ㡣
Ķ, ϪﻳＸȫ·塣ǰһɵ欵Űܵ÷ɿ죬һͽ˦
ȡ
Ϫ, ˭֪ȴϣ졣
Ϫһ欺Ͱʧķתͷɻôˣǿ첻ˡ
˾Ͳ¡˵һ, ȫӽ˴ָϪɵرţæߴŸҲ
Ϫɣǡ
㱿ģӣбԹԾǹ׽Ūˣ˶ˣ˵Ļʲô
ºĸŵĻϪȻµģŶá
᲻ҲϪڽš
Ϫû棬ͷһַС򣬽̵̯İڵýһЩ˵Сʤʡ
棬Ҳ欺Ͱˣòֺ
·һ̯ӣϪĿⱻֻ
˵գԷɫβˣȻ־ĶǵĹ֮С
ҲˣҲβʲôɫأӦҲɫɣ
ҸɵؿŶԷʡ
ϪЦЦץһӣᰴļ򣬡𶯡
ɻ󣺡
Ϫû˵̧ɵؽľķúŵÿ
ʲô̧
ϪΪҪӰæס֣һֻҲҴòã
жһöµ˵˵ʱҪҪһЩϪ˶Σó
ϪԭУβ´ʱִΪԡ׿ƽյĹֱоⷬʾȷȻܴġ
΢΢񣬷ӦʱѾŵ˰С
ָ˶٣ûջأŶԷ⣬ϪӲáһ߶һСʵǲ欽ģ
ϪĬЩᡣ
ŶԷı仯ȫսֻöʮʵã˵ʵԷҪսɣʱһþܾ£ٵݸ̹Ͻ
һᷴΪĬˣжʱԺһ𡣡
ԼȫλأﵹãҡŮ
Ϫ˿ͷϵС㣬뵽ԼͷҲиһģһģ¶ϲ
̯˹߻Թɫ˾һͨ䣬ǶЦλСϻݣһʮġλСǮ
Ǯ
ϪէȻֳѺۣתͷᡣ
üһĪı飺ҲûС
ҲûУϾԷ뾽ҲһȤ
Ϫ״ɫһƬȻ
ϰԼƽջܵȥǮʱֻԶԶؿţѹûһ磬˭뵽¾εľ档
ϰȼ˴ŲףʱϪĬģ򣬲ǿǲ֪λС㸮ϺδӣǲȥȡҲɡ
ûСϪҡͷ˵欣ԸΪһС´ǡ
λˣϰɫһ䡣
Ա̯ϰһߣӣ¶첲Ͻʵ⡣
ǡϪæ塣
˵⼸˼һҲΪ壬ʿнõķʽ
룬ȡһƷʯʣûǮУ
ϰͬԱ˼еĶʱ۾ֱˡ
˵شƫƧмʿһӻյӣ˶һ²İ
С̯Ǽʶ㣬һ۱ϳϪóʿʹõʯôһ飬õ̻طȥٿɻǮ
ҪˣæصͷϴС֪ˣСһӣС̯ϵĶλ뿴ľߡ
Ҳ׷ױʾԶԣλпеľ߱ǣǮ
ҲǼûʱϪƾմ£Ҳ᲻вԷ·λˡ
Ϫ״ƳһԱ²ؼᣬεطϼˣˣֻشܵʮģ
ܵģܵġϰæӦ
ܾˡϪ˵ʯ̯һ˦ˡ
ֱǼˣ½Ų
뵽ž״Ϫǲ⣺Ϊˣ
쾭£Ǽ˾ԸǮ
ȻΪġˡݡ¶ڽ͵ѵͲ֮ǰЩսռԱЩע񣿡
Ҳˡ
Ϫһ߷һϸһʱ龰ȷʵЩڷּƺ͸žη֮⡣
㣬͸ˡ
ʱٷˣЩֵú
ῴ޹۾Ѿ¶ɻ󣬿в۵аɣ֪Щɵĵɵý͸Ǹ̳ˡ
Ϫü㡭
öԷ
ʲôᷭ˸ۣͷɵΪʿΪУݡλˣҲǿʳһ˵
Ϊߵ۸Ϊ͵ģΪ͵ľѹΪ͵ˡЩʿ߲˲㣬ѹĲЩˡ㵱֪ϲ˶ͬһֱԸعص塣
˵ǹΣ˵˶ЩĻҲͲνħˣ
˵ҭƬ̷һˣֻһμѣ⡣ʱˣȥǰɡ
Ϫ飬֪뵽˼Ƭ̷ס˵Ǿҹ˼õĻ⣬ұ㵣
һ˵
ϪֵĸѴӦͬĻ£պҶһ壬빲
˵ʲôᾪʵʲô£
Ϫ֪ʧԣæڲȵ˵ĸҶ˰䣬ͬ˵Ĺأ㡭
ǣŲ
ϪǻԲ޷粻ˣ˵û欵ֱʣ˭ţ
ԼʲôϵǸƼˮİ˰ˣƾʲô
߷ߵسϪԤȥҶԷˡ
سǲʱ˲ǲģʱֻʶһѰܿҵˡ

ûϪ欲ûпԼĹȻǱԼĹ۵㣬ֲ÷ϸշ˵ֶΣǮһţæ˻
ϪᵽʱѾЩһǳõƷһȴһ߰ĶСӲľľСһĶ
ȴûעֱߵǰʵϹ˵ʲôˣԼа治ģͬʲôʱҪˡ
޹գգۣ˵ʲôˣ
ϪǸεҲС˵©죬ͬ˵޵¡
ط˸ۣ͵س²ࡣ
գ˿̻ȰΪá
תתЦһǣԿǣˣС˾Ͳÿˡ
˭Сӣ˦ָ֣˵¡
ȻѽЦһ100ų꣬ڲǸС𣿸㻹ɺأͬΪףòƣ˵һҲΪɡ
ҧǰ㣬ѳˡ
ȴûǾ䳤
Ҳ֪ǳĲĻôˡϪ⺢ӶѽúãԸãʺ㣬ؼأٵȥôһԩõء
ԱϪижѣ֪ԭԼڶԷ֮ߡ
ģһúôġ
صͷһ߳գգۣҪҵ۹⡣
ü΢ٿ֪޾ϪôôöԷ̬ЩŹ֡


36 
ʮ廹м, سǻĵڶգڰָ½ԭЩưܵСԺһ¡
ҪϪͰ涯, 欺ڴһͳųž˸Ĺ
ȻҲǳ֡ʱˣҲԳԾӣѧϰ츳
ϲ˵ȴΪϧӡ
ϪҲϲдܰҪ˵ΨһĴžǴӼϻ欲֪ᵥ˵ʲôüηֶԷ͵͵һָӵԼ, ȥʱԷָ̻糣ֻˣϪֶԷƺض
Ϫв⣬Ϊʲôȴס˵ʲôԷǺˣеСŮһ׶, Ϫ, ȶԷڹȥܸˡ
欵˵, Ϫ뻳ɰͬؽˡʱϨ׷뷨, ȥδмֱŤ
ݱŤҲûά̫á
ڳǰգ欺ϰʱһɫСߡ
ϪģС΢΢Ƭ̡̣
˻˻ԴС߿ҲͣŤͼȡ
һ㣬Ҷ欰סβͼ, ˷ܵܵǰ氢棬쿴ƬƯ
ءĻͷ, һƯԣβͱƯ
˶, βͺÿĪʾһֵ欹غ漴ͷίҵƬûڶÿˡ
һ۵ذοûµģβͣҶϲԶˡ
Ҳϲˡ
Ϫ˵۾ں᣺ѾƤ𣿡
֮ǰϺϪʹ̣ʱ˵ƤܷųϪֻգɱˡ
΢ЦšոںʱͻȻСһͰųˡ
ϧãɱɹûü˾ħ
ԺǲǾܺǴһ𣬲ûˣϪʡ
ֻҪԸ⡣ͷͬʱЩΣŰһ
˵¶Է֮⣬ڴɰûߡСһסĶߵȵݣкֺ޴ϲֹһòá
Ҳ˼Ϫæ͵ֻ³һסµѩûء
Աʾ⣬漴ü˿С߷ȥ欵Ҳùµˡ
һߣŪĳǷѾ˻˻ϪϪˣ˻
Ϫʱͫ΢ţȵؿ᣺ιԻԵˣ
ǳԾûС

Ա˵ĶԻĵƳ˶һ۵˵仰ưŵá
˼
һƽ˵԰޲ǻ˵СϪû𣿡
һûһߡ
ϪڽͣһҪԪӤǲܿԣŽ𵤣ַޣԭǲô翪˵ġ
˵Ŷ˶٣ŷĵСʵǰ֪ô𣿡
һ鷲ˣ֪㵭ҲȴͬͬΪޣȻ˽ԣ֪Եɡ
֪һ˵һ߰С߲ڰϣЩתͷϪѾͷ˵Ķ
ǡϪͷϴһΣԭҲСĴߵģʹǲ
ˣϵı顣û⣬෴ǡ欴ϵԽ⣬Ȼ
ʲôϪһͷˮ
ʲô˼
Ҳüл˵
аɡ欴˴СͷϵɫƬ̵ؿڵҲ²£ǰСһϳʲôˣıô˵ҲԣԭȷʵıɾͲˡ
欹˵һһ룬θڡϪˣϪһȻӣ˼ǱزΪԷ϶˵
СߵİȺ׷ʵʲô
Ů棬¾Ͳˡ
欶ʱŪ˼صıԭĺֻǵѪŨȼԺԣԴҲһ㡣
˵ŲƳһϪ㵹ãǡþͼôһֻǡüڵ˿ѪԺúŰɣɱ䣬õġ
һǶ˵ġ
ʲôû˵Ϲմһϵģܹ鲻ƽ֮
ͬ˵ĵĻѾͷŨƼѣߵ˶棬˽Ϊ£ԹơˣǵЩǲƣʱ£á
ڴӲ֮ˣʱѼһĺˡ˵ϪƼҲûжྪȡ
ΨһܽܵǣԷ˵Ĺ˵¡
ȷʵе֮乲˵˵ڣֻҪ˫ԵĵԼɴﵽͬͬ˵ľ硣
˲ֱͨԼϵһˣﵽͨġʱõͬԼ򻯶
Ȼд˵ɷ磬ȵԼ֮٣ͨĸߵԼ˶ǳ١
Ͼһģζ˵һ𣬸ԽԽܵӰҲԽ
һ˼ƽϣοǸϵص¡
Ҫ֪˿ɲָˣҲ˵һ֡
˼Ϫϵǲ
᲻òϣ
欸پջҲ
Լűǣοˡ
ճ̵¸ᶨԼľġ
֪ˡ欵İʾüлл
欼ִģֱۣ㡣ǴˡôҲ֪˭
᲻
ϪͰһĪʵڲոľ仰ûԣôͻȻˣӦ˵ޱ
次

ϪͰͬʱڣŸԵ뿪
вСҲô˻ӰߣϪڡ
ԺӣϪſʣողĸ
ʲôϵأùУԺ˵ʲôš
Ϫԣ˿˰ηźɵǲʲôң
ﱾ飬㿴ŸѰǿ򶨣ֱϪ۾ûС
Ϫü΢ûУ
ûС
ʵȥתƻ⣬ȳΧ
裬˻˻ΣųСڸһСԴϪָһ߸״˻˻
òǵͷοίˡ
ߣֻȷʵûǷ
СߵԴί˻˻
ϪΣԲ𡣡
С߼״˻˻ί
һ˿ѪҲһֻߣ¶Ҹѧ˵ȥȥֻǼʡ
ˣ֪ԺԶ㡣ੲݵĻһ˵һԴ˰Σ˵ͨɫԶƮ죬ģûаư
С޹ؿˡ
ϪҲСߣ뵽欵Ļڵĸ˵Ǿźˡ
˵ɡƲ죬֪ҪķѶԴ𣿡
ȼԽߵԴԴҲԽ࣬Ҫ˵ȰϹѪˣѪǺ£ҪѪ¡
ϪҲ֪ѽ̵ˣԵеְһŬԴǵġ
ԿһۣԼɡ
˵ɶԷĻϪˣֻҪȥؾҵöġ
ȻϪԼ֪һ㡣뵽ԼǷŵʯԼϴķ£һʱûֻܰΪԼ


37 
ų̵ĳ, ϪͣͼյĹϵָͣǰģ
պ, 欺Ͱĳɻ
˾ŮӣĽͨ˵ܻЩ죬ϸ˼滹û˹ֻѽ׵̻ţڴȦ֮ڼҰرɡ
죬ϪͷǣŴӴ峤ҽţվſڵλ˳š
һ߳ͷ϶ϪͬĻֻԭ˫մʱȴǱ֬Ϳͨ졣
Ϫ˵һ˲۾ˢصɴ󣺡, 㡭
ǲعҲֻ֪欸ɵóԼһյʱ䡣
ûǽӲ΢ЦŸߺ˳š
£欺ͰǣźԺ߳
ϴͬžµ廨ϲ, ϻžµױ, һ, һÿɰ, վһ䡣
ģϪ˿ޱԼֻ˳̬ȳϿҵ˵λϳ
ȵȡ欰ڰ֡
ϪͰɻؿ
ֻԷϷ, شһ֬ϪոˣҲϸױ
ױ
ϪԱ޿, ױ
ֻǳӦء
, ϡüвȻҺͰķͷ𣿡
ղвģϪģãȻܷŹ
ͼȰ˵欣Ҫ˰ɡ
ʱίؿǽǵĻֻһҲź
ΣֻܶϪʾǸΣСϪ˼ܲæҺͰֻôһףҲʧ
Ϫ
ʱðǸͨĺˣԴ欺ƷƺҲŶˡ
ˣͬ⣬Ұϡῴۣһ֬ӣŵ
û
Ϫ죬˵ȴЦù졣
ֻһСΪûո͵Цǲǣ
Ϫ飬ûҷԾζԷͿĨ
ͿϪʣô
򴽣˺ܴסûЦһһܺÿ
ÿ
ϪԴ˱ʾɡ
ʵѾͨԷеĵӰԼģÿ϶̸ϵġŶԷϵЦ⣬ϪʱúÿȫҪԭҲԼòǶԷϲ
׺ϪЦЦȻûϲͺá
ϲȻϲһصͷ
Ҳʮ⣺ֹݣԶˡ
Цĸ첲ֿϪϵĺɫ֬ΣԾ֮һҪಹǡ
һֻˣֻܴϪ˿ɾѹե
Ϫְʦãһ·ϱ๤ˡ
Ա֮£欺Ͱλ˾еĹ֣ΨһĹǹͭ塣
˻ƣﲻ޳ɣҲû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļ
СӾ͸ˣȻΪʲôӣǵȫвǹջЦǺǵһкһ׷ţһ߼ǹһ߳ף衣
ϪųȦЩС͸ȦҲԽԽ࣬ڶȦʱСˡ
ʱϪⳡ壬Щӵĳ˲ó
ͷ˿Цݵ欺Ͱ棬ֿ˿Աߵᡣ
˶࣬ٴţͣЪԭԸϣǰֳʱ˿ȴĵȥҲ䡣
ǺܿġϪ˵
ͷš
ĳβ;Ƿϣϲǣԡ
СҲѹեϵòײŵп͵һСᡣ
ԼڣܸܵеѱΨͬÿһСǣιһ
Ϫ״ҲҲҪ
ź˵һ˿˿Σûоܾ
һιԷֲͬʱССЩЩ
֪Ϫд˸о
ʿֱȫ޶˶ʱһԤס
ؾȴһ£µƽãҲʼûԼĿġֻԭΪ·ҲӦڻ֮û뵽硣
Ȧ˻صңֵƻ裬ϦĹ֯ȾϼѤʵϼҲ˻װ硣
һء
欺Ͱͬʱ
ݸá
˶Ű游ĸλ
ϪЦ΢ĿȻؿһ桪ɫˡ
УԼĹ
һᣬһˡ
ῴ˿˵ɫƺ˿ı仯Ҳ˼˶԰ݡ
欺Ͱ溬ЦŶԷɵһڡ
ʱһźɫϡ
欽ţΪôһСţһӴ˵ɢ
㷣´ħ⣬ĥ
ƺûע⵽㣬ֻһ棺ڳˡ
ǣԺǾǷˡ漤ۿ졣
˻УɫѾȫͱųСԺ
Ϫⳡͻķ꣬вŨ΢΢üתۿ欣·ԷӦ֪Ŷԡ
ȻȴһҸʲôµĻԼĵȥˡǣһСͰųʲôð
˵Ϫתͷͱߵ棬Һ¡
ϣûá
ûµģءļ򣬶Ϫ˽͵ߵ仯޳˵û׼
ɫѾܶأȫȻûо
Ϫ˵ͷȴû¾衣Աߵᣬŵǡ
ֻǶǰһˣҲöԡ
˾ҹĹԳͣԻطȥ
Ϫװ£طԾš
欺Ͱ˵жԤСһ·
𣿡᲻ȷز²
Ϫ֪˵Ǹ˭ħ諡
˵ΪѴﵽˣʦҲ˵ԷʵĽɢɡ
Ľɢʲô
ʿ޵˷ܷ׽ٲɱɢɣÿһǧһ׽٣ΪҲһ١׽һʹˣһٳɹɹɷɽ硣
ѽû˷ɹɢɣΪߵ˾һԪڵ̫ϳϡһλ˽ɢɡ
λħΪ£ֹġ
ңֱڣϪԾãؾִԶԷҲӦ
ϪҡͷӦòǡ
諣ֻʲôأ
üϸ˼ʱķȴͣˣ·簢˵ֻһͨ仯
Ϫȴԣʱţ欵·⡣
ἱе欣棬ǡ
ڸոգͻȻо欵Ϣ
Ŵ򿪣һµİ¶ͷСϪ
أ


38 
, Ȱش壬˭֪һŷԼ˽ԭضá
һգ۵Ĺ, пֻţϪ
ϪĿٿȻ䵽ϡ
欵Ϣʧ̫죬̼Ϣһ㶯ûǰİ棬Ĺͷ
ϪпٻЩӵϢ漴óһ˲ŵĽۣ㣡أ
һֵʵ̫ˣʧʵڹڹ, ôҲὫЩͬϵһġ
ҡóæͷ͵ֻȥȥĵطˣȵҾȥǲõġ
ȥĵط
Ϫɫͬʱһ, иһɲõԤС
᣺ȥˣ
ûл, ֻ˵һһû, ˾ȥ
Ϫƽ͵, ֿ˿ԱŵᣬʵʲôܲȰſ
Сҡͷһ, ²ܿԡ
ʲôϪʡ
ġ
ǳЦŻص˵ͬʱֻĿڵλһ˸Ĺâ, ʲôа
һ˲䣬ϪܵһǿϤϢ, һ次
Ȼô᣿
ǳǳعţǱĿ䵽ǿɫϡ
ԣǰ欵ģ̇ͷᣬȺ͵갢欱ץǰһңһű㡣˵㲢Сˣȱһ࣬ע޷ɳڽĸ㣬պܺúóˡ
һҲΪ˱Լ⣬˵󣬼ϪϾԼǿӷɵǰ
ȵȡ
Ϫͬʱ
ǿӳԺ󣬵˿̣˶Ļ˴룬޷¡
Ϫǳڶĵļ次
޷ֻܼϣϪϪҡ
˵ϪȻ
ƳĶһӵһ˿˵Ǳ£ûж⡣
һһ䣬ȻɵĿڡһ壬ҪԶҵʵĶˢһûڡ
һڣʱоһӴӿ壬ʶŻ硣ڰǰһ룬ҧӿм֣أ
ϪʧæǰסԷ塣
״æοģǰ欵ŮҲẦġ
Ϫü塣
ʵ֪˵滰ҲԹֻЩʹԼС
̧ͷ۶Է˵ȴۼطְ徹͸
㡭Ϫ¶ɫ
ȴɫƽͣҵԸѾɣ뿪ˡԺ鷳úչᣬǸĺӡ
һ䣬Ӱܿɢԭء
ͬʱľɫҲ仯ﻹʲôСԺ壬ȡ֮һտɽɽǶǧҹ飬Ƭռյ硣
Ϫ˿̾վɽĵλãԱ߲Զһ͸ˮףһˡ
Ϫ߽һȻǷǰʧİ档
ʣԭΪûлʣµָ黹ûн
ǰ治ʱϪ㷴ӦĲ²ⶼˣ󲢷欵ִǰִ֮˵ԸѾɣϪ͸ȷһ㡣
ֻǡ
Ϫ뵽֮ǰ欵ķеΥͣǰִ欲ӦмŶԡ
ǰϪһ֣欣
ûûС󴫳һԹ
ϪŶԷϤСĵرת˸ĸȻ
欷˸۸һ˭
ϪǰˣӦ˵ǰĲлʡ
ǰؾ欸ĸоǿҳġȻǰˣϵѹøǿڵȴȻ޴棬ȡֻ֮ʱп
ϪҡҡͷûУֻ֮ǰ壬ΪλͻȻʧ
Ϫ欲뵽ʱ龰
˵Լʧ˵ǰʧϾڶԷֻһ޵ĻԼʹ͸뿪
˵ֻ˳ʧ
ؾɢ˾û£Ϊʲô͵
Ⱥ˳ԲԣϪԷӦִָʧԵʣ첻پᣬת壬¶ǣڡ
ҪˡƮˮԱߣˣνˣҪΪ㻳ûĵļһҼҰ˫˫ȥˡ
ΪţͰ˫˫ɣϪʾɡ
С֪ӵм䣬˵ǰɣ¡
ϪʳɻֱţСһ㶼ɰ
ǸϪ΢΢ףһ飬Բĸ֮ǰΪβ߰ࣿ
ʱΪþû׷ʣȴò⡣ǰִԭǰ˲ŶԣһûмĻ
欿ˮﰲŵˣϵĲȥҲŵͳ֪ΣͽҰˣԸð뿪
Ϫ˼˼ηʵȥת
ӻ⡣ָȴԷ壬һߵһ˵꣬ˡ
ɵ氡
欵ָڳɹͣڶԷϣûдȥ
ǷˣݣĸԷԭϣԷأ˭뵽һȥҲûܻ˵õĻҲԶû䡣
عﱻĥЩӣδһߵͷ۶ҧˣֱΨʣİı
˵ԴȪûģߵ˾ͷ
欲ģɲΨһҲƴɢ֮ǰɵɵﲻҪٵˡ
ֻû뵽ԷĻҪɵԷ֮ããҵؾ
ҹʱΪƬؾʣһþ꼸ֻһ˿л꣬Եȴĵ
л޷꣬Ϊˡֻ꣬ΪԸ
ȻԷǸδСˣԷ˺á
ϪŶԷƮĻ壬ٵͷۻԻ˯ˣüأ
ңüЦһȻǸŰһ𣬱Ͼҿɲűˡ
Ϫ˵죬ȴ֪صЦֻЦԶԷǵл꣬û취ֻת
Ϊ˵ԸԷûɢĽ֣ת档
ˣɥøѾһ欲ƳһָָۣԱߵԲ̨ȥǸù
Ϫ˼ϣֻӷԸûغӡ
򿪡
Ϫ
װϷֱǶһ챦ʯһʯ
ɫǸ˵ĲТŮţɫǸˣǵõѪصĺöӴһ˵һ߳Ϫ۾úÿɶҵıԼûùء
ϪԼǵıƺѩƼһأԭľܾ֮ʱɺ档
ȻҲǽõġ£欳û
Ϫ̬ȣĸ˵ֻҪϪģƴǡ
һТŮؿ˿л˯ᣬչһ꣬ҵҪҲ֣ܰ
ҴӦϪûԥֻ꣬һỤһ
㲻öԷ˵Ҳġ
Ȼˣ͡Цеؿһۡ
ȷʵǿ󣬵ԩͷϹ
֮ӵĳŵТŮԺ·Ҳ˳һЩڶԷԽǾͲĿǷΧ֮ˡ
źòТŮ欼˵ڶ¡
ͷһľĻǾ棬ҪȥΪѰ˼ҡ
Ϫ˵£ͷϪС
˵뽫ǿľԼĴУȴ£ȵȣȱ𶯡뿪ʱ˵
Ϫۣ׹ȫƾˮ׺ľΪж棬ľԷҲʧ
»ʱ䣬ȷʵӦöһദʱ䡣
ͨһϪջ֣ʵǰҪҶˣɻҪ󣿡
ˣʱʣµĵȰ˵ҡͷ
Ϫ޲Ӧãĸġ
һָָᣬָָǰڷźӵǸԲ̨
Ϫʱûע⣬һ˵ŷԲ̨ϳǸ⻹Կһġ
Ϫ˱ȥʹƽԲ̨֮ϡ
˿漴־ͬʱ߳Ĺϸҥ
Ƹ裬
Ϫҥ˼ȴܸо붯˲ԾУ񾹲֪Żһ˲
欲޿Ի˵˼Ϫûݽȥٻʱԭģ欵ĸҥ
һϸ׵Ĺϣһһؽγһ޴Ĺ롣
ʱ欵ĺ߳Ҳټ
ʽЩܳΪһˡ欼Աߵ˵ǣһ䡣
ϪͷĿ䵽ϣⳡʽƺļ󣬺ԾͿԿԷԭƮĻ忴ȥԽȡ
£Ϫǵ˷欣ĸĻ塭ûа취𣿡
Ƴһۣٵа
ʲô취Ϫǰһ
欴һ䵽Բ̨ϵĹϣᡣ
л겻ȣں޷ԭͬԴƴһƴռ壬ٲʳ꣬Ҳûпܡ
Ϫ֪ǿЦȴʶض־裺
ˣЦˣҪôˡû˼ƲƲ죬ƮˮԱߣ޲˵ʲôʳû˵ȴҲ֪̣һɥĲ񡣡
˵źϪָֻǣ˾δˡ
ϪﶸȻһ˿⣺ĸ˻⣿
ûͬ˵𣿡üôģôģ


39 
ϪֱʱЦ, ȴǰСʱ״̬Щͬ
ȥɣɫָ
欵ͷ, һ̲סȥЩʹ࣬е޼ѹס蹷ɲңʲôѪԵѾͷΨһžôҸ󡣶ˣ
欵㵽ֹ˵Ŷ˶ѹ۵һת, ܹⲻһʱ֮£Ҳֵǣǹʱᶯ֡ҸôѾͷֻ֪ǵôӦҵ¾Уպ, ܰͰһء
һġ
ϪĶ, һȱȱģ, Ȼٶ, ֻܵϸʡ
ı飬Ҳᷴڣ಻ڴ϶, 컻˸˵£̸̸£
ҵ£Ϫ졣
ԣ¡欿϶, ȻҲҵ¡׼ȷ˵, һ׮ס
Ϫɻ󣺡ʲôף
欣һҶĽסģһƽӲռ˱ˡ
áϪһڴӦ
Ȼ֪Ǿ仰ˮ֣ԶԷ˽⣬ԼԵҲ¡
ϲЦտǸúӣҹȻû㡣ôϵķϣԺѾͷɻʱҾΪһ֡
лл
֮ϲ
ӦõӦõģǼ˵¡Щߵؿһɫ֪Լϴһö֣
Ϫ΢΢ȣֵҲֻڽؾ֪ؾʱѹŸովѵĻְشڵ֮У款һۿơ
Ҳ֣ǰֻһл꣬ҲǶɽڵĲл꣬ΪͼʶαװҲ¡
֪ˡȻҹڻϢǿվѲã֮ǰ֪¡
ԷԼȫС
Ϫ֪˵Ľ״ֱйˣ˼Ƭֱ̹ȷ粮ĸԣʱһ٣ҴȴԴԭΪµĺ֢ǰھżȻѻ֣ŷʵࡣ
欱ʾ⣺δǰһȷʵʶ֮ҲᡣֻҲӦ֪ж󣬼ʹֻ֣Ҳ١ҲãҶƼֻ类˺Ƭ
ϪͷȻ֪ǰŻʩֶػϢֻû뵽ԱԷˡңȻܿ˶ȻҲܿ˷ȥǲٰȫ
ͬʱҲ׹ԷԵ޹㣺ĸа취
СüҲֹϢķӣһص¸㡣
Ϫ飬֪ĸҪʲô
İõҪ󣺡Ҫ굤ơ
ǰ߲˵ʧҪһζҩݡҲǰԼƾ޿ܣΨһϣǹžԼ棬ȻҲǼޡ
һƣǰǧǰһλΪԼƳһ˭֪֮ŷԭԼ˵һתİˡ
λܴ˴̼һŭ֮ԳɵҲ֮һ޾֮С
һѰο»һѶط
֪һ㣬һʼûбκϪĳһ⣬һ˿ϣ
Ҳǿ󣺡ֻ辡Ѱ۽ΣҵĽ׶ɡ
ȷʵٹƽǶԷԿϪûʲôԥģΪ֮
ȫΪеĽףΪԸԷģ˿̼о˵ķȻԸȥ
ͷɴذԼ֪ȫ˵˳
ؾ£ΪӦסһɽټµʿΪߵģҸİ취ʵǰβˣҪҲҪȵԪӤԺ󡣡
ϪĻʲô⣬ͷҼˣҲᾡΪ
Ҫ˵ĵڶˡ欿ʣ֪ν֣
ڻ֣ϪǰֻϿһЩȴ˽ԭǴȻźϸ飬欵˼Ҫ˵ϪҲƴǣĵǰͽ̡
𡢵ػ޻𡢻ȣΪһԣȻҲ⣬˵ǰһλʦżȻгֳһƻ磬ʿڣΪĸµİ취ҲȷʵɹˣԴˣ˻ֵ˵
ϪڵĲ¥ֻ԰Ҳֻ̣δ뵽Ŀ̷
ʹ֪ϪԴᡣ־ᶨû³
ֻ欵˵ڵĻֱ˿Žȥġһϸ룬лıֻʦ޿ܡ
˵ʦΪµʱֱʱļҲ欵˵
Ϫһ˼ʵ֮⣬е𣿡
һ˿ȣԭһأһû˵Ȳ³ˡոû˵꣬ڶְ취վΥ˵ûþͱŵѹ£֪˲ࡣڵĻȴвͬ
Ҫ˵ĵӦ˵ǻֵͳԴǰʮУһޱ𡯣ǳĩ֣ȻǬޱĵһвͬԵһγֱ֮С
ԣ⺢Ӿǵùúõôͱѡأʹϧȴֹסʡ
˵βãʵܱޱѡеһǴߡ仰˵Ůˣôܲ˼ʡ
˺㲻ͬ
ΨһֵοĴžǣãȴŮ˸õġ
Ϫ֪룬ȷһڵޱ𣿡
Բƽţ˵Ҳš
ȷĴ𰸣Ϫ˿
ǶʦǶڵСӡ
ллϪм
лûáбһۣŻЩ㻹պôιǸһɣιòÿɾˡŶҪһ㣬ڻȻѣպֻѣÿһףҪһΪſɡ
˵һۣܼҡ
ϪĬȻһ޿ɷ
ÿһױҪһѰһӶòһȴҪѰҪ࣬˵ܼȷʵû
˵˵ģΪԼǰߣƮˮ˰ա
պ֮ǰֱӰ뿪ؾİ취Ϫóһľ˽ȥٽϪͰһ
ЩûãΧߵһҲڡ
Ϫ״¶Цݣ׼ӭԼİˣȴǰľһСӡ
ǰСһģһȫǳ̬С档˵ﲻͬԼӰԲ٣°˫Ȳȡ֮һֵĺɫβ
ſɰˣٿɰҲֲϪе𾪡úһ£ôͻȻͱһˡ
Ȼ࣬ǰСӺȻһĿ


40 С
ۡ
, ôˣϪһޣʱʲôҲ˲, æǰ˱ʵôˣ𣿡
ȻСӾòͣβ̶ֱͣĿ
ءء
Ϫ۵ıĵôˣܸҺòãһһ˿ޡ
Էǲ
Ϫ֪Ե, ״̬ʲôҲʲֻ次
欳һۣڵûʲô£ǳԳû, ˾ܱˡʽ, һ, òŴС֡
ǰδ˵Ϫ
˦ô֪ôûá
˵һˡ
ϪŻ˵С, ⸴ӡ
˿Сӣֹ壬Ҳ˻һС״̬Ҳ˵, ĵ£һСޣһʧˡ
Ϫ̾˿, ó˲ᣬһغС԰, ˣ۾޺ˡ
СӴ˿ϪĻһ߳ҭһ̧ͷɻؿءСС
Լֶˡ
ԣᣬССϪν͵˵ָָԼҽϪԺϪ㡣
СؽһϪ㡣
Ŵһ»Ϫࣺԡ
һ˵һĦһСཱུСʵСܸҸոΪʲôǲܣ
СҡҡͷͷԼβͣ˲ӿۿءβͣСβˣˣء
Ϫȫû뵽ΪԭСίĿæ۵ذοǲǣСÿСˡ
𣿡С˫ۿỨۿת
ʵϪѾȫ˵±СӵʵʱԷཱུľС˫ۺίؿԼֻһ
ġϪͷ϶ԶÿСˡ
Сһ˿ߣȻ˲һ˲ƳԼβʱۿʱֺҵβˣںڵģÿˡ
ԼòģԼβܺÿӦĲŶԡ
ϪǰδԷԭΣôֻһۡβϸŵľǺɫƬ˵˵
ͼԷͣˣ㿴Ǻɫģûࣿ
Сˣʵ
ԭˣΪԼβͱô
Ƭ̣漴һĿ
ۡСޡۡ
ϪҲˣ˵ĻʲôΪʲôԷֿˣ
æҵذο԰ˣ㲻СޣСƯСˡ
ҵβͺںڵģÿСҭŵ
СӶͲϲɫǰѩʱԷй͵͵ëȾɫľϪ̸ģ˺ܳһʱѩԼĲͬ
С˵ͬˣβ˵ǼΪҪһ֣ÿ˶ӵһѤ޵βΪ
ɫβͣмûʲô
Ϫ䲻ȫ̬йһεĴ޾µĴʽҲΪ졣
˼Ƭ̺СģʵɫһֺɫɫʵܷḻһҲѿ
С̧ͷϪƺڵ˵ÿ
С˫ڴ۾Ϫòʾ֭ɫһɫɺܶɫɵġ㿴ƬƬɫĺڣһƬɫĺڣһƬǺɫĺڡôƬÿһƬǲͬģǲ⣬Ưβˡ
Сգգ۾ͷԼβϵƬо˰ΣŽɵƬɫĺڣƬɫĺڣƬǺɫĺڣƬɫĺ𣿡
Ϫصͷǡ
С˵βҲǰǰִ
˰ΣȷһҵβĲ𣿡
󡣡Ϫ΢ЦҼƯβͣҺϲ
Ĵ˵һ˸һ˵ϲβǾԷ˼
С͵͵۱ˣ΢졣
ȻԷˣñ˻Ҫÿ˵ҪԼβͺÿԣԸԷ
ңҲϲ㡣С˵ץϪ·ͷǰ
ȻЩӦϪȫСϾڵǸʵʵӣһӣ˾˭˼
ҲϲСϪͷ
С˵ͷֻϪ̲ס˼¡ԷƺҲΪԴ䡣
ϪѾδӶԷϸܹϧǱС˵ĵ¡
ﰵʧƬ̺Ϫһ߰СӰͷ˳һ߸СϾҪȥˣڳȥ֮ǰȰβ𣿡
һʶʱͱѡ
СӲŵصɴ˫ۣˮĵؿߵΪʲôҪ˵ҵβͺÿ˵ϲģƭӣء
С˵͸ˮһ㣬СĴһ¾ġ
ޱޡϪæ͵ûƭ㣬ϲβ͡
СӲ㲻ϲ㶼ҲҪϲˡ
ûƭСβΪϾҪ뿪ȥܻܶˡСβôƯһкܶϲǰСߣҲСߣԲŽСβġ
һ䣬Ϫɳ̾һ庢Ǹ
СĻ¶˼ı飬ϪСҪϪһ𡣡
Ϫ˸ıĻСʱȰβ𣿡
ðɡС鲻ԸشӦˡ
۾ͨмʦͨѧữεķϧѧˣ˰죬ԲСβȴȫûб仯
СۣСյСղ
ϪԴҲ˽⣬ֻ欣յõһͬĴ𰸣Գˣβ̫࣬ʱֻˡ
ǲųȥĻؾ꣬ȻʲôⶼûˡϪ뵽滹ڵѩ𽥻ԾС磬ǵȲôʱ䡣
˼һֻ÷סСβͣŶԷؾ
----
ĵطھϡ
ϪվڵС羹Ȳ˳ƮڿܵԭŹֵһˣʱڴΪһͨܿеһ˲ֱʱģ
֮ǰؾ欲Ϣķθõؿƻ֣µǳЧ
ѻڣҪʣؾڣҲҪٵ⣬ϪҲûƶԷΪ
ǳĵطھΧҪ߳ȥҪһʱ䣬Ϫɴ౧Сһ߸·һָС˳
ǽҪ߳ʱСҲԱӣϪڿʼ
Զ𣿡Сֵ
ˡϪҪȥˣܻῴһ㣬Ҫ£˺ǵģ𣿡
áСɵͷϲ㡣
ϪЦЦãǾͳȥˡ


41 ﺣ
Ӵ, ȻˣΪҲǸһأ
һȥ, Ϫû˶Է
ֹϪڻľҲ䳰þֱ˳СӣΪ˾Ϳ˵ﻵˣȥΪһҲû
һֻдһһɺˮͻȻ, ˮĻʱһĽ˶òӢˡ
ϣϴû𾪡
ˣûȫ Ƴһ, ĵ, ˵תͷϪ, , ͻˡ
ֻϵƤһϴҴˡ
欻ܲ˽, ϵÿ죬ˮҲ죬Ҳû
ϪСӺͻȻֵ, Ϫ㣬ûд㡣СϲϲСӡ
ϪĬȻ, ƳһۣתĿ⣬εؿС͵󣬲СӣԺô֪𣿡
С¶ɻ󣬲ǹԹԵͷ֪ˡ
Ϫ״ָָ欵У欣ס
ףСգգۣؿкøеƯ㣬ֵ˼ϲغһס
ѾϰụȻôһŴŴСӡԷԹԵؽסûоϲ˶ѵ¶ˣҲƵľ֮С
ķӦ˵Сģ΢Ƭ̶ʱֵͷײϲңСβˡ
óС˶Լβĺܿأʲôʱ뵽ȥ
һ˳ϪĲʽ֮У̵ĸһ
Ϫ̾欵Ĳֶ˽һ֣֪ˣԸ˵һ䡣»ѳڣֻþûûУûвϲСֻЩߣԲŲҺСġ
𣿡С̧ͷȷʡ
ġϪͷ
Ϫֱ̫֮Сۿĵһ˾κλ㼴ҲȲ
˵Сϵ𡣶ֱϪĲӣԼСղ˲Ϫգ·ֻܰһ㡣
Ϫ§סı˵˼䰲Ļŷֳ
˵欵˼ҪԷߣϪվǸС޷ǰֱ׳Щԥǰ֪ǰպкδ㣿
¶Цԣ㣬ǸһҪǺ󡭡
Ϫ㣬𣿡СȻʵЩգײ˵Ҫ𣿡
ʹʧȥ䣬ʦ֪ͨôԼ
ע⵽ϪбŵСޡȻӱˣϵϢûб䣬һ¾ϳʱǸѾͷ
棬˵ȴһ˵Сӣ΢΢ȣϪʣô⸱ģˣ
⡣Ϫ򵥻һ䣬˵ֵͷСӽͣǰԼҪǲǿߡ
СƶǶصͷתͷʣԼҪ𣿡
ŶһСޣ׵ӰغϣиոͻȻͻȻʧˡ
ͷ죬ֻһǿ°ͣҡûС
Сõ𰸣˵ظϪ棺Ϫ㣬ûԼ¡
ϪͷȷϵǰҪͬһ𣿡
ߡӲƬˣ͸ȥһ档
ϪһȻ˵ǿ󣬵ʵϣԷŵġ
ʱС˵ĲǼٻѪߵȵܻӭ֪ץԼ
˻ã߳صһΪǿĴСȴһụ̂ԪӤڵΪԾɵЩ
Լ͸˵Ϊڻ
·ϣһһΣաڣȫϵҲһ֡
Ҳǿǵһſ
˵ãϪҲٵ飬Ѹһһ˸ϻޡ
-
ޱ߽磬ﺣǡ
ϪʱߵüֻüѩиʦܣͬԷԼﺣǼ档
ʱ㷢˴ȻһֱǽﺣǣǼѩȻûһлϪﲻЩǡ
һԣҪô̫ԶǽؾûյĴҪôΣա
ǰߵĻѩҪ㲻ܣԲ
Ǻߣǡ
ǵȥ֪һˡ
֪һ鱨֯鲼޵ÿһؽ磬ڡ
˵κϢ֮ǰۭεϢҲѩͨ֯鵽ġ
ﺣޱ߽ϴһУ֪ķֲ
֪ﺣǳǵĵؽ磬ֻһֲȴҲüΪɣռؼ㡣
ȻעĿĲһԽܣֱ߿յĴ
ǧ˿ǴݺʹϢ֪ÿһֲһ꣬ЩֻǷ꣬ͨЩ꣬㷺ֲڸķָܼʱͨϢ鱨
Щ䱾ƣҵ壬˱ǿҲáϧıȴֻ֪֪
˸߽֪󣬱һɫµŮӳӴ
軶ӭλ˹֪󡣡
Ů΢ЦһɨųϪһСŮܿȷµˡ
˵ƳŵץסϪСŮֲһ䣬ԴλСˣһλҪһȡ
Ϫ֪֪Ĺأתͷȣ鷳ǰԵƬ̡
νİڰ֣Ѱ˸λ£Ůϲˮġ
ϪȻԵõģСһͬ䡣
֪ʲôϢ
ϪֱԵһԪ֮ͽԼԱߵһֻ䡣
ŮӵͷɫϢǧƷʯ
ϪȡʯԷʯԺ󡣡
˵תԺ
СһߣץϪֱۺ
׼ȷ˵ǶǲƼԶʱˣֻϪҪ죬ûпڣֻˣ˵
ϪžʱȫûԷιʳ⡣
ŻԲСӣ˵ԷһСӣҲóԷǡ
Ϫ֪æӴ﷭һЩεȳǳȥٸʳ𣿡
á
СҲСڵؿš
ûһ»ص䣬ﻹֻһż㡣
ֽŵݸϪ뿴
Ϫӹż֮ϣܿ죬͸ֳ֪Ϣ
ԭ뿪ѩżǵ´׵ﺣס¡
ֻڳԼһ£ﺣǸһСؾѩȥ֡
ԭֻһСؾ¾ͽ˭֪ѩҲ֪ʲô⵽ܼҵ׷ɱ
ֹ˼գлҲһ˰׷˵䡣
˲֪ΪΣ֪Ϣ֪ͨԵɣһϢ֮ڡ
˵»Ϫйءں͵͵ˣлҺ鵽˼ϣ͵͵ץסԴвϪ
֮׷ɱѩʧɢ
ѩã̻ĴС񵽣ʱ˼Ҽ
λ˵Ľȥ˱
ֵһǣǳ󣬼λŵļѷֵ𣬵Ƕһλ޸ߡ
޹Ϣֽϲ׸Ϫ죬Ҳû̽ɨ󼸾Ϣֽ֮ȼΪҽ
л
֪Ϣȷʵﳬֵ֪䣬ǰˡ
һЦƽףȡ裬
֪ʱ㰲ȫѩ԰ǱʱܲѩΪ˵취ﺣڣϢԼǲ㣬ȵȵȿ
㣬֪ϪûֱţȴС˸ջס£˳ַһѩ


42 ﺣ
̻׼ҽ䱸ɭ, ǽգ˼޷׼ҷԲ벽Ϊ, Ϫֻͼ֮Сбųĳڳһ߳Ժһߵš
գϪȻյѩһڶͰ׼ҴСһȥӣԼʱӼ档
գϪһӶλáҪŮ˿λã׼ҵһԿ
Ů˵껰ϪתͷƼСԼСϵĳ붢
ڴϪ⼸ʱ, ǵ˼εЦЦֻֻͷŮеʳһݡ
СʳСʰˣֻȴ޵׶Ƶ, ٶණܳ, ϪҲ˷ѡ
ѩֻ˵ջ, ȴû˵ʱ, Ϫֻܱ߳Աߵȡ
쵽ʱϪڰСʱֳһʶƼ׼ҵˡ
һ, ĸԪӤʿǰΧһڵŮ޽ӣŮһˮɫȹ, бһֻͨѩ׵ӡ
Ϫ˵ĵһֱۣҪҵˡѩƺҲ֪Ĵ, ̧Ϫײϡ
һһһӣϪиȷŮ޻бŵİѩֻѩģʵ⡣ûӾֱȾë
ϪԾȣϵĶͶιСע⵽ķ̧ͷɻؿϪ㣬㡣
ŶáϪСӣ޺õŽС
Сʴӱ״ͷʵϪ㣬ý𣿡
֮ǰϪѾ˵ѩ£δһëɫýøС
ˡϪͷȻܼ
ҮС¶Цݣжһ˿ڴϵʳСһЩ
Ϫ㣬ҲΪοصˣȻҲϣܺദ
֮û̫ãϪڰű˴һ죬ʱֻವһ³˽ֱڽϪС
ϪϪڻˣҺ㡭
һԶСգգۣ漴¶һ𾪵ı飬һţý㲻ǺëëϪƭңء
棿ѩתͷԷǣĴһС޻ԣôǸŮôĺӡǾȻıӶˣ
ѩԼܵ𺳲ȶԷ١
СֻԼǻڴ˲䶼գϪĶʱӱ
Ȼ޵ͬʱûֱֻ۶׼ϪϪ㣬ء
Ϫ֪ǰһ̻ңһ̱ôҵĳ档
ѩʵСĵĿϪһԥȰСҪæѩ£޿С
Сޣ˵Ϫûƭ㣬ýΪȾëԭǺɫá
СԸԳռϪĻԼĻɻ̧ͷȾë
ԣȾëϪ͵ýȾëëűɰɫġ
С˼ĵͷһҲȾëСҪɫβ͡
Ϫû˵ѩȿڵ԰ʱûɫȾëпոСһȽ㣬һ㣬ԺҪʲôɫȾë㶼Բˡ
пϪŮСӣѩ̬ȸѺá
Сý㡣
һͷԵͳ˲ҲȤ뿴
󣺡ɫ𣿺ɫϲٺ١
̣Ҫɫý㡣
ѩע䵽ϪߵСˣ˵ע⵽ڻڡһСǲģһڵĴ˵ȼѹŴԾش
ǰУеģ֪ûã
Ϫ״æǰɷ鷳һѹѩûж⡣
ϰˡһЦһϵơ
ѩѹһæȡƿȾëͳ̣һʾѩģ
ҲͰˣϾʱûҲϪ˵ֹһΣԼиáСԼͷоҩ󣬿𾪡
ѩΣ˵ʵһȺû͵ʱ䡣㰲Ҳ˵
ֻ⣬ʧȥ䣬ʱֻάģϪָָСָָ̺󣬡ǳ̣ʱ˵ˡǰԺʱһߡ
ϪȰѼֻݽѩ¡
֮ǰʦܷ£ܼΪ׷ɱǣΪλ⸱ģ˰׼ҴСҵĳ֪ϢЩƬԵɻʵ˲֪
ѩʱǺԼﺣǵͺʦһﺣǡ֮ʦؾѰ˼ԼҲԸһȥҵö͸һȥˡ
ԭͦõģ˲ݣҵһʰ׺Ͻ˰˸ӡҺʦܴͻĽưѹժˡӲ˭ժ˾˭Щû£ժӣҲҪ˵͵˹ӣҪǽ
ˣһŹӣ㡣ѩ˵ŴԼĴ³ʵĹӵݸϪ
ţ˼ԼٳһšһͰ˿Źӣãһһ룬˵ķˡ
ϪҲ֪ÿǸ˵̰ĺãҡͷܾøңԼűǡ
Ķô˼á
СȴǲЩŹʵİ׹ֱۣ۾ֻ֪Źתÿ
ѩһۣѾ֪ŮӰСŮĵС˲٣һţ԰ɣζͦõġ
ллý㡣Сòл
ԱСҲŴŴ˵ллý㡣
ûأлȵˣѩֻεСǰһţ㡣
һͳȥѩֻһţ뵽Ա߻һֻڣɷѣǰ
ˣڲųԵСҲŲԡб۹м
ѩΪ棺ǰͨ͸󷽣ʵҵСĽ
󣺡
Ϫ˵ȥæϵˣ˵ǼŹӣܼҲô׷ɱǲǡ
ѩϵЦŹȷʵڣʱҺʦΪԱ͸Щ˴ˡȻʱһСɱˣһʲôܼҵһүؾЩ˾Ϳʼ׷ɱǿ
Ϫͷ˵ͨˡ
ѩŵٺʦܵС;вСˣʦΪ׷ɱȥΪҪϪϪûһߡպֿڽ裬֮ǰ˵ǼͦģҾͼװһֻñȥˡ
˵ʵͦõģԵҲ࣬ҲáҪҸϪϪжڣҲ뿪
ѩոп꣬һϤ𣿡
ϪνӲӣƷŽŵŮޡ
ŮòʳᡣʹԼܣƭã಻˿ŭȻؿϪЦʵ׼Ұ𣬲֪һ𣿡
Ϫͷ
ڴڲֹѩλ׼СҲĴڡҲöԷʾл
űĬӣϪ¡
ǰСѩȻ棬Ϊ˼ѡ
Ϫͷǰͬ·ֿԼﺣǼ棬;⡣ͷ׵ʱչϪмһ㱡񣬻ѱ
˳ëգŵСѩܿɰΪҴ֡
ѩûûΣ˵Ƥ
Էû׷˼ʱһ˲֧ãҹȻû㡣ģȻҰϪϪλҲġ㿴һΪһŹӡ
˵ֺõؽʣµһʰ׺ݸ
ʰ׺м󣬵԰ĲҲиΪǶԷ⣬ԼϪ˭õ⡣
˿̼ѩǵЦ֣ëûоܾԣǰ̴һܲȥø㡣
ѩԸʣ뵽Լ⼸յı֣ʱ飬ֻɵصͷá
ӡ
Ϫü΢΢бһۣ׵ѣѩͬˣЩʱ鷳չ¶лֻҲվҪ뿪ﺣǣѩԵһ뿪Ҫ⡣
ԲʣŵѿҪȥѰǣ
Ϫѩһۣͷȷʵд˴㡣
Ǳˣд˴㣬ѱ󣬲վҪ̡ŵ㣬ҽͬУ

Ϫ˵ֵĪҪžܾһԡﺣһ겻ˣǰЩʱȻߡԼȣҪȰһˡ⣬ǰ˵ллƺձҪﺣǡ
лңϪ뵽ʱںˡ
˵ڣﺣǱϾлҵĴӪƵϱȻԿӦ̻л̻ĹϵҲʧһ취
˼ʱǡʶյ欵ĴӦ
Ϫв⣬Ҳ֪˵ĵֻ²ϸʣֻ֮ܵ˵
ǺϪӦˣлѡ
֪ͬˣ¶΢Ц
֪Ҫʲô


43 ﺣ
֪, ѩѱ¶ᵽл, ֤һ㡣¶Է룬ϪɲֻΪһֻĻġ
ֱ׵ʻԸҲһ˽⣬ҲĨǣֱԵҪǡ
Ϫһʱˡ
˱ԭڶеһɸʿףƜ[ǵһλҩ
ＫѰһֻбʿʿܲ׽ҲֻһЩѩҲŻһЩ۵һ㶼ֻƷ, Ʒ󣬼ƷǼδֹ
԰׼ҵʵֻһƷʵǶ򵽣ǰҪƷƷƷʡ
һԷ־ǿѩ޵, ǲ׽ǵһѡ
֪ԵɺϪûԾ, תѩԸ⣿
ѩʴӱ, ȻҲ˼, ʱһɱˣ˵ĸоϸϾöԷЩӶԷҲδԼҲҪȥѰǽףҲ˳æ¡
ĬĬ˼һ, ѩڵͷҪҪ١ٽܲ
Ϊ˵ʱҲ, ѩҪʱһһڴӦ£áܺͺá
ѩѾӦ, ϪȻûоܾɣżֻ˰׼ҡ
æǰһСԺ뿪ˡ
ѩǸϪ԰չﻹЩܣǽƭʹԼʧһԪںʮֻ꣬ƭˣûб˸ƭģʵѿ
Ϫ˵Ƶԭɻһ䣺ҼǵðǰһٿʯӵһλʦһŷϵҴȥʯҪ˻
ѩ
ǣҪʯԷһƿҩ
Ȼϲˣǰĺʷɡ
ѩԹصһۣϪϪ
ǰ
ã֪ˡѩ߷ߵشԼܽĢȥˡ
ý㡭Сغһ
ϪԣͷһֻСһֲôӸտʼ͸ⰲ
ֳԳˣѩһεʣһСӣȻԲĹĵġ
ͳ˲㣬ֿһŰ׺ٻɲܡСһҲǲʡģԼ°Ҳ˵Լš
ʱϪʣСšһ
ѩֳ̾һСһ߰赼һߵ´˼ǵø˵Уٶԡ
šСɵĵͷоһЩֵѩý㡭
û¡ϪһƳȻŻǽǵˣ֪ʱָͳ̴յһ˿һСӣ棿
Сصͷţȥ
Ϫ뵽Լ欣˷ģǾȥɡ
СϪŽг欣ĸɡ
һȵ٩ӴĲ
ϪƳһۣ̲ǰҲԣ
СС欻ŲԸС£Ҳȫ⡣
æʲôҳ
ϪǰʱΪδҡ
գգۣ޹û˵ҿ⸱ҪͻˣӦڵǿŻֿʼǰЩյĶ˵ԪӤֽһպ˵ʲôǵģ𱱾ƺиﾧÿԪӤĸ
ԭˣлǰΪҿǡϪмֻǺﾧֻ˵ȴû
ʲô˵Ŷ˶٣Բѵģڣû⡣
Ϫ֪ʶ㣬Ϊ취Ѱڵǣת˵СǰΪβϼ
欱ܹȥպ׷ʣֻεʲô˸պٿ
Ϫ¶ͬɫ֪ĸǲģǣҲ˵Ȼѹպָָ֪֮θ룿ңҼȴӦʳԡ
Ϫָ΢΢һ٣ָֻһɱ飺ˣȲȽ˵
ִǰĻԹϪԷ⡣
ĸϪҼǵ֮ǰ˵ֻҪȫںɻָԭҹ۲ؾڣڴЩδ仯
ŶԷʵĻЦϵҲɵôüۡ
һͱˣһ޿ˡ
˼Σ̾һ֮мΣˣйɡ
Ϫ
㲻˵ûŪġ㻹Ū˷ӡã
ȻǺõģʲôҲ˵Ϫȫġ
欼״ҧ˵һ䣺ģҲẦ
áϪЭ
ʱƳһۣ㱼侹欵ӰԵøأƺ¶ʲôһ㡣
ϻ欸µӡʵڲãСûóȻڣֻ΢΢§ϪĲӡ
Ϫˣοģġ
ԣҲ㡣ϵطһ䣬СƵĶС֣һ㡣
Сҡҡͷ˲ϪգģϪ㡣
СӱǵķʽǲϪలػز£ǰվ欵ǰ
¡ѵ˵һĻ
˴ԼǲӣЦһЦԵ׺ЩЩĹ֮С
Сһ̽Դʱ˻ȥ
ϪԸؿ欣ĸǱЦˡ
欵һۣ˷ȥ˺üء
꿴Сչ黹ЦݣʳָСĶͷ
Ϫֻ欵ָһĨ׹⣬Сʱ˹ȥ
С
ֻ˯һץʱ˵ڵķӡѽ⣬պָ
⣬һ˯һʱ䣬ʱЩӤʮܵǱӦиؾʱһ
ܵϪɻ漴Ӧƣ
˵λܳλñڶܵ
ɡģ
ⶫϾʧѾã˭ҲȫȷϪҲһ㣬û׷ʣܹһģϢҲáٲ֮ѰЩȥ֪һԡ
欽꣬ľСϪŽһضԷȻлظӦѾ˯ˡ
ǰϪֻǾ뾹㣬ЩԼͱˡ
԰һСգԷŴתѡ
Լ˯ˣСϪʱ鲻Щ㶣Ϫ㡣
ôˣϪǰļ鷢ʵ
ҿˡСͷ˵
Ϫѭѭգţ˵ʲôˣ
Сüë壺ŴЦҪҡǺûң˵˺ö໰ҪҰϪ㣬ҸôϪѽ
ⶼЩʲô
Ϫʹһ٣˵ģ㲻
ŶСͷϪҲ֪ȥýˡ
׺˵ҪϪ㣬˰Ϫ


44 ϶
Ϫڰ׼ס, ŰԸû, ϪҲڡ
С˯ȥڶգһֱղȥβȴͻȻһ˫ȡ
Ϫһ˵˰βԵɡ
ͬһһҲҪڲܱ任˫ȡ
Сԭ̬֮һ꣬ѪԪӤΪҲܻΣʱܱ任ԭȫ
欽ڷӡͬʱ̻ȷʽ, ʶذȷ·ɺ֪˻εķ
鷢̫ͻȻСԼҲһΪԼβͲˣûסĿ˳
ϪֻЦ, Ҳͦ, ٲٵݱ¶
С䰮, Ҳú, ϪԺһᣬҲʵʼ·ĸо
Сؾ, ʱ䶼Ϫڻ˵ȣβʱҲǼٵ, Ըϰʱⲻˤӡ
ÿϪзÿÿǰʱס, Ŷžһޡ
ʱϪС洿ģˤ֮سʱ̲סδʧ֮ǰ
ԱȣʧСŴܲһίʧǰῴģȴǾǿʲô¶һ˳еֻкٵʱ򣬲Ż̻¶ôһѹ
ϪһֱǵںпģеҲʹ
룬ԷԸֻᲢûõֻܶԼǿ
һ룬Ϫ̲סһЩ
ˣСʱǹˣϪάѩʵðŴĥĥ
æͿ˫ĿŶϪСһëֱƺˡ
ϪСϾΡ
ղԣæǰΧôǣô۾أ
ѩˣصϪһۣһתϡ
𻰣ֻðĿתϪ
СӳܣͺˡϪεЦЦʵ׵ѽչ£
ҲͲ׷ʣתص߰׵ѣ鴬ճŵѿɻû£
Ϫҡͷǻ׼ʱͷ׵صعһˡ
һùСѩһ˵һ˳˳ѩϵİë
ʱһжԷΪһˮ󻬵Ƥë
ߣëַѩôһΪ˱ϪȰϪ˵껰ŶԷˡ
Сۿ΢죬εýǲˣҲǹġ
ϪƳ²ؼʹС˯ĳ̣̾˿ֻ֣Ҳͷۡ
ۼСӵֱϪæᣬýֻˣһһҩҺ㽻ԭˡ
СſǻãҺϪҩҺý㲻
С֮٣Ϫ⻨ʱһҩ׼ڶѩ
ҵǰʱҲѧһЩ֪ʶÿÿɵһը¯ҩҺȴ⡣
Ψһϧǣ⼸Թһը¯ֻܷҵ뷨
-
գϪ˸Ű鴬
ǴʱϪ֪θ׼һȥʿ٣һЩҵĵ⣬һЩʿԼ˱޵ʿ
ҲڱصãȻܾôϣһϡ˵ǲǱˡ
˵ʲô⣬ѩһأ֮СǸܿصϪߡ
СƢ粻ϪҲֻȥ
ﺣǵķҲҪµʱ䡣ȴﺣǵζ֣ٴԽζִֵﱱ
ζһǵب뱱֮䣬гŨĶеˣѻ˿ݹǡ
ǵ֮ǰ޺ͱͨһͨռ϶޵ıʿϵӣǧ귽̽һɹͨеĺˣҪԽζ֣۵ҪҲߣһЩ⣬кɵ֮١
Ϫܴϰ׼ҵ˳紬Ҳּڡ
Ψһ˿յǣ˶ӣϪǰ𵥶ˣ˲ǶЩע
ϪϲʣֻѩҲǶ磬ڴϴʱ򶼴ڷ
㰲ȵĸ£ҪζʱȻʲô˵ǰ졣
УΪߣϪǲỳĻ
ƺû̫󶯾ȥҰ𡣡
ǰ׼ҵģʲôȻ֪
ķϪǲԶϪճŲþͿ˼ҴϵİҲǸ֪
ϪԸȥ˼װ壬һ棬˽ͣһ΢ĳ
ŨĶ⣬ζֻһ֮ɫĶ档
ζеĶ治ֹԴһֱһƬм̴ܲʱµı⣬ȴ룬ϪǾɵˡ
ǰоΣϪʡ
üɫصΣա
ϪеǸתͷ˿𣬶Էɫüͷ塣
һСѩҲʶغһϪ\ϪϪ
С̫٣СЩ¡
ѩҪһЩ򶨵ʣϪϪô죿
ѩɫԶο˴Ѿӽζֱ߽磬Ҳ˲ҩۣӦֵܵһ㹻߳֡
ϪŰ׼ѵصģĻмţֻǻȫģϣˡ
Ἰ˵ţǱ߶ҲԽԽϵķƹܷʿҲٿŷһ߷ȥ֮ǰ֣мʿվڴβͣҩۡ
ҩȥ֮ȷʵסһֶ档ȴϵ˸ˣźӿĶ棬ǵһƬһž޴ĺơ
ֻڳںϵһ𣬾˶У޹ġ
Σ
ϵˣԪӤϵĻãԪӤµĿڶΪ֮һΪٵЩһЩʿһѪ
ֻһ϶֮ʵˡ
״æѹ֮£ϱԽأⶾ治ԡ
ϪͰҲע⵽㣬ŵź٣ԽٶҲڼӿ졣
ͬʱѩЩزͣţ﷢Ĺ
ϪǳӣһʱûעСȷֲԣһý㡣
Ϫעһ±ͷ˿״̬ԲԵѩѩ
ൣĵСѩôˣ
Ȼѩûһ㣬ֻһײϪȡ
״ֳһסʱֹΪ
ѩϪżҲ֪ңֻܾԼ򶨣һ侲˼ԭ
ѩӿȥǱʲôӰ쵽ԱֵøⱩꡣ
ϪƳһȦֳѩ⣬һ״̬
Ƿŵĳǡ


45 
, ԡ
Ϫһ٣ǻԼᵽһص, ζܶأϪһϤĸо

ζرҵôǰŹһأϳ
һ弶ֲֲ㣬ʱޣʹʧȥ־ĹЧ޷۵Ҫ
һ˵ζ⣬Ƴ޷Ҳɢ, ϵζȴǳص֮ڸס
Ϫһ˵ҲӦϾɲ
ζУ˹ָʹ, ˭ôĵӰó
ܰʲô뷨, Ϫȴֱβ, ѭǹǳζ, ڴҵһķĩ֮⣬ϪִһҲζ
ǵӷżϪĨڴҩʱоЩţ˿ּԼ߹, ʱ񣬾һְʣµҩһȫ˳ȥŰȾҪܡ
Χ׼ҵӼƲ, æһӵϽץס
ֻץסˣȴֹ
̼, ĺһǰȻ˴βţԱž޴ĺڡ
ֻ̬ĳſڴķϣҺ壬Һƺиʴԣ䵽͸ķϣ̵
ϵһʱֻ֮С
Ҷʱλ׼ҵĳϳ֣һϵĳһ߳ǵңǰ˷ɢ档
׼ұϾһ壬سĵﾫӢϵܿʱĻҹȥܿʼ档
Ϫڵһʱ㿪ʼжСҲ֪ź¹ԹԵذæѩ
ʱϷ֧ţϪýǿҲһءϽȱڣһЩΪ͵ʿľûأٵѹԽԽ
ԱߣһʿʱĶƶӿ˽ۼҪճʿϣϪУһӳһ
֮ӳ֣ӿЩ˲仯Ϊҽ
ʿæмлѡ
Ϫ΢΢ͷɨһ۴ϵˡҹȥ϶¶ƣ̬ĳɲ١
ȥƱ֧ŲסԲأһ߼ûգһŲʵжã
Կ˿ֱһģʿյʾæصգգǱܳȥ
á
Ϫͷֻǰգܼ֡
õ𰸺Ϫٶԣɱ𶾳档ͬʱƳƳǱߣΪɱļ϶Сѩ׵
ǰչȥȷλʿԣǰȻһ⡣
Ҫȥˡ
һʱ䣬ͬʱһϣ
ζֵĶѲҲֻڶڣֻҪ˶֣Щӱ㲻׷
Ϫһ˿ϲãȻߴһС㡣
𡣡Ϫͫ΢ţԷǱƳ˴⡣
Ҫ֪ĶδɢȥʱȥȻҪһʬ޴³
Ϫ˼Ѹٷɳ齣סˡ
һҲע⵽ߣæֳһ䵽ϰ˻סһѹǰǸ˵ʿϡ
˻ǰĻǰһ·뵽ʱͻȻѱ䡣
Ϫ󣬰ȴž֮ɫ˽ԸȣָܿĿһһɨ漸˵䵽ſŵϣĬƬ̺ĵӳȥ
ϵһʱ񣬿дģС㣬Ҵˣ
ӳȥϣ
⼸һۣԥӳ˴⡣
һ溣Էֻüһ̴ٵļУ޶
ͽ󣬰Ҳذ׼ǱߣǸϪ
ոնлϪλǰֻѾ溣
Ϫ֮͡һδлǰѩ֮ձ㵱𡣡
ЦЦɫԾЩ԰ףҲռˡ
һĹ򣬷ɴʻζ֣׷һ·ĶȻû׷ֻаڷɴϵЩ滹ڣʣµЩȻΪ塣
ô˻ᣬϪҲڿһЩ͸ˣǵİ׼ǵϼһŲסֶ붯˿̬һɣ֣ѩСϪߡ
ʱ˰ʣµҩȫ˳ѩӰ˫ĿȻת죬زסĥ
ģֳ︡һĨ֮ɫٿ˿ʱļˣһ
սϪߣʵŵѿǴ뿪
Ϫ΢΢죬ȷʵде뷨һϲܣʵͬУǰӦʵΡ
ԭûô죬ֻⳡʵͻȻԷɴͷȷд뷨ģӦҲ
ܴһ𣿡
ϪܾǸ¡
󣺡ҲˣǸոһֻѶ֪ŵƣСѩٰһء
Ϫԥ⡭
Ϸ벹ѴӦºл
ʲôл
㶣صƷʯ
Ʒʯ
ϪɳܵĶˣ΢һ˲漴ˬӦá
ƺĲ̫һΪλһֶԷΪʯŴӦĴ
ⲻӦԷողž롣ӦˣԷֿѩķϲŴӦ
ܹΣܹǺõġ
Ϫ˵ú󣬰й۲ʱòʱܸͬеĳϴ䣬һ߶Ϫߡ
Ļ£Юż˿ٶߡ
ǵͬΪ£Ҫǿ֡׼λʱΪԸ˲ʱ㿴뿪Ҳ׷٣ֻȥ
-
ͬ޵ļ紺ǳڱ֮У֮жһɿຮ֮
ϪʻȣסѩɽΡСΪߣǲ壬ΨһӦֻаһˣ󲻵Ѵ֮ǰ׼
ѩѩã㺮ֻӲſĺǿָһʶ
޷۴ĺ֢ԾɴڣأϪϪܡ
ѵһؽʱϪֻۣڻһ߰οһҳϵ¡
СҲѩϪֻԷҲûѹŬͷοý㣬ԹԵģҩͺˡ
ѩֻشţںһЩ󣬺Ȼ뵽һֻڡ
̡
ѩһѣϪҲʱ湻ˣͻԼݡΣʱǡò棬ֻǲ֪ǷҲܵӰ졣
С鿴һ³̵״ݵƷʼãԷһ¶ûУں˯øⰲȡ
Է̹ѩòЩȡ
ĽǰСƣʡ¾һսٶԱһǵСߣԭΪ
СҲҽȥɡһϣոִһ·Ľ
СԾСߵļ
û£Ҳͬ⡣
С֪ô죬ֻÿϪϪͷ۵ؿΪεǰֻԼʹá
ˡ㬸Ŀڡ
ҲȷʵԸٶһɴҲѧ̻ССһֻѡѡȥСͷϡ
Ϫ״Ҳ˵תԱ߱İ΢ʯ
ǵǰĽס
΢΢ɻǲ⡣
Ϫòظһ飺Ҵʯ
ذǳ׵׵ضˣڸծ
ʱǸǴʵŶԡ
˲òࡣ
ʱѩѩɰ˶Ҳͨ͸һˡͬ£û˿ס
˭뵽Ϳۡ
鸴ӵóƷʯԷϧһΪ
ˡϪֻ򡣡
𡣡εʣµĵȻصٸ㡣
ѩ䲻֪£ҪǷˣϪϪܳԿǿҪϢ
ϪԾúܶԣͷ͵ԣϢ
С¶ؿһۣվϪߣϢ
𣺡á
˵ʲôһˣһš
ɣɰ䣿
ǣһȺ˶
Ϫɲ룬˿϶ش󣬱㱧СѩСԶĳȥ
״æϣ˽һЩʯС
شҪҵڸĴĹѩ졣ӱ߽絽˵ص·̲̣һ˶ǳ˭Ҳʶ·ʱ׼ҵķۣܵѰȥ


46 
һ, ſһʮҵкʱΧǰҪ˴·ֻҪʮƷʯͺá
Ա߼ʿҲΧ
ǰɱƭ, һëС֪ʲôҹۼλǰŲƱˣӦǲŴҴҲֹǶ⺮Ԩǵָƣ˵š
˰ɣλǰĪҪշ󣬾һϹʮʯңļۡ
ǰ, ֻҪʮ˿顣

һЩĳſڶרְӴʿϪ⣬ֻͰһ仰û˵⼸˵Ⱦ
Ǽ˵ûȣ˵Ǹк, ¶ʧ֮ɫ, ƺѾϣ
Ϫ˿ֲݵļ, ֿ˿һ, 䶳ͨССС;ͳ֣
Ǻʱŷϲ֮ɫ, СԵʣױΣȿ, Ҳܱ⣬ֻżһƻʯʿԸӶ
Ϫ, æǰֻҪʮſƷʯɡ
༸˼״ֹͣԼǾǸؿ˼ۣ˻صԼԭȵλϡ
к״һԼλǰС⺮ԨǵҶ֪ĿջļӼ۸ȫҶָơ
ã֪ˣʲôϪͷ
СأҽСء
СأȴȥҸջɡϪһ˵һϸۡ
ʱ⺢ϴʽͷҲ𣬹ñ֮ԷСĪ棬ʶذ˵к¿ŶԷգŷԼϴˣԭǸСŮ
Ϫ룬׶ԷΪ˱Լûв𴩡
Сػ֪ԼѾ˿Ը˵ãλǰ
·ϣϪ࣬һԵİѻ˹ȥСأҿƺ˺ܶˣ
λǰ֪ܲٹ¾ڣѩڵķѩҲͣһʱգǲ׽ǵĺʱڣԴҶ׼ǰѩ첶׽ء
ѩ׽ǻʱޣ
СΪϪбŵС˵ЦЦҲǣֻǹѩڳƮŷѩƽʱ¶ȼ͡Щͽʿ˵һҲֻ½ȥʱȴǲҽȥġ
˵Ŷ˶٣Դԥһ䣺СΪ΢λǰΪѩﲻͬطƽռǽʿҲǰҪȥѩĻǧǵڽǰ
ǲأСʡ
˭˵
Сһ£ĿСɨɨƺɻԼˡ
СȴΪûԼ˵ظһ飺ǳأҪô죿
ȷʵԷͶˣֻ÷ɻصҾҲˣǾã˵ǵ˺ڣʿ޷ĺ䡣
ϪǵһЩ֪ĳʶȷʵ˽⣬ֻùСعȻǸȷľ
ϪЩ׽ǵ£Сȷʵ֪Ĳ٣˵˲׽⻹ᵽһϢ
ǰɣٹ¥Ҫһ˵Ͻһݹѩڵĵͼͼϱעǿܳûĵص㡣
ͼϪȣټһ˱ߡ
ûСصͷ͵¥˵ݵͼǴ۹һġ۹ڹѩ죬ƽղ׽ǵһ붼۹Ҵ壬Ҿõͼ֮˵ȫţҲⲻ˱һ˿ҡ
ᣬغ棬غһٰ̻췽һ㲻ԼͷԵͼĿŶȱȻУֻǾҪż־Ͳǵˡ
Сôһ˵˵Ƕˡ
һ˵СҲһҿջ
ջڻʩ۸ҲУóԷȷʵģһҲûпƭǵ˼
˶ãһϪʮʯСأԼ˴չ˵Ͱ˴ˡ
οСߺ󣬰Ϫ
ϪС˵ջ£Ӵ˵صѩѩһ±ɵ֮⣬ǳէԱİڳգҲȥһơΣ
ãҲġԷɵԭôȰء
˵ţںȻͬʱҪȥ𣿡
СؿϪʣ𣿡
ѩ˫Ŀã֪ҵĳ־óЧȾëܲȥ
һֱʵ飬ݺʯ˴룬ȴһֱûв䡣
СıһһεģᶼǸʲôģ
һγªš
ϪȻ󣺡鱦ĵطֻ᲻ͬڽϵ̶Իȷۣǲþ۵ķʽ˭۸߶˭ġ
УǾȥԵͷƺԴ˺ܸȤ
˵꣬Ϫתͷѩտȥһʡ
ϪĶ࣬һ飺ҿĻǲУȥһʡ
ҲСѩҲִֻ֣Ҫȥͺá
һ߱СδЩˣͱί
Ϫ״æСȥ棬ǾˣҾȥòã
һֱڴϣΪ޲֣ϪŷҪڳգôȥһ档
СһۣǿӦðɡ
-
һ磬СԼϵջ
ԭϪһһ˭֪ʱҪȥ̣ѩҲҪȥҩҺͳ̺ѩȾëܲȥС档
һһ˷·ϪССһߣʣĸȥ˵ҩ̡
ƺϺ⻹˵һε仹ǶһСأСԾɿĵòС
ϲˣֻǴһĻϪⲻ˸ҪģѩһϵעȻˡ
˲ڣԷֻһˣСֱϲһֱѩ͵Ц
ѩЦÿģ㣬תͷԸСصҲ߰ɡ
ҪȥպᣬϪСشȥһ¥
ҪᣬóƱ
ƱַΪ֣һǴһǧƷʯһţһֻһ˽ȥһǰᣬƷʯһţһʮ˽롣ȡƱķʽǲֹһ֣ṩ˹صƷ¥ҲƱ
ǰЩƱ򡭡СЩΪѵ
Ϫ㵹ԤϣȻˣǱЩ
¥嵥ŵͼ⣬ֻһ㣬ϻʣһЩԼľһЩؾ͹ˡ
СѾŪ˼Ļ뵽ʲôͷ˷ԼϵĴóһУϪ㣬
˵ϪҪһСӵĶ˵ǵʱϺ֮δʧĵܼң͸նԷĶ
æܾģԼţС
Ϫ㡣СҡͷִлϪ

Ϫ⣬ӵؿŶԷʣ˭˵ģ
СΪԼ˵˻Դ΢΢Сý㣬˵Ϫòײſӵһʯһ»ˣҪҰ׽㸶Ǯ
ѹ֣˵ôǼǳһ£ҪŰܡ
һʱ䣬Ϫ֪ǸԼ۶Էͷ۵ĻǰСӡ
Ϫ㲻ʮǿϪԺܶʯ㣬ס𣿡
סˡСͷְЦСҲǮϪ㡣
ҲϪ˵һ룬һС΢΢ƲǣĿڵڲãСҺòã
󣿡
ԣ󡣡
С͸֮ɫ
ܶΣʱϪͷΪʲôһ㶼û
Ҫôأ
ϪüĬĬ̾˿ָƽĶͷˣС̫࣬˳ȻͺˡֻҪǵãϪһֱͺˡ
С̧ͷҳ𣿡
Ϫͷԣ㳤󡣡
С䲻ȫŵ˼ĳͷȴ˸
ȰסСϪСؽ¥
Ϫ˵жеĻƱ㽫һ¥ķ䣬һߡ
λʱʦ¥ļʦ˿ɽҪĶʱʦ
ʱʦԿˣʲô
Ϫ˼Ǿȡһһ߳ľݸԷ
̬ȱЩ⣬һƳ۾ʱֱˣǡľǧݣ
һʱ䣬߿Ϫ
˭뵽һˣ˳¥￴һۣѰõĶ
ľ̫óһݴЩߵ̬ȴЩ֣Ϫüʵⶫ
ܣȻܡи֮룬ϣֱܽҡȻ·ģҸļ۸Ȼĳļ۸񡣡
Ϫûͬ⣬ûԼĿģһҪƱ
¼򵥡ԸһߵĻƣһŹƱλ͡
ǡ
˵תͷڴؿϪ֪㣬¿ɻ⣿ܲܡ
Ʊ¼ȻѾϪҲûʲôԥˡü֮мԴ֮ҲΪ˭Էһ㻹ܽԵ
ͬá
лͨڡԸм˵ľǧݣ󣬼ֵԼڶƷʯңԼܵİƷʯ¸Ʒʯļ۸񣬸ΪΡ
˵ϪŴӰõƷʯ㶫ʵ㲻ʲô߸ļ۸ܹ̰ģԡ
߼ͬȡһİƷʯʮƷʯ¿ɵһ㡣
ƷʯƷʯĶһʮһһ˵ƷʯĴȱƷʯ̫࣬ռˡ
޴©
ֵݳһƣ⣬µлպ³ִƣ¥ĶŻݡ
Ϫ֪Է󷽣óĶҪûжԥˡ


47 
ϪǸմζֳ, ϵĵҩĲ٣, պ¥һ
һЩĵҩ⣬ƹĽ£˰ֻרʢװ˪Jƹĺ£ӦСڴһ׶
һƿԴۣȥͷҲİʮƷʯϪյֵûȱ˳ȥ
ִ˵вףʵʯףʯס
¥, СԸԾЩͼ˶רﴳϪ£Ҳ档
˰죬СȻָһҪϪȥϪ㣬ǱǱ, ҪȥǱߡ
ţϪ, ֳɻ, , СΪʲôȥǱߣ
ҪȥС۾һֱһһ߳Դһ¶˵ж, Ҫ
ЩʿԼĶӦϪ⵹ЩСָĵطߡ
Сؼ״Ҳ˵һɢ޽, ƽջһЩɢڽϰ̯
Ϫͷó, ȷʵǰ·Щط
νС̯ڵһ鲼棬̯ҲһЩʿϵʿͺټˡ
СҲûһȷķֻһ·ƾŸоﴳ·Ϲ˺üڵ˵ط
ǱߡСָһΪƫƧĽ䡣
Ϫ̧Ŀȥֻ治ԶĴһǵʿŨܵĺ룬۾Ҳֳҵķ˿ס롣
俴Ųޱ߷̬ȴʣϪǿȥֻһ۱ֲӿĴ
ʿͬһ㣬Ҳڵһ˵ĲӰ˵ذڷһЩʯֲСıһɫʯͷ
ԽǹԽȲϪĻְǿʯͷ
˭֪ԱȴͻȻһӣϣ̯ϵĶүҪˡ
С
ү
ͬʱ
ϪæǰԹ˷ܵСʵ۲ۣûб򵽣
СҡҡͷץСʯͷϪ㣬Ҫģԡ
ϪһģﵽһˣԷģСȴҲʵʵԪӤʿʵҲǿǸ˵˱˳ȥֻǹҡ
˽ܿΪϪǱǴ´βˡ
СҲ֪Լ£æԹԵͷϴϪ㣬ԲҲˡ
˵Ĺ򣬷űСȥҲڼµĲ
ǣ˭ĵӸҴүòͷˡǣôҵģǸǸץ򡭡
Ī˴ȥŭѣһʱƿڴڿϪһ٣һĨ֮ɫ
漴ݺݵԵҪֵļˣˢһ´ӣһתԭλӣǰûǴġ
ΪĶȴǼΪ
Ϫ͵üͷ͵شǸ
˼һĮӣо޷ǣͻĪ֡
ңϪС
Сޡ˲⣬СûȤ˵̬ȣֻǿӦðɣոҴˣɣ̯ϵĶʲôеıүȫˣ͵ 
СֱϪﲻ֪ĺܲõϲ˲Ҳûˡ
ߣŲҪģֵסԷߣв㿴Ϫ㣬ٿˡ
ԲмЦһðӣҵҪû¡֪ߵغСӣ
δ˵꣬һݸ˺ȻһүСԪӤʿ
ԪӤ˾һ˲һڼ󣬾ðȫԪӤΣǲҲԪӤô˻򲻹һС޲ɡ
С״űΧмˣС
Ϫסļ򣺡ԣȱ𶯣
鷢չڣԶԷķӦǲװݡϪŶ漸ˣĬĬԼʤ㣬Լٵ鷳
ۼսһʱһֱ̯ȻƳ˼һ۵ڲʶŹΥǡ⣬̯ϵĶֻλүϲûҪĶԣⶫֺˣǲС
ŶԷĻԾзŭ
ңС⣬ǲ˵Ųңȴɣƣˡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥԭһȺżеĳ
Բͬ۹Ϊ֣ȼɭϣҲΪϿԨǱ۹شҪڹҲΪ
Χ˵Ļ˳й˼ɣæ˶ߵ䣬ɫ䣬û˵ʲôзŭŶԷ뿪ˡ
һԱŵû겻Сؼ״һеǣǰոǲưոݡ
ϪҲ֪㣬Ϻµģ찲ο¡ı꣬治·ˣȥɡ
ǰСԥżĵã˺εԲ𡣡
Ϫʲô±Է޹أҲԸˡ
СأϪſڵϵˣŶлл
лл˵ɵؿСһۣСһû˰ɣ
Сذһأҡͷ
˼״Ҳǿ󣬻˸ƵҲУҷ˵ˣС̯ϵĶֻʲô
СؿϪϪ㣬㣬á
Ϫˣк棬ùһ˭ֲ֪ʯͷڰһʱС־ͻȻԾ
Ϫſ֣СʱЩίذȥ
鼸ΣϪȷʯͷĲ֮
תۿˣҪʲô
˿һ۵һö

ϪЩѣȼ䲻ߣȴַأϼΪϡȱϪҲûС
ܻһ
˺˵Ҫͨ赤ҲС
⡭ϪɫΣҲûС
С飬֪ʯͷԼǻˣʹвᣬҲǹԹԵذѶݻȥԸöԷΪѡ
˼״Щʧ󲻱ϣ˵һ䣺зӽϵĶҲС
ϪϸһµŵˣԷҪڽ⡣Ҫͨ赤֮ʡ
ϪղŽӴʯͷĸоȻ뵽ʲôһ䣺ϵĶǸʯͷйأ
һ˿ϣȷʵˣ֪ʲô
ϪҪȿһȷ
ɡ˺ܸɴ֡
Ϫֳһ̽ԷĽСز鿴
ӳʱû룬δ쳣ߵС۵λãԸоһ֮⣬ϸŷ־һź˵Ľס
Ϫ֮ǰڻֵķӦ̽ԼźȻϣһӴźڵĻֶʱֻԾ
״ʱھϵĪЩϪһǹϸһ֮ٴδһ½еĺ
ȻźۿɼСһ㡣
Ϫ״ջŶԷϵĶа취˷գʩʱɱεѵʶѿпǣ
ǰĻһĨϲĻǵ㾪ϲٹޡ
ǰŮӣ˼ӡ
ŶԷ˵Ҫڡ
ţòײŵôһϣұպܻҩҲһа취Ķء
ĬκվðһԣΪѾٽ
ȷа취һ䡣
Ϫͷҿɷġ
˵겻˵ɴԣŵκöԷ֤
˼˳ģ´󶨣ǴӦ


48 
Ϫ˸˵㱧СͬһȥС
·Ϫ˵̸֪˶ԷԽ, ۹ˡ
ԽΪ۷壬ӤżѰһԵ·, һʱ챻ͬеĺݺԷ壬ѾĻӳ
ԽҶԷ˭֪ȴ⣬޷˹ʱƣΪˡ
ҲԹҽ޿ڲ֢ʼûа취ֻԼΪɢʱ, ѾϣҶϪʱֻ֣ٹЩʱŽ𵤶סˡ
Ϫ뾭Īֶ죬ϸ˼ʱȴֺûʲôӡ
Խ̸УҲ֪СǿʯͷԽȤƽѵͼ͸, Ϫͷͬ⡣
ԽСԺڳ, ǰĻԵ, סԺư, ﶫҲţɢͬһ˴Ĳʡ
ϪСǿѰһѻõӣ˷á
Խ״ϲЩ, æʰһŰԼҲһ
Ϫԭû£ɵٻʱ, ʱۡ
ſڵ㿡ɫϸ, Ϻõİ״ɣĴɫǳķۣһճȥһ㡣
·Ǽ·ȴȫ˸
СҲʱʯͷŶԷۣƯ硣
Ϫһһס۾
ֵáԽֶ죬Ŷ˵ԭм˾һվߣС
μʱһӶʱһʱûϴ
ϪΪʲôҪҵ۾ѽСһһ֡
ϪԽٿСɿʵҲ֪ԼҪֻʶؾͲСԷ
һԽȴΪϪûϳڵŵѣԽ
壿Сˣÿ塭
ʵںѽղǸĴǰƯϵһ
Ϫֱ˵뵽ĪˬбԽһۣ鵭֪
ԽЩԣСѣʲôԣ
ϪûأתͷϵСӣСϲ
СæҡͷϲϪ㡣
ŲĶĵޡ
Ȼ֪ϲǱϲϪ̹ͷԣҲϲС
֪ԼСĵλɣϪﻹǲɱ˼ΣСȻ֪Խε֪Էлᡣ
ϪһԽкһѸڴһ̺ͷ̣һ߽жԷɺãóһԻ굤¡
ԽʶһʧϪȷ㻽ڻ֣׼Խβ
СʱѾ֪ʳϢȴϪڵڲһųѭζΧСߡ
̽ԵСŵʯͷ£ΧСתȦ
СǰһһĻ磬ͬ棬ָһ
Ϫ״æֹ𶯡
¶һ̣һпˡ
Сһ㶣Ϫԡ
֪Ķ֪𣿡
ŶСͷ
ϪŶԷ״ƹɵģεһ㣬Լһᣬ˾˯ᡣ
áСͷ
鶼׵ϪǰСԽ塣
ϪǰѾԷԻ굤֮ʹʹԽ岻Ծرüͷһţƺżʹࡣ
Ҫ޳еĺҪܵʹֹڴˣϪ룬ȫóԷסּ
⣬ľʿǼΪҪٱ谭С֮ϪҪɵԽڵĺҪֹ˵Էʵڲһ׵¡ÿһеСȫҷ
ԷںͬʱҲ֣Сȷʵ̲á
ϻСӴӾϳϪƴСԽڵĺ٣СӵִһȦɫҲƺһЩ
⣬ϪΪҲСӵı仯һЩ𵤺ڵơ
ѹ֮ǰ˵ʱղԶСȥֻ²꣬ͻԪӤ
Ϫﰵ̾һ£һƺ㽫С˻СԵԲֿʼػصϪڡ
ЩϪϢתͷСһۣ˭֪һûƼһɫ⡣
˵ǹǴСɢġ
ǰϪרע£СԼģ㿪ʼоϵСʯͷ
ڽζҹȥ洫ζԽŨֻϪæ£ҲԴŶԷֻʱп
˿Ϫ˼̲סʯͷһСһˮһߺҹĵһ󣬾ײѰ˷յʯͷ
Сֻ֪ǹʮоǱһůĹһ㣬֪ͳС
ϪعͿһһ˲Ļң
СϢڣæǰһ
ڳŹŹֵ̹⣬ûзףϪ԰ġϷһЩһѺɫĩٿСһֱеʯͷڣ˲ӦǶԷʯͷڵĶ¡
ϵСƺϢʶŲŲ壬̽ϪϵԴʮϹ
ϪԱĲ£ְ˱ڻ
Ϫ鲻⣬ʱ欣ǶԷڣڵֻϧ죬ͬΪ֪ʲô
һ룬ϪЩżؿջæķʽԽѡ
ڵȻ¿˹в׾ҡ
ʵ˵ԽһʱǼԼ壬ǰ͸һйգڵҲڿԵá
Խˣжʱѣͨһֱӹڵأ£ԽûӽԽɶǲ
áϪܾȻѾˣѵͼҡ
ԣԣԽԲŷӦæóͼݸϪպá
š
ϪӹͼŽһ䡰ʹ˱ţٶȿԽӦ
-
صջϪպҪŵİбѩͳһһҶļͷ
Ϫæסǰ쿴⣿
ҲСڷ̹⣬ҵ飬ڵϣСϸһ
΢ֵʣ֮ǰʲô
Ϫصڽϸ֪һʯͷкô֮Ҳעⲻ֪ľͰʯͷڵĶˣҷʱȻģ
Եͷɵİɣǻ£Ƕ洦ҡ
ʲôϪż
ûʲôüëššЩᣬҿӣҪˡ
Էһ˵ϪŷԼңǲ˻ϵı仯
֮ǰԽֻԼоСƺûôԲˣٿԱȽ֮ǰ͸ΪԣѾǴܽ͡
ԣҪˣϪһʱЩ֪Լ顣
ѩһʲôǸСҪˣ
Ǹ˵ţ˻˻ˡ
ڳ˷Ӧһ㣬ֻаȫһ״ı顣
ȴҡҡͷǺȷ:Ҳ֪ҿȫָǻҪЩӡ
лǰ
˵ʧһʧġϪԭҲûô죬ֽܿʵת˼Էػʲôģ
Ū״ϪСص䣬ʣ¼ǰĳмƻ


49 
ڡ
ֻԭŵһ۵СŮ˫Ⱦһɫβ, βԽԽԽشڵϡ
βϵÿһֻƬһϸ͸ĺˮ, ӡŵԣޱǿգ
̧ĿϿȥŮȥۣ𽥳
üգ˳ŨܵĽëţͦıͷСɵĴ΢΢𣬴겻죬, Ǹ籡죬ƽ˵ķ顣
£ϸ޳ĲʣʹƽҲԼƳˡ
ʱҲ¶, δȫɵԵ, üٶ, Ҳһ, һɽۡ
µȴͬһȫſĵǷ飬ݹӳ, ޵ɫҲԵȻʧɫ
ֻţƲĿ⣬űصſ, ָǺַ⡣
ϪʧʱǶԾ̵ĺ΢΢, յ˫ſ
Ϫߵˣһ£͵һѱסԷУϪ㡣
§غֻиܵԷȵ£ĿֻѹƽϢ
Ϫɵغһôˣ
ŻַſҡҡͷҸոһجΡ
ξѾǲΨһǵõֻĳԼĪĿֻŸУݿֱֻѶƽϢ
ϪסοûˣֻǸΣأ¡
ͷȥͷ뵽һ£æ˵Ϫ㣬ˡ
ţʲôϪһʱûӦ
ỻ˸˵ǣһָˡ
Ϫϲģ
ġͷ
ϪǸһᣬؾԣԷӷʧǰ˲һ
ܾ˵һ˵𣿡
һµҽᣬħʥŮһǰᵤչء
ᵤڶʮ꣬Ҳ˵ڵļֻʮꡣ
ž˵Ϫܿܣᵽһصϲ
Ϫźʶʱ̫̣ԶԷ˽ⲻ࣬ηҪֲźһ㣬һַʽĹȥ
ʮȥ¶ҲͬϪʶʱﶼһġ
֮䣬üĿ
ϸȥţһȺҰˡҧҧüһתϪʣˣϪҲǽޣ
Ϫԣš
Ϫȥ𣿡ʡ
ϪʱʦȥһΡ
ΨһһΣŽ򽣲ϪʱŵŰ׺ź
һý붯´ȥڽŶչЩʧӣŵӶԴ˽ؿƿ֪˲ࡣ˵ֿ˻ŸϪѾԻһ
ҲϪ벻ȥһΣ
ϪһĽһСƲ˷Ե鶯ɰ
²г𣿡
ԡ˼ƣɴ󷽳ϣβشϪĺ󱳣˳żǻƣҲʸϪļʵϪұ𣿡
ǸгرӣʱĿܵǵĵϡ
΢ĴɧŪһ⣬ϪԼᵽһζĵط
áÿ֣Ȱβ
Ӧüɫϲֵ⡣
Լβȷʵ̫ˣ㣬𹬺꾫˵ĳСµͺ¿ڵϱ̬УˡģϪȥ
˫Цβ΢΢Ϲһ⣬Ҳ˹ƵģģĶˣ޲ðõĶ
Ϫκص˵ͷʮҲ̫ˡ
״ӸˣϪһڣϪá
Ϫ򴽣Ĭ˺üľѹµȸԾĻ硣
»û̸꣬ϪԼ
˶񣬰ѻ죺Щɻǵģ
ûС
Ȼָһּ䣬֮ǰСľռֻڱȽ̵ϡ
Ϫһʣŷֲԡ
غȷʵȥҹŵĲ磬⣬ԼҲ˴˸ܾˣؼˣ˳߻һεıƻ
м䵽ΪֹپǺؾΪСмȱʧһΡϵ仯Ҳӡ֤һ㡣
С¶˼̫࣬µȴ˼ĳˣǲᵥ
Ϫ㣬ǲǻһμû
ϪʵԸ棺ԡ㷽˵һǰᵤʵ ʮѳӤǰСڤؾʶ
ʱ⣬ϪԾ
е˿鱾ʹ˾Ҫ˵ϪԡһӢ۾վ顢س˷θ۰¾ʹ˵
ʮд˼ֵûкֳǰ㻨ģ֮ϪȻ׽УԾҲû̫ñˡ
ȻҲ欵Ĺ͡
ʱỹСʱԷ͸ҪճϪ뷨»ָˣӴмҵһ欲֪ʱµĶ
˵һԣŮº⣬һЩ
Ϫ˵Żȴǰ˺ȻǺ죬ʱһôˣﲻ
˵ּ飬æסû¡
û£Ϫţܺ졣
᣺
ѵҪ˵Լ
ǰĻǿ˭뵽澹ֶ
ǹҲһݣСһģ㶽úѧѧϾǹغĴ£ѧû
һ뵽Ļּϲһ糺졣
ϪĿǡ
ǿ򶨵û£ֻǸոտҵĻ
ָָϵĶӽͬӵ˿֪ͨԷķλ
ֻѶϪȴû˵ӵĹϪϲҪôã
˵˷ϪһԣȻзӦ
Ϫ㡭ῴ¹ܵˣԥ֮ǰû﷢ʲôֵĶ顢򡢹ؼ֮ࡣ
ϪһؼԺʱ档
欰Ӹʱ˵ˡöϪϾʱ˷֪Էνġöһ˫ؾһЩ澫µġͼϪԷ
ѹɫǿ͹ȼ̫ͣʺ㡣
ϸ۲ϱ飬̹١
ûע⵽
Ϊʲôôʣ
ĪҲ֪򿴼
ʣƤһæûʲôֻһ䣬˳һʶѡ
Ŷ
أ˶Ըپ۸࣬Ĭ˵¡
ϪȴĬĬĶصøأöԷ֡
ҲмƻţͬһܣֻԽӣɹռ䡣㣬ͿԳöԷ˯ʱ֪ؽתߡ
Ϫ˵˰գѩڻ
գʹһӱһ޶˵ĴˣܵĳС
¶ЩֻᵽϵϤζ˼һ
ѩѩѾ͹ʱۼˣԲܿƵʧһ֪ɫĿԿԽԱڡ
ܵöԷ㲻ƺҲûйϵ
ѩˮƽͣӵĲϣӦֻ̫ǿʧĵģЩޣؿǸˣ
Ƴһ¶һѺõЦСá
ƺˣѩķزϪ䣬ȴϡ
ȵȣƳһ۷гϪΨˡƲ֪ᣬòѵСӣϵζһա
ζϪɻ
㡣СǺãǾĵڶ츳欵궼ûǿٲǾȲˡ
˽֪Իˡ
Ȼ֪Ѫߵ˻пܾ㣬̣ǧҲóһö֮ҲȴãҲ֪Щ
̳˴м䣬ȫʱҲѲʶԣæѰϵζ
ϪҲŵһ޵ζû£һ˵֪Ĵ
ûӰ죬Ի˺ָܿϪʱҲĿֵſڶϡ


50 
ԽϪ΢΢, һ𣿡
Խ͵ʱſڴϢ˵վȹ, 㣬ѩСӾͰ˴ˡ
Խ˵ĻҲ񣬿Ϫ˵ҵˡ
Ϫüʶؿߵˡ
ڿԽĵһкƬΡ
ԷʱľһվʱᶺתͷŶԷУС
ǰʶңԽЩܳ, ͣһ룬漴ܿƿϸһĺɫ
Ȼģʮ죬Խûһ½յŮͯϵһ
ʶԼǲ֪г
̧ۿˣԷǾȺİ, ȫȻʶӡ
֪Լʧһμ, ԭΪȥʶ, ԷķӦֲ
û˼Ȼ, ϪĬĬһأҲʵʶ𣿡
ʵȻǻָᣬ֮¡
ᰴɻ, ˽̽ղʶϪˣ
شҲû
ϪлɣɫȻ֮ԽķӦȷʵʶ, ʱҹᣬתԽʵҺ£
Խɫгŵʵǰ, ԽѷģܳлᱨԽԸΪͣԱ
Ϫܾ֮䱾һ׮׹ƽף˽Ȼ˽ᣬˡ
ԽһıϪȴܾ
Խ̬ʵڼֻ˶εʱ˵ҪȥǴǵطѰֳֵͼ಻ҡȲԸңǱҴȥǴУ
ỹûŪȻ뿪ҲȰϪҿ̬ȳϿңҽ¡
ϪԿ͵ԽĴ̳һŲ£õסԽĿ⡣
˼ĬΪͬ⡣
ֺˣ¶ſ£¡
ѩ֣³ֵСмֺ棬ҪȻҲ˴æҲԷ˵ûԣϪϪֲ··Ҳͦõġ
ԼȰҪһ
ΣֻܰȰСѩǱϾԱ죬λѴ·ȷʵЩ
Ϫ䲻⣬뵽ԷĹϵˣҲپܾʱ˳˵ĻǱ°ɡͽ۲Ҳá
Խһϲæмл
Խֻһ˺Ϫ㲻ٹܣͬһϢ
ʱС˵ͼºĶҲûóȻհһߴѩڳҩ룬ͬʱ̽ϢС֪Ҫϸࡣ
ԭͼ֮ȷʵΪ棬ⶫȴ˲ֹһݣϺԨһűʮݡһСϢ˵滹һƷǡ
ԷȻµˣٵǲҪٶ໳ɡ
һֱƷǶҴѳײҪ˵ǼƷĶֻһŵͼҲֵζ
ô㻹Ҫݵͼ״⣬ָȴǰ
ǲĶֻ¶һˣ׼ҵЩҲɾţʵҲֻܷ
ΪβҪϪƽ˵Ļȴһڱصõš
ֻǲпΣգϪȴ֪ǱȻ
ʱ߹Ʒǵĳһʺͺﾧйء֪ˣЩҴ岻֪ܲ顣˻ųϢͼıضС
֪ΣգϪҲܷ
ĴҲ⣬֪ԼûϴϪ֣һڣҲһЩҪıһ
ϪͰ˵ʱûбᣬǳ죬֮ǰС¶ģҲܳ⡣
ĽճȥһȥӦõѡȻͳ˸ոձµԽ
Խ˶ԴҲ飬±ǱȻϪҪʲôʲô
-
ᡣ
ϪΪ鷳ʱ¥ĺڶܿ˽˰š
ʣɸʶ̽⣬ݺϪֻ˳
һֵطȲػ󿴿
಻ضãٶȷɿϵĸԼ
ѩһ㣬浫عء
ϪƤ±㲻ٹܣϵһСӡ
ǽŮѾܹƵãֻעһʶɲ鿴ϵƷϢ
⣬нмҲͨӡĵֻ㣬¥µĻϱԶʾ
ϪţȻյߵϪϲʲôҸ򡣡
ħʥŮƴ֡
츳ܣԾŵһһϪͲܿƵڽָеĹ
ã㿴ϲľ¡Ϫ˷ļ磬һ롣
ʱС׽Ϫʲô뷨ûУ῿ԽһЩϪĶֹסȡ
ʱ̹ע˵ѩҲҴڸУأأϪϪ㲻ƫģ˴ӡ

ѩһۣĺ󲱾ŵǰãֻӶ̬ôô죺Сá
ѩ޹ֻܺ޺޵صһۣſҡ
Ŷת⽫ӵֵİУԹԴţҪʲô˵ǣҸϪ㻹Ҫʯͼǻô죿
ڳԶĳ̼״Ҳæս˻˻ҡ
Ŵ֣ҲҪ
У򡣡ƴ֣ȫӦ¡
Ϫܾ㣬ʯ㹻
գգۣСϪʯŸúòãҿҪԴ׵ġ
Ϫ촽£˵ѩֻĺӣֱǾԴõĻŭţ֧˰βŵͷá
ռ̫ǿôأ

ʱһʽʼ
ӰĴڣԿ¥µԲ̨ȴῴ档
¥£һĽŮ޿ĵԲ̨
λͺãūˮ飬յᡣԳˮŮ΢Цʽʼǰūһǿ㡣
һ¥ڹƽκ¼
ڶĳƷһŲ˻Ʒȴʯˡ¥Ĺ಻ǰ衣
ˮ˵꣬¥ϺȾѹʾ塣
ΪƲƲ죺һжɽʿء
ǰ˵ЦǽᣬͶɽʿ
ǷݵͼڣֻʿҲ
ϪҲһ͸Թ졣ԨҲչȲ۹Ĵǣͼ䵽ֱԶûɡ
ЩҪǵ⣬Ϫͷɼ¥¡
ǵĵһƷ˱ת
ǰ漸˶û۵ģֱԲ̨ϵŮóһ
С־־۹߼״λ֪ʳζãʳе̶ȸ˼ʦȲϣԭǿ⸱־
Ȥ£뵽Լ˵ʱ⣬תϪϪ㣬Ҫ
ϪһвӦá
ѩ״ۣ㲻ʯ𣿡
ƳһûᣬϪ˵Ϫãѧĳʳʵұͻ޵ʳȲרҵӦҲϡ
Ϫͷ֪ǰζܺá
ǰ𣿡
Ϫ˵˹ȥ£Ҳ޾ϸŻþȡ
šᵽϪ˳˵ˡ
˵ʱ䣬¥ѾʼмۣļʮƷʯǻʱѾеһƷʯ
Ϫ׼мۣȴ£ҵĻļۿУ
Ϫ֪оӪټһ̻ᣬԴ˵ǱóͷǱ㽻ɵѡ
Ȼϴ˵һµļλֱӽ۸ᵽʱž۵һʱסûŽмۡ
ݱԽеʮ־Ʒʯĵͼ۱ϪС
ÿһͻ͵ӦУϪʯͶʿȷ㽫־
õ˵ͬʱҲûˣǰŵǰ㣬ѩԼֻеĶʯ
ѩ˼ֲҪһ弶ߵһ̺ʯҲһʯ
ЩⳡҲӽβһѹƷڳ
ֻ̨ϵŮӯӯһЦƵ֣һԪӤʿһ̨
һʱ䣬˵ĿⶼۼŵľϣϪ


51 
ŴҶ֪, װľǽһƷѩͼ
ˮ˵ͬʱԪӤʿҲľ, ¶ƤƵĵͼ
λ뿴ˮָƤ߽ǵı־۹˾ҵı־˾̽Ѱǵⷽд˱־ڣ¥ݵͼϵıǵһ١
ˮһ˵һ߿̨˵ķӦ˵ǰ飬˵ĵ¡
, ŴҸ˿̶Ȼһ¡ˮûݵͼһʮ˴ص㣬ÿһص㶼һǡ⡭
ˮ˵Ŷ˶٣ϸһصЦݣǰϢͼϻ˼ƷǵĴ, , ūҲԿ϶ظߴ, Բԡ
˵ȫϢ˵Ĳ, һ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ֵ
˵ǾͿʼһƷͼһƷʯ, ÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯλԿʼмˡ
ȻҲҪʱ俼, ˮ黰䣬¥µĻϱɿһһ֡
, ƺͼڱصãܿĻϵļ۸һƷʯǧƷʯ۸ڳǡ
һʱỹͣҲûмŽмۡ
ʱֶεѩżشߴٵСףǸСѽǰ߼һ°סǾٻʯˡ
ԺЦԴôףҷǸ취ҲʱʱõġֻǰĵЩûܽռ˱ˣ¥Щˣûһ˻׷
һ˵Ҳע⵽¥ˮĳҲʼҽеļǶ¥ˡ
ʮŰᣬǧ߰Ʒʯ
һŰᣬʮ򡭡Ʒʯ
ԣʯƷǱȲޣƷΪƷᣬƷϡС
ʿճͨҲΪƷʯƷʯȴǲô
һ±㽫ᵽƷʯȻҲֻڴλӣ޹ֺˮɡ
˳էԼ˼ŷӦǺһ㡣
Ϫ״¥»ڲͣ任ĻͻȻ뵽ʲôתͷŰʵֱƷʯУ
ôһ˵һһԡ
˵꿴һ¥µĻ漴һ۸
ߺŰᣬǧƷʯܹѵˮ˿ҲЩƲסϵı顣
¥ǰҲʮŴεͼûһ㼤ҵġƷʯҲͰˣұ軵үƷʯ˳
һʱ䣬ʶˢˢ䵽Ϫڵİ⡣
ߺŰڵĵĪǴӵ۶Ԩΰ֪ѵͣ
һ˴ͷҲ׷׿ڡ
Ϫ΢΢һ뵽ʡ£Ҳûϵôעᡣ
֪ƶ񤣬ʵûϵƶ񤵽ϣԭҪһǰϡ
ϪĬĬĿ׼ϸпҵ治ס
Ʒʯ˵óó
ƳʱüһæȫңңҲǷʯû
˵ΪȻʯѣϪϲҲԸ㡣
Ϫתͷһۣһס
ȥһֻޣʣ˾
ˡϪܾĺ⣬ʾۡ
Ϫһ֣ʱ˴롣
ˮ鱨һǧʮƷʯֱһǧƷʯ
Ϫƴ֣ÿμӼ۶һƷʯǲʣ֮ǽѡ˷ʯв֪ҪԪӤʿοִһûӰǡ
գϪǧƷʯļ۸ݵͼ
ˮ󣬼ܸоǰʶֶ˲١
ҲԤϵԣ׼վһ̹ԹԻصڣѩలֵشڰС
Ȱһɫͬʱһ
Ϫһۣߵſڣ˷Ž
ˣµĻƷ顣͵ͼǷ̨ԪӤʿ
ϪŶ񣬲ĶԷݣӹľУ󷽽ʯ˹ȥ
õģ¸ˣ㡣
һߣϪϰţվһóͷע
ڿռһΣת˲˱֮⡣
һأһ̲ͣæٷһŴͷһΣͣ¡
δͣΪȡһʱ䡣ͽͣؾ˷ǱС
հ׷ǵ˦ֻչϵзԽ͡
ӺԨǵѩҪһƬɷԭԭһѩޡɫΣѲ˵Ϊʳʶڹϡ
ʱ˺Ѳһ֮СѩԽ࣬ľ
ѩпǣǱѩѩֻѩɢһѩζ
ʱϪϵǼ˿׼Խһ׼
Ϫ˵ʱԽǣֻѩзȵһࡣ
ˡڵȵˣԽ϶˼ֻϲ
Ϫ΢΢׵ѡ
Ӧģ̸ࡣԽ֣˼һʵҪϢ
һ·ȷʵû̫ʱϪỹãȴƣ̬
ϪûоܾҲɡ
Ȼ䣬Խ˵ʲôͼܺȻӰ


52 
˵Ż, ܺȻɳߵӰǰΧм䡣
гΪһǻʿԪӤΪ, һͨɫ£ϴźɫľߡ
Щûеһʱ䷢ʲôƬԼĪûҵҪģΪ˲ʹ˸Ůˣȫɱˡ
⼸˳ֵ֣Ҳ˲Ϣʱ䡣
Ϫ˶ʲôߣڲΣպһʱ侯Ե˵ĹӦԻ㼰ʱ
ȶΪ׵ĻʿʣԪӤ, ԽԸһѩӭһϪֱ
ʿȶ֮ͬڿһС⣬۴ӽ𵤵ԪӤһ󾳽, ر
Ϫǽ, ھС, һʿ, ҲԶˣԲһ֮
ս飬ʱںϱѾɹնɱԪӤ, ֮ؾ欸ָǶʱϪǽ޴
Ĭһһ, ͬϢÿһγж˷ϪܰΧ, ޿ɱܡ
ǵصĹϪв˿η壬ֿٻӳ⣬ǿ˹
վΪϲһףûܼʱܿ󱳸ǳһ
ϪʹԷٶȳ֣һóһöɫľмȼǺһ㣬ֱƮϪڴͬʱһҲͳһŽɫ˿Ϫķȥ
˻Ż׽˼û֣㷴ǱϪ
ڲʱϪһʱȴǺ̻˸򣬾ͼꡣϪֻԻܣԼϡصǺ̽Ȼ˲䱻մ
ף˾ȳ
Ϫȴɣ¼ѰͻƿڷһһӳĽɫ˿
ʱһţϪԽӦ󾹳ѹŶԷϪԽԽǿĹƣ˲òƻʼʹȫ
Ѿˡ
ϪĽ⣬ѳɡ
һ
ѩ䡣
ֻһ̡׹ӳɢӡ
˵ԪӤ
ϧ׹ⷽŷ˲㱻ճֵֻֽסһգһҽйһ֮
Ƴ£ĵһɪɪĹţǳЦˣ
ԪӤʶǰַֻԼǰ˵ĺ󳾣æеɱңҶУ㣬ɱҡ
Ҳ˵棬˵ĻȴޱȲ̡
ǰɫžҲ£ƴϪ㣬ʲô𣿡
ʱ
һģĹ⣬ϪܸоԷϣĿ⡣
ϪͷȻѾµ˵ݣһҲ޷
ѩҲİնˣһй
ǲμҶүĻʱڽүһᣬвޣץȥԭںԨѶټǰżȻˣš
Է˵ԽΪԼѾ㹻Сģû뵽Ǳ˶ϣжʱǸβѣǸҴ⣬пɳ֮
£㡣Ϫ⣬תʵںδ
Ӧѹʱԭԭǰ±Ҫȥѩ͡˵Ŷ˶٣ʱγÿնүţ񡭡ֻүܿͻ֪
Ϊ˻Ҳ֪޲Ϫе˼ȴţֻͷ֪ˡ
ǡҿ𣿡ԪӤС
ᶢϪϴŰȻζܺԷô
⼸Ϫǰֵһֱһ޺ģԪӤľٶɱ¶˱ԡлг嶯Ҳ֪ԷʲôӦ
Ϫͷԡ
л
ڿС
״ζЦЦһϪҪ˸ˣû뵽
Ϫתͷڽ͵ʮ㣬²٣˷ȥػˣͽȥֻء
ͷÿɷ
ʱֱӽЩ˵ԪӤ𣬱ֻصĻᶼûУϪַࡣˣԷҲûָʲô̬Ҳһ
һԪӤûʲô£Խ˷ſսһľæץʱ˵Ϣ
ϪãߵʬԱߣýڼѳֻ
״Ҳ˼ߵʬԱ߶£ĿȴʬϵĽˡ
˵⻹һʶϪֶκʵԤĻҪࡣ
̽̽˿ڴĽ⣬仹мۣȴ͸һǿɱ֮⣬ʱձسɴ
ͱ⣬Ϫ츳ס͵
㲻ʲô
⻰Ϫǫ飬ȷʵ롣ֻһˮɵ¡뽣أüãСڤؾҵԼĵĽȻȻسΡ
⻰Ҫ֪е˺ľܶ򲻳ԼĽ⣬Ϫ˵ȴԷˮһ򵥡
᲻㣬ƾ⽣⣬ϪȻѹŴӡ
Ϫʵĳأ
ϪЬ䡣
Ȼ⻰˽ģҲ֪һỹǲҲ֪ôˣ
ʮ꣬˵˵̡̲
ʹϪ츳վһЩʱ䡣
Ϫˣ¶ԷĻشҲֻǣһŬ
ţϪ㡣ۡ
ʵʲôˣҲʲôˡϪȴ⣬ƺۼԷһʱԷμָԺҲûбơ
ֻǿˣûϲ
ὫЩȻ䣬ԷԣǰǸԼϲ˶Է
ʱϪѾƳϵʶӡǣһöȫᡣ
ȴĴĿе齣ϣҲҪ뿴Ľ𣿡


53 
˵־ԼЩǿ, ˭֪Ϫǰ㲻ԥѽá
齣ʯͨī, ҲΪͨէָۡʱŵ齣˲䱻ԭĽϷ·һ㣬ͨ͸ů
ϲ⽣ʲô֣
Ϫû֡һҪʲô֣
⻰һĪý񰵵һ㣬Ƣһ㡣
ûн飬ʲôأ
׿ĪͷЩϧ֮໹Щ棺 ôûأ˵˵޵Ľͺñǵĵһ, ֶԸ
ǵ¡Ϫüҵ¡
ģʧЦҿЦء
ֽЩˣ챧ŰѽĴ֪
Ϫͷ˵šҲᡣ
Ϫֱ׺̹Ͼǰᶼмܲסο˼ʮ꾭, Եᡣ
ͷĦ½ϵĽͼ, Щɬ, ûᡣиֺЩ
áͨʱ, Ϫܺ˵ͷ˼κ뷨, ͽϬ
lingxiϬһϬһͨ
Ϫͷš
ֹ, ϬϪ, ˵֡
տʼûʶС˼Ĭ˺üŷӦ
Ǹɵȴŷˡ
㣬Ҳѹǰϲ
Ȼڸϲ
̧ͷԷеڴֺܺ
ϪʱȾϻϲЦ⣺ϲͺá
ϲġ
أûûһ㣬ʵڿȥϲա
ǸʿϷ˴ŷӦþ֮ǰ˵ϵǸүġ
ԣԷղţסʱԷ˵ɸ
Ϫ¸һ˵Ҫ˾裬˭֪ѩķӦǣ»˱ˡ
Դʮͬ񣬽ǸȫģҲ߯١
ϪҲûԣӲˣһ¡
Ҫ£ܵҵҲá
ԽͰȴһҪͽôһȻҪĻ˵˻ˡ
Խ˿ˣһһԪӤһ׶ԵеĽ𵤡
ǵʵҲȷʵпĵ
һȣԽپѵѹ˵ҪϪӦȷʵʵԷֻ¸ۡ
ҲȫȻһǴ뵽ԼãԽǿõְο
Խһʱܻȥˣæʵô죿
ϪҲĳɨ۰ƣ۵ģȻطһҹ
á
Խҵܵѩ񣬶żҵһεɽ

Խ˵ĶʱԭзȹȥԼա
ȥԭĴɼССĲͬ϶ԽϪЩ϶䴩˰ղͣ¡
ԭغԽԼȥ±һ󣬲ԼǴʲôأֻ±ͻȻһһ˴СĴͷ
˵Ÿ⴫άְʱ䣬Ǽǵٶȿһ㡣ԽΪ֤Լһͷ˽ȥ
ϪûлˣҲν봫
صĵط˵һ˵һصɽ¡ϪվɽϣܽʯڣɽԼɼһڵĶڣɽµȫһź֡
ʱߵǿʯҴµµõԽ֪ɽµµаţҵʱСĵµ׺ڵ񱻷סһ㣬ȫȻ޷á
ӳ徭ȴҲܵ޷ԭʱǷһԽԳһ䣬漴ɫԥ⣬»඾棬֮ʮΣգҪȥ
˵ĿıûĵǵʲͬϪҺȥš
ʱϪ˵ǺҲãµû顣
ΪֿϪǣһͬµס
Ͽȫ֣ʵȴ·һξӴµĺ
ԽԣһӴǺϪԼڵкȻЩɬ𣬲аһɬ֮
ȴϪˣǺһʳĽ裬ζΪܡ
ϪһΣ֧Ųסæסô
üƺܶá
ǻڿУϪʱ鲻ֻ֣ܵһ̣ȵұ顣
صͷֵô𣿡
ٶȲ̫Ѿôʱ侹ûסɾԽʱǱȥûþ͵µס
ϪҲԣһξ롣Ȼƺ߶ãʼղ뿪Ƭ
Ϫͣ£лԽԽ󣺡ԭ򣿡
УϵԽʱԼԼ͵һ²⣺ڵ
һ˵ϪҲ˼齣ջصڣס䡣
Ȼһо˵ڷ䣬ܱߵĺϡػ
ת˲Ĺ˱ӽµסͷϪʱԼסűˡ
֮ǰ¿ֻܿһƬڡ
µµף˲ŷ沢еĻ谵޹⣬ǳسɵ΢֮
ϪһΪխĹȵΧʯͷԽʱĲͬص㲻һ
ȵ˵·Ŷ֪ͨͨʲôط
а˾û뿪ԭؽڵ˵
ϪϣͬԽһ㣬ӿŹĺʱ䲻ãԽҪһЩ
ȫϪΧ̣ſʼ
̻ܣȰҩ¡Ϫʹ࣬뻹֮ǰİ취
ȴܾˣãֱӿʼɡ
֮ˣһܵá
ۡϪȰѵҩˣܿͺáڣµġ
֪Ǽ֣ܵġ
ϪҲֲֻ֪ͬ⡣
ײģֻܾСģԼԷʹࡣ
̣мûԹֻҧסԼ촽ʱϪҧƵĴϧۡ
Ϫóɾϵĺˮ԰׵գƺЩ䣬ϪסԷעһ㾫ĵһЩ𣿡
ҡҡͷоָһţû£ƺ
ϪҲ˶ҶʱµķЩ棬û¡
Ϣһҳȥ
ҪһȫָûֹֻǵСһЩҪ̫ԶһΣվͳҺһЩһ𡣡
ãҼˡϪһĵ


54  
Ϫ߳, ȵһƬž, ·ʱֻǵĴһ㡣
Ϫû˷ŵ;裬ΧϸѲһȦڵϵһʯͷϷ˺ۼǱһ㣬ϪԽ˵ȵ඾棬ܶϡ
ۼĵطǹȵ·ڣҲȴûУϪľ, ѭǵۼǰߣͣһһǰ
Ϫͣڰ۲һֻǸͬԴĺɫĺ֮ϷĸŨ˵ĸоҲΣա
ΣյԶֹ, Ķ϶ĺۼԽ, һ·쵽˽档
֮ǰľЩ, Էָʹ
Ϫһ˼, һſһ㣬ÿһеľСġ
ԼʣʮԶľʱֻŨкȻڳһӰ, ٶȿֻܿӰ
Ϫæ˶ǹԶٿʱǹȴֻ˽ڡ
Ϫ΢΢ü, һ̧ȣڴһļ, ƺھһ㡣
Ϫ״಻Ӳ̽Σǹﲢˣֻǲ磬ȷһϪת˹ȵд㡣
Ϫ㣬ˡôû°ɣæʡ
û¡Ϫ˵Լ̽鵽һ磬б鲼ӦǺԴͷǽҿĺۼʱӦҲⶫ
⣬ǽڻжţٶȼ죬ȫΡҹ̬ȣҲ޶ٵ⣬ֻǲҿǽ硣Խ˵ҵһǰŸҲпŸµػޡ
ͷʾ˽⣬Ҳ˵Լķ֣ҸղҲһ̽̽ǱһƬķϵ
ȥˣϪЩ
ᱻһȲŷӦ˵©죬Щؽ͵ָһЩûųȥģϪģзִ硣
Ϫ಻˵ʲôϾԷСӣֻܲ᲻صҲܲԼİΣ
šῴһ۵֪ϪңҲϪֵһЩ
ҲΪԷϲˣѵֵֻһٴ
Ϫһ壬ʱסֻǿǿðɣպˡ
ţ֪ˡɵصͷּղŵĻͷǱ߿˿ǿûڸһ΢󷨲Ǳڸˡ
ϪҲģû
Ϫԣ뵽ǺеĹʱ޷ˣȥǱơ
Ҳ㡣
ǰҵǰ󷨲ĵط󷨵ȼͣҵҪƽֻҪЩʱ䡣
ϪϢϸϸеĲȷʵԷһ󷨣ҵȼ͡
ճãϢʱ¶
Ϫתͷˣ󡣡
ɻΪʲôԼҪ˿Ҳûʣһξ롣
˵ȫ룬ž齣㹻漴Ȼ׼ǰն彣
ϣΪ˵࣬Ϣ¶ࡣ
Ϫô˻б֮ٶ׼ʹ
ȥǰʲôȻһ㣬ԭ޵ĵϺȻһʯݡ
ῴһһ㶵ģƳŻ񣬾̾ЩϪˡ
ϪЩ˼ƿߵⶼǰҵģ
ҽ̵ģֱ
Ϫ֪룬ͷʱؾһ󷨣ΪЩһļ׷ӡ
ˡ
󷨾´ĥ𲻿ֱϪƻֶҲʧЧϪ̧߽ʯݣһ·衣
ʯ⿴ŲҲֻӣ࣬мԴǴ
ڲü㣬һ±۵ףûʲôֵ֮
̽Ҳࡣ
һڷһֻ¯ģⵤ¯ƺѾòù
Ϫ֮ǰѧ£ϵĵ¯Ʒʲʱ˵Ϫ㣬¯ɡ
ȻڹԼһ
֮£ϪҪòࣺȲȼ˵ص˵
ҲС
˰˳ˣܹ鶫ܡ
ϪܣԾôץֽڼ䡣
ڷӣҲصĵ伮ԼһЩõĵҩ
Ϫһƿĵҩʱչʧ඼˷ϵ
ӵҩƷʺ͵ȼӦǸ߼Ʒޡ
Ϫῴȥһ࣬ŽԷһűϺȻһ߿ݹǣӦá
ˡѹǸӡ
Ϫͷ۲Σգⲽ߽ڡ
ϸ˿ϵĿݹǡ
ӶԷϵķº͹ͷ״ݹһλŮޡǰԼлΪͷ
ĹԼҲϹתܿ㷢ַϵ
ж
˵ʱö򣬿кȻһӰ
ʦ㡭ԣǺˣ
̧ۿ˿Ĳлꡣ
Ůʳһ봲ϿݹһģһʯˣǰлϢӦֻµһĨִ
ϪͷҲ˶Է
ǰ£䴳˴ðôϪ̬ȹ
⣿Ůɨһۣɫ߰µ󷨿ɲܽġ
᲻ϲüǰȻȷ⣬ϾϪ߽ء
ŮԵɨһۣţ
Ʋˣһ˶ˣԼأ󷨣ƳʲôҲ˼ó˵
ŮԱŭ֪С
Ϫ˽ŵģæϵȷƣȴʱչã̫࣬ҲŽƳ
⻰ͱ࣬Ůӱ΢漴ü˰βŵԭ㣬ҹáʦ㡭
˵ϲ¶įɫ䲢ûг̫ã̧ܿ׻ָʱǺʱȥȣˣ
µ˵вһգϪ˶ʣȣǰָһĺ磿
ǡŮӵĿżУȥˣ
״Ʊʵ˵ȴϪסǰˣֻڽ⿴һۣ档ˣ಻˽⣬ֻ֪紦һֻػޡʱһǴֻػޱϡ
˵ĴǶ󡣡ŮǺظһĨᣬʦޡ
󣿡
ϪްټϿأһɽٶʶʱΪʦҩޡ
Ůӹ飬Ȼûʦȷʵһλʦ
Ϫɻ󣺡ҹǰƺǵޣ
Թŵϣ˼ʦͬţη޵
֥ǰ߼ʦԷ˵һ䣬ȴûи͵˼Ƕ˰ת𣬡ǵ
Ϫ䲻֪ԷΪͻȻʵǣȷǵ
֥ʣԵȤ
ϪصѧһЩ֮ʣʼ޷ɵ
һ;ľ˫ΪѣľֹڱңܳɵҲҿãоһʺʺϵʿַȤһԣ
ʱʦʱʱпԼѣϧʣ֮ڻӰ޷ɵϧȴҲֻη
Ϫֹһʱգ˽Ž˸ãֱӦѰ굤ʱʰ˵뷨ֻϧǲ롣
Էԣл᳢ԣϪвһ
ϸǹ¾ڵأϪʦ
Ȳ֥ҴУӦһ£ɴӦ
᱾ţ֥ĻϪðȻӦԷƭˣæ˵ǰʵǰܵ˵ʲô£ǲܴܿܲӦ
Щ
֥һ۵Ҫǽȿһ˿ɻڣ뿪պö
ˣŵʬǰաڣӦѾɹͻơҡ
˵һҲԼ˭Ҳû塣
ãû⡣ϪӦ֮ҲҪȥǱߣ˵ʵǰɻҪ󣿡
ֻһ֥ҡͷϪ˱ҵʬߵ¼ɡ
ǡϪת׼ϵʬߵΡ
ֻǿݹͻȻɳһϪʶ
ǵ֥ıУ˵ĵַҩ䣬Լľá
ϪĿУĽܴӿʶĶ
ߵ֥ȴǺ˵˻
ܵ
ǡƳһۣĵⲻ˵ϻ𣿲ڶԷҲϪİʦŴ˼أûֱ˵
ῴ㲻˵ϪһʱҲڵǰҪȥˣɷ֪λʦǲܸò𣿡
֥ԳĬƬ̲ŵ˵Ĳ


55 Ÿ
·, ʦŮ
ӵ֥ĽУ֪˵ĶԹ
ԭλ֥λʦҲǵ, ԭһ£˭ϵ֥ʦ·ĸһԵΨһŮȴδ̳ĵ츳ʶŮҲأӹذмӡ
·ʱֻĽŬֻĸָܶһĿ⡣ĽݻɼʺͲʡ
֥ΪⰮͽΪϲ֥жʦʦҲо, ҹϢϰҲ
·ԹĸףҲԸŶԷѧԼ·;ӿ֥һʱ, ָһ, ڶ, , رΪһֳ̬˵ĹϵҲڴ˹ԽԽܡ
ϧʦ֮ʣҲļ, ֮һ궼޷ͻ弶
֥ʹϧ˰̲ż
ʱʦ־ʮ, ֱȥһؾٻһճΪͨ, ŷǲ֪Ӻδѧһһʦ
ʵʦʦһзʽûоԵƶʦҲʦεˣΥ֮¡
ʦ˴˵δκβãδֻû뵽ҲûԶ·
Ȱʦ㣬û䱾޷ɱ޷ȥˣֻʩڴ˵ءȥɱңΪͻƶɽ١
ʦмֲֻ̣Դ֮ȣٲϼҡڴ˵أһʦ㣬еһֱԪľ
ƼһɬвΪȻ
ںԷȴΪ˱˴ģԼǡֵ
˵Ҳֲ๣Ҳֻ䡣
֥Լ㣬ܿȥɫɫʦΪңǿŽסһ˵ҲʧЧ֪ʦһջӳȥܴһ˿ϣܻĽᡣöʦģ浽ҲԸԭҡ
⻰ǽһ˿ȫ
֪ˣαص
̾˿ɫǰ˼ԷȻ뿪ȡ֪⴦Ÿȴǧꡣǧ꣬ԷΪѵ˶ɽڣһλɽڵʦĬĬա
˶Էһʵöǰɻ
֥ȥǱߣϵĴһ񣬻ʦһ˿Ѱ
áͷ
˵ĹϪཫ֥Ĵȫգʱ֥˵¡
סĶȥðɡ
Ϫ˵ߵǰȻʬָҵһö䡣ǶԵ֥˵һ䡰ðָֽժ¡
ڽָ뿪һ˲ǰ׹Ҳ˲仯ҽֻһɢϡ
Ϫתͷ֥ʦ
¡˼ȥ߹ͷ벻һ֥
Ϫ״಻˵ʲôתְѴݸᡣ
ҵ֥˵Ƿó򿪣ֻϻһüĿһĺŮӣǵ֥λ·ʦ㡣
ŻеľɫŮӣĪм졣
ֿ֥࣬ڵˣ˵Ķ˵Ҳõ֣ʣ±ԡ
˵Ŀ䵽ϪϣȻһʦպúϰĪ;ϡ
ӽʦ̻塣ϪæҲڴ˱֤һҵʦ彫
֥صͷĿڶһºͣȥɣֻ¯е伮Ҳһߡ
Ķ˵֥꣬Ӱ֮ɢ
ϪԷʦͽԵǳҵ֮ĵײЩ˸У˶Ŵ齵ķһ
״۴ǣϪ㡣
û¡Ϫҡͷסֵȳȥ
á
ȥպõ¯͵伮֮ȴû뿪
ʱ֥ͬ˵ĻϪпһغҲֻʱ£ת˵һ¡
ʦĴ﷢񵤵Ĳз
񵤣ᾪȣҪģ
ʱԷһЩ欵£Ҳ֪񵤵¡
ӦûϪͷ漴ЩΪѵϧֻаŵİŵȴλʦ
᣺ô˵ֹʦҪˣԼҲҵԷɡ
Ϫ㡣
̾˿Ҫ֪Ҫ񵤣ҶҪǹˣɵأ
˵᲻뵽ԼŵֱʱóǷϸơ
Ϫ״ʲô⣿
ҡҡͷüֻǾ⻭ϵЩϤͺһ㡣ɾû˵
Ϫü²Īȥʶˣ
пܡһߵͷһмκһԣˣħڣڸһˡԷߣֻ¶˰°͡
˵ֵס˵ϰû
ħڣϪҲ㻹֪ʲô𣿡
ҡͷûˣֻǸղſʱͻȻôһˡ
Ϫ˼һʱգǱպ˵
˵ȥȣҵǺʯ󣬶Էļָʱ˵
ðɡԵͷȻ뵽֮ǰϪ˵飬ڻʱ䣬ɴһ˵˳ˣһ¡
Ϫ͸ʡ
Խйءʱ˵ʶʵƭϪ㣬ڿջʱһЩ棬ҾҸеϵԵʱϪ
Ϫͷ֪ġ
ûż⼸Ұ̽Σ̬ҲЩ֣֮ƺʶңȴƺҵ

ϵ֮òܵĹϵԼĳϪһ׵Ĳ²⡣
ῴľ죺Ϫ뵽ʲô
ûСϪæϣδȷϵ»Ǳ˵ˡ
Ҵʱв֪Щ£ѵһ˳ʱ⣬öԷš
ôһ룬ϪԽΪȷʵЩ֣Ҷ˽಻ࡣ⣬ָֻܵԺ˵ȥȡ
֮ҵʯԷǡ
Ҳһ㣬ͷá


56 Ÿ
ϪʯƬ̺ȵĽ⡣
֮ǰ֥Ѵ, ϪҵһЩʹȣϪһЩڵ, ˵һԵš
ûãȻǺзɳһֻޣֻ伫
ȻʳζԷȻû¶Ϫİ˵ľģֻͣڽ⼸ߵĵط˿˼ۡͷ΢ᵽϤζһ㣬һ˿ɺã
״̽ʶסҩǱߵǹ˵ġ
˦˦䣬Сس˿һЩûж, ּΧ˼Ȧᡣ
ȷ˵ݺȫ䵽ȶԣһ߼ȳһ߶Ϫȷʵе֥Ϣ, ʲôˣʲô
Ϫص֥ܵʦ, ʦͽ֡йʦί, ȼ·ʦ, һʦ塣
ͶֱӸҺˣҰ˾С
Ϫҡͷ, ʦһҪֽ·ʦС
Ծ׽Ķһ٣תͷϪ֧֧, ǣϲˡ, û֥ǵ֥ĵӣҲġ
ҵϪȴ㲻š
Ҳ˵֥ʦ˵·ʦȥ£˵ħڼǸˣٽ϶̬ȣϪĻܲס
ֱʵ·ʦʲôʱ뿪ģ
㣬ô֪ģ󾪵ض䶼Ӧʣһ
ۼֿ죬ͬʱҲӳһŲҲڵ֥Ĵҵġ
ȼͣǵ֥רѰԸģǶԷٶٿҲѲһ¾ͱסصϡ
֥Ҳ㣡
ɲ𾪣Ķв㲻˵ҲУԼȥˡ
ãٿǰһı飬پ޿ͷԱհβγϵðɺðɣȷʵѾ뿪ˡ
𰸲⣬ת۲ԶĽǽȥ
ٴ𾪣漴ûƭ㡣
ͷ֪ûƭңǻҪȥ
ϪóʣʹȣǽȥҪЩǽȥıꡣ
תת˵ڶûǽȥһСӦҲûϵɡ
ܿ˵ԼãҴӦ㣬ǲܴ̫á
ǴӦϪӦʡ
˫ɹʶſ󣬶Էسŵˬش˽Ƚ硣
ȫ֣ڲգŨʱʱųǡԽ֮ǰϪ״֪ԼҶ˵ط
ʲôɽϪʵ
󣺡ɽ˵ĵط
ǵطȥߺûȥ
ϪĻмѾȷǹȥ
ðɡνӦˣȰѶҡ
ԡϪҲƭˡ
ɽڵλЩƫȥҪЩʱ䡣
ϪжλֹʦΪ⣬ô˻·ʦ뿪ˣ
˶Ѿˣĸûʲôɴһȫ˵˳ܾ˰˱ﲻһ뿪ˡõ֥֪Ͱˣ֥ҹҾͳȥӦ䡣
˵ͣͣǺȻһ㣺ˣˣ֥ȥˣôԼȥҲˣҩֲйҲµġ
ϪԹĻ׶Էǻ֪֥ϢҲ֪Ǹ˵ֻ޹ڴʲôôҲûĿܡ
е֥ص׶Դ˽һǧֱ꣬ȥ໹ŶԷһ档ԷȴȥֻôһֻͨµޣϣҲϡ
Ϫζӳ£Ĭ˰βŵʦꡣ
ʲô֥ˣ͵شڸ߰ߣգ۱㵽ϪǰʲôʱģΪʲôأˣ˻ҪҿأҪ֪ˣ϶һҵƤҲûˡ
˵һëȫը﷢๾Ľ
죬ٳھͰƤᱻķһ䣬ָһ氲οģôòˣƤʱˡ
󣺡
ˡ
뵽ԷﻹרſԼĲҲٳ֣ŶҲҳ
ֿʣ㣬뿪ԺûһΣ
ûСҡͷ˶С뿪ǰ˵֥ˣҪȥﵤ֥ĵҩҵͻġҪҿõ֥Բõ֥֪뿪£Ȼ֥϶Ҳܳȥܲסôں֥㲻ǵҲǵõ֥ġ
ǰ귴ǰĻ
ᵱûС˼˵ģ
ỹЩɣöԷǺƭǰֻޡ
ϪҲ˼
˻ɣʱȻģ˲ƭңôϲ֥ôˣΪˣͲ
һ˹ؼڡ
֥Ҳ˵Լ·ӣһĻҲ˿Ŷȡ
ֻǶԷȷʵΪ뿪Ӧ֪Ե֥Ų̫á㼴Ҳҩܻ֥һ棬˼ǧ궼ţǡ
ز
Ϫ뵽欵Էħڳֹ
˵Ĺ㵽ɽߣδȥϪһ֮˿һϤ֮С
Ϫɣæ˽ȥ
һ·ҵǹ֮ԴǶеһں̶Ǻ̶ףˮ治ӿɫĶ
ˣϪỹܸо̶ˮһŻζǳʬݷζһ㡣
˵ǣǶҲ¶֮ɫô˶ˣǰˡ
ϪͶ󶼲ܴ˵ضΨᾹĳˮ֮¶ƺĪ
жͣڳرߣһˮ˳ӣˮɫ峺͸ˮγĶԱȡ
ܸоԼȷʵǶĵȴֳһԵС
Ϫǵؿ
ᰴסԼĿڣʶϪ㣬ɡ
Ϫ⻰һ㶣м˲両ǵ£ž֪ĹϤС
Ϫתͷʵ֪ΪҪ̶
һöסԼıӣһ߻صоΪǸɫʯͷǸղŲ˵ҪǶôˣӵӦ˲ٰɡ
ӡϪ΢ǿĺ̶˼һһ
次
·ӡ

Խ
ħ諡
ڳʯͷ
㱸оһž޴
ΪȷϣϪҲߵرߣǰһˮ̽ȥһ˲䣬ϪŪǹϤ֮дӺζˮǽµˮͬһޡ
ʱĲ²⼸ѳ档
Ϫɣﵱɺ


57 Ÿ
뵽, Ϫתͷ˿ᣬЩĲ̣, ֪㸸ס
ֹ֣ҵôˣ
ϪĿ뻹ʵ֮ǰ˵·ʦħڳֹ϶˵ΪкܴйأҼܲԸ
Ըܲ
Ϫ˼·ǰǱҵץߵģѸٽϣͷ૵ȥħڣͬĶҲ޿ܡ
ȷʵˡϪָָðĺ̶ˮ, Ǽ֮ǶƺףǲϲʱҲ˵ҡˡĻ
Ҳֻһ, ҲֻǵĲ², λδ֪
ֻ, Ϫǰĺڳ¶ɫ֮ǰԽеõԷʯǴˮ, ҵġ
ʱ֪ҲͰˣ¼ȻѾ֪ףϲðաȡ
ῴо, ɣȲ֮취, ʵڲ˵
Ϫǹͬ⣺Ҳá
ú˿ʼô̳ص׵ĺʯ, Լ̶ˮ
ʱϪڵĻڰ಻ס˳Ըµҿˮ
Ϫ΢΢һˣˮǶԴСӼȻȻҲˮ
׺ͷãˡ
ڴ֮ǰǻø˵һǡ
ϪתͷĵƮڿеĶ󣺡֪еĶǿȡ
Բذڰ֣㣬Ҳûʲôö
뷨򵥣Ͼֻõ֥Ļû˵ǵ֥ͽܣӦòġ
õϪŷųڵĻ֣ŶԷһͷˮ֮С
ǰԽڵĶʵ˲٣յƷʸøĶԴǺ޹˼ɵشسԡ
̷гˮʧֵҲڲϳ󡣶洦෵һֵϪϣΪٴθѸǡ
𵤺ڡ
𵤴Բ
۷塣

ϪΪͣڽ۷壬ֻһܽӤҪԪӤһ򵥵£ⲻļ򵥶ѻľͻơϪʱδӤҲֻܵһ
֣ȴһˮһҲʣϪֹҪײĺʯҲһˡ
ʯףصһҲֻҵ飬ϪǲϽʰŽԼĴ
պúתͷ͵Ȱţպȷ޺ٸ㡣
šԴû飬Щؿ˿ϪС磬Ϫ㣬ɫϴһ㣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ϪҲע⵽ֵı仯һЩ
С˵ĶԻҪԶܳ󡣡
СȷʵյԽ࣬ԽáϪһ֣Ϊصޱ𣬼Сӱ¶ֱûȫŪӦιֲźá
֮ǰǾڵʣⶾ
Ϫ׳һȦ̽ʵʲô
κζԷĻشͬǰһ𣬻кóԵġ
ǰ߻óԵġָʲôϪȴ˵ˣҲֻ˳Ȼ
ϪҪĶѾõ֣ѩǻţҲûٶɡ
ѻͻںϪתͷ۶󣺡ʶǰպδ㣿
ҲҪͬһ뿪ɣ֥ˣҲһֻ޴Ҳġ
Ķһ˲ҡͷܾˣҲ뿪Ҫ￴ŵ֥˻
֥Ѿˣ˻֪زصأЩԽ
ʵ۵ҲҪ˵Ҫҵ
䲻ڣȴڣҪš
ϪѾпϧҲٶ˵
ǵĹϵµȻƻպҴ⴦徻֮ءһ̲һһЩʯʹ÷̸뿪
-
ϡ
ѩѾ죬Ϫ˻ûѩʱŨͻȻɢ
ѩײһĻæк˹Сףǿ쿴
ôˣ߹࿴仯Ͼȵɢˣ
ԽԲⵣĵ⣬֪ǻ᲻£
һ˵ѩͰϲɸһĨأ˲֪ΰʱʱڰ˵ġ
İɣѾͷû£ҿ⶯Ǹġ
Ϊߣ㿿ףһ˵˵Ķʱ´롣
վ±߿һֻµԽɢԽֱޡŨɢҲۼط¶ʯϹһԼһ˸ߵĶڡ
æˣǿǱߡ
Խ̧һƣ״Ÿڡ
ʱʱ˱ڶ޷ǷԼҲȴɱ⡣
Ÿ˵кöѩһʱˣϪϪǾͽȥɡ
á
˵ţϪᴦص档
һˣѩͰȰȰȵ˵һϪϪڻˡõûˣǺǲŪġ
Ϫסĵػشе⣬򵥽һ淢£ڣûб¶֥ǵĴڡ
ѩ˵һ¶Դ׵۷壬Ľ
һʮָӵŵѹȻʾѡ
ԷŶʮͷѾ۷ˣ˿ɣԶԷʣӤҲ̫á
ԽȴԽ͸ûиŶԷĿˡ
Ƴһ˵ı飬İοҼϪȷʵҲ̫ԱˣϾ˭ܸϪȵġ˵ʣһ˱Ҳ̫
˵ǰοʵʻҫ
ѩͬԣСף̫ģȲϪϪҲ㡣
\Խ
ûбο
ΪԼܴԽʱѻתƿˣǸոշŸڣ׼ǰ˵ء
ŸڣϪһۡ
ǰԽҲ˵ǧһСһλϵ֮ءľΪ˵λָ֥û뵽澹һŸڡ
ȽȥϪ
Ϳڲɱ۷ǵ¡


58 Ÿ
ûж, ˺˳ؾ͵档
뿴нơͬ׵Ѿо, κҶѧǳƽ⡣
ѩ󼸸޶Դ˾͸һϲͨ
Ϫǰ˿
·Ϫƽⵤ֥µ󷨣һеӦ㣬ǲ˱˵˼
ǰȴͬûʲôԵϪʵֻ֮²С
ᣬȴԼһͷһ, ҪһЩʱ䡣
ԶʱϣĿͶ
úúãѾͷŪߴٵ
ѩǶԴ˱ʾɣĻ᣿ɱ˵󻰡
Ϫһۣת㾡ԣ
׶ԷǲԼѹ, һЦͷ, Ϫ, Ⱦһԡ
Ϻ, ¶ŶڵĽо´˼㶼, һԾȴ
һм츳ʦȫŸ߼ʦ˵Ŵ伮ⷭ, £ǲܼ͡䲻, 󷨵жȴʧ
ƾȻԽ⿪ǰĽơԼĴ﷭ҳȥѧؼԼıʼǡ
ϾѧĶ¼䲻٣ܴоϤУѧҲ±룬ֻ˰չ㽫ѧꡣ
̣е˼Ҳֽ֮ѧȶԶڵĽϸϸ˼һɫ
Ϫ㣬뵽취ˣһʱ俴Ϫ
Ϫϲģеǣʲô취
ü΢䣬Ц취Ϫҵġ
ҸģϪɻˡ
ʵҪȷʵһѶȣȴлɹ
⻰һ˲乴ϪĻ䡣뵽ȥ޼ĬæҰ㡣
СûӦĿɨԱߵϣ˰æأǰ˵أ
һȺУϹϾģΨѾͷͷβûйһΡǰͻȻ󲻵òı
迴ᣬͼӶԷϿʲôҿɲЩ߰
ᡣЦúƣֻͿɣ˵ĸͶ׼ĸܲڶɣ
΢һ㣬ɻ־ԼʵʵҲ¶Էܿ㰲ʼҪ
ҪҰæҲУԺʳҪһ롣
󻹶ԼǰзʱĳʳһԷץסҪ
ԡ
ϪȻæ͵ǰ󷨰ԣһŪ¡
ϪԼᱻ˵ԼĸҪֵĺôٶˣæֽ˲Ѿͷ˵ҪͱˡǻʿµĽƣ㿴ԼС壬һһѾͷ͵òʧˡ
ĻͬҲϪн٣æץסֺϪ㣬һ۵ġ
Ϫ밲ĻеĻϲǹʧ䣬ǿǿͬ⣬˵ʲô
һ԰ȫѩ˰Σ򣬿ѰԽ˵ᾡǰԶһЩ
ΪΣʩǱҪ˿ԽΪλҪһ顣
ѩͬƳһۣתͷĪС
Ǿȣôأǰ
û£ǰʵѩͬؿһۣͦס
˵˵һΪȫľ롣
Խ״ҲֻܰĪؿһۣףԼˡ
˶׼׵㿪ʼָƽơ
ʱ˳λȴƫ硣ʱ䣬ȥķԱһ
Ӧ죬Ѹʩסʱƾ߷ƵԶʤһʱ·硣
ǰ˼״һǡ
ģû¡
ŤŤӣƹȻףǧȥҶޣǿӦ
תͷ᣺˵СѾͷĽ˵ԭӺҡ
ԴǵطǷƽȽףôͳҹӺˣ֮£ֻΪ㣬в©һ˵˵ģΪȫӦ
Ϊ㣿ֱ׳ģһбƳһԱߵϪˣĲС
ƫƫôУϪֲƤܵס
󣺡
ϪԷһģǨŭᣬæǰԲǰСӱȽֱǹ⺦ˣĪƽϡ
Ȼ֪Է⣬ֻѰͷκûһ˻Լ
һһ͵Ļֱӵղŵټһ
ԡˬӦ
ֵУһأԺǽҲٳ֡
Сӣ͸Լĥǡ
á
ǰġ
Ϫͬʱ
̸׺ƽƣ֮ԽƵոΪٶҲ𽥼ӿ죬ʱɹƶڵĽơ
޹أһҹ
˵Ųܣ浽ʱ˵һ
ʼһμûΣգలµһ
ԽռԽΪأϪԼһ󡰵δ𡱵ˮǰķ
һʯִһȦˮҲӷ·һ
Σպ֮
Ϫëһͣ½ŲѵСġ
Ҳͣ½Ųػܡ
δ𣬵δ𣬵δ𡭡
һϡ
Ϫ̧ͷ򶴶ֻʯ飬һεʯҺʯˣһҡҡ׹ģ
䡣
ߵˮȴڼ졣
ԡ
Ϫһ齣ٿȻɳұϣɫѪҺ˳ұڻ
Ϭ˵޷ۡ
һ𣬲±ϵĶҲȫ
ʮֻޣӦ˵޲Ŷԡ
ʮֻɺġûе˫ۣŴ¶ͬʱˡ
ڼ˷ӦΪѸ٣Ѹٱܿ޹
ϮϪֻ۷ΪޣⶫͣûǣֻսĶһ޸ѶԸ
ѵȴЩˣгĺͷʯ飬ɫҺǴž綾һӴϵʯǿʼ죬ʲôҪһ㡣
䲻ȷⶫʲôϪ˵СıմͷʯҺ
Ϫ˵꣬Ҳǿ쿴Ǳߡ
Ϫֳ⿴ָķֻǰɫҺڵϵѪ֮УӿһһѪݣѪݻڲͣʹ
սԼߵޣͷƼһĻֻһܣʲôҲ̫ˡ
ѩƳһۣǶ˶Լöֻ޵ı׶˲˸ͷɴػһ޴ıͷֻֽȥֱһ
ʣ¼ǸչͨѸ׵ķʽʣ¼ֻһ
ΪһֻһѪݹ۲죬ȫϪһѻˡ
ʣµֻʱԽԽɫҲ𽥱͸
͸ԽԽѪݿȥԼеĶϮǵһģһ
½ϵ޶ӵģʡ
ῴЩʶʱһ˵
Ϫν͵ǡӦķȥ޸̣֮
˵䣬ѪƿгĶȻǰɱֻһģһ


59 Ÿ
ޡޡ, ǰ߽Կǣ, ͭƤǣٶȼ죬ȴ޷ǡ
ޣһЩаֶν޺޵ѪںһײУǣӳΨɱ¾
ѪĤеĶһ˲ᵽѪζ۾ûȫ㱾ܰ
ҵüʱ׼ɫ򶨵ض㿪Ϯ, ѩ֮½޶ס
͸㿴˿˫ɺ۾ɵޣ
ʱϪ˵ⶫޣҲûȫȷٿֻճĶ׶Է˵Ӧ
޵, һ㶼Ϊʿ, ħ, ʿѱҲǾ, Ҳû˵ʲô
Ϫ˹۲һ󣬷Ƕ䳤ÿ죬ȴֻܴһ, һӺԶΪѪˮҲϳ﷨ӱ˵õס
Σʱûżǰߡ
ʱǸտʯ, Ϯ֮ۼʯ䵽ѪҺ, ں״ɵöⶫȤ
ѩҩΪУһȪʯ飿
ȪʯӦûȹЧŶԡ
ԽǱͬһ뷨
ֿϪ
Ϫ״˲һĿȪʯ飬Ӧħޡ
ħޣ¶Ծϸһ󣬲ŷȷϪ˵ϴˡ
һֻޣ½ϵĶ죬ԺȪʯ飬ħޣֻͦʲô𣿡
Ϫͷ͵ȪʯһȻϵȪʯɷһְɫҺʱʯҺɹʣҲֱӷС
ħȪʯƣʵȴһޣڶУģȪʯһְɫҺȻҺĹЧȴȪʯҺرУо綾ʳ֮
Ŷߵ֮һ˺׽֮ϸ۲Ϳɷħ޵һεѪ˿ҲǷֱߵĹؼ
伮࣬ûǱ߾ȣһɻ󣺡ҿⶴеħƺ˱죿
ϪԵͷȷʵһħЩͬϸҺл
˾Ѻϸ鿴Ȼ
Խȿ𣺡жڶһֳӡ
ֻǳӼСɫҺһ£ѷ֡
᲻֪뵽ʲôɿ㵽Ϫ󣺡Ϫ㣬ǿ߰ɣоⲻʲôö
Ϫס֣ͬȷʵʲôö
о綾ܴޣȶãҲºˣϪͬһѻͷȫˡ
Щּǰ
ŷŵľ˾߾裬˭֪ȴһΣնû㵽һҩǰ
ҩΪ飬ֱһҩ˵ҩȼͣÿһҩٶǧϣֵϵҲпɡ
ҩķֻжֽ⿪󷨣֮˺еҩժ֡
ὫԼһȫϪҲϪʦԺõĵҩһͺ˰
˵ƶ⣬Ϫһһ㡣
ʵϣϪõУûԹǰĴʵûΪôɡ
ֻǿŶԷεĪһɶá
״ҲһӸϪңЩ㣬ĵҩһС
Խ״ҲҪˣȴϪܾˡ
궫˼·һȺޡǰľ飬˺ܿЩ·ļһ
Ⱥ޺һƬҩҩеҩȼҲԼȫļҩ
ƣ˲ҩضǰȽ̸˳ԻȻҲɷֵһݣֵõһȻҲϪϡ
˽ޣһʼЩ޻Ȼӵ޿ʼĶͱԽԽ죬˵Ѿ޵ĵķ룬ֻáݡ
ǰĲһֻޣֻ߸ƴӶɵĹ
ЩﲻģªʵҲǿ˲٣˴ҲԽԽ޳ʱǰ˵òκ͵Ҳòְæ
ˣսҲһսŽ
˵ʱЩ޻ЩôҲ˵ͨˡ
еɻԽԽŨﵱ޵Ÿ
ѩĻҲֵؿԽ԰ĸʿֶ˵ĹԼĶڣ֮ǰЩ
Խε˵ް٣ȷʵһǰŸ
ѩ״˰֣ţҾʣûл˼
ԽЦЦ󲹳⴦ļҲֻżȻһżϼԼأƾһ̽Ѱòҵ⴦Ÿǰڲ͸ǼسҲпܡ
Ϫż˵Ļ뵽ȷʵһ¡
֮ǰŴҵ棬ñֵ̫ԣʵʼЩħʱڵʵ˷Ӧ
֮ٽջ֮ʵȴ͵͵Сӷ˳
ͬһص㣬һһ£֥Ϊλѡ·ڴ˵أѵûз⴦
Ϫ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷ˶һۡ룬ûעǣ֣д¡·ӡ֡
д꣬գգۣͷʾͬĲ²⡣
ܽ˼䣬֮ϼߡ
سֵȴҩһСϪһ߿ʯšϪ濴ȥԶԿᣬϷƮһ
էۿȥ·ǽĲһŸĳ˴һ㡣
Ϫˮ峺̻ƣһƽ֮У⴦ɫﱾһͻأ¡
ʱһ㣬һֹܻӭݵ˼ʯźСϪȷϲΣպŹȥ棬ֱ֮жûκ·
߽һ͸һ˴䣬ڻһʯ顰ʯĴ塱
ȻŹֵǣԶܿϿƮŵķݽֵǸɾ࣬ҳȴǰؿ£Ǽ˵ĽŲ⣬ȫ
˼״æٶȷӣûһˣеһ̻Ҳֻǹ㳡ϵһġ
ʲôûУҪǸʲôֵ
ѩҲűԹ׷ôһΪд󱦱أòݶˣôˣ˰ɡ᲻ʲôþ󷨰ѱˣ
ϣҡͷûв󷨵ĺۼ
ϣѩĶʱ
״Դҹ۴˵Σգٷֿ̽һ̽
Ϫ˼ͬ飺Ҳá
Ϫ᲻˵һѩһϰˣȻҲһʣԽͳ̣ԽʵųһߣͶһˡ
㰲źã˱Էɢ
Ϫû뿪
˵쳣ˡ
ϪԶ
û󷨣û˼ȴһֱȼţʵûɡ
״ҲŶԱߣҲЩŹ֣ҸոѾܶˣȷʵûз쳣
ϪͷʵԼҲΡ
ʵҲ֤ݣϪգȥطԾûҵ
˻صڵʯ
֣ǴԢʵӳա
ȻСʯĴ塱Ϫȴȫûڴ﷢صĶ
⣬Žȥʱûϸ˷һϸϪŷʯ½ǻסС֡ꡣ
ĪŸˡ
Ϫ˼ʱкϪ㣬
ôˣϪƵʯ
ָָʯ󷽵Ҳ֡
Ϫ˳ָȥȻʯпֵķģǰġʯĴ塱Ӧʯ⣬ȴǶ֡
ƾʯǰ֣˴ſԲ³Ӧļ֣ʣСȴΪ
ĳϹŲ֡˵ţкһ꣬塣
ʲô
ҡҡͷϪ˵𣿡
壿Ϫһ˵
ʵҲֻżȻһأֻ֪ϹһʮǿĲ壬ȴ֪ܵ췣Ӵ䡣
Щ׷һпģڴصϢ˭֪ħڵĲ¥ûҵֻ԰
Ϫ֪ΪΣ˵ʱһʹ
ʲô췣Ҫһ
һ󣬲뵽ԽԽˡ
δ£ϪյѩĴ̺Խˡ


60  Ÿ
ϪյϢɫһ, ͳ֮Լڣ˵Էʱ㰲ȫ
˵, ϪҲδȫ
ѸٸϵѩΧŹ㳡ĵǶ𷢳û
ô£ôͻȻʧϪʵ
˵һľ
ԭѩһڴѲ飬ڼѩԽӰк˭ǰ㲻ᣬģЩŹ֡
һ˼ͬѩĸһ·㳡ߣҲ֪Щʲô, ǰ׹һ˾ƾʧˡ
Ƿ˸飬ûд˵еĺۼǼһﵽôģѩŰüëдɻ
Ϣʲô, ͻȻʵС߲Լܸ֪ķλ
Ժʧҡͷ, Һϵж, ȵǰɡ
ϪҲٶ˵, һ֪ԽҲԭ밵̽Էʧɴ, Ҳͻƿڡ
ŵ˵ĹϪһǰĹ㳡
һпƺֺδ䣬Χ˽, ĴСϵĻҳһ޶, һĹŻ

ϪĬĬ׽Ȼһû
һǰһԣ
ѩû˵ĬлԺš
˵ţһʲôΧһʲô
ǰϪк͵ Һ˵˵Ϣͨ⡣
ͨǶ֡Ȼ˵ȴȫȻû
ûûʱţûĥ
Ȼ֪ûζʲô⵹ص㡣
ͷʯ尴˳һһڵϣȿ
ʱ㲻ҰԽСϷһĨʶɫȥ˴Ӻɽ֣߿ʯ
俴ʲôСӼȻضȻѰҾŰѶǿ
Ͱһ顣
㵹Ǵ
֪ʲô֡
Ϊٵ֪ͺãԺҺõ㡣
᣺
գעŵϵʯϡ
һ߿ʯÿһ涼һŻεΧظ裬һּ볡
֡
ĿɨʯϺ¶֮ɫæϪϪ㣬㿴ⱮϵڵĿƣ
ϪҲע⵽㣬ϸȶԺóۣκͽṹϿȷʵͬһ֡
ѩûȥڣǲ֪˵ʲôϪ򵥽һ κμ֪һϢҲƽݡ
˵ˣܿҲͲشµذѶ
Ȼֻܴط
˼Ƭ̺ȴȥ㷢Щʯĵط
Сͷ
˵ĵطڴӵɽ屾ߣ濴ȥ쳣߿ʯԭǷɢŲƬɽ֮Уֻʯ屻ʹñγԭصıֻ߸ӡ
ûʲôȴҵλá
Ϊ˱⣬һ߽ͣһڵϼ򵥱עһ´·λǿԭ߿ʯλãһǵ״
˵˻ûע⣬һ˽ǷӦ
״ٿױָķ򣿡
ϪȷӦǴǶ𡣡
ûͷû´ЩʯҵԽͳ̵Ĺؼ
֮ǰЩһֱĥڷžе
ʱ˵עʯϵϣ˿̷ĹؼʵӦͼϡ
ʿļǿѰѻϵϸڿʶУ˿̷ۿгһ߸һĹ£
һǾһΪף䣬Ϊ³Ա
ӤָƣѪڻ֮Уʽɡ
Ѫ
²⻹֤
ţ̧ߵʯµԣ׼ϵӣףڳһƴСİɫʯ״ŵʱȥǼʯơ
ǣϪ¶ȡ
һ˵һʰǿɫС˰ΣȻڵײλ÷һѪӡ
Ϊ˽һȷϣת˵ӦҲУȷͷȥѶڳ
á
Ҳûжʣæڳʣơ
ϣʣɫСѪӡǡ
ȷϵѪ󡣡
ҲѪڴ֮ϻ󷨣Щ󷨵ȼͣĿǰΪֻƽ⡣
Ѫ󣿡ѩ֣˵ˣִĵش̣߳ȫΣֻΪǷʲѪ󣿿ɼ㷢ʲôã˭йϵ
Ϫ˿ᣬԽǳģʱĲ²⾹ôͳ档
޵ٵ֪λָʲô
һ뵽ܶԷʲôеȴᣬϪ̲סǡ
ȴû뵽ô࣬뵽Ҳ⣬ֻһ񣬶ûйϵȻ֪ˣȻȥ
صġѩʲ𰸣ſڰǨŭԽϣ֪ʱͲˡ
ͷû˵ʵҲЩۣ֮ǰԷǸõģ˭뵽
˼죬ϪҲĴ͵͵
ʯϲһĨϤϢ̹׵˵Լķ֡
Ϫбв²⣬˿˵ȫȷ
ֻǣǲԽһΪʲôָʹǡ
ָʹ
ϪԾս֣תͷŶԷ
ڿƳϪǣȿڵϪ㣬ұȥ
Ϫֹ
Ϊ˳̻ΪԼҶȥ
ᶨûл徵ء
ϣϪǵǵģϣϪ֪ԼҲҪ̽ġ
˼κϪջѡ֧֣ðɣҪһ𡣡
ͬ⣬϶ʱ¶ЦݣͬʱеİɫСȻ˵а취ġ
һĸߵѪȷʵ޷ƽ⣬߿ѪҺҲɱƬ̡
صģó߿ʯʱļʯһһӦ
⣬༸˸վһָֻٷָѪͣڿн߸󣬴ʯ֮С
ʱ䣬ֻǰһ׹ʱ߳Ȼת
ǰǶֻǽµʯȴûˡ⣬Ƕ󷽶һ߿ʯġŷʴʯϽһ̦
Χķݽʱʴ䣬һƬа֮
˽ܴǽһϱڲԫУԼƳϤӰӡ
⻹ʯĴ壬ҲʯĴ塣
Ϫ΢΢Ƭ̣㿴ô̿
ඨ˶񣬶æԼ̵֪Ĵڡ
Ƭ̺¶Цݣߣǹȥ


61 Ÿ
Ϫҵʱ, Էһ޴İʯǰ
ԽͷߵĻһ, ӲظĿڵˡ
ˡҲɽỳûûεرԹ˻˻Ҳ̫ˣҵ˺þá 
ɵģɵûŰ
˴Դ
Ŷתת, תβͼᡣ
Աѩһ˶ʱƢͷָͣͽƭӣ, ǰİ, ****
ڴˡ
Ϫ΢΢ü, ȴûֹ, Ժٽ̰ɡ
ѩò࣬ԽɫԽԽѿϪƵؿڣѾ˼ʲôĿģ
Խ
ȷʵǷѾ˼, ȴǡǡֻһˡ
ĬƬ̺Խʵôģ
Ѫ󰡣ǵģԽ, ԵЩɵ鿪Ц, ģԭĪò뽫ҵ˵أöв֮£Ϫ㣬Һ¡
ϪϵԼԽҵʲô

Ҳ˵ʵ⣬Ա߻һʲô
ԽΪỹǽ͵ûж⣬ֻ֪ǰǲҵˡ
ϪԻ򣺡Ѫ󡭡
Խͷ˵ˣҲͲں˵һЩ⴦ŸǰĴĲһ۷ֻѪ֮˷ɽؾġ
Ȼδε޲ڡ
Ʋ첻мһƵطôء
ѩ͵ǣõģ۷أ
Խ
ͣðɣȷʵЩơ
ǰƣѩͷΧˣ˵¡
ԽлԷֲв˵ⷢйǡ
׵˵ϪҲͬҪζ㣬һ
Խ
ѩǿͬ⣺ðɡ
ͷҰ˵ֿԽ˵
Խи˼˵Լɻ󣺡ֻͨѪ֤֮˷ɽ룬ô
ܲóǧѰһˣһһѣ
Ŷ˵Ǹ᲻ΪȻʯˣڵڵµʹ˵ֶξͽˡ
ʲôǰѼ뱮ˣԽһڳںС
״صһۣʯӣôˣһû˷أ
åоҲ֪Ǹ˭ѧġ
ϪԹһ䣺ǰˣ
֪Լ˵©죬æεرʾСˣСˡ
Ϫɫ󣬿ȷʵµӣŷġ
ᵹûжൣģһĳ»¾͸֪දӡ
Խһԣζӳ£ֻѡ
Ѿ׷ֻĿƵضʣ𣿡
ϪŲһסĿ⡣
ԽΪڽԼǰΪæ͵ûж⡣֮ǰ˵ЩҲȫ滰⴦Ÿȷʵѷ֣Ǻ֪˴ȱйء
ϪĿԨƣ
ǣǴδżȻԽæϣ¶ԷᣬֻǡöǺʯиӦܶԸǺҲŻỳǡֶƺֶŴ˶ĻɡǰǿʯѾ˰ɣ
̹Ȼϣšʯ˵йأ
ԽصʯԭֶΣһ޷ա
鵽Ѿ˴룬ʣһԽǸصĲˣƺڳԸ˵
Ǵǰ֪Ķ档
ԽĿ䵽İ֮ϣʯͨ崿ףһ͸һׯعԶϢ
ԭϹʱһЩŻΪ¼崫Լֻͯû䣬ЩҲʧҲֻһЩϵ廹б档
Խؾôһ飬еĲʵס
ԽΪᣬǽ֮ǰû봫бܴС˵ҲʱС˳Ҳ֤ԼĳģöԷΪͼ
һ룬Խǰңҿʾ
˵ѧʱؾǰ㣬ųʶ̽ǰ񱮡
ûüֹԷʶȫ봫б֮Уֻһԭء
ѩ״ӰһţûԽһӡǣ뻹û㱻Էϱĳһ
Ϫæס֣ߵȷķֶΣͻƵġ
ѩίعԽͷһˡ
˵ѩϪֵǿ᣺δ㣿
ѾˡǳǳһЦҲܺǸصĲ塣
Ϫ֪Ǿˣû˵ʲôֻá
ᰲģҺܿͳ
šϪͷ
ϥͬԽһ㣬ʶ̽봫б֮С
Ϫȫ̶ŶԷֱʧȥʶջĿ⣬Ҳϥԡ
˻Ҫֱбһ׹⣬˲ŷֶԷҲ˴б
⡭вͨ
ֹ˭֪ǴбϪȥˡ
գգֶۣͣ˵𣿡
ôдûɡ
ǰɡ󲻴˽Ķ
ѩ͸ˣҲԽȥˣ
ԡ˵ʵҲ棬жһ򶥼⣬˵ɾ͸ɡ
ȻȴԸΥ
ѩ״ĵҲһأǱ֮⡣
ҲӦ˵ڴһΣһĽ
ԣϪϪǸСͬ尡ѩóۡ


62 Ÿ
һ봫б, ϪʶбӿһϢ
ԭ⴫б¡
ԭϹʮ֮һ˵, ϰ֮츳ʵǿأ̸ܲ˼ַ
ƺϲ˽أû˼ɵ
ԼʮǰһͻĴϯ塣һҹ֮䣬ؾ٣Ҳȫǳ֮УΨǼ˽ӹһ, ȴҲӴһص¡
ˣضǿĲӴʷ֮С
⴦ŸʵǵѵһҴ˵ĺҲԽеŸˣ༴Ϫڴʯ֮ˡꡣ
, λѵ, Ȣ, һѪ
, 涨һֱܣΨѪֱϵڳ봫бܴС
˭֪, һܾй¶ȥ̲, ֻʣһǿӵ˵أ֧Ųס, ǰ󷨣ڴнҴ˷ִ˵أݴҲڶϾ
ǹغڤڤ֮Ӧһߡ
Ϫͬʱ̲סЩϢᵽǳ
żϼصġ췣ǴбϢⳡֻһԱ֮֮ɣΪҪЩʵû˲⡣
Ϫü˼һҲ֪ôģȻ̧ͷǰ޵Ŀռ˵һ䣺֪ǳΣ
ʴб
бǱȴδ飬žԼħˣһǰĳķ˱仯
ǰĻпһһ㣬԰׵ĵĻһݣһ֣һǡ
нʽǰĴЩơ
Ϫʶڡ
࣬Ȼ֮䣬ѿһ޴ķ϶ǹЮŻֱֱ棬һһ
̼䣬ϱֻʣ»밧޽Ҳʧֻȼղһҽ
ˡ
Ϫ룬ͼǰһ䣬𽥴Զһֱӵ磬֮ݣһһ⡣
⣡
Ϫһ
ˣ
ֻмֿܣۼ磬ݹ۹δھ˴Ļ¡д£һ¼¡
ڤڤϪһԤУĻǴڹȥһʾֻ˵һԤԡ
ϪʴбȴûõκλӦ
ҲԣûڣղŵĻǰ£Ϫǡÿѡ
硣
Ϫһʱ벻ϵֻʱ´¡
Ŀǰһƽûʲô·պŸ֪ʦжᡣ
ͷһһϪǰľֿʼ仯ǰǰĶһʧֻع鵽ʼ޺ͿտҲһЩͬǰƺһͨ
ϪɣǾ˳·ǰߡ
Ҳ֪˶ãǰĴ֮ɫһ仯һ̤ȥǰ
һ޴ʯԲ̨Բ̨ڸɽۣ߲֮ϼǸĺȥ
ϪϾעЩһ۱㿴Բ̨ˣ
˵⴫бǼͨԣ˵ϪԪǴŽ˵˼ҲֻǱһԵ̬ȣû뵽ı˴
Ϫоϲƺû
Ϫ״ҲӦٴţԱѰ˸λãؿŶԷ
һʼֻǵŶԷ˼ȴ֣ԷʱҲĴڣϪ˿Ľʵȴһռ֮ڡ
ʶ˵봫б˶벻ܻͨĶռ䣬Ϫ˿̵״̬δšбֶټҲ˵ϪҲͲᡣ
ȻԷҲֻҪҲ㡣
䣬
Ϫ֪Լ˶ãֻոһյ̲סԷһ㣬ٿһ㡣
żͣϰʱҲԹķϪڴؿŶԷ룺
ȻûеģϪҲֶԷĿͣϵʱԽԽĸơ
ע
ݸооĺݣȴһֱɢȥʱԽԽǿҡ
Ϫ㡣ῴǰ૵
Ϫˡ
Ϫ¶ϲ
һ޵ϣңң
ϪԷһ㣬ϾϲҳɣϪ㣬𣿡
ҡϪ
ﻶϲοͬʱ̲סĹǷҪԷҪӵԷҪ
ŨҵؼʵʵĿ
ϪԭΪԼȻֱ˿ףԼԶֹˡ
Ϫ̾һûзԼ֪޾ͻƿռϣվǰ
Ϫ㡣ɫ𾪵ϲһѽ˱ס㰡һΪҵĴ
ϪһԼԼоǸܣֱ˿̣棬һξĲʵС
ϪͷķţѰˡ
һϼ⣬ԶȾͷףůϼͶͷ·Ҳⳡطꡣ
´һᣬ˱㻥ཻһϢ
Ϫ˵Լľûоȣ¶˼ı顣
Ϫľɻ󣺡֪ʲô
Լ֪һ㡣ɵصͷ˰βżǰҸ˵٣˲Ǳ⡣
򣿡ϪЩԾ
ػһĸ⣬ֻ´˽粻档
ϪСû˸˵Щ£Ϊ⣬֮諵ز֪ô
סϪļ򣺡šܹи߸ţҵΪҲʲôҼҪ£Ҳڣܻҵ취ġ
ϪҲֻǾȣҪ˵ȴûУԷ˵Ҳԣʱֲͷϡ
ҹºϪתᡣ
ϪϷӦйоء
սҲǽһϢУ˵أ֮󣬲֪ҪȥٽϰжΣҲҹͣԭ
֮⣺Ϫ㣬Ҿλ·ʦӦҲˡ
ǰԽ̸ĵױ˲²⣬˴к󼸺Ѿȫȷ
ˣµЩʯҲ˽͡£Ҳֻպ˲֪
˵һּǰϪԾһػ
пռʱţʱҲŹʮա
ԽڵʱϪһ֪ϪҲ봫бֻһ̣ȻؽҲԼˡֻһ͡
ˣԷԭ̬ȣʱ֡
Ϫ᷽һۣԽһΧǰǴ˼µıΪλġ
Ϫɻ󣬸ҪʣԽ齻
ԭޣڴбڴձ㱻˳
˲Ƶ̬ȣԽһҪֲʶ֣֪˵֮ҵطõ˶ԷϵĴ䡣
Ǳϳģ
־Щ
ԽһЦû˵ʲôʣƶĪңؾͶһˡ

ԽĻǳ£˺޲ڴбڴʮ꣬ﷴ˸ۡ
ΪԼ룬ԽѻתƿȰ˵¶
֪˴ҶֹϪҲ飬ֱ¡һɰʺϪ齣
Ŵ˸Ҳʣλǰˣ
ѹء
иͳʬ𻯣зĵطǻȥ֮䡣
ɻԽڽһ飬ǰλǰõĶѩǶ֪
ͷ˵˾ãʵպΣ
ĸȥԭǣҡǰλǡдԨԴҷž롣˸ִ֮еĿģֿԣи֮롣
Լ٣˴֮һϧĸоϪ䲻ܸͬܣҲС
Լ֪ԷҪ˵ʲôϪʼվξԷԨԴᣬԶԽȥԼȨ
ϪĿתϡ
ǣʡ
Խͷǡ
ϪĸдҪһЩԴԽ̬Ҳ͸ӡ
в֪ԺЩƬδӺζԽѾȷˣ˼ǹջͬ⡣
ڴ֮ǰϪϪأ룿
ϪеĶҡ֪뽫£㿪ڵ뷨ɡ
õſԽȸŰɡЩҲϣڶΣ򡭡
Խյľ棬æ֤ǰģٷ
ۿż˵׵ˣõѩ̲סлԽϲһţȵϪС
ϪϪڳˡбô𣿡
ϪЩεؿһۣڴпռڵӣѩԸ񣺡ֲ̫档
Ŷ
ѩʵͱʹԽ²ҸͷҲû׷ʵ˼
˵صѾϣ뿪ǰĿھб
ڿھ£бɰƴСȥӣ˭ǶԸɽϪĻ
᣺
㲻д
ϪҲһ˲ʰǿСĴбݸ᣺
ûӣϪŰɡ
ԭʹϪ񴫳бԶѡԷãʡˮ
ϪƾܣȴȵϪ㱾һ壬˭ﶼһϪ͵ҷҰɡ
˵˵žϪֵֺסһǲֿͬðɣš
Ÿڵһʱ䣬˱ץʱѩ졣


63 ѩ
ɷԭԶٷ, ǽѩһȫ֮һչһС
ѩڲѩ, Ѱ˺ʧΨÿ٣зѩͣЪ¶ȻůʱսȫҲˣÿʱҲٷʱ
Ϫ˽ڿʼյٷ
뵽֮Ҫڹѩڴ£˾ϲЩʣڶһٽѩ졣
Խǵһ·żҵһҿջ
֮ͬϪк׼ȥ̻аѩ񻹻ȥ, ʣ¼ҲԤȥϹһ䣬ЩҪĶ
ϪӿʼѧϰĲ٣֮ǰŸõҩҲȫһ㡣ҲôʱԼϵļƿҩˡ
һ¶, ϪĵѾ˶, ɵʼڰٷ֮ʮ, Ʒռһϡ
һó, ԽͰ˵ӽѾ졣
ʣ¼ȴȫþȣһȻ̬, ϪԼԣʵЩġ
ⲢϪԴ
һʱԭѧһЩ˻, ڵõ֥Ĵк˵˳µشһ谭
ΪϵĴб
ŸǴбܵϣϪû, ˭֪ײ֮оһݾ
бʱ粻ͬϪһ£Լ120ڴбдʮԼһ졣Ҳ˵ʶ봫бζͬʱʵȱ˶˶ʮʱ䡣ֻʶ۵ľȴ١
֮ǰڴбϰʱϪʱԹԼĽһͻ룬Ҫģ
Ϊ֤ԣϪʶسɹ
ڶݶϰʱ䣬̶ܶһڳΪʦ
ڵҩƷʣкܴһֹ鹦Ĺ͡
ʳ׳ԣϪҲʱŷʳֶ鵤Լҩеʡ
ϪһγɵʱֻһƷտʼֻԼ㣬ʧܵ¡βŷ־Сӳ͵͵ʣµĵҩһŴԼ´ģʹ˷һְҵ׶ϾĿ
ЩСԼеģʱϪһһ𶼲ɪɪٲҶС˼
ûãϪʱƷƷӸʱֶС˼ԭڴаæյҩеʣߵҩĴȺƷʣɵֵҩƷʵʱԼԳԵ࣬͵͵һƷ
ϪҲˣԷ֣ҪҲһֻ۱һֻ۵ûˡ
ˣһ¯ҩҲܳɵʮöңлöƷ츳ʹǷڵţҲܼĴڡ
ϪԼȴ⣬ƷֻмƷȫûиõģõġκϪÿγԽһʱҩҺʧܸգһҲ䷨
¼ãҲֻһһڼϰ
Ϫ˷˵
ѩ˵Ҫһȥ̣ȥЩֽʯıҲԼˡ
̶ˣ˱Էֿ
ҵҩ̣ǰҵ쳣࣬ϪᶼԸͬǼһһЩǱȥҡ
ϾڣǰЩҲһЩˣһԲֵϪǡ
кǵǸʮ꣬ʱһ˲㣬漴ָֻЦ˿Ҫ׻𵤣
׻ҩ֮巢ůֵѩڵĺ䣬ǰǵ
ϪͷҪƿƷ׻𵤡
ϴЩǸΣʵڱǸִƷ׻Ѿֻ꣬ʣƷƷҩ
ϾǽλۿҲڵ֥Ĵо׻𵤵ĵԼĵҲͻƣԳ
Ϫͷʾ⣬˶εݣ
ʦʻһ˲漴ӦϱӹģģҪ٣
Ϫʮݡ
һƷ׻𵤿ɱʮգһҩݴԼԳöƷʮҩ׻ȫ㹻֧ڹѩ¡
Ƽ£ʵõģ˿ɻҪģ
ϪͷֱһݣѩҲһЩв٣Ѿϴ⣬ǻЦ󣺡Ժȥȡ
ƶϪû̫öԷˣһĻһڵʿ
˵ǰкǵĻƾߴߴ˵˶ԷݣλˣҵҲǵƹ񡣡
˵һۣ͵͵Ϫ
ǰϹЦ⣬øС
ߡ
ƹ˸
ע⵽ı飬ĬĬ͵ЦŷϪӻܻͦˣ׶Է㲢ǶƹΪԴˡ
˾òڣһ䣬һģһ
ӳſʼһ·˶ƣԭΪ⣬뵽ոջȥʱи˹Լ˵˾仰Է˲ߡ
סϪ֣ƹҪֲأ
ƹæصϴ棬˼顣
ϪյİɫӹһֲƷʶƷûŪ٣ԣЩʯ
һǧ˰ʮƷʯҪ࣬ĨȥͷǧƷʯ𣿡
¶Էü۸չ˵ֲ͵мǡ
ԡϪǧƷʯԷ
ῪϪˣϪ㣬㲻ǻҪҩղա
ƹæյյġ
Է˵գϪóĵҩ
һʮƿƿһƿҩƷҲƷƷȫµġ
ƷƷƷԾɲ͡
ƹӴҩܿϪóЩҩѰƷƷҩãϲ¶һЦݣЩﶼգ˵ĵҩƷʲͣÿƿһҩм۶һʯҩʯһǧƷʯΣ
۶˫˵ܹƽϪͷӦˡ
Աѩ״һתҲȻҲһЩ㿴ղգ
˵žóһϡŹֵҩˮҩۣ¶ԷʶÿóһĵؽһЧá
ۣƤϻһ졣ˮ˻һ·ȾɫҩˮȾë
ѩ˵Խ࣬ƹͻϵıԽӲƫڴʣ𣿡
⡭
ῴһΪѵƹֵÿѩԱͷˣЩպ´Ҷæ׽ǣЩ
ѩ߷ߵصһۣ㶮ʲôƹĶû˵
Ϫ࿴ƹϵľᣬԸѹˣѩ
۸ҡѩƲֵԼĶ
ӵֹ̳˹ط·ÿмŵİƺڶʲôˡ
ϪһۣĬظȥȫز
Сסѩ˹ȥڸʲô£
λͷԭǣһһΪЩ˷ŷˡ
˭ҵˣѩµ
ͷԣǰ׼ңлҡ
ԭȥֽʱǡÿ׼ҵĵӺлҵִ֪Ҳϡ
лҵʲô֪Ƕ԰׼ҵҪԣԸǵõ
ɵһҵϪ뿪ľ
漰е˽£ϪģеǸֳһ֣л
ҡͷûплۼС֪Ǹ˱ĿӦòС
ϪءŶһ
ѩ״Цһֻı飺û£ϪϪ۸С
Ϊȥ·أû뵽ԷԼˡ
һͷˮˣʲôлңл˭
ϪԼˡ
˲䶮ˣʲôʱ֣ٷ˶಻㣬Ƚ˹ѩ֮͵͵󣬵ûʱ֡
ƻ죬Ȼûٸɡ
ѩŲ䣺޳ɣҰ⶯ʣһӸҰ޻߶㣬ҲҲͷϡ
ӵܵӡǿ鷳ˣϵСģΪһֻ۾ӣѩʮֳ֡
ῴһۣһһݵشѺùϵ
ͼѣл˺ܶࡣ
᲻صͷŶ
Ϫ
ϪԹгرûǰܷŹ
Ե׻Щõģ¹غһȺ˵İΣ׵ȴԷĵϸ¡ػ̫ྫϡ
úãϪġӦţתͷȴˣһƿ㣬ֻⷽŵЩϣ׷١Ϊߣȥ
á
㣬ڲ֪¾ͱˡ


64 ѩ
׻𵤵ҩӸҩһжʮֲ, һζҩҩԱңѶĸ, Ϫڴпռз˶ʮŵ
ҩҺɣڵ̻˳ڽɵųɺϪ˳пռ䣬׼ʽʼ
ɫѴڣûˣֻһԭѾ棬ûдԼȥˡ
֪ȥϪ㲻ٹ, ó¯ֲʼҲҪսѩ֮ǰһ¯ҩ
ҩֲڵ
пռģȻϪģһ˵ˮ
һɵҩӵ¯Ʈ, ϪƬ, һϢ, ΢һ, Ʈһҩ˲Ϊһɽζ
Ϫβ΢ɲһ
򿪵¯һȻһѲ
⡭
Ϫü˼еĴ©֮
Ȼ, Ӵҩֲַȱڴпռ飬û, Ӧ˲Ŷԡ
˵ΨһĲͬϪ̧ۿԱһһ
Сԭɵʧ, أز˵¼ϪæƵԼ⣺Ҹɵģֻ͵һţʣµĿɲҵ£㲻ͷϡҪ־͹ʵá
Ϫ˶ԷĻвû𱸵˼
СӵԸ˽⣬κ󲻻ûִ磬˵ĻӦġ
ϪǰĻ翴˰Σס
׻ҩԱңңղȣȷʵ׷ҩԣʹʧܡ
ǰʱԣߵҩƷʣиıܣûԼԲٿء
ͨһҩʱûʲô⣬ŵҩȼߣȴáϾƵҩȼԽߣԵʦҪҲԽߣǶֲҩԵİѿغַҪ󣬶͵ĿҲǱ롣
ѹǰҲƷԼҴ˷
һͨһ㣬Ϫжʱʣôʱóһҩݿʼڶơ
һأ˦ֲܣԼϸϸÿһƻĴСԼȶȣ֮ȵطֲڵ¯ΧԱ֤Һȵľԡ
ҩҺܽ⣬㼯һҺ
Ϫ׼ʱһĶãһ߿Ƶ¶ȣһߴʹ¯еҩҺֳʮݴСȵҺ
پŵ¯¶ߣʮҺתʮԲɰ鵤
Ϫһ־ջ𣬵ҩڳΡ
ŵŨҩ㣬Ϫһֱڷˡ
䲻ǵһһȴҪķ񣬲֪䣬ǾһκҺ
˲Ϫһʱ򿪵¯飬ԤڵҪһЩĿȴҪࡣ
ƷӽƷƷʣϪʹˡ޾ϲ
ŶԷʱǹؼʱ̣ϪУȴҷſˣЩ
ƽһ˿⣬ƺһίζԼվƣϪͷһЦһ߰οˣϪѾˣٶԼҪߣô
ʦ⣬ϪһαôͷƣĪְһͷĸоϪŶԷЦģֻԼģҩװõݸԷһʣǰ˵
Ȼˡպƿ˶һصһϢ
šϪͷ΢΢˵
֪ϪǸľ飬ҲʧлЩƺеͼˣҲΪ˼ƷǶ
šϪͷ뵽ֳĶ˶ǣˣʵڹ죬Ʒǲûļֵ
ƲƲ죺˭֪أҽ˹ѩߣˡ
Ϫһ˵仰ǰһ¯

գϪһ˽ѩ졣
ѩط˴ڽˣԽ˾Խ١
ĿȷֱŵͼϵıȥŵͼΨһϪֱ˼붼Ѿ˽ȵǣʣ¼Ҳֻҵµǡ
ϪǻǶãΪߣҲƲֻҪƷõǶѩԽ˷ˡ
ѩǱޣڹѩãǵĸ£ܿͻƽ𵤳ڡ
Խޣٶȸ죬ΪѾָ𵤺ڡ
ϧʼյĺ⣬ڹѩѰʮûҵǡ
գ̽һĨǵϢκθϵʱŷѾһ˵أڶš
ҵ˵أλʶ뿪еһŮӵ
һˣ˵ѩﶼ޲ùһ򣬶һɫشųಲ׳ʵĸ첲һͼ߱Ӧޡ
Ϊ׵ЦЦûȵȵõ˵ֻƾʵ˵
ŮԲûη壬ֱðǾƾʵ
Уܴ򡣡ѩòȥҿʱס
ǶУԲһ춯ᱻ֪Ҫ˵Ķˣ涯֣ζҪ׷⴦ǡ
ϪǶȻҲ
ȻŮӺܿͱԱߵȰסֿʼһֵȰ˵ǣֻǣ˭ҲԸ뿪ֻ֮˶Σʱ
ۼЩֿʼΪּۻۣһʱˡ
ϪΧֿԼȾһëѩ˼Ƭ̺⡣ͬ˵꣬˶׷ױʾͬ
ˣź֮󣬳ѩ⣬˴ҡڵ˳ȥ
λʲôҲô὿ǳЦ󣬵Ҳ㹻ǰ漸
䲻ʱ˵ˡ
᱾òڣ֮˵ʱ⶯һȻ֮漸һʱЩʧ
ѵеӣǺ⣿
һȣҲѸѣ˿ƯʶԼŵ̬ʱ߷֪ܣʹЩĹˡ
ϪЩõƳ˶Էһۡ
Ľش˸飬漴ʾص˻ȥϪϱʹޣأ˵ĲԣװĵǱ࣬
Ȱ㿼˵
ԣϪ㲻С
᲻ҵĻ䣬䲻ȫһƷųҲ㹻ˣߵ俴ΪҲԼʶһǲǣҲû˵Щ˵Ļ
Ǹ޵Եʣ˵ӵǱϪ˺ˣ˿̼˵꣬Էڵ·ʦðʦܶʼλҲǵģ
ˡ˵ϻ񣬿ԵҪˣǹɡ
⻰һڣ漸˲ըˣȴ¡ǰע⵽¹̬в²ǰΪҵȣȿ⴦ҵԵá
⻰̽ҲǶ˵ľ棬İΪ߲ԪӤȴǻһ󾳽磬ԲǵġҲζǻȥ֤ԼʵЩδػġ
ûôƣôʶ࣬ӡҲ˲٣㲻
ЦЦҲ֪ȻǼٹ˼ɣ¶ʵΪˬˣˣҲһ뿪ˣֱѩ˳õǣºɱͨͨûз
˳Ϫ˶Щ˼飬ⲻһСҲûôϡ
Ȼڼ˼յԺʱǾ˷ˡԷ֪ʲôˣһȺ׷ɱ


65 
ô󶯾, ȥû˹ѩƳ۲ԶµľףЩ, 䶶˶֪ʲôôһ仰һһˡ
״̫ģԥƬ̻׷ȥȵȣҺһ𡣡
Ϫ֪ԼֻвסҶԷҲ̫Զϰţ£û, »ǰɽٵҪ
ԭжǺһطȡòǣлľԽԭʴΪȫָ˵һͻԪӤ, ׽ٵı
ƽ̹, ᷴӦѸ, ʱ󷨲ûΧѩɽ
ʮ, ʮһ
ϪһĬһиȻԽȵֻѰľ׽٣ԤԼӤڼ, ǰһ˶ɽԼҲм
ת۰չȥʮ׽ȫ£һ, ԽڳɹӤ
ˡ̧ɨԽһۣС
츳ҲŸǰʮ
Ϫûж, ֻƽ˵˾䡰ϲ
ԽЦӦˣΧֻǶˣЩɻ󣺡ȥĶˣ
̽·ȥˡڴ˾䣬˵Ҳ֣תͷϪȥջûĪǳʲô˰ɣ
Ϫü΢侲ȷѩ
˵ţϪͷûüѩĴȵ
ϪϪҪɱҡмֽ
Ϫһ䣬ҪǱ߸ϡ
״췴ӦŪϻ˯󣺡ȥѩ
Ŷؾ˾ܣƬ̾͵˵ط
Ȼȼ˵ʱԤѩͰΧŹĳûһֻҫڼϱQﻹʱðЩ׵Ĵʻ㡣
ϪһʱĬȻƬ̲ųѩ
Qػʵһ٣ʱҲԼȥĴ鹾һת漴תȷ˵ظ״
ϪϪˡѩһ˵һ߶˶ëճĵѩпߵأϪϪЩ˿ɻˡɱ޹ײɱң˵ҪȣҪҽֻܼҵëˡ
ĻӰĲУ˽龭
ѩʱ̽Χû˵Ļӣû뵽汻ײˣɵ滹ˣǰйһ֮Եķˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôһȺº˽׷ᣬžҪŲȥѩ˵յĶ±֣־ˣ֮˳Ϫ˸
꣬һ˵ķλʦùл
лѾ֮˵Żһתɲ˻ڸ˵زȫ໰뿪˵˵
ɲţ
ɲţ
Խ˵ɲŵͷ˶һͷˮ
Խ״æ̵һ䣺ɲ˱һаɣֶμΪħмɵ
ħ֣֮ħޣҲħ޺аħ֣֮Ψմа޶֣һ֮ˣΪħݣɱ֮
ɲܷչ̸֮ɫƣɼһߡ
ɲšҪ͵ɲ֮˲֪Ӻδ˵еͼ˽ɱλʦáѡ
δ˵꣬ͻɵɲ͵һ⣬ٿȻԶ
áɫһ䣬оǰգʵû뵽һ˻ʣߴٵ뿪˵ء
˼ɫأ䲻ȫɲŵĵϸȴҲӶԷĻ뿪֮顣
ȻʱվˣҲƬ̵Ĺ򣬱һŭ
飬ɲŰ¡ŻһµģжԷ
Ϫڱʷʱ裬״ӶϬס˵Ĺǰɱ
ɨ֮£Աߵ˲ܵǰˣӦԣǱϪĽɨ
һ˶ʱŭɶһ˳Ϫϵı˲ŭתϲ㣡
ǰһأֶ׼ңлϪ޵ϣֻû첻ˣƳʱϲʤ
Ϫ΢΢ɻôԷϵһ㡣
Ҳע㣬춯кһл
ϪûϳʵЩ˽ԴһźɫߣǼ֮ʵѱϡ
˵ĲֹлϪͬԭ̸ˣԽǡײϣɴһͬˡ
Է࣬ȴҲֻЩԪӤΪ塣
һĹ˫иг㣬ǱлЩȫ£˭һ߷Ƕȹޡ
Ϫ䲻֪߷ǸʲôطԷ⻰һĹǿ˼״æǰæ
µķˣ龰˾Ǵųûߵ⣬ǿסŰգһԵС
Ƴһû˵Էʵǿᣬ༸˵ʵ㹻ӦԣҲó֡
ȻʱţʼתһߵơۼԼԽԽ࣬лϵĵתΪŭ
ٿһϪˣлŭȴ޾ţЦ浽ˣǶȥɡ
˵꣬ץһ˳ϪӹȥϪ裬ԷҲôʱ˵󣬳ź󷽹档
Ϫ״ȻѩĻСģϵġ
ͷ𣬱һӴѹϪһǿҵΣУһסһ㣬ӽĶ
ֻǻ
á
ѹֻάһ˲㳷ȥ
󣺡үүǰ磬òͷˡ
л棬Ů͵һҪæ
ͬʱڣ䣬һ֮лԡ
ͬɲһ㣬ҲǺºߣֻͬһ룬һĻƣϵ·һ𲻽Եͻأ˼ֹ졣
졣лһۣ˫Ŀ΢кɭȻ¿֪ɲŰµʲô³
ʲôɲɲģû¿һ顣
û̫ʶҲƳԷϵ˿ʽʵȴһϸķ£ȼӦ͡
ת䣬ԷѾӡĸð㡯ɡʯĴʡ
̬ת̬Ҳת䣬¶һѺõЦݣ֪³ʲô
˵ԷӦʱ䣬˱һ㣬ֱɳȥײɡ˻δأָǰһȭһȭȭȭ⣬ش˴
ǿԷַޣһʱ챻ռȻǱܿѰʱһʱ֮䣬˾Щƾеļơ
Է֮ʱϪҲûţԳʰǰ©ˣ׵ıл
˵ԭǶԷһٶҪǹȥ˵лһ٣Ϫûаɾؽһ
Сң
Į飬ۼлɱԾմȾ˼ַŭκαס鲻ְæ֮ģ˼ʣµ˵
ˡŶԷȥķĵ֪ĶһռģǷǸ˵ġ
ۿ¶˭ѧֽı£
ղŷƼ˴ѷᣬû뵽󾹻ܴж˼ҵĴ
ƳһۣǿӲĥϵʶӡǣĶȫתƵԼĿռ
㡣
ỹδüпԷ󷽣ӹһпɻ󣺡ǣ˵˳ְѶϪ
ͼϪҲ⣬ôռôͼ
˵ͻȻתͷ񣺡ǰ˵ЩΪϵĵͼ׷ɱǣ
ԱԥǸж䣬ƺ˵ʲô¡
ǰżȻõĵͼǸлǰλѵľ֮׳ͼƬֵ̺ͼʵ˵һϢ֪١
ŶȤ˵
ˬҲֻżȻ˵ͼƺмϢ
ϪⲻҪ˵ԭͱǸͷ浱ô׳֣ô붼Щ˼顣
٣Ҫһԡ


66 ѩ죬
ӷе֪˵ͼ뼫й, ٶĶԷȴҲ
˴ǱϪŵͼоһȦҲûоȻۼ½, ѩ
ǵŨ֮أ񼫺ϲŨ֮ءˣԣιѩмȥϵĿҲҪЩ
ûգϪ˱·Ϸֺü˼ԽۼԽ, Ҳӡ֤ǵƲǶԵġЩ·нٶҲ٣ܿĿĵء
ǰһı֮ϱİǣվں߶ܸܵǵ䡣, д˲Ϻ, ΰѳٽĵˮ
Ϫһ˴һϤĸо, ѩɽϵĺ̶ʮơ, ŵϤĺϪǼǳ͸ʡ
Ȼ˵ķӦȴʽȻ෴, ѩϲ嶼̲סݴ ϪϪǸʲô𵤸һš
ϪԿˣ֮ѩΪءѩϲ, ǰŷ׻𵤣һö׻𵤵ҩЧܳʮ, û뵽ŵ˴Ųסˡ
˼΢ת䣬ϪûаԥԼϵļƷ׻ȫóˡ
µҩ˵ɫָ
ü˻ָڼ䣬Ϫһ߸һ߹۲Χ
ռλҲֻļԶĽ䡣ΨһЩôǴ˴ƽϸߣ߿ȥܽǰȺֲ۵ס
һֲһЩСΧ޿ɢޡ
ϪţıӣתͷͼüЦӴˣ
Ϫɻ
ָָǰŵλӢɾĪã񣬿ɱծˡ
Ϫ΢΢һ㶣˳ָķ˿ȷʵλˡ漴ӦƺԷЩԣȷؿڽ͵ʦܡ
ͷÿɷ
˵ĹǱ߼ҲǰĻλŮޡһʤѩѩɣһŻ߹š
ʦ㣬㡣͸ϲδ˵걻ͻȻĳѩסȥ·ͣ£εصͷǰѩúһѩʦ㡣
šѩֵصͷһ˦ĵỳУһΪģ
ѩһע⵽ϪվŵˣԥƬ̲Žϳ㡣
¶ǡôɻ󣺡ʶ
Ϫ״ԷʧǰʦĸȤģ˽Ŀڲ⣺ʦڴˣкλѣʦܲ𣿡
ʦ˵ĶԡǸȻؿһڽܵʦ㣬λװ磬ŵӣλǷᣬ۹
ݴɣ۹ǱǰһСһ½ʶ
룬˵ֶ˽ϪλʦϪ
ᴽߺЦӹ˵ĻǰΣһ֪ˣȻ˵ɹʣ˼֮ס
װ粻ƷǰԴǣ򵥵ͷʾ㲻ٶԣֻϪӵʱһ˿⡣Ǳе⣬һڽ֮еĬ
˫һ󣬵֪ϪΪѰǴ󷽵һȥԼפأͬʱϪҲӶԷеõйؼĻϢ
ԭιѩ쿪ȷʵпּܻﲻ٣Ⱥڴ˵ĿȴֹڴˣҪα׽żңݸƲ⣬żٴ꣬˲ôˡ
˵εż֮ɻʿ룬ԴЩ˶ɽʿǰأ۹˻ؾɽʿ
ҲҵϪãһ·˳ߵ壬ڣҲֲ˺á
˵룬ӷżϢѾ㹻ǻϲֵһżһ㶼вٺöǰļƷǣϪҪļﶼϣ
ȻһҪϢǾϪǰµĵͼǽżԿס
Ҳײ
˵һöԿ׿Դ˽żϪöԼ˽ȥѾǴ´࣬һö
Ϫ˼Ƭ̣ľߺøеķᣬϿڣжĵͼѿȱ
һӦʮָС
ǰһƷʯ
Ѿĳ߼ۣ˵ǳʮˡ
ɽϪǸɴࡣ
ȼʯϪЦ⣬ȼһ߱㽫÷ַҡԼһݽᣬҺڵԾ
ûؽӹ֣һ߰һأԿĵˣһοŵıż档 ΣԲС
ո˵󣬲ʯԸԵؽš
Խһ䣬ɫȴû֮⡣ǰΪһڵ׵ĴڣԥƬ̣뵽ˣǼᶨɫֻȷʵöСġ
ѩ״ĿϪͰת˼飬ʹû£ʱұ㡣ϪϪԲǿŮһΡ
ϪƼһſȥĵĪȵڻ֪ؾΣ˵ЩΪ硣ȥ͵һˣȻֿ;˻ͣС£Ҫ֤ԼİȫĪҪ¡
һرѩģϾԶԷӣѹһԲС
Ϫ˵ʾͬóǰʣ㣬ֳݷָңţԷһ
ؾﴫŷʧЧҲǳеǣһ׼޴

ʱһΣż֮ʱ
ֻ֮ϵȻգ̣Źˮƽ޲ĺܾˮ֮佻صһֻߵľ޴ӻ˯󷢳һ㣬ҡ
һǰ𵴣ԵżĲ֮
ԼĪһʱһӺ䶯ľӺֱƶϣӺ¶Ͽһɼĺڶ
Ƕһ˺ڸһмֱ֪룬ϧδڱ㱻˺ƬʣЩ˼״ٲ
˴һЩɢޣ˲֮ʱƴһѣϧǶˡ
˲пᣬϪֻһ۱ջ񣬰עںĵĺڶϡ
ֻŻһ˿ĶԽ˺Խ󣬴ʱ˺ϱĿȣǵӻڼ˺δǶȶɿСҡ
ڡֻһռǰӿż֮С
Ϫմ˷Ĺ⣬ڿǰһ
еĵͼڶڳһ̾ܵӰ죬ɢһ֮Уʱȶǹ֮иԣٿȻһ̹⽫Ϫڡ
봫Ϳڵһ̣Ϫ㱾ԼƺһʲôȻ壬ǰһڡ


67 
󴦴ĴϪܵظе, кȻһϤ
Ϫ, £ҡ
һģһȵϪС
ܵϤϪ΢ɣǡ
ͬĵشոͻȻһóԡ
˵ԣʵа, ˭ðʧ
ͬ
Ϫһ֮ϢʱԷؾڵĸоԼ£ͷЩȡ
Ϫʲô
㡣Ϫѿڶ
͡Ц, ֪ϪʲôҶ֪Ŷ~
繵βһһµػϪͷ, ƽȶ
, ҡ
ꡣϪ㡭Ҫרġġ
Ϫ˿Լ, ̧ü۹ᣬû˵תΧĻ
˵, Ѵؾ֮ڡ
֮һƽԭȥܾһƬ˸ǣů΢, Ϣ㡣
˷˷ӿĶ⣬Բټһ˿ĺۼ
ƽؽ졣
Ϫһ, ϬΧһϣһ߾һ߱Ͻֲꡣ
ؾ֮ΣأֻһƽӲ˶Сο˵ʵعͷ
ݣƺû档֮Ƿݡ
ۣϪЩĳɡ
õĽһ£˲û˷ŵ;裬Խɴ˵
Ϫ㣬üƣϬһƲݡ
áϪҲԵɣֿ齣ӳһ
ȻĽڽӴ̲ݵһ˲ȻʧǰۼҲδ¡
ݣϪ˵²⡣
ӦòǣҡͷʾԷſֱ֣ڵϣָһ̲ݣͬʱڽ͵ȻҲص㡣ϪΧܸܵ
ôһѣϪԼϴˡ
ףֽŵϪ㣬ơ
˵䣬ָֻһĨֱһ̲ݡ
ͬǰǰ㣬ûб̲գų֮⡣
ȻǻԪݡοϪЦϪ㣬治
Ϫ⡣
ԪǻԪİôһƬԪݣ֪ص²ŶٻԪ롣ȺӵĻԪѲһ֣Ҫ߳Ƭԭѡ
ΪѵĿ֣صԷз˲
ǿ뷨һָָµȷʵлԪ벻٣ܽôһƬԪïܿˣûм

ˣôһѣϪӦԪʯΪ󣬾Ԫ󲻽ƷʸԻ߸мӱĺô
Եǰ˶ûĵԲߡ
ԪȺһ㶼һֻͷ죬Ԫ뱾ѪƣҲֻԪӤڣΪ˱֤ȺľԿƣȺﲻڳֵڶֻԪӤ
ϪʵֻҪ취ҵ֮ͻ򵥺ܶࡣ
Ѿڣôҳλã
ͬʱҲûţܿһֻԪµĺۼ˳⴦ۼ˳ҵһ¶Ѩڡ
Ѿҵ˲óȻжֻھ벻ԶĲݴȫڸסټ
ء
Щϵʽֻһ֪ܵϢĻ
Ӳ϶вͨǵļȶƻΥ˵ҪһȺΧҵжѣʱܲӹԴԴϵ׷˵
ȵȡ
Ϫ˼˵ΪԷ뵽˰취
ӭѯʵĿ⣬һЦСͣˣҪ˵߽⿪ݡ
ɣԳֵʱ򡣴Сͣȣָᰴ˰ԷԴ˵˵ɣųʲô
ˡСſ۾ᣬɫ˳ҿ͵͵ȥᱻֵġ
ţ
СΪţżͣ˵壺ȥᱻ֣ҡ
ϪԱһᣬ˵Ѫ׵£ʱֻ˵պãȴû˵
˲ͬԴѪУǳ̵ѪѣöԵ¶Եа
˲²Ϫֱӿ֤Ѫͨ𣿡
̻ϲͷš
Ȼĵһϲࡣ
صϪѯʡ
СҰ˰ڣµ˵Դ
ڳɳڣֻԼһʵǰ֪ģ˵
ϪĻҲѵᣬ̻һԼڣԶԷ״̬˽һЩ֪ʲʲôת
ʹǸҺϪһȥ𣿡Ͼǰֻ˵ԼԽȥȷһ顣
⻰һޱ仯ϪܸܵԷɫһ˲ʹԴĪʧ䡣
СԲˡ
Ȼˣָ˷ͷƬʾ鲢ûжʧû¡
ο̣תͷϪһĨεЦϪ㣬ǻǵ취ˡ
šϪɣĿ˳ŶԷձߵǳЦƵ̺ĴϣܾﲻԾ
һ˼Ʈţһ뵹û£ܻа취Ҳȷȥ̽̽ڲڳѨģϵĻԪʵߣСЩΣա
Ҳ㣬˳̼뿪
߳λСʱΪ˷Ҳûбȥ̴֮ͨ䣬һ뿪䵽ϣת˲Χһ
ֻǳŶѨֱָһ·̣ԭֱͨȥ;ײһͻԪݵϪһദãҲ˲ۣ˼һת͸⣬͵͵ԪвԼ츳ͨɽ붴Ѩ
Ŀóһ˳ĬƬ̣ȻЩӣҲܵһЩ
ԪʯΪʳȴԪѣ̷ԪݵϢ̵
ϪĻҲֻǻԪݣĶ֮࡭
˶һۣ︨˿ҲͨߵҲ
һԪӤߣһ𵤣壬ôջҲġ
Ʋˣ֮ô⡣
˵ȻܴعȥƣȻҲܲƣؼѡƵĶ
ڴ֮ǰҪ̽Էʵһ㣬г̵İǸʡ˴
ϪƲߵͬʱһ߳˳Ǳ볲Ѩ˵ãҪ׸һλͳ졣
һԪȺУԪ⣬֮λͳ죬ֱͳµҪȡʵԼصĴСӯ̶ȡ
ȥλͳʵڽ۷壬кԵͻƼ󣬱ѵƲסйҵ£ݹҲܶ࿿һҴҽڶں뿪
Ƥ񣬵Ϊ㣬ǿеֿҲǳ״Ҳһˡ
λͳ촦뿪󣬳һ·С̽ѰѨ˸ŻȥϪˡ


68 
ʮͻƵĽ۷塣
û̿϶, еطҶȥֻһҿ, ƺǿ㿴ҵƬˡ
ϪԿ˵ĵطԭƬϹȻּۣΧδȫɢ
ܲȶϪָ⣬ü΢ݣͻƵļ̫ԡ
ȷʵԡ
ţϪűԷָ⣬
ȵĿǻʪָͷ, һĸоָӿβŷſ
˵ˮֹۣϪأ̧ͷβԴȻ󣬵еĴȻ޹ֽȻơ
̬ϪϤİ, Ը, ֻС䡱, ʱ˳, ʱʱġ
£Լһµʽ, ϪĬĬ¡
ƤӲδܵʹָϪ治ɫĿˮãڲˡ
, ҲҪаĳȵشա
ٵġҧεذСһ, һң˵أˡ
ίίءŶһؾһϲ
˻һ£κڳˣһ߲Ҫһ֪Ҫ޸ؽתȥ
̲ҿֻӦþˡɫ
ϪҲ룬δ˵ڵģֻܴԪӤ۷壬ңͻƻ񡣡
ͦ׷󡣡ۡ
ǰԻԪѪ޷ͻƻ˵ʵԣֻҪʮѣ˵һԵ޼øĽ֡
ö֮ûʲô׳ԡ
ؾе޻Ǽʶ٣ǵ㹻ֻԭ򣬲žðһԡ
ԵϪȻ֪µǵĻᡣ
һԷʱҪ㣬Ϊնļƻɹļִࣻ۶Է׳ɹ׽ǿǶԷ֮ʱֻҪץ׼ʱһɱ
ǰ̽ϢһѰһڡ
һڵͳƢԹֱһǻģΡ
ϪѡΪͻƿڵȴֻͳеı졪ǰ֫βһԶ
Ϊ͵޺ޱԶУƬ̶Ϊߵ޺߼û֮ǣҲ彩ֱ֢״
ʹϷҲҪݵЩʶֺķԶ
ջݺǰ½ⶾƻλͳ죬һģ֮ǲбܡ
޴ԵϪеֻǸ̳֮ԼĶţ˵ûаֻɡ
Ϫ˫۱պϣɣҲҶʶֻһϤϤԼڿն𣬶߳𶯵졣
֮ǰȡͬϪϣϪһĶãһ͵͵һ߸н·ߡ
·ۣ߹հưΣΧԽԽŨϪ²Ȼ˳Ѩġ
Ȼû̫ãϪо̧ǵͣԭأǰһ޵ǲɢ
ɢѱʮ΢ϪʶǸԪӤ
ͬʱλͳϢԶӦȥʾ
Լ˰յʱ䣬λͳصϪߡ
ĬƬ̣Ϫ𶯵ԼҲ֮λá
֮ǰǱһȺƽֻ̧к󾱵챻סڿУô
״̬ûά̫ã˱㱻ֱڵϡ
һӺĿ䵽ϡ
תѣֻǷű֮ǰֱעһضأܶҲֻ۾
˫Ŀзŭǿ־ͻţǡʲô
ϪѣһƼڻԪݶϵαԱߵͳҪһȦطĹ´ݵӳ£ұ
ϧԷƤȫ
Ȼǳǡֲڵָ׻ƤŹЦ˼䲻ʡ
һݵֱƹ
ΪһЦתͷԱߵͳ콻ζϲ͸żá
Ƣͦá
һͷˮСȵصתͷϪӡ
ֻæſвݣѶһ߲ܲˣϪֵУ͵͵ֻƤӵ½
ϢӦһաϪ˵ԼƲ⡣
ҾݣͻƣϾһֱһƲҲͦࡣ
ţϣ㡣Ϫ͵
ƤȻصϪע⵽𣿡
ʲô
ֻʯڣȫǼƷʯһԵĿǷ˰
šϪҲᣬϲ𣿶㡣
Ϫá̾Ϫ㣬Ϫģһܺóԡ
šϪ浭ʵȻضɽҡס

ֻʳ飬µڼס
ڶһ޴ĺһӴǴϺŶԲ֮أ޲ܵ
ϪĽܵĳҲӾңƫǰֻˡ
һƻֳۣܵĵӿȥγһ޴С
Ϫɣ屻쫷ѡ
쫷УǣС뱻˺Ƭ쫷ײһֱߵֻͳȵģգۼݽߣΪĩ
һĲһ޿ת׼
ûЩ񣬱ʷһ˲ԶΣա
һʱʱ
ֱ⽫
Ӥ񣬳ɰֻһ˲
ϪĻҲֻһ˲
ͬʱ֣죬ϬһŻԪӤ飬޻ܡ
Ӷң
µĿѣ˻Թ벻ɶһ˲䡣
Ϫӿػƽأֻһһֻǡ
ǼӲĺòϣֻδɹ񣬵ϴӣ֮һԪӤҪϲ١
ϪҲûͰѶᡣ
ӹϸϸһ飬͸㣺Ưָй⻬ůһ¡
˵Ϫһɫµģ
ս˼鿴ǵսƷص
ǰΪ˽ףаһֻϪǰеļƷʯʵʹ
ʣµʯƷʯͼƷʯҲ٣ϪᣬϻΪԲεĳſꡣ
͵ĴռʮִϪԭûлڲʮֿյһЩǳ̣ҲСл
һ޴ԭʱ佫ȥ¡
żͷһؿ˭Ҳ֪ʱ޼ΡϪҪѰҼҲ˷ʱ䣬ͣظһ·ֲ鱦Ҳ˳С
һѰһ·ֹһ࣬ϪȻյѩĴš


69 
ѩʮּ, ƺʲô鷳
ؾ֮ΣأѩΪ, ˲ҵ飬ٶҵԷ
֮ǰϪΪῴʲôѪȳ棬ʵȴֻһֻñĺ׷ϴĪмϲС
һ´򻬣˲䱻˵ڵأͷûȫǿˮ
һı飬ƵζԷ˰Σ۽ȻƳϪӰ
һϪ, ѩˢϣϪϪ죬ڹŪȥ
ѩ붯ȴᰴס, 漴³ĻֱѩһƬ
Ϊ͡
ѩԹ, ʵûаæ˼, ŲɲԸط, ̧צʹһϵļһˣ㡣
веôѩڿˮ, Թվһߡ
ѩһ̧ͷֻŴ, ذ˰°ͽܵСڣյСܡ
˵תͷĺǣ, Сڣ
һֻǹУˣ޸ɲ¡Ȼǰֻ޶̫
ѩҡβͣ
Сãζ䡣
Ϫַ̬ȣֻҪʲô캦¾УΨһĵľǶԷİȫ
Ҫһֱ
ѩԥƬ̣תͷԼСʪĿһͷţǶϲϳȺһֻ޺ܿġ
ԼͬСӵ֮ģϪ㲻ʣĬ¡
ȻҵѩϪ˳ʣûϵ
𰡡ѩһ飬βŤ£ԥԥǰдŸҡ
Ȼأѩʡ
Ȼ󡭡ȻæŵյСܣǱûΣվͰˣϪһ
ģϪȻʷ֪ͬԽһһˣ
ϣ֪ͬԽһĿǱڿأòԶ
ҲԸȥԭ򣬱Ͼôϲ˺ö϶Ҫȥ
ѩ̴þϪȴûôۣȻ֪ںδȻҵ˵
Ϫ㣬ڹȥЦãʯǻһЩʯ
ʯƷµĺöһ㲻ʹ¹⻬ƻıԡ
ǰõ׺ãǹּӲʯŪҺݹɷ¾ˡ
żڲѩ˵ǲԶʵ˷һŵط
ϪϪɲܸ˵Ұ˵°ۿҪˣѩæǰк
ϪһۣĬƬ̲ŵҲ˵
㶨Ϫѩֿᡣ
ǳЦġ
ʲôû˵ԾʱնԷΪɵѩԶΪԷӦڰġ
СڲҵëŸ˵ʲôûɫһ䡣
ǰ治Ծ
ϪҲԣڴ򶷡
ô˶İԽȻС
ΣΪߣϪֻ貨̤˲սߡ
ɣֳǶԤϵ״
ΧŰԽʮˣлһԪӤ˱Ƶĺ޻֮
𻹺ãܿԽȾѪֱͦͦڵϣһ˿
ʹ˽΢Ⱦˡ
䣬˽֣ѩСҲʾ˾ҧ
ϪǵĳͻȻȺ䷴ӦʱһЩ
Խ״ϪԴһƽ𵤣תٻٵ
䵭齣ٴһˣʽУһȻֳָɣĿֱ˵
飬ϪвٿأƬֻ̣һϡ
飬٣ɢһйƤһ㣬˲ݺڵϡ
Ϫûֵİʮ𵤣Ǳ߶ԸǸԪӤԷ˵һŽɱ
ѩ嵽ߣһ͵ҩһ߱Ĩ᣺𣬶Բ𣬶ҲãҪ㡭
ޣû¡ĻһЦοҪ͸ҿˡ
һ߰οѩԽƣ˵֮ǰʹýʱͻԪӤʱһˣܾ𣿡
֪ͷȡһҩӲԽУ£̧ۿŵεû£а취
ѩ˴ϪЦЦԵϪҡ
ţô
ʹý˵ֻҽŸϽԭͻƽӤͻ޸ڰˡ
ŬŬ죬мһ˿ίŭ㿴ģͻƵĿܣֻˡ
˵Ϫ֪ǱһЩΪһЩʲĺİ취ͨΪԷӤ
һ㽫ԪӤӤ׽٣ʵҲԶԶϲԪӤԣ򲻵ѣû˻á
ϪͷԻŵԽȻոոιҩǵҩҲֻϵˣʱά
Ȼûа취İ취Ϫ̾һǱܹȻл˵οؾ֮ͻƣ޷׽٣Ҳһ͡
ϪһȻ뵽ʲô̧ᡣ
϶ͷȷʵе뷨
ɡ
ϪüﵱȻԸԷðգֱʹԼҲá
ǸԽôҪ
Ұ㡣Ϫɫƣвʲ鲻ԸĬԷ
ҷ񣬼ǰؾеջ񣬲󷨵ĲϺܿ롣
᲼ת鶨ӤĸΪĸΪ
󷨲ɣȽԽƵĸ֮Уͽ
Խʶڳ˯ֻһĶãһ߲󷨵ڵĹתһʶ޸ھ
ֻǵһ
˵֮ǰԽǸɸӣҲֻһ޲õɸӣҪһӤԶԶ
Ϫ㣬ҡ
ʱһæϪ
Ϫ⣬ֲ󷨵ĹʱԽѾʱȶϪҪʲôֻҪάֲͺãʮּ򵥡
ǱߣϪȴûɶ٣ϾиҪµ
ýӤİ취ȴĻԽʶսӤһԽԼɡҪһͱ뻽Խ
ԽʹýʶӰ죬ʶԷŻһֱ˯뻽ͱ̼Էʶ
ʶ֮ʿҪԲҲѣȫΣҪ֪̽һ˵ʶʵΣա
һΪ궼Խǿ̫࣬Ҳֻ̼Է޿֮̽⡣һΣԾͽͺܶࡣ
ˣжһ˲ܵ˶Էıܹ
Ϫһֱע᲻¶һֵĴ̼Σ㹦򲻸ˣԽǿ
˵׼Ӥܻ̿Щʹ࣬ҾԱ߿ţҪʱ㣬ʹҲŰӤҽˡ
ջʶ½ϪĹͬʱ˦һʯԽߡ
˳῿Ϫϣϸֳƣ֮ɫȴɵϪҵĸǡ
Ϫסļۣ˾Ъᡣ
šɴӦȫԷ
һе˵ŻһߵԽȴɡ
ҲȽӤֹ޸޸˺ѣ˫ʹάѣӤ
ҶȻ಻ԣȴõġ
ĥԽɹӤϣ궼޸õҪᡣ

ϪֹҪлԽ˯ŵˣˣϢʲô˵
ȻȻԽæͷ
֪Լܺúû˳Ӥ벻˵İим֣ʱȫϪĻΪ׼


70 
ڸʲôϪһʡ
ϪϪѩת, һĨ飬漴뵽ʲô, ǵֱֱ׳ϪϪ𰡡
𣿡
ϪɻؿǸСŪˣβŲҧ۵ҵһϤĸо
ԭںԨǽִ˽ɱǵμҶ١
ǰϪæžˣûעԷҲȺУѩʰսʱֵر¶ԼݣټԽָϡ
ԷԭԴΪ壬벻ײУһȺĳˡ
С, ˡϪѾĥĽٳ࣬òֹ
Сǳѩ
ˣѩ֡
߸ߵĺߵѩűſ£ֿ~
ϪûȤֻ֮£ǣߵϵ˸ǰ
, Էģ, ﱻ˺ز, , ƤµѪ鲼ҧۣѪ˿ź⣬˻Щġ
Ȼ, Ϫ˶һͼɱǵ˲жͬġ
ӶƳ۾ͲٿԼҲϪһץסŪ, Ŀһĵʣأ
˿Ϫ, صˡ
бһۡ
ûƭġѩһͨĥ˴ʱսսһģһͽŵֱ˶游ȥѨˣĶϳΪΪˡ
ĿĳҪƣȺˣ𣿡
һʮæ϶ǣǵģֹҼˣؾеĻʿڴŶѨš
ѹһ·ֻһЩʿԪӤԭĶȥѨҲЩ˿ڣϢͨһͷˮؾкҴת
󡭡Ϫһֱûϵˡ
϶һȥˡ϶Ĳ²⡣
ȻˣȻҲҪȥһֻ֣ǡ
ǵĶԻѩȻҲʱ˿ǡ
ѩһʾһҪأϪϪԼȥɡ
һѱЦݲΣʯûꡣ
Сؽ۰Ͱ͵ؿڰеѩԶ
Խ֮ɫ¶ĵΪͣһ±ǰա
ȻҵĽڲͬϪ֪˶ԼΪ̫ͣ¸ϺȲѡ¡ԴҲûȰ˵ѨǲȥҲá
̶ȥ⣬˳˳Խȫʯ꣬˱ǰѨ
в֮£Ⱥû˵ѡ
Ϫ˸˰·˳ҵ˵еѨһֱûлҲȡϵ
һؾȽһֻռ˶Էѣһһߵ˵Ϣ
ڼ䲻֪ǻǲãһҲļһȺ˿е֪ѨĴڡ

ǿǴ˵еĴڡ
㲻ֻһ˿Ѫ֮͡
Ļ˵ϵˣ͵һȺ޺Ѩ
ˣ˵û뵽Ⱥ㲻ãһСƶѣôöûá
ҵŰɣ˵иڵ󷨴ʦо¾ƽ⡣Ʋ죬Ⱥ޵Ч֮Աǡ
µҲãǲ֪ؾʲôʱرաĵǡ
˭֪أνҿȺһƵӣû׼ܳŸء
ճӣû⡣
ϪỰеԥ̽ʣȥԣ
ûȷشֻ˵ȿ
Ϫս֣ѹãǾȿ˵
⣬˱ͬ¹Χת˸飬ƸҲԴ˴Ҳд˽⡣
˵ЩŹ֡ܿˣüĽ壬ϸᣬҵĹ۲⴦Ƶ˸ԭһȻγɵ󷨣ڲ⴦ʱǳؼã˽һƸΪӶ䣬Ҳƽ⡣
ҡְ̧סԼĿڣɫ
ţϪۺǡ
֪ΪΣͻȻЩ
˵ţһ󻶺˳ˣ
ԭЩѾɹƽ˽ơ
Ϫ¶֮ɫ֮£ǶǸᡣ
ǲžԣǱ߾̴Ϣδɺϡ
ô룿۲Χ£ˣ˵
˳˼Ƭ̣ͬʱڣȥ
ű˴һ޵ļᶨϪͬʱһЦ漴ͬһŽڵķƶ
*

󡣡
ϪòӦ㲻ٰ׷
ϿŵͬҲûзӦϪ΢΢ȻѨؾƸ
֮ǰؾʱͬǿ͵һڽڴΪ⣬編ƣȴûϴεĺ
ϵ޹Ϫʼ
ע⵽ԼƺҶ֮УŵĵطҶĵһʯϣ˹۵ҽ
Ϫҽϸ۲ΣȷЩҽڲǣֻ²ʱͻûʯһɡ
ͨҽϪǲ£ʲôŹ֡ȻйŹ֣濴Ҳʲô
ͻԡ
ͨ
һȥˡ
Ϫӡ
һݡ
ûӦ

Ŷ˺üûƳʲôϪòԼǷ롣ȫʶɨȻǾֶ߱깵ʬ
ʬûôù󣬻Ϫ᲻٣ǰ⡣
ٿؿھϪСؿƿ䣬ӽҽ㡣
硣
硣
һ硣

ʬĽŽҽҺʱȻӿӰʬʬס
ǺӰϪûסʬסʱӴȲŽջء
ۼʬգסĺӰֻòʲԸط֣ҽ档
Ϫʬ漸ûºۼֻںӰӴĵطԼһʪϢϪûüоʲôɢˡ
ϪΣʬظ֮ǰĶ
ȻǵϢʵ̽Ǻ
˼֮£ʬա
˵ΪϪǺ׼ȫڻ֣ȻԼⲿһ棬Żȥ
֮ͬǰһ㣬ĽŽҪҽʱȻܳӰϲ
ǻ˸ʣӿĺӰ֮ǰıֹ
ϪһֱעŽŵ׶ںӰӿһ˲ԣȻӦټʱмӰסСȡ
ף
ûԤеһϸ΢
ϪͷһƣСϵļӰеһŵĽζ
֣СѾһˣζ
֮Ϫײؽ֮Լ»
Ȼ֪ʲôͺöԸˡ
Ϫ룬
ŵײŵʯȻѣصҽѸӿԭǱҽ֮еĺӰҲһ˲бֱϪ
е鼸һ˲ɣ˿Ϫһ㷴Ӧʱ䡣
һ˲ҽûҶһž޴ĺӰΰסˡ


71 
ʷɲ, Ϫȼһ⣬˹ĺӰһӴɫ, ȼĻһһӡ
ˣȼյٶȴȲϺӰӿ
ڻ֮£ϪһŵĽζȻ껹ԴԴϡϪֻζӴ
һһ顣
ϪĶľڵҲס
ǷоͷʱΧƺյָһ㣬糱ˮȻȥ
ǰӰɢ, ΧĻҲ֮仯
ǰʯҽͨͨȡ֮һƬںڰеĿյԭΧûйϪϵĻ
һļžƬռ䣬ߵط·ؼֻϪһˡ
Ϫֻ֪Ǳѡ
ӽҶʼ, ֱӵĲʸ, ֮ҶһָоԽȷ
ͻȻıʡӰ״, Լڴ˵, Щٿ֮һֱڶ
ڣסȴûϵɱЩ, Ϫ¶Էɵ
Լˣ˿ҲɣϪ, Ըʱ䡣
ָԷԳٳٲ, Ϫòǰɷһ
굹мֱ¡һͳӵ𣬻дŭ⣬֮ǻһǿϡ
ɽѹһ㣬ϪȻڵء
Ϫ֪Լ䣬ֻҧأϽѣѪӲһһ㽫ȳֱ
ˮѪˮ͸ֱϵԶࡣ
Ϫֱͦͷǰһ
оʧϪһĶˡ
Ȼ𡣡ֺּʣ˵
ϪճֵӰһò毺õŮӣһγĵöԷ߲ʣָ߰׵
ǰ
ŮӾԴϪ֪ţ
֪Ϫʵش
֪ŮӵɫݵŤһ˲ָ߰˱壬ǰɽ硣ǰһöѪڴˣͻʣȥδ
ͣ£ϪӦ
ȻϪķӦûзӦ
գԹ˽ȥΪʲףѡ
ǿǿȴ͸ǿҵġңҡɫ
Ϫ
˵ԷʱϪпܱƭλߵݼʵأڱıʵΥװԻ
ǰ𡣡Ϫ̬ȷܡ
ûõԤеĽЩ־⣺޶Լ߽ޣЩ˶ΪΪ䵭
ΪΪ
Ϫ໳ɣôŶԷĻûб¶˵Ϊ£
ң
ˣȻһƣЩȷʵΪ͡
Ϊϧкǿ
֪Ϫɫ䣬һβģ
һĳ嶯Щͣɣ겻ԷƱѡ֮ˣలġ
׼ǿǿˡ
Ϫ䣬弱еıѾȫȷԷ˾ٲ⣬Ȼš
ٴαزϴǰ̽ȣȫءϪɫҰ׵ؿͲźϣ
ǧһ֮ʣϪƴȫͻһСӡ
µ˲䣬ϪĿͬʱξѪͷĻַ¾Ѫ
ֻԭԵùֽСȻ׳һҧеӰ
󱲺θңһ£ٿϪԱߵĻʱٲǰºͣڶļɵҲ׳֡
ԭŶԷϪϵƻ𣬴ʱѾ档
ǰȥѪϪԪˣɫ籡ֽǳһҵȴЦɵ𣿡
ԸƭɲԸƭ
꿴ˡЩź
ϪĬֻĶȻʹԷ˻
Ϫ˵ȴŹպ岻ɣֻв֣겻ã֮ȴ̡
˵Ϫһ˲漴滺ɫ
ԷвҲظ˵ôĴǣһռðֱˡ
ʵҲϪ²
ϪͬŵͬʱҲ˳йŹ֡û䱾⣬˴˵ˮҲ̫࣬һƴ֮
ͬʱӲ磬һͷۣһ߲ģ
ȻϪûһϵϵʱʱŷ
һʱκβãֻʱβܣתȥ˵ꡣ
뿪ϪΧعڰž
֪ԼУƽȴһ⡣
²ǵȻϰ취
֮ǰźڰϪ˵ʵȻ
ԽҪ˼Խ࣬ͬʱССͬķĵľǲһ㣬סϪ󷨲̫
Ϫһһؽ󷨿ռڷоָСӹһ
취䱿ЧȴǺõģһһҹݵŬ˺ü죬ڳɹ󣬼
ƿ󷨣ϪŷԼվһƬɭУνѨʵýƽؾ֮һһ֡
гϪûмˣѰһȫشϢɫָ糣Ŷȥᡣ
һ·ˣϪʬ壬ȴûôϪúµǣЩȥ˶һͬʬãȴʧӰ١
һ˾ˣһȺ˶㣬ôòԾ
뵽壬Ϫðһʡꡣ
ͬ˻޲ͬǣʽҲͳ֮෴Ψһ;ꡣ
Ƕꡣ
һʼǸƭ֣ǣ˶ǶԷϡ
ǰ׷ŹֻסϪЩ˼飬ڿԷΪʱ˵꣬ʵ׳Լ֮
²£пʵ
ϪûʵˣҲԸԴСȻԵУô˵ʵҲǺܺõİ취
ϪˣܾµĶʩԮ֡
һ·һ·ѰˣڼϪҵ󣬷ᣬ֪⽫ԶԶֿԭһֱ˲档


72 

ϪһѱסδüӦİ, һֱ¡
յѰĴһʼƽýƣΪԷҪǰ͵͵
֪ԷĲ, ˳˺һᣬЦſڣϪôˣⲻǺúõ𣿡
úõġ
Ȼ
Ϫɫ͵͵뿪
һ˲漴ǵЦݣ˵ȴϪϡ
Ҳɵӡ

ı鼸ѣɵضϪ˰Σз, ᷢʲô˰ɣӦûаɡ
ϪɵķӦʱġ
ûСʸڷϣ飬ûôϪΪʲôô˵ңǲˡ˵ʲô
˵߾ϪһȦ, ͼҵһ, κγһ, ʣµЩʵûĸۡ
Ҳ, ֻźʽˣϪ, Ҳˡ
ǵȣٶһίˣϪǿţš
Ȼ, ϵţʵʵж, Լٶ㡣
粨ȥ˭Ҳ֪˴ʲô⡣
ͬʱһѵȵЩͷ
ʦ㡣
ͻأżϤ
ʦܡϪ
ֻᣬûôϸŵˣڲŷֶԷҲȺС
ţ
Ϫ֪᣺һֱͬһ𣿡
ǡϣ;ϣʦܣǿˣѡ
Ϫܣ˵Ź֣ʱѣĻֶ֮Ī⣬в֪ԷкκδʹҲ̫ˡ
˵ĻҲԴǣĪоʦĻ
ооûɵ˵ֻ֪
ʦ˵ǣʱĻ˶ʱֶԷƺܹƻǡʹֶοǵеˣδûпܡ
ŶֻܿǣԾȡ
ֻϪҲ֪һ·µУҲû˷¡
Ϫɫ뿪˵ء
˶飬ҵȫ֮ܿ˺󣬼˲ſʼ鱨
ڴ֮ǰϪһһҽмŮˣǡ
ʦģҶѼû⡣æ塣
װ΢ͷûжԣλ۹ĹЩ΢ְʲôûпڡ
Ϫ֪ԼΪͻ˶Է죬ʶûнʶԷʲô֤ΪƽҲƽɻ֤
ЦЦ⣺ʦ㡣
˵˶֪Ǳ˵ǿ󣬴ʱҲ˲СڣȽһͷ֡
ϪƾֵֺãҲ
˵ᣬ⣬ų겻壬ܷΪԼټЩоʶϪҪ缸ѡ
˵ûʲôһƤⱾԶԵѶȫƾԼһ
йȻһۣ󲻽壬Щ˷ܣǼһﻹһˣ겻
֮뷨һΪذһ۴϶Է룺ˣˮ
Ŷɵǣ̶ʶԼƭŭص˵ˣСӣˡ
ϪסĿ⣬ѵǰڡ
һԱˣ鲻Ըض㵽һߡ
˵˵ˣӵ²ܡ
СҲ˵Լķ֡
УװΪԵֻͣǽ𵤣׷ɱΪɱ¾ɱֹɱ󱬷ŵȡ
˵İ취Ҳմһߣǰײùһݷ޴Уоһרſķ׭
÷׭æԼѣѹ
Ŀ⼾ͣ˰ֱ̣Ϫջء
ֻǺʦ˵ķ׭˵֮ӦаϪһ͡
Ϫ۵״ǳǳЦ᣺ţ϶뷨
ὩЦ
ʵãץסǸʣ˷ֿʱϪʲô¶ԷͻȻзļ
֮Ĳΰӿ˵ǰ˵ƻǵĻǿտڲ²⣬ӪȰʱֵġ
ΪֿͣҸϵʱȻ֧Ųסʧر˿ӣϲңƷɱҡҵҼʱѰ÷Ϊָܻ꣬ǡ
ڰ֮ұۡʼûк״ֱº󣬲Իǵˣвͬ
ҾȰʱձ꣬ңж֮⡣ȴǼȫͬһ˱һɱһ˱Ҵ˺󲻾úȻָ
ѯʱԼֺʧءڴ֮ΪҲȷʵû¶κҲ̽Է꣬ҲԼûκβԡ
ˣȻ޷лɡ
ݻ˻ȡ֣ö˵˵Ϫһ죬Ρ
ȷʵЩ֣ǵСΪϡĽʾͬ
ϪҲͬ°ע⼴ɣȲҪݾߡ
ͷҲ˴㡣
˵ֻ꣬ʣһˡ
ǻ壬ؾ֮ǰ˽⣬˵Щ˱ΪѨ״Ҳ׼ܻ֡
ѿ˵ϪǵǰĻѾȷԷ⣬ǰи˽֤һ¡
һϵƣûв˽ɡ
˵Ҳ㲻ʲôܡЩ̵Ҵ嶼֪һǰ֪һڱɱ¾ñĻ̡̻ڵʱһλɽٴܵ֯£λԤΧɱ
ȻǱʵǿλΧɱԲ·磬һ·򵽹ѩ죬λĴۣǿڹѩڡ
˫£֪ԼӲǱһ֮ضϹѩ죬Ϊɱؾڡ
ǿǰϾصʹλ߱ͨ죬Ҳѻ
άؾþؾ֮գǶȡʬ֮ʱԭڽⲻܵȻ׵
ɫ΢죬ſ⡣
͡ЦһֵѪֱԾǣҪΪĻӣڼ壬޹ʹֶΡ
ҲѪŷǿʳԼ޵̬
ǰ¶䱸֮ɫ
ۼձ䣬ϪòԴƽ֣һϯ꣬кȻһõĲ²⡪ûɢ֪ʹʲô޳ɶꡣ
꣡
⻰һ˶ˡ
ЩУϪĽӴܿû¡
Ϫ϶֮ʱһ档ǿ󣬵Ҳ겻ɢʵԼʵްɢ֮⡣
ҹϣж֮;Уַʿʦԣʶд˲²⡣
Ϫ֮ԣǰ˾Ųʮˡü΢ҲЩǰԹᣬֻЩ˶ı󡣡
ʵϲҲˣһ׷ɱ
ˣټƽҲ޼£ڰǰֻ·ҪôҪô
ӿ²СЦµû󷨶Ȼм裬֮ǰĽҲ£νƳֻҲЦһǾʱˣ÷ʳˣǿӽЩ˷Ž
˵Ĳȴʵ
ȻˣǾս
ңǿŹֽǰĻԵ˵Ҳ᲻á
˵սҲиƻ
һȻͬǰϪˣֹʵһ


73 
Ϫ, ¾ۼһУ඼ܹǵİ, ˵һݸм֮ڣ˵ؾͻıҲЩ˲Σ
˵ԣǿĺ󣬶ľ˼ƻ˳ԸҲ뿪һʱջг
µ˼Լң⣬Ⱥֻʮ˸, ʣµȫԪӤʿ
󣬾˷ΪŸСӣÿʿͷһб䱸һʦ
ϪԳһӣװ۹Ķߡ
ʮСŲͬķ, ֻҪ, е, ܾȼˡ
, ¹ȥŵҲǧˣʿһٶ
, ˶ֹ֪ۡ
ż⣬ۿɼһȺˣؾĻʿûҲǧ, ԪӤʿǶ಻ʤЩˣ֪ϢѨĸռݴ롣
, ǼĻ˺ʬıʮһ
ȻҵҲϪЩǰӷġ
ԣʿͺñһͣʣµԪӤʿֻˣʶǰЩ˵ССﲻϹڣȶԷڳЩҲ͵ͷˡ
ʵˣû˱ԹΨڴ֮ǰ취Լ
ҹ᲼󷨣˸
±¶Լĵƣ˽أҲʲôʱˡܿȺˡ
һȺ׸Ҳʮֲӻܶؾˣûһö
Ϫ˷й֪꣬ǱЩǰ̬ˡԭҲûָǣ˵Ҳˡ
ƽϪſڣǶпãվδɳǶʵֽһ󲽣вֻ¸С
ϻǶԵҲЩ֮ϲҲЩ뷨ԽʱҴչһʱա
Ϫ꣬ƺ¶ĳ־ģҲŵϪ㣬ͬһչء
Ϫ۾һԭЩǣôһ˵һ˿Ҳûˣھıչء
ֿ꣬
ǻԼΪһʱ˶٣翴ˡ
úϪ˸֮ͬѰһȫؿʼչء
չǰϪֻΪҲ᲻ô˵ʱԷ˵ĻȴЩɵۣ˫˫ޡ
ϷΣϪΪԼƤȻౡ˿ԾɱŪ࣬˵˳
ôСϪԸ⣿תȻɣָ̧Ϫ°ͣʻһ䣬ٲΡ
Ը⣬ȻԸ⡣Ϫæͷ³ֶٰԷı⡣
°͵ϻԲָײƤ⣬ͣڵɫĴϡ
Ϫͷһۣˣ⣺Ȼָˡ
֪СϪ㡣ճЦü۽ȫ⣬㿴ⲻ̹״ӿСϪĪҡ
¶ȥųϣ̹ס
ϪΣöԷް취ԭһ궯벻ױ仰߽⡣
СϪţ
㡣Ϫסҵ֣ʵʲôʱָģ
ˣͿʼˡ
һϰ桢ִ֡
޼Ľ޸ǽһϰӵ¡ƫִʧķĳ̶ȡ
濴ָ£ʵ²׷Լƭ£ʧǰԼӱΪܼһ飬ܲѺá
ںĻ˼˼Ҳûоʱ䣬ǴӿջһָһЩȫˡ
͵ϪһۣûرӦż˵û㣬Ǿʱպã̰áòͬݺСϪദмʲ𣿡
ʣͬݡ
Ϫˣϲɫݣ
Լʱѩ½̲ģȻǲ£ǵˡ
ϲʲôͦʣû
Ϫ״֪ԼˣԼûյæտڷϣûС
ǶϪһʵ˵ţûԼѡһƺԷ׷ԼƭΪ˻Ļҳȥ
ˣСϪעЩ޹ؽҪˡ˫ϪĲӦùע˫Ϊ˵أ
˵ġϪֿʼ죬ͷ־òףǻΪе´䣬˫ޡ
¼Ȩ𣿡һʵжѹȥסԷ졣

ˮݽӵУϪѰſ϶üۼо᣺ǡ
ûпǡɫе棬СϪҺò¶ģֻһλᣬȷҪܾң
ʲôģʲô᣿ͨͨ˵ƫְѡϪǰ
ɶˡ
ĵ£϶ˡ
Ϫֻ֪Լٸ˵һһϣġ
áָȾ̺β
ϪɽͰʪģȻһֱ˵޼ʮֿ£֪Сˡ
ûиϻռֻʣˮڵϸ΢졣
ӿ֮ʣϪоԼĽ𵤷·һ˫ıסǹܺõػȣ̲ס˿ࡣ
ƺ֪룬ֵ˼ڽϡ
Ҫ
еĿʢ
Ϫӣ𵤵СˡԪӤ
İ֮һģһľݣ˫΢գųֿɰ
Ũ֮ͨԪӤͽڣͬʱһ֮ҲСԪӤ̵СԪӤβ΢΢죬ò
СϪҰ㡣ϪԷ˵Σġ
˵૳׿ۿϪ飬Ϊ侲Գ֡
һ̣ϪΨѭþԷҲһڽԼĹѪ
δоԼ㿿ԷֻҪһͷͨȫԷ˼룬һƾܴﵽĸо
Ҳ㡣Ϫء

ֲ˵Ƿˣ鰮˿ƲסŻ˼ղֹס
˱չҪľΪֽףʱͣһŷ⡣
Ȼ˵ϣ˫ܻô洦ҲΪ
ǵΪ˻ֹסԾ
Ҳ̫ˡβ³һпѹǰЩͷϲ¯
һȲ˫޼ǵΪ˭ܾܾΪķʽأ
ҲֹΪϪ֮Ҳ˫еõ⡣
ˣʹ֮壬Գ㱻һɴ̹ǵϪڵ֮ͷһᵽůĸо
֪ˣ֪ˣαء
ԼԻͬѡ
꽻µӰ컹ڣϪһʱ뷨
ŶԷĶͷһһҴӲԲңҲӲη鷳ҵ𣿡
Ůĳȶ̣Ƶ͡
סẬüǳЦĵʾҵС޶ϲˡ
ţϲˡϪܻ̹Լİ⡣
ıǼ⣺ôôɰţСϪϪ㣿ҵСޣϲôУ
˵һһת˼ѳֲס
ϲ
ڵϷϣϪкܴռ䣬Ǹѧһ
أϲô㡣ȵִڶԷϸϣҴ󣬽С㡯𣿻ǡ
Ҫˡ
мܲס취ֹķȿȣˣǸ˵ˡ鰮ãȴɳڴˡ
ðɡϪЩʧҲ֪˺˼㹻ټ
Ŷ˶ӹ״ָơ
Ϫݵû⣬һ˵£ԭǿдʹóЩͷ㷳ŵȥˡ
¶֮ɫɲĿġ
ȻСϪץʱɲҪǵСϵϡ
Ϫͷ㿪ʼ
˵ȡʯʼ
ǰһսϪͷѪǿд߷Ҳ⼤𴫳С
СӿϪ֪ؾеõĻԪʯеĻԪ֮
⣬ϪС죬ھѪĪô
ˣϪǰ˵İ취ԼתԪ֮ͬʱ徫ѪιԴ˴ﵽ߷׵Ŀġ
Ҳա
ʹϪ⣬֮Ҳ֧ܳŽ׺һףҲ̵ʱڽԪӤ
Ȼ񼫺ûҵĸóȻס
ȫһѭ
оһֱԱߵˣϪֻ̾ϣ˳ҵɡ


74 
ԪĻԪʯһĻԪ֮, ֻ֪Ԫ֮𡣲з𡢻޻֮࣬, ȼ
ȻùãҲʮֿ̡Ԫֱ֮ӱգ˽ȡʦɴ𵤣ա
Ԫ֮ʯڵһ𣬲˵ȡҪķѶ˵ƴ𵤣ַ̺, Լʦɡ
ķ࣬Īץιȫǵòʧ
ѹַʧ
취ãϪȴѩ̿
һ, ûа취ץһιСӣ, , Ҳ޷ܡ
Ԫ֮ȴͬ, ȡԪ֮ĹͬʱҲǴĹ̡ͬôҲɴ
еĻԪ֮ȻȻ֫ٺ, һϪͲٽеĻԪ֮ȡ
Ϫƺٶȣ֤ɲǲ׽ɢĻԪ֮, ͬʱҪֹӴЩԪ֮
Ϊˣòֳϰϸ˿, ʶҲֳһһƣסе֧
˲䣬ͬʱͬӥ㣬׼ݵشһ뵵ץסԼŽϪǰ׼õԪּ֮һֵץ
ǧϰٱظͬһֱ̣ϪĶﶥͣ¡
ʱԪеĻԪ֮ҲָϸһСɣԶٵԪ
󣬼һʱ
ϪоＫޣǿȡҩϢ
ỹ´ŶԷ˲δͬһңϪƬ̱صԼ
ȡԪ֮Ĺ󣬶ʱϪٽȡʱ䣬ȽпռĥĥԼ
ձϪʱ伫٣ʹдбҲͣļĿҪԶ
ʦΪʦϪҹԼա߲ݵûҲɡʦļʦмְա
ɹףƴҲȫûпܡ
СӸĴ𵤵ûеȼơ֮˵ҪʦƣһΪƴҪǿʶֻʦ㣬ַҪԽ߽׵ĵַľϸҪԽߣ𵤵ӣ侫ϸһֻϵʦܴﵽ
ҪǰϪΪֻн𵤣ȴܴﵽԪӤʿǿȣҪࡣ
ںߣ֥ĵ߽ףַϱѰʦ֪٣ټϴбİ㷴С⡣
ˣϪҪγɹƳļļʦ
֣֮һΣһֻţļ̤뵤ʦ֮С
ʱϪҩ˲٣ļҩȴٳٲͻϡԼԼȱ˵㶫ȱǵ㾿ʲôȴôҲ벻ס
֥µıʼǣҲֻ˵ļһ֡ĸо
Ȼ֥λţΪʦϣмǷȱ
ϪɳΪʦ̶ܴϻۺͿ̿еľƿûʦҲֻܽͻơ
ļ
ĸоָʲô
Ϫһ鳢ԣһ鿽ʡ
ûд𰸡
óҩļҩͼͨȽеĲ𡣽Ȼû⣬ʧˡ
ʲô
ֱͣϪûͷ
ϪǿоɥʱΪ֮¶ɥ
ῴ棺ҵСˣ˵һ˵ҿԸ㽨ء
Դ˫޺̬ΪͬƺŵÿҲͰˣ»ʱʱѡСޡĳƺϣҪӸҵġôô
Ϫ΢ȣ
˵Լ⣬ûָӶԷлô𰸡ֻѩ˵֮䲻ϪΪȻе·ֵƺҲһ̹¡
һҶĲࡣ
ϪԤϣʧ
˭֪ԷһתֵҵʶޣżȻ˵ҪļȵԼĵ򡣾罣޽һ㣬ҲԼĵϪ㲢Ե˵͵οͺá
ãִ֪硣ϪͷȴƿĿ⡣

֣ʲô
ûСϪҡͷ
㡭
ȻͻȻ˵㶺Ū˼˵Ҳҹϵǳǿ̫ǿոң˵仰ͳֲֹҲ֣ͬ
⻰ٲΰ롣
ȷʵһ޺ѣҲȷʵйִֹϵ˵˶Ϫ⣬밵ʾԷ˴ˡҪǸռ䣬ճ̫Ǻ¡
ϪûԸʾ˼ȴһ
ѩᣬһħʥŮᣬ֪Ķ࣬ΪרŽһ
ټʱʸϧֱʸáʱˣϪԼҲǣڿɺãԷ
Ķ࣬רΪǽݲؽ֮д
˵󣿡һ²ŷӦʵֻգա
Ϫ@&*
ûı飬ڰ֮ǰ֣ˣƭġҿǰԼȫˣûб㻹֪ţҵСޡ
֪㡣Ϫɫ֪˵Լ˵Էû롣
һ仹ãǶ϶ϲţò˵һ䣺Щһʱ˵պصԻס
֮ŲͬЩȷʵ˵̫ף᲻Ϊ˸飬ѻ
˵һҪͬ
ı࣬ϪҲԴ˵
֮ҪħһˡᶢϪ۾ǿһ˻ȥ
ô˵֪ΪκȻУǰ˵δȻ
ϪǾ䡰ҺһظС
ΪΣ
Ϊβ㡣
Ҳڵӣʺϳħ޵ĵؽ硣
ϪȻţ޺ħ޲δݵĵز
ûвݣʵϽħڵĹϵϻΪѺá
ðɡЭһɣʵϪ̫ħ㶮ģûʲôڲ٣һҲע㹴ߣ񲻵
Ϫˣ࣬Ҳ֡
ʣ¾ʮ˷֣ٽȻҪҵΪɶˣŸûȥ׼׵ˡԭûôģⲻ˫޵ĹϵΪ̫û취αչ꣬ˡ꣬ʮҲпܣϪ㼴ʹȥҲҡʱϪֻһ˴ħڣԣĵϪ㱻ߡ
Ĵ۾װϣûа٣ͬʱҲװŲݸĵļ
չؽףǳֺɡ
Ϫûкֵأ֪ء
áϪĬòŵͷһء
ԡЦеһڣ˵ˣڸ㲻ˡ
һҹȥ
ϪĵõֻˬȻˡ
ŶԷıӰϪùͶʧС
û
һֵ˼⣬´ʰɡ
ջ˼ϪյԪ֮ߺֽ봫пռϰ
֮ǰԾδ⣬Ƿĸ
ʵʶһһ֡
һĵǷֲԣʹںϲҩԣطŴֲԡ
ļϵĵҩֹԳɱҩЧҲʵı仯֮ٵżתﵽЧ
ԣԵıǶĸϪˣֻĹһ֮ʹҩγԼȻܳɹҩ
ļԪϪ֮ǰѾڴпռģأÿϸڶָơ
еֲḻϪȡһԪ
ʱ󣬵¯ʮöԪڵ¯ײɹļʦ
ݵظһ̣Ϫûа״ּͶ֮С
ǵ֥ļǡֲԳԹƣϰУĵϽĵҩȶһöƷ
ͬʱԪ֮ĽԼ˫ҲڳϵؽС
ȶһΰȥȡĻԪ֮ԪϪڴпռжԴ𵤵Ҳﵽ¯ĵز
ȷûϢϪ׼þ;ʽƴ𵤡
ҩĴ𵤣ϪѾģǧΣڴԪ֮ʱȻһ΢Сʧܴɡ
ڶΣϪȡϻصĽѵСģʧ󣬵Ӧʱ˳ɵȻֻöƷѾ㹻ˡ
ΣöƷ𵤡
ĴΣɵʮö

һαһνֱɹƷ鵤
ˣ͸ʽˡ


75 
Ժ, ˲ٺöЩȴδȫ, 𵤵֮һǰæʡ
צĻһ𵤼£һ̣ԭĻһˢˢ֣ųһţƺھܼʹ
Ϫޱһ壬ܸ֪֡
˵ʵʹֲȥ, ۶ûգеĻԪ֮ȫպ̶һš
ظУ𶼱ľֻʣ»еĶ
ĴУԭʮֽСĻøʵ, ɫҲǳɫΪЩѩࡣк˴еĻԪ֮, ıԵ볳һƫİɫ
Ȼ͸, Ϫȴ̺ڲǿƻ, ˵΢ĺг໥໥档
ڡ
Ϫ˫ַɿָĿ, ƳͷѪ
ѪҺܵĻϣ̵죬ϸСĻȻǴ, ſ޿ڽϪɡ
һ̵ůУϪʶһڡ
һƬպĴ, ϳ⽹չĴ̱ζīڵŨڱգؼŻζ
ΨһݵĴʡ
ϪʣۻߣһһӹƬݵĴأƺҪҵʲô
ߡߡ桢桭

۽ǵبһðŨ̵ĿľľδϨĻڼᶨȼšȻľһˣһŴСѿǿ̽ͷ
ѿ˲䣬ϪԼҪҵĶʵǿ͸վ
һѿĳ֣Ÿðͷѿɲľ
ľһķݳ֣Щɴ䡢򡭡
Ĺ¼֮µĶת¿Ļ䡣
ϪһԹߵӽǼ֤ⳡԽǧľޱ䡣
˵ĳξѴľʹôϣ
ڤڤУ·֪ʲôȻиǰʶȻ룬»صԼ֮С
ɽ׵صϵƤ㱻űյδɢ
ϪͷشӴȡ´ϡ
·ֻ΢С£
ϪԼԴüëĿⰵ
㾽Ҳֻвܿʱ
ƫƫ˾У·֪һ㣬ʱ
ɵϪתȦָͣ⣬Ϫֲⶶ˶ʹδɱǰ
ˣ
ͬʱһͷ
ڵϪǲֲ
ڵϪȴǵԼµģԷ
СϪ㻹𣿡⣬᲻ô̽غһ
Ϫ԰ģҵ飬æص£ѳɹףҹΪɡ
лӦģ㲻ٴš
ڣϪ뿪ȡҺ

ϪѾǵڶ졣
ĳҲ־Ŷ˱չؽ
չڼ䣬ϪᲢȫʱʱͻᷢ˵¡
ܶвס׷Ѱ˭ֵʲô˵ıλŮ޳ܵİԶС
ʶ˳źҲֻ֣˵ûٹܣȥľۼؿ
˵ĵطܻи󣬴ȥԭֻʱۼĵط˿ٲȻѾΪһСʹ䡣ΧһʱС
ۼش󲿷ֵ˶ѰȥˣʣС˻ˣΧڽе̯λ
۵ҩ׭Ĳһ㣬ȥΪ֡
Ϫ״뵽ϰĵҩ⶯
Ҳȥ
ãȥûʲôö
̯ĶԪӤʿöУûϵģϵ˼ҲԸڳ
ϪջһЩֲ֮ǰչصġ
һֹ꣬δϻֻһǵȡ
һʱ£ϪѰ˿յأϳĲڳҩ֧̯
ղŹ۲ش鵤Ԫһظ൤ҩϪС
鵤ô̯λ֧˹ˡ
ǸŮޡ
ϪǳǳһۻصʯֻҪֲҲԡ
áʽŮϰΪ
㻻һƿ鵤ͺãƿᵽı⣬̧һӳһֲģЩܻٵҩ
ϪƣŮóĶУֲԼʮ꣬ļֲʮ꣬弶ֲʮ꣬ԼһӰ˵Ķ
ϪϵľЩֲӼƿҺͼʯͷʣµʾԷջȥ
Щ͹ˣʮƿƿļһ˿ͣٸЩŻݡ
áŮһնһؿʣĵҩţȥ˹
Ϫͷÿɷͬ˭ԣڶԷ֮ǰҲ
ȻϪûôá
˱Ͳ̯࣬λƫλãֱŮ޻Ҳûӭڶˡ
ϰ壬ѣҩġŮ޴кͷһƣŸʲôѶóǵһٲŶǲǣ
Էһģû뵽ӻͦ𱬡
Ϫɨһۣ༸˷׷óֲһ˶ԷӦĵҩ
ϰջ𣿡ǰŮ޶һ䡣
һϪûȷ𰸡
ðɡ
ûԷʧϪתͷԱ߰ŵ᣺Ǹ̫ˡ
ʲôñǸġʧЦСϪĵҩôܻӭҸ˻أԺҿɾ͵ŵʦˡ
Ϫͷãһᾡ
Ŭü䣬գǵȥ󡣡
ˣ
š߱ߴ𣬡õˣ˵кϢ
ϢϪҲʼˡ
żʿʧ⣬Ƕȴ伣һ㣬ûֹ
ǵȻǺ£ҲǾԣԷһֱڰŲֻ֣ܻ̻̲աҪǣܴȥؾڿǵҪԶؾˡ
ԣƽճѰһԵҲѰټҲΪԭٳٲ顣
񣬶Է˵кϢĪˡ
ֹϪ룬Ҳͬ뷨
ʵҲ˲²ǰ㡣
ǰһʿڶѩɽʧ٣ȥѩɽΧû޾סĺۼᣬΧϲ޴ţǶϰԡ
ȽԼЩӵ١
ҲֻǿܡһתϾҲûҵϳǡ˻ѰǼʧٵˣʲôҲ˵
֪¼ãû˵ʲô
Ϫתһ£ǰ֪ʦʲô
Сӡ˶٣ǲŶˣСҲѩɽء
ҲǱߣϪ΢ԼǰΡ
ʱһβ꣬Ϫ˴£˭αչػٶΡ
ξǼֵμ߲ûˣֻһ߾޴ʬ壬һۿȥͷ
Ȼȫ˳ͼӲۼףϪѲ³Ǿʬ¾Ҫҵ
ϪԼδ඼һԤԡ
ֻҪмڣǳҵǶꡣ㣬ҲͲҪǲʲô
⣬ϪԾܾȥѩɽ飬öսʼ֮ǰЩҩ˽
ֻһ죬ܾҲν
Ჵ⡣
*
˼սչĶսϪʱûѹƵҩƷʣСֽ֮ƷȶƷżӼƷȻƷŲ۳Լ
ʱϪͬȥ֮ǰȥļа̯֮Ϫרע֮ڶǰ֧̯ӣ
Ϫ䣬ʵȴ˵
ᰮЦһ츳˼֮ϲƵֻʣãǵһƬ
̫̫ˣҺòѰĺöֻܻһƿԪɣǵһհ̯ǸŮָıʹļס
һûʲôõľͷһƿƷԪֵüĿɫβ¶һǳЦ⡣
ɰ¼ٵŭŮģûáŵʦأôڱչأ
û𣿡ü΢ëʧģˣֱڻúúһ塣
ɣ
ϲˡ
ʼʱǧ򻽵Ϫ֡
һ˿һۣĿɫ˿˿⣬ȻȻ§ס˵ʲô
˵ء̹ЦϪ˵ʦܷһͨѩɽĵİпǶ֮ء
ʦϸˡϪ⣬ȻˣҲʰһ£׼ȥ
á


76 
޷֮, ΪԸ꣬˲, һȥһѷַˡ
˽ľٶϷᱳ֧֣Ⱥľ
ʶһҵ֮ɢ˷׷׷ͷ¸ϻ
Ϫϵʱս
ΪߵͣĿǰ֪Ը귽˽ȷʵֻмһˡ
һϪҲⲻø߿֡
ãҲ
˵, ˲ſ˵Լ뷨
ȡһ̺죺ΪרԸ󷨡ﹲһһʮ˸죬λǰ죬ҪסǶļظ󡣡
˶˵ƴѶȲС, ԭΪؾ, ûϣ, ¼ֻоϲ, ܿͰȥ
ڳĻʿһִһ죬ѡʮʮΪԪӤʿ롣
鶨ϪҲ˵Լпƶķ, δĴڣд⡣
װðԸɵӣֶ, ο˲죬жԷùľ͵òʧ
Ϫļ, ˰ǰ̶ļƻСı䡣
󷨵һ沼󷨣һѹƶһֹܡ
Ϫп˵֮ʿѩɽѰҶ
ֵİΣұڸǣǰδ
ǹţڴĽ⣬һ·δκ谭
һǰȻһһ˸ߵĿڡǶ֮һƬ⣬ŷҷ㣬˼ɾ
þ
Ϫץ֣о裬һöЦĿˡ
Ϫǰֵˣϴμ棬¶ƸΪˣ΢Ц۵ף䵽Щϣ䵽
֮ǰΪϪðŭȴǿٲΪκ¶ҡ֡
Σգ
ǿҵĲϯͷϺë
ŵУϪеıһ¡

Է뷨
Էһ̣ȴֳֻȥһףһԼٿءѡϪһΪ󷨷
󷨣ӡ
Ϫ׶ԷھҪֲ
ڶƤӵ¸Сν󵨣Ϫֹϵڻ
ǰһֱ壬ԷעԼϣ֪ǰɻǵң
ǣȻǵá۾΢УֱϪĵס
ϪԶԷλεĶ£΢΢ŵ̬ǰ£ǰ֪£ǰ⣬ǰ֣ʵ
ŶĿɨɨƺһȤ
Ϫ˵ʱҹ£ıǴ𡣽ټǰֻϲʤǰٸһĻᡣ
桭

ʺ
Ϫûϵǰһ˻˹ģ˭֪һ̾ͻȻ֣˲ߵˡ
Ϫɫ䣬ʶɳȥ˷
û¡ᰴסҡͷ
Ϊʵˡ
Ϫ̧ͷһζĿǡ
ֵڵľ棬ֻаյĹûӦ
Ϫ֪ʧܣԥһ֡
䣬뷢ֱǰĶꡣ
ȻһʱһʱЩͨ׭˵ʵɱ׳ĶꡣʹȡʤҲԷһС谭ѡ
Ͽƺ
ܻشһע⵽Ⱥ֮һСӡ
ͬķ׭кڼȫǲһֻӳá
ͬʱϪҲˡ
ѩɫĻһඹ͸谭ֱüġ
ӣվǣȼУС
⻹ԶԶ
ֻһ֣˵ĵֿ˲丶֮һ棺Ⱦ㱾£
Ϫѹǻ֮УٶȼӴ¶һ㣬Բʮضȵĸ
಻ʾָˣԼΪһ
ߣ۵ʹȫֶ䵽ҲǵͬèϷˣһ㡣
ֵϷˣľУһ졪ɡ
˫뷢޴ѹ֮¡רΪϣʹɫҲѿ
쳹˷Ϊɱᡣ
Ȼֻ
ֺϢᣬһһʮ߸ͬʱӶһȴԼ
ֱزģʯⲻ֪Ȼ壬Ʈԡ
ʳ˻ǣ˭ȵù
ֻǱ޳ɶ꣬ȴת
ȶɣ
һУٲһ޴ӰŰΧ껯Ӱ̽ͷųȺֻɵͷ
Ƽתֱ£ȺֶݵĻң״æһ졣
˵廯һߣߣ켣Գɡ
Χߵ˶Ƿţйʶһ£æƻ͸
һ壬ԭԼ𵤵ΪԴԴϵӿ壬ǿ֧
ۼʮԪӤʿ֮ǰЩССܱȣôһȥ˵˽ǣҲǶԪˡ
ԭʵӰһЩ
˳ʤ׷Ϫ಻ţһֱͼʶģͼлø˻ᡣ
ڶиһ˲䣬ѩɫĻƿǰһ·ʶġ
ϪС
ͬʶֻһƬã߼ʵĴ󺣣о˷ӿ׵͸¶Σյζ
ǰƬΣյĹϪɷѣԷʶ˻
ûĿĵҴܣȵ˶ҲϪûôʱ䡣ֻݶһ˽ⷴƶԷὫԼҪʶ˲ʲôط
Ϊ壬ǿ԰ʹ˶Ҳûиı䡣
˽еĽӴǿ󵽿˵꣬ĳֲЩع֡
еǵĻʹʶ˲طҲΡ
ϪϿղƣһ׳׵ȿֺشΣȷʵǸضĺõط
Ȼһ˲ƯںϵĻȴͻȻһͷס
һɣɡ
һֱ嵽һָСľξʶӳм
Ϫû˿ԥٿþȫǿξ塣
ȵȡ
ǧһ֮ʣһϤֹϪĹ
塣
ǡλ߰У˿̾Щɥ
۶ʿ˵ʶ֮أ˵͸ء
ǿ㲻ʶģòͷ
˽ޣ꽫ٻأǩԼԸΪ֮顣
һ޶ԣҪɾı齣
ȻʹǱ齣ҲкܴƩʿı齣ԪӤʿı齣Ʃнı齣ûнı齣֮˵һ졢һڵء
Ϫı齣׽ʱƣ޻Եֻ¹ǧ궼һ顣
ԶԷǩԼΪĽ飬Ϫȫ޶ԡ
Ų㡣Ϫ䵭ٶȿˡ
Լҧò⣬ỹɸ֪꼫Ϣ
ɱ
µ˲䣬ǰľͬʱѿһԡ
Ȼ齣ͼϪԶΪҪϵԩծ̫࣬ԶĲ˵˵ؾɵʿûҲмǧ
һܳϡ
ԷˣʵǹǽĶҩһϪӦЩҲתƵϪϣе
ʶһ٣Ҳͷеľ޴ӰҲ˵˺½ɢһƬޡ
̫죬ȴŲš
Ϫֻ֪ĬĬٻ𣬶ɵԡ
ôϪ԰׵ɫеǲѡ
£̫࣬Ъͺˡᰲο꣬ңʵ˲ٺô
š
ϪôֻҪûá
˵˻Ựʦ㣬˶ѰҶ
岻ʣȴˡϪü§ᣬϵǲѡ
Ϫ˵ţɫְ׼֣ǻʳѪһԪ˵ģ
Լʦ⣬ѪȰ䣬ĽѵǾȥùͷ
ҪʦȥɣϢٴ㡣ƽ
Ϫ׵лͷ


77 ż
, ôˣһֱ뿪ѩɽϪſڷʡ
뼾˵ʱ, ȻյĴŽڶԷԱ
ʦ⡣ֱԵȡƬʱһ˾ʦܡ
ʳ֮һаħֶΣʹɼ򲻵Ӳʹá
ΪͳӵܣȴʹֶΣˡ
Ϫһɫʱȷ𣿡
ͷ, ȷղǹϢ
Ϫü΢š˼Ƭ̺»źһʵʦ𡣡
ô˵ǲᣬֻһʦյ״ӣ淸Ҳ˼ҴãΪ, ⼴ʹҲҪâ
Ҳֻǽ, , Ϫô˵ҲͲټ, ʼ˵һ¡
һ¡
Ϫһأ͸ϲɫ΢΢ɻ󣺡ţ
֪ʬʲôط͵, Ƕʱõһּ䣬֪ĵص㡣ʦҲ˶, ˵Ҳм䣬Ƕÿ㡣
ڹȥϪӿڵ
Ҫȥ, ȵһҸոѾ˴Ӧÿ쵽ˡΪߣǹȥ졣
ϪȻû顣
˵ĵصѩɽһξ룬ֱЯ˲ƹȥԽʡʱ䡣
õһļУ˽⵽ǳսĲࡣ
˱ǰ֪Ϊ䵽
ɱ¾֮Ϊ棬ෲˣҲϪϾĴ󲿷ԩ
ҲˣΪʿ׷ɱڶΧԭȴڵľ˪
˪ֽеúʵһġ
Ѫĺ֮壬谮ǧɽٳɹü޳ɾ˪֮ģ⣬˺˷֮·ض˳衣
ƫƫڣ˷ֶߣɱ֮
ƴΪԼһһսվ˼Դؾһزζ
屾ͲʲôˣδԹޣ֮·;ϾĲʣ߷Ķ⣬תޣʳؾάֲ𣬳Ϊ˾µĶꡣ
żſǶԷ룬ŲܣʹҲֻµʿ룬Էʵδȫָ
ҲˣϪǲнսҡ
˵ʱ䣬ѾŶ˵Ŀĵء
˵ʱƿΧ󷨽ƣ˽ĵ¶⾹һڡ
Լɵľϣɫ͸Ĺ⣬ƬУһƬİĵ¶Ѩ
ұڵĹϣֳĵޱȡ
΢У΢̧˫գִȻַĸ̬֮߰
ʹĽɴڡ
ϧ˶ûĸп
ֽʬ봢ռ䣺ţȥ˵뿪
Ȼվһ£Ȼˡ
Σ֮ʣæһŴͷ
ߵһ˲Ϫ˵
ʦܼ
ʲôˣͬ˸ǰͷռȥϧеֻп
ſյĵ¶Ѩ߬ȭͷɫ΢΢Ǻ죬ҧŭϵͳô£㲻˵û֪ط𣿡
Ƭ̺ʣܲ͵ʲô𣿡
Լǵõ˷񶨵Ļش𣬸ƽһŭٶȱȼ֪ʲô֪Ҫʲôã
ʹϵͳܣʱǨŭŲŮˣǾԼ˽ȵǡ

Ȼ֮£Ѿ뿪ȫ֪顣
뼾ķŭͬϪķʬ
ʹǰǿ³ͬͨҲûʲôΪʿĻ޷ʳϡһЩ
şְ̌һĸϪȻûˣиľ˪ģ׵ܽˡ
֪ΪвСϪȺѩǻͺ̽ӤҪϡ
ϪƴǵĻԷͻȻɫסֻܵͷӦá
Ϳģ˸ֱۣӿҪҪһѪ⡣
㵹̰ġ
Ҫ󲻹֣ûжӦҪʣµһֳַһǺͼƿѪϪ
ǼӲ齣
ѪǼϡ
һڳȥͷڣ˹Ϸ֡
ϪѨˣ֮ǰ£ⵣǣʬƾʧʦܵĴϻۣº׾ܲµΪ
ʦи¶ǵĴ̫
ȴη޾壺ʲôҲ磬үһ߷һ֪ʲôȭͷ˵
Ϫһűζһۣзǲɢ
һһᵱȻʲô¼ϷᱳҲǿӦԣ¾¶Էʹ鹫֮ڡ
ʱԵľͲһˣؾеʿһؾǶá
ͿҪ˽ضѰᣬǾ๫ȥΪʸ֮ġ
ϣǰߣҲҽϣڴˡ
ڻȥϲߣԷαװץʱ뿪
ʧȥ˲ٿصĽƱ֮ǰ˲ֹ㣬ԺķЩƿһһ˸ߵĳڣһͨǳѸٱպϡ
û뿪ٽƼӹһ
Ҳöѵ㹦ʱСϪͰĽס
һᾡ졣Ϫͷ
ԽףպͶһԱ
ֹϪˡṦ⣬˶ֵһѪչس׻ȹΪ
Ϫѡĳ׵صǽؾʱŵǴԭԪһʱ᲻и߽޹Ǹ徻ĺõط
Ψһǣ˵صѹθɾϡЩʯڸͿԽ
һ׼Ϫʼס
Ϊ֮ǰչʱʹﵽ۷壬ֻȱټһֱѹ֣˾˪ԪӤͳһˮɵ¡
һҹȥڵﶥ壬ҲϪѹؿޡ
ʱѵ
Ϫȡ˪
һ뵤̾е齣죬ΧĵĽγ㶦֮ơ
ıʹʱԾɢ
ϧϪԹۣ䷢չ
˫ָֽڷ趯ָðɿѸͲݿܵǿǹ
һɢɢĺգٲɢڽѪ֮УһԱ߻齣©
Ϫûע͵͵ļһȫ񶼷ǿŽϡ
ϣһ񱻶ĺ̶һֱ̳ӽ̵͹С
ȲϽ棬·ûоͷһ㣬尾֮Īڴˡ
Ȼ⻹Ǿͷ
һȶϪУʼڶֳ
ҶĥУϺȻơԽԽ࣬ѺҲԽԽ
ǣ
һ죬Ϫоڵıڱơ
𵤳ѣŨҺ̼ɢַپ£ڸתвϻϣһģӰ
Ӱϱ仯ΣԽԽµ١
εС˲Ϫһһݣƶֺ
СңһСһ氲Χȹ
ӹϪȹ̣еСͻȻۣϪĸֳһӡǣƬ̺ʧ
ͬʱӦ˲Ϫƻͷۣɢȥ
ӤƽǰúŪΪϿӤҲֻȵ׽ٶɹŻ¡
ҲƳɵʱǰգЩԵ޹ؽҪ
ϪӤһҹôҹ
ڼ仹һ׮⣬ϪʼӤĵڶ죬ѩҲΪʳѪΪǣǰס
޽׽޸գʱҲʱٱ¶ķգϪֻЩڴڼʱֽѩס
Ϫ˵ĵǣҲõǡ
ȥͷǰΪѩϪ¾
ûͼֹֻǵͬһ𡣡
ϪԥƬ̵ͷҲá
£ԽȫûзԵȻԡ
ϪҪԷһӳѨȺ˺ֻԼûб
ԭ뿪ʣµ˽ѩɽҲδҵʧ֮ʣ֪˭ȻָϪʧ˻ɡ
ⷢĵص㣬ҵʱŵֻһյĶѨһʯδʣ¡
ϪëΪЩ˾òһ£ǡ
ԣƿƳЩ˱һֱǡ
Է˵꣬һŰ߿
ɲûмЩôҵѨô콫Ŀϡ
˵ô͡ëˣǿɷֺδǸҪԼžͰˣػ
ǰôûʦôƣһĻˮ©ڱˣΪһ
Ϫû뵽
ʹξΪԤϪҲֻԼʦ಻壬滹㲻ȴû뵽ػᷢô£һԼ֪
ƬѨ
ʦܣܱĻҪࡣ
ҴǰӴࡣϪ˵ԥƬֵʦ⣬¡ҵպ˵
šڰֲ⣬ȷʵ÷ŵһߣ˵¡ڼؾ˶ǣѩչصĵطңϼ֪Ĺϵǵץˡ
˵Ķԣǵ¶һСϪĿ䵽Ա߻Եϡ
˼΢΢𣺡Ǿɡ
ǰϪι˵ҩҪԸղŻѣڼȻҪöԷţȻҪǰιҩ
ҩ£ۼԷתѵƣϪ뿪
˲δԶǲ˷źżһ
˶ԪӤʹɴķӸ·ٶԲ˵Ϫǰ˲ٵҩȫ֧š
պϪٶȱ¶
ĿöԷϢ˲뿪
죬ھ졭
ʹͬķؾĴҴܣÿһĵص㶼һԯޣȫˣ档
㱻һ£Ⱥ˴ԼӦ˵ͼؾпףɴĿĵѰתȥؾڶˡֻС˲ʷĴңβǵټ
Ϫ֪Ϣʱڿʱֻʣ¡
ǱߴŹˡῴϢϪѩѾɹӤһؾڸϡ
Ҳȥ
ȥǵùȥڴ֮ǰЩװ
Ϫͷݵ
ᰴס֣ܾݵУЩ֪ǵʦѱûʲôֶΡ
˵ġ
СϪҵֶΡü
˵Ų֪ķһƿƿ޹ޣϪͿͿȡһװϡ
Ϫ·ĹֿʼŪԼ
һʱﻹϪӰֻʣòޣһһһһݣ˶ȫۡ
ٽΪѹ𵤡
ؾô࣬ΪɢѰ˭Ҳɲϡ
׼Ϫᵱؾڡ
һڸϪ͸ожʶӶϻαװʮֱ棬ԷӦûпʲôֻɨһ۾Ͳٿ
ȺУϪǣԽͰվѩڶС档
ǹ˼ʵϪǲһû˸ȥǵ鷳
Ϫȷ±ջĿ⣬ܱһɨ׾ͿӰ
ϪϸȻסûͷûβϪ㣬ȥҳʲô£ӦҲҪżȶ׽٣ҡ
ϪһͷԣԷֻ˻ʾʱô
תͷٿԷšüͷҲɸһôˣ
ҡͷҲֻͻȻоʲôõҪ
ʵָоˣؾʱԽоԽǿҡ
ϪƳһۼķ
Ϊͷ۾ǿӲ֮Ӧң۷ʲôҪ嶯Ҳ£ҲҪ嶯
Ϫ˵㲻¡˵Լᱣɿ˫ŨҵĲֱǵʱֻӦҴӦ㡣
ܻᾡŬס㡣
˵⻰ʱϪȷʵ໤ľģȻȵ鷢ʱ֪ЩʱƴʸĶûС


78 
ʱ, պȻһֻεľֻ˺һӡ
ѿڸһ, δȶӰȲسȥ
ʿؾеޡ
ϧؾ꣬Գһ磬ؾеҲؾͬԳһ壬ǩԼȥ
ϣǰȥ޼˲䱻ռ䷨˺÷, һƬѪ
״ʣǲֲ۲Ъ˼׳ԡ
һͻıʹܶʱ˶ųڵķ, ȴһȶ
Ϫᶼ֪, Щǡ
Էǵαװ, ȴ׼Ǳͨڳȥ
, ˿˭ȶһ£˭ͻΪʸ֮ģ⵽Χ
һ뽩֡
ؾڿҲʱ, ۼʱһţǿƺСƣͲס, ֱڶȥ

ϪĿһۼԷϴȥȴΪ
Դ׼, ֵһֹһ˺ԼƤ忹ˡ
ƣô˺ҲЩѡΪˣ˸˵
Ҳϵֻǰûдһ
˵ǣ㲻һֹ֮ǰȻɹͳؾ
һɹƽ֣ȼԭ궯ġ
һѹ˲ۿھҪرգٲȥҪԶؾС
Ȼ벻ƴһѡ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ˲ӿЩû֯ɢԼһЩСڡ
ôһסġ
ο궯ֺֹЩأЩ˵ҲסʼҡϾ뱦ȣȻԼҪ
ò˵ѡʱá
ϪһĬĬмɵģһ߻Ⱥƶ
ˡ
ˡ

һ׹˰ؾ⡣
˿̻ҵʱ
һͳǵѩһжһ㡣
ߡ
Ϫ׼õĴͷ
ͬʱҵѩˣһ˲뿪
ؾ˲䣬ϪҪԵĲ˶׷ɱͷϻ۵Ľơ
ϷԽԽճϪѾʹôͷ˲ƺüΣһ
УĿ̫󡣡ϪĶͷһ׷ˣͷƴƣƿˣȶһ㡣
ûöԷΪϪ֪ʹ˵˶ԷҲ
ʲô㵵ͬʱĲ𣬺ÿüš㲻Ҫ
⻰Ȼ˵ˣΪ˵ɲǣϪȻ˳ȥµĵһס
Ϫ
˫Ŀɴȭͷսָ׺ݺǶ
ôҵģ
ɽ֮±ͼգڶɽʱ԰æ׽ɱ
ʶϪϻض׽ٵʮ׽жټһˣҲס
οӵֹһˡ
׽ٿɲۣ⻹⣬ֻҪ뷶Χͨͨһͬʡ
ۼԷԽԽԶȺҲԽԽҲᵽɤۡ
ֱ֣
ϪһǺ˫ǰˣһȣͼֹԷΪһС
̰֪ԼΪݣÿζɽƱ֮Էֻǿһʱ嶯ܲ˿Ϫ׽ٲǵɲȥ
żϻǱϪȴǺη塣
ȻԼ˿̵ΪȡһþǾһĽ֡
Ⲣ˵Ͳ֪޿෴ֻڶģЩ˱
ҲԤǰ㣬һŽԼԭ׷תܡ
̶̼Ϣ˫ȫת
ܲУ˿̣׷ϪǵҲֻлʿʱͻ׽٣Ϊ߷ǵ㡣
׻˵и߸š
Լ׽ٱϪȻһǼ룬һľϪ
Ͼ׽ٺԪӤ׽ȫͬһΡ
ʱܵһȺ˿ź󷽽׷ˣǺڲѡؼʱֶ̣Ҳһһ
ϪֻԪӤ׷Ȼ׷ϵģ໹ȺˡȻĿĴﵽҲͲټʼɽ١
Ϊæ׷ˣûжԿ׽٣ǰʮ׼ȫ
˿ڳ֣æתһ߳յϢһڲд׵
һǰϪŲ˷ѵԭ򣬻ЪϬһ׵
׽һֱŵҲԷ¡
ûз̫ãһ֮͡͵ˡ
ȻһѣڷϣоëȻһˡ
ڲϢһ˲䣬ĲƵؾ͸ðһ亹
סתͷ۱ͷڶԷĽǶҧס´
һֱĲҵԴͷ
̶̵ʱ˼Լ¶ԷĻɣԶ
벻ͨǰԼڶԷƤôҲʲôڡ
ǧͷһԷڿڣĥ
̫ˣᡣ諵޲˿

̧ͷֻΪ
ǰȥؾ겻ȥҲûйԷɴûҹ
ŲɣҲ벻ԭ
˵ǣ֪üӦǡ
諲Ϊ⣬ɨһΪĿһ˿⣺ԪӤ۷壬ʱûȥͽװɡ
ǡһ߻һ̧ͷ˶Էһۡ
һ½װͫ΢΢´۽סЩһĿ޳̬·˭Ҳ
ûŭҲûʣܶΪ
ǣ۲ģƬ̺ڿһ˿ߣΪ
Զļ
Ҫˡɨһۣζ˵˾䣬ѾȷҪҵˣᣬ߰ɡ
£ֻһֻһһ˲һξļͻȻ¡
ỹǼûзؾͬһʧԭء

һ˺ѷεĽк
諳ֵǿϪиӦʯ֮䣬Զǰֹ̣׽١
ǿʵǰܣֻؿŶԷ˴ߡ
ҲǴһϪᵽ˺ΪСУ϶磬ָĹ򶼲Ը˷ѣȫӡ
Ϫзʹʣɫ԰ףؿ类һ㰴ʹ
ˡ
ؼʱ̣
ϬҲΧߣ
ܵСһﴫĵǣϪ̾һڰģһûô
ڵ
뵽ؾǰԷ䷳ĶϪӼᶨ
úöɽ٣ֻо׽٣ܻȥˡ
˾ϵϪϷ׽ɫ棬ֻлһ
˵֮ǰмֱͽȴȫȥһ㣬壬ֱӭ׵磬ɴ׳׽ٽɡ
۵Ƥⱻ׵žž죬ʺѪⲻϷӿ׵Ľ»


79 
ʮ, Ϫ侲
ܵܲ쵽ޣŶһ, һ׽ѹ
ϻصľ飬ϪȻȡյõǣֽϬٵߡ
ϵȡӲĲ֣ܽϬУı齣Ȼһ¥
ϪĴ㲻ֹˣ⣬ԽϬһ
İͬʱһ, ԼĽˣ϶֮õѡ
뷨֮Ϫʵʩ
ǣʹմȾϢѾϬһ, ϬҲմȾϢ
Ϭԭȡʯ, ͨ尵
, ڽϬԭīڵĽȾɫ, ׹ӳ£⣬â¶
ǺϬڽ׵ĴȫںϺ, ϪһסϸϸܣȻһ¥
, Ч⣬ջ
ˮ, 󷨴ңԴ츳
Ϫʹõ̳츳丽齣ϡ
Ҳ˵պϪ󷨣ͿԽϬ
һ㵱ΪѺá
֮ϲϪͷĿҲɢһЩ񣬼һ
Ȼξûô˳ˡδʼӡ
ҲҪ
Ϫû뵽һܾ
Ϊʲô
֧֧ᣬβſڳݲ˵˾䣺Ӳˡ¡Ϫ⡣
Ϫ⣬ͼͣҲҪӽ£Ӧ˵ǹ
ҲСԲԸ⡣
Է̬ʮּϪֻ뷨ҲһҪôټǴ⾪ϲӵȻԷԸҲǿȡ
ˡ
ҿԷֳһ÷ľ齣УӦҲܴﵽҪЧ
һһͬʱڡ
Ϫûоܾ顣
ʳָϬϷߣʺѪӳڽϣγһʥӡ
ȥ
Ϫ£ָһ٣һοջӡǳڽͬʱοӡһϵӡȻ
齣â
иӦʱƴͷһȦĤ
һ׽ظãʱҲǰδеĺ
Σգ
ϪȻһΣС
ͺǰ׽ֻСС֣˿̲ڶɱ
һͨ׵ıñһһ
ϪٲҷսϬԴԸϬ
䣡
齣ײ޴
սĽ״ǧĳֱϪֱ۷飬ڣһסˡ
䣡
һ׽£Ϫٽӭ
Ϫֱֻ۷·Լһ㣬ȫľ׽ײϬܵĳ󣬽ϵĻһһģ΢΢ζ
ϾոѾһξǿˡ
ϪɲԸոռ齣콫ս
׽ٻ֪мϪҲðԼӲ
ռʵвٱһЩʦΪɽ׼ģһЩģԭΪòϣû뵽ȴǲòˡ
䣡
䣡

һһײ£ϪӳȥıҲԽԽࡣʼļ
ӵϪԼ֪Լӳʲô
ش׽ʵǰδеǿзϪҲ˲ᡣ
ʮ
ϪĬĬţ϶þֻʣǾʬ
üɫ΢ûжԥͽ˳ȥͬʱֿǡ
޴ļƽ
Ϫκֻͨ۾۲쵽ͷƺʱȥֻĶ
׽ٽʱͣ£ܹϪõϢᡣ
ȡҩ£ָͬʱע⵽Ǿ߱ӳȥʬȻûб
ϪؽǾʬûΪԪӤ
⡭
ʬףֱ
ϪԽ棬ϸŷֲǽף׼ȷ˵Ӧýн⡣
ʬõϾûӹȻҲûᷢʬϵķӡϷӡַʮأֱײ¶
Ϫ̧ͷͣϵƣȲҲ֪ʲôС
ѰԪӤ׽ٲľ֮ʮⶫģŪ
ٶ࣬ʵް취ֻܳһ׽֮ǰооʬ
ϵķӡûꡣ
뵽֪ûе׽٣Լ֮ܶսܽʬΪߵԪӤֿԶһ㱣ϡ
Ϫоͷʱͣõ˶
ֵҵǣµĲͨףħ٣ҲζֻҪϪɹɹħ٣ԪӤ׽پ
ĴָϸĺɫһϪ塣
˲Ļ㱹ϪСϪôˣʲôأ
Ϫ˰ǣоԼƺʲôȫ벻
ҡ¶ɻ֮ɫôˣֵֹġ
û¡ϪλԴ˦׵뷨İĻʵģ
㲻ǵˣ

ϪˣĿ΢ɬΪδ
ȻǴһˣš˵һ֣ɡ
ţһȺɫĹǷ׷״߳ݣӦоС
ӵһ߳ʼϪĶǾͻͻͣƫƫỹҪϽ͡
СϪн㡣ԺǿɶҪг࡭
Ϫ޿̣һ룬ʢŭ˭׼µģ
һȥ⾰ɫʱѣĻʲôʲôŮӡ
þڣεħѲոձº£ͣϪϤ˵Ļ
ɱҲûãҾ㣬ңֻҪ㻹ڣԶҲ
Ϊʲôأֻǰֳѡ
Ҳϲ㣬ʱʱ̶̿˦㡣

ֱ
ֱơ
׾ҵͼİϷ
ϪֶţڵԼȥȡ
ôһ룬ǰͳһĥһϢᣬῴϪģˡ
ǡϪЦһһۣýˡ
ɱҡԶںС
Ϫ΢
Է˵ĶԣЩȷʵйͷȷʵɱ˶ԷԲһֱ
ɱԼ
Ϫ۾ӻþɢȥһĨϼȲ޸Ϫ塣
ڰ˼״Ҳ
Ϫɫ΢ϼ£˲⿪ʬӡһ˺ͷ
˲ʮ֮Ϫߣ˻δȫ˦ҺѴ߸ϣϪֻҪָʬһ󼴿ɡ
ѩشƫԶϢȥҪϹҲҪһЩʱ䣬Ϫǰֻл񣬿ʬǿӦԡ
ʱϵʬһˡ
ѹսƷ뿪
ֻѾɹɹ׽٣һ𡣡˵ԼǱߵֵǸأһˣ
Ϫͳرˡ
Ȼǡ˵һ룬ŷӦ˵رˣôܣ
ħϪ͡
˭
Ըĥ˰ΣŵŵǸץ欵ļһ

Ϫ˵ġ
ĸ
ϴ󡣡
ҡ欵Щǰ֪諵Ϣѡ
ȻôˣϪԾȡ
ʱ˺㲻عڵġ
Ϫ֪ԷǰοԼ׵ġ
ͺãǰ֮޷ӦԵĺܺá欲˵һԼһֱ¶ԭ
Ϫ˽ԷΪĶ࣬Ҳ롣
ǲĸ·Ը
¡欶һ²żźȻһЩ¡
󣬻ȥϺչأʮڽסǿӲûзֺء
ѹˣҲ𷴿ͷ䲻ԸǴӦ֪ˡ
˵ֶϪλȥɹ׻̺뿪ޣȥ۷ʲôֻסֻеܣǲʱȫ
Ϊʲôֻжܰȫ欲˵ϪҲûʡֻ֪Էأ͸¶ĵǣϪֻ
ĸģһᾡߡϪŵ


80 ص
˻ͺ, һ뿪ѩ졣
ѩ֮ǰϪ˲ûпԼ٣, Ϊߵ
ɽٶķ˺ü죬ôϢʹˡ
˲Ҵ⣬׷׸װ档
ѩԪӤڿԻΣͣͷϰСհԲһѩģǰյıŴȰĹԡ
˼״һϼƣɴͽǰĸŮ, Խһ֮ϪǻһЯУѰϡ
ѩؾֻǣԣֻί޴һʱ䡣
Ȼһ˵, Ҳ˶ĵط, һЩеĳ, ѩ޷͸ȥ
ûѩ, ȥɷԭΨƵС
·ûʲô⣬ֻ˶һʱ˳ﺮԨǡ
ԨΪͨ·Ҫ, ݵķۼͣһ׼ҵҲפںԨС
ЩҲܲ鵽׼ҵĹϵο𻹻ɰ׼Ⱥı, 
ʵҲһȥȻڣ˶, ڽ͵ȥȻУһ·ӡ
Ѱ˲֪ҲòϣʵۣƱϴ⣬һ͵ɿĽϡ
ν͵ɿͣһЩ񼫣⵽׷ɱڱ첻ȥǰݵˡ
Ϫ䲻񼫣Ҳ٣ӵǵĴ˼˿ǹ󶼾һ·ӡ
Էһûǣֻаһȥ
󣬶˳ɹõ
Ȼ͵ɣϴĵطȻڳУǾ϶Լʮɵһʯ֡
ϪǵʱʯѾڡǳǳɨһۣЩһմѪ
ֻһۣϪջĿ⡣ûһͷ£Ҳ躦¡
*
һº󣬿Ű׸־ķ뿪϶֡
Ϫһǰϴ
ϴǾͱڴײ㣬߶
Ȼ⻹ܵģܲ˵Ǵյײ㲢ָɲͬķ䣬ǽ˷һռ䡣
ΧΧһȺˣʱʱضչ¶һԼ˭ò
ҲֻϪ»ܶĴ·˿Ӱ졣
Ҳûа̫ãݾľͱ˴ơ
־Ļһˡװ顣
ԷҪݣѡ˰׼ҵЩ޿ɺǣӴϲܵײ¾ͺ˷ѽ⡣
˵ģʶߡϪǹȥʱԷ˵仰
װҲǣһĨϲɫָŰǣǾҵѡ
Ͱһһ£࿴۱˴ˣȷαװڡ
ڣλ
װ鴽΢³һ֡
𿴶ĿʱһθĿڶԹµȷʵҵġ
ʯ̬ȻְΣִ󣬾һŹˡ
װ鿴һĿڼתһȦϪݹϣ˶ӣȥҷ˵
ϳˣϪһѡͬ⣺á
Ǹ
Ѿ뿪ؽ磬ҲиһЩֻ۱ֻҲͷ˹ȥˡ
װȼȷû⣬תϪŵѡ
Ϫ΢΢ױʾϣֱʳеʣ׵ô֪ϵģ
װԿ˿Ͱ𣺡ںԨǣҰ׹ʱǡڳԭû⣬ɾ뿪󲻾ãһȺ˹̲Ϣ
ԷĻû˵̫ף˴Ų³еʱݲΪɡҲð׼ҵûǹȥ
װĻҲ˸ղһʱϳǰݹģºȷϪݡ
ŵѷģǲǱж⡣װȱȻ˵⣬֮ǰͻȻʧ٣˵˽ߣһͬߵĻߵڵѡʵǣ㵱ʱڳ֪飬ðš
ɫʱôÿװҲûʲôɫ
㻹Ǹ
ϪۼֿסѩͣĿ䵭ʦħߣԭҲ
ħޡװʱһףβϢǿ侲֪ˣлѸ֪
ϪԭҲмֽ黳ͷ˿̹ӿʼڣδ¶⡣
ǻڽ޵ֱϪѡʱŶԷ
ĬĬһϪί񿪿ڵ֪׵Ѷʦ˽٣
װȴ˼ΪжԼԹæ˽ͣŵѣǧְ֮ǰؾģκҺΪ΢ᣬʵûа취ֹؾ㱻׷ɱҲҪȥ㣬ʵãҲһˡ
˵뵽ץߵһʱޱȡ
־䶼ſУŲ١
ҪôǶԷݼ̫ãҪôҲڹ
˵Ϫۿֹװôһͣ˵ҲỳԼǲ˶Է
׵㼤ʦܵΪȻ˽⡣ֻǣϪ˶٣ƶԷһģЩ̣ѵо仰С˲ò࡯ۺʱһǺõġ
װɫ˼֣ѵҼˣξ
ã⻰ȫˡ
ϪԼҲԼ˵ǷɣȫǳֺáҲֻһ䣬ԷȻҲͲ˵
˫֮ķ磬֮װǵ̬Ⱦ͵ࡣ
*
Ϊ˶׷ɱһڱ˲ʱ䣬϶ΪһʱաʶϪǻصݣѾһ
ϪΪˣһݾǡ
䲻ѩõҩȥˣֻѹԼͬԷ
ûһߣ欵ĻϺչء
תתһˣϪʱֻһѩسȴԽһƥǡ
ϪҼᣬ˼Ǿȥħһˣ㷢һŻż˵һҲ伾¡
ŷﻹҪһʱգЩħڵķϡ
ϪȻǵͬ˵Ľ׵ĻʵԼ˵²ûб̫һİ
Ȼû뵽ǣ˸̤ħڵĵؽ㱻˸
ϪµĽʥŮ֮ڴӭӼλǰ뼸λŮһ˵һóһݸϪ
ټ죬˵ͬʱĿһֱڴܣɫţƺʲô
ŶԷ̬ȣϪҲ飬æӹȷϡ
ıϪȷϢ٣Ŷ˵ͷŶԷߡ
ĽϪߵĶ˼ϡٵСһ·ϳˡ
һ·սһѰլԺĽŹغãи
ϪɻѩһﲻסʵСŮڿ˵˰ɣصذʲôŮºϸýСŮû
̬ϸ˵λǰ¡Ľſڽ͵ǰ֪񼸴ŵ˶


81 
ңϪ¶ɻ
һݾʹҴææظ·, ûעʲô·
ԡĽͷڽ龭
Լǰ, ҲϪȥ·ϡ
Ȼ۲쵽ǹ䣬һҹ֮ʾȻǣһһһԤʾϣһ١
ϪȻ֪ǹ֮˵֪ԼǸʦܵһԪڶٸ;մߡ
֮ӣߡ
ΪǸǡϪƽ
Ľ۲һɫûƳʲô, Сǡ
ʦϪ˶٣˸ʷһԪ˵
Ľ֪һԪڵӣ뻹ʵһԪȻԸţŻʵû, ԤԳһЩ֪νĶ
ɺ, ڶŵֱ, һԪڲòһ, ͬ⽫һԪϼӿܡ
˵ǿܣʵϪʦ, ķ˼Ŭȡ˵ô
뵽ǸϣʵͷϪһ˿Ρ
֪, ˵ңأɻڱչأ
ֻ, ӻ˵ºӱͰǶɳȥͼڵһʱӦֻû뵽˶ûصֱħڵؽҲŷ֡
ӣչ˰ɹ׻ǰӺǰǸʿһȥ˳ǡ
Ϫע⵽һ㣺˵Ǹʿǲǽм
ĽƬ̲ŵȷʵ֡
ܷͬ˵˵£ʲôϪʵ
ĽûرԸʲôֻһ͸ʥŮһչؽס˱ʥŮ죬ֻ˰¾ͽ׳ɹӤҲû뿪ֱǰǵϢ뿪
ȥûʲôرģȥ˴ֿ˲׼뿪±ͺܲͬѰ
ΪԷ֮ӵݡ
Ľûȥ𲻿֪ܲ
Ϣ̫٣ϪҲ²ʲôϷħڣŵأȥ˳ǣ
ǡĽͷϢһžɳȥ˳ǣһ£ڵҲ롣
˵ͣƬֲǰ˻
Ϫͷ˵
˵ԣϣڴ˵صҪȥǡ
ϪԲÿɷĿ΢ƺڿǡ
ȻĽ̬ᵽԼ˶Σ˵ʣµĻҲ˵ˣûӦ־ǲͬ⡣ʵҪȥҸһȥ
Ϫ˼ɫ˵
ųĬڿȥ˻᲻ᱻ֣᲻˸κ
ò˵Ἣ˽˽ǰȫ
Ҫǣ֪ʹϪ£ҲŲʦİΣ
жΣ˶֪ϪֻǱּͳܳʹֵ࣬ʢڵΣոͬն
˻շͷ ǲ֪
ⲻ֪һԪϪʦֻûоܾȨΪϪΪӲ
Щ˽ﲻϪֲòסҲԷ
Щ˼Ľδȫ֪£ǡǰԴȥ׼һǾͿԳˡ
áϪͬ⡣
ĽߺõѩﲻסϪϪŮϵţµģڲùȥ
ԽҲѩ˵ĲڵĴðա
ϪѩͷϵСΪʦʦϪ̾˿ûټ˵ȥ
ѩһϻۣһ˼еĹϡ֪ϪϪƹ飬ʵ飬ԼȻȰֻܾͬ⣺ðɣҸһȥ붪ҡ
ϪЦؿһŰвˣε㣬ú˵
⻹ࡣѩ㡣
ϪתͷԽ㡭
Խ̬Ҳһȥڵͬ壬Ϊ֪վܲŲʣ
ǾɡϪڡ
̸ϣĽǱҲ׼ȫһѶ
ϪһƼЩ߾;ϤɲؾóЩĽ׼ЩȫݺЧҲá
ڵĽһͨ£ˢˢģ
ԭϪòڳɫע⡣ĽһŪźÿʱüΪͨ˶ʮҳ˸ơ
ĸı䲻䣬ֻССĵҲΪȻ
ѩԽˡ
ѩֳȤŵĽֽá
*
׼ȷ˵ӦýгǾַ
ԭĳڶʮǰͱͻȻֵĳһѻյһɶ
ǳһͣ£ʱеľǳٲʿӳӳЩʿУһǰطһ˲Ը뿪ԭĳǸؽµĳǳء
ʮȥؽĳȻûȫֹĻԻ͡
ųǾַؿʿ࣬ǵǰδе֡
ĳ֣һʢ¡
˳˸⣬ҲһЩýСɺһЩɢ֣Ϫǰɢ޽ҲҲʮֲۡ
һǣĽûȥջҵһӣһСԺ
ˣĽǽ͵˵˽ոλҲ˵Ĳ£λǰܷס¡
Ϫͷ֪һֶĶ࣬˵Ľ˵ĻҲ⡣
деϢ⣬Ϫ˶ٵϵˣ
ϢܴˣҵʡĽΪѵ
¡Ϫǿ󣬡ɣΪѡ
ãлǰ¡
ϪˣԱһл˵ˣл˵ɣ
ϪϪС׳ȥһᡣѩȿڡ
űųСϵء
ϪСһĺǣֺõĽúһֻǣɹˡ
˿˺һᣬֱѩķţŵͷȥɡ
˵תͷԽҲһ⣿
뷨Խ̹ȻҳݣûʶңȥϢ׵
ȻеĽæҲԴУѩԽȥٺòѡ
ϪԿǺͬˣǺãһСΪϡ
ѩüЦر֤ϪϪɲҪСҡСҿ϶Ҳչ˺õģˡ
Խô˵磬òͷ
һߣԺʱҪȵĽϢϪҲһȥơ
ȵʱѰڵĽҲûҽϪ̫á
ʱһŮӡ
ŮӴһѣһԴ˿
ĽǷɪģʹһ¶ԷӣҧʵûˣҺο
Ů̧ͷһſ׵Ϫ
Ҳһ£Ϫſĳ࣬һŸϤȴر
Σ
۾΢΢Ŵ󣺡ʶң


82 
Ϫ˵˾䣺ֻżȻ
ֻĻ, ôһ¾ͽг֣ڿ֮¶顣
ɻɻ, ۭβֺصˣ˵һѾǼޡ
ͷɰͰ͵ԭ
ſϷĵĽɸֵصһۣź˼Ϊ˾ҵ˶ɳȥˣһʱϲڳֲעˣȽϿж˾ۭ, ǰʲôʻľԷԸȥ
Ϫͷʾ˽⣬ۭε˵˵
ǡۭ֯һԣ̿ڡ
ֻ¶һϢ֮ںħڵ˹˼¶ûӰǰһ, ƺµϢ֮, ܿһλ, û˶µЩҲûرյʲôϢ, ֮ͬǰһʱʱǰǾַѰټ
󡣡Ϫü΢֪˭
̫󡣡
Ϫɫ
֪, λ̫;һ˫ܿ͸ĻۣδΪٸ
ǻۼˣλٸһô, ʶʾǰϪļǰ, λٸһֱڱչأδ
ؾȻܾԷɽĸΣա
Ϫ߰Բ²ʱһ̫ȴᡣ
ͻȻֵˣϹɫΡ
ǰλӼٸͻȻڳǣһټɵţ֪˵ʲôЩ˵ɫôá
ºò˼䣬諵ʱӦ˲ͬ
Ĵţĺõػ˾䣺Ǻ£Ҫùˡ
˽⣬仰Ӧò⣺һĺ¡෴ʮֶӡ
仰Ħ˺ü죬Ҳûͨʲô£ôһϲŭɫ¶ôԵ
˾ǰ
ۣڵ̫ٸΪ²̫׵ɡ
̫ʿԣ嵱ǼټһСԣվͷһ㲻ĺΣſòŻ
Ǹҡȡ
ҡҡ׹ģһҲٰףã˵ɡɲħʥŮٸĴš
̫Ҳ֪Ϊԥ̣л
ºƺ˲٣ſʵ֪ٸͻȻΪ£
̫ûлش⣬˵һ䲻ԵĻʮǰҼһΡ
һ£ŵûӡˡ
̫Ҳ⣬ʱ㡣
仰˼Ͷˡ
ʱʲô
㣬˼ˣʲô
Ҳˡ
̫ҡͷ˵ֻܸǺ¡
Ķſڱտڶй¶ϰˣҲûôǿĺġ
οʲôģֻ֪ԼҪԼƴ
νüʵ ̫һ仰
ΪǿŰǰɡ
Ŀһ٣ûһ㣬ЦͣٸĪͬҿЦ˶֪ǿǣ˭մ˭ùġ⻰󴫳ġ
̫󶨶ؿβŵ֮⡣
˼
գգۣǺ⻰⡣
̫ûн͵Ĵ㣬˵仰ֱ˵Լ⣺㣬ǵڶߡ
Ǹǡ˵ֿᣬһע¾Ҫԡ
ỹδӦ̫ȴѾ׼뿪

ʻûõ𰸣ĻԷߣ鼱֮³֣ȵȡ
Ȼ˿̵̫ĻзǸĲ֮ˣμضֲ˵ҲƵſڡ
濴ҲǸʿ
ͷ̾˿һ䡣ǵĻԵǸÿ뿪
أ뿪ˡ
ģ֪߶߶
ᰵ䣬ȻԷ˵ذ̬ܸоԷû⡣
ϪҲע⵽̫ûƺΪǡͷβֻ˵ǣ󻹡
Է˵Ǿ䡰Ϊһš
ϾȺĳż⣬󲿷ʱǿһš
ȷһߣҪȥһϪ
ԭûżƤӵ±¶ʹ֪ϪҲ档̫һȴ⡣
˽ӱǿչؽ⣬ʱ諲١
ҵϪסԺӣʹϤģỹһϳԷ
СϪģǽ˲ϰߣһϲԭӡĿϪѲȦԾ
ϪЩϲ˵ҪЩʱղš
ᰴסĶ˳һᣬϣʳָĺͣмתôǰϪ㻹ˣ
ǡϪͷǸָϸ޳ƵģÿĽ
ɬ򦣬ְְ̧ס֪Ҳ˼
ðɣʶࡣһŹ
һ಻֮˿衣
ĥ죬ȥʱյĿȱ˼
˵ողΪʲôͻȻʵΪ̫󡣡
ϪЩ⡣
ͷš˵˼ֵĻ
ŶҪĻ𣿡
ɡңǵڶߡ˵ǵĻԵЩ뿪
ǣϪע⵽˵Ļᵽң
ԡ϶϶࣬ƺ˲̫һἰ̬Ⱥ֣Ҷ˵ЩʵΪ㡣
ϪģƷ˵Ҳŵġ˵ֲ
Ϫװģʱ򻹸һ䣬»£ֻû
мһûͬ˵뿪󣬲ĸѹһΣɹ׻񣬾Ҵȥܡ
ܣҲЦˡ
ܿɲǶ
˵̫ĻŰɣǶξԿԴﵽųϡ

֪Ⱥгһݡͬգݲͨ
뵽ȥν
֮ǰϪӦȥƣʵ֪ȥܵķ׵Ҳû˵סϴζԷǿѣҲ֪û£ܲһΡ
Զ׼Ƿ񶨵ġ
Ϫû취ȴһ
һĴ󣬾ھǲԶĵط˵Ŷ˶٣ҵʱʵȫ޸󷨡ҲֻƾӡƲǸͨܡҪȷٹȥһ˲УԽԽá
Ͼ˭Ҳܱ֤ᷢʲô£ǸпܾΨһϣ
ϪҲ֪һ㣬ȥ
޲뿪ô˽ٵøԷһѡĻᡣ
ҿԴӦ㣬һӦȸ㡣


83 
֮ǰ, ȥһˡ
ֻǼȻ͸¶Ϣȴʮֿ϶, ûκתء
ȻֻԪӤΪôܳܳ
ܲˣȻ˰е諵ĿȻ䵽ϣжһ˿ŹֵĹâͳЩƻζ壬ʹǶɽʿҲǷˡ˱ѾԼ𣬽Ȼһ
ӭĿ, ȻԼͬ˼붼Էǹһ㣬ʲôʲôΡ
ֱ欻Ϫʵһֻŵȫ, ǷΡ
һʱζӳ, ҵ˼, ʳһ󵨵⣺𣿡
ʳ⻰, ܶʱһļžԼ΢ٵĺ
֪˶á
ƺһǳЦ
Է˵İɣʱ򡣡
᲻֪˵ʲôʱ, ҲûȥܡֻҪ֪ǰԷᶯ־㹻ֻҪ諲֣мְյġ
, ҲҽϪԭ
˵Ǹ˺пʦֻܾ㡣ؿ, ԣϪ°ɡ
ֱ˾
Ϫ޷ֻܾǸεؿŶԷǸ
ָסɫǳЦɵϣʲôñǸֻȥֲȥܿͻˡʦĴ£²ȷġҲҪԼϲ˸ʲôѪļһ
ллϪָж
ֹл֪Լ࣬Ҳ
ðɣлԣҲҪ˵ģʵʵġ´ΡյϪС˵һ䡣
ϪȾϱۣ֧֧Ӧãðɡ
*
ߺֱѩԽŻ
⼸գһǰճΣϢӴСϢȴ١
ⲻһţѩһһܵϪߣһصʦҽտ˭ˣ
Ϊ˶Ŀڵɵɢޡ
ϪԽʦͬһ˴ʦãѩͽ
Ϫŵһһˣһ˷һΣֳһע˭ˣ
Ǹʦܼѩ߷ߵǸʶĵĽޡ
Ϫͷ׵ʦ֮˵ġҼʦܵ»δжۣԡ
ðɣ֪ˡѩƲƲ죬֪ûȥܿתƻ⣬һû˵أǸװȥ˳ǾַҲȥġ
Ѿ֪ϪȻ⣬ͷתһĵ£һŵˣ
ͦõģûʲô¡ʦҲܺãСҲáѩ̧ͷϪЩ顣
ʲôϪ
Сºϳˡѩڴﴧŵܲǡ
С˹꣬ԭŷµһͨӣżȻڴľ츳Ͱεߡ
ʦͽ֣ȴʦͽꡣ
㼴ʹϪͼͽҲû䣬Ϫÿμ˶ԷҪغһʦ֡
λʦԸºͣʮֺãϪʦˡѩǰݼڣǳƤʱǸ
ѩһԪڵ˺ܶ࣬λʦһݵģҪȻҲһϳ
ѩһøˣһЩᣬؿϪ˵
Ϫûֻʵʦ֣ͬ˵ʲô
ûСѩãȻҡҡͷҵˣһ𡣲ҿûа㹩Ҿ˵Ҹׯʦһ
ׯԽĻ
ϪԿԽ
Խλǰȷʵû˵ʲôֻƺʮ־ᡣƺǾ뿪ǣ̬ȴֲر
ϪΪʲôʦճʦߣеԼҲʮ
֪ˣȥʦ֡Ϫ¾
գԽСԺѩϪš
ǹ˹ϲû⣬һȻϵģ
̾˿źҲң֪⺢ִ
ʦ֡Ϫ̬ȹ
֪ˣ˹ʡ
ţ֪ˡϪͷ
˹ɫӵؿʵԣǾˣ
ǡ
ѩֿǸһͷˮ̲סǣȵȣϪϪСڴʲôգʲôң
Ǵ¡Ϫܵػһ䣬ֻҪʦְæ
ѩȻţ˫ֲڳϪһĿĲݵģ
ϪĬԶԡ
ǿ˹Χһѳѩڻǰëһ߰οСѩڣȻʦó¡
仹δʾ˹꼸ѾȷΪһԪһţԵ˻ǿԵġ
ѩһþӹ۲쾵б仯һߺ
ͷСڿ˹ɵָѸٱ任ģĩ˻ȡë׵ѩСڶߣԽɰ
ѩһԴֻСҲŻΡ
һ֣ӿ˹ðɣʱ㡣ϪϪһˣҧ㡣
ΪκŷĴûб˿ģûﵽ˵Ŀģֿɰ
Ϫְ̻Կ˹Ǿ鷳ʦ֡
˵ϵʽ㱧ѩ뿪
ϪϪѩſϪУСֽץס䣬ʣ뿪𣿡
ڿ˹ǰвˣʣϪʱŸұֳл뺦¡
ϪͷƼвɫЩۣȴòǿԼƲͷȥҲʦˡ
˲𣿡ѩдһ˿ϣ
ֻԪӤʿͷôܣһԪô೤ϣôͷǵϪϪȥðأ
ɶľȺΪʲôҪϹ˵ϪϪŲǻˡŵҲʲôöäϹ
ЩһʦϪϪڡ
ѩ֣ϪһϣС
Ǻðɣͬˡѩεڿʼһһֱ㣬粽롣
ɽ
ʹû˵ѩҲܸоβͬΣա
ʱڣղżң֪ΪֻеΣʱŻֳ͵Ĵ
ϪӦá
*
պ󣬳ַ
͸ʣԶڰĳǶܸܵȡ
Ϫֲþյ˹ĴŹȥ
ЩҪסҲҪЩʱ䣬֮»һγƤȥʱ
˿⣬֪Ӧɹסþͼѡ
߰ɡˣַȥ
ֵ˲٣˼Ҳûע⡣
ԽǹȸԽԣΪĸܲס½½ͣ²ڼ
ϪһԶλͣ£ĵȻǸŵˡ
ڵǰȺ˴ŷֳɡ
ħ޺޸ϣ˴˶ڲֻϾֺö˭Ҫ
̬ȲѲģҲһԪŽһµġ͸ħڣΪȫ諵һͷԷֳٳٲ̬
һȺػصش棬ԼһͷϪû̫þͽˡ
⵹Ⱥ˳ʲôˣ諷ˣ˵ôʲôã˭Լܽ𣬾һԡ
ΪİϵʿҸطչأײڳУΪߵҲǶɽ١
諲һʮء
ֻжɽΪʵնɱĽɢɡ
ʵһ㲻Ըһڣֹս־磬ͬʱҲǱ̬һ֤
Żֵ
Ƭ̣˿ڸͣ˵ĶԣȱȻ߾֮˭žһԡ಻ţԸλǰ󡣡
˵ʬŵ˾ԼٶС
һжԭͬ˵ħ޼⸱Ҫɣһáһ߷ɿظȥ
е˽֮ħ޾Ҫ࣬Ҳֻ֣û١
ۼŵ˶ȥˣɢ޺Сɵ˲ʵҲֻұ۸
ܿ죬ͱһˮһ½
ÿ
һ캰صĽкһŻ򣬲һͻȻдڳ
ʲôæ˭һӻȥʬ˿ɲܽȥʬ
Ƕɽٴܡ
Χ۵һĬĬˮ뷨
ʬûãŵڶˡˡĸ
ôˣһЦŽȥɥûһ⡣
֮ȻͬСɡ
һ˼״Ҳ׷½
סѣշȴһ¡
ǰǾ˭Ҳġ
һǰ˴˵жԵˣգۼַ³ɼϴѹ棬֮
Ϫ״Ŀʶơ
ԷǸ²ؼģϪ֪ǲԼĴӲӶԷϾһɳŪζ
Ƶ̫ã諺Ȼ̧ۣĿϪС
ûж⣬ȴ޶˾Σա
ڵϬҪƲסܳ
諵ֻɨûע޹ؽҪˡ
Ϫһüͷš
ڶֱǿǣϪбǿһ㡣
ջĿ⣬ѹ¸˼Ϫֿ˿һԪڵķ
ϣһ²̬˹ͼһһһԪˣ㶼վš
һԪڣϪ̫
Է£Ҳ˼ֺ档
̫ԶϪݣֻƼԷһ˿ľϣʱʱ鶯¡
ԼĲ̫á
й諵ĽѵϪֻҲݲһۣҶơ
ʱһȥȺҲ׵һ֡
ϧûиı䡣
һٶƣ𳹵׷ŭڴкֱײĽײһ·
ۼӳﲻһ
˭֪һ̣ӳȻϵײһڡ
˲ǱˣǼ
һ˲䣬̱ͨ죬һ㡣
ʦȡҡ
ʷ̫죬Աߵֹ
ʹĻûԥ̾Ҫ֡
˱졣
˹ٿȻһ
ͬʱϪϵѸײڶ֮һڼϡ
ԭͱĥһϢ岻ܿƵǰƫƫ
ģԼȥѹϪһ˵һͨƽԴԴϵ֮ͽڡ
һɰԵһ͡
͵ڽ棬Ҳúܡ
۵ݶҧ飬ĻжѹǸļһֲܲô
ѹסԷֻбճɻҵ³ϪԿǶԷշĺʱ
ʦ㡣
͵͵ػһ֪ЩʲôۿʼרĶԸǳ
ܣϪҲöܡҪԷڣҪƲ˵ԷķѾͬһ㡣
Ϫûע⵽Ǿ΢ŵֳעµʱ򣬼ڵҲβ
ϪֿΧȺˡ
֪Լ¶ˡ
ֹݱ¶֮Ҳһ¶
ͬʱҲףЩڲΪ諵ѹơ諰ĲߵļһʧȥüֵҲ֣ʱΣղŻ١
ʦϪ˵ʲôվûʲô˵ġ
ˡ
Ϫѩв֪ʱᡣ
˽ߵһ̣Ϫǡͣ֡
һʱ䣬붯
УȻһߡ
ϪԷֽ̧һž޴˿ЩҪֵУͼһ֮зꡣ
ʦ
Ϫקţ˫Ŀ΢΢ģֻţͣ£ͣ²ֹԲԼԲˡ
Ϫ߰ɣ˵һᱣ㰲ȫ˹վһºͣλϣ֣
˱£ᷢͷ֮⡣
ûõڶ
ͷ͵ص㲻Ǵʱ뾡ϵ֮ǰֵǸ
Щӣһֱ취޲󣬵һЩʱ䣬ԲŻȥôøˡ
һ·УضûС
ڴ󽫽ʱ̣׷
Ѿ˶˵һ
ʯ֮䣬һˣǵâһ˵Ӱԭʧ


84 
Щ, һƿƷ
ϪһŮó޵ȡһƿɡ
Ů˿Ҳ, ְѵҩսСҩҲߣս׽ŵʦλûѰ
Ů˻ǧ⺣ʿ
ǰϪͨ͵һߵСϡһϪͰѴٻȷǱߵ˲׷
ȫ֮ϪƣǶɽʿһԷȫ, ʹûҪҲ˵ʹԡ
ϪϵĵҩֻݻƣҪȫκñߵȼĵҩԭȥĵҽΣ֪ⶫܹΪϸ, һЩƫԶС, ԿĵһЩ͵һûݵ˶, Ҫ˵ΪϸʮȺɵ
ϪĽ, ԴҲû취ֻҸС¡
˵ǣڵЪ², ͷһãȻЧ΢ܱʲô, ٳɶࡣ
֮ϪʹѩͻԵڵ϶
Ե, ʦ࣬ĵҩƷҲʮһ㡣ϪԸЩеƷѰԼżҲ㵤ҩȥȡ
Ͳòһ䣬£ܵȺ޼࣬һעͻ᷺ģγ޳
һ࣬лҲкôܵʦúڵķ޵ͬʱʵ
õҪõڵдǧҪҲƵһ嵤ҩ
Ϫֻ뼸˽˼εҩĵҩƷʼãһ࣬ȥۼϣҪ͸ɴһҵ̣һҩһߵѡ
ǧĳͣƷԲΨһ㣬ĥš
֪Ϫзʱ˱ȸһǰһΡ
ϪϲŮˣϪ
֪ϪλԲڴĲֿʼȰϪļޡ
ѩȥΣڶŮ˻û·һ㣬ûûƤش
ӾˣϪɴ൱
ʱԷ⣬Ϫѵ̧üһ񣺡ˡ
Ҫ˵ŵʦᣬΪָߣôãοһ
ǧûûƤ˵˰ΣźȻӦһʱźʡͬʱϣѡ˰
ٲѣѲɻҪǽǣһ͸żɫ䴫
һֻ޳ÿɴһòӴ߳ϷžòĲ԰ףŴĪһݴУ̲סϧ
ѩʱĽѧһ֣ϪһֱòķӣͨͨòҲעһֱڳ˯УҪˣò
ǧľؿˣɫ㱣֪㳤ǸˣҲԸšҸֱȡ衣
֪ԷǸˣһϴԷԱ
Ϫ˳ĵһʱ߹ȥزԷ£ǧĻбһۣҵ˲Ҫ
ǺǡǧڨЦһĵؽͣЦЦѣֲϲˣٺÿҲС
ŶϪĿɨӰ㡣
˭ǧһ˵һ߻ͷԷʱ˲Ȼ
㣬ո˵ĻϴΡ˵ŮһŽοɰϹȻı顣
ǧֻͷƤһһƵĻæȥһѽקȥȥ˵ȥ˵
Ļˡ
ϪջĿ⣬Աһζᡣ
Ŀ⣬Ҳתͷʵ̬Ϫӡû˵ؼɩӡ
ϪΣֳδ档
һвǶԷһԸˡ
û뵽ǧ˼
ԷһֱϪ;˵ҲϲŮˡ
û˵ǧһ˵ֲ֪֮ܿ˵е£Թ˵ΪǸˣö֮˶֪λ䵭ŵʦиԲڴĲӷ
գڲǰ滹ҪӸò
ǧԣҵ˵ЩʲôϲϪᣬ˵һ䡣
֪ûעʵŶСϪϲŮˣһֱң
ϪϲŮˣҲϲˣֻϲ㡣
ﲻ֪ϲԷ˵ŹʡϪһ˵͸ˣ۾гһ䶯˵
û˵仰˽ҩ
һƼģҪһ̰̣һп˵λŵʦķģȻòˣѹ
Сϵʿ㴾ӣ￴Ϫòȴֻ῿Ůķ˵ȴֳֺЦף
ȻҲôһῴɫģɬ˿һòʲôãһܴҲֻŮ󺰾
⻰Ǹ˶Ὺģһ겻Це˵˵ĺܶԣ˭иʦԸأŶ㲻ûаɣ
֪ܡܻ
ˡﲻٻӭ㡣Ϫȵֹͳˡ
ɫˢذˣӭҲζϪ֮󲻻ҩ漰ʱû˼ĵĵֻڣæϴ
Ϫᣬ뿪Լְ˸˳ȥ
Ȳص뿪ϪǸεؿ᣺Ǹ
ע齻Ҳûע⵽ǵĹϵģƽ׽ί
ᵹίͦϲЩ˸ݣⲻͦõģҿȺ˾ǼòܸɡϧҵģǵòǼȥɡ
۾תȦͻһӻˮ
Ϫ֪ĶȤζ˼飬治գת˵Ŀǰ
ǰԷϪֻü򵥽֮£λûü˵ͱǧϡ¸£ϪԹϸ˵
סӵ֮ǰλŮ޾ӵŮǧѩӵʱҶĶࡣǽΪλԶԷĶõɡ
أȡϪ׼ĵҩָͷСĵ裬͸ǶƵһһ档˿Ȼе˵
רŸĵϪ㲻ۣʣͼ˵ȥӵΧĺ޵ȼ̫ͣƵȻûдáǧ˵Щʱյϻ֯ѰǱߵĺ޵ȼһЩѰı˵аԭҴٲѣ͸һˡ
ͷеĵҩԸԴ࣬ɫһ䣺ֻ޵ζã´αˡ
Ϫ˵á
Ժڵĵҩˡ
֮ǰĻ⣺أѾѹͲȥˣ
ϪĬƬ̲ŵҪȥݴǧ˵ǵϡֲƻЧ
ӵʲôãֲᡣ
Ǿȥɡν
ѩ㡣Ϫĵ
áܾҺһȥ
ϪͬҲãպʹǧ˵
ȻϵʿΪ̫ߣڵѩڵϣϪǲ̫ġ
ͷƺˣѩСȥĶˣôҲû
˵˾͵ˡ
ϪϪһءףѩ˵һ뼰ʱĿڣ˰
ĳƺһ㶣ܣһЦһ֣ˡŮõ
ϪЦסһСʶץһС׵ëҪ
ëϴ޶ۣСײҷֻܡءؽУϣϴע⡣
սȴѩϪ
ȷſСװɡϪ
ѩŷԼС޶ѹæֱǸЦЦ·
ϪŷõľҲø֪һߵ֮УҲһȥ
ѩԣ˵ϪҾ֪ϪϪ᲻ҡ
һˣǵأ
ѩ˵ƫͷһ֮˵ᣬһ᣺Ҫһ°ɡ
Ȼ᲻ԸؼʱԷġ
ҲһȥϪ
ѩϵľȥתƵҾ֪ϪϪҡ
ϪεͷһֱʹɫỳС
ѩȻԸҪ
ϪһǣΪѵؿ岻á
ѩ鲻Ը뵽ԷϾΪǲ˳ǿһᡣ
ϲЦտСӣȻ㶼ҵˣҲܲӦԺҾͲ۸ˡ۸㣬Ŵܴˣһô
ѩһۣм㣿
ҡôҲǸǡС˵
ѩٿϪβŵаɡ
ĸû飬ˡ
ͬģϪԵˣһļҡ
һ̿ʼƺһ˵ĸо
ܰû̫ñ顣
㣬㡭ѩû˵Լŭᡣ
İַ£ûעˡ
ϪǸдΪѣͬ㡭еˡ

ֹ鳳֣Ҳû˭涨ֲǼҡ


85 
˵Ҵǧ, ⼸տĪ˲١Ϫص꣬ڶնſڵ˸, һûѿ˵Ҳ˵
ϪڳʱǧѾšͬʱϪԷǸһֱֻ˵Ĵ硣
ݴǧ˵Էһֱֲ⼸һֱԷӰԭˡ
˷һţǧզզؿڣŵʦղң
ʯ𣿡Ϫӻ, ȷʵˡ
ȿȣ㡭ҲڰǧЦӯӯģ֪ߵĻģHһ¾ͺˡ
Ƭ̷ӦЩ߳ŭصһ, ͦͦŽָԱߵˣŵʦ, Ҹ, Ҵǧ͡
ǧͬ, λǧٵûŨüֻۣ͸һֳȡĵĸо
ڸˣ֮ǰǧŵʦ㵤ˣҲŵʦĶ, һ֪Է顣
˵ǧѾϪһ顣
ӵϵ˳˵⣬ֻнΪ֮ǰϪΪ˲עĿ, ҲֻΪ𵤺ڵʵ
ڣʶǧͬΪԪӤ, ̽飬Ҳһۿ
ʹֻ𵤣ϪʮҵĹ䣬ټһ弶ʦͷ츳ʹĵҲٮٮߣȷʵһ䡰Ϊ
ᣬģȷʵǧ˵Ǹѵõˣǧȴ֮ǰֻ˵ԷǸصķ֮ǰûô˷ϡȻˣŷԼȻ͸ԷΪ
ǧԼԪӤΪȴһҲԷΪǳڣǾֻ˵ԷΪٱ߳һ󾳽硣
ǿǻ񣬼ʹԷˣҲǻ񡣿ңһ弶ʦߣԷ˳κá
֮ܶһ仰ˣǵġܵҪܽá
뵽һ㣬ǧת̬̬Ƚǰֹ٣ˡǧð֪λǰγƺ
ϧ֪ԼСǰĺͿ£Ȼһϳȥһ٣ѹ˹µǸ
ǧԵ⣬һ⡣
ǧ͵ĻʱӲŤͷƿЦǰ
ǧıִȡᣬȤζؼ𣺡ڣǰϾֻһòķˡ
˵Ŀǧϴ
ǽǣɼΡ
⻰ǰ˵ġ
ǧɫѿʶش£ЦǺǣǰ˵Цˡ
ϪᣬֻһԲվߣȶԷ湻˲Űա
ˣˡ͹ԷǱģҲɢˣ۰ڳһƣģϪ
Ϫĵˣ
šʲô¿˵ա
áϪӦ
תͷŴǧͶϵʧλҺ£
ǧͼ̬ȣҲĥߴֱ⣺Ϊ߿ߵ¡
Ϫ֮ǰҲ׼ΪҴǧ¶Է˳ƵҲ°ٵ֪߿֮УٵϿɻж
ǧԥ֮ɫȨβŵʦҪ

࣬ǧͿԴӦãҿԸ㡣
ԡ
ǧͰ֣ŵʦ˵ٴӦҲ١
Ϫͷڳϴ̬
ǧһ⣺ڴ֮ǰŵʦ߿˽٣
ࡣʵϲǲ࣬ǻһϲͨ
ǧǧ˵ǵе²⣬ͷʼ˵
˵ܴССĵԼ󵺻ãдأһ㺣޲ҿӵشԵСŵʦ֪ΪҲܲܺϮ

ǧ͵ĿͣûõӦԼһഫĺƤ˿εؼ˵ȥ
ⶼΪϵķֲ֡޳ʱֵ޳ƽʱɢһɶصζ𿿽㺣ޡֵĺĲϾ߿ߡ
߿ʵҲһסĲʿߡ߷ֳǿڲŵĶҺԵϼûУ⣬ɢζʹе޲ԾԶ롣ûơ
Щڵϼǿȴһ㣬Զܳһ̤ߵʮ
߿ڶֹܲһӵߵʵСˡȻⶼص㣬صǺ˷ߵ˺ޣλ㶨¹涨ÿʮ꣬ߵ˶ϵߣõͳһϽϽֵ
ˣÿһζ߿֮УʵǸ֮ıֱӹغÿʮķչһ߿֮Уӵ׷βء
ǧ㣬սʮĥҲΪһء
һЦĴǧҲֵʮǰŵʦǰҹϣ׵¡λ˲С˹ĪҼƽϡ߿֮жԵϾҪλԸ֣ǧԸ⵱ţλ
ۣ˵ĻʵüƤǳǳƿһ죺ס˵Ļ
ãȻõӦǧ־ϲ
ϪҲʱڵ˵ˡ
ǧæáһϽǧ顣ڲ㣬ĶٰöΪ顣
ϪӦԡ
ڶ߶ԼǿֻļϵĽⶾܵ߶ϣŵʦڳ֮ǰṩöļⶾʮö弶ⶾȻ϶ṩ
ϪʱȻѹͳɵƷʣó̫ˡʮöⶾʹû¯ʮöҲҪʮ¯⻹ʧܵ
ֻʣһʱ䣬һͨ弶ʦҪȻʮּѣϪһ˲ͬ
ãҴӦ㡣
ǧͿӦˬ죬Цϣŵʦ˺ˬҲܰװ׳顣С˵λȥĵĴ㣬߿֮нҵԸ֪λһ·ӣȻĵȴȵĵĴ󵺡
⻰һϪᶼ£棿
ǧͿһۣ϶Ȼƭλ
Ǿ͵߿֮нϪ
Էֱ˵Ȼ˵õϢֱ뿪Ҳʲô֮ͽԷԸ˵ҲȾǡ
̸׺˾͸뿪
ڶմǧ;԰ƽⶾҪҩĺ޵š
æƽⶾϪҲȥ뵽뿪Ӧòٻȥ˵һӸˡ
*
ʱһζһºܿ쵽ڡ
գϪϴǧ׼Ĵֻ
ֻƽ˾գ;Ҳˡӵʵ̫ͣЩ˴кԸʹ߶뿪
ֱһգϪѩ죬Ȼ
޴Ļζʹ崥Աᡣ
Է͸ĴûϪæ˻ڻ
Լ˰յ裬ǹͣ¡
ûãǧܹ˽ͣԭͷˡ
ǰ˻ûоֱ⼸ļˡ˲žԣӵʵ̫ˡ
һȥһˣϪ⣬ʣµֻдǧһԪӤʿ
ԭΪǹ涨ˣֱʱŷֲΪ涨ӵʵȷʵڶԪӤʿò
ӵԪӤʿҪפغ뿪ε
˴ǧͣҲ˽Եɡ
ʮǰӵʵ㲻ǰУҲ
һжԴʮǰǳߵǴα;ӵڵ뵺ĸ˶Թڱʹ֣ӺӵϺüԪӤӵǴ׹β֮ŻӵʹûԪӤʿҽӵ
Ϫĳֻһ⣬ĳֶӵŮԣȫǸľϲΪ˻˼ŰϢסûЩ֪
ϪҲƽ
ҷģҺ͸ֻǽסϢ׼⴫¿ûƭ㡣ǧıҪжģᡣ
Ϫ֪˵ĵ£϶ԷȷʵûҲûʲôɼƽϵġ
¡˵˾䣬ü΢֮ԣŵĶײֻ¡
ǡǧͷͷǵĶˣΪǲ񡣡
ҵҪѵҲ񲻳ɡѩʮֲأ
ˡǧΣϵеˣ鴬ȼǸߡ
Էײ˾ߣ׷׷ϡ
ѩҧߣǰ£ȵߵҲǵƤ
Ϫ״û˵ʲôʵ࣬ѩ¶ˡ
ǧ˽뿪ȥ顣
Ϫøࡣ
֮ǰ᲻ϲǴǧѾͷΪЩ⣬ԷΪʲôôִǽˡ
Ͼһнף츳п߽ܽ׵ĵʦγûʿ
Լ뷨˵ϪϪ˵ĩ˲ŵˣҲĴңϣϡ
ѩͣǾǡҿǸǧ;ͱĺá
㵹ģǶԷ̸Ϣǣ˶ᣬֶƵΪ
ҿǴǧҲȫûпȡ֮Ϊ֮ŮľģǸĵˡȻתڿ
ţϪɻ
ѩɵضڴʲô⣿
ƤգգۣŬŬ°͵ϲĻ⡣
ѩ˵ķƹȥϹȻ¶ͬЦݡ
ϪҲǱߣȴֻǧǸŮ˵
תͷźѾĳЭһһСϪеɻӱࡣ
ʣȿڵϪǲǡ
áǾͰɣԭҲ뷨
ЦЦҲܰװӣ
ѩԥһ²Ÿȥ
ʶѾͷߵǸŮ𣿡ʡ
ѩͷʶϲǧ
͵͵˴
á


86 
ߵ
ʮͬԪӤʿ֮ϡ
, վĹĿɨӹ·Ⱥ߿ʮѵտ, Ըλڽչܣȡ顣ʱһ˱˳ߵΥߺԸڣλ뵺ˡ
仰һźţнյϢԾֳͬĶ飬˷ӿȥ
˶Լϰߵ·, ϪȻӵһ
ߵⲿƽ˾űЩʿסĺҪͣȴǽȻ෴
ֱԼʮԿһ޴һ, ߿С
, Ӱ, ˻˻ƤĦԼɵ
̤, ЩӰͿøǳǳһ۾ͷƤ顣
ƽĶۣߵѿ, ˵ǼƯ
ӣһ۵ĵɫֻиһ׺ۡΧֻΪҲֻдĴָϸ
ʮϲ, ܴػкܶϲ
ǰĶ, ʵ̫ˡĵһѾëȻĵز
ⶫķֳٶǼһξһΣտ߿߶ˣ
ɣ˵ڵ鲻ֵǮ˼һҲеáĿĲ𣿿ҲɾⶫҲѡ
˿ʼߣѩô֣ӴߣҲСĴҴڡ
ֻЩڵСӵԼ˾ͿԽѩ˶ûж֡
ĳЭ飬⼸һֱߡ
֪˺ܶೣʶû˵ļ죬ͻ᷺ģ߿ơϵ͸޶ԼÿʮЩʿϵһΣԪӤɱͬʱҲһЩڵİ߱ȫɱ಻һ
Բͬ˷ֲͬ룬ʵҲΪ̶ȵɱЩߡ
˾ٲ
Ϫá
һûʵҲȫǺ£߿߾ôԴޣЩ͵ôֹطȥֻȡĽ
Ϊһ㣬޺ʶؿȺ
ﾺȻˡ
Ϫע뷨ĵһ£ԪӤһɱԪӤ֮أ
ڣǧȻҲ뿪̫Զº֪˵æӿڵ
ԪӤϵȻҲɱֻ޵ԪӤڵ߲ƽǰɱҪԪӤʿܶԸ
˵ԼĿǰĵײһɱʹʵǿһ֮ԪӤֻҲɡ
ǹ鵣ǣǧδĵ׵ֳܿѵͬʱҲǰʾţԼλʵԿһԡ
˶٣˵Ŀ˼ࣺǣһұλϰֻԪӤΪʿһй¶ѰϢ˵ǱߣĵЩǰҲù
⻰˵˼ǳΪʿƻ򣬶ֻᵽй¶Ϣתһ룬ݽԣʹóԪӤʵ
һҲܽΪΪԣȻͬ뵺
ϪȻǲִ֪ˣϾǹغĴ£ҲҺ
лѣǻע⡣Ϫ
Ҳһĵźţ⸱ӣʲô𣿡
ǧһҲǣԷ궼ãʹΪٸߣʵҲһܷӳ
ûб˼ϵ˶֪ǧλէŶ˵һ䣬λƷȻŵùġ
Ϫû˵ʲô
һṦΧѾز࣬ԽɢԽһˣһ·ƽ
ѩصߣһѻƶСӣӱƤʵɫԲԲһ
ѩһŽͰ͵ؽ£ױƵøϪⶫզأζȴϪϪҪ𣿡
Ϫǻʵޣûų˵ζҲûнʯͷ뷨ھܾĺ⣺á
һζһ㡣ȼ̫͡
ãԳȴã뵽ֵֻ˲˺ʱ˯СߣᶯָѶԷų
ˡС¶һ˯ѵģ
ѩɱ˲ߣէһ̲ϰԳ֣÷ӦʱһʱԻ飬󷽵׳һԷ
԰ɡѩ۴
лл
ʹǧĬĬɻ̻ض
ŵʦڵѣǼ·ɡ
˵ͷ
ѩų̺Сǰ·ʹǧҲԷɢƺðڵİ
ΧİģԽߵĵȼϿҲ֮ǰôֲ
ڵ˶ǺϪҲЩ飬Ȼûг֡
һֱֵһֻڵʹǧûп壬Ѿꡣ
ûУ̫ݵȻѾ⵺ϵɥʧΣյľ͸֪ͻΣʱǽҲ޻֮
նɱϪߵǰ
ߵСڵҲָֻϸҵߴڣýƣһöСָͷСӡ
Ӳֹ֮ǰõȦɫҲϲ١ϪһްģܸܵƵĵҪ˵Աߵֻˣ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ϪһۣƫУɴ˭תַŵС
СֻҲĶתĴ
ΣϪʡ
ϸϸһ£¶һ֮ɫһתֽ˳ȥҸоǵȼٸһЩҵƻкô
ȥҼֻԪӤԣϪ˵
СֻΪһĹССƬ̣ջѩΪΪӮҡ
黹δ¸ѩȲӻ޳ɣھȥ
̺СҲС
ۼ˾ҪǧϽڣȵȣλӦû֮ǰӦҸɣ
СֻãȻʲô
ϪһۣͬСֻ˵һԷĽݡ
ǧҪǧ飬ٳ𵤣ΪİҲҪǧȻǷƺ
ȻϪƳһۣ򶨡
߿ڲ󣬼ʹ֣ϪʵҲ˼ǧ顣ٳҪϽģҲʣ²١
ֻǿϧǣЩ鼸ֻڵģн𵤡Ҫܡ׹涨öüǰ
ʱһѾߵغԶˣһֱߵĺʹǧӵѲټ
ǰŨ˺ܶࣿϪע⵽仯
ǧʱڣӦÿ߿вˣ￪ʼʹжأŶл⣬þ⣬ĽҲ࣬Щ߻СıҧһڣһʱڲⶾҩʯҽǰҴŵʦƵĽⶾλϿдţûУɷֳһЩ
ҲҲС
һٺˣٿŽⶾһ˷һҲûţҲö฻ԣ
Ϫĵ˿ۣãбá
ҪȤζһЩóһŵҩڴǧǰ˻ΣƷʺá
弶ƷǧˣֱĽط
Ҳ̲סġ
ӵֻǸСϵʦٵĿЩʦȻ弶ȴѳƷǰϪԸ̫ͷóȥҲֻƷ
ǧƵضϪȻʵ
ϪϾһ·ͬУȡһֻƿָˡ
ʮöƷⶾ˲סǧ죬˵۾춼쿴ˡ
ҲˣҪŵʦ̫ˡ
ʲôϪ
ͼóһöҩ¡
ûӦǼƷûɣĬĬ˿ڿˮһƿƷȷʵʲô
ƷޣԼǿ֣ϪȻóȥ顣
ʹǧҲ̰ˣܰ׵ƷѾмĻġ
ȫµҩ׼ǰȻƳһбࡣ
Сճء
ѩһųʶɨһ飺ֹһֻ
ϪҲע⵽˸ţΪӵˣʶһֱûע⡣
ʹǧɫ䣬ϵӵˡ
ӵȴӵ·ߣû͡
ȻҲµһ㣬ǧüӦˣôҵ⡣
ҪҲӦŶԣΪ˴ǧͻصǷֿ
ĪǡǧͺȻϪɫѿǷݡ
ѩ˫ĿԲߵûȥǵ鷳ǻǵ鷳ȻҴϪϪ⣬ôǡ
ǡ

̺С׸͡
棬̫졣Цţ˵Ļȴö١
óмˣϪҲûʲô˵ˣһȼǰ߰ɡ
УǰϪƵĽⶾ£Щ˿ɾͲһˣҩƷʾԲᳬǡ
˽붾Ⱥ˹Ȼ󣬲֪ʲôԭһֱû֡
ģѩûУѩкһʹų̺С׺ˡ
ûһ洫һǺĽ
ѩȥżҧҧˣѶԷŰ
СʱĻ̲֮ס
δ̫ˡһűµ˴߳
һѹȣƺֳһ˷̬ϧǸĳʵθڡ
ͲˣװҲװ
ٵ⻰˵˰ɣҪ˵֣Ե޹̤˸˲Ǹ֣ٵʲô˼Լ֪ס嶯Ĵǧ
ǧһҲ侲һתͷϪ˵λٵΪˡնСǼĳϲ֡
㡭뵽ԼĿģĿڴǧһɨһָƽ͡
޵ĿϪۣע⵽ԱߵᣬһĨ֮ɫ漴ע⵽һװ¶Ӷ֮ɫ¿Ϫ
٣˵ǵʦµ͡ϵ֧֣ӵּԪӤʿòСɱȡ
Ϫüеһϱûʲô飬һŨصĺ˵ͬ˱һ㡣
ȥ
ɴֱӡ
ټ״ɫҲ²ٿǿǣ
Ҫ
ǡͲҪˡ
ٵĻѩ
ȥɡ
ͬʱһɫҩ۶ͷϣҩһӴƤڻɫζۼҲûù
ʲôʶԣĿ綾ߵֱͻȻֵǸСޡ
ѩЦЩﰡ
ղ͵͵ģӲ۵ĺöЩˡ
ףӳһöѹһߴߡ
䲻⣬֪Է˶ڣǳԿæöԷע뿪
ܱŨ˱ӳѹһ½ţӦ׷ʱﻹõӰ
ܻ벻滹иյڵ
߿߷߷ۣóǧֱĿɿڴ̲סֻ
ע⣬޵߷ۡ
ʲô𣿡ǧɻ
ͬ⡣
žԪӤڵò̫ԶĻҲᱻ
ǲ̫ԶǶԶѩ˸˷ܵĹâ
ʮ֮ڰɡ
⡭ǧզ࣬ⲻͰ϶ˡ
ߵŶ󣬲סĵؽ磬ԼΧڵмһȦסŵĽ𵤺ԪӤɲ١
ʮ֮ڵһȫЩЩĶѣڵ졣
ҲڿЩ˵ùȴǧһ㣺һôҲΣգ
⡣ӦϪ
üҲ˼
˼ǣɱߣȡ顣ϪԼࡣ
ˣΪ˲źȻ
̫ˣǧ˫Ŀ
ˣٷҲȥ
ˣѩֻ޾ӦؼáΣǵȻģôҲԶ׼ġ
Ժߵļʴ󽵵͡Ҳ⣬Ͼ̵߽֮Ϊˡڻ£ÿֻ߽޳Ѩеڶֻ߽ޣⳤҲҪߡ
ж߽ޣߵĳѨܶȻˡ
ߣϪȻа͵նţһ񲻿ϧ
ҩܺʹһ˵һߵȴ
һյʱ䣬ϤϤ
ˣ֡Ϫһ£ûһŵġ
ȻҲֻǱϡһֱ漸ѹעʱƹԪӤ
ڣѩҩ۷յغܺãԪӤرʱʱֻϪѩ㹻Ӧ
ڽڣ˳¡
һһҹûЪһ
ỹǵ͹߿Щ
ɱߣȡ顣
ͬĶظѾȫҪ˼Ϊ
죬ϪռǧŽͼٿԪӤ飬⻹ġ
Ҵɱɱע⡣
߿ģѨķÿһѨѨ롣
ϣӵߵڷϣһѨ
ϵȻۣʶѸٷųǱߣԡ
Ƭ̺еɢȥȡ֮Ǵſϲľ⡣
˻˻ڶѨԼһ京Ļ
뿪
߿ߡ


87 
ôоԽԽˣǧֵ
ҲˣǴ, ЩߵȷʵԽԽ١
ǧʾĻɣôɱɾˣ
Ҳ֣мǻӹһҩ
˼Ƭ̺, һܵɣǱˣϾߵĶ̫Щ˵һЩҲȫ̡
˵ͷ˵㿿ס
ϪȻͣ˾ȥղЩˡ
ǻҪи׼šЩֱжá
ϪĲһȺ˿ɱǱĶࡣ
Ϫ뿪󲻾ãپͲԡ
ʱֻǾ巢ѩ, ٱĥͷһ㣬˺һŽǹѹȥ
Ȼһƽһ
Ъһܵİ߸ϵˡ
ͬʱ, Һ滹иԴԴϵӿⳡ, ˭򶨡
ٵһӦ, ȻҲһܡ
ϧѩҩ, ܵٿҲá
֮Ҳ֪ͳԼϡ
ǷҩǷùûκθı䡣
ò, ҲֻܲͣӦС
ʵ̫ˣϪǱ屶ࡣ
Щȫηһ, ˭ҧһģôɱꡣ
һ, һµĲȴֻǼǻƣľ֮󲻾ǰϵ⣬޻֮Ⱥ̳븹
･⣬ϾûҩʱȺҲһֱ׷ǲš
ͷһٰȥ
Ҳ֪֪Щһߣ͸ֻеķݶ
׼ߡٲһвգ˭ҶһҾɱ˭ȻҲǽǰװҵȺ߱˭֪ΪʲôطҲˣҷɢǸΣաңϻвٷֵܶһ󡣡
Ϊ֤ԼԷ飬ٵóһڡ
ֿ֧һʱץָ
˼״Ҳ뿪£ԭҵط»ָ
֮óüһʱ䵱ǿסˡ
ˣϵսһȺȻļϪǵʱѾǿ֮ĩԪӤʿãЩʿֻƾһӲˡ
ң֪ʲôʱΧѾԽԽ٣һҲûˡ
˸һȻ˼ϢʱȻϤӰǰ
ֱֹ޲Ѫ⡣
ǣٶݺݵضͻȻֵļˣҪһ㡣
⼸˵ȻϪǡ
ЩȣǴ˿̵״̬ˬˡ
ٵŭ˿š
ѩһа¶ЦݺƢʣϲ𣿡
ôϲ
˫ðǵ߳Ĺίߡ
ϲȻϲҧص
ƳһԵĴǧͺȻҲЦֻЦݿʮŤϣ͵Ҳϲ
ǧӭĿ⣬뵽ʲôɫһ䣺Ҹ硭ʲô
ֻ뵽ѾǣǱҲһȫ
ټʹı飬ϵЦ˵㣺ڲŷ֣ϧˡ
ٶһĿڼһһͬ˺ֹ磬㣬ǣӵ˶ȥɡǶˣӵȻҲڡ
˵ÿ⣬ǧȴǷζըˣżǵͨ죬˫ȭգֱҲܲס
ȭһȭӳȥֱš
ȻʱǧޣһȭʮɹȭգȻ¼ɼѪӡ
һȭҲ׷Ӧŭڣ˺ƤҶ֡
䣬˷׷׳֡
ٴ˴ιֻԪӤʿʮʿ֮ǰڵ߳ʱʿҧûвδܼʱ½ҩ
ʮһߡ
Էȫǽ𵤣սӮ䡣
ٺţвֻš
Ȼϴǧʱʧ
ľ棬ϪǱֵĸ򶨣ϾĶԾǶοڡ
ǧѾ٣ϪѩҲû룬ֱԪӤӦʣµĽ𵤡
ϪʵԸһԪӤѣǱ߽Ҳ죬˳ְ˽𵤺յߡ
˶ʵйоأûʲô˵ģǴǧ
һޣԪӤʿʱȻܴɸƽ֡
Ѿͷƽʱŵɵģȴмֺݾ
Ϫ۲һͬ츳ȷʵǿ
ô
Ϫ֪ô˵ŵʵĸǱǿҲ䣬Ψһֻʱͻᡣ߿֮нʣӦ⡣
ЦЦĿսϣ˵ĲŲˣȥһѰɣٵȥǱ߿ɲһŵס
áϪҲһĴ㡣
Գ֣ٺܿ·磬ٷԼһʣΣ֮ʣپַóһ
ãҪءǧг
ڣԷļƻעʧܡ
ĹһعƽٵԪӤҲƬ̵ͣ񱻶һ㣬ʹһ㡣
پؿ᣺㲻ǡ
Ļ˵Ϊǧˡ
䲻֪ΪͻȻ֣ͣôõĻᣬѸץסһ˿϶ݺݳ֣һȭٵԪӤ
һȭ׼ٵӡ
һ£ʮŨҳޣǧҲ
һȥѪĽ׻һֻԲڵϹ˼Ȧͣ¡
Ϫü΢£һһѩ۾һסĿ⡣
ʹڵЩ죬ɱ˲մѪǧɱ˵ַǹڱ˵Ĳʡ
ֻкᣬæŰͣСĸʮǰϣԲš
ҶЩȤƿϪ֣϶ԷĻ֮ĶԹôôֻ´μǵûº͵ķʽҾͲϲִ³޴һ顣
ǶԴǧ˵ġ
³ĴǧǸ´ע⡣
ͷĻ˵ѵϵĶ
áǧ˵ʰʬԱߵķͬϵĴһժˣǰ
ûӣþˮϵĶݺݳ˼飬
ƿʶӡǣĶ
ֻһٶԪӤ飬ٷһǧŽǧʣµͬһ𽻸Ϫ
ţһҲʹ֮ǰĲ٣滹ʣ²ٺö
ϪɨһۣЩòϵķ⣬澹Ȼм⵹⣬׼
ֿۺϪͰѴպãתеǼ
һͭ÷һ߼
ŪһûƳⶫʲôã棬ֵݸҲ
áϪϸ۲Σָ֪Ȼ
ͬʱһ룡
ֻϪάֵ䣬ͭı仯
ֻĺ㣬Ǹĺٺܶࡣ
˼ĺ壬֪뵽ʲôɫŹֵЩ㲻ָ߰ɣ
²Ⲣûƾݣϴӵ㣬أǽȥǰδеĶ࣬һԾǰʮ
˽˶ڲ²ǰʹʲôֶΡ
ǰڲ㣬ⶫ֣ǲͷӬһĴѰװ˷ʱ䣬Ȼջȱ˶ࡣ
ϪЩͬ뷨Ҳûпܡ
оⶫӦòֹڴˡ
ԼղŶָڱ÷֦ϸϸĦ
һָⴥһε͹㣬ϪǸ͹ע
ͭգȻַ仯
ξϳֵĲǺ㣬Ǻڵ㣬ĿҲ֮ǰࡣ
һġ塢ߡѩһһţȻ˺߸
Щڵֲ֮Ķܾȡָڵļڵ
𰸺ˡ
öֳͭߵλãܿ˺޵ķλ
ò˵ⶫ⵺ȷʵǸõĺñǷǡ
˸ˣǧͻȻгˣ
ˢˢ
ǿҸȥľ򡣡ǧָžһڵ
֮ǰ˵ĻǧǱֹۡ
ʵϣǧߵȷʵôãҲصĵز
ȻԷˣֻйһˣͬΪԪӤսȴͬ
ǧ͵һʵ޳սϼƴɱģЩֻ֪ں˳յȫܱȡ
һ֮ˣǧͲ·磬ܷɱһˡ
Ҳļˡ
ϪǼʱϵ򲻵֮£ǧҲֻʹ÷ǳֶΡ
Һá
ĴǧЦЦݣֻкʹǧá
ЦˣǧͲżԼǣ֮ǧ͸м
ѩģӴõ죬ȴΪ棺׼ôм
ǧȻ֪ԷСԸһ顣
Ҹǿ⵰һÿԣ̫ݡ
ȷʵ޳ǧҲϣһΪѵ˼Σ֮ǰ׵ǧһʹɡ⣬ͨеϢҿ֪λ
ϪܾվɣϢ˵˵
ŵʦԡǧʹ⣬ṩϢȷʵмֵ
λӦ֪ں򣬳ܺɧšϼǧѾù࣬һ鹦ڷ֣ǻںս
ս
ǡ޾۾ӵļ죬ڶȺ⻹һսάܰĵһߣҲ޳ս
ںսʮĲпΣշһܡͬأںսõĽҲʮַ񡣡
ںսÿɱһֻ޶ܻòͬĻֲ֣һĵرﵽһ󻹿ԶһͨϵͨƱ
ǧͰԼ˽Ϣ˵
Ϫֻһע⣺˵ͨƱҪٻ֣
ϡǧ͵ĪһЩ
˵ûһԣֻǻôûõġ
Ϫǲ⣬ΣҲֻȥ˲֪
Ϫãл
˾£ϢҲõʧأ֮Դǧ͵ʵӦϪǲٶܣֻ㹻齻Էʹ뿪
λһ¡
Ϫͣ£˵Ĵǧ
ŵʦǰĻңҿԸλӣʲôۻԽҡһԸλ·Ǹ޳սȻûȥ·찡ǧԼ
ô˵һʱ嶯Ǿ˼֮µľ
ȻԲΪ۲Ϫϵĵҩ뱨Է
ῴЩ۵ЦݣٿԱͬ⶯ĺԭЩźЩʱ̫æ߻ĺϷûüݡڼȻԷֶΪأ
ϪҿʹǣǶԶܵ˽ȷʵҲһЩԶѺϡ
ѩҲֵøһ˵Ϫ԰ϪϪͰǴϰɡ
˶˵ˣʣֻһĵĳ̺СףҲһϪӦ
޲ɣǧϲʤ
ϪΣ濼ǹÿУãһ𡣡
л
ǧˣϪֵ
ڡϪ˵֮ҪȥĵطһΣգ˼ˡǰս߿ǣʱһ·
Σգ
Ǵ㡭ǧζĿһۣûж˵ʲô
ǸֹģϪֲϹӣȻü
ģ֮¾ӵҲƻλԼϪڱ֤
õ֤ɲ٣仹еǣû˵̫ࡣ
Ȼˣǧ;ףλ³ɡ
ϪӦ£˴˶㵢飬Ըȥ
ȴǧ뿪ſʵϪոΪʲô˵
СֻҲ͡
ȥ߿ıϪʱ⣬Ҳѹǲ⡣
ԼˣϪҲҸоǱһҺҪĶ
оǶԸ߳ʪˣʱôǿңĪϪûᡣû뵽֮оûʧǿҡ
Ϫ˼ǾӦȥһˡ
ʿֱʱȷʵţ⵺ϵҲͻΪȥһҲûʲô˵ġʹ˸ùҲǡ
ȥȥɣҲȥ֪ǲǸóһ㡣ѩҲֵ֧
ֻ룬ĿˮҪ
ϪΣһ
ðɡѩʧܿͰǵʧ׿˵£ˣ̺ˡ
ָͷԵԲĶӣȷʵҪˣ£ݾС
һ𱻷ŽȥĻһ顣
˵ѾѳѪδȫѡ߿ߣЩԳ̵ĺô󣬵׽𵤺ؾͻȫɱ
úọ́ϪǾͳǰ߿ġ
ߵĲ죬ϾϵԼＸλдôѵлһΣռһЩϧ
ָͭ·˱ռ߿ߣǽӽı߽һº
վڽ紦Կֺز٣ͬʱҲǿ
ǰĶļⶾӦĵĶֻ弶ⶾܿ¡ϪϱĲ࣬͵ҩࡣ
·µҩ߽߿ġ


88 
߿Ϫϵͭʧȥá
Ȼ, ҲܲʧЧǷ, ֻӳճԪӤڵ߿ֻλȻʲôӦ
ʧȥָͭԸϪĸоߣȥǸĲ
ͬΧ߿ĵιϡ٣ֲౣĺܺá
һ·ϪѾջһ弶ֲ, ݶꡣֲһЩֵļݶǧϣһǧݵġ
ԽߣϪ͸˱ضһﶼ͸Ź⡣
Ҳ, ڡ
, ǲ, , Ӧ˵޿ɵȲˡ
ۼȺֱһֲסŲٹñǿһɶ, ڱʯʹĦ¡
ٹټȴ
ٹߣԼţӲ
ĽСκһκһֻ, ԷΪԶ
Լʹ֪ǸܳΪ뵺ҲûóȻ, ǷźţȴԷ
ڶԷٶ̫ٹѾȵòͷӴն
Էϲֲ
Ǿ͸ֲֲסţǾ͸߼ֲȡǸ˶
ٹϪհֲзãͼǰȻðһ⡣
߼鶾
鶾һھ綾֮︽ɽٶƳɵҩ
Уû˲õҩ˼Ʒ⣬ƷʵĵҩлٶеЩѻУȥͻ谭УԴ󲿷˶ᶨڷһ嶾
ˣ嶾ҩ鶾ͱø֣ͱժ£ܳ߼
û뵽߿߻Ĵϲ
ϪĻϲɲ嶾Ϊ鶾嶾һζҩ浤
浤ҩЧ
鶾߼ʱᷢ⣬ղǵ鶾
ߡ
Եǰвĵ
ķȥ
ʱ˵طͼǰվһ˸ߵϡϡ׹ʮӤȭͷСĹӡÿŹӱ涼͸һ㵭⣬иۡ
鶾һƬţֻԼԼƼǹֵʯڡ
Ϫھ鶾ʮĵطͣ¡
еǹɸоԣһ㡣ϪͬʱҲ֪Ĳǰ鶾ǿ֮Ķ
ôϪɲɺϡ
Ӻˣûһ˶֣ڵˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧȳ֡
˫ãֱǹϵҪɢʱЭ
ǼС޵Ǿ衣һдժɣЩ͸ǵļ񡣴ժ˹֮󣬿ǰһ𡣡
ԷⲻϪǲš鶾ϵĹâɢʾٲժĹЧûۿۡ
߼鶾ѵãϪԸԥǾȲժ۶Էʲôıֻܱˮھǡ
Ͼһٹûеġ
һֱϪʮö鶾ȫժ꣬Էûʲô
лǰϪǰֵл
ٹС븮һ𡣡
Ϫ˼ҵĹӣܾܾԷ˼ֻԸ˹ȥ˶ġ
ϪϪȥ˲ҪĹӾǡĻ˾ҲǲС
Ҳ̫ͬǼһﵽҲ¶棬ֻһ˽ȥ²Ǻ¡
ϪȻ֪ǵĵǣҲɣЩףܸоǸҵĶȫǶԷΪ
˵ȻѾǴ⣬ҲͲȰһְס˵ѩǺãСһ㣬Ǿ㡣
Ϫо󴦵źۼ££䣺á
˵ۼ˱תȥ
޶ǰ㻪ʹΪٹҲֻɽϿһʯ
ܵϢǿףϪʵü
ڵƵݣʪдһȣϲĻ
ںڰ˰ӣϪͣ¡
һƬɫУֻĵҷ裬ȳıϢڿУͶѨڵĸζһѬֱġ
Ϫü̹Ϫǰ֪ǰҺ£
غ£һҪ㡣ٹźŷǧǰõһʱ棬Ե˳ٽ
ٹ˵̾һôȥһֱûеȵǸ˳֣ԭΪҪٵȸǧ꣬û뵽һǰȻ֡һ㣬Ҿ֪ҵȵǸԵ˾㡣
ԵˣϪ˵Ǻŷ
һͨˣô˰ٶǰ㵽˵أص¶
˵ãǰһԱ֪ٹΡ
ԭһƬĶͻȻյϪ۾ۣһ²Ӧ
ֱʱϪȫԷģ
ֱ۴ϸ壬Ƭ΢΢͸ķɫһʯϣͷ΢΢ʹϪڹ£ֻĵҲɵɫӨ
ɣַʯͷϡٹشµľʯ뿪
ɣɣҾء
ٹϪĵ׵غϵһ㱣һʱֲʵ
ϪԼӦþܾȴܿƵǰ
һ㣬ٽһ㡣
ϪֻԼ·𱻷ֳ롣
һƴǰһ˵ȥɣẦġһ󳶣ͣУ㲻ϵ
ɲͬռϷ硣
ϪھʯһԶĵطͣ¡
ٹ䣬һƽͣô
˵Ļ棬Ų㡣Ϫֱֱ
ٹĵһ˲Ļңȴδְ֣СҪβſң
ϪĬȻʵԶԷĻɸǻֱ֤ҲòҪȫ½Ҳܡ
СѣΪβ˵ٹĪΣƺֻܺг
СѻңҲ⣬ȷʵлСѡСҲ֪һ뿪ߵʶԷԼ³ɺС뿪ߵ
ֱϪԷûƭȻš
ٹ˵Ҳ˵ˣȰҲȰˣԷԾˣֻܵСѲңʯԻԼСѻ˾ܵٻ
ʵȷʵˣϪǾʯ벻һߣظоԷ׽֮⡣
Ѿãټ˷ʱǸõȼˡ
Ϫ۽΢ĿƲ䣬¶ģǰľʯ
ȥһ̣ӴϢͻȻӿϪʶһϪǰһһչ
ͬʱһֱ̬ٹͻȻŴͣϪһɰ
ۿǰҪӴϪʱһָֻͷϸСͻȻһţаӡ
ٹĿֱߡ
ϪתӹһҡҡλεСߡ
ԭֻǰѳ̷ųϡԳ̵츳ٹעⲻѡΣգҲܰæ֧Ƭ̡
⣬ǱҲһֱͨעߵ
欽ͬ͸ˣ֮ͻ¼һֱûʹãǵһܡ
ϪǺ׼ðգ෴׼ʮֳ㣬ν˵ӽʯҲһΪ̽Է
˵˵Ļ㡣ϪٹĿˮ
ΪʲôҵĶٹȻЩš
Ϫ˵ǲڿеĻǸڵʯϱģڵʯڲЩ
ò˵ٹΪȷʵ
Ϫ̤￪ʼ̤˶Է֮С
ѨĴɢųʪ֮ΪڸǱ鲼Ķ
˵ʱʲôûʵһֱ͵͵öԻǡ
ʯǱĶҺ͸ʯڲԷɱС
ߵսǿ̾һأٹ˵ǽõ¡
ֻϧƵϪ
ٹ΢㶼֪
ϪͷϬ
öҲһͲԷģʱϪڵʯĶأϪ
ٹһƣҲƻ
һ֪õʯͼΪСϪһ˿롣
ٹƽ͵ڹѣĵĳ񱻴ƣ˲ܻ˵ʲôʯҵģҵĶ
ŭԼԵʯƿĿ־ȫռٹĴԣܲ˵سſѪڣ˺ҧ
Ҫ˺ǰֻС棬Ȼ̳븹
ֻҪʯˣҲⷽСϡ
ͣϪҲضá
ϬٻնһƬ۳ɵ⣬ЮĽʽڶϡ
ٹΪƤⲻ֪ϬӳĽԴϢ⻮ƤѪ⡣
һɽյζѨ
ٹŭβڶǰˣͬʱһڶ
Ϫܿ۳졣
Ҳ壬ſͣٴνԷеĶȫԼĶӣ껹˸á
һΣٹ׺ݡ
˫ü쳣
ٹϪһףǿֶξǻ⣬ƴȫƴϪջǰϪնڽ¡
Ἰڴ򶷿ʼʱ͸ϵʱʤ϶¶Цݡ
ϪսƷߵߣţӦа
ӹǿŷ͸飬ĿϪ´زûˡ
̰ҺܶࡣϪʵ
ǳ̣Ӯôɡ
˵̣Ϫֽ̧ǵԲĹĵС߾Ҫˡ
ԭ̾˲飬ڽױԵ˴ԣЩǴ֮߷׵ʱ䡣
֮иӦᵱȻҲ֪һ㣬ܻ׼ȷһЩȴȥ
˵ų̳˶ѨͽҺʽ׵ĵص㡣
ںϪҲѵʯѩС׷ȥ
̴˴Ǵ׵𵤣Ҫ׽١
Ϊˣֵһ׽٣ûôֻпԼɹ׽٣ɱ䡣
ڣҲɹɹ׽٣ζɽɶƤ
Ƥ֮ԭ̴Ƭɸǳɫ£ԡ࣬öصĺɫƬ͸Өʮϲˡ
ոƤĳ̻ƻõĸоûȫѣ˶ԴŤ£Ȼע⵽ԶһȺˣԲԲãضǰǳһ
˶Գ̲һʱ˵
У˷·һۼξֻԸþóвҪѹ
Ϫһѣᡣ
˶һۣһȥѩСףһȥ˳Ǳߡ
ѩСһһŲͣССõΣһﶼǽϴ
ϪشСֻĺΣѩСףˡ
һߣԼѻҵĳ̣ٸˣ裬ҿɲ֤ˡ
вĻԳ˵ɱһԼʶˣ̴ˡ
ͷֻ֮ǰĻ˵ģʣ
ǵģˡʵʵش
þǡ֮ǰ̿˺ʵϾһ򻯰棬ɱɣͿʹ
̵ʵ˶ܸˣѩ֪뵽ʲô⣬Сߵ̬Ȳ֪áֵУС߹մߡ
СûûΣϪȴʲô롣
֮ǰٹгֳ̽ôĶ᲻ŵλʲôûֱҲԷʲôʵ֡
ϪλλȷѪƴɱǧ޵񡣶ٹ˼񵽵ʯڵʯļӳ°޵ϣݺѹֻͷϡ
Ļֻֻ°ͲȻ͸𡣡ȻͲ׿ǲҲã¾Ͳùˣ˵˵Ǹʯ
áϪӦϸһ顣
ʯȷٹ˵Լ
ԼһǧǰʯͻȻ䵽ϡʱֻһͨͨľʯûκʶϵΧһɢӴ˾ʯͰڽʽ
ֱٶǰһ죬һֻڵİʯ
˵Ҳ֣Եİ޵ҲδǣֻС߲ھӵԵİ󼰵ǻۣԼḻ
֪ԼΪɱĶضΪ£ھʯ
ˮھʯϣѳ˯ĵʯ
С߲ǵʯˣǱԷѣҶС߲һΪԼĲԷԷ
СߵĿֻΪ˻šĿǳΪǿĴڡ֮󣬾뿪߿ߡ
Ұһ׳ԭԵʯĸмҲݱɶռҪΪʯˣҲҪ뿪ⷽסС
ʯźϪʱһٹɡ
õʯǿпסڵʯڰ룬ֻҪϪҽӽʯͱɡ
ЩϪͨʯܵϢʱЩϢһӿĻٹµö롣
Ϫ׼ڷĵһʱջ٣Էơ
ʯϪȴǸõĶŸߴϣʵʻûʲôá
һöûУ᲻ģʯһΪܰء
Ϫҡͷܡ
ٹõⶫΪȷʵͻͽ֮ǰǱ߼еغ浽Ժֳˮһ̶ûа㷴Ӧ
Ȼźǿοʱδɡ
ûٹҲӲҪռš
˶һˣбУûҲΪģܿ콫ŵһߡ
֮һ뿪СҵڸǵĴǧͺǰս


89 
սÿ춼, ԼѪģͬʱսʹȻ, ǱߵʿԷ׭ҩȵҲ̴ڶ뺣ս֮ʮƵ
꾭ӪЩ̴ĺѾʮֳ죬ҪȥսЩ˻̴㡢Ҳȫġ
Ϫ뿪ߵڶգøһ׼̴
ںƮ˰£һ˳ط
սĵɣ´ĵطλҵӢ
Ӣ϶һЩ𵤺ԪӤʿ, ֮⣬ϻλʿ
ұߵ۵ҪǻʿսǶɽٴܡ
мǺսҪĽȴʯû֡
Ϫչ, һ㶼ᰴΪ䵽Ӣ۵
, һ, ƶûе, ʸûС͵׼ʸҪ֡
Ϫһͬ´½뿪
ǧҲȥƹðƣ
֮ǰԼֳѾںսʮҪɵںս, ¼ʹöҪͨơ
˶ûһҵƹõǼǺøϢ󣬽ǵ֡
ǷƵǸΪŮӡ
ԷȻ, ʣԷԹ˽͵еƶ¼ԼϢ, ˲ʹãԸʹҲá
⻰һǰǵģһҲǲҪ˼
˵߹۲켸˵ı飬ɫ¶֮ɫϵжʮ֣պùڵסһҹǺսÿ˵ĸ⸣ҽһΣλŬ֡
ЦЦû˵ŵĻ
սǸƽĵط෴Ųпᡣÿʿ׼ɱ޻ȡ֣ûڵϴȥʸȥʸûС
һлֲ㣬ĽҪôǱӽι㣬ҪôԼӺ
㣬֮ǰǧҲǽ
Ȼʵս׬ȡֵķҲֻɱһ·ҲһЩʿõҩ׭ȸ˽׻֣Ҳġ
ϪǳէĿǰûô࣬ɱΪڶձǰս
ӵʱϪҲɱޣʱĸܸȫܱȡҪ˵ĻŸǳ޳е񣬵ǻҪ̵Ķࡣ
Ѫк޵ѪҲ޵Ѫ
ĺ޴Ӻӿź
ߵʿƴóսĵȭͷ嵽ǰߣóԶں󷽲ͣų
һʱ䣬Ĵҳһš
˫սûȣͻȻһֵֻ޴Ӻڳһ¾߰˸ʿ
ϪɣǱߵЩһ
ⶫֵϢٶּ죬˷Ӧʱ䣬Ϫʱ⼸ֻްסֽţһʱӦ˵
Ҳֻһʱ
һ뺣Ϭ׼סĴնɫ䣬пƽ
ѵ˲䣬סϪһش񾭷ؼӴظ
Ϫƺһָ趯ѵĻ𻨚HĵȼǽضĶ
ػɺϪһ˲Ҳҵ飬ʹһԾסϬֶһնϸĴ֡
ʧôഥ֣ʹԷҲۣʶϪǣ⣬ѸǱȥ
Ϫô⣬æٽ׷ȥ
׵ײ˵սʹʿ壬Ҳܳʱˮ²ϣսپ
Ϫֱ鲽ɴ磬Ӱƶ̼䵲Ǻǰ档
һʽ
ֻһλᡣ
ϪĿֱǰĶ
ʱ亣ˮӿɫ䡣
һ޴ͬڵһ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣסǼҲѡ
ϪƳһˣ±ȥ
ֻֻޣǼһ⣬Ӧܻٻ֣ϧˡҲ֪һشֵĻЩ˻᲻һ֡
˼ת䣬Ϫѳ˺档
˻ɱУûע⵽ζݵʧ
ԭΪӦߣֻûлָʵȫӣߵԪӤʿҲû˿ó
һ޳δϪʱȥֻͨͬԷ˾ƽרĶԵС
ҹﵺϻῪ֣ƴɱһڿϢ
һͣ岨޳һȺ۵ùǺϪ϶¶ƣɫƣ˻Ϣȥƹһˡ
Ҫڵϣÿÿձʮ֡ǵĻѾ꣬±Ȱѽɱ޶һɻ֣ȻһǾͻᱻӳӢ
ƹڲϪֻһ·ƣ¥һֵĵط㣬ӴҲࡣ
ˣڵϴ˵һ㶼Ǹһʱһһλ֣Ϫ¥ʱ˲̫࣬ûŶþֵǡ
ӴϪǸŮޣԷڵĴϹŵдʮš
ϪԼõװڴеݸԷ
ɱһֻ޿Եõʮ֣һֻ𵤺޿Իһٻ֣һֻԪӤ޿Զһһǧ֡
ϪԷĴһһһʮʮŽ𵤣ԼʮĿԪӤ޵һԵõʮǧһٶʮ֡
ʮֽӦĻֻϪϡ
־ְʣЩѡǽƹöһ֣
Ϫһְɡ
áʮŸɾؽ㣬һɻʮ֣ɻʮ֣ԪӤɻǧ֣һʮǧһٻ֣㡣
˵ƻϪ
Ϫӹһۣһʮǧٶʮ֣ûд
ýĶѽ꣬ϪⱣһش֣óһԣֻ޵СıҴݻ٣ֻ֪ܲ㡣
ʮһ۱ϳӰ֡ԻӰϡ٣ڵϺܻӭֵͨҪϧˡ
ѵʮŲСĶ˵˼䡣ȻۣҲ޼£ɾذһٻֻϪϡ
⼸˱ϪһãѩȲӭȥո˵¥öȥɣϪϪ
Ϫ˶һڴı飬ͬǾȥ
˵ߵԱߣǣһ¥ߣһߺͶԷ˵Ҹոջ˲ٻ֣ʲô㡣
ЦЦȥ˵
¥˵һ¥˵һ֡
ʵƹþһ˼ڲʹ˿ռķ濴ֻһͨС¥ڲȴΪ㡣
ڳǽ׽ֵڡ
ֵߵò֡
Ϫ˶һȲģɴҲǣȥԼȥɣһʱڳڼϡ
áͬӦȻ뷨ˡ
ѩС׺ͳһȺǧͺͬ˴кҲһ뿪
ʣϪᣬûйĶ磬ʱҲƵڽתš
Ƚһҵҩӡ
ԭϪ뿴ûʺƵĵҩŽȥһ۸ʹһ
ͨһƿ弶ҩҪһ𲽣ƷٺһЩҪĻҲԽ࣬ҩļ۸Ƿ߱þϵĻִҲֻܻƿ
ֹҩ֮ȥӣЩһ۸񶼲͡
ûǰϪԼϻֻ̫ͦ࣬ˡ
ɥЦذοˣЩҲòϣǡЩҩƷʺãһԸأ
ãŬϢϪùһ㣬˵ֲҲŬ׬֡
šˣǰߣǱ˱Ƚ϶࣬ǹȥ
á
ϪСĵػἷȺֻվһҵſڡ
һ΢ֵվһߣ۾գҲգضŶλˡʯͷʿǰһ̨״ֵ
Աߵ˲֪ԭһרʯĵꡣ
սдĺ⣬һʯͷʯͷڲŸֱҩֲӦоСҲÿʯͷﶼܿЩʯͷ⿪õҲһѷ
ʯͷ⣬ԸʶǶɽٴҲ͸ʯĿڲĶö֮ͷչһֶʯҵ
ǮЩԭʯʯĹ̾ǶʯÿöһҹĶãǶʯʧܡ
Ȼܿ͸ĶһЩϵ֣һԸʯͷĴСⲿƵȣжԭʯƷʺûƷԽõʯͷöļԽ󣬼ǮȻҲ
ȻνƷಢǾԡƷõʯͷ￪УƷʯͷ￪öҲС
֮ʯһռ
ϪǿǸ΢ʿովҵﻨһһԭʯǵĽʯʦڰæʯ
Ϫ˵ĹѾ׼áСĵסǿʯͷ϶˵ĵƬ
ĵһʯͷϻһѿڣʱţѿԽԽʯͷڲðһĨɫ
Χ˼״һ󼤶΢ˣǸ˵ϵ˶ض
˳ˣ
˵Ľкʿеʯͷȫ⿪ĶҲ¶ݡ
ֻһ弶ݰΧ˵ɫ˲䵭꣬ˣ
һ־Ϳ弶ֲ΢ӵHػҰʧǵǿֲˡ
ΧڵſڵҲһʧɢǰһַ̻ǷĶʯ˲塣
ôֻ弶ֲأ
˵ĿⶼۼҺͽʯʦϣϰվԱȫûдڸУֱʱȺɢ˲ſʼ̾
׬ˣôôһ⼸յֻһǧɣôܽ
ϪνĶʯЩȤʶûиһ뿪ע⵽Է
һŮޣһɫ£Ҳͬɫ񲼰ţ΢ԲźͰס
ԷҲע⵽ˣϵİ˲䱻ϲȡæǰһλǸսɣԶʯȤ
ϪȷʵеȤ
ЦŨǽ꿴˵ۼȻʲô꣬ЩԭʯƷʾԲ𿴸ո˿Ķãֻã˵ʲôҲλˣ֮ǰһ˿˴󱦱ء
Ůੲ˵ͣŵĿˡ
Ϫ䲻⣬ҲϲԷһֱΧǣڰ˴ߣڵ䡣
Щԭʯ·λ
õıǾеļϵЩһʮ飬ÿʯͷʮϸĵذںã滹еķ󷨡
ϪԱŵļ۸ƣ;ʮ֣ٶ֡
Ϫ˶ּһ鶼һ
㿴ңҿ㣬ʱֻһ뷨̫ˣ
ȥǱ߿ɡջĿ⣬ָָԱߡ
Ϫͷá
ߵԭʯλ˲٣Ҳʮϡ
ῴһ飬Ҫʮ֡
Ϫ࿴һ󣬵ĿƵһʯͷʱ΢΢ȡ
ͷһֻۣŴ֡
ϵȻڼĸоûǹȷʵǴӴģȴǴǡ
Ϫʶ̸ڲҴԴǿⱻڴĵʯ
ƺϪڿʯȻʼֱһ۲ɼ΢СһͷײϪʶУΪһ塣
ˣʵϪͲᣬٳٵȲԼֻ
ԼԼԭûãʯպòײҵᷢӳԼһôʿԭʯڵĶȴܸ֪ԭʯĺû
ʯ壬Ϫ΢΢һ£漴ܵԷϢЩ⡣ͬʱҲ׹ոյȸоǵʯǿԭʯкö
ͨһϪͬᴫϲ˶Է
öԷ֮ʣϪȡ¸ղеǿʯͷŹ۲һ£Ҳûʲôͬʯо
ʶ㣬ܿͻбһߣϪȥǱߡ
һϪ뷨š
ǰߵԭʯ˼۸ʮ£Ӽ򵽼ǧһźãԽԽܣɴҶڵϡ
ȿ۾ŵʮһУ˵Ļֺѡ˵ʯиӦ顣
֮򡭡
һ·ȥǶҵʯѣСһʯͷ޹ضһ
ҵĻ˵ĶЩҲֵʮٻ֡ȻҲ߹ʺ˿öĿʲôûС
ǰǰѾʮԭʯʣĻֲ࣬еʯ֣ż©Ƕʯͷط˷
󣬹ҵõġ
󣬶ѡõʯͷеҽˡ
Ц棺ϻݣʮǧٻ֣λĨͷʮ֡
á
˷ֱϸԵƣСģ˼ĻҲŽʮ
Ҳ⣬Ȼʮ֣ƻˣһڴؿ˵λҪڵʯ
Ϫóԭʯ顣
һɲƷõ顣ʯͷöļҲкöͺãǻϲ
֮ǰǸĵĽʯʦ
Էʯ꣬һѺ֣ÿһʯͷ˵ֺ
Ƚῴеǿʯͷһ弶С̫֡˻ܽܡ
ˣǻһ飬쿪˿֪ʱΧ˵Ȳߴ١
ʯʦûᣬǿϪᣬѯ˵
Ϫͷɡ
õʾ󣬽ʯʦŶ֡
˫ɣͼһɫâǹâԽԽʢԭһ黨
һϪбŷϲ֮ɫ׼Ƶ浤һζҩ黨
˼Ҳָּʡ黨̶ֲֻȸ߼ֲ¡Ϫԭʯֻʮ֣˵Ǵ׬
ȻЩ˵ľҪˣ۾ҪλʣµʯͷҲһˡ
Ǿܾһ黨Ѿ˶Եʯһ֪ʣµЩʯͷóãѱЩ˲ɡ
Ὺھܾ˶Է飬˳ǰòϵЩָһʯ
Щ˾׼뿪˭֪ûԶͱ˽ס
λ
ˢˢʮ˺ȻӲ֪ʲôطðϪΧס


90 
ϪĿⲻƵؿЩͻȻΧסǵ, ¶衣
λŮڴȺߡ
ʹɫ˺ˣŶ˵ǸǸŶλ
Է̬ȲҲ, ϪɫͻһЩ֪סҶΪ£
ʵڶԲסѳ²ߣŶλŮϵɫͽһ𣬶˵Լ⣬ҷ˵λһ黨ģ
Ϫǡ
ǿʯʱڣʲôѴȥҲûʲôġ
õ϶Ĵ𰸣ŮеϲɫŨʵ, Ѱ黨Ѿã֪λܷλͬ⣬ʯǻ֣Ҿǡ
ó, Էĳ, ϪǾܾˣǸ, 黨ҲҪ
Ůʮʧ, ôòųһ䣬ʵڲľʹ˷
黨Ȼϡȱ޿ϸ, ߼ǰ˼ֲҶΪҵٿһ¡Ů˲ģԴǿС
̲סȻǲ, ֺοҵ²ţ
㡭
Ů˱ôһЩ, Ŀ䵽ʱȴͻȻͣסƬ̺ϺȻ¶ϲɫ
תͷϪʵ黨浤
ˣԼơϪص
ԭǵʦŮû̫⣬ּ׷ʵ浤Ϊĵ𣿡
Ϫɫ΢ĬƬ̺ŵǡ
λ˿ҡŮ˿Ц͵Ǽ֢״Ĳˣмˡ
⻰ǽ˶ԷΪηҪ黨ɡ
Ů˵黨ǲ浤ʱ黨ȴǲܻȱĴڡ
Ϫɫָͷʾ˽⣬黨Ҳø㡣
áŮæȻҶҪ浤ֻ黨ͿԴһϣҶ˺浤ҿԸĵһš
鲻ϪԼҪ浤ҩģ»Ҫһʱ䣬Է׼ֲȫܸҩκᡣ
ܱ֤Ұ黨֮ҵĵʦһҩ𣿡Ϫʡ
ŮЩΪѣƬ̲ŵλʦ߳ɵĳɵʣ
߳ɡϪܲ⣬ʵɵƷΣ
Ա֤Ʒ
Ϫ⣬˵;ܾǸ¿²ʡ
αϣŮЩѻ𣺡ôѵ¾ͱ֤һܳɵƳƷҩ
Ϫû˵ȿڣȻ
жཾҪཾͲдšǲǱ𡯡
ŮԲţǸʸǼʦ
ϪĬĬŵ弶
Ŀǰĵȼ˵ƺЩ
ԷȻЦֹǣ弶ʦǣ㻹ҩˣҵĴºô߼㡭
Ů˦ϪһŪﳤȥ
˵ףûʲô
Ϫĵȼȷʵ̫ͣԷֲ֪дбĸһԴҲ
ҲϪһѣ뾡Լĵȼˡ
׮⣬ϪʱԼļƻһ䡣ԭȶɱֻ׬Щ֣ʱãԼĵ
֮⣬ǸŮ˵ҲȻԷѾ뿪Ҳʲô֮ˣСΪϣɵġ
ЩܼһʱҪĻ˻͡
ճ˵أǲز죬ϻʲôûУֻҸջһޡ
Ļǻڴ˵شܳһʱ䣬Ȼ㣬Ҹһ
ЪŵǼҿջжޣڱҲʮֲԾͻǼҵĶ
Ϫ˶ִ࣬ŲܣһһԺ䡣
֣ȡƺ󣬼ҵµĶ
һԺ䣬Ϫ͸оһŨ˲佫Χȵѩɽϵĺ̶
ϪɽϼЩΣǧͺȫһûģֻһһѡ
ŨҾҿ첻ܺˣСҡ
εؿˣһһּϵصԼֱۣˣмλǰЦ
ǧϪˣ𣿡
ϪûԹ˺˵ڰʣЩʯͷ˰ɣõľ£ûõľóȥɻ֡
ΪڲһֲʣĲֻõҩֿ۵ġ
ҲЩܿЩʲôãɡ
ʯͷʲôʯͷѩ˵̸ɻ󣬶ӦϪϪǲҲȥǸʲôʯɣѹָոò֡
ϪѴԭʯڳԣ˼顣Ķϲģá
Ҿ֪ϪϪˡѩ˵
ϪεذסԼһˮ
ͷǶһڴؿԼֵֻпеҲѡ
ллˡ̺ߵл
СһͨҽС
ǧͺЩţҲ𣿡
šϪ϶
һ·ϸæǰæԹԣŻԥóԼĻ֣ѵáͬ飬һͬʡ
Դûֻߴٵˣʯɣ
áϪԲٵ飬óʼʯ
֮ǰڵѾѧνʯһֻϪСġ
ɼסĵһƷ͵õѩϲ
ϪֱӰѶݸʼڶʯͷ

ǧ顣
¡
Ļ

ÿһʹһ󾪺
ʮʯͷһգˣĻﳬֵıм֮ǰڵ￪Ƕ黨Ҫò١
˸ѡһǼϪᡣ
Ȼֻ߼ϣһɶμ˻Ϸģȼɼ
ѩԼϲķɼףҲںһ£˾͸⡣
˷꣬Ϫ¿ļֲͰʣµĶѩóȥˡ˴ǸŮ˵Ϣ󣬾͸˷䡣
׼ȷ˵ϪǱطġ
ôˣϪɻ
£Լϣ˫ֻסĲӣֻ̾ͻȻ˸Ƶķ»ħûȡأ
Ϫʧ䣬ȴ֪ΪΣӡԷǸƸеˡ
𣿡ϪֲԾȴᣬǼ¶Էǡ
һϣžһ
һ㣬ۡϪһۣûҺʲôʱ̫ˣΪκҵˣһҲͣЪ
Ϫ֣ۺΣæȥԷҪԼû˵
˼£Ϫ˴ʱףʱְɵ
˵ֶš
Ŷ֫ϸףûˣϪģ֮ǰ˵Ļ֪ۣ
͵ЩۣҪԼôѹҿԵȡ
֪ˡϪɵ㶵ؿ
šߺ䣬йǱ֣ҿй
᱾;öԷЩЩ꣬ڽϱŮһֻ̼¸Ȳá
ʵµһûԭϪ׼˵Լչص£ȴǲ˵ˡ˵˶ԷضģⲢϪı⡣
ϪΪѣҲֻ̣һԣɸԼ̫ѹոҳȥߡ
áϪһڴӦѾõѡ
׵欵֪ԷȻûѵԤ׺㲻ٶʡ
ǿҪ£ϪûûǳõǸŵ
Ը£еǼΣϪռ
һأԼĳŵҲΪ壬ϪסԼûз

գˬȥɱޣϪڼ
֮ǰϪȼһԼʶ
յʯͻȻʶʱ治㣬ֻʱƵʶĽ䣬ֱʱʱ䴦
߿ߣԷҪǩԼϪûᡣ
ȻǺϪǩԼϪǲû뵽ԷȻԼʶ
ϪĹעͱˣѾԷΪʲôôִǩԼʼ˼ԷΪʲôô׵ؽʶ֮С
ƺ֪롣
ΪҾ㰡һ΢
ʯϪ̽
š
Ϫһģһ
Ϫü㾿ʲô
Ҿ㡣
Ϫôʣֻеػشһ䡣
ϪĺľᣬֱӰǶԼʶƳ
ʯģʼ
ǿҵĲӰ쵽ϪȻûκζҡʶ
УУ̴ٵļ͸ϪĶĤ
ϪĶֹסһ١
ʯƺҲƵޣȲͷһϢ
ϢһͷϪʶںϣֻԼ·һĿռ䡣̶һ˲䣬ƺܶණ׺ɣʱתعȴʲôǵá
Ψһıֻһ£Ǳʶ֪ʯƺͬһԴҶҪ
ӲܣʯѾʶ֮УͲٰ룬ȥֻܾˡ
úϪܣԷǩԼ
ǩԼĹʮ˳ʯûбֳ˿һȻڽϪʶϪעͲһͷ·Ǳһ֡
ʯǩԼҲϪõôΪԪӤڡ
Ϊ˿ȴһϪֻʵ˵ˡ
Ҳûʲô⣬ǩԼԷҲ˺Ϫ˱ʱ´¡
֮һʱ䣬ϪͿʼרϰճȥɱһκޡ
ƽȶͻعš
ڴڼ䣬ϪϰĵҩҲû˷ѣõĲ֣ʣµõҩӻɻֲֻ
գϪճȥǼҺĵҩ̣׼ѽµĵҩңٻЩֲԤУԼϰƺãԼҪżֲ
˵ƹڣӭһơ
ŵʦˣЦ棬漴ֿͷһᣬƹֻҪһܻʲôҪֱֲӷԸСģСΪ׼ţƹ㡣
ɡϪӦԼҪֲ
ֿ죬ʱͰѶ׼ãҪĶŵʦһ¡ֲȽûеȨޣֻܵƹ
ΣСĵŲǡϪƢãƢٺҲǵʦһõĵʦԷĻ̿֡
Ϫʵȼ̣ԷǸŵģЩΣֻҸʣƹȥδˣ
æصƹȥ۵Ǳˡ
۵Ϫһʣ˶ԷĻشȴȤ
ǣһ˰ƹĽȥҪʻưԼ֪Ķ˵ˣҲʲôܡ
Ϫͷûȥ
ƼͷֹסֲԼȥѿһԣץһ󣬿ʼûһ˵
ʵˣ۵Ǳҵʦ⼸ĵʦ챻ұˣ˻ǲ⡣
˵Ŷ˶٣Ŀת˼ȦѹС˵ǱҵĵʦҪɵʰٷ֮𣬻ҪƷŵʦ˵ҪΪĵʦҲںսˡ
Ϫ
֪ΪΣܸоҪĪϤ
˵Ҳмֵ
ŵʦҲͬҵĻлϲϻԽ
˾һûһһȵƹĻ
ϪԷЩ⣺ŵʦôпչֲˣ
Ϫ򵥻˾䣺ٽ󡣡
ƹͷʾ⣬ʦȷʵҪϰĴҲ
տɻҪҩ
šϪӴռȡҪĵҩڹ̨ϣЩһɡ
Ҫ಻٣ƹҲЩԾҪ֪Էϻﻹûһ£һ£һôƿҩЩĵʦ
ˣȻ֪ʲôʣʲôʡܶԷʲôܣֻԼ⡣
ϾԴϪ֮Ժ˲٣ɲ᷸ɵѲүߡ
ƹϰڳһЦеĺƱ飬ܿãЩһʮǧֲֿ֣ۻǶһɻ֣
ֲֿۡϪûԥ
Ҳֻǲ廰ƹ֮ǰѾŵʦҪֲ룬ֻ͵ȡˡ
ƹݸһ͵ȱʲôȥȡϪ˳㡣
һʮʣµĻһϣ
áϪԼƽԷ
ƹһ߻ˣһ˻ƣһأƺлҪϪ˵
ϪֵؿŶԷ
ȿȡƹԼΣŵСѾŵʦ˵ҽձߵ£
СǽӴϪǸơ
Ϫȷʵ䡣
ƹһȻ˵ı飺С飬һиʲô¾ϲ¡Ҳ˵ұȥ۵ԭ򶼸˵˰ɡ
Ϫ֪ôأɴ಻ء
ƹҲ⣬ʵϣ۵ҹȥһЩϵ
ңϪȡ
ȷʵйءƹ϶͵ŵʦҲ˵۵ǱһֱеʦǵĵҩƷʻߣ˵ע⡣
˵ġѾ͹ֻ弶ʦǵҪ󣬶ԷӦò
лƹ񡣡ϪлԷĺ⣬ֺǵҪʲô
ƹһ͸ı飺ϵʦȥԣ
ƹ˵Цˣܲܽ׻˵ǿԵģϪ࣬¶Է̽
ƹЦЦû˵ʲô
ȥϪ˵¡
ǰѩʹǧеһʱ䣬ڴסǵǸŮ˵ݣԷǴĵˡ
֮ϪᣬΪŮ޵ʦָҪ浤ҽΡ
֪ԷʱϪǻһ󣬲˵˿һ黨ŷġ
ϧǣԷҵλʦУûܳɵը¯ˡ
֮󣬾۵ļʦϢ
ϪЩ뷨ٳûͻƣҲֻա
£˲˼ȥ
Ϫͷͻƺûҵʵĵʦȥԡ
ԵȻãҲʡȥĴռҩĵ̡
С֧ľȰҪһ浤ĲϲףԷѾʧһΣûȫգʱӦò׿¯㲻Ҫż
ãҲǿ󡣡ϪӦ


91 
Ϫ߻ûͻ, Էһ
λѣῴͻȻŵŮ, 鲻ôϲûǴϴεļ棬ƺ졣
ǧѩŮ˱Լ֣ɫ֮ǰðλҸǸ
˵ŵǸɲһ
οԷصİͲмǵŶ, λǧѣĵǸǲܡ
ǧѩüҪβſϽܣ
ᴽһƣҪ˵ȴϪ¡
˼ƣֻԼ׽Ū֮,
ͣ, Ϫſǧѩ֪ǧѽк£
ǧѩ䵽ϵĿ, Ƭ̺ſʣ֪ŵʦĵȼ
ȻΪ¶, Ϫʵ弶
ǧѩʧȴӵҼƵĵҩƷʺܺ, ɵҲܸߡ
ȻһۣеĲм˿Ρ
ʵϪóȥЩҩѾɸѡĴƷ, Ѿ˸߳һء
ˣǧѩҲ֮, һ弶ʦϣԷǸˡ
ǧѩƣ̬ȣ츳ãȴûָ
仰һѪصϪ
ڣĵܽ˿죬һԴ츳һǻڵ֥ĵеȼʮָߣټʹбİ෽ۺнյĳɾ͡
ˣҲʱ޷⡣һĵʦʱѰʦİϪȴֻһط֥µıʼǣһԴеó𰸡
ַʮִ֮ǰν͸оظǳٳٲͻơ
ǧѩҲ֪һ㣬Ż˵Էʦ⻰п˽˵ġ
ϪͨйؽڣֱԵлֱ˵ɣȦӡ
ǧѩһ㶣û뵽ֱӣ漴ϻֱ˵⣺ʦһ棬߼ʦ
ȻϪµһ
û̻ش𣬶ȸᴫȥλʦһ档
ҲпĵλʦȻ㣬ȥһ浹Ҳԡ߼ʦ֮ͻȻҲпܡ
ϪЩӶӦȥҲ۵˼ǧѩĻԷָϪ˼ǾǺ¡
˺ܿ꣬ϪҲ𰸣ãϣܴҵһȥ
ԡЩҲһϡǧѩȵ
Է˵ˣ˾ͲǻˣĽǺƺһȺˣȫǧѩһ۵
۵ӢȣһЩʿΪһЩ⣬ĵûʲô
ǧѩϪһλʦֵס
붴ϪǺܿһĪĲˡԷһŽ˿ľϣ
ǧѩߵԱߣʦ֣ˡ
ϵԻۣվŵˣЩ¶һº͵Цݡ
λȪʯ
ģװЩ֮ͬУԷûƯȴӡ
ѩƲƲ죬С²۵װģ
СߣȻһ
ǧѩɫҪŭȴϵ˽ͣ
ѩȥݲ衣
ǣʦ֡ǧѩֻ˳ëèһ
ϪҲǳѩ䣬Ǹǰ£ѩж̣֪²࣬ҹ̲ܽ㣬ð
¡˰ڰ֣⡣
ѩϪתͷỳ
ȻϴҲίǸԼҿɽ
˵ģҪң
ѩʹɫ
ʹǧĬĬվһԣ۹۱ǣڹġ
ʹһѩֺգת˵ϣ۲úȻڡ
˵Ĳᡣ
ԶԷոȻȷʵǣҲȫװģ
һЦĬ˵ҽݼ
ãѵѡĿڣ˵Ļһͱ˵ǿƣʱղˡԣҪǵİ
ҪԷ
᲻ϲǣűߡ
ǧѩݼʹǱֵƺºͣƽ׽ˣԴİȴڲزסָо̫ϤˣѾá
ʱץԷ㣬ȻŹĻᣬȨԼС
ݼЩ⣬Է˲ѣܽ˽͸϶ǾͲˡ
ҲֹһˣϪͬƳһЩ֪ĻҪһЩ
ѵѿùʲôϪʳԼɻ
仰֮䣬˫ĵλͷı䡣
ݼԭһƵģʱϪ˵ϣҲ֪סܿҲ֤ǵı£Ȼٶ˼ӡ
кһͷϵλ˵Ĳǰȷʵһζҩ
ˣͬǸȴࡣϵڣǿˣԼһ߼ʦˡ
˵˵ˣݼҲں˵ࡣ
ʦ˵໹ܳ¡ŵƵĵҩҼѵĵӦѾ弶۷˰ɣֻһžͿͻƣһȥ˵Ŀɶԣ
ϪԷԼ⣬ȷʵܸоڵǿҩģ֪Ϊÿҳƣ󶼻ʧܸա

ݼϪͬĵޣÿһǿԼʵʵ߹ģ֪ʶʵϪܸ𰸡
Թ˵˵Խ࣬ϪԽ·֮ǰǰһ±紵
̸ЩȲһΡ
ݼֹŵѿȿơ
ϪԷ
ݼԳһЦȻҡŵ뿴ҲҲٸʾһΡ
áϪ
˵գݼԱõǧѩѩŵȥǱߣ˵ҷԸġ
ãھʹŵʦȥǧѩ˵۵ʦ˵ôûҲˣȥЪŰɡŵʦҶᰲźõġ
ţ¡ݼϸ𵭵Ц⡣
ͬݼ˵껰ǧѩ˳˶Էסȥ
ǧѩҵ棬ͬ˵ݼҪ
ԷĿתϪϣǳǳֻۣ˵˾䣺ɣ
˵ߣҲܱû
ϪæŶԷ˵ңҲȥ˭֪ûſھͱ£ʦʱϲ̫˴š
ʦҪϪһİ˸ȥѾǿݼϣ˶⡣
ǧѩҲþô뿪λһ۵Ұ˴ǵϹһ䡣
Ϫһȥ֪òܳվɵҲ£ͬ顣
һߣϪųҺ󣬶ԷʲôҲû˵Թ˶ֲִ
ϪҴţԾҵһλãʼ۲Էһһ
ǶԷֲַ
ֲ弶ֲĴѶȸҲϸĶ죬Ϫú
ͬʱ˳ԼԱһ£ַӦøһЩʵҲסһû⡣
žõ¯ҩҺ
˫ֿٷתںϵҩҺ־£¯еҩҺһ
ԽԽ죬ԿӰ
ϪУȻؿԷÿ
һ־ϪȻһ𣬷·ʲôһˡ
ʲô
ϪиĹ۲쵤¯еҩҺţΣڷֵҩŵƵϡ
ļǶ֮ĸ֪γԼĵǽĨ߼ϾԼĵ
ϪƵϾǳ浤εǰ
Щڵ֥ıʼ֮ǰݼ˵Ȼֽϵվǳֳֻ֪Ϫܸ˼
Ϫ˼ڼ䣬Ҳѽһ
һͺܿ鵤ʦ档
ǰ洦ںҩҺḶ́ķʦľҲҪӴһ̣ͻʧܡ
ЩʦĹѡ񲿷Ӷ֤ܳɹɵԼҩƷʡ
ʵֻԪӤףر㣬ʶɵʱѡһҩҺרһҩҺ
һ죬¯Ʈһ㡣
öԲĵҩڵ¯ײöƷöƷ
һϪ֪Էڵ츳͡ҲԣȻݼŵˣҲиˡ
Է굤Ϫ߹ȥ˵л
ԣ΢˵ͷϪ˵˵ڶ仰ɿˣû͵һʱ
Ϫһ²׶Է˼û壬Էͻһʱٿһ¯ʾڶΡ
ˡ
ϪѾйؼûҪٿһΡ˿̸Զ֡
֪ҿңϪʵ
Ƴһۣ㲻۵ˡ
˼ǲˣϪЩʧ
˭ֱ֪Ӵ򿪵ҴţһʿҵƣȥԱһҡ
·תϪæл
ҵܿ꣬Ϫóֲ׼
ҪǷе׵ҩѶԼ򵥡
֮ǰڴпռѾģܶΣǰ洦ֲĹ̶˵ѶȣڶںҩҺҲ˳ɡ
ܿ͵׶Ρ
ϪŽǹɵϣȻѣһβʧܡ
ʧһκϪûżеڶΣϸϸ򷽲ŴиܵĶ
רע˼ʱڵȻʼ궯ͣؾ£ܱߣڵ֮еϪȴûע⵽
ܿ죬óڶҩģʼڶ֡
һأϪһƬҲʮ˳
һʱ󣬵Ʈ
֪һ̣ϪŴרע״̬
ŵ¯ڵķеϪһĨЦ⡣
סϲȸ˷һ⴫һǸԼɹͻƵĺϢ˵ԼչصϢ˵ġ
֮Ϫһ¡
ڼ䣬ÿ춼һ飬ͬĻǧѩ
죬˹һΪնԷǲ׼뿪˭֪ǻδţϪĴʹ˳
ˡʮֻϲæתߣ·ϹϪ
һ²ϪȽһԼ˼֮顣Ҳͦţֱǧѩ˲ɿ
ŵʦϢһ죬ȥʦ֣ǧѩѯʵ
ϪڸǲסĽʮ飬ĵڹȥɡ
áǧѩӦһ㡣
һ¹ȥݼƺˣǿϪ˵
ϲѣɹʦݼᣬϸмֳ
Ϫ֣мӦøлָŶԡ
ݼЦЦûмȥǿżɽʣŵĳɵмɣ
ʮɡ
ݼûмԴ󣬶ǼʣƷĳʼΣ
ʮ֮ġϪ΢Ѹ˵һЩ
áݼ鼤ǧѩѺ侲ʳһ⣬ڿа浤
׼һϪԥһҪ󣬡֪ɷȽ浤ֲң
Ҳ֪ҪЩ֣Ϊȷһʧõֲ
仰һǧѩȻֲ㣬ô죿ʦ𣿡
ż֮£Ҳû˼Լ˵ʲô
Ϫһ£ȻݼԻԣԷϢǸʵˡ֮ǰûǷ룬¿ӦǶԷ˵ҩʲô
̽˵ܣĬûв𴩶Էֻʲôû
ݼ̬ɺøС
һΪ㲵ʦã˼ľĵãȸ㡣ʮ죬ҪõöƷ浤Ҫ𣿡
Ϫ֣سŵҴӦ
˶µġ
˶ȥݼԱߵĶһᶼסˣϪ˵ҪչأҲ˷ʱ䣬ͻӢԿ޳׬ȡ֡
ȻʱҲûš
ӢǱ޳ȼЩˣ𲻵̫á굤Ǿ۵ɡ˵ԼĴ㡣
ϪǰҲָоԷôһ˵ͬˡ
Ҳã浤󣬿˳ݼһϢ
ȻʱӦκˣǻӦҪȥؾƣԣĵҪȥġ
ʹˣǧѩ˵һͨƱԼһǧ̺֡С׵ʱݣҲҪǧ֡
ôࣿϪЩȡ
ȷʵͦġͷ¶һЦⲻ𣿡
ôָɵʲôãͻƱ
ˡ˵ϪӦ˼
ԣ֮˵϶ͷùϪúúñˣܲʡʻ־ȫϪˡ
ϪԽͻȻһ£н𣿡
ţ漴°͵аúñ֡
һġϪӦ¡
Ϣһ
ڶգϪʼ׼浤ǰù
ҪĹڴпռڵģ
ϪȰѡĲҩɨпռڣ֮ЩͬĲҩģ⣬֮͸ɡ
ݼЩϣϪ滻е鶾黨ԼƷʸõЩĲϵǴ
¹ᣬϪģڴпռϰ⣬ĥ˴˵Ĭȡ
Ϫȷһʧſʼơ
ֲҩҺںҩҺ
ǰڳ׼ƹʮ˳
ڣϪϪ濼һ뵤ҺֻŵȻһ뵤Һû˷ѣǽĶӡ
ʵ֤ʮǡ
һ뵤ʡľͿԸӾʣµŵ
ͷϪԸԾСĵյҩڵʡ
һ־꣬¯ڵöҩɹΡ
Ϫ򿪵¯öҩУöƷ⣬ȻöƷ
⡭
ΪһΣƷû뵽
ϪϲʤŰסеļ
ллϪĽС
˲лֻҪԺιҳԺóԵľͺˡߵ
á
Ϫѵҩƿ󷨳š
ᡢݼǧѩæӭȥ
ƶɹˣ
ݼҲϪϵĵ㿴黹㵭ֻдֲܿĵļ
ǧѩŵؿϪҪһȷĴ𰸡
šϪͷ
ģѵҩʦ֡ǧѩæߴٵ
ѩ侲ݼסļ򣬡ŵʦ֮ˣҪ
ϪݼһۣȻˣԼ˵ĻԶԷмĺô
һöƷöƷѡ
Ʒ
ݼʵ̫ϡ
УȽ侲ǧѩֱӼػ˵
ݼǿ򶨣һſڣʲô
ǰĵͨƱ
û⡣ȫҪǡ
ԷӦϪҲˬذѵҩ˸ߡ
ߺϪʣµǿ浤ᡣ
ۼԷ£ȫ޸֮һֱѹؿڵǿʯء


92 
ƻָ, ΪҲػ۷ʱڡ
ѾԺ۵˾ȥһ۵ϵƹ, ǵ滻۵ơ
æЩݼ
˶ļ٣ܶûüϸ˵ݼΪ˶Լĳŵ
ʦõλĻʱԸһȥȻλżҲڰͨƱǡݼṩַˡ
ʱ䣬̫
˵ǸؾʮŻῪ, 뿪ȫüҶҲںսһ
˿ǹǵꡣ
áݼϪĴ֮ɫ
֪֮˾۵󣬸ǵѶסŵ⴦ǡ
ݼϪûмսȻӢһ˿ѩǡ
˵ʱ, ʹǧֱŤ, ѩų̺СһԿ֡
龰ϪѾ˾ռ, ˷й˼, ЩŤѩең˼վҪһᡣ
ĸѩʹ˸ɫ, ϪֻûǵС
۵һʱӦòᾭЩҩţ֮һʱ͡Ϫȡ׼õĵҩøˡ
ѩֻעǰ䣺ʲô, ϪϪ㲻ˣ
ϪæǲֻǱߵĺ޵ȼ, ʺĥս
ѩˣȻǶϪõ£ֹҸһȥ
ϸǡϪûӦŸףΪӢĺʺ֣ȥ۵»ࡣ
ѩû˿ԥνг̺СװأҲҪԼ¡
ѩ⣬Ϫ˵δӦ
ֻʣºʹǧˡ
ʵãͲȥˡϪڣǧȱ
֪һ·ʵûаﵽԷʲôһֱܶԷݡϪʵȻֹڴˣһʱǶԷȣܼƤ۶Է
˿壬ϪȻǿȣǵʵӢõѡ
Ͼദôʱ䣬ϪǰöӤˡԶ˵ԺʵӤǳ綼£öӤǶʺϵĶ
ǧͺˣ˻ص۵
*

Դǻص۵Ժ˾ͿʼһɱޣһԼʵ
УݼҲʱϪֵ̽ÿݼȻǧѩˣ֮ĹϵҲࡣ
֮⣬˻ȥΣõʯõ˲ٺö
ԭΪӣһֱ뿪졣뿪ǰսȻӭһ޳
սն޳ϮǶһЩС޳Ĵ޳һʮҲŻᱬһΡ
ݼǧѩֽǰսļߣһ㶼ʮһ
ԭ´εĴ޳ٻʮŻᱬӦܰȫڽҲΪˣʦŻݼһսǿĵ޳
뵽㲻ã˲ûòκָϴ޳
ݼһ꣬һ߿뵺פļλɽʿϵӦ޳¡
һߣϪǰ˸ԡ
ĺ޲˼ȼսͬ١
¼㱻ɱʿϪѩǻ͡
ѩԣǶСһЩҪ̫Զ
áСֻԹԴӦ
Ҳߣε޳̫ˣʲôʡз֣Ȼȥ˵
ֹǣսϵ˶½½˻صϡ
оḻʿߣʧⲻǴ޳ɡ
޳Χ˸ž
ôܣڻʮꡭͼʵǰĻûȡ

˵۷׷УϪǶԴʱҲһЩ˽⡣
ûãȷϢ˴ȷʵǴ޳ǰϮ
ͬʱһϢԼ𣬵ϵķ̼ǿ⣬޳ڼ䣬е޳ʿûַͬʱһӦҩ׭ȶһּ롭
տӰɽʿҲڴʱ
һӦʩ˲䰲ס̻̲ʿ˴һŶ衣
ÿ˶ÿһδ޳һĴѡȻ٣ѾˣΪ֮ƣֻдƴһһ
޳ս׼ʹоţҲܿ
ۼۼغԽԽ࣬ƴײǲ͸ķ֣ÿײһ£ܿһ㵴Ĳơ
޳һʼֱм伸ͣЪʱ̡
ϵʿȴֹսԼʹӭսҲмƻ
ڵϼλµ֯£ʿֳɼͬΣַ档һǰ˻ȥô˻Ϣȴһֽ档
мƻؽȻЧ޳һ£ϵķֶûбơ
һ¹ȥⳡ޳ƺͣЪƣ˼״һ
Ȼֻߴļ鲻˼򵥡
Ĵһﻹû
ƶ֮ϣλɽٴ۹·˷Źκһ˿춯
ƶ֮£ϪӳһնɱһֻԼޣת׼صӡ
Ȼʱ
һĺӰͻȻߣһ°˲סϽס
̷ֻڵָ䡣
󲿷û巢ʲôǼΪʱҲΪһʿô˵
ֻᣬֻüݼ˵һ䣺չѩ
˵Ծ뺣ˮС
ķӦٶȲ޵ٶȸ죬Ϻˮ޴ǹӰϾҪǰʧ
ûʱȥΪʲôǹﵥֻϪ֣˿ֻһͷǾ׷϶Է
һ㣡
ٿһ㣡
Ҫٿ죡
ǿҵ壬ؿڵǿһǿȻӿȥ
֪޾Уֱʧһ޴β
βɿڶѸ½ˮһ˲ʧ
ӰԽԽ죬ԽԽ졣
ڣ׷ǸϪĹ
һļһһͷֻܿһ޴ɽһĶͼĴ֡
Ǽ֣Ϫ֮ǰӢնɱӰ㡣
ԣѰˡ
ǲѰ𣬵֮ע޷ˡ
Щͷֻһ˲֮䣬룬ͬϰϪ
Ϫ˵𣿡
һ潹غϪһ뷨ǰĴһ
ϪĻͿشңҵġ
һһ飬þõòӦҲһ³Խ
ϾֻǻԷΪ̫ϪİΣһʱ͵ıһֻУ˲䵹ɳ
ĿѪȴǷϲ
ΪϪڻӦˡ
ڣ𼱡
ϪԺѣһ¾ᰲġ
ǰ޲סͬʱע˲֪ʲôϪʧȥ֪
֮İ᲻ϵĺУһԼʶ
˿취ϪԼҲԴС
һƬʲôҲ塣ϵѾʧϪܸоԼû޵ħצ
ڻŲҩѹϪ
ǿǽеǵһ
Χ˲ϪԼĻ
˿վһһ߰׹ϣ׹һ뱻ˮûˮл۵ðݡ̧ͷϿǰɫıڶ
ϪȻһ²⣺޵Ķɣ
ԽԽÿܡ
ܶԲԣһԡ
δָϬöãܶľֻ
⼸õʯҵĺöһ붼ιԷʵ׳١
Ϫָ£׼ͷϵĺɫڶʹա
ڣա
⣬ʦͨ츳˿˿ʱʱĥһ޵Ķ䡣
й֮£޳׶ŭƢꡣ
ԭСһŪᣬȴ֡
һα֮ûסһƺߡ
Ϫּǡ
˿Ҳûжɡ
ڱ֮ʣˮ׺Ȼð֣Ϫסٽˮ
һûˮףϵķ¾ڱʴҪ̫ñȫʴ
Ϫ죬ˮ˼¶ֵס
ȻԷûи̫пʱ䡣
ŷʧȥЧһ͸壬ʱҲ֮ǰİ׹һ㣬ʲôʣ
취
Ϫֳ֣һЩסĴ֣һ˻ڣյʣҩ
ʱһһιȥ
ϪоϵķѾʧȥЧˮѾʼʴƤ
ڣиŬڱѹƵȫָ˲䣬ƴϬˢطɳյĵطһϰϪϵĴ֡
õɺϪһҲҵ飬ͬʱһץסϬ
ףֻ޲ͬԼ֮ǰһֻʹþȫҲδ˶Էֺ
Ρ
Ϊޣη޾塣
һǾ
Ǿʮٽ򽣡ֱΪֹ
Ϫóǰջ򽣡뽣ڣľġ
ÿӶһΣƾǿһ֡
ǧۣЩ۵ĳںϣǧ꣬ջΪǧǳ
Ϫͬʱӳһ
Щǳĳһ˲ͻȻը»Ϊ
ǾҵıըУϪնڶ
һ£ǰĺڰէȻƿĺˮ˲䵹ЮϪ壬ҷӿ
ͬʱϪιҲ˫۷ǰʧȥʶǰӵ뻳С


93 
Ϫ, ѡҡҡϪļ
Ϫۣһĵؿ
˶Դ, ŷԼβϡ
š˾ݼӦÿ쵽ˡ
Ϫãʣʲôط
˰βͣ»ΪȣҲӦ۵ͦͦԶ
˵ͬʱϪҲڹ۲ܵĻ
ǴʱһƬɳ̲ϣһСĻĵһ۾ͷ
˵ںˮУӦǱˮ嵽ƬƬɳ̲, øǳ
뵽ϪȻʧȥʶǰȻһ޴ĺ
֪ǰ˺, ˣ
ᵹ, ̾˿, 龭Ϫ
ǰһԿʱ, Ǳ߲֪ʲôͻȻ˻Ӧ
ʲô£һſɱ޾, վΪö÷
ҽ֮ʱȻɽʿϵɽʿ, ޺ܿ·硣
ͷҲͻȻ, ƸһвʣǰͻȻһɾ޴ҺģĶߣű˾ߡ
ǰԼݼӰҲǣ޹ʣΨһʶļ˵ɽʿҲֻݼˡ
ϪȻ򣺡ղ˵ݼǡ
ԭֻæտѩû뵽㡣ͷипһ󣬺ƳϪһۣҵˣ˼˰굤ϵǳҲ
ϪﲻԷȤǽ͵ѵѽԵཻܳɹգȷʵӦøлѵѡ
ţҵȻ֪

˵ţݼȻ
˺һۿȴϪᡣ
ݼĿ´һ
ʹһֱôţҲܲˡ
̲סѵѣǣ
ǸݼŷӦæָ糣ڵѣŵѣ°ɣ
ʺҲǴ˸ոյգϪ˳ƽȥ
ֻݼһˣ˵Ϫᱻ˾Ѿա
ݼֻʮ˺ѩһںĴˣ۵ޡϾֻ޳Ķɽ޳ȴͣϢ
Ϫᶼʾ⣬ֻ޵£ֻ֪޷޳ԭ򣿡
ݼͷ˵һӱʿɱˣġ

Ϫһֻۣλӣ˵ʲôݼֵ
ҲǸͷˡӰһܲӣжٸ飬˵ϵʲôֻʲôˡ̰ŷ޳
˵Ŀֱֱ䵽ϪϣζԶ
Ϫֵʮ̹ȻȷʵѰӢʱȷʵɱһֻڵĻӰ㡣
Էܣǿ϶ġϪҲܡݼǸʶȤˣ֪ʱ򣬾ʡ
Ǿ͵Ѱİɡݼƿߣ˵¡
˴δ޳ϢӦѾĵǱߡǱӦûɳµļߣƲ⣬໹а¾ͻᵽﺣսʱϣͻ̻ĵλҪͬȥĵþҪ´á
Ϫá
˵˵꣬˵յϢϹ󣬾̻۵
ֻɽڵĻӰһԴԴĺޱٻڵʿŬ£޳ƽϢӭһΰڡ
ϪҲô˻ȥһӢͬǧ˵𡣶˲޳гɹջСǧѾԪӤıߣվͻס
Ȼ޳Ǳ仯ĻΪ˹ϵĸı䡣
ǧջ̹Լ⣬Ӧͺһ
֪ģֲôĵľҪѩˡϾǰô£ǧԽûпϣûǴ˾ˡ
ǲЩܡ
ˣף
˵ˣϪҲ˵Ŀġ
ǧͺо򣬵Ҳûжʧ䣬󷽷˵˼䡰һ·˳硱Ļ
ٱ֮ʣϪ˶һЩĵҩ
Ӣ뿪תͷȥ԰ϴĻȫʡ
һæ꣬ݼǱҲ׼
*
ĵֽʮȺɵ
˼壬ʮȺɵʮʮʮϵĵÿһλɢɡ
ݼǧѩǴʮȺɵеĵģ˲ӳʮȺɵݼǵ״ӡ
ǰϪǾ֪ԷݲͣȴҲûôߣ˵ʱлΪӡ
Ĳͬһߣʦƽĵ츳ߵĺ󱲣ϪʣȻԸ֪ġҪ֪˼ҿʮʦܶҲڶˡ
ݼȰ˵ϧߡ
ô÷ʦָ֪Լʲô
ʵֹǶܣҳڶ
ϪǼᶨлѵѵĺ⣬Ѿ鷳̫࣬ټ鷳ʦϪû֡
Էͼ̫ˣϪ뵱ѡδ֪Ŀ֮ǰǲԷǣ̫ࡣ
ݼ̾˿εȻλ֣Ҳ˵ʲô
ǰݼһƣҲһЩ
Ϫûоܾ
ݼûǿдǣ˵Ǳ֮һһӲԷߣԷš
䶫أ󷽷ǰ٣ܿԷûж⡣
㣬һҵطһߴϢһߵݼš
ϣһºݼȻٶȳǰ
ŵѣڵѣλСŵѣּˡݼЦݺ㡣
ѩƢɾûôˣʲô
ϴŨŨľ֮ɫ
ݼ״æ͵СŵѲˣҴ޶⡣
ûж⣬˭ģѩƲƲ졣
Ϫͷˣѩѵ˵䡣
ðɡѩԸصͷһߡ
Ϫݼѵ±ֱ˵ɡ
áݼ˽ԸֱֱȥҲӣֱӱ⣬ҷʦ֮ŵѺڵǰһ

Ϫһۣû뵽ݼ˵ʦ
ǶʲôֵöԷĶ
ϪûС¾ϻ֮һֱСģұ¶欸ڹѾʵӦ
ֻǱߵϢˣݼıֲ
ңϪǰʱյĹ۲죬ԷȤԸ
Ϫʶս֣ʵ֪ʦк£
ҾͲ֪ˡݼҡͷ¶˽ţְολģԲǻ¾ˡ
Ϫ֣ʾģھ͹ȥ
ݼͷλûµĻھȻá
ܹһѾһ£ҲҪ׼ʲôȻѾã㲻ٶൢ顣
ݼʦɢɣڰǧǰ⣬˺һǧһ׽٣ѾǾŽɢɡ
ŽɢɣѾΪĴڡ
Ȼ
ɢɱ˿ȴûеĸĪ⣬ʮͨ
Էάʮҵͣһͨɫ·ϸĵŪֲ
أϸһоһ˿˵һûͨҲпܡ
һͨҲܳڵԺôҪĵطˡ
ݼһֱȶԷǰʦˡ
ãݼݼˡȥ׼ЩˮͤҺ⼸λС䡭ŶˣĥСأǾ׼Щʳ
ĥһֻгӤŻɡ
ͣѩֻСĥСӤ
ѩЩˣԷ˵׼ʳǡȻˣӤӤɣҲ򲻹
ѩ˼תĿ죬صлллǰ
̺СһΪף˵ʲôϲظ
ллǰ
أ
ЦЦÿݼݼȥ׼ǾҵͤЪЪţæһ磬۵ûš
ɢҲ𣿡ѩɻ
ЦŨɢҲˣ˶۵ġ
ѩףȴûмͣתϪˣأ
ǶΣ
⻰ʵЩ塣
˼أ˺ü𰸣ֲ֪ĸȷġ
Ϫ෴뵽ʲô˵ʲôδۡ
˵۲ָ壬׷֮·
˼ͷлˣɵʲôС
ϪûӻֿᣬĿͣѾͷ˼̫أá
ǰ֪λء
ȴȻʵĸˣ
ĸףгǰָ欣ʶĸף
ڿһץһöɫƬöƬӸᡣ
ԣ˵Ѿͷһμ棬ҲмˡѾͷߵʱ˵ңӶˣҲ˻˼ûң
öƬһ£ȷʵ欵ϢƬ滹һŤŤ֣֮ǰؾһΣôҲֻдóóˡ
ϪȻҲּɲͬ޹˼ɳЦԷ
ָĦƬɫȴûСǰʵǲǲ
.ΪΣ
ɫͳǰˣֻһƲл˼䡣
Ļһ˲ϸἸۣϺȻ¶Ȼ顣
ԭˡһϢԭΪ㡣
˵궨˶񣬲ֿᣬһƾƳЩüĺȻʲô֣ˣ
ǰҲ֪壿ٴ˾ȣŻصҵ諣Ҳȷǲ֮ˣȷѪ
諡ʶһ֣ûкر
·£欵
ʵ˵ˡ
Ϫ󲹳ĸĻϣ֮ǰʱҺһҪܣ֮ã˯δѹ
ô˵ɫһЩóҿһ
Ϫȡ欸ľݸ
һ߿һ߼ݼݼ˵ڴؾĪΪƣ
ϪǰµûȷʵΪ˽ؾƲ
˵䣬ݼʳˮ
ʦ
Ѷ£㿴⼸Сѡ
ǡݼͷ
ԸݼŸղŵĻ˵ˣؾǿԲȥˣʦ
Ϫɫһϰϲ
鿴ʲôģǶֻʦĵ׸ֻǸҡҪõǶҲףֻҪԸȥʦһ档ҪӦòϧôһõĶ
Ϫɫ΢ǰյĿģ
Уȴֹڴˡ
ҲǶ˴⣬欵£ȫ
鵯ָһͷĸ䱸
ţݼݼӦͬ˵Ҷûж⣬ʦҲСûж⣬ʮȺɵĵֻ⡣
⻰Ϫһͷˮ
ϪҲǰ˼
ȷ˵ǿ֪ʮȺɵ
ϪȻ֪
ŵһ
ԭʮȺɵйء
ʮǰܻģҲûʮȺɵһ˵
ʱೣܺϮһЩ⣬ΧСȴʱʱٸΣա֮ҲԳһɣ˽⣬ûͳһĹ
ı䷢帲ʮѵܡ
ʮ˿ܵľڲ̣ĸı䡣һ·ֱΪѹˣǿȨͳһܵĹ¡
ΪѹƶܾڵʿҲΪ帽ĺޣʮڷ֮ʱΪɢɣ涨Ժεÿһλ⣬ֻ˲мεĻᡣ
ʮλΪɢɣַ־ʮأʮȺɵŴȥ
ȻЩֻ֪Ĳࡣһ飬ֻʮλλŻᱻ֪
Ϫɻ
ϪȻֻʮλȨ֪ǰΪθ֪Ҷˣ
̸ʱʹֶΣ⣬ѩǾԱߣҲǵ̸ݡԴʱֻ֪֪ˡ
ȻΪǶйء˵㣬鿴ᣬһػŵأأ欳£ȻҪ̳ʹ
ֿϪ㣬ˣȻҲʹЩȼʦȻס
˵꣬ȶ˷ӦּӸղδĲֿʼ½
һԣһһ硯仰ʵ֪֮УǧС磬ǧ磬ǧ硣ڵ粻ֻǧеһ
ÿһ綼ԼйͽġľǹӦԴоĲԴĲǼ᲻ɴݣͬʱҲһɲ䣬Ҳģһľ罫ڣﶼޣûĳ
һЩٿݽߵ磬Ϊ˱ֽʶͻ취ӱӶ
˵˶٣ɫƱˣߣΡ
˵ʮǰǳֻɴ˲ʱһʶ磬Ϊı£һͽϸѡҵõʱȼʱʮİ
ʱһϼ⣬ƺʶһ㣬䵽ϡԭʮõĻ棬ȴż̸۵Ļ⣬Գ˸С
Ϫ˵ĻѤʵϼ֪ΪкȻһʹ
С
׻˵һپ١һ
Ȼڴ˼磬˭ֲΪ֮أ
żڣʳһ⣺˿֪ΪУЩܷ
϶Է˵Ļһ𰸴ͷĳ˼Ľֳˣ
иֳһ˿κͿɱȻɹɹĵȴδȫ޸ŵޣͷų٣޷֧ʿ裬ȻܳɹʵһǰͿʼˣڼûһ˳ɹЩҪô׽Ҫôͬһɢɡ
ѾǾŽɢɣûʱ侭һ׽١ٶ꣬һ׽٣ҪôɹҪôʹ˵ɢ
Ϫĵһ˿ϣ


94 
Ӷ, ѵû취𣿡ʵ
ɫҪ˵ġ޲ĵĵڶַǷ˽ṩʿ, ʿ򿪷ͨͬģʿɹõһַ
Է˵ǰַһΥڶڽ£ֻҲвͨôصӦþˡ
ʵʲô
׼
׼ζ˵أǳ, ϾһѪܵʷ
ǰ˵ǳѳɹɹǿ֪ζɹģʹǾһģ
Ѫᡣ
δۼ֤ǳѣʮȺɵÿһεڼʱ봫б, бصǳֻ㹻Ŀġ
Ϫڴб￴ĳ
ʱϪ, ˵, ȷ, ǹȥ֣Ԥԡ
٣ûеڶѪ, ˭⡣ˣףȻθˡ
ǰ, ˡϪһۣͬļᶨɫ, Ǿһȥˡ
ҲϪ˼ҵ˼ǰ˵Ķԣǰ˭Ҳ޷
ңҲһӦȥһˡ
áǾͼ̰ɣȥءСѾݼݼչǡ
˵Ҳ˵ݼһ仰˺һѷ죬ץ˽ȥ
գ۵Ĺ˾͵һڡ
ڲյĹ֣֧ŵϷ񷶥һӦʩޣԵɨһۣܾ۵ס
Ϫһ۾ע⵽Ǹ޴İͼ
԰ͼΪϪ㲼ʶλʦ޵ĺпǰԲһࡣ
ϪҪǺģʱ鿪ˡ
ʦ㣬Ҵˡ
˵꣬ھһƬž֮С
ʱһһţ֪˶ãһϳɣ
£ϪῴǵհǽϣȻһš
ע⵽ھǶһС䡣
˸ȥ
һ޵ؼ࣬ûһİ裬ذҲǶһͼ
Ψһͬľǰͼģһɫţһ׷ԲԵ档Էͷ­ʹһ˯һ㡣
ԣ߾ʦɢɡ
ʦ㣿
лһỊ̃ŵļᣬ¾һ㡣
ûзӦ˰βƵ̧ͷϪˡ
˵˵ĸо豹ôǰ򣬾ȫȫһӵķһ㡣
Ʊ鲼ﲼǣֻдƤ״毺õĹԼһȥķˡ
տݹǣ˳ĺ
ڷͨܵʿ˥ʱнľ
˵ǰϪǻֻδһֱ۵ĸܣ¼ģ򵽷·Ͼĺ
ǡ
飬ڻϪʱһ˿ɳڵ鶯¡
ǰȵˡ
˵仰ͷٴδȥŰƽ͡
ʣˣΪԷƣ۲Żˣֱ忪ʼɢ˲ŷӦԷôȥˡ
ۿ˲ˣʦ㣡
֪һֹ̻סѹ
޵磬Ѿѿصغܺáܿ춨ΪԷһ˳֪ͨλ
Щпպһͷˮ˽͡
˵ӦҲܿʦһ˱ͶʦΪҵеƴ㣬ľʹΪٶٵĵҩģá֪һ죬Ҳ׼ܺù
⻰˵Ҳ֪ǰοϪᣬǰοԼ
˵ԼҲʶ࣬ɫ֪ɻӴ˵ԻΪǽ󡣡
ľ룬֮䣬ʮλɢɱյϢϹ
һ仰͵ʦȥǰѾȷϹλҪȵˡ
⻰һ˵۵Ϫϡ
ı£û˻ỳɣȫûͽ
֮ȻҲŵ鶼ˡ
ǰֻͤǲʣһ־ġ
ĳ£֮ǰһε֪ˣζԷľҲδѰ֮
֮֮ǰһλӹصȻԷûѰ֮Ԥ縲١
β㣬Ҳľȫ
ɴˣԶɽΪεְ֮κǰλ־Ѱ
ڣڼǰϿһ˿ϣ
֮뿪ֹ˼ꡣ
Լʮǰ㵽һΣ֮ܣǵĵҲΪδٴϣ
ݼΪŸעˡһصȻϢ飬к˼棬ٴǼ¡
䲻׼ȷԤе֮˭ֻʲôʱܣֻҪԷվǰϳ
밢Ϫ񲻹һһԪӤξͷϣǰЩ𣿡
֮ǰЩȷʵЩдҲԼһ
˭ȵԷĵôнӵ
Ϫͬ
еȻӱܣɽն̶ʱյϢ̫࣬ڶδȫ
״Ҳǵ飺ģ˵ЩҪȥʲô˵컹磬㵽죬ҲЩϼһﶥǰ档ԣ֪ЩҲ̫ѹ
˵꣬ҲŸͣ˵ĶԣʹǶڣҲδ˵Ҫʲôһ˳Ȼǡ

ⷬǽãһЩ
֮Ϫͬص
һ뿪ʱǰ㣬ѩݼÿģȫȻ֪Ǿľˡ
һλæŵˣҲûϪǡԷҲȷʵ˵ûκҪһ˳Ȼ
ϪȻ˼˼գûãݼ˱㽫˼ŵϣûо¡
˾һ欵Ļǣһеع˼գӭǵļδ䡣
ѩϲ֣ôֵĳȻŹĥϪղ˵һȥ
鲻֪ôݼ֪£רŹһˡ
ݼݼ˵ȥδ񣿡
òԷϪЩ⡣
Ϫص׼ȥкμɻ䣿
⵹ûУȥȥֻǺȻ뵽εǰԪسڴǰȽбһˣѾͷȻҲѪһȥһˡ
бϪóԼӱŸö񱮣ǰ˵Ĵбָ֣
죬һѴùôԣⶫôϣĪǡҼϲûѪ
Ϫ˵ڱŸľⶫôϪҲ֪
鶢һᣬʵڿߣֻܷˣⶫȷʵҲǴбֻǲ֡ȻõбϿɣͬѾͷһȥɡȥʱϣʱֻкô
Ϫ˼ɻֺ棬ǻǾԷģȥһơ
ԸϣȥбǱߡ
˵ط˼һռǵ
ԷǶʮ߰ҵģº͡ϪǹѺõشкʹ˽봫б֮ͣء
һ棬ͼһ޴ֱصףŸǿ˺ü
һ˵أϪ͸оڵĴбܵٻһ㣬Ѹٴ룬ֱֱǰ񱮶ȥ
ʹڳ˶һ
ԪسʵʲôĻδڣ˾ͱһ׹ס


95 
, ̹
ߵ˶һɫҵر, ûע⵽ͻȻֵϪ
Ϫһվתͷȥߵˡ
ȻԱﻹӰضİס
Ϫ룬Աܹһһֻ֣һקסĸ첲һ߳ǰܣһ㻹ŸʲôûʥŮٻ𣿡
Ϫɻ󣺡ʥŮ
˿ûгֻĵҳ, û˵ǧŹһΣҲ֪سʲô£ʥŮǧŹĶˡ
壬ʥŮղ׹Ļ
ϪѾǸʲô
ǰöбΪһ, ˱СӦڴбĻþ, ǰʮǳ龰֡
׺, ϪҲͲų, ˳ӵظܡ
һ͵˼ϵĴ㳡
㳡һ̨һƤƳɵĴġǰվһŮӣһһô档
ԶĹɵһȺ, Ů
Ϫǵ㳡ǰѾΧˣֻվȺ, ԶԶؿһӰ
ſţﾹĪһϤĸо, лһЩۡ
ˣ
ϪʶԣȴôҲѹͷ
תͷٿ̨ϵˣĿȺɨӡ
ȷûиһþУʱǱһ΢ϣҿ
˵ǣ˽ľͬһþ
ϪȿԪسԷҲЩ⣬΢΢ףûϾԷб̴žҲӰ
ϪҲͷĴѰӰ
ؾûôõѹ㳡ϵ˶ɨһ飬ûзᡣͬҲʧȥã޷ʹá
ϪΪ᲻ڻþеʱļȻһ¡
Ϫͷվ󣺡
еǣ͵ЩԶһ㡣
šϪ˱ס֣һм䡣
Ѿ඼룬̨ϵŮҲͣ£תˡ
ˣϺһϪȻݡ
Ůӿʼ˵ÿ˶λ嵮һӰͬʱҲػηΪΡȥǧ겻ı䡣
Ȼͽ**аħͼΣ˷أ´ѽ١
⻰һ̨»ȻʥŮеǸͽȻѡ
ʱȴ׷Էʱ̨̣ʥŮѹ˵ŭ𣬼˵
аħ֣𣬴˷ֵΣ֮ʡ**١
ǰϪûǸͽ֣ҲΪ⡣Էȴģ
תͷᣬԷҡҡͷȻҲͬһӦǴ˷ơ
˲پڴˣ̨ˣԷĻѾ˵β
**ʥŮ֮ʹʹ֮Ѫء
ֳΣͬʱŲݿܵϡ
ԸԸ⣬վ￪ʼ޾ܾĻᡣ
̨꣬𾪡ԹػصĴУÿ˴ӳʼͱΪع˼룬û˾뷨ԣҲû˻ܾ
ؾˣõȳ˶ȻӦܸȳ˸Ļ
ʥŮԸء
뻮һ޻ڵľ쳹ء
ãʥŮοѪʵǲѡвסȡ
Ҳǵá
ѾкһевѪˣֻء
̨ϣʥŮ󷨣Ѫ
̨£ϪῴͻȻʧȥʶѪɣµĴС
ֻǼʱ䣬ڳĻ˾ֻʣϪˣ̨ϵλʥŮ
˵һ˲䱻ȫȡⳡ治ν̡
֮ʱ̨ϵ˺ȻϪˡ
Ϫ˵һ˫ʲô۾
Ŀ⽻ӵһ̣·ܸогʱ⣬µӡǡ
ԭѾôãˡ
Ůûͷû˵һ䣬Ϫڴһ⡣
ȻˣһԵɡٽʱ޶࣬ڼ
ȥһ̽֯һ
ϪһǿҵֱЩע㲻
ܵϪŪ壬ԼΪʲôǸ֮ˣˣҲֻ̹Ȼܡ
˼ʱ䣬ʥŮѾѪһ
ػָƽس뺣ףʥŮӰҲʧؼ䡣
þ˱бͳ
ϪոλʥŮܾӦúϤŶԡȲ˵Լĸо
Ϫ⣬ҲҲĸоʲôԨԴһ㡣
һ⣬˶ˡ
ϪתͷһþԪس
ҲûдָܡԪسҡͷƲӦ֮ˣŻһ־ʾ
˵ʾҲԷǵǾѡ
ԪسʱҲ뵽ʦ˵£ת˵þ֮һ֪ʮһλ⣬֮ǰʦңеĴбںϣ˽봫б
ϪΪǸбòˣû뵽֮ϲббֻܽһ𣿡
˭ģԪس죬ǣɵĴбظ롣ڲһʱʯ㣬ʱȿɴﵽ201
һЩԭһܽеֻʮλϪֻ⡣
ԪسʣҪȥ׼λ䣬뿪ڴ˵أ
λ仹мգϪῼǹ¿
þλʥŮĻºۼȷʵÿԼʵԪسϢ˶˼ܲϧ
áԪسͷһˡ
뿪ϪҲߵбǰ
̽ԵǴбһӴ˾ͱ˽ȥ
Ԫس˵ʱܺңһܿһ޴ʱ϶
ͬһʱѷ죬⴦ѿʮȶΧһ
һ£ЩһٶҪüҲˣ֧ʱ϶ڵġ
뿪սʱ˻ʯ⣬Ҳ˲ʯʱ֮
ϪȽȥϪʱѷ졣
Ϫͷá
ȥھʯŵʯԽ࣬еʱپԽ졣
ϪСбѾʮ棬ʱվʱ˼顣
ʱűģԸеԼٶȼӿ죬ԪӤڽ׵ԪӤڿҪʱ⣬ֻҪʮ֮һٷ֮һʱ䡣
ң̵ֻʱ䣬ʵ䲢ûκθı䡣
棬˵ϪûҲû
ȷʵΪӰ壬鱦С
ϪᵽôһҲԸ飬߲ݵ˺Щʱաʯľӵ񽫽ǻԸ뿪
ѩݼһʯ
⣬Ԫسһ泾Եٽپĥľ
㣬ڶ෽ӳ£Ϫʮ겻ٽһס
ɽڣϪ۷塣
ȻûϪףǵ̫ƽӾ
ŵذϢ
ŵأ
Ϫü΢£ۼ֤ŵ׹ػͻȻ
۶˱֪ѾҪͣҲ³ˣٽ١⡭
˶ٵӦҲõϢƺƫǸʲô֮ӡǣһȺ
䲻֪ϢǶ˽⡣ȴδϪݣǲ֪ǲš
Ϫеĳɲ죬̫ҲǣҲδֳǿӲ̬ȡ
ǰƺԤԣϪСʡ
ûҪţҲš
ΪΣ
̾˿̧ͷһͷգ޵һǶԵ𣿡
⻰ҲԣֲʦԤԾڴбڡ
б⣬ϪѾ
˼һˣڵص㲻ԣûмȥ
Ϫת⣺֪λǰ³
ºץʱ֮ڶһΪͶһЩԱ⣬㲻֮ˣݵ˼ҲѺáˡ
ϪҲһ㣬æӦǡ


96 

, ŵء
¹ĺʿûһȱϯϪϤݼ, ۹ޣĵķޣ㶼롣
Ϊ֮ӣҲС
ǣûиһԪڵ˴һ𣬸ûиκɴһ𣬶վߡ
˵Ϊĥ͸ϪֵȴǼ̬ȡı鿴Ǳǿ, ȫԸһԪںţҲӶ
˼ĪҲҹעǱߣ諵ĿĲʱԷϡ
Ȼ, վǵ͹諵ʵ
֮ǰ, Ϫ˵ݲ¶ǰ, ǰ˿ݲڶܵʿ, Ը̫ע⡣
˳Եĵҩƣϳǡ
ֻȺһɨͽ˶αװ, ϪûпĶԷͽץߡ
˵ˣʮλûӦ
һͻȻԾٶ, ˵һ˲ȫ۵Էϡ
ڳôɢɡʿûһ˲Ķ, ʵ˭ܲȻ
ȷԷĿǰ˲
Ϫȴ˲ô࣬ᱻץߣڼ꣺
鰴סϪɫӵؿ諣Ϊܹ졣֪ºιץҶܵӣĪǵҶܺ۸
ǰһ仰ǶϪ˵ģ諡
һָۣжȥαװЦܵӣôħڵˡ
ɫڣݲϤݵһ۾ϳݡ
ħʥŮ
԰ⲻħڵ𣿻Ůʲôʱ˶ܵӣ
ˣʮǰǡ

Ⱥеۣ諻˻ɫڵģòҶһŮ飬˳æˡ
⻰Ǹ˽Ҳǰᡣ
ƽ뿪ǶԷ˵˵ʱδԷ뿪ʱˡ
Ҫʲôֱ諵۾ܲ塣
諶̬ʮ⣺ᣬΪ˴¿ݣһֱغܺá
˵߿·ĺػŵأֻҲܿơϵѪѾѣȥɡ
ҲüʹûңŵҲһΪҪǿп
︡һ⣺ҵȲôáֻҪʣҽ̹㡣
ԹԷƢ֪Υ³Էʮץߣʵɲ⣬˿԰
ʽǿ᲻ҽӣŵسῪνôһ̡ңҲокҪĶõǶԤԼǰҲô
ã׵ġͷӦתͷŶܷǰ赣ģײẦңҺܿ
ƶ˵ʵȴڰϪ
˵̸δ˭ȻҲ֪Ҫȥء
ʵ֮ǰϪǾԤϡ
ǰƵѡһʱҲһһЩʧļ䡣
걻ץħں󣬶ԷûеһʱɱǽһңÿȡѪȡһѪûаӰ졣ԣû⣬տʼĻ̫
Ըʣһֻʵģÿ뷽跨ǸȡѪҺ˴
һʼԷǲţ䡣
ӶԷ׻ȴ֪⻹ģʱʱ͸¶һЩܡ
˿У֪ȡѪһѪ壬˴ŵصĽơ
ŵһڸһ岢ܵӰ졣
Ϊ壬ػ塣ŵرضľ£󣬾һأ֮ǿ뿪Ѱء
ˣô˾ۼڴˣ·һƬƽûһ춯
Ǩʱ˳ȥһû֮أܿҵط
ѪҺ򿪵һơ
Ѫ򿪷ӡŵصĵڶơ
Ѫһ۵ĽɫâӺ˷ֱâĺˮ͸棬ա
ͬʱС
죬ҡػΣˮӿ
ŵأ!
ܵźţ׷뺣ˮУֱ麣ס
ϪûпӰӦѾŵأҲԥâɢ֮ȥȫâУϪǰڡ
ۣͷԼһС
ЩȱĽУϪǰڻþм彨һ£ӦѾŵء
Ϫһ߲鿴Χһ߷ͬ
һԣͷˣڵܵˡ
ԡ
Ϫüľ£ǲܵãȫʧоĴڡֻЩûķϲŻ֡
̫Źˡ
ûʹ÷ô޷ٻڵϬռ䶼ʹá
˴ŵ⣬Ϫʱϱ
ָоʵ˲ϰߣڣƽʱҲע壬ʹʧȥҲԱ֮
֪˶Ρ
Ϫܿʵ
˵ؿһˣ뿪ܲˡ
ûϪֻԼ˫·ٶȼؼ廹еƣͼʱʱҪͣϢҪ취ʳ
Ψһ˵ûʲôޣһЩûпǵСлʳõҰ
Ϫǰ֪ŵأ»ΪԼ˷˽硣
ĹӣϪʣµļҶӰã·
Ǵׯ뿪Ϫһ˼գûˣҲûмׯԽԽ
ԼԼҴ˷
һԼ߹·ߣϪθıԼн·ߡ
һգûˡ
ڶգȻûˣһׯ
գϪڼһӰ˲Ǳˣᡣ
˵һ̣Ϫֻƣһɨա
òҵȻҲʮֻϲϲͬʱЩЦۡ
żûôͰԼģˣһ˵һԷϵҷ˿Ļôູ
ϪɰͰ͵·ۡ
ۻˣҲ˲˷ָ̧ϴһҲ𣿡
Ϫǲ죺𣿡
˵꣬һ
Ὺڽ͵ҵѹһֻ֣ܵһС֮֡ǰһȫӡʧһ㡣
Ϫͷȷʵ
Ϊλ
۰Σһ²⣺ΪڵѪԲܱһ
ϪҲۿԱȽϴ
벻ǣһԾ֪ˡ
ôԣ
ϪɵĴбǲҲıΪ˵ضŴбӦҲиӦŶԡ
һѣϪҲһδӴбʱǶ統ڱŵǰ㣬Զڡ
ۣŰ˵ȥܴбĴڡ
֮ǰԹٻڵϬʧܸաͬϪþȫȴþõòӦ
ԭΪҪʧͻȻоڵԼƿһ϶ϪһϲӦбϢ
иŬǵϳԣѿ
ѵɲǣϪֻһɣ֫ٺһȦƣ˲һɨա
ȻȫָҲϪľȻһ¡
£˲ˡ
諷ҪǰŵأҲ֪ʲô⡣ЩһʿʧȥҲ֪ܲܺúû
ԭϢһ󣬾ȥʮɵһԪڵˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˾һˡװ顣


97 
Ϫǰǵ, ⣬оȣôħ
װԭһ, ȻǰŮһ£ͷڸǣ¶ȴǲаԷϪ˼Ǹûһĵط
װϪĻǳһаЦ˵Ķԣȷʵ˽⼾
Ϫ졣
ǰûڼ߿ˣϪΪûԭǶַˡɼӱ֣˽֪֮, ǰ;ôĿŵ˻¡
ǿ͸˵뷨װ¶Գɫ
ȷʵ˵Ϫ᲻ţװ, Ҳ뵽
ǿ»֪, ɲáһԪڽءŽʬڹʬ, ķڵӡǺ, ȫһ顣Ƕһ֮ӵͷħһЩ, һ뽫ʬΡ
ȻάװȴûСϹ, ˴, ûӡŷΪԹ֡޼޶Էƭűֽܷ
ݺΪʧźֱһħ޼ȥĥﵽ塣ǿĺޱ߷ŭ֧֧ɱĥǸħޣ֧ӵҼ
װ赭д˵ԼľűԼ⣺
Ҳǲʲô֮ӣֻҪأʲôûȴԶ߶ܡȴȻúõվǰ㲻𣿶עǵжԵĹϵ㲻ɱҲҪɱ㡣Ŷˣһ˵ΪѾ˴ڡ
ǰĻ˻ܲ£Ͼװ飬뼾ĶԹҲֻڱѨԷ˵Ϣ͸¶ȥ׿ݣҲ
һ䣬Ϫ˾ˣ
ԭΪ˽ʱΪѾ죬û뵽ǻ졣
ϸһҲ֣ԷӸ͵ߵĶһô౦ΪҲѵǶԷȫûƿһԽ󾳽磬ľ˿䡣
ϸһװո˵Ļո˵Щħ֧֣
װ鿴һۣͷԡħΪء
ûټʣ諶Լ̬һֱ֣Ҳǿأһߣ͸һԼʧȥüֵԷҲڹע
ڼԷϪȷʵǸ⣬ǲ˳Ϊװ鱨Ĺߡ
ϪشǸųҴˡҪǲҲʲôϪҪ뼾죬ȻҲڡ
ʵӻԤԣٵԶӶܣ˶Щ¾һЩԤСδҲиҪȥΪһʱ䡣
˵Ϫ룺˵Ķԡ׵ѣҺͬҲ˶ѡԣΪѾˣ߻໤׵Ѽ뱨Ҳ˼Ȼ׵ǴؾУҶܶʱ֣Ҫ˼
ΪʲôϪû˵ڣֱʵΪʾһ顣
ô᣿ôʹװ첻ֹ
ҲֹϪʹһԸ㣬Ҳܡ׵֮ǰ˼ΪϡԾڴˣҺͰϪҪ죬뿪һء
ϧװ龭ԲŶһ䣬ֻϣԷȥҪóȻжװ׶
װֱ˼·˳ˡ
·ϣĵķޣûб¶ڰЩ߹ȥų
ʦȷʵ˲ٺ¡Ǽ˷һ·ɧ̲סЦ
Ҫ֪޴ºͣܰȺƽľͺģɼı¡
Ϫε˷ˡ
Щϧһպпսڱôһǲˡ
Ϫɫϲ˼ˣǿȥڰݷһ
ԺЦؿһۣˣЦѣĻˡ
ðɡϪ˵ʲô
˵˼仰˾;·˭֪û͸оԶһϢ߸
֪˭編ƣͬոһΣȶԷ뿪
ֻһˣԷһϤ֮Уίʵİ
ûϪȴϳˣ·ʦ塣
ϪõͬĻҲ
ѹϤնԷ磬ͻȻõûϳ
ԥҪҪʱԷͣ£ǲĵطɡ
ȻѾ֣ᶼʡˣֱӴӰ߳
òӰͻȻװ磬Ҳûϳῴ˵
·üҽ·ӡ
Ŀڣðɣ·ӫǰǻָˣ
·ͷһĨʹ֮ɫ̶лʥŮѡ
ϴλħڣ޵ʹԷǷ񻹼ǵõ֥֮²ûʱ棬ʶԷʲôдȫ֪¶Է˵Ȼ˵á
ҡͷǰؿҲ֮У֮¡
ָ֥·ʵ
ͷǡ
·˼ĿתϪϣ˵֥һͽܣ㡣
ʣȻѾع
Ϫȡ֥öҡ֥ʦȥǰңҽݵʦ塣
·Ӳӹһ漴ɫ䣬ǡоˡ֥ҡ
Ϫһɫ̴ţ㰲һԣƽ
·Թ˰Σʶ˵ػ˿ţѹ˼˵ԼĿģ
ҽֻΪ¡һҪǰ񵤵ĵȻҲ԰ǰݵһݸ㡣
˶кôϪûԥá
Э׵ĵ̵հϣԷ
ҲʱϪŷֶԷҲܶҲѪ
һ˵꣬·Ӽ˵ڶ»йء
ŵ븴һˣ㣬Ϊ׼һ
Ϫͬʱס
᣺ǰ⻰ʲô˼
ΪԼѾʧȥֵԭǡ
Ҳֻ֪ʧܣųɹôһƷ⣬ϵһѪҲԴԴҪˡ·Ӽ仰Ͱ諵ȫ³
Ϫкŭս֡
Σ諰ߴߣȴΪһˣϪﰵġ
ĬĬ̾˿һ񰲸һ߶·ӵã֪ˣлǰ֪
أҲǲ뿴ıóѡ·ҧֶһϢ֪Ǹ֮ǰأԶ㡣
áӦ
ʵϣ諵ı£ҪԶܶȥġ
㣬֪Ϫ֪·Ҳ֪ʱ˵Щһοˡ
·Ʋͷ˵ĻѾ˵ˣǺΪ֮
һߣ˲й⿿Ϫϣص٩
Ϫ˵ҵôôأ̯ôԼģҲ򲻹ҲӲ
Ϫƫͷķ۵ޣһᱣ㡣һᱣ㡣
췢̫࣬ҹûм·һɽϢ˳һ֮¡
Ǳ߻ûᣬʱȫȶԷڳ֮׼Ȼ·˵ӣôҲ򵥣취ȻҲвͨ
ʣµģŪ񻹱Ϊǲ֪Լʤж١⣬ԷȻҪأӦþҪĶ跨Ƕõ֣ǻٵҲһ취
˵ҹ˯£˯ǰϪﻹŴ¡諸Σ̫ǿ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣη壬ǿҵıǿͷ
ǿһ㣬ɽ١ˡ߸ǿһ㣬ܻסԼˡ
ҹϪֻһͷǿңʶеĵʯ
ںڰпǳۺϣγɺͻḶ́һһӤڣĽǳ֮ƣ֮
֪һ
Ϫۣ˯еˣֿ˿ɽ谵ɫ
оͷûɢȥϪϸͨξͨ
ڵϬսϸϸ򣬹Ȼһĵط
˳ƵҵԴͷͣʶڼĵʯ
𣿡Ϫһ䡣
ʯӦ
ĻӦУϪ֪ʯá
շһ
˵ʯΪֻҪ룬Կɿơ
ϪһʵԲеʯĽ
˰ǧܴɵ£һϾˣν˼ʡ

ȷĵ𣿡ʯȻʡ
Ȼǣ޼ĵȻᣬ˵ֶζѡ
ʯһ壬Ȼ֪뷨ԡ
òֵ֪ޱѡ֮ˣܳΪһʥˡ
ʥ˰ˣССԣ
ϪŲ뷨ֻʵ֪
ʯ
һĬԼϪ޾ȣʯͬٴν֮С
ΣʯĲǽļ޹
Ǽ˵ײ;ͬ顣
һˣ飬ʵȴǻΪ󰮡
ԭϪޱΨһѡһѹ滮õĵ·ʯ֪⣬ϪʱԷȻת
ˣŻһֱţΨһһγΪ뷨Ϫʶ̽뷨
ԣȥʮ㣬Ϫʵǻ
ճ֣һϪԸ̫ǿʯܵӰ죻ʱ޽
ʯһͨ´˿ϪһתҲκκ֢Ϫޱ𣬺ϸӵд֮ˣֲͬͬĵϸѡߡ
ʯϣġ
ϪԼΪ˵ڴĵһͶˡ
ϪӻþٹעĬĵʯĿؿ˯ա
øмʯղдͻƣҲ˶ѡ
ĿڳȣỺۣЩ΢ɫϪôˣ
Ϫҡҡͷֻضһᱣġκ˶ܶ䱦
ᱻĿ⼤ͷƤ΢΢飬˫΢У˼ΣЦϪôĲˡ
ָоǴ뿪ǶʱնԷı֡
֮Եɺϣʧȥ䣬ϪĸЩ
ڣȻϪϸϢԣ͵ˣô£ҹ㲻˯ȥסҲԣڲʲôʱҲô졣ô£
𼱡Ϫģæصǵʯ
ʯûãüɫ
Ϫһ߰һ˵龭㲻ʯҪҲ˵ˡ
ЦЦؿôתޣ
Ϫ¶
ã֪ˡֽͣɫϪûʯ˵Ķԣޱӵб˲ˣŴȻҪ˳еࡣ
Ϫؿһۣᶨ֪ʳеΣҲӱܡ
ĵĵΣϪĺס
áû˵ʲôҲǶ˽ˡ
ּ·
ǰûһȷн·ߣ·ٶȲ̫졣Ѿȥ諣һ·ضȥ
·֮ʱʱˡЩ˶죬ûֱһԪڵˡ
ʦ֡Ϫ˵֡
˹㶲ŵϪ
Ϫҡ
ôѩ˹֡
ΣգΪ㣬ڶˡϪش⣬ʵʦûʦһ𣿡
˹ʦȸȥǣڴ˼ʣµĵӡ
ʦͳ֪ǵλãǶ·˵֪
˹ֵؿ᣺²ǣͷʥŮû㣿
ᶥŶԷɵĿһ޹Ҳ֪
˵תͷϪüͷ˶ɴ£ͷƭôȥǣо̫ԡ
Ϫ֣ǿȥ
˹˵ĶԻҲӦԣǵ˼⣬ʦǿΣգ
ϪҡҡͷҲȷ
˹꿴ᡣ
æҲ֪ҿԸͷͷħѱɳʲôɥĲ£׼֮ࡣ
˹ͷֱȵȣҺһߡ
˵תͷһӹһЩ£͸Ͻк뿪
̬Ϫֱ˸·
Ϫ㾹ܶ˹졣
Ϫصһ
˹Ͳ׷ʡ
ٶȷɱȣǰʮ·̣˲̡Լգ˾͵Ǳߡ
ŵضѹƸأϪо֧ǰ䡣
ǰ治ܼˣǲСϪ
á
Ѿˣ߹ȥҲҪ˶á
Ϫĵص㣬ܿǵĳ¥һǡ֮ǰķׯĳ¥Ļá
ó¥Ϊ꣬һ·֮Уûþ͵Ǹǰ
꣬ûлˣſȻҲ˰ء
²˳٣׼ǣ˭֪ߵſڣ˹úһӳܳӭײϡ
ǸǸæһǸ
ϪϳˣԽ


98 
ǡԽҲ, 漴뿪Ҫ, ȥ˵
˲ԣȸ뿪˵ء
˵˵ɣô⣬Ϊʲôǣʵ
Խ˵뿪֮Ҿһֱ󡣺˵ڵ˶ҪȥʲôŵأǿҲĽðõ˹ŵ⣬ʵǰ, ֻһ𣬲޷ϡ
Լ˵ԭԽŻشڶ⣺Ҹո˵ǰС
飿ˣҲǣ
Խһش⣺ҽŵزþǰϳϵѪ֪Һʶ, һֱҡ, ǰȷʵǡֹǰ, ݵĴǰڳС
һ֪²򵥡
ֱ˵ص㡣
Խͷҳǰ˵, ֱͨģ, ŵ˷޲ĵΨһ취Ǵ򿪽أ֮ӽУѰµĻ, ޲Ľġ
ǰ仰΢˼Ϻ궼֪ȴһ֮, ֶŲá
˶ˣʡ
˶ܵļλǰ˶Դ˶Űɡ˵㣬ʾȴ˽ΣĹؼȷʵڽ֮СԡԽ¶ɫ
Ϫʵǰ˵
ԽæλǰҲ޳ɴ򿪽أѾͬļƻ
򿪽صķʲôϪʳؼ㡣
Խԥһ²ŵѪ֮
ѪϪü뵽Ǹʡ
ⲻķӡ˹궢Խʣȷ˶ͬ⣿
Խ׺ݵ񣬽͵һԪҲ˵ģ˵ֻҪ˶࣬ΣʧһЩѪΪ
˵Ŷ˶٣Ϫ᣺ʵѪ֮ҪɶʮλǰɣûѪô󣬸ṩá
΢һģǶڣǼٻȻͻ𴩡
ûм˵ʣأǰǣûнʲô
ûСԽҡͷǰֻ˵ҰЩ˵ˣ˵ʲôоϡ
᣺ʲô
ҳǰ˵һֵĻʣԽͰǾ仰˵˳˵ʥŮ׵ġ

˹겻ԣϪȴü
֪뵽ʲôȻɷס
ŵ棬͸оƺʲôŵغָоʧһظɸСʱϪû롣
֮ԽǣԽǲһֱ֮ϵ䣬ƺ⡣
֪Ǻ»ǻ£ԭҲóȻϪġ
ԽĻһ뵽¡
Ϫɫͻ䣬ôˣ
ڹ/ʥŮ㻹𣿡˹ԽҲǵؿ
ҡҡͷЦҵȷ
ɫܲϪ̫ͬ
û¡ץסֻ֣·һɡ
ô˵ϪΪͬ⣺ðɡ
ϪԶǵķһξ롣
ÿɳһξ룬ɫͲ԰һ֡أݲؿʼҲ亹
Ѿʮʹ࣬ǿӲشߴϪߣҪͣ
ѾܵһţʹϪ֮ͣҲá
̡~Ѿ˵˵ֳ
Ϫģ̵ޣȥ
˵겻ͷߡ
Ȼͷ֮岻ٲɫҲʼá
ȻصԭأѾվ
ϪԼ壬һֱ˵Ҳſˡ
ԽͿ˹겻֪˷ʲôȥһվͱˡ
Ϫڹû°ɣ˹ĵ
Ϫ侲£ʦַ¡
˹Ŀڶ֮޵شۣϪɫŲû¡Ϫƣ˵ԼҲʲʲôֻܰѻתƿ
ڹνˣ
Ϫᣬ˹ԽҲ˳Ŀ⿴Է
ɫȻ˵Ĵģ֣ԼͻȦס
ȥѾʮˡ
Լʹ֪Է⣬Ҳû취ܾ
ǾͽǰɡϪ
Ϫ
ϪҪ˵ĻֻΪ㡣ʯңȷʵڽءңֹ㣬ҲһΣУԼʹû£Ҳȥ
⻰ָоĶĪأָо͸ʱֵʯĸоһģһ
ЦЦɣΪҪ˵ʲô˵ҪȥҲв⡣Ȼ˵˵ǻǰ˵֮ˡ
˹Խ֮գһˡҪǣڡ
˹굽׹ʦãʲô㣿
ϪҡҡͷȻʵʦֽŵغ
һΡ˹֡
Ϫʣʦֵʱע⵽Ƿʹù
ûС˹ʮֿ϶
Ϫõ𰸺ֿԽͬ⡣
ûСԽϸһٴο϶ȷûϸоǸϵƺܳ㣬ʩȫơ
ôһ֮ӵͷõһŴ֡
諾Ȼܶ
ôܣ
ôܡ
·˵ϵѪԴ諡ԶԷı£δ⣬ѾȰˣǿѪˡ
ͨһֻǰ˲ҿ
СǻǾ̽һ
諵ĿȻᣬڳ⣬ϪԽ˹Ƚȥ˹ȥһԪ̽̽Խȥ飬ʣϪڰ
УٴȷȫʧȥʵҲȷԷϲûѪ
⣬˿Уǻ֪һ𾪵¡
Ϫ˼Ը˴Ѫӡûڴʵ
ħ㡮˽ķףôͬѪ֮
Ϫȷϣʦǰ˵ģûƭҵıҪ
Ҳ̫ŹˡȶԷʧȥŹ֣ỳɣô˽𣿶ҡ
Ϫһۣ뵽һȴвͬ⣺
˽б򿪽صɣȻ򿪽֮󣬲һҪԶ֡
룬˵Ĳ޵Ҳпܡˣ˵ٶ඼ãȽȥϾܿ諷ѪĻֻһΣ˾û´Ρ
áϪϴŴб㣬㷢ʲô⣬Ҳܻסˡ
׼ü̽Уʱ̨Ѿ׼׵վڼ̨֮ϣͷעͷɫ仯
ʱһԱߵļԸһ䣺ʼ
һ䣬ԭأóһʵذף֫ͺڸһӣʼѪ
ǿӿļѪ˲ӿ
ò˵諶Ա˺ݣԼݡ
ʧȥ˵뷲졣оڣǰӲû߹һˣһʧѪ࣬ķա
ҲӦѪΣ
ǲҪˣٲƾȲˡü鸴ԡ
ϪŶԷʧȥѪɫҲ֣Ϣͣˡ
ȻʹѾ˴˿̣ԱߵļԾһ޶Եģ
Ҳ̫ˡ
˶̨ϵˣ۾գһ¡
һֱǰһ̣ڶһ¡ϪķɢĿ⣬ȴоסһ㡣
ϴοǳЦһۣͺ˵Ҿ֪ǻġ
˻˰Сֹһ䡣
ԭԷǵ˷ʧֻһƺͶȻĲ
ȻϪ˲ûжʱ˼
諵ʽҲӽβ
̨ϣһ
ڴʱϪᣬ죬ʱ䲻ˡ
ѣҲ˲ԥǵ֮Сֻǰһڣȫʧȥʶ


99 ŵ
Ϫһ
ʱ, ߻һ߰СԷƤƵ·˵ԲСϵ׺żȸ, ͷ¹ǡ

Ϫִӵ
ŮҲ¶ϲ˰ôһ˯ϵ·ÿģһ㡭
ãʲôطϪòʵ
Ե֡СԴҽ¹࣬Ҽ㣬ԺҾŶ
߼
Ϫ¹á
ԣȻĸ¹һûнǣ¹, ǸﻹҪ죬ֹҼҵϷ
¹ҷڣ
ҲûдӦʲôϪͼ
ĹأһңҵĻȻ¹в, ҾͰ
, ϪͿһͻȻӶԷ, Ż˵, ʮֲۡ
ǸϪܾ¹ȴ߳ŭһ, Ǹˡ
¹ΪʵߣϪʵҲȫָԶԷ˵ҪˣвĻ, û̫ϣֱֺ, žԡ
ƺһ㣬ٶȼ죬ǶȻ졣Ϫĸϣ㲻һͽýʵʵ
Ϫ׽ס¹ܹؿߣͽԹ
ôһСӰˣϪҲ߳ܡԭأͼӶԷϢ
Ҳˣ£˵˵
¹״Ϊ㲻ټƽǰܾԼ£¡
ðɣԹ˺ܺõġҵū棬Ҹܶö֪ʲôҶ㡣
ϪȻûдӦҪֻһŪȥ
¹˼ƣȵ˵ɣ֪ʲô
˵𣿡Ϫ˵һ⡣
¹ֵȻ塣

Ϫ룬Լǽ˻þ
ã֪ôȥԶԶϪʡ
еԶɣء¹ҡͷʲôʲô°ɡ
üᣬ᲻¼񵽵ū飬ֺĻ죬в˰Σ
ûУᡣϪ״æͣʵΪˡ
¹עȻתƿˣ
Ϫͷ˾ٵĻԣˡҵǰȻʧ˲λãʾظҲðˣϣҵ
¹ͬؿҴطˣ㣬ûˡ
ϪĹؼˣﾭ𣿡
¹ͷǰͨʱѷ䵽ԵʥŮ涨˼ˣҪԷԼһūӦأҲΪṩݺʳ
¹أϪԾܾңҲ˰ȥȻû취ġȥǣҲҪ峤ˣŻšҰǴ峤Ŷһؼңҿ԰Ұ㡣
¹Ŀɾ˼ȫᡣ
Ļ͸¶Ϣ
һ˵شʱ϶ǽ˻þͨʱ϶˴δ֪
ڶˣҪǱõšҪһ㣬ͱһصˣ븽Ĵ䡣
֪¹еʥŮǷ֪ǸʥŮ
¹˵ûˡԼһ˲ټҪôǳ⣬Ҫôʱ϶ٲͬͬһʱ䵽Ǳ磬ԷܴѾ뿪һʱҲá
ҪЩϪ϶ܴȥĴһĴ¹ȷʵõѡ
ãҸȥ
¹˷̫ܵˣǿؼңһؼҾ͸˵
áϪȰϵ⿪
¹æϪſ
*
ȥ·ϣˡ
¹ĸÿ˴кҪĿĵȻҫԼ¼ū֮ȻõĽĿ⡣
С¹ȥԵּˣ˵Ĵͷϳһţǡ
ϹźЦݣĿ䵽¹Ϫϣ۵׻һ˿ޣ֡
ӴΪҲͣȻԸСӻؼң֣Ƣͦõġ
¹˲ͨ죬ݺݵصŶԷҲŲǿʵġ˵˵ĶԲԣ
֤Ŀ⿴Ϫ
ϪԹ˼Ȼ㵽òʱͣ¡
ɨһԵˣֿۿ΢΢¹࣬εͷԡ
Ȼˮԭڣ¹˵ıȷʵ¯ࡣ
Ѿ׿ڳϣʹţҲٶ˵ʲôɨ˵ĻϾСǿٹ־Ͳճˡ
ţǴһưļϣСû㰢㶪
¹ϸȥĺٶȸزģǱġ
˫һתӳֻصĴƣͦأһ
ǡţ壬Ȼȥˣᵣĵġ
Уȥɡ
¹ϽϪȺԼߣؼ죬±ץٲǰС
¹ļڴģľƵľС¥
¹ϪؼʱһƤ·ŮվС¥ǰɫǺܺá
¹Էһ˿Ҳɢȥֻʣ
ȥķˣ
¹һʶϴȻ뵽ʲôʧֻʣˣ
㣬㿴ҼūýܷɣǱҲһ㣬һָ̧Ͱץסˡ
ŮӵһۣȽݣҺλ̸䡣
㡭¹ĲԸڿԼҰǿѹõģ㡣㣬ҵū㲻뿪
ȥŮüһ˵¹๣Ųӣִ֪ԣֻһ䣬ģģȨȥ
¹䱣֤ŰĽݡ
Ϫһֱվһԣ˵ꡣ
λȸ˵ɡ
áϪԷС¥ǰʯԡ
һ£ŮӾԱŵҽ¹ѣ¹İ㣬ҲǱĴ峤
һ·ϪЩϼһЩ޵ǽǡǶ䡢βһ࣬һ۾ܿǰ
ǰ¹ȴͬԷϲа졣
·⣬Ϫվһٲ̫ͻ
Ϫ˵꣬˼̬ȹ¹峤ϪһЩ˵أʱǡܣ˵˴˵صĹأ˴
ǶԵְɣ¹ѵͷһҲ⣬ȻѾͬ˵ˣӦҲ֪ÿӶԵˣҪڴһꡣһͨˣʸ뿪Ǳ塣
Ϫףһȷһ飺¹峤ʳ˶Ե⣬طܳ𣿡
ûС¹ѿ϶˶ֻͨԵ֣ԵָֻǱһӡôǺͬһģ
ҵ£ǵʱһͣ˫˫ʧȥʶڶԵ֣ȴҵ¡Ҳ˵ңûˣûпܴ͵طոմ峤˵Ĵ䡭
ȻϪϣδ𣬾ͱ¹ѴƣŹҪʧˣȻ䣬ÿ֮ƽնụͨޣҲδյκϢԡ
ˡϪͷûҪϢЩʧҲھ
ʰһԼϪ´񣺡л¹峤֪Щ»и֮룬鷳峤
¹һ¾Ͳ³ҪҰˣ
ϪԴǿУǡ֪Ҫ̫Ϊ¹峤ʵڵҵ£һл񣬻롭
鷳 㲻ôǰ˵ʵ⣬ڿϪóĶ󣬾ЩˣּӲͷƤ˵ġ
ʷģö٣ǱƫԶСӣöҲࡣ
Ϫó߼鵤ҲֻڴУСӣ弶ˡ
ϪԷ۾ճƿϣֻи˵ķݡ¹ѵƾܣǿưѵҩԷ
鷳¹峤¹峤Ҫΰġ޴ţ»Ҫ¹峤߶һ󣬾͵ǽ𡣡
¹סջԾɲԸܣôһǰܴˣӦøṩס
Ϫ޷ֻ˵ԼһĿģʵ»һ鷳¹峤
ʲô¹දƾܵĶͣͣ
ȥǡϪ
¹˼ˣҪţ²ѣֻҪһɹͨˣҿԸ졣
Ϫ̬ɶæѵҩǰơ
¹ѹȻûоܾ
Ϫģʵ¹峤˵𿼺ˣ֪ʲôҪЩʲô׼
¹ЦЦã㰲ס£ʱȻ֪˵Ҳܼ򵥣ǰ׼ʲô
Է˵ˣϪҲʡ̸ףϪҲڶԷס¡
Ϫÿյ඼¹һ棬ǽһ㽣
棬¹ԾСɣϲϪһţԻʵսʵ򲻹һˣĵط
Ҳž¹һţϪŷִ˵ֲüá˵弶ֲ洦ɼ߼ֲҲѰ
ЩֲڴΨһһʦȻֻһӲݡ
ϪиʿЩ˵ĻѪӿҪЩʦˡ
ƹƣϪ¿ЩӲɵҩȥʯӲݡ
һϪõ굤еļζֲ
֮Ϫͬĵʦһ
ܹͨȻڵҲжλʦһľѪڶԲҩĴһ⡣
ԼԷֻļʦַ͵ĲͬϪҲл治ǳ
ȻϪóЩԺķҲʹԷ۽Ϊ
֮ʱ˿˵̸
Ϫһָ¹һֵ̽еعһӺϢûȵ¹ȴһϢ
ʥŮҪѡ߲ݣɲ롣
¹˵꣬¹Ȼʣݵ˼ǣҲԲμ𣿡
¹ԿϪһ۵ԡңʥŮ˵˴ѡ⣬ʶЩδһ֮ڵǰˡԣϪϲ㣬ǰ뿪ˡ
˼Ŀͨˡ
̫ˣ¹໶һ۰Ͱ͵ؿϪʦҲһȥμѡɣ
ǡϪԥ
ʦʦĸ𣿡¹µ˼ʦѾôãʦĸûг֣˵͵طû֡ʦĸҲʥŮѡôĶʦĸ֪ˣҲȥʦȥһʦĸˣǺܿϧ㵽ʱҲʦĸʦܻ𣿡
¹ƽԶߣᵹ
ò˵⻰˵ļеҲʥŮѡôʢᣬһܺõĻᡣ
ңʢᣬֻܵһ뿪ʱϪ˵̫һЩ
ϸǹϪ˾ϣãҸһȥ
̫ˣ¹ԼԼҰͷһס
¹һؽ߿ǸӰܣϪҾ֪ס㡣Ҳã룬˵Ǵ廹ѡһʱӶմ⡣
Ϫû˵ʲô¹Ȳˣʲô˼ѵ㲻ѡϣʦȻҲ
¹ѷӦƽƽŶ
ϪЦԽܣ˼𽥷Զ
ϣԼľǶԵģ


100 
ѡδֱʽһͨ, ˼ǱΪսһ, 󷨷ĵȵȡ
Ȼ츳ߣҲѡ߶
Ϫֻ㱨һ֣ǱֻһʦԿף˵Ȱ˵ֱ˵ʦѡΡ
󣬰Ϫ¹࣬Ǳһѡʮˣ¹Ѵһǰǡ
Сӿ, Ÿˣ˼콣ͨˣƸһ֡
¹ͨһѡΣţ⻰Ҳ, мĺ, Ƿ˸
ҿǼ, ǣֻȭͷҰˡ
¹ŭͷ, ˭󵨣ͼƵض
㰢ҲǡֻȭͷҰˡ¹ƤЦⲻЦ
¹ʱˣ㵽Ϫ󲻸ٷ
¹Ҳû׷Ųŵ˼, ״תϪľо˵
ǱƲ㣬侺ѡǲͬ, ʥŮƺܵˣ˻ܴ, úŬ¹ѶԶ˼
ľоҲǱλʦæ峤ģľоһ߾ȫΪǱȡ
ľо˵ֿ꣬Ϫڴ
ʦ϶еġ¹мġ
ľоҲͷͣҲãҺˣߵļʸ󡣡
ϪĪһ޴ĵӣѹͻ
ÿһ˶ʥŮżĳݺ֮顣˵ΪʥŮĻܼԷһ棬ǶԶĪ
ϪΪһˣȻǵָ顣ڴĿ⣬Ҳʱˮ
һᾡϪε
ҲҪǿʲôһ㡣
¹ѻοҲ̫ƴѡҲûʲô
⻰ֹ˵ϪԼҲġ
ܿһѡοʼ
ľо࣬ҲǷֿС
¹౨ʱ˽ƸȥμӵһֵĻսֱӽһ֡
ϪԭҲԲμӵһֵĻսһ˵ˮƽȻѡϳ
һѡι£
ǩʮһ飬涨ʱھһʤߣʱ䣬̨վųһˣһ̭
ʱÿﶼõԼǩšϪǾʮĺţͬĻһǱ_һ
һʼֽһֻ̨ʣ
ϪὣѾõʸӮܽһ֡
ԥǷҪʱԷ˾
ŵʦҿ㡣Է˵겻ϪӦ̨
Ϫ
ʡȥˡ
Ϫ֮Ҳ½½̨һֵǿһ롣
̭ļʵģֻãϵĶҪôʵҪôš
ˣϪĽǶûлʤܡκ⼸˰¹ѵĻǵúܺã򲻹䣬ƴ
̬ȣҲѹǻϣԼһϡ
Ϫ˼ʧȥȤ
ڴʱ࿿ܣʮʣʽӽޡ
ˣϪ֮ǰ¹Ż岻ǿʱ˶ӡʹֻǿЦ⣬Ҳ㹻ġ
ҲˣŻǰƴ֤Լ
ѡΣϪѧ˼սƸѡһ㣬㹻üˡ
ĺҲ͵Ϊֹ
ڶֵѡηʽʮֹŹ֣ǻսҲ˫˶ԾǶһʯͷ빥
ˣҪܽʯͷƣ򣬱ֱ̭
Ҫϰʹñ˵ֱѡ
ֱŮŸʼһƬ˷İ
ÿ֪Ǵʯͷ̭ˡ
Ϫ˵ĲҽУضǰŮͷϵԲʯһ
Ϫ˿Ůǰ顣
ϸ񣬽һ֡
ԷϪŷ
¹ࡣϪһ㽣Уֻ˵һƫϣ̶̼»޳ʹȫҲֻʯһϸۣ޷Ϣ
Ůǰ鿴̭һ
¹ʧشͷ
¹ѿһ̧ۣԴ࣬û˵
¹֮ļǱˣҲ̭ʩ̫󣬵ʯѡ
¹
峤֮λӷչĺܺãȻǿʲô֣ʵʵı¡
ǰļˣֻ֪ȴ
¹ȴշĵҿƵغܺãͨ˱ԡ
ѹ֮е¹ϸ֣Ҳ˲ˣæ嵽¹ߣһݵؿ㣬
¹һۣһΪֻʦأһȣҿ
¹գգ۾֪ƺϪʦԺȷʵ˰㡣
æϴ㣬ҴˡʦҲԶˡ
ڽܶᵽϪȻ⣬ֻصŵʦˡ
ʦҲΪ֡
һǳɹƳһ¯ҩƷҪ
ʮ˸ڽŶը¯ģṷ̂
ڶԾƵҩһ޲
λҪƵṩһŲȱλҪȫȫõĵǰŮŮΪλȡҪҩġע⣬˻ֻܶɣΥߣ̭
Ů˵û飬óСһͭӣڣʼޣʱ
ĵȻţҲû֪ܿк˼µдԶԶ˦¡
ʣЩõģ޲Ľʣͷ˼ʲôֲ޲
ΨϪʲôû룬ֻǶϵĲȱ
Ȼǿղ֪βȫ΢ͬʱһ˿޵ڴ
Ŀ˷ʽò롣
ϪҲһĵ֮ȴЩ졣
Ϫżζֲѡֲ档
ǡһζݣ屻Ұݣ뵽
ɵǣϪǡ۹䡣
ԣ뵽
ܽȻһ˿ϣͲŹ
Ϫ˼ֽдµ󽻸ŮȶԷù
϶ϪˣдǸѾڿʼƵҩʣµֻС˼˻ץ
עһľоԷӦ˼·黹ɡ
ϪջĿ⣬˰Ҫֲûʼ
ֲҩҺڵ
вģϪ𣬺ܿɡ
ҩսƿϽʱŷԼȻǵһģʱʼŹһʱ
ȱһʱϪȥ¹ǡ
ʱȻһĿ䵽Լϡ
ϪתͷǵߵķȴֻһӰƮֳһӰڻþгֵλʥŮ
Ϫüľ졣
ԷΪλע
ѡϸҲǴ͸ŹŹ֡
˵ĵжԽӣԼڶֿ˷ʽ
濴ûʲôԣ󻻳ôЩġ
λʥŮʶԷͨ㵽֣Ҳϸ¡ǡ
˸
Ϫȣеϣѡ
һʱ󣬽Ϫͨ⣬ľоҲ˳ͨԡ
ıԵͽһֱ԰бԽһСʱʥŮҲ֡
ıȴе֣ԷʽǳǩԾ
ǰıѾռ̫ʱ䣬ֱԵڶղŻῪʼ
ؿջϢһҹ󣬵ڶһص㡣
Ϫس鵽ǩһٶʮߺţ¹ʮš
ʮ̨ͬʱУֵܿ¹ϳ
սһߣ̬࣬ؼ¹վһԵøλС
˫޴βδ¹ѸоˣֹסЦ
ΪԷʵ׳ͷȴһԲԲĶ䣬ܿɫڶɰİΪ
һЦģ֪һЦǶ޶ģʱŭˡ
ȣȳһȭ
˻ȱĿɰ
¹ɶһϡԷһǰѸסΣֻػ
䳤һԿŲô޶ʵȴʵʵ
¹һһᣬúòʡ
ƾУ˭ҲռϷ磬д죬ջ¹ѼʤһץסὫ̨Ӯ±
ֵ֮ãֵϪϳ
ĶǸʮӣԷ¹һǴ壬ټķޡ
ʵһޣƣϧһϪ
ϪûԷʩչĻᣬһϪὣ
ƸͱȴʩΪ˶ܣòʱһСϪһ£ͬʱԼѸ
߹ĵطһѸٷѿ̼䳤ɲϵ֦צϪͼ̨
ͬʱЩïܵҲӵȥ
Ϫٻӽһýն׷һѰ˵Ӱ
ֲʩչϪƫԸ
ľ֮ľĳҲȱ㡣
ǴϪҵľ֮Ũһ㣬Ϊֱ͸ǰ޵ת˲ǰ
ӦͱϪýס˲
ԷƺϪᶯ˶󣬾𶯣ˡ
лƤѪҺ
Լٷѱηֿ䡣
ϪȽкջϬˮϴɾֱ̨ԡ
ֱһˡһֶԾϪս¹ֹڵԣδܽյһ֮С
бӵһʮ˻ýʸ
˽գϪľо˼ϣڵһλŮ֮С
ŷأ֮ҲֻȻΣڲûʲô֮Ķ
Ůָʾͣڴ룬ǰһԲ̨ʥŮԲ̨ϡ
λʿӭ
æסĵļ񣺡ʥŮ
̨ϼ״һЦܹ񣬶˫ƺ£дʣֻһů塣
ϪҲоǹůڽ󣬻ȻһɣӦöкô
̨ЩżȹϲλͨͨǰĿˡҪһˡ
ڣׯ£ʹкһʲôҲ˸ҷʣֻȶԷ
״¶⣬˵Ŀݡ
ڣλһһǰеһѪʾͨ֮ʧܣʧŮ뿪ɶˣ
ǣˡص
ԱߵŮͷʾ⿼˿ʼ
֮˰ռλһһߵǰ档
һһȻҲʧܵˣ㱻еŮȥ
Ϫһǰλá
ֵʱһ㣬ߵǰذ׻ָѪҺ뻯衣
֪ʲôãҲ֪ԼѪ֤ܲͨ
ибⶫйصϸλáԷһϪǰ׼
ԼѪ뻯ûзӦб֮ǻȻ
Ա߱ѴʧܵŮ仯㶣ϸĿڡ
Ϫͨ
ϪĿбӣߵԱվá
ܸоԼղʹôбʱʥŮˣƺ׵¡֪ΪΣԷûвĬΪ
ĪǣΪԵʡ
ˣ͸ڴ˿ˡ
ңһ̱ͼ򵥣ٶҲûã˶濼ˣһһʮˡ
һʧܵ뿪ʥŮȻڣԵڶУҿڵ֦֦ݣ˿
˵֦֦ݣǸǰݡ
ϪǰһʥŮȷʵڵ˵ʹù֦֦ݡ
㡣뿴һۣȷݣȽš
վԱߵһŮæǣʥŮ
Ϫв²⣬ȻҲܾæڶԷ뿪


101 ŵ
ʲô֣λ, Ŀӡ
Ϫ
ϪǸ֡ͷ, ȻѵϪ㲻˰ɣոʲôʵ
Ϫûη壬ֵֻض룬ƺϿһʲô
ıҲ֣Ȼ˵Ļȴ˿ŭ⡣
ϪζüΣҳúÿ𣿡
Ϫͷÿ
Ṵ, ߵǰʳָϪ°ͣ
ȻˣɶҶˣ
ˡϪ񱻹ƻһ㣬û˿ԥ
Ǹʵˡָƣؿ, , ô˵ѾеأĪ˵ĺ, ҪǸ£
Ϫһģ, ¶εı飺ˡ
ƲƲ죬ֵصһۣð, ԭϳˣЦǲǣ
һۺɱϪﲻ֪Էû, ǺûУ֮ǰȷ, ոҵҲȷġ
һҲԣˣϪôܸ˵顣뵽˲
£Һúÿ㡣
ֿôʱ䣬֪˴ϢﶼܣȻҪһᡣ
Ϫ£ɶԷϡ
˵ʵᶥŵİףϪЩϰߡ
ŶԷʵôģʥŮ
ֹˣĺҲˡ
ῴ룬Լɻ
ݡʱͽôҲ֪
塣
Ϫأ֪ںδ
ҡͷ֪ԹӦȫо
ôϪü
ҪôѾ٣Ҫôķӡˡ
һ֣˵Ǻ¡һֻãǰһ֡
ϪȻ뵽ܸоԭںδ
ûС
ûУϪ졣
ԣȷʵûСҲ֣֮ǰѾˣֻʣһ߿տǡ
ĻǾͲǶᣬҲȾ
ϪԷģ漴֣ԣĻЩ쳣
ҲҪ˵ģƺ֪¡󣬷ʮϡЩƺΪٹԼ˵ʧˣҲﲻԡ
һط˯ֻ٣պָع塣
ַԼƳԵٽپֻǽþУǰľֻת
ҲˣŻᡣ
Լתң꣬ѾȫʧҲһ˿
ὫϪ
ʱøӸӡ
ϪǰڶԵ¹ңͨʱѷ䵽ԭ²ǿǴԽʮǰˣѻδӦûúûŲŶԡôǰƲӦôˡ
ᷴµûȷʵʮǰ壬ʲôþѾ֤
롭Ϫ벻ͨ
ҡͷҲûףмҪ㣬Ҽˡ
諣𣿡ۿԷġ
ֻǾأɲһʱҲڸ̨ϣҲһ
ҲûֿܣԭͲŶԷǰɡ
Ϫϸ˵һ˵
һԼȫ³׼ȷ˵˽諣ֻ񣬵ҵĸоһģһؼǣԷڵһĸͬĸ硣
ֻ˹ϵƺ㲻̫ãڣҲֻһ档
еȻẦ¶ڶرܵԭ򣬸ǶԷմԼԼš
Ƚ˵ƺΪ˱һĸͬȴͱѡΪʥŮʴӱλܱȲãʱվֱԼ磬һֱϣ͸֮ìܡ
Ϫ˵꣬һߣȻ뵽ɻǵãǰ˵ĽΪһͽ
ǵáҲ뵽ˣڴбеĻþʱλʥŮҲ˵ʱûԷ֡
ԡϪ϶ͷ˵ԼƲ⣬Ǹ諡
ԷĹô࣬ȻĿģңǰ·Ҳѹˡ
㻹ǲǵ·ʦ˵Ļ帴һˡ
ͷ˼Щȣ˵븴롣
ϪΪԼ˽ģ壬Ѫ᲻ںޣ᲻ȣ
ᣬԻᡣ϶Ƚ˵ö˲ͣó֮ĸֻڡôħԸֺ϶Ӳܡ
˵Ŷ˶٣ȻѾʮꡣ
ʣΪһ翵ϣʮĹ¶Ҳѵá
ϪʲôᣬҲ
п󣬶Թ
㿴Ǹ諣пܾǱϪؼ
Ҳ㣺ҵһȥҵĸˣ
Һһ𡣡ϪҪ
Ȼһ۵ԺҵˡŻúź򣬲Ȼҿɾͻˡ
ϪԲң㻹뻻˭
˻һûˣһ֣ôң
ϪϴоʧǸΣԲ𡣡
ˡ˼ƽϡ
ֺú˵˻Ự˻һˡ
ϪڶԵʱ
Ϫҡͷ
βμѡҲû֣ңüҷ˽˵ǼҲû
ͺԷûһ
㲻ܣ˻һ
ǵȥ諡˼ʵһֱףΪʲô㿴ؼ
˺ܿ͵õ˴𰸡
Ϊ㻹ҪٹЩʱղŻҡû˿⣬ֻĿӹϪʱɫ΢΢֣ȻǡҲãҲã
˵Ų֪뵽ʲôȻЦ
Ϫ״ֻһͷˮ
ԷҲǵһμϪҲûĴ㲻
˺Ϫæźۼض˶ŲϪǰüʵЦʲô
諼飬ڰģҲ˺Ͼ֮أ
ἫΪʣ˵ʲôǲһֱ˵֮𣿡
Цǣһ˲ٿصĿܰˡ
Ȼй
ϪһۣûʵԹȻѼˣ
̹Ȼϡ
üظʲô
ûлش𣬶ǵ·ҹ㡣ƾĴӦòµġ
϶
ỹʣȴ᣺ȥɣʱ䵽һԻ
˵ҪͿͣϣ˲ֹȥϪԿæϡ
ս½٣֣Ѿǿƽ֡Ҳ˶ѣֵúҲܡ
˫򶷵Ķ̫󣬺ܿˡ
þγ֣Ҳ֡ȴ˲ɵõ
ʥŮ諣ǿͣ¡£ֵ󶯸ɸꣿһ˼زУֲóȻ룬Ψ̬ء
Ƚ飬λ峤ϡ
諣ס֣һλ׷ͯյŮӳִ˵ս֪ʥŮվݶʥŮ֣·ϣ֪

ԷƫܵΪϪȻּɡ
ȴǳǣؿϿɾҪλˡ
ʥŮҲᡣ
᲻мѣͷȶ֡ɡ
Ļйǣվû˵
ʥŮ㡭⣬ƺţκ̾ˣٹ˴ξͷȥ̷̨һ£´Ρ
ⲻǽ㣬ʱ䵢󣺡ϣҡ
ԡѶ˵
뿪᣺ʥŮ
˵ҲΪѣʥŮһΪʣǵһη
諵˼˽ֻ֪һǶԷʲôŭʥŮżʥŮ֡ƫƫʥŮάֳԸ˵ࡣ
֪룬Ȼ˻ˣû뵽Ե
ϧֻܺϪʹ˸ɫظ뿪
ֻ̨ʥŮֻܽ͵ɽž뿪
·ԭԼ߹飬Ѿ¼䡣ʹûӡ֪Ųĸ
ɽ㿴һʯԲ̨ɽۡ
طڴб֮һģһ
ԭ̨
ָܵߴǰ
ŲԲ̨һɲǣһ󣬷·һ
˿̣·Ը֪֪ƽ͵ת֪
Ŀ棬͵ؿߡ
Ϊʲô棬оһϤϢ
Ҳʣѹ
ĵһ¾뿪̨
ո̫ΣˣҲ˵ﻻоӣų⡭ܸոѾ֤ڿԭȷʵʮϣҲûס
ȻҪǣָо̫Źˣ·ʲôѡ
ỹԼű˵塣Ȼ˵ԷѾˣأֵֹ㿴諾֪ܱ֤ǲǶԷʹĹƣϾԷһֱ塣
ڴˣ̨棬ҲûȥһΡ
ҹɽ¶أС
±ߣ˼ҪҪ͵͵ɽҲ֪֮ϪǸľԴˡ
뵽ˣºȻһ죬ǽлʯ
⣬
ǡ
̽ͷȥɵغһϪ𣿡
Хβһش𣺡ҡ
ţһһϤӰǰ
ϽֽŶԷ촽β³һ䣺ôˣ
ϪϬ͵ɽ˰أûˣ󷨣
ôͽˣĵؿһʱ֪˵ʲô
Ϫ淴ûͽ֣н
ǡǡָصصһĶͷ˵㶼˵˲һȿˣˤȥô죿
ϪҷֻǶ۾ǣҵ㡣
᣺
ٶƢҲûˡ
ͻ˵ġ
һһ߼Ϫûˣŷġ
˵˵֮ôˣ
£ϪҲɫֱӻ˼ңûҴÿ¶һˣ´γžպ󣬵ʱҸơ
á뷨Ļܿͻᷢ㡣뿪ҿ
ϪǹӦҲСƣ˿»ˡ
ѣ˵ḽ˵ƽⷽ
Ϫ񻹵һͷȻָ˹񱻷ؽգҲ
ҲԵ޹ʧҹҲͰˣջǵóȥ¶һ¶档
ʶֻɽϴ
ɽᵣİȫԭ·أļָС·


102 ŵ
Ϫ, ڵȵ뿪ҡ
ʱڱ뿪ңԼһƧ֮޽˾طƫƧ, ϰ߶˽ʵԸƽ˵
ҲǴ򶷵Ķ̫󣬲ŻὫ
չȥ˶諵Ĺעָܻƽ
ϪȷԶûڣŴӰ
ó뷿ҵմȾϢԼеĴб, ʹطαװϢȻ˳ͨ󷨡
諵ӽü򵥣һĴƽ䣬һ۾ͷ
򵥣Ϫһ̤ȥͽĳС
ֻһʿݡҡ
ס˵ĵط, һ䡣
ϰɢҵĹż, и, ϪҲ½ŵĵط, ó˲ôʰ
ĵطȻܲ, ѵڱ𴦣
Ϫ뵽諳ŵƵʣǼпܡ뿪Ҳ취, 翴ʲô
ȶ¼űߵһżһ, صĶһЩƫط
ϪСĵؽָԭλڶ
һȥϪȻһЩм˱ǡ
ᵽġ磬ʶĲࡣ
⣬һЩ˱ǡ
Уһᵽתʱգһʱڵ㣬ͨʩչطصȥ
ԣŵƭʩչѪ֮Ϊ˴أתʱ֮
ֻΪʧһѪⲻ֪ʵǵ
ôˣΪ諵һ֮ʧ
ϪսȭҲ֪뿪ˡ
ǿѹзŭȥ
˻صȥЩѾȴ޷ġ
ͱ룬ѪΪۣ˽ֻء
עδȥڣ֮䡣
ԣʹǴԽ˽ѷʱǰҲҲֻʣһǡ
ҲΪʲô֪ԭ˵Ĵڡ
룬ʮǰʧؼ䡣
ϪԺкȻֳһӰǸڻþгֹʥŮ룬ȷʵһŮ
뵽ԷһۣϪĺȻһʹ
΢΢üѹĪһ顣
ⱾڵϵĲԲͬúõطڹϡ
Ϫݣ֪ԭˡ
Ǽ˸ת֮ȴ˵ûɢؾۡ
ؾ۵ķʵʺ룬ؾ۵ǰɢѵƬ䡣ĻᶼûУֱ˳һֱ̣Ϊһ塣
Ϫ֪諲ܲףִŵĲ߻һС
ΪһûϣĿ
˵ı
ϪѰʱȻյѡ諻ˡ
ⲻԾ
諵ϰߣҪ죬ôǰңʹõطӦҲᾪԷŶԡ
Ϫ룬ûв֮뿪
Ȼվһ
Ÿյſڣͱס
ϪһϬѾС
ؿ諣ʱ׼ӦԶԷѡ
˭ȴûж֣Ԥϵı˵ҵܾˣȥ˵ɡ
˵꣬諱Թ˵ؽڳһյأģƺƶϪһ
ʵ֤뵽ûϪȷʵ˽ŲпЩݣŲİΣ
諼״ϸ𵭵Ц⡣
ͷϵ飬Ϫķ˻Σ𣿡
Ϫڳ֮ԥƬ̣ѡߣš
ӣһˡ˦ְӸϪȻˣͿɡ
Ϫֽ̧ӹȻ÷ʮ㡣
諵ķӦѾˣԷ㵽ԼԼƻһУϹЩݣȫǶԷ֪ġ
Ȼʹ֪ЩǻᰴնԷ趨·ȥ
Ϫ飬ղûпĲ֣һҳСע
䡣
ϪɫǼֱҳСֿ꣬ǻеķŭҲȼյ㡣
ݺڵϣˣʹļһˣҲ˸
ʰϵ飬ʮƽ֪
Ϫ㶣ѵԼ⡣Ȼһ̣㻳ơ
ԭڣҷԼˡ
˵ɫºͬڱļ⣬ºⷢɢһ۾ܿĺ顣
ԭһãͼٻֲ塣㣬Ҳף˵ǶԵģȷʵѾˡʥŮȻӰ֮ˡ
⻰˵Ĳ岻Ϫת˰β˼
˵˶תΪһˡ
諵˼ûϴˡ
Ҳ˵룬
ǣôܣͲת
Ϫף諺Ȼ׳һ⣺֪Լ𣿡
ҵϪɻ
һʧȥ˵Ĺ¶ǡñʦ񵽣һԪڡټ򵥲ʲô
諲룬ѾԹ˵˵ȥޱ𣬻еʯ֪࣬ǡ
ϪȻޱҲͰˣɵʯĴڶԷҲܿҲԣ֮ǰ諼ҲûֳĹע
һΣǰʱ諿ȷʵЩʱ̫࣬ҲͰ¸ˡ
ԣǴμ棬ԷŻƽչЩ顣
ЩϪ˾ϡ
ֱӵҲ˼ͬ˵ô࣬Ұæ
ϲˣҲϲϪֱӣǰæǺ
ɡϪ
ᣬɹ𣿡еطģ첻㣬ʹҲʲôҲǧꡣ
ǧ꣬ǶһʿǶ˵㳤ʲô
Ϫ侲©ҴӦ㣬һˡ
ô᣿Ӧˣҿ԰ֻǶһμ䡣
Ƕһμ䣬ǱһˣϪôȷľ룬᣿
Ȼǰ롣
Ϫʣд𰸣ʮš
ҪϪæ˵ֱ̫ףᣬͬһˣܽζһģʲôüƽϵأ
˵ĺȻˣֺαطҪǸʲôء
ϪûŹҲͬ⡣
̸ˡ
㲻ͬҲ޼¡ƽ۵ҳ㿴ˣӦ֪ȥ޷ı䡣£ѽ٣ʥŮɻѪ·ֹˣҲֹˡ
Ϫɫһ˵Ĳȶ޷ģռ壬ʱ
諷ѾĻôãҪľĽǲ֪Էʲô취ƽ֡
˸˼ע̸ȥ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ûٶ˵ζԷ뿪Լͨ
һڣϪ͵͵ɽȥȫᡣ
û˵Լ諵£ҲûҪĻֻ˵תʱյƣԼЩԨԴ
ǰһȲᣬһ
˵Ǹ뻹йϵòţһ룬ֲôȷˡ
ϪȻתǸʯԲ̨˼ģĵ뵽ʲô
ҡҡͷջĿ⿴Ϫû¡Ϫǲǻû˵
ûСϪ˵ն
ش̫ˣҿҵ۾ѡһۿ
ϪĬ
Լ£йأ룬졭ǲǼˣ˵ЩʲôӦǸҵء
Ϫ촽
Ϳ֪Լ¶ˣв㣬ҪʲôϪҡ
һ¾Ͳ̬࣬ȻǿӲϪԼȥվʵ˵ˡ
šĩˣϪѵ
ᵱȻ֪Ҳ֪ϪǵԼ룬ҲԼ˵
ϪʵҶ̨иӦ
Ϫʲô˼
ٶȿǰ̨֮ǰһ̨ʱҾ͸оʲôҪѡҾã˵ļ䡣
ңΪƫƫ̨ϪϪ֪٣
ЩֶΣ˵諣ʮѪϡǶСοЩϡ
諶ûݣЩȴһʼͷϵ
ϪҲ뵽һ㣺ãą̊́
ƶһᡣԣºֽٽ٣ǲҪһûôʥŮ˵ԸԸ⣬Ҷָ䡣󼸸
Ϫգۣ˲˼˵
һӿɽ̵񣺡ƿң֪һ
˵ץסϪָ֣⣺ϪңǿԵġ
Ϫ˼ãشӦá
һ·ǾļպֹһΡÿһζ˶ܷ׻ΪǱ˴֮Ρ
һҲøԷΡң𣬻еʯС
ϪĻʲôʵʯʲôֵöԷеģ
ȳһҴˡ
Щʱ䣬Ϫ˵˼䣬Էһ
áҲ֪񴦾ΣһͶһֱϣҲϻ˵һߡ
Ϫӵҵе
ʱһЩ䣬ΪǷݼǹ
оеΡ
еʯõⶫ󣬾һֱֵĺء֮ǰŵأԷͻȻѣ˵ЩǶǵĻ
ϪŪס
ϪѾһЩɣÿ׾ͻһЩļ䡣ʯ˵Ҳܰס
ϪҪһ㣬ٶȴﵽĿġ
ȷֳһʶ̽Եʯû⵽ųżࡣ

֮һȻҲĵ
΢Դ֮˵븣
ޱǵǳ֮еԭ𣬼ǧǳ֮ǿƥɱ֮
νһһ
ﵽǳ棬Сֹ
ϪԸϸڡ
ǸӤСϪĺɫʯӳƺ͸⣬ƮϪˮϵСӤڡ
һģһĳϴβͬǣϪע⵽ʵʯǰǸӤѾû˺
ʯӽӤڣ޺Ҳ򱻳ѣԢĵһС
ǸӤֲǸӤ
Ϫˡ
Ժδ
ֱʯӦܸ𰸡
룬ǰɫ仯
ɫ
ްУϪԼ̨̤峿ĵһĨС
ţϪ˹
ۣɫҪ
ʯ˼ѵҪ̨
̨
̨ʲôܣ
ϪûóȻѭʯԸȥҲڡ
ԥʱ䣬ѾɽһĨ֮ʲҲ֮ɢȥ
ʱ䣬ϪҲ
ôʵ
Ϫҡҡͷ˵˵ʯʾ
Ҳ֧ľĶԣһʱ諺ʹǱߣҲЩٸǴ𸴡
Ϫͷɽһԡ
áӦ
ԼҲţȻɽԷԸ˸Щ


103 
֮, ϪŹͨʯ˸˲Ĺżء
Щ, ˵֪ʥŮʵѡԳе˹ͨصְػ˷硣
̨ʥŮعͨ;
̨֪ͨףֱԻ
ʥŲ̊޿ɺǡ
ϪΪʲôѵʵҲʲôϵ
ǵһε֪ĴڣõбƺһʼһĴڡ
òҲĸǰתֻǡûѪ², ˵ԼҲòס
ϪȻҲţˣȥ塣
ԺһҿǵȲˡ
Ϫͷɫ֣صʱȷʵˡЩҺ͵ʯĹͨҲЩüĿ峿Ҿ̨
ȷ£ü, ﲻ̫ͬ
ᡣϪ֤, ʯẦҡ
ῴѶ, ֮մҲҹ, ̨ص¡
ԭʥŮÿ¶Ҫһ̨֮¼ƽѾ£һֱ, ҲѹֶԷȲ
ǹǵͷãҲͬ˵
Ϫ˵
չ, ˵ǻʽԼ̨, ʱָɹָ䣬ȻòǸʽҲ֤ͬһˡûָ䣬ʱİ취Ҳ
ϪҲÿУеǣǿԣӦҲ̨ܾѲ⣬һ
һ̬ҰȻϪҪţֻᡣʹתҲˣŵңҽᣬΨһĵ¡
Ϫɫ鲻ɱȾѿڶ
ǵ޽Լɡ۷ʲôҶҵ㡣
Ϫ޽Լ
ͬĻͬʱӱ˴˿˵˵˿ŶԷ׿ิֻൣǡ
áĬͬʱ
ûޱϯʱ˵أֻб˴˵һˡ
˶ɽգѪΪģԻΪˣΪ£ฺΪбģ
Ͽġ
ⲻǶԸ棬ҲȫԼи˴ˡ
ʵ⣬ҲͨĶһôԽɺԺԶֻҪһ£Էܸ֪ңǧ֮ڣ˻ɴ͵Էߡ
һϪ͸оϺȻһʲôͬʱ֮Ҳһ΢ᡣ
֪ɣõϡ
Ӵˣ빲
ʱִ٣ʲôû׼ϪЩԲסᣬŵ˼ˣҶһʢĵ´䡣
üۺЦãҲ׼׼Ҳħڰһһ죿
㡣ϪҲЦ
룬ǵһɣ鷳
Ϫͷš

ҹ˿һ𣬰ܱǰһ´ʱ⡣
΢سϪųصĲ̨
ߵһĨ£֮ʲһ׽̨ϵӰԶϪ塣
޵֮ˣ֪ǸöԴ˻峿Աÿ峿һĨֽк
Ϫᶼϰߡ
Ȼ˿̨ϣһ壬Ϫ;ԣ⾹Ǻ
һԣһһֻ֮һĻᣬǾӤĸ֮СӤûʶ
ͺȻߵĹЧȴر
ϪޣʮҲһĨ
ֻһƣΪֱӽһС׶Σͬʱڵ־ȫų־һϴһ㡣
ϪܣһֱʶеĵʯȻ˷ӦͬڵĴбһɳ
ͣϪǰһ̣ͻȻʼΧϪ
ͬʱͷɫޱ䣬׺ͬʱ䵽Ϫϡ
ʱ䣬Ϫʶӿһμ䡣
׺ɣתעһһľʢ˥֮⡣
ӹ̫ãõԼʧȥ֪
һգһˣһ˽ʶܸ֪˵ϲŭ֣Էܸ֪Ĵڡ
˺һȤǸ
ʱתǸʧֻ֪ÿһ
ֱһΣǸ졣
֪´Էٻԡ˽ģ˲
˽飿
Գ˯ȽǷݲ˿ȥ
Ҳȫ飬Ʊ˿ûбٵǱͶŵ磬ûһӤ
֮Ӥ̨еˡ
ϪƱ˿һԴбǸ֣֮Ȼ׽ϪܵõŴ
ڵʯغĽס
˿ͬΪһ壬Ƿ뿪һ𣬾ͳͬĴڡ
Ҫά乫֤תϪˡǣߴһ¡
ϪǸֻصĻᣬҪ´νɶʱУ޲ġ
ʯޱһ
⣬ϪЩΣҲʾ
ԭǴ˽֮ˣǸͶŵ˽̽ӣΪľǰ᱾ˡһɹʱУʮΣա
ޣҲַֻͨʽʾϪ
ԭͨξʾϪȷʵƻ˶ԷһЩƻ˭ͽûʮǰһֱڣٴ֡
ϪЩꡣ諵ϣȴвͬĿ
諶롢ĸ鲻м٣ʹвҲԹ޵Ҫ硣
֮෴ִʵǳֻ
ңİǸֺαؽϪᶼûˡ
諵£ΪҪüʲô£ǰνİܴҲΪ˴Ŀġ
ĿľʲôϪڻ֪Լ֪ܿ
Ϫۣһ۱㿴һǵᡣ
Ϫˡôûʲô°ɡ
ϪæԷסḧĺ󱳣ɣû¡
ԷϤĿŰһģˡ֪֪Լ˶죿
죿Ϫ㶵ʣΪŹһᡣ
죬졣
֪ж຦¡
Բ𡣡ϪǸβѡ
᱾Ҳֻǵģﻹƽʲô
ƽһЩƿϪŶԷɫϪǿûʱˡ
諺ʹִˣϪ뵽
ԡͷֹ࣬ˣѿҪǰ
ϪҲô
ǰǱ߳ˡ
ǱߣǲǸʱ䡣
ȥⱾͬʱڵ㣬ȴ諵Ĳ˽ʱڵ㻥Ӱ죬˴˴߻
̬˲òǰı
Ϫϵ̨
áҲӦʮֹϣϪ
رľǣ롣Ϫ
ͷס
ҪҲû顣˵;̨Ϫʱϵ諡
諸ϵѡ
ȶϪЦЦſ諽һ֣һˡ
仰ɵһ٣ɫ΢΢룿
ҡĿº͵ؿ֣Ҷˡ֣Щˡ
諴ΣѡšϾʥŮôܱһٵȡʲôֵûɵġ
οʣǰеġ
ࡣҡҡͷɫͳҵϣҲᡭ
û˵ȥں޹ȥ˵õģڡ
ˣȻѾˣҲýдˡ
ϣ¶ǡôɻ
˾㵽һȥˣҲ֪Է˵ʲô
ûֻͣǷһȥ
ԭ̨ˣȴһ٣ٶ
ȥûãŶϺɽ
߽ˣϪſϻһˡʧõļ
ǱŻӦûʲôŰֻһ˫۾ʧȥɣһ޿ı飬ɫŲԾ
ƳϪʱ˫۲һ۽·ץס˾ݣʦ㣡ʦң
˵ãһ˵Ϫϵĵʯʼ̡
ǡ
ϪȻ֣˲Ƶǰָһͣץһ
ҵϵͳŵصôᡭ
Ļû˵꣬ΪҲ˸ǰ
ҲûϵϪܽǶֱӴӼڳԷӦһЩ
ʱϪУ諲ֻ֣ܳпѶ
ʱý
ˣʣڳ˶һͷˮϪץʲôϵͳʲô
Ψ֪ˣڶû͡
Ϫû諣ǿżʣ˵ⶫϵͳ֪𣿡
ƺѰϣæϵͳʦ㣬ҺòãѾǩԼҲûõġ
΢ģǸµСʦܣûа
Ϫ˳ۣ㣬Ƕʦܣ
᣿㶣æҡͷǣûжᡣʦ㣬Ǽһֱңҡ
ȷʵûжᣬҲ졣
ʦǸܹͳŽ̵ƶǷǶļǰȴǾǰļ
ʹͬһ꣬Ҳվһˡ
ϪνϵͳĹƻĵĶʦܼ
ʦܣȥ֮ǰͻоӡ
Ϫ̾˿תͷ諣֪ʲô
֪
˶ŶԷְΣϪſڵļƻ
µϪֻܾܶȡһȨȻǸ⣬Ҳ׷ŵĻᡣ


104 
ûش, ڿǡ
Աλ˲廰Ļᡣ
ҼǵǽƸͨѡεˣǫ̂, 諣˵а취Ťת٣ܸøʲô취ˡǰǶʵģǶ˵ġ
ȴֱӺӶԷıʣ諺λϷʵֺͳϣôһʲô˼
ڳԴʣЩĴ𰸶۵һϡ
ΪһĲ߻ߣ諴˿
Ŀһһɨλ峤, ᡣ
ڿʱԶ˶٣Ŀ룬ϣİ롣
΢΢üܾʲô⡣
̹ȻһЦҵȻǰ, ֿҴ̨Ĳ𣿡
û˵ʲô, ĿתϪ, ͣƬ, ƺȷʲô䵽ϡ
һ˸, ӾܿĴ
֪, һ˵ġ諵
ӶøԷ˵Ļڰ, ȴеһĪĺ⡣
ҲҪˣҲҪˡؿϪסҡͷ
Ϫ״ֻʮָӡΪֻǺȻ׼˵ҲǱã֪顣
Ȼˣվͬ಻
諵Ҫ˼ѡͬ⣺á
Ϫ˵꣬ϰĶؼڡ
諿ɫһɣ̧Ūο޺ļſˣ˵ࡣ
ʮգҵõһϵͳŵңұǿǰһ
ԴӼзһ£ö˵һҲ諵һȷĲ
ҲǴ֮諱ȻȻ뿪ңȺӵ
ԭô͡
ûд諣˵
֮ϵͳİҵʵȻͻͽԶˡʥŮеĳϡɼˣɱȲ롣⣬һϲ
˵ԳһЦǳǳɨϪ漴Ȼ
ĻȴЩ諣˵е˼С츳ڣοִ
Կһ۵ǰοִ
Ͼ嶼ʥŮڣνĲԹޱͿЦ
ֻϧ׵̫֪ʱȻɴ
̾һ䣬ָǸϲı飬ѻ˵ꡣ
ٺҾŵԣ̨ȡġ
̨򿪵ɲǣʥŮ峤ȻǸϵ̨ʱѾ޷ء
Ҳʱһʧǣ˳޺ʧĿ⣬ֻʣ˺ں
ͼֹȻ𣬴ٽ
֮󣬾ۿЯǧˣԸѪأԴ˲µĴ
諱һȥвʣҲ޷ء
ͷ뵽Լ͵͵ĽתʱաԴˣ㿪ʼʮĳı
ʮ꣬ᣬܳʥŮ壬Ҳڶϵͳ
ϪȫǸ⡣
ֻһͨĴߣ˲ϡֱص壬ȫָſԷݡˣļƻɹİո
Ҫٿ̨Ȼ󣬡һĨ޲ġ
˻һ˽Ծ
֪諵û뵽롣
ҲǲС
λϱһػ˽磬ִ諿֪ıĵа˼к޼
ǶԷ⣬Ҳ֡
˵ȱ̬
ϪһۣҲͬ
ȻҲзա
諿ϪҪİ
ϪҲԥֱʵҪ
̨ҵġ֮ҪҵĺȻͻ֪
ϪӦá
Ϫ̶ֻʣһ¡
Ϫ֮ǰ諾ȴӴռȡ塣
óԷ䱣ĺܺãʹʧȥ꣬ǾƤɺ󣬿˯һ㡣
Ǹ彻᣺̨󣬰λѪ󷨡õģʱһ᲼һת󷨣ǲȥȽһ޸˶Ḵ
ˡ
ִĴֹһ塣
Ϫֻʶļƻ̫һ©Եòʵ
λȴ״Ҫ̫̫̰࣬ġܹ֮Ӳһƽ⣬õȻҪ١
諣ˣۡ
諴ʱȻѾԼִУ˵˶ԷҲȥ
ĬĬ̾ǶŶ֮һʦͽԵ֣̲סһ䣺諣мǣĪҪִ̫
ҲȷʵԼıУû侯ȥʹȥҲ⡣
ȻˣھͿʼɡ
˶û
ĬĬϪ𣬶͸λ뿪ټ׼
ϪҲתֻ̨諻Ѽ
諵ڵϵͳͨ
ѹȸдʹʱ㷴֮ģʵڲ֪ԼҪңҲᡣ
ġסĲֱӶԷ۾ƻ
룬ʧԣһᣬ򿪡
諼״ɿϪ̨
Ϫ˵öԷǰ˵ķ̨
̨ɲǣϪֻԼ·һǿĶףӦþǸ
Ϫҵ飬æ̨
Ϫ岻׹һûоͷ޵׶һ㡣һƬֻжϲ֪ʲô⣬ΪڰΨһĹâ
ҵġ
ϪϬڣԷֹԼ䡣
Թ֪ԼˣܸûνĶڣȥֻһƬĿ
Ϫ΢΢Ƭ̣׹沢ʲô޵׶һƬգ䶼Ĵ
Ϊ֤ԼĲ룬Ϫ۾Уֻȥܡ
ȻɱεĸйʧȥЧú˵ࡣ
ȥѰҽڡ
ͬԴͬԴ˴֮ȻڸӦ
ܿ죬ϪҵԼҵĶ
æǱȥҲܵķֱû֮С
ĽϪɲǣڵĵʯͬʱ
һʱ䣬ģʯϪ֮γһ΢ƽ⡣
Ϫʶ̨̱ڵϵļԱһĮȻ諣ǣվڸ̨ϣ޾ٹ鳣ûǧŹģŹ˷ӿǵķ
Ϫʶص̨
ͨѿȻϵ˳ͨ˽硣
һ㶢˽ġ
ֽϪʱϢжݵͣƺڻʲô
ȻʱѾˡ
̤˽һ˲䣬ͬʱ֣ժ¼ϵϵͳԴΪýرͨ
һ·ӴϢ˲ӿϪ
Ϫ֪ԷǿҵĶ⣬η޾壬Ҳ׼ӭ
ʱǽģļ
ֻܷɱ˺¶Էϵ
ԷϵĽһֻĶȮ׺ݡ
ϪȻ׸Լ⸲һҪ֪ޱ𱾾͵ǳ֮Уǿɱ֮ʹҲɻ
˵Ҳ棬ޱȻҲпá
ƣƣ෽ӳɡ
ˣԭƾеɱͱϪɡ
һУֹ諵ı㣬Ǵ˽Ĳ֡
֪оһգԲϪӣнվ档
ϪҲһνʯʵҲһ֣ʹҲֹڴˡ
Ϫ۾̨
̱ڵϣڣֻǻ˯ȥ
Ϫһ۾ûֱӷȥġ
ɱʱѪҲѾɣҲһ
⣬;뿪ҲѪһ̿ת
ϪŷԼΪģͼԼȡ
諻ʮ꣬ǧǿޱȣЩﰵռ˹¡
ЩȷʵԵֵõĶ
ʧˣֻᡣ
ôܣܡ
㵣ţţʡ
ԣῴۣںȵ֣ˣ
תͷﾡǷ񣺡ǻû
ᶯ˶첲ջصԼ壬ЩӦ
վһһٵˣѾתԶٴΣǶٻ
ʮǰһ£Լδȡ˵δ
ˣŻǰŨصʮİһΣЩȥų׽⿪
µҲڿԵõѡ
֣ĹˣѾԭ㡣ʹӵļ䣬ǰˣֻᡣ
˵仰ͲٿԷתߵϪߣϪһˡ
ţҺܸˡϪ΢Цס֣һ۵˼ˣǸûȥˡ
ͷ߰ɡ
Ϫ漴֮һʱѷ죬Ǹûصԭʱˡ
һĻмȴһ˳ȥ
ʹת󷨺ʣʱȻ֮࣬ǰֻԼļ
ϪȻһ˲漴˶Էѡѡ֡
»صԭʱ䡣
Ъһͱǰĳ𺳵
ԭ亣׵ŵأ뿪ʱָ½ϡ
ֻһ˲ղ
ⳡȫڻþпԤԳһģһ
ˣ
Ѿɹ޲ģô
᲻ףϪȴʮ
ϪȻߵ˵Ļû޲ɹ
죺ûгɹ諲˵
˵ͻȻΪȻϪУԷҪʲô

ϪвŨҵĲ밮⣬һһҺòã
Ǿ΢΢⡣
֪Լ˽ôأſǰˡ
һΣҺòãϪһ顣
û뿪ᡣ
ῴŶԷеĿͼᶨ۵׻һ⡣
Ʋͷһòŵãҵȡ
Ϫرסֱͷۡ
Һܿҡ
㡣ᴹӨ׵Ϫͷ䡣
ϪͷһǣȻȻȥ̨
ȡվڴ˽磬˼޸Ȼڲȶأʶһ
һתյתٶɸġ
ϪǸת
̨֪ޡ
뿪ŵҵԽ֪¡
ԭ뿪󲻾ãŵغȻһضɽҡŵغȻεض¶棬Ѿһ
ŵسԺϵѹҲʧ
˺ûãʡ
źȻյţޱ콵˲ء
ֲ֪ǵδ֮ԪسǰԲ󣬵֪ƽ֪󣬵Ȳ׷뿪׼ӦⳡͻȻѡ
ʿǰǲģҲȥˡ֮ǰҪҸ㣬ƽǽؽ塣
Եͷã֪ˣʱڴ˿ȡ
ûʲôԽ˵ɻؿ˿󣬡ôǰ
ɫ˰һת⣺ûꡣԺʲô㣬ǻرȥ
ԽҾڴ˵ذɡҲ֪ûˣ壬ӦҲҵİңҲǰһؽ˵ء
áͷ
Խľûз
̨֮һ£Ϫûг
ԭỹҪȣյĽţ»ħʥŮڣҲϡ
޷ֻܸԽ˼ţԼȻħڴһг䶨Żصŵء
ȻֱʱϪԾûд̨
˺꣬ῴһؽ٣ʼûеȵϪ
ڼ䣬ԹԪسԼŵˣõϢ˵Ϫȫݡ㣬ԼϻкϪĵģȻҲ֪
ɶԷʱ֣ûһ׼ȷ
ʱһζΪԼҪȵڶʱ̫ȻһϢ
ģ֡
ò׵ȵϢ˲˼ԷΪʲôͻȻܵôԶĵطȥͼҴҵѰȥ
Ķ£ֹһ֡
ἸѰĽֵĴһϡıɽҰˡ
ʱ򣬶Էһɫɮ£վʩչֲˮ
Ϫһ
Ϫŷ˹
ԷĵһۣͷԼȻӿ죬ƺʲôҪǻӿɲ֪ǲʱԵʣ컹ʲô벻
Ϫʧ䣬οڵλʩƶϪǿʶ


105 
ʩ
ƶ᣿
ϵľϲ۵, ʿԷİʱü۸˼֣㲻ʶң
ϪȻü, ͷǱһ£΢΢ۡһſհףżҲҲһصļ䡣
Բ𡣡Ϫ򴽰꣬һԵĵ𣬷ӿµ4ɬҾӦʶ㣬Ҳǵá
ǵã̧ͷЩįɻ
Ϫ͵һǰεҰ, ǡñʾʦҾԼ⣬ʲôǵáʾʦʱҲûϷκ֤ҵԡ
һǰ͵, ôǧ͵, ôƫƧĵط
黺һЩ, 漴뵽ʲôͻȻһ䣺ʧ, أ⣿
˵žͿʼ֣һץסϪ, ˳Ƥ忪ʼ顣
岻С£һزʶˣһʿΌܡ
˲, Ϫ˽ĻᶼСڣﾹ־ܾ, ʮϡ
Ƭ̺ϣ
䲻֪мʲô⣬¶ԷˡڳʧϪϲû⣬Ϊһ㣬Ѿ
ˣԷֹȴ
ǾĲǡ
ɿϪ֣ŶԷ۾ʣΪʲôܾ
ϵ¶ʧϪﲻЩź⣬룬ػص
ȻǵãһϲǰϵȻáﵣңҸ˻ľܾ
ǵûô˵黰ϲա
üŶżͶһزʶ˵ЩĻˣϪʦǸأ֪ߡ
ûĳ˸ղŻԳƶᣬ˲˵ұ͵͵ҡ
ϪıʱһԲʧðȫǳģްּٻ
ϪƣȴʯĳΪֻأ
С
Ϫ˸۵׶˼飬صüãûῴ
ûгҡֻʾʦ޼ҿɹ飬׼ҵӵ֡
ڽ͡
һů⣬ּϪգҲգضԣͻȻһ뷨
ϺȻ¶һЦݣϲң
ʾ䣬ȴΪ϶
òüãЦ򷽡
ϪЦֻĶҪҲЩ㶣ϲ
벻֪ǰʲôϵʣƻ
Ϫ΢ʵͷ롣
߽һ΢΢ͷսĶˡ
ʪȵϢϪĶ⣬һ⡣
Ϫ΢΢ͷǼᵽһζζŨִһ˿塣
ζĻϪֻһƬɣļֹס
촽һʱ֪ηӦ
Ȼ⻹
δȫ֮ʣ˦һը
˵ҲϲһԼʹˣһ᲻㣬Ľƫ飬һƬģˡġ
ܡϪѿڶ
֪ף
һ˲һȻı飺㲻ң
кᣬֹģϪʱڲѡԼ̫öԷˡ
æޣġ
Խë£һξӨ飬ںڵһضϪģ
ġϪͷַ̧¡
ȴûôǣ˵ĵ§ס˵ңҸγͷ㣿
Ϫŵû½ӲøľͷƵģ۾Ҳ֪ΰڷţĴһһԷߣһֲ
ͷ૵
ԽԽȤϴһ԰㺦ôãóͷ𣿡
ʪϪϣ̵Ҳһȡ
ٿһַۣɿƿߣҲ֪
ˡƲƲ죬ؽƿתҪߡ
Ϫ״һסԷ֣˳Լǰߡ
̧żִˣ
ûСϪҡͷ˵Ҫߣ֮ѿʵһ֪ʲô֣
գգۣһ˲漴ʧЦ˵ôã˸߶ԷԼ֡
Ȼ֮ǰû˵Ҳ˵
һᷭתһѾԺǽ֮ϡ
ǽһһ֦⣬׺ۺһ֦ͷһб֦òļͷ
΢΢մȾһĨЦ⡣ֽ̧Ǹ֦Ͽõһ仨ժ
ϪʱҲǽߣ̧ͷǽϵˡ
ͷ
˶ӰΣָᶯǶոժµһзֳòϪϡ
ؿԼĽڵ֪Լ롣
ʲô
ͷ֣
ûѯʵĻᣬȥ˵һ䣺ģҲߣֻȥʦк˳ޣԹҡ
Ϫ˹ȻЪ뷨Թվԭأ˼Էoµ⡣
ʱӽʱٻѾ̫б
ϪȻվ뿪ǰλã벽Ҳƶ
ǸԽ
ᰵһ䣬ߵߣˣ
ϪתͷܿЩգֻһ˫淺ϲõĹâˡ
˵뵽Է⣬εǸҲ֪
һûΪתʾʦ˵Ϥ˵أ鲻ȥѰһ᷿á
áϪȻ·
Ϫϸ˵ֵĵӣסҲ᷿Ҫţɴһ˽ģ˰Լס¡
ԭͽɽ֮УʮƫƧƽгʾ⣬ֻСӣپϪᡣ
£ҲˣʾԼסһ㲻ߡ
ֻ᷿ˡҪʲôҲ㣬˴š
Ϫ͵ʹ뿪˭֪ȴ£
ʧ˼ϪĶ֣㶱䣬֮ġ
ֲ˵ʮƶЩӻǴǰµģЩԭĶ˳ȥЩòϵ᷿һŴ⣬ûһİ衣
ҪϪʵҲֻһŴڴϣίʵЩ
ϪԸվš
ҲǿִӴȡһѶ÷䡣
һŰ׺񴲣ò˿յ
ÿһѵõıҡ
ϪϱǿһһϰֵƶէȻó㶫۾Ǳһ£ͷӿһʧС
ԷóЩ֪Էס
ȴһƶϴʲô̸ϲ
Ϫ࣬ȴίǰˡԣ취׬ʯʸͶԷһ
Ŀ̫ԣҲѡ
òõĶúãתϣϪָ
Ϫߵһ𣬶㱻һѳסߡ
ʲôʵ
Ϫʵ׬ʯ
֮еĻشЦЦô㣿
ǡϪҡͷ
ȻָϪ°ͣԼӣ֪ʵ
ΪʲôҪʯҿԸ㣬ϾҶһ󷽣ϲһֻҪź̹ˣҪʲôҶ㡣
ʣ°û˵ͱϡ
Ϫˢһվϴŭݣʵкܶˣ
⻰ǰˣ̲ס˵ڡ
ֶڿУƬ̲ŷ£忿⡣
üϪأ
Ϫں̬ȣдⷭӿûзֻҲ֪
״Խţ˵أ
ЦȰԹ׿Իġ
Ϫ
ΣֻȭͷȻȥ
״һ˵ʵ㶺ŪԷʵҲЩĻţϾϪԸʵԤϻʲô¡
תһ룬Էհףһ˵İֽǵʱŪʱٵ˻ָˣɲ޷죬
ʵҲǰ㣬ϪʹҲ˺ʲôֵֹ뷨⡣
Ϫ뿪ȥ˺ɽڻɽޣȥݣƽ»ص᷿
·ķſڣϪֻһ۱ջĿ⣬Ŀб߻Լӡ
һݣͲˡ
ԷȻѵϪŰŹϣԷȲز
֡Ϫü
ȻԷ˲ûţø˫§סĲǼıǼ⣬ϣҷſ𣿡
⻰ʵ˵ϡ
Ĳ˽ԷвĻᡣƿˣͲǾֱӶ֡
ϵ侲ϪҲ֮ǰǰ嶯
ĬƬ̺ʵҵΪʲô뿪ģ

Լû뵽ͻȻӦƬ̲Ϲ˭֪أȣԴˡ˵ˣҵĸΣ˾Ƿ곡Ϸˣο࡭
ϪһĻˣ곡Ϸ
ȻѾĻŲɡ
Щ飬ϷѾݵûͣµĵˣ
ϪûأֻҲˡ
Ҳǰ
һ磬˵ȴһ磺ǣˣ㻹һеµǣ
ȵȡ
ϪˣԷ˼˵е£֪е»һ𣿡
һָ˲
Ĩ⣬ϪҲԷĵĵӡǡ
ʱ׻ԭأþ˵һ仰
Ϫûм䣬㷴Ӧǰֲжǿĵ¹ۣʹʧ䡣
һԷ;ûϲһԼߵ뷨ɶԷ֮⻹ˡ
¡
С䣬ֻĵ˲Żѡ޽ġ֪ǣ޽ĵһģΪͣͣɢ
ģһаˡ
Ҳƭƭɵӡ
ϪԿͳԿڼʶ١
ʹ᲻÷ſϵˣһ˿ϣʵܽ𣿡
᱾ΪŪͷ̹ףԷʣЪ˼
صȻܵġֻⷨ𺦼󣬵ȻʵҪǣڡ
ϪΪ˵ԼģæնҲᡣ
˵Է˵𺦼ֱ⣺պҵȫİ취ٽ⡣
῿ͷЦӦá
鼸շתһķȥ᲻ּɣЩ
Ѳǽҹһ˯
ˣϪЩܣȴǺܼᶨ
ôԣǴǰֲûһ˯ᷴʣɵؿŶԷ˵ʧ㲻븺𣿡
ñϪӲãǡ
ǾҡǿӲ˵ɫҳ˵أк£û㣬˯š
ӲʩϪǶ֣Ѿ˵
һջ󣺡һû˵ҵְɣ
ϪĿƣû˵
ҽᣬǰ
ֱϪ繣һ˺üδ
ͣ£ϺȻȾɫͷû
ǵ¡
ֺЦǣԱߵķߣһһߵѾͷˡ

Ϫ¶ͷ
벻׶Է˵ĳͷʲôȻ˵Ǿǰɡ
ԺУϪѾԾظ˷䡣
Ҳ֪ոԷĴ̼̫֮࣬ûֵ£ֻǰַڴϢ
ñط꣬᱾ΪԼ˯ţû뵽Լ˵˵ϪĻ
ǶԷϤϢģֻǼˣͷǸڵõиĻᡣ
֪䣬˯˹ȥ
Ϫߣ˶ԷһҲûۡĿᣬעʲôϡ䱦һ
ֱεʱƿĿ⣬ϴ
˯ĳϪĳѶԷֻڷһԼȥǰΡ
һ꣬Ѿϰ
ÿîʱʾλΣϪ˺һ
ʱ
κӻΪٹȣȥš
ϪȥժѾ죬ֲźõ
˼Ķ⣬ҵֲõʯΨһԴ
⼸ĶƷʲߣֵҲһЩһֲҲ˼Ǯ
Ϫϲˣ׬ʯѹϡ
Ȼ̰ͼǵʯҲþ취롣
ȡֲʱϪһֱ£ѽյֲλӺҲû
˵ǰΣ
ϪߵߣˣǸҸȥ㡣
᲻⣬۸ո뿪Ӱȥʲô
ȥݡϪʵص
ݣЩԿﻹδֲ꣬һѾ
Ϫͷԡ
ЩȫҲֵʯɡѹֻóһٿƷʯλʾʦС˻黹Ǳʾ޿
ȻЩΣһҲ֪Ϫʲôӡ
Ϫȴֻ࣬᲻ϰߣƶûʲôö㡭
СضĻ
ϪĬȻѾʶ
ƾ˽⣬һ²³룺׬ʯ
Ϫͷ롣
һЦҲûа취
ϪǰһͰ͵ؿһֻʳС
ɰı飬žҲʮֺг
̲סһ£ǰǸʦ
ϪǻϲЩȻˡ
գĿɫ᣺ġ
Ѿݼ˴Էվͻᵽ˵ءݼǵʦԿϪʧԭ
ʮѾҲ⼸ա
һ㣬һ߰οϪԷԾԾԣԼĴռзһ
㿴һȻʧȥ䣬䲻ʧ˵ʲôأ
ϪĹҲ˵ģá
֮ϪͿʼоһ
ʴӱʱ򣬹ȻоһЩŵ
ȥʾʦûе¯Ϫ˵һߡ
ʲôסα鷳¯С
Ϫɻ󣺡
ȻһЦѾѸˣҪúô
Ϫü˼ԷҪĺôָʲô
ʵʾʦԼˣܴܻŷͷ
ôԸ⣿ʱ˾ⷬ˵һΪ潵ķɡ
ϪûбвȵĸоҡҡͷҲ֪Ҫʲô
ԼĴҡ
ǿˣ˳ʵʸ׽ԼȻˣƫҪǿ
Ϫ̺ıˢһڣѬաʶһڿˮĵһɿ
ӦǾܾ
Ϫèץһס
ϾؿôΪѣ
ΪѡᣬϪһڷ񶨣˽
۾żÿĺ촽һһ㿿ٻСġ
ᲱӶЩᣬڵȵԷ
ȴȡ
ϪһҪֿȴ§סӡ͸оԼĴݱһ˿赸
ã˿һ㣬Ϣٵʵûʲô
ԣϪӻģĻ档
ڶԷǰĴ꣬滹ˮ⡣
ԼĴһ㣬һ𣿡
ЦһӦˣð
˵΢Ŵݣһߢ̬
ϪĶһᣬЩֱ̡᲻͵ҧһڣʾԼĲ΢ǿӲһ㡣
һȥ˶궼Щף˭û
Сӻ˻ʮ֣Ϫ䣬ֻʾ࣬Ц
Ϫʾ˵£оһ죬ڳɹƳһ¯ҩǵڶ¯
߼ʦûм䣬оڣֵͽ׵ҩˮɡ
ʾЩȣ˵
Ϫ˵Լ뷨ǵֲȥ׬ʯƳɵҩֵᷭ벻࣬ʾʦôãҲһ
㵽˶ʮ֧æȰ˵ʾʦϪ԰ɣóȥֲҲûôˣϪƳɵҩ
ʾԴ²磬˽һڴؿǵͷǾ԰ɡ
ͬ⣬Ͻһϲ
ȥϪº˵ˡ
ȴЩ֣ôôа취ʯʾ̫Ըӡ
Ϫ뷨˵ʾʦ߻Ϊۡ
ߡ
Լʯʱģɰ㲻ߡ
²һ䣬ԽȤֵĵʩ沼µ󷨣һͨСеġٲǰҲԻ͹䵽ģŴ󶼿𡣡
ϪҲ˽⣬û𰸡
Ҳû취ֻ˵һ䣺һȥΡ
ûôأȥҲС
ϪӦá
ڶһ磬ȻϪһȥǰ
Ƽ¶Щ棬μʼʲôû˵
ʾֻؿһۣ㲻ᡣ
Ϫ¡
Ƕãʾʼз𾭡
ЩģǰΪһҲһʮվͱȰˡ
ǴƵоƤԾʼܣڻǺϣһϪϡ
Ϫܵæ˵ƣöԷø˳΢һЩʾߡ
һʱΣ˯жȹ
ͷβʾû˵ʲôֻڽһ䣺֮ģǿ֮ˣ಻ϲ
ϪȻ˵ᣬвЩæǸԲҵĹǿҹ
˭ǿʾûȤֻѶԷѣǡ
뿪ۡ
ۿ˿ʾ뿪ķ򣺡Ȼ⡣
Ϫ֪ˣɻתͷ˵ʲô
Ŀ䵽ϷϣϪ㿴ǽ۾ʲôо
۾
Ϫ̧ͷϿȥ
۾һ̱ʯǶɣƽע⻹áһ˵ϪֻǶ۾ĪһɹУׯʥķΪ
κζ˿˰ΣҲûʲôԣֻʱá
ڶָϪǰͿʼ˯
ա
ա

һգˡϪȻ污ΣѾȫĿбӣֻû˵Ŀ⡣
ʮ죬ڷת䡣
ιϪڵһᣬǷӡ
ԭΪҲʲôջ˭֪˸ת׼뿪֮ʣȻһɾ޴
ֻüԷһۣһ̾ͱǹ˽ȥ
*
ϪʱǰֻһƬڡ
΢΢üһǰԼһģĹȻ
һᣬȷӦԼ۾⡣
۾⣬ΪҲѹƵڡʶ޷ţһϹûʲô
Լˣ֪ˣ
ź˼һߺһΧת
һһ󣬵һֱûԷӦ
Էڸ
Ϫеǣֻ뾡ҵˡ
ĿӣϪҲ֪ԼʲôطֻͨأжҰ⡣
ߵǼϰЩˤҪԶһЩˣȻͽ֡
ʲô̽·ͺˡ
Ϫ롣
ȻԼﱾӦʲô
ʲôأ
ü£˼
߻ͬ˵ĻǰǸޡ

ˣǽ
Ϫ飬һ˲Ȼһѽ
ı齣
òϬڱ˼𣬻ϲķ
ϪŽʮְġ
ḧ¶ǸɫǸ
һ̣ϬͱصףǱ˹á
Ϭ
ϬΪϪ·Ȼߵ˳١߼ͻ֣Է
˲֪ãأϪоϵķԽԽڡЮź⣬һһεۡ
ǰߣжë˪£䵽Ϫͷϣա
˪ѩУһ͵ӰС
ῴľĳ
찡˼űѩڸǣϪûһͣؼǰߡ
ûа취ֻܼӿٶܵԷǰһѽס
ʵʱϪƱסǼᵽǹϤζȫȷ϶Էݡ
Ϫϲ
ͬ˲ѣסǰˣϪ
˵໰Ϫȴһֶû֣ô˵
᣺
˼ͬѼһʶﲻԡ
ɿԷͨϪ˵ʲôͬʱҲע⵽Ū˫ʧȥɵ۾
̽ԵϪǰ˻Σȷϣ㿴ˣ
Ϫûл֣д֣
㲻˵
ʶ⣬ҲѧϪڶԷд֣
˵ˣ
Ϫ
д

Ϫԡ
ȷԼˣҲ˵Ҳκ
ϪͷҲ˵Լҿ
һϹһơ
治֪ؾʲôͷһ͸ô谭
һֱѩҲ£ǣϪҵһĵط
ߵķѩȻС࣬ҲԺú˵˵
Ϫ֪˵ص
һƬԭϣʮֹŹ֣ÿһʱͻһΡ
գѾ˺üϺҲϪֱղſˡ
ҲҵҵˣῴϪ۾۲ѣ治֪ô߳һ·ġ
ôţע⵽ϪеĽ
Ϭ
ἤĻˡ
ûС
Ϫд꣬뵽ԷʧԼҲѹд֡
Բ
ȷʵʧҲֻһ㣺ûϵܻϬѾܺˣġ
á
ЪһᣬȻ˵ʼ仯
أѩʧȡ֮Ǻ㴺硣Ұϴ̲ݷʤա
㴺˵鶼ź
ժһ䳤ڶɫСϪҼ䡣
Ϫ΢΢Ŀ¶ɻ
ǳǳǡ
д£ȥؾڣһҡ
Ϫûԥһ
á
ѲµĴ𰸡
ǣϪϬйȵְ
ǰ˼գһЩ
Ƭԭߣһʵɽ壬ؾںܾܿͲɽ֮С
ɽ
ԭῴɽ岢ԶʵȴԶԶͷ˺ܾò߳ԭɽš
ʱˡ
Ϫ֪ʲôֻʣôˡ

дϪ⣬ϸдɽϵһ޴ķ
дͷǾ޷˰ΣȻ쳣
ԣ񣬶桿
˵չֵʥׯϣǴͷβ͸Ź죬ֻ˫۾
˫۾˵ĸоǴ͡
ʾʦ˵һ˫һüĿһɷħһ塣˹˵Ӱһ㲻ħһ˫
˵ֺλʾʦԾ˫ǿҪħˡ
ϪҲʶħǰٵ
᣺Ҳ룬״̬ºѡ
ҲȻȵħ׵ľǡ
Ϫ룬д֣۾
棬Ƿ쳣ľ˫۾ղţҲᵽ۾һ
ʶ˶뵽ͻƵž˫۾
Ƿǧߣ˲е£νӽ۾
ȥ
ǰ⻬͵ɽڣҲŵ㡣
ѵû취
ü˼ͬʱ¶Ц⡣
Ϫ뵽ˣҲ뵽ˣħ
ħｫؾУȻ̰ͼ̰ͼľ˶һ
ǶҪħҲ㹻
ְ⸱أⶫѲ˸ϵ˵øǱոɾŴ޷ת
˫£Ҳ֪ʾ֪١ɲһ㲻֪ȻǰҲ˵Щˡ
ЩҲᣬȳȥʣҪǰ
ϪᣬɽʿһڶԷӦǲĲ
֮Եڻ֣Ǽɵ˵ʵ
ҲˣŻһʼѹס˵ΪĵؽһŪϹһơ
˵ļһҲħ
᲻иЦЦϪһ䣺ȥնħ
СκϪδ˵꣬ԷѾ뿪ˡ
Ȼʧȥ¶ȣϪＱزУȥˣĿӣ֪Էȥ

Ϫ޼ǸŪϹ˫۵ħ޵ԼԼΪֻɶԷðա
УȻ飬ƺǰҲй
һ㣬һģĻ棬ϪԺϴ̼

С

öԷһðա
ʲô취ҵԷλãܵԷߣ
ϪӷתǿԸʹ
һ˲ı͵ߡ
ǵӡǡ
ʢϲϪ㡭
Ϫ˱ܹħĹһõӡύţҶˡԲôá
ҡҡͷ˵̫໰
˾ȻҲɵʱ
£ħѳǱô˻Ὣ
Ϫֻñܸ֪ܡ
ܿħﲻ֪ʹʲôֶΣΧȫˣҲʧȥЧá
նһͷϪһۣ⡣
ԼĹֶʧȥãϪϬħȴпáȻˣרָϪħǡ
ϪûۣϪۡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ϫλϰˡ
Ϫ⣬Ϭ˵ķݺһ⡣
ͬʱҲλӰϪ󣬷ϣͬʱסԷ
һ̣˻Ϊһ壬ָķϪķƯƵĽŲϪλӰ䴦
Ĭ£ƵĬһһ㱻˸ɾ
ŵĶǵħ﷢ŭ˻ų
Ϫȵľڣ˲ţħֱϣһԾ˫֮С
˲µĲ˫۾ǳҲħѨ
۾һ˲䣬ͳؾǽʱ֮С
ڵУڴ̱ʯȴҫ˹â
ڶ˫۵һ˲䣬ϪһһҸԷֿ
ʱһǵâһڵϪϪǰǷ۾
á
˵꣬ͬʱ֣Ƕڷϵ̱ʯ
ɲǼ䣬ʩӵͬʱͬʱܺȻضɽҡ
Ҫˣ
˹˲æӷڲɳ
תֻ޴ķٿȻѿ϶ǵУѿ鲻ڵϡ
Ҳֽزʲûɷ档
ΣǰĳȴЩ㵡
ԭǴڲһССЦݣƿףһ黨״һţĻһŷ
ƶԭ˼ʾ֪ʱ
Ϫתͷ˼ҺúõĴŪ˲Щ顣
Ϫʾʦ
ʾ˶һۣɫҡͷЦЦض˵ӦҸмλֽһ׮ö߰ɡ
Է˵˽е࣬Ǹ˶л
ϪԥƬ̣ûоܾлʾʦ
Ϫȥȡᰵдʾ
ԷɶǸе̬ģͨʲô
ô£ܱ򶨣˵˲򵥡֮ǰ˼ɲ㣬ո˵Ļ
еĲ²Ѿõ֤ʵٶ޹ˣҲöʡȤö
ʱϵأģϣܽŷΪԼѡ
ֻϧ֮
ȻѲҪⶫҲһ档
ûʲô档ΣְѶ˦Ϫ
ϪæסҲֻѰ֮ֻ޷Щ
ͷ˻ص䡣
ǰؾûлʣлϸ˵
˵˵ɣôҵôãģ
Բ𡣡һ˵Ϫ⣬͵ҽ̨ΪܿͿɽ㡣˭֪ǽľϢڣֻֻ֮һʱ佫ڰ룬еʯҲһҰȥ
̨£֪͹ȥꡣ
Ϫʶ֮Уͱɣᣬֻʧ
ʯӴԼҲʧ
֮󣬾̨ųȥ
̨֮أͨκεطϪȫ͵ֻ˵һá
꣬ĻǵԹȫʧ׽Ū˵˼
ϧˣϪȴǵã֮ǰ˵ˣҲڵһ꣬㡭
ûУѡʧڷϣתƻ⣬ҸѩϢٹǾ͸õˡ
ϪĿؿա
գܶ¡


106 
ѩԼ˵, ϪΪƵķ£ԷŪ
Ϫò, ƽնŰ£һɽѩʥ֮ˡ
Ȼһ£Ⱦ̧֬ʱ鶯ֹׯȴڲס޷顣
󻭱ʵſУһ㣬ճڶԷϣȫ᲻ƿ֡
ΣſڵϪ, һ㡣
ϪĴῪϣһ죬͸¶˲ߢջ
ҡ
κΣδȥ˵Ļˣ㱻˴ϡ
ϪϪ, , ҵ, ôôö, ء
һˣѩ˽Ϫ޸ͣſžͻԭ, һһʵģòġ
ϪˣҲЩζ, ææҵذοòŽá
һŲָϵС, һߵ֪ûȥֻӿɲûҸˡ㲻ڵһ̨տʼȥ漸춼УҲ壬˶Ҫˡ
˵ЩϪȴ֪Щڣ˵Ĳס
ᣬǧ䱧ǸԷһʱ̣󶼻
Ψѩ죬ҲֻǸûĺӡϪԲ˵ڣֻһ鸧ƽϵë
ѩҲֻһᣬܿ͵á
ˣϪϪ˵ʧˣ㻹ǵ𣿡޹˲ʡ
ϪεЦЦǵá
ģ
ǧȷϪͷҵļѾָˡ
ָˣʲôʱ򣿡ѩ˵꣬Ӧָ˵ָ˾ͺãݼͰһˡˣݼһ°ɡ
ԹԵذţϪĻǸ⣬ֲʲô˵£ľܾ
ֻܿһŵݼ鷳ѵˡ
ݼ΢Ц鷳Ҹùϲƽ
Ϫл
䣬ݼֽȫ¼һ󣬲Ŷһĵ˵û⡣
ʵϪԼǵʦȻ֪ԼٺòΪѩģôһҲûʲôá
ۺ󣬲ϸ˵һı仯
ǰ漸꣬ħڵ£ͻصŵصϪҲŵأһߵϪһһؽ塣ѩҲӶܽӻһ塣
ֱʮǰ½˷
ǶΪѾ޸ɹǼѩû뿪̨ϧ¹ȥҲûȵȵǷϢ
ȻʧҲû˵ʲô
ҲϪ᲻Ѿ䵽طκϵĵӡǣ㣬ûаϢ
ԼڴȣѩȰȥһһϪټһء
ʵ֤µûΨһûϵľܵôԶĵطѩЩ궼ֻݺת
˵Ϫ
״æ˵Ϫ֪Ǽֻܻӭ
Ϫɻ
ѩһ̹ȻЩԺñѩɰ˼˰Ӧ𣿡
ӦӦá᲻סЦɲֻ˼˰أϻЩֻֻ»ѳأ
Ϫ˫Ŀ΢΢Ŵ󣺡£
Ƴѩһ۵أԼ˵Сڸʲôȥˣ
ž¡ѩν
СڴؾдʱΪСڲܼϲСͬȺϲСڣСҲųǣԸһѩȻûоŶԷŵĵ
֮󣬼˱Ŵ´˻ϻӣݼż䣬ɼѩԶ
ִգ̻صݡ
*
Ȼһ塣
ϪӦ굤밢תôãҲöŵԵʱˡ
굤ҩݣЩռһЩ壬ϪҲһֲպܴ굤
굤ҩͬһ¯ֻһ˾ҪöҩһöϪ֥ġ
˵֥Ļɢתϣã·Щûзһֱ취ռĻǣϪҲ뾡Լһ
֮Ҳ̨еľʯ뿪ǰµ
˵ֻҪ룬κε˲壬ԭطֻһ֮䡣
лǣңȻôһµ
ϪʮգҩȫƳɹ
һö񵤽·Ӻ󣬱һ𣬽밢滽
˵ĻѾʵֻһöҩͿת
ᣬϪʮָˡ
ҲЦŸк棬þò
𣿡ɻǷˣЩһֱڳ˯УҲͣڳ˯ǰʶ֪ϻؼ棬Ѿȥ˼ꡣ
˼ģҲࡣ
򵥵ĺѹ󣬼˲˵¡
굤ˣ欿Ϫʵ
šϪͷһȡƿһСʣĸͰʱߣ
欿һǵ´ɡ
ԣһۣеõˣҿɻûң
Ϫŵĺһᰲ񣬲ǹ˵԰ġҲһżʦ
欼״ҭȥƣҺͰ淴˸üˡ
죺Ϫҵġ

ϪͰΣô˳ҲȰǡ
˵ĸŮ֪̣ôҲ˵˼仰ҲȫȻĶԷ
תǰǵÿһĵ´䣬ˣ˵ҪѣʵתͷʹϪݡ
*
һٶ꣬ʿ˵̫
һԪںϪ뿪ǰȣû̫ı仯Ψһ˵ģžʽжְ֮İõĶ
Ϫȥ˹꣬ŵ֪ѩɽϡ
ΪҪá㡱
Ϫˡ
ǿʦǰ˵ԷϢһģһֱǰڷĿ꣬ǸͷףƮƮʦ
Էƺûв˹Ϫĺ̶̷ߴ
ҲẮ̶û㣬Ǹ˯ģҲ
ʦϪڻһ
˭˭ҵˣоϲæסͣſԴķ
ѩ˵ǰضϪϪʦû
ûûС᲻ص˵һ䣬εؿϪСϪ㲻˵ҪһʱôôͻˣΪʦҲû׼
ϪһѾĺ̶һ·ѩɽ֪ʵʦҪ׼ʲô
֣ⲻǣΪʦ޳ȥšΪʦû֮λҲʦ֣޴ȥš
ѾԼ˵Ϫ˵ʲô
̾һͽûָ˼ѩɽʦһֲ£ססͽǰģӲϳȥ
˵Ҿ֪СϪΪʦ
ϪһſʼԼԵˣʦᣬͽĵ¡
æƤЦɫᣬ¶Ͱ֮ɫСϪĵ£׼ʱʱ´䣿
ʦͬĻͿԣҼЦе

ûôƵġ
ȣ´ôҪ»Ҫú׼
Ͼǵһμ棬Ƥһ¾͹ˣɲ»ӡ󣬹ʶûټ˵ŵĻ
ʦ˵ǣ´һһΣӦúú׼
ͷ⻹ࡣ
˭֪׼˵ϪҲʦʵͽҲ

ͽûҪˡ
ĹģҲ治Ͼɾֻʣһͽܡ
ʦͽˣһͽϱһֻѩһ磬ͽ˶´䶨¡
ʮ˼Ȣ
Ϫ⣬Ϣһȥħ׷ײĿһԪںħڣԼӰ´գǰıͶ಻ʤ
ʱһϪһǣ߹Ĺ㳡̨
ν֣欺Ͱͬϯǰ
˽οؿһˡ
ʦ
ĸס
Ϫ˺һ
һ黹㵭
ȴǱ͵͵Ĩ˰ᣬתͷѻָڸȵʱѵ򣬸ͨء
£׼õѩͳ̣ȼ㶦ֻ
ȼ𣬽˶ġ
һѾһΣһѾ졣
Ϫᣬؼ֤ԸԷΪ£ฺбģ

´欺ͰԸȴȥת
ʮϪʱһ˫ӣ÷ƣһһᣬмֹ˾Ӱ
һ꣬ӭ׽١ͬգϪԭɽ硣

ƼһС˵ررַwww.677txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ