ƼһС˵ررַwww.677txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ

ܲϲԼŰɣ
ߣè
İ
᡿
ӳȻͷɽˣ˹ϵƽˮǰ֪֪ףྴֻӳȻ֪Լÿ춼ҪԼúụ̀ܳ11Ҫϴϴ˰಻ܳ9ؼҡ
ӹûʲô˼ӳȻԼĺ˵ÿ۱۶Ƿɣٸһᣬҿ϶һ𣡡
ڶһۣӳȻͷԼص18ǸʱķɻŮѣԼİҲûгȥһжûпʼ
ɻÿԼſڣӭųӳȻһѧ
ӳȻһҪڷɶԼǰҵһĻƢĴŮһЩʲôѵȰ

ʮķܾԼھӳȻ֣ÿԼˣǰ÷ǳա
磬ڽһͻȻԼš
ٱ磬Լ˻ʶĺ衯
ĸ߷ɣҪҸĻŮ̸ÿηɶڷʾԼʲô
ɣɵӲϲҰɣ
Ķס
1÷˫ֻ࣬б˴ˣջһһ᳡廪󣬾ƽƽܰС
21V1ģճ
3èдģ
ݱǩ ֮ ÷  У԰ 
ؼʣǣӳȻ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ŻԼ㣡
⣺ϧ£Ȱ
vipǿƽ
ӳȻͷɽˣֻӳȻ֪òãٸһᣬһҪѰ氮ȴʱһˣӳȻػ18ʱϲԼ÷
ķɡòͬӽдŮ֮䴿ĳӵഺСķȤĬ³ֵèD
(ƷϹvipǿư񽫻ô˽)


1 
ǼƵڵİｻӳȻںһЩϵĺӦꡣ
ӳȻڱӵΨһҲһտǣտСҲɻǷǳ׬ǮģرǴŪɹģ֮󣬻ǵصһˣξֵ˶ӳȻտǡ
رǵʱ򣬸ǵصĹ档
ʣ˭ʱտСϺأ
ӳȻ˸֣ȵ˵ʱһλ˵ķĲ壬ҡеĺƱڶӳȻܣ˵ÿ9׼ʱ绰ؼңǲİ
ӳȻһ̧ۿ˿λӦεЦЦ
ɲôλ÷Ż׼ʱ9ӸӳȻ绰ʲôʱܻؼңܽûȾƣ費Ҫȥ֮ơ
ŪӳȻ̳ǻᱻͬЦ
ֹԱߵŮʿ̵һͬеܿ޹ϣ㿴ɣϾҪ9ˣſ϶绰
˷׷ЦŪӳȻܲڡ
ӳȻ׼˵ʲôҵӵʱ򣬷ϵֻʾšɡ֡
㿴Ҿ˵ɡ
ܿӰɣ÷˵ȼˡ
ӳȻεľֻһۣƱ˵ѽѽλɱЦˣžˣⱭҾңһȳ
˷׷ЦӦӳȻⱭƣʰ뿪˰ᡣ
ȣӳȻĵıֻһۣԷѾ˵绰
˾û취ӳȻֻһ⳵ؼң˼ſڷ붼ˣʱĺߡ
ҲûӦ˵绰Ҳû˽ӡ
ˡ
ӳȻΣԼܲ˯ϰɣ
ȥҲƹˤֻ30%ĵͲ˸绰ԼԼĺȥưһ֡
ſڴȥ˳ȥľưɣһȥͱԴۡ
ӳȻȺ˰죬ҵԼʶĺҦҪһơ
Ҧ⸱ģͺЦ֪ӳȻŽˣ˿̺9ˣûؼҰ
ҪǷǰcallˣﻹưң
ⱻŹܵܵĹģٸһĻᣬҿ϶ͷɽ飡ӳȻǺˣеľƱߵĺ˵֪ÿϻؼҲܳ9㣬˰͵ûؼңӦҪǰ˯øҹ涨11֮ǰ
ӳȻͲˣҽ2811ǰ˯𣿣
ҦߣӳȻ߶߶˵һˣ̲ס˿Լϵı۳Ŷ10˾Ϳʼ֣ЦӯӯƳߵһۣ˵ϽȥɣŽѾ1Сʱˣ·ɵڶ鷳
ȥӳȻԼĳɳ˵绰绰ҷǲȥҪҹޣľһ档
ʵȥģɷɲˣʲô취
˰й
ýžͲţֲҲͨĵط
ȥƵ꿪䷿
ǮҦ裬ϾԼͷ200Ǯ㻨Ǯ
ҦӳȻĺ׳ﶼˣӳȻôĺѣӸʶ˵ͬһѧϤɵҲʮ˰ɣ
Լ˽ǰô˵ӲĲˣȻͷɣһ϶ƨƨߵĻȥˡ
ӳȻŲеıƣոյȷʴˣ˿۳žҪ10ӣƨϾ͸һסǲһһֻ
ûһϵֻŻĻ֡ɡ
ҦƳǱעһۣЦһھ˵绰ˡ
ӳȻĺˣŷɵĵ绰˰죬ָĻͣӺ󣬹Ҷˣ
١ҦҲû뵽ӳȻūô󣬾Ȼҹҷɵĵ绰ʱֿ˻ֻ˵õù
ôܵùӳȻҦ˵Ҹ㽲ҾͲȥˡҽͲӷɵ绰12֮ǰ˯Ҫҹ飡
Ҧ˸ۣͳֻӳȻ¼Ƶһ¼һ˵ӳȻո˵ʲôҵľͷظһ顣
ӳȻҲϣ˸ҮͶԾͷ˵ӳȻͲӷɵ绰12֮ǰ˯Ҫҹ飡
áҦ˸Ĵָ˵ãһȷɵ绰ˣҲô˵
䣬ӳȻֻǷɵĵ绰
ιţӳȻֻι˰죬ŷָûͨ绰۾绰֮ŶԵ绰˵ҽҪҹޣ㲻ҪٸҴ绰ˡ
ҲǾƺȵе࣬ӳȻ˵ʲô绰˵ʲôͳͳǵˣֻǵԼֻھưɵɳ˯˸ڵء
***
ѵʱӳȻûʶԼϵ˵ʲô
۾ͷ컨壬˺þòԴӴ
ӳϾɵļҾߺǰͲ¥ӳȻЩͷ۵ԴƵĿ˿Χѽ˵ҦŮˣôϷˣ
ӳȻסǺͷɵ¼ңߵСǰϷӿҪǨˣȻڣӳȻѾϵҹ˾Щˣȴû뵽һȻ˯صϼҡ
ϤеļҾߣӳȻֻ÷·һӻصʮǰɻûпһ£䲻뵽Լϵġ׳
˵ʲôţ
9֮ǰؼң12ǰ˯Ҫҹޣ÷ɲҪٸ绰ˡ
ӳȻ
ֲҦԼͻϷӣҪͻؼңԼܰˣ
ӳȻһæӴֻͳԿףڸϽؼҹ°Ӧûü
ʱӳȻƺﲻ̫ԡ
Ϸʵ̫ˣǺöûӡĺۼ֤ס̨ϻɹûüʰ·
ΪϷٽ֣Դ˿ӳȻ¥µĽġġ˵ģߺ߶߶˷
ӳȻǵϽΪиķϺܶˣϷһǨߺ
ɻ󲻽ʱ򣬺Ȼһݴ
ˡ
Ͼɵľû壬¾ӳȻϤﺰӳȻǸѧˣٲҪٵˣ
ӳȻԭ߹ȥģԽԽֱܹȥš
ľŵʱ򣬾ͿĳͲ¥ϣɾһոŵİһվſڣ峺Ӷǰˣ´ӳȻһۣ΢΢üͷ
üıҪ̫ϤԼÿηʱ⸱飬Сû
ôӣüͷս˶ӳȻ˵ѧϾҪٵˣôУû
˷ɵĻӳȻŷַɴһɫУһ˫лһдţ̡
ѧӳȻһʱûӦʲôѧţ
šӳȻʵǽе̫ȻˣڷҲ΢΢һ㶣ͬʱԭصĻӳȻĸĸ
ҲӳȻİ裬һӾǺˣŽ㡢Һʲôأ
ӳȻûü˼ɷɵͿԼĸĸʱɵˡ
ڽӲܣʵ֤ȷص˹ȥص˸һꡣ
ⱻŹܵܵĹģٸһĻᣬҿ϶ͷɽ飡
ưĻӳȻĿʱȷҪܻصǰ϶ͷһԼҲ˵˵ѣһ龹Ȼˡ
ӳȻĸĸΪ˫˫ȥ֮ԼǱɵĸĸչˣҲڷɼҹټϵ˵ϲ˱Ȼһ
һξȻʮꡣ
˿»ص˸꣬ӳȻһ־ƺһѡĻᡣ
ӳȻİְǹĹˣ˿ЦӯӯİʢСϣתͷԷ˵СɽȻȻɣѧǻ𣿡
ӳȻһۣ˵һѧУʽҪȥģôˣ
ӳȻҽԺĻƣ˿̻ͷ˻ԭصӳȻ˵ȻȻȥ·Ҹõ·ϳԡ
ŶӳȻԼʻĸĸӦһ¥ͺһûп˵ӰݴӹҵԼУãȻֱŤ֮󣬲ƿŶվݺ̵ķ˵߰ɡ
ڻеԺҪʱ侲һ£ҸĸҲҪϰģʲô黹ǵõȵ˵С
ڵҧܿһۣ˵أ
ӳȻţ
ʲô
ŶѧҪ
ӳȻ㶼磬æڴԼҵϣ˳ʵֻͳԿأ
ѧֻӳȻԾƳһۣ⺢ӽô£˯һôϷͿ
Цӯӯĳ㣬ԻƢİ˵׺ӣϽ߰ɣСɶȰˡ
Լ֣㿴ӳȻһۣ尢ûµġ
źʮЩķɣӳȻڵźù԰


2 
ϷӵѧУ벢Զ־͵ˡ
ӳȻãȻӦͦǿģ˽Լ
ǸϰѧڣԼĸĸûҲûиһ˻ǶĺѺھӣÿ϶ԼſڵӳȻѧ衣
˳ڲ˼죬һھӣС󼸺ͬһѧУ
ӳȻĸ󣬷ҾͿʼչӳȻҲһ𣬴׹ŮһӳȻͷɽ˻飬͸ǰѷɵİ赱Լİˡ
ӳȻǵãɵĸĸҹа̯տģҲ֪ڻǲǡ
ĵĿһߵˣķرİеĴţ̣һ·ҲûӳȻ˵仰ӳȻΪһʱûӦҲûи˵䡣
˿̷Ѿţ̣ſպ棬ӳȻԼƫͷʵôˣоֵֹġ
ӳȻգգ۾ŲĿ˵ܸ˯ѡ
Ҳûɻ󣬶ǿ첽ߵԱߵͰеţ̺˽ȥת˻ӳȻš
ԼܹȥܻӳȻĪľǾڵķɸɰ
ԲԣɻԼϸѵ
˸սʱ򻹲ֱ˼͹˾ĲȨʼһʼӳȻˡ˰ӦҪ9֮ǰҪؼңؼҾ绰߸ɴֱӹ
۸ʲôҪ11ǰ˯ȵʱɵҲֻǿӳȻĻʹżźòܶõ㻨Ǯ
ԣӳȻһϰ壬ÿµ㻨Ǯģһ´žֻ߰ٵ㻨ʣµĹ˾ȫڷɵĿڴ
Ҧ˵ǡūū޹ϡ
ӳȻԽԽԼոյ뷨δеƣڹԲԸʲôϵֲ˽顣
ǡһշްնһʮˣ˵¾ͷδ̫˰ɣ
ڷҲûԺļ䰡ⲻӳȻôѰһϲһˡ
ԼɽĻԺ˭һ
ӳȻԽĥԽԣСħһԶһ㣬һߵСʹȴſ˵㲻ȢԺɸ˽㶼ûطڣ
СʱѾѧУſڡ
˿̸ѧУſѾ½½ѧУſվһŴźµѧڰУա
ӳȻʱġ⡯һ£ʶԼؿûУա
ӳȻļеĽ̵ηǳϸûУղ۰༶֣ҪվϰӳȻȫ벻ԼУվԭһʱ֪Ӧôźá
ɲӳȻĲԾʶĿ˿ؿڣεĴ˹
Уˣƫͷѯ
ӳȻŽߵˣĬĬص˵ͷ
ɿ˿ڼĽ̵ΣְԼؿϵУժȻӳȻؿϡ
糿⻹ǽɫģڷɵϿžͺǶһɫĹ⣬ϵëĪӳȻࡣ
ɰУտۺã̧ۿӳȻ˵ҵģͷһҡ
ӳȻعô죿
û¡ɻͷӳȻһۣ˵ǺѧżǴһβҷվͲˣ̵λһֱ㣬鷳
ӳȻ֪Ӧ˵ʲô뿪ڣȴקק½ǣһҪ˵
۳ŷɾҪȥУſڣӳȻæܵһߣȻָָοյ˶˵ңȽȥȻٰУո㡣
ɿ˿ˣ˵ͷСĶ㣬5ӾҪٵˡ
ӳȻŷɵֳЦüۣ5Ӷѣҿ϶ٵ
ٵӹ˽̵εļ飬ӳȻȾΧǱȥһһ߸ĳվΧԱߵģԽࡣ
У½ɵʱֻĸˡ
ô£
ӳȻü춼ܿԼҲûʲôʱӿ˰ôһΣӳȻƲԼأ
ԶԶĿŷУսѧУɻͷ˽̵û߿æӳȻ֣ʾؽҡ
ػظĵһϣӳȻȻһƺϵ
***
һ죬Ϊѧ̨ݽȻĶЩӵĻӳȻǾýķɸĺÿ
ɵѧϰɼһֱͦãȶǰӳȻβһԼڿҲǸ漣
ص˽ҾͿʼΪһĿγ̣ӳȻԼλϣãȻĿԼǰԾ㶵Ž̨ʦĿγ̣Ӷʺš
˵ʲô
ԼӦҪʲô
ԾÿԼʶΪʲô
ӳȻʹԴʦһѵĿҵѧ˵Ͽ֮ǰҵ
Ҫҵ
ӳȻӸҵûôҵˣѧڼҲ60꣬䲻ԾһãȻ
˼ҴԽظǿ廪ãʽһɶ
һĿΣӳȻԼӶҪըˣʦĿβûջ˲ٵҵЩԾӳȻŶͷۣô
ӳȻšͻͻֱ̫Ѩʹʱ򣬷ʰ˶˹վӳȻӱ߶˵ѧôʰôԾҪ𣿡
ӳȻ۾ʹȱ˵ͷۡ
˼ôһѵԾҵء
˵⻰ӳȻ;úﲻ̫ԣһ̧ͷͿûлؼҵͬѧ׷תͷԼҲǵͨ죬ּĵ
ӳȻڲʶԼոպɺʲô
Ӵǰֻ֪ϵãû뵽ˡＸֵͬѧЦſӳȻͷɣЦ˵ڽСšԺʲô
ԾͻͷЩͬѧһۣȻֵλϵӳȻһۣʲôû˵תˡ
˲俪ʼ壬ӳȻüЩͬѧµʲôʲôҰзǹܵ𣬻ôҲ½ͷ
˵꣬һԵİҵԼæ׷ŷɵĽŲ˹ȥ
ɽų̲죬ӳȻ׷Ҳſ¥ݣæ˹ȥ
ɣɷɣ
ӳȻ¥ݣ׷ŷɾ˹˵Ķ˵ǲ˰
ͣ½Ųͷһۣ糺Ķ˵ˡ
ӳȻţ
ӳȻظΡšˡ
˵šֵʱӳȻŷˡ
ⰡӳȻԱЦüۣս˶Է˵͸Ƣôô
𾪵Ŀǰˣʶĺһ˵֪˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲô
ӳȻ˷ôˣ䲻Ľ˳Ҳûʲô˵İɣ
ɿŷƺˣӳȻӣǸԲ𰡣Ժ󡭡ҾͲˡ


3 
ӳȻԷ˵ţӦǵǸĻɴӶԷ˵ĪһɬУӳȻɵ񶼱òζ
ӿ΢΢˸
ʵɳ÷ǳƯССͣĴһӤʣͳķɲͦ󣬿Ÿɰˡ
ӳȻЦЦӶˣŤͷȥ첽ѧУſȥ
һˣӳȻ͸æ׷ȥһ׷һʦõҵܽҳһһⶼᡣ
ΪϷŪܵĸˡ
ѧҵʱ춼еˣϤӳȻÿһԭϡƽĵطŶ顣
ʮǰϽֻûои죬ͨ˴·ߵӶڵ·ϣķǳӵ·еŵĶǸľϽ￪˳гʹʹӳȻؼȫȣǲӵ
ûӳȻ߶ãϽְ̯ÿϷ㶼æʱԷɻȥææʱŻؼдҵ
ӳȻԭɸ𣬿СƺΪ˶ԷΡšĹĵĳӳȻһۣתˡ
ŷʧȺеıӰӳȻ˵ζ
ǰɹŵʱ춼ʹ࣬ڵصǰӳȻ־÷ɲܲζ
˹ܲʹ죬û˹Ҳʹ졣
ӳȻԼԼ
еԵ·ͻȻchuaһӳȻź֪æԼҵķȥ
ϽֽСԺӣϾɳͲ¥ʲôУҼһðӳȻܵԼſڣĿӴ󿪵ģֻԺлƬ̡
ڰӣ۳ԼŮܻȻȻĴûˣ¥һƿҪ״ףҪףպӳԡ
ӳȻԼֱֻȾѩףߦƤҨһڶ¾˰ְֵԲӣȻڶֵܽһ
ʲôƵ¿ȥֽе£˵ߵܻԷ
衭
ӳȻһݾֱ˵褵Ļŵ褸æ˫֣۲䵽ӳȻϡ
ôˣƵĿǲǷʲôˣͻȻҰ
ӳȻҡͷʰһԼųЦû£ȥ¥ס
褺ɵĿһۣԼŮûɶ¸ͻȻԼӳҲûôˣ϶ʲô
ôˣ׷ʵǲѧУʲôˣ㷸ˣ
ӳȻ̲סЦ˳û£ǡˡ
褵һۣȴҲЦüۣ⺢ӣö˶˵ʲô
ӳȻ褳µʱڸϰѧڡʱӳȻչ18գֶݵʶԼܲϲкӣԼĸĸ̹顣
ӳȻԼĸĸ˰ҲӳȻĻ·Լһصļҡɾڻؼҵ·ϳ⣬˭ûлԭ֮ܰһӾͳ顣
ӳȻһֱøĸΪԼøĸ°ؼҵĻҲͲᷢ顣
ʱٿĸʻվԼǰӳȻǴÿĺ͸ˡ
һΣԲⷢ
***
Ͼɵгӹ°ֵ࣬ϽֽСͿԼҵƻͨһݾŵĽζЦüۿŮ治˼ڹд˷ݲϣǶ˰ɣ
褿һɷһɫĹװµȰѹװˣһζϽϴֳԷٲԽӾˡ
ƢãЦӯӯҲ˹ϴ֣ϡ
˵Ҳǣÿ˼æӰ˵²ϺƵѰ˼Ӱ࣬Ҫǹ˭أ
ҾǶֵ࣬ҹҲͻô
㰡㣬úˡ
ӳȻŲϵĸĸ죬ȻǼӰ࣬ҲԸһֱԷһڴһŽ죬Ҳܰ
褰ӵĺܺãװֵĽ¹ȦûһƵģӳȻͰĽӣڶʮûԵˡ
ŮԵ̻ʣ褲Թ˵ٳԵ㣬ƽҲûôܳ԰
ԼһСƣֺǺǵ˵ѧˣԵ¡
褵һۣȺȺȣ˵˲ҪȾơ
˵ⲻнô쳤ؾá
㻰ࡣ
ٺ١
ӳȻ̧ͷƳһԼƢõĸףԼԺŵëҲŴ
ҳԱˡ
ԼĽӣӳȻ׼طдҵڶڳûֻɨ⣬ЩԾô졣
ȵȡԾ͸æһɾĲС˹ѽһ棬ӳȻ˵Ӱе࣬͹ȥԣ˼Ӵϻð̯Ҳף㻹ûء
ͽӣ
ӳȻǰʱһ֪ǰ˹ϵã˭˷˶ǻһȥҲΪϵãԷҲչӳȻôá
ӳȻеĽӣʱͿ
ÿȥɡ
ŲΪˣȫΪԼЩȫᣬѧʱʷܲܽԼɻȥһ顣
ԣȥܲܳҵŲȥţ
Ų裬ӳȻŲ¥ȥǵ÷ɼտ̯λãϽֵһԼѧҵҲæշҵտ̯ûͿһܴտǡ
Ȼúᵱ£ڵӳȻȫµԼտʲôĻǵԺٿǡ
ɣ
ӳȻվӿڿˣ컹ţտ̯ûôˣΪã²ȥš
ӱͲ·߰ڵĻСټϿŲѣӳȻһŲһ߳ӰˣҸ͵㣬ǳԹ𣿡
ӳȻ͸æӺ˳һ߸ߵβϴһΧȹ˫ŻɫĽƤף滹вĭƺոǺϴӡ
ȻȻ˰ɵİæԾ̧ͷӳȻЦô˼ϳҶǼҿ㴮ϡ
ӳȻЦ¶˿С÷˵¿ôھ˻ʲôðϹæˣǼҶԱˣ治Ҫ治Ҫ
һۻվԭصķɣЦ˵ԷҸ˽һҳȳԡ
Ŀһۣ첽߹ӳȻ־ߣӳȻ֪Լ˵˻Цӯӯĳɰ˵ҸС˵仰æ
۳ӳȻͷɽ˺ĳɵİŴյһ࿴һۡ
ȻȻ⺢ӡոսʲô


4 
ӳȻȫûʶԼոպɰʲôϾ˽ôˣɰ͸סһ캰Ķɼˡ
ڷŤͷɫõĶ˵ʱӳȻź֪Ӧ
֮ǰͬѧǰҡšˣôҰС衯أһ־ӳȻЦܲЦЩ̫ˡ
ӳȻ㶣ʵҸոպ𣿡
ƽĿǻش⡣
ҡҿܾ˵ϰˡӳȻ΢΢۾͸æ˸ڣӦûû˯ѣеͿǹ⺰ġ
ɲţӳȻֲһ䣺ġ
Ҳ֪ӳȻһģһǼٵġ
18껹ǸĺӣƤֱ챻ǺǺģǲڣӳȻһ۲ŵ˵´αЦˡ
ӳȻ˵ͷ
ʵͦǷɰ棬˸ָĴ涳һЩƷмܴ裬Űɫ꣬ɸոӦþϴЩ
Է𣿡ӳȻǰˣ
ɴӷѧæпճԷأԱҡҡͷ
ӳȻҡͷһ۳ž͵8ˣûԷǲöӣȻӳȻںɨһȦĶһԿӣһ˫Ӳ𿪣һӵݵ˷ɵߡ
ȵĽ촽ɺ΢΢󣬿ӳȻĲ⡣
ԵӰɡӳȻЦ˵Ľرóԣ㳢
ɲûԹĽӣֻӳȻôͻȻιԼˣ
ɽھϣҲӳȻôһֱţɱ㻺ſ죬һڳһӡ
ôӳȻƫͷŷɣѯʵó𣿡
褵ĽӰƤڴ󣬷һڳȥǻŵģӹĹңžһֻʳСӡ
ӳȻԽԽ÷ɿɰԼ18껹Сӣʼ޷ڵķɺԺķϵһܾڵķɸɰһ㡣
ô˵ſɰء
ӳȻȻ²䣬ɿŷɳһӱֿٵĸȥһȻľǷų˺öķһҪҪȵˮҭҭûţ
ɲûôأҡҡͷʾҪˮӳȻһӡ
߰˸ӣڳԲˣҡҡͷʾԼˡ
аȡӳȻֽɲ˲죬ȻȻİùֽԷ˵ҰѽӸ֡尢̣Щţһϴ
۳ӳȻţܾڵĲ̫Ծ
ǰϵȻͦõģҲιֲģŪ÷ɶٻЩ̫ڡ
ܿ죬ӳȻͻˣʱϻһɫסݾͳЦЦ˵ȥԱһˢ
ҡҡͷ˵æȥɡ
ӳȻȴͬ⣺ӷѧæڷûԣ϶ҲûϢȥǱŰС
ɱĻ˵ҵģʵͦñ֪ҵ顣ѧϰãģҲʦͬѧĺѧҵʵǲôɾտһæζеʱԼԼ
СıȽǿȻû˵ʲôֵĻȴҲȷ̫Ըñ֪Լ顣
ӳȻǸСһ𳤴ģ˴׶԰ͬ࣬ھӣԼҵƱȷɻҪ
ӳȻˢվҲЩ̫˼˸СӳȻߣ̧ͷ˵Ҹһܿ㡣
ӳȻҲУϽŪϽؼдҵ
տ̯⻹ˢɰһ裬ںˢ۵˵9ˣǱæˣȥϢɡ
˵ţԷ˵ؼдҵ˯ҸֺҹܻؼңǵðŴá
ɵ˵ͷӳȻͳЦûϵ尢̣һҸСһؼҡ
ЦüۣӳȻ˵һ°ǿ˵㴮ȥԣǰԵġ
ӳȻܾ˱ֻܽˣȵһԷﶼ⣬Ŷġ
9ӵ·ѾˣɷѧæҲֻһʱ·Уͺһ𣬻ؼһҪڷһϣȻڶ춼һζ
ڻС·ϣӳȻտζĶӹĽУǿ϶Բ˶٣ʱʣµĴԼһȫ꣬϶ܺóԡ
ţӳȻŷһ·Ϸɶû˵Сû·ӵĻ͸Եðˡ
ͷ˿ɣʵôˣһ·϶˵
ҡҡͷԼУ˵ûʲô
ǲˢˢеˣӳȻͣ½ŲԷ˵Ҫˣͽȥæ˸ɻҲ졣
ҡͷˣö˶˵ʲôæ
ӳȻȴЦô࡭
˲øİ
΢΢üһĿӳȻͿӳȻյӶԷ˵ҵ˼ʶôˣˢˢҲûʲô˵ģǧҪ롣
õ˵ʲô˼
üӳȻϿʼͺܹŹ֡
ǲʲôҰ֡
ӳȻεЦŶԷ˵ҺõúܣĴһûдҵҾȻؼˣ
ԶӳȻɾ;úơ
סͬһ¥ô
***
Ҫ˵ϰ£ķǳ¡
ӳȻԭҷɣȻʿܲܳһҵ˭֪Լô͹ȥæˢأˢصңӳȻһԼҵûд
æͳԾʼдҵѧҵأһϾʮžӣдӳȻǻڵء
Ҫǵ10ӳȻ˯ˡ
û11ǰҪϴ˯ϰĿӳȻDNAǴԽ˻صʮǰҲɵ11˯
ҵûд갡ӳȻֵӲͷƤдҵддʶͿʼģˣ11㻹ûſԾ˯ˣһ˯˰ҹ2ࡣ
ᱳʹӳȻֻоľ
ƹˤʲҵ˭˭Ҫ˯ģ
Եڶ峿ֵһдţ̹ӳȻŵʱ򣬱㱻һץҡ
ɣҵĺ÷ɡӳȻ˰϶˵ˣҵҳһɣ׼10֮ھܳꡣ
ɱӳȻżǽϣ˶µģȻ˵Ҫ賭ҵ΢΢üӳȻ˵㶼ôҵϲҵô
ӳȻĹô࣬ڵץסǰС
ҵԺ˵˵Ժҵ˾ȥҸ㵱С㵱ϰءӳȻһ˵ţһ߰ѷɵ˹ʼĿŵĲԾˡ
죬ȴҲ֪Ӧ˵ʲôֻƵ̾˿ԼѰ˸طţźһȥѧ


5 
ӳȻһ㡭һ㡭
ɱӳȻţһŰ۵С˵ģͷûӳȻߣҲûӳȻĳʱô档
ӳȻعͷ˼ҪܲķһۣЦܰһǾ͸óٵˡ
ܵǰ˵ΪҪҵԲųٵҪдڡ
ȷ߶߶Ļ˵꣬ӳȻһץһܻһ˵˵̵رʮɱ˵ˣǸϽߣ

ԭʹʮʲô£ӳȻѧУܣ۵ķɸûп˵
ѧУſѾˣ̵ξվſڿʱ䣬һתͷͿӳȻŷУſܣüͷһ塣
һȡ
̵һʮӣе΢΢һɫ߿۾Ҳǵʦˣü۶ǳʱסӳȻĿͷ֮˺ܾá
ӳȻĶˣУ˰ҲУ˰ôأ
ʦӳȻĿʲô𣿡
̵γˣ˵Ҫ·׷֣泵˶࣬ײô죿
ӳȻԱ˿Խ̵¶˸ЦݣллʦģȽȥˣҪٵˡ
ȥȥɡ̵λ˻֣ˡ
˸æĬ߽У԰ɴԼҲ½̵Σ˿̽ӳȻԶų˿
ӳȻŶԷųЦüۣôˣѧҲʦ
ɵһۣЩ˵˭ʦ㲻𣿡
˵ʵǰӳȻܻ£ڵŲ¡
ԼֻҪΥУ棬ʵֵġúӡʦʲôʸԼСӿܻʦʹ˾ӳȻͶǳˣȻԼ뷨
ŷɱԷ˵ʲôµģԺ㡣
ɲŲӳȻķ軰ӳȻ֣˳˵ȽϺá
߰ɡɿһۿյУ԰ӳȻ˵ٲؽҾͳٵˡ
ӳȻŷӦæŷɵ¥ܣϲ˽ҡ
˸յңͿˣͬѧҲյѧУûã˿̿ӳȻǣŷɵ˽ʮ˫۾׷׶ˡ
ѣ
ڿ߽ļ˿ӳȻͷɣЦ˵պţǣѧ˰
ӳȻ֪ͷɹϵãҲôܰɣ
Ѳɣһˣ
˵꣬Ǽ˱׷Цﶼǲ⡣
18ĺǶû죬һѧϰǼֶͥӣ˵Ҳ˼˵ʲô˵ʲô
˵ӳȻŷǳ᲻ԵС
˵ԼʶĳĬˣ漴ɿӳȻֿһۣתȥԼλá
Ǽ˿⸱ЦŪӳȻܲ졣
ȷβͷһ𣬿Ҳñ۸ԼǰޡʱƢˣǼŮͬѧ˵һľôôҸôѧУģҪָָ㣿
ӳȻô˰ڨЦǿЦô
˾úЦĲЦЦĲЦӳȻƳһۣƽ˵ҪôУ¥Ȧȥȱ飬ùʫʸ踳úϴϴǵ졣
˴Լû뵽ӳȻȻһλϣֱνݲüȾǽˣİ඼ϰڸ
ǸĽʦһӳȻͲ˵üӳȻվŸʲôʲôʱ򻹲λȥ
ӳȻûӣֻλ
ҲӳȻǷͬѧǶ˵㣬ϰû˸̸ͷɵˣӳȻҲûԹԽҵ
ɾӳȻǰŲԶһϰģ͵͵Ŀ˿ںˣĸطƺ̫Ծ
ǵͬһ׶԰ϳļ׶԰ﺢӲָ࣬ӳȻھӣȻ춼Ӥһһ
ɻǵӳȻСʱºڣ褶ְҽԺеʱҪֵҹ࣬ԵҹˣͰӳȻڷɼңһ˯
ǸʱӳȻͷ˯һСͼһŴϡ
ɼǵӳȻ˯ʱǻԼֲ˯ðģֻҪԼһ֣ӳȻͻںҹһ۾ĿŷɣȥϲҪںš
ԷһֱΪԼչӳȻܾãȴû뵽֪ʲôʱӳȻѾñԼҪߣܵıҪ졣
ԼģҲ֪ȼ䴿ţܲٳ֡
***
ϰСÿȥҲ죬ͬѧҲÿеĶİԣѧҵͦأ˵ڶڿΣӳȻԭѵѾһ࣬ﹾ˹˵ðݡ
һˣȫǲ֪ʶ㣬ôֻС˵ɣϿθҲûʲôˣ
λܳȥǣֹȲȷһѧѧΣڲſеˡ
֪صپһθ߿Ը9ǰؼң11֮ǰϴ˯
Ƶ̾˿ӳȻǰ鱾ÿٿܲȥˣԼôҲǸ߿ٶˣܲһĨڰɣ
ɺܿ죬ӳȻ͸оһĨھǸʲô״̬ˡ
ڶÿǰεĿΣɸľȻһˡ
ҦԼ·վڰߣһɫСţƤӢɫĳйоصԺ˸͵͵β΢΢ž˿̷ǳƽվڽ̨ϡ
ҽһ¡ζ۶Ǻѧ˵תУԺ͸һѧϰˣһӭӭ
տѧûþתͬѧҶѧݣӳȻǰŵŮһֹǸͷİɣźƯһ˲Ǯ
ֹ㿴ǼףҼǵ̳רһɣ
һࣿǸ𣿡
ӳȻֳԴƽ͵룺ҦҺֹǸǮǲ˵Ǽһ׻˵һء
һ뵽⣬ӳȻ̲סЦ
Ҧվ̨˽ȻӳȻôЦĿϡ
ĿԣͿӳȻÿͺ

Ҧ˲һѾܾöûôԼˣİͬѧʶԼ
Ҧ˼ʱ򣬰ξͿһۣ˵ͬѧҽһ°ɡ
ҦŲĿε˵ͷԹԵѲһȦŵҽҦƽĽԺҶա


6 
ӳȻϿε״̬΢ôһ㣬ٿЩʾˣʮǰļҲʼָһЩɬѶĹʫֻҪһ飬Ͳһֱӵ˳
׵ġ
ʦʼӳȻαķǳ죬ҶҪѧϰЩӲĶͷ⣬˭ҪǶЩֻؼҳдһٱ齻
պԼĿαӳȻű
ڴԼЩҵС˵ΪʲôôˣΪľ˹һ˻ѧĶԼͻˣȱ֪ʶԼȥѧġ
ӳȻҪӲ̫ʹĻⱲӵѧҲ׾ٵġ
Էʱ򣬷һߵӳȻӱߣʳָؽӣͷ˵ʲô
ʳʲôʲôɡӳȻ̧ͷЦ˵㰮Ϸ𣿡
ƺû˵ƵĿϷʲôۣó𣿡
ӳȻͿڲԶҦʺϵĶͣ˶䡣
ʳûİɣӳȻԷ˵ǸζģǳиζеŹֵ϶ϲ
ɱƵҶûԣô֪ϲϲ
ӳȻ֪ܲôʳͳŴװϷۣɰҹҪȻԼһ룬ҪȻǰӳȻ´Լһ롣
ԣӳȻ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ǰԵġ
˷֮⣬ӳȻ֪һϲԡ
Ҧ
ӳȻعͷ׼ʰҦЦüۣһȥϷ𣿡
ҦվԭؿӳȻܾλͬѧ̫ԾÿͽԼʱ򣬻Ϸ۵ʱҦܾöԷ֪һЩԼʲô
üӳȻ˵ˣҳʳá
۳Ҧ뿪˽ңɲŵͷӳȻ˵㿴˼Ҳ㡣
ӳȻӵҲûڵҦϤСҲûʲôֵúͷһȥԡ
ѧУвٵСԣҴ涼СֻܷӡӳȻϷҲСֻһڵָָۡ
ȻССģɻҲɾټʮǰгֶǻûаϷ۵ʳӳȻеĵӦòࡣ
Ҫۺ˸λ
£ɾ͡סһȻ֪ﱧһֻ̤ѩè
Сè䡣ɰèϣӳȻЦ˵㿴ǲǺܿɰ
èԼǾĿߣ˿̱ɱڻҲһ˫۾ضǰˣСС
СèҲ󣬾ݾݵģҲë׵ģֿɰճˣ˿ԴɵĻﶥӳȻͿèģﶼᡣ
èˡӳȻӿڴֽݸ˵һҪԷˡ
ɺ᲻ֻСè䣬۳ϰϷ۹ˣֻɿèʳָָĵ˵Сӡ
ϰϷ۷ǰôϲСèЦСèܹԵģŰꡣ
ţĺܿɰ۳ֻèԱߵצӣµȥſˡ
緹ĵ㣬ɵɿտյģֻӳȻͷڳԡ
ͷһγֶʵĲˣոӳȻ˵۳ģһŵǲó󣬶ģһʲô͵ζ
һڣɶӳȻ˵ͦóԵİҲ
ӳȻԾЦüۣҾ֪ϲ
ûĿˣϰԱߵűдд㣬ƺˣ˶Щüġ
ӳȻҲµⲻζȷһʱܵ˱Ƚ٣һЩˣҪƿϡѧУԱߵĵҪٶĶҲ󲻵ȥ˷£Ҳͻ˲30Ǯ
ҪԺ󣬶ӳȻһȵġ
ǮӳȻŵϰ㣬Ŷ˵ϰ岻÷ٹ϶кܶϲġ
ϰΪӳȻڰοЦǰλɬѧ˵ⲻҿ˶ԴԴϣǼһʮˣҪǷǩһ꣬Ҳ͹ˡ
ӳȻЦ˵ϰ˵ɥҪҾټ꿴ʱĵ϶Χġ
һûӦӳȻǮ뿪ˡ
˿̷ſָŪֻèСèԼǺϲɣڵϴŹֻ׺Сȥץɣ۳ǷצӾҪӵɵָӳȻһȭͷסˡ
СèצӳȻֱһɫӡӣȻҲˣæܹǸ
Ĳ˼ҸæӳȻͣСèģҪǲٴɣ
ӳȻһԼֱһǳǳӡӣûƤ
û¡ӳȻԵ˵ƤûƲҪģȥæɣҲҪѧУˡ
ҲܵץӳȻ뿴ͱһס
ȥٿӳȻһɾͽȥѧУˡ
ɿ˿ԶУţ˵ͷͬˡ
ڲٳɰӳȻַڱˮͷ³˳壬ǵǳǳӡӱˮһͲˣɻЩĵ˵Ĳȥ𣿡
ˡӳȻ˵СèһºҾǸӡҲûѪġ
üӳȻ˵ĺֵֺû
ǰСӳȻ촽˵㣬èʱԼָСèǺ˺ģҪǰָˣôϿΣ
ոҪӳȻסɵָڹڳˮľԼָͷˡ
û¡ɵ˵
ϲǻðˢôˮȾ˲ضˣ
Ҳû¡
ɻӲǸԺһģһ
ӳȻҲûƢֻö˵ĲˣǻؽҰɡ
ɵ˵ͷš
ӳȻ˵ҽ챻Сèӵ飬㲻ҪҰ裬Ҳ˵
ɣš
ӳȻдҵʱҲҳһɡ
ɣš
ţ
̧ͷҪҵ
ʰӳȻЦΪҲᰡ
ˡ
***
ĿϵĻ˯ĩ컹ôȣСĽﶼǺζѬӳȻͷۻ
˷ѧʱܴһʰһ룬ѵԼػһӾ͵ôѧѧһ
ǲҲ̫û˼ˣ
ӳȻûֻûгȥȫԼȣټӸ
ڵĳй滮ﻹûеȥﶼĲ㡣
һͬʰ׼ؼҵҦõ취С
Ҧ·ӳȻλԵʱӳȻһ쳤־͹סҦҦعͷ¶˸ƯС
ӳȻ˵ȥһģ


7 
ҦǰλİͬѧǵһУȥϷۣԼܾˣȴû뵽ȵ˷ѧԼ˵Ҫһġ
ôķĵʲôҦȻҲ˵̫ࡣ
ϾԼתѧԭģ֪Լʲôʱ뿪ôƼˮİͬѧȥ
һС̫ô죿
˼˾ѾſڵˡҦ°СԴñǿ׳ӳȻ˵ʲôԺİɡ
˿̰༶ѧû꣬Ҧ˵˾׷Ťͷ˹
Ǹﶼ˾
ѧУﰡ
˭֪
Χ˵˽ҦܲͷһЩ˵ſ˵ʲôȴԼ׵ĶջǱ죬һŤͷ͵û
ӳȻֻƳһЩˣֺ֮ǰԼͷͬһȺˡ
ĵĽ
˼ҼûǮʲô£ӳȻƫͷ˵Ҫ˼ҵķ𣿡
ڿ俴ֵĳ褵˶һ㶣üͷӳȻǲвܵҲ̫˰ɣ
ҹܵĿӳȻµ˵˼л˼һûƽء
ҦǰˣͿӳȻҲ̧ͷ
ӳȻԼĶץҦ־Ͷ˵Ⱥˣߡ
˵ţĿ֮Ҧš
һ䣬ſʰķɣͳЦ˵ɣűŮˣûһۣ㶼
ϵĶͣһ£ûлͷȥ
褿⸱ģص÷ôҵΪϵأǿǮƯС椾ˣ˵˼Ҷûġ
΢΢˸һ£ͷ˳һۡ
ʲôƵĿ˵ʲô𣿡
ɷŸ˼ƽϣԼ㾶ֱߵˡ
ͬʱӳȻҦȾͷһսңû˵ĺõط
Ҧ˦ӳȻ֣Ưüͷ΢΢ţӳȻ˵Ҫ˵ʲô
ӳȻͷһۣ˵ʵһܡ
ҦƳһۡ
ȷ˲ʲôС̫ˣС̫õĿģ˰˳Ӳ
ûȤ̽˵˽Ҧ˵ûʲôҾͻȥˣ˾ѧУſڵҡ

ҦһӳȻ־סˣͷǰˣʵô֪ƺģ
һֱ˽С˷ǳе֮˶ôУҦǰİŮͬѧܾƺʲôܡ
ӳȻЦ֪ܶ飬֪ӹѧУתΪ˶衣Ҳ֪Ŀǰڴ˾㻹ûø˭԰ɣ
ҦüͷɵĿӳȻʵ˭
ҽӳȻӳȻ˵ʮõѡ
Ҧ
ԭǸɵӣǸӡ
򴽽ǣض˵ȻҲ֪Ǵ֪ҵ飬Ҹ㲻죬ҲʲôǣԺˡ
ӳȻȴ˵ôܲأ֪ҵסַ֪Сѧ3ͻ֪һϲʱİΡ
Ҧ˵ȥӳȻ춼֣
㡢ô֪ģҦΪ𾪣֪飬֪ļͥסַЩ˵֪3꼶ԼһϲˣЩܹϵǲ֪ģ
ҦǸˣȻܰ鵽˵رǳǼ£˭û˵ǰô֪ģ
Ѳɣʮˣ
Ҧôһ룬ɫ͸ˣѵҲˣ
ӳȻ̬ȴܺãɫҦЦԼ˵ҪңԺܺõѡ
Ҧ̬ҪˣӳȻһʱ֮Ҳ֪ӦӦĻ
ӳȻ˵ڣܺúһ𣿡
ҦĿһۣ˵˾ȷѧУſڵңлͳ˵
áӳȻȷЩҪҵæ
***
ϰ˵ϽﻹǷǳֵģǳԱ˷ˣмӰؼҵˡ
ӳȻеĶߣ˵ĺС
ɵ÷кȻȻС˰Թ𣿡
Թˣ衭鷳һ°ɡӳȻЦӯӯĳ÷˵˵ͺ졣
Ӵæء÷ӳȻ˵ںأֱӹȥɡ
ã
ӳȻ·ҵ˷ɣǰǯӴ߹ЦСڸʲôأ
Ծ̧ͷһۣͷǯӴ⴮û
ˣ
ӳȻԴҦ֮صңŷַɾȻûеԼˣö룬ӳȻ֪Լſ϶ǳԴˡ
˻ȷǶͳԴףҲ˵ԼԴˣǸӳȻֱŤôѾȫλ˽ˣοڵСɡ
Ǽ¶дϣӳȻһƾƼˡ
ҽҦȥ˵飬ͱˡӳȻĶڷǰ˵㿴ҸСӣõҶ˷ѽȺ㳢
ɲӳȻ۰Ͱ͵ĿķЩˡ
ԼӳȻСʶˣΪʲôǸҦһ־ӳȻôģ
ģҲ֪Լô£ֻһ뵽ѧӳȻԼһʱ͸оرܡ
÷ôҵΪϵأǿǮƯС椾ˣ˵˼Ҷûġ
褵Ļ˿̸ڷɵоˡ
ǰӳȻĲԷǲûġ
ӳȻɶëëģǩһСӾ˷ɵȻԷ˵ȳԣʣµ㴮
ŻȺСӣͿӳȻľϣϴ֮Ϳʼ
ԭɻ᲻ᣬɿӳȻĲģ͸档
ϴ֣ȥһֵζŰһСԱߣӳȻ⴮˵ôᴮģ
ӳȻû˵ܲ˵Ҷ˸տǰɣ
˵ڡ
ɹԹԵԱ߳СӣԼǶˣҲС죬һһԵܿͰһСӳԵĸɸɾ
ӳȻԳͺЦó𣿡
ɵ˵ͷȻһСӵ˹ӳȻЦüſڳȥ
ͶιСӵʱ򣬷ɵ÷ÿӣһ˵ôȻȻˣ
ûµģ衭̡ӳȻŶ˵ʲô𣿡


8 
÷ӳȻֿ˿ڳԶķɣε˵ҵд𣿡
ӳȻǿ϶ûд꣬ڶڷÿҵӦôءɸûд꣬ѧҪæڲŰ˵̯࣬λæء
˶ҡͷ÷̾˿Χȹ˸ϴװɢɢǮ
ͳƱӵݸɣԶ˵ҲæˣЩҺͷһŪȥԵ㶫ɣͻؼҵ
ɿ˿ʱ䣬Ķڻ˵أڰһ
ò㡣÷üͷ˵ڶˣǰÿ춼æˣȻȻȻȥúðҵдꡣ
ź÷ĻеĶǿĿԼһۣ˵æҲæѧ⼸£Ҳû˰ʱ˵Ҳæġ
æ÷ѵ⺢Ӿǲ㿴ڻǸѧһúѧϰ𣿡
ӳȻ۳ĸŮҪˣæǰס˷衣
÷ǵ춹ģദ˾֪Ǻձּҳÿ춼˵ݻ¾˵Ϊ㡯ǸжԼʽĽʽŪ󻹸Ůϵá
ӳȻ͸Լλ衯ģ֪ô˵ûҪ˳ǾֻԽԽס
̰̣ҲӳȻź÷˵Ҳæⲻչæô
ϡæ÷ѧǺúѧϰ̯λܸʲôȱ˹
۳ź÷Ҫ˵ػˣӳȻæס˵ô˵ҲǣϾһˣﻥҲ
ֶԺ÷˵һҴȥԵ㷹ӦûûԶأҸСԵĿɿˣǶˡ
÷һ̾˿ӳȻ˵Ҫ¾ͺˡ
˵ģҪǲÿæ𣿡ӳȻ˺÷Űͳ˺ǰ÷ӳȻúôȥԵ㶫
ߺӳȻվһԵķɣ̲ס촽Ц̾Ƣ
ɿһۣ˳˵ɤҲ󡣡
ǣɤŲġӳȻϵĶʰһ£컹ȣЩⲻܷ棬ȻûСʱͻˡ
ͷһʰ˱䣬ϴϴ֣ŸŶ뿪˳
ûдǰ뿪źһ·
Ӻ͵غӵĽֵ·ߺܶɢе˼ҾűԴȥӵһƬ͡
ӳȻһ۱Уķɣʵʲô㡣
ε˵Ǯɣ
ӳȻЦúܿģԷ˵УҰŰɣ㿴ʲô
Ķˣ·ߵС룬ѡһ߹ݡ
˵ߣҪӳȻǲôҵζʵ̫ˣӳȻĻ䣬ҲԵĸ⿪ġ
Ա˾׼ʰȥˡ
·ߣӳȻ˸ճͿվ·ߵ·£ϸĲͷӳȻҲ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥһȺɫСɶˡ
ʲôأӳȻ΢΢۾ЩʲôŷԱߣһһѵúõĿʲôӰҪǵ񲻶İ
ɴԼҲǻǸСһͳӳȻ˵˵İ
Ļ̧ͷӳȻε˵ǲɵ
û˵ӳȻץԼ֣ҹ紵ĺӰߡű紵ĺɫ棬ҲԼǰӳȻıӰһһĿĵĸ
ӳȻ
ãɲŵѧҦ˵ʲô
ʵɲģʵӳȻǲͬ˵ƯǮŮͬѧԼĴڣкǸתУˡ
÷18꣬ӳȻǲĴûԼϹġ
ӳȻȴ֪ɵ뷨Ϊֻǵѯһ£Ҳû룬˵ѣһĶѡ
ɵشüۣô
ûмʣӳȻҲûش˾ƵںӰţܿ͵С档
ҵҵûӳȻ뿪ڣͱɸˡ
ٳˡɺĶǰ˵㲻ҿԽ㣬㲻춼ҵҵ𣿡
ӳȻգգ۾˵ôҳҵ
ɺɸֵĿӳȻ˵ҵҼɣһд
ӳȻ룬ЦӯӯӦãңȥҵ
ؼһҵɼϣ˾סͲ¥ͬһ㣬ӳȻƿŵʱͿɸջ·̧ͷӳȻһ۾Լ
Ȼͷߣĺϸȳƣ·ֱ̿÷ɵļһࡣ
ӳȻͿϸȥԼߵʱһɺܵܵζӳȻ˺ܶ꣬ϤĲϤ
ﰲܹ˵ĺӳȻĿʼرǵԽԽʱ
ҿ㶼˺üˣ㽲ɡ
ɿߵͬһʽ˵׶Ӧ⡭
ӳȻҲ̫ɽĵʲôֻöԷϸͷɨļ˿ĸŵԷϤζӳȻܸܵϵȡ
ʽĵ֨֨ѽѽҡͷɵ鷢ʱӳȻͿ쵽˶ŤͷʧӳȻ𣿡
ӳȻֻеڸ˿ڷֻܵͷĵ뷨˵ͷ
ɲֱӼȥдҵӳȻȴôܾ
ͷϷޣڸտʼЩȷȣͷҲܻȣϾᣬǻڲټ֤ȻǴƵ
ʱƣ˶Ա˴˶ѾϤˣȵȻûǰôƵټӳȻ÷ɹ̫ܵˣͲ̫ƤӳȻȻҲȥǶԷ
ӳȻѾûкͷˡ
ԾϵѾʼңӳȻôȥ۽ȴƳ޳ĽëԲ촽Լɫ촽
ᱡĶ¶İǣƤ׵ţһؿ΢΢¡ϡܹڿ̽ɫ¡
ӳȻѱˣҧź۾
ů˼ôܿСС͵ķɺ˼أ
ӳȻǵƤĴУ촽ϵζԼԼĴ۾Ϣ
ᡯһӳȻӷվɫѿԼԾľߣĿİĶԷ˵ҡһ£Ȼȥˡ
ż˵ĶӵӳȻɲԵſһۣð˸ССʺš


9 
ӳȻ˸Ρ
ֻصԼ18ʱǸʱĸոչ˾ʬһ㣬길ĸɥºǰͰѧ˭ܿĲԾ
Լ¶ʱ̣ɳˡ
һ÷ۺɫַ飬ӳȻԼ˽ѧ¥Ŀյϡ
ʵľǱϴһŴŵİƾִٵӵһĲУżʪĲݸԼǰǸԼ18ŮӳȻоһ˿ů
ϲ𣿡
ӳȻǵԼʱƽĿѯŷɣǰһӾͺˣһ仰˵
ö˵ӳȻѾɵ˼ټ÷ŮҲа⣬ǰǣס˷ɵ֣˵Ҳϲ㡭
ȻۣӳȻоȻȵĳһĺܡ
ӴβĵȻںĴţӳȻŵĺ޽·
Դͷۡ
ͷдҵдһ룬ûȿڸר˵ĴΣԼͷɸһ鴴ҵڴϷ¶ʲôıԼǵһ
ͺǵ棬˵ĻɫСӰһ
̫ˡ
Ÿĸû˯ѣӳȻæȥ˸Уſһҵʹ˼ʹǵʼգص˿ǰڲŸո6ӣٲһСʱҵ
𴲵ʱ򣬾ͿԼŮǰͼǿɵĸпӵǳ˰֪Լѧϰˡ
褿ԼһۣŰ˵Ҳ˭ġ
ǡЦü䣬˵ȻȻʲô¥ȥ򡣡
޶ְڼҵʱ٣Ͼ¥Ͻֵ̯㣬һڶʳãϲܻؼҳһٷ褾ӳȻţʲô
ӳȻ˼һ⣬˼·ϺŻͷһԼĸĸ
ǵãԼĸڸϰѧȥģһ죬ΪԼ˵Ҫų⡣ӳȻǵʮ³һҲ쵽ˡ
衣ӳȻеıʣ˵ȥɡ
ȴ˵㲻ǻдҵôдģ¥򡣡
˵褱Сš
ӳȻѾʰڲˡ
ѴСϣְİϴŵһߣ룬һʢһ߶ӳȻ˵ȻȻҵڶôôѹǲر󣿡
¥Ͻһ˶ʮỊ̇ζֺڣӳȻһҶϲǼҵİӣ˿ҧƤڴ͵ĽӳȻ;һϻԴ˲١
ѹǲ󣬾֢ȽأûˡӳȻÿ10ˣ11ͱҪ˯ҵôдꡣ
Ա˵ѧ͸Ͻдҵϳȥˡ
ӳȻ˵ͷ֪ˣ衣
ճ극ϴڵС˰ȻȻճ극ݵȵ
ɵҲ⴫õģ塣
ӳȻһͷͿ֮ǰһдţ̵ķվſڣһ˫۾ڵ㶼ʰ𣿡
šӳȻǿŤͷԷ˵һ£ȥö
ץУףӳȻкһͺͷһˡ
·ϸ£ӳȻ˿ںţ̵ķɣ뵽Ǹһķɣ˵ӰӾԺȥһţһͬѧŪ񾭶е˥ˡ
ʵʶԼԷɻʱӳȻеˡ
һˣܲϲԼŰɣ
9Ž̫ˣ㻨Ǯ̫ˣô벻ϲأ
תһ룬ɵȷǿ̱˵㣬ɳЩӲԹ涨Ҳûʲô̫ǿԼĵطԼ˯ؼңҲΪô
ǣӳȻĲٹָ׼ˣ룬ǾԻһµ
ǰСɣ͵ͨѰɡ
ԼǲӳȻ̫ԣɲɵ̧ͷƵôһ·ǿҰ
ӳȻգգ۾ָָеǺдţʵôô
΢΢һ㶣Ųڵ˵塣
㲻壬ҲȰӳȻ棺㲻볤߰ɣ
Ծͣ˽ŲĿӳȻһԼСܾȻ˷ֵľ㵱顣
ӳȻҲͣ˽Ų΢΢۾˵ǰ
ովڵ٩һ䣬ϾԺǴ߸ЬĥҲԸ⻻ӳȻǲǾԼԲƴĺţ̡
ԭľԼ
ӳȻ̲סڡһЦһЦʱϾ͹ҲסˣСͨ죬ҲӳȻ˰Ⱦܡ

ӳȻסɷУˣܵıӻ졣
ǣôϤˣ֪Ҳȥ˵ģôˣ
СҪʮķɣƻԼ㻨Ǯ۹⣡
ʱѧǶ½½ѧУоͿһɫͺȵͣѧУſڣ˾Űɫ³ſţ·ѧˢˢĿ˹ȥͺڿĳԵܲõż硣
ӳȻҲסĿ⣬۳ҦУӳ˾ĵ
С㣬ȥҵ·Сģѧ
Ҧ˾ĻҲûʲôӦֻ΢΢˵ͷ
ӳȻУſںܶѧĿҦһĻ׷׸пҲ̫ĵӾ˰ɣ
˭ǰôû˵ѧУôˣ
תĸ
ôѧУ˰
˭֪أ
Χ˵˽ﶼӳȻ˶УεĿ߽У԰Ҧæ첽׷ȥ

ӳȻҦͷĿյһӾ̧첲ŶԷļ򣬳˶ǰС벽
ѧУĲҲ֪Ǹˡ
ҦͷӳȻ΢΢һ£ץӳȻ˵
ӳȻƣϾҪϰˣҸȥ
ҦȴûشǾֱԶѧ¥Աߣվ˻ͷӳȻ˵Ļϸ룬һǲ̫˵Ļ
ӳȻǷʵ̫ΪˣҦȥǾΣȻȷܺӳȻô֪ԼЩ£ﻹһߣʲôʮֻ
϶ڿҡҦץӳȻ֣˶˵ǲ˵ңΪʲôңǲģ
ۿҦԽ˵ԽӳȻæסͬǹһ죬ļ˵侲һ£ú̸̸


10 
ҦӳȻΪܹĵѣÿԼϵƷ裬䵱ͰԼˮ
ʵϣӳȻҲòӦðЩҦ˵˵ҲûջȥĵҪӳȻңҪһıߵľʦ
ҦԷЩҪ
㲻Ҫұôĵ⣬ֻ㴦ùϵѡӳȻ˵Ҫʵڲ˵ЩԺͲ˵ˡ
ҦüδǸ18СסӳȻô壬ľͰѸðͷˣӳȻ˵ҵܹϵİΣһҪұܡ
£Ҧǿ϶ᱣܵģϾ˵ȥҲԼһ
Ų뱻˴ȥ
ҦĿǰһۣҪ˵оݵģҲȥҽԺļС
Ǳߵѧڸأ
˿УѾرգ̵οӳȻҦµϾҪϰˣôй䣬Ͻؽң
ӳȻȻλЩĽ̵ΣҲǻ㷴ץҦ̵ֳ˵һ䡮ͻؽҡҦæˡ
յѧ¥棬ϰ˸æ¥ܡ
ĽҾ¥ݱȽϽӳȻ˽Һ󿴰λûæӺ͵͵ﵽԼλϡ
ɻͷ͵͵ŵˣĿ˺ӳȻһҦϡ
֪ѧУһĻɰѾ˵֣Ҷ֪ҦһɫĺѧУģǸ˾ţС㡯
Щż￴ľ飬û뵽гһվȻʵҲܿ
ӴǰĴС˰~
Ǹֲ´ЦŶҦ˵ͬѧʲôţǲп󰡣ôѧУأ
ҦǼ˵ˣͷûлأ͵ûһԼλϣͳ˿αľߡ
褼ҦҲˣ˵ӳȻ䲻Ŀڣ˼ôѾ߲ģ
ӳȻ˵о仰ô˵ţϲ̫༱
һ׷Ц褡ᡯһӾվӳȻ˵˭̫أ
䣬ξһӴǰŽˣ褵ĻɫһӾͺ
褡ΰ˵ϰվʲǫ̂𣿡
㬵
˭ģĶ˵ոʲô֪֪Լ꼶ˣոո˭ģ
ӳȻվҦվĻҪ죬Ǹһƽģ˵ҡ
㶣УĽ̻壬ҦתУһ㣬˵ѧУһ¥ƴ֡ȻǲѵҦģϾݰˣֻܰĿڳϣüͷ˵һ£ϰҲˣȥϷվ
־ָҦ˵ôȥ
˼ұȣβõӣб±ѧϰȿԣЩ߰ġ𣿴鱾ȥ
ͬѧ׷Ťͷų褣Ҷ֪ƽҰѧϰû֣С̫һö˿̱ѵ󲿷˶ڿ֣񿴵ĳ褻¶
ûа취ϾǸѧֻԼĿαӺĹĵ˳ȥ
в̽ͷ̽Ե濴βõúڰ壬ʲô˭ٿ˭Ҳȥ
ȴҶβŶҦ˵°ɣԺܸͬѧܣⶼˣӦð˼ѧϰϡҲǣҪ褺֣ʲôʲô벻뿼ѧˣ
νų褵Ļⷢ5ֶӵݽѷ۱һ̣ôϰˡ
۳Űˣ˷׷˿
٣תУͦ尡ͬѧ˵Ů~
ҦΪӳȻܿ΢΢ֿ˻ӳȻ۽Ƴɴ˿ͷԼ˫üƺ̺ʲôӳȻװûпͷԼǰĿα
ȻѾ֮ǰ·ǾͲٸϣˣӦöñӲС
ŵͷˣĬòŰĿԼǰϡ
һתѧ룬ǰЩɸմӰǱùģǵðεʱںú룬ϾˣͻȻתѧ϶ӰɼɵĳɼôãҪ׶תѧ϶Ӱġ
ɼҵտ̯һֱܺãЩ׬˲ٵǮûʲôĻŸһԼķӣԺǹܹиҡ
¥̣ڵϳͲ¥ҪСʱټϷɰǱӣͨڵտηҲͲᷢˡ
룬İȥĻԼҲȥģСʱĳʵ̫ԶˣԿ϶Ҫתѧġ
ÿαҵס룬ʵҲͦģʼյĳˣûûεƺȫûԼ
***
ʱӳȻʹҦȥԱߵСԽһ⣬ͷ˼Ϸ۵ĵյ
èϲɣԷʱҲҪճŪ˶þˣɲŸոճһ롣
ʱˣǵûȥˡӳȻһʱ䣬Է˵ץԣԵĻȥԱ߸Ｙͷš
ɲ뵢£æſµİʣµķȫǽֺ˿̵оҪð
ӳȻֱִ֣ƿϲȵϣ˵ȵ㣬ȵġ
ҦһۣȥǮ
ɺϾͿҦѾǮƵ˵ôȫ˰ǿԼġ
ӳȻȴ˵ҪҪ˶Ǯ
ȴͬҲӦ۸ͬѧ
۸ͬѧ
ӳȻЦĿҦ˵۸𣿡
ҦǮǡ
̲סЦŪӳȻɫҲÿֻε̾˿У»ǳԱܡ
˵֮󣬷ѾϺȹˣӽ·ߵͰ͸ѧУȥ
·ʮ·ڵʱӳȻͿ·ǽϺһȺžͲĵ˵š
ӳȻˣҦͷȻҲǿġ
褰УϵϣЩ˵˵ЦЦһŤͷͿվں̵ߵӳȻˣ΢΢۾ȻԼǰŬŬ죬ˢˢİͷŤ˹
ӳȻüͷʶİѷɻҦһƽĿų褣촽ѾʾҲˡ
εεΡ
ٵĺƱ̵ƣӳȻ˶ԷѾ׼߹ŷɵֶ˵ǣȥǱߡ
ҦҲôģ̵ʱŰѧУȥ
˻һֵۣÿģվмӳȻҦַšѧߡ


11 
褵Ƿһһ˵ͷ
ĿΣ褲ûйϣҲֻǹһ۾εˣϾԸѧΪʦҲûа취֪ͨҳѡ
ɳǵ費ܵͣڶ쵽˷ѧԷҲûгڽ
һĻ϶ҵģʱڰϺͳȺ˶ʱĶģڴ˿Ҳû¶ȡ
ʱʱͷӳȻһۣɸûһԼǰĿαűʼǡ
塪
һÿεķѧʦҵʰ뿪ˣ󲿷ѧһ
תУ~
Ҧǰλ˷׷׵٩Ǽ˾ܿҵĺ𣿡
ԱԭߵͬѧһҲ˹ЦӯӯĹҲ뿴һûء
˵һһ׷𣿡
Ǽֵһ׷ĳͨĳ⳵ʲô𰡣
ͬѧǻǷǳʵģΧҦ⣬ҷѧҲ̻ؼҵѵҦǸܺĵĻ⣬ټӳȻףһǸĺͬѧ
Ҧü۵˵Ҳûʲô𣬲Ҳû⳵
ۡ
༶һƬȻ
ӳȻźβͶҪҦһۣŶߵ˷ǰ˵һѧһˡ
Ծ̧ͷüͷ˵Ҫʲôɵ¡
ܶŹʲôģҪǹġ
Ƕˣܲ»ǱˡסӳȻ֣ϸĽ褡ǶŵɣڽдҵǹҲȲ˶á
ӳȻȴô롣
һʱܶһôŸտѧ˸С̫ãҪǲͷƽˣӻô
˵ˣӳȻǸˣһ18С۸ɣ
ĺˡ
ӳȻȻô룬ȴοҲȥġ
ɻǲ̫ģһĻСʵ̫𺳣ڻҹجεͣڷһɣżؼһθĸҲ˵ʲô
˸绰֮󣬷ɲ̧ͷԼߵӳȻ˵дҵɣȰҵдٻؼҡ
ӳȻ˵ͷͬˡ
ҵϾǰ֮ǰѧĹ̹ٹ̣Ի϶Ƿ˺ܶԾʵԾ࣬Ҳ̫ѾĿĴ͸᲻ľȫƾ
˰һ𰲰дҵǳ棬ÿһⶼҪĿѴʮþ˲±ʣ΢ӳȻ˺ܶࡣ
ѷһžʱӳȻѾ˵ڶ׾ӵĵڶ档
˻϶߹ˣҲտյƺУ԰ӱ
ôô찡ññԼ°ͣӳȻ첲µԾһ˵ôô⣿ǲ𣿡
ӳȻƳһۣЦǲᣬеѣöӡ
ε̾˿ҲУ˼򵥵ģͷҲ١
˵껰ɾŤͷ˿ѧ¥棬ⶰ¥һѧУſڡ
İĿʼڸչ7ӣѾʼ谵ٳԭڴͬѧҲ׷ʰ׼ȥˡ
ϦǵӰĺܳϵʱ򼸺ҪЩï֦ܵںһ
ɿſžЩסˣӳȻд˵ڶԼĿһ̧ͷͿڷ
ƵսڷɵγһʵĽɫâŰķһ˫峺۾ڴ˿̻عͷ
ӳȻĿʱĲһ¡
ɰ۰۵ģƯӳȻ۾Щֱ
ǰӳȻֻԼλ÷ÿƯֶֹ£ȴûжйʲôǷ֮롣
ڲͬˣӳȻţ˴మѾȹԶʮ꣬ʲôȫĥһɶ˿ٻͷɣӳȻֻһͷ
ÿ
ӳȻĶĿľͿ˿ڣš
΢΢һ㶣ʲô
ӳȻ뿪ڽһ£һ
ˡ
վڽſڣ㻹ڽҵ˵ʲôأ˻ؼң
ӳȻһӾͺˣʦץסһ֪롣
Ƿƽ˺ܶ࣬վ԰˵дҵأʦ
⻰ֿǰȷԾ˵ͷŻдҵҲԻؼдô˲ؼң˸żˡ
ɵͷ֪ʦʰߡ
Ű뿪ɲתͷӳȻ˵ʰ߰ɡ
ӳȻ룬˵ͷ
ʰöʹӽѧ¥˳ȥѧУ˿̿տյģҲ𽥰ſڽĿ˰ΣȷȺ˲ں󣬲кӳȻ
ӳȻŷ⸱ĵģͺЦ߹ε˵ô³ӰûµģǻܳҲɣ
ɲôΪܲͻͲͻסԺӮΣǳԿ
ӳȻȴ˵һһְ취ȲסԺҲأ
ɸʲô취ﴫһ󼱴ٵĿ
ó˰
ǸУϵģվˣĲ졣
û棬ûӦͱӳȻһߡ
Ƴ˷һۣͲϲѧϰõˣܾЩ˶ǳᡣҪΪЩˣÿαʦҳô
Ҫ˶һѧϰô˵
ԣʵӳȻһɣѧϰֹԵġ˼ҵĺӡرˬ
ӳȻȻǿ˶ԷǸԹһס˶Էŷɵߣüͷ˵褣ô˶ôôȵ죬ҲûǳԵ
⻰עȫŲӳȻϣ˵˵ܵĻͦǳԵ
ӳȻЦƾʲô밡ֲʶˡ
ڲʶһĲʶ𣿡߹ӳȻ˵˵һͦǮİ
˭˵ҼǮģӳȻȴҾǮҲǻġ
˵ˣȻûлתء
ң褱ҲǹӳȻ׽ģôһ˵ɫˣֱ¶Ǹɷı飬ӳȻ˵Ȼô˵ˣҲÿˡ
ɯɯ硣ͷҲûص˵ѧУҿž۷ǿɵðó
ӳȻɻһͶ˵Զ㡣
ӳȻü˿ԶѧУܹȥǲǻü
ӳȻ׼ӵʱ۽Ϳ·߲֪ʲôʱͣ˼ɫĽγÿﶼԲʷ׳һļ⿴žͿ
Щ˾ֱ۳һʮ˵Сӡ
Ϊ׵һŰ磬üëһ˰̵վڼǰɨȺСһ۵ǡ˭ӳȻ


12 
ӳȻܾͱ˴ϣʵЩ̫ףعͷǰһֵĳԣǶʮ꾫׳ͣһȭܰ˴ҽԺ֡
ҲԱһʶָӳȻ˵
ӳȻΪ׵İĿڿԷеʱŵǽӵί㴦鷳ġ
˵ͻͷһ۳褺ЩСǣƽȭͷ𣿡
ӳȻԼԼµ˵ʲôѯʵǮ𣿡
˵Ȼͬǩˡ
ǺáӳȻſģѾƵĳ褵ǾͰͬ°ɡ
褿һ˾СˣӵֻǸͬҲ˵׵ʱֻһԲֱһ˶ǰ褶޲ιȥ
ӳȻӳȻҴˣԺ֤鷳ˣǱ֣
ų褴ſǻӳȻһģǷЩ֮ģ˵͵ĵ˵ӳȻ㡭
õġӳȻͷƳһԷ˵ж񱨣㲻ǡ
㰡קӳȻУ½ǣǵ˵һ˲ô죬ҲŹġ
ӳȻԱһЦʳָ˹ηɵıǼ⣬˵ģȺзִ硣
ԼʮӣȺ󺺾Ͷ˳褵ЩǡһӾûӰˣСƵģӳȻͷɾΨΨŵŵĵԡԲұ֤Ժ鷳ˣԺ϶ߡ
ӳȻ赭дƳһۣ˾ôǸģ
ŻˣһߵĴǣۿˣǰץӳȻ½˵һȥ͸ʦУ˵дһݼֵȫУʦʶӳȻԭҰɡ
Ҳ֪Щô褹ͨģȫû˸ոյ棬˵Сĸ˶µġ
ӳȻ˼ã˼ʱӳȻԸо˳褵Ĳ˼Ĳ˲Ŷ˵鲻˵һûȥһ룬ٹҰɡ
һ˵Ҫӵϣ褵ĸζڲһȺδ󺺾˵ʲôܾĻֻСһƴĵͷ
ӳȻô˵ʹ֪Ǹ褵һѵĵһҹֱӴӦԷĸӡ̡
ԣҲĳ褵ļ򣬴ɤӶ˵ٸ𸴣ڼҪٸʲô۶ӣͲǽѵܽˡ
ͷͷŷߡ
ɿֳ褾ܵıӻҪ죬һգ۵ĹܵĲӰ
ͷԭŸ˿̼ˣͻָһЦӯӯģӳȻ˵ӳȻͬѧƽĲˣͬ˵һ鷢ֱϵǣǰ˾϶浽
ӳȻӹͷƬšǿ˾ɵüʵǵί˭
ͷûлشӳȻִһŹϵһͷͿҦӺɫͺϴͬУȴŶһСģ΢΢°͡
ӳȻҦһ㶼о⣬ֻתͷԻеԺķ˵߰ɣǽƺרˡ
ͷһķʮֲӦſĳᣬںֱܹڳ⳵ϸ붼롣յ紵˺ƤɳҲǳ
ӳȻǰŸʻλָ˾ϽֿҦںһƵģأŴİľɫ
Ͻ̫Сͺֳ˵ȥˣͣ·߶бķաӳȻ˾ͣھϽһξľƵſڣŴӳ
һæԷɡӳȻѾȫ͸ˣҦӦǴӷѧûлؼңһֱڳˡټί˰˾ԼλѳһٲС
ҦͷһϽ֣·̯ڵк˾Ͳüͷ
ϽֵĵһӡҲ
ͦģЩСԵȷóԡӳȻ˵
Ҳعͷ˱˵ȥҼҳԷɣӦûλá
аӳȻЦ˵Ҳ尢̳ԿǳԶپ͸ٵǮ
ƳһۣУˮǮ𣿡
㻨ǮеġӳȻЦüۣԼǮԶ˵챾Сǳտ


13 
ӳȻĺ׳˶еΣܵ˼̯λ÷˵һ
û˵ѧ飬ֻ˵ӳȻҪǳԷ÷˳ƿ˹
ͬѧʲô
÷ɨһСҦλתѧͬѧɣ־ʲôɿڵİ찢͡
ӳȻһæס̰̣˵Ͱôҵķͷأ
÷ЦüۣУʲôܵ㣬ǼҵտԶ
۳ź÷ҪʼܣæӳȻ˵ȵˣȥæ
ʲôæͬѧˡ÷ѷɰסһĶ˵ѵͬѧɨˣʲô׼㡣
Աߵ̯λһ÷ӦŵŰȥæˡ
ÿ͵ϰ뿪ɲһҦ˵Բ˾ʲôԵ𣿻߹Ķ
ҦǰͺİҲӵֽǩɫͲ̫á
ûʲôɿڵġӳȻҦ˵ǲ̫ܳ嵥Ū̫СС
ɵ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
ӳȻˣŴ˴Ҧʵôˣడ
ҦƳһۣСû
ӳȻڵڰСĵϣ¶͸¶źϢɵЦ˦ӳԣԶҶ𡣡
ҦƺһܳԶ٣
ǿɲһӳȻɷµ˵ҪĳԣİٻǳԵõġ
İˣҦС°赭д˵ҳ˶Ǯ֪𣿡
˵Ǹ˾
š
ǲԼҿ𣿡

ҦˣԼ֪塣
ӳȻ⸱ģ͸ˣɨһԱߵı񣬶Ҧ˵һ£ȥø
ȷɶһ̸տõСʱͿѾƿơƣӳȻҦһҲֹ֪˵ʲôƺеͷ
ôˣɺ𾪣ûտơƵģʶǸѧ˵Ѿ꣬ҲȰɣ
Ѳֵķ̷ϣڰǰ˹ӳȻ˵տвȵİ
ҲôȡһĶӳȻ˵ҵûд꣬ںҵô죿
һҲġ
6Ҳ֢꣬㲻֪𣿡

ӳȻüͷǰۺķɣȻƺʮӰӡ
ǵÿԼ˾ƻ߸ĺؼʱɶſڵɳϵԼӳȻһݿʼѵ⡣
ڶ1ôŻ
һľζ֪֪Լθã
Щ˶ʲô뷨ѵǸǲġ
ӳȻǵãÿѵԼᱧض˵µ㻨Ǯ룬Ժ9֮ǰؼҡ
û㻨Ǯ˸9ŽӳȻߵѾԽԽˣֻҦԸ棬Ūһ¼ҹˡ
˿ӳȻŷѵģʱһ顣
ÿ£ոպ񿴵ơ
ɲ֪ӳȻ뷨εĶ˵ֲȾƾٺȵ㣬ϲԵĿͿðָ˸ζ㳢
˵ţɻֳһɫһĿҦǰ˵⴮ûвģƵʱ򶼷Щ΢ģ֪ܲܳԡ
ҦǺںǯӺ⴮Сʵʲô⣬ɾ𣿡
ɻû˵ӳȻͰѼĿóһֱ˵˵㣬Ͻԣ
Ҧһ죬˵־òòõļҽԶĲܿ˵ֻӲͷƤȰĶȥɽŽţҦ۾΢΢ĿҲĿǰЩ
ӳȻ֪ǰҳζˣЦĿó԰ɣ
Ҧ룬˵ͷ
ҲĵЦҦ˵㳢óҰֶ㿾㡣
ӳȻҲ͵ԶԶԣֿշǳãԶ
Ҧſ⴮ȻǰҲûôˣڵĶҲǳóԣǼԵĶ
Ȼģ⴮ϵ֬ҲӲӵģű߼˳ԣζǷǳá
һ˳ԵĲ࣬ȵĵǲ٣Ҧ˰ƿơƣʣµһƿ붼ӳȻĶ
18ӳȻȻû28ӳȻã˿̺ȵպͮͮģһͷ


14 
÷ſѾЩԺӳȻΪѵ˵ϣ⺢ôȳӰ
ɵİְַҲվһֱ֡
Саֵһƿơƾ˰
ҦȻ˰ƿơƿҲȵպͮͮģ˿СֱͦͦģǼ米ñֱֱ
ɰҦ˾ӾƵǱ˹˾˵治˼㿴ôͻؼҡ
˾ԼСȳҲеţƵ˶ٰ⣿׵ĺİ
̣֣ơġ
˾
÷ҲЦãε˵СҲǣ컹ѧأôͺȳˣ
˵ҪҲû뵽ƿơܰ
ͱ˵ˡ÷˵ȥ˼ҡ
۳˾ͷҦ߳ӣɲεĵͷ˿ſ˯ӳȻüë
裬ҷؼҰɡתͷԺ÷˵㻹ÿ̯ͱȥˡ
һ𣿡
ܵġ
ɱ˵ְӳȻҡѣ˵ѣӳȻ
˰죬ӳȻԵɵɵ۾ãȻĿǰķɡ
ӳȻ˴ţô˰
ɣ
ѾʲôֵˣϾͱӳȻš
Լ𣿡ɵͷ˵ҿɷ㰡ҪԼߣҾȥҺ尢̹
ӳȻԱλƵվˤæ˹õ˵ôҲҽһһˤô죿
ġӳȻͨЦû
ɲŲתͷԻǮĺ÷һ裬ˡ
÷æ͵̧ͷ·Сĵ㣬ȥϢҪٻæˡ
ã
ɷӳȻ߳ӣӳȻ·ƮƮƵģŰҽţ÷ɿľսһĺ
ӳȻӲûңԼС
ƢҲˣŪԼһҪһƹؼңҲ˵ģɴһţ˵ĳ˵УûˤҾͲ㡣
ӳȻ̧ǰһҪԱߵŵ÷ɸæ˱סȴӳȻѹ·ߵǽϡ
ͨ
ֻͻȻҵ§ӳȻǽϣǼŵĶǰϵζ
ӳȻϵζģϴ·۵ζرš
ӳȻ
ɻ̧ͷӳȻĿ˫ֶڷ
ӳȻͷƵ·ƴͷ÷ɿԷ˿̵ı顣
ҹ΢΢һ͸˾ͷԷˡ
ɺƫͷ˵ؼҡ
ţҴˡ
ӳȻſڷɵϣ§ŶԷǽϣŽ˵ôһؼҰҽͺһƣû
·ϵ˴˿̻в٣׷׻ͷ˹Ū÷ˡ
ԴӳȻļ򴦣ϴˣҲš
ӳȻԱôأǡǶѽ
ˣæʲôʱ飬㲻Ҫ˵˵
ӳȻˣȵԴڷɵĶͷϣ˰ͻȻɵЦÿ
ѾˣҲź
ţӳȻŽ˵ǰǸŮ˹Ҿƣ¼Ƶ˵9㲻ؼҡҴˣĴˣ㱣֤Ժ϶Ž֮ǰؼңЩ߰˺Ⱦƣÿ춼㱨ҵг̣ܲܲҵ㻨Ǯ
Ժģ֪ӳȻǷӷ衣
ӳȻɲӦΪŷɵ°˵ǡͿ㻨ǮɣҳҲ˶ǮͿԷʳã䳬лй￨
ĲܸӳȻ˵ˣòã
˵ţҪͷ׹ŵ÷һ̧־ͰԴ˹ȥ
ӳȻ۾ƣţ
˭˭˭˭ţ
ӶҪջˣողͱӳȻˣ
˴Сƨɾʶ׶԰Сѧижһ䲻ӳȻǽϲǿǣڷС˲ĺۼ
˺˾ôҷ裿ſڱտھǺԼţҪǿԼ
֪˭𣿡ͨӳȻ㿴ǲţ
ӳȻƵգգ۾ȻĶ˷ɰ죬Цü䣺Ű~


15 
ڶ죬ӳȻһġ
˲ԼĴϣҲûУҲûѣȵԴ죬¶ǳ
ʲô
ӳȻӴ˫ãȻڷɨһ£ƵץץԴ
˵ӣϵļŻظԺС
񡭡
žƷѷǽϣǿǲɻ˵Լš
ӳȻ
ҵѽ
ӳȻŵһӾʹӴԴôҲ벻Լôؼҵģļ͵֪֪Լ˭ӳȻ𣺡Ű~

Լôܵŷɵ˵ֻأ
ȻŵȷԼģںǰǲһģô˵ǻѷŻˣ
ϣԼŷһ䡮šһ䡮šֻҪӿ϶һ

ӳȻúȹϵϣת
ǰʱ˵ܲǰĺ󳾣ͷɾ͵ͨѣԲһ𡣿Ź˶ãԼͱ˼ҺţҪǿɲԼⶼƢã
һ뵽ŻüɣӳȻھڸȥԼˣ
ȻȻ˯𣿡
ŮĶ͹ţ˵ôôడ˼Сɰ͹ġ
ӳȻԱ˸£ΡΡʵ裬졭һ˵ʲô𣿡
û˵ʲô褸ŶӳȻ˵ϣұ㻻·ģ̧㣬ҹ࣬û㻻·һ𴲳裬𺹽ľȥѧ¥˰
褵ĻشӳȻʯͷ΢һ㡣
ȻôģôûиԼļˡ
Ҳԣ˭÷ǽǿҲ˵ڵģοƤô
ӳȻĥţԼȸͨǸ˵ȥĸҲС
ϴ˸ʰö7ӣӳȻ㿪ʼ⿴Ū褶ε̧ͷ
ÿӳȻǰ룬˵ȸɾڸʲôأ
ӳȻæ꣬˵ȳˡ
Сˣ
ҡӳȻ룬˵ȥ
ӳȻӼ͵˷ɵļңſűĶԼԼЩʲô֤ﻹˡ
ǰһֱǷӳȻͷһڷɼſڵء
ûӣɾʹţһžͿվԼſڵӳȻҲ΢΢һ㶡
ӳȻִٵĿŤŤ˵Ϻá
û˵ֻǿһֹţ˵Ұ˯أſ˵
÷ͷһ㶼æҹ̯ȻٴȻصҲ賿㣬԰Ϣʱ
ɴóԼҪȵĴţ̣ͷҲصľ¥ߡ
ӳȻе飬첽ȥ˵ϵ¡û˽ɣ
ɲܺ˿̣û˵
ʹĬˣӳȻʯͷڷֶԷ˵Բ𰡣첻ǹģҲû뵽ҾȻôһƿơľˡ
ɿһۣͣ½Ų˵졭ĺ𣿡
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶣æ˵ĺˣֲˣ˵ʲôҲǲ̫Ҫʲôĵطǧ
̺Уòʵ죬ϴ𣿡
ӳȻ˵ԼԼôϴ˵ˣԼɻңҲôӷĹŵġ
ڲô˵²ټȥˣüʱֹС
ǡ
ӳȻԷ˵ϴˡ
ɵ΢΢һ˰β̧ͷ㲻˵ʲôǵ𣿡
ӳȻһ㶣Ϳɿ첽뿪СæСܵĸȥ
ɣĲǵˣҲϴˣͱˡ
ǰӳȻֻҪһǸɾҲ֪ôɾԽԽ죬һ·ҲԸӳȻ
ӳȻ֪ˡ
***
˽ң༶ҲԼλţľۼһ
֪˵褰ˣǼǴУ쿴ء
ʲôˣҪУ쿴
Ҫѧİɣ߿ô죿
ͳǳɼϴѧô
˵ҲǣǸʲôˣȻôصĴ֡
˵
ӳȻʱϰѾˣ߽ң˵úϰӳȻҳһˡ


16 
ӳȻ뿪5ңڽ칫֮ǰĻͷһۣŪӳȻڡ
ףö˶˵ôͻȻȥ칫ˣ
ɵ칫ҵʱ򣬾Ϳڰεİ칫ԱˣһһŮŮĴǸʱеСͿŴ촽ЩͷģҲر䡣
ӳȻ˭ʱ˵λӳȻˡ
Ů̧ͷһۣ۾ﶼǲͷƳûɵһ۱˵ˣɡ
ҲûӳȻҲ˵ףĿڡ
λǳ褵ĸĸ˵ϳ褾Ͱô۸ңһĸĸ͹ˣѰԭ¡
ӳȻȻŵö߶µܻؼң˺ܾòŸȥ˸绰ϸɴûѧУֱĸ͡
ƽĿǰԸĸĸҲ褵ԸΪʲôôƫ
ְΨΨŵŵҳ軨֦չ̫֣öѡ
ͬѧ㿴Ҳʲô¡褵˵ȻǴ»С⳥ǮˣǹУ쿴ͲҪ˰ɣ
ӳȻû˿ڡ
裬ɲС°˵褴ӸһʼѧУѧˣǿǸŮûж̣ܽЩĸҲŲʣŵ¡
ϣ°費м˵˭Сֵģαضأ
ǰУ԰أ˰æ˵Ѿˡ಻ĸĸҲΣüͷ˵18ˣѾǸˣҪΪΥܳͷġ
費ˣʲôΥǼҳɱ˷Żʦô˵İ
Ҳˣ裬ڲǸҾЩʱҪýܵ˵½⡣
跭˸ۣⲻڸСô㲻Ƕˡ
Ŀ˵̬Ⱥͳʵ̫ˣζⲻһֻŤͷӳȻôģ
ӳȻȴʵ褽ûѧУ𣿡
Ǽҳˣ²˵λͬѧǾͬѧһοⶼˣǼҳ褼ǴУ쿴Ҳûʲôôɣ
ôûôأӳȻ˵ٲѧУ޼ɵ˰ǰѧϰҲܺЩ
ɫѿ˵ͬѧôȻǼ⳥㼸ǧǮ͵Ǿʧˣ㿴ô
ǧǮͨͥ˵ҲһµĹʣǳøСʲô棬˵ŪŪͺŪȥˡ
ȴ룬ӳȻͲһס
褸˵ѧУʦУ㱨֮⣬ҪдһļֵȫУʦʶӳȻװ˼˵ô˵أ
⻰һסˣᡯһ¾վܻĶӳȻ˵λͬѧǺĸô˵ֻ
Ǽҳ˵㻰ˣŪܾ˲ú̸̸ҪǮǸˡ˵οôͱأ
ӳȻҲǼֵĶԣӽŵ£˵仰Ů˰ȰȰȵĸǹһ˵һѣӳȻȻøͱˡ
Ŷϡ档
Ҳˣûмô޳ܵļҳǵǲпôµĸʲô
ָӳȻı˵ʦ㿴ǰѧô̳޿ֵأɵøǼҳ
ʵ̫ˣ칫ʦ׷Ťͷ˹һơ
ԼֿԽԽ˷ܵͣһҶ˹˸ϾͿˣɤţûп˵һֱԱߵİ˳סˡ
òã˳ѧУôʲôʲôܺúø˵Ūøһ
ø𾪣ϳ£ڸŮֹ㲻Ҿˣôűˣ
褰ְǺĿİĶ˵ˣ
ˣŮһӾͰθˣҲ㺮ģ㾹ȻҶˣҪиӣΪԸһô
۳˳ͣӳȻͱվһԿ֣ɻûأͿУһ˽
ЩʲôУ˵İ˵ú̸ֱߣѧУӭǡ


17 
Уһ칫Ҷ˹
褵軹֣ŸµľҪȥȴһֱĬվһԵİץס־ǡžһƸˡ
ϡ˵ö˶˵ôأ
Ȼô˵ƨһ㶼û̧˼ӳȻվһ²ؼĿ֡
褵趼ˣͿ˳ȥ칫Ҳûȥѵõİ
У˸Գ褰ְ˵µҲãӳȻͬѧҲҸطǺú˵˵¡
칫ҵһ⣬͸æøȥˣеĳȥѲϰеľͱűαȥ˱ĵطӳȻ˸ա
褵İְֺܾȵĿŴңΨΨŵŵִٵĴ˴֡
ӳȻͬѧǼҳ褵飬㲻Ҫƽϡ褰ְ˵ҲѹֳôЪ˹
ӳȻƽĿһۣ˵ѧУһֱŹǻ۸ͬѧġ
褰ְż˵ʲôȴУϣ飬Ѿ֪ˡȻǳԼ˵ҪõӦеĴ֣ǿһ¾ҲӦȻС²ܣĴҲܲˣҳ˵ǲǣ
Уôţ褵İְ˵һ֣ȴ¶˷ǳΪѵɫ
дҲǳԼҪģӳȻͬѧʲôûҲУתͷӳȻ˵һҲ½⣬뷨أ
ӳȻ˼Ƭ̲˵ҲûҪ󣬾ͰճԼ˵ĴֺС
ǹ⳥أ
ҲҪǮ
У͵ĿӳȻп㻹Ǹĺӡ˵תͷų褰ְ֣ʵҳ˼أ
褰ְҲûа취ջǵͷӦ
֮Уͳ褵İְЭһЩ飬öˡ
ڳ˻װҲûȥ⡣
һϰ˶֮ŶӳȻ˵飬ҪҪ˵һ
ӳȻҡҡͷȻѾˣͲҪˡ
ԺԼ鷳ɱϾҲУ԰裬ҪǱԼĸ֪϶ֵöൣġӳȻѾǸˣܹܺõĴԼ飬ҲϣԼĸĸһ㲨ۡ
뿪칫ңӳȻͿվȽĵȴԼķɡ
һӳȻ͸æӭȥץӾͼҴҵʵ㱻ʦȥ˵ʲôôڲų
ûµġ
ӳȻĵģЦǳ褵飬ҹȥ˵һûʲô˵ġ
ü˵褽ûѧϰʱ˵˿ˣǳ褵裬𣿡
ӳȻҲûʲôҪģĵ˵ͷ
ȻΪԼƵ飬һ·϶ûԼһӳȻ鷳ȴǵһ
ǰɵǵ飬ӳȻ֪ô;ġ
ôõԺҪȥ
һ뵽ԼԺӣӳȻ䲻ġ⡯һ¡
ڵ֪ǳǼüͷͽţһŰ۵СſģӳȻεĶͷ
ˣⲻҲûôӳȻο˵ȻؽҰɣϾҪϵһڿˡ
ɵ˵ͷһǱߣͿٵҦ
ҦǸѵóٵһλͦţУſһ·ܹ۵ҾͿʦ칫Ǳˡ

ӳȻ⸱ģֻ˵㲻Ǹɣ
ҦεĿˣ˵Ҽе£Ѿϰļˣٵ
ˣȶ˾ͺȶˣֲ߱ˡӳȻ߹ȥĶ˵Ҹ˵¡
ɿܵģ֪ôһʧ䡣
ЦûûεӳȻ϶ԼǷ·§ԼҪԼڿԼšɵڶ˯ȴ˵Լϴˡ
ӳȻеǵǸ˵˭
룬ʶĻǲʶģ
Ǹʲôģ
ӳȻ˵ĿԷǸܵúϵˣƺԷ
ԡӳȻϲ
Խ߽ŲԽźҦǰӳȻȻȻÿ춼һ𣬿Լ񲢲̫˽ʲôʱϲϱ˶֪
ӳȻҦ˵Ż͸о˸ˣһŤͷͿԼ֪ЩʲôһŰСԽûѪɫˡ
ôˣӳȻͣ½Ųͷʷɡ
΢΢عҡҡͷ첽ȥ˵ûʲôǿؽҰɡ


18 
»ص18ӳȻ˵ֻ¶˵ΪҪ
һǺͷɻޣֻѣ̸˵ԼԺҪҸʲôŮѣӳȻһʱûͷֻǾԼٹǰӡ
Ҫı䡣
һ£ӳȻ18Ϊȥĸĸ
ӳȻʶԼϲŮӣҪͼ˵ԭӦô°ĸĸǰؼң·һ˳
ӳȻһӶ޷ԭԼ飬ÿȥĸͷ̽صҶΣʮҲһ㶼ûɢ
ڣص18ӳȻ֪δһУȥֹ顣
ĸÿļնʮ·ݣӳȻļǵһ壬С꣬׼һ··ͻȻʻһֱײĺɫγ
겻ģһƬлסԼӣ˾ͷ·ƷһɳȥԶֱͦͦ˼Ӳˮϡ
ǳ¹ʳӳȻĸĸˣһ7аһӤĺͯһи
ӳȻǵúС¸ͣԭԼ5ӻؼҵĸĸٳٲӳȻҵȣ7ӵʱȴھӺ;֪ͨ
ԭҸ֮һӾˣŶԷǾƺݳкصķ׼ҶɡڵöֱܵӿȺ
ֵúܴ˾Ҳִ̣ɼʧȥҲز
ӳȻ۾ʱɫǻġ
̨СžôԼĴӳȻ̧ͷһۣ־6ӻ5ӡ
11ǰͱ˯ӳȻһǳõ˯ߣÿ糿6˯ѣϰʱȱȣܾһ졣
ӴϸĶ
Ѿˣݵ˵ʲôƺԹ
ռУӳȻøĸؼңȻͻǼ顣
ڣӳȻ˸⡣
¹Լ͵͵һƿơƣǾͨһװԲ¡һСĴһԶ˽ȥ
ϴտ̯Լһƿľ͵ˣ300ơƣ˵ڣɿ϶ǻͷġ
ȻӳȻȥûӣۿԼ˫ձ˲ȻĺΣŲ̫ƣ
ӳȻžеԼƵֹǰô𣿡
ɻûã6ӱ㿪ʼ塯
ͶӳȻ˵ȻȻˣżǵôɡҰЬóˣ㴩ѧɡ
ӳȻæӦһá
·ʱ򣬻ͷŪģһûɵģٳźɫտžͺһ󲡡
һ⸱ģ;ˣæͷĶʵôˣô⸱Ӱ
ӳȻװԵʵôˣ
Ҳ˹ŮСͨҲȵ˵ȻȻ岻𣿡
šӳȻԴ˵ͷеۣҲ
褸æӳȻקɳǱ£Ķͷ˵۲۰벻԰
ӳȻԱ졮ȿȿȡȻüͷС˵裬ǲ˰
˳ǡԼŮĶͷ˵ȥ¼ǲǷˡ
Ȱ¼ù֮ӳȻͼ¼ƿɳϣװһģ
ô죿褵ǵĿӳȻĶͷ˵ö˶˵ôͲأ
Ա˵ֵģϺµģ׸ðյġ
褾Ҳпܣɷ˵¥ҩ궼ôҾͲϰˣڼ㺢ӡ
ͷץ˵У¥ȥ
۳ԼְˣӳȻգգ۾ͳ˵裬Ҿûʲô£Ƿա
ǣҾҲա褵ǵĿɫôҲȥѧٰɡ
ӳȻ˵ͷ
褲ԸˣԼְˡ
һɡӶҩͿԼߣæɡкСɡ
һͷͿæкϺá
簡˵ȻȻһѧ
šӳȻ극𣿡
ȥѧУˣð١
ţ
ԱʵӳȻôˣ
ε˵½ֵãһͲԾⲻȥҩ˵ҩô
𣿡ſһӵҩԭΪء
Ҳ˵ڼɡŷɣ˵ҪҪ￴
ûԥ˵ͷ͸ȥˡ
ӳȻ˿̻ɳϱֵúܡ褿е¶ȼƾơ
Ҳհ
ӳȻȻ֪Լûзգȴʵ裬ǲյúܸ߰
üҲհô£
˴۵С۵ʱʹŷɽݡ
һݣҲӳȻ⸱ģŵˣֻպˣһģƺ˺صĲһ
ôǣ߹˿ǵ˵ˣѧʱǺúõġ
ӳȻɶе飬ƫͷֿ˵Ϸ̫е˰ɡ
𣿡ɻɵĿ
ӳȻûпͰ˹ȥ׼ȥŪĳԵģ÷ɸ˵˵
˳ȥŪˣɲվӳȻǰ˿ýż˵װİɣ
ƽӳȻ׳ͷţôܾƾǵҹʹëͨģҲе졣
ӳȻһž;ûģͷ˷һۣ˵Ĳˣҵ̵ġ
ɲţɳӳȻֵͦġ
ģɺɵĿӦðǲǱʹʲô
ӳȻ˵ţҶǵ׼
ȴһģ˵ˣôͲأ
ɶ˰죬ε˵ðɣҪҰʦôҲû취ȥѧУ˰ɣ
ţҪ٣ĩƻ鷳ҵҴӳȻװһɵģԷ˵ˡ
ȻֵֹģɻӦӳȻȻ˾͹ԹڼţȥѧУ١
褶һս˵ⷬЦü۵ǾллСɰȻȻˡ
İ̡ɴɳվ˵ȥѧУˡ
ȥȥɣ·Сĵ㣬ѧٵˡ
õİ̡
褿ŷ뿪ıӰ̲סЦüۣпӳȻߵС⺢治ԺҲ֪˭ôиȢϱ
ȢϱӳȻֱͦͦɳϣĬ


19 
ϰʱȴԼŮߺ
Ҳǽ첻ڼ𣿡ӳȻڴϣͷ褸շȥë
褿˿ԼŮȰ˵ȻȻڼ㲻ΪʲôһҪأ
ӳȻ۾֣Ҿҡ
װˣһŮôҲΪӳȻƤĥӲݣҲ˿ڡ
úúáεչ̵ӳȻ˵Ҹﶼȥڼòã
ӳȻĵ˵ͷ
ӳȻϢȥ㣬˳λ绰˸١
ʵ˶Ҫ˶ڼӳȻ̬ȺܷžĻһҲ۲˶Ǯ
͵ԼҹŮˡ
ӳȻľƾ10ҾͳɢˣɫҲ𽥺
ѾڴһˣǾݿŵӾھ죬ɵ÷ҲѾˣ˵ӳȻ˻һۣ֮͸ſš
Ѿȷˣ
ԣ涼̺ˣٹһ¹ƾܳɡ
ôھӣ䲻Ļе㲻ء
ɶԺǻᾭģŶʱ˵Ǳ߻ûȷأȷ֪ͨǡ
֪
ӳȻԼԼԼͺ÷ʲôһʱûףĵڴϴ˸
Ŀ˴де֦ϣСĻ԰˲ٵĹмűӳȻͻӣһĹһӣҽƮӡ
ӳȻѾԼԼŵһɵĹ㣬ŽⳡӵС¹ǹ¹˹𻨡
ôһ룬ӳȻеء
֪ӦռһЩ۲ǣϾɾͰĶ
һɣӳȻ;ģӻǴӴϾѾˣĸ϶ǲٳˡ
մԼķͿҲһ۲˽ݡ
ô˰褷õĲ˹еʵڻѲˣ
ӳȻҡҡͷ˵ҸоѾöˡ
ݵҲ˳ӳȻ˵ҸҩҪҪٳһΣ
ȴ˵ڳʲôȳ緹ٳ԰ɡ
˵껹ǵĿӳȻʵȷûҪҪȥҽԺ
ʵԭ˴ʹӳȻȥҽԺģӳȻĸȥҽԺ滹겻ߣԼһҪǻûתȥҽԺҲ١
ĸҲûķͬˣڿƺϢһͺˣɫҲöˡ
ǳʲôʵ
۲˳˿ʣ˿ͺռӳȻ㻹ԵʲôȥŪ
ӳȻҡҡͷͦõģûʲôرԵġ
ݲݳһ緹ֻŪԼͼˣڼҲûС¸ͣ˸ӿ
ӻټС¸ͣεδĴŷĴ˯ѵİ
ϺȵơƺڲãӳȻڴϴ˸ǷԺľ˯˹ȥ
ֻص28ͣڹ˾æһЩ飬һ칫ϵʱ6ӡ
Լĳص˼ңһݾɵڸķģƺ˵ĲҪʲôɱعͷӳȻ˵ôôͻؼ˰
ӳȻŴ͸ˣĴչǣŶԷ˵ˣš
պͮͮģķҲʶȤȥ˳ڿ´档
ǲַʲôˣɺ۾ȴģӳȻʵҲ绰㶼ؼңʲôӣ㾹Ȼôͻˣ
ӳȻίίĵ˵Ҿֻз˴ؼ𣿡
ɲÿɷ
ӳȻָ˰β̧ͷ˵ӳȻϲ㡣
˫۾ǰˣ¶һЦݡ
ӳȻֻô˿̵ķʵ̫ÿˣ̲סĶʲô֮Ҳ˼
š
ӳȻŷɵȥͺȻһ£˯۾
СƺµҪСһЩžôŴӳȻһ۾ľԼǰķɡ
ֻǰ죬۵տģϵëӣͷô˳
ƺ˼һ⣬üͷ΢΢ţ˿ûע⵽ӳȻ
ȷдԾ˸棬ÿӳȻѾˣһ˫۾һ
˰תƵôҲһ
ӳȻӴŷǰԾʵôҼҰڼˣҰأ
ӳȻһ⣬һʰһ߶˵ѧҾ͹˰Ѿ6ˣ尢̺ǳȥˣҸսŵʱ򻹼ء
һ⣬ӳȻԼԼ;ò̫ô˯ôãȻһ綼˯ȥˡ
æЬߣɼɫҴҲæȥ
껹ţӳȻҲûдɡ褶ڼӳȻֻصǸкԼʧȥһˡ
ʵҲ֪ȥɲԸı䣬һٳ飬ӳȻ֪Լܲܽʧȥĸʵ
ˮĴϣȻҲϸܣӳȻСûϽѰĸµǸʮ·ȥ
Խ·ϵ˾Խ࣬վ·ǱӳȻһĶ
Ǳߺˡ
ƺкء
ϣײûײ˰
֪˵صģǳһɲļûУˡ
˵ײˣʲôҲ̫ǰһơ
ʲôû춼ˣ߶ˣǽȥء
ӳȻԽԽ£첽Ǳ߱ȥûܼͿΧŵȺ
һ£˼һ¡
ӳȻȺ˼ɡӳȻ浽ʲô
ǵãҪȥг˵ĻҲҪ·ġ
ԭŵĴ˿۵ĿҪըһӳȻֲԼϵˮˮƴȺмȴܾЩƺһûֱͦͦĵǰ
ӳȻ
ɴɡţӳȻڸʲô
ӳȻûģƴ꣬һ˫ֱӱӳȻȺק˳
ſң
ӳȻ˵Ҫȥ
ԼĹŮüͷѵ˼Ҿڰ£ʲô֣
ӳȻԾһ㶣תͷԼĸĸö˶˵վǰ˲ñǼһᣬ˵ԼĻ


20 
ӳȻ֪Ǹʮ·ڵȷǷһ¹ʡ
Ǽ£˾ųᣬֱӳкҲ֪ǲΪ򻬻ʲô֮ûײˣֱӴԽ˻˺Ⱦ̵ʱѾˡ
û˵ģҲõĽˡ
ӳȻϢʱ˶ǻ㱵ģȥߵһ·ͿӳȻƴ漷æ˱˳
˿̣ΧӳȻļ˵ŻҴš
õ𣿡
ɵĵĿӳȻոտǸƴȺＷģŻˣ֮ɾͰӳȻܵĳ·ˣ˿ڴߣɻ֡
ӳȻֺܱϵѪɫҲûˣűǸģ
ֱɸɵȺģӳȻ΢ƽһ£תͷǰˣֱ̧ס
ɱӳȻһ¾ͺˣȴֲҴֻ̼ɶԷţʵôˣõ𣿡
šӳȻ۾ŷĵζ˵ոŵˡ
룬ֱ̧ŶԷʵ𣿡
ӳȻ˵ͷԷ˵Ҳٳһ⣬Ӧô졣
٣
ɲıӳȻΪʲôҪá١ʣѲǰͷ£
ɲӦðСסһ𣬷ɴû˵ʲô飬Ҳпܱ˼ҵûбҪԼοǸѧ
ûˣڲѾȫ𣿡ӳȻĺ󱳰ο尢̾Ҳ·Сĵġ
ӳȻû˵ɿŷɵ֣ͷⲻ֪ĸʵҰû¡
ٳ£ӳȻ֪ܲܺúõļ
ɰοܾã˾ͼ翿żڴߣ˵˺ܶĻ
ҽѧСĹһأÿϧӳȻֶ˵ͣȥ𻨰ɣ
ÿ𻨿ʱӳȻῴɻռЩ𻨣Ȼɹۻ߹ǣʱһŴŴĹ𻨸⣬һ춼˹𻨵ζ
תԼעӳȻӦ
ãҽȥϴһӡɶӳȻ˵ƾͻͣʱȥռһЩɾĹ𻨣ϴɾóź漸춼Ǵ죬ɹһɹ
ɻ˵һ·Ͽӿ÷ģȥҪǻĻͶһ㣬ʱɹˣ÷
ŷ߶߶˵ЩɰֺóԵСԭĸоʧˡ
ʼڴһռ𻨣һȥɹ÷
9ߵģݵھҲû̫ͷ׷׻ؼˣҲû˵ʲôϴһ˯ˡ
ӳȻһҹû˯ãǵǲһΣһĸǴڱĹ棬Ҳûлص18ʱһжǸģ
ججҲ֪ҹ˯ȥģӳȻ⻹ôͷһ11֮˯š
һ꣬ڶͷˡ
ձһƬƲʶûУ̫ͷ·һȺġ
褿˿ѵõĺѼı춼óСĿյɹһɹԼǶ̫ˣѻ˯ӳȻˡ
˯ñȽ˿һãȻ⸸ĸ˵Ķ͸æ´š
ʱӳȻԼڵĸĸ嶼ůˡ
褻ͷ䲻ͻȻŵӳȻ˵ʲôѽһôˣ
ӳȻæܹæűӣʵҪɹ𣿡
ǰ褰ѱ˵һǴҲɹɹ㿴ðĵġ
ӳȻͷ˿Ҳ̲סЦǰá
***
ɴСӼʱ򣬾ͿҵĴųţ˼ٽҪȥϰ࣬褵ŪͣɹкЦС˰Թ緹𣿡
Թˡ˵аӣܳˡ
ԱЦԼİӣİ
ԼŪá
ԼŪˣǼȻȻɹӶᡣ
߶߶˵ţƼﱧŵĲС˵ȻȻİ
šɵͷЦĩҲżдҵԼøһȥԺժ𻨡
褺ϲɣȥԸôáѧϰϲСأ
Цӯӯ˵ȥ¥Ҹոȥɹˡ
ɵ˵ͷת¥
˿̵ӳȻհѱɹã۵׼ͷͿɴ¥ݿ˳˻֡
æ𣿡ɶС
ӳȻвСһۣЦôҪһҪ
һ㶣漴Ӧ̧־ҪӳȻɵĶˡ
أô˰ӳȻЦü䣬ӹеС˵Ҽǵأ˵ҪժǲǣŪȥܳԿȺ
ɵһۣźһ·ȥŹ¡
һ꣬ݴ˱ˮݵĹ𻨣ɶڵϼ˵ɾģϧ˵֪ǰժˣںö඼ˡ
ӳȻ̧ͷ˿Է˵ϵĻкܶ࣬СƲǵŪһС

ĴȥŪһ
ӳȻҲĴ˿ԼոɹԺı̺̺ͦɾպÿԽЩ𻨡
ӳȻ̺ùɿ̺ӾƣҲ
˳ţ϶˵óϴ𻨣Щ𻨲̺ϡ
ӳȻ룬Լ¥Ϻ
һ˵СҪ𻨣һ׼Լı̺ӣֵİ̺ˡ
µ꣬ȫˮ̺ӽϻ˯˯˰һߵ̺һѵӳȻ
СһίίĿûа취ֻܴھӼҽһŸɾһܳͣӳȻͷɰϸܵ褾ڹô
ɫĹƮƮǵصһԴ
ǼⶼǹζӳȻ̧ͷŴЩӲӵСֻ꣬ЩСϹۡ
ҲЩŪһͷŶŽţȴΪҪץû㿪ǽɫСһԴ
ӳȻһۣ̲סڡһЦ˳
ɸſԹԷͿӳȻҲһԴĹ𻨣ʱҲЦ
һЦһ߽Ź𻨣ôĵطôԭЩ𻨶©˸ʵʵһ
ô𻨵ٹܰɿϽӲӵĹ𻨾͸ˣɵ̧ͷӳȻ˵һһɡ
ӳȻ˦˦ͷϷĹ𻨣˵ͷá


21 
۵ǳ򵥣ϴɾĹ𻨷СУϱǣ֭ͣĽ裬ֱĹ֭ˮɫǳˡ
ҪĹ֮⣬ɻһɹɻ׺ԱһСƽõȥɹˡ
ӳȻĵӽǰ˹ˡðݵĹǽŷվɹ𻨣Ǽⶼǹɵζ
ɹɹͻȻʲôܵһ̽ͷ̽Եģ˫ַȵΧһֻſ
ԼĪǿʲôֿٵתһֻõСӡ
ôˣ
ӳȻŹĶܽ˵𼱻ǵġ
Цӯӯ˵÷ˡ
˵ֿ÷С̯ƽ峵ִ߽ģ˵÷ԡ
ڹ¥ȥˡ
ӳȻ̧ͷʵҪҪȥһ򰡣
룬ͷ˵һȥɣ㡣
ǽòˣӳȻϻ֮ʹǮһ¥
÷СǸ˼ң˿ڳǰ̣ΧڳԼ÷ӡ
ɺϲЩС첽˹ʵ÷ô
˼Ұ˿˵ʮǮԼ
һ۸ʣɾԼק˸ӿʼ
ǰ꣬Щ÷̫ˣӳȻŷɼ÷һ»ʮǮһһ˼ҡ
褴ʱѾھĵĲˣС÷͹ˣʵڻ÷İ
һ÷Ҳǰ˾·ݣڶʮ·ˣ˵ϸ˵Ҳ˼Ҳһóԡ
ӳȻҲЩ÷Ͼһֲ˲һҧһ˵÷ôӦö࡭
û˵꣬ӳȻͱǿ÷ðǣҵͰҧȥĹ˳˶ֱš
ǰֻԹŪõ÷ȴû뵽ôᡣ
褺ͷҲһø˳˳ɵ˶褺ôǸˣһ֮ǰ
ɳü˵ǰûôᰡ
ԱЦ˵ǱˣǮİ
ʮǮ
ǲ󣬾û취ֱӳԣǴѽ
ɲ˲ǣ˵㻰÷ԣôҲ֪ܲá
˵꣬ɲЩʧϾСϴӲʼ˾ߣȴû뵽һͷô÷÷ҲɣҲ֪ܲܳɹ
ӳȻɵ˼㰲οû£绰÷ҲҪǵ˵ʱأ
ϾС÷ţǻ
ӳȻָգ˵Ȱѹ꣬˼ôŪ÷ӵ顣
ҪһһɣҪһһڳԡ
ӳȻ֪ļԲȶĵŷŪ˼޹ۣӲӵĹ𻨺ǽһģǹ𻨵ζ
һĹֻŪСƿһƿɴߣʣµƿͷӳȻߡ
׼ȥŪ÷ʱ򣬾˽ӳȻ֡
ӳȻ̽ͷͿҦվԺͷ̫ͷҦҲɵ֪˸ĵطվţ߲ӰԲԲӡϡ
ţӳȻվ¥ϺôҵҼҵİ
Ҧڵ۾ϷŶ˵ϴβôһ¾֪סˡ
ӳȻƣɱ˳һ̽ͷͿҦ
ףҲʵôİ
ҦŲʵǾͷǵպ𣿡
۲ӵġ
ӳȻ¥ݿڰӭʵĩ㲻ڼдҵôˣ
ɾվڲԶҦЦҦҪҪһ÷ӣ
ʲôҦû˵ӳȻݾͿһӵɬ÷
ûҦҲ֪ӳȻͬѧЦ˵ҾǣȥڼҴţ¾ͽҡ
˵ţʷɺҦǼҳԷ𣿡
ҦûѼҳԹ΢΢˼һ£ԭҲܾģ˵ԼĸĸӦ˯ˣӳȻȴûֱܾӶ˵綼ڼԣóԵġ
СЦü䣬˵˳ȥˣɶԵĸ̣߰ɺóˡ
ӳȻڵ˼ˣ褾ʹǮˡ
ֻʣСѵʱ򣬷ɲ˵Ұһ˯ˣҪԵø˵һ
ҦҲ˵Ҿ˵㣬ûҳԷ
ϻôôࣿӳȻ˵ôˣû趼ȥôͱ˵ôˣǿһ÷ϴɾɡ
۳ŷɺӳȻ׼ϴ÷ҦһָԼ˵ҲҪ𣿡
ʵ֤ȻҪ
Ȱ÷ű̫࣬ľ÷Ӿƣе㷺Ƶľƻ÷
Ҧһϴһ߿÷һʵ÷᲻ᰡ
ӳȻԾͣͷĻ́ͷ۵Ц㳢֪ˣ
Ҳ̧ۿ˹ͿҦɵҧһڣȻһֻβ͵èһֱӳȻЦǰϣҦ׷Ŵ
÷ˮݰСʱδϴһ飬ӴζڸɾĲһ£һºóɹ죬һһǵ¾ǻ÷ˡ
÷ƾ͸ˣϴĹҲڲУһһǣٵϰƿ׾ƣ¾÷ˣҪȸ㴼÷ƾʹţŸһ궼⡣
һһŪٶȵҲܿ죬׼֮ǰͰеĶŪˡ
һǹ÷ӾƵģ褶ЩӵĶЩһ֣÷һһޣ÷ӳȻļϾһºɻóɹӳȻʡ
ҦԭֻӳȻõôˣϾҦѧУĵһѣʵ˵ȥ
ȴû뵽ӳȻǵһ¶ûУܵñԼ졣
ҳ֮⣬ջһƿۺһ÷Ӿơ
Էʱ˲ٺóԵģ褻ʢ÷ɴȥԣͲˡ
ææµµһϣҦ˾ؼһ˰ԼԾù˾Ϳʼһдҵ
ɼõľǷˣԷֵҪ񣬶ӳȻҦ˵ˣҸǽ
ɽʱ棬һҪ֪ʶһ
Ҧú棬Ӧ˵ʲô棬ӳȻžͿʼе
Լǰķɣй˵ꡭ


22 
ѧһˣѧУ֯һȫͳһ¿ɼڶͳˡ
ӳȻԼĿԳɼЩš
ȫ൹ʮ
ӳȻ
С飬ⲻ
Լܿȫ൹ʮѾˣϾԼô֪ʶʰǱȽѵġǷС¿ӣȫһ꼶ڶ꼶һֻʮ֡
ڿϱ˷ɣ׼һݲ1ӵݽ壬ʱѧУ㲥һѧϰġ
ȰߺӳȻ˾ӡ
οò´ŬˣǸˣȻ֪ɹĵ·ֻжһ
ҦλԾüһģ
ο˵ڼӳȻ߹ÿǵʵ
ҦһĺԾɫҲû˵
һģӳȻܿĲãοûµģ㿴Ҳòã´һŬˡ
Ҧҡҡͷüͷ˵ҿ̫ˣȥҰֿ϶ҪҼҽ̡
ӳȻգգۣ㵽׿˵ڼ
Ҧ̧ۿ˵ߡ
ȫߣ
ȫڶȫУߡ

ӳȻˣͲӦøַŮѡ
ǣӳȻƣǲˮƽôôˣ㲻ӦþͱҺһ𣿡
𣿡Ҧƽ˵֮ǰѧУɼȷеȣѧУ΢һζѣ廹»ġ
ԱߵͬѧȥˣεҦԺҦˣ㿼ȫУ߶»ĻѧУ90%ѧҪȥ
ӳȻҲͷǾǡ
ҦƱԼǷʱ򣬾ͿŷɱԾ߳˽ҡ
ӳȻƫͷ˿ֱַȥİ칫ңҦ˵ȥڸʲô
Ҧȴ˵ȥ칫ҲҪô
Ȼˡ

Ҧ̧ۿ˵ӳȻ㲻ϲɰɣ
⻰һӳȻ˶סˣǺһҦ˵˵ҲŲϲ
ҦζĳüëʾԼš
ʱķԾվǰ˵ʦĴˣдȴû
ù˿ֻԼĴˡ
ȻһС⣬ҪдĻҪȥ3֣ĻɹƾͲȫУڶˣܻᵽġ
˷һۣ˵ﲻ֪Ҿٿء
ȴ˵ɴ˾Ǵ˰ҲӦõģѧӦѲ𣿡
⻰ˣҲӦԼո˵ʲôȵĶ˵ǣĺܺãʦӦñġ
ˣʦɳЦллҸķҾȻؽˡ
һ¡
ۿɾҪߣæס˵ɣǰߵǸתѧ𣿡
ʵϲСġ
ѧϰãԸҲãģֺÿ
ΪҪңʵͦġ
תѧ㻹ҪѧУӦʵʦǲġ˵ԣһϣܼѧУ
ɳĬãҲ֪תѧԼѧϰһܴĸı䣬ҲȷڵѺʦͬѧ
һῼģллʦɵ
ε̾˿˰ʾȻؽҰɡ
ȷɴӰ칫ͿӳȻҦſڵԼʱһ㶡
ô⣿ɺʵ
ҦָָӳȻ˵ȥʦ칫Ҳģһġ
ӳȻպģҦװ׺ݵ˵ôأ
ҦЦ
ɵˣЦŶӳȻ˵һѧʦ칫ֲᰤѵôҰൣĵԼɡ
ӳȻĳɼ˲ôأ褿϶ҪըɻҪҪȥӳȻҰɢһ»
ȥʦ칫ҵ׸ʲô
ߵʱӳȻʡ
еʦûĳȥ칫Ұѷˡô˵
ţ㲻ܷҪٺüô
֣ȫһȫ꼶ͱɵˡ
ҦԾü㲻ǳԿ𣿡
ȴ˵ðɣ˾Ǵ˰ʦһʱûע⣬ҲֵᷢģԼ˵
ӳȻɵⷬ˵ĳĬ
Էɵĸ鲻Ҳ
һʼûϲʾһˣ55꣬ӳȻžƺ̫ʡ
Ҧںͷ죬˴һ˵ĶӳȻͷԵĴ⣬
ѧɻڷܱʼ顣
ӳȻƼ˾߹һְֻϣ˿ֻݸֽдŴδεĻźһݽ壿
ʲôӳȻͷĿ
ɴ߹Ͳˣ˿ӳȻչʱ򣬷Īĸое㷢̡
ű˵ҪѧУ㲥˵ݽ塣
ӳȻˣǰѧҪŪ
ҦǵԲá
ҪдְӳȻƫͷһڣ
šɲڵĶ˵һڵݽ壬Ȼٻش˵ļ⣬ʮӵӡ

ӳȻֱӣԷ˵¸ڲŪżģȻؼҰɡ
ɿӳȻ뿪˿־ˡ
ӳȻʱ򣬷ɾĪĻûɵ뿪ȴ־еʧ䡣
֢״Ҳеģ˿Ŀ˿վԼԵӳȻֻƺĸǰһˡ
СʱӳȻǷɵСβͣº¹¸ߣС˴һǷ
ഺڿʼӣҲ֪ǷӪûϻӳȻ̫ܵ죬ٲȻһء
÷ɺģ˵ţܳÿһдţ̵ĺȣһ㶼û
ѧĹ㲥վﻹѧڲ֣еʱ򻹻һЩиҲЩѧÿɵʱˡֵĲĿҦ˽ҳŰ׵˾˻˻֣ſŴĴСظ
ӳȻվ·߱أε˵Щ
һۣЦε˵ټĽ˰ĽҦˣ
Ҳ̸ĽӳȻ֪Ҧҵ飬ҺЩҲ٣Ҧĸ˾ּҲѾֵ˾֪ҦΪŮ岻ϻҲıʲô
ӳȻͷͨͥͦãĸͥûд󲡴֣СӹҲǰȡ
ɻͷһۣ·߲߰Ӱ˽ɫΧָշѧѧդܵϻϰܲԶԶĻڴ
ҲͨҸһ죬ӳȻӰӰ´µĹͷϡϣЩԵòʵ
ɲɵĿе˺þòŤͷһŽɫҵķȥ


23 
褿ӳȻ¿ɼʱһĨڡ
ȻȻô£ôôʹļ׵Ŀɼôܿϴѧ
˵Ժﱾߣɳص֮⣬ͨܿϴѧҲֻһҵʣµĲǸȥרƣ΢е·Ļȥ
ҵͨͨССûٵѣҲʶʲôȨƵˣ˸߿ʵ벻ԺӳȻ·Ӧôߡ
裬İɣξǷʧ´ο϶ܽ༶ǰʮӳȻնĶ˵
̾˿ԾĻʾҲ˵䡣
ǸˣڹﶼǸɵļѵԼŮٻŲġ
ȻȻ˰죬ŶӳȻ˵οòûϵ´μ
˵꣬Լһš
褶ݺݵ˵˵ʲôأ
ίίĶ˵˭Ҳ˵ÿζãżأԺô̡
Ҫɷš
ӳȻԼĸܣǽŲŲ˵дҵˡ
Ա̧ͷ˵ȥɣһԷ㡣
褻䣬ʹӳȻķקˡ
˰ӳȻεĹš
ԼЩԾӳȻĵóαģȡ¿ĿŪ⼯
Լо仰˵Ķԣɼôܿѧ
ҲǲǹʦߴϿҲֻǸһ˿ҪǻͼȶݣǸֵķ롣
ҽԺƣҲֻǱַ֣һҽԺôƣ氾һҲְ
ӳȻŬĻ˵׼ϴѧҪȥڵ̯ˡ
ҺԼ֮ǰӷɰǱѧĿջڣȥ̯ҲԼ
ӳȻԼӦӦøԻͲǡ
Ի͵ǰỹǵÿϴѧС
ݲݵĳӳȻ￪ʼ⣬ĵķǰϰ⿪ʼһֱ11żܲסϴ˯
ڶӳȻû˯ãﶼ⡣
ɹʱͿӳȻŨصĺȦֵĵô˰û˯ã
šӳȻ˸Ƿ˵11㣬Ҳ⣬ϲû
ɻǺܵģϾ÷ɻô
ӳȻȿ˿ڡ
ĩȥɡӳȻ˵ЩϰоѶ̫ˣ߿ʱ϶ῼЩ⣬ҵûһϰᡣ
ƵǿѧǰһЩôҾûа𣿡
˵㡣ӳȻ˵ҶᣬôܿǵµϰС
㡭ͦİɱһߵһ߿˵Īϱ尢ĺܲң
ǺܲûҲΪ
ӳȻƵ̾˿Է˵ĩȥһɡ
ĩˣѧȥ£ҪʮŹء
ҲС
ĵʱ򣬾Ϳ褴ѧУſ˳
ûдУ褵İְͬڸվѧУſڸĽ̵˵Ż
ͣ˽Ų˹ȥ
ԴϴγȫУʦǰǸҲûѧ˵׼תѧˡ
ԭתѧǲ̫ʵģɳ褱ѧϰɼͲãμӸ߿ҲûʲôϣϴѧתѧԵòʹ
ֵѧ߷ڣͬѧ褶˽еĵӴվԱָָ㡣
褾͵ͷ飬̫ߵӡ
¿ǰһѧУʽʱ˼飬ҲȫУˡ
ɵǵüͷʶץסӳȻ֣˵褲İɣ
ӳȻ˿˽յ֣Ӧòǡ
˿̧̳ͷӳȻͷɾվڲԶʱһ㶡
ƫҧ촽һΪѵģ
ӳȻ⸱ģҲû˵ʲôս˷ɵ־ͺһУſȥ
ЩͬѧӳȻ˷ܵĿʼϷ˳褺褣ˣǸ
ɫһӾͰˣ΢΢
˵ģӳȻźˬ
̵κͳ褵İְҲͷӳȻҲĬ
ɿЩţץӳȻֲɵĳһ㺹
ӳȻûôţƽߵ褲ԶλͣΧ˿ֲ´Ĵ˴ڣ褵ɫ͸ˡ
ӳȻȴû褣תͷԽ̵˵ʦϺá
䡮Ϻáʵ̫ˣҪ̵δкȴƫƫӲҪ˵һ䡣
ӳ褡
̵ɫҲ˽˵ͷӳȻͷ˵ϺãȥɣһҪϰˡ
áӳȻЦӯӯ˵ǾȻؽˣʦټ
֮Ҳܳʲô飬ǣŷɵ־ˡ
ͷĵĿ˿褵ɫˣŵĿӳȻıӰϥʵĿ
ɻعͷ˿ӳȻ
ôӳȻҲûͷƽ˵
ûСɵ˵۸ģֻתѧѾǱˡ
ѵüôƫۣӳȻͣ½Ų˿𴽽¶˸Цݡ
ЦʲôɱЦòڣŷ˴Ӹովһֱǣ֡
㰡ôˣӳȻ˵ҵС÷ôÿҶ࿴ˣ
̾ͺ˦ӳȻ˵ҲС÷
˵ɶɶӳȻܺãЦӯӯĿŷɺͮͮ˵ϽؽҰɣͷٵҪ
˽ңӳȻͿҦѾʵʵԼλϿ顣
ӳȻʾȻλߵҦǰӣʾԷ̧ͷ
Ҧ̧ͷգգ峺۾ʵ𣿡
ӳȻ˵ſڿˣҪתѧ
ҦŶ
˵͵ͷԼĿαӳȻһϣ˵µ㣬ͷȴҵģ˻ͦõء
ҦӳȻﻰ˼̧ͷЦӯӯĿ˵۸ˣҰ۸ȥѵĲ𣿡
ӳȻ㶣εЦ˵öԡ
ϾԺ󻹵ʮأҦ۸ˣӳȻҲְ
תѧֻڰϿǰһ죬ǴӰ༶һֻӬô򵥣ڸûȥע顣


24 
ѧӳȻŷɺҦȥѧУꡣ
ʮ³ϻͦ͵ģյĺܵͣɸսʹ˸硣
ӳȻͷһۣ˵ҪҪҵף
ҡҡͷãܾǱһ¡
ӳȻǲ̫ģܿڣҵ˸ϰƬӡ
ϰһŵĹӣ⻹вٱѧУˣУ
ӳȻռҵһӣѡ˼ϰύˣһЩѶĸߵϰ⡣
ҦϰⱾķ˷ƵЩ⿴źѰбҪȥôѵô߿ӦҲôѵĿɣ
ӳȻȴ˵˵㣬ǽ߿϶ҪѣһЩû
ǵԼ߿Ŀȷף˵Ҳرѵĵز÷Ҳǲ׵ġ
߿ѧУ֯һλὲӳȻռ⼸ǺܿͣԼôŶػһΣⷽƻеġ
˱ϰ˳Ҧ˾ӳȻͷɻС
·ϣӳȻͰϰǮҦŷɵһݡ
ҦҲûپն٣Ƿе㲻̫˼ˡ
ӳȻȻؼٰǮɡɱŴӳȻС˵ûôǮ
ϰٽУ˵ģϵ㻨ǮͲ࣬򼸱Ҳ˶Ǯ˭֪ڵϰô˼һһˡ
ƽһҲҪʮ
ӳȻǲЩÿ¶Լ㻨ǮӳȻĴǮﻹԼܵѹǮ֮ģСܸԣҪɸЩǮ
ˣ㻹ôʲôӳȻЦͷҳԶٷˡ
ҦƳһۺӾеˣƵĲҲҪԡ
ӳȻʲôԣǮô
ҦԾʹӿڴǮ˳ݻȥ˵ܳ˰ɣ
ӳȻĿˬİǮ˹˵Ǯһپˡ
ɱŪĿЦãҲҦתѧһ£ôӳȻô졣
ͺʶʮһ
˼ҷɺӳȻ˳Ȼ󴩹ֵϽһСɽûȥ̯λæΪҪ׼¸Ϲ㲥ݽ塣
֪οԿȫ꼶ɵĿʼĽӳȻǰ˼ѧϰȡúԼĳɼ
ӳȻֻδӦ
ĩʱӳȻûܣĵʵʵڼҵ
ҦΪɼ»˸ҽ̣հŵƶʱںѺһˡ
ŴĹ𻨸⣬ָӳȻһ룬ĹζӳȻ;ıϢ
ѩ׵Ĺ𻨸ϵ׺ŽɫĹۣĸƯÿ
***
㲥ݽǰѧУģһǵһڶǵڶ
һڿΣɻ׼ݽҪ׼ʵ⡣
ʵ̷ǳ򵥣÷ɷһҵݽ壬Ȼ˻һ£ʼѧϰ⣬ٸ˵㼪黰ʮӾܽ
ҹ˵ϸھѾ˷ɵУֻҪдŸˣûʲôҪر׼ĵط
ɷɱϾͷһȥ㲥ңٻеŵġ
ʲô
ӳȻڷǰ϶˵ǰڹ½ʱǺȻô㲥˶ûУ͸úˡ
ɵ˵ͷ߬ݽε˵ûһǽš
ֵ緹ʱͬѧǶ½½ȥʳóԷˣʱţ˵ͬѧ׼Ҫ׼ȥ㲥վˡ
⻰һӳȻԸоɽ
¡ӳȻο㰴׼õʦ˵ûôҺͰʳõ㡣
ɿ˿ӳȻŵ˵ͷλ㲥վͬѧ뿪ˡ
ӳȻ˿Ҧε˵߰ɣʳãɴóԵġ
ҦҲûʲôŶľ͸ӳȻȥʳá
ʱķݽŹ㲥վͬѧһѧ¥Ӧ¥Уͽ̵εİ칫ңһЩȤͻ㲥վλá
㲥վͬѧţͻһ죬ƺһλʦ
ʦͬѧˡͷλͬѧ˵
õģˡʦͬѧЦЦŴ˵ȥԷɣͬѧȽһǾͿʼˡ
ɵ˵ͷ˹㲥վ
ѧУĹ㲥վãǸеȫС
һұֳ֣һøϺͲģܿŵĻûôרҵŸֹӺļһЩ·֮ġ
һ¡㲥վʦһУβŮ˵
ǸŮͬѧ˹ĸɴк
ãҽǹ㲥վ߶һĲԱ˵Ҹһѧָ̡
ǰȷɸһͷ𣬷ɲɸпڸ߶ѧöԼô
á˵ҵһҪвĻһ¡
Цü䣺õģѧ㡣
沥̨׼ʱ϶˵һЩעȻԷ˵ַǾҪʼˣýţ׼õĸͺˣһָӡ
ɵ˵ͷһ
ֲ꣬ɾͿʼǰӵĻ⻰Ͳ˵ŻȻ˷ߣʾʼԼһڵݽ
һʼɻеţĿİģɵҲûгЦı飬̬˲١
ڹ㲥ﻥһЩѧϰ⣬ɶԴ
ʮӺ󣬷ɾͽ̵Ĳ顣
ر˻Ͳֿʼ֣ժ¶ԷЦˣѧ԰Ѷժˡ
˿ժ˵ڿ˵𣿡
ȻԡЦ˵ոѧ˵ãҲܺǰҲѧ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУǵһ
𣿡˵һΪѧһȥѧ˲
ѧģ
ǰҴԺ֣ԴӸһͿʼѧˡ
ڲ̨첻̫ãԷ˵뿪ɡ
㲥վʦʰöͷһȥѧУʳã·˼䣬ɲ֪ȻŸ߶Ѿѧ˲һˡ
ǸһʱμӵĹ㲥վʱͺϲƫͷŷɣ˵ѧҲܺоӦҲʺ֡
ɱ˵еĶʵҲĽЩˡ
Ҵû·һʱҲ֪Լʲʺϡ
Ķˣ˵ѧҪǸȤĻԾ㲥վÿѧڹ㲥վСʱŻؼң㵽ʱҡ
룬˵ãҿһ¡


25 
ͷɽʳõʱ򣬾󲿷˶ѾԵĲˡ
ʳİΧһԷһ۾ͿһӳȻҦ˵ȥǱͬѧˣôԣ
Ц㿴ʲôԵľˣѧȹȥɡ
ɵͷãȥˡ
ţпճ㲥վҡ
á
󣬷ɲæߵӳȻ
ˣ
ӳȻĵĳԴıӰ˵˭ôһ
ӣԼǰĿ˵ǹ㲥վѧã𣬽Ǻһڹ㲥վġ
ӳȻñ˺ߣƳһ۷˵ͷһμĵôİ
ʱҦֻԾ̧ͷƳһԼǰˣεҡҡͷ
ɶˣһ߳Էһ˵һʳóԷ˳ģǸ߶ģСһ죬ѧֵģ˵ȤԾȥǹ㲥վ
һ⻰ӳȻҦ׷׿˵Ҫȥ㲥վ
ƵĿһۣĶ˵ûУҶѣҡûá
̶һۡ
㲥վ˿΢׿ף˵ֻûⷽ뷨Ļ϶Ҳԥ;ܾˡ
˵ûáǲǾ֤ⷽ뷨أ
֣
ǾͲ˾ĸ߿˰տķΧˡ
Ҧ΢΢üͷֻԷ˵ѧϰɼôãȥ˵廪󣬵һ߻ǹŵġҪȥѧ֣ȫ˷ôõĳɼ
ڴ˵Уֻѧϰõ˲Żѡտ·ֻҪŬ辶ϴѧ·
ɷɲһȫУǰĳɼܿһĴѧôȥ߱·أ
ɴԼҲôΪģҦĻҲûпͷǷ
ӳȻŷɵĲ뵽һС¡
ǵԼͷɽļ꣬˸ղᣬûŪϵ򣬵ʱҲûнշɼҵտ̯ſԼúù
ǸʱɾСĳŵ˵ͦĽǵġ
ĽʲôӳȻŷɣĿƻ˵Ҳͱʡ
˭ϲʵĹأ
ʱҲһ죬Ҳû˵£ӳȻˣ˵£һӾӿ˳
ǵõԼƴʱǷһֱ벻Լڹ˾˺Ŵص˷ɰտ̯һʼ˰̯ġ
ȻԽԽ𣬿ֿ꣬ȫеһտǡ
Ȼúᵱ¡
ڵӳȻŷɣһӾǰЩȻԭ˷˿Լ㻨Ǯ֮⣬һЩĻ䡣
ϲĻһҲǲС
ӳȻԴ鵭˵˵Ӵܷ֮Լʲʺϡ
ԾȵĻͷ˿ϸ˵ллһúÿǵġ
ҦһĲ÷ɳɼôãĲҪȥ飬ȡôѧǡ
***
ѧҦмҽ̿ξͻؼˣɵʰڣͬѧߵĲˣ̧ͷĵĿ˿һֱԼӳȻС˵롭
ȥӳȻʹüۿ
šץԼ˵߰ɡ
ĬĶû˵ͨ㲥վ·ʱУ԰ͳƺӢǻڣ㲥һȫӢĵʫתͷ·侳һƬĺ̲һ
ůϦսյĽҡĻȡ
һĻͷ·յͻ
ɲͷ˿ߵӳȻʵӳȻȻͬƵ뷨ϾԼðͷʱ򶼰Լһ
СĸæûôܹɣСѧϰһ˶ɣɵİ趼ԼʲôܣΪʲôﻹܳһѧԡ
˸к󣬷ɸǴûԼҪ߳˸߿֮·
ڣ̽ƿһǰδеţԼߵǴСһ𳤴ӳȻ
оİġ
¥ǺܰĽѧ¥ﰲĲУ԰ߵĽңдš㲥վ֣˸ӡڹ㲥š
ɺӳȻҪҪŵʱ򣬾洫һȻ㲥վű򿪡
մžͿվſڵˣʱһ
ѧ㣿𿴵ɻһ£漴ĿӳȻϣ´˵λѧ𣿡
ɶԼĲҲе㲻ڣȵ˵ǣӳȻҵͬѧ㲥վһ
ʱ˷⣬߹ʵôˣλǡ
ǶǸѧ㣬λǸ¿ȫУķɣҸһġĸҽܵλǷɵͬѧǹ㲥վһ
ѧĹ㲥վȷҪֺܶ࣬УѧΧݵڶŸӣĲһλڹˡ
˻ͦࡣ
һ˵ι۹㲥վģͬѧһվ
ԭѧǰ㲥վͬѧ߷ɺӳȻݣǵˮ
ڲͬѧݵ˻Ǵк
Թ㲥վѧѧǵдӳȻҲоЩ⣬ͷɶϣһȺСΧ
ѧιʲôһӱȽϸѧʵǶǹ㲥վˣ춼ѧڹ㲥ݽˣ˵Ŀá
ľͺˣټô
ļҲĸ˵ŻŪķɻͦڵġ
˺ˣǸøȥԴ˵ʦǾôûأӶԺ𣿡
۵ѧѧҲˣԼıɢӡ
˶ԼĻ֮ԼǸѧλѧ㣬Ҵǲι۲ιǹ㲥վɡ
תͷ˿ӳȻѰҲĿ˹ȥ
ðӳȻ˵ǽܽܰɡ
ǹ㲥վȽϵˣΪѧҵأʦҲѧڹ㲥վⷽտϣڸܼڹ㲥վˡ
ѧУУ԰㲥ûˣ䡢ֹ㲥̨¿ԶҲУǹ㲥ԱҪҲ֣ѧһ沥һ׼еʱҲѧУŪһЩӢר⡣
ɽţվ䲣ǰ˵涼ǸװãϾУ԰㲥ССֶѡ
ɿ滹ڹͬѧǴŶŻͲеĸӣϡܴӢʫ
ͷŷ񷢹ģ֪ԷĶˡ
ôֳЦڲΣѧҪȥ𣿡
ɻͷ۾˹⡣
ǻ᲻ŵϿΣ
ûϵѧԱʦ˺ܺõġ
׼ɸȥϲεʱվԱһֱûڵӳȻȴȻС
ţѧúôĵ


26 
ԼӳȻͻȻŵ, ɺ׷׻ͷ׶ԷΪʲôͻȻ
ôˣ
СקקӳȻ, ˵ö˶˵ģô˰
ӳȻŷקԼָ⣬ո˵Ǹ飬㲻ķץסǷ۰ɫָͷ̧ͷ˵Һͷɻ飬뿪ˡ
˵Ҳ˷ԸԸ⣬ǣ뿪˹㲥վ
ԵĿˣ΢΢գգ۾
ɱӳȻһ·ѧУſȥ, ײײģɻǽӳȻ
ӳȻ
ɸ󣬲ֽ˵㣬Ҹϡ
ӳȻ΢΢˽Ųɻûлعͷ, ץŷɵ󴩹·
кʱ, ɾͿƶҪ, ٲץ·ĳҪ, ̧ͷӳȻĺ΢΢ӿ˽Ų
ںӺ󣬷ɲӳȻ·档
ӹ㲥վһ·߹˶۵, վӳȻ˵ӳȻ㵽ôˣö˶˵ΪʲôҪ
ӳȻҧҧ촽, תͷɡ
һİô׽ӳȻ˵㵱ҪȥʲôΣ
ûȷҲֻǸһ¡ɶӳȻ˵ҾеȤȥ, 㲻Ҳ˵֧ҵ𣿡
ӳȻȷô˵ȴûǸ𡯵ѧöԷɾȻôڡ
ڵӳȻ˳ˡ
С£ӳȻȴǿһǸѧǶԷɸȤģô࣬Էʲô˼ӳȻһ۾ܿһ
Ҫȥû⣬ǲܸǸһȥӳȻӲӲ˵
Ϊʲôɻǲ̫⣺ʲô𣿡
ӳȻô˵أ
ܲ˵ԼǳԴ˰ɣ
ӳȻ΢΢üԷ˵֮ҲϲǸԺҲˡ
һ˫۾˰β˵㵽ô˰ǰģǡǰʶ𣿡
ӳȻû˵
ȴ˵ҪǲϲԺٸӴˣҵȷ˵ĲθȤȥһ
СĿӳȻʵȥ𣿡
ҲǷֺõ̬ӳȻñŤӡľǷɿǮͶ˯ģֺõӵ֮ˡ
ӳȻҲΪѷɣֻϲѡ
ɷĶԲȤӳȻĬã֪ӦӦ÷ȥӴⷽ˺¡
ûвȥӳȻƫͷ˵ֻҲϲ𿿵̫ѡ
ɺĶƫͷʵӳȻڳԴ𣿡
ӳȻԾͻͷһ𾪡
ɵЦӳȻ־Ͷ˵ĺˣȥϿΣҲֻҵѧãʶôˣӦҲŶԡ
ٵǻһӵ飬ʱŵ˺£ԺҲȻϲ
ڵķһԼӳȻĹϵζԶһ
˵
ϵٺãԺҲҪİӳȻ˵ʱǵĹϵ𣿡
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶣ɫ˲ˡ
˿̵ӳȻʶһѡͷɷֻѵĻǻһˡ
һ֪֪գ֪Ůˡ
Ǹ˻ͷమẰɡšס·˯ţ
ӳȻһ뵽⣬ɫ͸ѿˡ
֮ӳȻҲǵԼô߻ؼҵģһ·ͷɶû˵˶Ĭš
Ҳ֪Լľ仰˵ӳȻˣֱԷ˼Ҳûٸ˵һ仰
***
ʱ褾ø첲˴ʾڶӳȻ
ֻӳȻǰİ׷ģҲ֪ʲô
ȻȻ
һһӳȻ˵׷ʲôÿİץȳԣһҺ¥ɢҪҪһ
ƽ˰Ҳû¥źӰһȦ
ٲߣܻʮš
ӳȻ΢΢عŷ˵ˣҳ극Ҫдҵء
û˵һ褱ʾԼˡ
ƳһۣŶӳȻ˵ȻȻҿСһģҪҪдҵϵǺܺ𣿡
һᵽӳȻͲ̫ڣڷͷ꣺ҳԱˣȻˡ
˿ӳȻݣɵ
⺢ôˣ
˷ʰö褻ǲ̫ԼŮܾⲻԣɢǰһġ
ˡ
ӳȻķţ褾ͿǰŴĿڴ⣬һ
ʲôأ褰кõˮӳȻϣ˳ڴ˵ǲʲô°ôƲֵģ
ӳȻͷ˿褣û˵
ʵЩ̫ϰߺ͸ĸ̸ģϾԼδѾ뿪ʮ꣬ڻӦ˵
ûʲô
˰ΣӳȻŻڵһ顣
褺ʵʲô°
ӳȻ˺ܾãķϽֵЩ˷ɣ˶ʮûзֿ»ص˸ȴò顣
衣ӳȻ˵˵ʲô˲һֱһأ
褿ԼŮԼʲôˡ
ҲǣϾˣǰϵõͬѧһ궼ֿҲѹӳȻһֱƲֵˡ
΢΢ĥһ£˵ʵأûвɢϯְѣĺҲһ뿪㣬ֻа²Żһֱ㡣
кܶ࣬ȴֻһ褶ӳȻ˵ҲҪ̫ѹҶžɢ˵ģǵһξֱԺ黹кܶΡ
ĸѵķֱЩӳȻ
ʱǹһˣߵʱҲǶһӳȻʵ18Сȴɾúѹ
ɵʶԼֻ÷ĻǷǻȡӳȻλá
ܽ
ֻǶ࿴˷һͳԴƢŪԼҲԲ£ҵҲдȥɵϲ˱ˣܽ
ܿŷɺͱһԼǰǣǣɻĽӳȻԷʶ˵÷ĺѡ
÷ĺѣ
ֻԴˡ
ӳȻ벻ףⲻ뷨ֻѣȻӡ
һǸٹǰˣҪһµһȴӳȻҪɵĻһɱ˵š


27 
ӳȻڶʱ, ˰Сʱ
ԭ˯߾٣İСʱʵӳȻʹ, һ뵽һϵΣӳȻû𴲡
ˢʱӳȻһϵΡ
ʵҲûʲôεԼص28ʱ򣬻صҾͷַɺһĿģǣֵĳԼɻĶӳȻܣ˵ԼİˣӳȻǼʲô¡
ӳȻżˣͷǺȴ˵һ仰ֻĿģֲŮǣŷɵ¥
ӳȻ׷, ͨ¥Է¥ʵ̫ˣӳȻôȥһգ۾ͼˡ
ݣӳȻ;ơ
Ȼ˼ҹΣ˯, Ͼجˡ
, ӳȻȻҲ, ʵôô簡
˾͸ɴ಻˯ˡӳȻϴ˰, Լĸ˵ϳʲôҪ¥ȥӣ
ãȥˡˢӳȻ˵ˢϴȥ·, һȥ㡣
ӳȻֻȻصԼķ䣬Уֿʼĵȥ
𴲺ͱ, ڰһϡӳȻȥ, ˳㷢
ĺôܿƽľɫ
ãббĴӵƽ𣬰СԺľı˺ü
6Ľֵ徻ǵļ֮ûУְᡣ
Ͻ̯λհõİ˽ֱߵϣ˭ãɫˮӿŰӳȻƺŵӵζ
˰ӺóԼ̲ˣȺĳһ㡣
ҪˣðѼ·óɹɹ褳ӳȻ˵ȻȻҪװóĩҸϴһϴ
һĩӳȻ˷ɣѧʱ˱ŤҲ֪ɻ᲻ԼԼ
褼ӳȻûԼֽһȻȻҸո˵𣿡
ӳȻ̧ͷ㶣Լո˵ʲô֪ˣҷѧͰҪϴĶó
š˵˾С
˷ƽŻ磬ӳȻڼƨϳ˶һסſƣ褿ȥˣֱӰӳȻ˳
˵С㣬磬ȥСһѧɡ
ӳȻ㱳ץףƨƨߵܵ˷ɵļſڡ
ɼﰲģӳȻ˿̻ڣ֪ڻûţ㿿Ȱִ棬ĵĿСϰϰ࣬ѧѧ
ż·ھӿţЦŸкСһѧ
ӳȻӦǵģ̡
úúã˹ϵ治
ھ¥ӳȻŻͷһ۷ɼҵţ͸оӦվŸ˵ģԼԼоһĿ⡣
ɡ
ӳȻǷź֪ſڣٵǸϽȥѧУɡ
ɫķᡮաһ죬ɲƿſӳȻУվſڣһۡ
û˵ֻǳŰŴϣִóԼҪȵ̣һ¥Ǳߡ
ɡӳȻ󣬶˵ѧƢã㷢˻𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ûС
ӳȻæסԷ֣ͣϡ
ɻͷ˿ڵ˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲôҷ𣬿ûֻеѹѡ
Ϊ˳ô׶԰ʱ򣬻ûк
Ҳ֪ӳȻһӾͷ˺ܴĻ𣬶һ·ɣû˯á
ԭӳȻĻʱͲӳȻѧˡ
ȴû뵽һͿӳȻվԼſڵ÷йɵ˵ί
շ˻ǸԼôúô
ӳȻһ⸱С֪뷨ˣͬôã㲻ǶԷĻ׳棬ҲٴĳĬ֪ܲôأ
˺ˣͬѧͱҵˡӳȻҪĺŷɣ˵ûƺԼҲԣԺ֤Ϊˡ
ȻûŤͷȥӳȻСȴ˶
ӳȻֻ֪Ҫһ˵ʲôǷ۰׽ӽ͸Сͻᶯһһֻ͵Сӡ
ɣͱˡӳȻȴǣŷɵֵ˵ȥôһȥˡ
ΪյĽˣɵĶⱻӳȻ˵úͮͮģ̧ӿӳȻһۣĸ졣
棿ɺԸȥô
šӳȻģץŷȵ֣϶Ҫȥģ䱳ȥȥ
ǸѧõԷʲô˼ҲԴ
ӳȻˣչţԼиѵ뷨Ҳֻ뷨ˣǾԲмһŵġ
ɶӳȻ̬ȷǳ⣬ȻҲһҪ˺ĽŮɿӳȻôϿҵĵǸǺܳԵġ
Ȼô˵һȥɡ۾ģڴĶӳȻ˵ǵѧʱȥһ˹㲥վɡ
ӳȻ
Լ˵ģջɣ
СӳȻŷģĶ˵ﶼôҡ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼһ죬Ťͷ䡯ľ¥¥ݹսǻͷӳȻһۣ˵Ҫٵ𣬻ɵվŸʲô
ӳȻε̾˿æ׷ȥ
***
Ҧ֪ȥϵĲΣԴ˲ͬ
Ƕˣھ׼Ҳ˰Ҧ϶Զ˵ǲľտװɣ
ӳȻվڷɵλԱ˵ȥϲϵĻȷ
ҦƳһ۷ɣ˵տһ㶼ں٣ѾѧһˣʣµʱҲˣһҪԼڡ
ɱҦĻŪС
ҡҡ
΢΢üҲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ӳȻɵԴ˵ȱô࣬ôȥһˣ˵һÿξͶԲȤء
΢΢˵ͷе㵣ġ
ʱϿӳȻкҦλλǱߵʱҦӳȻ˵Ҳȥ
ӳȻƣҸȥˣϹʲô֣
οҦΪϴ¿ɼ»Ŀγô
ͱ¹ˡҦ߰С°ͶӳȻ˵ڼҵţ˾ȥʱһȥǸһ
ӳȻ΢΢ü˵ʲôҦ۳ʦѾ˽ңӳȻֻȻصԼλãĵ˵
죬ľڽĲλǺܸȤģһٴзһɫñ˿ɢഺĻ
ӳȻԶԶľͿҦͺƽȵͣǵСֻεĻͷǣɵ֣˵ˣ߰ɡ


28 
Ҧ˾ָĵص㿪ȥ, Ϊĩ·϶µòر, ڳƽ˵顣
ڲΣ8뿪ʼ11мϢ20ӡ
ֻϢ˵ѧУôֻȥѧУɱϾѾǸˣԹĺ١
ĩ˶ûдУӳȻһ׵Tţп˶ЬͨС
ҦһɫŮʿPoloͺɫİȹ, ϵһɫƤƤ滹żöΣЬҲǺɫģž˧˧ĲŮ
ǴſͨTͱ̿㣬ĳΪ괩УԵ, ׵Ķ, ԱߵӳȻһ·ܿ˰ٻء
ҦϿʱ˵ͦ, ڿΣ
ǡں˵һֻڿΡ
ڿεĻ, ѧʲôҦ̫ŵʡ
Ҳ֪ѧʲô֮֮ξ֪ôˡ
ѵλһĵĽ, ſûרŵͣ˾˷ſںȥҵطͣˣҦҪóʱٸ˾绰ͺˡ
̫ǳ, ԼñźӳȻһ¥
˴6, ӳȻԱ߿˿ŷⶰ¥϶ѵ
ѧǮ׬ӳȻһ߸пһ߰˵ݣԷ˵23¥ûɣ
šȷһϢ˵ͷ
ҲΪⶰ¥ﶼǲϰԵʣվڵݿûһֶΧ˱Ͽεˡ
Ще俴лߴѧеСѧ˲ǱŶл壬һЩӳȻ˵ֵĶ
ˡ
Ż򿪣ӳȻŷɵ˽˵ݣҦ¥ͺվһ
ѧ˾Ϳʼ漷ԭúõģиȻһ˽ԭͲĵһӵ
ٵİҵ˷ɵñܣˡءһæ˵˼
ɷ˷ñ˵˾䡮ûϵͿŻϡ
Ǵʵеռط㱻ڻҲռ˲ٵλãӳȻŷɺڵݱˣקקʾɹһ㡣
ÿһµݵʱ򣬱Ŵٵȳȥٽʵڡ
Ҧ̲ס˿пһ䣺ѧͦס
˿Цһ£ðɡ
ȵ23¥˾ˣ̲ס˿
ı߰Ҧ˿ΧҲֲӦȥ
ͳֻֿ˿Ŵȥߵȣҵ˲ѵĽ˵Լǰ̨ʹһ䲻Ľҡ
ֻӣҲʮ˵ӣǰ̨ĹԱλ˵ûרŵΣǿԸһڡ
á
һŵλϣǰ̨ռǼϢ뿪ˡ
ҦĵıؿαϣƳһۿտյĽ̨˵Ҳˡ
ʵ˵˷ʱ䣬ؼҶ׾ӡ
ȴô룬ĴϢ˵Ѿ˵ط
ظҲͦ죬˵Ѿ¥ˣһ
ٽ˵ʱѧ½½ĶҲ˽ſڣһŵ˱˹
༶䲻ʶˣвѧ˺棬׷׻ͷ˹
Цӯӯĳ˴кѧǺá
ȻûҦϢ˵˻Ҳĸ˴к
Ҧ̲ĵ˵ͷӳȻнҲġšһֻзɺĳЦЦԱ˵˲ٵĻ
ѵûй̶λãԷ˵һŵλãһҲǿԵġ
ҲЦӯӯ˵ǻ᲻ŵϿΣ
ûµģѧ㲻õңҲγɼܺãʦءԷ˵вľͿңʦ˺ܺá
ɵ˵ͷȻԼİóӺͱʣԵԱ˸ɢ
ϿεʦᣬǸոմѧûãεķʽҲȽɣ֪ҲûӦôϿλôϿΡ
ֻҪѧϰĶͺ棬ϻȥŸ壬Ըȥԣûͦʦ
ҦǸɢģԴڽ̨ϵķɣϥײһԱߵӳȻ˵˵ò·ɣ
ӳȻǿĸ棬ĿڷɵܹͣĺϲſΡ
ܰɡӳȻ˵
һڿ󣬳Ϣʱ˾ȥǰ̨Ҫһű
һϵĽסˣƽÿҪǧ࣬һڿҲҪ߰˰١
ù󰡣
ûбһĿγ̰Ȼֿ֪γ̻ܹ󣬿δҲ̫˰ɣ
һͨܵ
ǸոϵĿγѾ㲻ˣСγ̣ѧЧá
˲䷸ѣһ뻹ǶԹԱ˵ܰȥһ𣿡
ȻԡԱûбȷھ͸𣬶ǰСγ̵ĵҳҲ˷һݣؼҸ
߳¥ʱʱҲյ10ӡ
ѵСбۿۿӡѵlogoӺñи߰ı͵ҳװ
ӳȻһʱ䣬ŶԶ˵ǻȥҸطһ
ò׳һˣҲŻȥҦɵĶԷɺӳȻ˵ȥ湺ĹɣһȥԷ
ӳȻҲûʲô˿²̫ߵķɣʵȲȰȥòã
ŻعҲ̫ɨ˵ˣ˵ͷ
ڹһ¥ӳȻڽﴵҦ˱ѩǺȣӳȻͷɶǵ̲衣
ӳȻȥ̨ǱҪһļӣͲֽŴƤͲùݸ˷ɡ
̲أԼǰķɫͲ㶡
Ҽǵ㲻ϲôÿļƷУ㳢ӳȻĶ˵
ллɽͲҧһڣıܴӣζӿóԵ÷ǰһ
Ҧ˵ҲҪ
ӳȻƳһۣҪʲôҪʲôϵ
Ҧеѩ˵ΪʲôͲûУҲҪԡ
ӳȻǿˣҦеˣʲôҪ
Уǲô
ӳȻͲҦһһ˶У˭Ҳ˭ġ
ɡӳȻһ߳ͲһѵҦ
ҦԵѵͲͺ܇Nɪ۾ЦĿģβڿ϶ˡ
ɻ飬ôһҲͱˣ̲סЦڣԸͲҲҪ
ӳȻ˵ֲҪģ
Ҧȴͷʮֵơ
ֵһأӳȻҲøҦƽˣеͲ˱㿪ʼ
ҦԼֻӳȻҧſȵܿ˷һۣʵľտ𣿡


29 
ӳȻĻ÷ɰ, ҦҲֻŲ۾ŷɡ
ҡûáɿ˿ߵ, ˵ѵ̫ˣҾҰӦòҳǮ
ɼȻǰ̯տģǰø˷ӣҷɴûüΪѧϰǮǺٵʱ˸ĻεİϣûѧĶ
ⷽҲͷһνӴȻϲҲȷԼ᲻֧
һ뵽⣬ɵͲôá
СͶ, ˼ʲôóԵĺúȵķҲĽ
ͺ÷ûʲôĻ¸ںͿʼСտʼغзҲ, ھͿʼŪտ, ÿ춼ŪҹŻϢ
Դм֪鷳, ÿѧͻؼдҵ, ӳȻ¥͵ʱڼԼ
ʮ겻;ͻ򵥵ĳˣÿζھӿ䡮¡, ⶮҲǷԼõġ
ڷɵĳɼȷܺãҪͻȻĸ˵ǮѧϰҲͬ⡣
һ뵽, ɾͲ֪ӦӦΪԼϲȥĸˡ
ŷ鲻ѵӣҦǻ˿ڡ
ʵտҲûʲôá
Ҧ˵տ֮󻹿Բμĸ߿, ǸԼṩһѡ˵Ӧûͬ⣬ϾͶҲͶʡ
ɴؿҦͷһ˵Ͷʡʡ
ӳȻҦһۣѵ㻹ᰲοˡ
Ҧ˵ֻʵʵ˵ѡ
ӳȻתͷԷ˵̫ˣȻصҸ尢˵һԡ
ŵˣ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ллǡһӾɶˣԶ˵쵽ˣȳԷٻȥɣʲô͡
ϴϰǮء
ҦһԵıȿ˿ڣţš
ӳȻһţôĸʲôԱ߾ݣţˡ
Ϊʲôݣǲ𣿡
ԣҺͷɳԣԱ߿
ҦԾͺӳȻһţǷɾȥԿ㣬ŸһٶײҲܹ˳Ա
˾ǰҦؼң˵ҦҪ˵Ҧ˷뿪ˡ
ӳȻǰ̨֮󣬲ڵĹվ̨ȥ
ĳлûкܺõĵ滮ȥﶼǿ
̫е㶾ʮȵӣӳȻŷڹվ̨ӰţƵĿ˹
ĩɹϻвˡ
ӳȻҵһλѷ˹ţԼվԱŷ֡
̧ͷһۣ̫˼˵㲻𣿡
˿ּ̹һЩˣӳȻץ˷ֵͷ˵ãŰɡ
ųŵĹرգɳĹͷһǰ
Ҳ֪ǲΪԭӳȻܾùһɺζ˵Ҳ˿յǺȣڵٶȻ
ͷǰŷֵӳȻקҡҡλεӱʶ֣ʱ·ڹʱ򣬷ɱֱֱס
˫ϸ׵ĸ첲§ӳȻƺ˦ȥһŰ׾Сˡ
ӳȻЦҲһֻеɵԴԼĻ
ҲǸܵӳȻĶ΢΢ͷ¶һĿ⡣
㡭
ӳȻ˵ЩƤʱ򣬾ͿԱλõһСվȣһӾ˹ͱס˷ɵȡ
СֺԲģͷҲСǸ׶԰Сѡ
СŮСӣ¶ŹĶͷ̥ë鷢һ˫۾ˣһĲ⡣
ɣ
һ죬ʶƿӳȻ
ƿӳȻ΢΢һ£ĶŷɣΪʲôö˶˵ҪԼƿ
ʱǸŷɴȵСŮ˵ˣ㣬ΪʲôҪһ𰡣
СﻰһӳȻͿɵԽԽ죬СϺһС֪Ӧ˵Щʲôźá
ӳȻСƨֻɣ˫۵ĴȱСѾͷƬһͮͮӡ
ɶԼڶûɵĴȣСƨôô죿
ҡûУ˵ɿĿİĸСͣոչ䣬Сľͱһˡ
Сģ
ӳȻȵĿԭԼǡСġ
ԼҪڣ
ӳȻˣ˾ûԺҲǳҪģϷ޵ôڹϱһ¶ҪİСͣ
ֲףӳȻͰĿǸͻȻҵСϣõ˵˭С
С̧ͷһ˫۾ġ
ͦģʱý˶׷װͷת˹һŮҲæ˹ӳȻͷɵǸ治˼Ҹոˢûסӣû鷳ɣ
ɺվҡҡͷ˵ɡ
Ƕ಻˼
û£㱧źɡ
˵꣬ɾקӳȻ·˳һߡ
ôˣ
ӳȻŷͮͮľ͵ͷʵˣ
ûСɲ̧̫ͷȥֻǸСѺ衮ΪʲôҪһڸʲô
ǸƤˣСѵҲһشֻžܵǶĸŮԶһ㣬ȴŲͱӳȻһץ˹
ʲôȥӳȻ˱ڻ§ŷɵ˵ϻܣô㲻Ȱ
ɶ̧ͷȥˣֻܽӳȻļ򴦣ͨ졣
ӳȻڵĶ˶ͮͮĶ䣬ֻ÷ջԼ
ǰˣһſڷɵĶߵ˵ôô죿
Ա̧Ŷ䣬̧۵ӳȻһָۣæ˻ȥ
ӳȻ̲ס͵͵ЦһַӣһְѷؿԼ
λƵĴһһֵ
ӳȻѵãûôѹδӦôߣ§ŷʲô˵ɹ߹ÿһϤĽֵ
ĵʱ򹫽˺ܶ࣬ԽбԵԽ٣ȵ˾Ͻһվ̨ʱѾûжˡ
ǶĸŮҲѾ³ĶǺͮͮģ˹ϽȥӳȻͿŴںƵ׷
ɡ
~
~~~
ӳȻЦôʲôƽ׷ܵôôߵô죿
ͷǰţҲûˡ
ӳȻԼĲԼˣæƵ˷ɵǰס˶Էȥ·
һûɲסײӳȻĻʵʵı˸
ɷɣҵĺ÷ɡӳȻǻΣö˶˵ĸѽҽǵˣ
ɱεͷΣеҲͷΣ̲סԹ⻹ڴأʲô
˵žҪȥӳȻļȴץס֣Ȼʮָۡ
ҽǵˣȸǸòãӳȻŷɣ˵ȥһҵܵҵʵ̫ˣ㲻û˼д
㡢ֲǲᡣɺ˵
һ治ᡣӳȻɿɣͷЦüۣôö̽ҡ


30 
ӳȻĥӲݼ, ԭͲôӲʵĻӳȻԼߺ֡
صҵʱ, ɾͿԼİѾ˯ˣڳ͡
νʵŪûȥĲˣʱҲտԽԽˣǻʣ²ٵʳġ
еܷűľͷű䣬Ų˵ľʹؼԼԣôɼԵľͷһʣʣˡ
ǰʣȥĿͣİٺЩʣտˡ
Ūе, ķɰԵĻͦʢԼŮ˾ʵȥ˰Թ緹ҵ𣿡
÷һӲ֪Ӧôĸʼشֻܿɹúĸĸ˵ϺӳȻȥĹ˹䣬Ȼǳ˶ٷҵȥӳȻ
÷ű˵ʲôѧϰѹҲ̫, ĩҲԳȥһ档
ŷҲ͵ǰ, ȱʲô˵, ʲô˵
Լĸ˵ֻ, ɶ̰еѵ൥ҳǣֿĸϵʣˣɽеĴ, ᡮšһͻطˡ
ֱ󣬷ҲûܰԼҪѵĸ˵
һʱ䣬ɶӳȻҵ, ˾ͷдҲû죬һʱ׾, ȵ̯ʱɲŷ±׼š
ӳȻҪ߱˵Ҳȥ尢̰ɡ
ȴҡҡͷӳȻ˵ˣԼȥˣҲ֪ôŪ
˵ͿӳȻ˵ҪҰ̯дɣ㡣
۳ŷɴԼĶ뿪Լķ䣬ӳȻ;û¶þ
Ҳ֪緢ʲôƲֵӡ
ѵ˵Ϊѵ飿
ӳȻôţǰĲݸֽһˡ
ϿεǸ׼һҪǧǮҪϵտǰҪһǮ⻹ƽļͼѵá
˵ɴɤֺãɱϾѾˣʱϾѾˣҪȶŬ౨һ࣬Żϵ֮ǰôľ롣
ҪǮ
ǲ࣬Ҫһóǲ̫ܣ˭Ҳܱ֤ѧ֮ܿϣһտû߿ʧǾĵòʧˡ
ӳȻññ˴Դѡ
ŸģǻԲ۾ﶼðŹ⡣
Ͽεʱеģ

ӳȻͷ۵̫Ѩ취ŪǮˡ
***
ֱһʼѧҲûҰԼ뱨ѵĸ˵
ӳȻۿɼķɲģ·ҧܣ˶Ʋֵġ
ôˣӳȻߣԼӰ˵㻹û尢˵뱨飿
ɵ˵ͷĩ춼дҵϾȥ̯λϳ䵱Ատ̯ɻ
ǵٵʱԼ̯λǰܺģ˶ļҪӿڸסˣԭβûʮ۵ΣҪŶӣˡ
ڹʮ·տ˾˺ܶ࣬һֻ߰Ĳ˶࣬ĩӪҵҲٵÿ
÷˵ʱ䶼һ̯Ͳˡ
ɲ̯ķ⻹ÿ¶ȥ̶ļǧǮ÷ŵҪҪض߻֮ġ
ɾԱԽԽû˵ԼҪ¡
۳ҪˣĸΪƷô˼˵ҪһǮİࡣ
һ뵽⣬ĹͰ̧ͷ˿ӳȻӦȥ𣿡
ӳȻԵĿʵ㲻Ǻϲ𣿡
ϲҲֻϲɡ̵˵һǺúôԸ߿ȥЩˡ
˵е̺ӽԱߵͰȻ첽ѧУķȥ
ӳȻĻҲһ㶣վԭؿŷɵıӰ΢΢ü
֪ɹȻʲôûи˵
ѧУͿʼϰɻǸһſģӳȻһ綼ûѧȥǰĿαǻ糿ɸԼ˵ϲҲֻϲʱįı顣
ӳȻ̾˿תͷ˿档
ϰսӳȻʹȥҷ˵˵ȴȻ˽˳ȥ
ȥĲǱˣ
߶͸Ͳһ¥㣬ôܹģ
վϾֹܵĽɻЦЦ
ЦʲôЦɽ϶ûжԼЦ
Ǹ֣ͺúģĸʲô
ɿǸѧ㣬𵽵׶𾴰Ȼ֣
ӳȻԼÿѧѧͷһؼҶûȥǣ֣
ҦӳȻҧгݵı飬ƳһϵķɣɷµĶӳȻ˵رʸ֪֪
ӳȻתͷһۣɶ˼˵˵ЦЦˣ㻹˵Ƕʸ
ҦǲΪ⣬ڴ˵ҿ㰡̫࣬ɺúõĸ˵㻹ԴףҪԺ˻飬ǵôŲŲ
ӳȻĻһ㶣ȻһӾͺĿİ˵ʲô鰡Ŷͽ飬ô֪һ飿
Լ֮ǰûиҦԼͷ˵ĹϵŮô³ģ
ԼĪǿӳȻ˼ҦԴ˵⻹òôֻҪ۾Ϲܿ˵Ĺϵ
˵껹ĿӳȻ˵ΪԸ⵱ݰÿοҶԼǶġ
ӳȻѵúŤŤ˵˵Ҳû˼أͨѡ
Ҧһйı飬ƲƲ졣
ȷɽҵʱ򣬾ͿӳȻҦ˵Żʱһ𣬶Ѿϰˡ
ʲôɿϿλһʱ䣬߹˵
ӳȻһۣû
Ҧ󷽷ĶԷ˵ոտ죬ʲô
ӱ㴹˵ǹҪҪ㲥վ飬Ҽǡ
⻰ӳȻʵô˵ģ
Ҿܾˡɵͷ˵һǾӦúúòμӸ߿ġȿϴѧ˵ɡ
ҦƽĿŷɣò˵ȷˣ
šɵͷʵ˵ûҵѧϰɼôãֻҪȶϸͨһûģûҪȥμʲôտ
ҦνҲôģɴ·Ҳû˵ʲô
ӳȻüͷ壬ʷɣΪѧѵ𣿡
ƽĿ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ϿӳȻҪ˵ĻŷתҪصԼλϱץס˵ԷʱҪ˵
ɲӳȻҪ˵ʲôһ۽ʦͳӳȻ˵ͷá
һÿǰĿΣҿ˴һۣͺƽ˵ѧҲһˣҿǶӦͦá
ͬѧԾһֲ̫õԤС
ȻӦĲˣһѧУƶļƻֳӣͬѧ˵ϲλӱܿʼҪϰˡ


31 
ϰجһ, ԭĸѩϼ˪
ŴҵİҲûа취, ֻε˵ˣҲǶˣ𣿡
ͬѧǿߣҲû氡ĩҲҪڼҵÿֻϲܷɣϰһϵʱ䶼û˰
ʲô취أǿĸѧУĸϰģǶһѾѧУˡ
ҲôֻǶԴ˵һÿδϰİȫ֪ͨ鷢ȥ, ǽȥҳǩ֣ʼϰϰʱǴ7:30ϵ21:30Ҫס޵ͬѧǩֺǼǡ
Ű˵ŷѧʱ䣬ӳȻƲƲ졣
9ѧŽСʱ, Ҳ֪ЩСƨںɶ
ѧصҲҲʮ, ʰһ¾Ϳ˯, ڶѧ
ʵҲ۵ġ
ʦѧУܻử, ߴҸһ꣬ͽˡ
нأ
ӳȻǾʮˣȻ֪˸߿о, ϵĸֹĿԣʲôһ˵
ɿͬѧ⸱ģӳȻҲĴ, ֻܰôѧĻͷҪҪסУ
ǲҪ, סУ࣬ο˾סѧУ·ȥҲʮʮӣĥʮǰҲܵˡ
Ϊϰ飬ӳȻҪͷ˵飬Ƿɳ˷ƽĿʵҪ˵ʲô°
ӳȻһ㶣漴뵽ϰ¿κԼ˵Ƿ˵Ŷ˵ڲεǼ£ȱô뷽
ҦƳһ˵ˣƽÿһһļë͡
ӳȻ˼ˣҡҡͷ˵ˣ͡ˣѾˡ
ɡ
ҰѲ͹ȥȳԡ
ŷɶŲ뿪Ҧëһ߳һ˵ʲô취ҪȥƱô
ӳȻؿŷɵıӰƵ˵Ҫܱн룬ҾͲʲѧУˡ
Ҧ֣һһļëеӳȻˡ
ëͲ֪ӰǼһˣ
ཷҲཷ
ӳȻˡ
ҦŲܣǡļëԡ
***
ϷѧӳȻѧУİȫ褿˿֮һۣ˵ŵŷѧصҲʮô
ӳȻͷɡ
˵ҪҪÿȥ㰡
áӳȻ˰˵Һͷһѧͺˣô겻𣿡
Ա˵ͷҲУСһѧҲܰġ
褻ǲ̫ģϾŮҪ·ʲôģܶ
ǲ̫ġ˵ȻȥѧɣǸҹ࣬ҳװеʱǡ
˲ˡӳȻǵϱҲϰǸʱһ˹ģ˵ǳΰͦõģʲô£οŵ·ϻء
褻е㲻̫ģӳȻʹߴϽǩˣ컹ôȥѧУء
˯ǰ˻£ӳȻţȻСɾסУɣ
ӳȻڴε˵û£11˯ɣ
ڶ죬ӳȻѧʱ褻˵һЩ֪ɰҲûʲôϾ賿ĵŻҹ·ʲôҲǺܵġ
ӳȻ˵һϣȰ˵ĺá
Ҫ˵ڲźáӳȻͷѧУ·˵˭Ļġ
ɵôΪӳȻ˵Ҳǵ㡣
֪ӳȻЦû£ֲǵֻϰôء
š
һһѧУȥϰξ͹ǩֵİȫˣҪס޵˶Ǽһ£һʮʮѡסУ
ӳȻû˴Ҧʵ㲻סУô
ΪʲôҪסУҦʵרְ˾ѧοҰ˵£ѾѧУС׷ˣʱĲӦֱסȥ·ǡ
ӳȻƲƲ죬ʱҡ
ճһĿΣҪʼϰˣӳȻپȻͦڴ
ճؼҵѧͬѡס޵ϰҪ10ӣϢöֿʼɺøﻹøϾҶ֪ǸŬŬһͱҵˡ
ĽڿΡ
Ҫǰ˵ʦͣȻξ͵øʦϣɽȴĵһػΡ
һʦҲûʲô̫ĽѧҪúǱڽ̫ãżҲҪĥĥźС
ϣŶ̿¶ŽʵʦԴ˵Ůɻȥ򡣡
˻ϲ˳ɻǱʦЦŴȥˡ
ŮҲûɶ£˵ɻϾҸطɹɹ̫죬ƴùһЩվŮǣҪʲô
ʲô
ƹëЩˣûá
ŮΧһЩߣϾÿϿʱѾôˣżҲ˲ɹ̫ġ
Ҧë˹ӳȻ˵ëô
ӳȻüҲᡣ
ҽ㰡
ô򰡣
ŶҦе룬һĵݸ˷ɣӳȻ˵Һͷɴ͸Ǽˡ
ӳȻԶľ׷Ҧٳܡ
ɿԽԽԶεҡҡͷ
ôôɣ
18
ףѧ㣿
ɸпӳȻҦɵʱʹһϤһͷͿһЩվһľ档
ѧ㣬ΰЦ˵ҲΣɰ
ɳЦЦǰͦɵġ
ԴԼܾ룬ɼе㲻̫ˣȴȫ⣬Ķ˵ѧл𣿡
ɻͷ˿ëٳܵˣþлҲһ棬뻹ǳҡͷûС
ԾͺܿģЦŶ˵ãȱһˣѧҪҪ
򣿡Ա˵ȱһˣȥô
ôˣһǾѾܿˡеĶŲһһֻץţһֻǣɵ˵ѧҴȥͬѧк
ͬʱӳȻʵ׷ˣϥëָҦ˵Сӣôܵģô죿ǣӵģ𣿡
ҦҲ۵òᣬҲܵɲɾˣֱһƨ˫ִϥǳӳȻӵĲ֪϶ģ׷ô׷ô
ӳȻҲ۵Ĳ˵ȫҶ
Ҧָһ˵ӳȻ㿴
ʲôҶһ
㿴ô˰

ӳȻԾתͷȻŷɵ˵ЦľǱȥʱҲˣһеëһӣȾ˹ȥ


32 
ɣ
ӳȻӺ׷, ס˵Ҫʲôȥ
ɺԱعͷܵͷ󺹵;ȵ˵ôܳӰ
ӳȻ, һ˽յ֣;Լ׸ӱһ߷๾ðݡ
㻹ûشأҪȥӳȻǣ־Ͳ˳ۣһ־Ͱѷ˹
ȥǱߴ򡣡ɱӳȻ߬Ÿ첲Ҳﲻ̫Ծ
Ҳ֪ӳȻΪո̫ܵ˻ôɾ;Լ첲ָȣ̵ľͺһС¯
ӳȻ˷ɵĻͲˣͷ˵Ǹ, Ǹ߶ȥ˼ǱߴʲôҪϲҺҦ㰡
ҪëôɲĿë˴ģҾҪһˣһһ˲ô
ôܲࣿ
˺òã
ֻҪǸйص, ܶ࣡
ӳȻھҦͦ, ˴, Լ
˾, ҲεЦЦӳȻ˵ѧôѧҲΪû˸, Ҳһġ
ӳȻͷ˭˵û˸棬ء
˵ţӳȻҪɻȥ, ȴˡ
ӳȻŵĿԼžȻΪһ
ǷûвӳȻı, Ǵյ󣬶ӳȻ˵ҦȥëɣҸͦõģҲôס
ӳȻˡ

ף
ף
ЦӳȻ˵ѧ㣬Ǿˡ
۳ŷɾ͸뿪ˣӳȻվԭظ뻹ǲ÷ɺ𵥶ദ첽ĸȥ
Ϳѷɴ򳡵ϣѾڳصˣͷɾĴкĸΧһЩʲôĿġ
ӳȻ˵վԱߣµĿŷɺڴ
Ҧ˰βë˹ӳȻĿһֱڷϣεĿп˵ô£ȥô컹һù㡣
ӳȻͷûлأͿվ򳡵ﶢȥȻڽʱӵʱ¶Ĩɫϸ֫
ɫУҲɣƽʱ򿴲һӳȻĿͲķ˷ɵؿϣ¡زż¶İɫϸ
Լôôÿأ
ӳȻĶЩˣҦҲûǿɾȵ
ӳȻʱ͸оʲôءһҵԴӳȻһӾͱ֪ɹԴݺݵˤ˵ϡ
˶ˣӳȻ˳򣡡
ʲô߳źİ
һ˲䣬ӳȻΧΧ˲ٵˣĿڵϵӳȻͽæ˹ӳȻһæͷʵոĶˣ۲۰ҪҪȥҽҿ
ʱӳȻֻ̫ѨͻͻۣҲЩ˵ʲôֻ÷˹һһϵƺ˵ʲô
ӳȻ뿪ڣ˵ʲô˺ð㻺
߶ʦ߷͸æӳȻ΢һ²Żͷ˭ߵ򰡣֪ô
Χ˶˵ɱӳȻŵʵʦӦô죿ҪȥҽԺô
ȱżҿʦ˿ӳȻǱҵе֮ŶԷ˵ҽǱߵʦһ£ҿҲûʲôˣʵڲлǵȥҽԺĸƬӡ
һҪƬӳȻͰ˰֣òãҾеͷΣûʲôµġ
ɻǲģӳȻ˵Уǻȥɡ
ӳȻ΢һ㣬ŷɵĵģﻹͦģЦ;̫ѨļⱻۣǱʱͱùŹˡ
ҦҲԱ߿˿ƽ˵ȥҽңУҽô˵
˾˵ĺеһӳȻȥҽҡ
УҽӳȻڴϣȻµļһֵͲͫס
ʵӳȻѾöˣ߹ʱ˾ˣǸոһˣڻعͺˡ
Уҽ߶ʦ˵Ҳûɶ£ͦģҪʵڵľ۲һʱ䣬Ҫ˿λµĻȥҽԺ
ӳȻڴӹתŷɾ۾Уҽ˵ģ;ÿɰ̲סס˶Է֡
ɸоӳȻǣԼ־ͻعͷӳȻĵ˵û°ɣо𣿡
ӳȻҡҡͷ˵ܣеͷΡ
˵⻰ʱ߷ּ٣÷ܶһ
ʵ֤Ҳûжģô˵ҲУҽҽңҦȥˣȺ߶Сƨǵʦȥˡ
һӾ徻ˡ
ڲǰӳȻ֣˾ţżﲻ֮ģӳȻҲ˵ʵš
ż˵Լͷεģż˵Լڿˣż˵ͷеۡ
Ҳۣ첲ҲۣҪױܻһЩ
УҽûʲôˣͶԷ˵λͬѧȿ㣬ȥæһЩ飬Ҫǳʲôҡ
ɵͷõʦ
Уҽ뿪ǰĵİӸˣССҽҾͱ䣬˵ط󣬵һŴһҲ㹻ġ
ӳȻڵϣ۾ֱĶŷɣɶ˶ˡ
ϿҸʲôɲ
ӳȻգգ۾˵û£ǿ㡣
ոմʱ¶ǽϸ׵ʱˣ룬ǰôû͵ķĺأ
У̫ˣڸ˷ɵģƽֲôԼ·Ȼǲ֪ԷУ֮ʲôӵˡ
ӳȻϸȥѵʱ򣬷ɴС̿¶޳ȣ͸ӳȻˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܸԼס
ôţӳȻͺȻɣϲ𣿡
ƵĿͻȻ
ģʡӳȻ˵
룬ҡҡͷ˵ûСڸˣӦѧϰΪأϲϲҲǻ¡
ӳȻԾͲˣﰵ룺ʱ˷ɾȻԼܣǾ͵ŷۺɫ׵ʱ˵ɡ
ģӳȻ;еˣŷɵûһ˯ˡ
ٴʱ򣬷ŵѾǷˣҦ
ֻҦڰŪֻ۽ƳӳȻ˯˱˵֪˯ô
ӳȻ
ܡӳȻ˵˯Ӳ
˵ӳȻŲҦˣԼ˵ĳ£أ˯֮ǰԱߵ𣿡
㻹֪˯˰ҦֻЦĿӳȻ˵ȥʳôˣһͻҿһ˭֪ˡ
ӳȻӴ۾ŹǷ˵ڼ˰
չ12㡣
Ŷ𣿡
ûأһɻ˵ķ
ӳȻ֡ŶһҦŪֻƫͷʵҿ춼ֻ㶼ڿʲô
ҦƳһۣ˦֣Ʊ


33 
Ʊһ, ӳȻͺȻһֻصʮĸо
ǵǸʱҦͱֻ͵ԿǺ̵ĹУӳȻ, ҲǱҦѬյһ֪⡣
ԭΪҦǹͶʵ뷨ȴû뵽ȻڸʱѾʼŪˡ
ö˶˵ģ㿴ʲôӳȻʶľ˳
ҦԭɢɫȻ˳˺ܾò̧ۿ˿˵Ū𣿡
ʵҲ֡
ӳȻ֪ҦǸǳǮЩزҵģ˾ֵٸڣΪ˫ϵ, ѹ˾ֵ˼ڣϾǰһúõĹ˾ˡ
ںҦҸմ˾ʱ
ûк֣ҾǱȽϺѡӳȻԼĻСĿҦ˵ܿ𣿡
ҦƳһۣ㿴ö𣿡
Ȼô˵, ɻֱӰֻӳȻ
ӳȻֻ˿, ŷҦνƱ˰ѹеͼ, ȻڰԼ뷨
Ҧ˻Ǽ㹷Ƿ, 󲿷̵ֶġ
͵һƬҦرһž²ˡ
ǣ˵⡭ӳȻ˰ſ·, ͷһ¶ʮˣôģ
ҦΪĿʲôʲôʲô취
ӳȻ
Ҧ˵Ұ˵, Ǯ֣һԼץס۹⡣
ȻҲʲôץס۹⡯, ֻ֪ԼʲôʲôżһƮģԼֻҪһӹ϶̡
ö֮ҦҲͿˣԼϣԺǼ̳мҲԵĺá
͸Ҧ˼ӳȻƵ̾˿
˼Ĺ˾ɷݣ뵽漸⼸˾ʵģֿ˿ڵĹɼ飬Ȼ˸뷨

ӳȻ̧ͷ˵Ҹ¡
ҦĿһۣʾԷ˵
֪мԺǵĺܺãҪҪҵģ

ҦӳȻ˵֪ܶ˶˵һĻ𣿡
ӳȻһ˵֪ҲǸ˼
ðɡҦζĿԴ˵һҪ׬ǮǮô֣
㻹ûô֪׬Ǯ
׬Ǯҷʲôأ
˵Ҳǡ
ӳȻڴͷҦһδ飬ѡ˼ѾʼͷĹƱҦ˵ЩѾʼˣԺᷭüǷ׼û
ҦĿӳȻδĹ滮ӳȻ˵Ĳʱſʵô˵ҵǮܷü
ֹüõĻӸ0ҲΪ
ӳȻ֪ǻͶƵķڣ϶ɱǡ
ЩСƱδΪţɣڻ¡
Ըҵģ϶ᷭӳȻնĶ˵
áҦ޳ָָָԼֻӳȻ˵ԺҵĹˣ׬Ǯ϶һݡ
ӳȻ棺ôô׾ңƭ㣿
ҦЦʲôʲôƭʲôأ˵ˣֻԱǮ
ӳȻ֪ҦǸзĵĹ֮ǰ˲ʱԸԼڷԸԼȥǮˡ
ҦӦ²˹ϵܣҦΡ
ҲҪҶǮӳȻ̫˼ĶҦ˵ҾѧѣĲҪһǮԸ߸ĸǾ
ԼôŶǸˣ׬ѧѻǰõġ
Ҧüë˵ԭŪ˰죬Ϊɰ
ӳȻգգ۾ȻΪΪ˭
Ҧûӻ磬ֱͦ˿α˵ɸѧѣҲҪһ²׬Ǯûʱô죿
ӳȻ΢΢ĥһ£ȻǸ˼ϵĳˣȴֻ18꣬ûʽԼǸѧȥ׬Ǯأ
ЩԼܵѹǮóҲͼǧǮܳŷһµѧѡ
Ǳˮн
ӳȻΪѵģҦ˵һǮ˵ʲô͵ҽġ
ӳȻԾ̧ͷȷ
Ҫ㰴Ϣÿ»ҡҦڵ˵ո˵׬Ǯɡ
˺ϼһ£ӳȻҦѡʵĹƱ׬ǮҦг۷ָӳȻɵѧҦȸӳȻȻÿ°Ϣ
ǮˣԸԸȥѧǾӳȻĹˡ
һɾʹֺзˣ˴һ߶߶ģƣҲ֪˴ʲô
***
ӳȻΪεʱҽҽҵڰ༶ﲻֶߣȻֻǱҵһԴκģɰǲ̫ģҽϢ
ԭģϾˣҲϣɵѧϰ
οҽﻹУҽء
һʱ䣬ӳȻҽҵĴϢǰʱȱľˡ
˯һ磬ٴ۵ʱ򣬴ѾսһƬϦ
ٺɫĹڰɫĴϣӳȻУ԰㲥ﲥŵ֪Ѿ˷ѧʱ
𴲵ʱ򣬾˷ɵ
ʦӳȻûʲôɣ
һŰɫӣӳȻУҽԻ
ûʲô£˯һڻ˯ءУҽԷ˵ԽȥҪûʲô˾ͿԻؼˡ
õģллʦ
ӳȻɵĽŲ͸æ۾ڴװ˯
ŵÿӣƽڴӳȻ
ɫĹâϣŶԷŨϸĽëһ㡣
߹ܵķŵ˿ӳȻҪҪʱϵһӾ۾
ĿײɱһССľһҪˣȴӳȻۼֿ˹
šꡯһ죬ҽҵĲ΢΢˻Ρ
ɵֳӳȻߣһֱֻŵ˽ס
ոյҲһӲ˿̻عŷַɼҪ˶ſڶԷˡ
˵ĺ˲ӿһЩɵĺӳȻҲͨġ
ôˣ
УҽҲûϻͷʡ
ΪӵţУҽûпĶ
û¡
ӳȻ߬ŷɵֶУҽ˵ողСӡ
ŶУҽӦһתͷԼĶ˵ҳȥһ£ʰþԼȥɡ
õʦ
УҽĽŲнԶӳȻƫͷͨķɣ˵ʦˡ
պ˵ģҲĿ졣
˿ά÷ɺܱŤššӳȻץŵСĶ˵㡢֡
ӳȻǵû֣һִֻ˷ɵϣԼľһЩ
øˣȥӳȻ۾ߵֶֻʼ΢΢
ӳȻڸʲô
δҲ̫ˣоٽһ˾һ
㡢ɿҰʵǾֺᣬԹӳȻһۣΪѵ˵ҵֺᣬ


34 
ӳȻǺߴԹСŪ, ھͰ˱ڻǡ
뺬ס촽У, һЩ˲顣
ӳȻ룬Լ߶һ˻ûкͷȣ֮ǰҲĹ£СˣıÿҪըˡ
ԼŰ
ӳȻ죬ֻÿڸģ§ŷ΢΢ѹ
ɷɴԼĺˣһûסӳȻ, ֻײϡ


ҽ˲ӳȻæɿԼͣоǻһζָһģ촽Ȼɸˡ
Ҳûõȥ촽Ҳ, ˿ʹӴ, ۵ֱ¡
ʲô
ɶ, ۿͮͮĿӳȻ, Ҳ֪ûߵġ
ոճŲסȥʱǿǷɵĳǣȻּ, ίۿͮͮģǸСӡ
ӳȻҲ˵Ĳᣬ촽, ˿ӴͬǱķɣҲ֪ӦЦȰο
, ǷΧȴȫͬ
ŸԡɱʽϮ
˼û°ɣӳȻҸով㿪Цĵˣ
۽ᣬ̧ͷӳȻ
ӳȻǸĿ˿촽ϵ˿ڣС˵۲۰ҪҪϵҩ
촽ôҩеˣ
ӳȻæ˴վڷǰ۲һ²˵ȥҽʲôҩ
ۿҪߣץ˵ˣƵҵҩҵ춼ˡ
˵ţҲ˿ӳȻϵ˿ڣ촽ƺԼҪһЩ
ӦģɿӳȻ⸱ģҲˡ
ˣǵʲôҲӳȻϵôˣһھһڰɣοҲȫǸ⡣
۲һ˵˿ڣֻεĿӳȻһۣʹԭˡ
ҶʰˣһҦùˡɰѴãŶӳȻ˵һǾͻؼҰɡ
ӳȻ˵ͷ˵ʲôͿҦ
һҦԭأ˵촽˰β˵ǲǴŵˣȻٳȥһȦ
ءһ¾ͺˣæ͵ģˡ
Ҧȴգգ۾ӳȻ˵ˣ
ʲô᣿ӳȻҲĺ߹Լ˵Ǹ⡣
ҦŶ˺óһӳȻ
ѧУſڷֱʱҦӳȻ˵Լ顣
ɫͺ뿪ɲŲӳȻʲô鰡
һô˵Ļأ
ӳȻͷ˷һۣ˵ٸ˵ȻؼҰɡ
ʲô°صġɲԣɻûȥ׷ʡ
˼֮褺ͿӳȻϵĺۼ˶΢΢һ㶡
ӳȻҲΣԼױ跢ô죿
ô죬ֻˡ
Զʱҧ졣ӳȻεĶԸĸ˵ٷŵɡ
㬵һһƵ˵ƽŵҲడǲǰ
εӣ԰˵ȥɣҽ컹ȥֵҹء
˸˵ͳȥˣӳȻ̾˿۵ǣֻȻݻ·
ϵʱӳȻȥ÷ɼҵš
Ҫʼϰˣ̯λϿҲ˺ܶ࣬Է⼸춼ڼʵʵдҵӳȻ˾ͿŰӭ
ʲô°ɺʵ
ӵĲֶһģֻڷɼҵĿ챻ɲֿˣ˸ָĶ˺üŶƷ
ﻹһɵζڷɵķûζ
ӳȻڷɵĴϣ˿õøɾҾ˵ﶫöడ
ɰһ£ͷ˵ͱӣһЩòľˣСһš
ҲͦáӳȻڴϿŷɣ˰β˵ɣȥϲΰɡ
ţ
֪϶û㸸ĸ˵ҲˣȻȤǾȥѧ㲻õġ
ԱʹüۣӳȻ֪ʲô˵ѧѾŪˣǾȥɡ
ѧѣ̧ͷĿŪôǮ
ӳȻЦЦ˵ͲùˣֻҪҵȥѧˡ
ȴҡҡͷ㲻ùЩˣȥ˷ǸǮˡ
Ͷô˷أӳȻ˵ܿϲȻϲȥѧѧѵѾˣ㲻Ҫġ
ɻ˵ʲôӳȻʹ
֪ϲ˵ﻹĽġӳȻƽĶԷ˵Ժѧͺˣ͸ȥ
ӳȻ
ɵ΢΢Щݣ۾ŶԷʵΪʲôôã
ΪʲôҪŪѧѣ
ΪʲôҪ˵Щ
ͨѹϵôбҪ̶ֳ
ӳȻҲ֪Ӧôشܲ˵ΪδŰɣ
ʱڣӳȻǲ̫Լ˼
ǶԷкøеģϾ÷ʶô꣬һѾʮˣûҲˡ
ӳȻ־Լûôɣûֺҵİ
ԷɵĸϸˮѾֲԼ׶顢飬顣
ָ飬ӳȻԷɺãҪʲôԼŬȥɣ۸ӳȻҲƴĳȥֻǸ׬ѧѶѣʲôѵġ
ȻôˣӳȻܵûشǣ
ʵҲ֪ӳȻԷʵʵ˵ֻǾȻôϲҾӦΪϲŬŬ
ɵ΢΢˸촽о΢΢Ĵʹ
ʵӳȻǲΪϲôģ⻰ȴô˵ڡ
һԷ˼أ
һԷأ
ҪҪӦԷأ
ʶôãͻȻһϲԷǲǺ֣
˵˵
һӳȻϲԼˣǴӦǲӦ
ѱܾú֡
ԼҪǾܾӳȻǲѶˣ
һ뵽ǸеëëģȻżӳȻɵɵģ˹ϵһֱܺãһҪΪѡ
ǵöģ
ɺ룬ŶӳȻ˵ҿǿ𣿡
ʲôӳȻȫ֪ɸոյæ´ŷɵ˵ζҪȥǮҶ׼ˡ
룬벻ͨһ͵ӳȻǴŪһǮԼѧѵġ
ҪҴӦԡ˵һһʮİ鶼˵Ҫ͵Ǯλҡ
ӳȻЦüۣϹ˵ҵǮ·ǹġ
ɲţ˵˵Ҿͬ⡣
ӳȻ룬ŰѽҦĽֻһЩĶѡ
󣬷źÿüëҦǮܻһô죿
һϣҾʹѧʱ˲ˮµӳȻЦӯӯ˵ڹѧҲܸϡ


35 
ڸϰ, Ǵߵ뿪ʼһֱϵŵ룬ڼϢһ, ʱڽԼϰ
ΪǸտʼʦֻǵĲҵôȵ˺ҲᰲһЩʦϿΡ
ȻЩǺŻеİš
ϰʦҲһֱţһ㶼ǰιĿһľÿδɡ
ָ˷ΪɹԱڰβڵʱ
տʼϰһ棬˷ҲûʲôطȥУҲĹر, Դһ϶ص˰༶һġ
ɰʦõҵдںڰϣȻַȥŲͬĿľӡ
ЩϰҪˡ
ɣҲ̫˰ɣеͬѧͿʼԹƽϰҲûôҵžӻжϰҪһꣿ
һ߷һ߸Ц, Ҳû취, ʦõġ
ɴúѧд, ǳɣ
а, ߿Ҳȥ˼ò㳭
С
ȷɰԾӳȻߵʱſ˿ǰ, ˵Ҫʲôľҡ
ӳȻ̧ͷЦЦʾ֪ˡ
ߵ뿪ʼʽϰŽ̰߽, Դ˵ҵ
ͬѧǺߺóʿʼдԾ, ӳȻҲ˿Щҵд
Ҫ˵˶ǺƢںŵĿλд̰мסСͿʼഫֽˡ
һСӵӳȻϣ̧ͷ˿־ȻҦӵġ
ճһŵϰֽͿҦдһ仰дˣ
ӳȻƲƲ죬ϰûأд٣
СֽӳӳȻӳҦչʾһ£ʾԼһֶûд
ȿȡ
ںһ˵ҪСúдԼҵ
ӳȻӣæԼԾǵҦһЦ
ҲߵĶ˷ɵע⣬һͷͿӳȻһյģ²ոʦ˵Ӧ
ϰһСʱͿ˸ֱñſμߵߣͷ˵仰
»ذ칫һˣ½ڿξͲˡ㸺𶢰Ķ̫ҡϲȻʲôҲæ
Ե˵ͷ֪ˣʦ
뿪˲˿
Ҳ֪˭ĵ˵һ䣺ʦˡ
һ仰ԭϰһӾҶĵŪСͦ
ӣ˵дҵʦһͻˡ
ԱߵƤͬѧ˵Ϲ˵Ҹոնˣʦ˵²ˡ
˭˵ˣҽɸæ˵ҵ𷢳
¼ίԱɲѰ~
ˡ
ʱӳȻ˻أΪԼɼܺã
Ҳ֪ΪӳȻ̫ӲΪĻ˵Ҷεʼ磬ԼԾˡ
ɻͷӳȻһۣŷѾͷҵˡ
һϰʮӵϢʱ䣬ɾߵӳȻߣСĶ˵ոллˡ
ӳȻϳԴʵôлң
ɣ
˵ллզƮˣ
ɷתһ룬ϾӳȻǰԼôŶһʡ
Ҫ˵Ǿ˵
˵ɣҪôл㣿վԱʵ
ӳȻ¶ƯСһЦڳ﷭ȥʲôȻһɿǹ˷ɵ
ҿûԶ٣Ƶ˾ŵ϶ˡӳȻͷ˵£͵Ǳˡ
еɿȣɲĿ˿˰β΢΢Ǻ˵
šӳȻͷҾֻҪǻͷˣǻؼҵ·ٳԵġ
еˡɲɫֽѲһɿĶĸڻˡ
𡣡Сӣ˵ǲɿˡ
ʱ䳤´˾͸㡣
š
ɽɿӳȻϤĲϤӣֻ˿˿ġ
ӳȻɿⶥȥģƵʵʲô
С·ϻᾭϽֺ·ˣĸطкóԵģļҵ꾭Ӫ㶼
ӳȻϸ룬˵ȥ߻ȥԳ氡Ҳ֪ǳȥǼ߹ݾŵزš
ذɡ˵ʮŹţȥá
аǷѧǾ·ȥһˡ
š
û˵Ͱˣɿ˿ӳȻôôòڣĪ֮ǰҽģ
촽ء
ɲɵĶӺ˺죬Ϊ˱Լ˼룬ŸæŲ۾ӳȻ˵Ȼλˣѧ㡣
ӳȻûüڣͿһӾˡ
ɵö˶˵ʲô
žડ
ӳȻû׵ʱһֽžϡ
һͷͿҦλϳԼʾӳȻֽ
вˣμлֱ˵ʲôֽ
ӳȻȻһ䣬ɻչֻֽֽдһ֣ǸոĵˣҲߣԳ档
ֽӳȻסˣߵҦǰץҡΡ
߸ʲôϵ
ʲôϵ
˾죬һֱڶϰʼŷֿ
˾ŵ룬ֹһˣŴҶúõҵҵͬѧ͸ϰΣʵ⡣
¿Ŷ԰༶ͬѧ˵ȥ·϶עⰲȫס޵ѧϵ10ٻᣬ߶ͬѧϽ뿪ͬѧϰ
󲿷ͬѧæܳ˽ңӳȻʰĺܿ죬վڷ߿װ˵żʰһȥԷ
šɵ˵ͷȴûпѶʰ֮źһš
Ҧſڵˣ˳Ƶ˵ȥ԰Ҳȥ
ӳȻˣҦǸСȥҲȥ
˾ؼҰ
һӳȻڵ˾Ҫǲ㣬һȥ
ҦƲƲ죬˫ֲ嶵˵ˣҰ˾ѧУſڵң㲻ˡ
Ǿ¡ӳȻ˵ҲԶ߹ȥٻʱҲ
Ҧ۾ˣĳʦķȻóԣһ˳һӷҲû˼ҦϲӳȻһ𣬾ǳԼǮһҲǸ˵ġ
˵˰һԡҦ˷ܵСƨӳȻͷ˵һûԹ·ߵ߹ݣҲ֪òóԡ
˾һ˵˵ЦЦһѧУſȥͦ࣬ټǵһϰѧУſڵļҳ治١
ӳȻմԷ˵ʲôʱ򣬾Ϳ˼ϤӰǻ˻֡
ֻ褡Լ÷ĸ˶ˣΧڲԶĻ̳ߣɺӳȻУžӭ˹
裿ȻҲˣæӭʵǽôѧУˣû̯𣿡
Ҳûʲô⣬ǰ̯Ƿѧˡ÷ЦӯӯɵԴתͷӳȻҦ˵ȻȻǲǾϴһ˵Ǹͬѧ


36 
÷ǵǰʱӳȻͷɴ˸Сͬѧ, ˶ˣǺ÷Сͬѧ˳
Ҧĸĸ, 񰵵һæɫòĴк尢Ǻá
úúá˿Ҧϴ۵ʱڹϰ࣬⻹ͷһμҦôˣ費ѧ𣿡
ҦĬû˵ӳȻæקקԼֵ½˵˼Ұæأһ㶼Ǽ˾
Լû뵽һ㣬ˡ
ҦŷɺӳȻһ, ûյĺ÷ǳòԼ˵˾ǱߵˣҾȹȥˣ尢ǻȥ·Сġ
ӳȻԷƺ̫ãһ˵ؼҲעⰲȫ
Ҧ˵ͷתˡ
ȻҲоԾ, ӳȻһ۲˵񲻿ˡ
ӳȻεĵ˵ͷ, ǿҶиĸ, İڴ˾, ȫûаҦһٸ߿ĺӡ
ҳԺϵģҲѡڸڹ顣
оչֵֹģСʵǲ˵ʲôˣ
ӳȻͷһԼĵ, ε˵ûʲô£ѧҺͺˣǸϽȥɡ
˵, ɵԹ˵ϰҺͷһؼҾôô˰
ȴЦ˵Ҹͷһҹ·, Сﺦ£ֽ첻ֵҹ࣬տ̯Ҳûʲô⣬ϼƺϼƾͶˡ
һһ·һ·룬Ҳܰ
ڻƵ·£ӳȻλҳ߶߶Ͳǰӡ
ʱԼĸĸİ¶ݺھӰæŪģӳȻȥϿεʱѾϰüˡ
Ǹʱ򲻻Լѧÿ춼ǷԼ
糿緹ӳȻһԣϰ˾Ƶҹ·
һֱ˸߿
ӳȻ˿Լߵķɣ뵽ԼԼ϶ǰȥġ
ǸʱΪӳȻѾˣҲû˴չ˵ӳȻҲˣԼȥͺá
18굽ҲֻǸӣӳȻһܴʲô⣿
ķ˶
ҪзɺĸİģӳȻԼƽƽıҵҲ϶ûԺӡ
ΪӳȻĿ̫ȣɲɵĻͷ˿Ĵսʵôˣ
ûӳȻŲ۾˵Ҿ룬ǻҪҪȥߡ
ɶ߰褻ͷ˵ﶼ׼óԵˣٳ԰ɡ
Ծͺ棺׼ʲô˰
ȷеˡ
ҪԼİҲԹˣҪ֪ôԼһѧѵøĸĺܿġ
ں̣һ˵㿾˵㴮ˣȥߦ棬ϵı̫࣬Ȼ˯š
һôóԵģӳȻҲʼȤˣؼҵĽŲ˲١
صҾͿϰһӵķˣ褺ͺ÷ȥŪߦˣͷһ߿ƿơƣӳȻһԴ
Ĵĸ⾢ѡĶõ⣬ɴϵƵտϣͶġ
ӳȻ͸оͿʼˣҲǣ˶ˢˢüͷȥԼǡ
Ůģͺ棺˵һû֣ô£ͬһطأ
Ҳ̧ͷۣŷֺǡ
ܲܶһԷҧ촽İɣգգ۾ʵ
һ㶣ӳȻ͸Ͻ˵˵ɶأǳԷҧƵ촽СǲСˤһӡ
Сˤģ⻰͹еʵôŮˤزذҿ
ɲڵĶ㿪Ŷ˵û£ͺˣÿ
ҲҡŴ˵ûôҼɶ֪Ͳôˣǲ۰ȵˮһߦ͵ˡ
Ц˵㿴⵱Ķ಻ְõĹŮԺעŵ㣬˵һŮ͸űСкˡ
Ϲ˵ɲŶˣ˵Скܾ͸СкܣҲ˵ңȻȻҲüĿô˵ܵıҼСɻء
ǼȻȻ̸Ҳõ˴ѧ̸һ̸ֻصģصһɲǡ
˵úһȻȻ濴صأ㻹ް
ǾȻȻҸСģ
ԵͷơƸ϶˵ǼɶҲҸСģŻס
߶߶˵ż޹ŮĻӳȻĵ̾˿
Űɣȹ꿴˭Ȣ˭
˵һߣ涼һСء
ӳȻһ²ۣһ߿ͬһСķɣССݿǩϵ⣬ԭ۵촽˿̺ģһԲ
ӳȻһ
㡢ˡӳȻչԷ˵㿴춼ˣٳԾͱܲˡ
ʹüͷǩϻʣµΪѣҲ˷ѰҰꡣ
۳ŷҪȥԣӳȻۼֿĴùǩӣǿˣʣµҰԵˣȵˮһҪԡ
ɾ۳Լ֮ǰһ⴮ȥֿʼǺˣ˵ҲͰ͵ġ
㡭ҸոնԹˣô԰ͮͮĿ
ţӳȻһ촽ϵʹһƵ˵Ծͳ£ɶϵһʱٰ
ʱҲûԼأôڷأ
ɺû˵תȥ˸ˮëԡ
˾Цӯӯĵ٩䣬褺ͺ÷ѾˣڷɺӳȻǰȰ˵ȳԣ˿ߦ棬ˣϽ˯컹Ҫѧء
˵ŻѵȾƵˣٺȵ㣬ӳ극ϢˣҲûƵȡ
ЦӯӯĿֺͦǣкŰԼߣѲС
һٷԵӳȻǳ泩Ѿܾûгž۵ζˡ
ڣİԼŵİ趼ľһ𣬾˼ƽܰҹһ
ӳȻ۾ȵġ
Ⱥļ˿ߦѾʮˣٲ˯ͳˣ´ϢĸһӰᵽȥԣһϢ
ӳȻ˯ʱԼĹҵĶƤ˯ġ
***
ڶһ磬ӳȻͺͷһ˽ҡ
ҦѾλˣӳȻһ۾ͶԷ˵Ȼλȥɣȥ˵˵
ɿ˿Ҧֿ˿ӳȻ˵ţ㰲οοһȥߡ
ӳȻ˸OKƣ߹Ҧк
簡
Ҧ̧ͷӳȻһۣƽ˵һʲô𣿡
û£ǿߵôǲǲˡ
ҼŻؼ˯вˡ
𣿡ӳȻĵͷ˰ξЦ¶ÿС˵ûͺãҺͷԼȥߣһô
Ҧ鵭ģŵͷá


37 
ѧʱ, ɱе칫˵һʲô£ӳȻҦĵſڰ칫ԱߵϿġ
һһӵ, Թѧʵ̫ˡ
챳ôණҸоԼֻѼӡӳȻſȳԴ˵ʲôʱǸͷ
˵ӳȻ;Լⷬƺĸط˵
Ҧȣİͷţŵߵߺ˵ͷϴѧ꣬ϴѧͽŸͷ
ӳȻԴ̾˿ƹŹֵҦһ۲˵ֻ𣿡
ˡҦջز, ſ˵㻹˵ڶһҶʲôʲôͷһؿɫߡ
Լ˵ôǰǺǮ档
ΪҰ֡
Ҧε۾, ֻèһ˵˾, һߴŹ˾һתʲ, Ұ־һŮ, Ȼöණҵ¡
΢΢ŤͷӳȻЦ˵˵ҵĶ칫¥, ʮʹССҹ˾Ժҵ͸, ҲɻҹС
ӳȻ֪ҦҲ˵˵, ĸ˾͵͵תʲôܵô
Ҳڱǰʾѣ޵Сˡ
аӳȻҲԸɨˣЦܴô
Ƿɾܴ
˵ɾѾӰ칫ҳˣԼ־ƣҪʲô
ҦͷЦȥ֡
ɣ
չʵ˵ȥôôҪ֣ݾһСʱʱ䣬пչְ
ӳȻЦüۣϹ˵˵Ժϰ׬Ǯ˴ȥ֡
Ŷգգ۾ЦǻأǿȥԷɣҶˡ
߰ɡӳȻ˵ǳԵ߹ﲻԶ߹ȥҪ10ӡ
˳Уţ·ǰš
ҦûôԹ·̯ͷһس·̯ӳȻȥɰտ̯ǻأǰϵǹѧУ綼ǲųԷģѧУʳöͣʲôԼá
ĶͦϵεģϾǱҲǹѧУҦԵľţţٴһˮһ綼ö
صҲרҵĳʦͣ·ЩɲĶûôԹ
߹ݾͰƴһСأϰմɨһӣӳȻʹ˽ˡ
ҪߣȻڸոմɨõǰ
Ӿ۵۵ӣҲӲģƨɡ
Ҧ˿ƴСݣĿ˹ǽϵľӪ֤֤ϣ˰βĵԼǰˣҵɾ𣿡
ӳȻ˿ںߵϰĵĶҦ˵Բ㡣
ɸ仰룺ӳȻ˼ܸɾģûʲô⣬Ժܾˡ
Ҧ㬵ĵ˵ͷŶ
ڵ߾ҦŵζͿڶѾһԿӽ
ӳȻԱߵĴƿʷɣҪô
ɵ˵ͷ
ҦͿӳȻǴƿĴ׵һЩڷɵȻָԼһ㣬̧ͷʵҪô
ҪҦ˵ҲԴס
Դû갡
ҲҪ
ӳȻûа취ֻȰѴƿ£Ҧ˵ҪӴ˾Լӡ
ճ߻̣ӳȻ˴֮ŴڵĳɳԷ˹˹ģÿӼߴִڵҧһڣʣµߵŨֽ֭£ټԡ
˵ĳ࣬ҦŵͷԼǰߣ˺þòһԿ
ϰĺܾ֭Ҳǳ㣬УóԼˡ
ҦԭΪ·̯ĲӬжóԵĶһȻĺܲ
ųҦԱߵĴƿҲѧӳȻӵһĴףԵľ͸ˡ
ȳԱʱҲˣһ˴˸һ߳һѧУȥ
ҦԵͣܿĳԵĺܿġ
»԰ɡҦʳ֪ζ˵ҿһ⽣֪òóԡ
ӳȻҧſ˵ûߺóԣҪ´ȥֳԣǱһرóԡ
ƫͷǼ𣿡
ԣô
ѽǼԱߵＹҲܺóԣйҲóԡ
ǵʱһȥ
ӳȻͷɹ滮֮ȥԳԺȺȣҦű㿪ʼЩ
ӳȻԼǲҦƺߣôˣǲǽǰ̫һ
ûʲôҦƽ˵ǾҸÿ춼üֿġ
ɲԵĿ˿Ҧֿ˿ӳȻ
ӳȻȻ֪ҦĽᣬ˵ǸǮĸĸƺرһôҲֻŪҪּҷֲƲ
ô˵ӳȻοʵԺҲܿĵģ¶Ҫóȥ롣
ӳȻҲʧȥĸΪһӶյεУʮҦ顣
ͥܰ޲֣õԸˡ
Ҧʹü۵˵ͷٵİԸڱǰ¶㣬ҲչʾԼõһ档
Ȼ˵˵ʲôǹɶµûв졣
˱Ļ⣬׼ʱһͬȥѵ౨
***
һ磬ɾˡ
ϸӳȻҦ˵Ҫȥѵ౨һֱûԼĸĸ
۳žҪʮĩˣԽԽ
ǰտ̯賿㻹ԣڹ˾ʮϾûˡ
ȻûˣҲûмĵˣǶ12̯ˣ˼ҡ
糿7࣬÷Ūһ׾ˣϡƵ첻ôô˯ôʲôȥ
ɻͷһۺ÷Ųڵ˵ӳȻԼȥ꿴顣
ô÷һǸӳȻȥģҲģϾһӰġ
費ҪǮ÷ߵ¼Ǳߴ׿ڴ˼źƱɣ˵ȥ꿴ϲҿϰҲˣҪĻҲ
ɿеļٿǮ֪ⲻã⼸ٿǮ˵һҹӪҵˣôҪ
裬ҲҪǮġɶ˵ϰﻹУҲʲô飬ȥ
ܵɣ
ǮǮҲûá
ôԸǮ÷Ҳûа취ˣֻ̾˿Է˵УҪǮ͸˵ʲô
šЦһġ
緹Ҳߵ룬ǰ˵뿪ʼټʱҲҪСʱ
ɰҪĶ׼ãȥӳȻҵš
ӳȻǸûãĴųɵһ硯
Ҧ˵ֱȥѵǱߣͲˡӳȻһſڻЬһ߶Է˵ֱӹȥ
á
˵꣬ͿӳȻЬӣԱһԿס
ԿʲôƵ尢ĩڼ𣿡
ڼҰӳȻ˻еԿ˵ҲŰĵ綯ˣǾͲüˡ


38 
ʮǰĵƿûкôϸĹ涨ܴ, ǻͷɶġ
ӳȻʱرЩܺͻȻֵĵƿÿζ޲ҡ³, ɵϵ綯ʱͺȻˡ
Ϊʵ̫ôˣ
ɻͷһӳȻĵƿϣץŶԷףɵʵǲ̫˰ǲʱģ
ӳȻԱЦ찡⻹ûҿٶȿأ
ƣûôĳ
ӳȻûлش𣬵Ƿٶ˵˵ģϻͦġ
ȵֽ£ֻ10ңŻ20ȡ
˿˵ӶûȻǺ, ټ綯Сһ
쬵ġ
ɱӳȻţûö䣬ֻô˵ЩˣĺҪҪ
û£18СӳȻЦûûΣ˵ͷȽȥһ, Ͼ͵ˡ
̵, ӳȻŷɾѵǶ¥ʻȥ
ӳȻͣ˳, Ÿæһ·С˹, վ·ߵЦͣеԶ
ɿ峿紵ˣĵĴ˹ԷƤ, Թ´λɡ
ӳȻЦס˷ɵ֣ȴ˵Сʱ綯15, ĸ죿
ɵԽԽˣǵİ, ӳȻֵ˵ȻԺͱˣҶôˣһҲϲϰġ
ӳȻû̻ش˵ʱڿȽȥɣҦһ
ȵȡɸæסӳȻ֣˵㻹û緹ɣȥ㡣
˵ţɱɿӳȻ֣ܵ·̯λӺһȺĶźӳȻһ˴¥
Ϊʵ̫ˣѵﻹûжˣǰ̨˽֪ҪԱˣ8ʦϰȥ
ϢӳȻȺİӺͶ˶˹
ûһ½½ˣҦҲŵ㵽˵ط˱æ˹
Ǳ𣿡Ҧ˵·е³Ӧûٵɡ
ûСӳȻ˵ʦ8ϰ࣬Ǯոպá
Ҧһۣǰ̨кǣһȥĻҡ
ѧǰ½ģһԸǿԴ۵ġ
ҦܸɴİǮ꣬ټ̲ĵǮһһǧǮ
ɿŷƱϵĽел㱵ģ֪ԼǲȷģϾһͨѧⱲӹƶûôǮ
Ǯ֮ҦתͷԷ˵Ǯ㸶ˣÿϿΣҪǾԼ̫໹ټѵǾǶǮˣϿεĴ½ᡣ
һҦô˵͸æҡͷ˲ˣҾǸʦ̵ľͦãӦò̫ࡣ
ӳȻŷɵô˵ôÿ϶ϿΣǳġ
ûáɶԶ˵ҲҰ費ͬ⣬ѧɼٸ˵
Ҧûʲôֻǿ˿ʱ˵ϾҪϿˣץȥɡ
ɵ˵ͷѶŶԶ˵Ҫؼ𣿡
ˣؼҸʲôӳȻأһҦ˵Ҹȥ֣˿θǴ绰
Ϊĩ˶ֻˣҲϵ
˸߳׼ߵʱ򣬾Ϳһǳˡ
ԼҲûϵٴμǣʱ˵۾æܹʵѧ㣬ôⰡ
ֿϵĿαվݣ˷һµ˵ѧҲˣ
šʵϲǰѧõģЦոձһϣ֪ܸܲϡ
ѧôֺã϶ܸϵġŷɵĸ첲˵ϣⲻǻôѧ͸һʲôҾͺˡ
ӳȻĿŵĸ첲ϣȡ
ô˸أ
֮ǰѧУʱ͹ƶ˵ѷƭȥԼۼֿ˻ȴû뵽ѵྐྵȻһ
ҪǱ̫𣬶ҶԲҲȤֵõڷԱߣ
ӳȻԽԽɻǵðڳһ󷿡Ŀȶ˵ȻǼСɾͰˡ
ɺĿӳȻһۣܾЦúü٣ʲôʱ˵ôˣ
ǼСɡ
˸£ŶӳȻ˵ȥһɣ11ȥǡ
áӳȻƤЦⲻЦĶԶ˵㣬һؼҡ
ɲԵĿܾ˵ģֺûʲôֻ㬵ġšһͺһȥ˽ҡ
ˣҦ˴ӳȻ˵ЦˣٵҪ˼Ҷˡ
ӳȻԼЦݣҧгݵ˵ôء
ҦЦĿֹӳȻļ˵ԴҲûã˼ҷɸûǱ룬һ⳪Ϸ޲İ
ӳȻ˵˵ţҳԴʲô𣿡
ҦƣʲôʱˣԺ𣿡
ӳȻ죬˰β˵ͱˣȥ̳תת̳Ӧû㿪š
ðҦ˵·ˣȥһ䣬Ҫ㴩źÿģҲһ
ģӳȻƳһۣ˵ǾллСˣСĵʱ
ҦЦüۣǾ߰ɣСȻӡ
***
Ļͦ󣬲ʲô߶˵ѳǺͨĹ㳡
ӳȻҦ˺ܾãҦҪǾⲻÿǾǲÿ
Ҳ֪ôԸתѧģӳȻѧУУֳִҲûҦ˵һ䲻⡣
ӳȻԹҦӳȻ˵УУ··УٳҲôԼ·Ͳһ˰ÿһܲҪ
ԶԶԡӳȻ˵˵Ķԣȥҿɣо
ݷ񣬲ȥ
ȥңǿڷ϶ϲ
߰ĿΣȥ
ݳƷƣ϶ϲİɣ
һѧôøʲôűôȥ
ӳȻΣֻܴҦ̳˼Ҫ̳ˣҲֻ˼ʵ·
Ų쵽ʱˣȥ¥ϲ͹ռλˡ
ĩ˶࣬Ҫȥ˹ƻŶӡӳȻͳֻһʱ䣬ܿ͵ʮһˣȥȷɹʱոպá
һһ߸ɷϢʱʱߵˣʲô͡
Ҧ룬
ԵһζӳȻȻô˵ҲԻˣҦ˵ԻҲУҪԧҺͷʱ䶼̫ܳġ
ҦƳӳȻ촽һۣҪ
㵽ǰˣ
ҦӳȻ죬ȴ󿴵һϤӰ
һԼĪʮŮ˴źɫףɫİ
Ůģ־Ҧôֵƣ˿һתߵŮһԡ
ӳȻҦʧ̬תͷ˹ȥȻڿŮˡ
㿴ʲôأӳȻʵˣ
Ҧ˰Żڵ衣


39 
Ҧ⻰һ, ӳȻˡ
Ȼ֪Ҧҵ飬˵Ҳ, Ҧĸĸʱҵûκθʹһˣ˻ܹ̣һСĦ
ԴҦ֮޾ô˳ۣ￪ʼͳܣ쳳ճ淢չֻҪҦְһؼң˾ͻΪ΢СʱƢ, ˤҰʣŪüһƬǽ塣
ҦΪһЩͲôؼˣһʼһ»һΣֻзڲŹҦһۣ뿪еʱΪ˱ܿҦְּ, ѡ档
ҦСȱٸĸĻг, ׶԰ʱ򻹿Žаְ, ѧ֪, 趼ϲԼӵġ
ΪϲҦİְ֣ԺݼҲϲҦڶԼŮôġ
ӳȻʱҦ, ܿΪҦڻеʱ΢֢ټϷûл飬ԲŻߵز
ǹҦʲôأ
ֲĸԼ, ֲܣʲôأ
СѧʱܷڼԼĸ, ˳У˸УҦһ궼Ůһء
ڣǸŮ˾ǰһŮ˾ֹܡ
ӳȻ֪Ĳ࣬Ͼûھ˽İãֻʲݵ֪Ҧ飬ĶԷ˵ҲͲ֪ˡ
˿˾ŲԶŮˣҦԼ˹˾ܣñԿҲʮģԵ÷ǳᡣ
ߵǸŮ˿ҲǶʮͷģԷһö߱ȻŮ˻ɬĵͷҦЦЦͷ˵ʲô
ͨѹֿ϶ǸӵģӳȻܿ˵СҲ֮ܿա
ϸ۵ʱҦʶĻͷÿվڲԶҦ
ŮϵЦʧ÷ǳ䵭
ҦɫҲקӳȻʹߡ

ʱŮ˺ȻڽסҦ˵ô⣿
Ҧͣ˽Ų˰ŻعͷŻ߹Ůˡ
ߵҦǰ´ĿⲻַӳȻϣ۲˵λѧУͬѧɣ
ҦԾ촽ˡ
ĸ֪Լתѧˣʲô֪ȴôԸԼһۡ
ĸһκ棬Ѿȥ˰˸ˣǻڴڵʱҹҦĸף鷿һܡ
ҦĸԸģҪʵǹֱ֣Ҫѹ˾հ
Ҫû⣬˾һ𿪵ģҪȫʲԴʣһտǸʲôã
˾ҳ࣬ôͻ̸ˣֻǴӦеġ
Ҫûпǵ뷨˹˾Ժ󳤴Ҫô죿
ж︣Բü̳й˾ʲô͸ʲôҲ
磬ҦҲŮ
¥ϸĸҦı쳣ƽ
ʦһӵҹΪӭĵɽһžͺҦĸ¥󵽹Ŷһ
鷿ﴫһˤڵϵӶ˶̧ͷ˹ȥûĴ鷿˳·ʱķһ䣺˻ҹ𣿡
ûЬͳţŹص졣
һжҦİְֲŴ鷿˳ɫѿʮԭһںúþһۣͱ⸱ģ

Ҧĸ˵ʲôȴڲԵ˴ˡ
ְֲԷ𣿡Ҧ̧ͷԸ˵ٲԣ˶ˡ
Ҧĸֻܣһӵķճ̾һкûüؼҵıķ˾һԷȻô෹˳Ҳ̫˷ˡ
ǾҦһμˣѾа˸¡
û˶ҦʱǸݣΪױݾ¿žͺһһ
ӳȻŮᵽԼ˵̺ãҦͬѧҽӳȻ
ЦЦͬѧã㰢ֵ𣿡
ָŵĸֹ
ǡӳȻʵʵ˵ԭˣһȥϲϰˣǵѧ˳һ䡣
תͷҦЦ˵Ҳء
Ҧüͷ΢壬㻹ûеĻǻ¡
ȴ趼к𣿡
бҪ𣿡Ҧɫѿ˵ҶΪѾ㻹иŮء

¡Ҧ˵ҿҲͦæģͲˡ
վŮԾһ㶣ĿҦƺʲôҦûи˵ĻᣬӳȻˡ
ӳȻҲûͷͿε̾˿Ů˵ֶ˵ʲôǸŮ˵ʹüۣĵ˵ͷ
¥һһ֪꣬˺Աǽһӡ
ºҪ˱ˮҦſɳϺһԼǰ鷢
ӳȻɷһϢСʵ衭
Ҧ֪Ҫʲô
Լҵ߰㣬ʵҲ˽ǰѧУйٵѣЩ˶ǿĸݲŸãĸ˾ǽ֪ЩԭϵͬѧһûӰ
˵ѧǸСᣬʸҲһġ
һȺܺˡ
ҦӳȻһۣ˵ʶҲµʱ䣬ҦǸоԼʶеѹϵҪǢټϽҲͬԼ磬Ҧ˵һ˵ﻰġ
һμ裬ڴڵʱ򡣡Ҧ룬ŶӳȻ˵ʵûһңҲûϵңкİɡ
ӳȻԱ˶٣˵ֵ˾ôˣ
ҦҡҡͷҰִ˵ЩڻǷϵķ޹ϵʲôʱҲ
˵ֻϣԽԽá
ӳȻ̫ᰲοˣ˿̿Ҧģĸ첲˵̫ѹְֶܺòô
Ҧ˵ͷ
ӳȻ˵ǸŮ˭ͦƯġ
ոտŮĶǳﶼŨŨϲӦòͨѹϵ
Ѳɡˣ
ҦԼһˮӳȻ˵ʵ֪Сѧʱ򡣡
ӳȻ
Ҧ˵ȥ֮ǮеģͻȥһЩƶɽûѧϵŮӣ߳ɽǸŮ˾һˣʱͿʼһֱ˴ѧҵٺ˾Ĺ˾
ϵܡ
ǣ˵Ѿһˡ
Ҧ˿ڱˮ˵ҲԴֺҰֵĹϵԽԽ
ӳȻ˵˼ǡ
ҦһɣǸŮ˹裬ŵҰֵĹϵԽԽ
ۿ˾ֹܣҦҲһӴɽ߳ŮҲĻ


40 
Ů˾ǳ׼ͥҸ, ԲŽӽԷԷ
Լĸڹ־õ֤ݡ
ӳȻҲûϵĳְ, ϸһ£ʱѶŮ˶ϱȻһ£Ůû˵ʲôͷЦ˵˾ʲô
ӳȻҲ˶Էĳ࣬ǸܸɾƯŮü۵ģһŹСְ𪣬һĸоһҲǻṴ˵Ǹģ
ο, ǹôͻȻȥһѾʮŮأ
˵ɫ߽ݾѴѵѡοȥһкӵŮ˾ء
Ƿʱַ
˵ӳȻ˵ʲô᣿
ûʲôᡣҦõ˵ҼѾֹһˣסһ, ôܻװ׵ġ
˼ҵ˽ӳȻҲ˵, ÷ԱҪʲô, ӳȻϽ˼ˡ
˺, ӳȻһֻϵʱ䣬Ѿ12ˣôû
ѵĴ¥빺ľһֵľ, ˶࣬СʱҲӦõ˰ɣ
Ѿͷ·˰ɣ
ӳȻе㵣ģæɴ˸绰, Է˺ܾòŽ
ιǲ˶, 㵽𣿡ӳȻֻʵ
ɳĬһ£˵һû¥ȵţ͹ȥ
ӳȻüⶼСʱôûѵʦҲ𣿡
ǵģǱʼûдþ͵ˡɱ뿪ѵ࣬˵ݲ˵ڼ¥ȥǡ
5¥꣬·öŵţһֱ5¥ȻոܿˡӳȻԷ˵31ֱӹɡ
˵绰֮ӳȻкŷԱãһݲ˵ллˣ
ӳȻȺļ˼ˣҦųԴ˵㻹ģЩǷɰԵİɣ
ӳȻЦ˵ò˵㵥鷳Ҫֻɨһֱӵ㵥Ȼ߸ͺˡ
ҦԾһ㶣Դ˰β˵뷨治
ӳȻ⣺ʲô
˵ֱɨ㵥Ҧڲֽʲ˵鷳˵ҪԱһһܣ˵ʱҲ©㣬簴˵Ūֱɨܵ㣬߸
ӳȻգգ۾˵΢С򣿡
Ҧ۾ˣ⣬͸Ұֽ
ӳȻ
ո˵ʲô
ӳȻоԼ֪ж˵ʲôҲûж룬ǸͨڻѧϰȽϺá
ȷʱ򣬲˶ϵĲˡ
ôôӳȻԹҿԵǻҪǳ˶ˡ
治˼е鵢ˡɿ˿ڵĻһЩԼϲԵĶȥ˽ϻҦֻͺӳȻڸʲô
ӳȻƳһ棬ЦЦ˵û£ģ
ɵ˵ͷڵĳ
ʵ11¿εʱ׼ˣȴסˡ
ѧ㣬Ҫ𣿡ʰ̧ͷ˷һ۾˵΢һôġ
ɿ˿½½뿪ҵˣһ¥ѵȥ϶Ǽݵģ¿𵽵Լʲô
ðɰ£ʲôô
˿Χ˶ߵĲˣЩ̫˼ĶԷ˵ѧ㣬һǸѧʲô
㶣ʵ˵˭
߾ΧŵľˣһӳȻһҦɲʵһ
Ǹαҽҵλѧ㡣Цüۣʲôҵڻ֪ء
ĻĬã˰βʵͻȻ
ǶȽϺ档˵ҾǸѧͦ˼ģʶʶ
ɲ֪ӦôԼ˿̵飬Ǹ߶ѧãӦþͱӳȻСһ꣬Ȼÿ춼ѧѧĽţɷ֪ȴұҵУ԰Ҳûʲôѧѧõķֱˡ
ͻȻŷӳȻ֣Ҳ˸̫õԤС
ӳȻɵ˵ӳյӳȻȻ
ű΢΢ĥһ£ЦѧӳȻľ˻е㲻̫ء
ҲЦ˵ţ˵赱ʱΪ֣˺öȷġ
ôգգ۾ѧ㣬ӳȻѧ𣿡
ͦġûȥƽ˵ھӣ׶԰һˣʶʮˡ
Ծ¶Ľı飬п˵÷ˣð
Ҳ֪ġðָãֻģǰѧƺӳȻ˼ȻҲԼȥӳȻ֡
ö˶˵ôͻȻˣΪѵĸЦʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷûаҾǾǸѧ㳤ûͦƯģʡ
Ϊѵüûп
ѧ㡣ִŵ˵ܰӳȻѧ㣬ϲϲŮô
ɻһȵ̧ͷʲô
𲻺˼գ΢΢ѧͰʣǱ˵ʵģһûҪôӳȻѧ˵£ǧҪұѽ
ֻԴҵģڿ԰ٷְȷϲӳȻԲŻ׷ԼԷ֣ϲϲŮ¡
ӳȻһô꣬ûԷԼһж
ӳȻģȷͦÿģԸҲͦڣеʱ༶˿ʼˣӳȻȴɵƵÿΧŷ֣ʱ˭û̸뷨ÿѧѧһҲܿġ
䲻˶ӳȻȤ˶µġ
ϲӳȻԼ߳ԷϢ˵ԺҪԼæʲôġ
ɷӦôأ
Ҫô
ҪǣӳȻ֪ϲ󣬻Ӧ
ò׼⣬ָ֮һЩѧУ㲥վ飬ԴκģڶԷ˶ûһֱӳȻ绰ŴҴұ¥
˿Χ߳ԻĻĺܹ񫣬ɷɵȴϰµġ
̧ͷڶӳȻһۣüͷ΢΢
ôˣ
أӳȻͿ̧ͷԼ˳ƼһЦӯӯĶ˵Ե㣬찢˵ͣҪҼǵϲԵľˣԵ㣬Ҫ
ɿӳȻÿڹ£ѷǰСѵ
ԺӳȻҲչϲ
ζӳ£֪Ӧ¶ʲôı飬ֻǾѹ
ôˣӳȻɫ̫ãеʵǲǲθϰϲҪŵһڿΣʵڲоͼѵǮ
ҦԾʹֻ̧ƳӳȻһۣһǮǰôû˰һƬ
ӳȻֵ£ⲻǿæû˵ôæ˱С԰̡
Ҧ⣺⻹ࡣ
ɿӳȻ濪ʼˣſ˺þòŻڵӳȻ㡭ϲŮ𣿡


41 
⻰һ, ӳȻסˣԱһֱôֻҦҲסˡ
ֻҦ̧ͷ, ҵ֮ؿһۣĵԼȻǸݵ뷨־õƺͦ˼СĴֻͷ׼¼ѵһһĻ
ӳȻˣȫû뵽䲻ĻԼôһ䣬˰źߺʵͻȻ
ɿһʧ䣬һ뵽Լ, ӲͷƤһ飺͸ң㵽ϲϲŮӡ
ӳȻ۽ѾƳҦֻԼһסͷʵҸʲô
Ҧ˵ҡ
˵
ӳȻôĬ, ͼһǰɣ
İӳȻǰƮƮ, ΪĳŪû, Ҳĺͮͮ, ۾΢Ƴ˷һ۾æת
һƮƮëɨӳȻͷһΪѵǼ⣬ġšһ
ʵںܾǰӳȻͲԼкûʲôȤ, Ұִ³Ůӿɰأ
ӵһƯƯɰŮѣڸĸǰӳȻԸ
ͷɽȻҲʵԸ, ӳȻܾò˵ʲô
ഺģµһ, ȴˬ
ǳڳе꣬Ҷôȵİ
֮ӳȻȻԼϲŮʲô⣬ߵ˼֪ͷɵĹϵҲû˻˵Щʲô䲻ıʳӳȻٻеΡ
ҪǺߡ
Ͼ⻰ԼţǲϲŮӡӳȻĶһתǾϲϲҡ
ѽôõˣҦ˵أ
ӳȻšһͺˣڵգĵ̧ۿ˿Ƶķɡ
ƺе㲻̫ˣӳȻ۾ҲŹŹֹ֣ӳȻɵ⡯һ¡
ôˣӳȻͻȻ⣿
ɳĬòҡҡͷǰӳȻиմ֥齴պϳ˽ȥŻ˵û£Ҿǡһ¡
ӳȻԭʲôɰҦֻ¼ջǵͷֵʲôûʡ
ʵǲ㣬ûйϵ
˭ӳȻͷ÷أҾڸڣȳ˷صԼٺúõȥһʡ
ɳ˻ɾ˸ɾˣӳȻûӦ˾ˡ
ҦǮͷһۣ㬵Цʲô
ӳȻ΢΢ĥһ£תͷҦҧ䣺Ҿ÷ɺҪұˡ
Ҧ
ţ
ĿҪװһ仰ôҦĿǰˡ
㲻ӳȻԴǵĶҦ˵֪ҵܣʵһһû˵
ҦĿ˺кܳһλҪ˵ָָ¥˵ȥһ¥ģ
ӳȻȣѾҦƷˣġ
һ䣬ӳȻ˵ʵҺͷѾˡ
ҦûպȽȥĿȸ³
ʲôܣ
ԭö˶˵УױҦĵɶˣ
ӳȻԼͷɵìԭԭĸҦ˵˸飬Խ˵ҦɫԽ
ڶӳȻǲоѣÿζ˵Լʮ󣬿˵ĶȴҦϡ档
ҦżǼ̵Ŀ˺ܾãӳȻһ衣
˾ȥҸƣܲԸ˼
˼ɹʱף
ȻʱǰˣӦġ
ӳȻε̾˿յ˵˵ҪҸˣǽܻǲܣ
Ҧ΢΢üֻûһƲأŽܻǲˣ
δѡӳȻĶԺ˵ҿǵĶδᷢ顣
Ҧʼûӻ磬ֻò˵ӳȻûҲأ
ӳȻ
Ҧ˵ʶʮˣ׶԰ʼһ࣬Ҫиоõȵڣ
ӳȻ
Ҧ˵˵ɸû׹
ôܣӳȻȵĵɴ۾԰͸ҵģôûҸף
˵ϲ𣿡

㿴𣿡

㿴Ҧ˵û˵ϲ㣬Ҳû𿪿ô˵ɶأ˵ǰ飬ñأ
ӳȻһͼеվܣ
***
ʵϣûʲôǲܵġ
Ҧ˹һһ˵ӳȻ֣ʹص˼Ҳסƨϳ˶һػصĿŹţ˵Ҫȥķɵʲôʱؼҡ
褿ȥˣдҵ˵ȷɻԼġ
һ£ôдĽȥҵأ
ӳȻǰ̵Ծÿֶʶɾȫȥ
ͺͻȻͭǽڣЩ֪ʶ㶼⣬ڲȦԲ飬ʼһӳȻŵ⡣
Ƿȸ׵ģӳȻǸʱû˸ĸ˶¹µģͿиԼɸպóֵĺܼʱ
ӳȻûκɾܾ֪֪ס÷С޲£ԷҲᣬǸ˲ãԼҪҸŮѵĻɾͺʺ
ǵģʺϡ
ǸʱӳȻ֪ʲôϲһܾúҲ˳ȻĽһ𣬸ϸˮ¸ˡ
ԭӳȻ÷ɿ϶ǰԼŻԼһģԼҲöԷ
ҦҲǸأ
ɱģôأ
ӳȻ뵽ʱɰԼʱ򣬵ȷû˵ϲ֮ĻԼһԵ˵˺ܶ࣬Ծһ
Ƿأ
ӳȻץԴ룬ʱҲû˶һ鿴ʵҲνô
أ
Ŷ
ˣӳȻˣƺˡ
ǵǸѧĿյأɱԼһͨ˵˺þãٵĶѾӳȻе˵ҡһе£ѧУſڵң
ʱӳȻҲû룬ΪǺˣҪʱú£ӳȻҲû׷ȥſڵŷɷѧһؼҡ
ǵ÷ȥͦãʱƺҲߡ
ӳȻǸʱɵɵ㶵ģԼʳ¯ŮѣҲ֪ʲôǣŷɵ˾ߡ
֮ӳȻͼǲ̫ˣһˡ
һѧϰһԣһ֡
ż͵͵У԰һЩߵ顣
ǣ֣ס
ӳȻǵԼ׷ɵʱȥ·˭˼ȿڡ
Ҧ˵ǸᣬӳȻȻԼûиĺ޲ֱӴӴȥҵɺúõĸ˵
ء
ѻһƵ꣬ӳȻǰĴôҲģƺⳡС
ɻ
ôûɡ᲻ᱻʪ
ϳǰúõģôƫƫأ
ӳȻסˣҳ׼ɡȥվ̨ȥˣྵͻȻСɻ˰ûɡôİ
ûãŻġ
ϣϽݻ·ɣܳʲôˣðˡ
ӳȻЬûþʹţŻʪվ¥ݿڵķɣ˶סˡ


42 
ӳȻµûû˵, Լ塣
ϱӳȻʧȥԼĸĸ֮⣬кܶ鶼ǰ, գҪʲôһ
ɲɣƫƫǸ
ɴԼҲûϵӳȻһۺŤͷٵԼȥӳȻҲӦеɡӵһߣæŷ˹ȥ
ɣɣ
ӳȻڶԷת׼Źϵʱһļ˽ȥ
šաһŹ, 㶵Ŀǰˣ˰βŻعƫͷȥӳȻ۾ʵʲô
ҡ
ӳȻһʱ֮Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪֻǿűˮʪķ, Īľĺÿ
, ˮʪ˷ɶǰ鷢, һһƵʪŷӰС, ˻ȻһУӳȻ˲֮ǰҽҵǡ
ʵǶˣֻ⡣
Ҫ˵ǰͷǿɶ, ˵ˣʲôܵ鶼ӳȻһȴʲôǲ, ֻܼǵǰʱҽҵǳ⡯
ڵķÿ
ӳȻŷ۵촽, ֻÿڸȥڣͿɺܹϵתߡ
ӳȻԹĿŷɵĺ󱳣ȥ
һûأôˣ
ûȥԡһëͷ뻹Ǵ裬ͷӳȻ˵Ҫϴ裬𣿡
ӳȻһ㶣ҡҡͷ˵ûûɶ¡Ҳû£ҾΪʲôȻǸ⡭
˵ҲԽСߵƨɺ
ӳȻ·Ьȥ̨ɹûյ£һתͷͿӳȻԼεĿһ۵ϴҲҪ𣿡
ҲҲҲҲǲС
ӳȻǵͨ죬ȥεʱҲûϴԧԡ
ȻȪҲݹ
Щ֮⣬˻˺öö顭
֪ӳȻ˿Ժﶼɫ˻ֻǲ˼ԼĶƿ˵Ҫû°Ұ̨·˷ſɳϰɡ
ӳȻֱ˽ԡңź֪ġŶһ
ôԡϴ
ӳȻ·ֱͦͦڲԵĵϣͨ졣
ѽǺá
ӳȻ̲סܣҲ֪尢ȥˣֲ̯ܰô˶ڼأ
ҪǺ÷ڵĻӳȻ˵Ͳôˡ
֪ǲԼ⣬ӳȻܾԽԽСԽԽԡˮĺûӳȻĶĤ
ͺɾԼǰϴһ
ӳȻʱæ˦˦ԴЩ߰뷨˦ȥµ뷨Ժ
˦˦ɾˣӳȻϤÿһ磬֪ȸһ룬ÿȵ˼£ӳȻϲǿ룬ֱССһͨŻݡ
ԡҵˮȻֹӳȻһЩĦ
Ƿڲӡ
ӳȻ˿̿϶øɾëȲԼİĲ֮ϸֱۣȰɫëƹΣɻ̧һֻ޳ĴȣɾڲǿСС룬ٴԼ£ͦظ˫ƹµĿӡ
ڵķһ˳˯ȹһ˫ɾЬŲԼʪͷԡ߳
һ̧ͷɹȻðɫëڼϣһ˫ɾķ۰ɫëЬӳȻǰ
ĿԣǺͮͮա
ϴȵġ
ӳȻǱĶġ
ϴˣӳȻ֪ʵҰ㴵ͷɣðˡ
ԭ˵ԼԴȴӳȻѾڿĹ˴кŷոǸλϡ
šһϡӳȻҲֻ΢΢ԥƬ̣߹ȥӳȻǰ
ˡĴ˵ԵЩ롣
ʲôȥˣӳȻʵ
룬˵ȥ꿴˻顣
ӳȻţҲûзȴ˷ɵͷԷķ˿
ɵͷһһĸӳȻӲܴˣɵķ˿ͷ·ˮһϸ壬ټСһͷںڵĳ͸˳ˡ
žĳֻС
ķ˿ӳȻԼǵʱСԼĿˢˢȥ
ܡ
ɡӳȻ˰β˵ϲŮӵ£ܰұ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ͷ˵ܣ
ӳȻ˵ͷʱҰ֪飬Ҫ֪ϲŮ϶ܿյģҲΪҲġ
ϱ褺ûü˵£ӳȻȻҲûǵĴ㣬ɻԼҸʵʱ˵ײźá
ӳȻһģɳĬ˰βŵͷ˵֪ˣҲ尢ǵġ
˺ͽ⣬ӳȻҲɵĳЦЦһʰŴһʵأ¸껹ȥ̯
ûС߹ӹӳȻеĴʱԽԽˣѾ̯ˣǳȥ£Ҫϲܻ
ӳȻʵʲô°
ɿ˿ͷûʲôҲ֪
⻰ӳȻûлɣĸǵСӣɶ¶˵ӳȻҲʡ
һͺ׶Զ׼鲻
ӳȻûɻ뿪Ҧ˵ЩܡӳȻǾ鲻ᷢ
ʲôϵ
Ҫֿܷͷֿˣֺαصȵʱ
ӳȻһֱͷɴڷֱɵİʱ뿪ͺ÷ʱƺŰʲôģӳȻҲû⣬Ųľͻ˼ҡ
褿ԼŮĳţϲصĽݣɵҡҡͷ
ǸӣһҶ׼˻ЦûûΡ
***
һʱӳȻһȥѧУ
ѧУ󵥶˸ѧ˵һЩûʵĻ˼ǾϢʱ̫ˣڼҲӦֻ֣Ҫúѧϰ
ص˽ңӳȻҷ˵Ϳνȥ˰칫ҡ
ӳȻģֻܹҦſϾͷ棬һ߾һ߶Ҧ˵˵Ϊʲôҷأֲǰ೤ǸίԱʲôҪ̸
ҦԴӳȻԼֲͷоǺɽϵĺӣģԷץʭӡ
ң˭ҦŪԼķ˿һֲͷһԼ϶ԹȣŻͷֲôס
ӳȻûһ˵£˵𣿡
ҦûֻǶԼֲͷ
ӳȻһӾ֪϶û˵ɵ̾˿ϣ˾ܿɡ
ҦҲôġ
һûи飬תתʮ꣬ʵڹȥ˷ֿˡ
û꣬˾ֱӹСɲС
ҦǵǸģƯŮˣôôѻŮʿأ
ЩΪǮʲôҦ˵
ӳȻ䲻ðһŪ뿪˵ʲôͿһͷһˡ
ֻﱧʲôÿʦ칫ҵţȻ˵ˡ
ӳȻ΢΢۾ݺݵؾҦͷ˵ˡ


43 
һŽ칫ҵʱ, Ϳվһߺ˵ķɡ
ʦá˷һۣ˹, ѻĶڿİ칫ϣ˵ʦ˵ҪĲϣҽ㡣
Ա˵ͷ֪ˣžˡ
˵ͷͷ˿ɾͺĳգգ۾
ôⰡ
ƴĳʹɫҲֻǿһ۱ͷԼ½û˵
ɣһǾ仰ѾתѧʵǲʡĳĶǰ˵ʱ, 㻹赽ѧУһˣߵѧпȥ˵ѧϰɼô㣬תѧӰ졣
ǸĬģҲ֪ûȥ
Ҳʵڲ֪˵ʲôźãֻܼϣڷɵĸĸ, ŷɺ뿪ˡ
ѧ, Ҫתѧ
ƿ칫ҵ, ʵѧϰô, Ҫתѧڸôؼʱ򡣡
ɿλѧһۣŻ˵ʵҲûҪҪתѧҵĳɼԼ֪, 㳬Ҳϲ˶ѧĻʵѧϰһġ
Ͼû¿ˣȫǸϰ֮ǰѧЩ, ЩԼڼҲȥѧû̫
ֻɿÿ춼ҹϢĸĸ, ܾòԼˡ
¼ҾѧУôԶתѧÿ·ϻѵʱѾһСʱˡ
ô˵Ǿòͬ
ʵڲУѧ㻹ǿסУİվڰ칫ſڶԷ˵ѧУᣬһҪתѧġ
ɿ˿ûп˵ӳȻʹҦ֪ĸط˳
һӳȻءһ¾ͺˣæ˷ɵ󣬽ץУ½ǡ
ԴϴδӳȻϲŮӺĶˣ˿䲻ͻȻӳȻֻӶը˻
ഺϢ˲ĸ֮ƣƺͻȻ
ɿ˿Լ𣬵ʹü룺ȻϲӳȻġ
һĻӳȻͱζ
ѧýݵıԼͷһ˭ϲɰ
ɶԼű˵ˣӳȻܲġ
Ҧͬѧ֮Ƭ̣ƺʲô
ӳȻȻﲻˣɻǾάϵƽͣתͷԷ˵½ڿȥʵңҰѶˣֱӹȥɡ
ɻͷ˿ɿץŷ½ǵ֣Сĺҧ䣺ѧȥɣҲҪȥϿˡ
á
ĿӳȻۣŸæһ̵ˡ
ӳȻزɵƲƲ죬СѾͷƬǰȻۣƣ
Ҧȿڵ߰ɣվɵˣһóٵˡ
ٵʲôϵҲʵΡӳȻȻô˵ɻ̧Ŵ¥ߣûжͺĿһۣôˣ
Żع΢΢ҡҡͷȥ
ӳȻԼ󣬱Ǽƺŵ˷ϹõϴҺζζġ
ˬˬʻһ˿˿ӳȻǳϲ
ǵ˻õϴҺǸʱ϶˱˴˵ζ
룬ͺһ
ҦǰţӳȻ𽥷Ż˲ӣĻԽԽӽߵˣȻСĴָɵ֡
һʼΪǲСģΣɲź̧ͷԵʵôˣ
ûаӳȻЦ˵ǿ߰ɡ
˵ţǣ˷ɵ֣˿첽׷ѾԶҦһʵҡ
ϰȻϵĺҦ˾ߺֻʣӳȻͷˡ
һɵ鶼Ǻģ˼תѧ飬ʵףɾǻԥ
ѧתУ
ЩɶûиԼĸĸ˵Ҳ֪ɵ뷨
ʱΪû⣬Ƿ޾һֱæµ¼ҵ飬Ҳ߷ʲô
ܰռҳǵ뷨Լ飬޹ء
Ҳܶµûȥʡ
ɲʲģ᲻뿪Լĸġ
ɣ
ڷɳʱӳȻ֪ͻȻͲ˹ݸ˷һ
ⶼ11·ˣŪͲվ·ߺĽӹ޻һİɫͲĿӳȻ
ո˻ԼأôͻȻͲأ
ϷƵġ
ӳȻЦûûΣ¶СԷ˵ҿǱߵĵƣźþû˾
˵ţ˿ڰװѩ⡣
·£Ƶĵƹ˵ͷͼ򣬷ɾؿǰ÷ˣŻͷһеͲҧһͲ⡣
Ŀڸڻ˿У͵
ҲΪʮ׼°ˣӳȻͲرʵоƽʱҪһҵԵ˻е쬵ġ
ӳȻȳ̲꣬סż˸¡
䡣Ǻ
ҲԵģŻʣһͲ룬ûӵ
Ķ죬ò׳ԸʳŲݳ޵ӵء
ӳȻһֱҲԣ֪Ǿ䣬ܸɴİʣµͲ˹ҧһ˵ˣôθˡ
ӳȻİʣµͲԽȥˣ΢΢ü
ͲһˣӳȻֲСӣôҲ֪ܻ㣿
ӳȻŷɣ˵ֱҹһŲˡ
˿Χڻŵĵ겻ֻ࣬б껹ˡ
Զһ24Сʱıָָ꣬ǱߣӳȻ˵ȥԵضɣ㿴ƵͶöࡣ
ӳȻίСӣ֤ԺҲĳͲˡ
ڿտյıҪݹضõԱŪ˵һ̦ţг롣
ȺĹضͷſɱͲˡ
϶ӡ
ӳȻһ߳һ롣
˾̵ĳŹض󣬷ͬһ̦ţʮӵҹڰıŴⱻ紵һߵҶ
ˡɵ˵Ҫ˰ɣ
ӳȻҲ˵ͷ½һһóе½ʮ¡
˵滹£ɵƣQ˶೤ʱˡ
***
磬ɱ˳ȥ
ӳȻһ̧ͷͿѾ뿪ˣ˿鲻õññԼգдšˡ֡
ˣһ͸ըҩƵġҦͷʦոսĿص㣬̧ͷӳȻ˵ոʦ˵Ҫʲô㻹ǵ𣿡
ǵáӳȻ쳤˲ˣ˵ȥʷɡ
ҦһҪ֪ʲôģæקϣ˵˵ܲһ㣬˼ҷɸ˭Լ飬谡尢̶ûܵôϡ
޲ôĶš
ӳȻƺһš
Ҧ֧Դɿ֣аھͳȥԷ˵ţұ֤㡣
ӳȻƳһۣƵ㵽ͷİľȱɣ
ҦڨЦǡ


44 
ʵѾǵһιҷˡ
, ҲֻΪҷɣҪһնȥӳȻ
Ĺ۲, ӳȻһѧ㡣
ÿ춼ɺһλѧһ𣬸̥ƵģĶֲ
𻹷֣ӳȻƺûпȥôȻҲܺÿ˶ϸҲܺãʲô򶼻棬һƱҪ˧
ӳȻЦ, ЦͿź񡭡һһ
ɼǾӳȻԼĿ⡣
ϲ͡
ѧ㡣ŷɵ֣˵ҴӳȻѧûϲ𣿡
ɿ˿λѧãʵûȥʡ
ӳȻÿ͸Լѧѧûϲ˷ɻ֪ܲ
ҵȷûмĸŮϹġɶ˵ӴŮҲͨͬѧ, Ӧûϲˡ
һ˻, һ³ɵ̫, ѧ, ٰһæ𣿡
֮ǰôæˣҲһˡ
˵ɡεĿҰʲôæ
ѵóĬãŤŤĺߵҡӳȻѧ, ܰ𣿡
Ļ˲һ£֪˶òŻع, ǰѧſڣɳƵ˵Ҫף
šȻ˵, ȴܼᶨϲѧ㰡ȻóҵǰײУӳȻѧҪǴӦңܽء
ʱڵİɬģ֪Ůǳò˵ģϲϲֻҪһ𣬹ÿһ춼Ҹġ
ڵ֪ԼϲӳȻ֮˺ܳʱ裬ԼıҪϲԲŹ£ϣõ֧֡
ҡ
ɱŵˣһʱҲ֪Ӧôش
ʵӦûֱʡҪôǡΪʲôɷƫƫ֪ôǴﲻȥæ
ԤУԼӳȻҲͽˡ
ֻؿڱƼˣһڴһЩԼ֪ĶԽԽͣͺҪһ
ɷζ˵ڣֻץԼУ½ǣҧҧԼ԰׵촽
ѧ㣿
𿴷һֱӦΪԷҪֻܾԼȷСһѧͰҰɣܲܳҶģֻҪҰдõݸӳȻѧͿˡ
飿
ԡ
ĵĿ˿ΧûˣŴյɵĶ˵Ѿд飬ѧֻҪתӳȻѧͿˡ
ԱʵȻ㶼׼飬ΪʲôԼأ
Сͮͮģǣŷɵ˵ҲңҪǾܾô죿
ող˵ӳȻӲ㣬㶼ܵסô
ȻˣһǺ¡
̫˼Ĵ˫ϾǵһθףѧͰҰɡ
ûʲô㣬ıȽ
һģͲĿʼԥڶԷĿ£ڻǴӦ
ǵѧҰԼɡɵʹü۶˵Ǹ߶ѧϰмһСʱҵʱ䣬ʱһ顣
۾ˣ˷ܵıŷ˵ллѧ㣬ҷѧϵ㣬ͰӳȻѧԼڽѧ¥ĿյؾУ
ѧ¥Ŀյء
ɼסˡ
뿪󣬷ɲ׼ؽҼϿΣһͷͿӳȻ֪ʱѾվ˲ԶԼ
ƺһġԹ
ɲЩԺסԹôӳȻϵġ
Ҳֻ΢΢£װµĻصԼλá
ԷʱӳȻͽڷɵʳô򷹵ʱҲʵǲȥģද֢ͯ
𣿡
ӳȻٴֵʱ򣬷ɲһۡ
ӳȻ޹գգ۾˷ɰԴļϣƵ˵һڿ¿ʲôһ춼ҡ
һأ
ɲ֪ӦôڣֻؿһСһӳȻŶ˵ѧʱ𣿡
ӳȻԣôˣȥԷ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳûʲô飬ѧ֮һ˽ѧ¥Ŀյذɣ˵
ѧ¥Ŀյأ
˵
ؼľһӳȻķڴڵĴӳȻûǶһ⽹ҦˣӳȻһŻع
˴һԷʱӳȻӲһһֱŷɣķһûһµĳţСʱһ붼ûꡣ
ҦʳôṩĲƿˮһߺһ˵ûһϿǰ˯һء
ҲýӳȻԵĸˣһ۶Էһ۲˵Էôô
Ŷ̫θڡӳȻÿӴ˴ˣ˵
ԶƵĿҦ˵ô᲻θأ㲻ʲôܳ𣿡
οӳȻϲԵǴＹ˵ӦܳԵĺܸɾȴ˵θڡ
⡣
˿϶⡣
Ҧҧ˵ոʲôأȥ⽵ʱ򻹿ģôԸˣ
ҡɸմ˵ӳȻæѿӺм䣬æ־ⷹͦҵĿζǱྴҸɷҺܿܳ꣡
ӳȻͷɷɲŶҦ˵Լѧڽѧ¥Ŀյؼ棬¸˵
ȿȿȡ
ӳȻ׷Ǻɤۣȵþ춯ء
Ҧ֪ģ۾ˣеĲƿԷ˵Լ˵ʲô
Ǹװɣ
ԱߵӳȻؿ˵ȴȵøŲ죬ͨ졣
ɿԳε̾˿Ҧ˵лҪ˵
Ҧ°ͣ۵˵ôˣɶ»ܿҰҷѧҲȥһˣ
ӳȻڰǺ˳ץҦļͺҸɵ飬ʲô
˼ҽҪԼˣӳȻû׼ãôҦһţ
ֿʼڣɵĪĿӳȻȻ˻֪ԼҪʲô
һ뵽ҲٹͿԿӳȻһĻ棬;ġ
ԼҪŮˣӦÿĲŶԡ
ƫƫЦ
ҲעӳȻֻѰɡ
***
һʱ䣬ʦڿϽʲôӳȻһֶûȥĶǷԼȥѧ¥յص顣
ӳȻǵ֮ǰɸѧĩʱĩԻаѧأôǰأ
ǲǳʲô©
ԼԷɱֵ̫ˣǰԼף
Ҳпܡ
ӳȻԴŷɵĺĥҪǷɸԼˣҪҪӦԷ
ǰӦˣ˳˳ˮһһӶƽƽ
ԭҸĻĴŮһأȴû뵽ɵĸ׾Ȼǰˡ
ӳȻѣӦӦýܷɵĸأ
ǡԼܾ˷ֺô죿
ҪǷԺ޸˱ô죿
ӳȻĥһҲûĥͷֱѧӳȻź̧֪ͷ
˵ת۵Ҫˣ


45 
ӳȻʲôûʰ, ¥ǰȥľǰһԼУ
Уɿģô, ӳȻǷѾĻŪ΢ôһ㡣
·ͬѧ׷ײĿϤĻ٩ӳȻôÿʲô㲻Ҫȥװɣ
ӳȻƺһС˵ǲ
Ҫȥˡ
һ뵽վڿյص£ɫϦ˵ĽűߣԾľһӳȻл͸⼤
ԼϾҪӭ˵һˣЩСƨԼ˼ô
ô, ӳȻַѡ
žϤԼȻпԼתתػص18꣬ƺʲô仯ûС
ŻǸţѻǸҦ
ΨһԼԼĸĸ, ƾǵ, ˾ʮⲻ, ˵׼Ժܸͷɴӡ
, ôһĲģӳȻԼûüĴŮ̸еϧ
ҪǷɵĸͺˡ
ӳȻžĥҪĩʱ, ֶȥʶĻĴ㡣
һ뵽⣬ӳȻ̾˿
ҦȣӳȻ⾵һ˸߲, һְ̾ģҲ֪Է׾ʲô·, ۳ŷѧ˺þãŶӳȻ˵Ūû㴩ɿӷɶôԼô
㶮ʲôӳȻ߳䣬ҦԴǵ˵ڵܸǰһ𣿡
ԶԶԣϾҪܸˣһڵ𣿡
ӳȻæܣûҦĻʱæһС˵һ˵ֻһƲء
Ҧֵ֮ǰǿڿɡšôôڻˣ
ӳȻѵòڵŤŤݣҺ߲Ǻôô˵Ҳҵĳ
ҦĿһۣ˵Ͻ߰ɣͷ˼ҷɵʱ䳤ˣͲ⵱ˡ
۳ҦҪߣӳȻæס
ӳȻץŶԷУ˵Լȥʲô
ȥְҦ˵ĺ̹ȻҵǸһݵ¶ȡ
㶼֪Լǵ˾ͱˣҸɵԼ
ɫѵŮˡ
١
ӳȻЦЦָæ˵㿴ûʲôɣôûšɣ
Ҧ˸۾ͻؽˡ
ҦôˣӳȻҲŲ¥׼ȥԼδšҦڽ˸λԴվڽѧ¥յϵķɡ
˵¥Ǹ˵㣬ɼܲסҦãڽһ
ҦԴƵĸпϣһ˳ɡ
***
˿̵ķҲ֪ӦôԼ顣
ŵķɫŷ⣬ʮǰģΪֱ߲ӹǶ˹㲥վɵϢ
ʵ»ӦԼȽϺá
ǽܻǾֻܾһ˲飬ܱĵȴҪõöࡣ
Ǳŷ⣬вɵĸп֡
ѧĽѧ¥յؼûˣһ߶˶ҴҵķѧؼңĲʳþڽңֻзվŨܵ£ӳȻĵ
ܿ죬ɾͿ˴ӽѧ¥ļܿղ߹ӳȻ
ԭԴƺһ飬˿̺ͷģϦɫĹ¿žͷ·ǶһɫĽ
ſʮڽһƺú̫һ÷ɵҲɵļӿ˼֡
ƺ׵ģΪԼ
ӳȻԭڿɵһ˲ŲҲӿ˼֣ܿЩŵָ˿Լ½ǡ
ʵ۹ͦõģӳȻȻӲƤһ㶼ˡ
ҲүڹӳȻ̵ͬʱ࿪˼ȴݣˣԼÿ춼ɵֵġ
ôôأ
룬һ㷳նû
ӳȻվµķЦ˻첽˹Ҫ̫ʣɵǰ
ķÿ
ӳȻûôעһŲԭҲǺܺÿһС
ԲֿɰƯⲻʲôŮҪǿô
ɣ
ӳȻ֣˷ɲڱǷɫ飬ϵЦݸˡ
ߵǰֵʵʲô°
׿ף
ӳȻӶ˷ܵĿҪըˣϵЦôֹס
ɾؿӳȻʲô˵ˣЦôġ
ɵӡ
ģƫͷûȥӳȻӳȻȻҲûпʧ䣬˶
ҡ
е飬˰컹Ǿֱӿżɽ˵ͷӳȻ˾Ͳˡ
ӱóǷðۺɫݵ飬ݸӳȻ˵飬Ǹġ
ˣ
ӳȻǷɫŷ˵ڶԲ飬һ۽飬ɾԼˡһڳӳȻź㻹ûĻĴŮľ͸ֺͷһ
ĻĲ֪Ů
÷ɰСѧԡ
ӳȻһʱ֮Щԥˡ
֮ǰɸ׵ʱӳȻ˵ʹӦˣΪǸʱܹԼֻзˣҪǾܾ˶ԷӳȻǰ˶ץס
Ǹʱİж٣ӳȻ˵
ôȥˣ⸱
ӳȻڸĸڣҲУšֻҪԼӦͿ׷ˡ
Ҫ֪ӳȻѾСûˣʢϴҪѹƲס֪˶á
ǡ
ɣʵһһֱû˵ӳȻǰˣԥ˺ܾûǾʵʵ˵
ӳȻڵһֱϲĶĻŮӣҲһˣһ֡Ρգһ𹲶
Աԭء
ʵڶûϲʲôϾû㣬Ҳûϲͷһ㣬ʶʱȱ˳һЩӳȻԷ˵ҾҲ18꣬û̸Ļ۰Ҳ᲻ͬġ
ԡӳȻ߹ӹǷ鲻̫˼˵ѧϰΪȸҵˣٿһ飬ô
ӳȻ⻰˼ǣ̫СˣԵȸ߿̸
@޺ģڽѧ
ɷ⻰ΪӳȻ˵ϲĻŮ㲻ϲͣʶôʱҲ˺ǾȺúѧϰɡ
ԭӳȻˡ
ɲ֪ô;úѹԼûиףȴӳȻľܾˡ
ϲԭԸлȵŮԼֻ֪ѧϰ۵һζûеСŮ
ҲԣӳȻϲԼһͣڳĬʮô
˵ף벻ӳȻۡ
֪ˡӣۿ̧ͷ˵ûҪ˼˵Ժ󻹿ѡ
ӳȻ
ʲôѣ
Ҫ
۽ǺģƺһҪ޳ӳȻúԼ⻰һ壬뿪ڽͣ˵ʵˣ鲻Ҹġ
ӳȻڶס
ƫͷ㲥վλãӳȻ˵Ҹģϲܾˡ


46 
⻰ԭӾͲ̫ӳȻ崻ˡ
ʲô˼
鲻Ƿɸģ
ӳȻ΢΢۾, һŵĿе飬ⲻҵģ
ҲɻĿӳȻ˵Ҹ𣿡
񡭡û׿˵
ӳȻǴθƺҲ, ֱӰԼӳȻ߶߶߶˵һͨŷɵǲǴӽһˡ
ʱҲû˵͵鰡
˰бģⲻô
οʲô
ĸ𣿹㲥վѧã
ͷɵλѧð˸Ӵô
ӳȻԼײаһ¾Ͳðŷɫݵ飬һ򿪿ǰһƬڡ
ܣܡ

һֲ, һʻҲûȱĵȷȷдԼ顣
ӳȻֻԴ˵ġ
ΪʲôҪд飿ӳȻǳץֽʷɣû°ôܸдأҸ죡
̹ȻĿ˵ѧƺһ顣
ȥôһ飡
ӳȻԭشתԼԴʵû׼飿
ɾؿ, Ĭˡ
ӳȻϴ, ϴҲǰ˸飿
ɲĿϴΣʲôϴΣҾһΡ
ӳȻԴͷ˵, һʱûӦ
һֱΪǷϲ, ȻԼףӳȻǱͷһġ
ȻƽˮĹʮ꣬ͻȻɵûи, һжӳȻԼˣȰȰȵ˵˺ôһͨԼźͷһ
ڸ鷽, ӳȻһֱΪԼģԲŻԼ, ĸ˹ߡ
ڡڡ
ӳȻҪ޳ˡ
ô˵ûûأ
ɿűͷʹ޵ӳȻʧȻǿģҲӳȻ˼
һ㶼ϲԼ
ҺãҺûס
ţѾˡɾӸµĿӳȻƽ˵ӦǾܾҾתˡ
ɣ
ӳȻæקŷɵУͷ˵ǡ
ǣɵͷʲôǣӦˣûףҲ̫ǻѱȽϺá
˵꣬ת뿪˿յأ㲥վķȥ
ӳȻضڵŷԽԽԶ
˿̣¥һֱֵҦͻȻ˲ԣӳȻúõĸͷʹްôҲתˣ
Ǹʧܣ޵ҲӦǷɰɣ
ӳȻǿʲô
Ҧɵġ˻һæλϵſߡ
϶Ƿʲô֮顣
Ҫ˵ӳȻţأ׶ô춯ء
Ҧ¥ʱӳȻǱѾΧ˲ٵˣ඼ǸѧмŮͬѧӳȻԱ߰ο
ҦԱߵ˽
ôˣ˭޵ôģǲǿûã
ӳȻӦòǿûãȻҲ¿ȥôòſްɣ
ҲԣΪʲô޵ôģ
ףŵǲ鰡
˵Ҹոպ񻹿˭ء
ҦԱ°ĥӳȻױ˰ɣ
ʱΧΧȺˢˢİ۾ת
ûһСʱȫ꼶˶֪˽췢һ¡ӳȻױˣ
***
ɲ֪꼶İԣֻǿǰȦͮͮ𣬵οѹӳȻ˵ϲԸлĴŮѧУ˭ῴϡ
һ߲һʵҲѧô
ɿЦ˼˵ӳȻտʼϴˣΪǷɸ׵ġ
ڣ޿ӣɶҲһޡ
㲥վͬѧ޶οԵ÷Щˡ
̬һЩ󣬷ɲ뿪˹㲥վ˿̫ѾȫɽˣһĨϼߣյķ۾ġ
ʳÿ϶ûзˣҲûʲôθڣȥſڵıһź󣬲ݲݵĳ˽ȥ
ϰ5ӵʱ򣬷ɲŶתתĻص˽ҡ
һңɾ͸оķΧ̫ˣĿͬѧһۣŻصԼλ
ûãǰŵŮͬѧתɹ˹ָͷ˵˵ܡ
ɺĿһۣһ߰ϰҪõĶӳóһʵʲô°
֪ӳȻױˣ¥¿˰Сʱء
Աһ㶡
Ҳǰɣ
ԱߵͬѧҲ׷Χ˹Է˵ӳȻ޵Ŀɲˣ꼶ڶ֪ױˣޡ
ǰҲ֪ӳȻ˭ˣ޵ôġ
Ҳˣ޵۾ˣҡ
ôôԣӳȻ˭װ
ܾ˱ô
عͷ˿ӳȻλãǱ߿տյģϾҪϰˣȥˣ
˵޵ÿɲ˰ɣ
ˡǰŵĹקקɵ䣬˵Ҳ֪ӳȻױˣոհ˽е칫˼빤ء
ԱߵͬѧҲ˵ƽͦ˵ģӰѧϰǺģӳȻóԲ˶ߡ
ڰɣӳȻܾôˣҪټһŰ
˭֪أ˵׼ôġ
˳ϰ֮ǰĿյֶŰԣһ˿ŷɴӾͺʵɣӳȻһ֪֪˭ױˣ޵ôģ϶ϲ˰ɣ
ûϵһ΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ҷǰȥ㲥վˣ֪ӳȻ˭İס
Ǵһİԡ
ɺɣȴҲû˵ʲô
ʱ˿̣ӳȻڰ칫ޣС޳ҲΣ֪ΪԼôء
ɡֽݸӳȻ˵ȻǲԵģҲܿ޳Ǵˡ
ҦվԱ߿һۿ޳СӳȻεĽӹֽӳȻıϣߩ
ӳȻ޵ĸˡ
˿ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ϰʱˣŶ˵ʱ䲻ˣȥϿΰɣӳȻҪǻûþһȶٻؽҡ
˵꣬ҡҡͷ뿪˰칫ҡ
ʦ뿪ҦӳȻͷ˵ٿ޵Ļͼˡ
ӳȻ̧׳ɺҴ۾Լĺѣʵ˵ɻԸ𣿡
ԸԸ⿴Ҳͬһ·ؼҡҦĶ˵οҲʯĳ˵أ
ӳȻ˵ȷǻ
Լ
ӳȻһ뵽ӶǸԼŸͲڡ
أͷβûţ
ŸͲ
һ뵽ԼΪŷɵϲӳȻ붼޲ô޸ҹ
ء
ޣ
Ҧ˫ӳȻĶ˵㻹벻ҪԼˣ
ӳȻء롭
ǾҦӳȻ˵޿ʲôӣҪǻҪţǾҵġ
ӳȻ˿̿Ҧ͸·һۿͮͮʵӦô
Ҧ룬ŶӳȻ˵ȥϰȻ󡭡Ӧ䡣


47 
˵ǻ, ɿ޿߽ӳȻʱҲǺܳԾġ
Ҫ֪Сѧһ꼶, ûӳȻ޵ôˡ
İ
ɲܾԼòãû˵޿ģ˷ˡ
ҲǲɵĿ⣬ӳȻʶ̧ͷ˹ȥͿֻǸԼһ۾͵ͷд·Ծ
أĲˡ
ӳȻޣҦӺšһ
ˡҦĵ˵㶼˿һСʱ, ˰
û˻ô
ӳȻпԣԼίʹࡣ
ǿ
ҦûŵôܶԼ˼
ǰ˶ͷƤ΢΢飬Ҧڰ칫Լõ飬ŵҧӳȻĶ䣬ֹ˵˾ʲôӳȻ˺ȻͲ, УӲһ, ĻصԼλϡ
ΪҦӳȻ˵ɲϲһֱ޵, ˡ
ӳȻҲ, ǿʰԼϡģλϼװѧϰԾϵһȥ
, ѧϰѹִģѵиԼߵİԣͬѧȫĵĿźȦӳȻ, ˿ξͰΧһ˭𱻵ˣ
ӳȻίˡ
ΧۿֵȺ϶˹ȥ, ͿƺӳȻȫûκηӦһǵͷҵһͷûС
Ųҵĵһϰ
ʱķҲΣΪڽԾϵһ⡣
ӦǻģôȥúԼ˼·
治ԶӳȻʲô⣬ӳȻÿ˵ɤ˵ûиףǶˡ
ίľͺһҪ޳һ
ԭɵҲ鲻õһ찡
΢΢񣬿ָæԴʹԼصԾУҪУĽѾˣΪûҪŪԾꡣ
ӳȻĿ˰Сʱô
ʲôСʲôأ
˵ˣҪҲԼްɣ
㲻
ԽԽӳȻҪɴֱס˶䣬Ķǰ⡣
һϰɶ⣬ƺӳȻһеͷӦ޹ϵһ
ŵ룬߶ѧʱѾˣɸһʰ׼ѧʶĿӳȻһۡ
һ۲ҪӳȻ̾ǽյʲôźһᡯһ¾˹Ͱ͵Ŀŷ죬С˵ɣҰɣ
Ѱ˼ţԼС̫ôҪ˰ð
ˡûȥӳȻ۾ֻǺƽ˵㲻ؼ𣬶ôˡ
ػػأһ£ʰʰϾߡ
Ż𼱻ʰӳȻҲԸڽţߵϣǰһӳȻʰöһؼҡ
ʵ治׵ģƺҲûʲô
ӳȻһ仰˵ĵǺܶԣڻӦѧϰΪͨѾͦá
ɲӳȻͿҦǰ˳Ȼûйͷһۿ˷Աߵȷϣ˵ӳȻ£Ҷ֪ˡ
ɿһۣû˵
Ҧε̯̯֣ʵҾ֮ʲôᣬ㲻֪ߺ޵Ŀɲˡ
ɲ˵ϵӳȻ˵ϲĻŮˡ
Ҧ
Լô˵ģҦ棬ʱ˵ǰʱҲû䰡
ɵ˵ͷûһ˿Ĳǿ͸쳾һ⣬˭ϲƯĺõģҲ޿ɺǡ
ҦĬ˰ΣҲʵҾͣӳȻӦҲиġ
ҡҡͷתͷҦ˵ܿҵȷܺá
ͻȥѧ˶ãֻӳȻͬҦǮ˰ࡣ
ܸоӳȻĺã΢Ĺġ
ָѣϲ
Ѿ18ˣֵָ
ʵ㲻˵ʲôģһѽȫɵʹü˵Һѡ
ϲ㣬֪𣿡
ҲĻĴŮʱ򣬾֪ǲϲˡ
Ҧܾ÷⻰ԣҪĺϲֲǷǵҪһģһϲĽ㣬Ҳһҵġ
˵˵ɺϣͻӹһעأ
Ҿ㡭
ҦĻû˵꣬ӳȻʰ˶ӽ˳ҦĻԷ˵ʰˣǻؼҰɣ
ջؿҦĿ⣬ӳȻ˵ͷ
ҦֻܰѵߵĻ˻ȥһѧУſߡ
ʵ֤ɵĺȶ
ͨ飬϶ǲѡϰӳȻһؼҵģҦһ·һ·۲죬ӳȻ˶ԵúܻңɵһƺһӰ춼ûС
Ҧ̾˿
ӳȻ
***
۳Ҧųˣһʱֻ֮ʣӳȻͷˡ
ɣڽǼ¡
ӳȻûǵóȴǼ˵űȽϺãһˣԼǷе壬ԼͲӦ񷢱ݽһ˵ôһѣӦϱֱӴӦ
ɷȴƺӳȻ˵Ǽ飬ͷһۣͣ½Ų˵ӳȻԺ̸𣿡
ӳȻ
Ϊʲô̸ӳȻæ߹ץŷɵ˵ҡҽĻ˵̫ˣʵϲģġ
֪ɺɫӷǳƽǰ˵ʶôʱ䣬ҪǲϲҲҴôá
ӳȻܾ÷⻰˵ﲻ̫ԡ
ǻѰɡܽ᣺ġ͵ȸ߿˵
˵⻰˵ģɣٸĳһġ
ͷɵʱ仹ôȷôżȷϵ
ǺðɡӳȻĵ˿Է˵Ǿ͵ȸ߿꣬˵¡
ɵ˵ͷԼ֣תͷŻƵ·ҵķȥ
һ·ϣӳȻûһĸģҳ̰ѧУ鰡Ծϵĵ֮飬˵һ·ҲżӦһʵڡôû˵ĴŪŶԷ
ȵ˼ңӳȻĿŷɣջǳ˻֣ǣ
ɵ˵ͷԼҵʱȴֿĵƻ
ϵļƶڷɼ˵ǱȽϡģڼɳϿӵĸĸʵ裬ǽû̯
ŵӳŻ˵ӽͲ̯ˣҲû⡣
÷кˮɱ֣ҿ¼Ǳϵģ㰮Ծ͸ϴֳԸϣ˯
ɰѶŵϴֵʱĸĸ¼ҵ顣
⼸̰⣬ȻҲһЩǮ·С˸̣ͨԺͲ÷紵ɹˣҷԼҲҪΪÿ궼ǵķⷢҪտ˶ͿԸĻˡ
÷ڸԼɷŻҪôô˲ǰС£ĴС
Щµʱ򣬷ϴֳͻȻ˵¡


48 
÷ոԼɷӦʲôĴøٹǮʱ, ͿɼվɳǰŶϵӡ
ôĹŮ, Ļ׶ǳˡ
ôˣǺ÷ȷӦʵҪ˵ʲô
ɿǰĸĸΪÿ춼Ҫ紵ɹģǿͬҪϲ٣ӳȻĸĸ࣬ɿžǸᡣ
֮⣬֡
̯С˵ֶǷǳӲģƤϼرʵ, ̵ǩӻӶ̫ʹ
Щʮü걻Ӳĥģɶ
ŸĸԼУ½ǳĬò˵תѧ
⻰һ˾Ͳˣ÷Ǿȵĵɴ۾ö˶˵ĸתѧ
˵¼ҲǾѧУԶôҪǲתѧĻ, ·ϻᵢܳʱ䡣
˭˵ȥ¼ҵİ÷Է˵¼ҸŪ, ʲôû, ҸֹȥŴ, ȥʲô
÷˵ο㶼ˣôתѧ
Ҳüͷ˵Ķԡ
֪ǵһӰѧϰ︴ϰһġɶԶ˵ѧУ֮ǰпʱȥ, ʡص㣬ڵѧУ
÷ԾеԥŷʵʡصǸ, תȥ
ӦÿԣɶԸĸ˵ĩȥǱ߿һ, ֱӽȥ
÷ü𣿡
ɵ˵ͷ
ʵϵҲǲãΪϳˣ׵ĽԴҲһ̵ģڵĸ˵ʦǶģڱﻹŵϺš
ڼϸоôʮӾܵɵĸĸҲֱӱС
Ů˵ҪȥʡصѧϣĸҲŲܾ
÷ͷǴ³ƴʵˣӳȻĸĸһҽԺƣһǹĹʦ˵СǱɼһǸ߳һڵġ
ڳƴô꣬÷֪ѧϰҪԣǷûʲôĻֻ̯տɶŮĽǸġ
ȻˣҲ㡣÷Է˵ҪȥõĸѧҲкôġ
ɵ˵ͷֶԸĸ˵һһûиǡ
÷ͷӶһۣŮôһ£ײ˶ټ£
ְԼѧĸ˵ˣҲһͷˮΪɴСѧϰͺãԼҲûпǹտ·䲻˵Լ뿼֣һʱûӦ
ѵཻһˡ
ŪôǮ÷һסˣССͿɱʲô°
û¡ɸæԼĸ˵㻹ǵ֮ǰ̯ϺǸͬѧôͦǮģҵġ
˱ʵö˶˵ĸôǮ
˵ʵǽǮǽӳȻǮӳȻٰҽѧѡ
߰ġ÷ͷΣԷ˵˭ǮǮ㱨ô˹˲ˣǮҸ취ա
֪Լ˵Ļøĸѹ̰ڵ⣬ôǮ˷ӺӣҪϰĿ붼Լ¡
Բ𡣡
ɵͷԸĸ˵ûͱҿԺ󶼻׬Ǯǵġ
÷̾˿һ޽ǵ鷢ԼĹŮɵĸп˵ʲôɵ㻹Ҫ򹤻Ǯ㿴˭Ҳϸϰ࣬ǰѧϰõʱ㱨඼ϣȻϲǾȥϡ
衭
˵տǸ߶Ϳʼ׼ˣϰѧϾҪȥˣҪתѧҪտģ𣿡
ɺĵ˵ͷе裬ˣտҪǿϣһаʱμͨ߿ҳɼ㵢һЩʱ䣬ٲϾͿˡ
÷Ҳû⣬ɷһۣҲ˵˵Լ뷨
Ůô˵ˣǾôɡԼŮЦСɿǼˣ˵п϶С
һΧһŷ˵ĲֵǸʲôǰôû˵ϲ
˺ܾãֱʱˣ÷÷ɸϽȥϴϢ컹ѧء
Ҷڴͷĥá
ɶأ÷ϴϴɷ⸱üΪǵļûǮ˵һ飬ǼҲûǸǮȥȡˣСɸǸǮͬѧС
¼ҵʵľ󴲹ˣھɼҾ߶ãʱûҲǲС
ҲԼ°ͣ԰˵ûС˵תѧʱһ䶼ûӳȻô
÷ŷӦû
˵ɺӳȻ˹ϵôãҪתѧӳȻ޶ԣٵļɣ
ЩҲû˵ǹ鲻ð
룬ŶԺ÷˵˵ǼСǲʲôί˰
÷Ŀһۡ
***
ڶһ磬ѧǰõ˷ȡȡһǮ
⻹С¿ȡȡǮء
ǸûСѾͷͷһμôʵһǮʱҦˢĿֻ֪֣һǮķڷǰʱ֪Ǯķжء
һǧ飬շһͨĳԴסеı׼һǧ飬һǮǼĸµѡ
տ̯õʱһҲһ׬ôǮ
ŶǮķɣ÷Ŷ˵ʲôϽǮӳȻɣôǮСҶġ
ŷӦͷĿĸף˵û£ھͰǮӳȻ
Уȥɣȥأ컹ѧء
š
ɱǮȥӳȻҵţŵӣɱʵСɣȻȻ̫˰ɣûˢϴء
ӳȻҧˢܳˣŷɾǰһɣ
šɿӳȻſͨ˯ҧˢģ;ĪĿɰɻԼҪ£˵¸˵
飬ӳȻѾȫͨˡ
9ǰؼң11˯㻨Ǯÿ¶ٿô
ֲǻȥƽôʲô
ϸ룬ҲΪԼ̫ˣɲŹܵôϣЩûŹܵˣӳȻѾˡ
ͨ㣬ӳȻɾЦòã˵һ£Ͼͺá
ӿһС֪ԼСҪ˵ЦŶԷ˵ģҺ¥ˡ
ɵ˵ͷ·ߺɲŽݡ
ӳȻԡˢ˰ͳˣϻʪĴˮǰķʪʪģеɵ
ӳȻȻЦӯӯĶԷ˵ôô簡ҸأҪȻһ
Ҳû㣬Ѷͻȥˡ˵ţŰǰˡ
ʲôӳȻӹ档
ɶ˵ǵѵ౨ǮҰ˵ˣǮǵǼԼ㻹ǻҦɡ


49 
ǰһǮ, ӳȻһʱûɻ˼
ö˶˵ģͻȻ˵ֻӳȻ΢΢ü˵, ܰģǮ㻹ûȥɡ
ɺһûнӣ̧ͷӳȻ˫ڵīһ㣬޲
ǮѾȡˣοҰҲ֪£ǻǾòϰǮԼƽĶӳȻ˵ҦǮҲǴģ㻹ǰǮ˼Ұɡ
һһ˵Ķǳе, ӳȻǸоﲻԡ
̫ˡ
ɴûиԼô
ǰûʲôӡ󣬿һǾǹͬƲˣһʲôӳȻ˵һˣǧк
, ΪһǮĲϰѸԼˡ
ӳȻɵÿʼ﷢, ܾ÷ԼԽԽԶˡ
ɡӳȻüͷ, ŷɵְѴӴǮҲ, ҲôƾĹϵںһǮô
ƽǰˣ˰ҲûǿǺðɡ
ǮҴȥѧУҦƫͷûҸһġ
˵, ɱͷҲص뿪ӳȻļңƺһӶȥһ
ɵķӳȻǱ߬סһȥѧУ·Ҳĵ, Լ˵˻Ƿɲˡ
ɷƺȫЩƽӳȻѧԷؼҡ
ҦõһźƱӵʱҲĿ˿ɺӳȻ, ԹԵʲôû˵
ӻճĹƺɴûбӰһϹӳȻһѧͰһʳóԷϰһؼҡ
ƽûһ㲻һ
ɾӳȻԽԽ£ƤҪˡ
ܾǱǰɿ϶˸ģ
ҦĻΣӳȻļ˵Ҿ̫࣬㲻Ҳϣɰ鵱ûôôڻˣ
ģɷôͺܲӳȻԴǵ˵
ҦΣ˵ˣһ˵ɶ
˵ӳȻ˵ˣǿ߰ɣͬѧϰˡ
ӳȻֻܱԼ˽ңһ۽ʦ칫ƣ˵ҷɸʲôģʲô𣿡
ʱķվİ칫ǰͷĵǩ֡
˿ɣʵˣ
ɵ˵ͷ˵ѾϵǱߵʦˣȥ棬һͿȥϿˡ
ô˵ˣֻҡҡͷǩ֣պ˲̧ͷԷ˵УһͲѧУˣףѧУȡøõĳɼ
ɳĬãų˸
ȷ뿪˽Ұ칫ңͿվˣ΢΢Ƭ̣ͣ˼Ӳ̧˹
ɡӳȻȳ˻֣ʵʦʲôȥ˰ôŷˡ
ɿһۣӹԼûʲôҵĳɼ
ɼôãôӳȻƣ㲻ȫУǰʮǵڰ
û˵ĬУſȥ
ӳȻûԼҲ⣬ʵ㲻ǻϲôѾ˵綯ͷȥ
ƫͷһۣãе£Լȥˡ
ʲô£ڽֶòˣĩͺúڼϢ
Լ¡
˵ӳȻû˵ɣڶȥɼҵʱ򣬹Ȼ˵Ѿˡ
ǵģǰ컹˵ҪԼأһգ۵Ĺϰ඼ˡ
ϸӳȻҲ˯˻ˣֻܱ褸Ͻҵ
ҵʲôģػضǲĿ˼أ
ӳȻǰԾŵȷ¿λ˿һ
ôţӳȻűת档
תѧпǺܻӭģӳȻʲôᣬָһָϷתȥǲת𹿰ЧС
ӳȻһתʣһ߿Ŵⷢ
䲻ľͿ¥һҰҹ˾ĳͣԺ
ӳȻſžˡ
ϾɽףʲôõĶһ
ǺɫƵĹӣǵ÷ɼҾһġ
ǶƤ嶷ɫķȱ˸ֵĹΡ
ǻɫɼһ
Ҳǡ
ľܡ
ţ
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶣ȻͻȻתһӾͷ˳ȥ˲Ϸˡءһ졣
裬裡
һϹӳȻ˿Ҳ񣬴ԼԼĸף褽ݲŴʧɫʵ¥ǰҹ˾˭ļң
褿˵ӳȻ˵ô⺢ӣǼҰû˵
ǼҪˣ
ʲôʱ飬ô֪
û˵𣿡
ӳȻֻţûаû˵Լҵ飡
գգۣŶӳȻ˵ô
ӳȻˣǰ;òԾɱֵ̫˾ͺܲԣѲϰǮ˻ȥϸЩǰװ
ǰҲûзҵ鰡
ԣ
ӳȻϸĻһ£ɵȷǰҵģǸʱѾϴѧˣǷźٻؼҵʱɲŶӳȻ˵ҵ飬һӳȻȥһꡣ
ǲҪȵ߿ôôͻȻǰأ
һ𾪵ԼҹŮ褲ŶӳȻ˵СǸ˵˰ɡ岻ǰ̯ʮüôǮڶ˷һӣԺͲҪٸ˽ˣǺ°
Ǻû
ӳȻɷΪʲô˵
褱ԼҹŮĴɤŪĶ䶼ˣ˵˵СɺҲҪתѧˣȥǸõĸУþ¼Ҳ
ӳȻ۾
һδƽһԭŷɰûʵǲ˵Ҫתѧ
תѧô飬ɴһΪʲô֪
Ϊʲô֪
ӳȻˣץԼĸ׵ļš
褿ķӦҲ֪ӦôοԷֻ˵Сɲİɡ
ܵġ
ӳȻ룬ɿ϶ڱԼΪԼһѡ
صֻɴ绰һһɶԷǲͨ˻
ŶлеʾӳȻ˶
Ǻĳȶš
ˡ
ǰЩӳȻԵϸ𽥵ƴһˮƽ֮µࡣ
ӳȻΪԼף˽˶Է
ʵϷ˵ݵ飬ȴΪѡ˺ӳȻһΪǸʱոʧȥ׵ĸĸûкҦϵôУֻзɺļˡ
ҲɸĸһֱǶʱֻΪӳȻû˸ĸͺ÷ΪϵܺõھӲһ˹¿סѰҵһ꣬ͷɿ˴ѧſʼְȥһ¼ҡ
һжΪӳȻһˡ
һճĺʧȥ˸ĸʧȥɺѺõھӡ
һΣӳȻĸĸûг£ǺúõĻţԺĹ΢΢Ĳƫ롣
ûкӳȻһҲûչ˺͹ذɣȻѡҺתѧ
ԭƽеֱߣΪӳȻһӴİ·


50 
ӳȻƴɴ绰ʱ, ոմӹ
ɿһ۴Ӹոտʼʹͣص绰뻹Ȱֻϡ
Ǹĸҵ, ǷȥѧУԵӡ
11ͽˣŹλƵש̵У԰
ʡصʦǿ󣬱е״ԪǴȥģЩѧȫʡȫŵġ
ɵҲǾѧϰԭĸкãҲＸΣż˺ӳȻģΪǸʱ򻹲ȷԼҪҪת
ڣѾûʲôǵˡ
ɵһ̬߽У԰
ѧУŵʦϵ˼, Ҳŷȥʳó˶ְͣŴȥ˽񴦡
תѧķɲ֪ɸתѧʦǺģһ·϶ڽѧУѧϰͽʦȫûΪǸ
Щ֮ǰԵĳɼɰԼϷ˲輸, Щŵ˵ʦ㿴Ҫʲô𣿡
ʦݺܺͰ, ǸĽʦ
Է˵ĳɼǶѾ˽, , ѧУҲϣܹյѧ
˵꣬ʦͺʵͬѧĸĸأôֻһ
ǽұȽæ, ҪȰҲܹӡ
Ŷûϵ, ѧѾתˣһͿϿ, Ҹ㸸ĸľͿˡ
õģʦ
֮ʦִŷɹ˹У԰ʶһ¼ҪΪɰεʦ
ѧУģɼҾסڸԲҪסУ
ɼҲвϰ˲٣ûһ˵
δİζԷ˵ǵĽĩǴӲصģöסУĺӻϰЩԸģȥ棬ǸԸѧϰ
Ȼ֣ɻǵ˵ͷû˵
һȦѧУ֮󣬸ɵĸоǹֵֹģѧУͽΪУ٣ԭѧУＸ˽ǲٳʲôûС
ɾľͺһ
÷ѧУһ֮ʦֽһЩ⣬뿪
İĽֵϣ÷ڸ˵
Ժһֱ߾ܵСţŶǼҵӣڻװޣ¾ܳɡ÷˵Լӵʱ϶ֺǺǵģȻǰӹҲɰ¼վǿĵġ
ɾţѧУҵľ룬ԭѧУҪһ֣ѧؼֻҪʮӾܵҡ
Ҳ֪ԼתѧˣӳȻʲô顣
Сɡ÷ȻֶԷ˵תѧͰҵûȻȻ˵ôҿһ㣬۾ˡ
ôƽ˵һֱûô˵
÷̾˿Ů˵ȻȻ⺢ҿĺ᲻㣬ҽַھӵס˿ʮ꣬ϵҲһǻȥɡ
ɵ˵ͷʵӳȻ֪Ǽҵסַô
֪÷⣺զˣ㻹֪
ûУҾʣҪûĻһһȥ˵
ţһٸǮȻȻԶٷתѧ˻
á
***
ǶĹ3һˣڹվ̨ϵϴֻӳȻԼʮδ硣
İЩߣ˿Ϣ
ʵӳȻ֮⣬Ҳû˸Ϣ
ɰҵûиκ˵תѧҲûи˽ӦóӳȻ֮⣬û֪˰ɡ
ôţҪȵĹѾˡ
ûôˣ˸λ
Ҳ̫ˣԼʮӣӳȻһ绰û
ҲͦãҪĴˣɻ֪Ӧôء
һˣλƵʻӸտʼİ·𽥱Ϥ֪ԺԼٻٻصˡ
˹ϽַȥѾܹŵͷǼС⽵ζˡ
Ƥڴ֭ŨС⽣ʱͺܺãȵ˶ࡣ
пԱߵĴͱһʮ꣬Сϲͱζرʡ
ҪҪȥʱͱʱһֱֱֻӰ˽ȥ

ɾһͱǽϣһüӳȻ㷢ʲô裿
ǽô࣡
ɽ촩Ŀ·
ӳȻ۾ʵѾȷɺܾˣΪ÷뿪ǰ˵÷ɻģûгӶֻܴϽĹվ̨£Сʱˡ
ΪʲôҪתѧӳȻĶŷɣץʵˣΪʲôҪתѧ
ɳĿڵǱʡصС
ôӳȻ˵ѧУҲ
ǲ˵ѧУ˸ʡ״ԪѧУ״ԪûУȥǱѧʲô𣿡
Ǳʦǿ˵תѧȥģɷԼܸǱߵĽȡ
ҪΪѧϰãǱ˵Ը÷תȥء
Щʹɲ˵ӳȻҲ׵ġ
Էɶ˵ѵӦΪҸе𣿡
ףԸףԸƽ
ӳȻǰˣ촽΢΢˵һ仰
ɡ
գӳȻǲ˵ԲҴˡ
ɲĿˣ
ӳȻʶĿڵĶˡ
²˵϶ҵ⣬ұ֤Ժ󲻻ˣ˵ʲôʲôӳȻŷɵ˵Ժҿ϶9ǰͻؼң11ǰ׼ʱ˯̲ȾƣӰҲ϶绰
⻰˵̫˳ˣںǸӰ࡯ʶľͱӳȻ˵ˡ
껹Ŀ˵ĸʲôϵⲻӦϲ˲ĵ𣿡
˵Ѿһ
ӳȻȴᶨ˵ôûϵϲ˾㰡
Ծһ㶡
ӳȻŻ˵ˣ˼֣˵ɣϲġ
˵ûкҵİ飬ҲĻĴŮӳȻϲ
ǵһʱһЦȱ
ҲǵóеʱΪԣ첻Լһȥܰ˰ס
ǵΪӳȻɼûڵĸУΪҪֿˡ
һ׮׮һȻƽÿһʱ䶼ӭĿԣ񴺷꣬ճ䡣
ƽļҪԼѪǲǰ顣
ӳȻͷؿŷɣ˵ģϲ㡣
ҲӳȻĸ̫ͻȻһʱûзӦ˶µġ
ʲôϷ
֮ǰΪɶף˵һ߰ĻŪ˶졣
ԼˣΪʲôӳȻҪ˵ֻ
ϲԼ
ϲĲĻĴŮô
ʶüͷšűԷ߬ŵӳȻ˵㲻˵ϲĺõĴŮôָ˵Щʲô
ӳȻˣϲĺõġǣҲϲĺõĴŮˣ
ôᣬ⻰Լ׿˵ģ
׿˵ģҲϲģ
ɶЦˣӳȻ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ӳȻĿһۣͷɵ˵֪
ȷɻشӳȻ͵ͷס촽


51 
ӳȻʵЩͻȻ, ȫûзӦʱ򣬱˸ʵʵ
ԷͷڷɵĿǻŰ, ͷ򦡣
ԴµģŷӦƿǰˡ
ӳȻ
ɴûӹǣּҪȥǣǾ÷еҪһ
ӳȻ߬ţѷǽףζԷô㲻
׵ӳȻŷɵ°, ʹŵ

ﱻ׹о٣ԴҲκģȴһʼʶĵֿƺоһĸоӺӿ, ԽԽ˳, ҲС
ӳȻɿɵ, Ϳǽ۽糺, ΢׵촽ſţؿڵľܿϲˮա
˶ˡ
ֻڵϿ, ѾνĽˡ
ȴû뵽ӳȻȻͷԼ˸ոտ϶ǽ˶ԷҺ
ɷȴĪûöġ
ҪǱ϶Ҫֵ, ӳȻ
ӳȻΪʲôҪ
Уôôã
ɿǽƽԼ, ոջŵһӱζȥӳȻ۾תͷ΢΢ҧԼ촽
ŷðɫҧźɫ촽ӳȻѪӿɵִս˰˵ǽϡ
΢΢üһӳȻ˵˺òãôǵѹ𣿡
ӳȻǰˣöͷŷɵĶͷ߬޴ӡ
㣡
ɸ˵ӳȻ˵ڶΡ
ûеһεĻңӳȻڶ
ŷɵݺ촽⹴ŷɶزصͷ˾һ
ɱ۾ֻϻģÿʼҲڵҪץסʲôӳȻץסʮָۡ
Ҳ֪˶ãӳȻ뿪ɵ촽ֺõĶ˵ϲ˰ɣ
׵ͨ죬һʱ費
ҡ
֪кܶ಻ԵĵطԺҲȡġӳȻŷɵ֣˵ϲ£Զġ
ӳȻ׷ûôȥֻöԷʮָŴ̵ָа塣
۵ķԴġ
֡˵
ҲӳȻ˵㲻ǲֵġ
ɵһۣеҺۣ֣
ӳȻһ㶣׷⻰ʲô˼æɿָÿָͷһߣίί˵Բ𰡣Ҳǹʹôģ㻹۲ۣ
һӾͳԼ֡
ӳȻӾ֪Էûԭմְ˰ǽһεʱ򣬾ӿڴһϤ
ף褺˻˱ȻȻʲôأ
ءһ¾ͺˡ
ôˣĽֿǵأֵĶˣҪǱ˿˸ô죿
ӳȻҲһԼİͷһһץĸоʱһ
˦ӳȻ߳褺˸кתҪߣڵСɣҪҪҼҳ극ȻȻļ㲻ϲȵô
ǰҲԷ˵㿴ǰ̫ͻȻˣǶûúóһ٣Զٷɡ
ӳȻҲ۰Ͱ͵ĿŷɣڴĻش
ɻͷ˿ǣҡҡͷлл尢̣ҽ컹¾ͲȥǼҳԷˣҰҳԷġ
ӳȻۿŷɾҪæǰҪ׷ȥȴƳһۣӳȻҲˣԼȥˡ
˵꣬ҲӳȻʲô飬첽վ̨ȥ
ֻʮ׵ľ룬ɶӳȻ˵ͺǿԽĺ蹵һĶġ
ԭɲ˾ӵġ
ӳȻŶԷʧУﲻɳ˵ס
***
תѧ飬һϰʱ򣬰͸˵ˡ
ҷ׷ױʾ⣬ΪɴӸһʼǺѧÿΰ༶ǼˣⶼˣͻȻתѧʵе⡣
ŷתȥʡص֮־úˡ
ǿʡص㰡еͬѧ͸пҪǷѧϰã˼Ҳء
Ǳ߲ѧϰõôҲȫУڶɣȥǱܵڼ
ǰ50ɣ
ǰ50
ǿʡصǰʮ껹ʡ״Ԫأȫõĸˡ
ˣɻͦ᲻÷ɵģûǽ̫˼ˡ
ǰ
ĵͬѧȻתͷλϵӳȻӳȻתѧϢӦ֪ɣ˵ܵø÷˵ɣ
ӳȻϣͷҲû̧
˶֣Ҧͷ˵ˣǾͱ𲹵ˣתѧûء
ļٵģͬѧȵ˵ϵõôӰģȻû˵𣿡
ӳȻǸͷûͬѧ鲻ãľ뿪ˡ
Ҧ˶뿪ˣŴչӳȻ˵ҲǣҲ֪ͷ֮顣
ӳȻûôСأԾ˵ͷ
ӳȻ⸱ӣҦͺΣԱߵλϾʵô찡÷תѧˣ֮Ǹ߿ʹѧ˵Ժһ涼ѡ
⻰ΣôæҪμӸ߿ȥѧˣʱĺǸڲܻһˡ
Ҫסһ¥˵һǶһУԺǷżҲԼųȥˡ
ӳȻĬ˺ܾã̧ͷҦ˵һæɡ
Ҧƫͷʾ˵
ӿΡӳȻĵĶ˵Ҵڻ
***
ͬʱɸովڽ̨ҽܣŽ̨ʮ˫Լ۾Īľñ顣
ǸźŮʦߵķ߱һ˿ɫı߿۾Ҳĵ˷ǳ࣬˿ԼĿμ༶ûκ˵תͷԷ˵ڶλǿյģɡ
ɵ˵ͷ˽̨
߰ͬѧλͬѧֻж̶̵ļӣԼλϵʱ򣬾ûȥˡ
ת˷дںڰԼ֣ʼϿεݡ
Ҫʦ˵ʲôͬѧǺԾĿʼǱʼǣûһ˵
¿ʱ򣬷ɿ˼ϲͬѧ⣬˻ǸϿһддżм̸Ҳֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ϶ûжˣϿλ¿Σô
ȥʳóԷɺͼͬѧһ𣬾ͿǲǱſαһ߳ŷһĬŹʫʡ
ʳãȴ÷ɸоͼݡ
ÿϼſαУ԰Ҳǰġ
ûݣ˷ȥͿʼѧϰĵȥȣԾĶŶʦûвҵɻԼԾʼ⡣
ѧУĵһ죬û˶Ըתķɺ棬Աߵļλͬѧ֮ûԸ˵
ѧϰƺصΨһҪ¡


52 
ϰһڿ, ӳȻҦ˹ѧУݺһǽ
ҪǽҦӳȻèǰߡ
ȻӳȻҵǸǽʹ, ͷǽϼȱשߵĶžͺܺ
˺üѧУӣҳʵӿεص㡣
ЩӦþӿεŪģ㿴ЩȥӳȻҦ˵
ȥôȥأ
ţʵúá
ӳȻһߣӣҦ˵ȥȻ֪ôȥҡ
ҦӳȻ̧žҪȥæչӸơ
һƻһʣ˵, ǾŵϰʱȥǸѧҷɲҲһ𣬷ǵӿ𣿡
㲻ӳȻǽͷ˵ǱԶˣҶ֪Ҫôȥ
˿ӿӴδ˰죬ӳȻϴþǽͷ, ͷҦ˵ҵ
Ҧεҡҡͷ, Ĩҵ, ӵӳȻĻ˵ȻҸ˾绰, ȥɣϣ·ϲȫ
⻹˵, ˡӳȻҦ֣
Ҧ־ݵĺŴˣֵڵıһ۾ͿǽͷӳȻͻԭصҦ, ҡֵͲͺǱߵģĸģ
ӳȻҦһĬûԷһ, һȥһȾܡ
ԥƬ̣ѡ׷Ǹ˵ġ
ǽˤӳȻͷһԺǽĬĬҦƽ¡
Ҳûȥıˣæ˦˦˵ȣվ̨ȥ
ȥǵĹ٣ô߷壬ӳȻֱѡ˸ʵ·ȥѧУԶת
8㲻ǽŹصѧſڵʱ򣬶Ѿŵˡ
˳ӳȻɵüͷվ̨һĩ೵ʱ䣬ʮһˡ
Ҳ֪ɼϰ
ӳȻҲûֻ֪ôϵɣҲڸֻ࣬ĵſڵʯϣĵĴʱ䡣
ſڵıӳȻֿһУҵţϵСһεʲô¡
ͨǵϢӳȻ֪ϰϵ10Ӳŷѧȡ
ʮһѧ
ſȫǹӺӵļҳӳȻҲվȺУУģۡ
ɻǵһӽˣΪ󲿷ͬѧڰԾ˵ǶסУҪһֱѧ11ҹš
һѧѧУɵĸоѹ֡
˶ֶѧϰԷ˯ʱ䶼һ޲ð24Сʱ뻨
Ҫʦȥţ˶ԾıԾԼѧϰƻ
ҪЩʦǵĽɡ
ŨҵѧϰΧ£ɽȷǰԾͬģҲԼƺԹˣ̫Ѩͻͻۡ
رѧУſڿУվһȺҳмӳȻʱ̫Ѩˡ
ô⣿
ԭأӳȻôģ
ϰҲһСʱɣ
Ѳӿˣ
ʶ㣬ɫͲ̫ˡ
ǸĿʶҧҧԼ촽ɫҲ
ǿϵĳǣҽһǶ㡣
ĴŸ飬ŵǡ
ڣɶϡӳȻ촽ɵͷüҪ÷мܲסˡ
һ뵽⣬ɵɫˡ
ӳȻΪʲôôױԼʲô
ԽԽڳУҲװûһۣһתԱȥ
ӳȻԶԶľͿ˷ɳʶ¶Ц˼ŤͷˣŵӳȻæȸȥ
ɣɷȵҰ
ӳȻԼȳ׷ȥŷɵֱ۾˵ô찡
ɱȻͷӳȻܱܲô겻ɢҶתѧ㶼ܸ
ӳȻƤ񣬺ܸɴĺ˷ɻ˵ľӣЦӯӯĶ˵Ҿˣ㡣
ΧɫУ·˵ʱ򻹿һۣŪ÷е㲻̫ڡ
ӳȻɶԷʵǴҲ֪˳ʲôģͷԼ߾ˣҲô
Ѳֻվ·Ķ˵ӳȻˣܲһ㣿
ӳȻ˵㻹ǵһ˵Ҳˡ
Ĳ
ӳȻҲŷɵЦӯӯ˵ѧУô
ɿ˿˵ͦõģѧϰΧǱ֮ǰѧУá
ӳȻӦһ˵ܾЩ϶ڣһûУʬһ
һæ˵ҹ˵ʲôأСı㣡
סӳȻҲЦüô°Ǻ𣿡
ûнӻʵһҲѧУķΧѹ֣ʲôû˵
ɳĬӳȻŴչ˵ҶˣʲôطܳԷ𣿡
ƳһۣûԷ
ˡӳȻ˵ֶˡ
ɺΣȻӳȻޣɱϾʶʮˣ׶԰Ϳʼ˵ͻġ
ǿˣӳȻŷԲôûûƤ
Ҳ֪⸽ʲôԵġƫͷ˵ҲŸϵһ졣
ȥ·ҰɡӳȻǣɵ֣Ц¼ĸߣ
ӳȻĵ¶ǹ̵ģˣôȣ̵ķȴ᲻á
ֻܼװȵ¶ȣָָǰ·˵·һֱߣǰСˡ
ŶӳȻ˿Զ¥ǵȷͦģۼҽ
ǱӳȻǾ䡮ۼҡһƵģġ
·˸ŵĹӽȥҪߡ
ڣˢˢķ˿ӡ
óԡ
ûԵǼߺóԡ
ӳȻĵɵϥǣչ˵Ҫһң
ɲ˷ʳȻ߲رóԿҲûеʳʵĵزҡҡͷ˴׺ӳȻ˵˷ѣꡣ
֪ӳȻɸһ׵ʹףԼŪҲ١
ЩζǰĶ΢ܳȥһЩ
ԱӳȻԹԵĸǮһͷͿվſڣƨƨߵĳˡ
ʲôʱȥ˫ֲ嶵ѾɫӳȻ˵
ӳȻʵڼ˰
ɿ˿ϵֱ˵ʮˡ
˵ţͿһӳǶͨ﷽Ĺڶǰʻ
ɻָ˵û
ӳȻĬĵ˵ͷŤͷԷ˵ˣǸĩ೵
ɣ
˹ģ
֪ΪʲôӳȻҪԷˣأ
㣡ܻĳ𣺡ǹĩ೵ô
ûаӳȻһ޹Ŀŷɣ͵ûֻҲûֱ֪ڼˡ
ɺղųߵʱӵģ
ӳȻ̹Ȼû
òŤͷǱߣӳȻæȥЦ¶һС
ɣɷɡӳȻҽ𣿡


53 
Ϊĩ೵, ֲټӳȻƤ, ʵûа취ֻȰ˴˵ܲ취ͻȥ
տ̻װޣͺ÷˳Ź˶°ʰһЩܼʡǮͿɴӳȻˡ
ףȻȻôⰡ÷һֵģʱͰƵϵô˰
ûа취ֻܰӳȻǰ򵥵˵һ, ˵ĩ೵ʰְܲܿؼҡ
ʲôҰôס¡˵Ҫȥг˳ȥѧУˡ
ɻû˵ӳȻ̸˵, лл壡
Ҫʱ, ӳȻֱӺ֡
÷Ҳô, Ͼô, ȥһһҲ鷳οҲͦϲӳȻģҹҲûʲô⡣
֪ӳȻҷû˵, ÷ĸ褴˸绰
褽ӵ绰˿ԹӳȻڷɼҺúϢѧٻؼҡ
˫ĸͬ, ӳȻ˶ҪˣЦӯӯĿŷɾ˵˯
ɵһ, ƺû˵
Ϊ¼ңöҾ߶ûãӳˢ˸Ĵǽ̨ԡװ˵֮⣬Ҳûйֵװޡ
һĸֲСˣסǴԣӳȻǼԻҪһЩ
ⷿӻͦġӳȻУ˵Ժ߷չۿ϶ǵġ
ģû
ӳȻҲ̫ûȤԹԵȥϴ֮󣬺÷Ͷ˵С˯һŴˡ
˯һŴ
ӳȻ΢΢죬Ѿûͷˣ䲻Ҫ˯һеС
Ǵ˯µķɲ̫˵ӣӳȻһ۶˵෭ӣȻ˯ϡ
÷ЦӳȻ͸æ˵˯Ҳӵġ
ƫͷû
ŷɽݣ÷ŶӳȻ˵Сɸ㿪Цˣȥ˯ɣ11ˡ
áӳȻЦŶԺ÷˵˯ˣ
ϷźӳȻͿѾ˴˿תͷʵ˯滹棿
ӳȻĿͰСϣ괩źصУ÷ɵ˫ϸְף׶ǰ͸ɫֺͷҲ۷۵ġ
˯˯ﶼСӳȻ˵ѡ
룬ƿλãȻ˱͵ش˸¡
11µ컹ǺģıѶһս
ӳȻӾ͸æ˽ȥڴͷ˵ҪͰѽŷСȶϣҿůˡ
ɹСӲԸ⣺Ҳ䡣
ӳȻģͺЦڱһӾͰѷɵĽŹ˹
ɾһ𾪵Ŀǰˡ
ӳȻ̹̹ŷɵ˫˵ǰʲôܣһֽű䣬ǰѽҿˣôˣ
ԾͺŤŤ˵ûУ˵
ǲǺ˵֪
ӳȻֻһҲ䣬ÿοɴ㻹ö߶µľͷǳ⡣
رǻסһ𣬷ɸǸ䣬ÿ춼ѰӣǼһ쵽ĿůҪӳȻİȡů
ûйůӣӳȻԸůġ
ԣӳȻҲɵĸ˫ȼŷɱ˫ţٿȥŷɵ֣ͳһ޴ˮ
ȻӳȻʵ̫ůˣľһûˡ
ǵûУӳȻŵĽҲʼůҲ߬ţ𽥵ӿƤġ
ɡ
ӳȻŷ۾ҪˣʵҰѴͷƹˣ
΢΢˵ͷ͸о˶˶šǡһ죬䶼˺ڰ
ģǱȴů͡
Щ˯ܼѣڴϺܾñѶġ
˯̫ãÿҹᱻһء
иȵˮߣɾ;ﶼůġ
ֲùŴҪůѾأҪһˣⲻˮӸô
ڰӳȻܿһ㶫ģ˿˶ţӳȻ߬ŷѾ΢΢ʼµģʵɣϴҸ˵Ļôģ
ɱ۾û˵
֪㲻ô˯ŵġӳȻִչ֣˵ϲģҸֺĻ𣿡
Ż۾
ӳȻںڰҲŵ˫ۣɵľµûš
˵ô£
֮ǰԼ˵ϲĻĴŮһֱ߶߶˵ϲԼ
ӳȻʶôˣôܲô
ǾԼתѧˣɾӳȻ˵ԼϲŮ飬תѧתѧİ
Ϊʲô˻øתɣ
ӳȻɺεĿ˵Ҿ͵Ǹ⣬ҶǺ֮ĸ飬ǾҲͦõô
ӳȻæҡͷǵģϲ㡣
˵ûʹϲϲأ
ӳȻһ⻰ˣĿİ˺ðβʵǡϲ𣿡
ϲ˵ֻ֮ĸ飬ӦҲܲǲʺһ𡣡
ӳȻˣôʺһأǺʺϵģ
ԼӳȻ̫ˣɺ³һǽ֮ĸĸŵİסӳȻֳ˵㲻Сô
ӳȻί
ŲҪˡ
Ż
ɼӳȻ⸱ίίҪҪӣɿתԼС˵ץ˯ɣʱ䲻ˡ
ӳȻչŷɵҲֻǸоԷӽӲһ£֮ӳȻô߶߶Ҳش
ſĲˡ
ӳȻίŷſ󲱾ޣɼ˰Ҳûν𶹶
ˮˡ
ӳȻ룬öȵٹޡ
***
ڶһ磬6ˢϴˡ
ӳȻһʱûӦ˿춼ûأô˾ˣ
˿ӳȻڰ˯ѵ״̬ڴ߿ŷͷ׼ȥԷź֪ʵôô磿
ΪѧУ6ҪܲȻϰƽĶ˵
ӳȻ궼ˣȵ㣿
룿
˶û˯˭ܲ7㲻ϰѧУ
̫̬˰ɣ
ҲεĿʡص㣬һ¡
ǣʡصҲôİɣӳȻչ˵㻹ǱѧУˣ·ǵð˰ɣ߿ֲġ
ɵǲ⣬ӳȻ˵ʵã11ǰ˯ŵĻСʱ˯ʱ㹻ġ
ӳȻǲôΪȻȷе˯ĸСʱܾһ죬һǾ˾Ӧ˯˸СʱŶԡ
⻰ͷһۣ˵ӲҳԷҼҾӦ˯߸Сʱ
ӳȻݺҲûϾԼȷƤҪġ
ˢϴ֮׼ˣ경ѧУṩͣҪڼԷˡ
Ҳصоܼѹʱ䶼ѹѧϰܲʱһ߱ſһܡ
Ҳ𴲰ӳȻ͵УſڣſСλƵˡ
ӳȻſտյУ԰̾˿ſ˵ͽȥˡ


54 
ӳȻǵһҵ, һ߳һߵȣ˶ʮӲ˵һͬѧ
֮½½˲, ҶӳȻôѧУҲǳ졣
ҦҵʱӳȻ̧ͷ
˷ֵܵĿ죬Ҳ֪Ҧʱôˣ˿һ̧ͷͿҦϹŲʣʱͰӳȻŻˣ
Ᵽô˰
ô
ӳȻæҦʹ󺰵ôˣҪȻɣ
ҦһӳȻĻŷ˸۵ʲôһĻû˯Ѱɣ
ϵ˰ӳȻ֣ǲǱ㣿ȥУ˵ȥ
, 󺰴еˣҦöˣæӳȻ˳վ϶˵˲˼ұģҰִġ
ʵġ
ʱǽץ, ȥץѧУܵҦˡ
Ҧֲʲô˶, ѧУһɤȥ, ߰˸˾Χ, ֱͦͦĴ˱ҡ
˻ȥ˳˼ҳ
ˣϰǽӿΡ
Ҧ˺ǰ, ܻľ˦һơ
ϵ˾ġ
ӳȻ֮оˣܵĶ˵, ҪΪҲᱻִ򡣡
Ҧǲʲô֮ǰѭ浸ع, żһЩľٶ;Լ18û׹
ʲôҲһơҦοӳȻ˵ҪǸһǽҵĸôԲˡ
ӳȻƲҵ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣôܴأ
Ҧȴ˵Ҳתѧɼ»˲٣ļͥʦҲѧַǽӿΣҪҲô򡣡
ŭ䲻ѣҦ⡣
οԼĸѹѾˣӪŹ˾Ҫĸ״˾ĸɧҦӹʸתѧ
ԼѹҲԼĲ̫¡
Ҧ뿪˺ҲһˣӳȻأô
ˡӳȻͷɥ˵ˣˡ
ŶȲ
ʲô
ӳȻ̾˿˫ִڷ˵˵ϲɷɾǲţʲôûɾͱˡ
Ҧο׷ô׵İҲ̫żⲻкܳʱ
ˣһǵҲڷߵʱ򣬻˽ȵǡ
ɾͶˡ
ҦЦ˵ʡصЩӣû˴ŵ⣬ͷİɡ
ӳȻ̾˿Ҳֻʱˡ
Ȼ÷תǱ߸ãӳȻô˽Ƿɵĸܡ
ĩģҲ˽ֵ٣ҪǰԼһʱ䶼ûˣ̸׷أ
ȻһʱҲ׷ɣȺúѧϰɡҦӳȻļؿһ˵ҿû취ţһԼȥʦ칫װɡ
ӳȻ
׷ŵĵһʯˣ
***
Ҫ˵ӳȻһڹòôá
Ǳѵһڵ֪ӳȻǷǽȥͻȻתѧķʱĳûмҳ
ӳȻĸĸҲѵһ٣ϾʹѧУߣöüż
ԺļӳȻҲûǸȥҷˣӳȻһ뷨ģϾڵĸкʡصϰѧʱ仹ʱġ
9ѧӳȻܳУţʮʮܹʡصſڵǸվ̨
ҪǷĥĥһÿԺ档
Ҳɱģڹվ̨죬ʮĩ೵ʱӳȻŹ뿪11ǰܵҡ
ȥԼΪ˯ʱ䣬ӳȻԼС㻨Ǯʵһ˵
˭أ໨ʱ׷һ׷ҲӦõġ
죬ǷɲѵϿεӡ
ȻǸ˺ü²žҪտ츳ڵģټϱҲ㹻ҪʦһһظһЩ˵˺ܶķص㣬⼸ڿѧɵĽǺܴġ
һ˵ѡտĶѧϰɼãı·ѧˡɷɲͬ츳Ҳ㹻ѧһѹûУһڿʦˣ¿˻öҶѧϰ
˶ߵĲˣĵŲ˹ŷ˵ѧ㣬ѧУû㣬תѧ𣿡
ɿǸʱԼæ飬ӳȻﻰ飬ɫ΢΢˳˵ţѾתѧˡ
¶һܿϧı飬Է˵ѧ㣬᲻תѧѧУͦõİתѧʲôأ
תʡصУǱߵʦܹһЩɶ˵
ѿʡص𣿡Ծ͵ɴ۾ŷ˵ѧѧ԰ôѿĸ㶼תȥ
ʵҲûʲôģֻǼҸպðᵽѧУѡʰŶһô԰ǻؼһԣ
Цӯӯ˵һؼҳԣҼҾڸ߹ȥˡ
ǺãҾڸһͿˡ
ѧ㲻ؼҳԷ𣿡
ûοȥҪһСʱأԡ
ѧôİ
Ұֿҹġ

һһŵ¥ȥ˴¥ۼĿվ·ߵһˡ
ֻӳȻ촩ţмп˺ͺɫĹװ㣬Űɫ£˿վ·һûһֻ
ǡӳȻѧŲԶˣͰ͵ĶԷ˵
ȻӳȻܾ𣬿ŮĻ¶ģһ˵ĸҲôһӾʧģԴ˿̿ӳȻվ·ʶľͿ˹ȥŲ۾ˡ
ӳȻҲһ߳ͷɣ۾˲һ˻־˹
ɣ
ֻӳȻЦ˹ŸճͷɣĿɨһŵĸ첲Ц۾ûˡ
˵ģһ뵽˲ϲԼͲ˼ˡ
ҡȻؼˣѧټ˵ҪߣӳȻǿͿЦӯӯĵȥ·Ϲ·Сĵ㰡
˵ͷŻŵľˡ
ԶˣӳȻŻعͷͿɲ֪ʱҲˣ͸æ׷ȥ
ɡӳȻչ˵ԱһҺܺóԵĺʸǽҪҪһԣ
˵Ըǽ
ӳȻ˵֥ʿŹǽлԲԣ
֥ʿ
ǳɣдȯ
첻
ǾȥԿରɡ
Ծͣ˽ŲһͷֱӱͣµӳȻ˸
ӳȻԼȷɸһ㣬˸߲ҵıŷ˵ǾͰ˵ģȥԿଡ
ʲôʱ˵ҪԿˣ
ʲôӳȻĵͷǽ֥ʿŹǡ㶼ԣ˵ԸԵġ
ҧҧ촽һʱ֮Ҳ벻Ҫʲô
·ģ˱һ׷ײĿŪ÷ɲ̫˼ƿӳȻ˵ЩҶԡ
ѡɡӳȻվԱ˵ҽǮˣʲô㡣
õôƺһôŶAAɣ
˵꣬ɾͻعȻӳȻЦøˡ
СӳȻûûƤĴչǣɵ˵˵AAAA


55 
ĩҵ˻Ǻܶ, ˶תתѡһתСȥԡ
Աѯʹ׵ʱӳȻ͵͹
õġ
ҲҪ͹ԱߵķͻȻ˵ҽ첻, Ҫѹ
ӳȻ΢΢㶣ŶԷԱ˵Ǿһһѡ
õġԱºȥ׼ˡ
ӳȻŷɣ˵ƽϲһĹôô㷬˰
ƺһ첻
ӳȻҲûϾô뻻ζģ⡣
СҰ齴
Ҫ齴
ԭ˵Ҫһ뵽Լ㷬ѹˣٲԵĹƻʲȥֻ򴽽, վ˵Լȥ
ӳȻͷԣͿվСԱߵ˽һͷƽԵȫͬ
ûз齴˴׺С׽
˵ǲ, ֥ʿɴСͲ, ھȻŪһ롣
ӳȻһ, ʵҪƿѩô
ѩ̡С˵ƿȪˮС
, ӳȻˣǳĸԼء
ʵ֤ǰԵҲ, ѹϲϲԵĵϣԵķˣ˵ʱԵıҪһ롣
, ʾǲ
ӳȻĵ̾ôôӲ
С, ɸԼǷݣӳȻֻøԼģһ߳ţӳȻ˵ҪҪ̲裿
ɿ϶Ҫ˵Ҫ
Ҫ
˵Ҳ̲衣
ӳȻΣǺȵˮɣ㲻ɤô
룬ȷе㲻˼ò˵ǡǾҪһɡ
̲꣬Ҫˮ
ȫǵˮӳȻ˵
ҲҪȫǡվԱߵ
ӳȻԾתͷǰǣ
ɶ˶Сӣ̲˵ǡ
ӳȻ͵ԱĬˡ
ҪǵĲúŶ̲СԷ˵ȷҪǵô
ɵ˵ͷ
õģһȫˮһ²ˮ̲Сֿһ۷ɣ˵ǵĲ֧˻ͶŶ
㶣Ǽᶨĵ˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪͶߣ
ĻѺ
ɽӹǵˮʱҲڴģǲӳȻ⣬治֪ǵˮʲôζ
塤ܣ˵һڡ
ֻʵζֱţϱʱ͹Ҳסˣͷ
ᡭɾȵĿԼϣΪʲôǻô᣿
ӳȻһۣͺЦ˵˼Ҷ˵˲ǵĻᰡ㲻ô죿
ɲаֺһڣֱš
⸱ӣӳȻֻðˮ˹ԼǵǷݵݸҵİɡ
˵Ҫſڻûܾܾ
ϾǱˮʵ̫ˣȴ
ллɱŤŤĽӹӳȻǱܺ
ζͶ
ŷɫһӺӳȻεҡҡͷɵǱһڡ
ͦᣬҲǲܽܡ
һҲûʲô˼ӳȻȥأûʲô
²ǿɻúܿ
˾СԽϣûгԱҪ۳һݿ棬˳󷢴ȱķָӳȻһ۳
۳ŷɳԱ㣬һ㣬ӳȻ;ÿһոճԱëСèһ
Ա˰ɣӳȻԱЦ˵һûʲôţؼҡ
ɿһۣѰ̵ĵ綯ֽˣ
ǱҼҵĳôܽнءӳȻ
ɲأûʣڵˮ˵Լȥͺ˰øȥ
ȥӳȻɺִŵĶ˵תؼҪһСʱأֻҪ40Ӿ͵ˡ
ôԶ·Լôȥ
Ҵ
ӳȻЦӯӯĶԷ˵һҵˣؼҺǱ߳磬дҵÿﳵؼҡ
Ծҧü㲻鷳
ӳȻȴ˵ô鷳أһҲ鷳
ܸһ鷳һô
ο鷳и鷳û˵ء
ԭǴܾģɼܲסӳȻĥӲݣֻ綯ĺϣ11·ݵǱʻȥ
ر䣬ǰͷӳȻæŷ磬ʵһ㶼䡣
ҸȥӳȻ÷ɰִԼĿڴһ·϶ůġ
ɱӳȻ̲סĥԺŮҲ
ʵ綯ҲûʲôֻҪǸϲһﶼһġ
40ӵ·е㳤ȴûж೤ܿ͵˷ɼҵǰڶװޡ
ĴӺĴչʵжٵ簡
ӳȻָſ25%ҡ
ɡŶһﲻȥˣҶ磬ֻεĶ˵ţȥҰ˵һ
ӳȻѳͣһµĵطʱɾһ߰˹
˶һоӳȻͷһθĵ綯磬ΧС¿ת˺üȦҵ˳ڡ
Ūú󣬺÷˳
¶ᣬеģȴЦݣԿ׵ݸ˵ؼҵɣ߻ûء
ɽӹԿףʵǳԹ𣿡
ˣ͹һԵġ
УҺӳȻȻؼдҵˡ
ȥȥɣϣǿ˾Լźȡ
֪
ԿףɾͶӳȻ˵߰ɣȥдҵ
ӳȻЦЦ÷к͸һ˼ҡ
¼һϼҾߣϴûʲôôһԵЩªˡ
Ҳûа취·ӵǮǸСĿװ޵ֻһˣС
ΧڿĲϣ˵ͦªģɲɹǳã֮ǰͲ¥Ҫúܶࡣ
ӳȻĥԼл׬Ǯˣǵû˴ķӣܰҵĸĸӹһס
ôţӳȻдҵе񣬷ɶһžˣӳȻڿոտ˺üѡ⡣
ɿһۣε˵ȻȥС¿õô
ӳȻƣʲô
ҿ㷴Ҳû˼ѧϰؼϢϢ
İ
ոֻһСˣôͻȻԼأ
ӳȻæ˵绹ûأҸով飬еѡ
ɿһۣһ¾ӣ˵ʲô飿

ŷɵĿӳȻԥ˰ŶԷ˵ÿܶÿɡ
Ծ̧ͷʵʲô
ˡӳȻ˵ҲʵҾÿܶÿģϰͣվ١һĹʮʮܵʱ÷ѧûãʮ֮ǰһܸϻسǵĩ೵
𾪵˵ˣôԶʮĩ೵ȥҲʮһˣ
ʲôֲÿ춼ӳȻЦӯӯĶԷ˵ˣܶļһ棬ټһ棬ݽϣҲرۣأ
ҡҾòáɱŤŤĿǰ㲻ⶼתѧôң
ӳȻգգ۾ϲⲻһ𣿡


56 
ɱⷬ˵ͮͮ, Ҳ֪ӦηֻܿӴ˿Ӵεĺ˵, ƹˤƫͷ
㡣Э˵
ӳȻЦ棬֪ԼܾԼ
ͷһдҵЧʶ˲٣ӳȻһҵʱίίԼС¿˼ҡ
ͷԼܶڹվ̨ûҲûܾ
***
һ죬ӳȻҦʳó˷һ߸Ҧϵ˿ڻҩ
Ҳ֪Ҧִһж, ⶼһ˻ӡӣÿ綼һҩ
Ҧƽʱνӣǰ̺ʣ쵣ԼҪ࣬ÿҩ߶߶ֻջСĸ
ûôô, ʲôɣ
ܳʲô, ҿװͦõġ
ӳȻǩմҩͿ, һͿһ˵, ôҩô㰡ҩô
Ҧ˵ȻˣȥҽԺר˼ҽʦҵ, ˺öණա
ӳȻ˵ôԽԽˡ
ϺҩӳȻСͳ, Ҧ˵뿴СͿĻвУ
ҦһȦŵͷ˵ͦõ, ȥƿ
ӳȻεʰöԹȥԱߵĴڸһϡ
ô˵ҦһӳȻܵģѾһڵ緹ˡ
Ҧ壬֪ӳȻ׷ţûС⡣
ܸƼǼƱˡҦܺϣһѧ¥Ǳȥһ˵֮ǰ˵Ǹֻ͵СҲҰ˵ˣѾȥˣ˵Ż
ôӳȻǲô⣬Ӧһ
Ҧ˿˴ӳȻ˵Ұ컹ͦҵģҲЩӶ˭ģ˵ҪҪ㡮
ӳȻǮ𣿡
Ҧ룺ܸɣȱǮ𣿡
šӳȻ̾ת̫ԶˣҪҪһС¿Լĳˣʲôʱȥʲôʱȥ
ӳȻԵķԣҦҲû죬һ·Ͼ߶߶˵Լͷ췢飬оÿܶÿŹȥļƻ
ҦƵ̾˿һ¥һҡͷ
˸¥׼ؽҵʱ򣬾ͿվһְҵװĳͷŮˡ
˲ӳȻҦת˹
ӳȻ˺죬תͷҦʱ򣬾ͿԭڵڿŮ˵ʱɫһӳ
ôˣҦüͷʵģ
ӳȻǵҦһ֣ҦǸŮ
˿ƯŮ˾վڲԶһ˫۾Ҧƽ˵ǣ֪ܵ㱻㸸״֮ܵ㣬㲻Ը㡣
˵ţŮ˾ͿӳȻ˵ͷӳȻͬѧãҽл壬Ҧ
ӳȻû뵽˻Լк΢΢һ㶺ŵͷ˵Ŷ̸ɣȻؽˡ
ҦȴߣץӳȻĸ첲Ķл壺ʲôҪҲߡ
ӳȻеΣʵͦóġ
лεĿҦһۣŴŵİóһҦ˵ҴС֪ϲɿڹ˴˵ҪϲٸһЩ
ҦûɿȥɿСѧ֮ǰϲԵģҶĶȤ
лգֻܷŻذͳһſ˵ĸҲ֪ϲʲôҪҪĶֱˢſ
ǣô˵ģҦ˵ȥʣĸĲ֪ԼŮϲʲô˼˵ֻ
лüҦʵҲܹ㡣
ĵģҦ뿴лһۣ˵ĹңͲҪôҪ󣬸ϽҰְѻˣҲҪǰ
ӳȻҲҦ⻰˵еˣɵĶ࿴ۡ
лʵûа취ˣֻܶҦ˵Ҧ㲻Ҫô˵裬ʵһܺõˣڡ
ǲǺ˸ʲôϵҦõ˵㼸ѧѣӴɽӳôôأȥһз֮ڻСĿǸ˵𣿡
лɫһӾͰˣæ͵ҦҸ費ֹϵ
Ҧȴ˵ʲôϵҲܣֻ۾ġ
˵꣬ҲǰŮˣӳȻĸ첲˵ǽңǸ˶˵һ䶼ġ
ӳȻûü˵ͱҦƽ˽ҡ
лվȣÿüëţҦʵǲ˵εߵһȥ˸绰Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôֺһٽϿβת뿪
ӳȻƯĴ뿪ɵĶ࿴Ҧۡ
Ҧ˵ŮӴɽ߳ˣȻҦ޸ѴҦˡ
ӳȻôô˽Ը˰
ҦƺôᶨΪӳȻҲö˵ʲô
***
ܶϰӳȻſٹȥ˷ѧУſڣһ³Ϳվ̨ķɣʱ۾ҪЦûˡ
ɱŤĿһۣ˵ʲôû
ǰڵǺüûˡӳȻĽչͱס÷˸
ﰡġɲĵƿǰˣ˵Ҳ±˿
ӳȻЦûûΣʲôߵҶʶ
£˰ɡɺŶ˵ȥվ̨ɣ˳ÿߡ
šӳȻЦӯӯǣŷɵ֣߬û˦
ʮ·ڵıӳȻΣͷڹվ̨һųԡ
վ̨вٴʡصУˣǿӦҲǸϰ׼ȥġ
ҧһһΣ۵߱еӲˣӦǷ˺þðɡ
ӳȻҲҧһڣ˵ǣҲӲģֲһһء
Ȼô˵ɻһ㶼û˷ѵȫ˽ȥ
ӳȻԱ˾Ϳŷ˵ڰôû𣿡
ɳԵڿ˵ãʦˮƽѧУҪò٣пˣѹе󡣡
ӳȻ˾ͺۣչ˵㲻ҪѧôͣĳɼѾܺˣ㿼ѧͿˡ
ȴôΪԽһź˵У߿أһŬء
ŷɳԵ߶ǽϣӳȻóֽһţ˲졣
ӳȻ̻ͦСèһҡβˡ
ӳȻɲͣŶ˵Ҫ˵ǶԼҪ̫ˣ㿴Ķ󰡣ϴѧⶼ󡣡
Ƴһۣ޲÷ۡ
˵Ϊ˭㰡
ɻûȷ˵ͿԱߵĹվ̨һɫ̷۾Ů˷һҲûкԱ鿴
ӳȻ˳ŷɵĿ⿴ȥȻڿһŮʱͲ˵קק·չ˵ʲôҺÿ𣿡
ѽߵһ£ŴչС˵ͬ
ӳȻԾһ㶣ҲչС˵ʡصĸ˴кǲǷ


57 
һʼûӳȻ˼, ζһ²׹ӳȻ͵Ҳ֪
ʵڸ߰Ѿһ, ȺѧǳĬ󲿷ֶǶġ
վ̨ϵȳ˵ɣÿ˲һڿǴŶʲô
Ȼ֪ǶʲôɿԿ϶ǾԲ֡
ʡصĸ糿Ҫܲ٣ȥԷ7ʽʼϰ
ϰʼֱϰѧ, ɶϷ֣˵仰ĶûС
¿ҲȥԷñ顣
ѧϰЧʵȷˣɷɾǾòӦ
һڵѧĿǰֻ֪Լͬʲô, ľһŲ֪
Ǹô䡤̬ӳȻ˶ľսģܲ, ʳҲҪ鿴, ħ˰ɣ
˵ʲô, ֻʼ硣
ƺǹѧϰģžõ罻, ȫĵĳѧϰС
е£⡣
ӳȻҡͷĶԷ˵һԼƵô, ʲôУٻҰ
ƫͷ, ͨ죺Ϲ˵ˡ
ӳȻϲɺߵӣ۳һȥѵȹĸ߲ǶߣӳȻŸ˵Ҧ顣
лҦҲлɣú档
ʮʱĩ೵ˡ
ӳȻʱÿ죬´ټʱҪˡ
ϳͷŷɣ˵ؼҰɣ㣡
ɸ˵ˡͿšڡһǰϣվӳȻЦø⿪ġ
ĵʱӳȻһˣɴϲԵ֦ζİǡ
һ۹ȥһڣȥѵϿΣһϢǰѾʼۼѵˡ
Ǹӣ׼ѵʲôǸһ
߶ʵͿʼѵˣϾտ12·ݻ1·ݣõľԻμӼѵڷߣ˵ѧѧʵ̫ˣһĸտѧͱȥѵˣĻֻ취ˡ
ɳգգ۾ҾұϵҲͦõİһҪμӼѵ𣿡
Ҳһʤſ˵ʵѧ츳ǲģҲǰĴٷڶأʦ춼ˡ
룬ⱨ඼ѾһˣҪٲμӼѵǲǻøǮ
ѵѡСʵöٰ
㣬˵еİɡ
ɣ
ǿǿǿ츳ɣ
˿Σɺһ¥
ǸܶĹһ·Ͼ߶߶˵տĺǮ֮ĻҲͷ
ӳȻһ̧ͷͿ˴һߴߴҲ֪˵ʲôߵԱҲû֡
ѧ㲻ȻҸһʦɣһһĽȼѵ
һһʦܹɣ
Ǻܹ˵2000Ǯһڿء
Ծü
ǧǮһڿΣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʲôǧǮһڿΣӳȻûףվʵ˵ʲô
һӳȻ۾ˣ˵һһĿΣõʦҪǧǮһڡ
ӳȻû𵽵ʲô˼ͱ˵ˣԼ顣
²ҵôӳȻ˵ʲôǧҰ
ɲŲ˵أתͷ˵ȻؼҰɣҺӳȻ·߳Եˡ
˿ǣŵ֣Ŷһˡ
ôˣӳȻߺźʵʲôʣ
ûʲô˵ǿϵ飬˵Ҳ
ðɣڶѾʼֽˡ
ӳȻŷɵƲƲ죬˵ͬѧûоڶԽԽ
𣿡˵ҾǸǰһ
ӳȻˣǣŷɵֻǽ˽ʵʲô
룬˵ϸ˵ĺʸǷһңȥһɡ
ϸڲǻ˵ԣ
ϸϸڵģˣ𣿡
С
ӳȻЦŶԷ˵ǳ֮ǰȥ̲ɣˮô
ȡСӣ˵ˮʲô̲裬ҪȺನ
ӳȻŵҪǳΣֻҡͷ˱󱭵ನһȸ
***
һյѧУӳȻûҾͱҦ˳
ӳȻһ߱һ˵ɶֱ˵𣬸ģɺͳ
Ҧ˰ȵķϾͶ˵̯ˡ
ӳȻ˸顣
ںܹԵİӳȻֵ˵ûǽûӿΣʲô£
ʦҦ˵Ұ֡
ӳȻ
ָʲôϵ
ѲҦĴҪӳȻ鷳ˣ
ܰ
ҲǺôʱİ
οǰҦԼģӳȻʲôϵ
˵ˣӳȻҦһڵ緹СⶼҪûˣ˵ҦҼҴҵģܸ18Сƽϰɣ
Ϲĥʲôأ
ҦӳȻϹŹֵľ֪ں˼룬εĶ˵ϸڲǸ˵ˣҰֶҵЩ뷨ܺ棬˭ָŪҾͰ㹩ˡ
ӳȻ˰βҦȷ˵仰
ȻأӳȻ˵ּҸʲô
ġҦ˵ĩҼҡ
ӳȻ룬Ҳûʲôˣͷͬˡ
Ǽôⲻ
ˡ
ӳȻҦֹļ˵һҸæȥ߶꼶Լ
ҦԱƵĿǸ׵ĸ߶ѧãʲôϲĲǷ𣿡
ҵȻϲǷˡӳȻ˵飬æҦϰ~
ҦҪ
***
ʱɸջصңͿ༶ȫĬĬؿԼĿαͱʼǣûһеġ
ŵĺڰдž߿ĵʱǺɫ̷۾ͬ޸ڡ
ɡߵߣЦЦ˵
ǵԼͬǣɵģɻӦ裬ϾвٸĸĶϴһ𣬸ŮŪһµ֡
͸ص۾˿ҡͷá
еʧ䣬ˣһ˵ϻѶûУʵеµ
ʼӳȻһˣÿ˵˵ЦЦģڿġ
ʡصȷܺãʵ̫ѹˣɵڶЩܲˡ
ǲ˺ڰ壬Űɫķ۱ʴҲûߣϿλһվٿ
ķ۱дÿɱվںǵ󣬳ЦоʦдĶÿ
ԾͣеĶ
ΪԼ˵ˣæǸ˼û˼ǾдÿתѧһҾͷˡ
ǻعͷպĿлл
գգ۾Ц˵ÿ
ǺûתͷдǸֻ֣ܿдĸˡ
ЦӯӯĿĺ룬ԭԼͬǸ֡


58 
Ÿһ߶ķѧ, ӳȻҦſڵ̲һȺ̲衣
ѧУſڵرã̲¸տ, һͿӳȻǰ˵ڷѧõġ
̲λò࣬˾λá
Ⱥ˿˿̲裬ĿǰӳȻСʵѧ㣬ǲʲô鰡
÷ɵѾȥһ£ڿӳȻʱѾȶˣȻǻеһ뵽ԷܾԼ, һ뷨ûˡ
ӳȻ˿˵ʵԼģһʹڷɵ顣
ѧ㲻תѧô˵ѧ㲻ǺϵôʲôҪҵİ
ϴ۱ʲôΣͦ, һʡ
⣿
Ŵ̲辯˵ҪΪҺô̲, һش㲻ǲҪ³İ
ӳȻεЦô³, Ȿȵġ
ҦǸ̲Ĺһ, һ߱Լ̲ܵĿģһ߹ԼĶ䲻¡
Ǻðɡô˵ͷˣӳȻʵҲûʲô, ѧ㲻Ǵ˼ѵôҾ͸鱨һһʦڿΣЧȼѵ, ҪͺܶǮѡ
ӳȻʲôѵ, ʲôһһڿΣ
ҪģҪͶǮ
͸ѹڼѵһһڿεӳȻ˽˵۸ʱͺε˵һһڿλͦ󣬺õʦǮҲ벻ͨҲҪһǧһڿΣСĿء
ӳȻüͷ΢壬ǰֻ֪տǮȴû뵽ܻôǮ
ѵ໹Ҫѵ
ûϼѵҪ͵רŵʦһڿξһǧѧ͵úüˡ
ӳȻɫģƺ顣
뿪ӳȻɫǺܲÿҦȹһ֦¶̲ŵҪͶǮ
ӳȻƳε˵οɲǮˡ
õʦ϶Ҫŵڵģ𲻶˵ôǮҲ벻
ڿȱǮˡ
Ҧ˻ο˵̲裬ܡĺСϣô죿
ӳȻҡͷҲ֪ˡ
Ҧ¿ձӣ˵ʵѾ㹻御ˣϲɣֲ裬ⱨǮҲӦ
ӳȻȻܲʲôܰɣ
ϱӷΪô࣬ȥĸûȥ뿼רҵҲûԼһΪ˰ΪӳȻˣںòͨˣȥøãӳȻĲʲôܡ
һ취ɡӳȻüͷ˵Ҳܲ
ҦαϣĬ˰β˵Ҳɡ
ţӳȻ˾񣬴չʵôң
ҦָָԼ˵̲˵һҾ͸㡣
ӳȻܸɴľ˵ڱ˵һˣʮû⣡
***
ӳȻӹʱ򣬾ͿʡصеſѾˡ
վ̨ûϤˣӳȻе㵣ģ˵10ӾҪ¿ˣⶼʮôû
ӳȻſתתȥڿУ԰һϤӰ˹
Ҳüˣһ쵽ԼУ
ԭɫУͬУɫɫģҲУӡѧУֻ֣ǻһ¡µѧУҲܣϾܴУľѾܹ֤ˡ
ͷһ߳ĻһˣӳȻ΢΢۾˿һɫ̷۾Ů
ôô찡
ӳȻŷɺ˵˵ЦЦ߳Уţֱǰ
ɡ
˽Լ֣һ̧ͷͿվѧУſڵˣ֪ĲӳȻԼӡ
ɽæһ춼ˣҲ֪˶á
˰
ɿ첽ߵӳȻǰ͵ǽϰģԣҪûȶðɣ
õǲãô˵ӳȻеί
ҿûҡӳȻƺһ˵
ɶӶˣĿİҲ֪ôÿ˱æ˵ӳȻҸһ£ͬѧкǣӦüġ
ӳȻ˿Ƕ̷ŮӣƵ𣿡
ǵͷû˵İе㲻ڡ
ѽ֮ǰһڹվ̨ʱһۣΪʲôкǴΡ
ӳȻƺӡˣȷô¡
ʱԼʷɣʡص˴кǲǷš
ԭ˰
Ҳ̧ͷӳȻһۣǰͷŮ˵ͷС˵˾䡮áǴ˸к
ӳȻԾͳЦüۣðͬѧ
ӳȻʵЦҲǣҲ˸̫ÿЦݡ
ɼк˵˵ȥվ̨ɣվ˹ġ
һ·Ĺվ̨
ǿ˿ӳȻϵУУɫķǳɾ־ӳȻϴӳȻУȻϴ˵ɫɿˬˬġ
һ
ǣԭͬѧɣϸ۲ӳȻһ󣬲ѯʵ
Ծ͵ͷ˵ţͬѧ
ӳȻ˷һֲۣ÷׶԰һˡ
ǲӳȻΪʲôͻȻô˵⻰Թĵһۣ˵ﰡֶġ
ôأСʶھء
ڲˡ
ҪǲתѧңȻǣ尢̶ҵ׹Ůû
ҽ
ǿ˾죬ſڸ˵ʲôԼҪˡ
ˡɳǵȥɣ
ǵ˵ͷ˳ŷӳȻûϣʵϳô
ˡӳȻԺ˵Ҹĩ೵ȥˣ߰ɡ
ںǰϣֻεĵ˵ͷȥ
ҵλʱͷˣͷַɱԼӳȻ˵˵ȴһ
΢΢һ£ƺʲô
ȹԶˣӳȻŷɱԹСͬϵܺϴμкġ
ɱӳȻֺůͣЦ˵Ǹʱ򻹲찡˼Ҳ˵Ҳ
ŶӳȻ˵˵ھˣ
ɿ˿üû˵
ĴϻǺģӳȻһ۹վ̨ı꣬Է˵ȥ㶫ڱɣ㿴ֶġ
ȴ˵ȥ˼ôǸǮʲô
ӳȻü
᲻üܺĿǰƺȷûа취һܺõĻ
ӳȻͷСڶˣɵĿʼԹԼǰô㻨ǮѹǮŪȥˣôõʱҲأ
ҪǮҲںеĹվ̨ȡůˡ
ȥվ̨ɡӳȻŷɵֶ˵Ǳܷ߱硣
ҲûʲôӳȻһ㵽˹վƵĺ棬ůһ㡣
ӳȻץŷɵָȻȺ˲ŰֺԼһ𴧽˿ڴ
ůˡӳȻЦ


59 
ΪֶֻӳȻĿڴ, ɲɵľͺ˲١
ӳȻ̧ͷʱúͷĿԡ
䲻ӳȻ, һӾͺˣڵƫһߣֻӳȻĿڴŰγ
ﰡͮͮĲȥ˵ǹϣ˿ô죿
ӳȻǼװܣŵЦ˵⸽ﻹˣ
ô
ůְ˭ˣ
ɲڵȴӳȻʮָץĸˡ
㡢ɿҡ
ɣòůȵġ
ӳȻŷɶӶ͸ˣЦӯӯĴչ, ҪڻһʵɣʲôʱҸְ
Բ̧ͷʲô֣
ŮѵְӳȻ̹̹˵֪ϲģ׹ôһһ棬ѾҲûʲôɣ
ӳȻŮ𣿡
ǳ׺͸, Ͱ͵˵㡢˵˵ʲô, ʲôʱ㽻ˣ
ӳȻ˵û, Ҳİ
ҡ
׵ǻ, 㲻˰ɣ

ӳȻͷŵͷķɣЦʵأ
ã
òУ
ɿӳȻ˵ǲ˵ϲĻĴŮֲǣ˵ϲҸʲôᱻġ
ӳȻüôŮϲ㰡, ʲôϵ
ɻ˵ʲôӳȻͲˡ
ŷһһϵ촽ڷ˵ĻҶ, ȷ˵ŵʵ˵𣿡
㶣˵ͷ
졣

һ, ӳȻʹչס˷ɵ촽
һ£ʶӳȻͳԼһֻ§סѷֱӰԼĻ
ء
ӳȻͷڷҶŷɵ촽ŶԷܵͷʪǴ˷ӿķһѷ˶ˡ
ŵñ۾ǵĸоˡ
ܸܵӳȻϵζٵĺҵǡ
ȻϣɷľԼӳȻԵ޷԰ΣӸտʼʵûйͷһĸоܵͷóˬ
ԭ˽Ǿָо
ɱ۾ĺܿ죬ץӳȻУɵſ촽ɶԷ̽ĸ
һһһЩܵ顭
û̸ķӳȻĶ֣һ˾ͱģҪôѹƣѾܶµĻӦԼˡ
ɰ
ӳȻǺöͷŷɵĶͷ̲סЦϲ𣿡
ɺ٣촽Ҳܵͨ죬˿ԴκĶûӳȻʵʲô
ԭúҹƺûӳȻܸоɵĳˡ
촽ף۽ͨ죬жһˮƯò񻰡
ӳȻþöû⸱ģˣòˣȥѹ·ʹ͵ĵⶼԼĺۼ
ɵһԼһ׵ԼԺ˴ҲӦԼ
Ҫ÷ɴʼնԼһ˵ģһ¡
ʱ΢ƽķɲ֪ӳȻʲôֻǰյƿǰˣֱȥԼǵˮգһ뵽ˣ˶ˡ
ôֱ˵óأ
óѾˣôܾǺأ
ɰռˡ
۳ŷҪñըˣӳȻ˵ŪҸһ
ɺݺݵһۡ
ӳȻЦеΣСǣŷɵֶ˵ҡҸոûסþˡ
⻰˵ֻ̹ûġ
ɲתҪߣӳȻۼֿ˱˻˽ıڻ˵ɷɣ֪ȱ

Ҫǲϲ㣬Ժ֮ǰ㣬Ӧף𣿡

ӳȻ˵飬ϲ㣬һʱӦҲȥǱˣ𣿡
ɰļϣ˶ٲ˵֡
ӳȻԹԵɿ֣ź˵һǾ仰Ѿͦõġ
𣿡

ˡ
һûأΪʲô׵ôǲǰ׹
ӳȻŻˣæͣɲҽֻһ׹֤װ׵ġ
ֺˣҲţ
˵꣬ɾŽŶ˵˵Ҳ
ɡ
Ҫؼˡ
תҪ뿪վ̨ӳȻ׷Ϳĩ೵ˣżıŹվƳɺȥ·Сģҡҹ㣡
⻰ɻͷҲ㣡
ŷתܵķɿ죬ӳȻε̾˿
ˡ
ȻҪɹӳȻӲͷƤˣſڶ׵˿ʮ룬ɲŻλƵĳֻһӳȻֵߡ
ˣ˭
***
ͷ´һ죬ӳȻŰҦĶλһд¥ǰ˽ȥ
ҦֻˣһϷ̧ͷӳȻ˵ɶ˰ô
ӳȻ𾪣ұԼʱ絽15ӺһֱڴϷʱ䣬ôܹң
ҦüӳȻ˵ô˵أ̬ע㣬Ұ¡
ӳȻƲƲ죬ǹؾصĸҦ¥ȥ
˵ݣӳȻʵְĩϢΪɶǰڼ棬˾
Ҧ˵֪
šһŴ򿪣ӳȻͿһܴİ칫ңҦ˵¥ҵĲҵһֻܲð칫Ҷѡ
ӳȻ֪ҦҴҵ󣬿֮ǰδҵĹ˾Ϊ˾ֵӳȻĶǺҵˣĻͷһΡ
ϸ㣬ӦҦ۷ʱ˰ɡ
ȷǮơ
ĩ˾ûжˣֻȼӰˣҦҲû˵֪ǲʶǻǾν
ܲð칫ҵĴǰӳȻҦĸס
һԼ40ˣһɫװ׳ϸƵľƺɫͷ˸ͷ࿴еס
ü۵ǺҦͦģرüë۾һġ
ҦԼĹŮһŮ̧һ˿Ƶ۾˹Ц˵ӳȻǰɣ
áӳȻĶ˵ӳȻҦͬѧ
ɣȵʲôǵ
Ҧߵˮǰ˵й֭Ϳ֣֪Сϲȵʲô
Ҷԣ塣
Ҫȹ֭֡
á
Ҧյ֭˹ڲ輸ϿӳȻһۣЦ˵˵˺ܶ飬СûʲôѣҺܺ棬ڼˡ
ӳȻЦЦҲҵѣҸϵҲǳҪá
ҦŹ֭룬ε˵ǲҪ̸ϵ𣬸Ͻ˵ɣ˵һӳȻȥ
Ҧô˵εЦЦſӳȻ˵ȷЩҪ㡣


60 
ӳȻ֪ҦôְֽԼ, ϾҲ̳ˣȻܺҦĵһȥ
ҦѾ18, շǿӵԼʲġ
ҦھܵĻԼʲתƵ£Ҧ輴ˣҲҦʲʲôΪ
ҦԼĻѾϣˣֻϣܸҦһʲƵʲƽĹһӡ
ҦϾǸӣֵЩƱÿ춼͵ģЩǮҲ࣬Ҧ͵죬ɺܿͷˣ֪ʲôʱ, ԼŮõĲõĹƱʼţˡ
֮ҦָһЩǷǳʵϸ΢⡣
Ҧ֪ԼŮ϶û۲òѯȥ֪ЩӳȻĹͣͺһ
˿̼ӳȻͬѧ, ƺҦеһ
̫ˡ
ȷǰĺ, ôЩӵģ
ǸС, һһЩطûиסҦȻӳȻ, ɻûС˵ãĿ˽ڹ˾, һúһġ
õġӳȻЦҿ϶֪޲ԡ
ҦеһߺŹ֭һߴϷ˳һը̲, ż˲̧ͷ˿Ŀ۵ӳȻֻԴ, ¡
һʱ䣬ӳȻľĻش˸⣬ĳҲѾģ
ȵĵʱ򣬸˲ıԼĵ뿪˰칫ҡ
æˣҦ̧ͷһӳȻ˵ըˣҪҸȣ
ҦԾͿһۣε˵ǳЩʳƷ⺢ôͲأ
ӳȻҲ˵Ҳˣһ͸óԷˡ
ҦƲƲ죬վʵȻæˣǾ¥ȥԷɣҶˡ
ҦԭȥԵõģҦԼְֲ룬ӳȻҪߡ
ǰҦӳȻ˵Ҫһʵϵʦȷʱ䣬һð㡣
ӳȻųͷллҦ塣
뿪˰칫¥˸˸ȦȥҪһر
˵ĲҪҰָǮҦʵʦѧѣҾÿ˰
Ҫ֪ҦСʱ۾ðŹ⡣
Ĳ˵ҦԼ׵ʲôӵģԿ϶ӳȻǸ뷨һֵǮ
ʵûʲôġӳȻһ˵ֶֻҪ˿϶ֻ˵ıȱѡ
οڵ֮ǸʦҦҲ˵ˣʦ֮ѵѶʡºüô
ҦǸˣĸӳȻǮˣҲʮû˼ȥʦȥȽϻ㡣
͵ǰҦһæˡ
Ҧҡҡͷʵʲôʱ˵°
ϻˣҶûɫҴȷٸ˵
ҲУʱ֪ͨ㡣
***
ܿ죬Ҧİְֱˡ
ʦϵˣԷҲԸһһĴѧǻҪһ¡
ԷǲýĽڣԭǲѧģҦİְ˹ϵҵӦġӳȻڹվ̨϶˵иҪһ棬ͨ˲Ը㣬ͨĻǻٻʦ
ɾȵ۾ôû˵
˵ţ¿ջϲһԵȷ˲Ź˵ӳȻŷüͷ˵ÿдپӰǰдһҲû۳ӡ
ɵͷԼ˵˦˦˵ûôˡ
ӳȻǲ̫ģץ˵Ǿѹ̫󣬻ð㿴ƽдԾʲôʱ۹
⺣սҪӲС
ʲôУҳմȥҽԺɣ
á˵Уҽˣʹùȣҩˡ
ӳȻ۵Ĳˡ
˵Ǹڡһ˫۾ʵ᲻ܹ󰡣ûҰ˵ͷҲûǮˡ
ӳȻ뿴ΪǮ鷢˵İɣҰҦİְһЩ飬ʦķúͺĿʱѶҪǳ
ɶ˵ǲִӦ˶Էʲô
û̫ӣҾǸѧܴӦԷʲôأӳȻŹ˵ͱˣҦ֤أͷĺˡ
Ǻðɡε˵ͷҸҦ˵绰֪ûѡ
ӳȻЦüۣԷ˵ǲп԰
šɵ˵ͷ忼ԡ
ǿȥϿΣȥǸڡ
á
ɾ󱻰òˣűŤŤĳ˳ӳȻֹ˵һЩ
ʱĹվ̨ϾûжˣʡصѧﶼģǻúסУڸⷿǾ벻̫ԶĲŻúӴѧ
վ̨ʱѾһˣվ̨Ͼ󲿷ֵˣֻʣһķɺӳȻ
˿ͷ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôӳȻЦĺܿģ۾гһ졣
վ̨ʱӳȻ̧ͷһۣк㰡
ûסǵ֡
Ҳ˲ʱͷ˺ǱЦǣҪһӾ͸պøϸո
΢΢˵ͷ˵ûϵĩ೵
á˵ӳȻҲĩ೵ȥԴ
ŰĿӳȻϣĬû˵
ӳȻɺǡǡʱͲˣɻǾĿԼɫŷɵ˵㶼ûҡ
ɺĶô㣿ȻȻ
ҲСӳȻ˵ȻȻͦõģȫֵġ
в͸ҰһôͷЦԽ֣
аеıֻҪеġ
һҲû죬վһԣǸеġ
ڹܿˣӳȻվԷ˵ҾˣǵҸ˵ģ磬顣
֪ˡɳ˻֣ӳȻͺ˵ǿϳɡ
ӳȻҲû󣬺ͺһǰ˹
ĺͷɸ˱ںŵλãһһ
ĩ೵ûˣ˾ֻ֮ʣӳȻͺˡ
㵽վ°ӳȻûһڶԹˡ
ǱԼƽ˵վˡ
ŶǺܽӳȻôʵгģо㡣
ﳵǵʹü˵Сʱûѧ˾Ͳˡ
ӳȻĴߵλ̷Сѧԣֺǲ磬ϴһ˫˶ЬһУӦü۸񲻱ˣźص۾Ƭ̫ÿԷɫ
ܿǼͥӦòĶǴӵĶӦִСѧϰͺܺãҲѧϰĺӡ
ӳȻգգ۾˵ʵﳵҲûʲôԺǿȸ߿վˡ
ûнĻӳȻӲ
Ҳ֪˶ãһֱܰĺǺȻڵͷɡڽ𣿡


61 
ǵĻӳȻ֮һ㶡
תͷڶϵĶ̷Ů, ͷʵ㿴ˣ
˵ӳȻͷ˹ϵܣǹǴ, ôҲֻܲ³ǹϵȽϺõѣôģ
㿴ɵһǱԼӳȻ͵ϲʱ۾ڷ⡣
ӳȻ΢΢ĥһ£
ƺûʲô壬ӳȻα̹Ȼĵ˵ͷϲûڽ
ǲĿ
ӳȻЦȻܿϲɣȻҲܿһֱھܾҰɣ
գգ۾ͷû˵
ʵܿ, ɿӳȻʱҲǷġ
ͷɳΪͬѾþˣȻ˵ܿѧУòرġ
˵ûһǿҵѧϰѹ»Ὺĵġ
ɵĵķɿӳȻʱֻúѧУʱͬ
˫۾ᷢ, ĿתĶӳȻ˵, żΪԷһ仰Цü, ¶ǳǳС
ͺԭ»һ
ҲֻӳȻ, ɲЦĿģԡһ㡣
ǵʹüۣԼϥϵ, ôΪģ
ӳȻĿСͬѧ⻰ʲô˼
ȻأӳȻ˵÷ô꣬Ҫϲ͸һ˰˵ˮʯ, ŸտʼҾûҪŬС
̧ͷ, ͸ǰ鷢ؿӳȻһۡ
Ϳʱ򣬹˸վ
ҵˡ̨׻ͷӳȻ˵ѧУǽֹѧ̸ģҲ󲻳Ůܲһϲͱ߿˵ɡ
ųŵĴ򿪺͹رգӳȻѾ˳ĺǣе㲻̫ʲô˼
ΪѵĥѲɡʦȥС棿
***
죬ӳȻһѵ¥µŷɳ
11չûã¥ѧ½½ĶˣҲȺһӳȻС¿Цüۣ첽˹
ôô磿ӳȻɱʵ¥ݲô
ƽΪ˶ܵݸ߷壬ǻʮӣû뵽¿ξܳˡ
ܵÿ죬һĵݡɺһƨС¿ĺϣ˵ĸ˵ԼôѸٵ˵ݣҪͲܸϵһˡ
ӳȻεЦЦС¿϶˵´ûҪôʱ䡣
գգ۾ץסŶһ۵Ц⣬̽ͷ̽ԵʵʲôϸڳԵĸǽζãٳҵ㷹
аȥԷ
ţ
һ˵һݸǽϲڵķˣӳȻ͵˸ģܳԵкһ¡
ԱӳȻƿ̺õĶ̣ȺľƿӺ
ӳȻɽͦõģҧСѧУûʲô鷳ɣ
ɲĿһۣ³ʵʲô鷳
ûʲô
ӳȻ˿ϴκ³ʱ˵ǻӳȻӦ˺ü죬֪ǺԼҪͷԼ֪ĻȥʦС档
Ϲĥֲȥֱʷɡ
˵ˣͷɶӵˣ̸ôܽأ
ɿӳȻûͷûβĻƣɻû׷ʣ˼һ²ſ˵һȥ𣿡
ӳȻ˵Ȼˡ
ýѧԺĳ½ڰʱصԼһ¥Ҧĸϵϵʦ
½ڽ50꣬ǸʦĶ֪ýˣԭǲѧɳ½ƺҦ㣬ӦȼһʱŵС
ӣɾҪλ˵ĳ½ڼˣܲϣҪԼˡ
Ҫ˵ǿ϶ƭ˵ģͳ½ݣоǴ´࣬ͷһΡ
һԼִ嶼ûȥ˳һ
㰡šӳȻοŷ˵˵ˣ˵ͷԸ϶ǻſģ˵ˣ½ڿ㣬ұʦ
ﻹǴģֲӳȻΪԼ鵽ֻܵ˵ͷ
ӲˣԼҲܲܳȫ
Լ°ŬŬԼɼѧǲѵġ
˳˷ȥһȦһЩϰ͸飬2ʱ͵˲¥ҵҦ㶨Ǹ䡣
¥ǳ󣬶װ޵Ĺɫ㣬ӰĴ¿ܿԺĺɻͤ
ڹ˺ɻŵļڣֻʣ˼ɽīɫĳֲ
仹ͦ󰡡ӳȻһȦƿſ˿Է˵⻹иСأŪͦá
ڽŵĶ֪ӦôźˣӳȻתתȥľͺ£С˵Ҷһ˿ô죿
ûϵģзִ硣ӳȻоɵֺһֵĺ֪Ľš
䲻䣿ӳȻҪҪȰѿյ򿪣
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ䣬㻹ǱҶĶˡ
ӳȻȴЦЦ߹ȥѿյ˵¶ȣְԱߵϣһ÷Űǰͷ
ɺܽţϵͷӳȻʼùġ
Ȼһǻȥɡüͷ˵Ҿ˼ҽڿ϶ңҡһǱûȤˡ
㻹ûô֪˼ҿأӳȻοŷ˵ָǻء
ŵøæסӳȻ֣µ˵⻰Ǹ½Ȼᰤġ
ӳȻЦü䣬ץŷɵ־͸󣬵֪Ĳýšкܶ·ߵİտϣѧҲãǶûйϵҺһȥ̯տ
գգ۾ֲտ
尢̻ᰡӳȻЦ˵ʱԼϰ壬뿾Ŀģ뿾̵Ŀ̵ģ͸һһһǻԽԽõġ
ԭû棬ԽԽ˵ȻְˣͲɵĵһۡ
ĻĴŮͬôҪһտɺ˺СӣӳȻ˵ҲϲտҰ϶ȻζŪüҲǡ
УԺտؼҿ϶ڵϴһϴȥ
ֿʼ˵˵ˡ
ȻӳȻЩ߰ĻΣɷȴĪĲôˡ
ӳȻ˵ҲûͻȥտҲûָԼһܿ㿼°ѧŬŬȡϸôѧҲǿԵġ
ٵù߿ʧ˸ҰѧҲԸӳȻһȥ̯տô
ǿ洫ء
һ뵽⣬ɱ̲סЦҲûôˡ
ӳȻָ˵仰˲ٺŴ⴫һ춯ȻͿҦһ޽ǻҰɫ˽
ҦáӳȻŷɸҦк
Ҧ㿴һĿ˷ϱЦǷɰɣȷ˵һǸƯС


62 
˿ÿҲûֵܵɽŵ顣
߬ӳȻֳҦ˵ͷҦá
վҦߵǸ´˷һ, תͷҦͦСﰡӦúϾ
ҦЦ½úʾͺ, ɣ˰ѲˮĶ
½ҲûпĸһŰĿ˷ϡ
˵ʵɸͷߣպôﵽ˱׼ߣıܲ޳ŮӶĽֱǼ磬װܺÿ
ⷽ棬½ڿһ۾͸˸߷, ͨˡ
ˮ󣬳½ڵɫûиսô࣬ԼҲǾ÷ɻǸӣ˳ɶһһشˡ
, ׼һݸӡ½ڴֻϷһļ, ݸ˵ȿ, һȥ, 
ɽӹֻһĸŵͷԳ½˵õġ
ӳȻȫǸģŷɱֻĿӺ, ͺͳ½ڽԱߵķ䡣
Ҧ㿴Ŀһֱ׷ŷɣһһ˵㲻õģ½Ϊֱ, ҲܺãܿԷɺ, ͨļʺܴ󡣡
ӳȻ˵ͷ֪㣬Ҳһš
ŹϣܹɵӺ½ƺһЩʲô⣬̫ǷɻشĻ
ȶʮӺ󣬳½ڲŴźͷһ
Ҫ˵սĳ½ɫ࣬ڱеüЦˣ߹ϸɵ˱裬Ц˵ӿڿ˰ɣȵˮ
Ҧ㿴˳½һۣ½ƺﰡ
ͦġ½Ҧ˵ɫõѧв٣ǴӦľͱȽټˣո⺢ҶԴȻЩطѷɫͬ˵ѾǺܲˡ
ҦҲЦ
ӳȻ˿ɣһۺĵǣ֣ÿͶ˵
΢΢ܿҲܿġ
ٳ½ڿӺԼ˵ⳡԾͨˣ
ոո˵㻹ûϸ㸸ĸ˵¡½룬ŶԷ˵벻ͥģҪúø˹ͨòĸ֧֣ѧϰ;ҵͻѡ
Աĵ˵ͷ֪ĳʦһҸĸ˵
Ǿͺãһ⡣½ڶ˵ĻεĳɼҪ̫뿼õĴýѧԺҲǺѵģѧУרҵ˵¼ȡҲ470ң֪û⣿
ûġ˵Ļεĳɼһֱȶ߿ӦҲû⡣
ôƽܿٷְ
680ҡ˵
½ΪԼˣüͷʣ٣
ɶ˶٣ŶԳ½˵¿ģɼһ683ڶ691пԣɼӦһķԼҲ680ϡ
ȻѧУķŲٵˮ֣Ҳʵˡ
½ڶˣҪ֪680ֻȫĴѧѡˣǰ⺢ӾȻտ
ȷˣԼ
ĸѧУģ
еʡصС

½ڳĬӺվԷ˵һ£ҳȥ绰
۳ų½ֻ˸绰ͳȥˣҦЦ˿˵ֻ˵ѧϰɼܺãû뵽Ȼôã
ЦЦС
ҪҼҰҲͺˡҦп
ҦɼҲܺõģϴ¿ѧУܿǰġ
Ҳû㿼úð
ҦΪһϸףΪԼŮĳɼģÿⱨǮȥˣ˵ɻûϹϰ࣬ǰҪտ̯ɻʱ;Щ˾ѧϰá
½ڴ˸绰̬ȾȫˣһҪշѧԼŴѧҵһҪԼо
ɺܸˣ½ҲܸˣǰĳĶԷ˵Ȼ츳ܺãɻҪϰ
½ڶ˵֪ʡصѧϰѹܴ󣬵ƲɼãʱȣĩҪһʱȫڳϿΡ
пΣ½ҲÿԼϣʣµĿγ̰磬ĩȫ졣
صڴýѧԺĴѧУ԰ҲԶҲйֱ
ϵʽ󣬳½ڻԷǧһпԵĳɼһҪ㿼˶ٷ֣֪𣿡
ЦӦ
ҦҪͳ½ڻȥ뿪¥ǰӳȻ˵ЩԽԽˣҲ֪ӳȻͬѧδʲôأ
ӳȻͷ˿
ҦЦлᣬܶﰢҴδĸôĹ
ҲΪĻҦʼնԼʧܻµĲǸĸ׸˶ڼǷǳĮôδ˵ʲôѡ
ǰΪྭߵˡ
Ƕͬ͵ĺӣ϶ҲҦĶӳȻ˵ǸܺõĺӣϣδҲѡ
ӳȻҦ˼ͷҦģչ˺ðġ
ҦЦЦͳ½һ뿪ˡ
˶ߺ󣬷ɲƵ˵Ҧո⻰ʲô˼
ӳȻһۣ˵ûʲôǺҦһӵѣѵʱˡ
ţɲ⣺Ҧʲô𣿡
ӦûСӳȻ˵ҪʲôӦû˵ģҪǲ˵Ļǻûʱ򡣡
ƶǶĵ˵ͷ
ӳȻ˵ˣ
ţ
ĩҪʼϳ½ڵĿˣʡصѧϰѹôȷܼ˵ĺã
΢΢˼һ£ҡͷ
϶Ǽ˲ġε˵Ǳߵѧϰ͸ƴһʦõҵֲ࣬ԼϢŬŬܿͻᱻ˦һصġ
㡭
ûϵ
۾ĶӳȻ˵ϲҲԼѡ񣬿ھտֻвµʱˣǵŬŬˡ
ӳȻô˵չǣɵЦãҾÿս㡣
㲻ѧϰ𣿡ɺС¿ķȥɵ˵ܶҪѧУңջҪȥѧϰ̫𣿡
۰ҿÿ춼о񡣡
ȴƺһȻһ鲻ԸӣﻹǺܸ˵ġ
ǾӳȻС
ܶľͱˣڼϢǼһ棬ĩԼȥϿΡ
һڲżһĹǰɶٴεġ
УԽҲˣ㲻³һء
ߵ¥ԱߵĻ̳ͣ£ͷӳȻ˵ǾÿԼż棬Զٷߡ
ɡ
ûʲôǵġ
վԭؿķǰѷɵ޽ǴĪ鶯Ư
Ϊô࣬ԽԽá˵Ҳһģ㲻ҪܣҲΪá
˵ǽ18꣬δкܶʱǣȻҾúһ̯տҲܿģһǵδӦǹģ÷紵ɹһζõļΪõԼ
ӳȻؿɡ
˵治Ҳͦõÿܶ˯ˣ㶼ûѾʼкȦ𣿡
ӳȻû˵ֻǿŷеί
ˣֱ鿴ҡЦӯӯ˵Ǿôˡ


63 
ҦӳȻǰ, °͡
šӳȻ˵ͷ
Ҧ̾˿Դô죿
ô죿
ӳȻǰݲԾ, ֻܱͷʹĺüҳǩְɣ
ѧУһ֯пԣɼܿͳˣӳȻ»һٶһƲ
ҦźΪѧϰɵĳ̾˿Ҳ̫ȥɼߺ͵Ҳ
𣿡ӳȻ̧ͷҲ
ʵҲУ˭ûвʱأ
վ˵ۣ㿼˶٣
ȫУǰʮɡ
ӳȻҧгݵ˵ֻҳɼ»أ
Ҧˣ˵, ÿܶҪȥɣҲһ죬ѧϰͽţ㻹̸ֻɼ»Ҳ
ӳȻ, Ͼ춼ˡ
˵ϱӵĳɼҲر, Ȳϴķɰ, ٶ߻ܴﵽġ
, ȫĵһһѧƲ
ʲô
Ҫôȥ˵׼רƶ, ֻȥXѧס
˵ײãֻǾӦڵס
Լһ¡
ʱӽ, úڰʾһصԼλϡ
пԵĳɼˡܣĿӳȻ, ˵ҵ㵽ͬѧ칫һˡ
ʱ༶˶
ӳȻƽ˵ʹ㿪ʼɡ
ӳȻ
ò֪䣡
***
֣衣
ӳȻԾؼңСһվɳǰǶ˵˭ȥѧУһˡ
褿ӳȻԾ;ǰһڡ
ôɼԽѧԽȥأ褲ĿӳȻ㲻ÿ춼ѧ12Żؼҵ𣿡
ӳȻҿ
֮ǰȥɣÿλҪ11ˣӳȻͱ˸Ҧȥϰɣæڻʱһֱ
ɲѧϰǲѧϰɼһһڶɵˡ
ҲˣǹĹʦǸûĻ˵ѾǸ߼֪ʶˡ֪ԼŮѧϰرãɵ׻˲ĸУӦò
⿪ʼˡ
ȻȻü˵ʱ䶼ʲôˣǲ̸ȥˣ
ӳȻʿˮ˵ôܣҾǡ̰档
褿һۣǰҲ̰棬ɼҲûô˵ǲǸ˭̸ˣĸ
治ǣ衣ӳȻ˵ҶûȤ
һ㶡
ӳȻ˶٣ŽԼ˵û̸ɼ»˾һ̸ôǶҲ̫ħ˰ɣ
˵˵ɼô£

ӳȻ֧֧˵ѵһϣȥѧУʦ̸һ̸
˯ǰӳȻ͵͵ֻɴ˸绰
绰ͷཡæﻹеţϾ褻ǲֻ̫
ܿ죬绰ͷķɾͽͨˡ
ιɸոϴ裬һ߲ͷһ߿ʵôˣ°
û¡ӳȻڱ˵绰
˵꣬褾ʹյſʵ˭˵أȻȻ
ػӳȻһж͸æ˹
û˵衣ӳȻϽֻԼĸŶ룬ߵǰ΢΢۾
ӳȻһĿİ˵裬Ҿ͸ɴ绰˶ٷ֡
˵ţֻ˳ȥ˿ͨ档
褲ţĥָǸ˸ע÷ɵأýӹúС
ùֻ褷ڶߵСɣ
̡ӦӳȻгɼˣ
һǷɣſĵԣ˸һҺˣΪء
գգ۾

ӳȻ׵Ǵβ㱻Ƿ֣ɵͺ
Ǳ߲Է˵СɣǱߵ̵װŪû費Ҫæ
װ޺ˣðæġɵ˵Ҳ̫ͷҰʡ
úúãҪҪæֱ˵ʮھˣ𲻺˼ڡ˵ŶԷ˵УҲȻȻˣ˵̫ãϢ
ţõİ̡
褰ֻӳȻ󻹵һۣ˼ǡͱְ費
ϿҵĽӹֻֿ߳ȥţӳȻ˿ֻѵɣ㻹𣿡
šɰͷĲˣŶӳȻ˵пԿ˵һ
šӳȻ˵һƲ񡣡
ɳĬˡ
룬߬ë˵ǲΪʱ侭ҵԵʣ
ӳȻ˵ûУ˼룬Լȥġ
ɷǸµĹô֪ܲӳȻԼᵢ٣Ҹ̸ǴɣʡصŮͬѧһԷ÷ֿ
㻹ǺúѧϰɣƽʱͱˡɵӳȻ˵ɼҪٲȥרƶˡ
ӳȻ˵֪ԼŬˣҷҲ
ɡӳȻ˵ϴ飬ҴӦˡƽȥ㣬úѧϰһһģֻǳһ緹Ҳá
ûп
𣿡ӳȻһ顣
ãɲڵ绰ͷ̾˿Լָ˵ǾһԶٷͻȥ½ڵĿԼϡ
ʱҲֻˡ
ӳȻþοԣƻᱻ褿úϣҲ۷ɡ
ǺãǾ˵ˡ
š
ӳȻЦüۣ˸ʵȥ㣬绰ǿԵİɣ
ɲڵ˵绰Ҳͦʱġ
Ҿÿ11ǰ绰11һ˯
ܴ̫ãʹ5ӵİɡ
ӳȻͬ⣺ʲô20Ӻòã
ɾܾ20ҶһˣС
ʮӣ
ӡ
ʮӣ

ʮӺòð
ӳȻĥӲݵɶģʮӡʮӣӦҲ˶顣
Ǻðɡ˵ÿϴʮӵĵ绰11ǰ˯
ϤĹ涨ӳȻʱůͺ͵ģǰôû11ǰ˯ôõأ
Ǿʹӽ쿪ʼɡӳȻһʱ䣬˵ʮӾȥ˯
ɺΣëѣڴͷʵǾ˵˵ĳɼΪʲô»ôذɡ
ӳȻ
㻹׵š
***
ʡص߰пԳɼҲˡ
תѧģǳɼҲȫУʮڰ༶ǰʮλ
ǿԼеԾĳɼҲͦãȫУǰʮȫڶ
һһ˿˵ĺ˵˵ЦЦǳԼĳɼ
ɱſαλϣ˿ǵԾпǣ˵οȫУǰʮ
¥¾ſأ˭˶ٷһĿȻ
ӳȻǸѧУϼˣÿοԶܴﵽȫУǰʮȫǰɵȻʮһ뵽ԺÿĩҪȥϳ½ڵĿΣɼԽԽͲɵö̾
˷ɵĻ̧ͷӺص۾濴ЦЦлл


64 
ʵʱ, ǾԼЦ˺ܶࡣ
ǰÿѧѧؼҳԷþͷ·ʬһ, һ۾ŽҪ׾ӣĩǲӦóȥߣȴûԼˣ͸ɴԼķϰ⡣
ѧУͰ༶Ҳŵеŵ
ĸܸߣʦҲȫЩѧϰɼõͬѧ
ö֮Ǿûˡ
ԴӷתѧԱ, ǾԼƺı˺ܶࡣ
ÿ۳ԼҪ׾֮⣬ҪԼһЩɣҲԼһ⡣
ѧУԷʱ򣬺Ƕһȥʳ, һ߳һ߿, ͲԵر¶
ɺͷϤ, ÿ춼ͷһȥʳ, ʲôˣ˴һķʱԽųԡ
ڷɿѧϰ, ҲȸĸʦҪࡣ
Щǰδе顣
û⵽ǵĿ⣬ֻǰ½ڿҪ׼Ķ˳, תͷĵĶԺ˵½ڿҪӰɣ⣿
ǵ˵ͷ, Ʊϵ۾˵Ӧǵġ
Ҵһ⣬ʵǲ⡣
ţʵҲѵġ
Ŵӳһϰᣬݸ˵ⱾнⷨⱾȥ
۾ˣЦӯӯ˵̫ллˣԼȰɣҸճķ
ˡ
ҿˡ
Ǻðɣлл
ɿźС˵ģЦüۣǣĺ׺߰һô㶼Ҷæˣв㻹ҽأԸȻ˵лл
ǿŷЦʱǳǳСУɵľ;Լȿ˺ܶࡣ
ԸģǶ΢΢죬Ҳȫƽʱʲô
Էʱ򣬷ɲ˼ȣһƿ̡
ⶹȵġɰܴȥںǵǰ˵ϻҺӳȻȥԷͺȵرúȣһ㶹ζûУţ̡
ǲƿϣֻȵġ
ӳȻȥ𣿡ǵʵ
ǰ룬ǾտߺǣܾԼѧУ̸տԵø롣
Է˵ѵʱһԵķ
ǵ˵ͷ
ŲƿһڣⶹζģȵһھúǾþޡ
úȰɣɿȵ۾ˣЦӯӯ˵Ҿ֪϶ϲ
˷ΪʳѧУȦ˳졣
˵ӳȻĿԳɼ½˺öࡣӭŷ磬ߵĺǵо̫Ƶˣҵ취ŵѧϰƻ֪ô
ѧϰƻǿ˿ɣںɫܵ˵Ҫʲôѧϰƻ
ɱ΢΢˼һ£˵Ҳ֪ʵӳȻͦģѧʲôܿ죬̫̰ˡŪرѧϰƻֻҪܰѳɼȶסѧͿˡ
Ǻܼ򵥵ġǶ˵һǿԸŪһ񣬰źѧϰʱ䣬Ҫ̫ĻʵҲа취ġ
ģԾͺܿģԺ˵Ҿ֪ѧԿ϶ó׼û
ҲЦЦԭݿҲ˲١
Է˵һݵʱɡ
ãѧԹض󣡡
š
ϣɾͰѧϰƻӳȻ
Ǹѧϰƻûþʹ˵绰룬ǽͨˡ
ι
ʲôӳȻרŸģ
ǰԼĴ˵Ҹ˻һݵʱŪõģ㿴ϲʣʵĻٸ
ӳȻŴͼƬϸ˵ʡͦʵģܾԼ겻ɰ
㲻ȥô֪Լ겻ءĶ˵ĳɼٲˣҲΪ尢̿ǿǣҪǿϴѧܺ𣿡
ǡ
ˡԴǵĶ˵̫ˣ쿪ʼűɣҪϰҶˣ尢˰Ȼÿ춼շҡ
ŷɵİţӳȻֻε̾˿
ааɡ
ΪԺ˵δŬŬˡ
ӳȻӦźò٣ֻӳȻ˵ˣϻذֻ̲Ҽװ޵Ұˣ˵Ѿװ޵Ĳˣ尢Է
ðӳȻ붼ûͬˣЦ˵ʱǼһ棬ټһ棬á
ʲôãɲڵ˵ѧϰƻҪ´γɼٵףҿɾͲˡ
٣ҿ϶ģĺˡ
***
죬˸һȥ˷ɼҵӡ
һµװޣӻװˣӳȻտĵһˡ
ˣͿЩҪǳԻ̸һƣ˵û뵽ôȥˣһԼˡ
ǣǣ̵ĺáҲЦŶ˵ӿɹ󰡣ܰڶʮɣ
Ϊװ޺ûãΰʻûеԵԵеտյĿǰֻһӡ
ࡣ÷Ц⣬˵κ͹̨˹ŵʱֿʼæ͸æһҶԶٷ¹ˡ
Ǽ㡣
˸ĴĴʦģ΢ء
۳ĸǱྣӳȻһ˷ǰЦӯӯĶ˵òóԡ
ɰһۣҼҵĵ꣬ΪûԹ
տʼζʱ򣬷ɼ춼ŵһɻζϷѧñ÷ȥһյζ
˵ʵɲ̫ζ񶼲ࡣ
ӳȻǳԵĿģȺĻúˣ¶Ⱥġ
Сɡ
ʱ򣬺÷ԼŮ˵ȥƿơƺϹֺҪȡ
ӦһȥӳȻҲ¿˵Ҳȥ
÷褶һۣεЦӣϵôá
ȵ˳ӳȻ˳ְѳŹˡ
ءһ÷ɻعͷﻹƿơƣӳȻ˾ʵôҲ˰
òô࣬㡣ӳȻչʵҪʲô
һƿ֭һƿҬ¡˵費̼ϣܾòá
ӳȻ˵ͷԱߵĻƿϡ
õˣɷɿӳȻһ㶼ûҪߵ˼Ͳôˣ
˿̣ӳȻͷ˿ɣһ㣬Ѿһûˡ
һ˷ӳȻͰѷ͵˳½ǱߣڷɵĿС¿ؼңȥӳȻƵǷѧϰƻ
˵ʵڵģǷѧϰƻЧͦӳȻܵòԿûôˡ
Ǻþöûһ˵˵˰ɣӳȻԷ˵
𣿡ͷǲÿ϶ʮӵĵ绰𣿡
Ĺ
ӳȻ룬еϣְѷеơҲһߣȻúı˵ɣܽ𣿡


65 
ӳȻĻ÷ԭ, ȻһǺ
˵ʲôأɽͰ͵ĺ˵ö˶˵ĸͻȻһ
ӳȻȴ˵Ҽϲһôˣ
, ŷɵ󿿽˵˵˵õģʱ㣬ˣ𣿡
ԴҪðˣҲ֪ӦôܾԥеʱӳȻͷס˷ɵ촽
ȵ촽Ϥζӿ˽ӳȻŷɵ

ɱ۾Թͷ, ֻԴհһƬ
˸ûӵʱ򣬺÷˵ôøơô
ŵһ־ͰӳȻƿˣŰˡ
÷һ͸оƺ̫ԣĿ˿ˣգգ۾͵ô, ˣ
ûûСԼոں÷ǰͰӳȻƿ, Ӧû, ɫһһ׵ץơƾȥ
ӳȻҲ, ΪĸԲǣû뵽ͱˡ
̣ҪɶӳȻҲͮͮʵ, ԱߵƿϾ
÷ûлףҸһ㡣
˵ţ÷ӳȻ˵ôô찡, ǲǲ
ûûСӳȻ˵ģȳȥˡ
Ŷ, ȥɡ
ӳȻˣ÷ƣ⺢ƽʱͦܳô
λϣӳȻŷɵıӰ￪ʼġ
ַɸȥͷԲˣ֪ˡ
ӳȻĵ̾˿
εȷȫ
Ƥô϶ԼֱŤӳȻСɵ֣Աߵ˺ݺݵһۡ
˼ǡҡ
ӳȻίˣֻӲ֨
һٷԵǸ˼ĸڵĻԵڣӳȻ͸Сϱһɶ˲ˮƬ褽춼ĵĿ¡
ӳȻֻ࣬ͷһξ褵Ŀôġ
ԭӳȻͷǶϰģھôòͶ˼٣һپͳԵʮ롣
ͷ˲٣ͮͮ߶߶˵Ż褺ͺ÷˹ϵҲܺãлҳ
۳ʱҲˣ褱˵ôˣǸûؼˡ
ʲôҰ÷ԼϽ˵㿴ȳȥѾ͵Ҽˣڿͷ˯һС
һô˯𣿡
ôˡ
÷˵ʹסͷȻȻС˯һݣⲻסô
ӳȻԾ̧ͷ۾˵Һͷ˯һ𣿡
ҲĿ˹
ôˣ÷˵Сʱ˯һô׶԰ݵʱҲ˯һô˻أ
ҲЦ˵ӴˣẦˣǻǴ򳵻ȥɡ
ȥɶ·ϻðСʱҵڼסÿǼҵ·ӣţԺö߶
⡭
Ļ˰֣Ҫ˵ס°ɣֲס
Ҳŵ˵ͷססɣֲˣʮھ˿ʲô
褾ҲûҪôͷͬˡ
ӳȻİסʱ۾ڷŹ⣬תͷŷɵ
Ťͷһְۣͷת˹ȥ
ȻֱŤû˵ܾĻӳȻԼӦûϷ
һ˳˷ԱߵСȥҵûȫγɣӳȻ֪ͻᷱСﶼǸʽŵ꣬ԶĽȫҹС
һжԽԽõķչ
÷ʰ˿ͷͷѾݣҲȵĲ٣ɱĻ˻Ǿõģڶ·Ʈú÷ţԼϴˢȥϡ
һжŵĲˣ÷ŶԷɺӳȻ˵Ҳ̫Сɱ컹пΡ
ɵ˵ͷۿź÷˷Ű
ӳȻĿԼһۣ߹˵仰ĵȥˢϴѽҲϴˣȻҵĴ
Ȼ⻰ӲӳȻ˼ĵӦһȥԡˢϴ
ȶŪúʱҲ쵽11ˡ
ʱӳȻͿʼˣɽ˷ܣҪǴĲ̫ϴ裬ԼϴϷɵĴ
ϴӳȻͻ˷ɵݣѾ˱Ѿʹ˹ȥޱһǰ˽ȥ
̺ˣӳȻʡ
šɵ˵ԽԽˣͰѵ̺ˡ
ҲСӳȻ˵һΪܸůů
ɰһۣû˵
ӳȻ˴ɲ˵ѵ̺ˡ
á
Ҳˡ
š
Ӷ˺ڰ֮к󣬷ɱоȻһһȵ
Բ𡭡
ӳȻ§ŷɵߵǸҵ⣬ûѳϣȻҲ
ɶ˶٣˵ֲȫ㡣
Ǵ󲿷ҲҵġӳȻϴ̬ȷǳãŷɵ֣סĽŸȡůһȻһ˵´֮ǰһҪŴϡ
΢΢²˵ɿңҪ˯ˡ
ֽů˯ӳȻȻ˯ò̤ʵ
⻰ġ
ֽҪǲȺĻһ˯Ŷ̫
ӳȻʢһͰѷɵֺͽŶŪȺˣ÷ɶڱ
ˡɴʱҲеˣ۾תӳȻ˵ˣҪ˯ˡ
ôˣӳȻڿɻ˷أĶ
ոϴʱİѷŷټҹˣһЩӦòᱻ˷ְɣ
Сɡ
ӳȻŰĹ⣬ŲԼߵˣոڵǸҴҽǣġ
ţ
ñӺ˺ߣźһҪ˯һ
ӳȻ಻סԼ飬չ׷ɵǡ
ɻ۾Žߵˡ
û˵Ǳȥ
ɱ۾ӳȻڴţӳȻʮָۣڰķֻ˴˵ĺͽʱˮ
ƺҪ壬ɵͱݱӳȻ¡
ӳȻɿɵ֣§ŻĿյ˸ѷѹ¡
תĸо˶κģҲ֪ʱסӳȻļ׵ѷ֡
ɺ۽˵ӳȻҲ
ҪšӳȻͷŷɵĲ㡣


66 
ڶ峿, ӳȻӵĴӴ
Ż˯ķɣֶԷ۽ǻ, 촽Ҳžͺǿ޹һ
ʵϣȷˡ
ӳȻϤÿһеĵطҧŷɵĶ䣬ֻܽץӳȻ·ʵĿޡ
δµСﷴӦǺܾңֲҿ޵ֻ̫ӳȻһ㡯
ɼʹӳȻɻǻĵ˸ߡ, ֹסĴ۽ӲһûӳȻӦɱ㺬˯ˡ
ȻԼԤĲ̫һӳȻǳ˲ٵͷ, һξʱ, һӦʱ䡣
ϴʱ, ӳȻϵָС
ɵƨ, ץķͷƵá
ұƽɴʵʵû뵽ػСϸ
ӳȻһˢһĥ, ҲĻСŮһö˰ɣ
ԽԽģӳȻ˸衣
ʲôأҲˣԼҹŮֵƨƨߵģ͵ͷ˯һôİ
, ģ
ȻĸŮ˵Ĳͬһ˼ǽһ, ӳȻĵĶҪˢҧëˡ
ӳȻϴ꣬÷Ƕˣʼһ׼¥㣬ӳȻڼҴš
ص˷䣬ӳȻһžͿˣڱﲻ֪ʲôͻعͷһ۾ͿӳȻ
ɷ
ɻ񣺡
ɴһȥ
˵ţӳȻͷ˹ȻһƱӾ˽ȥ
ӳȻʲô
ļٵĻԼӳȻǣȻ˲ͬѰķӦȻ󡭡
ֻ廹ģݵĵطġ
һ뵽ԼӳȻĻ޳Ǹӣɾ;Լûˣ
ŰһŵķɣӳȻúЦˣЦӯӯĴչƿһǣűϥǵķɱôˣö˶˵ľҳȥ
ɾԼڶ޲ڸȥ
˺ˡӳȻ֪Ƥѱƿŷɣ˵ϵߣ׽ģҲ᲻㣬һ㸺ġ
ӳȻԷ˵ϲ㣬ŮвУ
УӳȻûӦ㣬֮Σ
֮Σôõô
Ҳܣ
ȻӳȻиоǲӳȻ
ʱѾúˣһݣȴɲӳȻϲ
졢ϵ˵ȥתͷӳȻ˵˵ȥҲϵġ
ӳȻüչ˵겻˰
һ㶡
ӳȻԹԵίˣôôͲأҲǻƻŮҲǵһ£㲻˵Ͳɣ
ɶˣӳȻǿʶ
һͳһܣҪǷɳӳȻڴί
ССͰ͵ģ֪ĿŻΪӳȻϲǱᱡǸ
ɳŵʱӳȻ׷ȷһ˻ȥ
褿ԼŮĻЦզ˰⸱ģϲͦĵô
ӳȻ̾˿Աߵû˵
ҡҡͷǵҳҲȥʣֻܺͺ÷ţѺһڲ뿪
ģÿͷɹ͵ĻûˣӳȻֻٵܡ
***
Ҧߵˣɵüͷ
ӳȻҦõĶ˵㶢ԾЦʮˣ㵽Цʲôñ̬
ӾӰЦģС˵ЦģûԾЦġ
ҦػӳȻԼ֮ǰԴ϶żˡ
ӳȻЦû۾ֳԴҦ˵㲻ֲǿԾЦģ뵽˱Цġ
£ҦԱߵĹ֭һڣôɴӦŮˣ
һᵽոջС̫ӳȻ˲йü˵ûС
ҦġСһ
ⶼˣתѧһ˰ɣ˶û׷֣㻹֣ʲôְϽҵдɣһҵļͥʦҪϿˡҦ˵ͥʦܹģҪöһǮ
ΪɲԸӳȻڶͱԼԾѧϰƻҦˡ
ҦסǱеĴСʱ໨һ㹦򣬻ҦԹӭӳȻŽġ
ȽӳȻͿҦҵĶСһѧУ򳡲Ĳƺƺһ˾һŪ˸ӾأڶˣӾر÷ˮסˣʱͿӾԱ߿ɶˡ
ҦķҲǳ󣬶룬жԡñ䡣
ӳȻ벻ףһѧҪʲôñ䰡ɵ򿪿ɫɫУʱпҡҡͷ
Ҧ˵ǰϵĹѧУһУеûþҪµˣ¹ﶼĹŴСĸУ
ӢʽСȹװʽУ˶׳ƤЬԼָμӲͬϴĲͬУ
ӳȻһɫУȫͬ
Ǯˡ
ķ̶һ̸кõˮҦҲдˣкӳȻһ
ҹա
ҦѶӳȻ˵ͷҪҪ氡
գӳȻ̧ͷ㲻Ѿ18𣿡
֤ȷ18꣬ϼǱߵϰǹģǶʱҰæų͸ƳˡҦ˵ҵջᣬŷһ𡣡
ӳȻ˵ȫɶпΣֻϲʱ䣬ջϰڼҰ컹ǳȥ죿
ҰִڼҰ졣Ҧε˵˺öϵˣҪҵŪҵƻᣬͷҪ˵˵
ӳȻҦ⸱ģ˵ҽϸɴ绰ʱӦûɣ
ûⰡҦЦӯӯ˵Ҫʱ̫ҼסҼôշأס¡
Ҧô˵ӳȻͷڴϵǴΣЦøˣҲû⡣
1050ֵʱӳȻȥ˸绰
ƺûĵ绰ӳȻҲӵʱ򣬷ȴͨˡ
ɣӳȻüЦĵ㲻
ûܲ˵ԼոҶϵģһСĵ˰ɣ
Եִġ
ʲôûĶԵ绰ͷӳȻ˵˭˵ҲģڻأҪûʲôҾ͹ˡ
ҵ绰ӳȻ̾ͷԵֻԷ˵ҽȥҦˣ˵ȥμᣬҸһ
᣿
գգ۾ҦĹϵʵĻǶʱһ˼ҹȥҲҪȥһ˵ġ
ǲ֪ǲġ
ûƭҰɣɲȷŵ˵ǲƭҳȥԲҦյӣ
ȻûСӳȻæͣҦ˵ҲŸ˵ģҪʵڲſԸ绰ǲѡ
ɵͷС
ȻһͰѵ绰ˣӳȻ˿ֻӦӲŲǸҦ绰ȥˡ
Ƶ̾˿ĥԼôôôԼ
ԼӣӳȻȵеżҪҪȴ绰һʣŲˣֻĵڱȵ绰ŷһҪǵ
ûãɾʹ˵绰ӳȻ˵Ĵֽ
ι~
ʹҦˣȷաĶӳȻ˵½ڵĿνԼȥ㲻Ҫҡ
ǣҽ˳·ιţ
ӳȻٴιҶϵֻͷ۵İ̫Ѩ
ԭΪͷܵϵͲ٣ڿôԽԽԶأ
һ⣿


67 
߰, ʦڿϽһڰص㣬ͬѧҲļűʼ, ȫ۾һˡ
ɲ֪ʲôͷԼǰԾʦź֪ķӦ
شһ⵽ΪʲôѡBɡʦŽ
ɴվ֪ʦĵ⣬ǺǿһָָۣԼǰľӣŷӦѸٵ˼һº, ͽ˳
ʦ˵ͷԷ˵°ɡ
ĵ˿ֻҼˡ
ûþ˿ΣʦߺǱ㿴˷һۣʵոϿô, ͷһο񡣡
ɲڵġšһ, ʵոԼӳȻڴϷ顣
ǻͻȻ뵽, Ͼǵһ, Ǹ
Ҹոأûע⵽ʦҡɿ˺һۣЦллոհҡ
ҲЦЦ, ˵ʵʦʲô֪ȻҲشˡ
ʧĵ˵ͷ
㵽ʲôأǺܰ𣿡
ǻﲻˡ
ҲǸӵ, ֲúΪѣһ޹ʹһʱˡ
һҪա˵Ҳ֪Ӧʲô, ʲôõ𣿡
գ룬ʹü˵ǸӳȻ𣿡
ţ㶣ҡͷǣ֮ǰѧУһͬѧӳȻҲʶջӳȻ˵ġ
ǵѻͦࡣ
ֻзһѡ
ԱЦҲ࣬úõľô˴ѧҲ֪᲻ϵ
ǳĬã̧ͷ͸۾˹ʵҲ𣿡
ţ˼һ£˵ܿͬһѧĻӦþͲϵ
ͬһѧ
ѧϰûãһܺ㿼һ𣬲ҲѣԺҲԼ档
û˵ֻǳĬԼ顣
̧ͷɣ˵˵öԡ
ûʲô⣿ɳԴ˵ǸѼһͦǮģҲصĶҪȻľߣ
ɡ˵߻ƸҲͦõġ
źģɸЦҲ
***
1050ָչӳȻĵ绰׼ʱ˹ػǶӵġ
ͨ˵绰ɱ˱
ɡӳȻϤˬʵӵ绰ͷ˳Ǽ׷Ҫȥ˰
һ磬ӳȻһţ·СſڵĹʱͿһݳ棬ľǷɼԭϷӡ
ԴӷɼҰߣϷĶҲˣһЩ̫ðõĶ
ڿɼ˳Ĺ棬ӳȻʱ绰ʣϵɣϾʡص㲻ѧֻѧĵȵϴ绰ʱ򣬲ŸҸ˵¡
ôҲ֪£ھÿѧϰһŲ֪
Ҳ֪ӳȻ˵ȥҲУܸǼҶӵء
šӦһڱ̺ůͺ͵ıﶯ˶ָͷ
˵ǰǹҶӳȻĵ绰ɷɻǺġ
һ㣬Ҳкüûˡ
ǰһʱûãڷֿˣʼǰһˡ
ӳȻֶԷ˵ϽֿڵǼ⽳¿ζˣҰȥһ
ʲôζİ
ڵģӦǷ˵ˣ
ûԹҾϲҵϺ⽡
ţҲϲ
ӳȻ˵㻹ǵÿ궬Ű̯Ǹϴүô
ɵͷţǵð
ˡ
ţ
Ҳû뵽ɣĶӣҽϿˣǴүӿģ֮⻹ˮˮ֪ɣ
ô
̵Ķˮ
̵ΪʲôҪˮ
ҾͲ֪ˡ
˶˺þã쵽11ʱӳȻʷɣҦգ͵ʲô𣿡
ʵ˵ϣɰ˻ȥ͵ʲô𣿡
ӳȻЦҽˣ˵ʲôУǲҪ̫ڣֹȥԡ
ȴ˵Ҧô࣬ôʲôͣ
ҲôġӳȻԷ˵ʲôȱǾֹĶ͹ȥô
ֹɲ⣺ѧôæпֹ
һֹСѧʱ򣬸ŷʦ˸˰ĺɰͲ֪ȥˡ
ӳȻô˵ЦֺǺǵĵˣǿֹ͸ҦϲЩʳˡ
ֹɣ
񻹲
šӳȻԼļƻ߷ɣ½ڵĿβôԼֹĵ꣬ǻһСʱɣ6ൽҦҸոպá
㣬ԡ
ҪǮСţʼԼΪСˡ
ûǮӳȻӦˣ˵Ҹ˵ˣԸҳǮʱֱȥ½Ǳ߽㣬һȥɾˡ
룬ͷ˵У½ɣһȥ
ӳȻļˣ֪ɿ϶Ӧ
áӳȻЦҵʱȥ㡣
***
ܿ죬͵ˡ
ŷ綼ҪȥҦգǶٺӳȻ͵Ļֱӿɡ
ӳȻڵ绰ﺿ˺ܾã̬ȻǺܼ
Ͽεʱ򣬷ƵƵʱ䣬½ڽصſǰСЦʵôˣǲʲôŰ
㱻ֶ֣̺Գ½ڽͣͬѧգﻹû׼ǹģ½ڡ
½ڵҲûôףǸŬĺӣָ½ɿ죬ֻҪٳӳʲô⣬տ׵û⡣
ʱҲˣȫûϢ½ڿһʱ䣬ڲĵ룬ԭϿμƻǻϵ5ࡣ
ɡ½ڴվԷ˵Ҳûʲô˼ѧˣǾȵϢСʱѽȱĲϣΣ
۾ˣ˵˵лл½ڣԷ϶ԵĿһ㣡
½Цüۣ˵˺ӣȥʰͬѧհɣٵˡ
ɿĵĵ˵ͷ½ڴкԼĶˡ
߳˽ңŴýѧԺС·һ߸ӳȻ绰һſȥ
ýѧԺڱ㲻һ½иңҲоĳ⣬ÿսǵĽһãȷɿԣ½ҲҪȥˣɴ㿼Ҳǳ½ڵǸѧԺ
ɾһƺԽԽõķչˡ
ιɴͨӳȻĵ绰˵½ǰһȥˣİ
绰ӳȻ˵ſڰɡ
ɺɵĿһ۵绰ڶ˵ôô˰Լõô
ӳȻЦӯӯ˵Ҳûʲô£ѧϰƻǰɣ͹ˡ
˵ţӳȻͿСһϤӰЦŻ˻֣Ե绰˵ҿˡ
̧ͷͿӳȻŰɫ׺ţп㣬һ綯ԱߣϦ֡


68 
͸һ, ӳȻЪЪ˹ݳĵ⡣
˶е, òϣӳȻһܺÿĹ
ǰȻʶɴûʲôϵϾ÷ûӵʱʶˣӳȻʲôɶ
ڣɷԼƺ̫ˡ
ӳȻֵʱ龹ȻȸԾġ
˵ǰӳȻҲܿ, ɺڵƺһ
ǰͺԼһ棬˾ϰˣȥﶼ㣬ǿĵġ
ڣɿӳȻҲǿĵ, ɿ֮־еš
˵ĽźͱŤ, ӳȻЦʱĶ, ˿Ľֲֿ
ǰĸоȫͬ
۳ӳȻԽԽ, ղĺ
ǴȣŹһڶѡ
ôô찡ӳȻŷ̵˹ͮͮ, ȵĵɴ۾̣㲻ᷢ˰ɣ
ûСɷ˦ӳȻ, ˵תӡ
ӳȻ֪ԼŲˣֻĵקקɵ, ˵Ҳˣϳɣɻȥ
ƳһۣƲС¿档
ŹԹԵȥӳȻЦ¶һСϳˡ
ӳȻһֹɵ꣬ҵ˿ԤԼ֮⣬ҲõıɣǷԲ幫ڻζõһҡ
ΪǰԤʱ䣬˵˵طܽ
ʦȸ˵һ̣ȻΧΧȹ֪֮һרŶƵģ߳Сտ֡ıˡ
ӳȻɣʦһͻˣߦƤģһǳɣǷ߷˵㹦һʼˮˣƤȫߦִȥ΢һ㡣
һȿӳȻģƷЧ
ڶǷɵģȻɺ˵㡢˵㣬Ҳ㲻ġ
ɾͻ˰СʱɼҲ˲ʱ䣬ȰװòѾˡ
ҪѾöࡣɱԼõıڵ綯棬ӭŷӳȻǲô
ҶһѾСſڵıˣһ˾Ϳȥ
Ļͦܵ
룬̽ͷӳȻ˵컨˶Ǯһͷɣ
ţӳȻһ⻰;Ѿʼ㲻ΪʲôˣҪԼǮĻȫҪԼ˰
˾ΪءϵûǰãҪٷֵô׷ˣ
áӳȻ˵ûǮøҡ
§ӳȻ˵УҲûǮģǻAAɡ
ӳȻҧҧAAˡ
ĲáӳȻ˵㻨ǮϰôҳģҲҶģûҪǮҪʵڲУԺͱҵ绰ˣ𣿡
㶣߬˵У»ʲôǮ
ӳȻŰһķŻ˶ЦӦһ
˱֮ӳȻͰѵ綯ͣ˱ͤͣͷһŻС
ǵһͨͥСͷһμָı۾⡣
סһҸɣɱŻ·ʵ
аɡӳȻ˵¥¥µȥͦ鷳̫ҶðѼҸ飬ռ̫춬ʱѶԺĻݲݻ޼Ȼͳɴԭ
ɺĿô֪ô
ӳȻ̾ܲôԺסҲǱ
ڻ˵©졣
˵İӳȻŸ˵ЩǮ˵ķա
⵹ǡŲɣɻĽĿԱߵĻ԰С󷿣п˵Ҳ֪Ⱳܲлסϡ
ӳȻԱչ˵ǿ϶ġ
Ƴһۣ˺С˵ʲôϵҪסҲһס
ӳȻûסˣġ
ɣƭˡ
һһģܿ͵Ҧˡ
Ҧգ˵Ƴһʱ䣬Ҧɸ÷⡣ѳϯ֮⣬ŪŵƽʣԺﵽˣҦŹʵվſһӭӸֿˡ
Ҧ촩һСİɫȹë׵ӳĵòһǾĴġ
ԭɢɢҦһɺӳȻ۾ˣվԱߵҦ˵һȹӻ˹
ǿˣҦŽ˵վȥҽŶҪˡ
ӳȻſ촩һ˫߸СƤЬŸ߹Ư
ɰѻ͸ɵЦտ֣Ư
û˱Ư˵ģҦЦŽӹ˻ȻӳȻһ۵ҵأ
㲻˵Կ𣿡ӳȻЦ˵꣬еݱɵ˹ȥҦ˵ԽݮǷģ͵Ǹģ㳢ˣóԡ
Ҧ͸ҵôҵһҲ̫ûгˡ
һô֪òóԣȻҪ˵ˣֵš
˵ˣҲҵһԣʽС
úúãڹվһԡ
Ҧ⻰࣬˵ıŻͱǱȥһһ˵⻨ôտϲõ塣
õô˭𰡣տͦÿİ
ϲõ塣
õ壬˰ɣ
У
ŮС߹ҦҲ¶ЦݣСѵǺþˣ춼߶һˡ
ӳȻͷһкҦá
ǺáҦЦ˵ٹСʱųԷǿ¥ȥһ
õģҦ塣
Ҧ˵ıŻͱɣ˵¥Ҵǿղصĺö
ҲûԺͣãﶼǴ̸⣬ҦϲӳȻͷɾ͸ϲˣ·ʱҦӳȻһ̹¥˴߳Աġ
ˡ
ҦһݾͰЬߵˣŽߣѻϣɳϿĵĲ˱ɳһڣ۵óɾɣʲôóԡ
ԵİӳȻ˵
ⲻ󣬷ݿ϶ҲǷɽġ
ӳȻøƽϣŷɳϣ˵ţȥǵϡ
ɵ˵ͷ͸ҦͶιһͱɣЦӯӯ˵һҼҰɣһ㣬ҼҲǱǼ΢һѡ
ллɳŸճûõıɣֻڶĻζ
ܿҦĺϲӳȻͷǣǾΥľһȻΧ˲ٵ졣
енɺܿͷ
Լ˰СʱķţȥԷ
߰ɡҦ´СƤЬԶ˵Ҷˣ¥ȥԵ㶫
Ҧʱ򣬾Ϳܹ20˵ĴԲѾˣҦλϣҦԱߵλá
Ҧ㿴˶ˣȾеľƱ˴һлλæ֮вμСŮ18ᣬﾴһ
Ҳ׷ƣӳȻŷɣҲԼһ𾴾ơ
ĲǾƣե֭
վ׼ķҴææ˹Ҧ˵˾ʲôɫ˲
֪ˣȥȥɡҦ˱ķŰĿҦϡ
ôˣҦ֡
Ҧɫ˵ˡ


69 
Ҧɫͱˡ
˭ģҦüͷҵ, ʲô
ҦɫĿԼŮ˵, μ18
Ҧزõĺһ
Ů̬ȣҦҲΣԿ˵Ҷȳ԰ɣǳȥһ
ڳ˶˵ͷЦҦȥ顣
뿪󣬲ϵ˲ſʼС
Ҧϰ岻𣿡
ûأ˵ڴ˾
ڴ˾ô˰ɣҪ벻ܸɴֱô
ô򵥰˾ôĲծ, ʲ˵ӵѧҵ⣿
˵벻ΪҦϰҪ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣҪ˹˾ĹɷݻҦϰĸͶ, Ҧϰ϶ǲͬ, һֱ벻ˡ
ԵΪʲôҪأ
˭֪ء
ӳȻŲϵ˵, 㿴˿ԼԱߵķ, ˵ǳȥɡ
ǵϴ̳ҦǴΣҲ֪λǸʲô
ȻûҦ裬ҲܵҦ, ͷӳȻһ뿪˲
Ӳ͵ˣղӳȻͿҦ紩һɫƤ£ںҦ˵
, 18꣬㡣
翴ųԽŮ, лùһУҦ˵һһģ¿¥̸һõģѧҵͿ԰ȥסˡɫʯڹʱ򿴵ģ͸㡣
Ҧű򿪵ǸУɫʯڵƹ⣬һͼֵơ
Ҧգ׼˺ܳʱ䡣
Ҧ㿴˿޶ԵŮεĶ˵͸°ɡ
ҲҪҦأõĶ˵ŮˣǰôôҲûһ£
üëҦ˵ǰ費ã㲻̫ģˡӽͲˣǰ©Ķϣԭòã
ҦԾЦˣĿǰŮˣôˣǰʮ겻ŲʣͻȻʼķˣ
˵
˵ͲûҽӲܣҦ˵Ҫ׷ԭ£ǲ̫ˣ
첻㳳ܵģԭҡ
˰ɡ
ҦЦŮʿ18գҲ㳳ܣôľôȥЩҲߡ
Ծ;ǰһڣ¾Ҫվȣлæס
һӾʹʹҦۡ
ŮʿμŮỹС˹ҦƵ˵ǰʲô˭أǸһǸҰ֣
лҲ̧ͷÿüͷ΢΢𣬿ڽ͵Ҳǡ
ˡҦǵĻɫѿĶ˵̫ͻȻˣûҴкҪǰ˵ҲúðģϾҲŮ
籧Ƿë΢΢
Ҧ˵տҪ¾ڼλá
ʲôӣҦõ˵ĲŲǿˣûʸμҵᡣ
Ҧ˵
ҦҧԼĸ˵Ҫ¾£Ҳμӵģû
˵꣬ҦתͷҲص¥
ӳȻͷɿ˿Ҧıֿ˿Ҧֻ޳
Ǹ......Ҧ塣ӳȻץŷɵֶҦ˵¥ȥǼġ
˵꣬ʹŷɸϽ¥
Ҧķ䣬ͿɳƺڶȿӳȻǺɫźõ㣬򴽽˵ǿЦˡ
ûСӳȻŷߣοǶ֪ġ
Ҳ˵ͷգô18Ǹӡ
ô˵Ҧɫźһ㡣
ε̾˿˵ʵҲܣһͿƲס֪Ұûʲô飬ɹȥͺ˰ͿȥԼϲһΪʲôһҪأ
Ҧ벻Ҳ֪ΪʲôòķΪʲֵôѿ
ǮƹþˣһӾͰ˾ʮ꣬ͨ˲ҲܹúܿģΪʲôһҪ
ҦǲܽԼ˸ͬˣʲôˣҲǸˣͰЩ鿴ˣΨһķľԸȥЩİ˸ģԸ࿴Ҧһۡ
ΪҦŮΪҦûи飿
ҲǶԷŮ绳̥ʮģΪʲôƫƫŲʣ
Ҧʼ벻ס
ӳȻҦʧ۾˺ܾò˵ʵ趼ӵģҲԼ
Ҧ۾
ǰҲʼհĶԼҦ̫ˡ
ΪڴԵԷʱ򣬲ŻԽܡ
***
ҲûҦԷлܿ뿪˱
ҦҲûǸ飬һ϶ԵƲ֡
ӳȻѷͻ˼ңһ·˶û˵ʲô˷ɼſڣɲӳȻԹĹҦϾҲǸӡ
һ죬ӳȻԹԵȥѧ
ʱѧϰƻɵķǳãԾӳȻĻ
ȻֻòԣĽѾˣõĵĿ佱
ҲΪջԵʣҦһ춼ûʲôҲͻؽˣӳȻ͵͵УȺճ¯Ŀ
㼫ˣ濾ǽıƤ󣬺ͮͮƳγεͳˣӳȻһߴһ߳ԣˡ
ʣǸҦ
ſӳȻͲɣǰʱҲһ˱һճ¯ĿԵĻȺġ
Űĸôûꣿ
ӳȻϹĥʱ򣬾¥ݿڿ˸ϤӰ
ſɫµĳŮվ¥ϣһɫİӳȻʱǰӳȻͬѧá
ӳȻǰĴˣĿ˽ȥл˵ڽأȥ
лæ˵ҽ첻Ҧģġ
ңӳȻĿǰˣʲô
лĬ˰Σ˵ǹܣҲҦ飬ֱȥĻ϶Ըңֻ㡣
ӳȻ˵ʲôأ
ȰȰҦл˵ܷǳŮ޸ϵҲæ
......ǣҺİﲻʲôӳȻ˵ҾǸѧѡ
лԶ˶٣ŶӳȻ˵ʵܵʱѾˣ֮꣬ܵõҦԭ¡
ӳȻԾһ㶣ʲô˼
ϸܳһСûжʲôˣǻǴȥҽԺȫļ顣лӳȻ˵ڼУҽܵ­ǻ쳣ȷǶ
л˵ڣҽʾ˳ƺͻָҲãٻʮꡣ


70 
лĻӳȻüͷ, ˿ѧл˵ﲻ˵ĵط, ҹɡ
ĲٳԱûʲôˣӳȻŻعͷл˵˵ɣҰʲô
лվӳȻߣ˵֪ҦᣬʵҺ֮ûֹϵһʱ䣬ҶҲǳ壬ԲϣΪŮա
˵ţлӰͳһݲ, ݸӳȻ˵ҽԺ鱨ĸӡϣܰתҦĸףܾҪˣķջǱȽϸߵģ˳Ļδܻʮ, ˳Ļϣܺ׽˼һ档
ӳȻӹǷ͸ļ, Ļ鵥, ˵ͷһύ, ȥȥҾͲܱ֤ˡ
л¶һͻЦݣӳȻ΢΢˸˵ǾͰˡ
***
ӳȻļҦʱ, ûӦɵ˭ļⱨʱŷӦ
ҪˣҦ̧ͷ΢΢۾ӳȻ, ˵˵ǧôôҪأ
ӳȻĬû˵, ֻҦļ
лˣǸӳȻ˵˵Ҫˣзգʧ˾²̨ɹҲٻʮꡣ
ҦҡͷҲţôյʱ򻹸ҳܣôܾҪأ
СС͵һʱ޷ߵԼĸҲԽܡ
ǲϲ磬Լְ飬ûöԷȥ
粻£ҦѾˣֻŹԼͰְ֣Ҳ¿ʼµű浥֪ʱѾˡ
ŮףյʱҦֻԴˡֱ졣
Ϊʲôᷢ£
ӳȻɫҰ׵Ҧ˵̫ѹȥøְ˵л˵ȥ
Ҧ̧ͷü˵
ǰӳȻô˵ĸףְ־׽ˣϴᣬҲúദ
ҦӺңеļǺܲ졣
ôҪأҦʹ˵ȫ֪¡
֪Ҳܹ㰡ӳȻ˵ְִ绰ɣô˵
ҦݵʱҦ˸绰˵绰ûþϿˣһڿһҦͱˣһ綼ûл
ӳȻ֪ǲȥˣֻǾҦҲĺݵˣػӰɡ
ѵӳȻһ˶ѧУȥʳһͻؽˣϰʦǻչ⣬ռ˲ʱ䣬ʦԾӳȻֻǰʱɷɸŵѧϰƻ
1050֣ӳȻĵ绰׼ʱ˹
ľڴϵˣÿ춼γϰˣؼϴϰϰѧϰݣൽ1045ҾʰϴӳȻĵ绰ˡ
ιֻԼ죬ů͵ıʵѧϰƻû
ţˡӳȻģһµӡ
ɺôˣ
ӳȻ̾˿Է˵һҪ˵
ӳȻҦ߷ɺ󣬷ɹ˺üŻعǵʵû°ɣ
ôûءӳȻ˵϶ûѧУҷϢҲûظң֪컹
ӦûȥİɣҦӲô
˭֪ء
ӳȻ̾˿˵ǰҲû˵ҦʲôⰡ
ӳȻ28ǸҦȻûԼ裬Ҳû˵ȥˡȻ̫ҦǲǶӳȻڴõķ淢չ
˵ʵڵģӳȻҲûа취ٷְٸҦ϶ƽʮ󣬱Ͼķɾתѧ˺ϱȫͬ·
ѧУĻҾһʡӳȻԷ˵Ҳ̫ġ
šڱ˵ͷ
һ11ӵʱӳȻԾĺͷ˵Ͱѵ绰Ҷˡ
ɱֻ˻Ŵֻȥ˯
׼ص˯ʱֻĻһ£һϢ
ǣͼƬͼƬͼƬ
ɿͼƬĴ򿪿˿ſЩĳЩϰ⡣
ǣҰһϰᣬҿ˻ͦģȥѧУ㣿
֪Щϰ򲻵ģһȻ˽ӡʡصö˶Ƶϰ⣬Ǹĸ˴ǮŪġ
ϰⲢ˶ŪЩŪָ߼۵ľӾͻѡ˽
Ͼִ󻷾£һֵĲҲˢˡ
ûǸǮȥʲô߼ϰ⣬һ㶼ʦƼЩֱӴϰٲȻȥҵĿͷһμϰ⡣
⣬ԽԽǰոðҲʧˣֻЩֵֺ
ɣ㸸ĸķң𣿡
ǣûϵģ˵һͬһѧôֻˮƽ൱һֱһ𰡡
ԱЦôĻ˵ǺðɣС⡣
ǣðѾܾöûԹСˡ
ɣΪʲô
ǣΪҰĶɾӲĶԣСˡ
ɣ
ǰŷɷϢ룬ֻظҲȿ˴ѧǾͿȥԻˡ
ɷ˸ĻظԲ𣿡
ǣܳԣڲμӼ˵ľۻܻһ㣬Ұ費ҳĶ´̼θӰѧϰԲȥԡ
ɣʧȥ˺ܶȤ
ǣϰ˾ͻá
ŷû̻ظϢټ϶11ˣ6㻹𴲣ǾͶԷ˵̫ˣ쵽ѧУİɡ
ɣã~
ǿĻ¶˸Цݣô
ʱһ̷ŮŶ룬ÿǰֻջȥЦݡ
̷Ůüڵڸ˭أЦôģ
衣æֻʰϵĶ˵ͬĵģ˵Ǹϰ⡣
Ů߹ɫ֣ʾǰֻ
촽ŰѷԱߵֻ˳ȥ
ֻû룬Ϊﲻ˽̷Ůҵ˺Ǻͷɵ¼Ŀһű˵ͬѧϰûҪ֪ˣζ㿼ϺôѧļСһ֡
̧ͷ͵ҸϵܺãѧϰҲѧУȫУǰʮ΢ŬŬܸҿͬһѧУˡ
̷Ůҡҡͷε˵費ѧУ˭ϵãҪסܺԵ޹˵ӰѧϰΪ˳ɼ˲ͱȥѧУʦˡ
æҡͷģ衣
òᡣ
Ů˵꣬Ҳ㻹ֻת׼뿪뿪ǰԺ˵Ϣ컹ҪѧءҲ˵ⶼΪá
šءһ𣬺ǿſյķֻƵġ


71 
ڶ쵽ѧУ, ǾͿɸһС⡣
һֽ⣬Ͱôһ, 滹úɫͼһСеʣȴ⡣
ֻҪǷ͵ģϲġ
ллС⣬СķϣŴͳݾӣһݵݸ˷ɡ
ŪϰⰡǾӣ۾ˡ
ԾÿһⶼµĿһ£ֳķǳ, ÿһⶼôģ֪ʶҲȫ棬ǳʺָ
ǿŷɣ𴽽ЦϲͺãǾɣ
ðɰϰ, Ժ˵һСҲܱʾʲô, ԶٺõİɣǲܳУ, ʳ㡣
Цü, ͷӦ
ݵʱλϿʼдϰ⣬Ȼûзֿ, ҲԾزȥ鲻ȥԱ˵ľӣرǷɣһ, ʱһ档
ǺǽܲԾȻҲ, žƫͷȥһɡ
˵⣬ǿˡ
ɵĽëóƤ𪣬ƺᷢ⣬ȸռʱһ㣬ǿҲܺÿ
ǱԼĵ뷨һûоĸ˳úÿȴĵľ÷ĺƯ
Ư٣Ưʼš
Ҫ֪ǰδôŹ࿴ɼۣú١
æתͷԼԾ۾ڵסɫԼ֪ѾԾˡ
Ͽ֮ǰݾӣֺǲ֪ôһ涼û꣬ȫǰѧϰٶȡ
ɱϾϰ˼ҴģŵȺһԴ𰸡
ҲͦյģûԶپͻȥˣϰʱպÿʼԲο𰸣˴Ĳر࣬ɴ΢ȺǶô⣬ر⣬Ƕһһûжԡ
һ˺ܶķ˶ˣϰ˴⼯һ϶ڿ⡣
Ϸѧ΢һŸһҡ
ʵ̫ˡͷ۵ĶԺ˵Ҫҽ˰죬ҵڶƲ䡣
ԱЦʵҲûôѣܾûϹƵĿγ̣ĩҲϲϰôʦûֽ̹ⷨô
ô˵ԼϵĲϰ಻ǶԷΪֲϰأֻӲͷƤҡҡ˵ûС
ǲϰ಻аǵûһõġһһ߶˵ȻǵĲϰ࣬ǹ˵㣬ʦ̵ĺܺã˳ɼ϶һᡣ
ʱ˵ɣҵĲϰҲͦġ
Ǿ͸û˰ô󻹲Ǻõģ˷Ǯ
ɸЦѧУſڵʱͿһϤӰɵһ¡
ǿס˱㲻ɵʵôˣ
ôˣ΢΢۾˵϶ǳʲôˣ
˵꣬ɱ˹ȥ˳ܵķ򿴹ȥͿվѧУſڵӳȻ
콵ˣӳȻɫУһɫ޷վѧУſڣĿŷɾ˹ȥվӳȻǰ˵ʲôȥԷ
㿴ˣ
ϲûڽ
ȻܿϲɣȻҲܿһֱھܾҰɣ
÷ô꣬Ҫϲ͸һ˰˵ˮʯŸտʼҾûҪŬС
һӾ֮ǰڹϵĶԻǸʱӳȻ̹Ȼ˵ԼϲǷɣ׷÷Сʶ
ԭǾֻӳȻɸͶûʲô˼ǰ˺ȻԼˡ
ķǳס
ӳȻûоĻΪʲô̶Է
ô¶Ǹеı飬ȥǣӳȻ֡
վԭأԼƺʼˡ
ôͻȻܹˣӳȻ֣üͷͬգ˵ϰ˶ãΪʲôҸů͵ĵطţ
ӳȻͷԷ˵ʱ򿴲ңҲ´ŵ㡣
üԼˣرӳȻ֣˺þòŵ˵ȥԱ߱ɣȺĶԣ𶳻ˡ
ǣӳȻ֣ɲԼиͬͷͿǻ˹Ŷ˵˼ǣ첻ȥվ̨ˣȻؼҰɣҺӳȻҪ˵
ſڣԭ˵ԼҲԲģɿӳȻԼջ˵ߵĻãȻؼˡ
šɳǵ˵ͷקӳȻȥǼұꡣ
ضѾˣɾһõԱæݿŶȺڱϣӳȻ˵Եɣ㿴ˡ
ʵ̫ˡӳȻ˴棬һڲ˵Ҫѩɡ
12·ˣҲѩˡ
š
ӳȻһ룬ɲôˣͻȻѧУңǳʲô𣿡
ӳȻҡҡͷ˵ûѧУ
뿪ûٻӳȻϢԷҲûлظһҲûϢӳȻе㵣ġ
ʵҲ֪ԼڵʲôֻʼԼлҦòϢҦԼǲˡ
ϱҦȻͬѧɹϵûôãͨͬѧĹϵ
ûμӹҦ18ᣬҲ֪ҦĹϵô֪軼м
ЩϱӵӳȻδ֪飬ԵҦĲҦʱͿʼˡ
ԼڵÿһҲδ츲صı仯
ҸŮ̸һ÷תѧң˼һ涼ҪԽС
һϱӴûľǵȴԼĽʲô
ӳȻʼˣ֪Լĵ׶Բԣһ죬ջǾҷɣһ
Ȼ˵ôףֻܺʷԼ׶Բԡ
Ļ룬˵㲻߰ҲİɣҦߵǸ뷽跨ϵҦ壬Ҧ顣
ӳȻ룬л壬Ӧûô
Ҧ᲻߰ǾͲ֪ˣҦôõһˣӦòҦôһסҽԺȴġ
ӳȻлĻлԼҲа취ҵҦ㣬ӵĲ顣
Ҧܻ᲻֪飬ʮﶼ֪ĸڹŹһˣҦܻ֪ģϾĿǰ˵Ƿϵķޡ
ͱôˡӳȻ֣Ц˵һͷһοôʧǵأ֪ĻΪϲǰ
ӳȻԴľͿʼҽУŵöæԷɽ͵Ҷ԰ѵĹģҶ氮
ҲӳȻʵ̫ˣĵԱʶ߿
ɱ⻰һǺæ˵ôʲô¿£
ӳȻϣίίĶԷ˵װŵֻ㣬Ҫҡ
ɺΪѵ˵֪ˣܰߡ
˵˵˵Ҳ֪


72 
׷к, ӳȻԼҪ˵ˣɾԼ, תͷͱ˵Ļˡ
֪Լ˼ǰɴӦԼǳʲôԭڵİС÷һ뵽ԼҪǲС÷׷֣ҪΪ˵ţӳȻͳһ϶˯á
ɣѧУû׷ɣӳȻ֪Ӧץŷɵ˵㳤ôÿһĸеĲۿ, һҪܾ
ɵһۣ˦˵˵˵ʲôأ
ӳȻץɵ֣˵˵ģ
ûСεĶ˵ѧУץ϶ˣԷŮͬһ
ҲаӳȻĶ˵ûŮرã
Ů
Ա㲻õĶӳȻƺһΪŮһҿûô
ӳȻȴ˵ûϵ, 㿴ô, ֮϶ҲŮϲ, ǧӦ, ǵ̥ҲŶӲǣ
ӳȻ⻰Խ˵ԽףɶЦˣһʱ䷢ֶʮ, ߴ˵ˣϽĩ೵ȥ϶û尢, һؼҸǴ绰Ǳ㡣
ӳȻȥ, Ѿóʱûˣ׻˵һղӳȻԼŵӼֱǶꡣ
ɷɵĻӳȻֲҲ
Լƺֻصʮദģʽÿ춼ڶ˵߶ڵӳȻȴЩÿɰ
ҲֻĴԼ˲Ż᲻䷳˵ͬĻɲô˵ˣӳȻƻü
ĩ೵ʱӳȻɥһڳɻ֣һҪȥս׸ı飬ɴŶƽĿ޶ԡ
ȹˣɲε̾˿ؼҸ褴˸绰֪ӳȻҹȥҷɺֵĹ˵绰
***
ͬʱѾϴǰĺǣȴôҲǰ⡣
ոѧУſڣǣӳȻ֣ȫǹеı顣
ϲӳȻģˡ
ΪʲôԼôأ
ü֪Щʲôʱǵƿ˽һˮ
ҽǰδ绰ˡǵ˵ѧϰǰθѧϰͦȶģǶ˸зɵͬ
Ծ̧ͷŵĿΪʲôҪҰδ绰
ΪʲôɫĶ˵ΪҿĲɵģ֪Ǹؼʱôô԰ʱ˷Щ߰ϣ
Ҳ֪Ǿ仰̼ǡһվŮ˺ҵ˽ΪʲôҪ̽ҵ˽ѧϰɼû»ⲻѾ㹻ôѾˣŮ𣿣
𾪣ôܸЩ鶼Ϊãôôأ
£
ףԼʲôˣΪʲôҪָ𲻶£
Ů˿ǳĬŶԼ̾˿Ժ˵ǸŮҴˣѧϰųɼҲǺܺãȫǰ嶼ûȥԺҪˣ㽻ҲýһЩѧϰɼõѣֺͨͲҪ
ȥ
ŮԾһ㶣˵ʲô
ȥǳҪϢˣȥ
˵꣬ǾͰŮƳ˷䣬Ȼְѷŷ
žžž
ŮǺǣŴ򿪣ô˵ģôôҵǰɣ
Ŷ䣬ŷŶ
Ů󳳴£ýһֱ߷ţɤŴ󵽸ҵĺǰְֶˣŰ˻˷䣬ɺɶڵذûз֡
úʹࡣ
Ǿÿؼһܿµ飬пǿ裬ÿ߶߶ԷеӦýʲôҪ롣
̫ʹˡ
Ǳ۾ԭֺڰѧУƺΪΨһĸ壬Ϊܼڴĳˡ
ڶһ磬ڲԳ㣬ű
ָźǵİְֲһ߲һ߿ԼŮıӰЦ첻ͦǿƵôŷϣҰˣԺҿŹԣ
ǳе㣬ʹ˫ûһ˿
***
죬ѾٵҦѧУˡ
յûþͱӳȻץȣʼѶ
ΪʲôϢ
ʱ㶼ȥˣ
û°ɣ
û°ɣ
ûɶ°ɣ
ҦѽһƿӳȻĸ첲εĳ˵ҺõúܣҰֺõúܣ衭ڻðɣĻõ
ӳȻԸæ˹ϸ˵˵
ϾͺҰȥҽԺҦִȵķϣӳȻ˵еҪ΢һЩҵҲȫȨҽܲܳɹĿǰڻ
Ҧʹüۣë΢΢ζ˵ױʱ˺ܶ࣬40ͷƽŸչһ롣
ӳȻĬҦļ
һ8ҦͷӳȻ˵ЩҺҰֶҽԺ˵Ҳ˼ǰһ˼͸Ƶģ޲ҧԷ֪˶ˣЩìƺһӾɢˡ
Ҧ˵Ұ˹ȥٰˣ·ȥñķϴˣҲˣżܶ˵仰ҲɫˣѧϰԺ뿼ĸѧ
˵ԼЦˣΪεĿӳȻ˵ҪҲǺҸһ˰ɣ
ӳȻҦû˵˿Ҳ֪ӦôοԷ
˵ҲĸҲ˵ôᰲο˵ĻϾǰκԶǲ԰׵ġ
ӳȻ
ҦǰˣȻڵ˵ʮܸңǸʱ𣿡
ӳȻ̧ͷȻҦ˼ˡ
Ҳں¡
Լ²̨ÿһ£˵ÿһ仰һΡ
ҦרŹѰο
ӳȻ˺ܾò˵Ǹʱ軹ţȻûҲż˵
ԣܳɹģ𣿡
ǡ
ӳȻҦ˵϶ܳɹ
ҦŹ𴽽ЦǾͺãĻҾͷˣٻʮꡣ
Ȼ޵ģһ֪һһĻͻڴĵ
һʱӳȻ͵͵ֻȥѧУҦ첻ӳȻϵһ¡
糿8ӣʹӲˡ
ҦҦվǰʱ춼Ҧ˼٣ҦҲ¹綯
Ƕ˰ľǺܺõģ˿Ҧ΢΢ֶ̧˵ߡ
Ҧ˹ȥڵǣ֡
Щ죬ĺܸܹԺǴˡҦ֣˵⣬ҲҵлµҲ衣
Ҧͷǰˣ˵ҲȱǮҲҪʲôЩŲ㰮˭˭һɹҪ˵Ļ
ЦЦֿһҦ㣬Žҡ
ʱܳܳҦſڵĳϿǰ԰׵ǽڣǡСãȻķŴ
лԶԶľͿҦ뻹˹ߡ
ҦǰǶ򣬿ɽƺûǸ飬ֻƳһлͼǰǽڡ
лҲû˵Ҧߣһȴ


73 
⼸ս½, ӳȻڱʱ򣬾;쬵ġ
һʱ, 糿550֣컹ʮӵʱ䡣
ǰʵһͦʹ飬ܾԼƺĿһӳȻڱĥĥӣձȥ˲
ӲҵʱӳȻȻôƽʱҪһЩɵĿ˹ȥȻ˷š
һдѩֱӳȻ, ˰ãã磬ʹƬƬëһѩ
ҹȻĵһѩ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţһҹǧ滨
ӳȻܵȣһڰ׷ɵĴѩ, ѩлƵ·ơ
Ͳ¥ƮĶѩ, ӳȻȥγһӡ, ˸˼ˡ
, ɵӡ·ѻѩӳȻקѵûôѩȥôҲ¶ɵˣ
, ɶʱµѩҷѧûءӳȻ˷ܵĴһѩûĺ, ˵Ķ˵ѩһҹ˰ɣô󰡣
褰һ, ӳȻ˵ݻ·ѩ·ϲߣǰȥѧУС
ãӳȻӦţѩͽݡ
ս޷ͷֻƬ˷ɡ
ӳȻͼƬ
ӳȻ˺ôѩأ
ûãɾͻظ˹
ɣǱѩȻҲ˰ǲɵ
ȻɵӳȻ˿⣬ô̫鷳ˣֱһ绰Ͳ˹ȥ
ιιιɣ
绰սͨӳȻ͸˵һ˵ҺþûôѩˣѩһƬһƬģϲˣ
˵Цˣ˵ôѩ˼ˣҲϰѧô죿
ϣǴѩаӳȻ˵ѾþöûôѩˣҪûߵĻǻһѩˣǲ֪Ͳ¥϶ѩһ㡣
һë£Դ̽˵һûȥأոպ˵ѩҾͿһۣĺܴô
ܴ󣡡ӳȻ˵Ϸ˼˶񱼵ѩ
ɣ
ʲô߰ıʣ
СɣԷˡ
ʱ÷ƿųڴ·ķ˵һ춼ûڸ˭绰
˵ӳȻ˵ѩˣڸ˵ѩж󡣡
÷ԱЦˣ߹ɷڴϵֻᡣ
ϺãӳȻĴк
ȻȻ÷ѩµرѧʱ·Сĵ㣬֪𣿡
֪ˣ̡
÷ŶԷ˵㴩·ˢϴһ緹ˡ
õģ衣Ӧתͷֻ˵˰ɣҪȥԷˣˡ
ӳȻЦüۣȥɣҲҪ׼Էˡ
˵绰ӳȻľУȥ緹Լϵѩӣȥһͻһ룬ֻѧ·ٹһ㣬ױ档
ҲΪѩԵʣ·ϵĳǳ٣ټ춼û·ϾֻЩѧ
쵽ѧУŵʱӳȻհһ·ĴѩԱߵ·ߣͿһͣѧУſڣҦӳˡ
ţ
ӳȻ΢΢㶣ΪҦƽģǳźһЩ
Ҧһװɫ޷˳֮󻹸˵䣬ε˳ʱ˸ڵļӡ
ܿ죬ҦʹѧУӳȻվ·߿ţҦѧԼԱ߿ȥ
ʱӳȻɵ۾
Ȼл壿
ҦǸ
԰ҦΪлԼˣ̬ȷǳôᷳôԼѧأ
϶ʲôĻ
ӳȻٵѧУȥץŸ׼¥ҦͰһߣֱӰǽϡ
˵
ӳȻҦ˫۷Ź⣬˵ոǲл壬ô£Ҳڵʱǵ׷ʲô
Ҧ΢΢һ㶣΢΢ǺӳȻƿյ˵ô֪ģ㿴ˣ
ǴҡڵĳѧУſڣҿǺô
ȿȡ
Ҧɿε˵ⲻնҪָôҰֵ粽ţûչˣлŰᵽҼҸһסҵʳ˳ѧ
ӳȻȴ˵費ڼңҲǻбķ˾ôôǵлѧ
˵ţָָҦϵļӣ˵Ҳ
ҦһӾͺˣٵİǷݼӲűӶӳȻ˵ܵ㣿ҽͻȻˣģ𣿡
ӳȻ°ͣ΢΢۾Ҧ
˵ʵǲǶлȤӳȻ˵ҼǵӳпʼϲͱԼĽ㣬ǲǡ
˵˵ҦɤŶСͨŽţôϲ㲻ҪϹ£ҺԲܣ
ӳȻҦ˵ӣԼԼǲ׼ˡ
Ҧ߳ŭ˦ӳȻ¥ӳȻĶӸЦüۡ
ܰ
˵
˵˵ô𣿡
ܻĳ𣺡ұ죡
һʱ䣬ҦûӳȻ࣬ʱ΢˵㣬鲻Ըĸȥʳó˷
ϣӳȻʹ͸˵¡
ϰҾͿлĳͣ·棬Ҧͨ˳ڶûظϢء

ôһҲֻʵǲϲǸô
ǰǰҺһлʱ˵ݻӳȻŽŶԷ˵㻹ǵǻأȫл塣
ɼǵãǰõôܲǵá
ӳȻ˵˵ΪҦ岻ڼҪչҲ̫ţܾϵûô򵥡
ʵϲл壬л԰ʲôо֪𣿡
ûӳȻ˵ѧʱı黹ͦȻģҵͷкͰҦˡ
ǡǵô
пܣ
Ա˵Ӧúʹɣǵø˼ҵǸñ˵˵ЦģͷҪҿɲš
ţ˵öԣҲ˵˵˿϶˵ӳȻôãǵðС
ӳȻԼ̸һͿô˼˵ȥҦ
ɳĬţû˵
˵ӳȻ˵տʱǲѾˣ
š
ɵͷµ׾ҪˣڼҲ͵͵ϰ½˵Եҹȥ
ӳȻæҲȥɣǼŰ
26ţ㲻ҰҲʲô󿼣½ڸһȥء
ôǴ󿼣ҲҪ㰡½ǳ½ڣҡ
ӳȻĩͶԷ˵ѿңڿſڼ
ԭܾģԼܾˣӳȻҲҵʱҲ˵ٳʲô۶ӡ
ǺðɡɶӳȻ˵һͷѵַ㣬һҵġ
ӳȻЦû⣡


74 
, ɶæտ顣
ӦѧУΨһμտѧ˰ɣʦϢʱҲüͷ, ֪ԷѾȫź˺ֻε̾˿
ڰ༶ﻹû֪Ҫտ顣
ɡ
ǰԾݸɣ˵ʦշģҸտۣɼ˲˲١
ԭɵһοŽȫУʮңʱҪ׼տ飬ûôʱȥѧϰһεĿԳɼֱ»һٶ
ɿԼķִµͺε̾˿
Ϊѹ, 㰲ο̫ᣬתûãܻ̫ӦѧϰӦ˽ɼġ
֪ڰοԼЦ˵ûھ, ɼ»Ҳ, ûϵ, һӦþͻˡ
ŷЦ, ĪľԼɵļ١
ԼԽԽԾˣǰֻͷദ, ÿ϶ԷЦʱӿ죬ʱ, ܻԴհһƬ
ȻûоʲôˣҲǸĺӡ
֪, ԼӦϲϷˡ
ûоţҲʲôֵ˼ĵط
˶С͹ܵĺϸ񣬴Сѧ꼶ʼͲͬСѧʱҪȻͺŮͬѧһҪȻԼһλá
еʱѧУ֯ŮģʽÿʱǵǻηӦú˳Ļ
˳У༶ܶСŮ˧˧Ȥȴ֪ԼЩкӸȤĻԼһѧУð
ԺǾԼϲҲûκ⣬ŮӶðһƯеζ˵Ҳܺ
ҪѡĻǻѡϲɡ
ûоᣬܿͽʵ뿿ɣԶһ
Ĳϰǲµ׾ͽˣƽĿŷɣ˵ȽұǸϰɣҿʦûŻݡ
ɻͷźǣ˵Ǹϰ಻Ǻܹô
ǵ˵ͷ˵ҪǾ̫ҿԽһǮЩҵѹǮ㻨Ǯˣв١
ǡԥ˵飬һøҰһ²С
еʧ䣬ɻǾ÷˵е̧ͷ˵ɣʵҲӲҪ㱨Ǹϰֻ࣬ǾҪǳɼ»Ļû취ͬһѧˡ
ɳĬſſƺ˵ʲô
ǹ֣ŷɵ˵ûʲôѵģڸʶܿģҲһһõĴѧʱһӵѣ㿴𣿡
ѣѹϵ㹻˺ٸ߷Լ뷨
ȻʱܻǾܰõ
˵ôɱⷬ˵Ūе㲻ˣźǵЦǵȻһӵѣܲܿͬһѧͲ˵ˣϾ㿴ҵĳɼĳɼ໹ͦġ
ǵʹüۣ۾濴ɫ
ɡ
ɶԺ˵ڲϰ飬һȥҰܳɼһֱǵæӾҪŬѧϰˣȡܿĸһá
Ծ̧ͷŷҫ۵Цݣس˵ͷ
ԼСĢɣǹϽɫ̫ԼÿһůǶԷģϲƺʲô֮顭
***
½죬÷ϰԼ˸ĲμӿԵһЩע
Ϊһεָѧķǳ棬©˳½ڵκһ֡
ôţ½ڵ̬˺ܶ࣬ЦŶԷ˵㲻ýţֻҪӣԶ˵ѣӦúóԲŶԡ
⿼Ըǰֻǲһġɵĵ˵ѧʱ䲻ȱ˳³ʲô©
ġ½ڰο˵ϻؼϢ첻ҪٵǰСʱҲڿġ
ɵ˵ͷԼ˸ǰһСʱӡ
ϵʱӳȻ绰οǧҪţԷƺ˻Ҫš
ڶû³ǰСʱ˿˿ѾΧ˲ٵļҳһ۾Ϳ˴ɫ޷ӳȻһ㡣
ҦҲˣ˵ŻҦһ˷ɣ˻֡
ô˰
СܹĿҦ첻ϼҽ̿𣿡
Ҹʦ˰ӳȻԴ֪ҪԽ˺ü죬Һ·ϳɶ£һˡҦ˫ֲ嶵ЦӯӯĶԷ˵ϾҪˣŰ
˵ǿ϶ѵģǷɾԼС
ǰѧУμӸֿԺݽ˵տݽ̫һǷɾԼӦӦ
½ڽҺܶ෽Ҿûʲô⡣ɳЦЦеӳȻŵˡ
߬е㣬ݸ˵Ⱥȿڶͼ²˼ڶģɰ˵˵ҪвҶͲˣԸţļ
ɽ˹ȿȺĶӳȻ˵̫࣬һԵʱϲô죿΢ٺһ㣬ɤӣһɤӵıǣ׼ˮһȥ
ȥε𣿡εĿӳȻ˵֪ôɤӣ㲻õңǿԣпʱҲûôŰ
пһôӳȻ˵п֪϶ܿϸУտɻǵһΡ
Ҧø첲˴ߵˣӳȻ˵ˣ˼ҷôԶ˵׾٣ͱϹˡ
Ҳ̲סЦǰ㶼Ūˡ
ӳȻæοɣǧš
½ûҲˣӳȻǴкֶ˷ɼ䡣
ȷûǴԺ󣬾һ˿
Ե˱ȷҪ࣬ҶǸѧȻŴ粻ͬϡܹҵ״̬
гԺ͸ԣԵʱ֪ͨԵɴӿ߳ʱ򳤳һ
ȻҪȥһٵģ½ҲԸСǵľۻᣬͷɴкͿ뿪ˡ
ȥףҦʵʲô
ʲôȻǷɶˡӳȻתͷԷ˵Եɶ
룬˵Ǽҿˡ
ȷӳȻò׿ˣͳЩ
ЩôˣɲͬĿҶþûȥǱ߹ˣǱߵСˣ𣿡
ûС
۳ԼҦЦ˵ûⰡɵġ
ǺãǾͻȥ⽣ԱߵĽҲܺóԣͷԴ㳢һ
а
һ·һ˵ʱ򣬷ɾ͸оڿڴֻһ£֮ǰЩܴȥĶӳȻˣڻصڴûʮӣҲ֪˭
ɴֻһַϢǺǡ
ʱԼһ桿


75 
ɿźǷϢ, ͣԭء
ôˣӳȻͷ˿ɣ˭㷢Ϣ
ͬһ߻ظһôֻĻ
ɣԼ˱ȥԷ, ʲôҪǲżĻϿԼҡ
ԷһֱʾšСɹ˺þöûظȷ˳Żһ仰ûϵȺͱ˳Էɡ
ӳȻ˿̾ڷɵߣ˵۾
ǣ㷢ôϢӳȻ˵
ƫͷ˿, ˵ͬ˵Ǻ𣿡
ӳȻ֮Աǣƽ㷢ϢҲÿذ
ߴһ󴮣еʱĻװ£㻹ϲ60ϵ㣿
, ˵һĵİ
ź߶߶˵Ż, Ҧͺε˵ܲ΢ͣһͣ, һ
һӾͺ, æ͵ûУҲ¡
ҦǰЦӳȻʼί, ץŷɵΪʲôϣǲ׹ôϴҵ㶼ǵôôתͷͲأ
߶ɶܲˣְ̧סӳȻ߶߶졣
Ͻֳͽȥ, Ҧ˾Ȼȥһ, ԼҪóʱٸ绰
Ͻһ˶ѵģȺĹӣƽͷ棬һƿǰɫӿŨ׵ζ
˷ԵǼ̯⽺ӳȻȥԱ˱ɣͿɾȻˡ
أӳȻȺɣҦ
ǽ˸绰ͳȥˡҦɵϴҧһڣȻ֬ζӿҦ۾ˣó
ó԰ɣӳȻǰ⽵˵ףŶҦ˵һһζ͸ˡ
ҦӳȻ˵ˣȻζǳ
ǰһЩӬֶģڸϰԺҲġҦҨһ⽣˺ȥп˵ЩǰûԹ
֪ǸСˣͱˡӳȻҲ⽣ųſôȥôûҸ绰ʰɣ
ҦƳһ˵˼ҾͳȥһŸ绰ԺҪ˴ѧô죿㲻ް
ֻҪһܰѷɿ޻һԸġ
ûϢ
Ҧ̾˿ӳȻ˵Ҳǵģⶼ˻û׷֣㵽ва
ӳȻɵĴ˵виɶϵ׷ȥѧѧͬҲû㶯찡
Ҧ๥ǰɣ
ӳȻ죺ȿʼģ
С˵ͷ
أͿɴһ˽⽵꣬ʵҶҪһ롣
Ҧʶ˿ӳȻʶ̧һ͸ǵ߶ˡ
ͬǣպڸϿΣҾͰˡúλãԺǽܵӳȻˣλѣҦ
ҦĴǰ̷۾Եе˵СЦ¶һСͬѧðҲʡصİɣ
еĵ˵ͷŵ˵ǣǺá
ӳȻĿǰĺǣֿһ۷ɣýɡ
̧ͷڶһۣһ˵ոǸҷϢŷҲûԶľˣ˶Ҳ
ҦԴһϷı˵ǣ
ǲڵĿǰˣҦͷһμܿԷĴŴ綼ͨ˼ҵĺӣϵֻҲ¿ӦüͦǮ
ӳȻȻ£Ҳû˵仰Ҧ˵Ϥһġ
ϤˣǶӳȻ̬ҲеŤ
ϾڿʵӳȻһǷɵ׷ߡ
ʱҰ⽶ɸæŲ˺ǰõ˺һ䡮лл
ҪҪӵףɶԺ˵ҵĴһ㶼ᣬģ֪㲻ϲˣҾûõҷšXFZ
΢΢˵ͷɾ͸һףŶ˶ɣԼûԵǷݸ˺ǡ
ӳȻ
Լɣɸˣ
ӳȻſڣ򡭡ϣ
ӳȻһţ졣
ҳ⽾͹ˣⲻǻ˸кõĽôɶԺЦ˵㳢ԱǼҵɺҵǾ䡣
Ŵ˴ӣҧһڿɣĵЦǺóԣѧУʳõҪóԶˡ
ҲЦǰɣ
ӳȻͿŷЦĿģɶҿ
һٷԵĸ֣һֱڸ˵ϽֺóԵĲӬݣͷһμ˵ôĻ
ӳȻ߾ˣĶֲҿرְ˷źһֱǳĬġ
ҦڶˣﶼǸݣôҲѾϰˣ˿һ߳Էһ߿˵޳ȿӾ绹ҪʣȻǶڷ
⽣ӳȻȥˣǿȥæ˵ɡ
áҦԴźǣЦе˵֮ǰӳȻ˵͵ģͱ
ǡ
ͷǲǻ򿾺ôɶԺ˵ҪǾʵڹⲻȥǳǸɡ
ҲУ˵ͷ˵һǳԿ
ӳȻǮʱúó˵ǳ⽣һҲͼǮΪǮҪǽɵ̬ǳˬ
ΪʲôǸСͬôģ
ΪʲôҪԼɸǸСͬ
ϰ5Ǯȥأ
ҪģԼ˵һٷڰȰȰȵĸ˵ʲôʱԼ˵ôˣ
ԣӳȻܲġ
ϽֻвСԣźǵǰߣҦӳȻںš
ҦӳȻǰ֣˼
ɴźȥ򿾺ʱҦ·߸Ĺ˵ͷɹֶûǣְɣ
ӳȻҧ˵㲻˵ư͵ġ
ҦȴЦüۣ˵Ǹͬǲ˼ҿĹϵһ㣬˰
ӳȻ˵
һܴĺøǿ˶һ۶ЦӳȻ׸һӾʹˡ
ȥ뵽Ƿɲˣ˻
Ŀ鿾ӳȻԵͬԼԵѳԵһο˰ɡ
ʱˣ绹пΣͲˡ
ǿˣתͷԷ˵һѧУɡ
ðɱֳЦ·Сģ¸ҷϢҽһ춼пա
ǵ˵ͷ˵ټת뿪ˡ
ԶˣӳȻһץסɵĸ첲ʵô£û˵Ҫ
ɿһۣ˵ҴѹԷôˣ˵ҲԿ˰ͲҪô
ף
ӳȻ𾪣ƢѾܺˣôɻ˵ף
ҦͶ䣬˵ոĹӻͦóԵģȥ㣬Ź


76 
Ҧÿ, ӳȻҲûбĹ˼ɣץŷɵ߹հ˹յľ͹սһû˵Сȥ
СϽ, ͨһ
ӳȻ
ɱߣͣһ谵Ľ
ôôϲЩְֺСɶǰˣɫ΢΢һƫͷȥ
ΪʲôǸôãӳȻץŷɵѧУǲҲ
Ƴһۣƺߵֹܲ
ӳȻû˵
˵һѧУˣҽһôˣƾʲôҰ
ӳȻû˵
ɵͷԼͶԷǣŵ, Ƶ˵㵱˵ҸĻĴŮôҲˣҲûʲôжϲŮҲϲԸģʲô𣿡
ӳȻûп
ɾò̫Ծ, ӳȻԸ, Լ˵ôܵöŶ, ôô
̧ͷʱ, 㱻ӳȻϵıŵˡ
ֻӳȻ촽һ˫ԭÿ۾ˮ̧ͷգһ۾, СӾôϢĵ
ɣιҾͶ˵䣬㲻ڿްɣ
ӳȻžĵֵǮС, һֲֻᣬһֻֻ߬ŷɵ֣ء
ɱһ, æǰö˶˿ʲô
ӳȻڿޣءȥѧУͶԱ˺ˣһҵ17Σ6ֻۣϳЦΡء
üΪͿޣӳȻ18겻8꣬8ҲСѧ2꼶ˣ˼СѶû޵ôҡ
ءСѧ2͵ûš
˵˵ʲôأ
ɴӿڴһֽ⻹ǳ⽵ʱ˼ҵţÿԸֵǮӳȻСӡ
ˡ΢΢ͷӳȻᣬһ˵˭Ű㲻Ҫҽкòã
ءš

ˣֻҪܺɵӱޣʲôʲôɡ
ɲ˲ӳȻϵˮε̾˿ӳȻ͵ίΪûñˣҾⲻôɢɢģǹⲻġ
ӳȻ۾ŷɣӣģ
ȻġɿЦƭʲôôô
ƭӳȻǵʲôôûУø𶹶ͼɶأ
ӳȻһô˵ͺ˲Ȧŷɵ˵ҷ˺öۣҲЦˣҸ5Ǯø˱ˣɣúݵİ
ӳȻίͰ͵ӣЦ
ӳȻǸˣԭԼأ˿һӣʲôƢûˡ
ýˣܿӳȻͨ۾ͳĽëմˮ˵ġ
ҿ۱뻹С˵֥޳ͷȥ˰ǵЦ㲻ɡ
ҡ
ӳȻҲ˺ܶ࣬§ŷɵɵʲô
ɣˡӳȻöͷ˵
һӾͺˣѿȴӳȻ§رͲ÷ܡ
㣡ɺȴҾܾʲôأ
ǵһʰӳȻΪЦչסɵ촽˵һô죿
ɱӳȻһͱ۾Ҳ֪ԼǺӳȻڼνˣû֮ǰε裬ɶеɵĸоˡ
ӳȻֱ§ڷɵϣһֻ־ͳ°ͣͷ΢΢̧һأӳȻǵø

˵ĴཻҲ׵ԴκģֹӳȻļ˺˼ɾͱӳȻǽϡ
谵ƽû˻ˮǽڿҲЩӲģɷɾԽԽԼԾͺһŻСһ
ӳȻ
͸ˣҲӳȻǵû˷򣬴˿ץŶԷףֻÿڸ
ӳȻҲǺģֻԴȷҪѺܶ࣬ͷ촽Լҧ˵ţͺһӦ顣
ִӷɶ̿޷˽ȥ˲˸£Ȼı۾

΢΢ţȴӳȻְǽףһʵĿ§˶Է塣
촽֮⣬ӳȻչĶǼ⡢պͲҪǴ̫̫䣬ӳȻ׸˽ܵĵط
ץӳȻļ򣬱ڵĻûһб˫ȷҪڵϣӳȻۼֿ˻
ӳȻ֪ɰɾҪǾôڵϻع϶ԼԱ§ǽϣͷ׷ɷۺɫС
ɴԼǴˣûϵԼȻӳȻڻ谵СֻƵ飬㶵ؿӳȻ촽΢š
ӳȻЦһ§ŷ
ɴԼҲƹˤˣ˿̻ſӳȻϣĺǡ
ӳȻɾֺ󣬲ǣ˵ȳȥɡ
·̧۱ŤĿһۣĬӳȻԼ˳ȥ
Ҧ˺üȦһѺóԵĶ˳ֱ˹Цӯӯ˵ͺˣ
ɺӳȻ˵Ҫؼˡ
ôȥʲôӳȻܺãŷɵֶҦ˵ȥҼһɣҲûʲô¡
ҦǡŹӣ˵ɫͷ촽ԼԼ֪ոʲô
ЦҦȻǸݣֲǰݣʱɵҲ֪Ӧú뿪ṩһС
绹пءҦеĹӻ۽ӳȻ˵ҳĲЩԵģллǽҳ⽡
Ҧ˻˻־ûӰˣӳȻŻʳ˿ɣ˵һȥɣ趼þûˣǰ컹߶˵ء
ܾӳȻûߣקİ˴˼ңһ
***
һһĹܿ͵¿ʱ
ӳȻĳɼٻָǰ״̬Ĳ߲Ͱɣǿϸ
Ҧһǰé˵ŮķգǻԴҲ֪ʲô

ӳȻҦü΢΢ƳһӳȻﺰôֲӡ
Ҫôȥ;ӲԶˡӳȻҦԱߵĿλ˵°ǸദĲã
Դ֪Ҧл˼֮ӳȻá㡯ָл壬ҦԼҲĬˣըëڶν
ʲôġеҲû
ҰⲻǴӹҪ𣿡ҦԴüһҪˡ

ӳȻ룬˵ͬôãûһϵĻÿ춼ѧô
Ҧ˵ÿңҲ棬ɹϵҲûнչӡ
˵תͷӳȻ˵˵ǲǲϲŮ
ӳȻգգ۾Ȼֱ֪ͺ𣿡


77 
ҦԱס, תͷӳȻ˵ҡֱ
ǰӳȻſͷԼĺѣ˵ȥ, ֱȥһʣҪϲŮ㻹лᣬҪǲϲҲ
ҦĬˣ˼ӳȻ˵ƺС
ҦһģӳȻͺĴչʵ˵˵㷢չһˣû
ҦһӾͺˣĿһۣôô, ϲһ˾һҪô
ѵ𣿡
Ҳȫǡ
Ҧ˿ӳȻСұģջǴյĵ˵һϴ衣
ӳȻ
ʲô˵ģ
С͸һϴ裬еʱ򻹻걳ء
ӳȻ룬ҦһģҲ, Լϲϴȷһܿ־顣
͵ϴ𣿡ӳȻȻأ
Ȼ󣿡Ҧգգ۾, Թ˵ȻûȻ˰, ϴͳȥˡ
˵, һίģſϣԹԹӳȻ˵ǲǲϲ͵İ, ҿǰϵôãһֳԷ᲻᲻ϲͱԼСģ
, ˵񶼲̫ϲ̫Сġ
ҲŸմѧҵͱǴѡ
ⲻǴ, 18
ҦԾüͷίݣҲ밡˭û꣬ʲô취
ӳȻļ򣬰ο׷ô׵İ㻹кó·Ҫء
Ҧ̾˿
׷·ضԶ
***
ǰԾɵĿʼ
ôˣ
ΪʲôÿζӳȻóѣǰ׾һЩֵ顣
ҪϴȺ󣬷ɷǵûжоһǰδеС
ɲɵĿʼĻš
ǲǳʲôˣ
ǲǵʲôΪʲôӳȻΪȻú
ʹıͷϺͮͮģССԴ˸ʺš
ϲӳȻ˰ɣ
ǴͿͷԾһʹģΪڽǳɼҲ˼ͬ顣
󣬺ǿһԾϵĳɼŶԷ˵ʵĳɼѾˣ̫ѹ
Ծ̧ͷֿ˿ԼԾ̾˿
˺ǣǵһӱ
˲ʵ̫ˣȥҪ200ˡ棬εĶԺ˵ҵĳɼҪһͺˣٲٷա
ǱҲûж࿪ģ˲֪ԼܲôΪԼĳɼﻨ˶Ǯķ˶Ѫ
ԼҲ˲ٵĿࡣ
ɼɼٺãҲ⡣ǵᡣ
תͷ˿ʵôˣˣ
ε¿ɼˣɵĳɼ˲ǿ϶ģǵĳɼҲ»һ㣬ȫڶȫ壬鲻ñ⽣ҲΪԭ
ǵһĳɼըˣ˺ü죬Ǻܴѹ
ԼͦŬˣɾԶﲻĸ׵ı׼
˵ǲǸͲʺѧϰߵˡ
ᰡץźǵ֣ο˵Ҫ㲻ʺѧϰЩȲ˸ôأһοòʲô㿴ӳȻϴ¿ȫ൹һÿ춼ܿ𣿡
ӳȻ֣ǲſɣŴЦЦ˵öԣҵȷӦѧϰ
Цüۣѧʲôһ쵽ɵ֣֪ÿʲôôģͱѧˣѧѧҰɣҵ̬Ҳͦõİ
ǲɵҲŷЦ
ˣǣҡм˵
źЦôģҲˣϾڸԼҲǺѣտ鲻һֱ
ţѯʣ֪ҪԼ˵ʲô
ҳ⽵ӦûǵðɣЩŵĿʵϣȥμտġ
ǵ۾΢΢Ĭʵտ
ɵͷǡ
ǲüĳɼȻرãϸͨûİΪʲôҪμտ
ɶ͵ʵտ飬Ѿ׼ܳʱˣǲ֣Ϊ뵱ˡ
֡üͷץŷɵ˵뵱ܵȫмˣȷ֮һԼδЦ
ҲǺǵ̫ˣ˰༶ͬѧעӣɸæС
ǳŷɳĬ˺þòŻҪ֣ǲעܿͬһѧˣ
Ŀ΢΢˵ͷ
ֻĿڳʹԷ˵ԣ˵ҿͬһѧʼնƭҡ
ǣûС
ɴûгŵǿͬһѧÿʱ򣬷ǻұĻƹ
ɼʹҲȷǸ˶Էϣȷд
˶Ĭǲ֪ӦôǽͣǷƭ
Ͽûתӡ
ǡ
΢΢üקקǵ½ǣԷקԼ½ǣĬĶԼǰĿα
һʱ䣬Ƕû˵ԷʱҲһȥˡ
֪ˡ
֪Ҫҵԭһֱ
10࣬ſڱڸ绰ӳȻ߿ࣺĲǹģӳȻ˵᲻˰ɣ
ӳȻζӳ£ʷɣ֪ҲϲǸСͬ㻹һ飬ǲǳң
գգ۾ЦﲻϲǵԸ˵㣬ʵ˺ܺõİ
ӳȻƺһ
ɿֻϵͨͺε̾˿˵ӳȻҽѾͷ۵ˣͲҪҲ˺òã
Ҳ֪˴ҵĴԣԵķĪġ
ӳȻε̾˿תűʶԷ˵Ҫ˵ǸСͬǽ֪еǾϵôˣ㻹ü¡
šɱż˵Ҳôã˵ô

ӳȻҲתˣѷɴӵ绰קתһתôġ
ǰʱҲûҰӳȻҧгݵ˵СûĵģŸҷֿбˣ
Цÿģü۶Цˡ
ĴҲ㣬ԼͺˣҸﻹҪǸڱЦ˵ҳɣܲϣѧУ˵˶ûаɣ
ʵϣӳȻԷ˵û˵ͻ֪ɵԸ񣬿ǱߵѧУôãӳȻûʲô
˵տ쿪ҵ˰ɣӳȻͻȻʵ
ţɱԾĻŪһ㶣˵ǿ쿪ҵˣҰ˵Ԫ֮ǰÿҵǶʱã׬ء
Ǿͺð˰ӳȻ˵͸Сͬ˵Ǽҵĵ쿪ҵˣͣô
Ծͷ˸޵ӳȻû뵽Դͦʹ
ǡſˣӳȻܵ⣬ǻعʵҿҵʱҪȷ˼ǵø˵Ұ߶Ҫȥˡ
֪˵ʱ䲻ˣİɣ
ӳȻ˵ɾͰѵ绰Ҷˡ
ӳȻƲƲ죬÷˳ǰ˳󣬻ĺܣ


78 
տĿҵӶµ15, ԪǰҵԪʱ׬һǮ, ڵʱҲ׬١
˺÷ͷ֮⣬ֶ˼ˡ
һʦҲںæ˻֮߰ģҲæĿǰ÷ԱеʱҲḺк˵˺ϲˡ
ΪԼģҲĸտҵʱû⣬ϽЩϤھǶ, ǹԳԺȺȣҵһ׿ˢܴۡ
ɰϢ˺ǣҵҲû, Ҳûܾ, Ū÷ġ
ҵ, ӳȻԼһ֮, ҲҦҲˡ
ҦڸӳȻһĿˣ尢̽еһҲԲ, 褻ͦϲǿҦӳȻ顣
ӳȻû˱Լ鵽ȥƨĹȷǱԼǿ
ҵֻܲܿ, װǽɫ, Ԣſҵ
ſڣӳȻſɼտĴСտꡣ
ˣڶ֪жܳˡ
ɴԼҲڿҵǰ֪ĸĵӴ˵ʱͨ죬ھǵЦ˺þá
˺ˣôҲûʲô˵İӳȻŷЦü䣺ǲǣ
ˡ
ҦҲЦԷ˵⻰ɱ˵Ȼ尢̿ǻĵġ
ƺһû˵
ҵһ׵ǺֵģȻҲ㲻Сˣǰǰ20ҲǶƵģмǵ¯Աߵİťһܿȶ˰һϿ¯ͿԳտˣǳʵá
÷Աæ÷𣬺ǱҲϵϲˣжŨĻζ
ĴΧһӳȻСѵһ
ӳȻϺʷɣǸСͬ첻
֪ɿϺ˺ѵΪʲôŵ㣿ϺӦ÷
ϲİ
ϺҲӦ÷ģ
Ҧֿʼͺεҡҡͷÿں̣һӾʹԣӳȻһ˻ȥ
û졣
ͬ˵
Ҧ˸ۣԼԸҪ
***
Ҫȥģ
ǵ豧أ׼ŵŮüͷ˵òѵһ٣㲻ڼҴŸϰΣִʲôȥ
ſڴЬ˵ͬѧҵĵ쿪ҵȥ
˼ҵ꿪ҵʲôϵüʵĸͬѧеŮģʲô֣ɼô
Ƿɣͬ
衮Ŷһ͵֪ǸͬѧУʱɼУܽǰʮ˵οԾ»һٶˣʲôأ
ѧϰͦġ
ʲôã֪滹Ǽ棿迴ԼŮģ߹ק˫˵׼ȥοԿôǱͬˣڼҸӣﶼȥ
ǿĸıͼ͸ɵ
裬ȥͻ಻һСʱǸԼ󣺡ϣҹȥҡҴӦ˵ġ
˵˲׼ȥͲ׼ȥѵ֪֪趼ΪãֲʲôΪʲôˣ꼶һЩѧӦøѣ߰ѧ
߰ˣҲˣĸ׻ﻰⶼǶԷɵֻ֪һõŮӣŲʲô߰ˣ
ԼǱԼŮͻĴһǳĹһקԼ˫ͷҲصˣ¥ʱĺܿ죬Լĸ¥ֵ
һкǶȥᣬȥɵǲ˳һ
ҲˣǸյվ̨ˣպһλһ·Ҳȫ̵ƣƺÿһ¶ǰʾӦȥɵġ
ľǶԵġ
ʵģǱԼĶĿĵسڴ
շɷĵַҵտʱ򣬾Ϳ˵֣ɵЦ
Сɣ
ԭɼ˶ôô
ǵԺͷ޸ùϵԼǲҲô
յеȣʱеţ濴˿һӵƺûзɵӰ
ˣ
Ӧð⸽һտ꿪ҵ
ð
÷վſ˰죬͹к˵ԷĻ˵İ
ʵ𣿡
Сɵİ÷˵ͬѧ
ǣͬ
ͬС˵㣬˵ѧϰرǲǣ
۾΢΢Цʵ𣿡
Ҳ㾭ɡ÷źڵ￴˿ָһλ˵СɺȻȻģȥ˰ͬѧ㲻ȻȹȥŰɣҸøꡣ
ô鷳ģҳԹģǹס˺÷Ӱһֹúɫ˿šҵ󼪡
ҸŪһС򣬲󣬻ŪġǺԺ÷˵ףǿҵ󼪡
÷ôµĺӣЦлл㣬ɵԵ㣬ǼҵζҲðȥСȥˣ⺢ôأ
Ǳ˿Աߣ˿ڵĻаڷϵꡣ
ˣ
룬ǿ϶ǷɡӳȻǸҦ˰ɣ˹ϵá
÷Χˣ֪Ҧƺ˸绰ҴˣɺӳȻ˺ȥ˺š
ţʵ
÷ָָԱߵλãԺ˵Ǳ߾Ǻˣ÷˵ȥҷɣڽæӦһԺ˵ȥСɰɣæˡ
ǵ˵ͷȥæɣԼȥ
Ⱥ÷æȥ󣬺ǲתȥҷǡ
ſųŵζִ̱ǣǺĺǿæѺƿ
ƿžǵСӣһ㶼ǷЩʳĻտҵﲢûж
Ĵһ£ͿڽӰƹһ󣬱ͣ˽Ų
ֻӳȻѷɵǽϣеǡ
ɵ۾ţ˫糺죬ˮǽ˫ִӳȻļ˴ݽڣǵûȻҡ
ӳȻһֻ§ŷɵһֻĺףϡܹ˹ŵĺɫͷĺԴһƬհס
ॡ
ǺһСײԱ߶ѷŵһƾɵĸֹܣڵϷ˺ô
һ̧ͷǱ㿴ѾƿӳȻ˶һȵĿ˹
ˣ
ҡ
ǾԼ˿Ӧ˵ʲôŶԣĿƵķۣͷʲôҲû˵תͷˡ
Ҳһ˾ʲôᣬȻ񡭡Ҳûʲôᣬºǻ˵ȥʱɾˡ
㣡ɵӳȻһ۾Ҫȥ׷ȴӳȻץס˸첲
ȥɡӳȻԷ˵ҿ϶׷


79 
Դľľ, ڿɺӳȻǵʱԴհһƬ
ƹֵȺ뿪˵, һ·첽վ̨ȥ
ǣ
ûȺǶ㴫ӳȻʶͣ˽Ųתͷ׷ˡ
ӳȻ촩źɫ£һɫ޷ɫܰס
ϲľ
ǲףӳȻ˵ûڽôΪʲôһǣ
ӳȻ߹ʱ򣬾ͿѯԼ, Է˵µʲô
ҺͷɵĹϵϣ㲻Ҫ߱ˡӳȻץʱ˵ص㣺ƤҲûӦһҪǱ֪鷳
ƽӳȻĻ, ƮƮʵϲ𣿡
ӳȻĬſ˿, ̫ȷ˵Ӧϲİɡ
Ҫǲϲ, Լôܺôأ
Ҳϲ
ǵĻӳȻ΢΢һ, ǰλ̷Ĺüͷ˵ϲɣ
Էûзϣ̹Ȼ̧ͷӳȻ, ˵ϲûڽĻһлġ
ͬѧӳȻü, ĵйȻûԼһʼ;СͬԷɵ̬ȲԾ, û뵽ȻԼǽǡ
ӳȻɫĶ˵ǲϲģȰ㻹Ǳ׷
û˵ֻ侲Ŀǰˡ
ʱվƳһȷԼҪĳ󣬲תӳȻ˵ȥ߷ɣǲ˵ġ
ӳȻ˹뿪ˡ
˵Ļܵ
ȥѧУ˵ɣ
ӳȻ·ϻĥҲӦãǲ˵ԼҲϲôôӦòȥԷɲ顣
ôţӳȻ߽˵
÷ӳȻʹչ˵ոҿǸͬȥˣȥǳˣ
ӳȻԭŵһӾЦԺ÷˵ûе°̣еȻȥˣͲԷˣûܰôܳܣǺѡ
÷ģӳȻ˵ҿСͬѧͦõģأһҪúദ˼ѧϰѧϰرȻȻѧϰ˵ϴο˰ﵹһǲģ
ϰ̣ǶǼǰˣϴ¿ҿȫ20ء
Ҳаĳɼץ֪𣿡
֪֪ˣȥæɡ
ӳȻԼ߶æˣԼڵ￴һۣѾλϵķɡ
ů㣬ӳȻ޷αϣְѻĻ˵һЩӣſ˿һֱԼķɣ˵˵߱˵ġ
ģɲʵ
Ȼģô˵ġӳȻŷɵְοοȴһ˦
ҡɿ˿ԶԼ裬ƫͷȥӳȻԺڹϲҪֶŵġ
ӳȻ
аȡ
ؾصλϵӳȻšཹཡðݵĻ淭ڵӺƬС˵ɣҪһȥѧУǶ˵ʲôĻɵöҡ
ɱ仰˵ģʵʲô
ûʲôӳȻæҪҡͷ˵ѧʱҲҡ
Ժ˺ߣӳȻͳֻǷһЩϢӳȻܲζ
˷ӳȻһɷȴͬ⣬ߴӳȻȥϰ
***
һʱ򣬷ľѧУ
Դײ֮󣬷ǺܵģǷϢԷظҲûǰôѸˣǰأҪðŻطһ䡣
һظǾ䲻̲ģͺϤİˡ
ԽıҪ磬ҵʱ򣬾Ϳղ̫һͬѧǡ
ҪǰҶܰԼλţɽƺС˽ڷɽʱҵĿˢˢĿ˹
ɾòԾɴҲûпãͷ·ոֵֻԼĴֿʼָյС
˵Ҳ֣ϰû粻̫һ
һ¡
ɾú֣˴ԹŮͬѧС֪ǽôûô
Ů˷һۣƱϵ۾˵ˣǱνе˰칫ҡ
칫ң
ɺɵĿΪʲôȥ칫˰
Ůֿ˷һۣ˵ǵҲˣҪ֪Լȥ칫ʰɡ
ɲԣȥ칫ҿһ
ͬʱڰ칫ȴһ
ϵͦõģΪʲôҪתİ༶վԼǰѯʵ
üԺ˵㿴ڵĳɼǰѧϰãΪǸͬˣԳɼ»ôء
ǵġ
ʲôǣҪΪǸзɵͬѧϰ˲ôתͷ԰˵ʦǲ֪òϢһ죬ŶԵĲӣãǸзɵͬȥˣҲȥҴеģ˵˵ĺ𣿡
ԼǿʶᶼҪˣ챿֪ӦôͲźá
ǲǳȥ棬ԼҲȥһСʱͻˣķˣΪʲôҪ˵Ļ
Լĸһ߿࣬һѧϰֻԼԴʼͷĿѣһӾҪˤһ
ףΪʲôԼҪô˵
ѾնԷİ
Ҫ
ѵֻкȥͣ
ʦ
ʱںǵ񾭲Ͽһ˲䣬˷ɵ
еĸо»һľľתͷվڰ칫ſڵˣɡ
ɿ˿ɫҰ׵ĺǣ߽칫԰˵ҸոնˣҼһ꿪ҵȥҼͣǳȥ档
οһۣ˵֪ˡ
ֿ˿ĺ裬˵Ǹ涼ܺõѧɼһֱȶż»ʲô̻ǲҪô˵ˡ
Ƿɣ迴˿ǰСԭΪС̫ãڿԷģƯɣҲܺãԼȫͬ
ǵģ̡ɵ˵ͷҾǺǵͬ
ɫ΢΢˵㣬ɻ˵ܽ˵ʲôǶҪתģѾζ˵ˡȥʰʰɣϵһÿΡ
˵ģûѯʹԷҲӺǵľֱܾ
ǴԼҲԼ˵ʲôĸ׸ıֻܰһͷһ߳˰칫ҡ
ǡ
źǰԼĶʰãɲŵԲ𡣡
̧ͷ˿¶˸οЦݣʲôǸûйϵ
ңҲתİ༶
ǱԼĿαŷɵ˵ʵҸͬʱܿģ⼸ĵˡ
ɺ۾
Է˵ѹҾȥڰϿζѣʱ㻹ܼҵġ
ȥһɵϱŵĿαֶأ鲻֡
һ
ɰʰȥ˸ڵĽңһŵλãԭٶ˵䣬ɺվԱ߳Ŀŷɣûʱ˵ϼ仰


80 
ԴӺǰᵽ˸ڽ, ɾһһӡ
߰ƺ˸ͬѧҲûʲôоÿѧϰ, úϿΡ
ȻҲȥҺǣɱϾѧϰǿˣ˾ͬһ¥ĸڽңһ滹еѶȵģƽҲǳԷʱԼһ
һϢǾǷɵĸԺ˳ͨˡ
¼ȡϵ֣ɱշ˺ǺӳȻҦҲһݡ
ӳȻ췴ӦģŪ˸Ⱥ, ҦҲһŪ˸Ⱥ
ϲͨ~
Ҧ˸Ⱥ˵ȺУȷѧУ˰ɣ
ӳȻҲ˸˵ɲ, ǻòμӸ߿ء
ɣ˵ҺòμӸ߿һ, ллĴ
ӳȻҲ˺, ôллң
ɣͷ6Ǯĺ, СˣҲŲл㡿
Ҧţôŷ6Ǯ
ӳȻֻôǮ, Ȼſڳϰ廻һ£ٸ㷢ġ
ɣ˰ɣҲȱǮ
ӳȻ˸ѹı顣
˵Ϊտ鵢˲ٵѧҵ, ȥϰ⣬ӳȻȥ𣿡
ӳȻȥ, ȥ㣿
ɣԼſڼͺˣǳȥһҡ
ӳȻаӣ
ɣ8ɡ
Ҧ8궼ûŰɣ
ӳȻòиĩ9ȥҲС
ɣĩ˯Űڼһ׾ӣ9ſڼɡ
ӳȻ˸OKı飬Ҧȥȥ
Ҧȥ㡿
ӳȻ
ɣ
ҦһƬƵķϡܿŸˣͷϻһ
㷢ˡ
Ҧ˵ȥɣͱˣæ
ӳȻ°ͣҦ˸飬ףɹ
˳ȺĴڣӳȻ͸ȥ˸绰
ɿ˿룬˶٣Ų鲻ԸĽ
ӵ绰ôӳȻߺ˵ǲǲҵ绰
ôء˵Ϲ绰Ҹﻹأ
ǲǲң
ҸҪԼȥأ
ӳȻ˵ĺеһӾͰ˵ķڷ
ɣϴθ˵ǸСͬתİˣڻϵ𣿡ӳȻ
аҲɡɿԼϵԾñʸͷ˵ƽҲ棬ͳԷʱյһ𡣡
ӳȻԾʵû˵ʲôֵĻɣ
ֵĻ
ɲʵֵĻʲô
ӳȻ֧֧û˵ף˵Ӧûûס
Ҳûʲô9ȥ꣬ڻ˯𣿡ӳȻæ
ҵ⻹û꣬׾Ӿ˯ˡ˵ĩҲż
ӳȻֺ߶߶˼䣬Ĺ˵绰
һӳȻˣ褳ͿԼҵĺùŮʼϡˣʱϡΧӳȻ˺ü顣
ȻȻ̫߳ˣôϷˣ褿ŹﹾཹðݵİϡʵҺҲûôģ
ӳȻ˵Լ28ɣֻܶԼĸ˵ոʲôѵİô̳̣οŮҳѧϰУѧɶ졣
褱ĻЦˣεҡҡͷ˵㰡Ҳ֪Ǵɵ
˰ϡ֮⣬ӳȻ°Ȼ̯һڳıϡټӵ̲ˣͦ
ӳȻʰ˲һ̧ͷ8Ӷû
ԼǼλģȥﶼͦ㣬ҪǴ󣬲ȫһˡ
껹׬ǮҵٹСﶼûӰӣɼˣѧҪϰģԽѧ鱾ϰɲ
ݲݵʰһ¶ӳȻǰˣȹһ䣬Ҫʲô顣
ĩͦ࣬ӳȻĿĵһȦڰ9ӣͳֻɷ˸Ϣ
ӳȻ˵ˣ
ɹ˺һŻظſ~
ŻظĲߣӳȻ;ģ޲ھͳȥźݺݵڡ
°ֻضӳȻæȥſڣյſھͿһķŷݿڶԼǺӳȻôû
ɡ
ӳȻ䲻ĳڷ󣬰һ
ô˰ɺĿһۣ˵겻9Ӳſ𣿡
˭˵ģҵ˵ͿˣҸԱһġӳȻЦЦǣ˵Ѿ˰СʱˣҪٲҶˡ
ɻûӦͱӳȻŽꡣ
˽ûȥϰ⣬ڲͬԱ߹˹䣬˿ĳ
иȤľĵ鱾ҳҲ֪Լǲܶ࿴ЩģҲǿ˸ͷѡ
ҪҪȥӰӳȻͻȻԷ˵ҿһܻƬĺܺãһֱȥûʱ䡣
ǰʱÿĩҪȥϿΣڲôˣӳȻʹŵѯһ¡
ҡҡͷӳȻ˵һӰСʱأһ׾ӣ˰ɡ
ӳȻæƵǰ˵Ǻóʱ䶼ûһ𿴵Ӱˣ΢ȥһҲûʲôɣСʱһϰֱ¥ȥܿ
Աͣ˽Ų۾˵ӳȻ㲻ѾƱ˰ɣ
ӳȻЦ¶С˽ҡ
ĵһۣƹӳȻǰߣ治ҪҽУ˶಻á
˽ܽ𣿡
˽ҲС
ȻܾˣӳȻ֪ɾӲִչ˵һϰȥûܳԶٷ
ҲΣӳȻƱˣȥҲʵ˷ѣοҲһʱģֻڴ껻˵ӰԺѡ
ϰ⣬˵Ӱȥһڵ緹
ӳȻɿӰȻ˶ٷΪСޣԵһ¥ʳǵ̡
ԷʱɻֻӳȻһըɳֻЦĿľʵʲôأ˭㷢ϢЦôġ
ɰһۣȴЦ˵ǳ½ǻȥô˵ҸԹ˸ҼҸ߿ͣȡóɼ
ӳȻһǳ½ھͷˣѷϲĵ۳ڶԷ˵½ڸĵʲôﰡǼĵô
Ǽ֮ŸҵģҲ֪ĵʲôɳĵ۳ȥ˵ֱӼĵѧУģһܶܵ
ѧУʱڼҳԼĵѧУҲûʲô⡣
ŷɳԵĸСèһӳȻεҡҡͷֽݹȥ˵ǣǽ֭
˳Ա̲裬Ǯǳ׻ˣ׼ظ
͵˹վ̨ӳȻɵȷͣ˵˸ҷϢ
֪Χ￴ӳȻһۣε˵軹߶
˵껹˻Сȭͷ
ӳȻĶЦˣպùҲˣɱ˳ټ


81 
ԽԽ, ѩӭ˸졣
ԪѧУ󷢴ȱĸ꼶ͬѧһ٣ӳȻڵ֪ѧУҲ˼ٺ, Լ˳ȥ档
ʲôݽӳȻԼɫ޷վ·߶Զ˵ǸһüģôãӦöЦһЦô
Ҧڹվ̨ŶȳԴһ˵˵ҶɷɲкַܶʽôȥϷȥɿڣݷʲô˼
Ҳ̧ͷҲ͵ɽͷΪ֮ǰ¹һѩ, ɽǰװһƬֻһǰīɫ΢΢۾ʵҪȥô
³ǹ󡣡ӳȻ˵ôᣬɽ˵ġ
ӳȻĶҪҦε̾˿, ӹվ, Է˵߰, ɵɽһ졣
ҦĻ÷̲סЦ, ̵ƸӳȻСܹȥԶ˵ˣͱƽ, ԪݷҲٰҿûð˾߶ûطͣ
Ҽ˾ͣλǿרҵ, 㻹ǰɣĲϲ, ˽ҳ
ҲС
Ԫв˶㣬ɽ·ϵˣ͵ˣѧģ˻ٵġ
ӳȻɽ˰ɽƽ̨عͷ˿ŵˣЦ¶С
Ҳ̫˰ɣӳȻ˵ھͿʼˣ⻹ʣһô
ҦѾˣָӳȻԼᡣ
ɻãҲֻҦ΢ôһ㣬ӳȻߵƽ̨㴭Ŵ飺ǣǣϢһ°ɡ
ǺðɡӳȻ̾ҡҡͷ˸ֽɾԱߵλã
ڳϢŰɽÿķ羰ɾɹ˶ůˡ
ɡӳȻͻȻƫͷߵˣʵ½ڸĵʲôôҶˡ
Ҳûʲô쳤ȣϥ˵ĵѧԺһЩƬк˵ĺ֮ģŬԣȡѧ
ҦαҲȣһֻ׵ţܡ
½ڻͦİҦͷųҶ˵ĳɼȥӦûʲô⣬ҲѧҲûʲô⣬ͿӳȻˡ
ɵЦ˵ܿϴѧˡ
ӳȻҲĶԶ˵Խ㰡һǼܿǵĴѧ
ôϵĻӦ0ͷŶԣڶɶʱ˲ûⰡ
ⲻǽ˯˲ôͷ㲻һԪգҴڹٰһΣ˿ҵĳ⡣
ӳȻܻҲ룬Ъò˼˺̡
󣬷㻹ŶӣһŶһྣòŵԼ֮⻹˵Ǯ
࣬Сж㻨Ǯأͱѡ
ɽѣɽҲûôס
Ҧɽµ˫ȶһͿʼԼϥǣýԼʵ̫ˣһԼѡһԼϲԵ˲Ǯ
СӾڵĹţԭӳȻĥŷɲϳ½ڵĿˣĩܵпոԼ˰ɣ
ϻع꣬ӰͦõôԼСһ
ɷȴԴǵĶӳȻ˵ѾĩȥѧϰˣˣҪųȥ档
˿ڴϺͷɡҹ̸ӳȻһͦӾʵĩôϿΰ
ϿΡɶӳȻ͵ѧУסУôĩҲȥڽѧϰǱѧȥڼöˣÿĩȥǱԼѧϰ
ڷɼҵĵ꿪ҵˣΪζر𣬷ɰıȷɶҪ磬ÿ춼ˣ˻Լ
ȻĲóԣҲʱ䣬ֱȥѧУʳá
㻹ˡ
뷨˵尢ͬ⣿
ÿæŵ飬ûչңͲѧҪڼء
˵꣬εĶӳȻ˵Ҫ˵Ҳôˣ֮ǰѧϰƻѧôˣĩ㰲ôôп͵ģ
ӳȻһѧϰͷίί˵ռƻأÿ춼ڿҿҵģ԰֤
ɺ˺Сӣÿɷ
ɡӳȻ뵽˸⣬Է˵ĩȥѧУԴֻİɣǲƵҲܶ࿴㡣
Ծһ㶣ȻǺһ˵ʲô㿴ʮ˻û尡
ӳȻЦ˵ٿʮҲ尡
ҡͷ˵ԽԽˣֻ18ô
ӳȻίĺߺڴϴͣ
ȻɰٰʱǴֻȥѧУӳȻƵǼලԷûаʱԼõѧϰƻ
ĩѧУҲ٣󲿷ֶУס޵ѧ
ɿƵҲҸӳȻ˵ֻԼλϰдžӣż̧ͷ˿ӳȻÿӳȻǰܵ˷ɵһ̧ͷһۡ
Ū÷ɸĲ˼
ññԼ°ͣӳȻʵ̸̫Сˣĩһ𻹵ÿƵԵġ
ǣҲͦԷġ
ддžӶͿʼˣӳȻñһס̧ͷͿɺͮͮĶ⡣
ţ
ӳȻĴս˿˿ſ֣дžӻܰд죬Ǿϳʲôٶ˵Ķ
ɡ
ƵͻȻӳȻ÷ʶ̧ͷ˿Χͬѧ
ڴѧϰ棬ӳȻرԲûлͷ
ɲõĵӳȻһۣ˵úдԾ
ӳȻЦüۣԾͷǰ̽ͷ̽Ե˵Ҳᣬܳոҽ𣿡
һ£ͷյĻǰ˿Ҳ֪Ƶķֱ⣬ӳȻһֱڶǿĲ̫
⡣ɶӳȻ˵շҰɣҿô
ӳȻæԾ£Ȼֻ˸գ˷ɡ
ɵ㿪˵촰ڿһۣ˵ⲻѰǸտѧͽˣǲϿûע
ӳȻŷɸдֻĽ⣬Ļ˲ɵĵ̾˿
ŽƽʱƯһ㣬ΪǵĽҸ
ŵÿƽҲģñʵҲÿ
ŵ촽ۺģӳȻѾʼͷɽǵЩˡ

š
ھס
ɽ⣬ӳȻڶ澹Ȼʼ˴һӾͲˣ˵⽲Ƿǰɣ
ûСӳȻί˵أǾǰʱƯˡ
㶡
ӳȻЦЦսͷ˵ɣ𣿡
ȻӳȻСҷڽʱʹ˶ⷬһæҵİƵˡ
ӳȻ
ţ
æֻɷϢţҵƵ˵ûİ
ɷȥþ÷ɶûлظӳȻַһšʱ򣬾ͿԼɫСԱ߸һɫĸ̾š
á
ŲˣѸɾˡ


82 
ӳȻһ춼ĺܽ, ڷûаĵ绰ڣҹ̸ʱӳȻĸ˵˲ٵĺû, ǿǿİĺ¼ӻ
ĴڱҪǰ٣ԺٷŵʱҲǰ
ЩǸѧʲôϵأ
ҪǽĩûУԺٶӳȻ˵ϾǸ衣
Ƕ˼˼Ÿһҡ
Ǳ߾Ϳˣֻ˳Ϧ죬ʱ䰲ŵ
ߵҽԺûмڣǰŵֵ࣬Ա, ĩʱ䣬ڼĳʼŪ
裬⵽껹кþأôھͿʼŪˣӳȻζ˳
ըܲӣһСӴĻڼ, һҨӽ͹, ѾըĽƵܲӺܿͻһ
ҴǼֵ, Щ͵ǰŪһըһ߶ӳȻ˵÷ⲻǸտҵô, æ϶ûըЩըǼҲһȥ
ӳȻиϰ, ǾǹʱҪըöը
ըܲӣըƤը, ըָĶЩը, ʱһζɿڵĲȡ
ӳȻըܲˣ˿̿Ŵŵĸճ¯ըӣӳȻһ

ճըӻе̣ӳȻһﴵһ˵裬ը㣬Ҳըӡ
֪εҡҡͷ̳˸ճӲԲ¡ըܲӣӳȻ˵һȥôĵط㵲ʲôҵ𣿡
ҲϢϢӳȻӹ꣬СճըӾ׼褿˾ͳ̫࣬绹аأͷԲ£
İ裬Ҳܳӵģ
ӳȻݣ룬ĸŴ˷һƵ롣
ڷˣŷɵѾ㲻ˣҪɿƵ
ҲƵͻȻſдԾأԱߵֻĻſӳȻƵ롣
ε̾˿ҵϣƵĽ
ſϣС͵һӳȻ
أ͵͵ġӳȻ˿Ļ֪ȥѧУѧϰˣ㲻ɵĸ̾ԼĺŬҪٿϴѧľݡ
ѧУϰ㲻֪ôͷҲ̧ļҵСĻشĵⲻᰡĸң㷢ƵҲĿ
ǣ첻ġӳȻԼС룬ЦӯӯĶԷ˵㿴ըܲӣ㲻ô
Ծʹչ˿ӳȻҲµİСŲ˹ĸ
Цըӿóԡ
óԣҲءӳȻջ룬Է˵˵Ǽըһݣæŵ϶ûŪһͷЩǴȥ
˹궼һʲôָһңԽȻһˣϰһʱǸĲŰһ¡
ԥƬ̱ҲûнϾӳȻҵķҲһεˣЦ˵ǺðҰʱȷæڵҹˣǹƹ궼ڼҴˡ
ӳȻҲ⣬֪ʱ󲿷˶ż٣Ƕʱõġ
ɰտζֺãѵô˶λÿ϶ǲܷŹλģǿ˷ɣʱȥڼһ˹
ɣʱҪҪҼҰӳȻ飺ôæʱҲ˲㣬ҼҺúùꡣ
룬ҡҡͷ˵ˣһҰһꡣ
ڵҲûϵ
ûϵ
Ц˵ֻҪһһﶼܹڵҰ軹ܿ꣬ҹ꣬Ҳͦõô
̬ôãӳȻҲͷˡ
ԭΪɻüįϾɰ趼ֻ⣬Ϣͷһغ͸ĸڵꡣ
о仰˵ĶԣֻҪһһﶼܹꡣ
ӳȻ䲻Լ괺ڣΪĸ괺ԭӦһ˹ģɺ÷ӳȻӵ˼ĸ˹ꡣ
ӳȻÿ궼ڷɼҹģôѾȥʮˡ
룬һ
һжˣ˵ţƽƽıʲôҪ
ǺðɡӳȻЦ˵ըЩҾ͸͹ȥǰ绰
ɵ˵ͷðҾ͵Ȱ̵ը
˷ֿʼըˣӳȻæ˳ȥ˵̫С̫úѧϰҡ
4ʱ褾Ͱ˵Ķըˣ³ĻȺ·ڴ˲óԣӳȻѾ͸˵ĸɼҴȥȾܳԡ
ٳǰӳȻɴ˸绰ʰ˶׼ߣȴӳȻ
һվ·ѧУſڣͲôҿ쵽˸˵һٳҲ١
ӳȻһóԵ˹ĵˢ˹ŶԷ˵ʲôǳȥԣ
аŵ绰룬˵ҼҵԱ¿һϲϲԣ
аɡ
ǾͳˣҰ˵ζһֱû
ð~
˵绰ɼӿٶȰļ꣬ӳȻ绰֮ǰʰ뿪ѧУ
յվ̨ûãӳȻˡ
ӳȻڳʱͳɻ˻֣˾žЦ˹
ôôడɾȵĿӳȻӣʵǸǼҵô
ȻأӳȻЦ˵ôԶܹܾܲ㿴һûȥɣ
Ҳ̫ˣǼҾˣԵꣿ
Щűܷźþã尢ܵóԷɣ϶ܽġ
˵ţӳȻֶԷ˵Ҹůů֡
ɵһۣŴչָǣ
ӣһζɣǣӳȻ֣ź֪ʵ
ΪôӳȻģ
ôܣӳȻæ͵˺ü㣬ҵָɾأ϶ûζġ
ɺ˺ߣûƽϡ
ȥ˵Щըﶼ˺÷÷ôණҲȵĲˣӳȻҲ㶫ߣȴֺҲûʲôܸ
ˣ̡ӳȻվڷԱ˵Ǽôæ˵϶ŪЩҴˡ
÷п˵Ƕ಻˼ܵôʲôȥɣȻȥʲôӴϡ
ӳȻ˵ؼҵľǷˣɿ϶ô˵ͿľܾˣЦŶԺ÷˵ҺͷȥԱۣ߳æɣ绰ͳɣ
˵꣬ӳȻŷˡ
˵¿ǼλòԶܿⲻŸյ˾ˣպʣһλá
º͵ۣһЩӷһֵӡ
ǲǸĩ˰ɿſĿԼǰˡ
ţ¸ĩԡӳȻ˵˷ŸĩȻϿΡ
ҲǡЦſ˿ӳȻЦʵҿͦŬģܲٿһ˰ɣ


83 
ӳȻ䲻ıųЦ, ǸʤһӾͱըˣ־ĶԷ˵͵Ű, ĩԿ϶и״Ԫ㡣
һ⻰֪ڴţ̲סЦü۵㰡ܽȫǰʮͲԪҺͰո㡣
ӳȻҲЦ˰鶼
˷ӳȻĵûᣬˬ˻ؼҵĹ÷ɾø졣
ʵӳȻҲ᲻ţ˵ˣҪȫǰʮ
ǰʮܵŬŬ
˵ŵʱ, ͻԼء
ֲ뷨ӳȻǶʱѧϰоͷһ̬ƽ͵Ҧú£ʼһѧϰ
1µףУӭĩԡ
Է, ɼˡ
ӳȻεŬû׷, Ȼûȫǰʮ, ƽʱ˲, ĵڿϿ30롣
ҦĳɼǸģǰſŵСβ͡
ӳȻɼҦе, ϾҦļҽ̻˲ǮɻǺƽûʲôöԷ˳ΪԵʡ
ҦԾ֮Ա, ˦һס
ٽ11ʱӳȻǰɿƵԹ
˵, Ŀ춯ɵ֣񡣡ӳȻ϶˵Ư϶ʲô֪Ľչ
û̧ͷñʸӴ˴ԼԹӣƵҲᴫȾ𣿡
ӳȻɶ
Ƴֻһۣ˵˵ƽҲˣɵĿ϶Ǳ㴫Ⱦˡ
ԩӳȻԩƽʱߵýԽҲû˵ᴫȾɲԩң
ҡҡͷӳȻԼûˡ
˵ӳȻܻ˽½зţտʼɻٵĲӦҲ֪ǲǽϰˣżӳȻʱСšɻڶ桮šһϵĸĬ
ӳȻдһ⣬һʰһʷɣѧУĩԳɼҲ˰ɣ
˰˵ͳ˰
ôҽأȰȰ˰죬ΪѧУûɼء
ҲûҰ
ӳȻеǿʶˣֲøֻ֣ܺԺĺʵ㿼˶ٰǲ˲ˣ
̧ͷһۣñ˵Լѧϰɼ˲ˡ
֮ǰΪտķ˲ѧҵɼһǧɣʦйȥüˣںò׿տȫĵͶ뵽ѧϰУԼ˲
ӳȻȫ裬ЦŴԱߵԾչʾƲˣҿıöˣѾܽǰһˣ
ӳȻЦ֣ܽǰһأǼҷɣ
˸⣬СβͶҪˣ
ûݾݰȰȰȵ룬㵽ѧϰĻİ褶һݸӳȻһ۾˵ҿҲ˯Ū˵㶫ӹ˼ǵˢ˯
֪ӳȻӹ̸㣬ǷϲԵķ֡
̺áֻ褴к
СҲû˯Ҿ˵ȻȻݸ˭ء褿ɾϲڵ֪ԷĩɼĲ͸ˣԼŮúûġ
ɼġ褶Է˵ǼȻȻԸļƵģһһһġ
ӳȻ죺裬ҾͿһصһôܰ˵أ
ЦüۣСôʲôô
⵹Ҳǡ
ԺɾˣӳȻԼǰҲûʲô˼ġ
ߺӳȻŶԷ˵ڷżٵʱȥɣ
̧ͷĿ
ò׹ڣǾֻǼ죬ҲѧϰӳȻҶˣ迴꣬ҰҪֵ࣬ʱҲû˹ǣȥȪ
ȪɻûݹȪأԾͺʵȪô
Ȫ϶ûеģֵĵطв١
ǰӳȻӴͻʱ;ȥֵطܷܽѹȪҲã󲿷ֿͻͦġ
ûȥֵطҪӾôʡ
еҪеĲҪӳȻ˵һҲУԼܹǸɾһЩ
ɻԥӳȻͼӰѾȰƱȥܴһأͺ͵ԣɣ÷Ϸͦõģȥɡ
ȥȥʡ
Ҫĺý㣬ģҶ֪׳ûɡ
ǡҸҰ˵һ
ӳȻô˵Ҳеģûݹأо϶ҪԼڼ˼ࡣ
ӳȻ˿ڱ˵ЦУҵػ
Ƶɰ¸÷һ˵ҲûʲôֲǸ˳ȥ棬ӳȻô֪֪׵ھСﻹʲôµģ
˵ȷͦæģ˵Ϧ춼û㺢ӡ
ô£ĸҲڼżٳȥҲ޿ɺǡ
ӳȻյɷϢʱˢϢЦ˻Сˢ˱ѡ
***
ĩԵĳɼĲá
׼ȷ˵ǡáǡǳ
ԭǵķڰ༶ȶǰ壬еʱܽǰ꼶Ҳûе50⣬ĩԲһҲ֪ôӵģԭĿҲһͿɼֱӵ200⡣
ʡصȫ£Ҳ˵ӣǵķһӵô࣬αֱӽ˼ҳ
ɼ죬ǲûи߸ĸԼεĿԳɼҲ£ֻǸ߸ĸȥѧУҡ
޿ɺǵľ䵽˺ͷϣڶһ͸һȥѧУ
Ů˿ǵĳɼʱֻһĨڡ
ôģôģ
վеԾҲΧѧ˻ߵĳǺʮ꣬Ϳĳɼң
ǿԼ裬Բ𡭡
˵ԲʲôãԲԲԼ
趼ҪˣΪŮܿóɼԭнĹˣڼźǸ߿ÿŻóԵģϣܿóɼ
ڣɼһ»ˣ˸200кܲ裿
˵ָźǵıʵǲˣ
ҡͷûУ裬ҡ
žžž
ܻץԾ͸ƣǵһ˲ϵѪɫҲûˣԴ˵ֱ졣
Լ˫ϺϣƺԼ
Է˵ʲô
ΧѧĿ⣬ĸ׷˷һӣںǵƺŤ
ÿЩΪ˭Ϊ㰡
ĳɼرҵģ
㿼ӣ
𽥻ָĸ˻ߵŭ𣬰߹źƺ˵ʲôק˰칫ҡ
ϵͬѧǿź۵ĺ棬Χһ˽ƺڳЦ
˻ΪʲôҪôأ
˵ĻǲǾûٹԼˣ
ĸײ˻ߵķӣʦͬѧҲԼ۷׷ס
룬Լ˵ĻӦöõİɡ
Ǵ¥ȥʱΧͬѧ˭ûзӦšءһ죬յһ¥ķɱ㿴ϤԼǰ


84 
ˡ
ҦŻӳȻ, չ˵ʡصѧǱߣ˵ѧ¥ˡ
ӳȻԾ̧ͷ, ҦŵʵǸ𣿡
Ҧ¶ĵ˵ͷʱ˸ģĸ꼶пΰ
ӳȻ׷ʵô֪ģ
Ҵֻ˰ҦӿڴֻӳȻǰһ¾ջȥˣ˵ǰͬѧƸҵϢҵȥˣǽϵ顣
֪ǼôӳȻüͷʵ
Ǹİɡ
ӳȻԾ˿˵߰ģӦûɶ¡
Ҳô˵߰಻ڸôҦЩģӳȻ˵㲻Ȼҵֻ绰һ£
ʲôӳȻ˵ѧֻ, ڴҲû취Ӱ
⵹ҲǡҦԱתԴпʡصҲû찡¥Ķѧϰõġ
ӳȻһû˵ܾԼͻͻ, ʲôӦһ, ĲԾ
ʱ, Ϳʼ, Ҳ֪ô֪ʡص¥飬ԷʱΧһߴߴۡ
ӳȻҦҲһ䣬Ҳû¥˭, ȷһ㣬ȲǷǸģȥǸͷŮͬѧ
û
˭֪, е˵е˵û¥ӦҲûɶ°ɣ
˵õ, ˤͷĺ׾ûˣ¥Ҳͦߵġ
˵ҽԺȥˣƹǺ
ݽ˽ңԴ˵ʡصǱߵ飬ǰͬѧͱˣҥҥԼڵͿˣѧУרŵʦо̬ԵĹң𣿡
ĻôʵǸϢ̬һƽ͵ӳȻҲɵüͷ
տʼ˵ҥô˭̬ȥˣǰ˳ǳʲôˡ
һ죬ӳȻͻͻģμҦֻɴ˸绰ԷȻûнӡ
ϰص˼ңӳȻͿԼĸĸȻûϢɳɫĵ̸ʲôӳȻݱˢˢ̧ͷ
ôˣӳȻýĸĸ֣ɵһæʵǲǷɳʲô£
褸æ˵ȻȻȱ𼱣Ҹ˵
ӳȻº褲Ŷ˵ɵѧУ˵£иѧΪû¥˵ء
ӳȻüǸʲôϵ
褶˵ʱ÷̸Ҵ绰˵Ǹ¥ѧǷԭͬ
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶡
¥Ǻǣ
ӳȻǵãѧϰɼܺôΪɳɼ»תȥ˸ڰ࣬ϴμʱͦõģôһӱ
褿㶣˵˵ҲɣСɵʱһ¥СͬѧˤǰŻˣͷ˸գڻסԺء
ӳȻһôҲסˣᡯһ˵ңҪȥɣ
֪֪ҺҲȥⲻһȥô褶ӳȻ˵Ҳ·ˣһڽֿһȥ
ӳȻ죬һӾʹܳţ˵ȥ
ҹĲ̫ӳȻյûþһճֱϳȥҽԺ
ڲӳȻ˻ڵˮķɣ˿ɫ׵ֽһ˲Ҳûʲô
÷ͷڣӳȻһڱǽ
ˣĸ´ŵĲϢȥ˵ȥˡ
ɣ
ӳȻյǰѾ˰ƿҩˮ͹ԱߵƿûеˮɵۣôͻȻ䲻䣬Ұůů
ӳȻɵˮֻ֣оԼƺ˸飬Ȼֻ·˸ˮɻӳȻɵüͷ
ûµġɰһӳȻ˵ôôˣҰǵô
ӳȻ˵ͷߵҶ֪ˣôˣ
ɳĬãҡҡͷҲ֪ʱŻˣʲôǵˣ˵ICUҲ֪ô
ֻýԼþһһжԵôʵӳȻ֮ǰԴտա
˿̣ӳȻԼʱɲž־΢ָһ㡣
ô£ϴμʱһжôͻȻ͡
Ҳر
΢΢ӳȻļϣ˵˵Ǻ񱻽˼ҳȻ˾ͳˡ
ӳȻϴ۵飬ʵΪγɼû𣿡
ǰɡɱ۾һ˵»ĺ롭Ӧþ¡
˵󣬷ɵɳˣʵڶ޷ܣԭһӾͱӡ
ǰʱһԷҪǷæŸϰûпնĺǣҲɵ¡
ŷʹģӳȻҲž
ͻȻӳȻԺкȻĳͷ
ɣ̫ѹˣĺͻȻӳȻŷɵˮֻ֣ü۵ʹʵ˵㻹ǵ֮ǰǱߵ𳵻𣿡
۾𣿡
ǽγͻȻк֪ô¹ʡ
ǵá
ӳȻ˵ǳûôˣʻԱײʮˣоͰ
˵⣬ӳȻ˿ɤʵоͰҵĸĸΪⳡ¹ֻһˡڰʱΪϲҵľʹӦһ𣿡
ԼΪԼ˵;ˣӳȻһЩ硯˵һ飬÷ɶסˡ
˿ǰӳȻʵö˶˵ģּʲô尢̺úõģô˵ǻ᲻˵ġ
ȱǸ߲ˣȸҡӳȻĺܿ죬úɫͫ׶ǰķɣһһٵӦһ𣿡
ӳȻ΢΢գգ۾
ҲڵЩݣ΢΢ͷӳȻϣȡ£˵һӦġ
ӳȻֻԼ͵ײһ£סɵ֣ȴֲֻ΢΢Ϊʲô
΢΢˼һ£ŵΪҲһɵ¡
ûиĸĸоɴû֪ǵжʹ࣬ӳȻԷֻʣ¹һ˵ĻԼǻѡһġ
лл
ӳȻתŷɣļ羱˵ллҡ
ֻԼʪģЩȵĵɴ۾ˣްǲǸôô˰
ӳȻ§ŷɵʵĿޣһ˵С޵ķɶܷѽ⡣
Ķĸ˶Χ˹Ų֪Ϊʲô޵ôĵӳȻƣһãȻʧĴ۵Сۣ֪Ӧôο
ڣô˵ӳȻҲûãĸΪΪģɵ̾Ϣҡͷֻзɾò⡣
Ȼ֪ӳȻǸĵˣΪǿ޳Ӧð
ӳȻƽһξԼ÷ʲô¡
ΪӳȻһϷڵķɵûôˣӳȻԸ뿪Ҳûа취ֻܸӳȻһ٣úõɡ


85 
ɵȫǱӦ, һڷ˺ҹ²½һЩ, ɻһֱղϡ
ӳȻ뿪ڲ㻤ĸ˻ȥæģ춼˼٣ŷɡ
ҹɻסˣʹظһ˲ĳ棬ҹ˺ܶΣÿһζһĺôػصһҹ, ӳȻҲûϢá
ߵʱ򣬺÷ӡ
ȻȻûϢðɣ÷ӳȻĺȦɵ۵˵ҪȻȥϢϢﰢڡ
ӳȻҡͷԼչ˻˭չ, ÷ҲûϢ, һܹ, ɫҲǺܺõ, ˸λ¡
ûµİ̡ӳȻ´ŵϢ˵ɲҲġ
÷ͷ̾˿˵úõϸѧô, ֮ǰǸѧУʱð춼ĵģѧϰɼҲһֱͦáתȥŶ೤ʱ, ͳ顭
ӳȻοҲô˵ǱߵĽѧ, ѹе󣬸οǱӦͦõģֻ±ȽͻȻҲܹ˭
÷ﶼɿԼҹŮôҽԺ۵ġ
֪Ͳתѧˡ
ûãɱƵˣתͷӳȻԼ裬ɵúһ衭
÷æչɫǲҰײҰ׵ķɾʵ˰ǲǶˣҸϲԵСС࣬һȥˢϴǾͳ緹ˡ
ɵ˵ͷھԼûҲһֱôڴţӳȻȥ䡣
ˢϴŶӣӳȻҲϴһ£ڽ÷ˢ
ɻκģӳȻվԱ߰һѣȷϴ˾ȰͻزԼȥˢϴ
ôһһصڣȳϷǰСʱ֮ˡ
һһںС࣬ҲûʲôθڣΪ˲Լ赣ĻǾԼܳСѰ뷹ȥˡ
ʵڳԲ¾ͱˡ÷ֽ˲ǣ̾˿˵һҽ鷿Ҫʲôĵطֱ˵ǧš
ɵ˵ͷ
ûҽ͹ˣѲһ߾ͶԺ÷˵ٵƿˮͿԻؼˣҺͺúԴϢԵҩûʲôˡ
÷лҽԺöԼԵһɾ΢һ˾ʹ򳵻ȥˡ
˼ңɾɽ˱Ҳ֪ǲƿˮԵʣľãһվŶת
ʱ򣬷ӵĸ˻ؼң嵭ζ
尢̣ûǾȥæŰɡӳȻæʰ꣬˵϶æŷڼңǾͱˡ
һ𣿡÷е㵣ĵʵ
İɡӳȻЦھҲöˣҾ˵˵ʲôġ
÷һĥҲУվڴţӳȻҲͦõģС˵˵Ҳá
УҺȥæˣٸǴͱ𶯻ˡ÷˵ˮϴ֮һٳԣ輸иɹʳҪԾͳԡ
ź÷߶߶ĶӳȻһһ˽ȥߺ󻹰ãŻص˷ɵķ
һȥͿɿڴͷԼ
Ұȥ𣿡ʡ
ȥˡӳȻһӣڷ˵ôæˡ
ɵ˵ͷҲû˵ʲô
ɡ
ӳȻ룬ôˣ㻹𣿡
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷ
ͬѧȺû˵𣿡
ûУһ㶼Ⱥ˵ġ
ʡص㣬ַʽˡ
һͦġ΢΢üͷ˵ҪǶʱæŸϰûȥҲɵ¡
ǧô룬һϵûС
ôûϵأңҲתڡ
źÿüͷ̾ҪǶĹͺˡ
ȻӳȻ׷ǸĵŮǲļôĵģ
Ų˴ߣȥŷɵˮֱֻ֣ɫףļϸԡ
ǵ黹ûи㲻Ҫ鶼ԼӳȻԷ˵һҸǰδ绰ʣ˳١
٣÷Ѿæˣɵȷ֪ڵԼ̫˵ӳȻæǿ϶ٺòˡ
ɵͷӳȻŷɵֻǰδ˸绰˵˷ѾԺˣѧУڻûжȻʺǵ
֪ɸǵĹϵģټӳȻðҳ㶼һһʮĶ˵˳÷⺢ӷſġ
žˡڵ绰ӳȻ˵ҳʱһҪ۲úӵѧУҲרŵʦȷѧУˣҰһ¡
ӳȻԱ˵Ǿллʦˡ
û£ҳˡ
˵绰ӳȻ̧ͷŷɣ˵ոǰ˵ģ㶼ˣ
ɵ˵ͷüͷ˵ǵΪʲôҪôɼһ»ҲʲôôԴأ
һÿ춼ѹ£ɾ;úѹ
ֲúǴԼ˵飬Ҫ֪ԷôǿƵһˣԺǵĹĿ϶Ҫġ
Ҳ֪ô˵ӳȻ̾˿ɵԴ˵ϢϢɣȥڵ
ʱ򣬷˯һӳȻֻҦܲܰæϢ
ҦҲûþ͸ӳȻ˸绰
ںõ𣿡Ҧڵ绰ͷʵ
ҩûþ˯ˣڻûѡӳȻվڿĴ߿ʡصѧйѧ¥Ǳʩװ
ӳȻҦҦɵ̾˿˵ˣ˵ٳ£Ѷ¥¥ȫ˿ѧͲ¥ˣⲻ벻
㻹֪ӳȻ˵Ҳ⣬ҲͳɱķˣǶŪ˹Ҳ
ɲǣϿθҲûʲôˡҦԴӳȻ˵ҰæʵģҲˡ
Ŷ
¥û˵Ҳˣ͵ҽԺֱICUˣѾˣһ仰ʻʿΪʲô
Ҧ˵ԼҲ̾˿˵˵˵仰֮ҲˣҽԺȿ޵˺ѷΣͷӡҲ֪ôˣ˻֢໤أȫദۣβҲ߹ǴƣǲμӲ˽ĸ߿ˡ
˶ûˣμʲô߿ӳȻ̾˿˵ûǻָ˵ġ
ָˣҲ֪̬ôҦ˵ƻûܳʱȥˣҪƲãⱲӹҲͻ˰ɡ
ӳȻԳĬá
ҦԷ֪ӳȻ˼Ҳû˵һ͹˵绰
ӳȻŲԶʩʡصѧɵüͷ


86 
ɵĲÿ쵫ȥľͺ, һһҹüĵգҩҲú, ϻجΡ
ӳȻţڶϾͻؼˣ⼸춼Ǻ÷ŵġ
ÿϿԼŮجΣĸ׵ˣеʱſһҹ
ڣɵĲҲˡ
壬ɵľãԼڳӣ߹˵衣
, ô´˰ȥš÷æϵۣûȥɣֻȰϽشš
ˣ裬ҾԼ˺ܶࡣɴչŸշװֵĴ, ʵʲôڶİ
, ϲ𣿡÷
Ծ͵˵ͷ, Цϲ
÷ҲЦϲͺ, ⼸㲡ţҸŪģȫڶҲûɶӪ, Ū㼦ӵľϺʲôģӦǰԵġ
ҲЦЦ, ŶԺ÷˵裬ҽö, š
Ÿʲô÷Ŀ㲡û͸һô죿㻹ǻشŰɣﶼȥ
ǵ裬˵ɸæס÷˵˵ǳ֢ˣȥ
Ǹ¥ͬ
š
÷룬ǵȷӦȥһġ
Ҳһȥ÷˵ȻȥϢ˷ȥҽԺǺӣ˳㶫ȥ
翴İ𣿡
Ҳԡ÷룬˵һ˼Ҽʲôɻ䣬翴ܹ鲻̫áɣȥ·ҰǾͳţ֮ǰҲϣſˮ
¶˸ЦݣӦһͻȥ·ˡ
ʮ඼æ꣬˱Ŷţŵʱ÷ɴñΧΧֶˣա
סҽԺõҽԺˣſ˵ˮֱȥ˲
ҵڵĲ󣬷ɻûţ洫ʵĿ
ȷŽȥʱ򣬾Ϳ޵һһԱ߰οӦǺǵİְ֡
ǡΰְ̧ͷ˿ˣֲʶ¶˺ı顣
軹ڿޣҲֹס˿̧ͷɾ͸æվһСܵſڣһץס˷ɵ֡
ͬѧǵİɣ۾ͨ죬һǿ˺ܾãȦݶˣž۾رĳ㡣
΢΢˵ͷ̣ҵȷǵģôˣ
һصĿŵú÷æͳֽݸ
ΰְҲ֪˷Ǻԭͬ̽ģ㲻ɵ̾˿
Ǽءΰְ§ӣԷ˵ȻǵͬѧǾȥɣڲԸԷҲԸſڸ˵ǡ
˵ţҲۿ
÷Щ˿Ҳź۾Ա߰οǣҲ̫ѹˣǹǿ⺢ӵġǸúӣ϶ġ
ɿ˿Ļһ䵥׼ĲǸСһ֮ĲǺסĲ
ǰסԺ֪˲һһ춼úüǧҲܿǵİҲǸܲˣΪŮôǮ
ɷɲ̫ףȻԺǵṩôãΪʲôƵ¥أ
尢̣ܽȥ𣿡ָָյţʵ
ܵġΰְɿӣŷɵſڣ˵ǵ̫ȶû˵ҽ˵Ǻܸߣ㿴ϵͦõģܲܰȰȰ벻ˡ
ɵ˵ͷһģġ
ƿţɾͿڲϲŹӵĺǣ۾ɫҰףһʱֲ֮˻ǻš
ŵĶҲûöԷʲôӦߵ߿˿ҲҶЩֻǵεδ졣
ǣ
Ļ˲ϵһǵ΢΢˶Ż۾
ԼǰǷʱ۾ѵõ΢΢Ź⡣
ɿ⸱ģۣûе֣ˡ
Ŀܾã΢΢ſ죬ںƵĵ㣬ˡ
ǡ˵˵֢໤Ҿ͹ˡ
ź⸱ģۿʵþͿãɵ£һĲ˸ô죿
ɫ΢񣬳ĽëĲ
ڲϵûмǺɫĴ߿۾ɫĶ̷Ҳ˶ǰ˲٣ȻҲǸƯС
Ҳ֪ЩʲôֻǳĬţΪβˣÿ˵һ仰ʹࡣ
ڷ֮ǰʵľûȥҲû壬ڵԼʱֲɵľúڡ
ˣҲˡ
ԱߵϣͷҲ֪˵ۣӦ˵ÿһ¶ʹֻ࣬ԼԱ˵
֪ǲѧУ飬ԷҲֻûм˵Ȼָ壬˾ͿȥκԼ顣
ˣǾҸճȥΣȥɽȥ
ڵʱҺӳȻǴȥ㣬ʱҲһòã
Ҳ֪ܲܳԷܳͶԵ㣬ʱҲõÿ졣
ʲôĻָҲܿ죬㻹ôᣬ϶ġ
ڴ߸˵ŻǾͶɫ۾Ź⣬Цֺʲô鶼ûС
Ⱥΰְƿŵʱ򣬾ͿڸŮ˵Ҳ֮ǰ۷˵ʲôƤԸ̧˿оĿŷɣȸճICUʱź˲١
ʿˡΰְֶԷ˵ǿҲˣҽϢԡ
׺ΰְֵ˼ˣҲȷ˲٣ɿԷ˵֪ˡ
Ǽ־͸æǣȥȴΪǣ˿ŪԼȵȥ˰ŵ˶һѷΧ
ҽʿ˼飬ôһͨҲĲУϺò׻ܵһѪɫҲȫȥ
㡭
Ƕŷɣſڣû˵꣬ɷѾˡ
úҹ㡣ɶԺ˵㲡ˣǲܺú˵Բԣ
۾΢΢˵ͷ
ȷ뿪ĲͿԼĸһƺ˲ٵ졣
ˣ÷վԷ˵Ҫ𣿡
ɵ˵ͷ
÷תͷԺ˵Ǿˡ
æ˵ǰɣ
˲ˡ
ûµģĺܸмǰɡ
Ĳã̫ˣú㺢Ӱɡ
ɿִƽĿ˵̣㲻ˣԼȥˣĹĺǰɡ
΢΢һ㶣ŵͷ˵֪ǰҶã̫ˣûǹǵĸܡ
ҪԼ˺ƣҲ벻ڲһжĴ
ȻǸˣʵǶԺøвʦ칫ô˵ɫͳġ
ǴӦһúûָġɶǰŮ˵̣ϣԺܶԺǺһ㣬ÿһζô˿Իġ


87 
ɺͺ÷ʱ, ͿԼ¥վһˡ
ӳȻ˻еĲСͰ˹, üͷʵȥ˰壬˵Ҳû
ȥҽԺ˰ɶ˵ҲôҲ绰ҽ첻ĩɣ
ģҽҲûֻӳȻʱӦûֻǰһԼֻͲ̤ʵھֻƺǸ繤ߣҲûǰôˡ
һȥҽԺӳȻһץס֣еʵǲַˣ
ûУҺúõġɶӳȻ˵ȥҽԺǸԼ, ȥǵġ
ǣӳȻ΢΢۾Ժˣ
ôܡɶ˵֢ˣҾȥ˿״̬رãȵ¥Ҹ˵
˵꣬ɿ˿ŵϽСͰ, Ͳʵʲô
ӳȻ, СͰԷ˵ļ, þʹ, ء
÷һЦӯӯĿӣӳȻ˵ǼСллˣ㿴Ըǰ
û, ɲôһҲͦĵġ
öˣٳҩƾȫá
÷˵꣬ӿڴԿ׵ݸ, ˵ȥ￴һ㵽֮úϢ, ȻȻ˵˵ҸǴ㷹˹
ɵ˵ͷӳȻҲ˵лл̡
ź÷뿪ӳȻŴչǣŷɵ˵¥ɣ㿴ô϶˰ɣ
Լ֣ε˵ҴͦʵģҲû취顣
¥ȸѼһȣƾůˡ
š
֮ӳȻȥ˳ûôˣɱԼΧñӣҲҵ¼ϡ
һů͵˯£ɾŵƮļζŨ˿ˮҪˡ
Ⱥˣɡ
ӳȻԼӦһ˳ӳȻѾѼʢ˳ﻹһѾ˵ļ⡣
ٰҲˡӳȻ˰ϣ˵˵ˣ⼦һ磬ⶼˣȫꡣ
ûҪɣɿļεĶӳȻ˵̫СˣҾǷնѣûҪô
ǷôӳȻͬ˵Ǳŵģڣܵˣ
Σֻܱ
ӳȻڣֹеʵ컹جô
ˣѾöˡɺżԼ¶ůˣļĺܺúȣŨûһͺļⶼˡ
úȰɣӳȻЦӯӯĿԷ˵ʣµĻڹһҸű䣬Ҳܺȡ
֪֪ɲ˲죬ӳȻ˵ԽԽ߶ˡ
һͨӳȻڵô˰
ɰԼҽԺĸ˵һ飬Ҳ˵˺ǲԸԼĸ飬ƺԹ
벻˵ᾭȥġɵʹüۣ̾˵ĻͦأڲһĻ˵˵˷Σ˵ۣĺܿ
أ
ǰһֱҽԺţ޵ͦģͦǱ
ӳȻԳĬãŶԷ˵´ȥҲҰɡ
ɺĿһۣԸȥ
šӳȻ˵Ǻôʶһ£ܵùĹȥҲûʲô⡣
У´ȥͽ㡣ɵ˲٣ӳȻ˵ⲻϹôҴ㴺ʱҲһģտ
ãҲһݡ
ʱ򣬺÷ŷ˻ӳȻһ磬ٽʱСͰ뿪
ϣɺż÷ǰŷˡ
Сɣ˵¡
÷Ļ˷ɵĺ棬̧ͷԼĸһۣ˵ʲô°
ǹѧУ顣÷ÿӲ˲ϡԷ˵תѧҪֵģҺҲûʲôһѧУиõѧϰڲһˣô飬ʵǺ¡
÷˵ҸִҲûָܳͷؿ״Ԫ⣬ƽƽĹһӾͦáԭҲֻôһ룬ɽ쿴ǸͬһǾ㲻ѧУˡ
衭
ҲȰҡ÷ѵԷ˵ǼҾһŮҪ˵ʲô£ôҽ춼ˣǻתԭѧУˡ
ɳĬ˰죬ʵסİ
סϷӰ÷˵Ϸӻûȥͷֽиҹ˾ΰʺʹ̶һԵȥǱסˣ£ҲͰʱ䡣
ʣǲȥ
æҺҲ߲
һ˶຦°
÷ô˵֪ͬˣЦӯӯĶԷ˵ģҪûҾȥϵӳȻ裬ӳȻһѧϾʳóԣ͹緹ĩٷ

ʵڲУԣٸ͵㣬ĩͻס
Ҵˣһ˯İ
εҡҡͷԺ÷˵ˣѧУϵͦõ𣿡
οҪתȥˣӳȻԼף
ǰиĸܼɻ㣬ھԼһסǱˣӳȻԼʲôʲô
ⶼˣȥĺӰѧϰѽ
÷ۿͺˣҲû˵Уǰ̾
ˣֻӲͷƤӦ֪裬ȥǱϵɣҡתѧˡ
÷ŻָЦݣɼ˲ˣ˵УȥѧУ˵£ȡͻȥѧ
̾˿Ҳ֪ӳȻ֪Ϣø˳ʲô
ϣɸհͷ˵ӳȻǱ߱㼤
𣿣ӳȻɤ໴÷Թ˵ġ
£ʲôɿڴͷõĶ˵±ǰɣ
ǣֻ̫˶ѡӳȻЦѾĻǰˣԷ˵ζһѧû뵽Ȼˡ
ɺ˺ߣ˵ǲԸģһҪתѧģŲתȥģҪ
ӳȻЦ۾ûˣֺǺǵĺ˵֪֪㲻ģǰ̵תѧģûκ⣬һƵҾ͸֪߰Ϣ϶ܸˡ
˵꣬ӳȻ˸˵ˣŪǰ࣬ͷתһɾ鷳ˡ
εĵ˵ͷ֪ʦ˵ġ
Ҳ³ʲôһ㲻һ࣬жѾӳȻĥźòˣɲˣԴǵĶ˵Ȳ˵ˣҸ绰ô죬ȹţ

ɿŹҶϵƵͨɵľһ㶡
ӳȻûԼ׷֣Ϳʼĵ绰ˣ


88 
ڷתȥ, ñĻҪ˳
ӳȻڶһ͸˵绰һҪѷתԼİ༶, ÷Ҳֱҵˣ÷תȥ
߶ô˵ټϷԼҲûʲôͺˬĴӦ
תѧһЩҪ죬÷ĺӻصѧУʲôõ飬ɴȥˣڼԼϰȹ˴ڣ͸ӳȻһȥѧУ
Է⼸Ҳ, ڼҵŹꡣ
Ϧ죬ɱԼӳȻȥҽԺһˣһҽԺĺǡ
ûǵľ״̬Ѿ˲٣˵ڴϲܶ, ɺ͸ʽĹѾ, ֻǿе
ǴԼҲû뵽ӳȻҲԼ, ˺þ, ջĿ⡣
оûкһ㣿ڲߣźǲܶģʵ尢˵ѾԳԷ𣿡
ǵ˵ͷ, ܳԣࡣ
˵, ƺ˵˵һʹ顣
ӳȻվڷɵ, ⸱ģ˵Ҫ˵ͱ˵ˣǾǹָô
̧üۿӳȻĵ˵ͷ
ҲЦǣǳϦǴȥ㣬ҲһģʲôԸҪ
ҡҡͷ
Ƕ˵һͷ㣬ʲôԸʵ֡˵Ǿһһ彡㿴ô
ǳ΢΢ЦЦ˵ͷ˵лл
ôˣͱˡ
˵꣬뵽ʲôͷ˿ߵӳȻŵͷԺ˵ǣһһҪ˵
¶һɻı飬˶ָʾ˵ȥ
ɶ˶٣˵ǣѧڿܾͲʡصˣҪתԭѧУҺӳȻѧУ
΢΢һ㶣ſڣ˵û£ңҲزȥ
ƣ߿϶ǲμӲˣ϶ദۣܻѾˣҲҪʱ䡣
ȺָѾμӸ߿ȥ˴ýѧԺʼն޷ͶԷͬһѧ
ԣתתѧѾҪˡ
ֿ˿ӳȻ˵ǣ߿Ҫ͡
ӳȻ̾˿ŶԺ˵ģǿ϶Ҫ͵ģ㣬һҪ壬Һͷɻᾭġ
˵ţӳȻͰִ˷ɵļͷͺһһúǵһ¡
ɺ˵Ѿֻܿվһģڱ߬ȭͷ
ѧУúתʱԼҪ˶ãǸʱǷɽ˰칫Ҵ뷨
ǾֻҪзڣԼϾͻлȥͷ
ڣӳȻվԼĲǰĿ⣬ͺһʤߡ
ͺ˵ģûбߡ
ģ
ɺֻڲʲôҲֻЦЦ÷ɲõġ
ź˰СʱǵİˣҽǼ塣
ӳȻͷɱк뿪ҽԺ
ȥ·վ̨ߡ
ǼôӳȻߵˡ
ôڵ¡ƫͷӳȻ尢ֵ̽𣿡
Ұҹֵ࣬ࡣӳȻ˵Ұ6͵óţǼҽҹҪԵһ㣬أ
ǿ˳Էʱ򣬹ǼҵƳٰɡɱվڹվ̨ϣһӾͱӳȻ˰ͷЦӯӯĵͷ˵궼ôպŹˡ
ʲôһͦõˣܱȺǼҽԺĺáӳȻ·ˤˣַ˵ǳ극һȥ
Ҫ㰡
¡
ӳȻ㣬˵Ҫȵ0֮ʮŻʮһŶüһ㣬ԼĵһУҲǸ˼
ȴ˵ҹˣٵǶûⰡһ10ŰɣɽҲ11㣬ܹü
УǾԼ11ɽ¼ϡӳȻЦǵøֻõ磬ĺʵһ㣬ͷš
֪ͰҲҪע㣬ϵô䣬ɵöഩ㡣
˵⻰ɵȵĹͳڲԶ
ҪĹǲͬķԲһȥɱתͷӳȻ˵ҳˣˣϱǸ˵11ɽ¼档
֪ˡӳȻ򳵵ʱҲСĵ㣬ǰ˾͸Ҵ绰
ɳ˻֣˹
***
Ϧϣһӵķˣһ5ԷˣԵ6ʹϹװ׼ţ褻ϽСͰװǸոõĽӣֵȥԡ
ߺ褲źӳȻһʰӣЩûַŲ±Ĳ˾Ӹסԡ
ȻֻˣҲֵġ
ӻţ滹ڷűڣҼһŵƣŸϲ졣
ڸЩϽǴ绰ߴߴӳȻҲץһѻȥ̨ɴ˸Ƶͨ
ԷòŽһͨӳȻͿƺ
ǳҹ𣿡ӳȻŹʵ
ûأرࡣɰֻϴ̨ϣӳȻһӾ컨ϣŷɲԶ˵ҰŪһӣڵĳʦͷԱһ꣬ư˾ŵӲܳϷ
šˮӳȻ˵㲻𣿡
аɣŪ˵Եģ΢ܵӡ
ɲɾֻ֣ӳȻľͷˡ
ڼҸʲôأһһߺʵûһ𿴵ӽĿϾҪݴ˰ɣ
ءӳȻЦ˵ڸϽǶأӳ͹̨徻徻һȥˣҲɣ
Ŀ˾͵أһҲҪˡ
˵ţӳȻ⡮顯ĺüһ̧ͷͿСĿյһȺڷ̻ΪȽϽر󣬵̻ըڿеʱҲÿ
ӳȻ̧һ۱æùֻл˾ͷԷ˵㿴Сڷ̻
˵꣬Ǽը״죬Ȼءһըͷ׵̻
ɿžͷϤĽ־̻ɵЦƯ̻
ǰɣҲ֪˭츣ڡӳȻӾͷ⴫Žϵ̻ӳȻͶԷ˵һ̻
΢΢Ѥ̻ûг
̻ӳȻԼڿȻȻῪʼˣ
躰ˡӳȻлͷԷ˵ȥˣ11ɽ¼ϡ
šɳ˻֣Ҽǵأ϶ٵ
ӳȻҲ¶˸ЦݣȻҶƵ
һ˴ᣬСƷӳȻģ׼ȷ˵ʮĴǿģɼܲס褿ģֻԼһ𿴡
쵽ʮӵʱӳȻ褴кͳˣ
Ϧҹ򳵲ףӳȻǰأǵ˰Сʱŵȵ˳æľʦȥɽ¡
11ӣӳȻǵˣһ³Ϳ˷ɺҦվ·˵ŻӳȻһ˻֡
ٵҦЦӯӯĶ˵
Цûٵ̫ãɽɡ
ӳȻҲЦŵ˵ͷá


89 
ȻѾ11, ݷ˻治٣ı, վ·ָɽ
˵һεľ飬Ҳ֪ɽӦ;ǻϢʮӣȵɽϵҲչ11롣
аСʱءҦŴǰѾʼ𳤶ȺתͷԶ˵ȥ㣬ҡ
۳ҦȺ꣬ɸæҲһݣ
Ҧ˻֣ʾԼ֪ˡ
ӳȻ˵⻰, εĿ˵ţĺܹĺǰ
ţӳȻ÷ɲ죬ͷһ۲ЦôСֳԴˣǲ˵õôҲһ, ףտô
, ǿôĺܲζ
㰡
ҡҡͷ, ̾ҵ, ҰܼҲͲҪҳԴˡ
ӳȻŸ첲˵
Ҫ֪Ƕб˼˵
һ뵽ʱ˵Լϲɵʱ, ӳȻ;û¶þ
˵ֻҪףӳȻҲɵ˰İ¸߷, ɵѣþ͵һӵѡ
ôͨ, ӳȻĴ׾Ҳûôˡ
˺ܶ࣬ƻ֮ͨ⣬0׼ӵˡ
Ҧ˾ȥŶ㡣
ʮ
۳žҪ0ӣҲ֪˭ȿʼģ˷׷Ҳһŵʱ
ţ
ˣ
ߣ

С￪ʼȼ˱ڣžɽͷԶ˵ȼ̻顯ըͷ׵̻

壡
ģ

Ҧĵĳߵ˴쿴ǱҪˣ
ɺӳȻŤͷͿΧͭԱߣһ뺰

һ
ˡˡˡ
ص죬ɽµıǴ˷ֶ̻ɽͷһ
֣
ã
Χ˴źã˴Ƶ绰ҦҲֻҲ֪˭ȥ˸绰ţ֣
֡ӳȻתͷŷɵ֣˵Ұ㡣
Χף죬ɷɻӳȻ仰ɵɫ΢̧ͷ
պͮͮģ۾ȴӳȻıſڣƺҪ˵ʲô
ҡҲ
ͨ죬С˵˾ʲôӳȻû壬ûˡ
˵ʲôӳȻҷߣ߬ŷɵո˵ʲô˵һ顣
ҡ
ɺŤͷӳȻ˵û˵Ҫȥˣ
ɡ
ӳȻûߣᶨոǲ˵Ҳң
ءһºˣ̧ͷ˵ҽû˵仰
ӳȻȴĿһһٵ˵ϲ㣬Ұ㣬飬Ҫҵ뷨㣬Ҫֻ֪ҪԸſڣǾͿһ𡣡
סˣѵüӳȻôģɵе
ǰֻӳȻǸƯĹɽ쿴ĶԼףȴƺԼʶĸҪ˧һЩˡ
û˻˸޶Եģɲ˼ĵͷŵ֣Сȥ
Ƥ˵ڣھԼѾܾӳȻˡ
ҪԼǷɿ϶ǻͬġ
ӳȻһ
Զһ
ιǰŶӵ˶ˣôⰡ
Ҧ˵绰߹˶ŵĿζЦ
ʲôӳȻЦһ§ŷɶҦ˵ϲɵֲǲ֪⵱ʲôݣ
ӳȻ˳ǰ˳ģΪ⵱ݰ
˰죬һĵطߣҦˣӳȻֿ˼Ҧǰߡ
ǸøˡӳȻǰˣͶԶ˵һԸǱ߻ܹӣͷ˨ϣ϶ܱ³ɡ
ҦĿһۣһȥ㡣
꣬ӳȻ÷ȥ
ɳ˸Լ֮⣬Ҳ㣬𿵸ҲףԸܽ
ӳȻԸͺܼˣǰǸ߿ǽ顣
Ҳû˵ԵģӳȻ˸ܲܺͷɽ飬ǵÿԼС
Ա˩ӵҲ٣˸дԸ˸ط
Щæ꣬ʱҲչ12롣
ҦİߵýΪԵҲûǰôǿˣ˵Ѿסһ˵Ƿַ˯ûǰôˡ
ҪȥҽԺ˾ǱߵĿǰǽȥлܣеʱҪޣҦܿġ
ɽ¶Ǵ򲻵ˣҦ˺ʹһӣȥĳͻؼҡ
ɼҳǶӳȻҳҦҳǱһϹƵˡ
ͷɻصļңӳȻҦصȺﱨƽʱ򣬶Ѿˡ
Ϳ˯ˣӳȻϴ˸ڴͷҦϢϢ
һӳȻһȥ̳һ˶·ȥݼ꣬ѹǮ
ѧǰһ죬һҳѷɵĶ°¥
ӳȻһڴˣԺӾ͸æ±˳ȥͣ¾Ϳɴ򿪳˳ӳȻæְ˷
İӳȻ˵أ
Ҳڰɻͷĺ÷˵裬ӳȻ~
÷̧ͷͿӴһЦӯӯ˵ȻȻ˰أ
¥ءӳȻЦæɣ
òã߶аҹ˾ġ÷ȥԱߣȥ·ŷɵδһİȥӳȻ࿪ˡ
ΧھҲΧ˹ͺ÷죬ö˶˵ôͻȻ֮Ļ
ɡӳȻŴæ˵ȥ㶫ɣþöûԽϵС˰ɣ
Ҳ˵ͷЦӯӯ˵һ㻰÷֪ǳԵǼһ
أ컹ˡ
Ҹ˵һ
˵ȥ÷˵÷˷ɼ䣬ɾʹڴ100ǮЦӯӯܹӳȻ˵ǮҶ㣬߰ɣ
ڽ˻÷͹ӣÿ˵С˹˱ȥҪһˡ
˾ǰѸָĲҶ۹죬ٰĩΣϾܳˣϰ
ֱߵСԸĶ࣬˺üӻȥҹ˾ѾѶˡ
ڷɼҰæһŤͷͿӳȻŸָʳͲԹһǮ
ӳȻЦӯӯ˵㻨ǮģûһǮ
У˰ɣεҡҡͷӳȻ˵尢Ǽҳ緹ȻؼҰѷϣٴŷȥ棬һȥ
ϣ
ӳȻЦüۣŷɻԼңȥϵ緹תͷԷ˵ǰʱ˺öӣڶû꣬ǵóǸ
Ϊӽ󣬷ɾҪӳȻһ
ҶаЦӯӯ˵ʲôҾͳʲô


90 
Ȱҹ˾Ѷ, ѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
ζڷԭķ֮ʲôû, ĵûУֻ֮ǰûߵļҾߣ͹ͷĵƣŵеտյġ
÷ԺԼҹŮҪˣġ
ǼСɴС߳ʲôʱ뿪ǰ÷˵סˣ˵׻᲻Ů
褿Ҫ޾æοţ˱ˣڶޣԺСϴѧô, Ҳ׷ѧУסɣǵó뿪ĸģھ᲻ԺСɽ˻㲻
÷۽ǣ˵ͷ˵ûҪ, Ҳѧ
ʵҪ˵, ɴСɾҼס, ȻȻ˯һŴ, ǵϷȥһ롣
ô˼ͷǣԺÿȻȻչˣסҾ治ˡ
Ͳ¥ӾС, ӳȻķǸ˴ƽһͰˣĳסȥǲ, סԼ̹
褼ô˵ҲûȰǰؼȥŪȥˡ
ָʹӳȻ¥һЩѼ, ˺ͺӾΧһŲ̫ʢ緹
˷÷Ǿ͵ûȥˣﲻһֱȱˡ
Сɣһסˣ㲻ȻųԣȻȥ԰̼ԡ÷ǰ˵ûеͳþߣҲһСûΣգԺ㷿̨֮⣬ĵ㶼á
Ա棺Ҫϴ·ô죿
·ţĩҸϴ÷ĩסͻסҪѧϰæͼס⣬Ҹ͵㶫ʵȱʲô͸԰˵չġ
ɵ˵ͷ֪ˣѾǴˣչ˺Լġ
÷᲻ã᲻Ҳ÷֣תͷӳȻ˵ȻȻԿҸһѣҪСɰԿ׶˻ˣ㻹ܰ
֪÷᲻ùŮӳȻǣɵ֣ЦӯӯĶ˵尢Ƿİɣҿ϶ѷչ˵ĺúõġ
÷˵ͷٳǰֶԷ˵ֻţѧУػѧٴ򿪣ȱǮ˼ǵýҸֻת˵ġ
֪֪ɳǻ˻֣ǸϽȥɣԼһӦ
Ⱥ÷뿪ӳȻûɵ֣ݺݵĵһۣ˦˵㻹Ҫǣðġ
˵꣬ɱݡ
ӳȻҲ˽ſտյĿͳеŤ
о˯ĵطһŴ֮⣬ĶʲôҪƷ
ӳȻǰԼչʱǸʱסҲϷӣƴĵطü䣬ӳȻһ䣬˯һ㶼æ
룬һ㡣
ʰԼ¹񣬵Ǳ߸ɴ˸¹ߵ¹ûߣڸպϡ
һ·ó¹ӳȻͲɶ࿴ۡ
ʵҲûʲô·ÿ춼УѧУһһһģһģԷ£ףĹ¹֮һЩЬ࣬ͺʵĶװ
޷һɫһɫģɫ滻ŴһҲࡣ
㿴ûɵԼ·̧ͷʲô𣿡
ͿѧˡӳȻЦŶ˵ȥϢ϶ѾڰﴫˣʱҶܸˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôͣ˺ܾãĶҲͣ
ȥѧˣڻҽԺء
ɵʹüۣԼ·˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱܳԺҽԺסҲɡ
ӳȻ˵ǵ飬չڴ˵Ҳûа취飬˵ôأ϶ǵúúģͱ̫ˣƽ̬ĩϢ࿴ͺˡ
ɵ˵ͷҲֻˡ
ӳȻһֱڷɵķ˺;˻ȥ˷Ѿ֪£ԷҲ顣
쵽11ʱ򣬷ɲܲӳȻһ춼ΧԼתװߣ˸徻
ڶ糿ɻ˯еʱ򣬾ԼԼ˿ķű˴ˣ͵͵˸Ӱ˷ɵĴߡ
ɣҪҪˡ
ɻԺ˯أ䲻ſԼͷ˵ʵһһӾͱˣæű͸Ű⣬˶Լߵˡ
ӳȻɳ𣺡һװŪ
ɺʵôҼҵţ
ӳȻίίĿԼţ˵ǰҵİˣ
ɺ÷ӳȻԿ·ɲСŪ֮иõģǸӳȻİǸ԰̵ģ˾Ȼ͵͵Լˣ
ԺӳȻԼ񲻾ͳͨ
ҼҵԿ׸ҡɳ֡
ӳȻֻǿɵֲɵҪǰҪǽˣԺԼžͲˣæվЦӯӯĶ˵̸ԿǶҵΣһ㶪ĵŪô죬Ƚϱա
˵յģ
ô˵һĵġ
ӳȻȫĵӣŷɵɫԽԽæת˻⣬Ц¶С˵ȻҾ͸˵һ֪㲻ˣϽϴȳȥ
˵꣬ȷ͸æ˳ȥ
ڴ϶ûӦߵε̾һ
׼֮ǰİӺ´ĺûзˣζܲǽϿǼ͵ζ
ѾܾöûԵζˣպһ۾
СɺþûԹǽϵ˰ɣְļиһŷҧŽִƤЦԺʲô͸˵緹ɵóԱԺãһѧϰо񡣡
лл̡ɹɵӦлִļˡ
ӳȻԱ߸˵ɫ˿״С̲ˣ̲˲ζߵɫ̲ˣ˾ԡ
緹ѾˣӳȻ㱳ͷһš
糿ܰ˶ֱ£ӳȻΧΧſֻǾ䣬ͷ˿ɣԼʵʵֻ¶һ˫۾Ÿ˼
ʲôƵ˵ٿ㡣
ӳȻЦüۣһߵһ˵˵ϴȥѧУþǰ˰ɣ
ɲôǸʱŸûãҲô䣬һת۶ȥѧˡ
°ѧڻæɺӳȻĺҲ쵽ͷˡ
·ӳȻĲ죬ֱ߶ǿŵ͵꣬չ7ϰ˲࣬ѧԣܿһЩһģһУѧڼææĳ㡣
ƽʱҶڽϰˡʳָһ֣պһڰӳȻ˵ѧУһ㶼š
ʲôǵġӳȻǵѧУ
ƳһۣۡһЦӦǣѧУ˰ɣ
ô˵ôǿӳȻ߹ǣŷɵ֣оûԼôĵ˵ͷץִԼĿڴȻ÷΢΢۾
ŮˣòҪ


91 
ҪϢڰ༶Ⱥﴫ, Թѧĵһ죬ǰͷɹϵõͬѧΧ, ǰǰΧ˲ٵˡ
ɣôͻȻת˰ǶΪء
Ϲ˵ʲôģǾѧæһ㣬ȱҵܼİ
԰԰ɣ˵Ŀõ¥ọܸ̈̄ǽ𣿡
Ҳ֪ĸȱ۵ͻȻð仰ϵķɫһӾͰˡ
˵, һѪģԼǰḶ́˶
ӳȻɫৡһ¾ͰˣæڵȥȥȥǼϹ壬֪Ϊ¶סԺô, ôʶġ
֪˭˵һ䡮С, ӳȻվ, ȴɸץס˻
ҲûʲôġɶӳȻ˵ô, Ҳġ
ҿǾǹġӳȻĥź˶ˣŶԷ˵Ǽͱˣòײź, ָԼŪӰ
ɹԹԵĵ˵ͷ
Ϊǿѧһ죬ϰҲû飬Ҷһ, һס
ûã, ɨһ۰ˣַӳȻߣ˵λǰѧӳȻ߰ɣһ
ӦһȷԼλá
֮ǰλñһŮͬѧռˣӳȻԭְͬȥ˱ĵطһλ
ӳȻüЦŷɵ֣һ֮˦ˡ
˵һЩص㣬Щ°ѧҪŬѧϰ֮ĻҶöˡ
ĿνӳȻͰѱһ̣תͷʷɣʲô
ɻڵͷдԼûԾԾͲɵĸпӵڿοʼ仰ˡ
ӳȻ˵һֱûлشҰ
ŴԾ̧ͷһۣǳʳôʳʲôǾͳʲô£ʲô˼ġ
Ҧ˷ɵ仰Цǰ˵ѧһʳöû˼ǳȥ԰ɣ
ɿ˿ʵʲô
ӳȻɴҦԼĹĵ˵ɣôֻششأġ
ЩǷϻ˸ûʲô𣿡ҦЦӯӯĶ˵ſǼϷˣһȥ
ѽҲʳ˵Ϸζֵֹģһ˾ͻͦ񫡣
ҲûĥߴܿͳУš
ѧУſֵģ϶ѧҷԣǼϷ۵ĵ껹ţֻǰȣǶˡ
˺öడҦգգ۾ߵˣǻô
ˣһ¡ӳȻν˿˵أ
ڻʳùҲûʲôԵˣȼӣӦûпߵġ
Ǿ͵һȰɡ˵λãȥԱըǴ
ӳȻһҲˣ˵ҲȥҲȥ
һߣʣҦһˣεķ˸ۡ
ըǵСֻаƴһСڹرãΪըģǳѧǵĻӭ
Ҫһ΢ǺһͷͿӳȻɵλõô
аڰһ˾͹ˣûҪҲǱߵȡ
ҲҰ˾ͻȥˡ
ӳȻÿɷչŷɵ֣һĴһ²ŷûע⵽ߣ΢΢С˵֡
ѧУſڶֶŵĸʲô֪ô
ӳȻȴΪ⣬ЦӯӯĶԷ˵㿴Χ˭ˣǣֲǺ𣿡
̧ƳһۣųԼ֡
ճ˽һӳȻѧ㣡
һͷͿץһ˵ĸ첲ߣڿӳȻվŵʱҲ㶣漴ɴ۾˹
ѧ㣬ô⣬ѧУУ켫ˣΧŷתȦƣ㲻תȥʡصôֻˣ
ǰҲЦЦ˵տѧþûѧУĶˣ͹ˡҲǹԷô
ѽԼĺ˵һ£ǸѧзɣǸѧԡѧ㣬ͬмʵԱߵ棬̫˾͹ʲôٵġ
ǸʵŮӳɵ˵ͷ
Цӯӯŷɵֱ۶˵ʵҲǹ㲥վĲԱѧ˵տɼܲҪҪǹ㲥վ
һ㲥վȤɻԥԥ˵°ѧںæģҹƲμӲǵĻ
µġһͦСظͶԷ˵ڿǹ㲥վվˣŵģֻҪѧһ仰ұ֤ʱ
վ㣿ʲôʱ飬Ҳû˵
ٺ٣ϸѧĩնģҾҲʲô˵û㽲

ѧ㣬ѧٿǿǣҪĻÿֻҪ㲥վһ죬Сʱˣ϶ᵢѧϰġ
˼
ҽ˷ɣҪļǵ˹ӳȻ͸æȥǮ˶Ŷ˵һ˵ɾʹӦĵܵǿǰɣ
תͷ˿ӳȻ˵е
ܰɡЦӯӯĶԷ˵ѧҪʱңҲǵø˵һŶ~
ɵ˵ͷŸӳȻתͷȥ
ȥ·ϣӳȻŷ˼Ļɵĳ̾˿
ɲĵһۣֱ˵Ҫ̾ĺòã
ӳȻͣ½Ų˵ҷÿָ˵ǻ˵ңǲڿȥ㲥վˣ
ɵ˼Щε˵У㲻ҪҲˡ
ﲻֱӾܾ˵Ҫǿǵʱ㻹ͬˣӳȻ˵ϰɣȥ㲥վʶʮˣһ֪㣿
˵ҶĻ׳һɱ뷨Ҳ̹ȻˣͷӳȻ˵ҪҪȥ
ѧˣأ
ǡ
ӳȻһ˵ǡ֪ԥˣֻεҡҡͷŷɵĸ첲˵ȳԷ㻹ÿһأ߰ɡ
ɻûü˵ͱӳȻק
Ϸ۵ĵҦպռһλãҴɨ֮˱˷ۣļǡ
Ա˴УɿԵ򳡣вѧϢʱ򣬻ŮŲ֪˭·վԱ߼ų
ֳѾкüûˣ˿̿ˣɾӦഺеģ
ɵĥǸѧĻҲɵˡ
ӳȻоûˣһͷͿվԭأŲԶŲۣɵĳɣ
ԻعͷӳȻҦվڼԶĵط֣ӳȻҪؽˣ㻹Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
ŶãæӦһСܹм䣬Цӯӯ˵ҿǴӺ˧ҪҪҲһ֣
Ҧ˵Ҳ򡣡
ӳȻ˵Ҳᡣ
ɣҲǡ
ոȼഺС磬ͱˡ


92 
ڵ˲, šеëذڲ޷ĺǲͲӡ
Ϊȫദ, Ψһܹľֻ֣ҲÿԷֻڴϽŸĲס
ָĻǺǿģһ£Ѿеˡ
ߵƤѾˡźǲĲ֣ĺۼЦŶ˵ȹʱƾָܻ, ʱ㻹ܸǰһ
˵ˤˣɷɾھͦõģϵ˺ۺúûָҽָܻԭӡ
ϵ˺۹ƾûôˣɺ·, ƽҲ
ŵͷԼķ, ¶˸Цݡ
ȲͲ, ָ˲ܶ, һ߲һ˵ڻԭѧУϿˣסǼϷϻҺӳȻҦһ⽵֣иС, ҼҾסǡ
ǿŷɣһûȥء
ԱЦüָۣˣҾʹȥ, Сϣסͦ, Сǽ֣ȥﶼ㡣
ʰë͸ɾ֮˶ų˲ǰ
ƫͷ˿˵ҽѧУɡ
ð룬ôｲ
ɰѧУ鶼ǽһ飬˵ͺУҲ˵ϾɵκͰʣԶĶԱᣬ㴮Ů
Ǿڲţƺ˵һͯ磬Ǹ˭Իɣÿ춼Ϊѧϰա
˵˶ʮӣ˵ĿڸɣԱߵһƿȪˮšŶԺ˵ڳԷԼôǵóʳ
ѾԼԷˡǶ˵ǿģ΢һ㣬ȻͿԳԶˡ
̫ˡЦӯӯĶ˵Ļ´ιͿԸóԵˣʲôǲֻܳ嵭һЩĶ
ǵ˵ͷЦҽ˵嵭һЩʳʵǲҲԳԵ̫ࡣ
»ҸŴŹǰɣŴŹǿɺóˣһܳһӡ
ðǾ鷳ˡ
ʲô鷳İҴ绰ءЦӯӯ˵Զپ͸١
ʱű죬ӳȻţˡ
˰ɳк
ӳȻЦЦ߹˿ǣ˵ɫȸտʼöˣڸоô
ͦõġǲ̲˵š
ӳȻ֪ǲ̫뿴Լʵ˭ȥԼأԼҲǲԸġ
һȷǵĺǵ壬ǲУչʶһҲ֮С
ξԼأٴҲùһ
״̬ԣӳȻתͷԷ˵ʱҲˣǸûȥˣմ绰ˣ˵ﷹ˶Ͻȥ
Ծ̧ͷӳȻһۣɶԷⷬǹ˵ġ
֪ھӣҲ֪һסϷԷʲôȻȥӳȻļңԼǰ˵ֻúǵǳ졣
ӳȻô˵ʶĿ˿ʱ䣬ֵȷ쵽ˣ岡ϵ˵ǣҺӳȻȻȥˣú壬㡣
û¶ʲôı飬Цų˵ÿܶңҲҪץʱѧϰС
ġԼİǻ˻֣ˡ
˲뿪άںϵЦʧŲ԰׵컨壬֪Щʲô
ûãʹŷ˽ˡ
ڷɸոڵǸλã˲ϵС壬ѻȺķһһ棬Ժ˵ǣóԷˣ˺ܲöಹһ
ȺѲʱ򣬺ǿһЩˣ㲻üͷ
ҲЩ˵
ôأܲ˵Щǲģģö˶˵Ϊʲôԣ
ǿҲԺܲѾ˵ˣôˡ
ô᲻أЩǺӪĶƽҲǳԵġ
ǰ˵ܶҲЩÿ˵㶼ȻΪʲôҪң
εĿǰķˣΪѵ˵ǣⶼΪã㲻ôأ
ľǡ趼Ϊá仰ùġ
ȻΪҺãΪʲôȥأƽ˵Ͳøˣⲻͦõ𣿡
ǣô˵Щ˺òãȰѷˡ
Ҳԣ
ΨһְܶѷƵ˵ϣŮ˺˵ҲϲЩҳ˶ģ˻𣿡
סˣû˵Ů˶µġ
ԶĺӣԼ˵ʲôʲôᷴҲᷴΨǷľǰӷ˳ȥţԼȥɼףҵǴΡ
ڣǲˣԼķ˸Ʒˡ
ΰְæһݾͿԼŮ޿ڲϣԼİվڲǰޣһǽ壬ʱһͷ
ôˣö˶˵Ϊʲôֳˣΰְֿһصǽ壬ɵܲͣһ£ٳˣ
Ǳ۾Ů˾վԱ߿ޣ޵ķҡ
գΰְְ˴˳ȥ˸徻
⣬ΰְָӲᣬղŷ飬Ͳɵ̾˿
ǰƵ̫ˡΰְ˵
ⶼΪðô˵
˵󣬺۳žҪˣſһ۲§˵⺢һֱҲǸ취к⣬һʱҲˡ
ôأǿɾһӡ˵
˳Ĭãӵ˵˵ʵڲСǾһɣǲʲôϢˡ
***
˴ںȻر䣬ôʱůġ
ӳȻҦһڲٳרŵϣһɹ̫һŹ㲥ϤǻԲӢĸ塣
Ȼ̫Ǹʲô˼ӳȻ֪һӢİļ顣
ˬˬУ԰صӳȻ̫ɹ۾žһ˯ѵè䡣
Ҧ̧ͷһۣ˵ԣջûоܾ룬ȥ㲥վˣ
ǰӳȻЦԥʱҾ֪ɿ϶ȥģȻȥȥɣѵϲ
ͳɡ
Ҧ˫ִļϣӳȻ˵ֻһӰɣʱ䲻
šӳȻ˵ϾǸˣҲִ֪磬ÿ粥СʱҾͽʱ仹Ǹһѧϰϰ
󹦿𣿡
ǳɼһƽ׾ܿϴýѧԺʲô
Ҧ˵Ҳǡ
˼һϾǱýѧԺǰ¼ȡˣ֪䵽˲
ڲٳྣȵ12룬ӳȻ˼ӣҦȥ㲥վȺ緹


93 
֪, ѧѾһˣһ¿ĳɼҲˡ
ʡص˰ѧ, ɼ϶ǱǰҪһЩټûտĵÿ춼ѧϰϢеʱ12ϴ˯ɼȻʵķԾ
ԼȫУһʱҲɵɴ˫ۡ
ȥȵڶ10֣
༶֪ɿȫУһҲܸˣ׷Χŷף, ϾǰﻹδֹȫУһ
Ҳе£ٴο˿ԼȷȫУһ
⡢ܾǸ⣬ƽɼûôõġȻô˵ﻹֿ˻, ӳȻ, һ̧ͷ, Լ֪ͬȥ
, ˺޲ճԼϣɼôôͻȻ˲أ
⡯һ£ǵúǾΪɼ¥, ӳȻҲ벻
˵ӳȻǸ̬벻ƺͦѣɷɻǵ, ȥһ
˼˶˵֪ɵ׼ŵʱ, ӭײӳȻĻ۳žҪˤӳȻۼֿס
ȥŻŵġӳȻ˷סˣźʵôˣߵô죿
ſˣգգ۾ʵʲôȥˣ
ӳȻƣȥȻܸ
ɣ
߹ǰˣ㿼ȫУһҲѰٻ
ӳȻͷɴ۵Сۿһǲǳɼˣ㿼ڼ
ڵһŵͬѧԱЦӳȻҷɿȫУһأһʦĿΣ϶ҪǰĴ󹦳
ӳȻ⻰Ҳͺ񿼵һǸԼһץס˷ɵļ˷ܵ˵ȫУһ
ɱεԴۣ˼Ķ˵ңҲôඪ˰
ʲô˵ģӳȻЦû۾ץŷ˵㿼һöˣЩ˻û
˵ţӳȻ˷ܵ˵ҵøҰ˵Ϣ

ȷɾܾͿӳȻͳֻȥ˸绰ŪóԵġ
ȻǿģھͰѷɵԼ׹Ůɿôõĳɼæ˵绰÷˹ȥ˵ϲѶ
ϿεʱϵĿ˷ʮӣŪ˸ѧϰƻںĺڰϣȫͬѧѧϰ
ɾʵ̫СˣĳɼҲûôãΰ˳ײ˹ʺˣȻܿȫУһӳȻôΪ÷ɾ̫ǫˣá
ϰӳȻͺͷһȥ褸ոո˵绰·ϲҪԶصкöԡ
ǲ̫С˰ɱ·ϣתͷӳȻ˵׼ʲôҲҶԣڶء
˵ţɵĶһ࡯һ죬ڼžҹŸԡ
ӳȻûӦЦɺݺݵصһۡ
ҴˣҲӦЦġӳȻæϴҹɫ·ûʲôˣȥŷɵ֣˵ոǲСЦģɱ
ɰһۣô𣿡
ŵ㡣
ѡȥ
ôˡ
ӳȻ²һ󣬿İ毺õĲֿʼһЩ˼
·һڵʱӳȻһת˴˽ȥܷɷӦͱǽ
ˡ
ɱ°ͱͷĵֹӳȻôСס
ԼϰӳȻܵĶɶԷԼҲûӳȻ̫ãоʱˣֵŶԷؿڣƿ
ӳȻ۾ڻ谵ģ촽Ҳ΢΢һ뵽ǱԼҧľͲɶ̡
ԭΪ̶أ벻Ҳһ¶ѡ
ӳȻ
̫ɵ˼ʵ⻰ʲô˼
ˣȴ̧ͷӳȻ˵ҰһҲûҶֶţΪͦأڿһ¡
ӳȻգգ۾
ƺһֲ̫õԤС
ɿǽ϶˵Ȼһ£ԺǾͰƵÿֻһΣʱҲΪңвУ
ӳȻüţʲô˼
˵˼ɸ˵ϴνǱǷֵ飬㻹ûΪô
ֽ˵ҲΪ鱻˷֣ҲԼ¡
ԺÿһֻһΣǰ˵Ҹû˵ĵط׶׶ãƽѧУͲˡ

ӳȻõ˵һ²һεģⲻΪ𣿡
ҾͦõİͷܽѹҲ˷֣иʱѧϰͦõ𣿡
áӳȻ˵һ㶼ã
֪ôģӦÿ춼ôһأһʲôʮ㣡
ӳȻżĶԷ˵㵱Ҳû˵°
ɺڵص㲻Ӧúúѧϰô
ӳȻŷɣ޵ĥĥ
ﹻӳȻһ˷ɵ޷˲佩Ӳԭء
ӳȻ⻹ѧУء
ɵڷ߬ŶԷ޷Ҷ
ԼһӳȻܰ˳Խȥ
ӳȻû˵Ĳˣڷɵ޷ĥ䣬Ҳûţɵë¾ļϺݺݵҧһڣ

۵ı۾Լ϶ӡˡ
ӳȻ
ôҧˡ
е΢΢ĲӳȻɿ˿ڣԼµҧۣŶԷ˵һһҲУôףʲô̶˵㡣
ҡͷУ
ΪʲôУӳȻŷɵ°ͣͷɫްⲻǰ˵һһô
ֻףġ
ܡ
ӳȻն˵һһҾ͵ģÿ춼ס
ɵͫ΢΢𶯡
ÿ춼ף
ҪҪѧϰ˰
У룬ӳȻǡһΣ
ӳȻ˵ÿ춼ס
ɣһһ˰ɣ
ӳȻǸ̬ȣÿ춼ףȻͰտʼ˵ģÿһΣʲô̶˵㡣
ɻеλ䶼ӳȻģҲǿ϶յȣôʵҲ̫ףӳȻͬ϶֪һ
Ҫİ˵ÿһΣڴϣ
ɾӳȻӦ£뻹ֻ̺ܺĶ˵ÿÿһοԣ׵ʲô̶˵㡣
ӳȻɫһӾЦˣոǸģһһѷɿɵˡ
ģšӳȻЦŴ˹ŷɵıǼ˵Ǿ׽ķݰɡ
첻Ѿ
ҹĻ谵ǣӳȻҧͷ촽ԼһͻᱻԵһ
һ𣬷ɽץŶԷ·ȳǡ
±ӳȻǽ˵ڶأһӳȻǼű˼ѷɵͷҧ飬ص촽׵ġ


94 
ӳȻ˵һһ, Ǿ͵һһΡ
еʱϣŷɸ𴲵Ŀյץ, ڶµҿζζ׵ķͷƤ顣
еʱ˯ǰڷΪӳȻѣԼҿķű˴򿪣ӳȻ͵͵ڱ׵û̡
еʱ򶼾úͷۣӳȻľǰôʢô
һ쵽ȥģɶ֪鵽ʲôȤ
緹۳ʱ仹, ɱæʰŲڼÿ춼ӳȻҳ緹еʱѧ褻׼ҹ
˵ҶǶʮھˣ÷ѻʳֱӴ褣ɷɻܼ顣
ʰ;ߵķ, Цü, ֺǺǵȰʰ, һóѧ, Ū·
ûµİ̡ɶ˵ѧʱ仹أҰϴϴ롣
褿ŷɶЩ˳ɵҲ˹ȥ, ׼ˢ룬͸æˮرק˹
ˣ֪æ, ˮô䣬дҵ, ЩͽҰɡ褰ɰѾӷǲɵĸпСɰ˵ô£ҪҹŮöã
ЦӯӯĿӳȻҲͦõİɱô˵
褵ͷǣȻȻȷͦõģһǸϲ㡣˵ͬԲԽôʵڲͼ޵ǼˣҲ㵱Ů
⻰ֻڿЦɷȴһءһ¾ͺˡ
һ첻Ҫ褲⿴еˣͻȻð˸ͷϹӳȻˡ
裡ӳȻ˵Ҫɼ޵Ǽңͼˡ
Ƥౡһֽôôһ˵Ĺϵ¶ڰ
˵ӳȻҲָԼͷɵĹϵãڸôؼʱڣҪ˫ҳ֪ÿ춼ȥģ׳⣡
㿴˵ģô˵Ҽ޵ɼȥأӳȻæмҲ÷ɼ޵Ǽң˼ҰҲⰡ˵÷̸ϲҵĹŮء
褰һۣãȥǼңСǼңҽŮ
ӳȻ̧ܣǽŮǽʰɣ
һţ˵ûŵģϽѧȥ
õ褵ġӳȻæץ˵·ͳţ˳ְѷſڵҲһ¥
¥µͰԱӳȻŶ߶µ˹ӷӹԼ޷ϣžůһ㡣
ŷϻûȫʧĺΣӳȻЦŶ˵û˼ϲ㣬㵹ǿԿǿǡ
ɲĿʲô
ӳȻЦǼ޸Ұ~
ֺˣһתСſȥӳȻȳ׷ȥǣɵֻ˦һ·ѧУſڲá
ǹñеҪ죬һգ۵ĹѾȫ濪ѧˣѧУ￪ʼѧָĶԱᣬǰʡص¹ʣְʦһĿΡ
ϣͬѧǣĳ˵һģʱѾˣµףһһڵĸϰʱ䣬Ҫúץ
ɼȻҪһǲҪ̫ѹ˵£Ϊ
***
ҽԺɾ͸˵ģ⿼¡
˵ȫеģ⿼ǾѧУԣʦ˵ѹҪ̫ƽĶԴͿˡһ˵ţһ߸ָס
ѾڲˣƤ˻Ǻˣֻǳǳİ̺ۣ˸
ҪĻǹۺ߹Ǵβˣͷò̫ףα˸Ҳ׺ãںǵľź˺ܶ࣬ÿμɵʱƺͦõģǻָѧУʱһ
ָ׳ˣһҲûЯԿ׿ָ׵ԼϵһųֽСĸ޼е㳤ָס
ĲֻСꡯļָǵͷŷɣԽԽƽ
ÿ켸ڰӣֻÿܺһ㡣
Ϊɻ
ͿͦһһڣЩӲԵôѰ
ɣܿ͸޼ָףﱵĥһ£̧ͷʵôҼû԰ɣ
ǳЦЦʲôܺá
˿˷Ҳܺãʰһ¼ָƬɲλ˵ϴθķϲϲ˵׼ӣҪҾ͸
ʵʲôڶģ
ϲʲôڶİ
ֻҪǺܲģҶԡ
ԱЦ㲻ϲܲˣҲϲԣŪܲڶİӡ
ͦõġǵʹü˵ԶǲסҲʲôֻԼԸķˡ
˺ǻġźǵ֣ο֮ǰ˼˵ΪʲôʳĶСӣȴʳΪ˴ӲȥԼϲԵĲˡ
㶣ŷɲɵЦ˵е
԰ɰοԺܶˣҲȥԼϲԵĶ̫ԹˣʵҲͦ׵ġ
ǳĬû˵
˵˵Ҹʱ򻹿ˣ̫¡
ǿһۣƵˣ
֪ͷ費ÿ춼չôûʲô
룬˵û̫ע
֪ǸĹϵ̫ã˵δ˿ĩȰƣɷɻǾ̧ͷͷοĸŮûҪֵô
˻չҲͦ׵ġɶ˵㻹Ҫץʱ壬Ժ
ţסε˵ҲǳԺĹġ
ɳЦЦָһƻ
ǾͿڲϣ۾һգգĶŷɵĶżͷɵ߶ϣҲǳ΢΢һЦ
ϲ
ķɣúܲϲ
ʼӳȻܺͷǣܺͷһ쵽һ
ǸҾͺˡ
ţ
ƻķǵĻ̧ͷո˵ʲô
ŷӦԼ֪Ȼﻰ˵ˡ
һ˲Ļź󣬺ǺܿͻָԼܲһֱôĬĬŵϲɣɵ̽һ¡
ɡǿ˵һϲˣ֪ӦӦס
۾һӾˣôҲû뵽ƽƽһ쾹ȻôһϣһһĺѧȻϲˣ
һ˲˾ֱʴϵˣ˭
ûлش𣬷Ŀŷɣʵܺ棿
Ȼ˰ɷ˵ƻŲ°ʴ˹ʶôãûĸ˼аСӣصù
ǸЦ˵ϲǸŮ
ŮҲûⰡûô⽨ˣϲŮҲûʲô˵ġ
ãӦøô
Ȼɶ˵ϲһûдϲӦֱӵĸԼ붫ġ
ǽضŷɣ΢΢˵ͷ˵öԡ
ɺʵǸŮ
㡣

ƽĿǰˣظһ飺ɣϲһֱ㡣


95 
ԹϳԵԼϵĸо÷е¡
ζûϵ, ǾȻϲҪ֪һ, ǴûжԼʲôԽľٶÿζǱѵľ롣
˵һֱϲŮԼ÷ɲ֪Ӧô½ӡ
ҡǸҡ
ɽŵĶϱڲϵҿƫͷ˵еҵϣҡҪúһ롣
ǿŷɽŵģɫ΢΢ɻǵ˵ͷûھʹӦ, Ժúһ롣
ɵ˵ͷҲܺӳȻԼļӽץԼ׺Ͱ˳ȥ
մ򿪲ţͿ費֪ʲôʱվſڣɫ԰׵Ŀŷ, ۶𾪺Ͳ⡣
⸱ģ˵, ϶˺ǶԼĸˡ
ɻŵ, òû˵, ƹĶӡ
ǿվԼſڵĸҲֻ¶΢΢ĲɫɺܿҲָƽֻǺһʱܲ, Ҳ֪ôˣ
***
뿪ҽԺеŵģͷ˿ȷû׷˿, ֲɵĳԼ˸ۡ
Ǵ²ôܻ׷ֲӳȻ, 鹷ƤҩһճԼ˺˺
ڹվ̨ϣ̾˿
ôϲԼأ
ö˶˵ģҲûϲԼ
ɲɵÿʼĥʲôʱϲԼģΪʲôö˶˵ƫҪס
ɻʱ򣬷ڿڴֻȻһ¡
ΪӳȻҲϢɴһŷǺǸһϢ
ǣոߵ̫죬ûüף㿼˳ȲˣúڼҸϰɡ
źǵϢʶ˿
ûãûбԼʵһ
Żظлл
ǰɿ϶˵ܶ໰Ȼ󻹻ῪЦĴȤһˣ˵ֵʱɶе顣
ظûɣ
ʲôɣ
֮ͨĶԻûɣ
ԽԽĻţԼǰͺǵЩܾٶǰһʱ򣬺ĺܰԼЦ
ԽԽֱӳȻ绰ɲֹͣԼҷɢ˼ά
ι
ӳȻüϲţƵʵҸȥǲ㣬˵ˣô°˵ؼҵôģ
Ҳ֪ӦȻشһ⣬ֻһ˵ҽԺſڵĹվ̨أɡ
ӳȻƣҲû룬˵绰ҽԺſȥ
ҽԺ˺ܶ࣬ӳȻĹվ̨ϿķɣԷץֻͷҲ֪ʲôô
ɣ
ӳȻߵԱߣͷ˵˵ȥôôͻȻԼܳˣ
̧ͷ˿˵ûʲôҪ˵Ҿ뿪ˣǸˡ
ӳȻɣڲȷɫ̫õĺ裬źμĸŮĹϵҲԸͣҲûʡ
ǺðɡӳȻ˵´żǵø˵Ұһˡ
ɵ˵ͷе
ӳȻе֣˼Ҳû˵ʵ飬ֻ˵û˯ãӳȻȷ̫õӣؼ֮ǰ˱
εʱ򣬷ɻڷ
ӳȻһԾ̧ͷڷǰ˻ΣŻع
ôˣӳȻ±ʿְӺǱ߻ǳǲʲô°
ûʲôء
ֻǱǸ˶ѡ
ǻ࿼ǿǰˡ
ʲô˵顣
ͷţʲô˵顣
ǸӳȻ⡣
űʣ˺þûǾߵˣĿŵ˵ӳȻַ衣
ϡ氡ӳȻЦȫУһĻҪ⣿
ˡķأӳȻƤЦľһţ˵飬Ц
һŵӳȻҲЦӯӯ˵úúãأҪʲô⣬ʰɡ
˼˰죬Сʵһѡ
ӳȻ
ϤĿס
Ǹ˵£ҷ˵ҪҪΪͬһ˶Ǹһ𰡣
ӳȻԾһ㶡
⻰ʲô˼
ʲôΪͬһ˶Ǹһ𡿣
Ǹ˭
ͬ˭
ⲻԶ׼ôӳȻ
뵱ĸ˫¿ǷɼŴӦһôˣ
Ϊʲôö˶˵⣿
Ƿɷʲô
ӳȻһӾųһ亹֪ԼԷɲ䲻ģǼҲΪæҵô
18Լϣ˵ҲԼ̽ʲôأ
һ뵽⣬ӳȻͲˡ
÷ɿǸͬˡ϶Լ
ǸҾðɡ
ӳȻҲʼץ룬Ŀİ˵иииⶫʵֺ֣ܶ˵ͬһҪһ𣬵ҾðɣǡţȻһˣǾӦúúõĹӣأ
ɶӳȻ˵ȥʲô˼ûס
ӳȻҲе㼱ˣ˵ͬģǣͬǸˣ˵ԵأǣѺ˽飬ӲһҸԲԣ
ˣȴоָͿˡ
ֻҪҪһΪʲôܸ˵飿
𣿡
ӳȻ亹ˣĨһѡ
ɿ⸱ģͺΣҲ֪ԼʸΪʲô˷Ӧô
ˣҲǰ״˵ץѾ꣬⻹ʣʮӾͽˣץʱɡ
ŷֿʼͷܱʼ飬ӳȻĵİķŻ˶
ӳȻɾͻϢˣʱ÷һѺóԵĹӳȻҵıˣһ㻨Ǯúסš
ӳȻҲĵûҷȣ⻹ǽʱͷһ⡣
ӳȻԼֵɣڴֻһֻͲȥ㿪˺ǵ档
ǵĶԻͣǾ䡾ллϡ
ɿǼ룬Լɵͬĺϲֲ塣
µȷܿҲԼɰ
Ҫô˵ɵͬһ˾͵úһ£Ⱳæù
Էúģ⿼ԽԸ˵
ͬͬ飬ϲϲɲϲˣ˭ҲЭ
ôˣɵ̬ҲƽˣˢʮֻɷɣŰĵĽ硣
***
ڶ죬ɾ;ӳȻܹŹ֡
ʱǿԼ˵·Լ˵Ҳûһһֱ
ɽͿʼţдˡ顿֡
˽˻ûأӳȻҦû£ץ˾˳ȥķһһ㶵ġ
ɵӽ쵽ôˣֵֹġ
˿ҦӳȻɫţҦѾʼϰˣԼ˸ƫƧĵطɢɢĿʵôҵС㣬ʲôҪҵ˵
ӳȻˣĵĴյҦĶߵҾãɺҵˣ


96 
ҦӳȻĻ, ɵ̧̧üë
ʲôܣҦ˵ƨɳ󣬻ʲôûֵģ
, ˵Ҵʮ飬ɺˣ

ҦŷӦ㶼ӳȻء
ö˶˵ģôᱻ˷أ
ôģҦʵƽҲûʲôرİǲεʱ˵λˣ
˯Ӳ˵λӳȻն˵ͻȻһ⡣
췢ԭԭĸҦæжһ·ɵôġ
ҦӳȻ˵Щ£°ĥ˺ܾò˵ȷ˵Ǹͬˡ㣿
ӳȻֱţ϶ҰȻ˭һԺ飬ԲŻ⣡
˵, ӳȻͽץҦʵǲǺڸһˣǲ飿
Ҧεķ˸ۣҲ˵ûһ𣬾Ҳʮ飬ڳЩǲ̫ԶЩ
𼱵ȹϵ, ҾֻҪ㲻˵, ɷֲܡҦοԼĺ˵˵Ǹֵͬ˵, 㿴ڿûз, Ҫͬأ
ӳȻҦ⻰˵úеⱲӷ˳ͥҸƺĲһҪͬˡ
ǾòԾ, ܾ÷ɻлָ
Ҧֻļο˺һ
˿̣ȹսվŵķȴ˵Ļһ
ǽɵơ
ӳȻʮˣ
***
ϰʱ, ӳȻźҦ˽ңϿķ, СԱߡ
ֻƳһּۣԼˡ
ͺûиȥ͵ǽһ
ӳȻĵһĿΣϰʱ̬ںһ㣬۷˵ǸǲԼѾĹˣʶԼĴ󣬿϶Էɷǳõġ
ҪǷͬ˽飬ǻӿ϶ҲǷǳҸġ
ӳȻ롣
ѧҦֱƮƮлߣӳȻɵһִֻһֻԼԷ˵Ҿ϶ˡ
ƳɫĽγһۣʵô֪
Ϊʱ䶼ܿİûϳӣЦǶֵˣôĿ϶ڽˡ
ӳȻĻûпӳȻòԾˣƫͷߵʵôˣһ춼Ʋֵģǲǵˣ
ûе¡ɲ̫ӳȻС˼̧ҵķȥһһ˵ȻؼҰɣôˡ
ӳȻӦһ͸ؼȥˡ
谵·ϻˣʻȥĽγŵƣյ˵ӰӿٵĴӶתȻһָֻԭģ
һ̸ӳȻûô˵Ƿȿ˿ڡ
ӳȻ
ǲʲôҰ
ӳȻ˸飬վԭؿŷɣҲͣ½ŲعͷʱſĿİ˵ûе飬Ҹ׶԰һˣʲô㲻ģ
΢΢ƫͷӳȻȥԼ۾
֪ӳȻиСëÿѵʱ򶼻С
Ӷ䣬ӣǲҿԼ۾϶û˵ʵ
Ҳ֪ôģʶ18ˣȻúĳ˲䣬ֱİˡ
հӳȻëˣǿԼŷɵ۾Ĵչǣ֣˵ɣûʲô㣬ֱ鿴ˡ
ú°
ɵ˵㲻Ļʲô鿴㡣
ӳȻ˵Ӳˣȷˡ
÷ԽԽ񳤴ˣʣ˵
رǷ޵ЦݣּЦֱķģӳȻĵװġ
ģǰһ
ӳȻʶ
ɿ˺ĪݺݵĵӳȻһۣƺһת뿪ӳȻ˼һӺ͸æ׷ȥ
ţţö˶˵ĸͻȻӳȻڷɵƨɺСĺţɸûȵˣҹûԣֱӻ˷䣬ĵӳȻϡ
ҹءһ죬ӳȻûϢš
ȻԿ׵ûǸֱӿţ·ַûƵò͸ûʵĴƼɽݣԷ˵˯ҽ𴲰
ûϢӳȻ˰ҲûȵɵĻشֻܻȻؼˡ
ڶһ磬ɻһ㣬˵Цģɵȳ˼ϵıһֱǰͷûͷӳȻһۡ
ӳȻĵĶû˯ãܾ÷ƺ֪ʲôҪԼˡ
ǰ11˯ϰ߱״ƣӳȻ賿˯ţҲ̤ʵε28ķɸԼ飬Ҳ֪ôʹľʹӦһӾʹоѡ
룬ӳȻе¡
һ·һ·񣬵ȵѧУſڵʱӳȻŷַڵԼ
ӳȻһһŲӣɾͺε̾˿
ôô³
ûУֻѡӳȻ͵
ɿ˿ʵҪҪŵܡ
ӳȻſڣɾʹ
㲻Ҫѣʲô֪թһȻصı˵ڸ˵ֻһλᡣ
ӳȻ亹ˣ뻹߹ȥקקɵ½ǣյ˵˵㣬ϸ㡣
ɿһۣ΢΢գգ۾
ɵӣƭ¾׼ˡ
ɻάǸ飬ӳȻУǵҷ䣬һһʮĽ
ϣŪ˵θˣɾҪϰΪɣκӳȻһԼķ䡣
ڷڴߣӳȻվһѶӡ
˵˵ɡɿһΣζˡ
ӳȻմŵһװ׵Ľ֭һ뵽ԼҪǽȫʵ飬˵ԺҲû׷ˣɾÿڸȥһס
ҽԡӳȻƹˤĳȰѽķꡣ
㶣źΣŲٺӳȻףȴԷֱ˹ȥ§ŷɵͿʼ
ӽķݣӳȻҪ׹С
׵ģͷԷҧˣ촽Ҳɫ۽Ǹ顣
ӳȻĸ첲ˣ˵˰ɣ
ӳȻŴǣԷ˵˵ܲţʵʮˡ
ɶʾ˵
ӳȻ򵥶Ҫİ˵Ĺϵһ飬Ǵθף28Լĸ˫кͷɽ飬ȫĸǰˡ
ǲŵģӳȻڷ֢˵Щ飬ɱø档
Ҳ˼⣬ӳȻԴԼġ
ô˵Ϊҹ̫ܵ࣬ԻҲ䲻ȵģ
ӳȻŻˣæҲǶ㲻䲻ȣֻȽæֲϲôؼһӦ꣬ʵమġ
ն˵
侲룬̧ͷӳȻԣտѧʱΪҸ׵ǴΣȻȻľܾңڸҳϹϵԲԣ
ӳȻͷҡ˲˹ģץŷɵ˵ΪӰ㿼ѧ㻮ޣ
ɾú߼ͨ
ӳȻ˵ǰģǻ϶ҸڲһֻΪҪúÿѧδһ飡
ޱȵļţ


97 
ɿżֱ, ҲӳȻεҡҡͷ
˵ǸԼ, ɷɻûĸоΪӳȻ˵ǱˣԼǿ˵Ĺ£ӳȻġ
ӳȻʵͦϲģ˵㲻ֺҵİ飬Ҳϸˮˡ
۳ӳȻ˵ֶʼˣҲ̫ᣬֻܵĶ˵Ȼȥɡ
ӳȻĸһȥ, ץŷɵֶ˵ҽ⡣
ȥһԼûˡ
òײźõϱҪΪˣĻ޵ĺܲҺܲҡ
ɵĴ˯ȫģӳȻֱӴӼﱧͷ, ûȷɷӦϴ˱, ̺ÿ, ӳȻŴ̱ʾԼů
ûа취, ӳȻ˾һһֻȥˢϴϴ˯
ҹ˶ûʲô˯⣬ӳȻȫΪµ, ѾΪ춼û˯þˣڷɵ߸շת೹ҹߣܾ÷ɻʱرɺˡ
, ˯𣿡
ӳȻƽڴϣСߵˡ
ʵҲû˯, ӶӳȻ˵ЩԺ
ӳȻڽɱ۾ûд
ӳȻûѵĻӳȻӹò⣬ûӳȻ˵ôԼ
֪ǸǿƵˣÿӳȻȾӦ갴ʱؼҵĻǿ϶ǱƵûа취ˣӣԸٴν
28ķѾۏһλˮڵӦΪ䣬ȥԼ·
ӳȻӦԶһ㣬Զһ㡣
ȥȥϲ»صѵλϣʵľ롣
ҲǷӦѡ
һʼӳȻ
ߵʼûлӦӳȻΪ˯ˣʹŵӷ΢Ĺ⿴Ųߵˡ
ɱӳȻװ˯оԷתԼǲᡣ
ιϵɡ
ѱ˸ʡ
ڱȭͷǿԼ˯ȵڶֱӸӳȻ˵˶á
ɾڷ¶ĵʱ򣬺Ȼо˾Ȼĵ˹ſ§ס˷ɵ
ʶ۾
ӳȻë׵Դĺ󲱾˯ͻȻʪĸоӳȻҲ΢΢Ĳ
ڿޣ
ʶתȴǿûж
вС
ΪӳȻν𶹶ͻת⡣
Ѿ̤ƬˣӳȻʲôأһʼҲźԼֻ
ʲôء
Ҳñģǰʼʪ󣬾ȻʼӳȻһᡣ
Բ𣬵ҲáӳȻͷڷɵɳƵ˵ҶĹĲֻᣬ㣬ȴ֪ʵҲ
ӳȻԼǾ÷˯ˣСֻ
һֱûüɵǸ18ķɣ28ԼҲûǸ
һΣӳȻ񶼲֪ԭΪôࡣ
ΪûȥõѧУ
ΪӺŮͱ˵ӡ
ҲΪԼ룬һһĬĬŵͨˡ
ЩǺ˵ӳȻԼⱲӶ֪ɾжమŻΪôѡ
ڵӳȻǸʱķɵǸѾˣֻܱǰһܵץסһ˿ϣ
֪ˣúôɵġ
Ұɡ
ӳȻֳֵ÷һʱֲڸԼ˵͸ԼǸ˵
±۾ȸոոˡ
***
ڶһ磬ͿӳȻ׳ҵ۾ԡ
ôɵӲһҹɣ
ɺε֣ӳȻ۾ɵ̾˿
СôֻꣿƵ۾ε˵ôһͿްôûϢԺôҸ飿
ӳȻԾһ㶣ƴĵɴԼ۾ץŷɵ˵˵ʲôܲ˵һ飿
˵˵ôһͿްûϢ
䡣
Сôֻꣿ
ɡ
Ҳˣ˯һ˲٣ûôˡ
ӳȻ˵Ҳ֪ûĻڸģ˵ЩҲû֪Ӧô졣һǾáӦøһλᡣ
ӳȻֶɵķ
ƫͷ鷢ڼϣ㲻ԸĻǾˣǻѰɡ
ӳȻæֱͷԸԸ⣬˭˵ҲԸģһһ飡
ô˵鲻Ҳź
ӳȻ޿˵ô໰ɽ϶ҪӳȻ޵ġ
ƫƫôɣɾû˯ӳȻĻȫ˶
Ȼ˿ͦɵģɷɾӳȻôѹٸһλҲǲС
ãӳȻӦǸĹ˰ɡ
ԺҪǾϵˣʱɶ˵Ҳ־ŲŵˣǺþۺɢ
þۺɢ⻰һͱӳȻס͡
ûкþۺɢӳȻն˵Ƕͬһ±Ӽһ𣡡
ɾе̫ˣ18
ӳȻĵ˵ԼĻ˵˿϶Ǽٵġ
ǡ
ӳȻСĶԷ˵ǲǴӽ쿪ʼͽˣ
˵ʲôأɫҿû˵Ҫ㽻ˡ
ӳȻƲҵĿ
˵˵ģȸ߿ٿǽ飬ڸҲûõġ
ӳȻ
ǰԼ˵ĻԼӳȻ֪ʲôʯͷԼĽˡ
Уȡ
ڸҲûʲôˣֻҪԭô˵
ˡʲôתͷӳȻ˵һûи㡣
ӳȻ
ɳ˵ǸҸˣҾ
û˵꣬ɾͿӳȻ䡯һƱվŽźʲôʱ׵ģûӦûӦ
ɱöۡ
ӳȻֺ㲻ܴӦţ㲻ϲϱˣ
Ŷ䣬Ѿʼԭˡ
***
ҽԺ˲ڣŸմʳôƤ࣬һһڵĺš
սŵһӵζ̣ûסֱ
ҲˣԼµûڵأٿԼǰ࣬ôˡ
ΰְһݾŮµæеˮ˹һĴŮ˵ı˳һֳƿµĿȪˮȥڡ
ԼԼ˵ʲô˵̫СˣһʱҲ̫
ܿ죬ɫ԰׵ı˳
ΰְֿһڳ͵ĺǣͶ˵ԼԷҴȥϢһ¡
ûп˳š
Ĳţǵڽ̸ʲô
Ӧôô󡭡鵥ˡ
̫ףҲûǸ˼ȥƽϣһֺֻ࣬඼֮󣬺ΰְֲŴ˽
أǿͷʵ£岻𣿡
ΰְֿһۣһ
ǣû취չˣְִ
Ϊʲô
üĺ𣿡
ΰְҡҡͷʳָĹǽڲžԺ˵ʵ
ûΰְ˵ֻǻˡ


98 
ˣ
ǲ΢΢۾, ڹϣԼڲһܶ, ˾ȻĻ̥
ΰְֿɫѿĺǣ˵ĲףҲǸˣ涼ע⣬԰ְִͲҽԺչˡ
仰£Ǿһ¡
ǰĺǣ˵Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôö˶˵ĻҪһӣ
Ϊʲôƫƫʱ
ɺûпڡ
֪ԼǱĸ, ǲŻѡһӡ
ǾڲϣŲ԰׵컨壬֣ԭʱʲô
***
ϰѧ󣬷ɸӳȻһ߳У, Ҧָҵķȥ
һģʱͶ, ⼸ʦǸһƴİſγ, ϰϿ, ÿĿγ̰ŵģ޲24Сʱ뻨
Ƶ·һŵţӳȻԴӺͷɰеܶ˺ܶ, ˾ŷɵ֣һ·һ·룬˲١
һȥԾɣӳȻǲгڵһ, ôһ6Ǯǿϰп, һһ롣
ɸ׼ڣڿڴֻͣ½ŲʾӳȻ˵Žͨ
ιǡ
ӳȻһǵһӾ˶䣬΢΢۾˹һҸǴҪֵı顣
ɲͷƿӳȻԵ绰˵ô㻹ûϢ
šǿͷϣֻһյţͷԼǰİɫѧҼǵʱ¿εģӦûдŵɣ
ûаЦŶԺ˵ôˣ˵ô
û˵˰β˵
ӳȻ˿̾ſڷɵĶԱߣǵ仰һ䲻ĶʱܻľҪ䣬ۼֿס졣

ӳȻĶԼţأ
ɲȥӳȻʵںʲôֻǾúǽе㲻̫Ծ
Ҫ֪Ǹ֣ʶôʱϴӲ绰ʲôͷϢ֣֡
ҹͻȻ˸绰е㲻
ǣǲʲô°
û˵ֻ绰Ǳǳǳĺ
Ҳ֪˶ãǲŶԷ˵ûʲô£ϢɣҾȹҵ绰ˡ
ɻ˵ʲôͿȹҶ˵绰üͷ
ӳȻ˾ֱӰִԼ߷ߵ˵ͬҡ
Ƴһۣ˵ǲˣϸҴ绰϶ˡ
ӳȻ˹ӣС˵Ҳˣɡ
ŶҪŮ˹ˣ¡
ɶ֪ʲô˼ɻǶ˵ȥҽԺٳʲô⡣
ܳʲôⰡ
ӳȻĵ׷ֹ²ˣֻһֻֻܶܳʲôأ
Ұ⻰˵żε̾˿
аȡӳȻ˵ȥҽԺɣȻҲϢá
ͷ˱·߽˳ֱȥ˺ǵҽԺ
ҽԺֱסԺסԺ̽ʱˣֵ໤ʿסˡ
˭ֵ໤ʿ˴Уһ۵ɵķ̽ʱѾˣҶϢˣҪɡ
ӳȻԱֵ໤ʿ㣬ǸѧϰƽûʱҽԺģͨһǽȥ
Ҳ˵ǰ㣬ͬѧסǵ˲ŵ˵ġ
ֵ໤ʿƯСһһĽţɵķŻŶǽȥɣ̫ãⶼʮҲץؼˣȻҳżˡ
ӳȻЦӯӯĳǻʿ˵лл㣬ǿһ۾ͳˣ
˵ţֱץŷɵֽ˲
˲˲࣬ⶼ10ˣҲû˳ȣֱǵĲȴڿſڵʱԼԼ洫һЦ
סӳȻһۣŷֺǲûйʵ˵
ʱ򣬾ǿˣļûɣ
鶼ͦõģҽҪע⡣
Ǻǰ
úúáΰְ˵ãĵķ˵ʱͱҽԺˣڼҺúð̥ʲô͸Ҵ绰Ұ˻ȫ㻤Ͳ̫ˡ
ɳϵ˵ͷһ۽յ䷿ţŶɷ˵¸˵ˣ
˵˰ΰְֵкһϲ£ΪӦø˲ǡ
ǣӦø˲Ŷԡ
˻䣬žͱƿӳȻͷվſڰ˸ոյĶԻȫ˽ȥ
ӳȻɫĿǰλҳҪ׶ʵţǵŮΪ˻ڲû취ȴѾʼƻ̥顣
˵˭˭ɵеĵҲѡʱ
ʱҪӣпǹǵĸ𣿡ӳȻʵΪʲôԭ¥ǲ𣿡
ɫһӾͱˣΰְֵֻɫ˳ӳȻ˵⺢ӣô˵ģ
ô˵أ
ӳȻŲʲôСģ׷ҲǸʮˣ˵վ˻ýԼһء
ޣ˭Ըݣ
ּͥǵ˰˱ù
ӳȻĿǰˣͲ䵱˼Ҹĸ
ΰְԾͼˣվ˵ʲôĲ˺ǵ
ӳȻ
лҪ˵
ļ˶ͷ˿ţקźΰְȥӳȻŴŷɽݣֱӴϡ
ǿ̧ĲϣŽݵ˵˵ôˣ
ɸæ˹ߵ˵ӵĵ绰Ҿв̫õԤУӳȻֱӹˡôû°ɣ
ҡҡͷһЦݣ˵ûµģ绰˵˵ûʲô뷨
𣿡
š
̧ͷӳȻ΢΢ζ
ӳȻҲڵƫͷ
˵ĻҶˡ˵лл˵
ӳȻؿһԣû硣
ڿûԼء
йУμҰҲ̫ˣ붼
ڲǰüͷ΢ʵô°ôͻȻˣ
ӦǷ˰ɡƽ˵ǾûʲôϢһ
ӳȻԱΪǴϷ˾ٴСţ
ɻͷһۣתͷԺ˵ӳȻ˵̫㡭
ӳȻ˵Ҳû
ѵò˵Ļ˵ǵȷǷˣԲŴһ
ǡ
ûʲôģôҲûд
ǿŷɵӣοûµģ㲻õҡ
ֿһվԱߵӳȻ̧ͷ˵ʱ䲻ˣҲûȥˡ


99 
ǵƽ, ӳȻͷҲûа취οʲôֻܶӲ뿪˲
뿪ǰ, ΰְֵɫ̫ãһ仰û˵
ӳȻҲϡ˵ʲôŷɾ뿪ˡ
ҽԺȳʱ򣬷ɵüͷǽţǵ־Լһæﲻϡ
⳵ϣӳȻŷɵֶ˵ˣҲ̫ˣǺǵļ, Ҳû취롣
ɿһۣƵ̾˿
Сſ˳Ϳ褺վԺǣ˲к˹
ôôŻȥ˰ɵ, ۵˵㿴ⶳ, Ͻؼ, Ҹ㽪ȡ
ǸոȥҽԺͬѧ, ̡ɹɵĸߣһһ˵ȥе㼱˸, ǵˡ
ЦЦʵǸµͬѧɣôˣ
Ҳûô, 鲻̫ãȥ
Ŷ, 鲻ÿǴ£뿪㣬Ժ·ôأοѰٻء
˵öԡ
·Сĸʾʱɱ㿴ָĳ档
סСǸСˣ󣬵ʤڵλúãĵλȥﶼܷ㣬ǷСơ
ˣе㱾µĶ·ȥסˣķӱȥˣԼ۸񶼲ر
ɶЩⷿĹ棬Ȼ˸뷨
***
ڶ죬ɾͰҦӳȻеߣ˵Լļƻ
סԺҲüˣҽ˵žʱܳԺˡ
ɶԶ˵ҵ뷨ǣԺס
ӳȻԾüᵽģߣҰ
ҼңסҼҲ㣬СôⷿӵģҲ󣬾ͼٿǮǻһ徻ĻɶӳȻ˵
Ҧ˱ԴǮʲô⣬ͬ𣿡
ӳȻҦһۣεİ鶼Ҧ궼ˡ
ʱУʲôҦõ˵㴴С
԰˵ǳԺ˻صҲ徻ģοǸչҲǻ飬ȻˣΪʲôطأ
⻰˵õҲе
ǰɣ
ɼͬԼĹ۵㣬˵ҽַھסô꣬ҪһӦҲʲô⡣
ҲԸһסչ˺ҲȽɰɣ
ԣǽˣǷѧĩҲ˵˵ܱһ˴ڼ￴ԼĸĸҪð
һֱ˶ԻûӳȻ˺ܾãŵĵͦõģǸĸͬ⣬Ҳûа취ϾǵŮ
ɷѣͷǼᶨ˵Ҵһԣһܳأ
ҦҲͬҲÿԣǹ￴ͦõģܾôˡ
˶ͬǾûбҪȥѰӳȻˣľϷѧȥҽԺǰ˵¡
ϰ˿ΣҦĵû뿪ǸŶ׼һȥҽԺǡ
Ļ˵һ˶һٴĻռƵġ
˾÷ǳе
˾͵ҽԺſھȥҸλͣˣɲŴ˽ҽԺ
λֵĻʿ㣬ξȻˣ˻ȫһУЦӯӯ˵ͬѧ˰
ĺǵĻʿ㣬Ҳǽȥɣһͳ
ʿҲûʾǿȥء
ɺܰ˲ǰԼԼ˵СҲ̫
ɿ˿ߵˣŴŵ˷š
ںܿʹһŲһİŮ˴˷ţǰУСƵ˭
ǴδӦǺǰĻɡ
Ů˿ŵĶһ˵ע⣬ʵ˭
ţԺ˵ӣӦǵͬѧɣ
ڵ·վʱɫҲ̫ÿ
ÿ鲻ÿǷеĶ˵ǽɡ
Ƚݣһż׵۵űӺͷΪůʮԱ춼ʱܵԱߡ
һΪ׼ġ
áȴкԺ˵ǹģмһġ
ԱƣԭΪҺǵģȴû뵽Լġ
ҸʲôŮ˲ʵ
˿ǣʶϴþ߶Ժ˵ţȥϴһ£ʲôٽҡ
˵ͷƹ˳ȥˡ
Ȼ뿪󣬺ɳϿվǰˣʵ˵ɣʲô飿
̣ǿԺ˰ɣ
ǣҽ˵Ѿûʲô̫ˣؼԴͿˡ
Ǵӻؼ𣿡
費ĿŷɣҵŮҲؼһܽȥ
ɶ˶٣һ˵̣ڵ϶ûа취չǵģҪ赼»˵һ¡
ʲô
룬ܴӼȥס
ԾЦˣǰŮ˵СδҲ̫쿪˰ɣģôȥס
Ǹ˻𣿡ɿŮ˵У϶Ҳûа취չǣԺﺢ·ݴˣעⰲ̥
Ծüͷ
Ȱ˵Ȼû취չҲ̬ܶһ㡣
룬ҡҡͷҲչҲƤӵ´ţҲܰġ
Է˵㻹С㲻Ϊһĸ׵ĸܣǶ˵ҪǾԲԼȥסġ
ǰ𣿡ʾ̫Ҳѡ¥
ҡ
һʱ֮䲻֪ӦôǰˣǾԼŮԼǰܲġ
һ뵽Ѫеģֲɾ
ԥʱŵķ㴫˺ǵ
裬ǽɣл˵
Ծ̧ͷǰŮˣԥһ£ջǵ˵ͷ˽ȥˡ
ҦǵһǣҲֻһ֮Ե֮˵ͷǴкˡ
˰
ǿڲǰǰСϷһƽ壬֣ǵ顣
ɴչʵ㲻ҪϢôô鰡
ʲôҽԺҲĵġɵ˵ô˰ô˼˲𣿡
ͱ˰ɶ˵ո˵Ļ㶼˰ɣ
ǵ˵ͷ
ӳȻôأСвٷӳ⣬Ҳһ¥ķӣ˼žȥԺתתҲҪҺͷɶǸСʲôҲиӦ
ҲͷǰʵԭӦûؼҾģڵһԺԼסҲá
վſڿĸˣﲻЩġ
ǣĬ˰˵Ҿ˵еȥס


100 
ĵһģ⿼ʱѾ, ǳԺӺܲɵҲһ졣
ԭΪǵİ϶ȥĵطסȴϵƽ˳, ΰְֻһˣͻһѡһλòһ¥ʼá
ɼÿ϶Ƿ￴һۡ
Ϸӵװ޶ϸ͵Ĳΰְ˸רҵװŶӣôİӶһߣˢͷǽᣬûʲôǿʱߵװ
еʱǰһŴеʱſֶ˸, Ѵװϵʱ򣬾ǳԺѾûмˡ
Ϸһĸֻ֣ʮƽף䶼ССģס˻ûκ⡣
ģ⿼, ɻĺܲ˳, ӳȻȰ, Կ˵ġ
Ϊǿ, ѧУĵôҿǰѧؼңӳȻҦһϼƣҲûȥĵط, ֱǼС
ַڶ֪Ժһھӣ죬ɿǼҵǿŵ, к˴˹ȥ
ˡ
ţĻ, Ϳʵ𣿡
Ŷǰ̼ǵλСѣк˵˰Ϣأǽȥɡ
۾ˣ̴кͽҡ
Ҳ󣬵ҲһԣһϹ񣬴ʵľģӦǴӺԭġ
ǾڴϿ飬̨ڴͷɹͨ͸յĺǵɫ˺ܶࡣ
ôˣǷе飬ʵ첻ǿ𣿡
ǿ԰Բͷѧôɴչһºǵľסװ޵ķӿܰˣҾ߶ԭľɫû̫ҵĶͷǳ
ǵĴβһΣ¹û˵׵ֻȲ˱ȽأֻҪúһ컹վġ
Ĵߣ˺۲Цɫ˺ܶడ֮ǰˡ
ҲЦЦҽԺȽѹ֣ڳԺ˾ͺ˲١
Ժ˾ͺáЦӯӯ˵ԺԺǾͿԾˡ
΢΢˵ͷЦ
ӳȻ˿̱ؿűߣ۶Ǻ⣬Ҧҧˡ
ˣôôҦø첲ͱͱ˵ɲã㲻ҲͬǰôڷڿѾˡ
ӳȻƺһҿɴû˵ͬ⣬ͬȻ󲻿ҵĸܡ
Ҧĵĸҧ䣺ôʲô±˲֪Դװ
ӳȻԸˡ
Ҧ֪ڳԴףȴ֪˸߲ҵĸ졣
Ȼصң϶÷ɸۣ
ӳȻ߷ߵ롣
ź˵һ˽ӳȻ֣ԭ°ؼңԺӳȻץһ١
ôûϿΰŵ綯ʵǲӿˣ
ӳȻԼĺԩ
̡ҦվӳȻԱ߽͵ģ⿼ԣѧУϰǾͻˣĲӿΡ
΢΢۾ԼĹŮʵ𣿡
ǧȷӳȻģôѧأҿǸѧ
褿ȷ˵ѵӣ΢΢˵ͷҦ˵ȻˣϾҼҳԷɣý㣬ͷⱬԣ
ҦԲѾϰˣԾЦ˻Ǿллˣ
Сأûѧ
Сͬ˵ء
ŶСʵǸʡصµĺӣ
ӳȻҦˢˢĵͷ
褱ĵ˵һˣҲһݡ
ϵʱӳȻͷɾʹõķ¥Ҳһ
***
һģĳɼܿͳˣɻȫУһҲǰʮ
ԼԾɲɵĿʼơ
˵һοȫУһǿãֿȫУһʼԼǲ⡣
ȻôɼͻȻôã˹Ƶġ
ҾãΪݷԵʡӳȻһ߰һ˵˳ְѰõӷ˷ǰС
˷ҲûʲôҪԼһȥǵļ
úǼһ¯ӣ¯ӾǸ̼Сչޣһ˿ˮԱٰһȦӵ֮ģ׵ľǴ¯
ڵ컹ͦ䣬ﵹǺůͣҲֻһϿ졣
Բ¡ɰٰ˷ڷǰһ۾Ͷӷ˺ǵϡ
ӳȻɵۣ
˵Եӣӽˮģˡ
ҲûпӹɵݹӱЦлл
ӳȻաŹӣһĲˡ
ҦǾ˼Ц˵İɣҼǵӳȻǰɣ
аӳȻŹӵƳһۣҪ𣿡
а
ֻ塣
Ա̧ͷһۣǽ첻˵Ҫѧϰôֿʼˣѧϰƻ𣿡
ҦЦüۣҲѧϰòһϢʱ䣬÷ɷ
Ҳ˵ݽϣֻѧϰ
ε̾˿аɣǻǵдӣǾµ緹֮ǰɡ
һļϣӳȻ¥̣ɺҦ¯Ϩ˻ᵽ˳ŲһԭľɫĲ輸м䣬׼ʱú塣
Ǿϣŷɸ̰õɰ٣ʵôµİ
ԾͺܾĿ㲻𣿡
ҡҡͷ
СѧϰĿγҲǸѧϰйأûʲô֮ĿΣټϺĿȽǿϢҲһ¼Ƭѧ
Ժǻû¹Ϸ
ҦҲϡ棬ź˵һӳȻùһ֣ǽ㣬ر򵥡
ǲ̫˼˵ǻ᲻ܵǣ
ʲôģңһ֪ôˡҦظ֤
ӳȻʱ򣬾ͱ֪Ҫһ֣΢΢һ±ͬˡ
رǴû¹ʱ
һû˵ڿҵ۸۸ˣ˭Լأ
ǣǿǷԲʮûжֵġӳȻչε˵ʱҪˣɱ۸㰡~
ǿ˿ǰ˵飬˵ͷҲġ
ȴɵķ˸ۣĺǵļ˵ҽսҲֻСĺӶѣȥ˭²
ҲˡӳȻűǰˣ
û¹˿һС޺ɫӶӳȻ˵ȿʼɡ
ӳȻЦüۣ˭֪˭˭ӮǼȻӮͲˣ
ડһӳȻһŰӷмԪλã΢΢üëʾ塣
ǲ̫أɺҦվָ
һ߾Ӯ˾͵öҦŶԺ˵ֻԿСĵ㡣
ǵ˵ͷֻû˵һźӣʮǧλϡ
ӳȻ&Ҧ&ɣ
ǲ̧ͷˣСʵ´𣿡


101 
գգ۾, ݸԺЦûУʵҲ·, û´
Ҧû˵ֻĺǵļ̧ͷӳȻ˵ŵ㰡˼ҿ֡
ӳȻЦ۾ûˣһŰӵ֪͵ſҴְɣ
ԭΪǲֻ˵˵ѣɵӳȻ¾Ӯ˵ʱ˲׺˵ġ¡Ĳ£һٶġ
ǵһϡͿ, ΢΢üźǺͷɵĽͺԼոʧ
𣿡ӳȻƵ˵
ǵ˵ͷС޵ͷ˵һְɡ
һֺĺܿ죬ɵڶǽѾӳȻտʼ, ǣźǵ׷Լ, ɵ˺Ӷ, ͷ־Ѿ, ʼˡ
գӳȻΪһúӣӮ˵ڶ֡
ӳȻզ, ˺һۣʤһӾˣ
Ҳûоܾһʮ, ӳȻȻһζûӮ
ɺҦѾʼˣǱ߻ץ, 㲻ɵʵӳȻӮ𣿡
ش𣺡ûС
ӳȻˣٿӮ֮һĹĵ˵˲ˣʲô˼
ҦԱͷڰ⣬ЦӯӯĴչһ۾ЦӳȻ㲻аôֶ²أ㲻˵㷽Բʮûж𣿡
ȥȥȥ𿿽ңһֵĴζӳȻĶҦ˵
Ӵ߳ŭ
ûУ
ǿ˴֣˿ָ̣һλ˵ʵոҪܶżغϡ
ҦԾЦ˼£
̫˼ĿӳȻǸ治˼
ӳȻ
˵ĵǸôоôأ
ҲͷĻ˹̾ЦƽӳȻ嶼²
ѵġƽ˵㷨ܼ򵥣rook polynomialsҲǳʽ㷨BΪnƵ̣rk(B)(k=12n)BĲͬвͬȡkСĲͬĿȻѧJohn RiordanогĽλʱĶʽҲһӦùɡ
˵꣬ǲŷΧ˶˵ˣʶı졣
Ҧգգ۾ʵrookʲô
rook polynomialsʽ
ǲǽŵĿˣС˵Ҿ˵һΪʲôӮ԰ʲôҪǲԺ˵
ûûСҦĿźǣЦ˵ѧ԰ȫѧ¸Ҳ׹ʽ
ܵġ˵κ鶼йɿѰҲһġ
ӳȻƹԴֻ֪ԺԼҲҺˡ
ʱѾ˲ˣĸСѾЦʵԷ̸ŪóԵģ
ǰķģи˻˵Ҳһ
ҦǸԻǰϲӳȻҵķˣڷķҲܺóԣҲͷһӦọ̃Զ⣡
ӳȻĿһۣ˼Ҽôأ̲ô鷳Ҿ輦˿XFZ
Ŀˣҡҡͷ
˷֮͵úúҵˣҲûԶںǼдҵǱѧڼң˿̿дҵдҵɵ鶼ȥˡ
û벻Ļ˵ҲһѴһдҵ
Ҳ˵ãϾǳ˷֮⣬Ҳûмѡ
ټӸҦ
ӳȻҲԸԼѵĻҲˡ
΢΢ŴͷһϣԼܹõĿһ㡣
ٿһ㡣
***
죬һҹ֮ٵġ
Դӹ˴ֺԺľݶѿ̵ĳ֦ϣҲɵľƽ˺ܶࡣ
Ǹ͵ˣټϺΰְָĶ࣬ȻǰѺǵ׹Ůһչˡ
糿һ𴲿ͨ磬ѷ̨ĻݶᵽԺ棬Ҳһ´յů
ס˿һ£Ѿͽַڹϵĺܺˣżھ͵˵ķ˺͵ģҲˮ͸˼ң
糿ǱȽģ̸հѻ⡯¥ӳȻͷɵ
ٵˣӳȻһ̨׵ͷͿɻһһ׵£ʱżˡ
ܳٵģʲôɿ첽ɵԹһҪĥĥģˣ㣡
̿ӳģЦк˵СɣȻȻѧȥ˰Թ緹𣿡
Թ̡ɱһֺۣǵķŽգʵ𣿡
֪Ӧû˯ɡ˵ÿţѧϰôæ
ЦԽԽãٹþܲʯˡ
ҲЦǰֵʯȥҽԺˣҲվˣȥѧɣٵˡ
õ~
Ϊྣ˵һʱ䣬һǰһܳСԺš
ʰԼĻݲݣŻݿû𴲣򿪷ŵʱͿѾ۾ֱӴ·
𶯱𶯣̸æչ·ΪȽŶ˲㣬ÿ촩·Ǹڵ顣
ǵ·ҲǸĹģû취ˣ϶Ǵȹӣٸһ̺Ҳʲô
¾ͰӼ򴦸ĳ˿ϵķʽһҲô¡
ȰǴ·ٰϣǲʵոǷɺӳȻ𣿡
ǰѧȥˡù̺ӰҴãŶ˵ʲôȥϸ򡣡
룬˵ӳȻ˵һҰİӺܺóԣ볢Ǹˡ
̵˵ͷУڼҺúôﶼ𶯣ȥſ˾ͻ
ȻǲҶģȥء
뿪Ųȥԡϴ˸պҲϴˡ
ǰ̰ѰӺʢԺ˵ҿҪҪȥɹɹ̫
ɹ̧̫ͷһȷ
£ǱͷǾͳȥɹɹ̫ɡ
˷ʰ˶̾źǳš
ԺΧŸʽĻľһЩ͵˶ʼ޹ﺢӣСҲ
һǽ֮ǽֵϡǱߴߺһжԵƽְ
һźŻ̳ߣһϸĶ˵ǣ¸ֱϵʯܲˣʱҲĻֻʣ˫ϵҪˣȹ²˸ְ壬ֿԸӳȻһѧˡ
߲Ӱ˺ǵϣ̧ͷ˿³ɫ֦ѾɵҲ˲١
š
αɢЦͦá
ԭʹȻƽܰһ졣
еʱǶ룬ܻ̫ˡ


102 
һ¡
Ҳʲô̫, Ǻ֮ǰҽԺĸףҲûлӦԷ
ЩҲû, ɾͲ֪ӦôھܾҪҲûжٻܹദÿʱÿ߶ӳȻߣͺܲ㡣
ϰվ·ߵȵ۳ըá
ֻһСƳ̯λĺãѧϰĵ㣬ʱӶˣһԵĶС̯ΧסŶӵĵԼĿá
۳ըִ, ٹһ𽴺Ȼ2Ǯһ
ӳȻ·̯̫ɾҪǵ۳ﶼǿƼݻɼܲסɰԣӳȻֻһȡ
ʮӲŵǵ, Ҫ, ָӳȻһڵȥ
ӳȻҧſԴ, ΢΢۾ϴһ, 㬵˵ǸǴİɣ
ɿһۣÿɷ
ӳȻˣľͰһ, ˵
ӳȻײɰɰǸ󣬳˵ǸǴ, 㲻ѾԹһ𣿲ԵĻҸǮȥ򡣡
ӳȻԸ, ԷɸǸ
ɲѿڴһȾˣӳȻں׷һ׷һߺ㵽ǰһǰ
˴ֱҪǰصңɾֱ˺Ǽſڣš
ڻʮӣǺ̶û˯̾Ϳţվ˱Цѧ
ǵ̡ʵ˯𣿡
̻ûлش𣬾˺һǷɷѧ𣿡
ǣӦһÿ˵ɣ滹ͦġ
˽ݣɱֱ˺ǵңڴͷǰһһƽ壬Űɫĵݱдд
ڸʲôأɺĿһֺۣǾȻ⡣
Ƿ˱ʣ˵Ҳͦĵģǰϰⶼûһ¡
Ծ˵㲻Ҫ̫ǿԼڵҪǺúϢ
˵ţɲŰѿڴеĿ˳ݸ˵Ǹģ֪㰮ԡ
ԵĻ͸ӳȻԣҲ˷ѡ
ûоܾЦŽ˹лл
Цüۣÿ
ӳȻȣվڷſڶԷ˵ʱ䲻ˣǻȥϢɡ
żӾϢƽûôȻ֪ӳȻʲô˼˹ȥ˵ҰѶȥҸ˵仰
ӳȻæסüͷ˵˵ʲôñܿҰ
ءɫĶ˵ȥˡ
۳ŷĲﰭۣӳȻֻ㬵ıŷɵš
ǿ˿ӳȻ뿪ıӰε˵ϲ㣬αôأ
ĺˣһ鷳ءε˵
ǲԵĿ֪ɸӳȻ˻ÿ춼һأҲ˼˵
ɽҪ˵绰ŶУ͵õĸ
ûܡ
ǡһ£ŶԺ˵ϴҽԺ˵Ļ˺ܾá
ʵҲûá
ɿź˵Һ㻹ǲ̫ܣѾϲˣĶԲ𡣡
ֻǳĬ˰Σ΢΢۾
ʵʱһֱûлӦǾѾ֪Լûʲôϣˡ
˴СûʲôѣΨһϲҲϲ˱ˣԼ⸱ģôͦʧܵġ
ûйϵ˵ϲ£ҲǲǿģǾףӳȻиýɡ
ɿ˿ŵ˵ͷ
˵ˣɷɻϣܸѣҲôģ˵ĹϵҲû̫
۳ʱˣɱˣžͿӳȻԼվںڰ¥ݿڣһ˫۾ĿԼ
΢΢һ㶣̧˹ȥ
ôⰡҲ¥𣿡
ӳȻЦһֻһֻǣŷɵ֣˿ոո˵ģڴڶˡ
ɵһۣ͵˽Ǻûòġ
˭Ҹϳ͵͵˵ҵ㱻۸ֻǽˡ
ڶܶô۸ң̫˰ɣ
ӳȻ˺ߣչһڷɵĴǣֺõ˵˵ϲˣǸ𣿡
һӾͺˣ˦ӳȻ־¥ߡ
ôҰӳȻ׷ȥʵǲң϶ҰɣȻϲˣʲôʱͬҽ
ɱ߶߶ʷˣعͷӸµĿӳȻôô˵ø߿ô㲻˵
ӳȻһʱ
⻰ȷʼ˵ġ
ӳȻڸо⻰͸ħһͷ֮ҴܣÿӳȻһʱ򣬷ɶóӳȻ޻˵
ɿһίҲε̾˿ӳȻ˵ˣҲ¶ı飬Ҳ۸㣬Ӧҵ˼
ӳȻ۰Ͱ͵ĳò֣ŷɵ˵ܲң
ƣ㲻ÿ춼Ҫô
ҡӳȻͷ˵

ɵһӾͺӳȻǵʱǶԷģԼֻҪһһûʲôˣ䲻Ҫɻе㲻̫˼
صڴʱȻˣΧһƬڡ
¥ǳܹӻڷųֵڵҹԵøİ
ɵĺܿ죬̧һס
ںڰУϡܹӳȻ۾һմȥĺסӳȻ촽
ϤĴ÷˶ӳȻЦӵзɵ§ס˶Է
šءһص¥ݼصûӳȻӦɾƿֱԼǣҲ˵ġ
ӳȻ촽ոյĴ̫ˣ⻹Ƿɵһ
һΡӳȻҪ˵
ɲĿˣûסŤͷ¥ܡ
ӳȻЦüۣ˹ļ˷ɵĻңЦӯӯ˷ɼҷſڣͳԿ׿š
***
죬Ǻǲʯӡ
ǵֻǹۣûʲô̫صˣ΢¾ͿԻָˡ
ҽԺҽʯָһϵơ
Ŀǰ˵ָǺܺõġҽԺǰ˵߹ǺֹǶѾˣȹǻҪƣӲ壬ôᣬָǳġ
18ָҲǺǿģһŲӣֻҪˮܷ賤һ
ҲΪȥԵʣǼԼĸĸҲûǰôˣĸ΢΢¡СɫһЩ֮⣬ûԹԣʼ壬úð̥
迴ԼϵŮ۾һޣǺȰ˵ѹ裬غҪ
Ѿʵ̬һǰԼ벻ƺһӶûôҪˡ
ΰְֿ͵С̴ӺóΣһѺǷȥ
ӳȻͷվ¥ſȷ¿ڿǵĿŻ˻֡
ȻȥɡջĿ⣬ԼĸĸЦõңúܺá


103 
ů㲻ôźص޷, ӳȻ£УҲܱů, һʱ֮ϡԺﵽǴУѧ
¿ӳȻĳɼǼ֮е׵ģĩɺҦúõĲΡ
ˡñʸӳȻָ֣ǵ˵㶼ˣôͼǲסأ
ӳȻɵˣ飬ôûӡ󣿣
ˣʵڲӳȻôԺҪôѧ
Ҧæŷ˵򣬱Ͳٴɵ˾濼ϴѧˣ
˳ֵ, ǰڿĺȥˡ
ÿĩϰ죬Ҳɱģʹ˸ѧϰȤС飬׾Ӻ͸ظҸҸ衣
֪ԼԼһ˰޿ĺܿ
ʵȻ
Ǻϲڵ, ܷ, ʲôպѹû, ǹݺһ, ÿɹɹ̫죬ЩĻݲݡ
ۿ˳, Ǳιʵĵ⣿
ѧˡҦ˺һۣ͸æ˹, ЦӯӯĶӳȻ˵ӳȻǽ, ú˰ɣ
ӳȻ˺һۣ΢΢ü
ǵǰʱɾܾ˵ЩѾԼˣ̬ܺá
аӳȻѾŲԺ˵Ǻʦҿôġ
ʦƺú΢΢һ㶣ЦŽӹԾ㿴һۣǾ֪ӳȻˣ㿪ʼ⡣
ʵǽĺͷǽҲ࣬˳ߵһºӳȻŻȻһжˡ
ǣ㽲ıˡϿʵȻæ̽ӳȻɣʵǴˣĳɼ߶ʮ֣ŬĻ治ˡ
ӳȻһֱܾ˵ĸס졣

Ҫߣ
ѧϰ
ɷɲ۰Ͱ͵ĿźǣĺǶе㲻ˡ
ǡðɡΪѵĴӦתͷӳȻ˵ԺÿϰѧϰһСʱ11ٻȥ˯ϿΣĩȫ춼⣬ʲôģٸ㽲
ˣӳȻôľˣӳȻƶһȫµѧϰƻúɡ
***
ԴӺǵӳȻʦӳȻʧȥ˿֡
ǱǸѧԣǸѧڼҵѧԣȻдѴѵʱӳȻѧϰ
ټһǿ֢ӳȻûõĻ϶˯žӳȻʱѹͦ
ѹжڶȫģ⿼ĳɼܿͳˣӳȻȫУǰһ٣ߵķȵˣֻҪϸѧûʲôˡ
ΪףӳȻ߳ɼҦһ⣬ͷһһ񻨣ءһըɫĽۺͲʴҲЦ֡
һ͵ģ
ӳȻĿǰˣժͷĲʴ̾˿˵޲İ֪ĻΪҿ廪󡣡
ܽȫУһٱȿ廪ļʻСˡҦ˵
ӳȻͬҿ廪ļʸСòã
ҾܽǰһٵļС㣬廪÷ȥɡ
ȥˣȥýѧԺǼҷԺҪ˵ģ
ǰ߶߶İ죬ǲɵʵǴ㿼ĸѧ
Ҧ˵ˣҴ㿼صѧԺѧڹѧؼҸҰִ֣̳мҵ
ӳȻһۣţҲѧڹ£ʱҦңҲ⡣
ʲô⣿Ҧû⣬˵ʲô
һ῾ӳȻ˵
ԺҪտǵŮˣ»вٵʲôܲһɹأ
ɲɵĶ࿴ӳȻһۣŵ㲻ɣ
ӳȻͷΪʲôأԺ϶ǲģ尢ôõܵ˽ӣͦõ𣿡
죬û˵ʲô
أתͷŷɣѧ뿼ĸ
ýѧԺɡ˵˵ĲҪʵϲȥ㲥̨ͺˣʵڲԱҲԡ
ѧϰôã϶ԸԳ
أ
ɳԴźǣ˶˵ԼȥѧУʣºԼˡ
ʵǴʼնûжԼ뷨ֻѧϰȥĸѧУǸĸ͵⣬úú롣
˵ĿⶼںǵϣҲò˵뵱ʦѧʦ
˵˲罻ѧϰ֮ûһóģҲֻʦְҵʺҡ
ѧʦ˽ѧ֮⣬ܼѧϰԺһҪʦĻǾȥѧʦˡ
˵Ͳ̫˼ˣѧʦѧҪͦߵģѧûпϣ˵Щƺ̫˵㡣
ҾҲͦʺϵʦġӳȻȿڵ˵ʱϵ档
ǺзȨġ
ҦҲɵЦӳȻļЦҲá
ҲǡɸţԺ˵ǣһԵʦġ
ǰ˵ףǲɷĵЦţһġ
***
ĴպͳģӳȻӭ˸߿
ӳȻĸĸŵһ϶û˯ãӳȻǸǰһɣһθ߿ˣ˵ѾǲסԾϵĿʲôɾʱŬķѾȶˡ
ɵİҲˣŷɰְֵһȥ˿㣬ҲյҦ
˺ܴɵĶͬһ㣬Ȼɺܶࡣ
ʶҪʱÿɾ鷳ˡ
׼֤֤أˣҼ顣
ԵʱһҪţԵ̬Ҫɣ֪𣿡
ӳȻԾ̧ͷʲôҪŴУ
ҦۡһЦ˳תͷԼҦ˵ˣǾͱˣϾҪˣôǸϽȥɡ
лΪԭû취ҦеʧģûϵӦԾͺԼᣬҦǺڴġ
߾ûôˣ÷ͷû߿Ҳ֪ӦøʲôֻһĶԷ˵Ծ͸Ǵ绰ʲôָ
ʲôУҲʳЦӯӯĿԼĸĸһͷͿѾˣæ˺ӳȻǸýȥˣ
ӳȻԾæ褺˵Ƚȥ˰ϼǵøͱϺ
ҦҲԼĴӣ常ĸ˻֣һϽ˿
ۿԳɼΣһ̣ǶڳԼŬ
***

ƺ̵ĳû˰յĸ꣬ͷ׵޺Խҫ
ԭżСΪߵķֺͿѾһУÿϳжֵģرμʱ򣬸׬ȶȡ
ӳȻԼĳڵ̨ſڶʮӣ˸λðѳͣ˽ȥ
ιš
ӳȻû³ֱӲ˷ɵֻ˵ڵ̨¥µͣˣ㻹ж°డ
ɵֻﴫ˳ôô˰ҵ10°ء
Ͼ10ˣ첻Ӱɣ
˵ÿ̨İţڶû֪ͨӦòӰࡣ
ӳȻ۾ˣſڷЦŶֻ˵°ȥ£ʦŪһʻ⣬ȥζ
ôˣǳʦ°డ
ļտʮʦ°ģ
ɵ˵ͷ˵Ҳԡ
˵⻰Ϳ̨ˣæĵĸӳȻ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ɡ̨òţԻŵķ˵ûʲôȻؼҰɣ8ĽĿǵöһ¸ӣʲô
æǫ̃
ǰ°һô׵飡
һʰһ߼Ҵҵ̨ſȥ
Ŀǰǹ㲥̨һ̨ˣͬ¸7㵽9ĵ̨Ŀִֻ̨Ѿˣھ̨һβԱ󣬾ֻʣ⼸ˡ
ɽͣһȥûпԼϤֻӳȻ˸绰
ι
ҵͣˣ㳵ͣˣ
ɸ˵꣬ԶɫĽγεΡת˹ȥ
㻻ˣ˳ͰѶַϥϣһϵŰȫһ˵⳵ʲôʱģô֪
İ࣬ô֪һ³أӳȻѾüûķɣɾҪȥһڡ
ҲþܾҲһƿļ˵ˣڵˣôű
ӳȻץŷɵ֣˵춼סᣬҶˣò׼һһôˣ
ɲڵƫͷӱҵ͸ӳȻ֤ѾˣҪƽƽˮˣӳȻôôģ
û֮𣿡Ҳ25֮˰ɣôûṻ
ӳȻЦüۣ˵˵25ˣ52궼᲻ġ
ƿûһأϽȥԷҶˡ
õţ
ȥԼӳȻֽǺϰĳûеطֻͣȥĵͣͣһ£ÿСʱ30Ǯ
ۡ
˵͸ûλˣϰ˸æӭȥεЦܣûλˡ
ӳȻ룬תͷԷ˵ȥ칫ԣ
ɣ
аȡ
ڰ칫ҳܱںҪһ㣬ĻпյԴ
һ칫ң÷ԱѳƳƷ˳ִһЩӦĿˣڵһ
ô࣬Ե𣿡һͷһ߿ǰһڵǸʽĺʣӳȻһԵĺ
ԲˣҳԲǿԴؼҡӳȻ˵ţʹһƿˮˡڡһ졣
Ϊûа취ȾƣӳȻҪ˲ͬζˮǵƳĲƷ
ڵˣӳȻǰһŹ˾ϾǸ˦ƹ񣬶˵ʱĴ
ǰˣ˵ǼһزܵӳȻѼ˱ˮ˷ǰЦŶ˵
ɺһڣζζٶըˣԭȵΪһڱϴƣ׻˷ɵʳ
ӳȻ߶߶ĺͷ죬Ǽ飬˾飬Լѵ顣
Ҧڽ˼⣬Ҧƣ˾ҲôˣҦɶһ𡣶лҦһ24СʱһһγȻҲһȥġ
˺˺ͿƴѧĿǰʿڶѾУνˡ
ӳȻҲԽԽãͷҲ޲һ𣬵ʱ˫ĸҲֻ㶣ûжһ˺ͺһƽֺ
һСϺժףͮͮСϺ˷ɵǰ
΢΢̧̧°ͣӳȻָæСҨһ֭ϸϸĽ˰õϺ棬⡣
ӳȻźЦü䣬Լûڣȫɰˡ
ⲻ˿ĿİƽƽӳȻţ׷Ѱһӵ롣
ĸʳǡ
ԼŵҲðԼ
ˡ
ȫꡪ


104 һ
ӳȻģģĴӴ, Ѿǵڶˡ
Ĵϣϵ·Ͱ͵һ, ϸ̺ӣֻпյţ֪Լںδ
֪ԼѾǵһηˣӳȻҲǸˣҦǰȶƬ֮⣬ڱǰǺܿƵġ
ÿκȶƬԴθۡ
ӳȻԴӴϳҦҹԢĿͷԼϺˣҦؼİɡ
Դ, ӡ
θۡ
ӳȻÿκƶθۣǸձҵǼµëÿ涫߲ʱԷȾӦ浽ҹûθ׽ҽԺ, ԺɾͲȾˡ
ɣ
ӳȻ˼, ͻȻԼھưɷʲô£
ǵԼӦؼҴ򲻿, ԼҦȥưɺȾơ
ƺǺȸ, ϻ˵һЩǳ治Ļ˵
ⱻŹܵܵĹ, ٸһĻᣬҿ϶ͷɽ飡
ӳȻʱųһ亹ǵҦ˶Ӻ񻹸¼, ˵ҪɿӳȻֺǺǵ˵˲ٻ, ھѺüֱ˼
ƽ¼Լţô˵ֻ
Ҫ汻ɿ
ڻؼҹ°ǲǻü
ӳȻ˴Լֻڴ·ԼֻûеˣָæȥڿҵֻųĹȥԡϴ˸衣
ҦĹԢǸƽ׵Ĵƽ㣬ӳȻż˾ͻᱻԼٶеĶ
ˢˢֳ˸裬Ҧñһ˶ϣȥԼֻûС
һҪϴʮ绰ӳȻһûнӡ
亹һӾˣģ
̫ˡ
һԼ޷ϲӱܣӳȻҲˣʮδ룬ûȥ
ӳȻ˸ֵĵطЩδ綼2֮ǰģ2֮󵽵ڶ磬ɾһ绰ûˡ
ӳȻĥԷӦըˣԲһ绰

ӳȻƵ̾˿ľ÷ĶãǹԼ̫ܵˣѹܴ
ѾˣӳȻҲżˣ˹ʰԼ֮󣬳ǰҦ˸绰
ι
Ҧڵ绰ŵ٩ʵ˯ˣ
šӳȻҦҵţ˵˵һԡңһ˶ϴٸù
СҦӦһ˵һôȥ˾ȥɣ
ӳȻҡͷãҴȥС
˵⣬ղûп
ҦǵһƹģԴԵ绰˵ϷɿǸ˺ü绰أýؼôǸ𣿡
ǸеͬѧǰʶʮѣϵҲ쳣ĺá
ƽºͼˣɶӳȻȴϿҦ֪ģҲҽӷɵĵ绰
ӳȻһԹҴ绰ôأ˵϶˵ʹ
˰ɡҦ˵飬һ˲ʲôҿɲ밤ɵŭԼһ˳еɡ
šһݻţӳȻε˽ȥҦ˵УһؼҸǸǲ¼Һ˵˵ƵˣϽɾˣ
ҦЦŵʲôƵǴˡ
˲ˣϽɾˣҪǱɿҸû꣡
ӳȻ˵͹˵绰ְֺµĴӵ׼ؼҡ
Ҧһ۱Ҷϵĵ绰üǹЦֻһߣȥæ顣
***
ӳȻҵʱѾ1ˡ
ҦڵĴƽ㲻һӳȻסǶ˲࣬ӳȻһ˶߸ЬģҲûж˿
Ļ˼ңķ͹ţӳȻ˵ܣˡ
ӳȻ΢΢˵ͷ
ķڼסĹʱϰ˵㵽ϰ˵㣬˲̫ϲסڼǱķҲУӳȻӲѻ߿ͻڼҹҹ
Ь֮ӳȻһʵأ
̫̫ڰķվһԶӳȻ˵ʱûпΪȥˡ
ȥӳȻƣѧУûпôȥʲô
ķҡҡͷʾҲ
ɱƱҵУоһҵѧУ˽ʦ
ѧʦнȻߣÿҲֻĿΣѾܺˣɴһߵʦһ߶ʿҵУν̣˵ϸڡ
ӳȻǵãûпΰһĲڼȥ
ӳȻȻݻһԼ·һñ䡣
ǽñһһ룬ӳȻΪԵҪٲͬ·һ붼ĶʣµһСǷɵġ
һװ֮ӳȻʹڷɵĹӣͲ֪˼·롣
°ƺٸԼü·Ρ
Ů˽Ů˵ģӳȻԼѡĶһϲ
ôţӳȻͺ˲٣˹ţҷɵǸȷٴȥ
ĻǾٸŻ
ܲ˰ɣ
ӳȻҵϣͳֻ¶ĸȥ˸绰
绰ܿͽͨˡ
ι
һİŮ
ӳȻһӼֱԴһƬ
ɵĵ绰ΪʲôǱŮ˽ӵģ
Ů˭
һ粻ڣǲǸû
ǲǱԼ˱Ůˣ
ãǵһҽԺסԺʲô£绰ǸŮ˵ˡ
ţ
ҽԺסԺ
ӳȻʶùֻһۣȷԼǸɴĵ绰ôö˶˵ҽԺӵģ
ǻļˣʡ
Ŷã˼ǰɣϲ˳һ𳵻ĿǰҽԺƣʱĻҽԺһˡ
ӳȻֻԴˡһҲ֪Լôҵĵ绰ֻ¥ֱӿȥҽԺ
ӼﵽҽԺ·Ҳ˲Сʱʱ䣬ɾСʱʱӳȻð亹ҽԺֱҵ˷ɵĲ
ʿ˵˳˾Ǹһ͹ġ
ӳȻŻڻ˯еķɣͷϺ϶մѪɫҲǲҰײҰ׵ģɵľ
쳵ʱǼ㣿ӳȻߵĻʿ
Լ1ҡ
һӡ
ӳȻ㣬ӦԼؼҺûпţתͷȥԼҦȾƵʱ䡣
ܹԼǶûиҲǵͿڳ顣

ӳȻ붼ûð亹ŷɵתͷѯʻʿϵ顣
˳һʱϵ˼ûнӡʿӳȻһۣ˵ԲǸʱʶȽѣϵ֮⣬һ΢𵴣һ£ϲ˯ȥ
ʿӳȻ׵ɫʵͲʲôϵ
ӳȻ˶٣ŻڵҰˡ


105 
ӳȻ, ڻʿվǱûڷɵĶ
˵ѾˣӳȻĳ˷ɵֻ֮, һЩĶ
ѾҩԿףԼưɸıݿ
ǼұӳȻǵãΪ빫˾ȽϽй˾ĳⷿɴſǴȽӵӳȻʹȥϢȴ·ȴ¡
ʿ˵˲ٵˣڵʱٶ, ûֻǲͬ˶ѡ
ǰ漸еһƱȽأʿ˵ʱڼʻûʱҲΪʧѪΣ, ѪѪȶ
Ҳ֪ǲǻʿ, 󻹳ӳȻ˵һ䣺ʱм, λԼԼǩͬ顣
ӳȻ⻤ʿԼԹԼ, Ҳ˵ʲôϾԼϵȷǡӦá
뿪ӳȻſڲϵķɡ
Ҳǲ, ɵüͷ壬˿Ҳ̫õӡ
ӳȻ̾˿ڲǰŷɵ, Բ𡭡
***
ĵӣɲŴӻѹ
һת, 𵴵ĺ֢ڱȸտʼʱöˣֻǸ۵ʱһЩȷɱ۾Ӧһ;һжָ
ƫ̫Ӵ͸˽˵ذʹϣɹ۲һΧĻⲻԼտʼסĶ˲ƺһ䡣
šǡһ죬ű˴򿪣תͷȥͿӳȻվſڡ
Ŀԣ˭ûп˵
ɵʹüתͷ±۾
ˡӳȻ߹Լİˣ˵ûﲻȥҽ㿴ȲҪ
ûлشӳȻҲû⡣
֪ڿ϶˭¶ӳȻȺúñ֣ȼٸŵǸ
ҽѶ˿һ·ɵͶӳȻ˵˵Ѿָˣסһ۲۲죬ûͿԳԺˡ
ӳȻæͷõģллҽ
ҽͻʿ뿪ӳȻתͷŷɣŲ˹СʵɣһһҹûԶˣҪҪ¥㶫ԣ
ҡҡͷ
ӳȻӦԼˣ͸æ˵Һȶˣûнӵĵ绰֪飬Ĳģҵòã
ڲϿ컨壬Ĭá
ϵ붼£ǰĳҲ֪ôͻȻʧײڣȻصײ˷ɵĳźŵĳһһײͱ
ڼʻʱ򣬷ɸ绰ӳȻûнӡ
͵ҽԺҪǩֵʱӳȻûнӡ
ҸԼĸĸǵģǸʱʶѣԼǩһֱ糿ڵ˯¡
ɶ컨壬ͻȻ֪ԼӳȻ嵽ʲô
ҪʱӳȻڣƽʱҲԼɹæÿдѴѵʱ䣬ɼӳȻĴȴԽԽ٣еʱֻԼ˯ʱӳȻŸ͵͵ؼϴ˯
ǰȻ֪ؼ˯һ׷
ɾͦ۵ġ
ɡ˵˽ĵһ仰
ӳȻŵû䣬Ȼ̫ϲɹԼҲû飬Ͼ˴Сʶ÷Уɴ28궼ˣͻȻӳȻʶľܾ
Ҳ飡ӳȻŵĿŷɣ˵ɣ֪ҵһ£ǲҪʱ˵ֻɲԣ
εı۾˵ӳȻ֪ҴӲ˵Ĳʣɡ
ӳȻˣæȰҴˣĴˣǶôˣǰٿˣӺò׺ˣΪʲôҪأ
˵֪ҲĻȷҲãûаʱؼңûнĵ绰һˡҲ֪ڿ϶ѹôؼʱߣһҺʧ
ӳȻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˵ҶԣĲС
ɿһۡ
ӳȻƺ汻˵Ūĺˣ촽ǰ׵ģ˽Ŀȴһģ
˴Сھӣһͬһ׶԰ͬһСѧͬһиС
ӳȻĸĸʱȥΪ18ûԸ⸧ͷһһĿǰѾʮꡣ
˱ƺǼˣӳȻͬͷһҲΪһᣬǸӳȻڶ֪
ѾҪˡ
ӳȻʵǲĵģһ뵽ƽ
ԼǻţҪأ
ǲǵԼ͸̫ƽıﶳƵãӳȻŻᷢ£
ɡ
룬ӹһ˼ûС
ܲӳȻİ˵ĻһЦ¸Ǵӡ
ӳȻܸܵ
ſڣԭ˵ʲôȴӳȻˡ
ȱ˵ӳȻ۳ŷִ˵ʲôæ˵¥ԵģúϢ
˵⻰ӳȻٵת뿪·˵֮Ļ
żĶӵӳȻĲɵĳ˳
̾˿ͷ컨塣
ӳȻ飬ֺγأ
һֲֻܻȥģӳȻԼȴΪԭԸŹԼ
÷ᡣ
ܾӳȻˣӦչˣ¡
ӳȻ󣬷ַɵû飬͵͵ĵ˿бķ̴һɾ·ҽԺæǰȥˣӳȻԼչ˷ɡ
ӳȻ㻤סҽԺҲΪûϢã10㲻˯ˡ
ڶҽ鷿ûʲô⣬˱׼ؼҡ
ڳϣӳȻĵĸϵϰȫֿ˿ֱϺϵ˿ڣϸĶѧУǱ˰ɣ˿ͦصģÿ춼ҩͲҪȥˣʱڼúš
ɿӳȻĶƵġšһ
ʵеˡ
˶ʶ28꣬Ȼ㲻ϺңҲྴɡ
ߵز˭Ը⿴ġ
ɲԸôأ
ɿŴٺ˵ľͽ־Щͷ·ȥһ
æֺɫ
˼ңķǰӵϢæӭ˹ӳȻŷɣ˳ְҩͶ˱ķ
ϢһӳȻ˷ɳϣԷ˵ðһЩϲķˣԵĶ࣬ӦҽԺסĲڻصҪúòһ
ûʲôûжθڣԶٶν
ʵϵ˶ãֻһȱʱеãȽأҽҲ˵ˣ˿Ȼ˵û˵ͷ࣬Ϣ¾Ϳϰˡ
ķõķ˶ӳȻҲŷϣ߸ԷʱԼֻ
ӳȻԼĵ绰СĶԷ˵ϵĵ绰ҽһ¡
ɵ˵ͷӳȻܵԱȥˡ
绰ﾭ˵ʲôûӳȻǡš˵˼䣬һ䡮֪ˡ͹˵绰һ׼Էķɣԥԥ˹
ɲÿ֪ӳȻҪԼ˵ʲô̧ͷ˶Էһۣƽ˵Ҫȥһˣ
ӳȻԥĵ˵ͷȻչ׷ɵգ˵ȥһ飬Ͼͻ


106 
˵绰ӳȻͳ, ǰԼĵһȥͿװľڵ, һӳȻ˾͸æӭȥ
ʲôӳȻһߴǵһѯߵľ
ҲһСܸȥٵ˵С6˵һʼǺ˵ƣ֪ôһֱ˵Ҫ㣬ǺȶˣѾ˰Сʱˡ
ӳȻԾüͷ
СȫϺϼCEOСŮĻѧȴֺлԵ
Ȼ, ˼ôļҵԵӳȻǹܲŵģԼ¡
ӳȻտ֮⻹˼ҾưɺޣҾưɾӳȻģϺôӳȻǳˬ
ԼŻڼҵȥ, ڷҪϺѾơ
ҪϼҺӳȻкϵ, ĲŮˡ
һ, Ϳ谵ľưɰ, Ϻɳϳ̣һֻֻűеĺƣض߰ˮͻ, ܿԼ·϶ʲô
Ϻʵģܱ£һͷīĴ˴޵ĺ촽¹ճԸе, ߸Ьڵذ졣
ƯǸʮʮĴŮ
ɴŮƷҲûôÿˡ
ϰ~
ϺӦûûʶ, ΢΢۾ŸսݵӳȻЦҡҡλε˹ȥ
ӳȻ̫۳˶ҪվˣҲֻüͷ֡
ѽ~
ϺеĺơһСġõӳȻĺɫȹϣȴЦеĿӵеӳȻļ
Բϰ壬·ŪˡϺЦͷ·ˣҸϴϴ
۳ŮåҪˣӳȻһץס
Ϻ΢΢۾ӳȻ˸
С㣬ˡӳȻǰˣľ˵˾Сȥôһⲻȫ
һ˵ҪȥϺͿʼҲȥҲȥȥ
ӳȻùϺͰ˴Ӱק˳ȥ
һʼϺ֣Ĵ޴ӳȻҪˣɻǸλСӣ˳
ưɵ˾ǰʵϰ壬Ҫȥģ
ӳȻ˵ؼҡ
õġ
˾ǰ濪ųӳȻϺָ˸绰˵
Ϻ˿̾Ϳںϣһ˫۾ԵɵɵĿӳȻҲ֪ڸ˭绰ֱ۳ſӳȻļͷ䴵
ӳȻսȭͷ
ϺݸЦϰ壬ˡ
ӳȻһۣǱú𣿣
С㡣ӳȻ΢һ㣬ʵ㵽ҵľưһ˺ȾƣҪңʲô𣿡
һҪ²ܼ𣿡ϺգĿ۾ʵˣ㲻𣿡
˾ʶſһָۣæŲĿ⡣
ӳȻˣϺӣһһٵĶ˵ҽˣаˡ
ʲôϺĿڳݲ壬ά˵ǵģֲɢǵģϰ壬㲻Һÿ𣿡
ӳȻڵС뷨ôô֣ɵüͷ
գС㣡
Ҫܲˣ
˾СŭŲȵĸˣ
ϼңѾűķվſڣųͣ͸æӭȥ
ҲؼҲؼңŻ
Ϻһ³·ߣӳȻ˿ҿûԼϡ
治˼ϰ壬ҼҺ鷳ˡΪѵĿԼŮӳȻǸ
ûϵ̫̫ӳȻάõĽ˵һҾưɺȾƣҲľͰ͹ˣȥúչˡ
мĵ˵ͷͷԼŮ׼ߡ
ϺѾ죬ͻعͷӳȻ֣Цϰ壬´μ~
ӳȻҲЦŻ˻֡
ϣҲҪ㡣
Ϻ˼ţӳȻ˿
ҪǸϼкӳȻĲһˡ
Ҳ̸ֻ飬ӳȻܷŹκһܸϼҼӺøеĻᡣ
ȥ·ӳȻ򿪳ͨ磬ﶼһɺƺˮϵζԼҲУŴǺɫȹֻŵζʲôۼ
ص˼Ѿ9ˣķѾ°࣬һһƬֻж¥΢Ĺ⡣
ӳȻ֪Ӧûû˯æЬ¥ɺúýͽ͡
һƿҵķţͿڴϰŪŵԣӳȻ´һ£˵Ⱦˣ
ûСӳȻ߹ڷǰǣ˵ưһŮ£ҾͰͻؼˣô㻹û˯
˵ţӳȻʹչ׷ɵգֵ˵ճԺͲҪˣǽʦĹıȵҪ
ûлشֻĿӳȻһۡ
ŵ˶Էϲоζһɺİˮζ
ӳȻҲвˮɻ϶ζܵŵ֣ΪϲǸζӳȻһ㲻ỻˮ
ɽ죬ӳȻϵζǹζġ
ʶĿӳȻһۣļһЩɫķ۵ףںɫװϸԡ
ӳȻֻͺŮؼ
ؼҪմһζͺۼ
ɺǰһȴĪŲ졣
ôˣӳȻɺܲԾ㲻ɵ
ɵʹ۾ƽ˵ûʲôȥϴɡ
ӳȻҲԼһɾζЦŵ˵ͷ·ȥԡҡ
ɿŷڴϵıʼǱԣȫ֣һ㶼ȥ
ǰǲӳȻôġ
һʱӳȻǺܺõģŲᣬǻӴܶˡ
ӳȻӦȾƵθҪ󣬷ɾͿʼˡ
ܺȾƣӦ꣬˰Ҫؼң11Ҫ˯
֮⣬ӳȻÿմǷɸ׼ģȹΣˮһ·ʲôǷɸŵģһһףװס
ǲЩ˹֮ģϾӳȻæȴУֵÿӳȻ·ϰࡣ
𽥵ģȴԼľͬˡ
ӳȻᰮϱˡ
ӳȻ⼸ԽԣɷʼԼˡ
ص˼ң˵Ҳûǰ࣬ӳȻԹæΪɶ鷿ֱ11Ӳųϴ˯
ǸʱǣֻҪٰѹضĿһ㣬ӳȻͻúõĴԼߡ
ɸռۣＫط
һǸᣬڹʮ꣬ӳȻûаԼ÷ɸоܲ
ԵȵĹϵ˭ȶ˭ˡ
ԾǸ
ҲֿΨһѡ
ӳȻϴͿѾˣСĿ˶Էһַֽۣɻû
̫ˣӳȻ롣
Ҳ̶̵ʱ䣬ûϢҲ
ӳȻôž͹˵ƣȻĨ˴
ƽڴϵʱӳȻܾﲻԣ˼˺һŴת͵͵§ŷɵϤζ˯ˡ


107 
ڶӳȻҪȥ˾, Ҳ𴲣һѡҪ·
, һСȹСֱůǧĲưһľˮڳʱڸˬ
ӳȻľżһɰŪ20Ӻڽ˿̻˿
ɰӵ־һ٣̧ۿһۣʵϲף
ǡӳȻ촽С˵Һ, ȹյе㴭
ɣ
ӳȻ
ɵͷ˿ӳȻСӣֺȷǱǰһ㣬ӶҪĳˡ
ողǻúõ𣿡ɻ
ӳȻЦ뻻һɵģ㿴𣿡
һӱ˵ͷԼȥһɵĺɫȿͰT, һ硣
ɡӳȻ, Է˵, ȥְ, ϾˣҿҲûʲô·һЩ
ҲáɵӳȻ·˵ֲ, ϿεʱҲܴĻڵģЩ·ûΪʲôҪ
ûûӳȻɵ, ñɳ˵˳㿴Σûϲġ
Ҳ, ֮ǰҲû
ɻھܾӳȻ;еͷۡ
Ķã̫ˡ
ԭͥԣҲûȱٴԽĺӳȻͲ÷ôڼˡ
ҵġӳȻİ˵˺õ㣬ȥ֣ʱҸ·Σͱܾˡ
ɼô˵ͷӦˡ
ԺҲʵˡ
ӳȻӦͺܸˣЦĶͷһ£˵ҳˡ
***
ӳȻ壬ѾڼҴһˣȥĽ룬ҽúúڼˣԷҲʹȥѧУϿε뷨
Ҳֻ뷨Ŀǰٵȵȿ
ӳȻգһȥг˺öĲˣֶò꣬ż˵Сȥгġ
Ȳ˶̾ͿʼڳæҲûʲô͸֡
˵û˵ҳԷһСϺһѯڰæķɡ
ӳȻǸֵˣÿն벻棬ÿʱķĹģӳȻҲ෢ٿǮΪ԰̻æġ
㣬԰˵Լʮɣ˲̫١
ҪǸһҾ׼ʮˣټӣ㿴𣿡ʷɡ
еġЦ˵þͺˡ
̵˵ͷʼĴʳ
ȻϣǴҪʼæˣӳȻڼң˵ּʼæ
ķȰȥϢɷɾЪҲûæ
ĵʱ򣬷ɸհõˮŽ䣬ֻ
Ǽҵĵ绰
ȷʱ͹˵绰Ҳ׼ţһһЩҪȥõġ
̣ҳһˡɶԱķ˵һӳȻͻˣǵøǿš
̽ͷ˷һۣʵûϲϵüһԷ
㣬ЦӦû⡣
źûãӳȻЩѾ½½ˡ
ҦһͱĲŪǰһЦӯӯĻͷ˿ӳȻ˵Ƿɸ㲼õİɣܰ
ͲŲʴɫ
ǽúɫƴտֵ滹ŲʴŸϲ졣
ӳȻҲĲþˣԭΪֻǼ򵥵ĳԶٷѣû뵽ɾȻôġ
ɾůůģתͷŰ̶Ų˴ӳʵأ
ˣҲû˵ȥ˵ԷʱܻķŽļˣҦ֮⻹һЩӳȻѺͬ£к˵Ƕɣʲôϰ
ӳȻЦ˵ô鷳ݺˡ
ķӦһȥˮˣӳȻкڿϷĴϷĵġ
ӳȻûɷһϢԷҲܿĻظˣ˵ǳȥһˣҪܡ
ӳȻ֪ɿ϶ǸԼˣɫЦЦ˵绰
Ҧ⸱ģʹ˹ĵ˵㻹ǵϸھư˵Ļ𣿡
ӳȻɫһӾͳͷҦ˵ҽɾǲûɾ
ô˼ƵôɾأҦЦӯӯĿĵ˵ԺңҾͰɿ
ң
ӳȻץҦӶ˵㲻ɿǸƵҪǸҵĻҸûꡣ
Ҧü㵱棿
϶ġ
Ǻðɡ
ҦЦҾұˡ
ӳȻˡ
ֿʼϷһͨʱҲ6ӣⶼѾ˷ȴû
ӳȻɵе㵣ģٳʲô͸ȥ˸绰
ɿӳȻĵ绰ͨˡ
أϾͳԷôӳȻڳͳ᣺ɣǶء
ɲɵһԼڸʻλõʻŶӳȻ˵Ͼ͵ˡ
ӳȻԱ˵ã·Сĵ㣬´γŽңһ˶Կˡ
ɲӳȻôͻȻôᣬԭŵƺиȼĿܣġšһŹҶϵ绰
ôõദ˵ϲô׶ϵģ΢΢ս̣ͻȻʼԥԼǲҪӳȻ顣
ҲҲǰԼأ
***
ʱӳȻһȥţǶ٩Ƿ˰ɣҪż϶ˣ
ӳȻûӦǵЦݻûס
첽ߵſһţͿһõ廨嵽Լǰ
տ֣
Ϻӻ̽ͷЦüۣϲⲻ⣿
ӳȻЦݽϡ
˵ģͦġ
ǣûϺô֪Լյģ
ϺվһˣӳȻϵѣ˿̿ŲԼߣЦ˵С˵գζҪʵĥʹˣϰ㲻ɣ
ӳȻǳ鴤ȴЦ˵ô⣬ллСμҵᣬ
ܾϺͰõ廨һԹԵ˽ϰҿҪİҪЬҴһ˫
ӳȻ˵Ļû˵˿˵еˣֻܴӹ˫Ь˻ϡ
Ϻߣһӵķ۾ˡ
ۣöóԵİôʼϺתͷӳȻĸλã
кָָһλ˵
Ϻ۾һƹӳȻԱߵϣЦ˵Ҿˡ
˶ʱ
ǸλǷɵġҦüͷһ˵ӳȻİˣСﲻʡ
ϺΪ˵ʲôʵģǸһ߲ͺ𣿡
⻰˵õҲûд
ӳȻһӦҦŶ԰
ˣǱվ˰ⶼ˻ҶҪˡϺӳȻ˵ô˿ɾͲóˡ
˵ţϺͳİ̺ʦ׼ˣ


108 
ϺˮĶʵ̫Ȼ, ˶ûӦͱȡ
վڳſڲĿ˿, հĿӳȻϣʾҪҪ
ϼҵʵͦģοѾߵˣĶˣм˸˵ǰϰ壬׼ɣһֱġ
ǰ˶, ʼɡ
˶ô˵ˣӳȻ˼˼ӲŻУǾ͡ȿɡ
Ծͷ׷˸λҲˡ
Ҧſڣɻû˵ʲô, ֻӳȻļ˵û, ȳԷ, ɿܾ·ϵˡ
ӳȻ˵ͷ, Ҳ
ƱյֺϵվˣһЩ˾Ϳʼ
Ϻ̳ϵ飬ӳȻ߳ԳԳ, һ߳Իһ߶ӳȻ˵ϰ壬ұķķó԰Ǽҳʦղ
ӳȻ˳, ûô
ϺСģñ˺, ˵СƢ
ǰϺͰѿһ̣װĹĵ˵ϺҲ̫Ѱ˰ɣϺˡ
Աڵ˵С㣬Ұ£
ҲҪϺûӳȻĸ첲̧ͷ˵ϰ壬ҰϺòã
ӳȻƵģһӾͳԼƹȺߣ˷׷׻ͷſɱһʻһɫƷУĿǰ龰
˰ӳȻæӹеʻֽű׷ɵգ˵ôôŻ
ɳĬã˵·϶³
ûʲô¾ͺáӳȻе˵øտʼûãҲ˰ɣԷ
̧ͷ˿˵ˣҲǳ԰ɡ
ӳȻû˵ɱתԼĶǴк¥
˶ʱ֪룬׷׿ӳȻ
Ϻֻ˵ӳȻǸ޹ϣи׵ţӦ꣬Ҳȥ棬˵Ϲ9㲻ؼҾͷ绰ߡ
Ȼĸܱ˵ļ£Ϻɳ¥ͲˣòСֹһ䣺һװͰ͵ģôô
ӳȻҲ֪ʲôôҲܶ¿ˣֻܸЦ˵ûû£鲻̫ãҶԷɡ
Ϻô˵ͿˣӳȻŽ˵ϰ壬ҰϺòãҸŪ˾Ͳÿˡ
ӳȻûа취ܲסϺĥӲֻԵĸϺ˵ĸϺһգЦø㡣
ջû˳˶뿪ķʰ
̣ʱ䲻ˡӳȻ˵ҪǻؼҲڿͷϢһɣô·Ҳȫ
ķ˿ʱ䣬ͷ˵УҾסһϣ費Ҫ㽪ƣ
ӳȻҡͷãʲôԵ𣬷ûԷҸȥ
УҸ˵㡣̴ӿóһݻȺĲܳӳȻ˵ϲģȥɡ
ӳȻӹǷݳ˵㣬ðϢ¥ȥˡ
ɴӻҵСæ飬ӳȻ߹һۣƺڱΡ
ôˣӳȻ΢΢ʵҽǲʲôˣ
ҡҡͷ
ӳȻ֪Լ϶Ƿɲʹˣ̾˿
ÿζֻҪһܶԷĺ«ʲô˵
ӳȻҲǸˣǸϸµˣɢɢϰˣĲȥ·ﵽʲô
Ȼ˵ûУӳȻ͵ûаɡ
УѳˡӳȻҲͷټ⣬˵ȥ鷿㹤æ˯ɡ
̧ͷӳȻת뿪ңɵĴ
ڶԼ
ɷŶͷսŵʱͿһģƯµŮӳȻ֣Ҳе¡
ʵӦƢģӳȻգӦøӵġ
ǸӳȻ첲Ůȴ÷ɾò
ĺƯ
ӳȻϲĳ촽ĺõĴŮ
ҪǣǸƯŮƺӳȻҲ˼
ɼǵãԼǰӳȻһ𿴵ӵʱĿЩƯŮ۾еʱɾͻòһϲŮǣӳȻҲһһ˵֡
ЩŮһⶼһͷ˾ˡ
ǸŮˣӦúܶӳȻθڡ
Ҫģ˻ԭӦԼλϡ
ԭѾʼ˵Լλˡ
***
ӳȻ鷿æһĹۿʱ11㻹磬Ÿɵʲôһʱ䡣
ʱҦͻȻӳȻһϢ
Ҧҵˡ
ӳȻظõġ
ԭ˽ĶԻӦþ͵ΪֹҦ֪ӷ裬ûһʱָһƵϢ
ӳȻԵĵ㿪һֻۣʹϤ
ӳȻո˵ʲôҵľͷظһ顣
Ҧڰ鷿ɸ׼ŵ־һ١
ӳȻͲӷɵ绰12֮ǰ˯Ҫҹ飡
á˵ãһȷɵ绰ˣҲô˵
֮һOO@@ӳȻƵ
ιţҽҪҹޣ㲻ҪٸҴ绰ˡ
ӳȻƵֱӸҦһϢҦҲƵɾôţǲǻҵ鷳డ
ҦܿҲһϢӳȻ㿪˵ôҵƵҶˣжɣɶ֤ݡ
ӳȻЦ˶Էһ䡣
վ鷿ſֻӺңãȻĿԼĻͻȻ֪Ӧúȥδӡ
֪ӳȻ׿ӳȻ˵ȫ¡
˵ĹϵԽԽ⣬ʵ
һ㱡Ĵֽ˭ûͱƣܹһһ죬÷һ𳤴꣬ӳȻǶమҲӦ档
ڣǵΨһ涼ûˡ
鷿ӳȻ˵ȴԴˡʲôתԼԷȥԽԽ죬ֱ
ʱӳȻ֪ʲô£ںҦ졣
ˣ˵㿴ƵûаҦ٩ŶӳȻ˵滹˵˲ٵĻԼҲ֪ɣ
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶣ոֻ˿ͷȷûע滹ж
ʲôӳȻʵҺ˵ʲô𣿡
Ҧ˸ӣԼʲôˣ
ӳȻҲǣٴδǸƵ
ӳȻ˵Ҫٸ绰￪ʼԼƺһֱֻ߶߶˵ʲôҦùһͨûͨʱЦˡ
ιӳȻ˵ôɵĵ绰һûӵҦĻ⴫ֲ´˵Ȼ÷ɹܵôϣֱӺ鲻ͺ𣿡
飿ӳȻԼ̧ͷ徵ͷ˰֡
飬Ҳ顣ӳȻ˵ôãСʶΪʲôҪ飿
Ҧ㲻𣿡
˵
ӳȻվưɺҲŲţµһã
˵꣬ӳȻͿʼҵĺҪؼңҪҷɣɷɷɣ
Ƶ˱ӰһӣˤڵϷˡءһȴִŵ˵˭˵ɵģܰ


109 
ҦƵͽˡ
ӳȻˡۡԼɵ۾, ҦϽɾˣ
˺ҦĺӳȻæ˵, ȿ쵽11ӵʱҲ⣬ȥϴһϴ˯ҲûȥעԱߵķɡ
ڶ죬һñѡһ·
ӳȻųĿӣ۽ƳŨصĺȦȥĲʵôˣȦôأǲû˯ã
ɶ㿪ӳȻĴ, ӳȻ㶵ĿԼͣڰյ֣ĬĬ˻
ء
ӳȻŷȥѡ룬һ˵Ҫϵķɻ
ɵ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ѡһö, ɰӳȻڴ, һƿˮ, ӳȻ硣
ӳȻɲԸԼ, εĵ̾˿
緹ͳˣʰ˳ʷɣʲô
ûʲôθڡ
Ӧ˵ӳȻҦûʲôθˣҡҡͷ, Աķ˵ѧУԣͲæˡ
ҪȥѧУķĿϵ˺𣿡
ѾûˡԱķ˵ӳȻ, ȥʰҽȥѧУ顣
ķԵĿŷ뿪, ˵ͷ˵УҲ˵ġ
¥֮ͿʼʰȸӳȻ׼˳ŵϴƷ¿㣬ʰ·һԣִñϳԼʼʰ
Ķ࣬·ЬñûӳȻһࡣ
ҷһʼʱ򣬾ѧУһ临ʽСԢ
ѧһξ룬ȥҪʮӣɾþЩԶæҹҲ࣬ԼǮһСԢ
Ԣ󣬵ҲǸŵ㣬ɵĲٶ
ʰԼĶְ֤ϣһҲûʲôҪˣʣµĵӳȻڵʱͺãһ䶫ȥ˹Ԣһˣ˳ѧУ˼١
ӳȻؼҵʱʲôûз֣鷿æ11Ž˯
ڶ10ķɻӳȻ7Ҫˡ
ҳͻӳȻǰԷ˵ʲôҪĶ˴
ӳȻǲιһսɵ԰Ŀǰ빤ԱǿԴͬģӳȻŷӦòϲԼҲûаš
ȺٷϢˣٺú档
Ҳһʱ
ҡҡͷ˵Сĵ㣬Ҫ̫̼ʳҲȾơ׼滻ĳƵûϴ·ʹĻЬ˶Ь׼ˣⲻҪܴ߸Ь֤ļв㣬ܷװŵǼǧǮֻֽǰˡ
˺ˣ֪ˡӳȻЦڷɵף˵ôˣô߶߶ģ
ӳȻתЦŰɣ·Сġ
ӳȻ˻֣ų˳
ųʧ·ľͷվſڴ˺þãֱŶʼվ˲תͷݡ
󲿷Ѿᵽ˹ԢʣµĶٰһξͲˡ
ķƺŷһߣִһЩߣǵóӳȻǷɰΪʲôһʰ
ɣǡķվſڣŷɰѶŽ˳Ŀ
ûµģ̡ɹϺŵĳţԱķ˵ӳȻһڼҲûʲô˼ͻѧУסˣҲûʲô飬ϢɣӳȻϻǵøٷˣҪԡ
˵⣬Լ߶߶ëˣЦŶԱķ˵ԲԣҲˡ
ʲôʱķ
ɳĬã˵ˡ
ԺҲٻˡ
ķ¶ɻı飬ɳЦЦ˳ȥˡ
ǰµͱˣӳȻĳĳкüڿľ˵һˡ
ѳͣ˹Ԣ¥µĿյأɲԼİ¥
Ԣжʱûסˣɼ򵥵Ĵɨһ¾˴ϣĹԢʲôûУÿú֮Ӧʲô
ʵЭѾˣССĶӳȻģɴҲߡ
˾ҪҲҪǾˡ
ӳȻչû죬ɻԥʲôʱǷЭ顣
˵ˣűܿյʱ䣬ȻԺӳȻÿιնǰʱЭ飬϶ӦһӰɡ
ɻ˵ˣӳȻôԼЭ˵ᱻ¡
뵽⣬ԼԼ뷨Цˡ
ЦЦˣۿʪģôϢĻ
һʮ꣬ʶ28ꡣ
ɵͯ궼ǺӳȻһȹģϵҲ˶ˡ
ʵǲףСèСôҲӦиˣΪʲôӳȻԼ
ȻôᣬΪʲôҪһ
ȻһˣΪʲôҪ飿
ѾֲӳȻǰԼһ㣬Լһ㡣
ֻߣ߽У
***
ӳȻغͱȥԳԺȺȣʮŻؾƵϢ
ϴӳȻŴ޺貵ĳҹƿףף
ףԼѵòطɶЩء
شǰϣȾƵԱһƿƺӳȻֻһҹƬ˸ȦС˷ɣľǣҹͺơ
ûһֻ㶣˿ʼӳȻҹҲ֪ӳȻĹأ٩ôؼҡ
ҦĵӳȻ촰ڣ˵㲻±ɿֲ˰
ӳȻظɶ
ӳȻ˵ˡ
ҦһĴָı飬ֶע㣬ͲڷߣȦҪǱ˽ͼɣ϶ֵ
ӳȻ㲻ͼǲ֪ġ
ҦŵˣϻסԺôˣ
ӳȻǶǺüǰ˰ɣ
ҦҲע⣬һһͬɵùܹˡ
ӳȻΪ⣬ЦЦû
зɹŻҦҲöʵӳȻ֪Լθãٺȵû
ô˾ȵӦûʲôɣ
ǳڡ
պһڣҦַһϢԼżһɣ˵¡
ӳȻظУš
飬һ촰˳
Ϻϰﰡÿҷλ£»Ҳȥ
ӳȻϺϢֻôô겻ɢ
ţ˵Ϻȶˣû
ţô
ϺһҹûȵӳȻĻظ˵ڶ10࣬˲ƵĻһ䣺Ǹ˯ˣƵַˣ»οԿǼңһҪæͷġ
ͷ죬ӳȻûϺһ䡣
ɰ⽿СĲᡣ

迴ԼŮ춼ֻüģɵʵڸ˭أһĲˡ
ûСϺæֻЦŶ˵裬ʲô𣿡
迴һۣƵĵ۳žҪĩˣʲôʱѧУϿΰ


110 
ϺһҪѧУһͷ
ǸŮ, ѧϰһϲͨȫǿԼͶϵĴѧ
ڴûп, һҹҹʵϰʵϰֻϺżҴҵԵôá
ɱϾǸѧĴأòҵ֤ʱϺˡ
ػػأͻѧУ˰ɣϺĸ첲Ž˵裬ıŮסôϾҪ, ҲŮ𣿡
ʲô迴ԼŮ˵ûпյûˮ⺢ӾǱǹ߻ˣԭȥѧһԸܺһ㣬㿴Լɹ, Ժô죿
ϺҲ, Цӯӯ˵ҾǸС, ҲҪ, ڼֶð
ƳһۣûϢӡ
Ϻ죬˵裬ͻѧУ, ֤´λʱŮ㿴вУ
ҲûƢŮ˵ȥʰ, ˾ѧУ
õ裡
ڶ죬Ϻͱ˾ȥѧУ, Сᵽᡣ
Ǹ˼䣬ͬѧͨĿǰڸͶ׼ҲʼУֻϺһڣҲֲˡ
ϺǴСģŮŮҲ䲻к˶ûС
Ǻġ
ϺԼɾ̾˿ǾüĶ⡣
ԵһȦϺ;˳ȥҲûԶѧУĹ˹䡣
ѧУǺѧУˣҲڱأؼҶͦģϺͦ⡣
˹һȦ󣬾ȥԻ
һ˳Ի˵㣬ʲô취أϺĲѧУʳá
йˮζġ
Ϻ׼Уʱӭһˡ
ںѧУһλʦһƺմʳó극ôӭ˹
ںͬ˵ʱ䶼λʦĿΣ˼ҳԶٷѾԹˣ˱ŸԼ
˲һѧʱ򣬾ѧȻתͷɺιɡ
ͣ˽Ųͷ˿Ϻ˺ü۲ԼԼˣڿԷ˫Ư۾ʱȻ˭ˡ
Ϻûлױ˸βɫ˱˵˭ˣ
ɳĬĿһۣŶߵͬ˵ʦæȥɣҸе㻰Ҫ˵
ʦһˣҲûвͣͷ뿪ˡ
Զ󣬷ɲϺʲô𣿡
ô⣿Ϻʵ
˵ϵʦȻ⡣
ϺȵĿʦ
Ƴһۣû˵
ܸоϺϵĶ⣬Ȼ֪Ӻζɷɲ֮֡
ҽϺϺҽܵѧУѧԺĴ֮ǰӳȻջϼһ棬֪㻹ǲǵá
ǵáƽ˵Ҽǵ㵱ʱͦƯģױһСûϳ治˼
㣡
ϺĳûױûԼڷɽһ
Ĺĵ˵һûױոոʦʲôأ
˵ûбҪɣ
ϺҲôһ˵ЦӳȻһ͸ĵȺͲҸ
˵㡣
㲻⣿
⣬Һʦװ׵ģ㡣˵ôҲѧУĽʦ㵽ڼҲûйһʦĺûòҪҪҸʦӦһ£
Ϻвң
ɿ˵ֻǾû˼סֻҳܵĻҾ뿪ˡ
ʲôϺס˵Ҿ֪ӳȻΪʲôüҲظϢǲǳʲôˣ
ɿһۣ˵ظϢԼǲظɡ
ϺԾˣ۳ŷɾҪߣס
е㲻ˣϺʵ㵽ʲô
ĪŮĺ֡
ϺѸٵĴֻҵӳȻ΢ţ㿪Ȧɿһ˷ɵǸҹͺƵƬ
Ҿ㣬ӳȻûʱúܿģܲԺҪܵôϣϺ˵Ǹˣûһú𣿡
Ϻ˵ӳȻġ÷ɾǮ˼ûʲôµ̫̫ÿ˰˺ӾǶССģ˹ܵġ
ӳȻôõһôôŮˣĺƽ
ɿԼδȦ΢΢۾
ùϺֻ·Ȼ˺üԼδϢ
˵ʲô
˵ӳȻӺǰ͵һױһˣΪľǲ÷ɿʵ
ͣ˻ֻ֣ԼĺܿЦӳȻʲôƬҪӱ˵ֻ
ҪЦˡ
ǣǹӳȻ˵㣬ҲǸӳȻģһʵʩǰӳȻͬ⣬ҲֻںȾƺ˯ϱȽϿѡ
ڣľԼôǸСӳȻǰȥ
˾ǵһأա
ҲȥˣֻϺ첽뿪ѧУϺڱû
صԢ󣬷ɾץеЭ¥ֱӽ˹Ԣһ¥Ĺܼļĳȥ
ٺӳȻκιϸˡ
Ҫô
ɸˡ
***
ӳȻȻ֪ԼؼҼʲôɻˣһ·ɻͽӵҦĵ绰
𣿡Ҧڵ绰
·ɻ׼سءӳȻһֽŵ绰һӣҦ˵ʲô绰˵ˣǵü˵İ
Ҳûʲô£ҪǺþûˣ졣
ǰҹղǲż𣿡
ôˣܺıôϻôô࣬ڲ¥λãֱӹɡ
һء
һҦ˵ǳ극ȥ
ӳȻ룬Ҳûʲô⣬ʹӦ˳ıķ̷һϢԼϲȥԷˡ
ķܿҲظ˹õģһļݡ
ӳȻ֪ˣŰɣһȥٿ
ӳȻ㿿ڽγűĿҲ֪ҦǴԼĵʲô
λƵĽ˳ǣְҦĶλһҹɫĲ¥
۵ķԱӭãҪʲô
ӳȻ˵ͱԼˣҦ
ԱЦõģ
ӳȻһðٱλú󣬾ͿҦڲǰӳȻ֡
ҦǰĲһ׶࣬мڿ쾰һ߽˼ɽɫˮڿյмСϪмƯСȥ
ȡˮƣҦݲ裬ģġ
ǸʲôӳȻҦ˵ʲôʱϲˣšͦ˼
˼ɣҦһ裬ɰС˳ˮƮƮĵӳȻǰ˵ǰӣͦ˼ģⲻúѹȺȲ裿
ӳȻС룬˿ڸݺõĲˮпôĵطɿ϶ϲ


111 
ҦԾЦ, ӳȻ˵㻹仰벻š
ӳȻΪ⣬ֲöˡ
ô, ǲǼˣӳȻŲֺǺǵ˵ɶʱ̸ЩһֱŲ𣿡
ʲôĵġҦƽ˵Ҿõͦã㿴ͷɽëƤ¡
ȻãҦǲ̫ô顣
˵⣬ӳȻɵ̾˿
˵ʵÿ춼ΪЩ鳳ҲͦġӳȻ˵˭ûиݵʱ˯һŴϿɲô
ⶼʲô¡
Ҧô˵ЦĿӳȻҳ߿Ϊʲô
ӳȻ˵ǲ÷ййôɸͰ, Ҳ۸ֻܹ߿࣬ҪǲԺұȥ
Уȥɣ˭ܵӡ
~
ӳȻŲ, ԽԽ÷ɿ϶ϲط, ҦôҵôһҲ¥ġ
¥ĵλеƫƧ, Ǹ潨趼Ǻܺõ, رЩͺľҾߣ϶ˣһرзΧС
̳ȥҪԭΪⲻ, λòرãҲûж˰ȲˣҲ¥һֱ, ڲϰʵ֧ţֻ˻Ǯ
Ҧطͦ˼, ҲŪ¥ˣŪ˽˻úòһ£ɢͣʵVIPƶȣֻлԱ¥Ȳ̸⡣
ԱͺܺˣҦӳȻɹˣԱԴ̸⣬ҲԽµĻԱͲ˷Щò
Ҧ㣬ӳȻҲ˼ڵ˽˻ʽУûһǲ¥ġ
òΡҦ˵ҪԺԼżеطˣһ˲ǨҲ׬һʡ
ţͦõġӳȻЦǻԱ001ž͵¡
϶ġ
ţͿԱ˸˽
ҦĿһۣʱ˲סˣոյĻЦһӳ
ֻлվ˲Զĵطһ˫۾ҦƺлҪ˵
ӳȻ֪ˣʶ
лҦĸ飬ҲʮˣԭǴɽĺӣΪҦ˸п˴ѧ֮һֱ˳¹
ЩӳȻ֪ˣҲ֪Ҧһֱˡ
ΪҦʼΪԼĸ׾ǰƯŮˡ
ҦİְҵûһҦҲûйܹҦеʱʼ飬Ҫ߷֮󲿷ֵĲƲ
ЩҦӳȻ֪ĺҲ֪ƺϲл壬˱ϰĹϵ˽Σ˭Ҳ˵塣
ӳȻ˿л壬ΪʲôͻȻܵ
ʲôҦҲãлһۺתͷӳȻȲ衣
лһ˫Ȼ۾µݣһ㶼Է32ꡣ
ӳȻ΢΢˵ͷǴ˸к
¡л˵ǹܵ顣
ҦڨЦһ˵ǸŮôˣ
л忴Ҧ̬ȣɵĳĬ˼ӣŻڵܵʱѾˣȥ
ҦԾһ㶣漴ַӦ䲻˵첻ǰҲ˼ΰɣÿҹȥúõģͲ˵Ĳˡ
лüܲ㵣ģԲżװûµġ
˵׻ҪǰݶϷҦõĿл壬˵ЩҲʣѾҰˣ˭һͺ˭һϲϲŮҶܡ
Ҧ˵ǻҪңȻһϷ
лæͣǵģʵ
ɡҦٿǰˣĿǰĲ˵ȥǸŮˣ˵ǧ꣬϶᳤ġ
˵꣬Ҧ÷Աȥлƺ˵ʲôȴһ˫ÿüͷת뿪ˡ
ӳȻɿ˳־磬ɵĶҦ˵Ȼ㻹ȥɣһʲôأ
ܳʲô£ҦΪ˵տʼ˵Ҿȥˣ˵ʲôëûоҡʵڲףǰŲʣʱܼʱңǧټҽڼң˵ͼʲô
Ҧʹüۣʧ˵лѾһˣÿζ˵Ĺ£Ѿζˡ
Ҳֻʹˣ뿴أ
ʲôȥˣ
Ҧߵ֪ˣֺαصء
ӳȻҦñ˼ҵٲ졣
***
л뿪¥ȥҽԺվڲǰŻ˯ѵ磬ϳ˳ݡ
ûжҦѣȷزʱղˡ
Ҧ18ʱ˾֢˵ֻڣܻҲʣˡ
Ҧ׽׽18յʱ׼˲ٵÿ׼һ綼л壺Щϲʣ᲻᲻ϲ
Ҧϣò͵ʱ䣬ǲҦ£Ű͵͵ˡ
ЩصﻻȴҦĶ
л嵹νҦ׷ǹʵģΪͰɣСԼĺҲ⡣
Ͳһˣѹˣһžܲס赹ͽ˼ҡ
ǶʱΣգҲзգֲò
һʧܣҲҦļˣлܵҦĸſڶÿҦһ仰Ըл彲
Ҧ˵ͨлʹҦİְҦ㣬ȴ֪ˡ
лһ٣˵ԼǸŮ֪Ҫл屣֤仰ҲҪ˵ȥͰߡ
лӦˡ
ϰ壬ĸסĶˣǰı˵ˣʵǾܾŮ˵
һ˿ʮꡣ
лڲǰŮѾ50ˣҲˣټϲʹĥŸǴӡ
ܡлĶ˵ҸոҦˣڹúܺãʲôʱ
ϵ˰û˵۾ûж
Ѿһˣҽ׼£лƿ
һأ
һкתأ
տʼʱһһСʱ˺һֻʮӣٵڣѾûˡ
л岻֪ʲôʱͻȻ뿪ȰȰҦ
һۡ
л˵˲ٵĻ˵Ź˾Ŀǰ˵Ż飬Ļ˵Ҧ顣
Ҧô࣬лûʲôֻ˵תϵˡ
ǰҦȥμѵˣ˵˺ܶ࣬Ҧ׼Цúܿġ
˸¥ҽȥ˿ķǳãҦˣúø㽲ܳԺˣҾʹȥ
Ҧһ㣬ŸƯˣûϲˣҲ֪ϲʲôģһҲįɣ28ˣҲӦҸˡ
һػص˵һ㷴ӦûУлͼϸ߶
ֱл뿪ҽԺҲûۡ
ǵˡ
л֪´۵ʱ򣬾һˡ
һҪ취ǸǰҦһۡ
ʲô취


112 
Ӳݳ, ҦʹӳȻȥ˷;лһЩ, Щ˶ǺͬУҦûͽϣִһ˶ٷ
ڼ8ʱķ̸ӳȻ˸绰˵ԼҪ°ˣ˵ļ鷿ӳȻӦ͹˵绰
ʱһ㵽9ӣӳȻͺ֪֮
ӴϰǵҪؼ˰ʶһλŮϰЦ˵˻ǹܵôϰ
ӳȻЦջ̫ȥҲá
, ӳȻԽԽԾ˰ؼˡ
˰ɣ
ȥɣ÷ɵˡ
˵Ц壬ȴҲûҦҲٴ, ӳȻؼ֮󼪡
ڳ, ӳȻ򿪳ҹ, ۾
Ҧ䵱һõ˾, ƽȣڵҲŵĵͳ
ôõҹɫ㲻Ҳðġ
ûóӾͽС˱ſڵʱ, ҦͣƳһ۽Ƶ˵ҵôû
ӳȻһۣҲ΢΢, ɻתͷҦ˵ɹϢɣϽȥ, ʱҲˡ
Ҧû⣬򿪺ӳȻſų뿪
䲻󣬱Ҳûжٶ·ÿݼĹˣװĶز͸ɵ
ŽݣӳȻƣﰲľɻ
˵濴ǽӳȻ͸оԾˣ̫ˣһƹⶼûУסӡ
ӳȻķſڣЬȥҺ鷿ûпɵӰӣǿ˱ķ˵ļĸǷļ˿ûķϡ
ļǿ϶ǹϵ顣
ӳȻ̫ջؼҾʹŵ˵͹鷿ͳֻɴ˸绰
绰˺ܾöû˽ӣӳȻ΢΢üͷָķ̴˸绰
ķܿͽͨ˵绰
̣ȥ֪𣿡ӳȻⶼ9ˣôû
ɴͰᵽѧУĹԢס˰ڵ绰ӳȻ˵
ʲôʱ˵𣿡
ûУ˵ǲˡ
ӳȻ΢΢üպûϰˣôҶˣ
˵绰ӳȻڴ߿ʼ˼
925֣Ҫ͸绰ץʱؼңɽһ绰ûдԼˡ
ӳȻſտյıòڣʵ̫ˣΪûԼĺһ
ǰԼ
8°࣬ڵıֻзһˡ
ÿӳȻصҶܿصСƣţйһٺɫů⡣
ͻͷĹվϺк
ȻкݻѯȥûȾƣΪʲôô֮⣬иڼӭԼĸоͦܰġ
ӳȻûһֱԼؼҵķԵľȻտյֱļҡ
һ뵽⣬ӳȻɵĿʼ顣
ֲ÷ƢԽԽ˭ſյļҲðİɡ
ԽԽΣӳȻָɴ˵绰ɶԷûнӡ
֡
ӳȻգգ۾Ѱ˼ŷӦǹ̫æûսԼ绰ȻûսӣԼһ˲͵ˣ
뵽⣬ӳȻʹӴһͳˡ
ͬʱڸʦԻķɿһԼֻӳȻ绰ͲˣӦѾ˰ɡ
ʵһֱӳȻĵ绰ӳȻ绰ˣֲҽӡ
ڣӳȻӦÿԼĹȥЭ˰ɡ
绰Լô
Ǿöӣ볳һֻع
Ժ˺ܶΣɵӳȻĴ绰ȴԥˡ
ʦһ۷ɵ飬Ц˵㰮˴绰ؼˣ
ѧУ֯һɳ7ӲŽҲԷʱˣɾԼλʦһȥԷǸлԼ˵ʱΡ
ʦĻ΢΢𾪣˵ûУҵ顣
ʦЦҿ绰㶼ûнӣǲǳˣ
ҡҡͷ
ϵʦ֪Ӣ飬ģ˵ͷ÷żѧУӹΣҶ˵˷ǳ䣬żȥӳȻĵǵͷ֮ˡ
ɲ̫ڳԷʱӳȻ飬ȥ֮ͼŷ
10ӵʱ̳ʼҪյĹ㲥˸պó꣬һ뿪̳
ʦİ˿ԷɾͣԼĳ˹Ԣ
ڿֲμɳеˣ˹Ԣţ׼Ьȥԡϴ裬Ϳ谵ķ˸ˡ
žһɴ˵ơ
ӳȻڹԢɳϣŽŵķɣ𴽽ǵʮˣôŻ
վſڣ˼ԼǳȥȽϺãӳȻȥȽϺá
ԢҲʮƽҵӳȻһɳǹѹӿˡ
ⳡӳȻѾǰǸֻÿɵֵСŮˣڵһɫ¿ɳϣŶȱصģʮ㣬ദ28ķɶʼġ
ӳȻûָоɲԼ϶
Լôô
ⶼȥˣԼô
ӳȻôţߵſڣŷɵֵͷ׶Է촽
ɻӲĿӳȻʲô
ʱ䷢˲ٵ飬ӳȻæûô˵Ϻͷȣ㣬Ҳĸ˰ɡ
ǰЩ鶼ǷҪӳȻ͸䲻һ£ЩҪɢĸоƺֻˡ
ӳȻ§ŷɵһֻǡ
ɵĺ󱳵ϣƿǰˣȴ֪ô˽ץŵӣüͷ˳ӵſ죬ӳȻһ顣
ǺϷޣôûȣһǾͷ·ϷŻһ㣬˭ûпơ
ߣɴᱡӳȻɵȹӾͰ̽˽ȥɻҲ׵κģ֪ôͱӳȻɳϡ
ɳӳȻϣҵǣϰµ
ɵʶҲ𽥻
ǲƿǰˡ
һΰɡ
룬ҲӳȻԼΪĿģûɾܾ
һ뵽ԼӳȻεȽΪһΣɱ
Ȼһˣ˵˾ҪֵǰЩҺͲ˼飬ڶܽܣӳȻԼ
顣
ӳȻ֪ɵ̣§ԼļץԼ·ɵЦҧļ򣬵Цģǻкܳʱ䡭
Ҳ֪ô£ӳȻ;ýķɸǰƤڡҲǷ⺬ֻ̫̲סʱŻץӳȻļ
ɽ죬Ǳ˸һִ󵨣ӳȻ̽壬˫۾źˮűҪƯ
һҹɳϡ϶Թϴ˶һϴġ
ۻˣϴԺ˯ˣӳȻ˱ϣı˯


113 ʮ
һ, ɾ˯˵ڶϾŵࡣ
ԺŹԢ컨忪ʼ, ϵ飬ҲӳȻǰ顣
ʶ̫ˣȦӼصģ϶˶ôҶ֪˵ÿ˶һʡ
룬Ȼᷳһ󣬿Ҳûа취
ǲ֪Լʲôʱ֪
塪
Ԣ屻죬ɸ׼ţһСܵ˹Ԣš
С¥𣺡
֮ӳȻлл
šءһ, ӳȻƺһ¥Ĳϣ¥ͿѾ˴ϣ˿һãȻĶԼ
˯ˣ
ӳȻˬĿϻŷ¹ɵ˯¡
ôˣԢҲӳȻ·
, ȴƺĶжԷټ
㶵Ŀ, ʵΪʲôûߣ
ӳȻҲ, գգ۾ʵΪʲôҪߣ
ϸ, ˶û˯ѣӳȻҪǾܲ˵ˣ̫ˣ
ӳȻΪԼͦõ, һϵԼš
ĿӳȻûпҸĵĶ𣿡
ţӳȻԺˣҼʲôˣ
ûӳȻ, ƺȷзļ鷿ˣΪǹϵļû, ԭǷɸĵô
Ǻְ˼ÿ춼棬ʲô鵱治˵ǵüļȥ
ǸûӳȻʵԷ˵·ɻͺͰȥˣһ˷ŵŵң㲻̴ָ绰֪ᵽԢסˣⲻô
˵꣬ɵüͷûʲô
ӳȻԸͿˣ㻹Ҫ˰
ɫһӾͳˣӳȻһľᡣ
ӳȻﲻɵĿʼģüͷʵҼʲô
ôһɲ̫õԤУ
ɳ˳ǣЭ顣
ӳȻ𾪣ʲô
Э顣ظһ飬ӳȻ˵Ҫ飬ѾЭĸˣǩǾͿ԰ѻˡ
ΪʲôӳȻǳĿŷɣʵ㻹Ϊϴ˵ҲģҪǻ͸˵Ҿֲܵ㡣
ɾĿҡҡͷ
ӳȻе㼱ˣȴվԭüͷԷ˵˺òãһôˣʲôǲܹͨģΪʲôǵأ
û֡ʧıۣܹĻһ춼άֲȥˡ
ӳȻԾˡ
ɶ˵ÿҶ룬ӵʲôʱǸͷΪʲôҪһÿ㴩´磬㰴ʱؼҰʱ˯ҿĸס
˵ҲϲԼΪֻʵҶԼ
ӳȻһŷɣ˰βʵԹ𣿡
ҡҡͷӳȻ˵鲻ͻ룬Һ֮ǰˣֻ¶Ķѡ
ΪʲôӳȻʲô㲻Ϊ˵ĻǺġ
ɿֻԼһôɣ
ӳȻ˵ˣŷϵı飬òʵǡҪҪٿһ£
Ҫɳ˵ܹˣһӶټ㣬˾ͱģҲԺҪԵ޹ʳǰˡ
ӳȻſڣû˵ɾĿ˵ô㻹Ժ󲻻йϵˣϴҼ뿪
ɵܴӳȻδЪ˹
ϵıʹ࣬ӳȻŷɣʲôû˵ץԼ·һ¥Ϻתȥ
ءһǱըһ
ɾڴϱűӣ޵Ļ
***
ҦӵӳȻ绰ʱýһ顣
һֻеϽɢʵôС㣬ϲǸռôִ绰ʲô
Ҧ٩ӳȻȴû˼Ц
Ҫ顣
ӳȻһ仰Ҧסˣ˵п𣬳һɡ
ҦͬˣԼһ˾ȥĲ棬ͳš
ӳȻȵģҦ֮ӭӣֱӰҦ˰ᣬһȥҦ͸оӳȻϵ̫ã˶ģ˭˳۵ӡ
վŷԱһĿž
ӳȻͦ˵ģҦԾͷԱ˵ȳȥɣﲻˡ
æкŷԱҦӳȻЦУܺҦģ÷ԱվţʲôҪֱӸ˵ˡ
Ҧ˵ͷ˾͸æˡ
ӳȻѾһӵķˣɺѣһӶûж
ôˣôƢҦ߹ߣһ˵һҪȥ˾ͲȾˣǺȵûɣ
ӳȻ΢΢˵ͷͬˡ
ѩ̺Ҧô£ոڵ绰˵Ҫ飬ʲôˣ
ӳȻҦһۣԩʲôûҪ飬Ҷ֪Լʲô
˻úõģӳȻҲˬѵôĬһϷ˵飬ȵˬڻtop1
ӳȻô벻ףΪʲôҪ顣
ҦΪһߣӳȻ˻ϻӣѩ̵׾ơննա࣬һߺȻһҦΪʲô
ң˭
ֲǷɡ
Ҧ²ۣɻ룬ӳȻ˵Ҿ÷ɵƢʵͦõġ
ӳȻ
ǸҪʲôϵ
Ҧɻ󣬾ͼ˵ɵƢôãһʮ궼ûи㳳ܣûпܲˣԲŸ飿
ӳȻˣƵĺűѩ̡
Ҧ˵֮ǰǴγ󣬷ɾʹ飬ɺû˵ˣֱ¡м£ǲǷʲô
ţ
ӳȻ뵽ʲôҦһ˵мҺ͹˸գʲôû
Ҳڣɽͦ˵ģûȥο
ûС
ӳȻ˳ȥ鷿ˣһֱæ11ϴ˯ڶһ𴲣ƺûзʲôֵ顣
Ҧһ£ƶϵм϶㲻֪鷢ŻҪ顣
ӳȻõüͷҦ˵ĺܲϲȥ·ɵ뷨ʲô鲻ֱӸңһҪưһȥԭ𣿡
ֱʰҦ˿ϣӳȻ˵ɵƢǺܺõģǲ̫ó˵ŰֻҪ϶ǻ˵ġ
ǿɲһӳȻʹü˵˵ңҾͷ˵һ춼ȥˡ룬Ĵˡ
Ҧ˶٣ʵأͷ𣿡
ӳȻ˵
ʵ˵ĿǰΪֹƺûʲôΪ̫ϤˣӳȻǾӦһ𣬶Ϊϲһ
ӳȻӦɵĸҲΪˡ
ԼԺҪа£ȥһİ˴˽⵽ϲֱҷ÷ĸ㡣
ӳȻĬҦҲɵ̾˿
Ȼǲ侲侲ҦӳȻ˵Ĳϲɣõľ


114 ʮһ
ҦĻӳȻ˺ܾ, ˼֮󣬱ķе߹ѯʲô, ӳȻûлӦֻǻЬ¥
ϵļԭⲻӣӳȻѾ֪ʲôˣ˺ܾòŲļǷЭ˳
Ƿ˵˾ҪҲҪ
˾ӳȻҴƴģɲҪҪҲ, ӳӸ˵ˣеĴӳȻǮġ
ҪľֻԼڴѧǵĵԢԼߵ
ֲӳȻһµ룬˵Ǿ, οǹԢҲǷԼǮ, ӳȻһϵûС
ЭϵЩ, ӳȻɵԽԽꡣ
ʶ, ԼͷɳһŽ֤֮⣬Ҳûκζܰǣһˡ
ڣŽ֤Ҳû, ʱͷľͱİˡ
һ뵽⣬ӳȻ;﷢£Լǰ鷢, ְǷЭӽ˳
鷿ҳԼյʱ͸
в󣬷ɸӳȻͰ͵һ, ڶûв
ӳȻѺ˳ڵϲһݳƷƵκС
һԼʯںɫ˿޺Եøҫۡ
ӳȻ֪۸񰺹˵ҲҪµʱ䣬˵ɵ׼ĸ£ܸӳȻ͸
ĸµʱԼģʲô
ӳȻȫ벻ˡ
ȻԼûȥĹɣ֪뷨Ҳ²͸˼
ӳȻܾãְ˳Լͷ˲ϡ
о仰Ҧ˵Ĳԡ
ӳȻûвϲɣЭҲǩ
***
Ҧտһ飬ûɢСܾ˽ĵ˵Ҧܣ¥иܵл壬Ҫ𣿡
л壿
ҦŮôԼˣԴԼ˸׵ֿʼ˾лǸԼӦǸŮ˵ָʹɡ
ϻҦҵǮ
Ҧû˼Ӿ;ܾ˶Էļ
һææµµʱСܰҦķ˶˽ҦԷ㱨һ¹ճ̣˳ֵҦܣлС¥µ
Ҧ΢΢üͷ̲˵ȥ˵Ҫˣ˳ñϳȥҲȥʱܼ
Сܵ˵ͷȥˡ
ʱҦǱȽæģϵҦʹ˾˾Ӷߣ˸³ͷڼ޹һ
ǿҦ̸ʱ䶼ûˡ
һ紦˼ļԼ̸˼߹ܺ°ˡ
һ¥ʱҦʶĿһϢﲢûлӰҲ֪ʲôŲһ֮뿪
ԼѳԷɺ˵Сƣ11ʱű͵˼¥¡
ҦûֻǺ˾֮е㿺ܣԼСӹʵ̫̹ˣÿԼӳȻʱϾҪ9ǰؼңֵ
ԼûţȻҲñܵġ
šһŴ򿪣ҦСƤЬԼſȥȴ˲Ӧóˡ
Ԣһһƣ¥Ҧ֮ûסл˿վϣǿ϶ڵԼġ
лҲ֪վǶˣҦת˵ڹ˾Ȳ㣬ſڵˡ
ҦĬһ£ûǰ˷Ŵ̤˽ȥ
Ьſڣһ·һ·ףлվſڿ˿˳ӵ˷ţڵ߰ĶӦ÷ŵλá
Ҧڰ̨ԼһˮƵߵɳ
лǻ㱨һվǰнĿŶԷ˵㣬ǹĸ׵顣
ҦΪˮڲ輸ϣһŮʿ̣һںſɳϣǰˣ³һڰ
УҦͿģˣ￴һ쳣
л̾ü̺Ⱦƶ岻ãԺˣҲٺȵ㡣
ҦԾЦˣƫͷ˵лʲôݸ˵ЩģˣǡСݣ
С衯һӾл̧ͷͷüͷҦǰһ͵Һĸʲô鶼ûУ㲻Ҫ˵ֻ
ʮˣҦΪлƻǼͥԪףڵ̬
лÿζҦͣһȫᣬš
ҲһҦڨЦһ²𣬼ɢɢĳ̣ɳֳԼԴл壺ƾʲôҪȥǸŮˣ
ĺأѾһûˡлҽĻҽԺѾʼȰˣȥֻʹࡣ
ҦĻʹü˵춼һףܻܲڣ
лҲˣҦˣȥҽԺĸװɡǰ˺ܶĴ£ǰǵĻ㣬ȥɡ
Ҧлûп
˰Σ˵ңôң
лһ㶣æ˵ʲôԣֻҪȥҽԺ
ðҦԴһЦе̶л˵·ˣֺĸһֺңҾȥҽԺ
ʲôл岻ɵĵɴ˫ۣҦ𣿡
Ҧֻ̯̯֣Ǻܺ棬㵽ʲôܹĸʮֻ꣬ҪԸ⣬Ϳȥ
леˡ
鲻ˣܲҦڮ
ʮˣҦûһκҪ·ֺԼлûʼ
˵ԼĶ׼뿪Ҧ⣬ûж˵һ仰Լˮĺһڡ
л嵽ſڣ׼ȥʱ򣬺Ȼͣ
ҽĻѾˣ⼸ˡ
лһѼһƴ˸ڽӴҫĵܵܣȴ㰤ܶȱʳ֪Ǽҵһѣл˵һӶǰյɽ
ıҵһ
ʱֻʣ⼸ˣлţܾҲûлҦȥˡ
л忪ʼԥˡ
գɿŰ˻վڴ۵ĵƹ¿ɳϵҦԸ⣬Ļȥĸ𣿡
ҦƳлһۣ˹ǵ˵
áлеİһߣʼԼŦۡ
ɫĳӼͷ䣬ɫİȹҲл崩һ׷۰ɫվڿϸϸķŶ
ҦԴ˵ĸʱҲᴩ𣿡
л۾ȴ˵һ仰
زˣٰܲ·ϰɣ
ͷĵƹⲻ֪ΪακʱҪۣǰл˴ﵽʿһ˿һŹ
ҦлɫҰףȴòԼΪվԼǰ
лڷ
Ҧۣ۵Ĳ32˰ɣ
û˻ش
Ҧ˹л΢ôһ㣬˿̴ս˰ִл岻ŴƵϸϣ㱣Ŀá
лɫҰ׵ı۾Ҧܹ촽һֻԷ°ͣȥһڡ
ϴ衣Ҧ˵ȥȥǸŮˣͿܲҾˡ


115 ʮ
ڶ, лǱ۵չѵġ
ĴӴһϵĺۼ, һҦ˯ø
лֻû¶ܲϺҦһҹлѾ벻Լô˯ȥˡ
һ뵽Щ飬л㿪ʼɵĻ
ʲô
Լ˵ŮϴҪǱ֪ˣô
лûа취ˣҦ̫ȥĻ, ҲԼŮһ档
Ϊ磬лҲֻܰԺϣҦҪԼϵĳŵ
Ƚŷ˴лŽ߳׼ȥϴһ¡
Ȼԡң볳Ҧ, Ҳ뵱ϴ, ֻܳȥĴ, ΢ϴһԼһҹ塣
, ͷҲġ
л򵥵ϴԼ֮ŴԼڿ·
һȥʱлԼƺˣѹ·ֺҦǸ, Լ
׼ۺóһŦ۵ʱ򣬷ڰֻȻл, Ÿæ
ҽԺĵ绰
лԴˡһըˣ֪ҽԺûʲôǲ绰, æͨˡ
ιл飡ҽԺĻл˵ˣϿһ˰ɣ
ˣл۾ˣֻʵҽҽô˵
ҽû˵㣬ϽҽԺһˡ
ʲô
л⻰˶ǰʱڲѶѣڲˣԻ˵ԼҪ֪ǰһ仰˵
عⷵա
лԺһӾͳĸ֣֪ʱˡ
Ҵҹ˵绰лܵҦߣ˶Է˯Ӳҡ
ҦеĿǰ˾һĸʲôûһ˯𣿡
л岻ܲ˵Ķ˵ȥҽԺھȥ
㷢ʲô裿ҦҲе㲻ˣһʱ䣬6ӣôһû˯ѣлҪȥҽԺ
˰ɣл飡
ˣȥлץҦ֣еĶ˵ϴӦҵģ˵ȥҽԺģ
Ҧüл԰׵ɫĲɫǺۣɵı졣
ȷô˵ġ
֪ˡҦл尧񣬴Ӵ˵Ҳõˢϴ·ٳŰɣ
лæͷ˵10ӺǾͳš
Ҧ
10ӣ
ϴʱ䶼òã
лܵôֱ࣬Ӱ˴ӴƽԡңϽ
Ҧһϴһˢһƣܾúﲻ̫ԡ
ƾʲôô
ƾʲô
ûãлͽĿʼһ㣬ҦֻôԼ˼·һ»·ͺлһš
Ҧųһ·ҽԺȥлɫǺܲ԰ףһ
ԭҦһ£Ͼ˸շϵлƺЩҦҪֻ
ҪֻʲôҦʵΪڿҲûȥֹлĶ
л˵һ䡮绰֮󣬾ʹҦֻҵҦĵ绰˳ȥ
Ҧ޹ԼŮһ绰Ҳƣ֮ͨŷлġ
Ҧл壬֮ǰ档лû׽ʱ䣬ֱ˵ĶҦ˵ΣҺҦҽԺϣҲץʱҽԺһˣӦˡλһҦֻȥһϹлл㡣
Ҧл˵꣬Ĭ˼Ӳ˵֪ˣȥҽԺѶλҰɡ
ͨлʹҦ΢ŸҦ㷢˶λԼֻ˼绰һ·ææµµġ
Ҧ岻ϻֻƲĿų
ʵʼңǽֵһĲ֪Ӧôл塣
ϣ˵ƣ͵Ӵ˵㡣
ʵƽǻлһ·ֺԼʲôġҦ붼롣
ڶ̫ףԼΪʲôͻȻ˵ֻ
ҦԼԺ
ڽֺģǳ嵭֮ǹֵգȻҦ治֪˷ϵۣһӦ˵Щʲô
˵ĵһʲôţ
һĸʲôûһ˯𣿡
Ҧ
ǲ̫ãڶ˵ʲôţ
㷢ʲô裿
Ҧ
֤ƽ˵ģ
СƳлһۣԷƺæҦһ߾˿һ־úܷ꣬Կĸ˵㡣
Ľֵһ˶ûУ˺ܿ͵ҽԺѳͣúֱ¥
лżӣһų˲
ҦҲ˽ȥ
һͿ˲ǰͻʿ˵ŻлҦˣɫ˲١
Ҧüͷ΢壬Ƴлһۣ˼ǣ˵ʱ䲻ˣ
Ҳɫ˵
лûҦɫæߵĲǰѯ˻ʿʲôʿл壬΢΢ҡҡͷ
ú㲡˰ɡʿл˵ʲôٽҡ
Ȼʿߺлæ£Ц˵òã˺ܾˣߡ
лۿˣʵ˵ڲߣ΢һҦ˵˵
翴˿վһԵҦ˵ͷЦҲã˵¡
ҦĬ˰Σ̧˹һ˲ǰ
лվҦ󣬶˵Ҧ˵Ҳȥӭһ£ġ
л뿪ҦſǰŮˡ
Ȼе㻳л廰ʵȣ״̬ȷرá
ɫܰƤҲɳڣһ˫۾ǵһֻŻŵģһ۾ͻʧȥһ
𣿡Ҧɵʵʲôҽô˵
ڲҦ֣ûлش⣬̾㳤ˣСʱ̫һˡ
Ҧû֣ĵĺƢ˵ǻ᳤ġ
ǰҲþû˰ɣϴμʲôʱ򣿡
괺ڣ˵仰
ô𣿡
š
̾˿˵ͬһУҾȻôûмˣ治Ǹְĸס
Ҧû˵Ĭˡ
ҲûмƽϣЦŶҦ˵ʵһֱ˵Բô㲻Ųʣһѹɣ
Ƶ̾˿Ž׵컨пӦòܻ뿪ҽԺˣܼһ棬ĺܿġǰҺܺڣûж㣬ȴܸˣŮ
Ҧû˵߶߶˵ţ󲿷ֶСʱ飬ԼΣƺôܵĻһ˵˳
үʱ䲻ˣտʼ˵˰Сʱ˵ϻˣֻһĶҦ˵šԲ𣬶Բ𡯡
ҦҴҸҽԺƿߵǰԼǰһۣҦ˵ȳȥҺ͡˵顣
ҦѾ׹ˣ֪عⷵյʱ䲻ˣ㰲ÿλãԾ˰뱲ӵķ޼һ档
һʱ䣬ػصվźܶˣǶһ棬ȴлסˡ
310ֹ֣ͣûҽԺ
֧һлҲܲסǰһھͻ赹ҽԺϡ


116 ʮ
лĻ赹һ, Ҧʱ򣬲ŷл, Ƿˡ
ȥ˼ҵˮҦ㴦ĺ£ҦûʲôͰл塣
ԼĸȥҦûֻ̫΢΢Щѹѡ
ڲϻԵл壬֪ô졣
ҦԼŪ˸˾˵ȫȨл帺лΪ鶫, ĺԼϵҦĪĲʹ졣
ûûֵԼĸߣʮഺ
ҦΪʲôز羿лٺôô
ԽԽ, ϷŴ, л
ҲûϢ, æµһ, ²շ˲лһƿˮͺ˲٣Ҳڲ
Ҧһֱڲǰ, ֪˭һظʲô˵Ϣ
ˣҦͷҲ̧Ķл˵赹ˣ, 8ӣҪҪԵʲô
лڲΧ, ʵܵĺ£ô
첻ǽʦôǱƺһаǰķԸͺˡҦֻл˵ĺ£ҰѾ˴ˣҪǲĿԸϵһжǵ뷨
лˣ΢΢˵ͷһϵҦģллԸҽԺ
Ҧ˵л
˵ֿʼҦһл˵ȥ㡭
лȴĻҪûʲôͻȥɣԼչ˺Լ
Ҧ
΢΢üʵʲô˼ߣ
л۾û˵
ãܺá
׷Ҫ棬ҦϵûˣлˣͿʼԼ˦ǰɣ
ҦɫһӾͳҲסˣֱվԲϵ˵лţչǿΪõķϣ㷢ոҲһĹϵԲչ㡣
ȻߣҲǿҦ˵ֻϣлСԺ˰£Ҫùһףȥˡ
˵꣬Ҧлһۣת뿪ˡ
ߺлŲŽë˫ۣ۽ͨ죬ۿҲˮ
ҦĻʵ̫ˣûκˡ
Щ˵ٶ඼ûãҦƻҪ
лڲϣ۽ǻͷĬı۾
ողӦôҦ˵ģлûа취֪ﶼʲôҪ顣
һʮŮͯᣬὫԼȫʲᣬȥҪŮͯѧǸıˡ
лһˣĸԸΪκ顣
ڶ£Ĺ˾
˾󣬵ҲǸй˾бʾԼһɷݽŮҦ̳УҦҲΪ˾CEO˾СС
ɷÿķֺӯһͶ뵽ᣬҦԸ̳ⲿֹɷݣлͻᰴЩȨ
һ۹Ȩעһϵе⣬лü̳õİ취
Ҧ̳йȨһҪǾǱл飬˾µˡ
ⶨʱл˵ˣлµˣҦ约Ҧһ̳˹˾ͻлߣһӴɽ߳Ůһû˹Ҿˡ
ĳĵȷΪлãлһϣ˭뵽ǰһ죬ȻҦ˹ϵ
Ҧļ̳˹˾л顣
л塭е
µҲûлأΪԼҲΪļҵлڶ̶̵ļӾѾ˾ҪҦ̳йȨ
***
ʱһξ͹һ¡
һһζûϵӳȻӳȻҲûȥϵ
ǷЭ飬Ŀǰ鷿ĳûж
ӳȻǩҲ뿴̵ʲôʱ
ʵ֤̰
ӳȻڰ칫ץѾˣյ24ȶӳȻĵһ
ڰ칫Ҵߵңߵػص˰СʱͻȻԼϵֻͨ
ι
ӳȻҦڵ绰˵ȥ˲ϴ˵ҪҰĶʲô
ӳȻһҦһӾû˾񣬿ƽ˵ʲôʲô
Ҧüϴϣ˵ҿȥһ˹˵ҪҰĶʲôҸˣٸ˵һ顣
ŶûʲôӳȻ˵ԭǴҰɨĹʱõģ벻ô鷳ˣʱҲ
ҦԳĬ˼ӣ̾˿尢̵ļû취ȥʸá
ӳȻ˵ͷ
ϸҦĸΪȥӳȻȥμʱԼĸĸӳȻʱΪ뿪ģѾȥʮꡣ
ɼǹȥôãӳȻǻԼİ裬رܹҦο˺ܾá
ҲˣӳȻûм뿪ŸҦϢҦתͷߵӳȻ
Ĵ𣿡
ӳȻش
ֱڣҲû㡣
һӳȻȵͷҪˣɷɾ͸ʧһȫûļ
ҶҦĵ绰ӳȻϿʼ
ûȳأշȥֻӳȻƳһۣǷɵĵ绰󡮚_һ½ͨԼĶߡ
ֻͨ˭û˵
ɲ˵Ϊ⣬ӳȻĵ绰ôӵô죿
ӳȻ˵ΪҲԼ绰ӵ̫ˣ᲻ԵֵܲǮһֻڵ绰Աߵһ
˰ΣӳȻȿ˿ڡ
һԼ״̬ƽ䵭ʣʲô𣿡
ӳȻľͳˣڵһˣҸЭǩ𣿡
ӳȻ˵Ϲ̫æˡ
ˣ
ô黹
˵ӳȻͲѷɵ£Բ
εЦһŶӳȻ˵Ҿ֪ûаҵϡ
ӳȻҭһ£˵ģɻ˵ֳֻܱĬ
ŵ绰ͷӳȻ˵ɵľ͸ˡ
ԭΪӳȻŲΪи飬ͨ绰ȥ֪ԼӳȻʲôλˡ
һпޣνˡ
ɻ˿ŶӳȻ˵ûϵھ㹫˾һЭȥ칫㡣
˵꣬ҲӳȻ˵ʲô͹Ҷ˵绰
ӳȻŻصֻɵץԼԴʼͷۡ
ǧ㣬վǱɸץס˰
ӳȻԭΪЭǲܾˣû뵽ɾȻԼһЭɱˡ
ڼװȥ»ü
С
ӳȻҡҡͷʵ̫ˣһԵԼ·һ
ӵ裬Ÿǰ̨Ա绰ǿ˾ҪţֱӰ˴İ칫ҡ
黹ʲôӳȻԼӦúúø̸һ̸


117 ʮ
ɱʱ, ûκֹƺӳȻǰк, ǰ̨СӭŷȥӳȻİ칫ҡ
ӣӳȻĺԼ鰡
ԽԽΪһӳȻи飬ڷǿˡ
ദʮ꣬Լĸι˹
ӳȻǸǡ
ûţƿӳȻİ칫Ҿ˽ȥŶԷڰ칫ǰԼеǷЭļϡ
ǩְɡɶ˵һҪ, ǩЭ鼴Ч֤һᰲſݼĸ㡣
ӳȻգգ۾һǷЭ˵ʵҲôż㿴Ͼ͵ˣһԶٷ
ƽĿ, װģʲô
ǵԼô, Ժ⻹ܳ˦ӳȻ, ܺߵݲͬ顣
ɿϤĲϤ, Ȼ俴İɫһöĶһۡ
ӳȻյʱ򣬷͸
, ǰ͵ʲô˼أ
ɵľͷ·ǱһԽĸ㲻ӳȻʲôˡ
ֻԼ, κε
ɴ۾ȥ΢΢ɳƵӳȻ˵Ҳ, ЭǩˣǾҲûйϵˡ
ǩɡ
ǩ֮С뱲ӵ˾Ҳûйϸˡ
Źţ··
ӳȻҲȥ׷ϲ޴ŮҲÿȥһԼˡ
˶á
ӳȻϿŷɣǲֻҪǩˣ;ÿģ
ӳȻû˵
ֻӳȻƵ̾˿ֱӴʣЭǩ
ɫ㱣ȴһЦ
һҳɶ˵Աǩġ
ӳȻˣķֺ̌ͷŷɣˣ
⡣
⡣
Ƿεģȴ֪Ϊʲôȴӯۿմʪ˷ɵĽëһӾ˳ۿ
ӳȻ΢΢һ㶣˵ʲôͿһץǷЭ飬ͷҲص뿪˰칫ҡ
ӳȻάŽƣŷĨ뿪ıӰסˡ
ʲô
ӳȻüԼòã
ûпޡ
***
¥İӳȻҦһǰƮȥɰСûһ˷
ӳȻ
תȦˡӳȻ̫Ѩ˵취ûУ
Ҧ̾˿Ų췢
Ҳ֪ôˣԴӺлֿһǻεԷ
еʱڴȵƬΣеʱڲϵӡ
ʱЩӰ񻹻ͻȻԺðл˵ЩǰǲסĶԽԽ
ǣԴȥлѾһ¶ûҹҦˡ
ǰǴδй顣
˵ҦӳȻϲһˣʲôо
ӳȻԾ̾˿α컨壬˵֪
ҦƳһۣ㲻ô֪ϲһʲôо
ӳȻҲƣǲ֪ǲ֪Ҫ֪ϲһʲôоҳ𣿡
Ҧ룬Ҳǡ
ӳȻ绰ʱ򣬵һ˵ԼͷˣҦһæԼһ档
֮ӳȻɫҦҪ΢˲٣ܷƺʲô飬ֲ˵
ڣ˴۵С۵ڲ¥һСʱˣ˭û⡣
ҦεĴȰлԺ󣬸ӳȻһ裬㵽ôģ
ӳȻû
ҦĬ˵Ҽǵϴ㻹˵϶ͷ飬Źȥãô˵أ
ӳȻҡҡͷ̾˿Ҳ֪˵Ҫʱҵȷǲֿġ
ǽôǩأ
ĥҲ侲һˣɵ̬ȻôӦ¶Ҫˡ
ӳȻǰ峺ĲˮƵ˵ߵʱˡ
Ҧ̧ͷһۡ
˵ǲǲӦǩ֣ӳȻ˵Ȼϣǩ֣ΪʲôҪǩأ
ӳȻ㲻ףԼûв¶Էɵ˼
źѳƲҵģҦҲɵİοǩǩˣôʲôأ
ӳȻûп
ǰѾزˣ֤ĵ֣ͷɾİˣЩʲôأ
ӳȻ벻ͨ
ǰǻ᲻ϸַ˫޺˵۾ͺڿӦԼһ
⣿
ӳȻüͷ壬ܾ÷ƺʲôû֪
Ҧڲ¥һ磬ӳȻʵû˼ؼҡ
ʱҦһӳȻ·ɵüͷ⴩ʲô۾ģʱҶû
ŵʱûע⣬ˣҦͿӳȻ˿ţп㣬滹һ˫ӫɫЬٿǾƺɫ֦ƵĿôôײࡣ
ӳȻһߺ¥һ˵ǰ·ǷɰҴģڣҾʲôʲôһ΢һأÿ𣿡
ҦҡҡͷȰؼҡ
ŪӳȻĪġ
˼ңԺݣӳȻӭȥʵôôͻ˰Ե𣿡
ӳȻ˳˵ɡ
Ҳһ˳ԡ
ӳȻĵ˷ˣһˮ߶߶˵ִ𻹱ˣ˵Ϻ㰡ģӳȻһʲô
ӳȻЩһϲͨ˵ʲôͿˣ˰β˵㿴Űɡ
̾˿˵ͷ
һֻӳȻһ˳Էԣÿϳڣ粻еʱҲڼҳԣһµĲǮ˺ܶ࣬̽ӳȻ˵һᡣ
ʵӳȻЩǰǷɹʵģǸ˦ƹ
Ȱһ°ֿ࣬һûУͷƤʼ顣
ӳȻҲ֪ԼӦЩʲôڿɳϿŵӽĿȥҲûʲô˼ɴ˸շţɳϿ컨巢
ߵӽĿ΢ɢһЩ¼š
ͷĵһ죬˵ֲС
ӳȻǴ
ټԼЩѶ֪ӳȻϳûȫ
һߣɹ¼ҹˡ
ӳȻʲôꡣ
10࣬ӳȻ˴һأ˺ڰС
ԭΪ˯˾ûˣӳȻȴһܲҵ顣
Ȼʧˡ
һ죬ʧߵĸоãӳȻִ̫ӶãȻڴϣԼҪ군
вУҷһ˲У
ӳȻ˸磬ų˰׼ȥѧҷɡ
ûǴӦڿΣӳȻȥѧ¥϶ܶµ
Ȼһҹû˯ӳȻǺܿܵģټ϶߷壬СʱӳȻͿų˽ѧ¥ǰĿյأѳͣ
ӳȻҪҪ¥ʱ򣬾ڽԼ֡
ӳȻ
ӳȻһͷͿϺû֦չԼƴĻ֡


118 ʮ
Ϻ
ӳȻǰƯСﲻɵüͷ
ô
ϺӳȻ˷, 첽˹վǰ¶һÿЦݣôⰡ
ӳȻüһأôѧУ
ѧ, ҽϺЦģӳȻ˵ѧУʲôҵ𣿡
ӳȻЦһ£ôҲû뵽ôɣȻУ԰Ϻ
ȻϺģɼȻҲֱ˵ǣϾ谮СŮӳȻҪӵġ
ѧУ£ˡӳȻ⻰˵۽ƳһϤӰ˹, æ̧ͷȥ
ȻҲǿӳȻϺˣټֵӣ΢΢һ㶣ʲôˡ
ǩ飬͹Сˡ
ܺ, 黹ˡ
ɲӳȻġ³衯, װûп, ֱӽ˽ѧ¥
ӳȻƼɿԼһ۾ѧ¥ȥæ׷ȥ, ȴϺһס
ӳȻϰ壬һûг緹أһȥԷѽϺܴ, ƺǹģ滹һ䣺ңĺܿ, ǽȥ氡
ӳȻһԴʺţʲôʲô, ǲǲʲôʱ˵Լģ
ҾΪϺһ󣬷ֱ¥Ҳ֪ûϺղŸ䡣
ûӳȻ֪·ͬѧǷ׷תͷһۣ˽
ӳȻ÷ǳΣתͷϺ˵С㣬ҽ治ģֻǴɡҿҲϿεľ͸Ͻȥɣٵˡ
ϺȴΪ⣬ӳȻǲԼģˡ
Ͽʲô˼϶Լָ˼
ʲô鰡ҲżģҿԵæһȥϺЦӯӯ˵֪һҲζرãæȥԷɣҪпǾȥ֣ҪûҾȥ㹫˾㡣
۳ϺԽ˵ԽƣӳȻɫˡ
һѳԼֺ˺üϺıǺˮޣҲôˣæ˽ȥϺûüӦֱһﵹˡ
ϺɵˣվԭؿӳȻ쭳ǰһӿߡ
Ů˼ֱ˧ˣ
ôжԼ޶Եأ
ӳȻǸ˶ɹϺ޵Ȥ
***
ӳȻҲûܶԶȻ뿪˴ѧɻһ˲ԶĹԢѳͣ档
Ƶ̾˿÷ɿ϶ϺĻú̸̸ǲˣֻ취
ӳȻ³߽˹Ԣ͹Ԣһ¥Ĺܼҵͷ˸кˢ˵ݡ
ɵСԢͦģҿѧǣסĻⷿѧʦûô߰޺׵ꡣ
˵ݣӳȻ˷ɼҵķţ֮š
ܺá
ӳȻ룬ӷɻûü롣
ȥӳȻ˿ĲãǸ뿪ǰӣֻһ¥СϷ˳һСӦǷɳűȽϴæſڵЬҲһһ
ӳȻЬãһ˫ЬһԹԵĻЬһôôʡء
ô˵ӳȻõİʰһ¹ԢӵӸϴϴŪ˰СʱɨĶˣӳȻҲʼеˡ
һҹû˯ָʰ˰Сʱӡ
ӳȻҲ֪ô£ڼҵʱһⶼûУһ˷ɵСԢ;øİģҲӿ
òһˣ÷Ӧ˯Сʱ
ôţӳȻ΢ϴһ£ŹǷ¥ɵı˯ˡ
ϤζӳȻûӾͳ˯ˡ
ͬʱɾܵÿϵתԼעȥӳȻϺ顣
붼ˣӳȻ˭˭ܲš
Ǳ赽ԼǰС
˿Σͬѧһ뿪ҲڵĿʼʰԼĶ
ʦ
ʱѾ¿εʦ˽ſڣԷ˵߰һȥʳóԷ
ɵ˵ͷԼĶȥʳá
ѧУʳõķ˻ǺܷḻģҪһ棬ʦһ̡
˸λ֮󣬾Ϳʼ
ʦϾҪˣʲô𣿡ʦ
µ׾ĩԣѧУҪżˣʦȻҲûпοϣʼȥ档
ʦһСѧŮÿٶҪӳȥΣƺҲ⡣
һҴȥתתһµĹԣƵ궼ǰˣ͵ѧУءʦŷɣʵٲȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷʵ̫߶رȵǼ£ڼﴵյ
ʦȥЦŸԼŮɷƬǰεƬ˵ںӻСܴȥ棬ȺӴ֮ѧҵˣȥѡ
˵㰮ʱ䲻ͦɵôпȫԳȥҪǴڼԼﻵġ
ӳȻ˳Ǽͷ档
ӳȻ
ԺҲܸӳȻˣֻ˵˻ûôι
˷ʦԷ˵˵ѧУȥʡѧϰĻᣬ֪ùĲ»˭ͷϡ
ÿУʱ֯ѧϰᣬǳ﷦ζÿ컹дһѵĵᣬҪǲֻһΣһο¡
ò׵ļڻҪ߰£ûмʦԸģÿѧϰĻᶼǿ˭ù˭ȥ
ɻһ˰칫ңæһЩĶ˵ûпΣһ뵽عԢҲûʲô飬ͼĥĥڰ칫ţֱ೹ûˣſؼҡ
ͣ˳֮󣬷ɱںӾ￴һĳ
ֻͣλñסˣɿƺţŴԼֻͬѡ
˹Ԣ˵ݣɿŽȥʱ򣬿żԼ֮ǰȫͬ΢΢סˡ
˽ң
һЩű飬ŮԻصҷּĶ󾯷ӹҳһ¹ˮˡ
ҲڹҲڴſţҲ̨èš
ֻÿҹԼҵſһЩȫıǡ
Щ亹һӾˣת뿪ʱ򣬾¥и˲¥
ţ˰
ӳȻ˯߰ģͷһһţϻŷɵ˯£һ˯ѵӡ
ɵˣؿӳȻͻȻԼʶʵô⣿
ӳȻ⻰Ķ죬ϴԢҷɵʱԼ˵ĵһ仰
ôһˣɼԼĵһ仰أ
ôܴ
ӳȻˡ
üͷ΢壬ŷ˵ұģϺˣ練ûпξ㡣
Ҳüͷ
ӳȻ˵սһʵʲôȥˣΪʲôڲŻؼң
̧ͷǰˣʲôϵ𣿡

ƼһС˵ررַwww.677txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ