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֮ԭıԱ㱩¶ˣOԸԲٰĥOá
O˰ٰĥѣػؾǣļ˺һԭԭĹǾǽڡ
Ҷȫľ飬׼Զ뽪OڹŴú׼ߵʱϵͳһĿռܣһͬǣĿռغȪ
ϵͳֻҪȥˢŮĺøжȣܻӦĽȷڼж
Oøж+110ӣ
Oøж+11㣻
Oøж+110š
ҶͨŬŽOڼлζ˳İѽOͻؾǣ׼뿪ʱ򣬽Oȴۿ
İOŮͬ˻̽׵ʱɢշתŵִݣȴûҵ壬ֺͼɢŲҶĻʱף˭֪֮Ǳ˸һǴ
ֻǣȻһգҶͻȻˣԼø⻤ţûһҶ仹ͻ˾ǡ
ҶҪʱOȴǰްĶҶ䣬ȥĶ
ע1.ǬԪ=alpha=omegaӹ=beta޹Ҽ
2.ϲ벻ظ֪
3.лһ·Сɰǣʹ䣡
ݱǩ ռ   ˬ ABO ڻ
ؼʣǣҶ䣬O  ǣ  
һ仰飺ӻ~
⣺ͨŬıˣ


1 
ҶǱѵģոͶѱɥʬȺΧſɱɥʬվСģǺܿ챻ɥʬϯҶҲʧȥʶ
Լ϶Ǳɥʬҧͷʣˣôоأ
Ҷ۾ѣĸоȥۿ˿Լסĵطӳһƾɵľ
Ҷֳ壬ͷԼϴǹŴƾȹɢùζ˲ٵĲ
ɥʬǴԽˣ
ҶæԼǰȹȥԼ˰ʱҶ˿
Ȼ֪Լô˹˵ģڵԼģǵ˰һʳʱ򣬱˻˵ģʱ˿ںҺüʱ룬˿أĩˡ
Ҷ££ϵ£ֻ²ůϻǺ䡣
ɴЬҶ俪ʼ
һϾɵķӣһǷһ˫ŵƾľмλ÷һķľľʣ֮⣬ûбĶˡ
ҶվӿԼһ۾ܿеĶоӡ
Ҷɴƿ˷ţһƿţӭХ
·ԺӣͼԺưܣոסǼӻסˣȫư©硣
ҶԺһȦҵһˮףֻˮһı˪Ժһʯͷʯͷ俪
ˮıŪһߣŽ˹ȥ
ȿԼʱҶ˿Լͦġ
ü䵭룬ͦɣЦʱּϲǺܺÿһ
Ҷ䰵˿ʱһƾ
Oýıڻֻ˱һޱ̲סڽOɪɪ
һСͨ죬ҲڷһСڽ㻳Сµ㣬ǲˣˣҺ¡
O˻СӣģڣҲġ
˵ô˵ģɽO˫ҲЩΣ¶˾һڴһ󣬽һѼ
ҶȥͺѺȾƣƻͻȻ˵Ҫ˻Ǯ
ҶãҶȶˣû붼Щ¡
뵽Ożֽ˽ҶҪִõĻԼҲֻúҶͬھˡ
O˫Ŀ죬˻ﻹڷСӡ
ôûĿӣЩʱļԽأǰգ׸Ѿ׼ˣѾһûԹˡ
OֻԼֶģսָǶķСӻڷСһĶʱʱ๾ĽʾѾһûгԹˡ
ʱԺеҶ䱻һ˼Ѿָ߰˰ˣһͷˮʱԺжһľ顣
ռõݵԭҲҶ䣬ǸŴĻ죬Ϊ󺵣Ѿü²ˣʳգѾвٵ˶ˣдӿϱߣ˿ܺС
Oúĸڻ̽׵·ϸպ˷˿ܣǱɢɢˣOֻýԼĨģշתŸݣɵ֮ŴѾΪľټǨˡ
ĽOüҪOҲʱʶҶ䣬Ҷֵ޺ûá
ûǬԪ»ΣΪɣڲƭOף֮Ҷװȥˡ
αȽOԲOƶˣ֮Ҷ¶˱ĿOʳԽOǶ
ЩӣO˲ٵˣԭǧСںҪñˮϴ·ÿζ˫ֶͨ죬еĵط˿ӣʱ͵͵ᣬȴҺ˵
ǸҶǵûжʩԮ֣䱾۸ˣӵ·ϣԭǰѽOūʹ
ڽOǼͣڼγ֮ڰԭüշתص˾ǡ
OؼҺĵһ¾ȥץԭǶ˲ְæգԭ˾ǽڡ
Ҷ俴ԭĴ¾飬û뽪OԶһ㣬òײػȻּģǺĩձֱãúûȥء
뵽ҶԼһǿռϵߣĿռܴʣЩʷŽȥʱʲôģóʱʲô
æʼӦԼĿռӦˣһռ䲻ͬǣҶԺĿռܴһ޼ʵĺأһܴȪ
Ϳռ佨ϵ֮˾ͺ˿ռһ
Ҷĺϣǰ峺׵ȪһʱЩ㲻ڵˡ
ʱԺﴫһеӭӻϵͳϵͳ09ʱ䣬ҽΪ񡣡
ҶԺͻȻһǲȣϾһĩûʲô²ܵġ
ɴʵ⵽ô£ҵĿռô
ϵͳ⵽Ҷƶȸߴ99%ҶѾԳþţĿռѾˣʵĺغȻȪ㽫ڿռĺϣֻҪվܳ죬Ȫ棬Уִַܳ󡣡
ϵͳĻеԺҶһ˼֪ϵͳĽָռǸö
ֻҪԶ뽪OãܿſռϵͳúȥˣĩҶ˵ûʲôǱȻȥҪġ
ϵͳƺǲҶ뷨æòҪ뿪ŮOǱλ֮Ů֮ڱ뽫λ֮Ůĺøжˢ100%ԭرУ⣬ŮĺøжȻɶһӺʡ
ҶɫЩŹ֣ʵǽOҵĺøжǶ٣
ԵȣѯŮĺøжĿǰΪ-150ϵͳĻеٴ
ҶһڣĶˣøжȣоѾûָˡ
ƺǲҶ뷨ϵͳְο⣬ŮĺøжȹֻͣиϽŬлڰŮĺøжˢ
ǿռغȪأҿ𣿡
ǵҲԷŵռֲҼվͻ졣ϵͳ͵
Ҷ԰ģعŸоһķ䣬վԺﶳء
Ҷϵͳһõ˲õϢҪǻȥ˳ˢһˢŮĺøжȣܲܵõʲôõʡ
ţԺѰǵýOҲסȰҵС
ҶһһƿˣOȴսеļĶ̲סۿ


2 
Ҷ䷿ӣ涼ûסˣƿķʱͿһƾľϵˡ
һȹŮ˻ﱧһСӣϹһžͲôʵıӣŮ㲣Ծڲס毺õò
ҶԼǱȽģǿԶĽOʱƬ̡
OˮüԶɽķ죬ĴԷۣĵüѩǴƾɵȹȴȻڲסĺɫ
ҶOʱ򣬽OԽĺڱżֻڷ
ҶǸ쵰ԼϴǿԼģ뵽żָˡ
ҶԽOǵͣĩѵʮ꣬˶ʳȤжŮûȤˡ
ֻǴƬ̣ջĿ⣬ķš
Oţǽŵսļ㣬Ҫʲô
ҶŽO̾˿ðѽOĺøжһ򵥵¡
ûʲôǡ˵ҲʵҶԺǱֻдž飬ЩСϸȫûеġ
ɨһӣͼ©磬һľûбĶˣǼͽıڡ
©ӣ¶Ⱥ¶ȿҲ˶ٰɡ
Oô˵ȴǳĿҶ䣬ôģ
Ҷ֪Լ˵ʲôԷҲţɴҲ˵ֻ򽪽Oҳȥһˣͻ
ҪûǴĻOͽӦѾһûԹˣּģܵöЩԵĲУĩϰߣֻҪʳˮǾͲš
ţҶ򿪷˳ȥֽ¹غãֱԺȥ
ĽOȴһſϵǰѼӣҶһΣһأ
ÿ춼ĵ뿪ֻ㣬Χھ˵ݳѾˣЩǿɱӣ󻹴˸Сӣȥ³Ҳֻҡ
OţСȴOŵҡҡôˣ
СڽOĻСͨĽ۾OæַڽĶͷϡ
ֻõĶͷ̵ˣOۿˣᷢȵģ
Щı˻СӣﱾûгʳˣڽַգOֻ춼Ҫˡ
ڳôңԼȥĶҴҽ˵ˣҵ˴ԼҲûӸ
OֻҧͦţñӽãסȥˮҸˮϾͲˣңһҪҡ
˵䣬Oȴֱᣬײײȥ˳һЩˮ
彫ľŵOһûгԶֶŴʯֶڷ
һΡΣһ߰˴֮ǿѴʯš
Ҷ߳Ժû߶Զ͵˽ϣݳǵĴϼʱʱȺľȥҶţЩӦҪѵġ
εĺֺأǶܵ˲ǱסĶǴԹ˼ȻǲܿĶǰնѡ
Ҷȥܲҵʳû߼·ɵˡ
˶ǬԪҶˣȾϲɫҶΧ˹
Ҷ䣬ǵôˣٲǸСŮӶҪӻˡһźӵĸߴ˵
԰Ҷ䣬ǺӣԥɾһǮˡһü۵ҲȰ
Ҷ߿ˣ΢һ¾˭ԭҲдһ㣬˶ԭĺѣԭ˲ٵľǮҲߥԭѽ˻Ǯġ
Ҷ乴˴ǣȱǮȻԭǸûӵĸ˸˲پǮԼǰ³
ôţҶ߿ˣҲˣˣ֮ǰһȥȾƵʱ򣬿ɶҸľǮܸóЩӰɣ
ǳźӵĴ߸Ȼû뵽Ҷ˵Ҷ䣬ļ֪ģ޸ĸĶӣ˵ˣǶѣ֮䣬̸ʲôӣ
԰Ҷ䣬㲻ˣϵ̸ʲôӣ˵Ǹ˺˵ʲôˣǲ㴵߷ˣü۵˳ҶаЦһ£һʵ
Ҷɫȥǻӣ
źӵĴ󺺼Ҷ䲻ģҲˣüҶ䣬Ҷ䣬̫ӦҲˣٸһˣɱ˷Żû˻ܣȷҪҪӣ
󺺺ͰӵվһȥЦ⣬ĶҶ䡣
˿ڵҶ䣬Сӿ⼸յľǮҲҲֵܲ棬¶ˣǸСӣһû˼óҲˬˬ
˵ţĴЦŸ߸׳ҲЦ
ҶƽĿˣͺڿС
Ҳ˵ˣݳһƬңҲ׷
ϻǴҶ֪飬ظһ飿
߸˵ʲôҶѾȥ֮ԾֱӰϡ
Ҷ˫ս˸߸˵Ĳ˱յɫϣͷ¡
ҶɵĶ˹ȥƵ󣬼˫˵Ĳ߸ƴȥҶ䣬ҶҶȴû֣ɫƽļսԼ˫ۡ
ĩʮ꣬棬ԵʴȾ͵ںԼҶÿֶɱУ顣
Ȼûй͵ܣĩľ黹ڵģһ˴ʮˣ˻ǲڻµġ
Ĳݰġ
Ǳɵˣ߸ˣȴҶסˡ
ƨܣһһ߿źңҪǮģҵ£ҵ¡
Ҷ˫ٴܵǰ˲ˣŽ˫۷ſ߸Ѿ
ҶѣѳһЩ˻һ150ǮһӣҶ佫յռַ˼£ȴûбĶ
׼ߵʱȴϵѥ΢ЩոʶҶѥܲʲô
£ͳһѴŵʵĶذ
ذЩϾɣҶ佫ذװγһۣذ׻׼Լãջ˿ռ
ЩûмŻȥǣ첽ոհ뿪ķȥ
˶ǺöȻݳǶˣĻҲǺ£ΪҶɲŹ


3 
ңѵֻ뿪û˸ȥ¡
Ҷǰ׷ȥոǸӵƺǱҶɵˣ˵ܳȥһ·ɶ̶̵·̣ȴŵýˤΣۿҶҪ׷ˡ
һֱӹ˵ϣҶͷ
Ҷ䣬ԩͷծҪģɱңɱҡ
˼Ҷ䲢û˵ֻۿŵöˣһߵһ߿֣һӣһӻ𣿡
Ҷ֣أ
ӶҼʹȥȡпߵ
ãھȥȰˣʲôƢãڲƭңԼӦ֪ġҶƵЦЦ
ȴǱŵëȻңңʹȥʹȥ
Ҷ֣æǰ·һ·ƣҶһƫƧӡ
ָǰһԺ䣬߶µ
ȽȥҶȻеûʲôֵǵ˼ҵĵ̣ò
жߣҶһӣвȥҶ۾ָָӾţȥá
Ҷûлж߶µŲ˹Ǳߣ˹ţһĨɫ
ٿĴӹγһѳ˽֡
ųҶ˹Ҷ䣬ƾҲɱңɱ˵ʱ㻹֪Ķأ
˵ţѾҶӵȥ
ҶԲһ۾ͿǸϺ˫һͲӡ
ҶֻһžͰѰ߷ڵأҲӰе䣬ҪȥȴҶһŲؿϡ
űȭͷҶ伸ûȭ֮˱㱻ˣлжӿѪ
ҶֱϢһ£ԱһֱӳŰеͷȥ德˼£Ƭ֮㲻ˡ
ҶǰѳʱԽңԽҪЩʹӰе¹һɾĴã
ʼ𰫸ڵʲôûУȻ˶ûˣ͸ɴͺˡ
Ҷɾʮ㣬ĩʱϲǶڻֻжڹʣŻаȫС
ҶǰѸոյǸ¹򿪣ò˵ǻ죬мĶɱԭˡ
Ҷ¹ҵһӣһԪҶ佫˵ߣأ֮⣬ﻹʮöͭǮ
ҶֱӽյԼĿռڹ﷭һȻûҵֵǮĶеĹһµıӡ
Ҷ佫ק˿˼£ȷĵȷȷǱӣŽյ˿ռּģЩ϶õϵġ
˹ҶŶȥڰеѵһٶʮǮҶ佫ŵոյǮǮջص˿ռ
ѣûҵõĶȥԺҶԺһһ鿴ǷĿͷȻѾܾûдɨˣ滹֩
Ҷûнȥңֱȥ˳Ŵ˼һ㶼жģҶ˳ֱӱ׸ȥˣҵǣ׸ﻹдס
Ҷӳһӣ׸Ĵͨͨװ뵽˿ռ
ڳѰһȦҵŴײˡɹɵҲн룬ҶҲֱӰЩȫյ˿ռ
»©ڳѰһȦҵ˰Σһƿƽ͵ĶһƿҾƣʯҶЩҲȫŵԼĿռ
ǲЩٲڶˡ
Ҷߵʱ˼·İգݳǵĴۿɼ
ӿ˽ŲԼסСԺӸȥصСԺ֮󣬾Ͱŵĳյ˿ռ
Ҷûأ˽O˿ͣ½ŲǱ˹ȥ
Ҷûԥ·ţֱƿš
򷿼棬ͼOˮ
OһֱŽ֣ƺ½˯ȥһ
OֻǺۿҶһۣջߣźͮͮС
Ҷչȥ˿ССͨ죬ӦǷˡ
OܵӣеĽ߬úָܽ׼ҪݽС
Σ¶һۿҶ䣬
Ҷ䣬ϺȣٲĻ³Ų˶ˣ㣬Ⱦòã㲻ҪֻҪҾȾҶ㣬ˡ
OĿҶ䣬΢˿ûŹŮĽ棬ֻҪܱסãʲô
ҶûػOҧסֱӹҶǰקҶȹ°ҡţʵûа취ˣ֪Ҷ䲻ǺˣԾץס˾һ㣬Ҷ䡣
Ҷ䱾ڿСӣողûŻػȴ뽪OֱӸԼˣæ˷ȱ𼱣ȿ
˵ţҶḽڽĶͷϣֱһƬ̣߿򽪽Oڵȵһ£Ϲ
Ҷ˵žҪȥȴOס°ڡ
OۿҶ䣬ˮĲӣȥĶҸո˵ĶģֻҪҾԺұˣԲҲãҲãҶԸ⡣
O˵Щʱ嶼ڷΪãò΢ȥҶ䣬ԼǸ֪ܵˡӣĶŹŮĽ档
Ȳ˵ЩϻҶק˽O֣첽š
صԼķ֮󣬴ӿռóǴ±ӣְƿҾ˳űǴ±ӳš
OסǼӣ϶ƶСһﱾڷգǰȱԼӲźá
ţҶ䱧űȥ˽Oסķ䣬Ҷ䱧űӹˣO԰ģҶôˡ
Ȱҷɣ̫ˣ
˵ţҶ˹ȥСһǴı˳ⴲӰСһá
Ҷ䱧Сһ˷䣬Oǽĸ
Ҷķ䣬Ҷ佫Сӷŵ˴ϣ¸Ǻñӣ򽪽OƿҾƣýմҾƣġģӣܽµģҳȥҴ򡣡
Oû뵽ҶڰӦԼո˵ЩЧˡ
OһķԼһǧȻ䵽˵ĵزɫԽ԰ףԼãϣȻá


4 
OҵֻҪһϣҲԸæһƿҾƵýմҾƣｪġġ
СյСͨ죬ΪûгԶʱʱĹС
OۣᣬúһʲôӣٱԲϡ
Oۿͨ죬ϵĶȴǲͣ£Լٲһ£þͻ뿪ûôСֻꡣ
ҶСųסӣûʲôˣǵļҲߣ뿪ѵġ
ҶﲻϤֻܹȥ¼·ˣλõز֪ҽô𣿡
Ҷʮöͭ壬ˡ
һ긾ŮҶȷʵм£ͭ壬㿪ڵĴҽûˣֻʣ±߻һСҽݣҼǴͽʰأӦҲҪˣȥɡ
ллҶ˵ȥʼãϾĩﾭʮ꣬һ·ܹȥҶҲ̫Ǳ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷҵ˴˵ǼСҽݣѧͽŮǬԪſʰ
ҶæС˹ȥλҼ÷ˣ֪ûдܸҹȥ
СҽʰҩĵŮüҶ䣬̾涼ҳʲôˣǽձҪˣʵǶԲס
кãҰеӶֻȾãģ鷳̫࣬ȥźȻһץҩҶ˵ţѸոյõȫ˳
ڹŴͨ˼ҲˣĻңŵǧǮ
ӵ˹ȥŮǬԪԥƬ̣ҶĺܼҸҲ࣬ŵ˵ͷðɣϽ·ɡ
˵ҩ䣬ͽܣϽʰǽһҪߵġ
ʦ
ҶæŮǬԪԼסĵطˣԼһյĹ˵ҶСԺ
˾ǱߡҶ˵ţæƿԼסǼ䷿ţŮ˽ȥ
ǺӣŮʵ
ţæȾáOۿͨ˵
áŮ˵ͷĶͷֵıһƬ̡
ְѽ˳ָüĸˡ
OɫҰףСĵʵôˣ
ã⺢Ⱦ˷纮ڷȣ廹飬ǺܾöûԱƵãǲúҽΣΣˡ
Ⱦã꣬ôСO᲻֪ĵ
Ů̾˿ڵҼȻӵ𣬱һᾡҽΣֻıˣ죬ҽձҪˣܲܳŹȥȫ⺢Լˡ
˵ţŮֿҶ䣬һȥҩɣ⺢ӵþҩ
áҶ˵ͷ߿˽OչϾͻ
šO˵ͷĿ뿪
һҶЩû뵽ʱܰģֻҶ䡣
OæýմҾƸòĺͽģOʱʱĿſڣĵҶ
ҶŮСҽߣŮһһߵûã£˶У㻹Ը⻨Щβѵá
ܲܿ
ĩʮ꣬ҶʵѾûʲôηˣϾֻǸĺӣȣоǽOλ֮ŮҶԼȽĻ»ᱻOǺϣ˵ֻﻹҡ
ţҶץҩÿʱιǺһΣоǲǺٶȥ¾ıסˡŮҶǸ˵ĺˣ˶˼䡣
ãҶˣллҶæл
ŮǶҶЩĿ࿴ҶϵȹƾɣԵݵģͦģһ˵˺üллˡ
˺ܿ쵽ҽݣŮдһŷӣʼŷץҩһץ帱ҩ
Ҷ帱ҩһҩԼΣˮһˮã⣬ٸƿҩƿη纮ҩ裬ƿֹѪҩۡ
ллҾȻȥˡҶ˵űҩˡ
ƿҩֱӷŵ˿ռҩСظϡ
һѾػ˲·ҵʱҶĶͷ϶ðˡ
ԽOȥҩ￴
áO˵ͷҶϵĺǿڵյлл㣬ûµĻҸոմӦ£һ֡
O˵ʱ˫߬һ䲻ϲҶ䣬ҶȷʵæĺˣسŵҶҪġ
ոսO˵ЩʱҶûעҲ֪O˵ʲôûнӻֻȥҩˡ
˵ţҩ˷ţ˳š
Ҷȥ˳֮㿪ʼûʯⶫǺϤģһĩһĶͺټˣҪĻҲõʯ
ҶĴ˻𣬴һľ¯
һڸɾչһҩĵ˽ȥﵹˮŽչһС
һŨصҩζڿɢ룬ҶԱߵĴϴһ£󽫿ռ˳
׵࣬Ҷʢһ׳ˮϴһףڹеˮֽ׷˽ȥϹǰҲûʲôԵģСӣСҲָܻЩֿ
ţҶְѴײ˳˼ҶȽҶϴһ£õҶ飬׼һŵ߲ࡣ
̨ϵ¯һ׵ƮˣҶ佫ײ˷˽ȥּһΣ˳ӽҩճ
ֹһҩాˣҶƲӣŲӵȥ˹չҩ֭һһ㵹һСһҩ
ҩŵһԣҶְչĸӸϣҩٰһΡ
Ĺƿ˱ǵӭһЩײ˵㡣
ҶʢһС룬׼һýOιЩụֻ̂ȶȥ
Ҷ꣬Сĵĳ˳ǰý߿˷š
ҩˣһЩ࣬ιЩ࣬Ŷӳҩ岻áҶ佫ŵϡ
O˿ںҩֿ˿ԱһС࣬򣬲ɵЩ裬Σǵá
ҶƽǴ֮ǰãȻôʹİŰҩ࣬OҶЩԣΪ˵õԼ𣿻ͼı
ΪʲôOҲ޷ܾҪЩãǰԼȥ


5 
OæСһﱧСжˣѣȳԵ㶫Ǿܳҩˡ
Сյεģжˣǿۣ㣬
ãϾιԶO÷£Լȥ룬ȴҶѾ˹
СӼҶ䣬Ű˽OĻҶ㣬ҺܹԵģңҪҡ
Сһ˵ţĵڽO
ҶŻţûҪ㣬㰾࣬԰ɡ
СһڽOӣ͵͵ŤͷȥҶɫҶĲ˿СҶ롣
Ҷǰ˵ݣʾ⽪Oӹȥ
Oֽӹ룬Ҷһۣ漴ƿߣлл
ãι԰ɡҶһ磬ҲˣߵߵĳϢ
Oʢһ࣬ڴᴵ˴͵ߣ԰ɡ
СһյκģʳӲûסֹ๾˺ü
СŵĴģһڱһࡣ
ԭƽƽ࣬ʱԽ˵ȴóԵĶ
OóԵĿģԼ԰׵ɫҲǻһЩֻԼҲֻܶǿš
һι˽࣬㲻ϳˡ
OʵôˣǶ𣿡
СܵĲ˲佪Oԡ
ոĶҲˣҶ㻵Լͽ㣬ԼͽԶ
OһůۿȴԽҲԹ԰඼ˣܺã
ǣǣӽˡС˲Լҽ㣬¡
ĲOţιһ׵Сһߡ
Сһȴٺȣ۽㣬ӡ
ҶСô˵Ҳˣﻹţȳԣȥá
𣿡СһﻹǺҶ䣬С˽O͵͵ȥҶɫ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷţھȥʢԹԵĽųԡ
˵ţ˷䣬˳ֹ˷š
O˿øոҶûзǷŵҶҪˡ
Oæ԰ɣøϿУҶƺǵա
Oû˵ȥҶֻǰǵʱ˵ǺҩˣҶллء
СӣԹԵͷ࣬Сһһߺȣһ͵͵Ĩᣬ۽㡣
OϵĶͣһСιˣҶֶط䡣
Ҷ佫ŵľϣϽתȥţ̫ˣҲֲý
Oˣ˹ȥӽO룬ϵҩ˹ȥιҩɡ
šO˵ͷæҶӹҩ롣
ɢŨصҩζֿɬŶ̲סüһСǿһ
OãЩۣױ㱻˳ţûܹЩ࣬ǳҩھǵʱҲϸʽǹĺŲС
ڣһҩ廻ģôţOɫԽ԰ס
ԼҶ仹еôҩնá
ϾҩȥҶӣӶЩŴ󻧲ʲôɶͨ˼ңӣ㹻һ֮ĸµĻҶΪ˵õҲѪ
֪ҩѺȣû취ֻкãǲܻؼȥҵ벻Oš
СӹԹԵĵ˵ͷ໹ǺͮͮģЩܵĲŽO룬ˣҲҡ
Ǿ͹ԹԺҩòã͵ΪңòãO
СӣԹԵ˵ͷҺҩ
O˵СӣôʢҩιСߡ
һűӿޣһ߹Թ԰ҩȥڼ伸ζ³Сһﶼסˣ۽㣬Ϊˡ
˵һĺˣҶҩζֱüСһһ׽һ׵ĺҩﲻпСӻͦǿġ
ҶСһոյ˹Լﻹûȵʢ˼ףڽOιһҩҶϽ˹ȥ
ѹһѹζܺܵ㡣Ҷ˵ţӹҩ룬ְ˹ȥ
O룬æιȻζڸסҩζûôˡ
ι˽࣬Сӵû˿ζ
Щµ͵͵ҶһۣոҶָʢ˼࣬Ҷ㲻Լ
СһﲻҶ࿴Ҷ䣬æְС˽㻳
OùԹԺҩ˿ñӰѽպҩú˯һ˾Ͳˡ
šСһԹԵͷԴεģ˯ˡ
ҶѾ׼˯ˣԼҲ˿ǰ
Ҷ˼ڣ˲Զӹ๾еӦǴӽOﴫġ
һڵԼ˯ɣȹˡ
OոռҶûж룬ҶҲǶǸģû뵽Ҷȴ˵Լȥࣿ
OȻҶ䣬ǶҲĶһûԹˣOһ䣬ҵģ
Ҷ˵ͷţ԰ɡ
OҶû¶ɫŵĽŻصϣСһͷϺú˯һ
ԼЩִٵߵߣҶû˵СҶĳϣ˹
O̧ȥҶ䣬ȷҶûʢڴڵĳ
ǰûоôúȹⶫҪǷŵǰῴһۣ˵ȴޱܾٶա
OĬĬҶõܶԺһ㡣
ԼҪͻؼҲС
ҶѾһ룬ȻֻеζǱĩպڵʳЩζҶˣĩպڿǺġ
ҶԵĺ㣬һ룬׼ȥʢһԣOҲˣҶʵҪ𣿹滹С
Oû뵽ҶƬ̣ܿ㽫˹ȥ
ѵýյҶûзƢȻһЩȻץᡣ
ҪO͵͵Ҷɫ
Ҷƽİ˹ȥOԷġ
Ҷȥ˳ѹʣµȫʢԼͽOһƽֵ롣
ЩҶѳ̨ϵĻãŶ»˷
ŵϣҶ˹ȥȰɣԱ˲չ
ллOлҶ˹˹ĵӻͦ˵ģԼƭ˵ġ
ôԼȷʵǵóԱԼҪǵˣþ͸ûչˡ


6 
Oţĺһʱ䰲
ҶڽOĶ棬Ҳں࣬еİͣȴ·Ҫôߡ
ݳôңֻ֮ǻңȻߴ󺵣õķߣԼȵðס취ѽOĺøжˢȻٰѽOͻؾǣȰѽOλ֮ŮˣԼҲﰲȵĹӡ
ôţҶ׼ý⼸죬ٺúݳתתĴ󲿷˶ˣĴһܼ©ʲôõĶҲãϾԭŵģĶ죬ϵĶ죡
ԼҪŽOӻģԼˢOĺøжȣҶֻһڣһ̾˺ü
ҶĽȴһߺ࣬һʱʱ͵͵Ҷ伸ۣҶ̾OЩŵս룬òǺڻӾ˰ɣ
ôţOɫֱòҰףСĿҶ䣬Ҷᵱ
Ҷ˼ʱİײѾȹˣ̧ȥOͼԷҲ͵͵Լ
OɫҰףۿȴǺͮͮģԼһٴеӣҶ뵽Լ-150ĺøжȣٴһڡ
ôңҶɴ˷İ
ûûʲôյ飬лл㡣O˫߬һ𿪿ڵ
лңˣһóȥһˣ㡣Ҷֱ󣬸ոӱõذ׳С
ҶװذǴӺģذƸ˽O
Oɫֱ䣬ŵĿҶ䣬ǣҵģ
Ҷ˵ͷţݳѾˣҲ֪ҵóȥѰʳֲֻģذŷԺöţȻҳȥ֮ѷŻԺŷϣһʱ溰㣬֮⣬㲻Ҫκ˿š
Oʶĵ˵ͷͬʱҶִЩ̽Ҷô𣿱Ͼ֮ǰҪûǮġ
漴O뵽ԼղѾΪҶãҶԼôģҲԼˣôţOֻñ
Ҷû˵ֱվҳһ£ߣѴŹغá
šOͷӦ£վΪոճԹ˶OЩ
˳˷ţҶһ·ȥߵ˴棬ſڵŰɣ֮ǰӦû
áOƾɵľŹغãö潫ŶºãЩŸæص˷á
һߣҶһ·ԼסСߵĴϣĴֻѵ˴Ҵ·ǵļڼŹš
ٽһȽϴԺ䣬֮ǰӦǳǮ˾סĵطѾȥ¥գŶš
Ҷ˽ȥʼѰʣܿϧûʲôõĶ
Ҷһ·Ժȥ⻧˼ҵԺߵĴæҶҵ˲ٶ
ڷҵ˼ӣӺ£һ˼ʵò˲µģһĴҶֱӰյ˿ռ⣬ڷһ﷢ʮһֽԼëʻмī
Щòϣпռ䣬ȷڿռ
ҶѰңڷ¹ҵ˲ٵЩﶼ£вٶ£Ҷѡ˼Ųģŵ˿ռ
ʱˣеĴͲˣοõĶǴȹ
֮ҶԺѰãܿϧЩõĶԵһ㶼ûҵ
ҲջҶһ󷿼ҵһֻľ裬ԼϵζʵǲôţҶŰľϣϻȥЩˮϴϴ裬ҲϢһ㡣
ЩҶ׼ȥطϾʳٵÿҪҲʳǾ͵úˡ
ǽһʱ䣬Ҷ䶼ڸѰʳһûҵľҵ12Ҷɴཫյ˿ռЩľҶͲԼˡ
صԺʱѾϦˡ
ҶԺţ溰Oңҿһš
ҶԺŵʱ򣬰ľ軹Ӵӿռ˳ӷŵľװװӣȻҲƾóôණ
ϾͽOҲûô죬ԼռܣҶ䲻κˡ
ڷõĽOսǰذףҶģ΢˿
ܿģOȻһЦǲҶʲôأһֻЩǬԪѡ
Oɫ԰׵Ĵ˷ţ˽æŹϣ˿ɫ̫ϾҪɽˣԼӦҶ䣬Ҫ廻ҶԼãԼҪֳŵˡ
뵽Ĵл䣬OҵĨ˰ﰲοԼԼƤңҶǾԲõģôţOԺһЩ
ԼֵõģԼҪõðȫȫͻؾǡ
ԺҶ仹ڽţOһɫӦһ䣬ˡ
˵ţæߵ˴ŴŵľʰῪְ˨ÿŴľš
Ҷ˵ŴľԺľ£תԺŹˣ֮Ҷֽ˨ãľӡ
Щſ򽪽OOۿͮͮģǸոտ޹һ
Ҷæʵôǣ𣿡
OҡҡͷûУûʱôˣҾЩ
Ҷ˵ͷţû¾ͺãһټһҩȡ
˵ţҶֿ˽OOҲö٣ҲǺЩûϴˣǱĲӡ
ҶŮϴˮ裬ŮмԼ
ָָľ裬̧򽪽OҴľһЩˮǺúðһ£˵Ҳ뿪ˣʱϴҲûǸˡ
OϵѪɫҶ仰ʱѸȥɫҰ׵ĿҶ䡣
ҶԼϴ裬Լ࣬зµʱܾ
ȻǬԪǻ쵰ҶǸ쵰
ΪãòҶͷO۾ҧ˵ͷȴڷ
Ҷü򽪽OOķӦôһ㶼һڷ
һ̣Ҷյϵͳ09ʾ
װOøж-10ĿǰOøж-160
Ҷһû˰ŲŵĿ򽪽OǣԼϴ裬Ҳ


7 
ҶھޣýOû취ֻҧ¡
OڷҶæ߰ɣȽ˵̫ˡ
Oǿͷ
ҶŴŽӣӷŵ˴ϣ򽪽O֮ǰǴɱ˰ɣ⼸ӡ
O˵ͷҶ䱻ǴĶŪģ죬ûʳڣҶ䲢ûô죬֮ǰҶǶOɲҶͻȻá
OͷˣҶ룬ֿڵȥŪЩԵģţܶӣɡ
Ҷ˵žͳ˷䣬˳ְѷŹϣֱȥ˳
ֻһףһŰײˡԼ֮⣬ûκʳˡ
Ҳûиõİ취ˣּģҶӶ챻ժˣҵԵĶô£OĺøжȲҶ䶼ޣԭָſOĺøжȺϵͳأڿϣã
Ҷ̾˿˰ףַ˰ײ鱸ã£ҲֻܳЩˣһʡųԡ
һʹζҶ佫ռһ˳ѻյģŨúһЩ
˽ʱǰˣǰҶ佫ײ˹ôӽһ£һΣ뿪ʼʢࡣ
ͽOģʣµһСǽģﻹʣһЩҶһȫܺȹ⣬̫ˣĵĹ죬Ҫܱ֤岻⡣
ЩҶһһСֻȥȵ˷ʱҶֱý߿ŵϡ
߿򽪽Oɣ˯
šO˵ͷ߿Ҷ䣬ͿҶıˣҪ˵ļĿƭȥ
ȷʵǵóԶˣOߵСӣСӵƸӦ¶OСһѣȰѶ˯
Сһëգգ۾ͷЩεģ˽㣬ǿŽOЦЦĽOһᡣ
ѲˣOæʵ
Сһ˵ͷеΣ㲻õģûµġ
ùԡOõС
ҶҲһ˷䣬֮󣬸æŹˣХǹţҲһ䡣
СһҶˣЩµ㻳
OãȴǿҶǱߣҶûзOֻҧڣСǸ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ˳ְ˹ȥιȰɣҩĻʱһٰһҩιԷɡ
Oֽ£Сһ˫ɵĴ۾Ͷ࿴ˣȻ˶ֶˣСӹ๾ĽиͣǸԼģСӱԼҽ㣬ĳҶ˵źûллҶ㡣
Ҷ彪ЦЦŻл
һ߿ŽOιСӺ࣬һߺԼ࣬ʵ˵ζһ㣬һˮûУǿ˳Աĩ˺ܶҶ˵Ѿ˼ζˡ
еˣĩ֮ܳԵʳԽԽѷҶ䶼ѾʲôζˣµĴּģ˵ˣ챻ڳˡ
ôţҶ̾˿
O߻ι࣬Сһƺһ㣬СŵĴģԼҽͶι
װŴִһζεζʹðײ˳Եﲻںܹѵ֮˺ܾöӵСһԵĺ㣬һһͼˡ
Ҷ俴ʵҪ𣿡
˽㻳ʵٳһģСԼԵ̫࣬ҶҶҪ˾Ͳˡ
ԹԵҡҡͷˣллҶ㣬á
Ҷü΢䣬Сһﵹ
ֿ򽪽OԼ˯ɣҲȹˣȻ忸ס
OﰵҶʣԼ֮ǰûٰ򡢰ʱҲûҶԼ
O϶ʳȥõĲûãܵ¡
OתٺãСһǺ˱ӣٹԹ˯һϰҩˣܺˡ
ԹԵĵͷţҹԹԵģ㣬ȥԶɡ
šOñ۾Ųߣһʱְ
Ҷ߿򽪽OȴڲѯOĺøжȣһĶˣOĺøжȻͣ-160ֵϣҶ̾˿
OһߺһעҶĶҶǶOɫҲ԰ʢȴûͣ¡
ǲسŵˣҲûиõİ취ˣԼӦҶ飬ԼһҪ쵽ˡ
ôţOÿеʳﶼûζòЩʳôȥôðȫȫͻؾǣ
OʢĶһЩܿͼˣҶ׼ٳһ룬˳ʵҪùﻹһЩ꣬ȻͲˡ
O˵ͷԼҲ˹ȥ
Ҷֻ룬ٴγ˷䣬סķ仹ҪůһЩҶ佫ֻźã󽫹඼ƽֻ
ֶֻԷеһֻŵ˽Oǰ
Ҷ֮ͿʼԹԵĳһˮ壬˳㻻һɾȹôţܿͼˡ
ҶԷ㿪ڵȥˮһϴһ£˳㻻ɾ·
Oŵеӣ̧Ҷ䣬ջҧ˵ͷ
ҶĻôأôңһһСӣֱЩĿ꣬˻ˣԼҲֻᱻ裬뵽O಻ɵĻۡ
䱻׵ǬԪ裬类Ҷһ裬뵽OеĴ׶챻ˡ
˱۾ȻˣԼһǧ𣬾ȻίҶåҶӵӣضҪԼģǬԪһǬԪ㣬ԼԶҲ벻جˡ
뵽Oڷ׼ҽϣִСʥ鳤Ķ뵽һԼȻҶ˹ϡ
ҶǱѾĹϴˣһˮľϴһ£ͽľᵽ˷ˡ
Ҷȥʱ򣬾ͼOڿޣҿӣOӦǿһˣۿǺġ
Ҷʵôǣղôˣ
O˫ĿͨҶ䣬ΣǱжһεҡҡͷ


8 
Ҷü΢΢𣬲O˵Ҳùʡ
Īˣˮպˣһԡϴһ£Ȼ˯Ҷ˵һ䣬תȥˮˡ
׼ľͰȫϴɾˣһľͰˮһľͰˮ
ҶһһľͰOǴķȥܿҶͰͰˮ˽ȥ
ˮͰ£˷֮Ҷװȥһ䣬ӿռó˽ҵ£ٴνOǷ䣬߿򽪽Oҽҵ£㽫Ŵԡɣһϴ˽Ҿͺá
˵꣬Ҷʹӷ˳ȥת֮ǰOסǸ©ķ䡣
ǬԪģҶýOϴʱԼǻرһ±ȽϺá
ѷ͵ƵԼߵš
OǱۿͨĶͰˮΣһߵľԱߡ
OȽˮ˴ľһЩˮԹˮ֮ſʼϵȹ
ֱۺͺϻǳǳ˺ۣ֮ǰҶģڻûȬ
OеȹЩҶͻȻʲô룬ҪҶ̣ʲôɵĵģ
ôţOҲȥţʼýһһĲϴЩӱ˵ϴˣԲĻôˮϴȷʵǺ
O˳㽫ͷϴһ飬þûдԼ˳ڷеĵطѾһֻһһĽ⿪
ȽOϴˣѾʱȥˡ
OûнҶ䣬ԼᶯľǱߣΪľ̫ˣOֻק
ҶǱ߱һֱڵȽOԼ֮˹ȥſţæ˷䣬ȻͼOԼקľ衣
Ҷæɡ
˵ţֽӹľ裬ǬԪʹ󣬸οҶ仹ĩģһˮѣ˵ʲô
Ҷ佫ľߵԺﰼ۵λãˮ˽ȥﱾˮġ
ˮ֮Ҷ佫ľᵽǼ©ķ䣬ֻصOǷľͰ
Oվ㿪ڵ˯ɣһҰҩ˶˹
OĿҶ۾ҶɫƽҲûɨɨȥģOԷһЩҶ΢΢ס
ҶֻľͰǱȥ߱ߵҹһ·š
˵ţҶľͰ˷䣬ȥˡ
̨Ļţ˹ˮȵģҶһͰˮʢһͰˮˮͰᵽ©ķ䡣
䣬ҶɴڷĿյϵһСѻȡůҲסãյŽˣҶҲӻġ
ȶȣ󽫴ŵѱϣˮһȥʼ浹ˮֱˮУҶͣ¶
־ɵ£Ҷ·ʱϵ·ﻹܶ
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һˮϴ飬ŸоԼϳ׸ɾˡ
Ҷ׼õȹãִ˽ոҵȹЩ˵ڻԿԼͷŪɡ
ڻ˽ʱͷǸһ룬滹ЩʪҶŴ򿪣ľȥˮԺİ۴ľյ˿ռֻֽľͰûص˳
ʱ䣬ʮ࣬ʱҩʱոպãҶҩ˳Сչﵹˮչ̨ϣˮƳһ롣
ҩˣһŨصҩζƮɢ˳
Ҷ䲻ɵüƲӵչ󽫹ҩһԵĵ˴һӡ
ҶЩͷҲȫˣOǷȥ
Oû˯ţһֱԼãȴΪϼġ
ͻȻ䣬⴫˽ŲOŵץס˱ӣͬʱһֹֻ˴߲ŵǰذףֻO쵽һ㴹ȥ
˿˯СһOۿʪԼɱҶʲôãùһҶ䣬պҲֻиҶһǬԪԼοյȷҶõģûɶ˺Ҷ䡣
OŵķѾ
ҶŽȥʱ򣬾ͼOŽޣҩŵϣʵôˣˣ
OĨһҡҡͷ߿Ϸŵҩ룬ﰲοԼԼҶ仹ܶǽһ㣬ҪǷŵƽҶôüҩֻ޲ֱ
ҶɵĶߵ˴ߣСһĶͷ¶Уûʱôȡ
ҩ˹ȥҩ˰ɣʱҲˣҩҲϢ
ҶӴ֮ûţҲĵȷȷˣ׼ȽҩȥϢ
⻰˽OĶһ˼ˣOҶҶҪзµģҶʱ䡣
ôţO˶˶
Ҷ俴һͷˮOɫҲ̫ˣվһ򣬽Oɫͱֱ䣬ЩĵʵôˣɫôһˣԼ۲ˡ
OҧҶһۣջڵû£һ
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OҶӹҩ룬Ľĸ첲ҩ˯
СһԺ۾ۣſԼҽ㡣
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ţԣѲˣOʵ
ˡСӹԹԵĻص
OԷһЩԣȻˣҩҲǵóԵģȳҩٺú˯һȫˡ
šСһҩζüǹԹˡ
OʢҩιСһߣСһССһŶڷſںҩ
һ׽һ׵ҩ֭ι˽ȥСһﱻҩСһţ۾Ҳʼµˡ
OۻˣҲû취ҪԾɸСһιҩ
ҶȥһˣٻʱһƾɵĲһ豭Ҷﵹһˮš
ȽOιҩҶæӵ˹ȥȼˮڡ
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Сһﱻ໵ˣˮֵֶֶİһˮȫȽžûôˡ
ˮСһһ˽㻳㣬ÿడ
ԣˣٺú˯һûˡOοСһ
ɵĳŽ˵ͷ漴ֿҶ䣬ĵлллҶҰҩ
ҶСЦЦлԹԼ˯ɡ
O߿Ҷ䣬Ҷϲ¶ɫʵ⻰Լ˯ʡĵҶҪ顣


9 
O򴽰꣬СһСһɺãԹ˯ȥһ£Ͼͻ㡣
áСһҩӿֱܿ۾
O˯ˣԼЬ˴Ҷ䡣
ҶҲڿŽOԷΪϴͷԵñϿʱÿ˲٣ҶڵЩ£Լ׼ȥڽ˯һOӴʲô
ûڣĽOȿˣۿ΢΢Щ죬ҧ˵ȥڰɣ̫㡣
ҶһͷˮOŮѾO10øжˣɲΥ潪O˼ˡ
С˳ŽO˼ɣȹȥٿO
һǰһĳ˷䣬˸ڣڵĻѻȼŲеСˣҶ˼ľ
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Ҷ仹ûסڵҪ˵
OҶûж֣΢Щɻ󣬿ɺܿɫǹҪѵ黹ԼһԼôҶ䡣
OҶ䣬ۿᣬβҧҪԼãϾ֮ǰӦ㣬ҲȷʵҾǸñ㣬ָΪЩ¡
Ҷһͷ󣬲ȷO϶ʲôˡ
ʲôҪôˣҪûµĻȥϢɣҲϢˡҶúȦӣɴֱӿڵ
OƬ̣˼žĿҶ䣬˵ģ
Ҷ˵ͷţɫˣռɡ
˵ţҶҲûȥܽOǾֱߵ˴ߣѽҵӣһ죬һǡ
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Ҷ˽⣬OҶпܻôôţԭͻۿе
Oһ߿һߵҶ䣬Щ˵Ҷ䣬ȻӦˣ㵽׻ôڴ˴з²ǷҪҲŰ𣿡
Ҷ̴أһͷͼOһ߿һԼæ͵ûҪ㣬Ҳúз£Ҹղ˵ģȥϢɡ
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ҶĸҵõԸҶͬھ
Ҷ俴򽪽OԷԼг˾ͲΣ-160ĺøжȣҶԼضԶԼǱˡ
ҶҲһˣܹ黹ǵ˵̾˿ĵĻȥ˯Ҳȥעһ׷յˣңȥҩ
OԾĶҶ䣬ҶǰʼԼ
Oû˵ת뿪Ҷķ䣬·ʱ嶼ŵЩζ
Oصסķ֮󣬸æľŹغãѷѵȫµſڣҶҹ봳ԼҲǰ֪
ԼӦҶ廻ҶʵԽܺҶڱĵطз£ǲOҶǰȥ
º˵ӣOϴԼǺ˱ӣĶͷȷϵ¶Oȥ
ֻҲ˯£һðҹգһҶ䴳
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֪Լľſ˶ãһֱ۵ı۾Oﻹذס
ҶǱҲù©磬ֻڻ˲ٵľ񣬶Ҳȹֱӹź˯ˡ
ڶһ磬ҶǱѵģѲ֪ʲôʱѾˣҶ˸£ҿĩվʺܺãȻǵöðˡ
Ҷһ£ȥˮһϴľӳˮʢһЩˮպõˮȥһЩ
Ҷϴǿô˿ڣ׼
ֻʣ˰ףֻ֮ܳײ˹ˣҲû취ҶԱ֮ȥҳԵġ
ϴһֱӷУ˰ˮϸӰһڹﻹаˮҶŽ췢գϿ϶һӦýOСһ塣
ôţҶͳ˳ţOסķȥ
Ҷ룬û˵ɣȻOһˣԼǿĺøжֻø͡
˼ţO𣿡
OĶѣеذ׵Ҷ˲ͱŵ˹
OŷѾˡ
ЬűȥﲻǰذףѵҶѾ޳ܵҪԼ
ߵſڣʵҪʲô
˽OҶæҸոˮ췢գӦó˲ٺһˮ͹ϴϴ緹ҸոϣӦûһܺá
OҶɫҲ÷ֱҶ˵ĵǼ٣ܲҶҲǰ취Ȼýտʳûˡ
ΣOӦһţȥõûС
ҶͽO˵һת˷ȥ˳ǱߣѴˮʢľˮ
Ҷ佫ľ˳ȥOǷǱȥľŵſţźʲôסˣֳ溰ȥҿһţҰˮ˹ˡ
áOӦһæȥѶŵӰῪ֮󣬾ͼҶվ⡣


10 
ҶҲû˵ֱӰľǰ˵ݣȰϴȥŹ
ȽO裬ҶתˣϡţÿŻ
Oľŵ˵ϣ󽫷ŹغãȥСһĶͷСһѾˣǸоԼСһںڵ۾ˡ
һۣͼԼҽԼ彪O¶Ц㡣
ţôˣϻѲˣOæʵ
Сһҡҡͷˣе
СһűСӣǺһ࣬ϾûʲôˮСһǳʱ򣬿϶ǻ
O⻰ھεĲȥãͬɢˣҲ֪ĸû˵á
ɫæֿڵʵҲ̫ģĽ㣬㿴СӣԲġ
СһӴҪοһԼСɿȥǱģһûԱӡ
O۵СߣҶڳӦûķݣҹҩһҰϴһ¡
𣿡ǰˮϴҶ㶼ǲͬģһ̫ˮһ˷ľ֮Ҷǲôġ
O˵ͷĲɵĻصš
Ҷ˵ŹɽOﻹһѽһ֪ǰѽʲôʱԼOõġ
ô˵ˣֻҶͬˮˣĵĵԼҽϴ衣
ôľϴԵЩССһѵĹ֮ڴľ衣
ľˮȺģСӿĵֳ
ڼҶŰͰˮߣţſڵ˰ͰˮˮˣٶһЩˮȥ
СӱҶһľﲻҳ
ǽOȥţӹˮͰæȽȥˡ
šҶ˵ͷֻص˳
ҶСһŸ˵ˣ㣬Ҷûɣ
ûУˮЩˮOʵ
Сһæ˵ͷþûϴôˮˡ
ˮһOŰСһ˳Сһﻻ·СһڱԷֶˡ
OһСһľ裬Ѵľˮһһ˵ĵԺˮǱߡ
ҶߵҲĲˣȶȥַص˳˵롣
ĽOȴûȥϵ룬Сһ۾ϵ࣬ﹾ๾Ľиͣȴʲôû˵ֻԹԵڱ鷳
ܿģҶͻˣﻹһ࣬ϵû˶ſڵôûԶȳԶɡ
ҶͬǳԶˣOŰСߵȥι
ܹԣСŵĴģһҲýģһڽһڵĳ࣬ûһһͼˡ
ҶҲں࣬СӳˣʵﻹУҪ𣿡
Ҷں˵С죬еδСһﻹǺܺҶ䣬û˵
ҶСһԵӣСһЦЦҾٸʢһ롣
˵ţҶ˹ȥӽOС˹ȥˡ
Ҷˣ͵͵㣬Ŀڵ㣬ҶôͻȻˣ
Oҡҡͷ֪«ʲôҩǧǵãҶɲʲôˡ
ţġСӹɵӦ
ܿģҶֶһݸ˽OOӹлżιࡣ
ҶԼˣʢһȣһǵٳȥңܾ͵úˡ
OѾι˽࣬ԼҲߣĺࡣ
ҶԵĺܿ죬䣬һڵ࣬ˣ
ûһҶͺ࣬߿򽪽Oﻹһ࣬ٺһģһóȥЩԵģٹһգȫˣҲøһˣֻ
OʵߵģϾǼھǣҲ֪Ҷ˵еֻأʱֻҶ˵£Ȱпܻؼҡ
ôţOֿҶ䣬Ҷ䣬õںҶһ𣬽OֻϣҶڵõԼܹԼúһ㣬ٲҪڰ·Լá
浽ԼһһСӣֻеķݡ
СЩ滹ҵõʳ𣿡OǶһ䣬ҶˣõĴֻѡ
Ҷҡҡͷѣձ˺ܶطҲˣޱµҵ˲٣ʳңҾɣҲ̫ģͷȻֱ
Ҷ䲻һĩʮˣڹŴ
˵ˣȺ࣬һˣ㻹ѴŹغáҶ˵
šOæȹ⣬ֿ࣬Ҷ䣬ʱ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷţûҵʱ򶼻һˣ߰ɡ
áOæҶ䡣
ҶԺ˳ȥOǧǵòҪ˿š
ҶˡO˵ͷҶ֮˴ţľ˨ãڴӡ
ЩOŻص˷
СһﻹڱˣæʵҶ𣿡
O˵ͷţȥҳԵˡ
ԼԵԲСӣͻȻ;ҶҲûôˣ㲻ϲҶ㣬϶Լҽġ
Oʵﻹࡣ
ˣ԰ɡСһԼĶӡ
OҲһ£ĳԱˣԼȥʢࡣ
ҶѾߵ˴ϣݳǱ컹Ҫֻǵļڸ·
Ҷı˲ԣһ˼ƾɵԺ䣬ʲôûҵ
û취ȥٽֵһҸۡǸۡһǮ˾סĵطϹһѾ޴ͭ
Ҷ۲һ£ܴͭ˿ӦһѶȣֱԺǽΧѰң뿴ܲҵһǽܿϧ⴦ԺǽܸߣĿӦҡ
Ҷû취ֻ߿ٽֵһҵ̣קһӣӣһǿܹԺǽ档
Ҷʺã˫֧壬һ˳Ŀ絽Ժǽϣֻ˫һţֱԺǽϡ
Ҷת壬ķԺ
Ȼϣ⴦ԺӺܴķҲܶ࣬һһ
ĺܶණûдߣóµĶЩʵĶ˵ƿһġ
ҶЩûõĶǲôȤһһ䷿ѹȥһװλķҵ±ӣԼһºЬӡ
Ҷ俴һۣ·ܸɾЬһµģûϸңֱӰ·ŵ˿ռ


11 
֮һ䷿ҵôɹװŵĲҶⷿǲңĺܶڣҶһ״¯ĲͲ豭һӻĵ·õҲ˵ʣµĶû
ӲҳҶһ˺ü䣬ʣ¶ȹޱЩɥ߳˷䣬ʼڴԺҳ
⴦Ժ仹ųͻ԰ܴҶΪĩյľӳȣȻûҵҪĳʳһһȥҵ˳
⸮ۡĳܴ󣬹̨ţҶѰһ£ҵ˼õĶİ£µѵҲܷҶ룬Ѱ͵յ˿ռ
ֿ˿Ĺ룬ҶһڴµɰЩӻ·϶õĵ
֮⣬ѳеĵζƷȫյ˿ռЩζƷ㹻úüˡ
ֻϧǳûʳʳӦöˡ
Ҷӳȥ԰ۿžҪˣܵûȥԵ㶫źüʡ
ڻ԰Ҷҵһӣֻ޼ݵĹߣַһҶִ淭ҳ˼ӣһȫǻ֣˵ûô
ɴӣȥ˺ԺĳԺĳܴһˮѾֻһյˮûбϣʱʱǵһСιӶָô磬˲ûб˳Ե
⻧˼ӦǲɢһֵʹӣʰҪĶˣЩûѡ
ҶɲЩ磬ĿռȪŽȥ֮ӦֻҪܳ˵֮ϲˡ
ɫѾˣҶҹζ࣬ѳ綼㵽ԼռȪȥ
˾ҶڳСȻ⸮ôӦר˹㣬̹Ӧеġ
ҶһȦȻһҵһųľԲ
ϵ߻ܼӦָϸ㣬ֻûЩ²ôϹ
ţҶӿռһЩˮϡ
һ̣ˮСǾͿʼֵӿ˹ЩӦҲһʱûԹˡ
Ҷᣬֱһȥһ˶ʮС磬ֻϧвѾ磬ҶֻܰӵһҲֻץ6ʻ硣
Ҷ佫յռȪֽ֮Σһֱεʱˮ»ѾûСˣȻˣҶҲΪ˷˰ûǺֵõġ
Ҷֱϵͳһ˶С㣬𣿡
ǵһȡ17С㣬Ҷǿʳõ㣬ЩԳŷ~
Ҷ˸£ϵͳýȣĺ̶ܴ!
ǾУУ˵ȣƤ񡣡Ҷ²۵
ŷ֪ϵͳǷ˵
ҶѾˣŵ˿ռ׼뿪ˣӦҲҲʲôʳõĶˣϾԼֻ綼ˡ
ôţԺȥ
һߣOѾˣҶһֱûлЩġ
OȻĵҶİΣֻǺҶˣÿҲ
ѾڵˣԽڴԽ䡣
ʱʱſڿȥʵ㣬Ҷôû
OҡҡͷǱʲô鵢˰ɡ
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OæС§˻£أһܰͻؼҡ
СӹԹԵԼҽ㻳˲䣬̫ˣʵֶˣСһﲻҺͽ˵½ѹ
ʱԺ洫춯
OæſСӣԹԴţȥš
šСӹɵӦš
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ܳűöסˣˡ
ʱˣӦöӻˣôˣǻȥ𣿡
ȻȥӶһˣ˾˵ʳڶˣֱӽȥˡ
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ľٴαײOЩµˣ汻ǴˣԼÿ¾Σˡ
O˷Сӱһǽǣԣһ۷ʲôǧԹվͺá
OһԵľӰ˹Сǰְ˷İʵǰ
ЩŽŵսذףվűĶ
ײľŵѾֹͣˣOȴӽˣذ׿źܷɽOԼǬԪ̫󣬻ǼĳһͷĺϣҶҶڵĻٻܶһ֡
ʱԺִ죬˴ԺŴˡ
ܳˣԺǽߣˣϽɡ
ϴ硣һƺҲ߽Ժ
һԺֱӾͳ˳Ҷĳɾһȥ
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ϻ⻹ңǵùˣһ
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ϻӷô󾢲ģȻҪˣߡ
Ǹ߸Ҳû׼ͳˣﶼľ
ӳ֮˱㿪ʼһһš
O˱۾ʱָսذףԱ߷ű߿OҲǱһĶŷţʱ׼ƴ


12 
ܿģ˾ֵĳŽOǷˡ
ˣ⻧˼Ķ죬ǽˡ
磬ǲǻһûһкöأ
УȻӷǵһѻԺˡֵ˵ţžһš
ľŵ˨ͺϾɣʹˣôһߣ˨ֱӶˣҺǺĵӣȻ˿϶ʹˡ
˶һۣ󺺳溰ˣʶùԹԳҲǻˣֻҪǰӺͳԵĶֵܲҪǵ
ǣٲţǿǿˡҲš
Oҧû˵˫߬ذףļŴţͬʱľš
ûԣ߸ֱӵ˵߿
á
˵ţһţľűͲʵټϽOһ˵С㵲ӣľŻǱ߿ˡ
Сŵǽһţܸҡ
Oľײһģˤ˵ϡ
Ҳ˽O¶аЦ磬û뵽ȻҵôòǽտǼ˴ˣûгʳҲˡ
߸ҲˣĿĶŽOСӣԼһڼҰ£ذ׷£㡣
Ǳ𶯣ٸҹһҲOŵվ˫ذ׻˼¡
߸ֱЦӻͦҵģҲûʲôãЩ󣬻ǻᱻǬԪѹҾʲôƾҲѹ㴭
˵ų尫ЦЦOкܿһ̲ݵζζִ̱Ǻ˼˫һֱӹ˵ϡ
Oۿͨ죬ֻ޲ֱӾˣҲ裬ЩǬԪѹ
O˫ֶڷǹ̲ݵζѹҪòסˡ
ӺСӼ㱻۸ˣ͵͵ĵᣬȻСҲ֪ԼȥĻ㻹ñʱֻøҡ
ԼһţԼĴڸУҲûע⵽
Сӣңվվˣذأյס𣿡ù½OذףһãOذѵһ
Ϊ˹㣬ģ˫Ҳʹ
ۿҧΣӲûٰذ׼
߸Ĵ󺺵ЦСӣǱ׷ˣһ֪еȤˣҺֵܻúôġ
ȥǹȥO˫ֳŵ棬ۿžҪŲȥˡ
ǰǸӣOŲסˣ־ҪȥO
Ҫ۸㣬Ӻ˳СŲζֱų嵽˽OǱߣס˰˵ֱۣСҧȥ
˱ҧֱӽ˳ܳˣģĶСӣӷǴ㲻ɡ
˷˺ݵ˦ֱ֣ӰС˦˳ȥСһڵϹȦҲۣĨ˰ᣬҪȥ㡣
OǶˣò꣬˦ȥҲ֪˵ûС
O˻ԴǿڵңܣܣȥҶ䣬ȥҶ䡣
ʱԼȻİΣҶϣOֻԼЦֻҶ죬Լǲˣ˭ܾأ
ǽԼ裬Oǲٻȥˡ
ҪҪ㡣Сһ߿ޣһС˹վڽOǰ
Ǹ߸˵ȥСӣҪٲӾɱ㣬ٰ㣬СӦûɣ۵ʱֵܽҲԵĶɴ㿾˳ˡ
ǶǻˣҪ㣡Сӱ˵Ļŵòᣬ뱻ˣ뿴Ž㱻۸
ܳˣ϶ʲôְɣ
ڰҪȥץСӵʱ⴫˽Ų
ҶΪץʮ磬˻ʱͦĵģߵǴŵʱҶȴһԼߵʱԺӵľſǹϵģôңOԲԺųš
ôţҶæ˽ȥһܣѾһѳ
ܽԺӣ˷ʱ򣬾ŵ˷̱ǵ̲ζOڵϣ˫ֳŵأڼʲôʹһ
ҶʶζʲôͷųԼ㽫OͬʱƵζϯ˹ȥ
Ҷ侭ʮĩζһȴ̼㽫Ũص̲˹ȥ
OȻҲܵһζζƣɬζȴ㣬֮ȸոŻ̲Ŷˡ
Oܸܵûж⣬ֻǰ̲ݵζҲýO˴Ϣء
СӼҶˣȻһȻҶ㲻ϲԼͽ㣬ҲҪǿһЩ
ôţСץŽOֱۻ˻Σ㣬Ҷˡ
Ż̲ζȥOҲ̧ԶͼҶһѳվڲԶ
OС˻ϢŻָ
ҶĶˣʲôˣĻ͹
߸˼ԼζҶĸ˹ȥĿҶ䣬ŮǬԪǣֻһˣֵܶԸ㣿
ǿԣҪǣôңҲ׷ҶֱĿڵ
߸ЦһҲвǣ϶һϣѵһȥСӺú档
Ҷɫȴ˿š


13 
߸˸ʹ˸ɫľͳȥ
Ҷֻӵ֮俳ľһ˰У˱߷ڵأ춼û
߸˼Ҷƺӣ˲;ָҶ䣬̽̽Ҷ䡣
ҶķӦɲһܱȵģĩԼĶһ֣ԼͱɥʬˣĶĩʮꡣ
ͽֻǸ߸̽һ£ҶĵѾ˳ȥԭһľֱӱҶȥһ롣
߸ŵһԾɾûߵʤһЩ϶ŮŮǬԪҲһŵҲİô
ʱҶҲˣǶŽOģO۾á
Oſڣջʲôû˵廹Щ飬̲ζѹȣOڻûǿֵܰڽ۾ϡ
СҲΪʲôԹԵڽ㻳ҡ
߸мҶô˵Ѳ㻹ɱǣӽվ㿳ҲҶӡ
ҶҲ˵ŵǰֱõ˹ȥ߸ʶľ񵲣һҶȫ
ľҶϵҶĳѾ˸߸򣬴ƬѪ˵ӿ˳
߸۵ֱˤ˵ϣһżϵ˿ڽк㣬ȻĸҶ֣
ɫҰףͷϻð亹ոһҶû֣˳˿ֳûһϾͻһ̲Ѫˮ߸ҲԽԽ
վһ߶ɵˣҶתͷŵ֮ҴˣˣҲôģңҡ
ŵ亹ˣҶֻĿ䡣
Ƭ̡
ҶѾЩͷˣȥƢã˵Ļϲ˵ڶ顣
ãáŵվվǴӵǿ˫ȶڷֽŲõ
Ҷĩܶ࣬һ㶼ֱӽЩȥ˺ˣҲϲԼ
˷䣬Ҷ첽ȥֻԺﴫһҽҲû˶
ҶĳմѪԼҲһЩҶ䲢ûȥܵϵѪǾֱ߽˷
OҶһѴѪĵܣСӱԼСӿʲôͬʱOҲĿҶ䡣
Ҷ߿ϵˣ˼ͷѪڵϻ㼯һ̲Ѿ۾Ȼιȥˡ
Ҷ˹ȥ˼£ûӦҶֱקĸ첲ϡ
ֻק£˾ˣ﷢ҽУۣ۰
ҶûйֱӰ˳ȥ
ǽʱߣŪԼԺӡ
ҶֱקŸ߸˵ֱۣԺק汾䣬ټҶ䲻ܲ˵ק˵˿ӿ˸Ѫֱӱ˹ȥ
Ҷɲôֱ࣬Ӱӵ˸û˾סԺҶַ˻ȥѾİҲקӵ˸ڡ
ûжŸ߸˲˵ѪӦǻˣټôͣ˱ɡ
վ￴˼ۣҶ仹ǶСҲ⣬˴֮Ҷֻʣ310ǮǵϷǮԷġ
ôţҶȶ׵ѰһҵһǮӡ
ֻǮۣҶŶĽ򿪣238Ǯ⻹ӣҶ˵ߣ⼸ӦЩյ˿ռȥһ˵
Ǹ߸Ѿ˹ȥϵǮһͲԼģǮӵĲϺܺãһġ
ҶæǮӴ򿪣ͼӣһ֣֮⣬ǮͭǮҲܶ࣬Ҷһ£624öͭǮ
֮ǰĻиոҵģҶһʮӣ1172öͭǮ
ҶԴ˻⣬ûٹˣǻصԼԺһľ裬ʢһЩԺѪϣʢһ˵˷
Ҷ佫˷̲ѪϣȥO
ߵOߣʵ𣿡
OҶϵѪ岻ɵö˶Ҷƺûж⣬Oǵ˵ͷ
ζѾܵˣҶŽOվ
OȴʶƿҶ֡
Ҷ俴˿Լƿ֣ƽ̧ʵҺģɱ˲գۣ
OҡҡͷЩԼոյľٶô˵ҶҲȻҶոյȷʵˣҶû˺Լá
ҲǸ˼
òǣڵӦҲˣû˽ˣҲֻȥˣǷŹǣ˵׼ǻҾȱʱľ
˵꣬ҶٴȥOOεûٷ˳Ҷվ
Ҷ䱧СӣСһСһﺦûҽкԹԵҶ仳
ҶĶȴǱOһ㱧ʲô
Ҷ俴һۣȥڴţҰѵϴһ£ٻ
˵ţҶ䱧СһȥOæϣҶȥ˸ڣ˿
Ҷƿ֮󣬰Сӷŵ˵ϣţԹԺһȥڡ
ãġСĻصȻǺܺҶ䣬Ҷով˽㣬СӺܸмҶ䡣
̫Сˣֻҧˣ˳ȥƨɻʹʹء
š̰׵СӿɰҶЦЦȥOҶ彪Oͷǵһ
˵ţͳ˷䡣
OѾܶˣסСӣŵʵոˤ۲ۣɵɵܣ㻹ϳ塣
ƨеۣҪ㣡Сһ˵ֻ˵ߴߴģûʲô˵
OСһĿӰ˿һ£ȷСû²ų׷ġ
С˽㻳Сţ㣬ҾҶˡ
ҶԼͽ㷹ԣԼҩ컹Լͽ㣬ȻǺҶ䣬ܾҶ㲻һˡ
OסСһҲ֮ǰҪˣ
¡СһſԼҽ㻳˵ˡ
ʵڲ֪ôҶ㻶ģܲСһЩٵ̾˿
OǱ˻СӣСһ¶Բ֪ҶոնʲôǽO֪
Ҷոն˵ĻԣɽO£һҶһ鲻ˣǲҲԼö֣
뵽O˸
ҶѪɾֶһľˮ÷ĲӰѷѪɾȥԺ½ϵѪȥЩҶѾһĺ
ȾѪȹѵϵѪøɾŰѳջص˿ռ
ЩҶִӿռһȹϡ
ֱȥ˽Oڴŵķ䣬ƿ֮󣬿ڵҶʰˣȥɣ˰ɣȥŪЩԡ
Ҷ䣬ȵȡ


14 
OҶعͷ򽪽Oôˣ
ллУ˴ˣȥ󷹰ɡOҶл
ˣɡҶ˵ž߳˷š
O򴽣ԼʲôûҶԼûã
Ҷ䵹ǲ֪ʲôֱȥ˳֮ǰҵĴѾȫԹˣҲֻʣ룬ײֻʣһţûʳֻܰôţҶ׼ˡ
ôʯ̨ĻţһЩľȥҶ佫УֵһЩˮ׼һ࣬ȻٰˣȰһٳԱ˵
ôţҶϼӣϴɾǸǺá
һˣҶ佫˳ŵһｵ£ְѹϡʢ롣
Щˮķˣ緹ˡ
ҶվȰ˹ȥOæҶ䣬Ұһˡ
ҶҲûţš
һͬص˳ҶʢĴݸ˽Oͺá
Լǰһ
Ҷ˷䣬ͼС۰Ͱ͵ĿŷСһӦǶˣϾѾ磬ҪԵģֻԹԵĿͽO
ҶСһЦЦԷɡ
ãллҶ㡣СһԼķ۾ˡ
OԼϣιС࣬Ű߿˴ֻ5Ҷָ
ҶҲ˼࣬ɶûţOûҶΪСûֳԷ㿪ڵʳˣǿܲϰߣҲû취ˣƤ˽ͳ԰ɡ
áOæ˵ͷٵİƤȻСӵιȥ
Сҧһڣģ¶ȸոպãһȥС۾ˣóԡ
СӺһҶʱСһЩµӡ
O˿ǰʣµʵֻͺãЩԡ
ҶüôУô䣬Զʱ㲻õģһ˷ٳȥңҵԵġ
Oֽ˽ղžҶ䲻Щ˲ŴģOҲ֪Ҷȥ£Ҷ䲻ȥĻҪˡ
ţ̫ˣǰһҪOҶ
Ҷ˵ͷţҾ
˵꣬ҶԹԵĳˡ
СҲһһҲȫȹˡ
OСӳԱˣͰСһŵ˵£ԼԹһȳԷˡ
ŷҹԹԵġСһ˶ӣֱƨɻЩۡ
OԼһ
ҶǱѾһҲȹˡ
߿򽪽OͼOĳμãＹͦıֱԵǺܼªķҲ˹˹ĵģǿžĿ
ҶҲǵѣѸϡ
Ͼĩʮļ£ܻžͲˣ̸ʲô飬ֱǿЦ
OȻҲע⵽ҶڿľǬԪĿ⣬յ£Oĺ촽һ
ԼӦҶģҶæãͺҶԲҶûҲһҶȷʵԼãԼҲĵȷȷΪ
ԼȫģҲֻˣҲգܹѾǷҶ飬ҪĻȥɡ
ţO߿Ҷ䣬Щ齪O˵ڣֻҪϴ𣿡
Ҷһ£漴ҡҡͷô䣬Ҳϴ裬˵ˣˮ鷳ڴˣûҪô
ϴҲÿնϴɣҶʵʵ˵
O˵ͷȻЩýܲԡԲҶ˵Ҳеô䣬Ͳˡ
ţЩOֻһʣһСӶûóԡ
ҶҲʣµǸôˣ
ʡһˡ
ȳԱ˵ģϲǶš˵ţҶǸݸ˽O԰ɡ
OʵҲûԱ֮ǰþͼһٱһ٣ֻһһ࣬ܳԱҶִԼԣOɴӹĳ
СһԼ棬һ͵͵Ҷ˵ո͵͵ˣҶûǰôˣԷ˵ʱҲûԼ㡣
Ҷ䵹ûעСӣȽOѷˣŵ߰ɣȥԺŹغãϹأҲ㣬Ҫκ˿š
ţ֪OӦ
һǰһ˷䣬һֱҶѾԺӣOŽסҶ䣬СЩ
Ҷת˵ͷţŹغãȥɡ
˵꣬ҶˣѾʱҲ࣬ڵĿ죬ֻһʱ͵ûˡ
Ҷ䲻ҵæȥ


15 
ȽϴԺҶ䶼ѹˣûѵʲôɴıԣڸЩСԺҲ࣬ҵʮľ֮⣬ҶûҵʲôõĶ
OǱߣǺСһҶ
Сһڽ㻳Сţ㣬Ҷôѽ
OŰȥɫҲЩżǶҶ䣬ֻҶˣõĴֻѡ
ҽյ£ҶȷʵҲԼãʲôԭȵģOﻹемҶģҲࡣ
һߣظϵҶͻȻյϵͳʾ
ϲ׻Ůøж10ǰŮøжȡ150
ҶЩɻͣ˽ŲӦΪԼվ˽OǣԲŻ10ĺøжȡ
ܳʲôԭֻҪ˾ͺãϵͳҶһƷ֮ʮøжȻԶ۳𣿡
ŷ׵10øжȻԶۼƣһҲ۳ϵͳý˵
Ҷ˿͵˵Ǻøжȵͬʱ˶һĻᡣ
æϵͳҸôһ
׿ԸݵǰҳƷһҳÿ0ˢ¡
ϵͳ˵֮󣬻϶һмסȵȵƷҶֱҪۡ
·ϲ÷ģҶӿ˻ȥĽŲ׼ȵԼŸٽжһ
10֣ҶҲ˵ǽٳˡ
Ҷصסĵطʱ漸Ҫ͸ˡ
վڴ⺰Oһˣҿš
˵ţľš
ڷĽOЩأҶ˿
ԹԴţȥţϾͻ
ãСӺǹɵ˵
OŴ򿪷ţ첽ߵԺӴȽľʰߣŽľŴ򿪡
ˣûʲô°ɣOʵ
ҶҡҡͷûȥϢɣȥ
ȥɣҽնûʲô顣O׳԰ҶĶ
ЩʳҶ䶼ûһû취ýO³ɴãȥϢһͺá
ȥˮˮʣĲˡO˵
ˣɫ̫ˣ˵ˣǻҪˣҪ̫ˮþͺãȥɡ
Oֻõ˵ͷеɻҶΪʲô֮ǰЩ鶼ģҶ֣Ҳ˵ʲô
ҶѾ˳ѳ͵ƵȼͿʼ塣
ϵһЩʳҶ䶼ʮûгԵˣϾĩպڵѷЩʵࡢ߲̫ˡ
аբзװǽţȵȣ޹ͷ棬ֻբзЩҪĻ̫࣬ҶòЩҪԽϵ͵ƷҲҶҪġ
˵дףЩҪʳ
Ҷһ߿ϵʳһѡɴʮȫˡ
ʹ1øжȣһ10š
ʹ1øжȣһ2һ
ʹ3øжȣһһֻ
ʹ2øжȣһ6ס
ʹ3øжȣһ
׵ȫһϣǰ׵ŮøжΪ-150ٽŷ~ϵͳ̶Ľٴ
ҶһҪĶεûϵͳ̶
ȴһ٣ʱԲˣҶֱӰӵ˿ռڿռĺɢҶҲԣռбʹܣŽȥҲỵԡ
ռС磬ҶͰնһԵٳһײ˿ʳĻాóһ㡣
˵ɾ͸ɣҶһɰѴϴһ£ŵɰ
ſռĶȻóãǲǴȪˮҲȡأ
˵ŷȪˮȷ֧ȡȪˮккܶܺõ΢Ԫأûǿʡϵͳƺ֪Ҷʲôѵ
ǵͦġҶһ䣬ϾȪˮԺӻĵ·ҲҲˮˡ
ҶһֻɰϷƾճһˮˮڰҶ뷨עˮ
Ҷϲһ׷ԶһЩˮ
¯ã׷š
Ҷһһһľ轫˽ȥľ˳һѶ̵ۡ
۹κˣҶ佫ӻȻӡ͡
Ҷ佫ӺȫȡҲܳԵģҶҲඪֽȥ֮ˮϴ˼飬ŰѸɾһ߱á
ԭͲ࣬ȻҶڱĵطҲҵ˼ƿǻӻģҶ䲻̫˷ѣԭĽ˿Ǻ˹Žȥըը֮ͣ˽ͻϴûҾƽеζˮûεζ
ȻˣӡҲҶһŽȥϸ󣬲һζƮɢ˳ȥ
ѾʱˣҲңСӱͶˣ⣬ܿŵ
СһЩ˷֣ܵţ㰡


16 
OȻҲŵζЩɻҶ䵽ҵʲôôеζ
OҡҡͷּģĻҲ綼ץˣôڡ
ͦģԹţȥյķʳҶҵģҲҶģOЩ
ϾԼʲôĻҶܻܿᶪԼá
СӹԹԵͷ˷ܵڵתȦҶҪõĻ˵ҲԶģôţСԼѾȥĶӣ̾˿̫ܳˣôֶ࣬ˡ
OѾ˷ţغžǱȥˡ
ԽǱߣOôԽԣҺ
С˽ȥʲôûɡ
Ҷĩô꣬ԺܸߣոսOߵԺʱ˽ŲȻ֪ǽOˡ
߿򽪽Oڵã׷ѾˣҶ˹ȥɣ˳һꡣ
šO˵ͷһƾɵĲӵ࣬ɰ
ɰصʱ򣬾ͼС۰Ͱ͵Ŀɰ㣬ǲкóԵģ
Oü䣬׷ҸոջûأҶ˵ˣԼţҹȥꡣ
áСһ۾ԽˣСһ
OһСӵķȥꡣ
ʱҶպðĹǴˣʱζ˳O̲ס˼¡
ѾþûгԵˣ֮ǰҶ䶥һڳԵģڶЩõķʳóԡ
OۿŹ㣬۾ֱˣҶȾһĨЦ⣬𣿡
šO˵ͷ漴ЩȷҶ˼ʳôϡȱҶԼó
OҧҧƳһ࣬ǿڵ֪ʳ󣬴Ӧ÷㲻Һ׳ĶԼ
O˵ڷһŹŮȻĵ廻Եģ뽪Oۿûпޣ򴽵ҶĻػ
Ҷ̾˿׽Oˣ̧ȥOOüĽۿЩ죬ȴȻŲԼᡣ
OòǼõģҪδӣ˼⡣
Ҷ䱾Щ㲻Ȥ½Oᣬ͵ϲңڲãԺҲãڷˣȻˣȻһԵģ̫ࡣ
Oŵ̧Ҷ䣬Ծǲ;衣
ҶҲԭԼ֮ǰûɺ£ԽOԼҲֻܿˡ
˵ģһ£Ұ˹ȥٳһϿ
Ҷ˵ҲûٹܽOһӳˮϴһӣòӽʢ˽ȥ֭Ҳȫ˽ȥ
ҶOǰ˵ݣȶ˹ȥɡ
OҶ̽ǵͷӹӡ
OЩ㲻ҶˣҪԼҶΪʲôԼã
OɲҶǸˣ벻ͨҲû취ҶĶԼֻܶӣҲֻһһˡ
ôţOӽ˷䡣
һ䣬˱ǵ㴫˹
С۾ƲˣСֱס˽Ĵȣ㣬ʲôóԵģ
Oÿɰü䣬Сӿ㡣
ۣ㣡㰡СһҲܾûԹˣ⣬ˮˡ
漴ִԼС֣Сʵ㣬Ҷ߲ˣ
ҶҪǸ˵ĻԼͽ˵ܳԵóԵ⡣
OС⻰ȴһᣬСǱųģĶܹίôСѧ˿ɫ
黹Oһ䣬ӷŵϡ
ٹȥһˣԹԴš
ŷСһ˼ͺСӾܱһ
O˷䣬ȥ˳ȥʱ򣬾ͼҶڴ򼦵
O˶סˣ˰컹ûסʵ⼦ǴĶѰģ
ҶҲýֻͣ;ģ˺üˣԵĺһ㣬ȰùȥϰѼˣǾܿˡ
Ҷ䲻Ը˵OҲڶʣһԵ꣬˳
Ҷ߰Ѽ㣬˰ײ˿ֵζϣ˾Ǻˡ
Ų˽˷ʱϾͶһСӡ
СһƺǺֻܺһ¾ɿˡ
ҶôĺóԵġСվԶҶ¶Ц
ҶҲСЦЦԷɡ
һ˷ŵϣҶ佫ɰĸӴ򿪣ʼʢ׷
˵붼ʢģЦ³԰ɣʲô
ֲǲ˷ԵϻԭŮСһ˻ӡ
OС£̽Եļһӵİײ˿ιСһСһŵĴģԼҽͶιȻڴڵĳ
ȻͼҲҪֻҪܳԱͺá
ҶȻҲע⵽ˣOӼеĶǰײˣɴԼĿӼһӼŵСԣôн
Сӿ۾ˣOҶһۣŰһ鼦ι˽ߡ
СһС춼Ŵˣͣľ׽ļ


17 
ҶһС룬һ㸹λÿʼ̣СӲô㣬˴˾͵ð޳ɾȻСӳ׷Σա
ѡͷǿ⣬٣Ҷ仹ĺ棬֮ϽСŵ˽Oֱߡ
ģҸոһ̣ټһ顣Ҷ俴򽪽O˵
šO˵ͷڴ¶һЦ
СӸով͵ҶˣҶ޴̣ĽĿǸС⣬Ҳ볢Сû˵Ҷͽˣ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵һǸģС۾ˣҶЦЦллҶ㣬Ҷá
СĨ۵СӣҶεЦЦСӻͦˡ
Լ˵˷Ĵԣʢ˲ٵ׷ϣְͷж˳һٻе㲻ˣܹҲǳˡ
Ҷһ߳׷һ߿ͷOְһһ£ȷûд̣ʢιСӣҸոտụ̂Ҳעһ㣬ҪǸожǵǧ³
֪˽㣬ԡСӿˮˣСŽͶι
OСģˣι˹ȥС£ĵĳ⡣
þûԹˣʲôζˡ
O̽Եּһ鼦ιСӣҶûܣŴ
Сӳһ⣬һС׷鼦һЩײ˿СһԵıģűOŵ˵ϡ
Ҷһֱû㣬ѵ㣬նһ㣬ǻҪ뿪ˡ
šOӦһҲֻȥβûʲôҲûҶʲôæ
ҶȻҲˣÿӵסβֹ˽OĶOƬ̣ΪҶԼóˣ׼¿ӣͼҶѾ롣
ҶֱӰ㸹ĵطȫе˽OʵҪ𣿡
Oû뵽Ҷ㸹ôһиԼæҳԲô࣬㶼ʣʲôˣ԰ɡ
ҶûģԲôˣͲгԲµģֱOķҲʢ˼Ű˻ȥ
úóԷⲻǻ𣿡Ҷ彪OЦЦӡͶе
еĵطǲЩӵģҶܰԣʵϲӡ
ҶԵĺ㣬OҶƺԣŶ˿
ۣΪҾƺͽζҲûʲôζټݷOԵĺ㡣
һֱֱͦܿóӵٶȱƽʱ˼֣þûԵˣڳ⣬OֻøĺóԣƺǰڼԹɽ亣ζóԡ
ҶҲԵĺ㣬ͷְ꣬Ӱ׷Թˡ
һ뷹ȥҶûָԼʢһ룬룬Ҷ䲻ʽOҪ𣿡
O׷ҲˣҶԼŵ˵ͷ֧˹ȥ
Ҷ䴽΢䣬ְѹʣµ׷ȫʢ˽O˵ȫʢˣҲǰ׷OôûԱˣЩҲŵ
ллOŷ£ȴ͵͵ڴҶ䡣
ҶȻ֪O͵ҲûȥܣԼԭòһˣ˭ҲĴǣOҲӦõġ
Ҷʢ˼跹ְβ˹ԣʱһⶼ˷ѡ
̧ȥO㸹ˣ̼Oûôɴÿӽһ鼦е˽OԣԶһ㣬·Ҳ
šO˵ͷȥҶ䣬ͼ׷Ե㡣
OҲʢһЩôûгԵȣOøóԡ
ҶҲһȻûֳʵޣĩԵĶǻȳֶĵʳҶ˸ǳԲٷ˵ɳԵ̫Ҹˡ
ײ˳ҲҶͽOԵĸɸɾϵӲʲôûʣ
ҶԱ֮ĺ˿׼ȥʰ꣬Oȴһ
ɣҽնûʲôºúЪЪOϲǷ˵ģû취ԼȷʵҪҶİⲢʲôԼ飬Ҫȫȥġ
ҶȷʵҲЩˣ彪O˵ͷǺãˡ
ڵϢ˳㿴ŽOʰꡣ
OʰĶ죬һ£ԭ֮ǰӦûٱȽOЩҲԼŮøж-150ԭ
Ҷ̾˿OҪܱôԼͺˣԼúøжȻԵˡ
Ҷ˼Ĺ򣬽OѾ̳ȥˣһʱֻʣҶСӡ
Ҷ߿˵վŵСһСһҶ俴ŵ˼ԲĴ۾޹ĿҶ䡣
Ҷ䶼ЦˣԼֲǣôСӶôԼ


18 
ҶСЦЦ֣Сһ档
СûеͷҲûҡͷһСۿɼûһűӿ
أԹԵģҶңҺܹԹԵ~
Сӿ޵ĿͰ͵ģͺҶҪһ
ҶҲޣԼֻŽOڣСӴùϵںˣԼһ仰ֱӰ˼ſˣҪýO˻ˣԼǱٵĿĺøжȣֱӱ-200
Ҷæ˹ȥԣûҪ㣬ôСߣͦȤģ˺òã
Ҷ˵ţְСһ˲ᣬȻͼСһ޵ĸˡ
أҶƭˣϴҲ˵Ҫ棬ҪҡСӿ޵ĸˣҲˡ
ϴҶҲǺɫĺ棬ȻɵɵıҶ䱧˳ȥҶһͷҶҪǮϵˣͱˡ
СӶ¼£һӶǸ棬Ҷո˵Ҫ棬Ż޳
Ҷæһָڴߣ꣬С𣿡
ҪҪҶңҹԹԵġСӿ޵ĸˣҲˡ
ҶĶˣ֪ԭûɺ£Ĳ˺ӶˣںˣùĳԼԼȫȫڱ
Oϴʱһֱųţ䣬úҶϾҶйõǰƣòųţԷǱжԼ
ϴԷǱƺ죬òУûж룬˺ڿޣ޵ĺġ
Oɫ˲ͰˣҲ֣Ҳ˲ʲô̬˷OŻŵԷǱ߳˹ȥ
ƿţҶǰĵĿţOۿͺˣҶ䣬ʲô
˵ڷ˵ţѾ˹ȥһѰҶԼС§˻ôû°ɣ
Ҷ䱻קһˤ˵ϣոǶŵģ˵Ҳûˡ
㵽ҪʲôҪңʹӦˣΪʲôҪ֣Ҷ㵽ҪֻǸӣʲôͳOۿͨĿҶ䡣
Ҷӵ̾˿͵ʲôûɣֻ˵һͿˣԽԽģȻ͹ˣҴͷβʲôû
֮ǰһΣʱҪ˼Ǯˣƴ˻OСһ޵ģԼۿҲˡ
û㲻ỨӸǰĲԣԺ󶼲ˣɣȥʰҶ˵ţ˿ĨСһۣεĳš
ԭҲǵģ˼СѶŵôӦϰˣһ˵棬ΪҪҶ˶ˡ
OոѾѹϴһ飬Ҷֳϴ˵ڶ顣
Щ»صԷŵOСӣҶţŽȥ
СӻڽOĻƺѾˣŽ
ҶҲûΪոյСӲ֮꣬ǰŹķӦ
˹ȥȥСһСһֲ˲Լҽ㣬͵͵ȥҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ҹԹԵ~
ãˣģԺ󲻻ˣСèˡҶ俴СһСЦˡ
ȥЩˮЩ˯ǾҪ뿪ݳˡҶ˵
ллҶ㡣Ϊн㱧СˣԹԵл
Ҷ俴򽪽O彪Oͷ㿴ɣȥˮ
šO˵ͷ
ҲøոҶĽеҶǴԲֺαصȵڣļأ¾Ҳûա
ԼոյķӦǲ̫ˣҶ
O򴽣ȻҶ䣬ûҪҶıѻԼҶĹϵŪ̫
ԼԹڴ棬ҳȥһˡO˵
СӴͷ㣬ǲҶˣ
С뵽ˣ㲻ǰһҶɣ
OõС룬ոҶ䲻ǹο𣿷ģû
𣿡Сӻġ
Oˣò꣬ͻῴɫˣ֮ǰǾﱻȫҳСأڱô£µۡ
OСӵԴų˷š
͵ƻţ֪ҶӦڳˮOЩߵ˳ǰȻһֱ˵Ҫ廹ǷҶ顣
ÿһ뵽ԼҪǬԪз£OܵĻǬԪӵƣҶǬԪЦǣҪҶܴȥҵҶ䡣


19 
OĴһ𣬰һ£ƿ˳š
ҶôˮOˣʵôˣˮˣһ͹ȥ
Oû˵߿͵ӨӨĵƹ⣬ǵƹֻܰյ̨һС飬ͬ˿õĴһ㣬ֻӨӨ΢⣬һƬڰ
¶˾һOŶҶǱסҶ䣬Ҳ˼֣Ҷ䣬ǲˣֻĵģǻûҽ㣬ֻǺֻǱ֮ǰŵˣ㡣
OᣬҶȴЩζⲻǽO£֮޷ǾΪԱ
Ҷ߿㲻öҲֺң˵˲㣬պ㲻£ҲȥϢɡ
ҶԼӽO˳֪Լ˵ЩO϶ǲŵģվüģֻˣڽOĺøжûҶŬŬŬˡ
OҶɫƽǰʱצˣ˿
OҲûߣվԱҶ䣬
Ҷ֪Oʲô޷ǾԼΪոյǺ޽ôأ
Сӱ޹ģҪҲֻܹԭ֮ǰŹСӣҶ䲻һСӵ
ŰɡO֣ҶҲ˵ʲôһʱ䰲
ҶԭĻͲô࣬-150ĺøжȣҶͽO˵ʲôøжȣԼ˵ʲôñᣬǻأʵж֤ԼıˣԼ֮ǰǸǶ
O˼ҲתҶ䲻˵Ҷ˵Ųõʵϻˡ
ü΢΢Щ£Ҷ˵ձҪ뿪ˣΪ鲻ԸԼһߣǸô죿
ԼϼûҲûʳûҶ䣬ÿߵ;ĩ·ˡ
Oһ۾¶ľһߵҶ
ִҶĺഩ˫ֶòӣǴӺ汧סҶ䣬ҶҶ䣬ҹ̫ˣɡ
Ҷ̾˿֪ǽOԲʲôĽOϵ֣ã룬ҲҲ᲻ɿңˮˡ
Oû뵽Ҷٴξܾյʱ䣬ҶѾܾüˡ
Oһ˿ȻºܶΣδ׼ֻ˵OԴޱȵų⣬ͲϲǬԪȺ壬οҶǬԪ
һ棬O߷һǧ𼸴εĵҶ件ãֻһױʫܣOûԼһ⸱ӡ
ں£ҶûкԼз£ջ᲻ᶪ
OٸнЩû취õϺҶ˵ֻɿ˱Ҷ֣վԭء
Ҷ佫¯ĻһͻԼϨһľʢˮִˮʢˮľˮֱˮ¸ոպá
ҶŶľתOվԭطҶεЦЦ߰ɣˮˣȥ
OعʱҶЦŵģȴЦйŹ֣Ҷ˽⣬Ҷ⼸յıʵ
OҪôҶǷˣҪôҶűĻ˾õڶֿԸһЩҶ䵽ʲôأ
O⼸Ҳһֱ˼ʼûͷֻ֪ڵҶΣգֲòҶֻӵϷûҶߣֻĸ졣
ȵûֻĵĵطԼ跨ʱԼòܻȣȻˣǸḶ́OҲ֪Լܲܳȥ
óסˣҲɡ
šOɫĸҶ˳
Ҷˮ˵˽OǷ䣬ľŵϣ㿪ڵϴ˱ϢһҪ뿪ġ
ãҲúϢOҶЦЦȻҪܺҶ˺
Ҷ䲻ɫһŮԼĺøжôͣȻǺ޲ԼģզܶԼЦЦҲӲЦ֪֮Ҷ仹еġ
⼸˵ҲһЩ£ԼЩԶԭǵ˺
OһŮӣ׶ԽǶԼ̣Ǿ˵ԽǶԼǳ˵OǱǳСӶдˣȻԼĺøжҲô͡
ҶüģԼضԶԽƯŮ˾ԽΣա
彪OСӵ˵ͷת뿪ķ䡣


20 
ССĵıס˽Ĵȣ㣬Ҷ㻹𣿡
OСһôأԺǧţҪȥҶ䡣
áСһԹԵͷ
ţҰЩϢOҪЩҶᶪ
Сӵǲ֪ʲôĵС֣Ž
Oÿɰӣüۼ˼Ц⡣
һߵҶҲԼһˮϴ֮ˮݽţǾҪˣǵ֮ǰһԺֵֶľĵײǰһӣľ֧ţƽľ壬ܷŲٶľ֣ںƳʡٵ
ӻĵĻ϶ҪģұϴţȻʲôڿռҶ䲻ýͣοŮĺøжôͣǽҲûš
ôţҶ˫۳Ĵ̾˿ĩĩյĲףڵĲףѾˡ
ҶһţˮˣĻŪһЩɵ˯£⴦Ծ©磬ϲĻ˯ž
ڶһ磬Ҷˣһ𴲡
ǽձҪˣҶԵķʢһЩϴζһĶˣٰһ࣬Եıһ㣬ź·Ҷ仹ȥŪ㲼ϸԼһ˫ףȻô䣬ƳĻֳ綼ö
ţҶŴˮϴôμ򵥵˿ڣ׼ʼ
֮ǰİײֻʣһˣҶ佫ײг˿ã󽫶˳ڿռʣҶ佫гС鱸á
ϴ˴ףһ׷ŵɰٷռȪˮһ
ŪãͣԳһˣײ˿ȫŽȥԳˮ֣뽴͡εȵȵζûһһ⳴ײ˾ͳˡ
ҶߵĶСϾ˵ʱĶͦģOҲˡ
æȹҪOЩҶҪԼ緹뿪ǽˡ
Сһӱ¶СԴµĿŽ㴩·㣬ȥĶ
ԹţϻOͣСųԷ첽ȥ
Ҷ䣿O߱ߺ
أòҲˣ׼ȥءҶת彪OЦЦ
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶﲢûеƣOҲûзɾ衣
ôҲùæ
ã緹ѣһæʱǹʰ͵ʰ磬ȥˮϴҵǺʢˡҶЦ˵˯òϵҲͦãĩһҪˣҪɥʬ
ţȥ·O˵ת˳ԷߵʱԾһͷҶԼһOҲףҶߣҲסҶ䡣
OСŻԷһţͼСѾСһѾԼ·קӡ
OСӳ˳̵ľקӣЦˣɡ
СӱСһվڴϣСһӡ
Ľ͵㣬Ҳǲᴩȹ̫ˡ
O䣬˳СӵĻ˵ǣˣʲô
ţСһͬĵ˵ͷ
СӴȹOСһﱧ˵ϣԼһȥˮ
áСԵĺܱȻϿһΣ˯һСһֻˡ
OȥϴˮСӿϴˣҶʱˣҲˡ
ҶʳˣĽеҶ硣
ţ硣ҶСЦЦ˽Oһۣתȥˡ
Oľˮȥ˳æ
ҶʢˣO߿һ̣ͱˣĶŪ⣿
ˣ;ʵ⣬ǱҪˣ緹óԵĺһ㣬Ҷ˹ȥҶࡣ
áOӹӣЩԼ۾ݳǶûˣҶǴĶŪأ
Ҳû̫ᣬʱܳԱͲˣЩҲû壬ҺȻҶ䲻Լ
OŲȥҶһֶ룬һֻſӣ߱˵OһĶʰһ£ֻҪõĶһȥһƳҪѣһƳ
ҪȥOЩŵŤͷʵ
Ҷ˵ͷţȻЩ졢̫ˣҲЯƳǿ϶һġ
O򴽣ŵ˵ͷҶһȥء
Ҷ˵Щ²͸O˼ʵôˣ
ûʲôOҡҡͷʲôǳ緹˵Ҷ䲻죬Լ緹Բˡ
һǰһĽ˷䣬СŵĵıŽĴȣ㣬ʲô㰡
Ҷ⡣O˵ţӷŵϣȥ
Сһ۾ôģҶЦЦۣҶ
ֻҪҶ㲻ͺãСš
ҶЦЦ԰ɣǾҪ뿪ˡ
šСĵͷ
O˿ӣҶѾԼӼһιߣСһڳԵ
һ߳⣬һ߻СȣҶ䴵ʺƨúóԣҶð
óԾͶԵ㣬Ա˽·ҶСһЦЦ
OĺøжȲǣԼСҲһְ취⼸ҲˣOںԼãҶҲСӴùϵ
ãҳԱСӹԹԵ˵


21 
ҶҲ˼⣬ʵȻеζҶܽܵģֻҪĩյĻȳʲôԡ
ò񫣬ҶʢһЩײ⵽һԡ
СһҲԵĺ㣬ͳ˺ü飬СһԱˣOҲæϡ
һⳢ˳ھǵʱ򣬽OǾԲģζأǵʱ򣬽OȴÿгԵһζ㣬ѾþûгԹˡ
ҶѾһˣ߿򽪽OͼOֱֻͦÿӵٶ˲١
ҶԣüҲ䣬ܿŮĹϵɻѣΪԼһЦȽˣͲˡ
СԶԼС֣ȴʱʱĿ㣬һ͵͵ȥҶ㣬ոշˣҶŽЦˡ
Ҷһֱ⼸ͽͺˣС͵͵š
O࣬Ҷ俪ڵﻹһЩҲһ㣬ԣڳȥƳڼʰ
O˵ͷš
߰ɣԺšҶ˵űԷǳʱҲִ7ӣҶ׼ȥҿûõĶ
˵֮ǰû̫ޱξͺãһ·¶޵ģޱӣӻ
£֮ǰҲû̫࣬ڲͬˣÿնڸ·ɾ̫Ҫˣͨͨߡ
ţҶ׼ԺˣOסҶ䣬Ҷ䣬һ¡
Ҷת򽪽O£
O˵ͷǰ˼ֱߵҶǰͣ¡
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Ҷ彪O˵ͷȻ֪Oʲô˼OȻĵİΣ֮˵Լˡ
ţİɣ֮ǰһȥɣ䡣Ҷ䶣һ䣬ת뿪
OҶȥıӰ磬һֱҶˣOתԺӣԺá
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㣬ҪȥĶѽСһһԼСһʵ
O̾˿ת׵СһǰСһֻģߵĻǾҪûˣԵӻģȵϱߣҲ취£ڣһµġ
Сӹɵıס˽OҲᱣġ
ĳŵOкᣬȴЦãˡ
O˱۾СӻСӻζʲôɽO
ӻζһ·Ƕ죬ʱٶķգ·;п˻
ȱ֣ܿܶӡɱˡûȥܣҪȫĵִϷһ£OԼеʱ򶼲ȥϸ룬ܴƽִϷ
һߣҶѾҵϴƳԺ䣬ǼҴ˼ңƳӦǸС˶ġ
ЩƳֹһҶӼƳѡһ¡ʵģľԣָп϶ִĳϾľʵģûôƣϾҲ˶ĹˣòС
ѡһ׼һŻȥʣµƳҶ˼һ£Ҳȫӵ˿ռƷϱ߻ԶƳ·ϺܻܿỵԶ׼Ǻõġ
ҵƳҶȥԷұӣϴֻ˼ҶǼ˸ɾıӱռӣԹһ£ռ15ɾޱ
ЩҶֿʼʵȹֻҪǸɾģռӣСӵȹҶҲҵһЩҵһöñҶøСӴҲͨͨյ˿ռ
õĶˣʱѾ쵽ˣҶԵƳϷӣַһ£Ƴߡ
һ·ƳؼңҶһһ߿Ŵǵļѵˣսϵ˱֮ǰˡ
Ҷӿ˽Ųظϣ·ϵǼҲǲĴҴҡ
OѾѱ·ʰˣڳȷϵĳ˻һЩOɴѳ˵һҲЩζ
ֻѾһˣҶȴûл
OڳⲽſţʱʱĿԺţҶ
ֹһOȻ洫ĶƳ
æ첽ߵԺҶ䣬Ҷ䣿
ңҿһšҶԺų溰
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OƿžͼҶһƳˣæÿ·Ҷ
ЩǴĶģOޱһ·ʵ
Ҷ̾˿ͱˣʱˣû취ôˡ
OҲҶ˼˵ͷˣˣҰȺˡ
УǸϽʢԷɣ˷·ҶľŵԺȥԺˮʢˮϴ֡
Oȥʢ࣬һһĶ˵˷
ҶҲˣ֮Ϳʼײ࣬OӦЩΣζһЩóԡ
СҲԵĺ㣬С챻ŵùĹҵġ
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ҶҲ˵ͷţĻһһչľһоҲϣҲʣµһЩͶҪˡ
áO˵
Ҷ߳Եĺܿ죬ԷûнOô˹ģֻҪӼɡ
ȽO˷ľ˳Ҷ˲Ϻʹͳ޻׼һ˷һס
ҶΪִˣƵˮƽޣüӲüһ״Oվһü
֪ҶҪʲôǾҶĺѿɴʵҪ
£ÿ˷һס
ףOɻʵ
ܰסֵĶȻ̫ˣ¶ᶳ˵ġҶ˵ţ򽪽OOƺǲ⣬ҶɴԼ鲼ϸO
ֵ״ִ࣬һЩٷ޻ܱůġҶ͡
O˵ͷﵹá
ھǵʱ򣬶º¯ûʲôùס
OٿҶʱҶѾʼˣֻҶķƼֻüªݣŷŤŤġ
Oʵ̲סˣ㿪ڵȻЩȥʰ
ҶһõǿУһҲߡ
Уȥˡ
Ҷ˵žȥˣո˵ûõĶͲҪˣʵϣҶߵĶȫӽ˿ռһ·ôԶһõҲ˵
ҪĶҶҲOģȻѶӵռݣҶ䲻ô
һ··;ңԶҶԼпռܿܳᱻ֣ھͱ֣Oĺøжôͣʱ򱻷˿ɲǺ¡


22 
Ҷ߽õĶŵԺרŴһɨ㣬Ͼӵ·ϿҪסҰ⣬һɨ㷽ɨ档
ЩҶ佫ŹˣȻһû취ͳˮ׶ˡ
ҶOԷȥ뿴O߷ƵôˣѾδʱ1㣩ˣǲóˣȻ֮󲻺ŵĵط
Է֮󣬾ͼOڷףҶչȥ˿ֻһ;ˣOƵرÿֻſףܼžͺܽʵĺÿˡ
ôҪ𣿡Oˣʵ
ҶæͷԣĻͦÿġ
Ǽʱߣˣҿ·ٷʣµO˵
Ҷ˵ͷϾһҪʱʱ䣬ǽȫĻ춼Ҫˡ
УѶϣʰ׼Ҷ˵ţѽOӰ˳ȥټƳԭе͵ڴĴӣƳǰ˵ȹмĴǷ˹һĶһ˻ʯһЩ
Ҷ佫ЩȫƳϣ˵ʵͦģܱ忸ЩǿǬԪʹҶԽܡ
ЩʲôһӿռǶöñԷǱȥ
СڵԼԼ棬Ҷ˹ȥ
Сһ彩һ£͵͵ҶɫСҶǱŲ
ŲĹУСӻ˿Լҽ㣬O˵ͷСżӿ˽ŲҶȥ
ҶЦЦҶ㡣
ţϣһͲˡҶ˵ţѴöñӸСӴͷϣߴöµϵãųСЦЦ
СһﱾͰװ׾ĺܿɰⶥñӾ͸ɰˡ
ţͦɰģȥ㿴ҶЦ
С۾СȥԼҽ㣬㣬ÿ𣿡
ÿһֻСˡOɫ䣬õС
ֱ֮󣬽O߿Ҷ䣬ҶӦûкĵһñӸɣӦֻɺϰˣϾҶ֮ǰҪġ
ҶҲվùϵףڵO߰ɣǰôҲ߳ݳǡ
áO˵ͷѵñĵСһѱСӻ̫С߲̫Զ·
ҶǴףľƶ
OŷľüҶƵĶôණ
ҶѾľԺţOæںϡ
СӺþöûԺˣˣĵĲУС־ȭͷඣ
O䣬ε̾˿ҲСӻ֪Ҫٵʲô
߳һֽO˫ʵѾЩˣͲã֮ǰǾŵС㣬ǴֻҲ֮ѧɵģûʲô
Oҧ֣ǷǰҶͰöˣҶԼãԼͲϺȣҶ׸Ǿ鷳ˡ
Oĺӿ죬ŲҲЩ鸡ˣҶҲˣŵһգܵиϰߵĹ̡
ע⵽ĽŲԼЩԶˣͷȥͼOѾŲסˡ
ҶľţOҧ׷ȥ
߰ɡOҧ
ʲôߣͣϢɣȻûǣԼȳŲסˡҶ䵽˽Oĺϡ
ҹԹԵģԼߡСҲ۽˵
OЩеΪԼ⣺ֻǻûϰߣһͺˡ
ҶãæȥҶɫҶû¶ɫO˿
ҶҲվԭϢһ֪ã㿪ڵŵϰɣȾͺá
OæҡͷͰﲻʲôæôȥҶ϶׸
ãܱöôصĳѾˡO˵Ҷ䣬ֻǾ¡
ҶԸ⣬Ҳûǿ㣬߰ɣǼ·Ÿһ֡
ҶתƳķ𣬼ǰƳʱҪͷ¿ͺˣҶ䶼ˣǻ꣬ҲǴ˼ңЩƽգľʵƳûУֻܱŸӷŶ
Ҷ̾˿ųǰߣOҵӣʱʱĻӻĵϣЩ˿ʱǻͣƬ̣ǰиŮǬԪЩ·߲΢
һ߹֣OֻԼֱ۶ˣֶֻ첻ʹˣͶʱʱкˮ䡣
СӼˣæ㣬Լߵġ
ԡO˵ʱɫЩס
ҶĶͣĶƳ£תȥˡ
һ۾Ϳ˽OɫˣҶæȥ
O˻СӣĿҶ䣬ʲô
Ҷһ§סСһһְѽOְʲôҰȥ㿴Լɫŵһգû£ȵˡ
Ҷ̾˿ӳһˮĺ«ְѺ«ݸ˽O
СûֶټСһ֣ЩµģOĿҶ䡣
Ҷ̾˿ƢĽ͵ĸšװˮȼˮߡ
«ŵҶռȪˮˮʸã΢Ԫأ˵һЩ
O˫ֱס«ΪոձСһЩȣ²Ŵ򿪺«ڷµĸӡ
۵ļҪ˵ź«˼ˮԻһЩ
߿Сӣ𣿡
СֱӱҶ䱧ڻأСһ㲻ûҶҶ仳Թš
ȣҲʡСһﱻһ·ǲʡ
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ҶһֱСӣһź«˼ȪˮŰѺ«ֵݸ˽O
OƿڷãŻصϣߵҶߣұŰɡ
ˣɫĺܲǿˡʱҲû취ҶֻӲͷƤ˵ʵˣȻOһˣֻ㡣
˵ţеһ˳Сڱ棬źСӣҶ俴򽪽OԱ߷һЩ
Oһ𣬰βſڵá


23 
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Oһ߷Сһ, ֹСһˤСһԼҲܴ, ֻСץľϵĴ
Ҷųǰ, ЧʾͿ˲, һ֣߳ҶͣϢ
֮Ҷһ·ǱȥסĵطݳǵĽ, Ȼݳǵλ߳, ˵ҲҪһյʱ䡣
Ϧ, ҶľߵſڵʱѾҪ, ſһرûУϾּģٸʿ, ʿҲ׷ӻȥˡ
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OŤͷȥҶ䣬ȥæ֪ԼƲôصĳ, һʱζӳ¡
ҪϢһ𣿡OҶͷ϶ˣʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ, УͺˣҲŵĵط, ϱҪ˯ҰˣǵøϽߡ
áOӦһ, 㻹ŵס𣿡
ⲻ󡣡ôҲɥʬȺɱˣƸѣҪ
Сһ˵һֱڳţҲЩˣƳҶ϶ۣСŤͷ˿Ҷ䣬ȻԹԵѺòҶˡ
Ҷһ·ϣ˳Ŵ·Ҷ;һ
ձͺ䣬ȻĴ©磬ɺôͷзǽܵ磬¶ٱȡ
߰ɣǽţٽŸ·Ҷ˵žͰƳȥ
áϿ쵽ˣOæСӴľϱСһҶ
ƺѾˣӦö·
ľҶƽȻһľͳϵĶˣǿɾͲˡ
Oȥǰһ³ͷľƽȥҶ˵
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OŰҶǰҶںƣǰľƹż
Ҷľŵǽ߿ãվֱ
һ̨ϹĹѾϾˣǰŹƷҲͲˣұҲżŮһˣǼͬû¿еĶҲѷľ峵ϡ
ҶڿͬʱǼҲڴҶǡ
Ҷ俴˼۱ջĿ⣬תԽO㿴Ȱޱó
šO˵ͷӦ
СӺܹԣʵ˿ţԹԱԼҽĴȣҶæ
СͻȻҶҲͦõģһĶһ磬ڻҪչǡ
Ҷ䲻֪СʲôѾжľϵɨǽߴɨһ£ѵϵĻҳණɨһԡ
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Ҷü䣬ϢɣҰѻ
˵ţҶӹŵ˵ϵıϡ
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OҶչһüľҶ£OɫŻһ㣬ҶѣO˵ͷţ֪ģ
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Сһ˵춼û·ڳϱҶţСӾֶˡ
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ҶոǿԼĲˣڱԼ
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Ҷ˵ͷȷʵˣҪǽOĺøжǾͺˣܿϧOĺøжȺȶԾ-150
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Сһʱʱ͵͵ȥҶ䣬Ҷոհϴˣι࣬СӸоԼûǰôҶˣ˵ˣҶǻˣСһҲҹȥҶ档
ҶǿʼӣһѹˣǾ͸óˡ
Oڻѱߺ࣬Ȼª̬ԾɺܺãֻǺȵٶȿһЩ
Ҷżæȣ緹Щԣһ·
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ѾӶˣǰѹȫŽһźãǰıһһСһ㡣
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ַСӣҶľǰȥҶñΪӻĵĲֹ·Ҳ˲µˣҲһֱҶǺ档
һߣҶǾʱһֱδʱ㣩ҶŴͣ
Ǵ˿ߵһСӱߣҶľʵƳŵһôͣãԼѾʪˣôʱ䣬ʵߵ·̺ޣҪͷ¿ͺˣҶ̾˿š
OǰСһӳϱľЯɨ㽫ǰĿյɨһ£һޱ̵˵ϡ
ҶεûͽOŸɻȷʵЩˡ
OȻҲҶһĺߵҶǰԼĽ˳Ҷǰ˵ݣɡ
ллҶҲûƴǣȹ·մһҲɴ˹ýOĽԼ˲
OĽܸɾ滹ЩҶͲЩǸĿ򽪽Oһϴɾٻ㡣
OһۣأϻУԼðɡ
Ů֮ҪҶ䣬ŲôĶҶá
OĿ⿴˿ľϣΣſڵ緹Ķˣȥɡ
ãϢһȻȥҶ˵ţ˵̵ıϢСҲҶߡ
O״СһҶһ
ϢһҶŻһЩȥľװӴ˰׺һżЩˮϴһףˮ׼ࡣ
Oܱ߼˲֦ôʯʹ𵶽
Ҷ˼ʯͷ
ѼʯͷźãͰչȥڼ찾ˣѼȥɡ
Ҷ߸հʳãͼԶһҲͣǬԪʱʱ߿
Ҷü΢΢ϲֱ˶ϵĸоƫƫԷʲôûҲʲôֻܾ䡣
OҲע⵽˲ԶǼˣǬԪʱʱ߿ýOеܡ
ҶҲ˽OĲȻɴվ˽Oǰж˵ߣԶľңңˡ
˼Ҷ俴Ŀ⣬ȥֹĺһʲô
û߿Ҷ˽OԱߣΧϡ
չûһɢҶƲӵŹǣŲڼ濪һСڣҶ˳СڰĵҺȵĻУһ涼մһЩ˶ܳԵ
ҲҶһżˣΪ˲ӪҶ仹ǾԵ
಻һͺˣҶֱʢ˳˸æԷڵ磬һҲ¶޵ĵطҪҹˡ
ҶǶǼҲڳԶһЩҶǱ߿˿ڵ磬ʲôʱ֣
һɣŮǬԪеͦģҹŮҹмһֱ˶ţ֡곤ü
һЩļʵҪǽҹҹô죿
곤¶ɫô죿һݣ֣Ǳͱ˶ֻ࣬һǬԪһСӣĶ֡
ţˣҪôǸͷ׵ͷʵ


24 
ţ˵ͷ, ţ, ҺͶţһֱûȢϱһ·Ҳ, ٸͷ, Ҫʲô, ֻȥͺˣòһôƯҺͶţҲÿˡ
ţ, һҶʵׯ˼, ˼ҶӦҲһ, ô²ɢ˼أǸϵĸ˲̵
, ʲôɢɢģ㿴ŮǬԪý۵ģԼ, ôÿ, պҲҪ·ϵåˣֵٻúôţͬ˵
, Ҫ˵ҲǺ, ûҵʱ˭ܸ߿Щׯںһۣֽεε, Ҫ˱˵԰, 硣
ûţͷ
ǣǼҿɴû¡ϸ˻ǲ̵˵룬ּʵǸСǴô죿
ԼʳԣȻǽˣСӣҪ˵ֵӲǵ֮ţаЦ˼£ڵ
ǣ̫ˣ˭˭վסţϵ͵ͱˡ˵ţţֿԱһԼʮСúտŵ飬Ƕ֣𣿡
˸硣Щӵĵ˵ͷ
ţˣɡţ˴һ۷Ը
ҪǴãţ׸˵ÿ컹ǲٵʳ
ŵŵӦһͷ
Ҷ˳Ժ˷͸æʰ·ˣѾʱ㣩ˣҶٸСʱ·͵ҵطҹˡ
߰ɣǰҵŵĵطҶСӱ˳ϣڵ
O˵ͷţҷɡ
áҶӦһľ·ȥ·вٵߣҶĬĸ·š
ҶҲһľֻܳ˲ͣǰƳҲ˲ϱġ
Ǻ治ԶţһҲ֪ʲôʱѾȻˡ
ɫһһ㰵Ҷûôˣȫǻɽ֣ʱ·Ѿв˼ҶڴˣҶ俴˿ɫڵ߰ɣҲҸطϢտµ˯ˡ
šOЩĵĵ˵ͷȥ
ȥǱߵǿôɡҶϰһطϣŴӵ㰲ȫС
ľȥûƶԶֻǿ¾ͣˡ
ϺˣȰѻ˵Ҷ˵ȥľϰɨʼǰĿյء
ԶţҶɨأЦʲôʱˣôིСûãƫƫЩ󻹾ϲûõС
ǣŮǬԪž磬ĶȵֵܣţҲһ԰Ǻ
ţЦһνŮֵܵˣãܰǵʳһˡ
Уģ硣ţһЩ޲ھܶ֡
ҶѾյ˳վڵһӣӸľˣľ˽ãӽʵҶľϼܺһӣһܵסЩ硣
OѾӸ˲ٵľӽ˻һҶ͸ܵů⡣
OСӱ˱Сӿźļɺãܷ硣
ԼǶ׵Ҷ׼æж𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ǰ߲ȫԹˣ£ռֻʣһֻףֻ֮ʣ17Сˡ
һ·ҶҲˣ̫࣬Ҷ伴ѼˣҲԼ̫ҡϾڿûʲôٸӻ·ϵģ̫ˡ
ֻȥľʢ˰׹O׽ӹɡ
ҶҲûֹ˵ͷȥľϰǰѳ˳Ҷ佫ߵԱʱõ˳ع̥ˡ
ɫĻѽҶΧҲѣӦҲѵˡ
ҶͽOһ߿Żһߵչϡ죬˶ܰ
ҶҪ̫ˣÿƳĵ;ûоȥ˼O뷨O˵Ϊ͸Ҷ䣬Ϊһ仰һǵҶ䣬ǱҶˣ³ضܲҡ
žţҶ˼ں«Ȫˮ֪ǲҶãܾúȪˮָܻһЩ
ŨҶƲӵţչOľʢ࣬˵ĻʳԱ˵ǲġ
ΧŻѵĵطҲֻ˳ԵĶǴԲϵģɴڸƤԡ
ҶȻҲȥܱˣǵʳ˶ԣôȼñˣ˵ˣ׶׳ʱȱˣܸܿԼ鷳
OѾչʢ˳ҶѾˣOιСһԷ
סҰ⣬СһҲ޲֣ԹԵĺϡࡣ
Ҷ俴СһԹԵӣü䣬ŹһСһһ»ʳֻҲʱˡ
ϡøӴӸϿһЩ֦Ұ䣬ѱһţȻ϶ǻᶳðģЩҶصԼ¡
OѾС˯ˣԼ˹ĺࡣ
࣬Ҷȥϴ룬OǴľ֮߳ǰûԼ÷꣬⼸ԽˣȰõ׷Ƴ
СûһˣЩߵĴյ˽OߣС㣬ȥޡ
Oֱߵ߷ŵһߣãȥ
ҶȻҲˣס˽O󣬡ȥɣ̫ˣ㻹ǴȽϰȫ
֪ҶĻеͬҶôߣˣҺȥϾͻ
Ҷ֣Ҳٶ˵ʲôŽO˵ͷ
OСһԶߣҶ뻹Щĵᵶ˹ȥ
ûи̫ԶֻԶԶվජܵĶ
ţţһ϶͵͵۲ҶߵΣո˼OһжΪˣû뵽Ҷŵȥ
磬ô죿ȥ𣿡
ȵȰɣŮǬԪ˯ˣٹȥһ¡ţڵϾ˯ŵʱǷʶʱ
УǾٵȵȡ
ҶԾŵվԶԶĿǵӪأ˹͵ޱ̫ң͵Ǻܳ顣
ԼһյĹ򣬽OСӴˣҶվƬ̣Ҷǵ𣿿ôأ
O򴽰꣬ǿڵлл
û£ȥϢɡҶ俴һۣͽOһߡ
ȻصҶļʱOæϢɣһҽ㣬ֱ߻жûзꡣ
Ҷ˵ͷҲá
ҲˣɴС£Ǻ˱ӣҶ仹ϵͳһ䣬ϵͳ賿һӰѣ潪Oҹ
СӼ˵Ҷ䣬Щ棬Сһ͵͵۾Ҷ䣬ȻͱҶץ˸
СӵЦԹ˯ˣǻ·ء
áСһԹӦ£۾̫ˣСûһ˯ˡ
ҶҲһΪĩյľܺܿĽ˯ߣϢãһжҶʶķӦǾµϰߡ
ûһҶ˯ˣOھ۾ķףСһûһͷƺֿ֮ʼԼơ
ʱһһƣҹɫŨ⼸û˶ѵҪô˯ˣҪôǸʵʵĴԼӪ
OԼҲƺˣպãһЩ֦ŶŻѷ
ţţߺһȷҶ˯ˣƵֵİOơ
ţţûеũߣţһõĳͷţһ
˷ŻŲO߱ƽ
ֻкķԼž˵ĽŲͦԵġ
OԭŻѶ˯ˣԶĽŲʱ䲻Ĵ˸Ҳˡ
Oֻ˻ҶȣҶ伸һ̾˹ָ𳤵İʹܳӰ
ţֱOֱϵOһ
OûзӦͱţӴסˣһӱ˵ϣţקߡ
鼱֮£Oһ˾ȻҶ䣬ƴĺţҶ䣬ң
ҶߣţųͷҶŻ˹ʵĳͷԷҶܿ۽ǵƲһԵĽO
Ҳ΢ͣ٣ţٴ׼ᣬͷҶؿڻ˹ҶɵȥͬʱһӣͷľҶ俳ȥһΡ
ţЩˣȥʱҶһߵţؿϣͬʱ˳ȥţļ౻һĿӣ۵ؿڴ˿˵ϡ
ҶתţǱ߿ȥ˿̵ţקŽOԼ类Ҷ俳һţЩò׼⣬һϽȥôˣһ᲻ýO鵽ķ⡣
ǲOܾˣۿ˾Ҫˣʵ᲻÷֡
ɵʱҶѾų߳˹
ţҶ䳤ϵѪҲסˣɴһݣϵסOĲһOɫҰ
ٹҾŮˣϽϵĵˣ㣬Ҿ˵ţţԼЩOɫˣ
Ҷ佫ֵĳӵ˵ϣڵ嶯¶
ţҶѵˣ˿ŽOҲһЩ㣬ѵ߹ˣֱ
ţ˵ţ˽OĲһ£OЩֱιȥ
ҶæˣͿˣҰ˵ˡ
Ҷ΢лһĨײɫľǱв
Ҷһ水ţ˵ģѽµĳţǱȥȷţ׹
ҲҶߵһ˲䣬ţ˾裬ҪѳԼһ࣬ٲҶ
Ȼһ̣ҶѾ嵽ţǰһȭʹȫţźݺ˹ȥǶѵţĲҽ
ֻԼǱұһ۵ͬʱ˫ֲԾɿŽOתȥ
Ҳʱ䣬ҶһѰѽOԼߣٵİѽOϵ
Oļϸۣţ˼£ĲѾպһȦ
ҶҲֻǵɨһۣͰѽOȥԼǼ˸ոӵϵĳţǱȥ
ţıǹǱҶˣѪ˫űӣ۵ᣬҶߡ
ţֱŵ̱˵ϣֵͣģңҲˣĲˡ
ȻҶȴûһĻ˹ȥƬ֮ţҲû
ҶæתѽO𣿡
O˫ûҶˣҲֻǿҶ仳ﻺ
OһץҶȹһԼĲ˺һ¸о
ֻǽOϻᣬɫҲһƬҰס
ҶŽOĺĽOĺ󱳰ţûˣ¡
ͱѵСӣССһֻһ߿һߡ
СһղűѣͿ㱻˰ˣȻҶŵ׷ȥ
Լ̫СܹȥҶ㣬СһڱСԼĴڸУ鷳ȻҶͰѻ˴ˣ㡣
СһŴӱСǱȥ;Ϊ̫żСһﻹˤΣ˲ۣǱȥ
ҶŽOһжŤͷȥͼСһﲻ֪ʲôʱѾˡ
㣬û°ɡСһĨᣬһ˫ֱס˽OĴȡ
OѾһЩֻԾɺܿ죬ոյĴʱľԼˡ
ҶĻԼҲǱ裬ôţO̧Ҷ䡣
OҶӣȻҶ￴˵ǣȻڵԼ
OЩɻ󣬸ǲ⣬ֱϱСӱסOŻع
ÿˣOæཪԴţԣûˡ
أ㡣СӱŽOȿ޵
Ҷ߿СһСһ޵ĲģĪͦɰġ
ֻҶһŽO֫һֻֻŵڲȻҶһСӵԴ
ֹԼһյʱ䣬OԼվסˣOæȥСӣһš
OոձסʱĵȷȷҪˣĲµľСӣҶڣȻոһ׶༪١
ҶĽOļ򣬰Ȼȥɣ̫ˣ˷纮
šO˵ͷֲ˲ԼᣬȥСһ
Ҷȴס˽OȻɡ
˵ţҶᵶֱСӣǵӪǱȥ
ոյĶʵܴ󣬱ϾţĽкǺܴģסڸĲ񶼱ˡ
ʵҲܳҹ˳ʳɱ˷ŻˣǶԴҲľˡ
ǻΪ˻Ҷ䣬ϾҶ俴ȥǬԪǰ㽡׳Щû뵽ǣŴѪĵҶ䡣


25 
Ҷ䲻Χ̽ѰĿ, Щ˿ԼɱҲãһһЩˡ
ҶѴѪĵӵһ, Сӷŵ˱ϣ컹, ȥ˯ɡ
Ҫ, Ҫ, ҪŽ㡣Сһ޵۾ͮͮģ뵽ʲôСһѱסҶ, ллҶҽ㡣
Ҷ䰲Сӵĺ, л, һˡ
Сһķ, ԣȥʰһΧȺš
ţڲԶ, Ҷ׼ϵԶһ, õѪ
СӺɿҶ䣬̶ȥҽˡ
ҶǰѾȥţϵŻصӪ, ľһƲӣҶ俪ʼ
OѾС, СһСӺ£ȴ˯, ֻ۾һҶ䣬һֿԼҽ㡣
OҶ, ıֱֲֻֻƽǰأ˿Ūһ
벻ͨҶΪʲôᵣϾҶǶģɷϵǣҶȷʵ
O˰Σǿڵллովҡ
ãȻǳˣһƽƽİǴϱߣ㲱ﻹ𣿡Ҷ䵽˽OĲϡ
Oϸ۵ĲճһۣڻӳԵرĿ
OԼĲոյ龰ĿʶĸŶһ£ûµġ
Ҷ䵭˵ͷڵȥϢɣҹͺá
OΪոյ鱻ŵùǺҲûоܾҶĺ⣬Ҷ˵ͷţǽˡ
ࡣҶЦЦ˳һѲ
Ҳ˵Ĺţţ˹ǵӪҶһξ룬ﻹţȵ
ܹʱҶӪѾ¹ƽˣֻʣ˵ϵһ̲Ѫ
㶵ĿҶ䣬Σ䵽ҶߵĳϣָҶ䣬㣬ɱ磿Ҹأ
ҶĿŴڵ粢࣬ȶǶֵģǲɱǣľңҲʲôƵˣҵĺ֮ǰ뿪
û뵽Ҷôˣź˼ָҶ˰ɱˣҰңҸ类ɱˡ
Ŀ޺ڼžҹĴ̶Ȼ˻Ӧ
ӻĵ·Ͽ̫ˣû˻ԼҲʹ죬е˻ô󺰴еģ徲
ǲϲ磬Ҳ֪粻ϲûиǵıһ󣬸ѸĸƽƽĴϱߡ
ûȥҶƴǸݵϵѪҵʬ壬קʬ壬Ҫ˰˻ԼӪء
ԴˣҶƽ˿ûвĩռ̫࣬Ҳ̫ˣոҪǲ֣ľͻǣҶһ㶼ڶǬԪ֡
ϲԼ֮ǡ
Ҷ俴˿OͼOҲû˯ţûж˵ʲôԼմѪȹӵľһȹá
ջصޱ£յϵͳʾϲףŮOĺøж+20ǰŮøж-130
Ҷ˿һϣûаæҶϴúøжȶһĶֻʣһֻףû20ĺøжȣҶ仹е㷢ʳ⣬ڲˡ
20ĺøжȣӦܻȡٵʳ
Ҷϵͳ˶һ壬һҳÿ춼ˢ£Ҷ濴Ķͺϴβһ
ǣƻײһ(50)һͷ¿廨¹һһѡ
֮ʳߡϵͳﶼУֻǶһЩҪĻֲͬ
ҶֱӾͿ¿һͼд50㣬ҶĴǳ˳飬50֣ⲻҪով˽Oǿǿĵ20øжȵĽ50ֻԶء
ڵĴˣǻҪԷ20ĺøжҶ׼е10һʣʣµ10ǼţȷʵҪһͷ¿Ͼڸո·˵ϱˣǶûߵأҪ¿ǵٶ٣ҶҲܱ¡
ôţҶж˼Ѱȷ˼ҪĶ
ʹ1øжȣһ10š
ʹ2øжȣһ廨
ʹ2øжȣһ6ס
ʹ5øжȣһײһ50ţ
5øжҶٳģϾһһӣڿռĺֲֳܶİײˣֱӶһʳҪĶ࣬50ŰײˣҶһµĲƷǲ÷ˡ
ʳҲǱƷҶĶһһЩܱ֤Ӫ⡣
ʶǱ뵽˿ռҶʮöײӲ˺潽Ȫˮ
ЩҶȥռȪǱ߿˿ֳ㣬ϴΰ17С˽ȥ֮һֱûܣҲ֪ôˡ
ҶʶȪϣ̫ȷôȪ㣬ֻ̽ԵĸȪָһ̣һصܵȪϵҶ仳
Ҷ俴Ż㣬¶˾ΥЦݣȪȻǺöСŽû죬ȻͳôˣЩȪֳÿ˵Ҳóô
ôţҶѻӻصȪ
ԼʶҲع鵽˱壬ʣҶվľϵĺ«װȪˮЩҶŻص¡
һҹҶ侲ĿŻѣԼĸ
Oһ˯Ҳȣ춼ˣOǿ˯š
ҶԼľӪܱȥ壬ԷԼҲ˯ȥ
һֱʱ8㣩O˹ﻹЩۣѾˣO
˼̫ˡOΧвٵѾʰö׼·ˣOæӱ
СҲ۾ӱԴСһԻû˯ѣͷͷģȴɰˡ
ҶҡҡͷǽЩһ緹緹һߣ˯һ쵽˽ҡ
Ҷ൱һû˯˶Щ£·Ļ巴ԲټҪȥϱߣһܹȥģҪܳʱ䣬Ҷ仹Ǿ˯һ
ţ緹أһɣ㽫ĶˣԸ𣿡OҶԸ֪ʳĶʵ
Ҷ룬ֱȥľǱߣװһȡʵǴӿռ˰׺ż֮ǰֻûǵ¶Ϫ߻Ǻٴĺãڰײ˲˸£Բϣ緹༦
Ҷһ׺ż˽Oڵ绹ǳЩɣʵﻹбĳԵģֻڲһɡ
ţȥ˯OӹҶĶߴٵ
ҶЦЦĻصǱߣһӸϡ
Ͼ棬ҶҲһӾ˯£OȴҧҧҶǵԼոոǹıӡ
ջʲôû˵ʱˣǬԪͬһҲû취飬ټϣҪҶ䣬ûˡ
ţO˻ԣʳţʼϴ
һѾӰΧҲ½½·ˣֻʣҶǻԭء
Ҷһ˯úǰȣǱζŪѵġ
ʱͼOѾాˡ
ϴһ£ԹԷˡO˵ţѾСһʢࡣ
Ҷһ壬ȥľȡʢˮĺ«ϴصԣͿԼ緹ѾOʢ÷һߡ
ҶԹԵĳ磬䣬һ࣬嶼
һ࣬ǽջûҶʱߵʱ䳤һ㡣
˳緹OͰҶľϵĶãҶСӱľOһԷСӡ
ѵﲻҶ˺ܿӿӻĵС
Щ۵ģϾҶ䱾ǸÿŮǬԪ߻ŽOôһòϺõŮټϳϵСӣϺױ˶ϡ
ҶԼҲ£ԺҪˣԺҪСĽС
һ·Ҷ䶼ûͣ£ôʱҶѾǺˣˮ˳Ҷ໬䣬ҲûͣϢ
Ϳˣһ·
OҲûҶõĶȥҲϸϸܵĺ飬·Ͳõ˵ȷʵܡ
OʵЩ߲ˣŤͷȥҶ䣬С:Ҷ䣬ЪЪʵ߲ˡ
Ҷ˶ЩˣæľƵһߣѴ·óᵲ·ˡ
Oֳľϣ˿̵Ҳ˲ôǣֻ佫Լࡢĺøɾ
ҶҲһȹ򵥵Ľĺ˺«Ӵ򿪣ȰѺ«ݸ˽O
OҲƴǣֽ֮ιú˼ˮԼź˺üڣȪˮ¶ǣOһЩֽ«ݻҶ䡣
ҶȻİѺ«˹ȥֱӺ˺üˮ
O䵽˺«ϣԼĴո˺«ڣҶҲˣOæƿ߸Լ룬ѣûôི
OĶ⻹ǲĺֻò߲ȥҶ䡣
ҶպˮѺ«·źõʱ򣬴·ϵļͣһǬԪǿƲסԼһȵζӿ˳
ţ·ļƺӰ쵽ˣеǿվסеѾһ̱˵ϡ
ͬеǬԪĻãߵǬԪ㻤סǣûǬԪģеıֱӰ쵽¶ǰ·϶ʱһš
Ҷ伸ʶƿԼĸҩƵζӿ˳O档
OոҲŵһζܿģ㱻һϤζ
O֮ǰŹһΣ֪ҶζʶĻͷҶ䡣
Ҷͷ߰ɣǾ뿪
¶ǰĴ·ϣѲ£¹˶Ҫˡ
ţҶæľһƳһ㱣ŽOһֱŲǹȳζˣҶֹͣͷԼ㡣
ҶҲ˴룬ľϵ·ߣһֳڳϴϢ
O򴽿Ҷ䣬ЩĿҶ䣬ҶԼռԲôԼԼմȾһǬԪζ
Ҷôģܹ黹ǰȷʵǬԪζҶ㵹ǲҶ䱾ôᣬƵζͦŵġ
OһæЩ߰뷨˳ȥһǧôҶоţΪҶŻôġ
OοԼһҶϹ˺飬ԥƬ̣ǰ㻹𣿸ոлˡ
ҶȻ֪OָʲôڲҪOͷϵллֻϣOĺøжһǣʵʵģȻҶϵͳ鿴һ¡õȴϵͳĻش
ףŮĺøжȻ-130ûб仯~
Ҷ̾˿ܺãŵˣ֪OŮûôúŪƽĹİ𽪽O㲨
ҶĨһѺ˿ɫϾҪˣҶɴҪ¶ˣ߰ɣǰѳơ
˯ĻԽŴ·Խȫ
šOŵ˵ͷ
Ҷ׼ҵطõʱҲвٵѡá
Ҷվһô׳ĴóľһӼĴԵ磬ڵһӣϢҶӹһ˯ʱǵġ
ҶѴʰõĹ򣬽OѾİѻˣڸһЩ֦
ɫҶΧʮ׿ĵطҲ˼ˣЩҲ
ΣӪصľøҶüͷȴҲö˵ʲôϾҰ⣬˼סޣҲܲţֻϵʱҪСġ
Ѿһ˺üյ࣬Ҷ䶼оԼƳʱԽԽû룬ǰѰѸոնһóﳴ˳ԣȻһֱ࣬µϱ߾Ҫˡ
˵˵ע⣬ҶǱۣ㲻ԺõģҲкܴʱ˶ϣӣԻԱ㣬ҹҲܸо
Ψһһ㣬Ҷ䲻ýͣÿնͽOһƾնһ⣬OŹ֡
Ҳ˵ôˣź˼࣬ҶﵭһζûУ״ҲȸճʱһЩҪ
ҶţͰɰݳһѣ
OҶҲ˳Щɻ󣬱ϾǵĲ˲ͳôӦʣҲˣOûʳڡ
Ҷ߷¹ȥľһͣʵǴӿռһ׺Ͷ
һԼЩ飬ӲͷƤǱȥ
СڱϣϱOһСӣȥԲСˡ
Сһ￴Ҷŵ⣬ˮֱСָָҶ⣬ȷͷҶ䣬⣿
ҶСЦЦţһԣ벻ԣ
ҮҶˣϲҶ㣡СӺ˵ֻ۾ȴһ˲˲ĶҶ⿴
OóҶεЦЦֻЦȴſɬ
ھǵʱʲôŸĶڣЩ⣬ȴҪҶ˵ôĺû


26 
ҶȴѾ˹, ýOæһ⣬ֽһ׷£ۻصľ, һľʵİ˹
Ҷ仹˷Ȫˮĺ«ְѵζƷȫ˹
Щ, Ҷˮϴһ, ŵ˰, õгС飬رʵĲ׼һֱե, Ͳˡ
ϵͳжһԸɾ, һβپϴ, ֱӾͿá
Ҷ˼ʯͷڻԱ, ֧ܣ׼ˡ
OŰϵiֹնҶһ, ҶǴĶأֻ⣿ͬ, ҶЩҲ֣ҶﱾͲԣѵʱ, ҶǴĶŪļأ
ۿҶҪѷ¹ˣO˳, Ҷ䣬ȷЩ⣿
Ҷùֶһ£漴˽O˼, Ҷ˵ͷȷ, ЩҲúͣĵȷȷ⣬ԷģϾԼҪԣҲɥĲˣҲǲֶεķӣֲ²ԶܷҲȥ¡
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶĿγŲƭԷģֻȴɻˣ⵽Ķأ
ĹҶѾܺãԱһСѻ𣬽չʯͷ׷
ЩҶ佫ӵ˹եͣͲ඼եҶŰ¹ȳƵĲˣֵζϣζʱ㴫Զ
Сֻ۾ͣſˮ⼸Ȼûжӣÿ춼࣬СһҲˡ
ǼżζΧļȻҲŵˣһЩʱʱĳҶͶ̽ѰĿ⡣
ҶѾŵһԣҰԷôֱùþͺá
OҲչĸӴ򿪣ľʢ
Ҷӹ֮ʹӹ˺ü⣬ڵĳ֬׷һУֻһھҸС
Ҷʱ򣬽OһֱڿҶ䣬ȷҶûжġŻ£ЩҲû¶ʵɫԼ̽ԵļһС飬г˳
СȴǲˣҶͽ㶼⣬СӵĿˮ˳Ǿקק䣬ʾ
OǲóԣҪȷ⵽ǲ⣬һҶɥĲˣԼÿɲܳˡ
һڣζͿڸȷʵ⣬Oּ̧ҶԵĺ㣬ŷĹǣȥקԼСӡ
OСӿˮˣ䣬æӹ˼⣬׷һι˽С
СӽһͷУ˼¾;Լ챻Ժˣʲôģ̫óˣ
СӿĵڱϷһȦżŽͶι
Ҷ䶼Цˣó𣿡
СӷɿĵͷóԣҶˣҶԣ
Сһ˵ʱ־ȭͷĵģɰˡ
ҶһСӵ࣬Ц˵ģٶ˵䣬ǵƮˡ
ٺ~СӳҶȻһЦ
Сӳʱ򣬲⼸շ飬ûǰôҶˣҶҲܺãÿնŵľߣСЩ㲻ҶΪʲôͻȻˣеϲڵҶ㡣
Сӵô죬ÿҲǳԳԺȺȣǳʲôģڣҶ⼸նã־㣬СӲܲмҶ䡣
OҶ˵ЦģɫҲȾһĨЦ⣬ȻϲҶ䣬úҶ׽һЩҲãҶһ·ܶ໤һЩ
ҶԷʱǾڿǣҶ࿴˹ȥͶһǬԪĿ⡣
Ǳһĸˣ˽磬һͯӦӻĵѧӣʲôˣôҶǣҲҶܲ
ۿ˻ȥЩµջĿ⣬ҶżԷ
ϵ⳴ĺ㣬Ҷһ뷹֮ʢһ롣
OѾιСһ˷СһԼڱ棬ԼҲʢһ뷹
ôãԵϡɾˣOȻԾɱֱɶӵٶ˲١
ҶһЩOԼûٳԣﻹа׷ŽOӦܳꡣ
ҶȥԱ߼֦Ǳߵȴǳ˹
Ҷ佫֦ӵһߣתľϳԼĳ
ǼƺҲû뵽ҶеҲһ׷Զĵطͣס˽Ų
Ϊ׵æҶЦλл˵Ǿǹкţš
Ҷĵûз£ۿ˹ȥʲôʱˣЩţӻĵĶɵӣЩе˼Զ㣬Ҳ
Ϊ׵ϵЦҲסˣ²˵ĻͬƲ㹣ŲӵֻͬЩʳոʲô̬ȣ
ҶЦһˣ²ǶӶɵ˰ɣĽҰģҪʲôãھǻһҲ򲻵һֻ
㣬˲һŭƺǾҶ䲻
ֿ˹˹ĳŷĽOΪ׵ŽOһ񣬡λС㣬ǶѵѧӣѾüûϱˣ֪ܲһЩʳңģҼݵĸȵݣһʮٱ϶ǵϱ
O˿еķſڣʱʳⲻǿǿ𣿶˵ЩҲǿջҲ˺֣Ǻһ϶ӻȥˣôʮٱżƭ𣿡
OĻһҭɫǵͨ죬ԭΪOľŮ˵һЩû뵽Oôӡ
㣬Ҳ񣬲һԣ˴סΪ׵
Ҷȴƽĵ˵ͷţǲףǸУҵҪǿŸеƷܳżա
㣬̫Ϊ׵ҶļۣҶ䶯֣ȴ־Ҷĳ
ҶҲۿ˹ȥԶ㣬徻
˵ʲôѾͬקסˣͯҲקҶ䷢ͻ
ԭݵĸ˵ǴԹ󣬵ҲǺŽ׳ģֻû뵽εļôأһֱϵϼŴͯͬһϱӻġ
·ûǵʳͿĸˣ⣬붼룬ոŵߵЩԣͱҶͽOܾˣ˺ݺһܲʹ졣
ǱңʳͲˣקҡ˵ţ
ų˼ҲˣǺôǶˣѾˡѵ
԰ȥ˵ˣ߰ɡųһͬҲѵ
˵ĺǶһ⣬үҽճԶˡųþ˻ѿͬԼͯҲԼһųͯ˹ȥ
ųָͣƾҲңǲЩҸˣһūʲôҲҵľ
һһߵͯŸʲôŸôˣȥҰù
ͯǱߵúˣŶӰûվ
Ҷ俴Ǹų̶ֿͯˣĹĸӻģֻ˵̫ͯˣ˻û㣬㣬ҧһڵӣĺһ蹷
˭أ
ųҶĻıףǼûжʳˣѾ˼ϡڱıԵֱҶ䵱Ǹǵͱˡ
ųҪҶ壬ͬס
ҶҲû⣬˿һԵĽOͼOûмԷǿŶļˡ
Ҷü΢΢ѵȳԷǣء
Oû뵽ҶעƬ̣ųҶ˵ͷò˵ǽ̫óˡ
ųҶûаʱˣ˫ȭҪȥҶ鷳ͬӺݺݹס
Ҷ䴽ǹ˹ųĹǽ⣬߿˻ˤڵصͯӣ㻹뿪Ϊҳˣʲôģûˣ㻹ǸϽı·ɡ
ͯԾؿڣ۾ﲻ֪ʲôʱ˸
ǰһ·ɵĻ࣬ųȫԼģųмԼԼôˣԼΪʲôҪųߣ
ͯҶĻæӵӪǱȥ
ͯ˵ܻӪؿʼʰ
ų߻ȴǿҪըˣųӪصͯæͬŸʲôסʳ
ԣϽס
Ҳʶˣ˸æſųӪȥ
ųǷ߷ߵĵҶ䣬ָҶ䣬ãܺãҵš
Ҷ˹ǣЦȷʵҲԼͦõģͲͷˡ
Ҷ˵⻰Դ˵͵͵ЦǽOЦҶ俴ȥʱ򣬽O͵˺װʲôûӡ
ų㱻ҶըˣֻǰͯӪǱᶫòԼסӪǱȥˡ
ԶŤһҶҲ˲١
ֲԵ˽OոЦң
ҿûУ϶ˡO˵ţѹʣµС׷ʢʣµҲŵЩſҶ䡣
ҶЦҡҡͷаɣ˭ýOŮأ˵ʲôʲôɣԼ-130ĺøжȣҲҺͽOʲôЦһҹصǰ
СȴǺܿĵĲ˹ҶʹҶֱˣҶˣ
СӹűӲ䵽ҶߣԲһţſɰĲС
Ҷ˳Сӵ࣬ѽָҹԻ
ٺ١СһҶЦҶֱŲŲԼСȥҶֱ
Ҷ俴ɰСӵķˣ˯ɣǻ·ء
šСӵ˵ͷ˯⡣
OǼ׷⣬ʵھǼеʱ򣬽OÿٷֻܳԵС׷ÿ춼ҪߺԶ·˽OķҲǰˡ
Ҷ䵹ûOһֱڿʮԶĵطųŤһ
ͯƺҪѽʣʳߣȻͯƢҲˣټһ·ίá
ųƵ־ʹӵϼһʯͷųͷȥʯͷųţųͷ϶ʱѪע
㾹Ҵңɱ㣡ųһͷһߴӵ
ͯҲʾųŤһһӵ˿̱Щܲ˵ļƣһȥæסͯ
ͯ˻һһȭҲǶˣͯ˱ð̱ڵء
ͯʱųţӺʳСȥˡ
ųһŶͷһߴ󺰵׷ʳʣµʳˡ
Ҳ˻һؿڲûôۣ㻹˵ôȥ׷Ҫãڴˣ
԰ˡߵСϣ۵ֱ
ųҲһӵĻ𣬴еһΪ˴Һã˭֪ūȻ·ϣղ˵ȥʳʱôңڶ˵ңǾûд𣿡
ֱҲˡ
Ϣһ󶼷߷ߵԼıӿʼʰͷ˵ųȴû˱ӣͯˣʱͷϻѪ
ųۿɼȥòͬңȾңҩҩ𣿡
ͱŪһڱʣ޼ʳҲûˣĶ˵Ҳ˽ģڻݽڣϱ߻ԶأҩҲҪԼԺãôܸųá
ƻԺĬԶŲŲ˶ûų
ųֻǴһ˹ȥ
ԴҶ䲢⣬Ҳֻǿһ־ջߡ
OѾϴˣҶ䲻ٿǱˣڵˣ
Ҷ˵ͷţҧˣû˼
Щ˯ɣһҽOһЩ
ãһ㣬СЩжĻǵýҡҶ俪ڵ
֪OӦһԹԵĹ˱ӡ
ҶִӳһɵСһԱߡ
һ£ҶͼСԼ߶˶Ȼ˴۾
Ҷü䣬Сӵôû˯
СһҶûҶ¶ЦǸո̫ˣ˯š
ţˣ˯ɣȻ˯˿ɾͳˡ
ҪԹ˯ˣҪܸߣܱҶ㡣СӴ۾ĿҶ˵
ҶʧЦҡҡͷСӵã˯ԺҺ㻹㱣ء
ţСһĵĵ˵ͷһ϶ӡ
OһҲ˵ĶԻסüۼȴҲȾЦ⣬Ҷһֱͺˡ
OҲ̫࣬ϵЦȥĻô̵ʱ﷢ôı仯
Ҷ䣬ܿջߣˣҶ̫ܣͱôģҶ䲻˵Ҳ޴ֻ֪ҪҶ䲻ẦԼҲ͹ˡ
OŪе֦ʵ˵Ҷģ⼸ҶҲȷʵüΣ֪ΪʲôOĪЩꡣ


27 
ʱһһȥ, Χֻʣ쪷O֦ͣʱʱ߶һ, ˳㿴ǼķԷдġ
OȴǶ, ǼĵԶû֮ǰţǵӴ, һ϶ƽ
OҶ˯, ûҶ䣬ȻҶ䣬⼸Ҷ䱣, ҶÿնҪƳȷʵ, ҶϢ, Ҷ䵹, Ҳû취ȫϱߡ
ϵͳҶˣɽ䣬Ҷ˫ֳŵ, ɵô˸, ſΧŻѿĽO
ôңҶһ˵ţһŲŲ
ţ⼸ҪľôԶ·, ̫ˣ˯O͵
Ϣ, ˯ɣȻһ춼û񡣡Ҷλ˳Լߵ˻ѱߡ
O, Ҷ˵ͷɽ˱
ﻹ, ɽȥ֮ůůģOҲ룬Ҳˣûһ˯˹ȥ
ڶһ磬Χ½½Ŀʼʰ·
Ҷ緹˳緹ż·ҹסӪأֻʣųһˣѾûӰ
ûȥųҶҲֻǿƬ̱ջĿ⣬һͬϱȥ
ҶϳԵıˣʱҶ䲢ûмͣǼ··ϵĲҲһ
ÿո·̫࣬һͣ£ܾܿͲˣԴҶܵߵԶһЩ
ҶųǰнʱԶ̶һʿε˲˹еƥײˤ˳ȥ·϶ʱҽ
ҵȣҵȶˡһΪʱСȱݺݼֱ̤ӱȶˡ
һ԰ֹ
ҵʳȫˣһϴɷΪ˶ƥľŵʳɢһأĿ޺š
Ⱥ·мʳܲ˵ĳȥϴ״ԭػʹȥ
ųȥʳϴɷƴ뼷ȥĶȰ
ǾʣôʳˣǲҪϴקǰˣȴһ˦
ʳ˵ϣ˭˭ģ㡣
ֵļ
ողʿģȴЦиոײϵʿֱó˱һһ޵ĳ鵽Χϡ
ЩϹ۵Ķү·ҲܵģʿһһӶűΧȥ
ʿʱʱķЦҲ˱ӣΧ񲻶ϻйߣͺЩЩ˵ѡ
ҶͰľƵ·ߣüǼ·мʿȴʲôҲû˵Ǽ϶˵ôңɲǿͷʱҶɲǻ
վ￴ⳡ־緢ʱ򣬷СӵĽOȴ֣ŲŲŲҪǼʿȥ
Ҷƺ˽Oģһס˽O󣬰ѻʧĽO˻
Ҷü΢òΪЩܰҵ˰ɣʱıҲ˶٣㿴£ͷҲû̫𡣡
OɫԳҶףԲҸոһʱʧ񣬻סҡ
O붼󱳷ЩƦͲǺˣԼȥСģ˲ſ¡
ҲȥֻǸոһʱʧ񣬲ſƲסǱ˼Ҷס
Ҷҡҡͷɿ˽O󣬵û£Ǽ߰ɣСЩЩ˵ע⡣
šO˵ͷ·Сӡ
ҶľǰȥʱʱĴ޺
ˣүǶͨա
Ӵľͨգʳ㡣
𣬹үǶƶգûʳҪˡ
ʿֱһӳȥ˳һؿڣߵ³һѪͶˣļ񣬻Ҳ˷ʳ
˵ţʿʳŵϡ
ǼʿͬȺĶһץס˭ʳԼƥϷţ˳Ư󣬾Լƥק
үүӣӡ
һʿаЦ֪ӣǸ缸ãվͻ㡣
˵ţ⼸ҲЦ
Ůʿסֽţקϣڼһֱڿ󣬡ҪҪңҡ
ǬԪֱסʿȥ·Ƿʿһ⽫ǬԪĲһߣܳˣϽӹھɱ㣡
˵ʿͰĵ˳ǬԪۿҪߣĶϺˣ˫ıʿ÷ҪүҼ÷ɡ
ȥġǷǬԪֱͱǬԪؿڣǬԪʱѪעҲû
ӵϵ÷Ŀɷ򱻱ɱѣƵÿ޺ţſңôˣ
ôˣѾˣȰ㻹ǹԹԸǣܵǷʿаЦ
÷ΪɷˮֱһµʿϣҾҲóѡ
ðӾ㣬ô˵ܡ
˵ǷʿһѰקҪǿȥŮ˵·
ΧһЩ񶼱ɵˣеĶӣеǶԶԶģһĸ
ֵǮúõˣ˵ˣʲôûʵʵ·ϸ·ͱţԼһͱˡ
кö˵ʳӱӣܶ˴һԿֻû˻ȥָ
ҶŮ˵ļУͻȻЩ߲ȥˣ߿ǰĽOСӣȨһףջǰľһߡ
OҲˣûо˵ҲܱҶôϣҶȥ̫ΣˣҶ£ԼҲˡ
ҶͣˣOתʵôˣ
ҶľϵĳڵˣȥOذ׻Ͼͻ
OסҶ󣬴ʱ˿òԼ룬̫Σˡ
ҶĽOֱ:ģԼʲôȥȥͻأСЩ
˵ţҶŲ˽O֣ųʱ·ȥˡ
Сͷڽ㻳Уǵǣ㣬Ҷ᲻ΣգЩ˶ÿ¡
OҧҧмȽΣǣǰﲻֻ
˿̵ʿ˻ΧյʳѾѸոյŮΧǸʿѾʼקŮ˵·ˡ
ˡϣĶаʿӡ
Ҷ䣬ᶨسʿ˹ȥΧ񼸺ĶŪˣ׷Է˵һԣҳ
ԹٶοǼʿɷǸûȥ
еǸ÷ŮˣʿѾֳŮ˵ҪȥŮ˵¡
ע÷÷Ŀ޺ûжϹ˶ûעӺ󷽱ƽҶ䣬ʳʿæŰʳӵһѣ˳ıӳΧ
ҶĽŲԽԽ죬еĳչҫ·ź⡣
OҶϾҪܵǼƦ͵һʶסСӵ۾
ҶĿƦϣֻһͷȻԼѾҪۏ˻ˮˣȻҪ˾
Ҷ˵˫ųڡק÷ȹ˾һһû֣ʮ滮ƿಡһХ
Ҷĵһ˲ݺݵĺģţѪ˲ӿǷ˼һͶ
ֻñһϮ˺ѷεʹ֮Ҳûʶ
ƦƺҲû뵽˾ȻҶǶ֣˻һק÷һֱۣûӦʲô
Ҷӵߵˣ飬Ҳֻø޹ѡ
Ҷĵ׼˵Ĳ˹ȥһ̣Ѫע
ҶҲѪûȥϵѪǿҲǸˡ
ǱƦƺҲҶĶɵˣΪץ÷ڵûγ
ҶմȾѪǲͣĵѪǱƦŵ˵ϣһߴ󺰴УһŲȥ
˰ӣЩʿɱץסץס
һߺһҪȥĳҶһֱ˵֡
Ҳһ˲䣬˵ɫۿɼıɷף߶µָҶ䣬㡭㾿˭ҶԹٱ֣
ҶֻĿˣ޸֮ͨն֣Ҳйٱ硣
˵꣬˷ӦһȥԵ˵ϡ
ҶΧʱ䰲ŻʳʿҲ쳣ƺǿԼͬ鱻ϮͬʱγĳҶͳ˹
ܳˣĶĳ飬ٱɱӽշŪ㲻ɣ
·
ҶȻҲ£Ȼˣûֻ뿴ûзӦҶΧЩ˸ͲǹٱҪҲֻǱˣֻʣˣһϡ
ʵԭҲʿǼˣһһ¶⣬ոҲڱЩ˱޴򵽵Ӵܡ
ܿϧҶĴ󺰲ûл˵ķҶε̾˿ʱ˻ҷЩ˿µÿܰȵĵϷ
Ҷ䱾ҲûָЩˣϲȨץԼС
Ӳı˶ѣĩöˣӭʿҶ䲻˷лͬһ˸䣬Ѿʿ֡
һʿӵҶļҶһյĲ½ǻ
˳һʿϥǣʿҽһڵأҶ䵶ɵһʿеĳͬߵķݣҶ˳ȥ
ͬʱһʿһϮֱָҶҪм佫Ҷ
ҶѸתᵲѵײ̶Ľײ
Ҷһ˳ŶԷĵ滬£ֱʿͬʱҶɵһһߵʿؿڴ
ʿæˣҶٶȸ죬滮Ѫ˲Ⱦ䡣
ʿʹһеĵڵأҵ֣
ҶûиϢĻᣬһŽ߷ڵأͬʱ˫յʿĲն˹ȥ
Ҳʱ򣬸ոҶߵĹڵصʿѾȻƵҶ
ҶĿԹͻȻ䣬͵شγһذףҶĺ󱳴ȥ
Ҷ佫ʿ˵ʱҶĲһ⣬ʶĲʿذ׼ΪҶ󱳵£Ʈɢ˳
ҶնתֱӼݵʿĲϡ
пʿ⣬Ķ˲佩ס亹˳Ŷͷ¡
ǱƦģͣĿ޺ţŮҴˣǲӰգҲɱˣкãŹҰɣһ·ҲˣҲˣ!
˿޵£ҶֻǵĿˣ˼ϲԼ󻼣㻹·ɡ
Ҷ˵仰ͬʱѾȥƬ֮ΧȫȻ
OԶҶ䰲Ȼһ
ոҶǼٱ򶷵ʱ򣬽OֻԼĶˣĵҶİΣֻԼҶһϣҶǳˣԼҲ
ڽ۾ϵɿСӸæȥҶǱߣȷҶ仹վţСҲ˿
ҶͦõģҲɲϣҶ㱻˵
Ҷȥ̱ڵϵ÷÷ȴʶֳȥ
Ҷֹֻʵ㻹𣿡
÷ڵϣң˺һŽ˽ࡣ߿Ҷ䣬ллл㡣
ҶҡҡͷҲȫΪ˾㡣
˵Ҳʵĩ̫࣬ÿһֻ֣Ȩףȷ¶ԼڱףҶŻȥû취飬Ǿȥˡ
֮Գ֣ǼƦ̫һ棬һ棬Ҷȷʵǿ⼸Ʀ
Ҷ¿ŮˣۣĻ£Ůһ󣬺Ѷһ˰ȫĵϱߡ
ǱµŮѾֽŲõԼߣԼʬĿ޺
Ҷȴǿ˸ոǼ˵ƥһƥҶɲЩƥˣϾոЩһûˣܰװװƥЩˣ⼸˵ƥ϶װʳĴӣҶҲϸȰ˵
ҶѾȥˣҶһƥһֻᵶƥƥȥ
ֻҪһƥ˶ʣµƥӵռﵱЩӵռ㲻ιϣҲܱԭеͲ䣬ֻܵôЩƥƾʧԲŻ⼸ƥȥ
ʱȣøϽȥOͽأҶţµĲǿ˼֡
ԶĽOȻҲҶĶһͻȻһֲԤӿͷҶƥ֮᲻Լ
ôţOæľϵĽ
СӻЩµʵ㣬ȥĶѽ
ȥҶ䡣O˵ű㱧Ž׷ȥΪոҶĶ̫ˣľϵĶû˸ȥ
Oһ·ϱŽײײ׷ȥֻãŽ׷һܲˡ


28 
ѾԶҶ, ֱӰƥ뵽ԼĿռʣһƥȥܽ׳Ҷ׼ȥ, 
ƥߵʱԶҵĽŲ, ǣ, ųļǰߡ
˼ʮ, ԶӰ֣ҶǽOͽ˿, æǣƥ˹ȥ
ôˣ
OͲȫǺ, һǱС۵, һŵ, ҶĶˡ
Ҷ䣬æСһС˹ȥվ֮󽪽OĶҶ, , ַûߡ
ҶŲµ˽Oģ彪OСЦЦ͵, ҲᶪԼߵģǵľ, øϽȥС
ܹҵˣO˵ͷ󱳵·ʪˡ
Ҷɫÿ, ĳӵ˵ϣִӽOӹС, Сȷŵ˵ϣȷԹԵһòã
áСرԹվﲻ
Ҷ߿򽪽OŽOֵɣȷ
ҲOһŵǧС㣬ûЩ¡
ûϵǣУ߿㡣
OҶô˵ֻýԼַŵҶϡ
ĽŲϣȥҶָָ˵
šO˫ץϵķ֣ҽŲϹȥҶŽO
ƥʵOȥ֮ûô
ȺͺãȥҶ俴򽪽O˵
O˵ͷԼЩ˼飬֪ոҶǣжżҵҶ֮ŵĲŷҲ˺ܶࡣ
Oü΢΢ȻϣڵʵǣҶߵʱŸоԼǰȫġ
Ҷ֮ǰôԴǣԼôô̵ʱڶҶأOֻ⼸ӻ·Ϸ̫£ҶҲȷʵɿ
һ룬һ߿Ҷ䡣
Ҷǿ˻ڵվŵСӣһѱСӣˡ
Ү!Сһû˶º˷ܣŵСȻſĵĻ˻Ρ
Ҷ佫Сӷŵ˽OǰСǰ棬㽪O
ãǵøϽˡ
ãҶ㣬档СһҶЦЦ
ôСĺӣÿȥҲ죬ոջµĲУΪÿġ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ̧򽪽OOڷһOǵˡ
OعֱСӣҶ˵ͷã߰ɡ
šҶѵϵĳһǣһųȥ
ĳϻմȾѪкüط˻ڣⶫƷҶȥҿǼʿϵ嵶Ҫãո˶ڿòҲ֪ȥˣǼѵڲˡ
ţҶӿ˽Ų
ϵСӵһޱȵ棬Сָµ㣬ˣˣ
OõķţǶˣԹá
áСһһĹɣֻ۾Ծɿȥģ˷ܵĲС
Ҷ֣߰߿ԶԼľúõĴԭأſǼʿ
ΧѾһЩˣЩʿߵʳӦҲˡ
ʲôҶΧѰ󶨸ʬϣոǸ˵Ů˴˿ɷߣŮ˵Ĳһϸϸ˿ڣԱ߻һȾѪĵ
Ҷ̾˿ֻŮЩϧҲŮ˵
ԭúõĺɷһӻģɷ򱻱ɱԼ㱻ˣûɷԼҲû־˲ŻԾ
ҶܰһΣܴδΰϾԼһ˱Oͽܳû취ٱһ޸֮ˡ
ҶһֱΪ׼ҲȱԼŻܼ°ˡ
ջߣƥһ·ǣصľҶС֣һ
áС˷ܾûأ档
˫ſԹԵҶ
Ҷ˫ִСϣһСһͱ
Сһŵ˵ϣҶȥOҷ
O˵ͷ˫ְƹ׼²ȣƥ̫ߣҽŻյģʱ͸еһᣬ˱˱Ƭ֮˫ֱƽƽȵİŵ˵ϡ
OЩʣҲ֪ڲǽЩʱҶҲΪá
ҶѽOСӰٺãְƥ˨ľĳϣſ򽪽O˵ȥո￴һ£ѵҿ˺üȱڣȥǼٱ嵶ûõģԹҡ
Oܾ⻰ֵֹģҲû˵ʲôҶ˵ͷ
Ҷųղŵķȥˣ·Ҷ䣬׷ױÿҶһ˶Ҳ֡
ҶȻǲô첽ǼƦʬȥѳڣһѱǸ÷Ůˣ÷ʬԱߣǰѵڸոյĴ򶷹бҶˣ֪
ҶԼѳ£İѵϸϸ鿴ѵĵҲľˣҶ䲻Ҫõĵ࣬ҶҽеһѺõյ˿ռѲ̫õĵ£ֻһѺõ
ѸٵĶȥǼٱϸϸѰһĲҪײҪ
ҶѵһЩЩƦϸǮӣҶҲûв鿴ֱӰЩǮȫ˻֮ǼʿѵѴŵʵذףɵţԼһС
ΪȷţģҶ仹רϵͳæɨһ£ȷܳԵţɣҶŰѶպá
ЩƦҶվϵĻҳתOСӵķȥ
OҶ˼΢΢ջʲôû˵
ҶҲҴţֱ˵ǼѾˣЩҲǱߣұֱûˣȷŵϰɡ
Ҷ˵ţǼѵĶȫòãŵľϡ
߿ƥӹ̶һľǰľǶֳҪںųС
Ҷ̾˿⣬ƥˣֳҲûˣٵûֳƥǰȵ
ҲǽʱֻȴպˣϢʱİ취
ţҶѾʼжľ˲ٵ˨Ϲ̶ãֽһ˨ľϡ
Oҷľ棬ҿܲľҶ俪ڵ
áOߵСӣԹվţϾͺá
šСһԹԵͷ
ҶǰǰߣľȻֻľֻһӣOںľƽ⣬ʵԾɺˡ
Ҷͣ£ſ򽪽OͽOû취ǵĳǶֵģֻȽã֮İ취
O˵ͷţôߣ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ڵɣǰںľƽ⡣
ô죿Oʵ
ǰľʰһ£ڳطҶ˸⣬°Ѽӵɶ״ѼӷŵΧ£мһСطùСӡ
С棬бӵţᱻ˦ȥܿıӣ൱һ׵ˡ
Ҷһһѱӹ̶ģȻСӱ˽ȥ
Сûô嶼ӵסˣܶıӣСһ൱ҶֵĿģҶ㡣
ҶСЦЦͺãԹţҪˡ
šС൱ĿıӣҶ俴˶Ľ
ǽOЩ޴ĽҶһҶ䡣
ţôˣҶ俴˹ȥ̧ʵ
ҲǣOŸߴƥﻹЩ
Ҷ˹ȥЦЦƥѱܼ򵥣ٶȾͺã׵ģԡ
OŽɵĵ˵ͷš
Щŵǣǰߣ൱ŽO
Ҷȵķľֹľ
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶЦЦܺãմ·ķһֱ߾ͺá
šO˵ͷ
·Ҷʡ˲ľƽףҲ̫ҶҲܱ
OǰҲɣƥûеѡ
ţO˲ԾҶ䵱ʱƥƥôȥҶʱֻҶ߸һƥأʣµƥȥ
ո̫СһôԶֺۣ˺һ㣬룬OúܲԾ
ҶĸоǵϸҶȻ࣬鶼ܿףû׵ƥŪƥֻڲ˵ʱ򣬽Oɻ󲻱
˵ЩˣټϸոսЩ˷˲ٵʱ䣬ʱûͣϢһֱδʱ2㣩Ҷں溰ͣ΢ЪЪȻߡ
Oƥͣ£ҶҲСӴӳϱһ·ϣСڱ˯˺ü
ȳԵ㶫ߡҶ˵ţСӵԴһѡ
СӹԹԵͷá
OҲ˹߿Ҷ䣬ҶȹϻմȾѪ¸ǱˣողſǸƿڣOüĸ㱳𣿡
Ҷ͵ûУذ׻Ƶģֻ£ġ
OƳҶһۣСڵ㡣
ȷʵҲڵҶ䣬ǺҶڰһֻҶ䰲ȫòܰȫOòעҶ䡣
룬滹Ǽһ䣬ԺôΣյˣ·ϵĲƽ̫ܹ࣬ܵùġ
ҶЦų˵ͷ֪ղȥҲȨײųȥģҪһƥȻƳ̫ˡ
Ҷһ˵ţһ߰ѴǼѵ˸ţ˳
򿪸һӷֳݣְţƽ̯粻Ӫˣպһڣٺú
šO˵ͷɵЩԥȷܳԣ
ҶȻ׽Oڹʲô˵ͷһ飬ҧһڣţӦȾƲŷɵģ֮ζͦġ
Ҷɲſڵĳԣţɣζͦġ
ҶԵͦ㣬OǲŴˣСҲһɡ
СһҲˣһţɣôڴڵĳ
ҶԼҲĿڸкһ㣬ӲģȱʳģзӾͲˣҲû취̫ࡣ
OҲһһǧС㣬ĶԹôӲȥɤӣҲֻܾˮӲȥԱ֮ȷʵҶ˵һţɷٳһЩ
·߳Էʵͦ۵ģټƥ͸ˣǸ϶ʶҶ֣Ҳû˸ǰǡ
Ҷ͹˼ȪˮɤӣСһԵķѾҶЦŶҪҪȵˮ
ҪСһӸɵʲȥأԹԴյҶҶιˮ
ҶСĵİˮιСӣСһ˼ڣСӲŰţɳ¡
ǿ緹Ҷ°Сһﱧص˳ϣ󽪽Oǣںһ·ȥ
磬Ҷһʱɫ㰵;·һҶǱںߵһŴͣ
ҶҪõã㿪ʼ׼ˡ
OǼ֦Ҷ鿴һ¿ռĶײ˲Ÿոȥڻܳԣ֮ǰŵǵĽء
кҶܽԼǴĶŪ㣬ôţ¶Ц⡣
Ҷȴľһװʢףʢ֮Ҷ˺«չߵ˽OOѾѻˡ
ǽףЩ׷ԣڲȥңȥȥͻءҶ˵
O˿Զĺ棬Щġ
ҶҪOס䣬ˣ׷ѾܺˣţɲǻһЩ𣿳ЩͺˣȥץˣǱ̫ڣ̫Σˡ
Ҷ߿˽OץԼϣ䣬߿˽Oû£һСĵģң´Ҿͺá
O򴽰꣬Ҷ仹ЦﾹȻ˼ƣO֣ҶһۣԼЩ
šҶЦЦЦſСӣȥץԡ
Үϲ㣬ҶСӻǵϴڼ㣬ŴŴģɺóˣ׷Ҳܺóԣϲ
ҶСһϲֳСһգգ۾ԹԵų㣬һͻ
ãҶͣҹԹԵšС˷ܵ˵˵Ż˿Լҽ㣬ȻͼԼҽûôġ
OСӿĵڱϱεҡҡͷúҶҲ˼һ˵һţǺôڣ׵㣬Ҷộô̵ܻҲСӻ
㣬Ҷȥ̴ˣôİСӴ˹˲佪Oĸ첲ʵ
Oε˵̴̵ô
Сӵ˵ͷһţҶ⼸˵Ļģ϶̵㣡
O̾˿÷ܵĵ˵ͷҲô£ܹڻܸһһд׷ҲҲˡ
СӼͷˣȷҶ̵㣬˷ܵıűӿԶԹԵĵҶ
OʧЦҡҡͷÿǵȲˡ
ԼָҶ̻شOֻϣҶˣɽҰģˣǲż֡
ҶװģųߵһŰߣһ֦֦һͷ׼һװá
ӱߵʱвٵƺӺ⼸㲻˺ʱҲûн˶˹߹е˻˻ѷŵһ
Ҷǵϣǿռ㣬ҶŲù


29 
ҶֱӴӿռĽصĴ, ֱڿռ
ó㶼ѾˣҶøõסװԼմӺ̳, ЩŲߡ
̫ڣû, ں߰, Ҷɴȥ
OǱѾ׷, ԶӰԼߣһͿˡ
Ҷˣﻹ, , ƺµˮ
O, 汻Ҷץˣ
ߵСһҲҶ, ĵıҮҶץˡ
OһۣεЦЦ, СӾô㡣
ҶѾ˹, Oһľ㻹ûء
, áOһֱڿ㣬㿴ȥͺܴ, OЩţϾӱôڣͲץ, Ҷ仹һץҲ̫˰ɣ
Oľϰ, ̲סʵôץģôڣܲ嵽㣿
Ҷ۾ɵתתڵȽϺðɣЩϸڣеĳԾ͹ˡ
˵ʱСȲܵҶߣش˴ûã񾭷Ӧڣ˳鴤Ŷ£Сһ
СһҶ˶㣬˷ܵ˵Ҷˣ
Ҷ俴˿Сӣü΢䣬ţԹԵһһܺˡ
ҮϲҶˡСһкóԵģҶ߲˲
OǸĵģҲɵ˼֣ҲǣԼ಻ţҶȷʵǰˣʵ⿿Ļñ˵ǳˣ׷Բϡ
ߵҶߣˡ
ҶЦЦ࣬ԼҲóԣϢһҰ㴦һ¡
šO˵ͷϲ࣬Ҳûгǿ
Ҷ㣬ӽľһ㶯ؿʼۺ࣬£ʣµһȫӵһҲͬĴʽ
СܵOߣ䣬Сʵ㣬Ҷʲôᣡ
Oͷ۾˵ͷǰȷʵ
Ұһ飬Ҷȷʵˣһ㽪OҲϡ
СӿĵЦıܵҶߣһԿ㡣
ҶҲûиϵĶż䣺㿴ҪΣȻŪõǡ
СصͷȻСֻﲻæԾɿýζͺѧһ
Ҷ䲻һذ׽㶼ˡ
Oҵˮϴһ⡣Ҷմ㣬һζ˸ɴýOæ
áOӦһæľһˮ«
Ošˮľ
Ҷˮϴ˵һ飬ľˮ˵ɫϴһ֮ýOһ«ϴڶ飬ռȪˮòģôöۡ
Oǰźߣˮܷ㣬Ҳûнʡˮڶ«ˮҲľҶֳϴһ飬ȷɾˣŽľˮ
ϴɾ֮Ҷذ׼λã˳һζá
ȥ´ˮO˵žҪȥߴˮ
ȵȣˣǱ̫˲ȫһȥɡҶŲҪЩûˮҰˮһʻȻҪ«Ȫˮ
O˿ĺߣǳҶ˵ͷǺá
º«һԣҶкȻӿһɸӵ
֣ԼƺԽԽҶˡˣȴһһεرǣΪԼİȫ룬Ҷ䵽ôأ
ҶѾһɾĳ֦еһ㴩֦ϣ׼һųԡ
̧ͼOڿʵôˣж
OջߣҡҡͷûС
Ҷ˵ˣҲûжʣ֦бŲ嵽˻ԣܱ֤ԭķζҲ῾ֻҪʱ΢һЩ
㶨һ㣬Ҷְ˳סҰ⣬䣬ܺһǿ̫ˣֻǲ֪ûдн᲻еȡ
ϵͳ֪ҶĹǣҶԺѵ׷ģȪֳģûôศζҲȣ׿Էʳá
Ҷһ⻰ˣһгɼΣͣŵ͹壬һƮɢ˳
Ҷﵹˮ̰ɫ֭ˣҶ˵ζϣһҾȥȣǵˡ
СӶڻԣֻС°ͣ۾ֱˡ
۾һ㣬һȥ·´κһϸڡСӵıǼ΢΢鶯ſʱʱһ¿ˮ﷢˹ˡȻǲòС
Ҷ㣬ʲôʱܺѽСڻ̲סˣС۰Ͱ͵ؿҶ䣬һ˿С
ҶľŹԵͷһۣ΢΢ٵһûãһζ
СˣЩʧءŶһ۾᲻뿪ǹð
ֻ۾ڿ֮л·ھȳԿ㻹Ⱥ
OһԣǸèƵģ̲סЦСӵԴ˵𼱣ˣ㴵ٺȣòã
С˵ͷ۾ֱضŹ·Ƶġ
ҶҲСèЦˣָ֦ϵĿ㷭˸Ź졣
ӦûһˡҶҲЩˣҲһա
ŷȺСһ˵
ҶͽOСӸЦˣôһСһߣͦȤġ
ΧкüסڸߵǶĽˣҶֵû˸ҹȥҲʹ졣
Щȥȴǿֶ飬ֻģϾ򾶼ֱӱˣЩ˸ҲûǲѶȿɾʹˡ
ҶʱԶ߹ˣɫ̫Ҳ̫С
OæסҶѵҶ䣬˳ˡ
Ҷ߲ڵϵĳ𣬡ãҿˡ
ֱָЩ˵ķ򣬡˭ٸҿҲ
ǼѾ뵽ҶҰУܶ˶ҹä֢ҶǴˣﲢȱάAûë
Ǽеһ˱˳ǸԼʮŮˣҶĳһֱ̱˵ϡ
ᣬûл˼˺ǡǸ˶µ
ǹҶ䲢ûзɾ裬ԾָǼˡ
кãЩܸܲǣǸ˼
Ҷü΢ЩҪЩӦЩѣźò㡣
Ҷ˵ͷڵ⵹ԣȥøӹҰЩŪǡ
ǸҶͬˣϲЦտһһľ
ҶԾɾĿڵǰľм䣬Ȼ˻ȥߡ
ããȥ˴ߴˡ
˿ҶĵҲܺ£ҪĿˣҲҹҶҪࡣ
սսߵмλãľ֮ȾܣܵҶ֡
Ҷŵ˹ȥмľߣߵ˸ոĵط֦ϵľţŪˣҶְľ˻ȥ
˻صԭλŶԶǹȥðɣ˸Ͻ뿪ٿͻȻ
ããлл˹ղǸæлҶѣҲҹȥˡ
ȥˣӦ
ҶҲЩˣתȥͼ̰ɫˡ
ҶľʢһЩյ߳˳ζ㣬ҪһûУرúȡ
С۾ֱˣС죬չȥҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ú𣿡
Ҷ䴹Сèһۣü΢䣬СӵרСһʢһЩһСľҨһСᴵ˴ݵСߣС̡
СȲشչȥСغһڣʱ۾һúȣ㰡
ţȺȼůůӣһŪ⡣Ҷ˵ţӸСһι
O߿ˣ͵͵Ҷ䣬Ҷɫ٣չãôأ֮ǰҶôǡ
OôôΥ֮ͣǰôƾճֵģƥôֻʣһƥˣǰҶ̫ܣ²͸ҶʲôҵǣҶûʲô⡣
OҲûбİ취ŵϷҶ䣬ϣǴҶȷʵȫܶࡣ
ҶڸСι̧ͼOҶ彪OЦЦڵʲôԼʢȰ
šOæعôʢһ󽫴ߺһڣζҲȣOζЩޡ
ҶѾιСӺһ㸹ϴٵһ⣬ĵĽĴȫ޳ɾСݸ˽Oټһ¿ûд̡
šOӹּһ飬ȷụ̂ľʢ˰ݸСӡ
СӹԹڱϣôÿӣӻǻõġ
СһֶԼС룬ӳ⣬Եıˡ
ҶԼҲʢһһ⣬ڻغ
ܺúȣԵҲۣζԵĳԳͨ
Ҷһָ֮Լʢһ׷СһҲˣҶСһ룬Сһʢ˰׷ʢһ
СӹԹֽӹллҶ㡣
лԹԳԣЪһпԡҶЦЦ˵
ŷСӹԹԵͷʢݷ
Ҷְ֮ͷˣֺһͣ¡
OҲһһ⣬һ˰׷
СӺһ£СӣڽOС˵㣬ĵһ졣
OСһķЦҿÿ춼ͦĵġ
ٺ~СһO
ٷ˶Եر㣬ֻﻹʣ˰û꣬׷Ҳʣ˰
O˿ûķ㣬ʱǲǹе̫ݳˣ˶ԲȻʣ·
Ҷ䣬Щͷ統緹ɡOڵ
ţԣһԲĿԷŵһųԡҶ൱ãæµһˣǳһķ
ֹ˽ʱ涼ĽƣڼҶˢ˼ͣ㷭˺ü档
ſˣ㽫֦
ƤѾýִ࣬֬ڱ΢΢Ź⣬ɢ˵
СſԼСӣܻһЩҪǿζ̫ˣ̲ˣ
ҶȻҲע⵽СһĶЦճ˲ˣһһζͺãٶ˺òã
СӹɵͷţҾͳζ
Ҷϣ˽OͼOҲڶЦ
ҶƬ̣뿴OЦǲףò˵OŮЦӸÿˡ
ҶҲǿ۾ջߣͽOøжȣԼ࿴OۣñOɧţʵŰɡ
ҶվɸСһŪһ㸹⣬󽫴޳ɾýOһ飬һŵССһԵ۾
ζͬƤģȴֿڸײһ𣬱óˡ
Ҷ佫һ㸹ϵݸ˽Oɡ
Oͷӹ⣬ʵѾˣ⿾̫ˣOҲ㳢һȻϲζ
ҶԼҲһ⣬ȷʵ㣬ʣµҲԲˣҶ߿򽪽OʵҪ𣿡
Oҡҡͷˡ
ţҰʣµŵˣһųԡҶ˵ͣѿʣµŪŵ
ľʵĹǸǺãְһչҲʣµ׷統緹ԡ
СӳԱ˷ĵ˯ţҲҶڻѱϿ
ҶѸ֦˽ȥѻյġ
СӿڽOСȰȸͣðҪԺÿ춼ܳͺˡ
ҶʧЦĿСӣôСһﻹǸʳãԺŬȡϺóԵòã
ҮҶģҵ⣬ܴ򻵻С˷ܵ־Сȭͷ
OְסõСȭͷЦҰ⣬ÿնܳ⣬Ҳ̫ΪҶˡ
ҲǣҶ̫ˡСӿͰ͵գգ۾
ҶЦΪѣҾ
ҪÿŪЩ⣬ǵOСһôһúŪԼ˵ʲôСһʲôҪǽOúŪӦͻԼЩǴĶŪˡ
ҶҲû취ÿζǶŽOɵĿӲ˹ȥ-130ĺøжȣҶɲҰԼܸ߽O
«ûˮˣҶ˺«װȥߴˮʵϵ˺֮ҶȪˮ«
ȥʰʱ򣬽OһҶ䣬Ϣɣʣµϴ
ҶҲȷʵˣ彪O˵ͷ¼ǵõһʱҡ
OͷӦ¡
Ҷɽ׼۵ʱ򣬽O߿Ҷ䣬ƵˣҼǵʱƥ֣ôֻʣһƥˣأ


30 
Ҷ, ΢΢һ㶣漴۾ĿЩ˸
ĬƬ, øO
OҲߴ٣ֻǾؿ, дһ˿̽
Ҷ, һ, ҽ֮һʱûסʧ֣༸ƥȫˡ
OҶ, 𣿡
, Һûʣһƥ, ȻһüľҶЦŽ͵
O̾˿, ҶβӣԼҲ˵ЩҲҶƾ¸㵽ֵ, OԼҲûʸʡ
˵ͷ, ţ֪ˣЩϢɡ
áҶӦһ, æԼ˱ԼԼոյĽͺܳ, û취ܲĸ߽O࣬ϾOĺøжô, һǵϱߣOҵ˻ؾǵķ, һˡ
ôţҶ˶˱ӡ
һҹ÷ƽ˾Ҷҹ潪OҹһֱˣҶŰˣչ׷һųԡ
ݷˣҶŰѽOСӽϴ󣬾ͳڵࡣ
˳緹ͼ·ˣȫӻģ⼸ʵҲû߳ԶƥҶ䵹ǲˡ
һ·ϣӻĵǶܳĬƺһ·ıѾķȫҶҲһȻƳˣÿҪôԶ·Ǹ˶ۡ
ҶѾûϴˣζҰҲû취ϴ裬ֻš
Ϊ緹˲٣ʱҶֻͣ³˵·ˡ
OǰǣֻоŲԽԽأͷϵĺ鲻ܿƵĴ໬䣬Ҳģ
Ϊ֮ǰԲʳһֱ¶һֱûеOҲûȥ£ôô¶ڿҪˣ
OŲȻһ٣ɫ˲òҰףڻڴ·ϣǰкܶ࣬Լ¶ڣйĻ롣
OԽԽƣҲЩģ壬Χľ·һ㱡ߴ˵ͷ۵޷˼
ҧһԼ⣬ʹĸо΢һЩ
УO૵
Oָ߬ס½ǣָס
ͼǰУ˫ȴǦһأÿһ·޻ϣ鸡Ҳʹ
Ҷ˽OͣˣʵOôˣǲ𣿡
OûлشЩԾҶ߿СӣȹԹԴţȥôˡ
ŷСһﶼ˯ˣ磬̫ء
Ҷæ첽ߵǰ棬߹ȥ֮Ϳ˽OɫҰ׵վࡢȫϸܵĺ飬Ǵˮ̳һ
Ҷʵôˣôôĺ
O̧ͷҰģֻܿҶ
Щһ˿ңҶ䣬ңҺ¶Ҫˡ
˵⻰Oҧס´ҲҶģ˿̵òҶ䡣
Ҷԣüͷ
ǰȺܼûпԶܵĵط
ҶǵҸεĵط
Oѵص˵ͷ΢߲ˡ
˵ѾŲŲˡ
ҶûԥַסOֱۣ뱧ڻĶɴ䣬£ҷߡ
Ҷ俴˿ȾһĨ֮ɫȣĳǶֵģ˷ŲŲᷭ˺ͳֻܹһ
Ҷ˾ѽO·ߵһôԣŴ£ܳŵסϾͻ
OȴʶץסҶ½󣬡ȥĶ
˵ƽʱ˼ȣƺŰ
ҰϾͻ㡣Ҷ䰲һ䣬ְǿ˽Oץ½ֻ֡
OǿֱۣĪЩί¶ڵǲȶܿһСҲƷ
ڵĽOֻҶ䣬ҶȴôţôţOરવĵ
ҶѾѸ˹Сӱ˽OߣҶٵţԹԴߣĶҲȥϾͻ
áСһӦһ䣬Լҽ㣬ڿޣСһﵣĻˡ
㣬ôˣСһһ͵͵Ĩᣬһʵ
OѾ˵ˣµģѾ˱ıԵСһ˵ʲô
ҶҲܴæľƥжľƵ˽OԼǣȥˡ
ߵĶһЩ˵ע⣬ѡǣϾһ·̫ˣֱ̱ȥ˶УҪ˵ˣ˶ѾľˣԼܲˣҪ˵˵ˡ
Ҷֻ˺ܶһ·òӰڱǵߣֱӰƥյ˿ռ
ƥִҴ˳ȥOҶO˫ĿıһһľһߵOٵһ£Ϲ
ľϻвǵʣµĻǾµĺãҶվľ΢һ·ľյ˿ռ
첽˳ȥͼOѾ˫Ŀգ߻һɵһǶŵӦǽOζ
Ҷ֪ЩæԼĸҩ˺£ƵİڽOΧǹһйȥ
һѱ˽OߵСһ㲻ǵҸطúϢԹԸҺòã
СӵĵĿ˿OͷĸҶߣСץסҶ½ǣﲻ˽æֻϣԼ鷳
Ҷ˼Сһߵ˷ŻԼٶȣѾ߽һ·ҶǶ¡
ҶԸܵĽO¶ڲߣ˿̵ĽOѾûʶֻǱܵİͷҶĲȥƺҪƵζԴûֻҶҲ䡣
Ҷһ߽ųŽOһ߲ͣߣߵһǰµһ֣һǶ͵ɽڣɽǲһȻγɵĶѨǶѨĿҲʮƽ״С㹻ˡ
¶ͨҪüܽҶҪһĵطţߵСӵԹԴһĶҪȥȽȥ
áСһĨһϵĺ˺Զ·ʵѾˣΪĽ㣬Сһ·һû˵һۡ
Ҷ俴˿СһǺӣˡ
ѽOŵɽĴԣýOŴ
ҶҪϲŵֱȴͻȻսOֱû˵սҲֻǹҶĺ󾱶ѡ
Oĺٶȣ΢ü塰ҡ
OʶѾģˣֻƾ豾˫ۺҵĹҶĲҶ䲱ҪҶõ㡣
Ҷ䱧ŽOץһ·ϡͱʪˣ˿:ټһ£Ͼͺá
Ҷдһ˿ѵõᣬһƣֽԼϵֱ۰ǿˡ
СڿԼҶٵú㣬ϻ
áС۾˵ſǻ
ôܣԼҲŰરવĵᣬ㣬ôˣ
Ȼ˿̵ĽOʣû취ش⣬ֻ߽O彪˵ʲô
ҶѾųɽˣСֺúŪҲ̫ʲô
Ҷ佫ɽ鿴һ飬ȷûһĶԷġ
ӿռɨҴҽɽĵһЩʯණȥ
ڵޱżҴҵ˳ȥ
ҶȥͼСվڽO͵͵Ĩᣬæȥʵô
Ҷ㣬ȾȽ㣬ܡСһһ߿һĨᣬͰ͵ġ
ҶСӵԴһ£ٵıѾԵĽO
áСӹԹСȸҶ
Ҷ䱧ŽOɽ󽫽Oŵһ̺õıϣһӽOסתȥСӡ
ͼԭúõһСӣһĺԭСϻӡͷͷҲģصСһڵᡣ
ҶȥοСӣޣϾûˣԼԹߴһϱӱˡ
Ҷ˵ţСӱһ̺õıϣҶְ׼õһӸСӸǺãСһ
Щ»ص˽OߣOշ죬˶΢Ķ
Ҷһ£ٵĴϵͳ壬ʵ09ʣµĺøжȶһƼ𣿡
ԵףˢµģܶһƷûƼϵͳЩƤҶˡ
ˣԱˡҶԺҧ
˿ڷĽOҶһŰѽOƵһߣ¶ŸҩҲಱ
Ҷ˱۾һģOĺøжȺòǵ-130ԼһȥøжȻ᲻ֱӱ-200
ҶЩûף֮ڱ뽫λ֮Ůĺøжˢ100ԭرС
Ҷ̾˿ֻԼԭرֽһǰŮԼܲȡ
һᣬֽҿ˸ڽOڴĸҩһǵصĳϯ˹
Ҷ˫Ŀݵʧ屻ǬԪıʹĺü٣·һŻȼգȵϢҪɴ
ĿڽOĲϣɢŨһ㣬·ҧȥ
ҶʶЩ㱣ԼĴʹһѣҵʹ˲˹˼Ҳ
OζţһǴĳħҶ޷ܡողһƾ豾ֱҧȥˣҶԼؿڣգҪǺͽOˣԼˡ
ҧԼ´ԼǣͬʱԼζ嵭ŨŨһ㡣
ò˵¶ζţһζ𣬶ҶϲǬԪжΪȫޣҲ̫Ұˡ
ҶһŬƽԼ֪ҪǱ侲ñռϷ硣
Ҷͷ˿OɫȻ죬٣Ȼ¶ڵʹԼŵϢ𵽵ò
㻹𣿽OܴܲҺܱܲҺøжȣҶš
ȻЩOȻģ˿̵ֻ˶챻ջˣһµζƫƫץסζOᶼˡ
Ҷ̾˿ֻһֳڽO࣬սOϸ۵Ĳ
һսһ뵽˱ǿУҶҧ´꣬Լɥʧǡ
ζ̫̫ˣҶ仹̲סֱܵĳ嶯ֻŴϵ⣬ʹ£Լǡ
ԽԽʧȥƿأҶһԼһſҧȥ
һҧȥһǵصĳҶĿǻҪһֱԼѾɥʧǡ
ȡȣۡO϶ģƾűץҶi
Ҷ䲻ҵѸٵĽԼ˹ȥƵζкһOֻоԼбĶע뵽
ֱյĸоһЩ֮ЩOֱʶĹסҶĺ󾱡
OһһʶȥҶ䡣
Ҷ䱾̵࣬ڶѾˣѸٵĳ˿ҲɿԼĴȡ
ȷȾԱԼˡ
Ҷ֮Ѹٵܳɽ⣬̰Ŀ˺һŻصɽ
ҶĩʱҲûǹˣҲǵһΣ˿Oһ𣬱ֶ˹ȥ
OôˣõûҶ˵ţOĶͷֻһƬ̡
ôôȣҶûиǣ֪¶ڳҪ֮⣬Ҫܵĸο󣬲ҧһô򵥡
ҶҪѴڽOջصʱ򣬽OʶץסҶֲߡ
OһЩԾҵһŽԼʶ
OֻʶץҶԼ࣬ʱʱȥҶֽ֣ƽʱǱ˸һġ
O˵Ļ϶ģҶȴһֱûɿ
Ҷֻȱ㣬ԼڽOΧⲻ֪Լˣǻһġ
ҶţOǾһЩԴȴԽԽΣһץҶһֻ࣬һֻȥҶ塣
ܣܡ¶ڵ󼴱ǺǬԪҲἫȵǬԪǺǬԪһҲܼϵĲʡ
Ҷ䱻Ūûа취ҲǣҲǡ
OüĽһ˫ÿ۾ţ´꼸ҪҧѪ
ҶЩģ˼Ƭ̣̾˿OԼԼͽOǺ˱ӡҲҧ˽Oһڣٱһ£ӦҲ㡣
Ҷû£ýO
ԸܵOƺܸһЩҶ㱧˽O
СӰűӣֻ۾һ˲˲ĶҶԼҽ㣬ЩҶոնԼҽʲôߣֻҶſҧ˽һڣȻ㻹ץҶ
СֻԼССԴˣЩ񳬸ˣ㲻ڸ
ҶԼҲСӣ뿪ںСһͣ뻹ǱˣСĶʲô¶ڣҶСӴ۶Сۣ˭Ҳû˵


31 
СӼҶ䲻˵, ɻˡ
Դ̲סڣҶ㣬ոΪʲôҪҧѽ
ҶǶ𣿿ǶҲܳԽ㰡Сһ, һȥԼССץҲ벻⵽Ϊʲô
Ҷ䱻ʵһ, һʱ䲻֪λش
Ҷ俴˿ĽO, ۾, Ѿƽֻ࣬ʶûлȻܰ͡
ֻӲͷƤ, ü򵥵Խ͵ղЩ, ڰ, ǹҪҧ
Сգգ۾, ȻͲȫ⡣
׷ʣǽΪʲôҪץأƽʱġ
Ҷ䱻ʵЩͷۣﰵ²ۣǣСôôѺŪ
, ɴתƻ⣺, ҸõţɳԺòã
СһгԵģ۾ʱ˸ղŵ⣺ѽѽϲţɡ
Ҷﰵ˿, O￿ţҶһֱֻO߬, ֻסֵıƾնһţ
մЩģʣһЩ, ڵֱСˡ
Ҷſڵ, Լһ£벻ҡ
ŷСһ￴ţɣֻ۾ڷ⡣
ӱ˳Сȿ첽ҶߣҶְţɵݸСһ
СӽӹţɣòĵлллҶ㡣
ҶŽЦ˼æԼԣٶˡ
ŷõ˺óԵģСһһܻصԼı¸űӳţ
жԣСһͰ֮ǰˣֻԼţɡ
Ҷ˿СèúóԵĵţȻԼôͽO¡
˿OͼԾȫǺˮͷһЩOڣֹ˺һOƺ˯˹ȥ
ҶŰԼִӽOߣΣǳɹˣѽOŵ˱ǺñӣԼ
ҶһͼСԼҶСһεЦЦԹԴţȥǵƥľĶȥú㡣
šСһһĵͷ
Ҷ룬ɽ̫䣬ǳȥȼһЩ֦ÿռĻʯ𵶰ѻš
֦ӽ˻ûŵģŶСһԹԴţѣȥǵľŪˣȻûóˡ
ŷҹԹԵġСһһɵĻص
Ҷŷ뿪ʵҲû߶ԶҲװװӣСǺúŪƾձһƥһľǻ̫һ㡣
ҶȴԶľһֱľɽ뿪װȥƥʵЩ֦ϾO¶ҲҪղܶȹռľżðɣܼȼá
һߣOϢһ֮תѣϻǺʹͷȴѾˡ
Oǿ˫ֳų壬߹۲ܣǽ
ǵԼ·ϵʱ¶ͻȻˣ֮ͷǣû·֮Ҷѯ״֮ͼǲˡ
ĶOܣԼһɽԱߵһѻ˲öﺮ䣬ԼԼСӡ
СһOˣ¶˷ܵɫƿӣС˽Oߡ
㣬û˰ɣŻˡСһ߳ŽһСŽ㡣
Oûڣʱ˲٣ֻǶôҶأ
ţOʵҶأ
Ҷ˵ȥƥˣһͻСӹԹԻص
O˵ͷԾЩģֱľҲɽ΢һЩǵʲôĶľϣҶҪߣҲӦðľ߲Ŷԡ
O˼ЩԼոԼѾ¶ڣûܿ¶ڵҩ裬ԼôѹǹѰĸоأ
ڽOЩʱԼƺζҲֻԼ·ϺҲմȾǹζ
Oæֱϵ·յᣬƵԡ
Ȼ˹ȵףҶζҶѾԼ
O룬һ˫ӱҪѪԼڣOֶڷָⴥڵһ̣Ҳ˳һ
ԵЩס̣ƽǰġ
OȥᣬִյԼıǼᣬһŨζӿ˹
˫ۣ˶ڲҶǻ쵰Ȼ£µǣԼȻƵζǬԪ֮ıܷӦ
OңıǬԪ֧ҲǱ֧
ԼϵζôأҶ䲻ǺԼԼطܶҶˣôţOϵˮֹֹס
СӲ֪ΪʲôޣǵĻˣչȥѯʣ㣬ôˣǲǻȥҶ
OæסСӣȥû¡
˼ŬԼƽʱԼڴ·¶ڣҶǲĻԼǬԪɥʧǣողˣҶֻǶԼζʱԶʧ
ôأ
ɼOҲ߷δǬԪ׽ô˵ҶԼȻѾԼм֮ˣôţOеԽԽࡣ
㡣СӼ޵ģҲһأôˣ
Oҧס´꣬˲Լϵᣬ߿СӣΨһϣľûԼҶĻ棬ʲôϡ
O˱۾ָʶ߬˱ǣָΪ̫΢΢ס
һĬĬ˰ΣſڵʵңûпҶ䶼ʲô
СӲ˲Լᣬ̧Сһ޹ؿԼҽ㡣
Сӵ۾Ϊոտ޹ͮͮģȴ峺ס
ŽOԹԵ˵ͷȷѽ
Oõͷɫ˲ò԰סҧ´ȴǴһϣҶûɥĲ̶ֳȣµʱӦòÿɣ
OЩʵԹԵĸң㶼ʲôòã
СӳŽOɵĵ˵ͷŴŴģǣҶոҧһڣȻ㻹ץֲţȥҶ֣ںҶ
СץץԼСЩʵ㣬ҶΪʲôҪҧѽ
OԺһƬңнǵϣҲ׻顣
ҧ´꼸ҪҧѪҶǻ쵰ԶĻҪɥĲԼҲˣΪʲôҪ棿


32 
OҶ߷, Ķܻشõ⣿
ۿŽOĺԽԽ٣ͿҪʹȥҶ䱧һ֦ˡ
OѾ, ˿ˣоôˣ
OĶҶ, ۿﻬ
Ҷ״, ľ, ǣOòԼ˰ɣ
һ̣Ҷյϵͳ09ʾ, źĸ, ŮOøж-70, ǰŮøж-200
Ҷֻ춼, ŬŬŬˣæ»֦첽ܵ˽Oߡ
Oָ߬ס, Ϊ, ֱϷ
ղŶʲôOǺġ
Ҷʶһ£Ͻ͵ᣬֻѹ¶, ʲôû, һֱء
ὪãҶһὪOۿеˮ, 㻹Ҷ䣬֪֪߳ܶôд
, 𼱣ⲻ֤𣿡
Ҷ˵ţֿߵСӣϣϣС˵乫ǲʲôû
СӶˣգգ۾˿Ҷ䣬ֿ˿Oһʱ䲻֪ôش
˳ҶĻ˵ͷȻָϽҡҡͷСǾᡣ
ԣԣҶ㣬ҧ˽㡣Сһ˵ûŪҶΪʲôҪҧһء
Ҷ⻰ޣ˷ͷа԰Сһôؼʱ̵Ӱ
һ̣ϵͳĲٴ𣬡ף˼ŷŮOøж-50ǰŮøж-250
ҶһιȥھԼøжȵֵޱȵС
OСӵĻеˮֹסˡһ˿ʣǷߺޣҶ䣬㻹ʲô˵ģˣ㻹Ʊ磿
һҶŽOЦǣOĵңʱͻȻһεˣֻȱԶȺҵôѨʱ˶յҲûп¶ڵҩ裬ܲסֻȺ˶ģľҧһڣɹȥ֮Ҿʲôûˡ
СվҶһĸŵ˵ͷԶԶԣ
O˫һСһֿۣҶ䣬㵱ֻҽ˶һû𣿡
ҶͷģһԿֻ֤ΪϵĲʣŰڻģ㿿ңʲôû
Сӿ֮ԽԽţС󣬽ôˣҧһڵʲô˼ǶôţСһ㲻ֿʼ־ԼͷС
ΣСʲôO䣬С㣬Ҷû۸㡣ֻҧһڣȻץ֣
OСӵĻһ顣
ͷСӣᵫһ˿Σ㻹СЩҺҶ֮飬㲻ùܡ
СƶǶص˵ͷȻɻ˿Ҷ䣬ֿ˿Լҽ㣬СֹҶû۸ѽ
ҶСӵĻһ
æץסᣬԽO˵O˵Ķģ֪㲻ԸҽҲֻ뵽취ȹ¶ڣģҾû㣬ڲԺҲᣬľǵ㡣
Ҷһϣ˵ҲʵһĩģͿʲô鰮ģЩҲȤֻúûŶѡ
O΢΢ͷȻȫˣȴֻ˵ҶҧԼǴʾҶֻǺԼ˶ɽOȴԾɹԼǵ
ԼھȻıҶˣԼڻҶζOֻ룬ûĲʡ
΢΢OһŬԼƽһЩԼҲȥϢɡ
O˵ƣȥԼ˶˱ٶ˵һ仰
Ҷ죬ٽͼ䣬OǸƣӣջǵ˵ͷãϢҺˣ½Ҿͺá
Ҷ˵ųСգգۣʾСӻԼȥ
СһûлԼıǹԹԸҶ䵽˻ԣһĿҶѼ֦
OԼ˱۾
˸ӵȸеЩܡ֪Ҷ˵ĻģȻԼոʧȥʶʱҶԺԼʽԼΪĸƷҶ䲢ûô
ǾԼԼڴ·й¶㣬ǲ֪ҪٵǬԪ죬ɼҶڡ
ͬʱҶڻԣԼ-250ĺøжȣҲһΡ
˿ߵСӣЦղſɲ˵æ
Сգգ۾һ޹Ҷ㣬˵ʲô𣿡
Ҷ̾˿СӵķûУǾҧһڣ͹Һһˡ
СץԼСͷץҲ֪㵽ʲô
Ҷһ֦ŤͷȥСһʱ򣬾ͼСӵСģСһҲմһЩ
Ҷ䱻СһӶЦˣȥľ˽ҶӺ«ﵹһЩˮʪСӰɾˡ
˿СһСֿڵҰһ£ͷˡ
ŷСһȵĵͷ۾Ҷ䣬֪ʲôʱСӾͲҶˡ
ҶߣֻҶǸóԵģΣҶ佹ıŽ㣬ҪȽӣĿСһԺҶںͽһɿǴˣ
СһԹԵ֧ԴҶͷҶĶָСһͷ˳ѸٵĸСһɰС
ˣԼȥɡҶСЦЦ˵
Сһ룬ֱ˱Ҷ䣬СһİοҶ㣬ѹͲˡ
ҶҲ˱СӣãҲѹҺһϢһòã
áСһǴ󷽵ĵͷӦˡ
ҶȥССһһűϢ
ϻһʱ䣬ҶϢһԼĺøжȾޡ
ҶҲһbugOԼĺøжһ½ô࣬Ǵ-250Ӧúܺǲζøĺøжȶһˣ
ϵͳƺǲҶ뷨ͷҶ佽һˮŷ½ĺøжȥǲڵģҲ˵ҪŮøжص-130֮󣬲ܼͨȡøжȶһʣȻˣ֮ǰ10øжȣʱһʡ
Ҷ̾˿аɣԼһ͵ȡɵİ취ûУϵͳ򶨵Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҷ޿ڱﰦ̾ʱ򣬽Oüһ
ϸոսȥ¶ٴߣģOоԼڱһǵƵζˮнֻøȸЩ
OǻûбҧԼ´겻Լ֪ҪףѾҶ˶ֻҪҶҧԼһڣɹͺá
ɽOԼôԼΪЮĿܡ


33 
ɼٲԸ, ڴ㻹ǲϵйʱɽһԽԽŨˡ
Ҷ˲Ծ, æӱ뻹ǶߵСӵ, Թ, Ǳҿ, ֪֪
Сӵ˵ͷһĹɣŷ
ҶСһ, ԡ
СһﻹǱ𿴵ĺ, Ͼ, ոСӰԼ, ҲԽԽң˵, ȻԼʲôû, ҧ£СӻٿΪá
Ҷ˳ָСһҴҴ, 첽ߵ˽OߣԽO, һζԽŨ
ΪǬԪıʹҶһ˲ʧĿⲻڽOĲ, ɢŨһ㣬·
ܿ˹, Ϊ˱ԼٱʹҶһԼĴȣſ˽O
һֻƽOOôˣ
OҧûԼ߳Ǳһ㣬̵ˣͷϸܵĺ飬ҲŲĳ졣
OָץסǣǼơ
Ҷ״æֽOƣ¶Ҳಱڡ
ȻͺɢһԽŨء
Ҷ߿˽OͼOüĽһھʲôĥһ
¶ҪôҪµæȹҪôҪҩƣĻ¶ڵкܴҶ֪Լٵˣһ֣OĴΣһ֣øжȶ-250ˣҲˡ
ôţԼȵȻһɾʹϯҶʶޱȵѣŸ˹ȥſҧ£Ƶһһ뵽O
һȪˮע뵽˹̵ҽһ㣬ԭڵҽΪȪϡͽƽOֻôӲﴫѸٵӵȫָоĪҲĪ
ʶģˣ˫ȴʶĹסҶĺ󾱣Ҫ뵽ڡ
ҶϡҲȾϸϸܵĺ飬O̫ţǬԪҶһֱԼȣ˿̵Ѿɥʧ뽪Oȫˡ
ȻôԵʱûȫΪ˵ȻڽOĺøж-250ʱ䣬һпܶУԼлȡøжȣһȫԼɡ
ҶԼٶȣŪ۽OOƺǾˣж϶߳
~
ҶüͷչһЩȥͬʱԼѽOסһOܺһЩ
ոչԹԴӦСӣſڱֻСԼ۾ָȴĴģһ˫ɵ۾͵͵ҶԼҽ㡣
СЩ㲻ҶΪʲôҧһڣӣ񻹱ҧˣںҶһֱ۹Ҷĺ󾱡
Сһָͨ쿴УСԴһŽ㲻Ϊʲôϲҧҧȥģ
С죬һ͵һ˼
Ҷȫ֪ԼͽOĶСӿȥˣOһȥOɫ֮ǰôʹˣŽӽOڴƿ
ֻĺ󾱻OţҶҪȴ
̾˿ֻðѽO˻һҶ仳OʶҶѾ˶Ҷϵ¶ڵҪǬԪοҶֻǱҲе
ҶŽOһԵĸܵOڻƽȣ岻֮ǰôˡ
彵£OҲԼһʱ䣬۾
Ӧһ£OŸоԼƺǱ˱ڻŤͷȥˣһ̣߱ҶеĿײϡ
ôˣЩ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼ˲ٵĺøжȣ¶ڵ˱ִԼֲǽOεˣԼҲӦõģҶֻǾеɥǲû
OֻԼֱǹƵζռˣҶ㣬ոձɻյ˹ȥӦҶˣָ㡣
O˱۾̾˿ҧҶлл
лҾͺãٱһҶ˵仰;ô²˵ˡ
ȻOɫ̧Ҷ䣬Էſˡ
УͺáҶ˵ţæɿ˽OŽO˳ָO˱ӡ
ЩҶ»ص˻ѱߣ֦ȼյĺܿ죬Ҷһ֦룬ȥɽ˼˴ʯͷ
СӱĸҶߣҶ㣬ʯͷʲôѽҪԷ𣿡
ҶЦЦڵһЩˮ΢ϴһ£ҲһЩ
°£Ҷ㣬ԽáСվҶһ˵
Ҷ䶼ЦˣôСһСĶʲôòõģ
ŲأҶСһﲻķһ·ҶͶԽԼܺá
úúáҶһ߷Сӣһ߰ʯͷܺãľͺ«ܺã󽫺«ˮ
ˮ̫ȣˮá
ҶִľóľˮˣҶˮľְϴĽŽȥͶϴһ£ϴõĽ˽Oߡ
Ҫҿ˺öູҶѵûOͬ⣬Ҳ԰ｪOϴ
OҲϲĲҲ˺ҶľOǿ壬Ҷ˽лл
ãܰﵽͺá
OýԼͲĺһһЩ
ҶϴˣӽOӹͶϴһ£Űľˮ
ô죬ɫҶ俴˿ڵλãЩġ
O״ãû취ͽOҹҲһֱ˯ҶѶ΢һЩ
ҶűȥOҪȥæʵȥĶ
Ҷת򽪽O͵ȥ࿳Щ֦Ѷ΢һЩǿҪգϲȫЩ׼úϢһµĻǵýңԼӲˣϿ岻ֵá
OҶӣҶĿγ˵Щȷʵʵģ漴ǰҶҲǿģڲƭԼģ֮Լ
ҶӰｻ֯OЩͷ۵üģ¶ڣʶʱʱͿOȥֱɻص˱
Ҷ˵ˣֻˣҲûж˵ľһѸӱȥˡ
⸽һƬ֣Ҷ䲻߶Զ߿֦ܿԼסĶڡ
Ҷ俳֦ٶȺܿ죬һһѵ֦ҶĽŵףøӿһƤӣһ֦ãҶ䱳һ֦ɽȥ
Oڱ廹Щû˯ţ۾ͼҶ䱳һ֦֦ѵɽſڵֻ࣬һ˿λܹˡ
Ҷ俴˿ûǲգɴִľӳʯͷŵ˶ڵ࣬ӷֱϵʯͷϣ˻Ƕﴳ룬Ҷܵһʱ֪
СӿҶڶæúǺ棬Ҷ㣬ʲôģ
ҶһѶͷϵĺ͵Ƿֹõģ˴ӣǻֳģҾܼʱ֣ѻ˴ܡ
ҶСӺ˵
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ𡣡
ٺ١Сһ￪ĵԭҶֱ۲˲
OҶЩҶõԼԽԼ־ʱǿԼԼ֮ܶ뿪ùǽõ
뵽OЩԼոնҶ̬ǲ̫ˣҲֻԼѡ
ٿɽľҶģе֦Ҷ俳ģҲҶչˣԼˮԼϴԼոջҶԼв֮¡
OһԽѣԽһҶô죿
ΣOǿҶ䣬еҶ䡣
ҶҲƣոϵͳʾʱ򱻿۳120øжֻˣOĺøж»ص-130ֵϣȻǸ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ-250ǿ̫ࡣ
Ҷ䶼̲ס¶ϲɫˣյõϢ˽OڽҶϵЦûȥأæ˹ȥػôˣֲˣ
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶϵЦ⻹δȥиΡ
򴽣͵ü壺ոգˣԲ𡣡
Ҷһ£û뵽OǸܿҶͷӦˣϵЦ˼֡
ҶŽO˰֣ɣû£⿪˾ͺáҲ̫࣬¶ڱ˽šʶ磬Ҳܹ㡣
OҶûһȻЩ
ͷ˿Լ֣˫ֽһɵ͵͵ģû
ҶЦЦдһ˿٩Ҫôͱιȥˡ˵ˣ󣬸ոյ飬ĸ󶼻ģ⡣
O򴽵˵ͷ͵͵ƳҶ䣬ȷҶɫ糣Űġ
ţպעģԵ޹㡣Oڵ
ȻҶ䣬ҲϣԼҶ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷôˣ¶⼸ղðúϢɣ׼ˡ
O˵ͷ⼸ˡ
࣬úϢҶΪʧõĺøжȸĿġ
˻ѱߣʼԼʣ֮ǰζһĴףһʣ8룬ʣ7ţ廨ʣоڿռ50ŴײˣȪﻹʣ15㡣
֮⣬ƥϹŵûü㣬ûʲôҶɴ࿪ʼװĶ
һװһСţɣһţƤңֺӲĴӣڶǷһСǿ飬һֽĵģԼһɡ
װһңҶһ8ţ֮⻹һţƤҵҾơĸǷһɵ⡢Ÿ
һǷһƹѼһֽŵСס
⼸һƥϹһСҶҲ򿪿˿װҪһЩҩƷͱȻǱӦġ
Ҷϸһ£мƿҩͼֹѪɢһЩƷ纮ҩ裬֮⣬滹˼
ҶЩ˵ף¶ϲ֮ɫЩξܳԲʱգοɡ⡢ѼһʳҪ滹ҩƷҪ֪ӻģһҩЩֱǽ
Ѿ̵ЩĶҶɴǼѵǮҲһ£Ǯһ158ʮصĽԪͭǮкüӣһ2533ö
ҶЩǮӦЩģ֮ǰĿռﻹ131172öͭǮδӱϵõģҶһжʮƽ1713705öͭǮ
ȻЩǮòȥϷܻ֮õӵĵط֮ȴžͺá
˶Ҷ룬һݱԡ
վɼװľһŸЩǴӱġ
Ҷó⣬С۾ŹˣæܹȥյҶߣҶ㣬ϳʲôѽ
ҶСèˣЦݱ˰ɣ
Сһ˵ͷţһ㡣
ԹԵţһͺáҶ˵ţľϰѲ˵ͰгСгһһģŵһ߱á
ָӲɳԵĻڲöҧ˻ǵźóԡ
ҶﵹһЩͣⶡŽ淭һ˳ּ˸ֵζϣ뽴ͣȪˮȹٰ֮Ӳŵһ󣬶Ҷ˻ѡ
СһŵϵһóԵģ۾ֱˡ
ҶˮˣϾ͸ʢ
˵ͣҶСӵרС˹СʢһݱҶŵһԵľ׮ϣ̫ˣͷԣԵʱǵôһȻ̫ˡ
ţСһͼֹӣҶ䶼СèˣϽӸСһ
СһõӾʢһݱӴ˺üȷˣСĳȥСһĽ˼ڣ̼ˮ֭Ϊһ壬СһԵĿĵı
óԡ
ҶϲЦ𼱣ﻹأٸʢ
ŷСæĻصȻԼʢݱԡ
Ҷһ˵ţһѾʢһ룬Ѵ׷ŵ˵˽Oߡ
Ҷ䵽˽OϣOɫЩ԰ףȳԷɣ¶ڸҪԵ㶫һҷ
ҶŵһߣŽO˹ȥԼܳ𣿡
O˵ͷš
OǰõģҶŷĵߵ˻ԣԼҲʢһ롣
ҲۻˣǱŽOôԶ·ǸO㣬ǿ֦׼ģҶϵ·綼ʪָɣʪˡ


34 
Ҷһͣ, ȵݱ¶ҶϵֻһЩٿԱߵСӣҲԵ˱, ֻСֻʱʱСӡ
ﻹٰݱҶO, ˹ȥʵҪ𣿡
Oҡҡͷ, ֿʼ, ¶ڱÿһʱῪʼȣʶҲὥģ, ʱҪǬԪĸο
O´, ס˳Ҷֵĳ嶯
ҶӽO, ߿򽪽O, ϽϢɣȥʰһ£Ҳ׼Ϣˡ
Ҷ˵űǱ, ıӰڻӳԵø޳
Ҷ, ǰǹɵζҲʧˣOȦҲ֪Լô, ҶһߣĪί, Ӧ¶ڱܵķӦԽԽҶˡ
ҶֻO˵, ٴڱ˫ץű, ôһ̣OϣҶܶ߿Ҫܷ쳣ͺˡ
Ҷߵ˻ԣʰã˼֦ȷյġ
СӹԹԶҶߣ۾ĿҶ䣬Ҷĺֱܡ
Ҷ䴹ͿСӣСӵЦԱ𣿡
ˡСһһ˵һԼСӡ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣҪ˾͸ϽȥϢòã
ãһС˵
ҲУŲѡ
šСһɵͷ
ҶС˵ʱ˺󷽴ĵҶŤͷͿOڽ΢΢ٶҡ
Ҷü첽ߵOߣʵOôˣǲֲˣ
СҲź˹һĺСһۻˣ㣬ôˣ
OģģĿãϵĲʣû£ԹԻȥ˯߿
ǣҵ㡣С˵ۿҲͮͮġ
ҶOʵܵæСһķţԣȥ˯أòã
㶼ô˵ˣСһֻõ˵ͷԼıȥ
ĸԼǺñȥֻֻ۾ȴ͵͵ڿ㡣
OҶ͵һ̧ͷȴѾҶˡ
OʹࣺҶ䡭ңҺܣܡ
ҡ֣O޷˵ڡ
Ҷ俴OǸʹģжʱʲôİѽO˻ȻֵıһƬ̣ҽOڷ
Ҷ佫˱OٶһЩȥ¡
˵ţҶ佫O˰ڣ¶ұߵ
ҶٴԼȣҵʹѣŴչȥҧȥԼһһɸO
Ҷҧȥһ̣O˫ʶץҶֱۣҲŲԾĶż
뵽ƽ˽OոУȡ֮һʸС
OʶiϢЩ䵽ҶĶˣȲűǵģĵĳεջ󣬲ϳķߡ
Ҷĺü٣ͷ࿪ʼϸϸܵĺ飬·һŻȼգȵϢҪɴ
УĽˣԼҲûˡҶһţһҧأԼϵָȻҵʹ˲ѹǽ
һǿԼ侲ͬʱоԼɵĲˣҶ仺ɿ˿ڣ뿪OĲʱһǳǳӡǣOļͰ𪣬ӡǺۡ
ҶͷŽOǸģһ¡˱۾۾ʱѾָ
ղźգԼҲ֪ôˣŽOĴϢ̲ס뽪OȫǬԪҲоݵģеʱǬԪĻʧȥƣƾı¡
ǿټһֱԼȻĺܿʧء
ҶOϻź飬ȥýȴOֱۣ
ҶֻԼãһԼѾO˺üˣϿ϶Ҳһ
սOӣҲ϶ԼҶԼȥСһ˯˯̫չ˲O
Ծһ£ǾͽO˯һһԼܵһʱҲˣǲ֪Լ᧿ΣĺøжȻܱܲס
Ҷ̾˿ŽOȥOǱܵҶ仳ΪﱻҶ㣬һʶģģ˻᲻ԾȥƵζԴ
OҶĻȥģǼʱʱţҵƵζԴ
ֻζģչȥOɴཫԼıϾȥ
ȵĺҶϣҶʶĶһ£ƽO̫ˡ
ڵĽOҶ˵ĻֻñǼȥ䣬Oһ䣬ҶйһЩOèɵèһļ
Ҷ䶼ˣOΧһţ̵úܣﻹOţ˸ˡ
ĽOĺѵOܲ˿һ㣬Ĳˡ
˻ӦɱOţƺǾò񫣬Oֻǹ϶û취룬ѰűԴֱſںiס
Ҷ˶崻ˣܸܵOȵĴϣԼڱԷŪ
O˿̵־ԾûлָֻԼ˱һϢǵϢģеѵζִľ㣬̲ס˼ڡ
ζ·ħһ㣬ԽԽͣҲԽֻԴӻǺһһƵһԽ˱Խ𾢡
ҶȴܲˣͶյͨ죬Цĩʱû˸ռˣû뵽ûͱŮռ˱ˣҪﱻռˡ
ҶһòٵˣýOôȥǵó²ɡ
ƽOļдһ˿ͣOˣȥҿҪŲסˡ
ԼĶģ˱һûᣬҶû취ֻʹ
һֻڽOһǰѽOǿԼڣҶŴڴϢ˼£ҲһЩ
ȻĽOȴǲˣбƲˣľҶ½ǣૣңңأһûȹ
˵棬OίʣҲǲܿһરવĵ
Ҷͷըˣ͵Ƶζ̫Ļǻģ㿴㣬ڹѾˡ
Ҷ䵽˽OϣOշźΣɫĿҲ࣬һίĿޣһ߲ͣĿߵܣҪƣƣܣܡ
Oһ㣬˭ˡ
ҶȥᣬOȴǿ޵ĸˣСƲĶˣŵζġ
һ˵ţOһͣҶҲಱգરવİҶĲʪˡ
Ҷ޵һʱҲýOû취ˣԼҲҧ˽Oüڣɴ಻ˣҧҧɣ͵ƽˡ
ôҶŽOԴջأűҧ
Oоǰûˣӣ¿Ҷڣһҧȥ
ȵҪƣOʱͰһڿȥƽֻȴԽԽΡ


35 
СһſԼı￴, ۾ˣЩ㲻ڸҧҧȥ, ôԼҲʼҧҶˣҽ񻹿źҶ
ⲻķ񰡣Զ̬˷, Һ, ôץҶһҧأ
Сӿ, ֻСֱּץԼС۾һգһգģ漫ˡ
ող, , ֻſԼ͵͵, æµ, ҲûעŴŵӹĿ㡣
ҶҲȷʵ˲Сӣ˿̵ĽOƺǺȹ, ɿҶ, ֻʱʱñǼҶҲȫˣһҶ仳ﶯȥ, һߵૣ~ͷΣΰ, ϲ
Ҷ䶼ŪûƢˣ, ÿҲ֪Ӧ, ϾǱOҧ֮˺һײŹ֣Ͳ˼ƽϡ
Ҷ̧ȥOʱ˶ˣOԼ½קƺ·մ˺ϲ
Ҷ״æץס˽Oȹ֣·ҪǳˣƺҲϴˡ
ץס֣Oֲˣһ߲ʵҶ仳ȥһץңҪȹˣöູܡ
ҶæƢİO嶯кǲɲȹ㾫΢Щˣˮϴǲڣһ㣬˺òã
ãȡOŤ
Ҷû취ֻܰ˰Լ˫۽§ŽOûᳶϵ·
ôһյʱ䣬Oκ˯˹ȥҶҲһ
˵OϵȹʪˣԼҲʪˣҲûȥô࣬ŽO˯ˣҶҲæ۾׼Ϣϻܵģ¶ڿɲһʱܹȥġ
Ҷ䱻һϣO˺һ㣬ҲȷʵˣûôҶ˯˹ȥ
СӼ㶼˯ˣԼҲûøˣŸԼǺСӣԹȥֻ˯ǰСһﻹոտ顣
Ҷһ˯úܳһ·ϵڸɣۣټһô㣬˯øˡ
ҶʱѾǳʱˣ賿2㣩ǱĽOѵģҶֻԼǱһһæȥOɫOϷŲĳ죬ĺҲܼ٣廹Щ
Ҷ˲麹ѽOƣ¶ֹ˵ϡ
Ҷ̾˿ҧȥٴΰԼ˹ȥOһ߽ʶ߬Ҷ䣬һ߱ܵҶ仳š
ҶʱҲһֱע⽪O飬ŪСĵİɹȥǽOüˣ嶶ˣҶͣһԺһЩˣٽŰɹȥ
˺һO¶ȲٴνȥҶĽOıŽO»ָҶоЩˣ̧ȥԶĻѣͼѾϨˡ
Ҷ俴˿ĽOûǰѻȽףһǻɢǽOºߺͣô䣬ûлȡůţҶֽOŻص
νOû˯úܰȡ
Ҷû𵶺ͻʯѻµţ»ϨҶ仹ӿռ˼Ƚϴֵľľŵ׼գȼյľһ㡣
ЩҶŻص˽OСĵƿӣ˽ȥOƺװ˶λһҶһ£O㱾ܵ˹
Ҷ佫˱ãӣ˯¡
ҹҶָOһ㣬˯¡
ͽO˯úܳڵڶСӡ
СһﶥС۾˸Լͽסɽ
ΧЩ䣬СҲŶ˶˸תȥ㣬ͼҶԼҽ㱧һ˯㡣
СһԼСЩ֪ôˣǽģȻǻϴ
СӼ˯㣬Ҳûйȥţһ˹ԹԼС֡
ǽOģ¶ڵĵһѰģҹҶ㹻㣬ʱ򣬾岻ôˡ
ֻǽOһ۾Ͳ˲ԣſҶ仳ģҶ˫ۻĺϡ
Oߺģ浽׷ʲô£ֻͷѣûҶ䡣
OҲãԼǬԪ˯һҹ룬Oҧ´
Գ壬׼Ҷ䣬ҶſʱOȴע⵽ҶĲ
ҶļͰ𪣬ҲһЩŮǬԪǰߴֻԱԼһ㣬ǼҲϸ˴ϿҶʵһ
˿̵Ҷ䣬Ĳмźۣ͸ǲҲ̶ˣڵĸмû˵ӡڴiڻš
OĪĿҶ䶯˲е˼ǽOĪľе顣
Ҷϵӡ˭ҧأӦòԼɣ
׿Ǳʫˣ϶ô˵ľٶģôţO˱۾۾ʱѾ
OҶ䣬һһ߽Ҷ䣿Ҷ䣬ѣɿˡ
Ҷһ˯رƣһϸO˺ü㣬O˰죬ûء
Ҷ۵ʱӶµģOֻһȭľ룬űˡ
㣬ˣҶ㶵ʵ
OҲЩڣԻָһЩʱҪҶ䣬ţɿ𣿡
ҶŸæ֣Ȼæ͵˼ҲǹҪģֻҹ˺üΣΪ˷ȥű˯ģصҿһŶû
һߴҶ仳һ߽߿𴦣ţ֪ˣûҪ˼
ҶַĿһǾͺãǾͺá
øжȾͺãôţҶԼʵеû˯ѡ
OǺ˾룬ֻҲȥҶ䣬ûἰҶ䲱ϵӡô£ܹӦòŪȥģŲȥҧҶ䡣
˭ҧģOɴ಻ˣͶˣ
Ҷ䵹ûO飬ȥװˮĺ«ˮʪ˲ҶһЩ
СӼҶͽ㶼ˣҲӱˡ
СһСȾȥԼҽˣ㣬Щ𣿡
OСһﱧϣöˣܻһգԹҶĻòã
Сһ޹Ĺɵͷţˡ
ãԡOСһ
СһãһСȥҶˣҶ㣬ҡ
ҶˣСϴһСһɰСְϴĶݸO
һ°ɣȰѻϣȻȥЩ֦¾ʹҡҶ
OֻҶһ۱ƿߣ˵ͷţ֪ˡ
Ҷ״ɽȥ֦̫ˣҶֻ˶ûҶҲڹҽУ׼ϽһЩ֦ͻȥ緹ʵ̫ˡ
һߵɽСڽO뻹ʳôҲ벻ͨ⣬㣬ΪʲôҪҧҶѽΪʲôҧҧȥģ𣿡
O⻰ٿĺ඼պˡ
һŻص㲻˵ôܶҶ£˵ˣղǲ߿㲻ǲǣ
СӸæҡͷǲǣҺܹԵ~ʲôû
OһõŹԣţոյĻԱ˵Ҷ˵֪֪
СһԹԵͷˬӦţŷ


36 
ôӦ, Oһ֮ǲġ
СӲô, 㲻˵Ͳ˵, ͵͵Ҷ, ô, СһĴ۾ɵתת
Ҷ߶ĲУɿĿһЩ֦㱧֦ˡ
Ҷ佫֦ӵһ, ˼뵽˻, ó˹׼
װľ˰׳, Ѽ, ׼Щȡ
룬Ҷֽ뵽ռ˿ײ˵ĳ, ײںϳ÷ɿ, мվֱӳˡ
ҶŴѼߵ˻ѱϣչ˳׷, ú«ˮԳϴһ£ٴεˮ, ϸӣչܵϰ
СӼҶˣСܵҶ, Ҷ㣬ǳʲôѽ
Сè, ҶЦԴѼ࣬һܳԣȸЩɵӺòã
ѽСһͷ
ҶЦһСһȥľǱɡ
ҶݸСһ飬飬ߵ˽Oߣһɵ˹ȥȳԵ㣬һӣ໹һܺá
šOӦһȴ͵͵ҶĲҶӡеĺۼҲûȫˡ
Oֻһ۱ϽƿߣȥҶ䣬æҧɾ׽װԼæӡ
Ҷ仹Ϊˣûж˵ʲôԼһ߳ɣһȥ￴Ż
СҲչҶߣһ߳һ߿Žչ
һ߳ԣһչƮ۾㰡
Ҷ䶼СèЦˣһʢһЩСèԵıĺòã
ٺ٣~Сһ￪ĵĲС
OȻŵģ¶ûйԾЩû
һ߳ɣһ߿ҶãܸоҶõĹϵ˲٣ҲҶ䣬OҲ֪㲻¡
˼ɣЩɣЩˮOҪȥˮ
ҶĶæ˹ȥڵôˣֲˣ
OҶһۣŶҡҡͷûȥˮ
žͺãȥáҶ˵ŸæŽOãԼȥľϵˮ«
ҶߵOߣšӣŰѺ«˹ȥ
Oӹ«˼ˮźһЩѺ«ݻҶ䣬лл
ã⼸飬ҾͺãԼҶҶ
O΢΢ף⼸Ҫɽȹ⸽òûˮԴOЩġ
룬ǰԼĵ˵˳ǵˮʣĶ⸽ûˮԴǺ«ʢŵˮǶյ𣿡
ҶЦЦڵ㲻õģ΢ԶһĵطҵһˮԴ㹻⼸õˣú壬Щ㶼õģء
OһǾͺá
ҶЦЦţҹȥŹˣ½ңҿ
á
ӦˣҶȥһһ߾úЦOѵʱǺԼôҧԼʱûҶҲû¡
OϾŹŮԼǵøЩġ
߻صѱߣŵŨĴҶƲӵţչĸӴ򿪣ʼѼǡ
Ҷ佫õѼľ׽Ѽ飬淺ͻĵƮһζŨ˱ǡ
СһԺ˷ֻܵС֣ۣ㰡
Ҷü䣬ľʢһ࣬ôʢ˴Ӵյ˽ߣòúȡ
СһŴ죬һ׵Ѽ˿ڱǣһ࣬ѼҲЩζȴǡô಻ôѵζ
СӳԵͷóԣҶá
Сӳ֮󣬲Ҷṩֵʺƨž͸
Ҷ䶼ЦˣãСèϲͺãȸʢһ롣
ҮҮС˷ܵС֣۰Ͱ͵ĿŹࡣ
ҶСһר룬Сһʢһֱ࣬ӰŵһԵľϣСվԱܹľϵ룬̵
С̣ǵҪവһܺȡҶ
ŷСһͷֻǲÿӣõĺġ
СһﶼŪˣҶʢһ˸˽OС̡
Oֽӹ룬̧Ҷ䣬лл
ã԰ɡ
Ҷ˵꣬»ص˻ԣԼҲʢһ룬ڴڵĳ
緹O˯ˣ¶ڵľֻһˡ
Ҷ黹ҲûٸO㣬Сڻѱһ߿һ档
СһԼҽ˯ˣɵ۾תתСʾҶѶҪҶ˵Ļ
ҶСһ棬Ѷ˹ȥҪС˵ʲô
СһֻСΧһȦſҶĵҽǲҧˣ
Ҷֱ壬OǱ߿һۣȷO˯ˣŵ㲻㲻𣿡
ٺ٣˯žͿ˿СӲ˲Ҷֱȵ
ּʵҶ㣬ͽΪʲôҪҧҧȥģ𣿡
⵹ǰҶסˣ¶û취СһͣǴ˵£㻹Сȳ˾ˡ
ҲŲСأͽϲҧҧȥߺߡСһһİһܵĵ顣
Ҷ䶼ЦˣôһСӣͦҥġ
Ҷָ˵㽪ıǼ⣬˵֪֪ڰ㣬ֲǹҪҧģɲܵ˵Ȼ˻ġ
СһԴһĳҶЦЦǷܵĵ˵ͷıľҪɽ档
ҶС˻ܾðСӴ򿪣Ǻĵģ˵ĿɶģɲܵҥǣɲǹԺӡ
ŷҺܹԵġСһһɵģ
Ҷ˿СһķЦȥɡ
ҮСһǿĵĴɽĵϼһʯӣʯӰڷųɲͬͼΣԼһĻͦĵġ
Ҷ㲻Сӵ磬ڻѱߣʱʱһЩ֦
쵽ʱ򣬽Oһ˻ԣ˴죬Ǵˮ̳һ
Ҷ˸ۣÿʱ͹ȥȻֲ˽O
Ҷ˽ȥ潪O˲໹вĺһԼȣŴչȥҧ£㻺ƽ˽O
ڶյҪȵһպúܶ࣬ҶɹȥҲûеһôࡣ
OһЩˣҶŻ˿ֻԾɱOš
Ҷɴ˻ýOϢ
һãͶ˶Сӵ۾СӳҶЦЦץԼСһҶ䣬һֿԼҽ㡣
Сһ뵽ʲôĵ£ԼֵڱϹ˺üȦ
Ҷ̾˿Ҳ֪С뵽ʲôˡ
ϵ¶ȽƽȥҶû£Ҳˣ׼½OȻȥ濳Щֻ֦O˫־½󣬶ҾúܽҶû취ֻܵŽOָʶ
ֹһʱ䣬OŻ۾ʱ͸ܵһȣ۽OҲ֪Ҷ䡣
O̾˿ҪǰԼҶԼĻԼȻǾ֮һڵԼȴȻúܰģOҲԼ뷨һ¡
ܿͨˣҶڱϾ˶֮ǻǬԪOõ¶ڹˣ㲻Ҷ뷨ˡ
OۣȻͿ˱Ҷ䣬Լ˫ֻҶؿڵ½󣬽Oæ֣ͷˣǲֻˣ
Ҷ˵ͷţǿ˲١
仰Ҷû˵ڣOûҧȻǱǿ


37 
OҲָ, ҶûҲ˵ֻĿҶһ۱ջߡ
Ҷû, ׼ȥ緹ʱ, 洫, ŽŲ, ȥһ˵ġ
OҲ˻Щ壬æߵ, ѽ˻
ҶҲĴľϳһѸֵ, վɽûж, ֻ·, ҶȻȥܣдģͲòˡ
һ, 㴫ӵ
ĶˮôԶ·, У߾ˡ
ҲüңȻõȵ, 㶼ÿ
߹ȥҲɽͷˮ
, ǿ쿴ǱиɽϺнӡ
԰, ӡĳ룬ӦöĽӡ
ļ˶ʱ, ʹ˸ɫ֮󣬳ҶڵɽΧ£˹ȥ
Ҷͣ˵ʱ˲ԣųվɽ룬ѽOͽԼ
ֹ˼Ӱ˶ˣֻ˵۶Щ࣬ȥʮͣģ˿б۴ɽ
ϣɽﻹСأǬԪôƯ⵹ټˡ˵
ǰǻһСءЩ˽ŵ˸͵
ҶˣҲǴĶģھ͸ҹȥ
ϣСƢͦģ֪֪ЩǬԪϲŪǬԪֳģ˵ҲһӣҲҲһٶôҪҪߣҲù˼
ҶЦһ߱ض飬ǳҲ綼ӻˣҲȥ
ٺ٣˵ˣǾǴӻǹ˵ģ˵ЩӻĵģɶˣǱ߿ɱݳǸԣĶ࣬еǸµģĹٲҲڣҲЩûʶ
һ֪ĺܶӣȻƲҶǡ
ҶֻúЦö˹ҲǺãǿԴǿЩǼȻǵúܶ࣬ô˵ҶȥǺˣʲô
˹Ц˼˵Ǹӣ㻹ţӻĶǳ͢ģԭĸصģ͢ᶨǵϱ֮ŵĵطȥĶŶԵģΪǵ˻ǣЩµ˻ǿЦ
ҶƬ̣һ治֪һֱΪӻľӣֻҪҵŵĵطͺãû뵽͢涨ȥ
ҶҲû¶ӣôڲҲˣٽǣ
Ȼ綼ˣγҲΪ˶Щ˻ȥ˼⡣
ǸЩ˽ŵҲ͵԰ൽϱǽȥǶ𣿡
Ҷ֪ѾˣֱᵶˣҶĲҪҪҵĵˣھ͹ȥҶǶ֡
֣Ż˭أ˽ȻǲţҶ䳰
ҶҲϻֱһ˳ȥ˽ֱҵ˵ϣһҶߵˤڵء
㣬㣬Ҿ㣬뻴ǲԶˣйٲģҪǸҶǣСԴ
˻˵ʲôҶһϣ˵˲λҲ˵ˡ
Ҷ߿󣬡O۾á
áO׼Сӵ۾
ҶҲϻֱһˡ
˽ŵ˼ҶĶ֣˶ɵˣڵһֽŲõˣһ߲ͣģŮŮ͹Ҳˡ
ˡҶûϻֱһˣ·ǸԼ鷳Щ˶ǸЩȨѰ߹Ҳʵ
Ķһӿˣ˿ͬʬ壬һҲЩˣֻЩ˷ӣĶɱ˵ģ˼״ɢӴܡ
ҶȻǻᣬֱӿ첽ŵͳȥһߣǰ˱㱻ߵˣҶתͬʱӵˣеʱ䶼ûУֱû
ָæȥ׷ˣҶ׷ϵһĶˣһһ߻ͷҶѾ׷ˣŵ˫ȶˣվҪվסˡ
ҶһĽŲɵǰһȰеĳԥػ˵ĺ
˵ڶ֮һѾԶˣҶٵ׷ȥ
ĿһܵһƬҶϳԱ˷ȻһЩ㣬ϻǱЩһֱ·
һֱû˦Ҷ䣬ۿҶҪ׷ˣܻϱȥҶҲ׷ȥ
Ϳ˸ոڸһȺɰЩŮҲǬԪȥᣬҶжʮˡ
ͣƬ̣ǴȥҶϲ󻼣ɲԶ̫ˣҲЩûף̫ܳãĽO
ЩŵҲ֪ʲôһ㶵Ŀ˸ɰ
һ߸ɰһߴ󺰵˰ɣǱǸŮǬԪɱǺüˣֻʣһˣûңǸ˻ǣöңҲܴǽǡ
⻰Ⱥϲ˲ȻŵҶ䣬ɻǰѸո˱
ҶᵶüЩˣÿˣﻹߣ
һε̲һҶ󺰵ߣߵĶȥȥ˵ܻȥĻҲǵ
˷ӣҪǡҶĻû˵
ЦǵȻ֪ʲôģҸ㣬Щ˶ԸģʲôõģܸﻻʳǽǲЩĻҲܱȶҪá
ԣҶʮûгһٱˣҾҲҪǵ¡
ԣ£ǶԸģûˣҪʲôãװˡ
ҪɱǺˣǶָǽء
ԣ㲻ɱɱ
ȺзŭģвͣģйҶġ
ҶվԭƬ̣һȻϯȫ
ܿͨˣһ·вٵڰƤԣҶ࣬úܼѣٶٳԵ˾ȻЩҲְ취
ǱƵ·Ͷ·ˣҶ俴ŶЩˣڣ鼸ľҶ̾˿
ôҶܲţҲȷʵﲻЩˣÿ˶Լѡֻΰˡ
룬ҶȺ˵ͷ
ǵҲܣҲҪȥסĵطһҶ˵Ŀ˸ոܻ˷һۣų뿪ˡ
ոܻ˷ŵ̱˵ϣһֱؿ˳


38 
Ҷȥ·ϲոǼ˷ӵʬ, ѵһЩЩ˷ϸӡ
Ҷ䵣ĽOͽֻǰ·˷ӵǮյ˿ռ, ͸Ͻɽϡ
СŻصɽʱ϶Ѿһϸ
O, æʵôˣû°ɣ
Ҷһ߰ɽʬ, һߵû, ֻǷһɽǷˣѾȫ, ǿҪҵطˡ
OҲ̾˿, 漴ֵ˵ͷ, Щĵʵ˺ܶ𣿡
, е㸴ӣʵ˷ֻʣһˣʮ˶Щ˷, ֻЩάǸ˷ӡҶ͵
ôOҲЩ졣
˵, 类ǣٲðЩԸġҶ͵
Oһ˼ͨ, ûкҶһ𣬿, ӻ;еĿ̫࣬˭ԼһܸҶߡ
뵽, OƬ̣ԼȻѾʶİҶ仮Լİȫ, ʵҲȷʵһ·ûҶ䣬ͳŲסˡ
ǰȥĶOʵ廹߲̫Զ·
ԶһȥɣٵԶһ㣬ǵһ£һߡҶ˵ţʬק˳ȥ
Ҷٸʬִѵ˲ٵӺͭǮҶһ⼸ѵ792347öͭǮ
Ҷ佫Щյ˿ռԶߣһ̣֮ǰյռƥҶߣҶ佫ϵϣ׼һƥŽOСߡ
Ҷ첽߻صɽߵ˽Oǰ£㻹ǻܳŵסھߡ
O˵ͷãֻӣ߲̫Զ
û£Ͼͺãƥߡ
Щô죿O߿ɽľ
Ҷ俪ڵЩȲùܣȴǰȻٻȡһ˶߰ɡ
Ҷ˵ţһѱ˽OߵСӣ߿򽪽O𣿡
šO˵ͷǿо
Ҷ䱧Сһǰ棬O˺ܿߵҶƥĵط
Ҷ佫СӷһԣŰϽ⿪߿򽪽Oȥһǰ档
O˵ͷֻ̫ãΪ¶ڵԵʣ˫ȱûʲôOߵԱߣ˫ϵķ֣һŲȵϣһֻȴôûϿ硣
ҶֱӴסֽO̧ȥڽO˶ǱҶϵġ
𣿷Ҷ߿򽪽O
O˵ͷš
ҶˣְһԵСһһѳСӿĵĿֱ֣ඣ
Ҷ䶼ĽСһÿԳԺȺȡǵģĹúܿġ
Сһ˵ߣֱӰСһ˽OǰϣСһ￪ĵĲУһŤͷԼҽ㣬һ߾Сȭͷ˷ָܵӣඣ
Ҷü䣬СһӶЦˡ
룬Ҷϵ˵ǵһϻ
˵ţҶ첽ɽȥȥ֮ӣһҵ˺ʵӪأܵıӸһ£ϾO¶ڻûйСҲܱš
֮⣬Ҷ仹˳ְɽĶԼľյ˿ռʱֻҪԵװһװľȥҽOˡ
ţҶ۳ɳ״Ӿ˳ȥ
첽ƥǱȥӷŵǰ棬š
һ߰ѱӷźãһߵһҵʵĵطűӵңһľƹȥ
Oɫ΢߿Ҷ䣬̶ֿ˿ƥϵıӣҶȻЩС¶뵽ˣԼĺܺá
OĹҶѾѵץˣǳˡ
ҮСһһָ߾ȭͷ˷ܵĲС
Oü䣬ѵһ㣬ץˡ
ŷСһͷӦ
ҶǣƥֵȥֻûҵɽӪأѡ˺һҶӪذһôԡ
ǿôɴִ󣬿Ե磬ҶֻҪľӣܸһ浲ʱӻ
ǰȰľƹ
Ҷ佫˨˸һϣȰ˳ӵһԣҶְѽСӷŵ˵ϣԼԹվţܡ
ŷСһԹԵͷıԼΧ
ҶǿϵĽOOɫЩףæʵ㻹𣿡
OŴҡҡͷֿʼûˡ
Ҷ״æַŽOOﵹ£ҽء
O𽥻ԼҶĻOߵȥҶһĺһֹ䣬ѽOȵı
Ҷ佫Oŵ˵ϣOȴֱӵO˫ۻҶĺ󾱡
ʶñǼȥҶĲЩļĽȥֻûгԵҪƣµӡҶĲ䡣
ҶⶼˣаɣǱҧһڣˣҶҲΣҲǽOҪǷ˱ˣҶŲñռԼˡ
εס˽O࣬ټɧԼҶźͨOȵһҰѱ̺ãϸȥòá
ãƣȥĶˣOһһίİરવᣬңƣҶ䣬ƣ
ҶˣɿŽOֻ֣ԾڽOĺϡ
СӵĽOҶε̾˿ֻĺţƲܺˣȻһָˡ
OȴģߵһµﻹţûҪƣơ
Oһ˵һٴβ䵽ҶĲߣһίĿޣһ߼ҲԵط
Ҷ俴⸱ģȺЦΡ
ĽOĺ󱳣ͼúúãûѾˣٺˣЩҶ
ȻҶЩעֻͽͣOûȥ˿̵ҪϴεƣҲ׼λãȴҶĲϲȥǶһſڱҧȥ˱˼¡
Ҷ䵹һǣ¶ڵĽOôǱ˸һҧһڵǲֻۣоֵֹġ
ҶʱĲһֱOҧ˺üڣ˱ģܿһһ÷ӡ
Ҷ˶ˣҧҧһڣԼҲøϽȥ
ôţҶȥ󽪽O࣬OȴǲˣһίĿޣһ߿Ҷ䣬һûԹء
ԣҧҶһţһ߰ѽOͷԼڴȥ
ҶʶģĽҧڴյ˽OĴߣȻһͱOҧסˡ
Ҷ˿ﱻҧЩۣOʶģ˱iҧһλҪҶš
Ҳ㲻ǽO¶ڣôҧķ
㱻ߣҶֻԼҲЩֵֹģҲû̫⣬ϵСһЩҶҲ˿Oǲɿڡ
Ҷ˶ˣɴƹˤҲҧˣҲһڵġ
ڵŽOɿڣȴ˲ԶСӵ۾
ֻСһ˫۾ָֻֿĴģֻ۾ָ¶˳Ҷ߶Ըš
СƬ̣󻹶Ҷ֣㻰ģ۾ˡ
ҶĴǳ鴤һ£ǣС˺ûҲ󣬸ÿĲÿģһûѽ


39 
ҶСӱ, ֱOһ£Ҷעȫ䵽˽Oϣ˲Сˡ
ĽOĺ, OѾȫպˣ־, Ҷ֮, һƬ硣
Ҷ, ƢĺţκȵĲ˰ɣ㶼ˣɿ
Oһ, Ҷ仳˲, Ữ, ҶʶĸŶ˶, ְѽOͷƿˡ
OıԹֻͣǶЩ϶ҶҲ, 𡭡, ҳһ£С
Ҷ俴˿ε̾˿, Լ⻹СӽO¶ڿʼԼҧ˶ٿ, ҲǽOŮȻҶ̲˱ôռˡ
һСһ¶ڶҧҶٿˣҶʧЦ²۵
˿ƵĽOҶεҡҡͷ, ЩҲûá
OſϣҶҲ̱, ɴѽOԿһ㣬¶˽OҲಱ
ѾеˣŨһ˱ǶҶŽOסԼĴȣҧȥ
OҶ仳һĸܵһɱ
˺һҶOƽˣ˿ڡ
OѾʧȥʶҶֻᱧŵǿô׳ԣýOɡ
ܳȥѱ̺ãҶȽı̺ãŽOɵ˱ϸһӱů
ҶЩſһԵСӣСһﱧ˹ҵûȥǵľƹԹԵĴĶҲҪȥҿ㡣
ţŷСһһĵͷ
ԡҶ˴СһСոʱ·ȥ
ȻҪȥľϾľϵĶյ˿ռ
ҶҲװװӣ¶
ɴʱռ֦һȥˣ͸ϽȰѻš
Լһʱ䣬Ҷľص˽Oڵĵطľ滹źһ
СһԹԵһ֦ڵϻʲôҶˣСһıܵҶߣҶ㣬ˡ
ţûйԹԴţҶЦʵ
ŷСӱҶĴȲ˲䡣
ҶһѱСһЦʵղԼʲôأ
Сһһ˷ܵҶָָ֣ո֦ĵطڻ
𣿴ȥԶ֮ǰסɽҶԷһЩҲ˲٣Сһŵ˵ϡ
СӶķɿ죬ܿͰҶղŻĵطˡ
Ҷ忴棬ͼ֦ŤŤˣһСΧмŤŤĻһƴĶ
Ҷ㣬ǽ㣬ңָŵϵĻһؽܵͽ棬Χл
Ҷ俴ŵϳȳȵĻˣü΢䣬Сʲôģȷʵܿɰ
ȻСӻĺܳ󣬲Ҷ仹ǿ޵ˣĻɰ
ٺ~СһСһӣ֮ǰǸµеСӣγĶԱȡ
ҶʵҲһ֤ԼʱŬõģСӺԼ׽ࡣ
ڽOĺøжȳҶʵҲ⣬ϾOСӣΪԼһĺþͶԼ׸Ĺۣ֮ǰҶҲǲҲʵֻˡ
ҶʱСץŵҶ㣬һʲôѽ
ҶЦſСèһòã
ҮˣҶҶԡСһһ߾СִʺƨһĴ۾Ҷ䣬ҶмܲסСһĹơ
ЦһѱСһСһ˺һŰ˷¡
ҶСһһͿʼˣȡһƤҲɽ·Ƥܶ඼·ˡ
ҶƤ𣬺ܿû𵶡ʯѻˣǷһЩС֦Ȼȶٰ֮ѳһЩ֦˽ȥ
ЩҶͿʼľǵıӻ
ͷԼľ˼ӣҶ佫ޱֱ棬֤ӻֻпŻǳģ治ܷ磬Ҷ⡣
ЩҶװȥ֦ʵǴӿռֻ˳ǼҶúù۲ˣǲµĹýO⼸¶ڣҲӦ̲һ£Ҷ׼Ѽɱ˳Լ
ŹȥʱСӿĵıĴҶĹʵʲôѽҶ㣿
ǹһɱˣǾˡҶһ߸СӽͣһѾذ׸˹ĺѪ
ȰѪŵĲˣҶһĿˮÿˮμë
ɰСһ˻ˣ鸮ĶЩͺĶҶߣֻСﻹץżë档
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ͵СӣǶʲôȤ
ë֮ûŪɾִľϣ׼ȷ˵ǿռһյ͵Ƴ͵ƻ֮ǰҶݳǵĸߵģó
͵Ƶţ׼͵ռëȷѼëոɾˣҶŸƶǡ
治ܳԵĲȫӵʲôҶҲˣϾִҲԼӣοڻӻ·ϣýԼʳ
Ҷ仹רŰѼˣλҲмʺҪذװⶫйȫͳ
ȰѼȫˣҶˮϴ飬ֱûѪˮΪֹȻ˼ҶҲǷϴ˺ü顣
Ѳʰ˳ɴСȵĿ飬ǳųԺóԣҶֻ˳ԡ
ɱļˮҲȣΪʡͣҶֱӰѼͷŵԳȳ֬ҶŰѼͼӵ淭˸ֵζϣרżҾȥȣһƮ˳
üţҶ˰׳׷ˣһ߱㴫˼׷Сֱʿˮ
ۣ㰡Сһ˵һֻ۾żͣ
Ҷü䣬Цһʢ飬ϲϲԼ⣿
ϲ!Сһ˷ܵ˵
OԺ˵ͷ۵ʵ۾ָо֮һӶµġ
ֱ۾˺һǵ𽥻ͷҲûôˣҪǣΧд׵OͶˣŪֱ۾
ͿһһСĶڻԣԼ۾쳤ˡ
ͼԼһ׵ԶͣǵľƥҲ˩ڲԶ׮ϣҶȻѾѷˡ
Oſڣû뵽ԼʧȥʶʱҶȻô£ҿ²ֹǰЩԱߵһ֦ӦҲҶģԼԼûôˣӦҶԼ
߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ京ЦӣҶ俴ԼĿγOᡣ
OˣҶҲ˿ãҲˣȻܳˡ
O򴽰꣬ǿڵˡ
û£㻹ţչӦġ彪OЦЦ̶ֳߵСӼ˼۾
СһҲ
Oһöˣ߿˹ɵһ㶣ҪûпĻĶӦǼ⣿
Oü΢΢˿֣յϳ֦ûбĶˣҶļǴĶģԼʧȥʶʱ̫ࡣ
Ҷ䣬ļǴĶŪģOǰԼĲ˳
ҶԼĺ󾱣Ʈȥ֦ʱ˳ץġ
OһĲ⣬ȥ￳֦ȻץһֻĹ
ɣȻOԼݲ̫˽⣬Ҳ֪ҰҰëܳͶȽݣҲץԲǳӵģ


40 
Ҷ䱻OʵĲס, һҶĽ͵ͣҾץ, ѾˣԲ
ԣܳԵ, СӶ˻, Ų⼦ҰǼġ
ҶС͵ЦЦ, ü򽪽OŸЪһЪ, ͱ뼦, һҪˡ
, ǣСҶԱСָ͵
O˿Ҷ, ֿ˿ãһΣԼԽԽҶ, ֮ǰҲ, ҶóʵǵĴףܸоһֱԲһ, Ҷ䵽ôģ
ҶOü˼½OĲʲô, æ⣬OǴ, ´ҧҵʱܲ㣬ˡ
O, عһŵĿҶ䣬뷴ͿҶ䲱϶˺üۺɫĲݮӡмҵӡҲ׵ģһ˺ܾõӡ
ôܣ£OȻ飬˵ǺƶģϾˡ
ϴҶϵӡٿεģOԼѾ˶⣬ֻˣȥҶ䣬ֻʣԼˡ
OȥˣһǶ˷鸮ǧᱡǬԪ£ҿҶĲȻֻǱҧڵ⣬Ҷ䲱ϵطҲҧ˺üڡ
OܽЩԼŪģƲһߣȥҶ䡣
ҶOȻתעҲԷһЩֲҪOֻΪתƻŹµģֻҪýOֻǴĶģҶǴĿˡ
СȴһҶ䣬һȥԼҽ㣬һҶֹ㣬Ҷ㲱ȷʵҧģҶ
Ҷ俴˿СӣʧЦҡҡͷСһɲˣ۾ʱָмôķ죬ܿŹ֡
OĶ⡢ۿɼٶȷ˺ΣһѱСӣСһﱧŻ˵֪֪˵ˣ֮ǰǲ㿴ֲǲǣ
СҡͷһĹģŴ۾򽪽OûŷҺģһ۾ء
Ҷòӷ֭Сһ⻰ֱӾͱˣСһ۾ûһ
СҶЦҶ֤ŤҶ䣬ʵҶ㣬ǲ۾
Ҷһ߱Цһߵͷȷʵˡ
СһˣԼҽЦЦɣйԹ
OҶ䣬ֿԼãܾúҶСû
ҶOѧС۾ӣָĴģСûҶָָСһĺ󱳣ŽOգգ۾
OȻԭþô۾ģɨҶ䲱ʱ򣬻ЩȻѵЩԼҧģǲðԼǰ㼱ɫˣӦòҶ²Ŷԡ
ϸȥɴ࿪ʼתעСһ
ǲûйԹ۾OõСʵ
ŷСһֵĿġ
O˵СһıǼ⣬ҿô۾ģ
Сһզզİָ浽Լ۾ϣ˫ɵĴ۾͸ָŽO۾Сӿĵֱ֡
OСһ֣Цˣô۾ûʲô𣿡
ˣҺܹԹԵġС˵ţԼҽ˽
Oü䣬СӶЦˣҲĹСӣֻתƻѣڹȻҶעѾתˡ
ҶҲûἰϵļݮӡ󷭳ļ飬Ȼһֱڻ׺ס
СӼҶ˹۾ˣۣܳ𣿡
ҶЦŵͷţһ£ȸʢ˷
˵ͣҶƲţһչҲ򿪸ӣ˱ǵƮɢ˳ĴŴҶϲһĴ׷
Oڽ£ҪȥҶ䣬㣬ҪȥҶ㡣
ãȥɡOҲţ¶ûôãСһһҲˡ
СӴԼҽ㻳Сķɿ죬ûһ͵Ҷߣֻ۾һգգĶŹﻹðļ⡣
ҶСèˮҪˣæС룬ʢһ鼦⵽ÿӼⴵ˴ŽݵСһߡ
СһϵŴ죬һҧ£ڶǼζСӾ⼦ĺóԣһʱ׽ͣ
ءóԣ㰡Сһһ˵ţһߴڳԡ
óһԼ飬ǡҶ˵ţӹСӵķ룬Сһʢ˰뷹ְһȷŵСһ
СһﲻóԣҶ仹Ա߰һʯͷСһʯͷϣóһ㡣
Сһ׷ŴȾͿԵС϶ǡ
ҶһOʢ˰׷ְʣµǸȷŵ棬ҶO˹ȥȳԷɡ
ţллOӹ룬ͿǸļȣæ⼦Ȼ԰ɣ⼸һչҲʵˡ
ҶЦЦܵãⶼһ¶ڻûأҪ壬Ͻ԰ɡ
O򴽵˵ͷֲԾҶĲϿ˼ַۣɿջߡ
ҶҲԼʢһ뷹ȰѼ˳һڣζнּ֮һ
֪ǲĴܾÿռļͷʴ󣬶ζҲܺãȫܲζ֮Ǻܺóԣһ˾ͰᶼˣѼͷҲˡ
ٿСǱߣСһԵðͣһ󶼱СһԵĸɸɾ
ҶСӵĶӣЦСӶˡ
ٺ٣óԣҳԵĺñСһﱧԼҶ
Ҷľ˺«򿪺«ӿʼСӰϴһ飬ý졣
Ҫ𣿡Ҷʵ
Сһ˵ͷź«һ˺öڣɿ«ʱСӳһ
ҶģЦˣź«ߵ˽OߣЩˮɣղŻԵʱ˲ٺ
ллOֽӹ˺«ܾԼʲôһ˼ڣһֱﲻԾ
Ҷ«ôôܾ«ˮòһһֱܴ浹ˮ
ҶĹϵ֮ǰ˲٣OҲûǰôҶˣɴ˳ôܾ«ˮòһָо𣿡
OʵʱעҶɫ
Ҷ俴˿OʼЦûע⣬ӦҴˮıȽڣˡ
ˣ˵ﻹЩءҶҶȻһڵ£O㲻˵ˡ
Ҷ䵽˽Oϣۿɼķ˷ɫҶ䴽䣬ǲȥʰˡ
O͵͵ҶһۣԼһЩ£Ҷòĺۺ˵£ƫƫԼе飬Ūȥ
OƵһԼϢˣ˵Ͳ˵ԼҲܷ֡
Ҷϴ˹룬׷ǳԵһβʣ⻹в٣Ҷ׼Щˮ˷ŵ棬ɼ
ʰЩʱȴӵϵͳʾϲףŮOøж+30ǰŮøж-100
Ҷһ۾ˣתȥOȴOϢЩ죬ôOĺøжͻȻˣ
OȻȴû˯ţҶȻªǺůͣ涼͸磬Ψһһ͸ĵطǰ滹˻ѣһ㶼䡣
ڱҲޱȵİģûҶڣԼֵ¶ڣֻܰܶˣôţҶһ·Ҳȷࡣ
Ҷ䲱ϵĺۣO㲻ȥˣȻҶ䣬Ǻԣĸо˲٣һԼҲģòԼҧҶ䣬Oˡ
ҶǱϵͳ30øжȴ֮ǰ10ûҶ׼һ㲻æʱٿϵͳնʲô
һ30֣˵Ǵ¡
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O״˲٣ΪҲҪҶ䱧ţҶСӼһ
СһԵĿģǲ֮СҲһֱȰȰȵ˵ͣ
ҶСֶ죬СһŲ˵ˣֻ˯˺ܾã˯š
Ҷ˯ţɴ񣬡Ҫ˯ŵĻҿŵ㣬Ҫ˻Ƕ￿Ҫ֪֪
ŷСһǽӵһرĿģһĿǵӪء
˴ĻҶҲˣСӿܱûǿڵó컹ûںú˯һ֮ǵø߾С
Ҷһ˯ر㣬ӻůͣű˯ů͡
ͬʱҶ֮ǰסɽߵ˷ӴЩΧ
˷ѹ뻴ǲԶˣҴӦǣֻҪǸŮǬԪɱˣǽȥ
ģֻһˣôˣ϶Ƕ֡
ԣ϶Ƕ֡
񸽺š
˷ɽ;Ҳͬʬ壬ȥȴͬʬһǮûУ˷ӶˣǼϴ˲ӳֻʣԼˣͬϵǮҲǱŮˣʲЩ¡
ɽ˿ʱɽһֱûж˷ǬԪȥ鿴ŵŲɽһСһЩģ̽ͷ˿㷢ɽʲôûС
ֱ󺰵ʲôûС
˷Ӹţ˴˳˷ֱӳ嵽ɽŲѾûˣѶѾϨʱˡ
˷ܻ쵰ܵͦ졣
ɾôŹҶ䣬˷ֲģϾͬϿʮǧöͭǮģɲһСǮôҶ䣬ģ
˷ӴȥŮǬԪ˭ҵŮˣҰͷûȵ˻֮󣬱㲻ñˣֱӸ£ұ֤ԺȲó壬˵
һ⻰в˶˼ԭָŽǻȥˣڻһó·һʱ䣬Щ˶Ǵ˼Ѫһ
ǸŮǬԪôˣܴӮ
ԣҷͷң϶ҵ
Ⱥһɢ˷ҲżȥˣΣЩ˶ٴЩǻ϶ųľ˷һذס
ʱ˷˶ߣǸʮǬԪһ۱㷢ӡûв˽Ϊ֪ҶеҲ˲ԼȥҶ鷳
ɴ󺰵ǿӡŮǿ϶ˡ
˷ҲȺչȥѾǺƫƧˣӡǿ϶ҶģҰӡ׷ҵŮǬԪұ㲻ǽǡ
ôһвǵĸɾˣʮ˳Ⱥӵ׷ӡܡ
ҶߣСһҶ㶼˯ˣԼСֿңҶǽˣκζԼҪСӼǵر
һģ֦ڵһԼĲֺ
㱼Сһж￴˿ûˣСһﻹΪԼˣֶһ˺нŲ
СһﲻҴ⣬֦ȥҶˣҶ㣬Ҷ㣬лˡ
Ҷ˹ǽ뵽˯ߣԾɾ衣
СһԼҶʹӱӻOҲˣôˣ
ˣOչ˺Ҷ˵Ѿ嵽ľԣľϵĳ˳
ЩŲӣӦò١
OҲóذףӱӻСһﻤ˻
Ҷɫʱ㿴˲ԶȺˣЩԼߵ˷Ӻ
Ҷɫ䣬Լ֮ûɱǸ˷ӣΪǶʮ޹ڿЩҲ޹ȻҪԼ
Ҷ䳤ǰһָٸǰҲ
ҶƻˣȺĲסˣǰߡ
˷ӴʲôǲֻлһСӣǶʮˣֻҪŪˣǸ·˵
ǱˣһЩ뻴ǣһֶҶȥ
Ҷ䴽ǹ˹һũߣȻ̫ˣŻЩ˿ɳ֮ǿ֮˱пɺ֮
ʮˣлмһҪģȻǶ˺üˣҶ䵹ǲηЩˣֻǾЩ˿ɱֿЦ
ٴѵ˵һΣڹԶ㣬һǶ֣򣬿ɾͱҶˡ
ģֻһˣ˭ͷܸ£ұ֤ǳԱů˷ٴιĶš
ЩеĶ˺üգ񱾾ʹڱıԵǿԣ˿̵Ҷ䣬˵һͷǸȥ˼˷ӵЩŵжֻܹ֣ץס˾һ㣬һҪҶ
ЩȺ鼤ܣͺҶнⲻĳԹһ㡣
˷Ӽ״˵شЦϣҶ٣£
ԣ£ɱɱǾܽˣǾͲ̼ˣ
ɱҪǳԱ
ɱ
ҶĿЩˣȴƽЩѾɥʧ˻жֻЩ˰ڲĿܶѡ


41 
ЩмǬԪѾƲסԼ, ǱȺи߿ĹľЮţͷѾʧȥǡ
˳ľͳҶ˹ȥ
ɱɱǲܽ, ֵǳ尡
ϣɱŮˣ
վڱӻǰĽOüͷһ, ߬ذ, ǰСһﻤ
O䵽Ҷ, ôˣҶһ
ڽO˼ЩʱҶѾ, ȻЩ˲Ȱ, Ҳû취
Ҷųֱӳȥ, ĽŲ, ǺΪһ塣
һɵķߣߵڵأͬʱҶĳһ, סһ˴Ϯľ
Ҷ䵶һ, ˳ľ˵ֱֻۣһҽɿľ
ҶȴûиĻ, һᣬӦء
ҶĸҶ, Ҳסˣ׷ܡ
˷Ӵһ, ֻһˣ, ϣ
Ҷɨ˷ӣ裬Ųͣƶ߼䣬Ҷһǰ
Щϴı˲ͬЩ湦ϵģЩ϶޸֮ˣټϳʱļеľòȣҪ˵Ҷвˡ
ۼҶһɱˣѾȾѪ˵ǽָҶٻܻҶ䣬ھ͵
뷨ЩںĴѾʼɢˣ˷һּвǶĶȥɱŮˣǶȥǡ
˷Ӵ󺰵ʱһۣ֪˭Ӻһš
ܳˣ뺦ǣŮôҪǳȥȲȥǣھ͵ܰҡ
ԣԣܣܡ
Ǻʮ˶ɢӴܣҶųɱ˽ȥոǰҪɱ߰ˣûһ㶼û
˷ӶɵˣҶѪĳһһȥ˲ϸոձһŵʹֽŲõȥ
Ҷ߿˷ӣֻŲͬʱؾȻʪˣˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ첽ȥ˵ӡ
˶ˣҶ䣬ŮкãҪˣЩɶ
ǻ˺йϵѾһΣԼûаջᣬֲҡҶ˵꣬˵ĺ
Ҷˣֱϵȹ϶ѪҶûȥϵѪɨΧһȦȷѾûˣŷġ
Ķ죬ҶҲֻ˷Ϻúһ飬ִ˷ѵʮ326öͭ塣
Ҷ佫Ǯȫյ˿ռȥ
Ӫظʬ̫ˣҶŵСӣ㽫Χʬ嶼
OǱСһﲻСһҿOԼֽҲǱģոտô˳ԼŵùǺҶڡ
OҲҷɾ裬һֱСһҶ
Ҷȫ8ʬȫקϲСӿ
ЩᵶȥҶ߽ˣOæ϶Ѫһȹɡ
Ҷ˵ͷȥľǱһ洩ȹմѪȹ£һµģѳøոյľ·ɾЩҶְմѪȹӵ棬Сӿ
֮Ҷ仹ֺúϴϴʰԼOŰѻСһſ
СһҲŵùǺ۾߶µʵ㣬˶𣿡
ţˣ¡Oš
С˲䣬ֿҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ˡ
Ҷ˹ȥСһС֣οģڣûܶǡ
šСһŹԹԵͷ
ҶͽOСһһСһŻֻȴǲڿյˣԹԴӪԱ߿ѵĵطС֦ڵϻ
ҶԼĿģҲûйתͷȥO㻹𣿡
O˵ͷãˣҪ㣬Һֲˡ
û£һģǺҵлҶ˵ţȴлӵøжȡ
ȺһţҶ˯ȫޣǽOûһˣϾ¶ڣҶ¼Ϣˡ
ԼСһһС֦Ӫظĵȫ˶
Сһ˷ܵĲУЩϮǵ飬СӣĿ죬ȥҲ죬СӵԴֻʣˡ
ǽOһʱ򣬾ͼһһСǱӻĿյϻʲô˻˵Цġ
OҶ˶ͷЦЦˣϢ𣿡
ͦõģڣOһʣһ߿Χĵ棬ͼĵȫ֦߰Ķ
ҶЦЦأΧˡ
ٺ١Сһǿĵ
Oϸ˿ͼΧȫ߰ͿѻҶû΢һ㣬Ҳһѡ
OüģСɡ
ҲǷҶ䣬Ե˵ʱɱϵİѵȫˣһʱȴЩôɵĻ
Oﰵ²Ҷ䣬üȴԾ䡣
СһﻭһҶһ£׼ˡ
СһȥҽO԰ˣ㿴һĿɲɰ
OŵŤ˵Ļˣ򴽱Ц˵ͷÿˡ
СӱˣϵЦָָһߣҶ㻭ģҲÿ
Oǳ˳飬Цͷȷʵÿ
Ҷ仭Ļûǿ٣С˵᫣֫ûۿǳĿɰ
СȴѽOĿ佱棬˷ܵܵҶߣҶ㣬ҽ㻭ĺÿ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷһСӵȷ㲻ڳң
ʲôǳѽҶ㣿Сһﻹ˼ֻñ˿ǿ϶ĵġ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷСӵ˵ߣûлشСӵ⡣
СһﱻͿĵĲУϲ档
Ҷ䶺Сһȥˣǰźãˮһ󣬵ˮ֮ҶŸһһݽȥζȸųԺó̫ࡣ
OҲӱӻһ壬Լࡣ
ҶѾʼʢݱˣÿ˵ﶼʢһ룬ſʼԼǷݡ
Ŀڸ㣬ݱ֭ȻЩͣǶҪЩ֬ṩڻסҰ⡣
ҶԵĺ㣬̧ȥСӣͼСӵԵĹĹҵģʱʱĻμԴȻԵĺܿġ
ҲͽOĳÿôһЩڿмͷOҲ˹˹ĵġ
Ҷ俴˼۾ջߣOĺøжȺò-100ˣɲúøжȱ͡
Ҷһ룬ָԼʢһ룬ֻһûмˣܹôһֻܳѾܲˡ
СһҲûԹСȥҶˣҶ㣬һҪ
ãܹҶ˵ţҲСʢһ룬СһʢԵĿļˡ
OҲ˰룬һݱ˳Եĸɸɾ
˷ɫҲȫҶڻԽϴŻ˱ӻϢ
СԲĹĵСӣĿڽ㻳Ϣ
OСһĶ˳˼ԭΪӻ֮һٱԲأôڵȫһǲûСӺ֮ǰˡ
OùĹҵСӣ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ䡣
ţôˣҶűʵ
ձʢô෹ˣ㿴СӡO˵ţġ
ҶҲЦеģУ첻̫ˣСĳŻˡ
СһƵԼϵ⣬


42 
СһƼ, ֣СһﱳԼҽ㣬OһӰ
Ҷ䶼Ц, æο֣, ɰˡ
СӺ˼, ίİͰ͵ſŲǡ
ҶͽOһ, ûסͬʱЦ˳
OЩڵƿߣҶҲû쵽̶ֳȡ
ҶҲЩεץץ, չȥȥС, , ˺òã
СһﱾҲû, ýǺҶһ壬Сֿĵ
ٺ, ûŷСһ, һҶһȥҽO棬æĲֺ
ֹ˺һ, Oоֿʼˣ߲ɵĿҶǱߡ
ҶűӲû˯, ڿŻѷڿԼ˹ȥ
OɫЩ, Ҷʵôˣǲˣ
O򴽵˵ͷȷʵѾ, ûеͷԻĵز
ҶæСҲŹĵĴ˹
Ҷ߿СһڵԹԵĳǱ˯ͷǣҵøҩˡ
ŷСڴӦǹɵŤ˯
ҶСתȥˣŴյ˽Oߣڰɹȥɣ΢תһͷ
ҶЩε˵֮ǰļζǽOʧȥʶʱģǲúΡ
OҲЩڣҶ˵̫ˣȷʵҲûиõİ취ԼҪʧȥʶˣֻ㣬ϾҶ䲱Щõ֤
Oһת࣬ˡ
ҶսսĴ˹ȥԼĸǽOˣֵøжȡ
վŴȣ󽫴˹ȥҶóʹʹǸϽɹȥ²źá
ôţһҧ£Ƶζһһע뵽˽O
Ҷɵĺܼʱ˽Oûʧȥʶĸܵɱ뵽ָоеֵֹģ
߲ԾĿҶ䣬ֻҶڸ㣬ҶO£ͿҶȵֻ֣ü΢΢𣬶ҶЩ⣬ֻڲ˵ʱ򣬽Oûϸʡ
ԼһյĹҶýOûôˣ˿߿򽪽OЩ𣿡
O˵ͷţöˣֻͷЩΡ
Ҷ㣬ȷʵˣͷȴεģǺһOţӦǺҶйء
Ϣһҷ㡣Ҷ˵ţæַŽO£˳ָOҴ˱ӣ۾Ϣһ˼ЩζҲû취£Ƚá
O˵ͷͷֻ۾Ϣ
Ҷ˯ˣ׼תԼıǱߣȻͼС۾Լ
ҶһʵСָˣ
Сһһ޹Ҷ㣬˯ȻʱͲСĿˡ
ֿɶˣҶ̾˿ʵ
㱧Žҧ˺þáСһգŴ۾˵
ҶסСӵ죬˵˵Ҳˣͱ֪֪
ΪʲôѽСӼʵ
ױᣬСӣԹ˯ɣҲ׼˯ˡҶСһ˵
ŷҽͽ˯Сһ˷ܵĴյԼҽߣԹԵĸԼǺ˱ӡ
Ҷ˼ľͷȷһʱˣű۾
һ죬Ҷ˯úֻܳһֱŻѣԼʱһҶһΣĻѾˣǻûϨ
Ҷ˲ٵ֦Ͳ𣬻һ
˯һ˲٣ûмŻȥ˯ڻԿ
ʱҶжֻϹ̫ʲô㹻Ҷ侯ˡ
ѵǰЩߵҶЩȷȴѾС
ҶվüŲԶֹһﴫ˼Ǻ
Ҷ˶ֱסˣ˵ǰǲѶԸȺˣ鷳ˡ
ҶûȥԼ亹ȥյ˽Oߡ
ҶһƽOһֻס˽O졣
Oѣо죬
Ҷ˹ȥСЩȺǧ
O㱻ˣôȺģ
ڻ֪Ҷ˵ţͬķһСӵ죬һȥСӡ
СһԺıˣǱȽO򶨣Ҷ䣬СһͷĿҶ䡣
ҶѹлˣԹԵģҪ˵һ¡
Сŵ˵ͷֽŵԼС졣
OҲЩ޴룬ԻҶ仹ܲһȺOˡ
ʱԶִ˼Ǻ~ʱʱĴ
СһﱻŵСɷףڽOﲻҶˡ
ҶѾʼϵͳˣڻ40øжȣһһЩӦĶġ
Ҷٵɨһ壬һ۾ͿǸʮþҪ
Ҷ˶һϵͳĲҶԺ𣬡ϲʹ2øжȶһʣúøжΪ38
ҶһʮѾҶ
ӵ˵ϣִľҳһҶ佫һأֱӰϡ
һѱСӣСӰԼ
Ҷ䣬ҪʲôOʵ
ѾȫˣǵУټǻ˻ǻѾˣ˯ˣǵȥҶһ߽ţһ߶ĽСһԼϡ
ٶOţĶҲҪȥһȥ˻ϵϣһȥ
ãҶ䣬ǧСЩOۿ΢΢Щ죬飬ѾԶˣʼӻĵʱ֪ҰգҲû뵽ҰôգȻҰǡ
Ҷ䲻ٶ˵ߵߵʱ˳־Ͱƥյ˿ռʱ򽪽OڽԶȺ˸ûעƥ顣
Ҷ֮԰ˣһǲװױȺһƥҲǻܻܿȺ
ҶЩ˦öܽ˦ȥһûйС
Ҷ˼ԣһ֮εĹסһ׳֦Ҷһ£˫ֺݺݵקӣ˿ȷ֦ܹأ˫ץӿʼ
˫ץӣ˫ǵΪ˫ּḺɼҶ˫ҲĥۣϾ󻹱һˣС˵ûжأҲнʮ
ϵʹӲҧ˴ȵվϵʱ򣬾ͿԶмƥֻǼƥﻹʲôþ̫Զɫ̫Ҷ俴
Ͱϵӽ⿪ӵһϵһ֦ϣȥ


43 
Oվڴ, ĿŲԶǵʲôߣ̫O, ĺѾϸʪˣO˫ȭ, ָΪЩס
, æ˹, OѸٵԼϲȦ˫ק
ҶڹڴĴ֦ϣܵӵ, ֪OӦϵ, Ҷ䲻ҰСһ, ԼһСˤȥ, ͱСһڵϣ˫קӡ
Ҷʹ, ƴе, ˫ֱѵҲɿ
ҶOһһ㱻̧
һξ룬Ҷı, ֻ˫ץӣԼһһıȥ
ֻԼĻ, ָôأԼûҲӦֻܵˡ
Oҡҡͷ, ŬԼ򶨣Ťͷ濴ȥ, ͼոյļƥŻǱ߽һЩЩǵŵĲǱģ˵ʬ塣
OڰУ屾Ͳʣǽʬҧǳ漫ѪȣOǳЩۿҲź
飬ֻ֪жֲǱ߿¿ϡ
ҶѾ۵ͷˣ˫ֵΪͨ죬СӴҶֻС͵͵ĨᣬҶӣԼ̫СˣﲻæҲû
СӺż鷳Լ͵͵Ŀޡ
˿̵ҶҲȷʵ˲ϱģֲڵıԼĦţѵۣҲֻҧš
Ҷ̧һ۲ԶѾԼŵĶʬˣƥڷʳʬ壬Ѫһء
һţָһ򻬣ûץȣµһڡ
OҲųȥ׹һڣOֻԼĿҪؿˣҲ֪ʲôʱ
OǲҶ䣬෴ģܸмҶôΣյ£ûжֱֻ۵ĸܵԼСΪΣյʱûһ˻סá
ݵͣٹҶҧͣקŴOٴ֮ߣֵҵǣҰԵľˣƺûжҶǶֵĴ㡣
ЩҶ䲻ԸԼעԸȺǾԼ
ĻʹһO
OĽȵĲȵϵʱҶ۵ԭȥϵ¼ʪˡ
OҲĶϡ
ô̸ڣֵĿյغܴ㹻ҶϢġ
Ҷ洭Ϣţ˺һֿʼԼϵӣֻԾɻۣӦĥˡ
СӴ󱧵ǰſɴϢ
Ҷ߿ǣƥԵĲֺƺҲˣûйϮҶǡ
ɼҶҲǲģʱһһȥĻҲڻϨҶϣˡ
O˻СӣҶǰѴOȫ
Ҷһҹû˯ʱעʱҶվܣΧѾûȺټֻʮ׿ĵϣм߶ѵİ׹ǣЩѪƤⱻȺϳԱˡ
Ҷ䲻Ҵ⣬۲˺һȷȷʵûˡ
OҲ˹һ϶Сӣﱾͺ䣬οǾսľĹһҹʵҲֻ˯һʱ;
ôˣȺ𣿡Oѹʵ
ҶҡҡͷӦòˣȲҪóȻȥ
O߿Ҷʱע⵽Ҷ֣æʵ֣
Ҷ俴һֵۣĶˣҹһеĵطѾˡ
û£һСˡ
Oü֪Ҷ˺ԼйأЩھε̾˿ʱﲻҶ䣬Ҷ׸
ҺˣǣԼЩӦûɡ
룬˵ᰲȫİǴϱߣҾһҶ˵ţָһǱҪ뿪
ǺܴûнΪԱˣɽվͲͬˣ֪лˣ˵׼ʲôʱֻҶ׼뿪
һԼռܿҲסˣǸֵľҪ˷ţ̫£ǽû̫ʱ˷ѣҶŴϵͳһһֵľ峵
ţҶʼɨ壬ϵƷÿնˢ£ҶɨһȦһֵľҪ10øжȶһ
Ҷҧҧ˶һԺϵͳĻеϲ׻10øжȶһ4ľһʣøж28
ҶƲƲ죬һľĻͦ󣬵û취˭ǸƷء
֮Ҷ̳ɨһȦõĶڵŵм俴ǰ󻹴һͰ
Ҷǰһⶫ㹻ãҲ򵥣ֻҪ׼֮۶ɡ
ͰжټʸҶԺϵͳ
һֻһ10øжȣҪһ𣿡ϵͳ09Ļе
Ҷ˶һһ룬ٴյϵͳĻеϲ׻10øжȶһɹǰʣøж18
ҶȻۺøжȣҲеˣ԰Զ̽˶Ͳæˡ
ҶɨһȦʵһһ¶ָ׵ģǺܿϧûһĶֻܵԺˢˡ
ЩҶ佫ٴһ֦ϣתԽOOҰ󵽱ϣǵóȺԱˣ뿪ص·ȥ·˶࣬Ⱥȥ˶ĵط
áO˵ѾСһﱧҶ
СӹԹֱҶ䣬OСһʵʵ˨Ҷĺϡ
Ҷ߿򽪽OڵȰȥ
ֻˡOЩǵĿҶ֣ҲʯĳˣҶȷʵΪ˾ǲܵˡ
û£С˶ѣԺǵøϽߣܵˡҶ˵Žһϵ˽OϣһҪһζҴӣȻȥˡ
ãҶˡOæͷ
Ҷһסӵһˣȥ£ء
O廹ϣҶ䲻ý
OҶ˵ͷСһ࣬˳ȥ
Ҷ˫ӣڵ֣ȥ
áOԣ֣Ҷҧһһ·ӣOҲһһ㻺䡣
ʱOȵ䵽˵ϣҶҶ䣬ˡ
ãϵӽ⿪ȥһߵǡ
Oæ⿪ӣ˵һߣ˫ĿĶϵҶ䡣
Ҷһ£ȷ˩ڴ֦ϵȶ˫ӣһһµʡ½ٶȼ죬ҶһӶûãʹŽȵĴϵ
Oϲͬʱ־Щ˼飬Լ˵ɲ˵飬Ҷô׾ˣҶֻݳС
ҶѾӽ⿪ˣӵһ˻ϣòˣҶеϧҲǹЩʱˡ
ս⿪ӣO˹Ҷֿ˿ֻҶϣ˿ڣֱ¸˿ڣеĵطѪ
ˡOЩĵü˿ڡ
Ҷ䵹ǾνĩʱܹصĶˣû£վͺˣǵøϽˣҰ
OæƵҶ󣬰СӴҶϽ


44 
Ҷ俴һ֮ǰס, һڵǸO, ҰǱߵıʰһ£ʰľ, ǵøϽˡ
, ҶֶСӵ, ȥһʰòã
ŷµʱСǸĹɡ
ܵ˽OߣҶ俴˿ǱصһһС, ˶æµ, Էġ
ҶľϵĶȫŲ, ЩĿ˿OǱ, ˶ûпչԼһֳս˿ռ, ȡ֮ոնһֳ
Ҷ˿, OŵӣûտԼߣһ, ֮ǰƥ˳
ЩҶֱͦ, ľ׵ƥϣӽƥľ֮Ľʵʵģſʼ֮ǰĶľᡣ
Ҷʰʱ, OҲ崲ޱˣȥҶʱ, ͼҶѾʰˡ
OɫǷ˲٣ޱ˹
Ҷæ߹ȥӹޱޱķŵϡ
OȥޱСӣҲ֪ԼæʲôСһŽOػصģ۵ĹǺ
һӱҶ˳Oվڳ߲ͷϵĺʱŲ˲Ծôľ֮ǰ˲٣ǵã֮ǰľֻӣôһ±ĸˣ
OԼ϶¶ڻûֻþˣ۾ҡҡͷͼԼԺЩʵʵ뷨ͨͨϳȥǵ۾ʱľǸոǸӣԾĸӡ
OЩŵָָľֿ˿Ҷ䣬ڵҶ䣬ľôˣ
ҶԼĺ󾱣ں϶㿴ˣ֮ǰһֱõľ㻹¶Ҳģڲ˵ЩʱȺϳǰǣ߿Щ
OʣҲ֪Σգʱѹ£ַųıأҪȥ
ҶϳϵķѾɴһѽOĺ˳
OԼҶæȥޱãҰҲ
˵ҶСһѳֱӷŵ˽OߣڵץˣھߣøϽ߳ƬֲС
šOһӵʶţҲֻʲôˡ
ҶŲߵƥǰǣƥǰȥľҲȻЩɲ·˼·ĽO˵Ѿˡ
OڳϿ˿Сӣʵ֮ǰʲôһ𣿡
СһҡͷȻҲ˺ܶ࣬㶼ܺһˣСһﻹǼᶨҡͷҶ㶼˵ˣǰǿ϶ǡϾҶˣֻóԵģˣܱԼ
СһѾҶ֭˾Ҷܣ˵Ļ϶ǶԵġ
OɻĿ˿ãһ棬ֿʼԼѵˣð
OϾע;ľɫ˳˼
ܿ˼Բһ죬ˣƥҲˡ
˴֮ר¿ֻʣǵľлѣûƥȻңܿ϶Լûп
ôţO͸ɻˣŤͷ˿ǣƥҶ䣬ֻԼ͸Ҷˡ
Ҷ߻ΪԼɻˣǲǰֵǵٶȿ˲٣ʱ֮ҶǾ»ص˴·ϡ
ֻҶ㹻ۣһŮǬԪһŮ󣬻һСӣصǻƥֱǰѡҡĸдϡ
ΪO¶ڣҶǵ·̣·нֻһЩ˸֪Ҷֵֿʼ˴
ҶҲôƥһ㲻ãǾױ˶ϣԼҶ仹Ը˶ϡ
Ҷһ·ǰߣѵʱʱĿҶˣҲ͵Ҷǵƥû
쵽ˣҶ·ߵһټ·̫ܵˣûü緹
ôţҶͰ·ߣתԽOСӵҸطϢԵ緹˵
áOͷӦ
Ҷһ㣬·ҲͶʮҵľ룬Ǵﻹܿ·ϵ
Ҷǽ뵽ΧмҲЩԶҶΧʼ
Ҷ佫˨ãԼĳ˳嵽Աߵĵϡ
Աߵû뵽ҶﻹеҶǵĿһЩ
ҶҲ⣬óʯ𵶾Ҫ𣬽Oɣ㶼һˣϻˣˡ
Ҷ룬еɴѻʯͻ𵶵ݸ˽OУġ
ҶҲûţľչʢ˰ףѼ
ҶѶŵ˽Oߣ򵥳һЩٺúЩԵġ
O˵ͷҶѼʱOٴαסˣĲҶ䣬һ·ϵĴһֱû꣬ʱʱ⣬ѼЩҲԣѲɺ
OҲû˵ʲôϴһ£ˮ׼ɳ࣬ѼֱӰһֱӳԾͿˡ
ЩOֿҶ䣬Щڵ˵øҿ
Ҷû飬˿İ˫˳̯
Ҷץӣ㲻϶ɾĴûɺԵѪ
OüȰˮһ£ҩ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷȥľҩʵǴӿռҩ˳ЩҩϴЩƦġ
Ҷʢҩͱİ˹ȥʵҩģأеĵطˡ
ҲУҰ⣬Уܴ⣬Ȱһ˿ڡ
O˵ŰѺ«ӴˣҶ״׼ϴһϵա
OȴֹĶ֣
һ߻ˮҶϴϵա
֪ǲҶĴܾȪˮϴһ£ϵ˿ڶˡ
ȳϴ꣬OøɾĽ֣һֹѪҩҶ˿ϣɴҶ˫֡
Ӧþܽ裬ٰˣǵҩۻбʡЩãϱ߻Զء
ţ翴ѾˣͲˡOһʰҩۺͱһߵ
״ƲʵЩҩĶģ
ϴδЩƦѳģþˡҶЦŽ͵
OĿҶһۣҶ˵ͷ·Żľϡ
ҶͽOĻΧ˶Щ˼ҶеЩɵǼҶ˫ֶˣ˴
ʱʱĽ̸ʲôʱʱķЦֻ˭Ҳûȶ֣ƺ֮
ҶܵΧƵĿ⣬һͷͼԶһͷŽO
Ҷֱ˽Oǰײϡ


45 
˼Ҷ俴, ҶһЦŮǬԪǷһ͵, Ƕֵġ
ҶĵOҲյĲԾ, קקҶ, ʾҶ¡
ҶŲ鲻Ը, ߿򽪽Oʵôˣ
O˿Ҷ˵֣, ñЩͻ
Ҷ˵ͷ, Ҿ
ϵֲ, ǬԪһ, ҪЩӲҪҶ仹Ǵ㶯ֽ
˵ŲͻʵԼס˸ո˵, ٴO
OȻҲҶĶ, 䣬˫һʵһ·Ͽ, Ҷ仹ǺܻʳģԼĺܺá
OЩԼ뵽ʳ, ΢΢Щ죬ҲæҶƲ
ҶûвOھĶܵļ, ֻҪǸ£Ҷ׼ε֡
ǼҲʱעҶ, ȻЩ˶ûаҶϾҶ䳤Ҳ˳ǻܵӡ
СܹҶͽOôڿѽ
ҶЦСһ£ڣ˭Ҳ˲㡣
ٺ٣ҶˣСĵĴ˲ʺƨ
ոպҶӵǸƺǵȲˣͬվҶ
Ҷ˶ᵶվֱָǼˣûǣĻڸϽ
㣬úվӰɣһСѣõȵ𣿻Żӡ
ǣҿϸƤģҲһǺúú棬¶ˣСӣһ档
ʱʱķЦͬʱҶΧҲĶҶߵĶ
Ҷ˵˵ͷȻҾ·
˵ţҶ伸ǲ˷Ӧʱ䣬ųͳ˹ȥΪ׵þǸոնŽOˡ
Ҷһ˹ȥһ
ͬʱһ԰˴ҶؿڣҶ߿ͬʱǰһͣ˵ĲʱһӣѪעʱ˱ˤ˵ϡ
û뵽Ҷ俴ôôףͬˣҲɱۡ
һŲ˵Ҷ俳һ˳ͷҪҶͷ­
Ҷ䳤һ˦ɵĿò˵ϣĳ˳ǰһֱӿ˵ؿϣ˶ʱز
ӣֻʣ˸ոóͷ˻ţ˿Ҷ䳤ϵѪ飬ȶսվȡ
Ҷȴǳ˹ǣһ·ߺá
𣬹Ҳǣǳ⣬ҲˣĲˣ
Ҷûʧȥ־ˣһֱӽˡ
˿ŵˣҶֽԶһӰǵʳ
Ҷ룬Ѳ飬ö죬ûӣЯİҲһЩҶ䶼̫Ҫ룬ǰǰյ˿ռԵĻֵռĺҲá
ŴѪĳתʱ򣬾ͼΧûһ߿ģһԭأȶʵ
ҶOСһ۾ŷģȾѪȹ£˳ȹѳ˲
ִľ﷭ҳһɾȹϣ֮ǰȥ˼ҵĸ˲ٵȹȻġ
Ҷ任·OɿСһ۾֡
СӸæʵ𣿡
ҶЦЦţˡ
ҮҮСһֿĵ
ҶɵķΧΧļ񶼿캦ˣҶ俴һҲᣬ׳ǬԪȻ򲻹һҶ־ǱҪȥģЩ˿ɲȥһʵĲˡ
Ҷ佫ԵĵϣһѲµ졣
OΧû߿ſҶ䣬ˣҼǵ֮ƥҲˣôֳˣ
Ҷû뵽O£ŪܣΪϷأһڣһ𣿿϶Ϊ㻹¶ڵԵʣۣԲѽ
СվҶߣһĵͷԣ
ǣ㵹O˵ʱģμգԼþͿʼҶ˵ˡ
Сһ״ָæչȥͽOҲ㣬ٺ~
OСӣСһſڵĿµƥˣ
С˼Ƭ̣϶ĵ˵ͷûпҶ㱳ŻˣĶ¿Ҷ˵УǾͿ϶У
OһСӵĻһ㲻ţҶĻţԲῴ϶ҶʲôܣȻ˵ԼԺ⣬϶ҵҶ
ˣﶼûʵOСӣˡ
ҶСһգգ۾Сһﶺÿֱ֡
ҶŲ˻⣬æ˲ӾҪȥƹǡ
Oæ˲ӣɣϢһ£ȥǱߺһ𡣡
аɡֻĲƤֶ˺
ȻOɣֻŲλá
ҶСһԹԵĵȴͶι
ΧļеӴ͵͵߿ͼոս˵Ҷ䣬ߵһС˵ЦģƢõĲˣͺոŵȥ˲һ
ЩŵûھҸոճȥµĲǣǿҲ׶༪١
OֱʢѼãŵŸҶСӰ˹
С̣˽OŵһʯͷϣСӶԵ
ҶҲˣֳ㣬ټϻ͵Ѽôһڶޱȵ㡣
һ࣬˳Եĸɸɾ
Ա󣬽OѹϴˣǱʰ׼·ˡ
O뿪ڵǣƥɣҲһˡ
ҶЦҡҡͷãһǬԪǰǣܱϣҪǣ˼ҶΪҲأҪˡ˵¶ڻû꣬ǶϢɡ
O˵ͷҲЩ飬ҶҲһЩҶ˵Ҳе
Ҷ뿪ڵôܳŵסǷĻ㣬Ҫ·ϳ¿ɾ鷳ˡ
O΢΢ųҶ΢΢ףΧ϶߹ˣһ·ǰҶ
Ҷ߿СӣСգգ۾֡
תȥ͵OСһۣ
ðɡСһﲻ鲻ԸתԼһ֦ʼڵϻޡ
СתȥˣOųҶ΢΢ףɡ
˵ţOϵĸҩƿͷ˹ȥ¶Լ
Ҷ˹ȥʵ׼𣿡
O˵ͷȴٿĺζǰ漸βͬεԼѣҲûзȣҶ˵̫ˣǽOֲòôڴ·ԼɢԼζɾͲҶһŵˡ


46 
ҶҲЩ, ԾԼȣԼʧأСĴ˹ȥ, һһĶ˹ȥ
OֻƵһһĵĳ壬һ˿˿, о, ߿Ҷ, ͼҶȣü΢΢ǵϴҶʱ, Ҳô, 
Oһ, Լ𽥵ı, Ҳ˵ˮҶʲôãֻһ, ԼĶ, ơ
һOҪŪվסˣҶæŽOĺֹˤ, ż˶㣬һֱò, ĽOҲˡ
O˶̱Ҷ仳˫ֲԾץҶ°ڣҲȾ˺, Ҷļ羱˲䣬ĺһ
Сȴ廰, ֺҶˣٺ~
Ҷ˱۾ͼСӲ֪ʲôʱѾŤˣ𾢡
Ҷε̾˿ʲôʱתģ
ǽ㱧ʱҺܹԹԵģûҧ㡣СգŴ۾һ޹
СӡҶεҡҡͷ漴ԹԴţҰ㱧ϳȻٱȥ
ŷСһԹԵͷ
ҶһŽOĺһֹ𽪽O䣬ѽOľOһӣO˯һЩ
ٺ˽OҶŰСһﱧЦʵ棬棿
šСӿĵ˵
СҶЦЦСӷŵ˽OߣСһǺ˱ӡ
ЩҶƥ·ܿģǱֻص˴·ϡ
ӹɵģҶһص·Ͼͳ˽㣬ٶӵҲеģûѡڴ·϶֡
ҿҶǸԵõӣΧ˾͸ˡ
˽һʱʱĵ㣩ʱ򣬽OľƾѵĲˣ֮ͷԼϣԱ˯á
Oǰ濴ȥͼҶ仹ǰƥOûĸеһġ
˵Ҳ֣ǰԼ޲ҶԴӻĿʼOȴҶڵĵطǾ԰ȫģ޳
˯ãOü䡣
Ҷһ·ߵ˻ǵĳ⣬ٵ񶼼ǵķߣҪַȻǵĳŸûˣسǵʿڳ
Ҷûйȥ֣ǲĿĵأҲ֣µĶǮˣԾǻɵġ
Ҳˣ·һԣҶ㿪ʼϢ
Oһ·ЩҲ׼ȥ
Ҷæ˹ŽO֣㣬ҷ㡣
OִҶϣҶĲ£˳˳
СӼ㶼ȥˣҲסˣҶ㣬ҲҪȥ档
ҶСӴӳϱԹԴţܣ̫ˡ
ŷСӵ˵ͷԹץҶȹڡ
Ҷ߿ԶǳǽǱ߾ۼȺվߣܿԶĳǽйٱء
µƺפصʿ˳ͻеͼǼߣҪǣسǵʿҲˣнֱɱЩһʱǰ˲١
ʱвҽеģģҪٱҪ˵󱻻ģпŵܵģ֮ǰһƬյ
Ҷһԣ˵ֱ˽OѽOŵ˳ְСһ˽O
ԾǵøϽˡ
ҶûܹʱֱƥŴ·ǰȥƥߵĺܿ졣
ҶǸûãİҽûйٱ׷ϣΪֻɢӴܣвӴбƵ󱻲̤
Щ˳ҽúÿ֮ҳһš
ҶһѾһѳôҵ£û˲ʲôԡ
ŸֵΣգֱӶ֡
ڣҶܵģҶԹԵû˶֣ɼҶҲͣЪһֱߵ̫ɽ˳Ŵ·ߵ;һ
ҲɢˣտգһƬš
ٵ׼ڴҸطסޣҶҲһ
ɫ̫ڣҶľһյ͵ΧҲ˻ѡ
Ҷѡ˴вһԺ䣬ԺӿȥƾɾɵģҲǺܵȡůס϶סԺǿࡣ
ҶǽԺ֮ҶԺŹˣ˳˼ӽԺŶס
Ҷ͵ȥƿţһƬڣܿӦƿһĵطӵмڷһŰԱ߻гĵӡ
Ҷ͵ݿ˿ͼһżªĴľ֮⻹һƾɵ¹
Ҷߵ˰ڷӵǼ͵Ʒŵľϣ׼ȥö
OæҺһ𡣡
Ҷס˽Oȥ·ã̫ˣһ˴ŻẦµģϾͻ
ǺáO˵ͷקȹСӣ˵סİϷţȷʵͦµġ
ҶѾٵĽƥյ˿ռӶ·ôһƥҪ˩ԺǾĳ˸׼ˡ
Ҷְѹ롢𡢱Щȫᵽ
еĶˣҶְԺľյ˿ռԺʲôûзš
OѾд˻һͺã˷Ļѻȡů
Ҷ俴˿ӵĴͼϵĴֽвٶˣҲνֻסһѣЩ϶ղҲж
ҶѼӱ˽е̵ľ棬ӣʣµ˯ʱǡ
O߿Ҷ䣬ϳʲôֻûãɡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲûƴǣһ£ҳȥóԵĶ
ʢ˰ףʱ׷ù˳ԣҶռʳﻹв٣֮ǰһ廨ʣռʮðײҲˡ
룬ҶɴóһðײˣЩ̼ˮûٳԣ߲ˡˮһûԵҶ䶼ȥñزɣҪʵĳһЩ߲˾Ӫġ
ôţһ̣ײ˺廨Ҷ
ҶһֱŰײˣһ廨߽ķ䡣
OｫʯͷڻԱߣһ̧Ҷʱ˶ˡ
˰ΣOվҶ
Ϊۻˣ۾˼룬
Oֹʵ̲ס˳ⶼĶģҲûľа
Ҳصúãû֣ʵ߲˺⣬⣬в˰ɣҳȥѴùҶһ߽Ʊ磬һӴܵôס
ȥ֮˿ԼҲ̫ˣ˵OˣԼЩŵɣϾϣҶһ˴׽䡣


47 
OѾͰײľϴһ, ŵгС顣
ʲʲôҲˣҶ, һµζĶ
áҶЩˣҲ˿, ȥøֵζƷˡ
O߽һк, ׼һ, ʡ²ٵֽͣкõŵһ߱ãְѰײг˿á
O׼Щʱ, ҶѾּδѵζƷ˽
OѾһСѻ׷, ȵζƷ, O㽫ŵ͡
֮ǰʵǲ, Լǧױûִֻ֮Ի, ǰҶ͡
ܿ;ͱ˳, ֮ǰķ˴㽹žͺóԡ
Oŵ͹﷭Ĳ˲ŷֵζƷ, 󽫰ײ˷һ𷭳һ, ζɢԶ
СվڲԶŹ̲סʿˮ, ôѽ
OЦЦϾͺ, ԹԵųԷ
ŷСһһӦ
Ҷ׼ȥչֱOֹˣ˵˽ֺúϢϢģͱҶˡ
ðɡҶûٶ֣СһŽOʢ
Oʱ򣬾ͼһһСĿŹü䣬ͻȻӿֳһͷҶͦģ
漴OҡҡͷٵĽŵһԣֽչʢÿ˶ʢһ룬ʢͲˡ
Ҷ֮ʹڴ󿪿ڵĳۣ滹һЩը׷ر·Ҷһͳ˰룬ȥʢһЩ˺ԡ
СҲԵļͷϻմŷһһڵĳԵر㡣
ҲͽOĳ໹˹ģҲˣɵϰߣԷ˹ġ
ҶҲûȥ룬ʢ˰뷹ò˵⻹ǺͲ˴һŸóԡ
һ׷һ˶ǳԵĲˡ
ҶСһһʳOʰ롣
Ҷ룬ȥӵĿŹֶ֮ʣԷҹϮЩֻص˷
ϢһҶҲϴˣСӺͽO˯ߣҶԼ˯档
ò˵иڷ絲ĵطϢȷʵҰϢĶࡣ
ҶЩ˯ţɵ˴ϢջһգøϽָ
OҲСˣʱҶĳҶһֱŴȣҲֹΣǵϴҲһҶΪʲôôأ
O˲²⣬ֲȷҶô
ҶʱôԼ
ͻһ仰ĳĬҶ䵹û뵽Oʵʵ˵㻹ͦŵģԼʧأ̲סʽһֱԼѡ
O߿Ҷ䣬߻谵Ҷı飬Ҷ˵ĵʵǬԪױЮʱȷʵʧȥǣֻǽOû뵽ҶĻôֹһΡ
ܳںԭҶԼ¶ڵʱĵȷȷԼչ˵ĺܺãҶʱҶҲܿƣֻǴ棬ûκصĶԼ
O˱۾Ҷ䲱ϵЩۣĶⲻԾķ죬Լ¶ڵʱ򣬺ûռҶˡ
OһתҶ䣬Ҷ䷢ˡ
ʵ߻谵ҶҲ壬ҪǽOԼ顣
ҶO˵ˣΪǽOҪ˯ˣԼҲ۾ʼ˯⣬ֻҶ˯ŵʱ򣬱Ժϵͳˡ
ϵͳ̶ĻеͻȻԺﲥϲףŮOøж+20ǰŮøж-80ʣһΪ38
Ҷ䱻ϵͳһŵòĹҪţϵͳ
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Ժ鿴һȦӲûҵټ
Ϊ׵˸ʹɫСߵǰ棬Ƿ׷ײĶȷ֮ܰеһ˲óذ
ذ׻ŷУһһĽ˨Ū˨ŪСţȴ滹ʲôš
´˿ɼˣʵͶҶˣǶҶǵûȤҪҶǵƥ͵ߣƥ߰նðˡ
ԭΪƥ˩ԺĶ֪ԺȻʲôûУˣȻҲֶ顣
˿̵ķҶѾոյĶŪˣŵһѾҶϡ
Ҷųߵ䣬ȻţǼ˵ĵȻҲûôֻţû˸óȻ
ҶôվſڵĲԶͻȻ䣬洫Ŷŵѳʱ߿ű߿˰졣
¹͸϶˽Ҷǰ˿һվֱӱŵá໡һҽУѸȥ
Ҷᵶ׷Ժۿˣʲôˣ
ܳˣǹͺãˡ
㣬ʶİƥǻܷһ
ԣֻҪƥֻҪ㽻ǾͷŹ㡣
Ҷüżˣ˶߶µģһǶûʲô飬ƫƫͦӲġ
Ǽ⵨ӣҲҹңҶ䶼Цˡ
Ϊ׵ǸмҶ䳰Цǣʱŭˣذ׾ͳҶȥ
Ҷһƫ˵ذףһɨ˱㵹˵ϣۼŲãҪǽȥҶֱŵȥһһԺʱͰˡ
ҶִӿռһƲӽɾԺʬûܣֱӾҲЩˡ
ѵɾˣҶ˻ȥOͽҲոյĶˣOСӻǰҶõذס
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Oµİذ˿ķԾЩģǣƥ᲻̫ҡˣ
Ҳû취ʲôĶҪƥˣҲ߲Զ·ԻϺãֻСһˡҶ̾˿˵
ҲֻˡOͷƥʡ£ֻһ㣬̫ױ˶ˡ
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ֻ˯ҹʱҶֱĶˣƺ͵Щ˿Ժʬ屻ŵùǺŲ·ǽ
ҶȥʱԺѾһûˣֻʣ˼ʬ廹ԭء
ûȥܣֻɫЩήңһϱΣ˭Ҳܲˡ
ȥ֮Ҷ䵹ͷ˯εһֱ˯
ҶʱĻѾˣæ˻𣬶˰׳֮࣬Ҷ仹׼Ѽ
ùڻţԼǳŰʬ˸ڵĿշһǳȥʱŻСӡ
緹·ˣһ·ϣԾҶǰǣOСһںĳš
ҶǳʱڴסҲ½½ĳˣ˳ҶǼϡ
ΪƥҶߵıҪ첻٣쵽ʱҶǾѾ˺Զ·ϢʱҶûҵط緹Եĺܱ緹ɴһ˳һЩţɹ
ͣ·߳ɵʱ򣬾ͿһĳӣǳвٵӡƥŶ˲ٵĴʹӣӵжڵʵһǴ˼ҵɡ
Ҳв˶͵͵ȺˣƺȺ˵ĵϸǺ档
öСһ߿ţɣһָ˹ȥ
OҲ˹ȥӵĸ̡
ô˵ţ뵽֮ǰԼõͬĸһȥݿ棬Ķ֪һ·ϵֵֻôأʱǺĸҲмҶͣȴ˵ɢǵʳƥ˲٣ҶͻӦҲˡ
ֻ֮УĸףԼȴᶫɢˣҵǣԼúôš
O̾˿Ҳ֪ԼϷ֮ܲҵǡ
Ҷ俴ǲ˵ǲôĽһƥĶױϣӵôƥĳӣǸױ˵ǣû汾µĻǺƽƽĵִϱߡ
ҶջߣԼţɣˣ֪һҾȥĶ𣿡
Oҡҡͷ֮һȥ¥ˡ
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ҶţǾֻܵϱ֮߰Լ취ͻȥˡ
һգҶߵĻ˳ֻǵĽų̺֧ӵĽų̲࣬Ҷ¶޵ʱ򣬾֧ڸ¶ޡ
Ƕ֧Ҳֲˣвٵ˳Ӻ棬ǲóȻ֣쳵ӳӣǾܼ©ˡ
˵յϣҶԾɻҰнһ΢ɾĵط㿪ʼԱԾвԶ֧ӡ
ǳӵ˶࣬ĻѺͻҲ࣬ŪΧҲŵƻͨ
ҶԴ˵ǲ⣬ԹԵĴOǸ
⼸ƥҶ˲٣Ψһ㣬ƥۿɼЩˣ⼸ҶιĶǸɲݣƥҲܹԸɲݣӺҲʱιһι
µҶȴûˣֻƥš
ţָŪЩɲݣԱ߻ڷһӵȪˮЩҶŻص˻
OѾײ˻ˣȵĳһ룬Ҷ˶ûôˡ
򵥵ʰһ£˱㶼СӲָָǱߣǱߺ
OõСЦ˼Ǳ˶࣬ȻãԹԹ˯ˡ
ŷСһĻص˱ԼԱ׼Ϣ
Ҷ俿ﲢû˯O¶ڹˣԾҹǰҹҶš
ģΧӵʧˣٵʰ֮ϢˣǱߵҲ
쵽ʱʱҶЩԶҶ䲻̫ȷɴſһյȥңȻһƥġ
Ҷæ첽ߵľ߰ľյ˿ռæȥнOСӡ
Oѣ鷳ˡ
OæѻЩС˻ôˣ
ߣӦò٣ǵøϽߡҶһ˵һ߰ѽO
죬ȵƥǱߵҡ
OЩҵıСȥƥǱߣҶǳûѱʲôĶյ˿ռ
ܵԱߣ׼ŽOѾΪʱ
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ҶæŽO£˳ִӵĨһѻңֱӺ˽OϣͬʱҶ͵͵ƥյ˿ռ
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Ҷ佫OĨģһ㿴OıĿĨСϡ
СֱӱĨڣԼҲǣִӵץһԼĨǺڻèһ
Ҷ࣬ѽOСӻ棬ԶЩҲ¶˳
Ҷ͵͵ȥЩ˸еɽˣ߹ģҲвеģЩɽһŰ裬޲֪ˡ
Ҷ߿ԶͼĵطƺǼܣǼֱӱΧ˿ɱѪ罦ﶼǣЩɽȴ˷ˡ
ҶĿһ£Χɽ˸࣬ϰٸҲųȥ
Ҷߵɽˣһ߿ΧɪɪӣһߴЩǱܣⶼǵ˰ΧˣܳȥĻһʵʵĸǻȥܻ
ԣʵʵıͷ׺ˣǻܵࡣ
Ҷ佫ͷͣʵ⿴ЩˣЩƺЩɪɪһ˸߲ҵǱȥˡ
Ƕʵ㣬ҪǰͷڣǸЩ
ǣǣȥҲǰ׳ʳ
磬Ҳô˵ǵɽկڽΧǽ𣿴˵ˣǬԪȥӹٺٺ١
û˵ҶѾĶԻ˶Է˼
Ǳ뾡ֻܻ죬ΧиɽΧţҶ䲻
һ˴˸ɽ˻еʤ㣬һ˶ԸʮɽˣҶֻĩʮ꣬ҲˡѪ


48 
ɽǰĳȥ, Լ˵ǵĿ걾֧ӡ
Ҷ͵͵ǰ濴˹ȥǱߵĺɱ, ʱʱĴҽС
СŵðСԼҽ㻳ҲŶͣ, OǽСӡ
Զ, Щɽײ֧ӵĻ, ٵɽ˼ǬԪᵶɱбɽģ֮, ǰķͬ˼һ㡣
Ϊɱ¾ĴЦ, ֧ӵеӴ, ȴΧɽϷˣ
ڸһ, ЩˣЩ˵İУЦ
ܰ, Ƭӵ˶Χ, ǻܣ
߸磬Щô
ֱɱҲ̫ˣ, ûǸ߸˷Цš
ҶСĵ̧ȥ, ͼЩɽѾɥʧԣǸ˵£, Щѵĸ̡ûκ
ʱ˽ոܵļӰ, ֱӵգʱҽ죬ЩȻѾǵһôˡ
ҶüһУЩĵĿ˽OСӣͼСŵòͣķOҲɫҰס
ʱ֮ɽǿʼֳӵƥɽսˣˣʵͶģɽϵһ𣬰ҶЩҲһ
ɽ˵ĺͣ߿㣬Ǳ˶ĵطȥ
ߣ
ܳˣʱܡ˵ţɽ˳ܵϾһ˶ʱҽһز
𣿸ܵľ³ȰЩʵ㡣
ȺʱֻոܵЩҲʱʵˣҶ令ŽOСȺжΣһЩ̵ļҾƺҲ˹
磬ɫ̫ˣȰЩѺɽկ𣿻Ǿ͵ذǬԪһ֡
Щ˵ǸĴ󺺣ӲʮͣͺͷһۣȥɣɽկﲻҲ𣿰˶ȥûпϵģʣµǬԪȫȥɽկΧǽ
ϣġͺͷƤЦӦ¡
ߵȺӻ˵ǰ𶼣ǣҪãɽկ˿ˣԺԼˣǿǣǴ壬ҲҪǵֻҪʵʵĸɽկǽֺõģ˵Ҳܼɽկ
ҶЩ˻ػոЩ˵ΪǶЩɱ˲գۣ۱ϻûбϣ׼ûк³
һηηǹͷΧֵĸˣ磬˼ҵɲУȥ˿ɵøǺú÷ַ֡
԰硣
ãδһɵƯȻȥˣɽ˵Ц˵
ΧŷЦɽ˵ֶ˵˼ʲôˡ
ʱǱȺһǰߣΧߵˣʱʱıӳϼ¡
ҶԭΪкܶˣϾǸ̼ʹӻʮˣոմЩ˼Ҳֻʮˣлһ붼ƾɵ񣬿ЩɽûɱˣǸ̼ĻӦǱɱ߰˰ˡ
Ҷüιɽϰˣлмʮƥȷʵס
ߣʲô
ߣˣˡ
ٷϻ
Ǽӻ£˼վվסˣһɽ˼ˣô߲ǰɣ˩棬ҵҪܲߵĶ
ϣ߸档ԱߵɽˣѰ˾˳
հ˱ӵ˴ҽţ𣬱ҲˣĲˡ
Ǹ󣬿Լɷץ˳ȥæ˹ȥҪˡ
ɫһ䣬·һɷȥˡ
˵ţһͱؿڡ
˩ʹһȥӵǰȴ޳ƥһ£ܾƥﴩ
˸û˾ͱٱܵڵнɽе֦ʯʱʱĻ壬ҽ
ڴͬʱҶЩѾ˵Щȥˣⶼһĸо
ҶջߣȺţתͷߵĽOͼOıСһɫѾЩˡ
ҶæֽסСӣѹɣϣӡ
O֪ʱǳǿʱЩɽԣˣӦš
ƽûЩõģ˱ӵһֱû䵽Ҷϡ
ԱߵһҲע⵽Ҷ䣬Сӵı٣οǽôһСӣ˲ɵö࿴Ҷ伸ۣɷҶߵĺܿ죬СҲܰһ㲻ڣһʱҲͷֶ˱ˡ
ߣӳ㣿
žžžһһ·ϣЩɽйɱ˾֮ࡣ
Ҷǵɽկſڵʱ򣬾ͿǸƥе˵ſڵϣѾˡ
Ҷ̧ȥɽկΧǽ⴦ţΧǽĿ¥ôߣмźܴš
Χǽվ˲ֳֹɽˣÿһξ붼˻ѣҶĿ
ǲԶһϵ˷ܵĺţνɻ˽ʮƥ峵ʳôˣһȥˣҺúףף
ΧɽǶ˷ܵĺΧǽϵɽҲһ
Щȴһŵ棬һľǡ
ʱЩ˾ͱϽɽկΧʮֵһ·Ҷʮ˸ϵһֿ
ǲֿⲻ֪ʲôģһŵĳζѪζҶǾͱѺ档
ûдͨ磬Ψһĳھſڣſʮճɽ˿š
Ҷü棬εȷЩ֡
һֱСӣһŽOĺǱЩ񼷵
Ҷһ·ŽO˲ֿмһǽλ£ȴԾڿֿſڵ
ֻһŵĻǵȷܣԼܳȥˣҲܴŽOͽ
Ҷ䲻׼ȴ￴˵
ʱȴͻȻҶŤͷȥǽOæѹʵôˣ
OЩģץҶֲûзſô죿կ˵жˣ⻹Ҵô
Ҷյ˽OϣȲ˵£ܷʲôֻҪҵᣬһ뿪
ҶĽOϵ֣ԱһǽǬԪƺҶĻЦأʲôʱˣŮˣ뿪Ҳʲôطô뿪
ƺҲЩʧأҶһ
ֿܺڣֻдܴսһЩѵ⣬Ҷɫĵ˹ȥҪٴ㣬ɽȽңɱ˴󳳴ֵ㡣


49 
Ҷôһ, ˶ʱûŵ棬̽ͷ̽Եſڿһ̸ۣЦ, 
Ҷʵˣ½Ͷŵſ, ſڵļȾ, ֿ, ɱף̵
Ҷúÿɽկĵι죬ɫ̫ʲô, ҲóȻж
ʱ, һ㴫˹, ɽս˽ʮƥ, Ȼȫ£ղǵɱһƥֳڴˮ, ʣһֱֵ˿ųԡ
֬ϵڲֿ, ſڵƺһ˷ֵһ롣
ȥ㰡⻹ʵĺóԡ
ǰ, ˮ¾ζóԡ
, ץЩӵķͺˣٶٳȾơ
˭˵أ
ҶȻҲô, ʵҲˣŵ濾, ʱˡ
һѾţɣҶ䲻ɫȥO֣ɷŵ˽Oϡ
OΪҶ֣ҶʱıֲǸɫˣҶӦҪ˵ֲ㣬Լд֣Oֿ̯ҶҪдʲô
һ߬һ£һţɡ
ҶֵͷȥСӶϵ˵˼䣬СһҲһ顣
СӹԹԵڽOţɣOҲ
һ·ȻҶڱʵ֮ǰŵɽկһξģôԶ·OҲȷʵˣټĶܴ󣬲ֿעⲻǡ
ҶҲһһ߳һߴ˿ռ壬׼滹ʲôõĶ
ҶĿռԴƷǲܽȥģȻͼˡ
ռϵƷǳԵĺƷ࣬ҶòЩɨһȦҵһһĶһƿкҩִƿʢŵкҩҶ䲢ûжһھǶһЩҲȥ
ţҶüģţɡ
ֿ˶࣬Ҷ䲻ô˯ȥһԵĽO˯ٹʱͿˡ
أ
ҿǣ˶ӵģ·⡣
šOҲۼˣûпҶ䣬ǿǽﱧСӡ
Ҷһֱû˯һû˯Ĵڡ
ô˱صһ𣬲ֿʺζԽԽԣǳȥȻ͵ڲֿЩ⡣
һOˣЩ飬ϾСһϡ
ҶæСӱԼˣ
ţе㣬һ¾ͺãЩй𣿡Oſڵķȥʵ
ʱûС
˵ʱСҲˣСһﶥźҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ʲôʱ뿪ѽ
ʱ߲ˣӦÿˣԹòãҶοСһ
СһԹԵͷŷҺġ
ǸҶЦҶ仳СӵСһƭ㣬Щˣ˭ܻųȥ
СһﱻŵҶ仳Ҷ۵ˣû㣬ŵá
УװʲôװҪߣᱻץ˲м
ҶҲˣ͵񾭽ˣʱûǲҪͷ
ʱſڵֻ˸ڣҶ䷢ˣſڵÿʱֻһΣֻЩɽ˵һЩײɵģڵʱ䵹ûô׼ʱ
Ҷ˼Щʱ򣬲ֿű˴ˣſڵ溰ţڶӲֿ㡣
ҶæһֱСӣһַ˽OȺм䣬һȥĴԺ
Ҷ̧ǰ濴˹ȥǼͷӶڣǸԱ߻վһ󣬼˵ЦĿҶȺˡ
磬˶ˣʮ˵ģϻʱ˼ֻʣʮˣǰվŵү⿴ˣǿɶ󡣡˺ڵ˵
Ц˼ŵүζӦúܲɣأץӺúÿ
ȺУεɸȻѾɽ˽ȥקˣǲҽ
ҪҪҪҶ㣬ץңҼеӡ
ԣԣץǣǵնɱˣŹǰɣǷŹǡ
ϴϸһǬԪЦ޵ĵǺÿǴ˼үôϸƤټҷˡ
ǸĵǴ翴ĸлл硣
Ķôһʹ޲ֹ
ɫʱôԸⰡȻԸң͸ҵЩֵ棬Ǿô
ҪҪ
𣬱Ҹϱ߻вҵֻҪ㲻ҪӶС
ôȱӵ𣿡ͷӳԱʹ˸ɫڵ͵ҷҹˣֵôô档
лл磡
лл磡
ΧǷ׷״ЦеĻԸոյͷһû
Ҷü΢΢ɽûԿˣһֱСӣһȭ
һıƵû취ǿ¾ֻӲˣҶ˼һ£ԼĿռﻹһʮԶٺŵˣӦԣοĵΣôܳȥ⡣
ԴҲǰ취ҶֻĴ㡣
һѻСӵݸ˽OOû˵ʲô˳ƽӹСӣͬʱʱ׼ذףҶ붯ˡ
ͬʱַˣⲻǻмʹҲкüأǸɫͲ缸Լȥѡѡ
лл磬͵仰أֵǣˡ
ˣˣ
ǰŶСˡū澣ЩŸɾҲܸɾͺͷźγԱȣʮȥͺǰС˺Ůеİ˸ȫˣӹҲȥˡ
Щ˸ô࣬еֱӰ˿ϾԷܡ
ߵüһ𣬡㻹ûǻȥأ֣ɽկûйˣһȺˣײ
Ա˵ĻüǳʲôӼȻˣ㲻ǵģǰ˸ͻطȥ
ٺ٣磬˼˼ͷ˸æⲻǡ
Ҳ˶Դ˲ģѹȣû˸˵֡
Щ˶ʵˣߵĻ⣬ĿһһɨոǼˡ
磬ʣµأЩҲʮءǹͷû˵ˣֺõ
üһĿڵʲôûɫһģ͸ֵɣǬԪһͳһȥɽկկǽûɻģֱɱ˱ǣҡ
ϴ磬ֵǣ졭
ȵȡǻͺͷĻ˴׵ĳҲٿ
˵ţֶͷӵ֮ǰ˵ҪЩѡǬԪ𣿡
ԶԶԣϴѡǸ㲻ǲϲѡȻȥˣѡЩ㲻졣˵ʱ򣬵Ǻɫ
ǻ˴̨Իı£һһԹǼǬԪһòǬԪ˻˵ۡ
˳ǸǬԪָָǾɡ
ǬԪ⻰ŵ̱ĹڵأңңŹңѡҡ
˼ӣɫʱ
ҲǲȻŭҶӿĸ㻹ҾܾȰ˰կȥ
ΧĻǿ޺ֹǬԪק˻ȥ
ˣʣµӹԼַ֣ǬԪկǽøЩǬԪʳ˶կιǱǡͷ˵Ҫߡ


50 
ҶѾſ, ׼õˣʱ˴󺰵, կ, ι, , ҿԸҶԸ
˻䣬žһѾ鵽, ű˵һҽС
Աߵһ߳һĶ˵ķ, , ӳ㣡
Ǹկȴͣ˽Ų, ߵĻҲͣ
կüˣµʵ𣿵ɽկܣֱǳıӵ, ҵҪ˭ܡ
˵, ߻صոյĸ̨ϣҲ˻ȥկ, ʣµʮҲԺվãЩĶȺ
ְͣɡ
կһ, Сֹͣ˱޴򣬸ոհ˱ӵ۵ſ˵¡
կĶˣ˵˵, 涼˭ܵģðƤ, ҵկſȥ
ǸŮǬԪҪӳȥ˵ָҶλá
Ҷɫһ䣬˫ȭղҶˣ¿ǲˣһ仰Ūã˵߶붯ˡ
㻹ӣӸˣ㡣ոűӵǸ˿첽˹ӳҶͳ˹ȥ
ֱһֽס˳ıӣ߬˷Ҳûܰѱӳߡ
ұӡۼų鲻ֱӰĳ˳
OŵĿҶ䣬֪ôźá
ҶկϣĶկ
կҲûзҲûֹ˰εµĿ棬ҪҶӦԡ
˵ĳѾҶ䣬Ҷһͬʱס˵һšϵĵӦڵϣͬʱҶһȭֱӴ˵ţֻƺһԼıֱˤ˵ϡ
ǣŸʲôϣ֮ǰ߸ҶôţֱӴǳ
ԱߵһǷһҶ˹ȥҶնǰȻĵָеһ˿⣬˳ҳҶıͱȥ
ҶնյĲŵתͬʱһȭ˵ţſܵУųƴˣҲʱ̨ϵĻ꿪ˡ
ס֣
ۼ˻Ҫ֣կǳûҶסҿ˭
⻰ҶΧ߰˸ֻ֣ЩһĿҶ䣬ҶͻȻַ
ոո淢Ҷˣ֮ǰڲֿγԳҶˣҶ仹ˣŮҪܣҲˣǵˡ
կ߲ͷĿˣˣǸеı졣
ǡ˹ȥ˫ַİסվǰ˶˾ǼƣͱѪס
ǣŮǵˣңǴˡһ߿޺һ߼
ʱ׵ͷһ
ҶôվĶկʵʱ׼ȡѾĴ㣬ЩҪԼ֣һһʱȰկ˵
վ̨ϵկȴǴЦǸӲͷѵðĸ̡˵Ҳмˣ㻹ǵһҶַģ־Ȼ
ߵĻҲµĵ˵ͷȷʵͬȤֻ
կ˻һۣҶȤæˣȥˮɾ
ȵСȥ£ʱС඾ͶʢˮľͰˡ
կµĹͷСʹ˸ɫˮ˵Ҷǰ
OҲǽŵıСӣ˫һЩҶĴϾЩɽ˿ɱ˲գۡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣һկΧʮֳֵˣԼЩ߶ѣҪ˵нOͽ
ҶֻǳƬ̣մһЩˮմˮֽϵһһĨɾ˫ȥϴױ͵Ϯ
Ҷһһ㽫ϴһž˳
կû뵽ҶòôڣٿߵĶӣͼӵҲֱˡ
˰ŻعָҶ䣬ѸոǸȥҷǬԪȥҪ
կʱϲЦտĸ͵Ҳãúÿͦйģɽկˡ
˵ţկֿҶ䣬ҶҲƽֱ
կˣץסĸ̻񣬵ʱһ㶼ʹģûҶôģʱˡ
ãҶӿ㣬պҶӣ㲻ٹկʲôȱҲ
կ˵Щʱ򣬽OŽֽ˽˫Ҳһ
˵ѾҶˣֻʱݳѾˣҶ䲢ûڹٸǼǹҲǳףҶڲƭ׵ģҶôѡ
ЩʱյദýOҶ䲻ֻᶪǵˣﻹϰµģµȷʵǺܲ۴𲻴Ӧ·ߡ
Ҷɨկǻ꣬ڵҪ¿ԣǵ÷Ҽ뿪֮ǰѾףҵӺþֻҪǴӦŹǣȻ
կɫҪ㻹Һ̸ҿ
ӦɣɽկҲȱ󣬷˳ȥҲν
ǻ˵ţֿҶ䣬ֻǣĸԸ
Ҷ˵ͷƽȻȻǣôҲǶˣ׵úúóﱸҪոǸǬԪ㷿ǻֱɱҡ
Ҷƣǻ˲ŭЦˣҲ˼Ҳױ飬պӦкܶ໰ġ
˵ţǻֿկӦɣҲִ̫ˣôҲҪʱ䣬úóﱸһ²źá
կüҶ䣬ȻҶӴӦˣǱպףֻļˣõȵǳ֮뿪
Ҷͷԡ
Ҳֻʱɽկĵʱ·˲ŽڻҪúóﱸ
֮ǰǸӣǸأկ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ԼOǵĴֻԼĻǵ¸ոկҲ˵ˣµȫ͸ЩСˡ
Ҫ˵ˣOòôڣƱػᱻ˵ϣôѡ
Ҷ˼Ƭָָ̣ǸźӵľӺãҴӦѾܶԲˣǵİȫбϣʱúúдаʧԸҲͷ
կüҶ䣬ֿ˱źӵĽO˻òôڣŮ˵òҲѷɫĶȥɣ
Ҷֱһߣ˳ֶԱһɽĳ˵ˣǣԸ£˺ǣҲֻ֮ǰ汳ˡ


51 
, ʹӦɣ㶼ôˣ𣿶ô, ҲֻһǵǬԪͲܳȫǱ, ԺҲұǬԪˡۿҶҪʧ, 
կ˿Լ, ̾˿Ǻã㣬, ˭ֻôһأ
˵, Ҷ, ֶһԵĹͷ˷Ըȥ׼ͷ, úдǡ
ǡǹͷȥ
ǿԸȥͷϢˣ׵ӾͶպ󡣡կ˵Ҫ뿪
Ҷȴǽסկ, ȵȡ
կüҶ, ʲô£
ҶЦЦҲɽկ˰ɣ
Ȼǣկ𻰣ԱߵĻ˵ȿˡ
Ҷͷ, Լĳߵ˸ոǸ淢Լǰ
ҶĿ, Ҳ߶µĿҶ䣬Ҳû뵽Լ淢Ҷ, Ҷ䷴կĶӿˡ
ָָҶ䣬, ɽկ㲻ܶңңկҡ
ٶĻûü˵ڣҶֱӽһԼͽO㱻˺
կȻҲҶһ漴ִЦֻκӳһӣױǽģӲϲ赶ŪǹϲһףһֱԼպˣסɽկˣڿǲˣѡǬԪǸֹˡ
ãðȻ͸ɽկˣӳɣǺ۹⡣կЦ
ȻҿеˣȻõġκӳһ˵һ߳ҶЦЦ
Ҷòĳ΢΢ףȾѪĵӵ˽űߡ
ˣȥ౸·ȥκӳɸæԸߵ̴ӡ
ǣСȥšС˸æȥ¡
Ҳɫ죬ֻٸ˵
ǱȥϢˡҶ˵žҪͽOнһ뿪
κӳȴüȵȣոѾӦպҳףǲסһ𡣡
Ҷתվ߿κӳɣȻҲɽկˣҪסǸڣֻȷǰȫҲŻĸԸͬס
ãˬ죬˵ô˻֪ʲôκӳЦЦ˵ץЩǬԪҪôηηҪôǾµͷģЩ˹ͨѣòҶôģ벻˶ѡ
Ҷ䡣Ҷٴγòףż·ȥˡ
κӳҶ֣ɫϲû뵽ҶȻԸͬúýһֱġ
OҶָһ𣬼֪ҶҲֻȨ֮ƣԾЩֻʲôû¶
ǹͷһ·һ߶ҶЦɽկ壬ȻҲҪӳɳˣԺһͺãɽկ˶࣬Ҳ࣬Ժвģҡ
ðǱлˡҶЦŵлһְﵱҵ̹Ȼ͵
ǹͷһߺҶ佻̸һ߹۲ҶɫԽԽҶ͸
ɽկģҶԼСžţֻկ湦򣬲ѹµЩˣҶկأκӳģŲɽկЩϵĵ֣ȫկλء
ֶһҶ䣬ŮǬԪžͲǸƲ磬ǿпɽկô̩ȻЩ˵ɱһЩǣպҪѹһͷˡ
Ҷ䵹ǲ֪ʲô֮ô򶨣ǶĩģɰǧɥʬȺҶŻس˵ʹɱɥʬһ䣬ô꣬ǿࡣ
ʱҶǾͱ˿ͷſڣͷڵλկҲ˵ˣ÷ֿס
Ҷ俪ڵãȽȥһۣûͺá
˵ţҶҲͺͷͷͬ⣬Ƚ뽪Oܽķ俴һȦȷһɾĿͷ˳ȥ
Ҷ뽪O߶ϣܿ˱ִߡ
ô仹𣿡ͷЦ
ͦõģˡҶͷ
ǣλɡǹͷŽO˵
OףСӽ˷⣬վֵ˿ء
Ҷ߿ֵˣǹͷæЦŴ˼կ˲òӣģſڵֻǱǰȫģԲκγ¡
˵ţͷ˵ˣҽ˴ЩˮɣҲúϴһٻ·
Ҷ߿ͷЦǲˣǹվҪ뿪ˣ˵¶Ҳʲô£˵԰ɣ
Ҷ䱾ĺÿ˵ЦӦøϲŶԣɹͷȴúһ⣬ŵú˰벽ȻҾͲˣҲȥϢɡ
Ҷ˵ͷֿԼſڵǳЦü˵ѾԼôԼſڻҪ𣿡
ҲΪ˱֤İȫȥֻ˺կկ˵һֻҪͬ⣬ԳȥǹͷЦ
ҶߵĿͷƬ֮ŵ˵ͷ
ʱͷȴǴһˣȻǶҪˣҶſڱ㲻ðʲôˣɽկеطԽ˵ġ
ǹͷϵЦҲסˣկǣǲŸʶ˭֪Ҷ
ôҵأͲկˣ˵ñ㲻á
аɡͷҧ£˦Ӵ뿪ˡ
Ҷ߿κӳɣͷлˡ
ãҪȱʲôֱ׼ͺãֱӹȥҲԡ
ţΨһǵģߣʵ˵ɽկŲЩֻ㡣Ҷһ˵ţһš
Ҫ̽Σǿ϶ǵõ߶ģɽOʱô죿һЩɥĲɽ˳Լڣ˺Oô죿ЩǺֵܼ⡣
Ҷֻͨκӳ취ɽ˶ĹӸûʲôۣһ
ȻҶĻ˵꣬κӳɵ۾ˣʵҲϲɽկЩϴ֣˵ʲô˵ͨɱɱģһ˼ûУҺˡ
ҶЦЦ֪ܲܰҸæ
˵κӳɸæ˵
ѿ˻ˣɽկҲģߵǷĵġҶ߿κӳɣ
ң
ҶͷţȻҲӦ£ˣԸɱҲЭ
Ҷô˵κӳɸϲҶ̬ȺļǬԪͬȻˣ֮ǰļǬԪΪ⣬ɱˡ
á˵ţκӳɱÿؽOǷ뿪ˣԼŽ˼䣬վڽOǰء
ЩֶҶҸոնˣ˭ܽȥҵҲУʳҲһһ飬Բʧ
лҶԲסǣЩ뿪
ףȳ֮ҿ϶ƽƽ뿪ɽկκӳЦ
Ҷ΢Цףȴ˼ôźۼκӳɴԼɽկתһתٵ⼸յʱ·߹滮СԼʱһȺɽһݴ


52 
OǱСĵ, ҶκӳɵĽ̸˫һ
Ȼ֪Ҷںﻹǲ
Сֻ۾, һ⣬һֿԼҽ㡣
, Ҷ㲻ȢһôҪѽСʵ
˵СӲʡOһۻС, 
ǰ, O϶ΪҶ䲻ˣӻ·Ͼ̫£ҶǼȥԼ, OǲΪҶĲ, Ҷͱ˵Ц, ٻǲ
OõС, 򴽼Ҷ̸Ц
Ҷκӳɽ̸˼ͻص˷תת鲻ԵĿ̫ǿ, ôмʱ, ʱ̫
ʱʹ
Ҷկ׼ԡõĶ, Ǹ͹мСڵ
Ҷ䵭Ĵţ߿Ǽ, ڵɡ
ǡΪ׵ǸЦܿģִߴ, ֽ㣬, 㡣
һڵʹӡŮҶסķ䣬и׼ȹģи׼ϴˮġ
Ϊ׵ЦҶȱʲôھȥ׼
ʱҪˣǶȥɡҶ䵭
ϣϡæк˸Ͻ׼Щ˿ٵ˳ȥ
Ҷ佫˨ãһӶſڣȥľͰǱߡ
˵һ·Ƕþûϴˣ룬ʵ
Ȼ׼ˣҶҲûֱӽԼȹˣȥϴ衣
ͷϵͷЩճһҶϸϸĽϴɾһϴ˺ü飬žͷϡϳϴɾˡ
ҶϴЩ׼ĸɾȹһ°ɫȹ滹һŶëĶ񣬵ͦÿġ
ȹҶ佫Ŵ򿪣Щ˰ϴˮ˳㽫·ˣٲȻһԼѾɽկ˵ļƣЩһһ㶵ġ
һ߲ͷһĽһ˹Ըȥ׼Щʳǵö׼һЩ
ǣǣСȥ׼˲ҵЦӦ
ȼ˳ȥˣſʼ͵͵Ҷ䡣
λǸˡ
˭˵ǰկ滹ɱˣҲǶһˣ˵õǲҲկһ۾Ϳˡ
⵹ǣһǬԪñ󻹺ÿ
ҶȫЩۣ֮֮ȳԱô
еڲԵȷʱŮ㽫ʽĳʳ˹ˣ⣬±⣬ɫСҲв١
ҶԺϵͳ˳09ɨһ£ЩԵĶû⣿
õסϵͳɨһȦŸжϣ޶޺ס
Ҷŷģֱӽⲥһֽ˲˰ӳҶЩԼķŴ򿪣һֶһ̲ˣһֶһ⣬ߵ˸ڡ
κӳɵĸҶ䣬Щ졣
Ҷ俪ڵŰɣҽȥ͸
ҶΪеһ˵
ҶɫҺկҪˣԼҲ˵ˣɽկûҲȥĵطҲǽȥ͸ͳ˭׷ǣǶţš
˶һۣ׷״ӶԷĿпɫ˻ĿţҶո˵ˣš
аɣҶɡ˵ţ˸ҶŴˡ
Ҷһһ̲˽ȥСӿҶ۾ˡ
Ҷ!
С־ҪȥҶ䣬ǿ˿ԼСֿ֣˿ŹʵҶ䣬СһЩηջ֡
ҶѲ˺˵ϣ߿򽪽O彪Oգգ۾ߵOǰֱסСӡ
СһСֶ֪ĶţŪҶ·
Ҷ㣬ȥĶˣҺ~Сһ۾Ҷ䣬Ҷ
ҶЦЦձˡ
ѽСӿĵʵ
Ҷ俴˿СһĺߣҾͲˡ
ǣǣǶһѽСίĿҶ˵
ԼԺԹԵģҪĻòãҶ
Сһֻ۾ʼરવĵᣬأ㲻Ҫˣ㣬Ҷ㲻Ҫˡ
ҶæСӵ˵ߣԣˣȥٸЩ˹
˵ҶͰСӵݸ˽OСһҶֱ۲֣޵Ŀˣһѱһġ
OۻˣæҶ仳Сһﱧ˻
ҶͽOϣֳգգ۾ת뿪
ȥʱҶ仹һҪأûꡣ
˵ţҶֻԼ䣬ĺ׷˳ҲֳһЩͨͨ˵˸ڣЩ룬ַԸſڵһˣˣȥȥЩȻһˡ
ſڿŵ˱Ҷʹתеһ¿ţһԹȥҶ֮󣬲Ű˽ȥ
Сӻſڽ㻳޵ģһСްˣOֻñúš
ҶСһޣҲе㲻ģҲֻܽͣڵȳԷɣˡ
˵Ҷ˳ȥصԼķ䣬߿ֱϵСӡҶ䣬Сӻǿɰ
ֻǿƬ̣㿪ʼ
ܽOǵˣеһСȥԶһС¥
ʱ˾ܽһװκķ䣬æһŵկոҶȥ˳ʳ
κӳɵɫôÿʵ˵ʲô𣿡
£Ҷ˵ǱˣֻҪС⻰ĵڻء
κӳЦ⣬ãġ
˵ţһӹȥ˸æţлллկ
ţţҪͷͰɣ󲻹ǳ֮󣬾Ҫ뿪ɽկˡκӳɷԸ
ϣСĶˡæһ񣬶˳ȥ
OǱߣòײŰúĲˣҶùٵķˣOŲɽկˣҶġ
СӣιСһ˲ٵĶСӻΪʳصĳ˺ö࣬ڽOĻ˯ˡ
OҲۣҲû˯ţ˨ãſڶһӣűСϴϢ
Ҷʲô㣬ʱOΨһľǲҶҡ
Ҷ緹˯һʱκӳɹˡ
Ҷ俪żκӳˣò˷䣺ôˣ
£㣬أʲôκӳʵ
Ҳ£ŸչҲ֪կȥﲻȥկЩҲûȫóȻȥ˲õˣ͸ɴڷҶЦ˵
ð죬Ҵȥ߰ɣҲһֱڷţҲкЩ˵ѵһŮǬԪκӳɸ˻ˣټ֮ǰǸ˶£ҶǷ˽ġ


53 
᲻鷳ϾҲŸոɽկ, Ӧвڻǲ°ɣҶʵ
ЩˣڣҵҪ˭˵ʲôκӳ˵ֶҶ߰ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ, Ǻá
˵ţκӳ˳ȥ
κӳɿڵȴȥԺ, Ȼٴ㵽Ĵתת
, ġҶ
OҲ˸ڵĶ, ֪Ҷκӳɳȥˣһ
СҶ㻵ű, ҲҪˡ
˵, СߵĹĵ, ֻСһ
O, 㱻Цˡ
Ҷ仹֪СһˣƢĸκӳߣկ顣
һֱǰ߾ǺԺ, ھҺҵȻס, 㿴ǱߵС¥ǾҵסҵЩס, ҵǸˣְκӳҶ, ҶķӦ
ҶȻûʲôӦֲҪˣκӳʲô, ûаϵ
ᣬֻҲ̫ϲĴɱɱ, ̫ҰˡҶκӳɵԸſڵ
ҲôģկЩҰˣҵҲǣЩȷʵҰֲ̡κӳɺͬĸ͵
ûŸһկķ𣿡Ҷ˳ʵ
κӳɿ˿Χȷֻڣſڵôף˵ʵɣҵЩֵܣö඼ʡ͵ĵƣҲҵѹסǣеҲӲܣͳ
Ҷ˵ͷһİ˵ɽկôè壬ҲνҲûʲôϵ
û£ԺҰһܡҶڵ
̫ˣɽկЩҵѧˣҲ̫Ȥˣܰҡ
ţ߰ɣãٶתתҶЦ
κӳˣĶ᲻ӦִҶ䵽ĵطת
ָźԺĵطڵٺ棬ҵЩֵܵסһЩկļҾҲǺ棬ЩҲûʲôģҴ㿴կĵط
Ҷ֮ãⲻðɣڻˣĵط᲻˵Ĳ
ҶЩյļҿҪˣŵһʶ㣬
κӳĶϴӦæ㱾կˣӦõģҿ˭˵л
ĿԣҶһ䡣
Ȼκӳһ˵ţһָȥǱ߾ǣһҲúǱ赶Ūǹģ߰ɣȥ
ǺáҶͷӦ
һ·ȥͼǱһһĹ㳡䳡ֻٵ˶һ졢˵ЦһЩǮġ
䳡м仹һżӣ˼һϢǬԪ
Ҷ߿˹ȥʵǼǣ
£Ӳˣҵ˰ǹҵЩˡҶᣬκӳֻæ͵ɲҵ˼Ҳû취ɽկҲץסЩ˽ѵһҲӦõġ
Ҷ䲻ÿɷЦЦûٶԡ
вٵ˼κӳˣл¶ģС˹ĵկôˣ
㿴κӳ˵ţҶ䳡һȦ
֮һȥ˺üطκӳɵûдҶȥɽկܱߣҶҲû𣬱ϾĻ˻ɡ
ȥ·ϣҶκӳ·˼񷿣˲ĲҽŮŰ
Ҷ߿˹ȥκӳָæͣӦɽկЩøץйȻ̫ãҲû취飬ɽկǬԪӹ̫̫࣬٣ÿһץµͱһˡ
κӳɼҶûбɫǸæһ䣬ģһһһСҿ϶ƽƽķǳɽկ
Ҷ˵ͷǾͺá
˵ţҶʵˣ֮ǰѡǬԪôˣ
κӳɵɫҵҴõģģЩ˲һҾԲġ
ҶЦЦʣôʲô
κӳɼЦˣ۾ֱˣҶЩ˿ɲɽկץסĵһˣ֮ǰץЩǬԪҪô̫Ҫô̫С֮ȲҶ䡣
Ҷκӳǰ˻ΣЦͻȻЩˣܴȥתת뿴ʲô
ȻԡҶԵκӳĶ˵֣˸߲ҵǰ·
ϴ·һĶڶߣ⼸սɻƥȽ϶࣬ʻǳ⣬ѡԷó
ð˵ûôԹ⡣Ҷ첽ϡ
һǾ͵˳κӳɺеСɽկЩ˳ԵĴǷֿģҶʱԵҲСЩĳʳ
ԱǼ˼ڴķ䣬ǸɽկĳҺҵСֻʳķ˾ǳκӳɴҶСЦŽ͵
Ҷ˵ͷ޵ֲԵķʳôóԣԭרŸ˵С
ϲͺãԺҲС˵ţκӳָæһԵĳ֣ʵϵʳĶóλҶùơ
ӣǽҪˮ֪λϲ±ųԣϲͼ˳ԣﶼǳڵ
±ų԰ɣˮҲһЩҶ俪ڵ
ϣϡǳӸæ
ˣҶھͶˣھ͸ϽЩʲôҲ׼һЩκӳɷԸ
ǣǣСͿʼ
Ҷ룬ֿڵˣţͻȻˣٽЩǣȻúȡ
𣿻ȥ׼κӳɸæ
Ҷ俴˳ͻסĵطκӳһ·ţҶԼһԷɲ룬㿪ڵϢһʱҲˣҲЩȥɣҹȥ㡣
κӳԭߵģ¸Ҷõӡ˼ȥϾҪˣͷУЩϢ㡣
ҶͷӦš
صס֮Ҷһ߹ĵط⴦ɽկͦģֻղŸֱӳɽկΧȥ˻ɡ
һҲûջҵ˳ľλãһͺڷֽˡ
ԲߣָûԲո˵ҪȥκӳǼ٣Ҷ׼Ҹͷɽկһ䣬Ȼ˵ȥκӳɵʱ·ˣȻǣǿôǹá
ֻŪ˸λãʱźó֡
Ҷһ飬⴫
ҶҪ͹ˡ
ҶæţͼС˶̵档
Ҷǵ˵ͷʾǰѷ˷ŵϡ
ҶҪ±⻹ţ鶼ˣǻ׼˼Сˣá
ȥ׼꣬ھ͹Ҷ俴˿ˣֵˣʣµ˶ȥɡ
ϣϡ
ȵûˣҶ߲ſţ̣Сһ·ϸǷ¶޵ģǵСһúòӪС
˶ʲôˣϵկκӳɣµЩСඣȫһȺ˽ɱ˲գ۵ණҶЩûС


54 
ʱ, Ǳߵ˾Ͱ˹Ҷһ£ǽ˵ˡ
Ҷվ, ÿͲ˷һֱ˵ڡ
ſڵҲҶͷֲ, Ҷ˵, ͰѷŴˡ
СһҶ, һϲֶƵðСԴ㻳ֻһӰҶ䡣
ҶЦԻͦ, , ҸóԵˡ
ߺߡСһﲻҶ, ֻߺ, ҲҶ䡣
Ҷһ˳ȻСӾ͸ˣͳһֻСࡣ
OҶһ, Ҷ, ̫֡
úúãҲЦˣЩ, ȥ˹Ҷ˵ţֻصԼǱ߶˷, һ˺üˣҶŶꡣ
߿Ϸŵţ飬ţ, ģ, ϶ϲ
֪ˡOͷ
Ҷѷʳ͹ˣһ仰ûж˵ſκӳɵʲôõĶԻû
ҶߣСӾͰ̧ˣίͰ͵Ŀ㣬Ҷһߡ
Oæԣ˵㻹׼ţ飬Щɡ
O˵ţţ˹СӣֻܰĲĶʳһԵľͰһţȹˣеδ
ģúȡСһ뵽Ҷ䲻һˣСһ۾ְȥ
OҲû취СһֻͣСһЩϾҶ͹ķʳ϶ûġ
Oӿ뷨ʱԼҲһ֪ʲôʱѾҶ仮Լİȫˡ
ҶǱҲǴⶼɱģʣټСǱߵⶼǾõ⣬˳źܺóԣ±ˮҲһҶϰѰӵĲ˶ˡ
غ֮ϢˣڶʱҶˡ
ȹţԱ߽Oſڵڵϣ˶˯ˣ˱ŵֱվ
ҶЦЦڵû£Ϣɣȥկһˡ
°¡ﻹµģҲûҶҪʲô
Ҷ䲢ûκӳڵС¥ȥȥǳϴ·ֻԶĵطûȥˡ
ɫȫɽկ澲ĵģҶһ·ȥ;лһ֧ѲߵĶ飬Щɽ˿ҶҲ֪ôźá
ҶҲûҪŵ˼ôկߣһկδ˵ӣȺѲߵ˻һһ㶵ģѲߵļҲ͵͵ۡ
˵òϱ£
կɷˣ
ǣһô죿
ܹܵ𣿰˵İˣ˵׼ɽկպŮ˵ءǿȫûбˣҪʲôõ£ˡ
ҲǣǾ͵û
Ҷ䵹ǲ֪ЩԲô࣬һ·ߣϴ·㵽ɽϣߵɽ²㶸ֻͣǲ֪ͨ
߻ѷ˲ٵɽʯש飬֮ҪΧǽġ
̧ȥԶһ˰أϻŹͺŽǣӦǷ㴫ġ
ɽܴһܽȥӦòף뵽ҶĴǹ˹ϵˣΪ塣
һ齨ɽկɽկķ©ܶ࣬ѲߵҲ޾ɵģҶӦò
ûǱ߿תߣһ·ϻ˺üκӳɵסĶһڵ˰Ҷȥġ
Ҷˣκӳ۾ˣô͹ˣ
Ҳ磬ʵͳˣֻկ·ˣʱɫûȫأһ˺ü˲ҹҶ俪ڵ
⵹ǣկĻһ㵽˰ҹͶϨˣ컹ûȷʵŪ򣬵ҿǲˣӦҹȥġ
κӳɲûлҶ䣬ˣҶկԵĺã˯㣬ϲʹЩˣٲȻѾԼկӵˣκӳɶԴ˺⡣
û£ⲻҹ𣿾ߵЩˣгԵ𣿡ҶҲٲȻԼһԲһͿҪ˳Ե
κӳϵЦŵȥó׼ʽ緹һЩ
ǣǡ
κӳС¥Щ˶ˣǰկŪǬԪҪô޿䡢ҪҪҪôŵùģûҶôԼ˵ġ
ع֮Щ˱æȥ׼ˣǵҶ䲻ʡ
Ҷ²ʵ²𣿡
ǣǸոݵġκӳ
Ҷ˵ͷԹԵĵһ£һžһЩ
ʱɫķʳ㱻ҶҲκӳɣԼֱӿԡ
κӳɷǵûΪҶĲеġ
緹ҶκӳɺһŻȥϢˡ
կҲ϶ˣ֪ЩǴĶŪĺ첼ٵҺ첼к
Ҷû̫⣬ȥϢˣȥַ֮ԸСǸO׼緹
Ȼˣ˵֮Ҷ仹һ顣
εĻ£κӳɸӣկÿ϶ҪҺ죬O䡣
Ҷͷʱ򣬽Oûסڵ㵹ǹͦġ
ҶװûOеЦаɣԵúã˯úãգǾ뿪ˣ뿪ǰǶԵɣúò塣
Oһֿۣ˿ԼﲻҶСӡ
ҶҲǱЦˣСһﻹͦǳģOǶЩҶ뿪
һգկ˶ææµµյĻ¡
Ҷȥʱȴǿ˺üʬ屻˴Ӳ˳òҲ̶ãЩʬ屻ӵľϣҪȥӵ
Щ˵ʱǸɽկҲڣҶһֱڿЩʬ壬߳ҶЦôϰߣԺö֪ˣЩ󣬲ֵǵҲãȻɫǬԪҲӲˡ
Ҷ䵭Ŀˣ㲻կһ¶ѣҲ֪ʲô
˵꣬ҶҲֱ뿪ˣǸ߱ס
ˣˣ˵߾ͰγĳҶ˹ȥ
Ҷһ㣬һߵס˫ͬʱֻ°һ죬ߵҶӲŪˣҶֽӹ˵ĳеߵĲϡ
û뵽ԼҶԿʱŭǳʲôɱŮˣ춯֡
Ҷĵһ˵Ĳﻮ֣ĿڵҺկձҪˣô˵պҲˣֻҵһ¶ѣأȰǻǷĺá
Ҷ⻰һոΧΧǶҶˣҶɽկʲôǴķзģկһɵļƣһʱû˸ҶҶ䡣
ҶôóߵĲӣկ鷿ȥ˵鷿ʵկµĵط
ſڵҶóߣһٴС
ôɽկˣ߸磬ôһںկ˵ֱεһҪҶƴļơ
ҶҲţֱӵ˽ӣʲô
Ҷ˵ţһŰߵĹſ˵ϡ
ҽֻ·ǶҳԲѷεҵĺľͿҺôҪկˣկºô棬֪ģһΪɽկկءҶ߿կü
һæΪԼ⣬ǣ磬ҽֻͣǣֻЩŮֺӣ䲻կ
կɫҲһ8ݰֵܣ֮ǰһֻЩ˵˼Խˣͱߡ
ߣҶԼѡˣҶǲ´㲻죬Ҳᵶң
ǣ磬ңŮ˼Ūһֻ֣
ЩӣҵЩֵԽˣߣǵһΣҲһΣ´ٸɱҲֵˣɡկǳ
ߵҶһۣȴԼ뿪ˡ
կ߿Ҷ䣬ڵ㣬ɽկ£ϵʱȥ˶ߵĸȥʲôˣ
Ҷ߶ߣûʲôȥӵģ·ˣ·ҵġ
կҶ䣬ǣ֪ܣ㣬һһС
ҶЦЦ߶կȻ֪гкȵģߣҲδػߡ
ߡ
Ҷ뿪֮κӳɲŸ˹
ҶѾˣæʵҶأ
կκӳһۣѾȥˣûˣ壬Ūһֻ֣ӳɣŮ˲һˣСЩ
ֺҶֵˣ϶ʲôǲǣ
ǵǣ͵ϮǱһֱۡկڵ
Ҿ֪϶Ĵκӳæ
֪֪ߵ˶߸ڵ£ǷЩɣŮܸһֿ͸ĸоٱһկѵ
̫ˣȥҵģߴ·ˣ˵ˣǳ֪֮ˡκӳȻô˵ģҲ𼸷ֻҶļôԼȥԼС¥
֮ţжҶ䡣
Ҷ϶ûôţҪôǳԣҪô˯ϵʱ׼ˮϴ˸ˮ裬˯ʱҪţ飬ȥţ飬֮ҶЩСʹת
ϣҶʵκӳһͨκӳҶûԷġ
ֻһûκӳɴһȥҶˡ
ڶһ磬ɽկﵽŵƽʣһͰϲҶ˹ȥ
ҶǴݵĻ·㿪ʼʹſڵСඵ׼ʳO緹ʱ򣬽Oһ£ûģЩʹ졣
緹ˣռǵһҪЩ˽ǾˡҶ˵ţŽOգգ۾
OһۣźŻСӳԷ
OˣҶҲԼķ䲻ĳ緹ճһ룬κӳɾ͹ˡ
Ҷôˣ
£м˺˵
Ҷ˸ƣʾκӳ£߳Աʣʲô£
ȻҪǶٰܲɣ֮ɽկ뿪֮ǻ˵ģܵð׼ã˵ǲǣκӳĶҶ䣬뿴ҶķӦ
Ҷǵĵ˵ͷ㲻˵ҵˣϽ˸׼ī
κӳɼȫ⣬ûסʵĶһûˣ
ҳʲôˣҺòҵôһĵطȻǲˣҪңڿͱɽկɱˣҴӦ뿪Ѿ御ˡôѪҶ俴κӳɣʵ
ҲǸ˼Ȼһ㲻Ǳдɣһ磬ҾͲɽһ㹻Ӻ͸κӳɿڵ
Ҷ˵ͷлҲܺһ㡣
˷īֽҲ˶˹ˣҶʾͰдˣĩ˻дԼ֡
OԭױǱڲƭģдҲãڻOˡ
Ҷд֮ҪţκӳЩ죬ǣ
Լ͹ȥҶ˵űȥ˸ڣŵϣڵպãȻ뿪ԵĻҾͲ˵ˡ
Ҷ߿򽪽Oת뿪ǽOҲһɵ𼸷ҶǺǹѣãҶ᲻ᶯҡأ
Oһ漴ҡҡͷһ·Ҷǵĺö٣Ҷ
OǷ飬Ҷϴϲһ𣬽ǷⰭ۵
СȴҶ㻵Ҫˡ
ԡOæСӰ
Ҷ飬κӳɳȥˡ
ΪҪ׼ϵĻ磬կæĲɿƫƫҶҪҲ࣬һﲻ⣬һֶǱߵĲò⣬ǰСආʹת
緹˯һ2øжȶȻһƿкҩװкҩƿӾִװ500mlϵƿӣһƿӵİɫҩۣҶԴ˺⣬ҩӦЩɽˬ
ţЩκӳɵĻʽϣʱɽկ˸æµƫƫҶ⵷ңһҪȥţһҪȥ֮ǰߵŪüȮ
ò׷ŹЩСˣЩСබһ
ҶҶֵʱҲڸ
Ҷ䵹Ҳżһ·ߵϴ·Ǳȥϴ·ĸţߵ˶ŪȥǰŲûˣ߿һˡ
ҶһĳһӣһʱûǷӦˣҶѾȥˡ
ǲҵҶӴˣǰկƢû˿ס϶ᱻû취ֻý߿ˡ
Ȼһ룬Ϊ˾ͱһס󲱾һֱۣӶ
˼״ܣҶһ˻ϴ·ĴŹϣų˹ȥ
˲ֻõᵲǰֵҶĵȴҶ˳ŵһֱֽˤڵְʱ򣬲һȻ
Ҷ䶯Ľˣһûö೤ʱ䡣
ŲĽմѪ£˿ռɾ£ְԱߵϲϡ
ոһϲˣŪѪô
βͣҶ䴽ǹ˹ʱȥ￴ˡ


55 
Ҷϴ·, ̩Ȼȥˡ
СĹ¼ҶˣʵҶǶʲôС׼һЩ
ţл, ԷǰЩ, ն׼ʲôѽҶʵ
Ŷ, ɱ˼ֻ, ҲУȻˣ⻹иֵҲ, ֻǲƷ˵һЩǹµڵĽܵ
, ǾһЩ, һЩ, ˣţҲҪҲҪ, һ˸͹ȥҶ
, Сһ˸ȥǹµЦ
ˣϵľˮأʲôƣҶʵ
µĳҶЦЦڵ˵, רһ̳ǸկЩֵǺȵģ̳þ, Щˣǵľƶڶ棬ǲˮľ, иζ͵ˡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ, æİɣĶأԼȳ
Сİɡǹڵ
ãϽǸǱ̳𣿡ҶָָһϵĴ̳
ԣǸ
ˣϽȥҶ˵ţԹԵ̳Ǳȥ
ƿһ£˱ǵľζʹ˹Ҷһֻ룬бŽ̳𣬶˰롣
䵲ס˺ߣֵͲغкҩҲˣҶٵ̳ﶶ£Ƭҩ۱˽ȥֽӿϣһҩյ˿ռ
Ҷ佫̳źã￴ʱҩѾ;Ϊһ塣
Ҷ佫̳ĸӸǺãһڡ
Ŵһ㣬ľߣҶ䳢һڣòôúȡ
תͷƲƲ죬ǹԭűʢأҶƲ죬æЦҶˮ𣿡
ţζҲһɣպźȡ˵ţҶʣ˰Ƶľŵǰϡ
ǸϽҰѷ͹ȥˣȻȥ˵ţҶ˳ȥ
СһӵҶë࣬ƿկﶥõˣȻ
⻰˵ģСԴɡ˵ţǹµҶոյľ룬ʣµİƣȫˡ
ĩˣ۵ⲻͦõ𣿡
ҶȥԱߵĴĹҲʶҶ䣬Ͼ׵֮һ
Ҷ·Ըµæʵ
û£ҾǹϵĲƷ;ˮ׼ôˡҶ俪ڵ
ֵ׼أڴѾ⣬ǿڴˮǱߵͷҲˣֱӾܳϡǹڵĽܵ
Ҷ˵ͷǾˮأ׼𣿡
ǱأžֵĴﶼǡǹڵİһ׾Ƶĸƿ
ҶԱһ룬һڣһţɶ⣿ôôȣ
ǹæЦҶ֪կֵܶ࣬ôҲû취£ﶼˮֵÿ˶ֵܷ룬ܳζͲˡ
Ҳǣаɣȥæɣ㿴Ҷ˵ŰǹµĴˣǹµҲȷʵûʱӦҶ䣬æһţв˵ġģտ֭ġ
ҶƿһƸ׵ĸӣڣҩ۶˽ȥҲһΪǶ⣬ڣֻܿƸףǹµҲֻҶû£۾͸ϽŸĻˡ
Ҷ׾˰ƿӵҩۣߵ˷ĹǰֵѾ׼ҩƿˣҶƿһӣѸٵƿƿǣͬʱ˳ڹﶶ˶
ȻָǺƿǣȥʢˮĹǣǸոյϷ͹ߣƿҩ˽ȥ
Щ˵öֽţҶ俴ߣְѹµĽ˹ôɫҲ̫ѵˣŵ㽴͡
ǹһͷҶûµģҲҵæҶЦҶ˵կｴ͵ĴҲ࣬ƽЩҲôġ
Ҳ˵ƽҳףȻõģϽЩͽȥһζҶ䲻
µֲֻȥý͵ζҶڳϹָһͨǹµĺͳæͷתЩȻԵõĻס
ԶˣļӶп಻һţλկ¶࣬Ժɲˡ
Сɣʱ˭Ȳ㡣ǹµæѵȻҲôģôһͱҶ϶ˡ
ҶصסʱСķʳҲ͹ˣҶվϵͳɨһ£ȷЩʳû⣬Žʳֳһ룬ȥ˸ڡ
O߱С棬Ҷˣü鶼дˣѵ㻹ǵ
Ҷû˼һŽOЦЦɽկ̫æң˸ͷ͸ɴ͹ˣһһЩȶ˹
˵ţҶֶ˺üΣȰѰӰ֮ѵǵţˣкô
Ҷ˵߿СӣСҶ˵ʲôˣ˵Сһ۾ˣ뵽Ҷ䲻ҪˣСһۿͮͮģҶ䣬Ը⿴
Ҷ߶ϽOߣգ۾ת뿪
ط֮㿪ʼϿȫ׼òС
ܿģҹĻ٣˹Ҷȥǰ
Ҷȥ֮󣬾ͼկκӳɣկЩݰֵȫˡ
կ߿Ҷ䣬ڵǶЩҰ֮ˣõĹأЩҲ󶮣ӳԼɡ
Ҷ߿κӳɣڵǾʹһȳ԰ɣȳԳԺȺȵˣٰؾͺãЩ
κӳҲ˵ͷҲãɽկֵҲæһˣǾϲ˰ɡ
áկͷȻȥš
Ҷκӳһʱָķʳ㱻˹֮ǰһ̳Ҳ˹
ɽկ˶ô˵ƣƫƫκӳɽ˾ƺ
Ҷ俴ǾƺüڵճףһЩҲ޷ƺҲ̫СˣУ
κӳһһСඹȥѾƺߣǶþȡ
ϡСආȽİѾ˹
ʱ˹˵ľ뵹˾ơ
ҶֱӶվڵƣҾڳλлɽկңĺãȸˡ
Ҷ˵ţһľȫ㵽˿ռżװͷ£볯£ʾԼˡ
կˬ죬Ҳãӳɿϵˣˬ죬Ҷˣ
ˣ
ȣ
ЩկֵҲźˡ
Ҷ˸ԼֶžߵӵУڶƣɽկֵǣպҲɽկˡ
Ҷ˵װһʵϰѾˮ˿ռĵϡ
ɽկҲźЩС
Ҷ˸ϣ룬ףǽմ飬ͬ
˵ţҶּװ£Ҳź¡
ƣҶλկЩͰֵƣڳ˶˲١
κӳɶЩͷˣҶһûȣȻû£ŶӣװҪȥޡ
ȥһéޣϾͻȻȡҶЦź˴к
ΪһƣկҶӡ˲٣Цᣬź˼ҪȥéޣУȥɣһźȡ
κӳЩˣǱˣһҪˡ
˾£ǴõӣҶȾ˾ͺáկΪ
κӳȴǲôˣ߷ߵԼľƲˡ
Ҷһ·ҡҡλεȥéǱߣˣ۵ϲˣͷϵЩηҶҲӣһۣЩ϶ǽģҶûֱˣյ˿ռ
ﻻһͨȹ׼ʼж


56 
ɽկЩСපҲͨȹ, ǽȻŻѣɫôǵ˵, Ҷǰȫ
ƹȺܼĵطһ·կκӳɵС¥ȥˡ
ɽկ˶ǰף, ֻǵļ, Щﻹž, վſ˵Ц
ҶƵկסС¥ƵС¥ĺ棬һ˼, Ӳƿһ¥һûйʵĴ, ҶֱӴӴ﷭˽ȥ
һƬ, Ҷӿռһյ͵, С¥ȥЩ˵ҶûóȻȥڶ¥һȦ, һŮ
Ů, ʵģ
ţկһöû, ˰졣 Ҷ俪ڵ
Ůɫôãկ, ɫҲ䵭ǱߵһǣСЩ, ϲĶҪô, Ҫûġ
ã֪ˡҶ˵ţæߵǼǰƿţ˽ȥ
կӺȫһɢһЩζһɲϴĳζ
Ҷ³Ŷ˽ȥǷ߽կԷԷζ͸ˡ
ҶתһȦߵ߷һͨûʲô֮ǰĶ
ּȥԷ滹һС鷿С鷿һļϰڷһѳǽϻŹ
Ҷε˿կѵⶫƷҶֱӵ˿ռţԺá
ҲһҶֱ˽ȥߵկǰͼϾȻģķһ顣
Ҷ˿Ƿ֣ܿö
ⶫ˵ûãҲǲģռطҶֱ˽ȥ
Ȼҵ˼õĶҶĿĿɲҵկĽ⡣
Щ˼ӦҲ˲ٵĶӣǻһֳȥҲܸʲôֵǮĶ£ȫĵط϶Էˡ
ҶһȦկ¹˸׳죬ȴҲֻһЩ·
Щյʱ򣬷˲Ծ¹һ滹н50׵ľ룬ǲȴǷġ
ҶòԾ¹ǰŲŲ¹ĺ¶˳Ȼͼ¹棬һСţСϻ
ҶӿռһѸӣӾһӦҿ
Ҷ佫СŴ򿪣ͷһСľӡ
ֱӽľק˳Ҷٴøӽ俳ӣͼװŵĽ
ҶҲûϸֱӽӺϣӵ˿ռ
Щӵϼһ񣬶첽¥ȥ
ߵһ¥Ҷ仹ûߵǵĽ̸
˻զ¶ȶţȥһéޡ
ȻңҲȥ
УϢź˼Ҫȥéޡ
Ҷ˵ƺɴ໹ߵ֮ǰǼӣĶˣҶֱӴӴ˳ȥ
룬ץʱƵκӳɵС¥棬վһһ¥ĴӣҵһɶģƿѸٷ˽ȥ
κӳ¶࣬С¥浹Ǳկò٣Ҳûˡ
ҶһΣ֪һ¥鷿κӳɳԷĵطûʲôÿģֱ˶¥
Ͷ¥һŮӭײˣŮ֮ǰͼҶ䣬û뵽ҶæҶôˣ
£һһ˶կԷĶ
ŮЩԾָָǱߡ
ҶתߵʱֱӴӺŮ
첽κӳɵķ䣬ͼκӳɵķҪˣϰڷŻƿԷҲ޵ĺܺ
ҶһͨңҲûҵ̫õĶΨһοǣκӳɵûѽƱ̫أһеȴСľͰ¹ԱߣҶ򿪿һۣͼнԪһСб鱦ȫҵķ档
Ҷ俴˼۾ͰЩŵ˿ռκӳɵ¹ҵĴ멣Ҳֱӱӵ˿ռ
ҶԾǴһ¥˳ȥֻγȥʱҶûӵȼһ¥鱾ҶԶˣκӳɵС¥Ҳ˻
κӳɵС¥һѻˣҶƺȥկ¥ˡ
кҩҩЧѾ˳һϺһеĸߵһʹϡһӣ֮é޳ɽկģǶƴ漷ȥ̲סģֻܾ͵ؽ
ǰկļֵҲ̲סĶ
磬Ҳȥһˡ
ңһ𣬲Уˣ
ܳģ绹أ
ҽջҪأôܰŪóѬģҪҶ֪ˣôң
˵ţκӳֱԼһˣҶҲȥéޣ᲻ҲǳԻˣ
ʱկĶҲǹ๾һͨҽУŶӴӻƤУҲȥⲻԾ϶ȥѳ˶йǲǽյû죬ô˶ӣ
磬ǲҪǣҶ䣬ԣ϶Ҷ䣬կֻһˣ϶ҩ˵֮ǰҶŪһֵֻߡ
˵̫һûסֱ˳ǰʱһ˵ĳζ
߶ˣ϶Ҷ䣬϶Ǽ˸ɵĺ£
κӳҲˣ׵ӣЩֵһѻǰŪóѬ죬ˣѪˣǳЩ˵ĴҶǵһܺߣǵһȥé޵ġ
ʲôȥéޣ˵ˡ߶һǰʱˡ
κӳȥéޣŪˣҶ϶ҲǳԻˡ
κӳΪȾƺȵ٣ﻹûжĿЩǣһéȥˡ
κӳȥҶ䣬ȴҲ֪ȥĶˡ
һվǰ˸
ʱһŶӵСܹţˣˣկˣ
κӳֱһߵϣ˵ʲôҺõúܣ
կկֻǣկסС¥ˣѾˣȥɡ˵ţСŶӣ̲סĹ๾ҽУСĳǰ
κӳɶ첽˳ȥȻԶС¥죬Ѿյ¥ˣκӳָǱߣʲôȥȻ𣬻쵰ȥȻ𰡣
ȻҶԹ˲ϾеĸֽŶѾûˣеĻȥé޵·ϣеȥéޣڿ˳
κӳԺ󺰴УԼͻȻһ죬κӳæéȥֻо̫죬κӳɸܵһ룬ԭ˿ȹϱ㱻罦ĵǡ
κӳ˶ɵˣվԭһʱ䲻֪Ǻá
ûܹίүûЩ£κӳֻ춼ˣɵվڷҡ
ȻկҲԹ˲ϾûλվԺկ
ҶѾС¥Ǳ߻ˣտӣûˣҲЩƲ˺涼ǰƿӡƿӵҩЩ˲ʮӦͣˡ


57 
Ҷߵסʱ, Oǰ粻֪ĶȥˣֱŽ˽Oǵķ䡣
OҲû˯Ҷ֮ǰͷǿߵ, ²ҶžµᣬСһڴϢ, ҶѶš
Oû뵽ҶֱŽ, æʵôѵ
ҶЦЦ, ڲ˵ʱ뿪ߡ
Ҷ˵, ѿռǼ˳, Ӹ˽O, 洩, ڴȻ̫ˡ
áOæѴ면ãС, ô멽Сڸס
Сһһͷˮ, Ҷ㲻Ҫͱ˳ײҪôҪߣ
Сһûи㶮ȴǺڽ㻳
ҶŽOţһ·ɽկĶȥ, Ҷ֮ǰ鿴ϴ·һξ㶼ɽ, ֻһڶţΪ壬ҳĺһֿ, ţҲߣҶɲЩ¡
ߵʱ, ˼ŶӰˣҶҲͣߣֱϴ·ߡ
Ҷƿһţңȥüһ뿪
šOҲҶ䣬ֻͷŽO˷䡣
һƬO˨֮󣬱վűЩĵȴҶ䡣
Ҷַص˳˳ųߵһСߣͿɽկ﻿ĵط
֮ǰЩ˾ͽ˲ٵƥ⼸Ҳ˺üƥҶܵǱȻʮƥڡ
ֱӽЩƥȫ뵽˿ռҶȥ˸ڵţţһͷţӦһһĸĸţ̣ܲҶҲֱӽͷţյ˿ռ
Ҷ䵹ûڼȦߣҶ䵹ǿ14ֻڹĸҶҲϸֱȫŪ˿ռ
űԼɨһյĺԺҶޱȵ㡣
ЩԱߵĲֿȥ
ֿĴÿϣר˸ţĻÿҪõʳ֮󣬲ֿĴҪرյģԴʳĵĲֿ⣬ɽկ˻ǿܺϵġ
ֻΪҶͶŵкҩûֵܼסΧѾûˡ
Ҷӿռ˸ӣ׼ʱ򣬴ȴǳһˣŶҪéܣͿҶվڲֿſڡ
һŶӣһߺʲôˣ
ҶŤͷˣ첽˳˹ȥ
˸ˣҶѾǰҶֱøӵĳס˵ĲƬ֮˱ûˡ
Ҷɿˣ첽ߵ˲ֿſڣøӽϣֱŽ˲ֿ⡣
ϵĹ̫Ҷ²ֿŵ۹࣬׷۳ըûҵ͵ƣֱӽֿĶȫա
Ķܶ࣬ҶҲûʱ㣬֮ȫ˵
ЩҶƵ˳ǱߣֱӽͰ˳Χķ˻ֱͣӵ
ʱҲ˴
Ҷ䲢㣬ֻ˼˼ʲôãɽկ׼Ҳֻк·Ҷ仹žܰǶˡ
ôţҶһͰոհĵطȥԽǱߣ˾Խ࣬ЩһϺһеĶڵˡ
Ҷ䣬ЩҲ޷ӦéǱ߾͸˵ˣһȥмʮ˶éſڣ֮ɽկĴ󲿷˶ˡ
Ҷֱӽ͵ܱߵķϣмžϯҶҲһЩ͡
˲Ծʵǣﵹʲô
ҶЦЦʲô
һͰͺܿ͵ˣҶ佫Ͱӵһߣ׼˵һߵԶκӳȴǿҶ䡣
ǿ˾һҶ˹
ҶϵϲˣκӳһȻ˵ӿڵǲҲԻӣǸŪȹˣҶҽͣǸ⣬ǧû뵽Щǳ׵ҡ
Ҷκӳ̫ˣУ֪ˣԶ㣬Ҳ̫ˣկĶأҹȥһˣҾε϶˹ôģ˵׼Ǽֵܡ
κӳһһѾı飬λǳéǱָָҵǣǱأǱ̫࣬һʱӦҲ
û£Լȥҡ
Ҷ˵һߵ͵ȥӻһӳ˴ӵ˵͵ĵط˲ȼ˳Ҷ䵹͵·һƬ
ӵŴľͷģ̼ΧӱȫȼмϯҲˡ
ڳĺܶ˶ԭأлܶɢӴܣбɵġ
κӳɴվԺȹ
һ߼ҪϨϵĻһԾɲŵĿҶǱߣҶ䣿ģģ
ȻϵĻԽԽΧķţɫ
ҶҲѾٵƵéߣߵ˸ࡣ
ҶֱӰѴկ˳ߵĹóֽһմ͵Ʋϵ˼ϣûӽƲȼֱӳǱߵéݶ˹ȥ
ݶȫǸɲݣʸ䵽棬é޵Ķ̼죬Χ㱻ϴȹͺʵ˻Ƶӣһʮʮٵĵȼ˲˵·ͷ
Ҷ仹Ӳңһ֧˻ļʸЩǱյİҪܣŨ̹и˷ֱӱ̤ģҲлġ
Ҷ侲վڰһУֱŨ̹ѾˣҶСϴ·Ǳȥ
˵կûбջٵģǾϴ·ߣЩСǾסĵطҶ䲻ٻ̫ʱȥշӣ飬Ѿ㹻ɽկ
Сһ·˸ոյϴ·ҵ֮ǰýOصĵط
ҶţûƶָæOңǵˡ
OҶæŴ򿪣һžͿ˲ԶĴ𣬡ô£
ҲûʲôҷŻկˣǸϽߡҶ˵ţһѰѵϵСӳСһСżȥ
OǽҶ󣬲ʱǾԽϴ·ɽϣԶĸ滹վˣΪ˻ѣҶԼˡ
ҶںڰнСӵݸ˽OŽO˸ƣʾ㵽һȥ
OıСԶ΢˼壬СĿꡣ
Ҷǰѹ˳ĩյʱǹ൱ĺãֶͨոϰ˼˻Щյġ
վڸСɻĿɽկÿʱһڣÿȥ֮κկܣ˴룬еһ˻ȥš
ɽկˣҪҪȥ
ɵѽ㣬ҪǱ˽Իȥˣ϶Ҫܷģһȥš
Ǻá
һ˸תľʵ¥Ǳߣһ֧ʸƿճ˹ȥҶһֱ˵ļ˸׼һֱۣ֮Ӵľ¥ȥôߵ¥ݣˤȥȻɥ


58 
վڸҲ, һߺ֣ͬһ߾Ŀܡ
ֱߵĹ˳׼ʱɱոշżˡ
ҶʱҲ乭, ֱָˣһ֮, Ҷ
ϵǸ˼һ֮, , ؿڡͷҲֱмƬ֮û
Ҷ佫ջأ첽Oȥ, ɫ̫, ķִ, Ҷû취͵ƻ, ոչʱ·˳ûùĻѡ
Ҷûӽһѵſڵ߰ɣ뿪˵
šOСӸҶ
Ҷһ־Ż, һųǰ濪·, ǰһƬڵ֣ǻɽկ
ҶΪ˼O߲죬ûߵ̫, ټҹ·ߣڻҪɽ, ͸ˡ
СЩҺ档Ҷѵ
šOһ·СӣѾЩû, սЩס
߳ȥһ·֮Ҷؿ, ͼOȫϸܵĺ飬һֽӹСӣֵĻյСһ͸ɴѻѵ˹ȥŻѣСЩ
áOĴ˼ñСˣֻ˲٣ӹ֮ǰ·
Ҷ䣬ôû𣿡Oҹɫ̫ڣ˻ʧ
Ҷеȵ£ԭϢһ
˵ţҶͿʼڿռϷҵһָ룬ָ뻹ûĴҪ1øжȶһ
Ҷֱӵ˶һһ̣Ժϵͳϲ׶һɹǰʣһֵ35
ҶЩʱ򣬽OȴڴҶ䣬ǶȿȥҶСӷ
OɻĿҶһûסҶǰ˻ΣҶ䣿ʲôأˡ
Ҷնһָ룬عûʲôһֱָķ߾ͺá
ɽկλþڱߣҶֻҪһ·Ͼɽҵ֮ǰ·
OҶĶ˹ȥָûʲôʵأüʵǺ
OھǳЩϡŹֵĶҲûټǰĶȴǴû
һװ̣߰ɣϳע⿴ŵ㷽򣬱·ˡҶѵ
Oָ룬ѹеɻȷʵ˵ĵط߳ȥΪá
ţ֪ˡOӦһһŻѣһָǰ·
ҶǱСһڽOСһеˣÿʱ䣬Сһ綼˯ˡ
ҲЩŲסƤ´ܣ֪ԼҶ䣬СһǷĵſҶ仳˯
Ҷһ˿Сӣ΢䣬Сһﵹ˯ˡ
ҶͽOһ·ûͣ£˽һʱʱ䣬ŴɽھĶҶͽOҲҹﻹ̫Щ
OҲ۳һĺǰ𣿡
ҶͷԶһɣҵʱԶŵĻҲȷɽկȫˣȫԶһΪá
ãѡOĻѾϨˡ
Ҷһ죬ֳһѡ
ҶǸµĻѸO˹ȥ
OüģҲȥҶǴĶģֽӹǸµĻѵȼǸСĻŪ
˽һʱ·Ѿʱ賿3㣩ˣҶҲʵ۲ˣ㿪ڵˣѣϢϢߡ
ãȥЩľO˵ţΧ˸֦
Ҷ˱۾԰һᣬֱӰƥ֮ǰľ˳
˵O֮ǰǻܣڲûˣOֱȷˡ
ɽկܳʱʲôûУȴƾձһľһƥ˭ᱻ𾪵
ҶҲû취ϵģ¶أҪޱҲҪЩԵĲԼɽկϵıֻ㲻ҽOСҲȷʵҪԼչˣO㷢ԼܣҲԼ̫вϾڻõԼ
뵽Ҷƹˤˡ
OһС֦ͷͼҶ仹վֻǺЩԾ
Oüģ˱۾ۣOɨҶСӣֿһԵľ
ԭôԶ·Щ룬ɿľƥʱ۾ǲԾˡ
OָָҶ󣬡ľƥ
Ҷһߵ˽OߣСĵĽӹ˻ѣְС˽O
ҶһûڵһСѻһںߣǸƥȽϴɣ϶֪ζܹˡ
Ҷ㱻Լɶ̧֣ȥOͼOСӣһֹϾͲдšҺܺƭǰɣ⼸֡
ҶֳЦڵܵľǱߣޱְѸǵı˳
ŵú˯ɡҶ͵ոյûЦſ򽪽O˵
OһʼȥϵӰˣǵһЩԣûӰӵģȻҶһֱܺãҶ˵Ļʵͦµġ
Oţ䵽ҶӰ棬ڻӳ£ҶӰӻͦģȥԼûʲô
O˰˫ЩʹһֱҲǰ취ɴ˹ȥСӷŵ˱Ǻ˱ӡ
OٺСӣֿľԱߵƥͼƥҲӰӣǻŵ
OɫջߣתʱҶȥľùˡ
OʵҪʲô
һϣЩˣŪЩԣȥǱϢɡҶ˰ʲôĶᵽ˻ѱϡ
ŽOߣҶӿռóһŰײˣһһ⣬ЩȥɽկĳͰʱ˳ִߵġ
ҶذƤO˹ȥ
ﻹЩϰµģO߿˰ϵ⡣
Ҷɻʲôڽ͵Ǵɽկ˳ģǽɱʺʣİɡ
O˱۾̾˿ǵⲻǺҶѶǴĶóġ
OҲûʣ룬ץסҶذ׵󣬽OĴָðҶϡ
ܵҶµģOĲų׷Ȼǹ֣ǻҶ벻ͨҲ˵
ôοԼO㲻ٺˡ
Ҷ䵽˽OԼϣɻôˣ
£ûУ׼ʲôˡOæԼ˻ȥ
һ׼⳴ˣȻپƬųһԡҶôһ룬͸ˣƷֿ˼֡
˰ɣȥ棬ܿһЩO˴ҹҲȷʵˡ
ҶӦһｻ˽OԼȥľľװģóһֲۣ֪Ķͳһɾİ
Oһֱľװң㱻ЦˣԼǰװء


59 
ҶһҲûԼ˵Ծ, Լľݵĸˣװ˰ŰۺͰᵽ˻ѱߣϴϴ, ſʼ档
һ·Ҷǻ϶ǳ׷ҪôǺ, ǽǼ֮ų˼, ʳˡ
ʱ, ҶͰͺˣ΢һĹҶԼһСѻ, ʯͷڷڻܱ, չ
չﵹˮ, ŵϵˮտ
OѾʼ, Ϊһ¶˵Ĳֿ⣬Ҷռ͸Ķ࣬á
һͲ˵Ʈ˳, Ϊ, OϹһƣŴ⻹óԡ
Ѿ˯ŵСһ΢΢鶯˼, Сӹ๾Ľ
۾ǳ, Сһ֮۾Сţ㰡~
ҶЩЦĿСè˻û, ֪㣬ˣ
Сһ۾, Ҷ˵ͷӱСȾ˽OҶߡ
Źﹾཹཱུðʵ㣬ʲôóԵģ
Oޱȷɣ˳Ĵɽկ˳ԼãOü䣬⡢ײ˻һܳˡ
°£Сӵ˵ͷȥҶ䣬СԴҶ䣬Ҷ㣬㲻ǲҪҺͽ𣿡
ҶСһƭЩ˵ģôܲҪǣ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪ҶˡСӺ˹Ҷĸ첲˲䣬ֿչʵʲôѽ
ȻƬ֮ͲһųԡҶ͵˵ĹˮѾˣҶһһչƬ
Сһһ۾ţͲˮˡ
OչСӵôúһ㣬ӻĶӻ·ϳֵģ
Сӳ彪OЦЦô˽㣿
û£ͦõġһҲͦɰģOʧЦҡҡͷ
ʱҶƤˣOҲ˹ǣζͲζƮɢ˳Ҷ䶼˿㡣
ҹˣһЩ
ҶһǰɽկˣַŻɽկ֮󻹱Ž˽ʱȷʵۻˡ
Ҷ˵ͷţڶܳһͷţ
СӸ͵ĵ˵ͷҲǣ
OʧЦĿһһСãͶԵ㡣
ҮСӿĵľȭͷϲҶͽ㶼ߡ
֮ǰɽկʱȻҲԵú˯úãЩȴҪҶ㣬ǿɲУҶǽģɲܱߡ
˵Ĺ򣬽OѾ룬ÿʢ˰ͲˣҶƬֱʢ
OСӽƤͲ˰赽һ𣬶һʯͷСһŵʯͷϣýʯͷá
СһһõӾ˷ܵĴһ߾մȾա
ҶҲǳһƬƬûʲôζմȡ˲˵֭֮һȥڸرķḻ̼ˮвƷ֮֬һȥҶޱȵ㡣
ֳһѾã֮ȥҧֻҪһڿлرĺóԡ
Ҷһ룬ŸоԼˣOҲһ롣
ҹ֮Сһֻȥ˯ˣ컹û
Ҷ俴˿OڵҲȥ˯ɣߡ
OѹʰãȴҶô£Ҳ˯ţ˯ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˼֦
O߿Ҷ䣬˼Ƭ̣ԼóһֱֽӵҶ仳
Ҷ¾æҵĽס˽Oӹֽûüʶʵʲôѽ
OһۣûҶ䣬Ȼǲػ
ҶO˵ɴཫֽ򿪣ͼдŴ֡顱
Ҷһⲻ֮ǰɽկдµ滹ĺӡ
ҶЩû㶮O˼ȻɽկԼǱκӳɱƵд飬ӦһֱǽOҪĶɣ
ϾOԭӦԭϾϵˣҶɽկʱ򣬲˳ˮ۵д飬ΪǽOĶôְӸԼˣ
ʲô˼
ҶСĿ˽Oۣ˴֣̽ԵʵO㲻Ҫˣ
OüҶ䣬ôɽկǱȵдⶫд飿
ҶֻԼĻѾOˣæҡͷǲǣҿ϶ǱƵİȨ֮ƣΪ˻ѣȻҿ϶дⶫ
Ҷһ߽ţһڽOע¿ٵİ˺飬ֱӽ˻
ų彪OЦ˼㿴չˣġ
Oĵ˵ͷͷȥҶ䣬ȴԾ΢΢
ҶͦԼģôţO˲٣֮ǰɽկ￴ҶһϲֻĶĶۣںˣѾ뿪ˡ
ҶOûеأȻϵͳʾϲ׻ŮOøж50ǰøж-30ʣһֵ65
Ҷ۾ˣӦɽկýOԼĹ۲٣ҲܿĳOѾʼԼˣҶ˿
ֻҪOʯĳͺãˢøжȵٻеϣôţҶ͸ˡ
OŤͷҶʱ򣬾ͼҶڿŻɵЦҶ䣬Цʲôأ
ҶæعûʲôǺòӳˣͦĵģȥ˯ɣǰ컹ü·ҵ֮ǰ·
ŴִɽҰС·ŢߣҲסͨУû߹ٵ
ţ˯һȻ㡣OһҲЩˣȥСһ˯ˡ
Ҷһ50֣ȴǸ˵Щ˯ţҹɴϢ
ɫʱҶ첽ߵOСߣְˡ
Oǵ·ˣǻߵԶһЩȷȫҹȻʱ·ҶԾɾòգϾһ𲻿ˣǻǽһЩźá
O۵ʱͼɫѾˣ˵ʵȻɽկԵúáסúãȴĵģʱܲȥʱֵҶΣգΪҶߣOѵõ˯һþ
壬ЩֵĿҶ䣬ôûң
ҲҼ˯㣬˯ҶЦŽ͵
ôУĻܲס
ã֪ˣҹҶЦӦ
˳һѱ˻û˯ѵСӣСſ۾ûգ¾ıˡ
Ҷ䶼Цˣ󽪽Сһ۾ϴˣ˳ٽ˯
Сһǿ۾ſһ϶ҶôˢˮϴְСһﰲٵϡ
Oѹŵϵʱ򣬼Ѿ۾üҲ䣬Сһﻹͦġ
Ҷ佫ľ׵ϣѯʵOָأøһ¡
OƬָ̣ĹߣOָóˣһϿûмģмҲû
OۣǰָݸҶ䡣
Ҷֽӹһﴩһ߰ķ滮·ߡ
һ߾һʱ䣬Ǵɽկĺɽ֮ǰĴ·Ӧûһξ룬ҶҲżָ룬ֻҪշߣ϶ҵ·
ʱҶóţɺ͵ģЩ֮ǰЩģپһ·Ͳӵķˡ
Ҷ佫óʱС۾ڷŹ⣬֮ǰɽկʱͺϲЩСģû뵽뿪˻ܳԵ
OƵĿҶ䣬ҶOԼ͵ϴδЩɻģʳﲻ׻Բűôá
OҶܵЦ£֪ҶͨҲҶⶫֱһ
СһҲһһĿĵһء
СһԵļһڵһɵģԵıˡ
ҶҲһĵζʵһ㣬ʤζǷֻܲ䲻ģټϻɣҶûһͳԱˡ
ɫ̫СһûԾֱֺ֮˯ˡ
СһԱˣͻȻе㲻Ծͽ㻹Ҷ㲻ǴӻӳӳʱûƥѽƥĶģ
С˫ץץԼͷССߣ벻׵飬СһܸоץһץСͷ
ץ˰죬СץˣҲûǴĶܳġ
Сһɴ̧ͷҶ䣬ʵҶ㣬Ҽǵ˴ɽկܳģĶģ
OûסſڱǣЦ
ҶƲƲ죬OЦתתͿʼСӡ
ƥܴģųϵζȻѰζһ·˹
Сһ۾ˣԭƥôԼˡ
ǽOǶ˷֮£ҲֳỨ
⻰ҲҶϹĳڣϤζԼҹܹѵĹ¶һ㣬οһƥ
Ҷ⻰Ҳš
ȻСЦ̧һ޹ʵ㣬ôЦѽʲôЦ𣿡
O˼ҶһίıʱOЦ˼ɫûʲôҶ˵ȻԼˣҲûʲôϡġ
ţСһĵ˵ͷȻˡ
ҶƲƲ죬ôýO⻰ڳ
˵ЦһЩˮˮ֣ҶŰСһﱧ˳׼ȥǣOȴסҶ䣬ȥ˯ǣ
ãҲȥЪŰɡҶЦ˵
OȴҶ䣬ʾҶָ
ҶִҪǣҲֻ˳˼ָ˽Oаɣȥ˯˽ҡ
ҶˣOɫŻֽӹҶָƥȥ
ҶɵСһԱߣԼ˱ӡ
СӳҶ֣ҶСһЦԳ˯˯ġ
Գ˯˯Ҳ۵ģСһһǿ
Ҷ䱻СӶЦˣСһ˴Ĵָ͵е
OǣϱߣͷͿһһС֪ڸʲôOü䣬תͷǣƥǰȥ
Ϸкܳһ·ҪߣֻҪһ𣬽O·ҲûôѰˡ
ҶСһ۵˯ˣϴıQһϻһϵҲȷʵˡ
ҡҡλβôҶԾ˯ðȡ
һֱ̫ɽˣOǣһǰӣǱصɽһĵطõģӦѾķϺܾˡ
ۿɫҪOòƥͣ£ߵȥҶ䡣
Ҷ䣬Ҷ䡣Oһ߽УһҶֱۡ
СһҲקҶָ˻ΣҶ㣬
ҶԺ۾ʵôˣ
̫ɽˣҪҪԸһOʵ
Ҷǰ˿ȻͼǰԶһ
˵ͷãǽǾס
Ҷ˵ţȥ߰ɣȰϹȥ
˵ţҶͽOһ˹ȥ
ˣ³ɡҶ˵ţһѰСӱСһϢһ磬棬һ˳ҶͽO߱ı
OüۺЦѵЩˤˡ
ŷСһԹԵͷ
Ҷǰ棬ӿռ˳ųȥ⴦ǽ͵ˣķҲãǺôܵ磬Ǳ¶ҰҪǿ
Ҷ֮󣬾Ϳ﹩ɽӦǱɽҶҲûɽϰ˼ƾɵ̣ϻһĻҳѾܾû˹ˡ
Ҷ߼ɨ𴦣յģѾյĲľ֮ǰӦס
Ҷұ߿ȥһȷʵһ£Ǻ£ֻǿˣȻһ
OҲˣæҶ䣬Ǳ𣿡
ҶŤͷ˽OһۣȥңҪʬĻˣٽȥ
OҲЩʬ壬˵˵ͷıŽ˳ȥ
Ҷǿ첽ǱȥеĳһֱţʱҶߵ˽ǰ
Ҷ˵壬ͼ˶˶˻ۣ۰
ҶԭΪأ׼ʬӳȥˣȴ룬⡰ʬ塱˹
Ҷæ£̽̽˵ıϢҶˣѣѣ㻹𣿡
˱ҶѣɫĲҰ׵ĿҶ䣬ȣȾҡ
Ů˵˿Ҷü΢΢ʵ˵Ķˣ
󱳡Ҷ߿˹ȥȻͼŮ˺һˣӡЩѪ
ôԼģҶʵ
ңҡŮֻ˵ֱ֣˹ȥ
Ҷһ˼Ƭ̣ǾȰ˾˵ȻʲôȻˣҲԵ֣ڲȱԵĺʣŮǸŮǬԪǸؼģҲкô
ϾҶ̫ˣֻһǬԪŸСӣױ˵ǣٶһǬԪҲܺһЩ
ЩҶ룬˲ǸֵģԼǾԲõġ


60 
Ҷæȥ, Oˣʵôˣ˻ţ
Ҷ˵ͷ, ߰ɣǰѶȥ, Ͼ˯
áO˵, Сһ, Թվﲻȥö
ŷСһԹԵͷ
Ҷɨ, ѡǸŮ˲Զһյ, ɨ㿪ʼյ϶ѻͻҳ, Щ, O̵˵ϣޱŵ档
룬Ҷֳȥһޱ, СĽޱ̵Ů, ѾԵŮŲޱϣſޱϡ
Ů˺ϵ˿ЩѾɺˣϵȹճһ, Ҷ䲻ð·ɴཫ˵һط·
ɹǼǲ, ·ϵĲӺ˿ѾճһĻֻ˿ڸ, ҿԿ˿ѾЩŧ, ٲʱΣ˵Ǳסˡ
ҶԺ˼Ƭ̣ϵͳ˶һ壬ŵĵڶƷҽưҪʹ3һֵжһҶ»ʣ65һֵⶫԺҲôɴĵ˶һ
һ룬ϵͳĻе𣬡ϲףѳɹʹ3øжȶһҽưǰʣһֵ62
ҶֱӰҽư˳OǱһһʱעҶǱߵĶȻͼҶͽóһķĺ
O򴽰꣬ոĻ˲ٵ֦ȴǼҶǱߡ
Ҷֱӽ˳Ӳ󣬲һԵסˮɴֹƬзȵȡ
ҶֱӰѵ˳մŵŮ˵˿ں·ճĵطһһŪʪֱ˿ڸȹȫʪ֮ҶһǩѹƤ⣬һĽճ˿ϵ·
õŪʪˣ˿ڣŮ˻Ǳˡ
һۣȴǸû˵ɫҲҰ׵ˡ
Ҷ䵹һֹƬְˮ«˹ҩƬιŮߣֹ۵ҩ˿ںܴ󣬶ҺöطѾŧˣһۣһ̰ɡ
Ů촽ѸɺԣſڳҶҩҶιˮ˼ڣŰѿзҩƬȥ
Ҷҩ¶׵Ů˺ԣҶ䵽Ů˵˿ϣ˿ĿӦʮףŨˮѪˮ㵽һ
Ҷ佫Ƥ״ãǩŮ˿ϵŨˮһһļ
ŮȻţԾ۵Ļ
ҶüڵOҹѹļ򣬱Ҷ
áOæߵǱߣ˫ְѹסŮ˵ļȴ䵽Ů˱˿ϣɵüö۰
СӼҪԹԵԼڻԣҲ֣ΪڣСһﲻҹȥ
˽Oæ˰סҶѾüǩ˿ϵŧȫһ飬ʣûɾģҶ˵մŵǩһһ˿ڡ
˿ϲƾۣԾɻ˿ڣŮ˵ҲŲԾķ
ֹҩôã˶ܺһ㡣
õһ˿ڣҶˮٴ˿ڣԵĸܵŮ˵嶶ĸˡ
ˮŪ˿ϺۣŮ˵˿һʱˣҪ֤ɾҶһźöַ˿ڣϾô˿ڲϵĻ׳á
ЩҶŽõ˳ִҽѧеķȻգҶ俴˿ҩֲǣҪֶߡ
ֽĽõŪãҶ߿˽Oǧ˰סˣȻҲ÷˿ڡ
Ҫ߷ϣܵ𣿡Oʳûۡ
ܲҲû취ô˿ڣϵĻá˵ţҶֶԻſŮ˵˿ڣ̵ۣס𣿡
Ů˿ǵ˵ͷ
Ҷ˽Oһ񣬽Oæ˰סҶ㿪ʼ˿ڷ
Ϻ˿ڣٴǩմ˵ϵ˿ЩҶſʼɴŮ˵˿ڰá
ŮϵȹҶ˸߰˰ˣһޱŮ˸ϣŮѾιȥˡ
˵ôأܻ𣿡OŮѾ˹ȥʵ
ҶŮ˵Ķ䣬һƬ̣֪ˣܲܰɡ
Ҷ˵ţŮ˵аŮŪˣյҩ裬ҩŮι˽ȥιˮ
ŮԺĽҩ£ʱֻ˯˹ȥ
Ҷ˯£ŽOڵҳȥЩ
O֪ҶҪʲôˣֻҲûвҶ䣬á
Сܵ˽OߣŽOĴȣ㣬ǱǸ˭ѽ
Ҳʶ˺صˣԹԵģȥòãO
ŷСһԹԵͷ
Ҷȥִ֮һۣŰײˣһֻۺͰײ˶ϴûģۣϴֻһ㣬ʣºܶࡣ
СԶԶͿҶļ۾ˣOȹ㣬쿴Ǽ
OȻǿˣСӵķţˡ
˵ţOҶߡ
Ҷգգ۾ǽԼ棬ҲЩ
ţЩˮO˵ţͰ˳浹˲ٵˮ󽫹ܵ˻ϡ
ҶǰѼõȥɱȰѪŸɾˣҶŰѼ˻ȵˮ֮ͽO㿪ʼμë
СһѰļë߬棬һ滹һëĸԼСͣҲûԼһжټë
ëθɾ֮Ҷ򽫼ϲϸСëûţһһֻ㱻ĸɸɾҶˮϴʱذװѼƤϸոսۣһһĹε㿪ʼƶǡ
OǱҲ׼һɾ壬Oһ棬ߦȽߦ
۳ɼۣ֮õкãٶһ£װˡ
ҶҲѼһ£ܳԵģѲܳԵȫӵ档
Ҷ佫зֿŵҾƺεζְѰײ˿кãȼ˵ʱ򣬰Ѳ˺ŽȥһӪ⡣
ڹţСܹýOҶ漦ë
ҶһСһԴЦȥˮǱ˽£㡣
ŷҶҪСһԹԵͷȥҽOˡ
Ҷľ˰ˮʪŮ˽ͲһȻҶͷŮǬԪûͦÿģֻɫ԰ףһʱҪӡ
Ҷ̾˿ˮͶϴһ󽫽ߣŮӣֻſ˯
Ҷصߵʱ򣬾ͼСһļëһһķOﻹдʣ㣬һһ
Сһ𾢣ҶˣҲļëҶ䡣
Ұ࣬СһҲͼë֦ˡ
ҶüС棬һСһľͱļˡ
ѽOҶļëˣչҶֱʵҶ㣬Ǹܳ𣿡
Ҷ䶼ЦˣСèУҪһζһǸҲóԡ
Ұ档СӿĵĲУֻ۾᲻뿪
Ҷǵչ̫СҲֻˣζǲģϾˮȪˮ滹ҾƣټǸոɱĻζӦòУֻǵȴʱ̫ˡ
ǹһһܣʱƮɢﶼǡ
Ҷ;򿪹ƲθĭСȷʵĶ굽ȥˡ
ҶЦԹԵģһܳˣż
ҲǿСһһˮһӲǰҶͽOЦˡ


61 
ֹһ, ļѾĺˣҶĸȷ̵ֱ, ֽżȵ˽OͽȳЩ, һٳ档
أOļ, ɵһů, ҶÿζʲôöȽá
ҳᣬŮ, в˹ͷ, Ҳ̫ܳ෹, һŪЩ, żһιԡ
áO֪ƴҲûãҲٶ˵Ҷݺ⡣
ҶԼ, һ鼦, ÿӽŪһһģŮҧ
ЩҶ佫Ͱײµ˹, Լǿ˼
⼦رã, УֻҪһԶ, Ҷ¾ͳһᡣ
СһҲһһ, ûһͱСһ˰
ǳԵĿģСһһ߳һ߻ﲻסĵóԣ
һóԣŵӳ档ҶЦ˵
ҶֳһᣬͰײҲѾˡ
ҶǰѹļָOͽʢһЩּһЩײ˺棬ϼ
̼ˮаײ˵쵽һ𣬹žͺʳ
ҶСһŵĴʯͷϣСһԼӰһһĳ£ֻ˵һСһ۾ˣȼȻҪóЩ
óԣҶ㣬ϲ棡Сһ￴ҶʱգѾܶҶ޼ɵˡ
ҶЦЦϲͶЩԺҺ㾭ԡ
ҮСȻʲôܳԣϲʳ
ҶȴʧЦҡҡͷ˵Ĳֿˣкܶ࣬Ӧ㹻ǵϱˣ߲ˡˮЩûУҶ仹üϣϵͳ
ҶҲԼʢһ棬˳ҲϵŮʢһ룬ѸŮʢÿӼ飬һ΢һЩˣιŮ˳ԡ
Ҷţڴڵĳã̼ˮζЮżҶ伸ǼھͰһԹˣָԼʢһ룬֮ҶŶһŮߡ
ҶˣѣЩ˯ȻŲס
Ů˻գȴŵʳǿ̧ͷֻ̫ҶӶû塣
Ҷʢһ⣬ιŮߣŮǸоʲôһ嶫ſڽҶιĶȥ
Ҷôһһ׵ιţŮ˱㼱ææĳţֻθ޵׶һǰλ֮ǰѾûгԶˡ
һ˶ǣϲǿһŮ̧ͷſ˾˵ĳֻ࣬ǿۣŮ˱۵Ķͷϳ˺
ɤҲ֮ǰǰɳˣ˵ĻԾɶ϶ллл˾ҡ
ڲ˵Щʱϵ˿ѾˣҲιҩܲͦȥǵÿԼˣȥʢ棬ҪҲµûƺܾûԶ˰ɣԵ̫෴áҶ˵ţȥʢˡ
ŮҶĻԺ䣬
ԭֻĸΪĸڼĸյʱ򣬱㲡ˣǰĸúûš
һֱǵĸ׵Уû취Լسǵĸۣǿû
ҲûùĶȥԱⱾǿ̱ˣӻĵ·ϣÿֻЩ˳һٷɼˣҲȺܶˣΪٻܳһٱ
һֱԱһĻмǰգһ⸽˽ٷˣΪ˱Աһң⼸ͬƴͽٷ
ٷǱˣͬ˺üˣԼĺҲٷ˿һ
֮Ա˰̧ԺУԼԱ˵׼ķʳˣ˵϶ͦȥˡ
֮ԱһߵʱҲûд뿪ͺûһ
뵽Ů˿ЦҡҡͷҲǣڵ£ͨԷ£Աһôܻ˼Լһ˵ˣ
ôţøովŮǬԪһƣȻԸˣιԣոճԳ˼ζ
Ҷ䲢֪ŮʲôѾʢ˰˻ȥվɰŪ飬һһι˹ȥ
һú˯һԵɡҶѾĶˣҽªԼ֮ܰ˿ڣѾܲˡ
Ů˵˵ͷʳҶι˰ȥŮ˲žԼ忪ʼһ֮ǰԼһֻѾ˹ŹأΪѵĸܵһһʧ
ЩʳܸоԼ˲٣ԾɺܲǿžٴζҶлˣллǾңҪܱסĻԺˡ
Ҷ̾˿ǰ˵Ѿ̸ʲôԺ
ȺúϢɣ̫ࡣҶ˵ţֻص˻ѱߣԼҲٳһЩֻԼ꣬һЩ͹ͷ
Ͱײ˻϶ˣʣһЩҶ֭ݱԡ
˱СһˣԼԹȥ˯ˣOҲҶȥ˯ȥ˯ɡ
ãϢһ磬˯һٽҡҶЦ
O߿Ҷ䣬Ҳԣ㲻ϴԼһһҹû
Ҷ彪OЦŵ˵ͷ֪ˣ
ڵĽOԼ˼룬ȴ˼ʵУ֮ǰǸӲ֪˶ٱȻˣ֮ǰȻҲֽܹOҪҲԭĴ
ҶȽOȥ˯ˣԼڻѱ߿ʼ̵ʣ֮ǰ̫ܵûüһԼŪЩʲô
ʼռӶ򿪣ĶһǴկķߵģһǴκӳߵģһ500ƽ2300ԼһС͵鱦䣬ҶʱֵǮӦҲˡ
֮ǰܵ20ƽ2806378öͭǮҶһ520ƽ2580ͭǮ䡣
ЩǮڹŴɲһСĿ㹻ͨһһʳˣϾڹŴһһĿֻҪʮӣƶļͥòôӡ
ţҶЩӣOСӸԼϷҲٱܿˡ
ǮּԼӲֿĶһ50ף39ۣ23Ͱ˲֡͡͡
Ļ105ײˡ810УɢɢӵζƷ
ҶռҲв٣˵14ֻոձǳһֻֻʣ13ֻһһĸͷţʮƥ֮ǰռӱǵõƥһ34ƥ
Ҷ俴ԼĿռ䣬ޱȵ㣬Щʣһ±˵
ҶǰĻ˲ٵľʱʱ߶˳ȥŮ˵״
ֻŮ˵һֱûˣҶ̾˿Ҳ֪ܲܳŹ


62 
ҹʱ, ҶѽO˻࣬ҶҲ, ֱ˯˽Oո˯ĵطʵԱ߻һӡ
O˯Լ, Ҳûж˵ʲô, ֻǿҶһۡ
һ, ˻ԿŻ
סôܵ磬Oķ, ʱѩƮ, 濪ʼѩˡ
ҶһǱѵ, ƾɵ, ܿ滹´ѩ
Ҷ˸ʵʲôʱµѩ
ʱ˯ûþͿʼ, ڶûͣOɫ, Щ֪Ҷжʳ˴ѩ, ѩµٴЩĻǿҪˡ
Ҷȴǲô, ʳ㣬һһˣҲûʲô
, ȥǱŮ˵ĶͷԸܵŮ˵ĶͷѾ, Ҷ̽һŮ˵ıϢȷ˻ţŷ
OҲ˹ʵôˣ
ѾˣֻҪ˿ϵĻȥӦûʲô⡣Ҷ˵űȥϴˡ
ϴִ֮ŽOϢһԼǰ׼緹ʣµļв٣ʣһЩ⣬֮ǰ㵽ĸѾˣζûԡ
Ҷ˺Σ˺һСһСķУʱɰͰ͵ξ˼֭žͺܺóԵӡ
СһζˣСһһģСҲȰȸͣ㰡
OСİСӱȴȥϴϾܳˡ
ҮҮСһ￪ĵ§Լҽ㣬ȥϴˡ
ϴСһųˣ͸˰ߵľţĶëѩ
ָ⣬´ѩ˽㣬档
OõԴЦһ緹档
ãСһͷӦ
˵ĹҶѾ뼦ʢˣվǰСһһݷŵ˴ʯͷ棬СһʯͷӣרС룬һһ׵ʢųԡ
ҶҲѾݵŴŴˣεϼ㣬ҶԵĸͣ
һ룬ʢһ룬ߵŮߣˣѣԵ㶫˯
Ů˱ҶѣҶ촽ѣһֻ뵹ˮιŮ˼ڡ
ŮųҶ䳶һЦ˼˵лл˾ңǣձ㱣סˡ
ˣǽְɣҽҶ䡣Ҷֲϰ߱˽˵ġ
ôУңպˡŮ˶϶˵ȴǱǿ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ֣Ҳˣʵʲô֣ôԼģ
ҽȣ֮ǰΪ˱ˣǿأҶҪ˾ңûˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ˣȳЩɡ
˵ţҶʢļΣιߡ
ᶼˣû뵽ԼȻҶĺˣллˡ
˵ţֿĶЩֵ̿ˣøҳôõʳһڳԵĶͳɡ
ǰԱһߵʱÿղܳһٱһٷǴõĶ
ҶȴüôУ󱳵˻ûãҪʱ򣬿԰ɡ
Ҷ˵ţѾӵ˹ȥ
ȸмĿ˿Ҷ䣬ſڳ£Ķûζȥ
ҶæЩԣϻˣǺˡ
ãáһ˺üڣȲԳ˼ζҲԵ˼鼦⡣
ЩŵĿҶ䣬Ͼӻ֮ǰȵļҾûԹμ⣬οӻ֮ˣѾζˡ
һ߸мҶ䣬һ־Լô⣬Լ˵ЩҶһһڳ
Ҷιһ룬ſŲãҶ䲢ûжι˿㻻һҩѩˣ߲ˣ°㼸ա
˿̵Ҷ仹ûһߣϾ֪֪治֪ģǵٹ۲켸
ԳҶ伷һĨЦǰ˼ܾԼһѾ˼ƣԼµˣ벻˼ҵۣӦǲһߵģشֻʣԼһˣָȥĶأ
ȻЦЦĸҪúûţѣҲ֪ԼܳŶá
С߼ҶæˣҶȹҶ㣬úÿȥ~
Ҷ滹ŴѩСһѩأ䣿
²£һСһĲҶ
ҶȻסˣʧЦҡҡͷУ˵ˣֻһȻ˿ǻܵġ
ŷСһ˵žҪקҶȥ
ҶļСһһѱȻñӺ״á
ҶСһץ˽OǰOεЦҡҡͷţֻһ͸Ͻ
ã֪ġСһﱧŽĴ
OѰѴöİɫñӸСӴͷϣְ׸Сһãһ߸СһҶ䣺һʹѩ̫ˡ
İɡҶЦЦص
ҶҲѽO״ˣСǱȥ
ȿҶ˵ĻЦ⣬ԭ˺ŮһˣǸСǵãֻԾûһ˯ȥˡ
ҶСӳţСһ˻һһܵ棬İСȾѩСһ˷ܵСڽ׵ѩϲȥȵõСӡ
Ǿú棬Сһһ֣һ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ㣬㿴ңٺ٣档
Сĵ㣬ˤˡҶҲûţһ߶Сһһߴӿռһɨ´ѩŶˣɴȰſڵѩɨߡ
Сһ˷ܣһע⣬ֱͷɵѩϡ
ڵϵСҲޣֵĿġ
ҶɨѩͼСɵѩϣæɨ㣬һѰСһѩϱĴ·ϵѩСĵ㣬ˤûУ
СһЦҡҡͷۣģ档
ҲɵȥȻһöˣԼһ㣬Ұſڵѩ΢һ¡Ҷ
Сһæͷֳ嵽ѩ档
Ҷ̾˿ЦҡҡͷҲǵģҪСӽʲôСһһתˡ
ȻСֱһѩĵ
ҶҲϽſĻѩɨɨſһѩҶɨ߬һѩһСһ㿴ҡ
СһѩһƥأҶСӺתҶ䣬һʵ:Ҷ㣬ѽ
ҶЦЦֱСһ϶һѩӣΪҶĩյʱǹ׼һĿ츳һ£ֱӴСһؿġ
ѩɢСһؿ˰װ׵һţСһ۾ˣǲҶϮ漴ץһѩѧҶոյӣҶ˹ȥҶ㣬ҵģ
ҶɵľͶ˹ȥץһѣСһȥСһؿֱѩӴУһûվȣֱѩ
СһҲڵּ˼ѩ򣬳Ҷ˹ȥ
Ҷû㣬СһѩӴ˺ü£СһĿֱ֡
OЦ̲סĺ棬ߵűߣͼһһСѩ档
OЦˣ˳ȥ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ䣬㼸ˣô֣
ͬ꣬ôˣҶˣЦЦѩȴһûŽO˹ȥѩֱӵ˽Oѩһ˳·ȥ
OҲû뵽Ҷѩæһѩ򣬡ҵš


63 
˵ŽOһ׷Ҷ, һѩҶ䡣
ҶһɵĶһʱʱץһѩػչ˵С, ʱʱСһҲѩСһﱻҶѩ, һƨ˵Ͽѩ
, O˵, ѩֻûҶ䣬Ҷӹѩʹ˽OؿںͲ, һֱӴܵ˽Oϡ
ƫƫҶ仹˾, Լ˽O, һѱС, Ⱦܣˣȥˣ
ٺ, Ү𣡡СһСֵ, ͰҶѩˡ
OںһҶѩһƫˣһҶĺϡ
Ҷ仹ŤͷЦЦ, СӿĵĻˡ
Oϵѩɡ
˵, ȴ΢΢˵ھǵʱҲܿѩ죬ֻԼ鸮ǧ, ױҪעǣ֮ǰû
ѩĻҲǺ;иСһƷ迴ѩ, ȴûܵѩ޼ɵĴ棬Ǳ˿϶ԼЩ
OʧЦҡҡͷȻǺңҲãҲûʲôõġ
˼Ƭ̣OһСѩ߬ԼĻ߽˳ֹţҶѾСһĸɾϵѩü䡣
ߵߣҶһۣſʼϸ˵״ԹԵôŪһѩ
ٺ٣~СһŽO
OֿҶ䣬˵˴һͻôԼҲˡ
ǲΪ˵ˣ治ҲˣҶСš
Сһͬĵ˵ͷѽҲˡ
OСһ²۵СӣҶˣҡ
ٺ٣˭Ҿ˭Сһֱ׳˵
ҶԱһ˳˳ָСһ˸ĴָOһۣҶһûУְֱСѩҶĲ
˻ô͵ϮģҶ䱻Ĵ˸飬æѲϵѩһ߶һίĿ򽪽O
OòЦЦ˵Ļȴǲôòã֡
У㲻Ҳͦ𣿡ҶСš
˵ʲôأO߿Ҷ䣬üʵ
ҶЦûʲôٺ٣Ҵ·ȥˡ
˵ţҶСһ˻ѱ߿·Сһѩ˷ܵĲУҶ߱ıġ
Oջߣ˵ԼúЦھȻҶ˵ˣʱҶ䣬ֻȫͬҶһ
Oϸ룬Ҷϵ̫࣬Լ֪̫Խ磬Ҷöһ㶼װҶ䲻ƣԼҲȥ
Oٶ룬ߵҶԱߣһΧŻѿ
ΪϳԵĺܱټǽûи·ҲҶ׼ֱ緹̫ɽʱ׼ͺá
룬򽪽O涼û˯ȥ˯ɣҿء
OҲȷʵеˣҲƴǣѩˣȥˣ֪֪
Ҷ˵ͷİɡ
СһҲһĵ˵ͷҶ
OεĿ˿һһС˯ˡ
СһʵҶߴһԼҽ˯ˣҶĸ첲ʼҶ㣬ˣҳȥ
Ҷ乴ЦЦҡҡͷܾУղſ˵ˣȥ档
ȥҶˣˣҺͽ㶼ϲˣ
Сһƨʱ򣬻ԼҽˣҶֱӱЦˡ
ҶЦˣСһȴҶ㣬ܳȥ𣿡
УȻöˣҿѩȷʵ´ˡҶܾ
СίĿҶ䣬һСǿһ
Ҷ䶼Сһģˣýȥǲѩˡ
Ҷ󽪽СţȥҲѩ
Сһ۾ԹԵҶ䡣
ҶǴһһľţֱľʢһľѩϽš
ѩ˵ѲԶĵطСһ͵ȲˣСŹһѩĵĲС
Ҷ!Сһ˵ţץѩ
ҶֻһȻСָܲˣ֪֪
Сһͷ֪ˡ
ԼĿĵĲУһѩСһְѩץȥ
һֱˣŻص˻ѱ߿
Oʱ򣬾ͼһһСΧŻѿ𣬱ˡ
߿ˣ䵽ҶϣҲȥ˯ɣ⼸߲ˣಹѾá
˵ţֿСӣҪҪҲ˯
СһԹԵͷ˴գҲȷʵˡ
ҶС˯˱ûһ˾˯ˣOǿŻѣ˻ѣﻹǱů˲١
;һΣOˣ˹ȥҪЩˮ𣿡
鷳ˡȷʵǿڿˣ־˵ιԼˮ̫ðˣּһ䣬ҵһˮԼȾͺá
OƺԼùֱŤģ㿪ڵ㻹ǽְɣҽнO
ôУ˵ӣôܽ֡ȻǾòס
νҺҶ䲻ЩȺˮɣ𶯣Сı˿ڡ˵ţOô׸ιˮ
Ҳˣ˴ˮͣ£OϲƺĿڵллСңлл
ʲô£ϢɡOûб£ֻص˻š
һֱ̫ɽˣҶ˯ѣ˸棬ɫѾˣæҾȻ˯
޷ֲ·˯һҲûʲôOҶ䣬˵
ҲǣϳʲôҶ˵һŲ˻ѱ߿һ鿴ſռĳԵġ
ǰǳԵ̫᲻óԣǳԵ̫֪࣬ôĶ֡
Ҷ䶼ԼЦԼڿռתһȦ¼Ҷһʱ᲻ɱͷţҲһҶľƥõƥʣ34ƥЩŵռҲҪЩƶӲݳ伢Ҷŷ⼸ղߣǻɱһƥ浽ռԡ
ʱ̫Ҷٶ֣׼Ե΢嵭һ㣬һ˿Ȼһײ˼Ƭ
ţҶȥʳˣOҲùʳõǰOʵ׼ʲô
سһ˿Ȼײ˼ƬҶ俪ڽ͵
O˵ͷУǷͷ
áҶҲ˵ͷ
ǽOǱ˿Ҷչײ˼ƬΪļɢģҶûдֻ̫࣬Ū飬Ƭ룬ζϵζٷײһܾһӪ
OҲǾϡ棬ڱճԲϷʱǻǳˣǺ澾ƬģܹӣΪҶڡ
ţO߿Ҷ䣬΢΢𣬲ԾǳǳЦ¡


64 
Ҷ￴չ, ʱʱӽչƬЩƬճһ
ţͻȻԺյϵͳĻе, ϲףŮOøж+30, ǰŮøж0, ǰʣһֵ92
Ҷ䶼, ЩɵĿ򽪽OôOĺøжһԤ׶ûУôͻȻ30øжȣ
OȻҶڶ̧Ҷ, ôˣʲôԵ𣿡
ҶЦЦ, ûû, 㳴˿ͦġ
OҶĪ, Ҳû˵ʲôţһԵ㡣
СһҲ˹, ǰԼҽ, ĲˣְҶ䣬Ҷֱ, Ҷ㣬ҿʲô
ҶЦűС, СһĿչĳʳ
Сһ۾Ƭϲ
Сӵڻûô, ϲЩ档
Ҷ䱧ЦϲͶԣԲܳߡ
ŷСһ￪ĵ˵
Сһ, ҶͰСһȥˣƬ죬Ѿĸ뽫Ƭʢ˳ȵ뱻Ҷŵһţһ̫ˣιȳԡ
ҶǶȺƬʱʱټм˿
ķѩѾͣˣȴкĻѩҶܸоˣڵ棬Ҷ䵹ǳԵޱ㣬СһҲһһ룬Ҷʢ˰롣
ҶԼҲֳһ룬ȵ಻ôҲܳˣߵߣȣȣѣԵ㶫˯
˵ţҶ̽̽ȵĶͷȲŷһЩ
ȱѣһŵʳԾ˼¿ˮſҶ䣬ˣ
ȳԶɣոоôˣҶʵ
öˣ˿ںûôˡʵģһֱڷգɽԼľԺ˲٣Ҳûôˡ
ǾͺãҰ㻻ҩʱ㿴˿ڡҶ˵ţι˹ȥ
Ⱦò˼ɶʵڶܣĳ˶һƬ¶ǣ˶ˡ
ллˣ鷳ˡȿҶ䣬Цŵл
֮ͣϢɡҶû£߿ˡ
ߵĽOѾʼʰˣҶҪһ𣬱Oƿˣɣȥ
СҶСһ˼أ˳ʳ
һʱԾҶͽOҹϾڻҰ⣬ûôȫ
ڶһ磬Ҷһѷذ׾ˣûſɱԶ˽ʮףһƬյ׼ɱ
ѩû·˺ܸɾҶ佫˨֮󣬿ʼɱѪѪŵĲˣǽƤǵǰƤ̣Ҷͻ˲ٵʱ䡣
һOˣҶûСһϴ֮ͳҶˡ
СһԶԶľͿҶ䣬ָָҶأ
ˡOСЦЦСһǰߣ߽ˣOҲһҶȻƥɱˡ
æʵôƥɱˣ֮ǻҪõ𣿡
Ҷ彪Oգգ۾õƥǱһʱߣҾʹɱһƥⱣԡ
OܱסְſסˣҶǿԵģϾ֮ǰҶҲ·óʵ⡣
ǣаɣҰһ𡣡˵ţOֿСһ棬ǻ
棬ҪѩСһ˻ҶΧ
O˵ͷаɣעⰲȫˤˡ
ŷСһӦ
OǰԼõذ˳⻹ҶģûùƤ
˽OæĽȻǿ˲٣ҶͽOҲǱѼϼܵģ֮ǰûɹЩ
Ϥ̵˼ӦİƤҶͽOУ˸£һƤͱˣǻһʱʱ佫еƤȫˡ
OǰһͷüҶ䣬ôŪ
ҶʵҲ֪ôŪɱ÷ֽƥͷֽһֻӦҲ󣬱㿪ڵȰȡɣܳԵ£ܳԵĶ
OҶ治ɫ˵ЩΪҶˣɣԱ߰㡣
ðҶ˵ţ㶯ֻƥȼܶ࣬ҲѴĶ࣬ҶȰѲҪඪֱӽյ˿ռñŽOˡ
OҲֻûҶ⡣
ϵ⴦ˣҶְѸ˳ͷС飬Եʱ򷽱ȡ
һæҶֱæδʱ()ҶĶӹ๾ĽиͣСһҲһվһ߶ʱʱĽм
Ҷվһ£ֿ˿ϵ⣬ڵOһȥɣǵЩҾȥȣʰͻȥ
˵ţֿСӣ˰ɣ
Сһ˵ͷԼĶƤˡ
Ȼȥһͺá
ŷСӿĵĸԼҽ
ҶǰҪĹͷȫŵ˿ռﱣ棬ѩֻʣѾסѪƤëԼҪࡣ
Ҷֱһ£ܵһɾĵطһѵѩϴ֣һϴ˺ü飬ûζ
ذҲѩϴɾҶŻ
OѾˣ̧Ҷ䣬ʵǳʲô
Ҷ룬ڵɣӱ
˵ţҶ͸ɾʮİ˹ִӿռһ֮ǰݵʱЩ˼ҵļ˳ߵģֻԲûҶҪƽ׹Ҳܽá
СһԭرıģһȥOһȥҶʲô
Ҷ佫ͺãһͽŷֳɰƴСԲȣͣŵ壬һһһͺˡ
OǱߵҲˣ̵ֱ𣿡
ҶЦЦóһµĲ˰忪ڵҰһ£дУҲһ£еԽԽá
OҶҪʲôгһѷźãֽгһѷźãЩʱҶǱߵҲϿˣһ˾Ÿ
Ҷ佫мõпʹлеȥȻһ֭óԡ
˵ҶжO˸ѵһɵݸСӣС̣ԡ
ŷСһֳԷ棬һҧȥ֭ʹжεһӿУСһ￪ĵı
óԣóԡһ˵Сһһҧڡ
ҶŪһߵߣɵݸȡ
ʵͶˣʱֻʣԼʱЩˣҶѾ뿪ˣޱڣ԰ġ
ǱСһʱʱĿһ⣬Ҷʲôʱ
ڹ磬λСǸСӻصǻ⣬㿪ʼȷ˲٣ֹһҲˣų׷Լûٴα


65 
Ҷ˶, ȸжۿˣллˡ
ҶЦЦ˵æɱ, ˸㻻ҩһȳ, Ұҩˡ
ллˡȺĵͷ, ЦĳҶɡ
ֻ˼, Ⱦ۾ûԵôóԵĶǰԱҵ˵ʱ, ҲԲôõ, ¸ж, ̶ڴڵĳ
Ҷҭ, ȵ߷һˮЩŻȥԼҲŪһڴڵĳ
Ϊ̫, ҶһžԼ౥, OҲСһǳһ
ҶָŪһ͹ȥҲȫˡ
ȳ˷, Oʰ룬Ҷ, Ȱҩˡ
ãллˡæ
Ҷ佫ޱƿһһĲ˱, ֻʱ򣬵˿ڵıٴκƤճһ
Ҷֱҽĵ˳, մŵʪ֮Ҷǩһһ˿ںɴʪɴǱҶ
˿ڻЩ죬ûٴŧҶõƽ˿ζְˮ˳
Ҷ俪ڵ˿ڻЩۣŵ㡣
ҲµˣɡҧҶĶ
Ҷǩմˮʼ˿ȵ嶼ŶӲһûԡ
Ҷ˿ڣְ˿Χĵطһ飬ָȰɴ
˿ڻָĲ⼸ҶӦòдˡҶ俪ڵ
ãллˡȺǸмĵлû
ҶҩȥˣСһĿҶҩ䣬ʵҶ㣬涼ʲôѽ
β˵ҩԹԵģ
ŷСһ˵ͷԼСԴ
ҶŴҲע⣬ҩŻص˿ռ
OߴСһȥϢһˣԹȥ˯Ҷ䣬æһ糿ˣȥ˯š
Ҷ˵ͷıСһȥ˯ˣСӾٸߣ棬ඣȥ˯
ҮСһС˷ܵĻӦҶ䡣
Oˣǳ˳飬ʱҶֻ룬ٶˣһɡ
Oһȴֹסš
Ҷ䱧Сһһ˾ͺ˯ˡ
Oǳʱһصѱ߸һнŲŻ̸
ǱиˣϽȥϢϢ
ãҵסĵطˡ
Ų߽O׼ȥҶ䣬ҶѾһˡ
ӱѾһѳվļ˾ƿš
Ҷ߿˹ȥӦһˣһˣӱȽϣһһŮӦ⼸˵ĸĸǸǸǬԪǸŮǸﻹһСкԼ͡
˿Ѫȴֻǹ·µģҲû뵽ˡ
Ҷһѳ곤˸æǰЦλҲ·캮ضģ޼㿴ܲи㡣
Ҷü΢΢𣬿ҲǲˣҲģҲûű˲ý
ţҶ΢΢ףѵסԣϾҲǽֻһ㣬û²ҪǣҲ
Ҷüŵĵȥˡ
˼Ҷ䲻һòŮ󣬻һСӣ²Ҷ䲻򵥣ӻ;лڵģ˭Ҳɵӡ
æЦǣĻǶˣ϶ҹţлл塣
˵ţ˻һԼߵˣߴٵлл˼ҡ
ļлֻǬԪһֱü㲻ԼĵΪʲôҪһŮǬԪôͷģֱԽۡ
˼ԼҶôῴɫæԴһѣԽԽûˣл
ôڶ˭ͷģǬԪﲻš
㣬СӣǷ򡣡˵ţ˳ԼƨϾһţתЦŸҶҾԲסԲס껹СĪ֡
ֲЦˣҶҲö˵ʲôֻ΢΢ס
ֳҶҾߴٵȥë¿˨ãǵľ
֪ˡǬԪæ
һĸȥߣϵİŵ˵ϣֽסŮĺӣ磬ȥѻϣܵˡ
֪Ů˵ţ㿪ʼ
ǺǸһľ˽ŵʱЦĳҶ˵ͷ
ҶޱĿż˽OҶ佻һߣҶյ˽Oߵ֮Ĳޣǵ񡣡
ţ֪OҲ˵ͷ
˰죬ҲҶѱ̺ãſʼϢ
ˣôڶ˭ͷģŪԼ͸һ
㣬ӣҿǷʰˣҪ˵ǳأոŮǬԪһ𣿡˵
רҶǱ߿һۣҶﻹǸͨͨŮǬԪûʲôرġ
ǸŮǬԪѣûġֱ
˶ˣҪ֮ǰϷϴ̾ĶˣΪһ·ƽƽĹһȥıõ·
ҲԱȥСǰڼʱ򣬾ϲǴԼϴľӶˡ
㣬Ƿ֡ץԼЬ׾ͳŶ˹ȥԼϵ˸ţ㱻ĳЬѬˡ
ԼһֻЬž˳˲٣յߵŮǬԪ㿴õ죬ٿŮǬԪߵŮ˺С
զˣǲҲúС𣿡Ծɲ⡣
˼ԼĶӸɴֱӵŮôƯԼû㱾£ΪܻסŮ𣿸οǻһСӣѽҵ׼ûȥ
˵ֿ˿ˣȥŮǣû
ͷ˼˵ͷˣԷġ
֮ǰǸڰģ˻һֵģֱǧҶ䡣
ˣɣ˿һˡ˷Ը
һ߰׷һ߲ĵ͵͵˿ҶǣС˵ǳЩ᲻ᱻŮ˵ϣ
ŵøϽ˿ҶǱߣҶûпԼߣԷģ˸ƣ̶ֵſڲԶӦþɱģ˼ҸͿԵģϽɣٷϻ
˿ԼĶӣ̾ҪԼûˣһС¶
Сĵһڵͳˡ
ʢһ룬ȥǹһȥռ˼ҵĵ̡
뷴ֱһ۵˻ȥ
ʢˣСĶߵҶǱߣЦҲɽҰ˼ңûʲôö߶ǣ㵱ˣ¡
Ҷܾ޷˵Ҳҵģ˭סԣֻһ㣬ǣҾͲҪˣϲǻԼǱȥɡ
ǺãǺãͻˣͻˣȻǹúϢɡܾˣҲһĺҶЦЦ뿪
Ҷ߿ˣҲǸˣ˵˻˵ؼʱܻȥƤֲܻڡ
Ҷ϶ǲҪģڲȱʳȱҶҲ£һ汻˶أ⣬֮Ĳޡ
˻ȥ֮󣬱Լͣ
ãƨĵƨˡ
Ķһţˣʲôɣʵʵ࣬㶮ʲô˼ҲҪ鲻Ҫǲܲ


66 
һ, ҶǵӰҲֻҶҲˣɴ˽O, ýOСһϢԼڻԿŻ, ʱʱľ
̫ɽʱ, ˶, ǼǬԪߡ
ߣ˯ǵö, ҵһ
, нӡ, ˡ
˱, ǬԪʲô
˵ܴ󣬲һ, Ϊ˾ƿ, ˾Ϳһһҵˡ
Ϊ׵ֱߵʯǰƬյϣϺصİӵ˵ϣ, Ǿɡ
ϴ磬ǵһ, ҳȥЩ֦Űֺ˵
ţȥȥߴٵ˵, ֿһݸߵˣ϶, ʰʰѻѵϣǱǿ˲١
ã𡣡ݸһʰ˵İһ߰ѻʯ˳
ҶȻҲˣü΢΢𣬲Ҷ䵹Ҳģ˴Լ϶ǲŹǵġ
һߣҲںСֹţ˲ŲǣǬԪɷġ
꣬С㣬Ǳ߿¡˸æСѵ
֪ñҶԣǬԪǣȻûȤ
ûһ϶ͱ˲ٵ֦ˣм˽ʼ
Űֺ϶ʼ͵͵ˣǿҶǱߣͼҶ˯ˣһǸСӣһ໹ſһŮǬԪ
ֺջߣ̶ֿǱߣǱǬԪһһСǻһСк
ֺȻ˵ս˴µ磬˶Ϊ壬ǵС
ţˣٵȵȰɣȿ˵
áֺæӦ
ݸߵӰó˼ӵ׼ųԡ
ҶǱߣOСһҲˣOʯֶˣʵˣ
Ҷ˵ͷţǣһȥ
˵ţҶˮ˳Щˮϴ˼飬׼һԣڷʳĻ֮ǰʣµݵһԾͺˡ
ôţҶѾѸֵζϷ˽ȥҾȥȡ
һζﴫˣСһ￪ĵĲУСվҶ߼ʵҶ㣬ó𣿡
ҶЦЦڵóԣһ֪ˡ
Сһһò˰˲ٵĴл׼һʱԽ塣
һߣֺϴŮǬԪǱ߾Ȼ⣿ӦǷ򡣡
ǱǸͷһҲ򵥣Ҹղſˣ࣬ӦҲȱʳݸв
ϴ˵ͷֵãһֻȶı߶أ
磬㿴ŮǬԪŮˣÿÿ϶ûôƯ󡣡ֺѹ
ݸ˸͵԰磬ү׸ǵײ
˼Ƭ̣üŮǬԪеҲǸݽɫ
磬ֻһˣˣҵſŵǸŮǬԪҹ۲ˣϺˣﲻŮǬԪæֺ
类ֺ˵Щ⶯ЦѽǼɫÿŮ߲·аɣȹȥ̽һֵܼ¡
ϴ硣ֺæ
վҶǱȥ
ڴͬʱҲںԼֹ㿴ŮǬԪǱȥˣòҪ˰ɣ
üͿΪʲôôŮǬԪǸദˣûж⣬ʯǱߵ˿žͲǺˣݺҪŮǬԪˣһֵˡ
ô찡ҪҪھߣҲЩˣֻˣǴ򲻹󺺵ġ
ȵȵȿҲ߬ȭͷҶ䲻һˣϴô꣬ڿۡ˵ߣ͵ڰ˵עԼǲ
ҶǱڻԿŹСһ˹ˣקקҶ䣬Ҷ㣬лˡ
ҶOʹ˸ɫʾСӡ
ԹԴţأ¡
Ҷ˵ţᵶվֱָˣǰˣһҲˡ
ǴҶֱҶյֺȣ²ҶˢӣûóȻǰЦʵᣬֻζŹ
ҶĿ溦èȰ㻹Ǳ̫࣬ԼôĶ֪
˱ҶӣϵЦҲֵܻأЩ²̨ӲˣԵֲҵģ߶ʲô£
Ҷ䴽ǹһĨЦԡ
һĨЦŪǴֺŮ˿ⲻƣмֱϣ漴һתصʯ档
ֺæʵ磿ôˣ
Ů˿Ų򵥣յֺȣ֪ǬԪҲԾɲη壬ұûҶ֡ϴ͵
ֺҲЩĻͷ˿Ҷ䣬Ǵ絨ӲСǰǼ˻ɱ˼ϵЩԵҲģûǴ¹˭
ô찡磿ҪǶһ֣ݸʵ
˵ͷǱߵһһӣ˶࣬һۿȥȫǲõģոҶﶪӣһǳɣǺŮǬԪҲʶǾͶֺˡ
˵ţǴվʹ˸ɫֺݸҲһȥˡ
öϴаЦĿ⣬ŵ亹ˣǹˣô찡
ȥãȥæߴٵ
æĲ˵˳ܶǰ˵ܶϺһڻң峤࣬ӦΪ˱鷳Ĩġ
ҲˣҾЦʵλүڷԶףǺƣơ
ϲģƣðʳȻˣ¶ˣǱǸĨ˻ҵŮɣһǣǴȻ㶼ˡϴЦ˵
ǣʶͿѶֵҲǲˡǰֺ͵
λүС϶Ҳ룬ʵҲûʣ¶ʳˣһЩλλ̧֣һɡһҾȴǱֱֺ߷˵ϡ
ֵҪأһʳǣŮҲǹĨİɣ˵׼ͦƯأ˵ǰɣˣֺһЦһȥˡ
Ų˵ܶǰٹҶˡ
ҲƵû취ˣץŲ˵ǰǰֺһʱҲǰ
ֺɴȥüһˣӰѳ̲һĵ硢š
˵ţֺԼһѵֽӸ˴ݸˡ
ǴóָָˣЦͦйôˣܲŮ裿Ҿƫƫۿţ϶ŮĸҰǸ͵ͷԼŮʲô³
ϴ硣ֺݸһǱȥˣŲ˵ֶڶ
ǱٹӿǣЩ˵ĻӲõĶ춶Ӱˡ
ֺһ֪ǸпõģֻõôһģĲ˵Ӧˡ
Ҳû뵽ͻȻ֣˶ɵˡ
ҲһֻýҪˣֻɲԸŮ裬뵽ɵ
ոҶ鷳ʱˣǻȻţˣֻһۣҪǲƴҲҪǼ˲סܡ
סˣֻȥѹһȥˣü΢ҲǰĪΪƴΪİȥôա
Ҷڻѱüһ˵ĻԽԽˣҶ棬˻Ҫ˼ҵ˼ҵŮʵװơ
ƶϣ˽һڣһĿˡ
ţҶֱᵶǱȥȼҶǱȥˣһҲȥԼϵ˿ˣ˫۳ŵҪ
Oее㵣Ҷ䣬Ҫæʲô
ңȥˡ˵ţӲǳ
OæСסӣȥҲֻҵģúſϢҶȻҶ׾ˡ
һЩˣҲǣԼ⸱ӣվѾ˵ǰæˣȻûſ£Щ˹ˣƴҲûס˵Ӻá
ҶѾŵ˹ȥ˵ֱӰҪ˵İֺһſڵأ󳤵һӣеϴ˹ȥ
ϴƺҲûҶһ仰˵ͶֿˣæеĳסҶһ
˿ҶݸҲˣĿҶĺ󱳾Ϳȥ
ҶԼˣܵ˺˵ĶҶܿ棬󳤵תֱһĨеĵĲϣһȵѪӿݸѾ˵ϡ
ոձҶſµİֺҪᵶȥͼԼѾˡ
ҶȻ̬һûжɱ˵ĻңֺʱЩˣŮɱ˵ʱ۾գһ£ֺʱ㲻ٹȥˡ
˻ص˴ߣСֹ磬οӲˣǳɡ
ϴһֵܣϾôˣõָҶ䣬ˣһ仰˵ɱֵܣʲôҺֵҲûǶ֣Ҫ£
̫ˣŵáҶģǿոյ֣û˸С
ֱǸӣ
𣿱ЩӦǴ˰ɣ˵ţҶ乴˹ҲٺǶѿֱ࣬ᵶȥ
ӵ񵲣ֺҶʱһݺݳҶļ˹ȥһҪǲ㿪Ҷļǵñɡ
ҶȻƼˣһеϴ󣬶󳤵һ˳»Ҷĵһ˼ĻȻתֱһֻǰֺһɿյ֡
Ҷ˳ƽӹǰֺĵ˳һֺˮһ湦ġ
ϴֶˣѾҺҶϣתܣҶ׷ȥʲôողǻţ𣿡
˵ҶѾһ˿˹ȥ˸żתסҶ俳һҶֻһѵҶֵĳϴĵ棬һתֱӿ˼羱λá
۵İһ̱ڵϣ˿ֻʣһͷ
۲ʶ̩ɽ˹徻ҲˣҲˣ
ҶѾʧȥ˷ֵĳһӣ⳹װ
ҶմѪĳصʱһŵöɸ֮ǰйҶŵù˵ϡ
Ҷų˼ȥֱӳҶͷĪ֣ǵĴǵĴҪʲôһСɣͿǰɡ
ҶϵѪĵѾųᣬҲƲˣϾһ߿ͷһ˵ĵĻԼڹ죬ȴһ
Ҷüڵ˵ʲôأûǶ֣ȥʬӵԶһĵطðҰ
Ҷ˵űתȥˣҲǰ˵æҲȥʬ壬Ǵ˾ͺá
Ҷȥʱ򣬱ü𣬡ôˣգϵ˿ڿ϶ûãϽϢɡ
Ҷüü΢һѵ˵СһβͣһͰ͵ӡ
Oæ͵ǵ£Ҫȥ㣬ˡ
ҶɫԻͣģû£ҼȻ֣ǾͿ϶аգллңעԼ壬°ɡ
Ҷ˵Ļڹȵ͵͵˿ҶɫȷҶûСԺעģҶ˵ġ
Ҷ΢΢ףſ¡
ˣӦúˡOѻСҶ䣬ԼæȥˣѾˣζǺš
Ǳ߻һ֮󣬲ŻعԼ˼վ壬ֻȻЩ
˻ɵڵϵĶӣûӦֱһ˹ȥʲôأ˵Ļһ̧ȥˣ
Ż񣬲˲ϵᣬؿڵû𣿡
ϻֲɱ޹ˣϽǵϢ˵ţĵһš
Լ׵ţúһˣͷãҲһδӣοû˶磬Щ˶ˣûˡ
˲һţϽģϻ
ϣԺҲ˵ˣ㿴˿׼һߴӵһ߸˱˸Ĵָ
ͿεŮǬԪʲô£˼Ҷ۾գһ£ˡ
ߣ⻹˵Զˣѧŵɡһɸֵı飬ߴһѰֺʬ˳ȥϽģϻ
ǰѰֺʬԶһĵطŸҴڵĴ˵ŮǬԪҲǶְɣ
ҡҡͷᣬ˼ұԲóֵģȴְǣǵüţһϼţܸ֮ŮǬԪǺһߣܰȫ٣ֻǲ֪˼ƲƵǡ
ǿ϶Ʋϣ˼ôţȻֱһš
㣬ٷϻɣúһϣһʲôģǸ͹ȥ˴ߴٵ
֪ˡѣѵӣҵˣ㡣
˵ŰӷŵֻŵʱЩᣬǿӣܶණģ
Ŀ⡣˼һ


67 
˺ֻȥʬ˳, վɸʬһҵ15ٶöͭǮ
, ЩϾȻôӣǰ׻Ӷˡ
϶ģ˵, ϽЩ͹ȥ˵, æǮȥҶˡ
ҶѾһ, ˴лԲ˾壬ܷһЩ;͸ˡ
Ҷ, Ǳ, ѾڵĳҶ˹, ҶҾ, ҶˣѾȥԶˣǴЩѵĶ, ˡ
Ҷ俴˿˺, һЩӣץͭǮ
Ҷû뵽ͷͦϵģͷø, ЩͭǮԼðɡ
ϣлл, ллˡϲЦտİӸҶ˹ȥ
ҶֱӽúãŴ򷢵ˣǸøɡ
, ǾͻȥˣŶ÷ˡ˵, ֳҶһصԼǱߡ
ٶͭǮĵĲУ˻ͦģôࡣ
˰һϢȥ̳Ѽù
ϡΪŵתˣǳѼˣæϲЦտȥˡ
õ֮ҪƸѼֹǸġ
ùҪ𣿡ʵ
ԸƨǸ˵ģ˼ҾǼллܳɵģ˵ϵʱߵʱ򣬾ǲǣǸǺ棬ӦҲͬǼƽϣѧŵɡ
˵ţ˱̳ҶǱȥҶѾϵڶˣֹˣʵϲ£
ˣҲҰ˼ңûʲôö̳ԼѼɺóˣðͣǧ¡˵žͰ̳ӷŵҶǰĿյϡ
Ҷü΢ʵգϾ˱˵ĶǣҶ鷳˵ĲȱԵġ
ǲ鷳ˣⶫأԼų԰ɡ
ĪҪƴǣһ˵Ҫл񶼲գС϶˯˯ȡЦһСӡ
Ҷͦģô˵ˣҲپܾͷǱлˡ
ҶˣϲЦտĳҶҾ˵˰ļ黰ŻԼǱߡ
Ҷ߿̳ѼԺϵͳ˳Ҳһ̳Ѽû⣿
ףѾɨˣû⣬ͨѼֱʳáϵͳĻе
ҶŷģСһȷʵע⵽Ǹ̳ӣаûͼŴյҶߡ
Ҷ㣬ʲôѽСһ۾ĿҶʵ
ѼһųԺòãҶһ¾֪Сèֲˡ
ҮСһ۶װѼ̳Ӳš
ҶƿӣѼóһƤ֮󣬽ŵһɾݸСӡ
СӽѼмӽп㿴ĵƻ͡
СһﳢһڣѼ̫̣رĺóԣСһһѼһĳˡ
Ҷֵݸ˽OһţԼҲһţҶһɾ룬Ҳ˹ȥ
û뵽ķݣ۾ĿҶ䡣
ҶЦЦ԰ɣԵҲá
ллˡȵл֮Լӳ
˻ȥ֮ǼҲʼ
˿Ůڵ磬ȥϴˣң˵ˣЩǬԪҲ˵ûˡ
㻹ϴʲôʵ
ҲûϲˣܱˣҲǺ컯ҲܸմЩ⡣˵
úͶҲʶϲ𣿡
ͶģŮǬԪͺټټ˼֣ӻ·ϵ¶ϸ˼ң㻹࿴ˣ¾˼ҿá
ܶ򴽣ոҲŮǬԪˣ˳ȷʵÿü㣬޳Ҳܺãȷʵţܶϴȥˡ
ǣŮǬԪѾˣ
㻹ô࣬Ŷ˾Ͳˣ㻹Ҫ֣̾˿˵
Ҷ߻֪˰ԼͷˣѾҶͽOһʰ룬СһΧıġ
Ա˷Сһ
ʰԼߣҶȥʯ棬ո˾ǴģǵĻѾҪϨˡ
ҶҪ뿴˵İﶼʲôõĶ϶Ҫߵġ
ҶѼ˵İ򿪣Ѳ
ҶȰȫӵһߣһҵ˶һҵһɣ֮ǼذףʮصĽ
ҶԼҪļ˳Щذ׻·û
˼ҶʯѼæܶǱ˹ȥ
Ҷͷˣʵ£
˳ҶЦЦҾˣСŮ֮ǰΪԵòһЩҲúڻĨŮʵͦġ
ҶﻹץһأûͷҪôͻȻ˵Ůˣ
أͦͦ£ûϵ
Ҷ꣬ԶĽOһҶ䲻ԵĿ򽪽O˽Oߡ
OôҶ伸ۣβƵջߣ֦ŪǰĻ磬һӣָ֦Ѿ߬ˡ
СһĿģı˽OߣԼҽ֦ˣСһҲ֪֦˽㲻ˣСʵ㣬̫ˣҪˡ
O߿Ҷ䣬һߺҶ߶ϣһ߽֦ϣƮƮĵ:û£ϾͶˡ
˵ţOµĽϵ֦ӽ˻˳˻
ҶһֱŽOĶĪĸеЩôܾԼǽO֦һСľ͵ñOˡ
ţҶ䲻һ
˺ܶ绹ڿҶ䣬Ҷ䲻˼ЦˣŮδ䣬ն˾һСԺöɡ
Ҷ˵˼æüؾôУôΪǿԼŮԸ飿
ᣬҲԸġ˵ţֿԼŮʵ磬Լ˵
ܶ͵͵ҶһۣҶ޳ü㣬ȻϵȹҲ㲻̫ɾȻȺܶѵǬԪҪĶ࣬ҶǺÿ
ܶҶЦ£ЩߵĵͷҶͷ
ֵҶɵˣʶԼһôͿԼˣ
Ҷæ־ܾвУѾˣҷ˻Ǳأôܱܽ󡣡
ˣ߾ͳɣֲҪ֡˼
ҶҡͷвУҾڣǼ鶼ҷ㻹ǱˣһҷˣҿɳԲ
Ҷû˵ٻòװѽOĺøжˢ0ˣΪеֱɸÿ
ȻҲû뵽Щ˺ֵҶڣһʱԭأſڣ֪˵ʲôźˡ
ҶæֻǾ֮ͣñ治ٱˣٱҾ͸óˡ
˵ţҶϽ˸ƣʾ˸Ͻߣ
˼ҶܼƺĺܺǱǸƯŮ̾˿ʧԼŮ뿪Ҷ·߲ͨˡ
ҶԶˣ˿ֻǵŤͷϽOЦЦʱҶֻЩ顣


68 
Ҷ彪OЦЦ, Ķߵ˽Oߡ
O㿴ҵģǼж, һɡҶױһİĶøO
O΢΢һ֦, һ֦߰ӽ˻
Ҷ俴ŽOϵ֦, Ǻ󱳷, ֳŽOЦ˼
O̧ϣ˼ҹˣ
û, û, ϲʹ, Ͱ˵, 롣ҶĶ£˴ΪԼ
ǣʲôɶ, 㰮O˵űҲҶ, ԹԵһζ֦
Ҷˣæ˹ȥס˽O, ˣȥ, СҪˡ
O䵽Լϣ촽΢ֵת, Ҷѿ
Ҷ䱾ҲյĲOɫɶ, ָæ͵Ҹոպϲ˵ĻģҶû˼֮һ·ҾԲӹģһԷġ
O⻰Ҷüôֻһ·𣿵Ϸմǲˣ
Ȼǣһ·ӦöˣֲǼɫˣĶһҿ϶ǱˡҶּĵĽ͵
Oһ£ܿ㱻סţ֪ˡ
˵꣬OһԻ֦Сӱˣ˯ˡ
СһͷˮĿԼҽ㣬һء
Ҳ˯OСӵĻСһﱧ˱
СһҲֻһãȻĸԼҽ˯ˣҪ֦޻ûء
ҶҲ£֪ʲô˼Ӧǲ˰ɣ
OҶĽʵͲˣĻǶҶ䡣
Ҳ֪ոյϲŮԼģҶҲ޹ģ뿴Ҷ᲻ԼͣOȻǺ⡣
Ҷ䲻ˣᣬ͵ʱЩæҵģȻеɰ
OŴ䣬漴뵽Ҷ˵һ仰Ǽɫˣһ㵹ģһ·ҶԼģԼ¶ڵʱҶҲδռԼˡ
ԼҶĲŪ˲ٵĺۡ
OæסԼƮɢ˼Լȥ¶Ǽշ飬ŸоԼûôˡ
Ҷ˯ˣԼԹڻŻѣ֮ҶƵĴһ䣺һ㣬˯ˡ
OǲԼˣҶ˿æӦãһ㡣
һߣ˻ȥ֮̾Ҳǣ˿дµˣ˼ƲҲϧˡ
˵ֿܶ磬磬ϽúڻٰĨϣı𱻴Ƽˡ
¡ܶ粻鲻ԸĴӵץһѺڻңĨȥˡ
˵ǻܸŶ𣿡ʵ
ã⼸Ӧò뿪һ·ѩߣǱߺиˡǳ⼸նڶǰ߶߶ҲǺõġ
°¡æͷӦ
ҶҲ˵һסգѩˣҲĺ
һ緹ҶȥǱߡ
Ѿ߰ˣԲˣ˿ĺܺãٹʮձȫøߣҲҪˡҶһ߽ɴˣһ˵
СĹ۲ҶɫҶû˵ҪһߣЩʧ䣬ҶƼˮ;һѾܸмˣҶߡ
ллˣҵܺãΪ˾ҡȸæл
ԼҲȻҲָôá
ȵӺһ棬Ҷ仳֮ԻָĿ죬ܺȪˮҲйϵϾ⼸ȺһԺõĶȪˮ
ҶСĽɴȡ£õ˿ζСĽ߷˿ڵ߲֮Ҷȵ˿ָ°ɴ
ҶصԱߵʱ򣬽Oǵƥô죿
Ҷ˽O˼֮ǰֻˣҶôŪУˣͲƾճ֣ӣҶҲǴ
Ҷ彪Oգգ۾ģһȥ
O˵ͷš
Ҷڻѱ˼һһ
⼸Ҳ۲ˣǸʡĵĿˣҶÿԴһߣǼȻŮǬԪڣŶӵİȫԸһ¥ҶʱˣƥҲӵƥߵĿЩĸ˶ϣҲЩ
ţҶڿռѡһǴŶģĿռ䲻󣬵ˣϳĵطˣӵ滹һӣҲۡ
Ҷ俴һ۶һ۸Ҫ15һֵһ룬Ҷ仹ҧ˶һ
һ̣ԺʹϵͳĻеϲʹ15һֵɹһһǰʣһֵ77
Ҷɨһ壬ֻ5һֵһϡţϺͼϣһЩʣ72һֵ
ҶռЩﰲ˷ʳԼŶŽOڵȴţȥȡ
O˵ͷá
ҶţԶȥ
˼ҶҪˣæԼ˵㣬ҲϽʰ·͸ڶǺ档
ϵʰڵǰͲܸҶǡ
ǰյʱίĺҶҪͬУҶܾˣҲ٣ںҶҲǸİ취Ͼµ·ô˳·Ҳ
СﶼæµΨûʲôſڵϣһֻСһ
ҶȥԶֱӰƥӿռŪ˳ְ¶һľ˳ľƥϣҶǰƥСȥ
ȵſڣҶûмŽȥƿ濴˿ƽƽ棬еȴǸɾ˵ĵط˵Ļѱһֱ̣˯ã֮ǰ¶ůͣҶúǲ
æȥˣOæᶫɣ档
áOҲ֪Ҫװװӣæһ˳ȥſƥŵʱɵˡ
ҶҲӹˣOĿæ»ӣѶŵǸɡ
˵ҶӴ򿪡
OֿҶ伸ۣŽŵʲôû˵ҲʲôûʣҶһˡ
ǼҶ俪ʼˣæҲŶԼ¿װ
ҶʱͶȥĽĿ⣬㿴ǵãܷ֣ܶ϶ů͡
һŴߴٵϻһ˼иʲôϡģϽװ׷϶ˡ
õģõġæͷǡ


69 
ҶͽOػ˼˲ŰѶ, 󽪽OСӳţҶּһû©Ķ
ͶίͰ͵ߣҷ
˵, Ҷ˹ȥȵƻû, ⼸ձſڳ, ƺ˵
ȾôµıҶ, ǲŵĿҶ䣬ˣҲһ𣿡
ҶЦЦ, ô㲻ǣ
ȸæҡͷ, , , ллˡ
ۿ˺죬ǿʼʰʱȾ͵͵ǲ, Ҳ֪˾, չôգѾܸмˣٶʲô, ȴҪһߣûס, ᶼˡ
ҶˣЦôˣôޱӣ
ĨĨ, ϵûޣǸ˵ġ
, ҷﲻҪſϡ˵ţҶŰȷ
ҶĲ£߳ţͿҶǵƥ
⼸վڳſˣһšҶ˵žҪϳ
ܳæƴǵôУˣܴһߣѾܿˣڳĵ
˺ˣȻлɡ˵Ҷ㲻ɵİȥ
Ѿһӣ滹һҶȹԹſãְСӱ˽ȥνԹڳţ¾ͽңҾſڡ
ŷСһԹɵԱߣ¶Ц
ҲСһЦЦͦϲСһġ
ҶͽOһһҵߣҶűӺ
ΪǻûɽҰҶϳٶȺʱѩ󲿷ֶѾڻˣƥĸҲʲô
ҶǺ棬˴һС¿ں棬¿˵ŻСӣǲУ
ǽĸҶһҲҵӡ
ɽҰϵĵ·˽ʱҶҵ֮ǰ··Ծвٵߡ
Ҷǰ滹ƥųʱвٵ˶ҶͶȥ˴Ŀ⡣
Ҷ滹һ¿˶ĬϺ¿ǰһӣȥ˲٣˲ٵҲ˼
·ϵͬʬһǰߣʱʱĻеزˣЩǳ¡
ΪɽկдѩԵʣҶѾ˺üգʱҶֻǶݵͣϢһЩɳ伢
һҲҧں棬һҲҵ
ڣϦµʱҶƥ·ԵȥѾвٵ˿ʼŵĵطҶһԣͣ
ҶƿӣСӱ˳ǵطˣ³ඡ
ŷ˵ţСһԼĶӣҶҶ㣬Ҷˡ
ҶЦЦãһͺãԹԵһ
Сһŵ˵ϣҶְȷOѾƬյɨɾˣȵıҲ̺ˣҶȣſϢȥжƥúϢϢ
OǱǰѻһҶƬյر
ǱҲѻҶԱס
Ϊ˼ҲоŸԭҶƥһʱҲˡ
ҶͽOǿʼˣҰⲻú棬O˳࣬ҶǰͰײ˳֮ǰƥҶǻûꡣ
һҶ߱㴫˱ǵøƵƵĿȴû˸óȻǰ
ҶߵɵʱӣСǱ߳ʲôأ㰡
꣬Լķɣ˵ܹܵģ˵ˣЩ⣬Ϊһõģ˵ѵ
ҲǡҪǸ˶⣬ǿ϶ͱˣҲǶո˵󣬲Щͨ
һֱ˶˯ˣҶҹΧһֱƽ
ԶļͶҶƥ
磬ŮǬԪƥͷѾյĲݸƤˣȥͿˣЩְɡ
˿˿Ҷǵķ򣬡ǣҲףһӣûǿҲȥ
ܲôˣҲֻҪҳ⣬ȥҲĸԸ
Ҳ٣ܴƥڣ˵ŮǬԪ򵥡
磬ȥ͵ֲǺƴģֵǼϣȻܳ¡
ֻõ˵ͷһ·ϣѾ˺üյѩˮȷʵҲܲסˣʱҲ˲ϱ˵ˡ
Ҷһֱص˰ҹҲЩˣųŻѻ塣
ȺҶǵ˼Ҷһֱţһʱ侹ȻҲûҶ֣һֱҶѽOOҹЩ˱ִ
Щеƺȥ͵ʣµ
O˽ŲȥζҶˡ
Ҷʵո˯ţоOڽͬʱеĳ
ҶĵһӦȥˣȥƥȻҶͼƥĸнŲ
Ҷ䵱ųƥǱȥͼڰӰҶһ㣬ߵһһӣֱӽһˡ
صǸҲĵȥҶ˼ǰ滹ˣûǰȥ׷ᵶԼ󣬽˳׼Զˡ
Ǹոմ򶷵ĶҲһѾ˯µˣ֮˵ҪȥҶ䣬ǱO˻ȥ
Լϻˣǿ
ȼOȥʱļ١
ԱߵһҲˣһţڵϽģǱֵĻˣѲ˵ˣȥ˵æ
á۶ûüֱӴ£һѲ˵ͳ嵽Ҷߡ
һľҲ¶ˣҾλǶӻ·ϵ񣬺οΪѱ˴أȥϢɣǵôҶϢá
ʵҲֵصʵˣҪûˣҲ˭Ե޹ʵȥˣ
ȷʵôǶҲףϼҴڵģŸСӣҲףֵҪ˵ǻǸһǸϽ߰ɣǾ͵ʲôûЦ
˿ҶʱЩҲûʼأҲֻա
ʱոƵ͵ˣҲصߣ˺ҶǸһεľ룬࿴ŶԷǱߡ
ǸҶҲ٣ﻹʱȡ˼˻
룬ֳҶ£λкðɣƥôʹӸţȻǲȱԵģЩһЩԵİɣѾյƤٳȥ˾Ҫˣкãǡ
Աߵ˼״ҲҶȥ˿޵£ͺոҪ͵Ĳһ
ҶȻǲȻ⼸˵ĶģǶԼ˼ҲǲʵˣҲԼ֡
˿̣ԱߵĲѾˣеΪ˿ЩȻ˻ѡ
Ҷеָ˼ˣüǰ˼۶˰һ䵽ǰԶĵط
ҶĿڣҲǳںԭ͵ҵûʲôܹģڳʳҾԲǣԼ˶ǽʳƾʲôôʳ׸ǣǸͨˣֲǴˡ
Ҷ仺˿£ҪôҪôұҪˡ
缸˾ҶһŮǬԪӿ϶ûô󣬸οΧôڣҶĸɱˡ
Ů˶ŮǬԪҲҲһԼֵֻҪĥӲһԷ϶ǻʩġ
뵽кãǰɡ
ǰûˣֻóЩ
ǲƥ𣿿һƥŸ·ʣµһƥһųԣ˵Բ԰
ԱпֵѾΧ£˹в˶ĶҶǣмѾʼˡ
԰㲻ƥɱһƥôҳԳôˣ
ǣҸոտǳԷʱ Ĵ϶ٰɣôţóһַ֡
԰ǻܳԵ⣬ЩȴԲˣкɱһƥɡ
ɱɱɱ
Ҫ⣡Ҫ⣡⡭
Ҷ䴽΢΢һȣЩ˵ͦῶ֮ģҪ˵֮˱пɺ֮ء
OۿƲԣЩĿҶ䣬ĸ˲Ϊ壬µһЩһӵϣǱضмܲס
ҲʱҶO۾
OʶʲôæסСһ۾
ҲҶ仰ʱе۶ƿˡ
϶Ҷ䲻Ҷ֣˸û˼Ҳû뵽Ҷкͳ

㣬ܡ
ҵֱۣ
ӶĲҽҶİһ½һµĿ۶ţһֱȫˣҶͣ£ʼգҶɫûб
ŵûз£䵽ΧֵϣҶʵոǵ˭һˣ
Ҷ仰ƽĺͶһʯӣһʱǧˣӴܣе·ҪˣȾܣҶһˣǶǡ
ʱոΧ£ֵĶʮ˱ȫӰеŵԼӻĻѶŪˣҶˡ
Ҷ߳׵İü΢΢𣬱˺öͱ뱻˶Ĳ⡣
Ҳŵòᣬ֪Ҷֺãû뵽Ҷ͹һĶˣ˶ʱ־ԼˣȻûæͶӿڶǰˢһڸС
תҶ䣬Ҿϲ˺ЩС϶ҳʶˡ
Ҷ俴һۣ˵ͷ˵ǻ飬ȻûæǷġ
Ҷ㿪ʵʲô֣
С϶֣Ұ˼ȡʲô֣˼ЦЦˡЦ
Ҷ˵ͷţȥӰҰѼû󣬲Ͷ
һϲæҶ买һ񣬼Լӻľ׮һǣһţ˵Ļû𣿻ллˣ
ߵһĪǣ˲үȥʬϰμôʲô⡣
Ϊ˱ٱһţǹصĳҶҲһ
Ҷ˵˵ͷͷȻһ㣬ոŶæ˵Ҳһ·Ҷ䵹Ҳų⣬һʹǰһЩСæ
ִȥľʬǰ˵ʵ⻹үʶҶ֮żôʬ塣
ָҰʬ壬ǴʬϰμЩµģʹͷ࣬ոնԸ£ʹϿǣҲǰǵԼ˶Դˡ
ԭֲôء
ҲҰΣԥһֿ
ţûõĶأ㿴˼Ҷˣɱ˶գ۵ģٿ㣬ɱѾ
ԼϵһĲֵ룬Լ˵Ļеġ
ϴЩ˶ϣĵòȣһҲȫ군СȷʵҪ
ôţץסһֻ˳̵ŰѼ˳һ߰һ߸Լ׳һɤӣ
ڣҶȥ֧ȫ˻
СĽ˹ִקһƲϸϸİÿһ֧ĸɸɾģ֪ĻΪڲʲô
ЩױһİļĸҶ˻ȥ
ˣֻһ֧ȫˡЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷӹеļˡ
࣬࣬Ϊ£ĸϢɣʬùܣҺʬԶһĵطȥæ˵
Ҷٴγ˵ͷ
ˣO̾˿ȥ˯ɣһ·ǲձҪ¡
Ҳû취ƥﻳ˯ˡ˵ţҶ㱧Сһˡ
OȴüҶ䣬Ҷ֮ǰǸûôС죬ô˵еʵĻ
漴OȻˣϾҶܱˣ˵秵ĻҲûʲô
O̾˿ԼҶĽ̶ܳҲ̫ˣҶҪٱʲôϡŹֵĶܶ
ҶǱСһˣСһ￴Ҷ䣬ᣬһء
Ҷοлˣκú˯׼û˴㡣
šСһŵͷ۾
ֺľʬߣҲǳһĺ˻ʱҶѾ˯ˣûٹȥ
ԶԶŽOҾЦЦŴŶӻȥ
ȴЩ˯ˣƲֵĿӣܸоǰԼĻˣҪˣߵ͵óǰ棬ĶӵķݣںˣԼˣŪ˶ʼʹˡ
ģԼһҪúˣȡվҲð¡
Oһֱ۾Цô˯
˯ţҵãȻҵĻӸˡƲֵ
⵹ǰѽOЦˣΪɻԴ׵ȵͦȤġ


70 
ļҶǵûʲô鷳, պǵݣֻ֮ǰһݱҲвٵ, ·Ҫǵ׷ױ˳ǰ
ȡϴεĽѵҶβûͣ, ֱӼ뿪
⼸ȺϵѾõĲ, Ȫˮܼ˿ڵ, ⼸ҩûԣһ˵ʲôԸڳˣǸ˱Ҷһһ, OСһڳϢ
Ϊ, ҶнٶҲ˲, ɿ˺ǵһ, ǽϲܸҶһ˵нٶȡ
ϱϽϽҲͳ˻ݵĵؽ, ൱ڳʡ, ҶڱϽϵġ
;ҶҲһˣҶһ£Щһʮ, ɫ멣滹ݡ, Щ˶ӡ
ȻҲע⵽ǰˣˣ㿴ǰЩ, ݵģɰ
ҶҲŵ˵ͷ, ͦɵģһǲǵˣӦö
Ҷע⵽ЩˣҲڿЩˣֻЩ˵ȫ˳ƥҲǸľ׳û˸ȥЩ˵ùͷ
ҶǺǲ˵нٶȲ࣬ɫʱҶһֵӻǴһңһҲԶͣϢˡ
OⱧҶ俴ԶO֮ǰ£Щĵʵ˵Щ˻᲻̫ˣҲ̫ԶЩ˲ᱻɽϰɣ
ҶҡҡͷǲôùӦòᣬĶôɽ˵ˣǲ˸еһͲӣӦû˸ȥ󣬷İɡ
Ҷô˵OԷЩᶫ
ҶҲջߣŰѳϵĶȫ
⼸֮ǰɱƥѾȫԹˣΧ˶ӵģҶ䲻òֻ˼żаŰײ˳ײˣʳѡ׷֮⣬Ҷ仹Ŀ׼ųԡ
˺֮ŸɻĻѾȰˣҶͽOֻһȥаײˣһȥ򼦵һ˸ɻҶǵٶȱһЩ
ʱҶѾ׷ˣһԵųˡ
OˣСһһ档
ҶѾԵʱԶǲҲ˻𣬿ӦҲ
Ҷһ߳ļײ˸ǷһǻǵټӵʳŹζ
Ҷڻʰ룬OǿСһ໭
Сһеʱϲǻһ߻һģOֻǿŶԼÿɰ
ǶϢĲˣ׼˯ˣڣҶͽOҹѹûôˣһҹÿ˶ܶ˯һһǽOֵأ쵽ʱʱǻҶ䡣
Ҷ֮ڻѱ߻˺һ˹߻ŷõĳΧǺܰӦö˯ˡ
ҶŻɢʱҶ˶ȥĶˡ
ӦòôùɣӶɽ
Ƭ̣Ѿȫʵĺ˴˳ҶɫŵĿЩˣȴֺ˵Ŀ겢ǡ
Щ˳ҶǲȥˣһԶʹ˴
ҶѽO˶ˣСһˣ۾˾
Ҷ䣬ôˣO˯ûһֱҶŪˡ
ǱߴˣһȺˣǳġҶԥƬ̻ǿڵȣȥʰоܡ
õˡæȥҶͽOǰѱЩ˳
һҲˣҶʰæüҲʰ
㣬㣬ǺҪˣöִߴţԼһСľ׷Ҷˡ
ҶʰʱܱߵҲв·ģһǱߵս־ˣɢӣúҲ׷ɱ˳·񣬺˱ֱӽɱкҶġ
ҶæýOСһϳԼ
Ǽҵ¿ҶǺ棬һ̲ͣѰţҶѾͺܶһʼ·ӿȥⳡ꼰Լ
˿̵OСһ죬СһһŶǸˡ
ŮҲüŽOΣOŵ̽£
Ůæ˸ƣOæ졣
OõԹԵģ˵кö໵ˡ
СһԹԵͷOɿСһ
Сһﲻ˵ȴԾɺĶŶǸ㿴
ŮǬԪŽOҲһӵʣնѹȥ·𣿾Ǵ֣ͨһģøһ
OͶ˼æ﷭ҳһȹĵݸŮǬԪСһǱ߿ȥŮǬԪȹĿռ䡣
ŮǬԪѸٵİϵ绹˿ȹȫ˳Ŵ˳ȥЩ˿ŽOһл
OæֻλǴѵĶޣŮۺ󹬿ټĺֻлʺһˣϥ¸ֻŮ
ױ㱻Ϊ̫ŮڼǰһԻ׹Ӵ˱ֻγУޱֳδŮ۵ѡû˸ҶλΡ
Oü΢ֻôö˶˵ĵ׷ɱ˭ôδŮ۵ѡҶ
ЩOܺ棬ҲΣϾ黢λºδŮҲûʲôˡ
ҶҲ˳Ķüƿ˳һˡ
ҶҪֱ㱻OֹˣҶ䣬λҵĹˣԺͬ͡
ҶOԼ֣˵ͷת˻ȥֻ²˵˭ϿЩЩΪʲôᱻ׷ɱOΪʲôʶ
ҶҲ֪ڲ˵ʱ򣬴ܳŸ·أҶҲ뿪ǸǷ֮أһЩ׷ˣһ˿ҲҪùġ
ţҶæȣܵĿЩ
ˡ˵ţæűƥܵĸЩ
ʱĳﰲ缦OһŮȻûʲô˵ģο޻ǸǬԪھǶҪӵģҲû
Ҳ֪úͽO˵ʲô֪Էֻ֣ԼԼôһӡ֪֮ĳϼ档
Сӿ˴۵СۣԼҲɻץץԼС
ֻСвסģûһСһƵǱߣЦЦĿ޵㣬ÿ
ɰѽOһھǵĻ˵ⷬѾðˣ֣
޼Сһװ׵ССŻͦɰģ彪Oҡҡͷ޷ûͦɰġ


71 
л
O˵־ͱ޴, պȽ޶ɡ
ǹգͨǲõģڵ¸ǲٺ, ޣڼеڶ, ɴýO޶ˡ
OĶеó, ԼеĶ, λʥŨĶ¼Ǻϣǵʱ꣬ǻ, ֱ˵¶ء
, ҼˡO
ü, ּöô, ƽôͬദģôദͺá
O¶һھ͸ŮǽʱļЦ, Ц, ôܸңһĵĲñǺϣǵùĶǽ
⻰СӶûôˣƽʱҶ㻹νദ, Լ棬Ҫ
Сһ޽Ҳһ, ˹ȥСȥޣ޽㱧~
OһĶᵽɤ, ɫԼŵɷףһ, ֣ұ㡣
޷ҲƬ̣ǰҪɴ౧Сһ
˵ûбôССأЩֵܵѾСģ޿ɲЩˣҪ֪ЩֵǸ޲ͻʽϾѵŮǶûˣЩ˱лˡ
ιɱԼİӦҲЩ˰ŵģ޹˹ǣСӵСһ￩˿ʲô
OȴһԿľóײλĻŮ
ڵСһ޻ʱ޵ûʲôõɫO˿
ҶɫҲôãǴĶƽ޹ʵðŮǬԪ֮ǰ˵OǸھôӻĵ·ϰ·ĳһ
Ҷ䲻֪ôģЩҪԭ˵ǲ
̫̫ӣټЩ·ϼӵȹ̽ãӲǰ޸ˡ
ҶǾнһҹһֱƥƣˣŰƥһ·ĵطϢ
жɣιЩɲݺͶӣȻҪŲȥˡҶ
ˡ˵ţ㽫ƥݵĴ˳
OҲ̴ˣҶ俴ŮǬԪһۣûǶʼ
СһӽOĻˣȥҶҶ㣬ǳʲôóԵѽҶӶˡ
ãһ͸𼱡ҶСһЦЦ
޼ҶûҲûûȤ򽪽Oʵˣʲô֣Ҽǵ֮ǰ㼸Ρ
OʶӲҧסˣOǼҸ
¡޵˵ͷüӦھǲŶԣֵط
Һĸ׻̽ף·˴ˣҺĸɢˣҴշתݵʱ򣬲֪һҲ±ȥˣұ㱻ҶˡOûἰ֮ǰҶڲƭףǴ顣
ԭ׼ȥĶҪһ·𣿡޼ʵ
OЩԥһ·£ʵڲλһ·黢һ·ĺܺãֻҪһСĲãλ¼ǺϣǿɾǴͷ
Ҳ֮ȥϱߣûôˣٻؾȥO˵
޵˵ͷţã˳·ǱҰɡ
˳ҲΪ˿飬͢˲ٵӺʳɵ˵طһˮûУбȻ˶ӣ˾һҪϲ£һ·ȫ˵ĸ
ĸʾ̫ƣǼ壬˼ԽˣҲʱôˡ
O֪ʲôȴһٸԸһߣȴ¶һ׼罻΢Цð
Ҷ̧һۣܾﲻζ㿪ڵĶɶҵģ˭˭ȻҲҵġ
˵ţҶޣСɲˣҹģҪֻŲԲȣҿɲҪ
OͣĳҶʹɫҶOޣһôˣ۾ɳˣ
O˱۾˺һǿЦЦҶֱڿ죬ûжģȥ˵䡣
O޵ЩСҶˬˣѵԭľǴˣOһ֮⻹бϲˣ
뵽Ҷ͸޲˳ˡ
OæסҶ䣬ҶԶһĵطȥ
Ҷǲ鲻Ըһ㲻ˣOϵ֣ҶǸǬԪȻֻһѿ˽O
OתҶ䴹ŵ棬ϵ㲻̫á
˿Լ֣ƺЩţ⻹ӻ·ҶһζԼʲô飬ҶƢõúܣô˸ŮǬԪˣ
漴O뵽ʲôһ䣬Ҷǰ˼ôˣͻȻͲˡ
ûôǾСͻȻһݲˣסҶ䲻˵
O۾գգҶӣģΪ
Ҷ˵ͷţҶ˵Ҳ˵ģҪʲôɲˣҿ϶ܴ£˵ˣ׷ɱأʱǼ
OʵҲĺ㣬Ҳһ£ôҵ޵˵ЩҪҪˣǽҪҪˣ
ҶϻͰ͵ģһĲˣOǰһỺ˲٣ǲǳԴˣ
Ҷ䱻OĻһϵôܣôܳԴףЦ˵̫ˡ
Ҷһӣͷĸ߸ߵģҲȥO
Oȴü΢䣬ոյҶ䣬һֻըëӣϵӻͦɰġ
OûԴ㺰ôʲô
Ҷһҿ˿Һûˣңǲ𣿡
OЦ˵ͷոҶ˺֮ľ룬OǰҶмҲֻһ۵ľ롣
O̾˿߿ҶҺʲôûУһɷģҲóԷɴףֻЩû취ھܾݺ⣬չһЩٸ㡣
Ҷ佫ŽɵԵͷ˹ȥһ䣬˵ûԴס
OЦŰúúãҶˣ˰ɣ
Ҷĵͷ֧ŶŽO˵ܡ
OյҶԣǵĶŮޣδŮ۵ѡܵģһ仰ܾЩ˵
Ҷü΢΢һ鷳OļҶ֪ģȷܵޡ
Щ׷ɱ޵˲֪һ޺ͬУͬҲС
OҶüû˵ִҶϽһҶ䣿
ҶĶⱻO˵ʱУԾĶһ£OҶĶôе
û£ǿմϴ鷳ˡҶ޵£ûȥԼ䶶һ£ҲûOɫ


72 
Ҳֻ, ֻߡO
ҶҲŵ˵ͷֻˡ
ԶҲڿOǣ߳һξ, ӱӻλûܿ˴һ˵Ӱվô, ͦܵġ
Щզ, ŮŮǬԪһˣ⵹ϡ, ϾЩŹŮһ㶼ŵԵ˻䣬˵ӦƲǸŮǬԪƽͷհɣ
ŮǬԪǳмɫҲֲýOһ
СһһֱǱ߿, ˳޵߿˹ȥ, ͼԼҽҶ۵Ŀһ, Сһ۾ˡ
ٺ, Ҷϲˡ
߿Сӣǿ϶Լ뷨˹Ȼ˽ˡ
ЩҲûʲôϵ, ֮׼, úÿһһ·ϸЩԶǱϲǣ鿴ʵ, ǻǵÿԼ
һ·ѾǵһϮˣ֮, ޱ˳ѿǣЩֵܵҲĶڰȫ, ʵģЩֻϵ, ʵһ·űİࡣ
ҹǹⲻЩ֣װֻӴܵӣ˳µĴת򰵴Ҳܿǹõʲôӡ
ԶҶ֪˽O޲֮˲٣ٻʱҶ޵ĵ˲٣Ҳûа޵Ů
Ҫչ˵ģɲźһڡ
Ҷһӵ޶ǰɣȥˣҶøɻ
ҶָָСӣСӳҶ俩֣ҶһСһЦȥɡ
ҮСһһ֦ڵϿʼ档
Ҷ֮ǳɶҲɲˣ򲻹˭øɻ
Oһ˱۾ǣոպҶ˵ĻҶһûȥŮôʹ
Ķ֪ȴǰӽ˹ЩĴҶ䣬ֱӿ𣿻Ҫڸӣ
ãӻ￾ˡҶν˵ȥæˡ
ڸ𣬶Ҷ׼Ѽࡣ
Oޱľ裬æ˹ȥɡ
ã˵ͦеģ㲻úҿԼͺá˵ţӾȥˡ
һ·ϵķʳȻ׼޻ǾͦģѾܾû˺ô˵ˣڹʱûѣЩҵǬԪһʱҲֻŰͽһá
OˣҲֹȥҶˡ
һҶǱߵѼˣԶԶƮɢ˳
Ҷʢ࣬OǸСһｫõŽСһһڴһԵĺ㡣
ҶҲһ濾ĽģȴɳȿģǺóԣѼҲһ
һðͰײ˸óһӷŽȻƽóñ˻ɣϾ޿ɲԼˡ
ţҶӿ˺ٶȣϳæ֮޲
һҹҶԭشӻ˯һ˵
ȸţһٻأ֮˶˯һ磬Ҷ̡
ԼѸĻˣҲһԼĻĸˣҴҵ¡
ڳҶͽOСһţСһˣҶ仹ѱ̺ãСһϢ
Լ˽Oߣ˶һۣǶԶԷ̾˿
ˣOôҶ˵ʲôŲŲҶ֣ʾҶȥ
Ҷ˹ȥOѴյҶߣСЩ¶ˣ¿ɲҡ
Ҷ䵱˽O˼ԼЩεǼ⣬ЩO϶֪ˣһֱûƣô˵ˣҶ仹εġ
彪O˵ͷţ֪ġ
ҶͷOŷġ
һֱϦ£ҶǲͣӪկ
ֻҶǸհѻѵţԶ㴫˿޺ԭһ˼ҵ˱ĶˣļŮҲſڵϿ޺ֹ
ôҲȥˣżգǱ㶼ˣһŮӵĿԼԼĴ˹
Ҫҿ˺ã˲źãŲ㣬㿴ǹʲôӣﲻǹģˡһŮӿ˵
԰˺ã˺ã˱Ҳܿˡ
ٸǰﹷֻ֪ƣмߵط
ƺ˵˴ҵ£һƬеĵеҲһ
ԣٸҪͷ˰ʱɶˣЩۿžҪˣ˭ǵ
ƨ͢ƨٸЩ˲գ۵Ķ
鿪ʼӣһЩ嵭ˮ࣬ɵڣôһ඼·Ķ
ĺƿһӣȺʹĿ޺ţЩ·ʧȥˣܶѾûʳˣܳţǿ·ߵӹ
ܶѾľܱߵĿ̲סĸŷ
ҶкȼЩҲҶȴʲôˣԼֻǸͨˣΪЩµλ¡
һ·϶ǺĻǴһȻҲ·нűˤˣҲԶûнЩܡ
Ҷ䣬ڵʳ𣿡
ҶüߵޣʲôΧôֻҪһʳ˱ӿֱӺǣ
ޱҶĻҭһͣҲ֪ո˵ĻףЩô࣬޻Ĳ̣ǻҵˣЩյ죬µȴʲôˡ
Ҷ߿ޣҿҲȥˣ˷ʱѣһ·ôأȴû֣˵ˡϵˣȥ취ɣһЩˡ
߿Ҷ䣬ӦǽOԼݸ֪Ҷˣ˵ͷߵҶ£ܰһ·鶼˵˵𣿡
ҶɴĻȣԼʼúú˵һ·Ϸ¡
˵
ҶǴݳʼȻҲ·;˷ӣлǵĳŽգЩسǵʿɱ񣬵ȻҶ仹Ǳץȥһͽɽկϵ飬һ·ϼǶ֣˵ȵЩ£Ҷȫ޽һ顣
߿Ҷ䣬ɵĸ̾ô˵ǻ󡣡
ӦģҲᵽǵĲףǰôңټ׷ʲô壬ץסһ̰ȴҲȲЩ񣬻Ҫŵù˴ʳһһС
ǰɣϣ˳ϱߡҶ俪ڵ
һȥ֮ô£֮ЩڣҶһͨĲ֪Щιİ취𣿲ʳȥˣķҲá
ƣвֿ϶ûˣ˵Щӻᾭ̰˵طϲһʣ¶٣ЩǮܰȵĵطϣڳϱߣضȱǵطϵĹ򲻵ǲֱӷȥǲŵùҾľȥֻ֣ҡ


73 
涼Ѿҳ, ǲͨĹѺʳУҲкȱѪˣʳҪǵ, µһ뱻˿߼ֻѡŵùҾľӡ
޵˵ͷ, ȻҶ˵е, ٵЩʱջȥ, ǵʱֻࡣ
ЩԳ͢Թܴٲȡʩ´Ҫˡ
ҪּԼ, Ҳ벻ô, Ͼܶĵطûʵϱ
˵, ԵĻ, ⼸ձ̡˵
ǿԵĻҲЩҽҽһȥ֣֮߷, ЩҪС, ⻹İã˰Щ⣬ҪЩٵĻȥú顣ֵĴҶ֪, ֻ˰գЩ, ϶ǵר۲ܾġ
޼ͷҶҲЩɻ󣬡û飿
Ҷ˵ͷ, ţʶֶ, Ķ⣬ͺãǵЩԼ취
Ҷ˵ţٽȥˡ
ֿ򽪽Oʵʶʱʲôģ
¡Oʵʵ⻹ҶģϾݵҶպͺѴһ𣬲èǶǮ֡
һŵӣϾղǷôҲû˵ĻֻOǲ˵Ҳûжʡ
𲱾һһĶ޽ڴ괵˼ﴫƬ֮󣬱һҶһ㣬źۼƮߡ
Ҷ䶼һû˾ͳˡ
ȫ£һ񣬹ĵ޲ǲ
ȥ֪ͨһӵˣһһؾ̣ԽԽá
ǣ¡˵꣬˱һһƮΧϣƬ̺ͿӰˡ
뿪ڵҽߣո鷳ˣԭŶص֮Уû뵽ǣҲԵ
˵ţֿ˽OֻμŻȥã㻹ǺҶȵϱ߰ٺã취ؾǰɡ
룬ֵԼ̵дţһؾ֮󣬰ŽˣҲø㱨ƽ
ллOû˵лĸֻ֣òлҲ˱ƽ
ţOæȥҶ䣬Ҷ䣬бī𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷǶAΣʲôУҶ仹װװӣУľ£ҵýȥһҡ
ãңҸﱨƽOæ
šҶӦһȥˣĶЩҶĿռ
Ҷ佫ռıīֽ˳󼱴Ҵҵ˳ȥ
ҵˡ˵ţҶ佫ŵһԽԷĴʯͷϣOˮһЩīëд
OдĲܹдҳҪдһ·飬ȥ֮ǰҶǲõ飬дԼúܰȫ跨ȥϱţȶ֮ٴ跨ؾǡ
֣֮д֮󽪽OСĽޣлл°æ֮лܰš
ҡҡͷ޷һؾˣ˰͵ȥҲʲô򡣡
޵ֿҶ䣬ѻһժϺõı̣һֻķˡ
ıߵҶǱߣҶ俪ڵҹȷʵǣƾ͵ǸĲͽO˾ǣõõҵģȥҡ
Ҷ룬ֽƣ޵˵ͷлˡ
أѣһҪһ·£ʱֵ֪жɥ̾˿˵
ԶĿɥѾָֹֻͣǸľģ
Ҷյ˰ݹźţŻ뵽˺ڰУͺûһ
ҶΪ˷ֹ鷳ҲѶıӡպãһбֻʣĸˡ
γӵٶ̫죬Ҷ俴˿һӦûǣҲνƼˮ꣬ɢҲ
ϣҶ׼˯˵ʱִ˶һЩĲҽ
ҶüӸȺͽOһһѳҶҲһѻǰ
ԽԽʱҶҲˣֻӲϣ˲࣬ұȽϷɢ
ЩǷһ嵽㿪ʼɱˡ
ʱ˳Ҷ߿ɱ˹
ҶһõֵһOųסСӡ
˵ĳĺܿ죬Щɱ޵ˡ
Ҷճһ񵲣ѸٵŽǺУǺ˵ܴ󣬶ҳֺܿ죬һǾѵ֣ҶеֵǣЩǻṦģһĴѲܶࡣ
һߵҲǿмܣʱ򵫷һǽOǱΣˡ
ҶĹǺ˳࣬УһͷܿǵҶһط˿ȴǱԷĳϡ
ҶϢǺ˵һѾҼ˹ҶٴóᵲסԷǵʲôˣΪʲôЩ֣
˲ҶĻȻҲû뵽һܽô൶ɵЩĵʹøǿ˼֡
Ҷոһһֳ˹
һһĲϳ£ҶĻڶ÷飬ȴиҲһ˿
ȥȶŲסˣҶŰֳֺͶĺ˱ƴĶ֪һ³ԷҶؿһҶѾõ˿ռؿҲʵʵİһţߵɳԶ
Ҷŵأ۵һȻ˵޾Ǹù£ˣǺЩܵǣЩһɴɱҲһˡ
Ҷ䵹أǺȻûҪŹҶ˼һѾҶ˹
Ҷ䣡
Ҳʱ򽪽OóǺ˵ĵԺγƬ̵Ҳ˺˵ע⡣
Ǻ˸ɴ൶һתŽOļ˳˹ȥ
ҶֵѾ׼˺˵ĺûô򶨹ַ۶һ֧ವĳź˵ĺȥǺƺҲû뵽ҶͻȻ֣Ƭ֮Ĳ㱻һ֧䴩ʱ˵ĵ뽪Oֻȭľ롣
OæµǺԵ˵ϡ
OովСӶһ߱ͷ˵СһСһԹС壬Щ˵ע⡣
Ҷ仺һ˱ʹֱվǻںȴ򶷵ĺ˾һϰԶôľһǺ˵ĺֱӱҶУƬ֮˱㵹ѪС
Ҷ仺˿嵽˽OߣOûˣҶų彪OһԴ֪֪ղŶΣգͲôһûˣ
ҶֻԼĸղŶˣЩ˲һˣǳٶȿҪ
O򴽰꣬ҲǵҶŻŵȥ赲ģ֪ʱж຦£Ҷˡ
л˵ʲôΧк˳Ҷӿ


74 
ò׽, תۼ䣬ֳ߳ˡ
Ҷ任õѸٵĿ۶, һ֧һ֧˳ȥܿϧ, Щ˵ķӦѸ, ҸṦ, Ҷ󲿷ֶ˶˹ȥֻеˡ
Ϊ׵˴ȥŮĶŪߡ
ǣ˷׷ʣµȫҶ˹ȥ
ѾܵҶ, Ƭ֮, ոջҶʮԶĺ, Ѿ嵽˵Ľǰ
Ҷеʧ, óһ˵ĵʱһ紵Ҷն, ûüһ, ոĵתξֱӳ
Ҷ鼱ֻ֮յ˺ü, ԾûܵõϢһ˲Ҷ, һѾٴγҶĲ˹
ҶǿмܣһѾṦɵҶ, һҶĺ󱳿ȥ
Ҷʹ˳̵ľеĳһ˦, ͬʱѸոʱ򣬱һѾ˹ʱѾء
Ҷ֮Ҳԭͣ˵ĵļ죬ͣԭؾ͵ڵ
ҶѸһŴӵվҲϣ˵ĵѾոշĵطȥҶˣ˱ֳҶл
ҶѾЩŲסˣЩ˿ɺͱ˲һӵ󣬶ٶȼ졣
ҪҶĩʮ꣬ΣյԤѾԵϰߣڸղŵĽУûˡ
Ҳ̶̼Ĺ˵ĵ̳Ҷ˹Ҷֻ̧񵲣һ̣һϮ
Ҷƴѹеĳ̶ͷ˺һķ˿ֱնһСѡ
ҶϾ˼ЩǱԭط˼ȦԼ
ڷͬʱҶٴγ߿ѾӵĺˣҶٴ̧һк˵ؿڡ
һ̣һ˵ĳҶҶȦϵĳٴγ֡
ǺƺҲҶѲЩҶǸƹĶǺ˱ɴһתŴԵĽO˹ȥ
Oæᵶ񵲣ǬԪҪһأټϽOŮʶĶ֣ᵶЩ𵶸һ£ѾǺѵˡ
ȻǺ˿ɲǲһֳŽO˹ȥ
ҶֵźҶ䣬ѸóŽOӵҶһɺȴһֱó
ҶʱȴֵʮʸѾȫ꣬µٴθװʸ
ȻǺƺҲҶûмˣٴᵶŽO˹յȫɱ⣬Բǰǲޣ
ҶѾջ˿ռûֻóƴ
ڳҪ䵽O羱ʱҶĳѾ˺ǰ
ЦŮˣǣҵҪ㻹ʲô»ס
ƺǿ˽OҶҪǺ˵ĵǳ۾һٹҶ䣬ǴŽOȥ
Ҷ䱾ӦԳڻһOҶ亹ˣôˣҶһܵΣս١
룬ǰǺһٴγʱѾվ˽Oǰ
һֱӳŽOĲ˹ȥҶæתó񵲣Ǻ˼תһųҶؿ˳ȥ
һżأҶ䱻ߵؿһƬ飬ɤ﷢ĵһʱȻҲЩղסˤ˳ȥ
ҶµͬʱקסߵĽOŽOһ£ȻǺ˵ĳѾŽOովŵĵط˹ȥҪҶק˽Oһ£޿ɱܡ
ҲʱǺ˵һת˳ƱϵĽOҶ鼱ִ֮ӿռóһѳҲҶռһѵ
Ҷ̧ųָ񵲣ֱǺһţѾЩ֣Щٴղס
ҶҪٴվȴֱĺ˿һߵҶյϣѾٴֻҶ˳ȥ
ǱҲżҶ߳Ųסˣˣ㡣
ҲһҲһߵڵأĶϾܹȥҶ䣬ԼҲǺ˱Ƶýѡ
Ҷ䳤߷ɵĺЦһһΪжأǺüˣھȥžۡ
ǺʲôȤζһȶҶ֣ƫĵŽOȥˡ
ҶѾ˲ô࣬Ӹ˷ӦO£ͬʱù˽OĳָԼ
һֵ̣ĴǺ˵ĳѾҶĵϣΪǷ֣Ҷ䱾ͲʩĺȴԽԽǺ˵ĳĵҶϡ
Ҷ䷴̧ϵĵֵȴǺ˵һ˵ĳֱӱû뵽ҶѪУʱѪ˳
O᲻֪ʲôʱѾҶ󺰵ҹˣߣԼߡ
Ҷ߿򽪽O彪O¶һ԰׵Цһ̣ĺֱǺһš
ͷˣо飬żһȥ棬ǻ顣
ǺƺҲǱҶѲˣɱЩͿвû칦˵ɱǺüˣھҶЩͷȥ
˵ţ˵ĵѹ֣ҵֿãҾȥ
˵ţǺ˽Ҷļ򴦵˿ÿҶѾ۵ЩˣĺҲлϷʣųͳҶĺȥһǱҪҶȥġ
Ҷ䲻˿ϵʹתǺ˵ĵ߿̶ó񵲡
Ǻ˫õ˳ѹٲȻǻøոյļƲߣҶҼһ˿ڡ
Ҷ֧˿ڻڵѪֵĵһ㱻ųԼѹǺ˸ۿǺ˵ĵҪҶҼʱҶͻȻһذס
Ҷ䲻жôʹֱӽذͱ˺˵ǻͱһ֮Ѹͱ˵ڶ
ȻҲû뵽Ҷ־ôǿѾˣȻҶۣȻˣ벻ǣҶĶذס
Ȼ룬ѪҺţǺԵȥ
ҶҲŻѪۣڵϲͣĴϢš
Oæ˹Ҷ䣬ôˣϺǲǣ˺öѪ
ȷɱǺ£Ҷޱȵ侲ֻ涼˼ޣڻۣȻǻǿŰˡ
áOæСĵķҶվ
ҶӵϼһѵȴԵ˵ϣǽOæסҪʲôȥ
ҶҡҡͷﲻȫǵøϽ뿪
˵ţѿ˽OĲųǱȥˡ


75 
ȵѾ˼, Ҳûǰֵô
ʱǺȽţҶֱӴһĲȥ
Ǻ˵İ߲ϣѪӿ˳, Ȳģǰ˲һ, , Χк˲ȫˡ
Ҷĳ, ֱĹ˵ϣֱѾ۵ĳ̧ˣ䶹ĺһһεĻ, ɫǲҰֽ
OѾ׷˹, ˲Լ, æȥ鿴Ҷ״, ôˣ˺öѪ
OǶһરવĲͣ, ҶԲһ, Ϊ˾
뵽Oֹֹס
ҶɫҰ׵Ŀ˿OǿŽOЦ, ˲࣬Ҫٶ༸, ǽնӲȥˡ
˵ˣҩأȰֹѪOһᣬһԼĽҶ˿, ǽܱܿ, ҶѪȾȥ
Ҷ䴭˼һ̣һҩ䡣
Ҷ佫ҩŵ˵ϣؿھҵߵѾˣϵľʹҶ亹¡
ˣȥñӹڱЩҲǺۿ͵͵ҶĨᣬûãԼһ˶򲻹󻹵
˵ţæȥñӣȴСӻųһŵĶԣֻСֱԴ̧ͷϸȥСһ廹ڷٲȻǱոյŵòᡣ
æСһﱧο£˶ˣ²¡
Сһ۾ȣСſȻҽ㻹Ҷأ
Ǳߣߣǹȥ˵ţæСһﱧ˹ȥ
ȻСһͿҶȾѪļֻ۾ǰરવĵᣬҶ㱻۸ˣ~
Сӿ޵ģҪȥҶ䡣
Ҷ״̬ѾܲˣҧԼһ£ǿԼѣУ˿ڣȣȥھ͵뿪»к׷
á˵æСӣԹվű𶯣ȥҶ䣬ˣԹԵźòã
áСһһĨᣬһߵͷӦ
OѾҽҩ䣬ļҶ˿ڸĲȫ¶˿
ոǺõܴҶϵ˿ڴļͷһ·ؿڣĿӦʮң˿ںҲôѪ
OҧԼ´ԼѧҶϴΰȴ˿ڵӣҪõҶ
ҶȴסɴֹѪ˳˿ڡ
šOӦһȴǻſǻһһĲҶ˿ϣҶļ˸ᣬǽһ˿ڡ
ǱҲѾ׺һĶҲʰ󼱴Ҵҵ˳ˣʰˣǿˡ
ҶϢѾ˵ͷȱȥҶˡ
ҶҶ壬ֻҶֱ̧ҶĲȽҶһѲ
OҲȥæҲ֪ԼȣԼŪҶ䡣
OһǣСӣһҩ˺档
ԣҶѾŲ鸡ۿ˶Ҫʹȥˣһ߿һҶ䱧
ˣһ£˳ܺúô˿ˣǧסȱͷԼŪʪҶ·һ߳ҭһ߰Ҷ䱧˳
ŵĽOͬߵķһરવ䣬ǽҩ˽ȥְͬĨСӱȥ
OԼϳСһҶˣܹ˲㣬Լһ˹ԹԱߴźòã
áСһűӣһ߿޵
OСһﱧ˳棬³ȥСҶ壬ȣʱһЩϻˣһζ
ãõġ˵ţƿӳĳᣬΧ˼ѣ·ʻȥ
OҶ˺ӣҶܿڱϡ
O½ҩ򿪣ѧҶϴεӣףһСܷ˳
ǴõģֱʹãO߿Ҷ䣬ۿűҪ۾ˣOæеҶ䣬һ£ټһ£ϾͺˣҰ㴦˿ڣǧҪס
ҶͷԻɿOڿޣǿЦû£ֻǼˣֲҪ
˵֡O˵˳ǰરવĵ䡣
Ҷ޵ģҲܣżϵľʹҶɵû£һܺõģ˯һûˣĪˣһᣬҲܡ
˿ҶּղŶϺ˵ʱҲǹҪ㣬˵
֪ģĪҪ˵ˣǧ˯ȥˡµªOҶ˯ȥ˱ҲѲˡ
ҶĳˣôһҶµġ
O˲ᣬҧԼҽҩĵǩ˳ʼõҶ˿
õۣô˿ڣǩ棬һҲ۵ܲˡ
Ҷ½OѹӲҧˣֻϢ٣䲱ȫϸܵ麹
ȽOõһζҶѾǱˮ̳һ㡣
Һһ顣룬Ҷּϴ𣿽һ¡
OΪҶҪæŵ˳ոյһOѾҶ䰴˿ˣǻûùġ
ű˽ҪȥҶҶȴֹ˽Oǲ
˵ţҶѽOýʣ˹ųһԼ
ոѾϵͳ￴ˣڻ77һֵûãϲûҩҲ˵һķ룬ҶҲȫҪҧӲ
ĩʱҲһΣǴεԺã˵طСϣֻ룬ҲûҩԼҧȥģҶжۣס׼÷ýOܡ
ЩҶָָˮָָԼ˿ڣŽO˵ͷ
OĨһԼᣬˮ˳֮ǰʱȱ۵ȥģɲ룬ⶫҪõҶˡ
OСĵĽǩմҺһһĲҶ˿ϡ
Ҷ˵ĽڲԾķеҶҧסȴԾɷ˼ƺߣҺմ˿ڵĸоõ˿˺۵Ҷ亹ͣĵ䣬һ㡣
ƫƫǸǿӣۣҶҲһû䣬ôӲĿ˹ȥ
OȥҶɫҧעȫǵ˿ϣһһĽ˿ȫ
ЩȥҶ䣬ֻҶɫӲ԰˲٣OۿϵĺҶ˵Ż˯Ҷ䣬Ҫ˿ˣҸôҸô
OŹŮʫŮЩóû˵ƤϷ룬οǰ˻Ҷ䡣


76 
ۿҶɫԽԽ, Oٵ飬ҧеߴ뵽ҶƤ
Ҷƺһҧſе, 䶹ĺ鲻סĻ䡣
OҧԼ´Լ, ʹʹ, O, Ĩһ飬ǿԼٵҶƤϴ, һҶ˿Ͼͱ12롣
Oβʱ, ҶʶѾЩɢ, ۵ûеĽó
OûϹ, ٴõҺҶҶļϲ˺ɴ
ЩOæժ£յҶ, Ҷ俿
Ҷ, OһӸǵҶϣһЩŵҶ䣬һֽҶҧŵĽȡ˳
ҶЩɢ, O˶ڷҶ, ôˣң˵ҪҺؾǵģ㲻¡
OરવҶؿڵ½, Ҷˣְ, ʵ̫ˣҲ̫ˣƬ̺۾
ʧȥʶǰҶƺϵͳĲ˰Ķעĵ
OҶƺǻȥˣҶӣ޵Щ㲻£ǧ£Ҷ䣬㲻˵㻰
˿̵ĽOѾںʲôزؾˣ˵ЩֻҶǣлȥĶ
Сһڳĺ濴ŽޣԼҲŰરવĵᣬֲȥţֻԼ͵͵ĿޱӣС޵һһģҶܺãҶ¡
OҶһŲһ壬Ҷ￿ĸһЩ
OϵѾȫˣԼİҶͶĺ飬ָʱʱҶ԰׵Ħš
ʱOе˻ߣæȥ̽ҶĶͷһƬ̡
OۿٿĺˣæǸҩ䷭ңһСƿҩһȳԹյġ
OҶ俿ȡҩƬŵҶ䴽ߡ
Ҷ䣬ѣȰҩ˯
ҶģôĽûзӦ
û취OֻҶУǿҶָһЩʶ
Ҷ䣬죬ιҩO˵δںҶ䡣
ҶͷΣҲۣԼ˽O졣
ҶƿƤOȴԼ۶ֱſһ϶
Oæ˳ŷ϶ҩҶ˿Уֽʢˮĺ«ιҶ䴽ߣСĽˮҶС
Ҷ˺öູҲˣʶİŴ󣬺źͽˮ
OǺСιȵĲˣ°Ѻ«ŵһԡ
ҶϢһҹϵ˶һҹδߣСӶΪҶ䣬һԼһ۾ҶͲˡ
һֱʱ10㣩ȲŰͣ˴·ԣƿӿ棬ͼҶ仹ڻ˯š
ôˣЩʵ
OҶĶͷѾˣ˻ûѡ
룬OڵȣһĵطѳͣãЩһûԶŲס
áæӦһȥҵطˡ
ʱȾҺ˵طжƥЩϣ˳Ϣһ
ȰСһһСһһ¡
ԼϳõĶʼڿյϵࡣ
OԾڳҶ䣬ȻˣԾɻûѹOǵġ
ʱȱ˽OŵһߣҶ࣬Ҷ䣬ѣЩ˯ѡ
Ҷ˯ûƺڽǿ۾ȴ۵ĸҶ
ˣоôˣOۿͮͮģҶˣ¶ϲı
~ҶֻԼĺɬһζӿд˵һĻ
O״æ˺«Ҷι˺üˮǲǣȺЩˮ
Ҷһ˺üڣžúûôˣľҲ΢һЩԾɺöˣġ
Ҷ½OΪæο
Oҡҡͷûס˳ˣôܺöˣͻ˵Щοҡ
ĺöˣţûôˡҶÿ˵һ仰ҪϢЪһЪܼ˵˵⼸仰Ѿķٵ
ãһֱ㣬˵仰۵ˡO˵ˡ
˹ôʢˣവˣ͵Ҷ䴽ߣһιҶ࣬Oһߵ⼸úϢʲôòģҺء
ţأûŵɣСô׿ޱӣҶԼһѪŻСһ
ûУȴأġO˵ּιҶࡣ
࣬ҶýOƬҩ£ЩҶּ˯ˡ
Сһʢ࣬Сһڵϣŵϵþûж
æСһԴԹԳԷҶձˣܱˣģʱҪǶˣҶ϶۵ġ
Сһ⻰һ߿ޱӣһߺ
ҲOʢһ룬ͽ˳
ҲЩɣһҹˣ尾ˡ
Ҷ仹ɫ԰׵ڳO˵ˣˮȲȥ
ҳԲ£ȣ⼸ձȰˡO̾˿˵ڳϵҪҶ䣬ѾûˣҶһܵȫΪ
ҿ㻹ǳԵɣľ㣬Ҫ֪Բ£ôˣҲѹ֪õʱɲܵ¡
O򴽰꣬λǽӹȵݹ룬𣿡
ǰ˭ܿ㣬ȻҲ㵲˵ԽԽС
OҲҹ£ҶԼһ˲£һ˲䣬˼ֻһֿܣҶѾϰʶ
Oۿ΢죬ȵ˵ͷеյ˴ߣٲҲóȥҪúչҶء
ôţOһڽһڿڵĳ
ȸƥιˮͲϣƥҲϢһ½ľ׵ƥϡ
ʰ˶СһҲ˳һ˱·ˡ
ʱҶһˮֻ˯˹ȥ
ҹ·ž·صԶһЩٱȺҵһֱȲһطš
ֻΪðᶯҶ䣬ȱСһȥ˯ŽOչҶ䡣
OһһҹûۣҲҶԺ˯˹ȥʱ򣬽OǱѵģֻԼǱһ̵Ļ¯һ
һۣ㷢˻Ҷɫ죬Ȼֿʼˡ
Oæҩ˹ҵҩ
Ҷ䣬Ҷѣǰҩ˯ңҡOҶҶԺۣʶȴԾûѡ
OûҩιҶú«ˮҩƬ͵Ҷĺ


77 
Ҷҩ±۾Ϣ, OǽıҶ䣬Ҷͦһء
һҹû˯ţɫʱ, Ҷûôˡ
ҲˣһѼ, ȸOҶ˽ȥ
, ȥ˯, չˡȼOľҲ̫ãæ˵
ã, ϵʱ, ûˡOҶࡣ
Ҷ, , Щ˯
ҶڽOʶĲ˲䣬۾Ķ
ӦϽԶ, ôˣϻ۲ۣOСʵ
ҶľԱո˵ʱ˲, ߿˽Oöˣô, Щˡ
Ȱ࣬ιȡO˵, Ҷ䣬Ҷ俿
O˹Ҷ, ԼO㿪, ιȱá
ãܶġҶֻǾ߼ۣĵطûʲô󰭣֮ǰߵļҲƤˣϢһһҹҶѾܶˡ
OҶ䲻ιۿٿĺʼܿƵİરવĵᡣ
ҶͻˣǶȣȥOᣬæúúãĺòãˣ۾ˡ
˵ţҶ仹ֱ֣O˲ᡣ
OԸԼιˣӣֹסᡣ
ҵĲ˲ᣬŴ룬СĵʢˣַĴ˲ιҶ䴽ߡ
Ҷ˵鷳ģǻߣʻȥˣְǿˡ
ҶֻڽOŰǼһѼ࣬һͳԹˡ
ҪȥʢҶյľ˲٣OҲŸˡ
ҶҡҡͷҪˣǸҰȽнһ¡
ʲôҪʲôҰáOں޲12ʱҶߡ
Ҷ֧֧˺ðΣСȥéޡ
ҡOճһ֣Ļ˵ˣ˵ҶȥţҶ䡣
OЩģһַҶһȥ̧ҶȣԼҶ䶼ܷѾֻ÷
ȥһȡOЩԼ̫С鲻ôõĳ
СһڻԵıԴҶˣСҲģӳϳˣСһҲ֧
~
OæߵСһǰԣ⼸ս˲㣬ԼҪԹԵĺòã
áСһͷӦˣ漴ʵҶôˣ
ҶѾ˺ܶ࣬Ѿˣֻǻš
СӣOֶȵȣϳһˡ
ã͹ȥ˵ţС
Ҷæ˵³һˣȥéޡ
ȸæͷȷʵOϾǸ󣬲Ҷһȥ
ˣұȥɣС˿ڡ˵žҪˡ
ҶæֹãҾۣܶˣñҹȥ
ôУˣ㻹ʵʵŰɣ㶼֪жൣ㣬ԼߣһҪô죿˵ţҲҶ˵ʲôһҶһֹҶ䣬Ҷᱧ
ǬԪټȴСǸɴֻģһЩ򵥵Ĺ˱Ҷʵɡ
һҶ㱻ȴϱ
ҶˣֻȷˤˣֲȶˣĶ˱³ġ
һģĻ
ȾҶھǸޣҶԼµأӲǰҶ䱧
OһֱҶȣȻ֪鼱֮£ﻹģҶǬԪôܱ˱ڻأ
뵽OǱһһѸٵջ
Լһ̫ˣҶԼûнôܰҶ䵱أ
OֻһζĶһֱҶ䱻±Oûջߣ򴽿ٻصϡ
ȼOˣæȳȥˣĲ˯һչҲһġ
Oæҡҡͷһ·ҶȷʵܺãΪ˵Ҫ˵ҶϲԼOһҲûо
ǰҶ俴ԼԾõԼ֣ԴҶ֮󣬽OҲûдҶпɫҶ俴ƽеǣйģΨûǬԪ
Լ¶ڵʱҶ䶼סԼOڶЩɣҶǳײϲˣҶ䱾ûȤ
Ҫ˵ϲԼҶΪʲôּξԼãԼôãԼһ
вκλرĺ
OԸˣھЩŮУƷлòܰεͷģҶԼ᲻ȤǻͲϲ
뵽OĴһĿھǱʲôסһЩ
ʵھҲܳЩǬԪǲϲӹ󣬷ϲǬԪ˻һ𣬽OҶЩӣ֪ҶǲҲܸܲҶ
OʲôأҶOҲ˵㿪ʵһЩҲýOЩ
Oæ̧Ҷ䣬ûоЩ𣿡
ţöˣ⼸ǲû˯ãȦôôڣҶOɫ̫ãæʵ
û£Ҳ⼸ҪϢ˯һɡO˵ţҶԼ
ҶʵòãԼڽOOۣڱϣϻб죬ԼֱڱϾͺˣãڳϾͺˡ
OĬĿҶ䣬ۿЩ
ҶˣæЭãһ¡
OŴչȥҶ䣬΢΢һ£ܿ£ȻҶ䲻ϲһ㽪OܹȷģǾҶ᲻Լᡣ
ԼһᣬҶЭˣȻҲһ
OԸҶ俿۾úϢɣ㡣
ãԼҲҪעϢҽĺöˡҶ
֪ҶOǵҲɢˣҲֻǻҶ󲻸ȤҲûȷ˵ҶϲǬԪⲻǻһ·ϵʱԼܸġ
߿˻ҶͼҶɫԺ˺ܶ࣬ȻҲûȥЩ߰Ķ
֮ǰаǬԪãʹǬԪӿָٶȣO˿Ҷ䣬΢ЩɣԼڲ¶ڣҪҶ
ֻ˼һ˲˺˲ĸҩҶΪԼԲҪԼʱʲôڣǿЦ
O룬溰ȣȱ
ã֪ˡȻ֪OҪӦǲԼСӹȥæӦ
ҶҲɻ̧ۣʵôˣ
û£Ǵŵ㣬۾˯ɡOߴٵ
Ҷ俴˽Oһۣ˵ôһҲȷʵˣֱ۾


78 
ʱ, ССɢһ
Ҷ䶼˯ˣһֻһЩ, һ㳹˯˹ȥ
OҶһ½Լĸҩá
ȰеĶʰ, Сӱ˳ϡ
Сһ֪Ҷ, ˳֮ԹԵ, Ҳ֣ССһڳС´ҶϢ
Ǽ, 緹Ե, Щٴ׷, һ·ûͣ, һֱ춼ˣȲ˴·š
Ҷһ˯ú㣬õ̶ȵ, ߵļ۵, λǶָĲˡ
ԺɫѾˣǵˣ
ϽǱ߸, ӦٹһձܵˡO͵
̫ڣO͵Ƶ, Ҷ΢Ӧһ£۾
棬Ѿж, ƿӱҶˡ
ˣоôˣϲʵ
ö, ⼸ͽOˡ
ֻ࣬Ҫû¾ͺá˵ţֳС֣ϻ˯òã
áСһԹԵȥ·Ҷʱ򣬻͵͵Ҷ伸ۡ
ҶСһգգ۾ҹձˣˣģ
ġСӼҶ侫˲٣ߵҶߣ߿Ҷļ򴦣Сʵ:Ҷ㣬𣿡
ҶЦЦˣձܱˡ
ٺ١Сһ¶Ц⼸ˣԷˡ
ȥɡҶ
ҮСһȰ˳
⼸СһﲻڳţڱţҶĺ˺ܶ࣬СһŻָյĻСȥ档
˱ȥ棬ּ򵥵Ĵһ˵ıӻѻѵ׼
OҶ䣬ˮʪ˽Ҷ
ҶҲ䵽˽OϣҽҹӦûˣһҹһҹĶңȻҪסġ
ţ֪ҽ˯ԱߣǺȻˣұ֪OͷӦȷʵҲЩŲסˣҪúϢȻҶ仹ûãԼҪˡ
Ҷһ£ڵ:Ҫȹңȥ
ϾOԼڶˣOӦǲԸ˯һģΪԼ潪OһOҲἰ£ҶŻ潪O˵˰ɡ
OȴһӵĶҶ䣬УȻţһк׷أɡ
Ҷ仹ΪO˳Ļأôĺ̫һ
Ҫ˯һ𣿡Ҷһ顣
O˵ͷţղΪóȥҲչ㼸գʲôеģ
Ҷ߿˽OοʵҲ̫£˵ԼԸΪ㵲ģûκιϵﲻ£ҲµɸҲҪκλر
Ҷ˵Ҳʵһ̫죬˷ӦͺͽO޹أ˵ˣԼҲϲ°ܱ˵ˡ
OҶһۣȻͼı顣
O򴽰꣬ѵʱԼ˯һҶһ㷴ӦûУ
OһζԼò˻ɣһǬԪһ㲻Ȥ⻹ͷһ
Ҫر£ΪЩҵ£ͻOһ˵ţһҶ˲֡
Ҷ֣Ҳûٶ˵ʲôҲԽOʲôһ˯ʵҲûʲô
ǺãǾͻҡҶ˵ţﹾ๾Ľ
O䣬ˣ
ţЩҶ䶼üûˣر⡣
O룬ʵﻹм𣿡
OţҶмĻȣֶ̲á
ҶƬ̣λǶŽO˵ͷ
һ̣ҶϾͳһֻļOｫǼ˹ȥ
ĳȺһȣϳ
ӦһæС˹ȥ
ЩɻĴӽOӹֻǴĶŪļء
ͱˣ֮ǵҶкôO
ãǾͷİɣˡ˵ţżȥɱˡ
СһߣȰμëʱСһһԼСһһѼëץ档
OѾҶ¿ոø㻻ҩˣ˳㿴˿ڳôˡ
ţٹձܲˡҶһԼ磬ǺۣƤۣû˵ͷҪ˵ͷˣ͹ŴҪˡ
Ҷ俿ڽOĿϢԼεʱ򣬺ϵͳĲʱֱʧȥʶ֪ϵͳ˵Щʲô
ʱ䣬ҶֱԺʵ09εʱ˵ʲôû塣
ϲףŮOǰøж40ǰʣһֵ117ף֧ˡϵͳĻеҶԺ˷ܵĺš
Ҷ䱻õһ˻~
OΪҶ˿ˣæôˣǲǳ˿ˣ
ҶæЦЦ˵û£ôš
ܲţ˿ôȻǵúúõеġOͬ˵
ãһúõҶЦЦ˵
ҶԼû뵽ԼһȻýO40ĺøжȣҶ˲;ԼڰѺøжˢ100ҲȫûܣһĴǣϵ˿ڶûôˡ
OЩԵĿҶ䣬ôͻȻһôˣôˣôͻȻôã
ûʲôǾý쾫˲٣е㿪ġ
𣿡OɻĿҶһۣҲû˵ʲô
һʱԺȰļ˽ڷʳԾ׷
Ҷż۾Ҫֱˣ̫ˣＱˮ
OȰ˹ϵ˺ôʢ⣬ιҶ䴽ߡ
Ҷſڳ£˵ǳζһЩɵõͷ޵óԡ
óԱЩȳһ룬ιԷOҶθںܺãҲŸЩҲܺõĿһЩ
šҶҲǶˣ޲öֱһڳ£ƫƫOӣιʱ˹ģÿһ׻Ҫһ
ҶЩȲĴߴٵOôˣֱιҾͺá
O߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ۰Ͱ͵Ķļͼ⣬ȴƫƫԲӾȻЩɰ
䣬ⶺԵ̫˶θãһһι㡣
ҶίͰ͵ƲƲ죬ԹĿһЦĽO
O䣬ˣ԰ɡ
˵ţӿιҶٶȣһ뼦꣬ҶžԼθиˣҲů
֪OҲûԶߴٵҲȺһ룬ιңȣǶ𣿡
ǣչˣ϶綼ˣҲιԱ˵Ҷӣ뵽ˡ


79 
O, ҶҲֻùԹԳŽOιļݷ֮һ˻һȣҶһٳԵر㡣
æߴٽO, ҲϽȳԶɡ
šOףҲȷʵЩ, ԼʢһЩͼ, O˹ĳ
Ҷ߿򽪽O, ͦϲOԷӵģ˹˹ĵĹֺÿġ
OŷܵҶ, ̧ʵôˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ, Цû, Էʱӻͦÿ, ң̻ʵġ
O䣬ҲûҶո˵Ļ, ֻǳԷʱעԼĶˡ
һ߳, ʱʱĿҶ䣬ͷҶ俴Ŀֻͣȷʵûм㺡
O΢Щй, һ׸ϹӿĸܣҶϺûǸ, ֻ˵ҶͲ롣
Oֻû˼ٵĳ˷, ڳʰ
һȥȰϴ, һǾ˯
ҶӦãȥæɣұҲûʲôˡ
OְҶѱӸǺˣŶŹ
ȥʱСڻ漦ëҽˣСһ˷ܵĲУ㣡
ԣ˾˯ǻø·ء
ŷСһץżëԹԵͷ
ǰѽOĹ˹ǸҰɣж㣬һ̶벻ˣ㻹ǻȥϽչɡ
O߿˿ǱߣҲȷʵҶ䣬ȵ˵ͷãˡ
û£ҵ˾ȵģЩӦõġ
O첽ص˳ϣͼҶԹԵڳԼˣҶ仹̧Դ˿
ĵ㣬ǧ˿ˡOæš
ú«ˮʪO˲Ҳɵ˱
յҶߣֻҶࡣ
ҶЩŤе㣬ȴOסˣһ㣬Ҷ㣬ˣܵһʱ֪
ǺðɡҶɰͰ͵Ļص
ʱ˯𣿡OͻȻʵ
ҶƬ̣ʵʵصͦģ;û
O΢΢ףְԼĸҩ˺һ̣һƮɢ˳
ҶͲˣе£ʶľζԾϾģҰôζ˼Ƭ̣ǽOζ
ҶüʵOǲйˣôһ
Oһۣɲų
ܰ㰲ú˯ɣˡ
𣿡ϾǼ˽ܵĶֲ¶ڣOԼ㣬᲻᲻̫á
ʲôõģֻʣ˰ˣܱˣԹԱ۾O߿
áҶԣı۾һİУһ˯˹ȥ
ǽO˯ûôȣҹȥ̽ҶĶͷҶҹﵹûзգְȵ˯¡
ڶһ磬ȱѼాˣOιҶ֮󣬱⿪Ҷϵı
ǱѾҶѪճһ𣬽Oû취ֻõһһŪʪСĽҶ˿ȡ
OɫЩףڿ˿ʱ̲סۿΨһҵǣ˿ڳúܺãҲûŧ
ҶOۿſҪˣæЦŰοûµģ㿴˿ⲻǳͦõٹձܶˡ
OҶ仹Цó򴽰꣬Ѿһһεôû£϶ۣ˿ôû²Ź֡
Oһ˵ţһǩմ˵Ҷ˿
ҶڵᣬȥOᣬˣ治ۣٹվȫˣһ۾ˡ
OҲ𻰣ôҶᣬԹԵĸҶõ
һζ֮󣬽OóˮϴʱҶرۣOЩԥóˮۿҶ䣬һҪ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷûϣªͦҪģû£סɡ
Ҷ˵򴽰꣬ҧŽOˮ
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ҶҲ۵Ļһ𣬶ð˲ٵ亹
Oæ˽Ҷôˣ𣿡
û£֮ٹٻҩá
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ʱ֮ҶǱϽķȥˣһʱ·Ͻĳţвٵɢǰ͢涨ӻĵصѡ
Ͻߵĳ浹йٸļֻǱΪЩٸƺҲû뵽ô
ȼ£ûкЩǼִ߱ܵݣ˵ǱûֻܵĲֻҪӣ򵽳ʳ
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ҶֻԼҰһԴӴɽկûϴ裬ͷЩճһϵζǲҶš
ٻҩʱҶ˿ѾòˣֻҪٹϼձܲߡ
OҶϵ˿ڣ˿
ɣҾ˵ܿܺãⶼòˡҶԼ˿ڻָٶȻͦģһԭ˿ûŧһҶúȪˮҲйϵ֮˿ϵٶǱͨ˿һЩҲû̫ס
OƳһۣҲúúţҶ
ðɡҶ̾˿˵ѾOϰˡ
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Ҷ洫߿򽪽O̽OҪҲȥԷɣΧܰȫҵҲ˺ܶˣȥ͸͸òã
Oʵ̫ȥҶȾ纮ǼҶһͰ͵ӣOˣҶ˵ͷţ˷͵ûسôůһЩ
СҶ۾ˣܳȥŷŷˡ
ȵȣҷ㡣OҶ䣬ӲǰҶƿӡ
ҶСĵĴӳŲȥѱȥ
ȼҶˣҲܿģˣǲ˿ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷмӦñܲˣ⼸ڳţ˶Ҫùˡ
ҲôţȻ˷纮ô죿OԱѵ
Ҷ䲻֨ˣڹ齪OܣҲ֪ΪʲôôOĻ
ĵ滹˰ײ˿Ҷ䲻ԣʢһ롣
ҶѧСŵʯͷϣֳԣֺúõģСһﻹ֡
Ҷ׼ʢǰʯͷϵ㱻OˣӸҡ
Ҷһ£ǲOȺضܳԷ治鷳ˡ
OֱĶҶ䣬ָ˹ӣҡ
Ҷ˽OߣЩסİֵӸ˽O
O⣬ʢһӷιҶߡ
ҶպˣôһˣȻñιԷֻܶ
Сһ棬һ߳Լĳһ߿Լҽ㻹ҶԹϡ
ҶίͰ͵ſڳ£ͷͼСһЦҶʱҸطȥ
ٺ٣ҶùԣýιԡСһ￪ĵ˵
˵ҶˣؼǣСһĻȵ˹Oĵڶ׷Ѿι˹ҶһΪ飬һ߿Ͱ͵İѷˡ
ίĿŽOOȴûҶͰ͵һһ׽һ׵ι
Ҷûʱ򣬽O䴽ǡ


80 
Ҷ䶼, ֪OҪιԷ϶³ں, СӺȶԼιҶھޡ
Oѹʰ, תȥҶ, ͼҶԾɿͰ͵Ĵ, Oü䣬Цôˣôû񡣡
Ҷҡҡͷû, ǻȥϢɡ
Ҷһ, OǱЦ, Ҷ, ˡ
ȻصϣOſڵڳϳԷƫƫҪȥ, º˰ɣ
ҶͰ͵ĵͷ, ˣӳûˡ
OʧЦĿֲʲô, ιԷҲûʲôϢɡ
˵, OҶȥ
ҶǳʵˣOĻֻҡ
˯ʱ, OԼͷųܸҶ, Ҳ˿ڵϡ
Ҷ⼸Ҳϰһ˯
һգҶϱ쵽ݾˣϵʱҶסڽһƬΧҲиǵ񣬵ݣǮʳҲܰסˡ
ĳOҶϵɴҶϵ߲ˣõˮ˿ҶѾоʲôʹˣ˿Ѿúܺˡ
ɴհɣȹճ׺ˣٰɴȡ¡Oڵ
Ҷ˵ͷţģյݳǣúҸطһ£ҶҰˡ
ֹҶ䣬OҲһǶþûϴˣOѵҲܼϴ裬ϵ˿ڻա
˶ˡҶ䶼ˣò׵ϴĵطOϴ
һ̾͹ȥˣҰͷϴˡҶŸղߣOôҲղС
Ҷ̾˿Ǻðɡ
Ҷʵ⼸ѾȶˣҹǲᷢգǽO⼸ԾǺҶסһģҶһסOɲġ
Ҷŵʱ򣬽OҲֱߵĶãɵҶԱߡ
Ҷ룬ݣǾʱͬʱOҲ˻ȥţȹ£ȶˣԼٴŽOСӻؾȥ߾Ǳ˹ӽOҲС
ֻһԼû취ŽOˣҶĺøжڲˢ40⻹ǰһ֮ĽҪˢ100кܴѶȵģû԰ѽOͻȥźã˵·ϻһøжȡ
ȵݣʱҵطסϼ£ȱߵƽˣؾȥҶ룬Լ뷨˵˳
ţأԺʲô㣿O״Ʋʵ˫֣һ
ʱûã֮Ȱƽƽͻȥ˵Ҷ˵ҲʵҲˣϣȥĶһȿøжܲˢ˵Լ͵øˣǱҲȫûˡ
Oһ壬ҶǱ߿ȥɳĹ̫OҶɫ
򴽣ʵǵô죿𣿡
Oʵ֮ЩڣҲЩֲҶøΪλΪģ̹׵˵OҲûúҶһ׼
ҶOôʣҲƬ̣Żصֻǿи޵ͷģʲôûպҪϲˣȻ㡣
OҶĻǵûоÿģĪĶµûţתҶ䣬ֻҶһӰ
Ҷ⻰˵ģôͺԼһоûУOԽԽԭЩʱգԶԷøеֻԼҶԾǸӡ
ôһ룬Oˡ
ҶҲOھǱ߻иOôԼòǺԼռȵɣ
Լɲˣ㵽ʱøжˢҲû취£ֻ̹ȻܣŲһŵ¡
ģҲˣǿռ㲻ŵġҶ½O룬ֲһ䡣
Ȼ󱳶ĽO͸ˣҶǶһռûУO˵ʲôܣ֮ɬģҶûϣ˭һӣ
ҶOûֽ˽OOO
OûԼҶСô˯ˣ
Ҳû룬ȻO˯ˣɴҲ˯ɡ
Ҷôţı۾׼˯⣬ûһҶ˯ˡ
Oȴ˯ˣȥ˰죬ȥҶʱ򣬼ҶѾ˯ˣOˡ
Ÿղ˵ЩֻԼһ£ҶС
O˼ʵҶСȡ
Ҷ䱻OһŵˣԺ̧ͷʵôˣʲôˣ
Oһû£ո˯Ŵˣ̫ˡ
ɣûдϰߡҶЩŵ˵
ôûУҾˡ
úúãעһ˰ɣҶֱ۾
ʱҶ˯˹ȥĩյϰߣҶʲô¶ܿ˯
OΪһûô˯ãҶ䣬棬һȦûС
ҶѾԼԷˣϳԷʱҶͲ˲ԾOôҶҲԼ͵˽O
緹ҲȥһOڳС棬ҶһԿ档
һ·ݳǣҶƿ⿴ȥǿ˽˺̷ûôˣȻˣҲҶһʳ·ġ
Ҷɴƿ˳ȥڵһõɣҸطϢ
򴽣Сʵˣס𣿡
ǱСҶǰǧɲһСĿ㹻ЩʱյĻˡ
Ǿͺáһӣûôˡ
ҶָһҿջҰɣջ
áƥڿջſ˳
ҶҲȥ׼ȥջСӭ˳ֻǼȵĴʱСסü
òǰЦλ˿Ҫסꣿ
Ҷ˵ͷпͷҪɡ
УϷһ䷿һһ졭ĻСû˵
ҶҲˣⲻûǮ
æӻһӳЦӣˡ
ﻰ룬롣СҶǮӭ
ãǵðι˵ţҶʮǮͣС
СϵЦҶǵ̬Ҳˡ
OСҲ˳Ҳ˿ջĻƣһ˽˿ջ档
ƹļСӭˣҲûж˵ʲôæλ͹ҪԷסꣿ
ס꣬ͷɣȥ׼һϴˮһٳԷ
ϣλ롣СæҶ¥
ͷǰŵģOҶѵ㻹ϴ裬ǶЩˮҰͷϴҲˡ
ҶƲƲ죬Ǻðɡ
˵ţֶСǾ׼ϴˮҵķ䣬Ҷ˼ˮϴϴͷ
ϣλԵȣϾͺá


81 
ȵ, ϴͷˮȻҽǣٶˡOҶԼϴĻ˿ڣ㿪
, С˰ＸλϴˮС˵ţȥæˡ
OСһ˷, ǵҶ, ҶҪͷЩ, Ҫ˵ֻҪĻȷʵЩףϾҶѾˣԼٺҶסһ, ȷʵЩ˵ȥ
ʱ, ĻǱѷľͰﵹˮ, ׼һĶ, ʹá
OСӵ˵ߣˣȥϴ, 㿴, Сˡ
ٺ~СһﱻȤҲĵֱ֡
ľͰˮ̫Oûһľ, Сһľ׼ˮ
OСѵĹģŵľ, Сһ￪Ļˡ
OЦҶҰϴСϴİװ׵, òã
ãСһ̾
OִϴСһϵĺڻ, 󻹰Сһͷϴˣ֮СӣǱ˰ӡ
OСһﴩ£ȥԼˡ
֮󽪽OæҲԼϴ˸裬ûСһö٣ͷOϴ˺ðϴɾ
̾˿ţҲѹҶ·ûԵ˼Ҷ̫ˣ㺺Ҳ
ȽO˸ɾȹȥСһͷˣOСӻ·㱧СһȥҶķſڡ
OչȥţҶ䣬ҽˡ
ãûء
OűСӽҶķ䣬ҶҲϵһ·ȫˣֻϴȷʵзգҲֻˡ
ȥˮO˵űȥһˡ
СһǿĵܹȥסҶĴȣҶ˵СӱСӣü䣬ϴ裬øɰˣǲǣ
ǣСһҶǿĵĲҶ
ʱOľĻƽˣûǰľ£뿪ˡ
ˣȥŰɣɣԴҺðϴO
Ҷ俴˿ϵСӣǾΪ飬ҪԼɣء
ʲôֻǰϴͷѣ˾Ϳˣ˵㻹ҰϴĵطO̧Ҷ䣬ʵ
ҶæҡͷûУûУҪǰȷɣڵĻҹֲġ
OʧЦҡҡͷУҰߣ˰ɣ
Ҷæͷɲ뱻СӶţһЩ黹
OεİСһﱧ˸ȷ䣬ſ÷ţȣȥҶϴͷܰտһ𣿡
ϾͱˣãպҲʰˣҰɡ
˵ţȾͰСһ˹ȥ
OŻصҶ䷿ˣ͹ȥˣ¿ϴ˰ɣ
šҶŰȹѵɵ˴ϡ
OǰһӹȥľŵϣҶͷͷֱܴľ㽪Oϴ
ҶﻹЩ˼ЩʱգOûչ
Ҷ۾ŽOһоԼķ˿ˮʪˣOͷʱʱİŪĭͿĨͷϣЩطķ˿Ϊ̫ûϴˣճһ𣬽OһһЩ˿ֿŪҶ䡣
Ҷͷ򽪽O˵Oӻͦÿġ
OƺҲҶڿ̧ҶӣôˣŪˣ
ûˣЩ춼չҡҶ彪OЦЦЩ΢΢̣ҶʲôģֻǾýOԼЩֲ˼ġ
O䣬࣬ҲΪҲܵˣͷҰúϴϴ
е㡣
O˴ϴȣʱʱİҶ䰴ĦһͷƤҶĲ˯˹ȥ
O˯ˣʧЦҡҡͷϴһ֮󣬽OˮҶúõĴϴһ飬ýסҶͷͷɡ
ˣأҪҪҰæOûȥҶ䣬򴽰꣬װԼæӡ
Ҷȷʵ˼鷳OҪ˰ɡ
Ҳãҽ˰ˮ˳ȥO˵ţȥҵĻˡ
Ҷͷ΢һɣҶ˱¥ȥԷˡ
˵һ·ҲûţǵʲôеĿջҶ仹ǵһӵķˣСӿ۾ˡ
öóԵġСһﲻɵľ̾
ĸҰССһԼӣOСһԷ
ҪǸ⣬ǸӡС۾һ߶棬һ˵ϰϵ˶˵һ顣
OʧЦҡҡͷɴÿСһŪһЩ
СһԵı࿪ˡ
ҶҲĶˣƺõĲˣOιˣȻ˵ʲôҲ߳Եġ
Ҷ佫Ѱ׷һԣûһһ뷹ͳԹˣڶ뷹Ҷѡ˰һԡ
ԭҶһΪֵߣٵ˶ڿǣҶȳԷĶһջߡ
òȻû˵ǳԷʱǶͶ̥һֱųԵģСҲǣСصĳԸͣ
СһԱˣOԱԼ棬ſʼ˹÷ˣOԷƺֱ̬Ǳˣ滺αֱҶǳԷƺÿ˲֪ٱ
ΪԾʱʱO߿ȥû˸ҹȥµģϾǵǬԪ
ҶԱ˵ʱ򣬿ջǰһ˵ˣһ˱ڿջｲ˹¡
ĶǱֵ飬˲˵ע⡣
ҶҲһ߳һ˵һ飬ֻһĹǰ浯ãŲ֪
ҶҲſ˹ȥͼĹɴ۾ϰҲѿǹӦɫ
Ҳһ棬Ҷһ˹ȥ֮ǰֻԱҵˣ˵ˣֿջԷ˵ǵһΡ
OԭԵĺúõģв̧ͷʱ򣬱ŵǬԪȫ䵽ǰŮǱߣ˿ûҪջߵ˼
Oһ̧ʵÿ𣿡
ÿÿʶĻص֮ǰûɲ;ú
ҶҲʶĵ˵ͷһ·Ϲ̫ˣĶõЩ˵顢ģҲú棬ϰ廹ͦģĿˡ
ǬԪ˼ҳĹ￴ȵǻ˵ҪҶ䣬Oǲ⣬Լòѵᱻ˱ȥ
ҶҪҲӦǶԼŶԣOŻеģһģôȥˣ
OҶ룬ҧѵԷͳԷ𵽴ҿ
Ҷ䲻Եջ ⲻǿ˼ұݸĿ𣿸ղ˵ͷվǱ˵飬Ҳͷ˰죬ôûOԼ
ȻO˵ˣҶ仹ǺջߣԹ԰Ƿ
ҶʵˣO⡣
Լһ鸮ĹŮţҶ䲻ԼȥˣʲôOǲģҶѾˡ
O䴽ǣҶ


82 
չȥ, Ҷϵ˿ѾõĲˣһҶͳȥûƸ׼ϴˮֻٲϴ˶Ҫùˡ
Oж, ҲſſҶʲôҶԸС׼ϴˮ, OЩġ
ϵ˿ȫˣ
, ҸղŰɴ, ȫˡҶæͷľԼٲϴҪˡ
O򴽰꣬תС, , ԼԹԴһ, Ͼͻ
ŷСͷӦ
OյҶ, ҶЩ㲻Ҫʲôʵôˣ
ٿһ˿ڣǲġO˵, ҶصҶķ
OüҶ, Ѱɡ
ⲻðɣҶСһ䣬ȻͱOˡ
룬Լ´, ȹȥֱ¶, ¶˿
O˹Ҷ˿ڣҲ֪ǲҶһֱȪˮԵ, ʮ׳˿Ѿܵˣܿǳɫһߡ
O˰, ȷҶĺˣ̧Ҷ䣬ͼҶⶼ͸ˡ
ҶЩڵһԼϴ˰ɣ
O˵ͷţˣȳȥˣϴ裬ȥӡ
áҶæͷӦ
һʱߣҲһֱסڿջҶһԺס˽Ҳá
ʱϴˮ׼ˣҶ˻ͭǮСѣ˶ˡ
Լϴ˸裬ְͷϴһ飬Żһɾȹ
ͷˣҶȥýOǵķˣOˣȥӡ
áOӦһСһñӣСһ˳
ҶǱѾȽгˣһ¥ȥ
ǰЩҶһרŰæ⡢ӵĵִ̣н࣬ǼҵϰǸʮŮǬԪžͺܾ
Ҷһֱȥϰ壬ǵ֮ǰҪסԺӵˡ
ǵãǵãոպǼ˼Ժ䣬ԿҲˣλҹɡϰ˵ŰСˣҶһԺȥ
⴦ԺӵλãǿͽŽֱߣűǾ¥̣ǮҲ΢һЩһҪӡϰ˵Կ׽ԺŴ򿪡
ǿԺˮҲõȥˮһһǰƫʹķһ䣬м仹һСԺӣСԺ档ϰĵĽܵ
Ҷ˵ͷֵȥ￴
ȥɣӶûţֱžܽȥϰЦ˵
Ҷƿ˷ţͼ¹ľЩĶУľʲôĶУֻҪһЩճõıֱסˡ
˷䣬Ҷȥ˳ĹҲڣֻҪһЩճõĶɡ
ҶﻹͦģϾˮһʡ˺ܶ鷳¡
ϰЦʵôɻٿﵹǻмԺӣû⴦ãԺҲûˮȥٽֵˮˮ
Ҷ߿򽪽Oʵأ
O˵ͷǲȥҲܷ㣬ȻͶɡ
ãģϰ壬ǾͶɣԺǾͲȥˡҶЦ
ϰЦЦҶȤû뵽֪ұֱ˺ˡ
ҶЦȸµķǮ⸶ϰһӵнѣֶ֮˶ΪѺ
ҶϰصС־ݣõ־֮Ҷ·СԺ
ŪˣǿҪЩʲôһˣ˶ûؿջǵؾǵʱ˵ء
ãȻȥʰOҲ˵
ǣǼһʱѿջĶţᵽСԺ
Ҷ佫ж£ƥ˨СԺмһϡ
˳ȥ˸طЩȥճƷˡ
ҪõĸֵζƷȵȣµĴ죬ҶһѻһϴõĴľͰʹľ衣
֮æµһ磬ǰСԺʰ룬Ҫסӡ
OãǸĸ㻹ھǣƺҲ
ʰԺʰ̫ˣϣҶȥľ¥˾Ʋ˻׼ףһŵĵط
ҶȻȥʱɫˣҶţOǻˣǿһš
ŷ𻰵СӣԺ棬СһȥҽOˣOڷϴ¹
㣬Ҷǻ~СС˽
OæСһһȥţСһҲͶˣҶŵĶСһ۾ˡ
Ҷ㣬ʲôóԵѽ
ϲԵ⣬иֵĲƷ㣬׼ϲԡҶЦ
ٺ~СӿĵĲУż˽ǰ
ǰյ͵ƣҶǽģرá
ҶȽķʳȫϴɾװãһͰڷһӡ
ôôܳԵ𣿡OһӵĳԵĶˡ
òܳЩˣȻǵöһЩģ㿴ǻ׾ƻһһһЩףŵĵطҶЦ
ҮҮСһﵹǺ˷ܡ
ֻǵ̫ˣСֻԼҽ㻳ܹõ
ҶհСһͯרΣϾٻס£СһԷʱһֱţҲ̫
ҶҲֱ꣬ҶǰڷűӣҶ˵׾ơ
ҲȾơO̧ڵ
ûϵⶫܵͣġҶЦ˵
Oŵ˵ͷƽȻûкȹƣֻҶƵζOûٺȣ뵽Щ΢΢졣
OæСι
пѼѬը㣬֮ȫСϲԵĶ
СһԵĹҵġ
ҶҲϵĶ࣬ҶȵķҲ󣬵ǲ˷̫ණ
OСι֮Լſʼ
ҶıӣЦףǽհ¼ңһһ
áOҲŰѱӾһڣȻҶ˵׾Ƶľζܵ׵ζ
OţܾúҶƺúȡ
뵽OĶٿĺˣôˣôЩ߰Ķ
ΪΣOɴѱ׾ȫȹˣֿʼԷ
׾ƵζģҶûٺȣO˺ü
ֻǵ˳ԵĲˣOȴЩͷΣֵԴ۾΢΢
ҶüģʵOôǣ
ͷΡO߿Ҷ䣬ȴܾҶӰ˻ԴǿҶ䡣
ǰɣˣҶ䶼ˡ
ֿ˿ԱߵȣͼҲúõһҲûС
еˣȥϢɣ˯һͺá
Ҷ˵ͷȥO㱻Oס
O۾ʪĶҶ䣬Σöͷ˲ҶֱۣǺһ㣬ץҶֱ۲š


83 
ôˣҶ価ʵ
Oͮͮ, ҲЩľƲúȡ
Ҷ䴽ǳ˳飬úȽOҲһûٺ, Լˡ
Ҷ֪ܺͺƵ˽Ƣ˳ŽOĻӵ, ´β˺ò, ط, Ѿơ
ûOӣͷҶֱϲ˲䣬С, Լкúȵ, Һȡ
ǶûаҶ䶼, ԼռľƶǴɽկõҾ, ϶ѺȣզƸOȣ
㻹ϣС, Ҫ, ζơ
ĻO˵ģҶû, Ǹ˽O˵ʲô
Щ΢΢̣ǲԼζ𣿽Oôǵ, 뽪Oϴ¶Ѿȥ˺þˡ
ҶԼЩ̵Ķ䣬һżǽȲ, ȷȥϢòã
ã, ãҾҪƣȻĶȥOίİͰ͵ĿҶ䣬һҶ䲻ȣҪֵģ
ȱСӣһ߶֨ˣӡOƽϲˣɴûOʧ̬ӣͦġ
СҲĽζҶ㣬
Ҷòٽȥˣ㿪ڼҲУȻ˷Ҿιȣòã
ģOɢˮץҶ
ģԹԸһط䣬ȻơҶţȰ˺ȥ˾ͺ˵ˡ
Һȥ㱧ңվˡOί˵˵ﻹЩζ
ҶȺСЦæŽOվԼ
Ҷһط䣬Ķ֪OվҲʵ˫ۻסҶĺҶ仳
~Ҷ䣬ҲҪߣұȥOֻԼͷεһԼ 
Ҷʵĺˣصãһ㣬Ҷұȥɿһ£Ȼû취㡣
Oԣɿһ㣬ҶһڽOĺһֹס˽O䣬˴ᱧ
ƫƫOʵЩĶҶ䣬Ҷ࣬һ󣬳ҶЦƢãЩǬԪһ
ЩǬԪ֮⣬ĸ۸ڶȻװӣһģƲЩ󣬴ǵĿڴƷһ
ҶǬԪһҶƢ㶼ãOţֳҶЦЦֻҶࡣ
ù԰O૵
Ҷһܲ𣿻ǸϽȰͻطɡ
ţҶæŽOȥСƺûŴ۾Լҽ㷿Ǳ߿
ȶˣЦСӣ˵飬ܿ𣿡
ССԴһİȻٺ٣϶ҪҶҧҧȥˣϴҶˡ
ɶǸʱô㣿˶סˣǰɣҲ̫Ұ˵ɣôСӿɿأ
СһĿڵס۾ģҲԹˣǿˡ
СһﱻԼЦˣֻСſѧԼ۾ӣСֵָô˺ûʲô
СѧˣæСһﱧˣԺɲ͵ˣ˵飬СӲ֪֪ܿ
֪С¶һڰɵĻص
̾˿Ҷ˵һ£ԺǸʱ򣬿ɲСһ￴ˣҲ̫ըˡ
һߣҶ䱻OǼűŽO䡣
ҶǿýŽŹϣѽO˴ϣȴOš
ҶȥO֣Oͺۿһ¶УСҵأƣƣҪƣҡ
OĹҶĺ󾱣ҲʵҶȲߣֵĵģOҶ󾱵˫ۻڲսҶ˶ſOȥˡ
ƢȰɿҺòãɿҾιƺȣԣ̫ˣ
ĸҺ𣿡OȻˣһ裬ҲҪõ϶Ĵ˵
ġҶæص
úŪһȶ˾ƹӦòѣȽOɿOѱӸǺãȻˡ
Ķ֪ԼһĹ򣬽Oһ㱻˽OϣҶǳſ˽OϣO˫ۻĺ󾱣Ҷý
ǣO㱧̫ˣɿһ£ˡҶε˵
ƭˣҲŲأɿˣȲˡO˵
Ҷ䶼ЦˣOôͦģ֪ɿˣԼҪܡ
Ҷ䶼֪ÿ޻ǸЦˡ
ûƭ㣬ɿˣҾ͸ȡҶֻӺյ
ֲŲ㡣O˵ţǼҶĲ˲䣬䵽Ҷڡ
˸ҩҶ仹ǱģOҲҡ
ҪҪƣţƵζOǼȥԽǿҩƵζԽŨ
Щĵֱȥﻹģ㲻ҺȣԼá
˵ţOѸҩ˺ˡ
˻OˣҪˡҶ䲻ýOıǼսȥOֱۣ
̧ͼOۿˣۿתأͺҪһ
Ҷε̾˿ȷʵǼýOᣬҲֻ֣šúúãȱȣֻҪ޾ͺá
⻹ࡣO˵ţ˫۱ѾҶĺ󾱣ȥҧһڣƵζӿ˽
OһƣҶ󾱵ֱ۲ϵսʱʱȥקҶȹ
Ҷ˶ˣҲͽOռˣҪǻˣͶˡ
ﱻOҧţO˱ʱʱʱɨҶϱһЩ͵Ĵߴٵ𣿺ܲɿң̫ܺ࣬Ȼһĸˡ
OȴǸҶĻֻ֪úȣ˱ҧͣ
ƫƫOޣҧһˣҶѹOĴһ˵һ߲ҶأҪ˯
ȵҶĲϣҶĲ඼պˣǣҪǺȵĲˣҾˣⲻ̫ʡ
УҾҪҪҶ㱧ȥ棬~OȥţO糺Ĵʱʱɨ棬ÿɨһΣҶһƫƫµ˻޲
Ҷ̾˿OˣֻŽOĺԼͽOת˷ýOſ
OλûˣĵĲУҶ࣬ĵĿ޵ԡ
˵ţչȥҶһڣȥ 
Ҷ䶼ޣ֪OƷãҲû뵽O׾ƶܺȳҪ֪ҲOȾơ
ڵˣԹԱOҪޣҶǲֻƽãˣԼһڣOľƷĺܲ


84 
Oһ, ƺǾòˣ㽫ҶĲȥƫƫʵ, ʱʱĻҪҧһڡ
Ҷ䶼ޣƽO, , ˰ɣ
Oȴû, ҧһ֮󣬻~óԡ
Ҷε̾˿, ˭Ⱦ, ôOŹŮ, ˾ƻӣ
Ȼ, ûҶ䣬ҶֻԾȣס˽O, , ˣԹԼ˯ɡ
~ҪҪҡO˵, Ҷ󾱵ֱս˸ſҶϲ, ﻹͣҪһ˯㰡
Ҷٴ̾, ҪǽOˣҶ䶼ҪɽOռˡ
ϵĽO, Ҫطˡ
Ȼ󽪽Oͱøˣ겻ܲ˵Ҷ䲱ҧһڣ㲻ҶٸҶұҧˣߺߡ
˵ţOȻһҧ£Ҷ䵹һױҧʵˡ
УôǰɣҪO˾ô˵ԼĲڹƶҧĲܿˡ
ҶĹĵĵ˻һۣǿ޽Oôأűҧ¡
һֱOҧˣҶ̽ԵϵˣʵҲˣҧҲҧˣһȥ˯˰ɣţ
У˯ҡ
ٺĻҶˣ֮O˶ϣˡ
Ҷ˶ˣֻܺƢĺţãҲУȰЬ˺òãǸϱӺú˯
ţ㲻ܡOԾɹҶĺ󾱣Ҷ仳ﲻԸ
Ҷû취ѵĳ𴲣˵ЬˣűŽOɺã˱ӡ
Ҳ߲ˣ˯˯ɣԼҲԽOʲô
ʵҲȷҶʵʵOȴûôʵһһҶ࣬һȥקҶ·
ҶµڶOקһƬҶæס˽O֣ǣٲֹ͵ײˡ
һ㣬˯˯·Ҷ侯ĿŽO˵
Сһ·СOıԼҶĲ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣOһԼڶקˣҶٲŵϵˣԼǶĴӶñˡ
̾˿ҶѽOְ££Լ ű۾׼˯⣬Ȼһ룬ھֱҧˣţóԣóԡ
Ҷ˶ˣһֻ΢״̬ҶﰲοԼҲǵһαҧˣO󣬾͵Լˡ
ôţҶ̬ƽһЩ
Oҧһƺˣ˯˹ȥ
ҶҲˣ뿴罪Oʲô飬ҶĹĵĵ˻һۣҲ۾
Oһ˯ϸޱȵɣһ˯˯͡
ȶСǰ緹ˣҶͽOҲû
ƲƲ죬ͽӦͦҵģ˻ûء
СԺﱧȵĴʵҽôѽ̫ɹƨˡ
˼ӦûæɣһСӾͱˡһСһԴ˵
æʲôѽҧҧȥ𣿡Сһһʵ
۾ˣæһƣ˺˵ģˣˣҴط档
ҶǷٴ㲻ĶɱְСӽ̻ˣæСһˡ
˿̵ķ˯ͨ泩ĽOˣԼģʶĿһۣȻͶҶԹĿ⡣
OҶһæסԼؿڣüʵôҷ䣿
Ҷ䶼ƣʵĺðֺȶƬǰɣ費ҪҰһ㶼˵ʲô
Ҷ¶һƤЦⲻЦı飬ֱĶŽO
Oһϵȹûб˶ĺۼϵĸҩҲĺúõģûб˺
O䵽ҶϣͼҶĲȫǵĲݮĸҩ˺ڶкüӡҶڻţһǱҧȵӡ
ٿҶȹºµ챻קˣѩ׵ļ֣ܿǶӣȻһ۸˵ӡ
O¿ˮﰲοԼЩ϶ûϵ
ʲôûɣƽ˯ʵģЩ϶ŪġO˵棬ԼԽԽСԼ˵Ŷ顣
ҶôĿŽOһҾͿӡ
ˣܲԼҧİɣҶ䶼OŮЦˡ
˵ţҶ仹Լ·һۣڵҪԼקڣҽ׶ˡ
OɫٿĺСҺˣƿ
һۿҪôµȥֲ֣ǲ֪ҼޡҶ̾˿Լקҵȹúһ
OҶ⻰ȴͻȻ̧ͷҶ䣬ǲԾĹ˹֪Ҷ϶رġ
OֹʵԵأ
ǿ϶类һӳȥˣֲɵռ˱˻֪㣿ҶıԹ
OϵЦȴЩ̧Ҷ䣬´βˣ۲ˣˡ
Ҷ䲻վӶ֪ˣOû˱ҧ֪ͺãߣͻ۸ҡ
ھȥˮȽһ㲻ˣҡO˵űæ˳ȥ
ҶǶһĲݮӡͰ͵ĿܳȥĽOˣͽOƽϡ
ʱԺϴĽOľص˷
Ҷ仹ڴϣOæʪ˹ȥҶϣ𣿡
е㣬ҧôã۲Ź֡Ҷ䶢ŽO
OЩεЦЦҲ֪ԼȻֺȶ˾ռ˼ұ˵ˣҶ䡣
ϵĶᣬýҶڻвϵĲݮӡ˲ʵҪϴ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷľˮϴһ£ֳȥ򵥵ôΰˢˢ
ҶԺʱҲСӳˣСһвסͳҪԺˡ
Ҷ䣬СӱıĳҶ˹ȥҶ㣬ôѽ
ҶһƣţŪġ
°£СһȻ˵ı飬ͽҧҧȥˡ
ҶһСһѵСӿɱҥ㵥ҧңҿʵʵʲôûɡ
ٺ~СһﱻСӣĵΧҶȥ
Ҷεҡҡͷ׼Ժһʱ򣬾ͼĿ
Ҷ俴һۣʵ㿴ʲôأ
ȶˣϵı൱һѾָָҶĲջǰִûҶ˵ʲô
û뵽ƽôŪӣڶˣȶֱˣû뵽ڴϵʱȻǱ۸һ
ҶҲע⵽ȵߣһת˻⣬һԵ嵭İɣĢⶡòã
ãС˫ָ͡
OҲӷˣڵ緹ɣҶúϢһ¡
߿Ҷ䣬ֿOϵı൱һѾ
Ҷ䵹ͬ⽪O˭۸Լأ
緹ǽOһģҶԺһӾľͷЩľͷռļƳϵģЩƳôˣСһͯΡ
ҶôģִС˶ӡӵȹ߻
ѧִͯεӣСһҲһεһк涼ðӵţֹСһȥǰҶҲŪһˣСӵܷϣ׵ȥ֮⣬Ҷ仹һ̨Сǰ൱ԴһСӣԷͷˡ
Ҷˣᵽǰʱ򣬽OҲˡ
Ҷ䱧СӣЦӺòá
ҮСһ˷ܵȥҶ滹һ棬ƨɡ
Сһǿģһһεģˡ
OȰ˹СһһݣŵԴСϣСһӳ
OҶ棬ЦҴǰûȷʵСҲ׵ȥ
ȻǺеĶͯΡ
СԼԷOҲιСһˡ
ȣһ߳ԷȴԾʱʱĿԼ˵Ĳ
ô͵ʶĺµĶ˶Ҳס
Ҷȫ֪ԲʲôԼԵ㡣
Ա緹ҶϴĻOǱСһ˷Ϣ
ʱҶڲף½ҩãųȥнOȡ
Ҳмʱˣһֱûкúóȥ֣ҶŴ˳ȥߡ
СһһҪϽ棬˷ܵԺȥ
ܣСˤˡOЦ
СȦһѱסҶĴ
Ҷɴ౧СӣСһȥȺͽOҶҲԺӡ
󣬽OԺãŸҶһͬȥ
ʱЩ䣬ȴ֣·ֳʳ̯ӣǺ«ġ
СһǺ«۾û뿪棬ֻСֱҶҶ㣬Ǹʲôѽ
ҶĻܲףЦǸǺ«һòã
ҮСӵȵľ
Ц̯ӣOǺ«Ҳ࿴˼ۣⶫھǵʱֻⶫоճԵĶʵûгԹҲ֪ⶫʲôζ
ҶǲȤСʱÿγȥųԣˣ򽪽Oȵʱ򣬾ͼ˵СҲ˶٣񶼺ԣ
ҶȻҲ𣬱ʵϰ壬Ǻ«ô
͹ۺ۹⣬ҸոģʵأɽҶȥ˺ˣСҲֱҧųԣ±ֻǮһܱ˵ġϴš
ҶȻأʤڸɾ㿪ڵǸɣ˵㡣
ϴҶҪЦСôǮ˵㣬13ͭô
СҶˬĸǮЦſ򽪽OȣҲһһⶫģͦȤġ
˵ţҶ͸СһִԲģҪٲСãСһĿˮҪˡ
ҰţιԺòáҶСһòôǺ«Ц˵
ãҶιҳһСһﶼˣ˵ŴС졣
Ҷ䱻Сһﶺˣæι˹ȥСһһҧϣ¹ɽһھͽС׽£Щɬɽ髣رĺóԣСһһѾš
ȿ˿ԵСһҲЩߵѡһҲˣ
СʱܳԵǵһѩˣĸ׸˼ϴ·׬һЩͭǮʡһָǺ«ԣʱһ󣬻֪ĸֻ֪ͣǺ«ܺóԡ
һרۣҲϾҪʮˣĸҲѾˡ
ƲͷȥҶǿЩۿҧһڣǺ«ģǶʱζá
OȶˣԼҲһһڣûͦóԵġ
ǰܵϣǳЩĳʳֻ˵Щɾԭⶫôóԡ
OɵĶ
СӸǳԵҶ䶼СһԳˣʵܳԵ𣿳ԲǾͲ˺òã
СӸæҡͷҪ~
úúã㡣ҶСһ
ιСһ߱ߴչһǺ«ҶƬ̣ǽOǺ«ι˹
ŽOҧһڣ𣬻㲻Ҷ䲻̫ԣţóԣ԰ɣҽι
СһԼ͸һǺ«ˣҶŸСһ˲졣
ߵ˵С̯λǰСһסҶӣҶ㣬Ǹʲôѽ뿴
װ׵СԴҶҶʹӦãǹȥ
Ҷ伸߹ȥͼһŮǬԪøɫСޣС۾Ư
ҶСһЦЦϲϲ͸òã
ҮҶˣС˷
ҪĸС޵ģǸСӵģҶʵ
Сһ¿ɷѣҪ
ҶһСһ뿴
СϲĲУҶ㣬ҿɲҪĸСһҶ
Ҷü䣬ã㡣
ٺ٣Ү
СһСˣOСһˡ
߿˱õҶ䣬ü䣬ҶĺܳСӣԺҶԼĺӣҲǻ֡
뵽O΢΢Щ죬ҶƢĺܺãԼ۸ˣҲǬԪĵȷȷټ
Ҷ䲻֪OʲôֱСһȥǹˣСӿ˺ü֡
OԱѵ̫ܳǹȻСɾͱסˡ
ŷҾҪҶòСһŴ۾Ҷ
ҶЭˣã㣬Žźã˾Ҫ
ٺ٣ãСһ￪ĵĲС
һ·ϣҶһѵʳ㣬˻һ·һ·䣬ȺͽOﱧŵĶˡ
ȥ˸һҳӣ˵ڲȱȹЩȹȫҶݵĴ˼Ҽõģ׻ǲ·ֱѡĺЬҲһµĴ
Ҷһ·һ˫ЬȲ򣬷һʱ߲ˡ


85 
ҶǴӳµʱ, ÿ˻ﶼĶҶ䶼û취СˣĶˡ
Сһ, ԹԸҶߣһ˻ȥһ˶, Ķŵǰ, һȥ
Ϊӻĵ, ٶ·ݣЩ϶ЩӣǶȱʳ, ֲȱ, Щʱ, ݵ˺ܶ, ݳǵЩ˸𱬣¥ĵطҲȫˡ
Ҷһȥҵ꣬ȫ, û취, Ҷֻüңòײҵһλõĵ档
Ҷһ˱ſڵСӭ˽ȥСڵվһź, λˣҪʲôǵĲ˵
Ҷ˵˿, ЩʳԲ˵Ҷ͵ˣҪ˼, һŹʳҪ׷, ֮Ҷһӵķˡ
˷ˣҶ˱ڴš
ΪֵԭΧ˶͵͵Ҷǣв˶͵O
OЩҲ⣬Ͼݲھǣûôɽġ
ʱС㽫һһĶ
Сһ￪ĵĲУڽOԵ硣
ҶǻȥʱɫȻЩˣʱݳﻹǺֵġ
صԺ֮ҶһˮǱԻطϴˡ
һʱ䣬ҶǶǳԳԺȺȵģÿҶȳȥԵ⡢ˡˮOڼСһӹúò⡣
ͽOǻؾǵĻҶ䶼ƽˣһСԺӣÿճԳԺȺȵģ;ÿġ
һߣѾҹ̵ĸϻ˾ǣѾڵʵŮۣŮŭǲ½δ֣ͬʱץʵĸط
ӵЧʼ죬ֵµʿľһ·Ƿ֣˲ٵ
޻ص֮ҲæĽͷöǵҶ֮ǰ˵ЩþǵЩҽٸŵط֣׼Ĳҩˣʱȥʬ壬ⷢߡ
ھæ˴º󣬲˽OţԼߵĻȥ鸮š
Oĸڹ𣬼ֻнOĳ㽪ĸڣ˳Ӵ˵ıǽ
ϾǶŮߵˣǻҲҵ
ҼҵҴǵġǻֱӽżȡĻûж˵
лλšæʹһɫߵһæŵӡ
ŷ⣬ͫȻϵóõּ
æŵĻʵûнʲô
ǻҡҡͷûԵ£ұȻȥˡ
˵ţǻ뿪ˡ
ȲĴŷ⣬㿴˽Oţۿˡ
Դúĸʧɢ֮ĸһֱѰңص֮󣬼һǲСȥݸѰңȴûϢû뵽¾ȻϱԼá
Ŷûп꣬ԼĸԺȥ
ĸףĸף
ȻҪȥʶ˹ǸʲôŮ˹
ȻûԼҴŮôððʧʧӣôˣôš
ǣõšŵݸ˰ȻԼվﴭ˰
Ȼæݹչ˿ȷԼŮıʼ
Ů˵ˣܰȫһŮǬԪһ·ǽȥŮ˵ˣûôˣ취ûؾȥ
ȻţᶼˣŮǸ뿪ǵģ·ٷˣɢˣ漸ȥңҲʼûŮѶ
ȻʵѾĴ㣬˸С˳ȥѰңԸû뵽Ůû¡
ȻһʯͷأǿŮἰŮǬԪȻЩ£ŮòѾŮǬԪ
鰲Ȼȥ룬ɲô˵ŮǺŮǬԪһˣܹס˾ͺá
ŵ˱Ļ˵ʲôڵĸؽˣǹúòãǵģȫǱϲǡȻ˵ţ˲ᡣ
ҡҡͷʹˣŵʲô֪ӦþǵµţҪ֪õ»ȥ¡
Ҳãȥ죬ھȥ°ˣʼѰҲ֪õľλãҲȥѰȻæ
ãͰȥ˵ţ㼱Ҵҵˡ
ʱ˰ŮϴϢýʱ㣩ȥ
ȥ˶Ůĸϣ˺һС˲ȥ޵鷿
鷿֮æ
޿һۣɣΪ˽Oģ
æǣ֪ãҼȥã¸֪µĵص㡣
˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷֻǴһգһ·£ĻӦѾˣֻҲǻţҲȫɺϡ
Ҳ֪õľλã΢Щʧ䡣
޼ʧ䣬ֿοİɣŮǬԪţһƺ
ôˣҲע⵽ᵽҶ䣬˵ҶǺչˣмǸҶ䶼֮ʣĽˡ
Ҳ֪ĶҰãͰԼùˡ
Ҳ̫˵ֻǿţǸҶܺãҶҲܻǸҶŮǬԪ༫ãҲѷɫʵʵ˵
ϾھǵŮǬԪ棬ŵϺŵĿҶͽȷʵѷɫ
ɫԻͣô˵û̫Ϲ˸ܿ۵ŮǬԪҲŮ䲻ԼãõĲھЩŮһģǱǸҶˡ
룬һӻһ·ϵ˼ұӻĻһϨˣúҰһҲаɣס˾Ǻõġ
֪ʵڲùŵ£ɳãŹš
ףûֵĵطܻж࣬ÿնжˣʬҰܶ˶ǳ͹ǸҶǸбµģʳöûжţİװֵġЦ˵
˱ãϣƽ
Ӧò⣬Ҷ˵Ǹͨˣܾ򵥣֮ǲ̫ģƽƽı¡̾˿˵
˵ǣ˳ˡֺ޺˼䣬뿪
صʱ򣬸׺ĸ׶ڼе
ôˣô˵Ȼʵ
һˮһ֮ſڵ˵ûʲôӻ·ÿնжˣһǸŮǬԪǸбµģûǰ
ߣƣŮȻһҰû쵽һ𣬻ƣɫɺת̡
Ҳô˵ҪǸҶ䣬ǻһܻȥء
ҲܺһҰ˽ںˣö֪£ˣȫˣ
ŮھǣŮŮպܼ޸ӻŮŮֻŮºˣҪǴȥˣ˵Ů޲ˣŵԵ˼ңҲٺǽҽס


86 
¸ոҲ˵, ˵ҶòŮҲǸбµģ, Ҳ䲻áҲ
ߣǼһ, ǸҶѾ䲻, ⵹ǲ, ǽˣҲ˽ȫ, ȽOص, ŮǬԪ, 鸮, ɲӭʲôɽҰáŭ˵
Ķôأ˵ģ˼ҾŮӦл, ôܰɨسţȻ
лȻ, Ȼ׼лҽĴţҲӭ, Ů˳ס
ôͱ⸱ģ£ԼҲǺų, ҵİһһߵգµˣԼųˡȻ̾˿, ֻͷʹ֡
һҰᲢҿƾٳǱյİ, ǸҶأʲôǾŮҲһ̸
ֱǽOѾͬǸҶأȻʵ
ȻϴȥЩˡ˵꣬°˦뿪ˡ
Ȼ˼ŶԽһǲǣЩ˳ȥ̽ȶ֪Ҫʲôʱ򡣡
ãĸףˣԺ飬ƽ˵ھȥ˼ҡ˵ţҲ뿪ˡ
ҶЩʱղǳȥ֣ǳԳԺȺȣ֮ú̹
ҶǴݳʱǶ죬ȴȻ·ݣߵѾůˣҶǵ·ҲӺص£˱ĵ£Сһﶼ񳤸һЩ
⼸ҶĴ̽ߵȷѾʱ⣬ӾǱ͹Ҳ½½˸أÿʮĵطȶ
ٸҲɣ߽꣬ʹúݻټйٸȼãصҲ½½͵ߣ򲻵ʳҲõ˻⣬һе˱㲻ǰϷѡ紺֣һѾִϱߵģҲг͢أⵢ˴ֵʱ
³ʼҶ伸˱㿪ʼ׼Ķˣ⼸סСԺȻСԺ˸顣
ҶվԺѾҶ̾ҪǲûؾǵĻʵҲͦõģҶϰˡ
ҲǣȥĶҾȥĶȺĵ˵
O߿Ҷ䣬򴽰꣬⼸⣬ҶƺҲûпǹص֮飬ͺҶԺĹ滮ûһ
OﲻЩܣ̧ȴǿҶЦûûεӣOҶһۣת뿪ˡ
Ҷ䵹һҲûǽO鰡ôͻȻˣ
ҶЩԣһ͵͵ѵˣҪҪȥ塣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ǵ˵ͷСһԺԼȥ˽OǱߡ
ûйأҶ£󻺲˽ȥһҪ𽪽Oע⡣
Oֻǿٵʰ·ûдҶ䡣
ҶСĴ˹ȥOޱ飬ҶЩģǸOôˣ
OЦûС
ҶƲƲ죬ҲûµӣʵҪĶˣֱӸң
OȹͻȻתҶվţôĿҶ䡣
ҶıǼͽOײϣæһסΣôˣ
OֱֱĶҶ䣬˲ãؾ֮ô죿
ʲôô죿Ȼؽ¡ҶȻ˵
⼸Oĺøжһֱͣ40λϣҶԺҲȥˡ
ҲͦõģȻˢøжȣٻܱ꣬ȾĩǿҶ̬൱ƽȣһεˣȻҲڶΡ
OԾɶҶ俴´Ҷκεı飬ֻǻؽأ
شҰĵط㲻õġ
Ҷ仹ΪOǵ˾֮ûеطȥϾ鸮ָŴ󻧣һҲỶӭҰ֮ˣ˵ȽO˾֮󣬱ûԼʲôˣиھǵء
OôĿҶ䣬Ҷ۶ǳϣ˵ٻۿٿı
ܺãҶδûԼλá
ЩｹѰʼնԼǶԼ⣬Ҳֻѣ֮⣬ҶԼûа컵˼ȻԼ֮󣬽ҧǰ㣬ȴԳ֣ԣҶͲҪԳ֣ΪԼûиоԸԳ֡
һ·һ׮׮һڽOǰҶ令ʱģҶ˵ģҶקȺģҶɽկģҶġ
Oһε£ԭ㺵ֻԼһҶʼջǸ²ӣƽһˮﷺʼնԼһˡ
ǣôͻȻˣҶOˣܵĲУȥOᣬָ̧𣬱㱻Oˣܣȥ
ոջúõأôͻȻˣĶ𣿡ҶСʵ˽O
Oӣǰર£ûвã̫ˡ
ĻOû˵ȥҶ䣬ҶȥߣߣԼһ˴ҡ
úúãҳȥԼԼҶæ˳ŽO˵İ죬ķ˳ȥ
Ҷ˷ţOűŷĵᣬҶ䲻ã̫ˣԼ̲סĶҶЩطҲȫԲƣΨһ㣬ҶԼûָ顣
뵽OֹֹסھǵʱЩǬԪҲкܶԼ⣬ƫƫҶԼЩɢˡ
һ־޴ĴܸгŽOϮ17꣬һζһĶɶԷȴʼնԼ޶ԡ
OЩĽ˵Цû뵽һգԼҲһԷƫƫ⡣
ű߿˺һOžԼ޹ˣ˼ԼŬƽ
ڵ˼Ҳһ·ʱ䣬ԼܻлģȻѾȷԼҶȷ⣬Ǳ㲻׷Ҷ޶ԣԼû취޶ԡ
֮ǰ̫֣ǷŲԼΣҶͱ㴰ֽ˭ͱȻҪˡ
ԸҶŮǬԪеֶΣ
¶˾ģOﷴ̹һŵҲɢ˴롣


87 
Էʱ, ϵ쳣Ĺ죬ֻʣ˿̵졣
Ҷʱʱ͵͵O½O, ҲһͷԷ, ֨
СһҲ˺ܶ, ڶͯϹԹԸɷ
һٷ, ֹķΧгˣԹҶҲطʰ, һЩõµȵ, ȫŵ˿ռ, ֳȥľһ, ѼɶĵطȫöӼӹ̡
ЩָռƥιһЩϺͶ, ֮ҶѸøɵȫˡ
ȥ֮ǰǸн, Ѻ׼ˣһ·Ӧñʱ̹, ;ĳȫˣÿһ·г͢, ҶҰҰ⣬߳Ҳߣϻסջ, ӦòʱôǱˡ
Ժƥιϵʱ򣬽O, ʰˣǷϣǷ
ҶһOԼ˵ˣæ˹ȥɣҪĸ̫ණǳŲס
Ŷɡ˵ţOһԼķȥ
ãҶæЦӦ
ԹԵĸڽO󣬼OϻûЦģҶֹҲҶʣְ˸Ūˡ
ǱߴϵȹǣһЩĶߣˡOָָϣ˵
ãߡҶ˵ţæ˹ȥЩȫˡ
תͷʱOڿԼҶЩġ
OģҶЦˣʲôܿµôԼ
OɫߵҶǰҶʶһ
Oü㡣
Ҷ⻰ʵˣԹԵվЩŵĿ򽪽O
ʲôһܳ㲻ɣO˹ȥߵҶǰվ££Ҷ죬Ҷ丧ƽ塣
Ҷ俴򽪽OСʵˣ
ԭҲûO˵ţȥקҶϵȹͺҶԼûȹһ
ҶɽOŪԼֻǾеŤ·ðɣҲҶ˵
ûͺãԺҪĲˣֱӸң
ã֪ˡOһӦһ߼ŪҶ䡣
O˫ۻҶСԹûϵá
ܰɣҶЩɵȥ˽O֣æ˻ȥ
ôˣԹվã°ϵO˵ţ˫ۻҶҶ⿪˹ϵá
ϵʱ˶Ҷ仳ˣƫƫOɫһҶԼˣOӦǿ֢ȹ߰㡣
ôţҶǰһˡ
ȽO´ʱ򣬱ҶһֱվO̾˿
ʱǬԪһ㲻ɫҲʲô£ͱҶ䣬ľͷ׮һԼղŹҶ仳ײһ£˸û֡
ˣ˭Լľͷ׮Ӷ˼أɡ
ôţOֹҶһ£ŵˣ´Լעһ㣬ȹŪͰ͵ġ
ã´ע⣬ֻҪ㲻ˣʲôСĺ½O
O̧ЦӯӯĿOε̾ҶƢôôã
ţȥЩģܴߵľͶϣܹ鶼ǻӵġ
ãȥʰҶŽOЦЦ߸˵ĳš
OҶıӰ̾˿նĵģ͸ûûεĿСһ
ǰĻЩOȻǲῴģ伲֪࣬׬ӵĲףԲҶЩϡ
ټŻؾ֮£ĸԼһ޻Ҷ䣬Ҳһ϶վԼߣɵŰ壬ԼԺҪҶһ𣬿»еڣЩţպ˵õĵ
ҶǱǸɾȥ˳ʰһЩǽõҶѲõĶֱյ˿ռ
ڶ죬ʱȱƥ˳ȥƥ˾Ϳʼװˡ
Ҷȥ˳ЩôߵĶյ˿ռ˳СӵĶͯҲˡ
ȫʰˣȻˡ
ԺãҶȥ黹Կף˱㿪ʼ̡
ԣҶ··ϵ˺٣һ·Ͽ˵ǳͨ裬ҶƥܵٶҲӿ˲١
ϵʱҶǱ·˸һ䣬˵׻ûиϵϡ
ʱѾů˺ܶ࣬ҶǱڴӸŪһ׵ıӻ
OҶǸҶĢ档
ҶռĺʣĢǱġ
ȸ±ӣҶһ档
СҶԱ۲ĲУҶ侾һСݸСһſôãǲˣ
ٺ٣ǡСһӹţֻСִ
OԱ߿ţ̾˿ҶģԺ˺ӣҲֻ簮ӵĸס
㣬㿴Сһһ󼦣ŽOҫ
ţСѼӺܿɰOܵЦ
СӾСС
úúãСɰ˰ɣOЦ˵
šСĵ˵ͷͷϵСһһεġ
O˼£ôɰ
ҶҲһСӵС󼦣ʧЦҡҡͷ
һƤߦɼõгŪã±ҲĲˡ
һҶǱ
OСһֱ˯ڳͺãҶ˯棬Ծҹ
Ҷ˯ˣԼڻѱߡ
OС˯ˣԼŵҶԼOҲ˹ȥ¡
ôû˯˯𣿡Ҷʵ
һմͷ˯ˣĶõҺ塣O˵ãʧЦҡҡͷСһĴ󣬳Եö࣬˯㡣
ǾͺáҶЦŵ˵ͷ
O߿˿Ҷ䣬򴽰꣬ҶǱ߿˿
ôˣǲˣһӣҶ˵žҪקӡ
OֹĶãҿ㲻ˡ
O˵ţ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷɿ˱ӣҲаɡ
˵ţѽOԼð˽Oֻһ±ɿˣǽOɴ˳ƿҶࡣ
ҶƬ̣ЩȻһȴûж˵ʲô
OҶֳ󣬸ɴץҶϣů͵㡣
Ҷ˵ͷȴǲôͬҪů͵ĻǻǸǱӸů͡
Oʲô˼Ҷһºøж壬ͼһ㲨ûУ40ĺøжȣǽOԼǶԼ˼
Ҷò񣬱ϾøжȲ40ôҲôﵽ߰ʮϲɣ
Ҷ䲻֪ǣOǬԪͬ˵ϼ仰ǬԪҲôOЩ˵ĺøжȸͣܵ0ֵĶǸߵģ40ĺøжȣʵԶǬԪˡ


88 
ҶֻO͸͸, ŽOڻѱ߿
˵λӦҲѾصˣѾŸ͹ȥ, Բ̫ġҶЦ˵
ţӦ, ֻʱǲȷҪȥĶ, ȻӦûҹO߿Ҷ
漴ּ˵, Ҽ︸ĸڣһ㣬Ҵ, Ǻܺദˡ
°¡Ҷ丽, , OôͻȻʼ˵ˣ
ҶֻǸ, O̾˿Ҷһۣ, 㱧ýЩ
ҪǸǱӰ, Ǳů͵㡣Ҷ˵ţȥקӡ
OȴǴѿҶһ, תˡ
֪ܲӸů𣿻ͬҶ俿ĽЩú˵˵Ļ𣿽һ㲻, Ƿˡ
ҶOˣЩԣôˣ
ѱԼקק, ȷʵеˣǰѱϰɡ
ҶԼʱŰȽ, ȥϢһҹ¡
Ҷһ˷ǰһӸȥЩ֮ǰǳŽյģΪѾסˣֶ¿˴š
Ҷֻĳ˵ģһ·ǰȥˣǰǽ뵽档
ֻǱߣСԵϡˣټͺˣϸûʲôˡ
ҶһջϵĶԶţֻҪõĶ˱˿ջ
ջĴϡ٣ֻǵڳԷȾƣҶһӱȥ
С˹λԵʲô
Ҷ俴һ۲˵漸ͨĲƷ
㡢ռ²˳˿Ҷһ˲ٵĲƷСæϲЦտȥ׼ˡ
ʱһƷ㱻ҶЩƲ˵ġ
СһͶˣָָϵļ⣬ڵ㣬Ǹ
ãҰŪOһСһԲôһСһһ롣
СһﱧżȳԵʱ򣬽OڸС̡
׷ֽô̵棬ιСӳԡ
ҶҲû ˴Ҷ⣬һͳһ׷ڶ뷹ʱ򣬿ǽļǬԪƺǺȶˣž룬ҡҡλεҶˡ
ҶȻҲˣһʼûᣬеһOǱȥˡ
Ҷվ˽OǰȻǺȶˣͨ죬һľǬԪҲһ
Ҷ䵲ס˽OõĿڵ˻𿪣ҺǸ˵仰
ҶˣԶ㣬ΪȵèΪΪˡ
ʲôҲҹӣúȱôˣǻҲӣúȥϴ˭Ĵ
Զ㣬ӰǳԷҶ
ҲվߵǬԪ
ȴǴЦУ㲻ǺȣҲһģôƯϧˣǸǬԪ
Ҷ˻ľ룬ֱӽˮõϡ
ûоӣﻹûԼգҲҺȾƣҶɫƽȴǼ
ֺȶ˵ľƹǺȶ֮󲻸ҶǬԪôȴǰĿ궨ϣҪôϷҪôǹ˼ҺȾռ˼ұˣ˼žƾв֮¡
ˣҶȻòš
ҶһľƣҲһ㣬ǰŮǬԪ滹أɲûӡ
ܳˣӿҪ˵ţȥץҶ䡣
ҶֱһƳ˹ȥһ£Ҷȫ˱Ҷȵź˺üֱˤ˵ϡ
һһָҶ䣬һĲ˼飺㣬Ҵˣ
ɱ˵ԷԵĺúõģû¡
ܳСӺƴˡ˵ţ˴ӵϼѵҶ˹ȥ
ҶֱһŽ߷ɣʱײֵܣڵˤöᣬľҲˤһء
ҶЦһ㱾Ҳҳ£ȥɣóۡ
ˤ߻صģ⼸Ҳǿ˹׷׶ָָ㡣
ӵľƶ쳹ˣҶѵģҲҶ䲻Ǻǵֵܾܡ
ȵȣǮûأô˻԰ǰɣҶ䳰ȷ
ɫһ󣬰һȴҲҶ䣬ؿͳ˼ʮǮӵǸߡ
ȵȣƹģǮˣǻֻ롣Ҷ
ƹĸǲҵҶ䣬ǮȻͷֻ֣ʮǮһ˼Ҫʮġ
ƹĿڵһٷʮģһûǮֻʮģҪ԰𣿡
һ¥༸Ҳڶָָ㡣
ȵͲ֪Լʲôˣ˻ñΡ
ǣŮǬԪֺã˶ˡ
Բ𷹾ͱ¥ˣǶġ
涪
˰죬ߵľƲôô󣿡
ƹҲˣ͹٣ۣˣˣƷ˵ģҪǲǮĻǿҪȥˡ
Ѷƴգò״70Ǯƹ
ҶŻȥԷּһ뷹ѬŪ˲٣跹ԡ
ʱƹĶһˣλˣǵλⲻˣղŵǶԲסû뵽ֿˡ
û£ǾͶлˡҶҲûƴǣҲȷʵЩˣ㵹һȡ
ã˱ǣֺúȣҶһ롣
СҲرϲô෹СһԼֺһ
Ҷ˱϶¥Ϣˣס޵˺٣ҶҪڵķ䣬һ£Ҳûġ
Oͽķм䣬Ҷķ俿¥ݣȡ
ҶˮǾҰסģס꣬ȻҪúϴһ
ҶľͰֻ˶˲٣ϴ֮˯ˡ
ڶһ磬Ҷˣڿջ緹ҶǱ׼С򴩹ȥ·
·ĵĵطҶһЩһţ⣬ǵ緹
ʱҶǱ뿪Сӣɽ·н
ֻǸ뿪СûԶҶǰ߰˸ˣվ·м䣬лˡ
ǰָָˣڿջˣƷˡ
ҶȻҲϳǣֻ;Ĳѣû뵽˾ȻһֱǣǳС
Ҷסƥǰܣϣǰ治Զ˺ǵʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼·ǹٵߣȻҲߡ
˵ĻӣҶļҹôǰӣ㻹ΪƽƽĳСڰ󽻸ˣˣȻٹŸҿͷ˵㡣


89 
Զ, ҲˡҶ˵Ѿ˳
е׼ӣû⣬Ҷ䳰С, Ȱ㻹ǹԹԴϹǼ, Ǵġ
ҶҲ, ۶ϵİ, ವһƿնһ̣ӵĲҽ
ؿֱӱҶһ, ƺû뵽ҶֱӶ, ؿһʹ, һѪ
˼Ҷôײ, ׷ɢӴܣûȥӡ
Ҷ۶ļʸವ˳ȥ, Ӧ, ˵ȫˡ
ɫֻȺ巢裬͸øۣŴҲûм, ҶɱЩһѹûС
ȴȥϵļʸ˳, ƲӲɾŽʸ˻Ҷ䡣
߰, Ǹ·Ҷ˵ţҲܵϵļʬ, ֱӼݳ뿪ˡ
⼸ոܵ˶ˣҶǵԶˣոնֵܽ˳
磬ô찡һĸֵܡ
ô죿ʬԱȥȻȥ٣Ͻȥ١
ȻдǸҲ֪ͷٵڰ׷ѣҲ˵صĲжǸϵϣŮǬԪһ綼ԶˣĽҲǰʬС򣬱᰸ˡ
ҶûܵӰ죬ϣƥܵĺܿ죬ټڵ·ܺãʱ·ȫܵĿһЩҲ
ٽʱҶ·ͣ˳OСһ
һ˾·һ鴲ڵϳҶĽţ͵ġ
Сһһģһ齴ţ⣬Եıˣһ߳ԣһߵ
ҶҲǶˣһģž΢һЩ
˳緹ʱ򣬴·мڵϱߣǼ˿űǱؤû
ҶҲֻǿһ۱ջߣֽĽţ⣬Ȼ˲Զؤһ˳Լߺһ
ˣˣǵС𣿡ǼҶ
Ҷ侯ųվŶ˵е죬ѾǲĶˣϾһ·̫˺¡
߽ˣҶҲû
˼Ҷûϳʹ˲ϵĻҳҰˣ֡
Ҷſǰ˵ĳֻ࣬ǶҲ̫ǱˣϵƾɾɾͲ˵ˣȫûСЩҪ
ȥͼֵӡŮӶڣΨСӡ
ôŪӵģҶǵʱ±׷ɱһ·ϲ񱼣Ͱһˣֻû뵽ּһˡ
УСأҶʵ
ʲôίһ㣬ʼĨᣬˣԭǸǺߵģƥߵʵ̫ˣû׷ϣһҵʳԹˣû취ֻðͷ¿ɱ˳ԣĶ֪һӵǰΧȫˣ¿һûϣȫˣ㶪СӣСӱЩ¿˻Ĳˡ
˵Ѿˣ˿ּΪ˾ܵܣֱֵҲڻˣڻءǿų͹ͦ˹泯͢ڸǼһٱһٵģûȥϱı·
Ҷ˵ͷݳﲻԶ·Ļձߵû֣һжúõģ취ȥﰲɡ
ˣ֪ҪȥĶʵ
Ҫȥǣڸص鶼õ˿ƣϵ·Ҳû֮ǰôΣˡҶ俪ڵ
˵ţֳУýʣֱ۲˲ϵۣˣʲôԸ
ҶȥĶϱۣ۵ᶼˣҶüֱеĵطѾʵˣ֮󻹵öٽӡ
˶ˡ
Ҷתȥ˳һˣʵǴӿռóһ˶ʮӳ
ҶŶߵǰ̾˿ʮŸӦù⼸·ϳˣʮҲŰɣȵ֮ҸõĴ½ӹǰɣʣµӣҲʱˣպðɡ
ֱӳҶ޵һѱһᣬллˣллˣ־һһΣС϶ܻԺһȥǱĴ¡
ҶҲͼıǺúõİɣӲغˣٱˡ
һ˿޵
ԭΪϷ֮͵ĴҪˣס£˵ˣû뵽·תǾȻ˻·
ҶҲ극ˣ߿һңڵҲˣذɡ
˷ģһҵݣһúûֿ˵
Ҷ弸˵˵ͷȥˡ
һҴҶ뿪ıӰֱʧǵҰУֲŻع
߰ɣһҶԲˡ
һңֻǸСҶǼ·ʱСһˣͽOһڳ˯
ܺãҶһһ߸ϳʱʱͬ·ˡ
վסҰ⣬Ϊ·һľ룬Ҳȥ˷̫ʱ䣬ЩѽOͻؾǣԼҲµʱȥԼ顣
ѾԺøжȵ鿴ˣҲǿ󽪽OʲôֻµʱúãôóԺģôҲǰһ˵һ·Ѿ˴ʱ䣬µʱҲֻʣһһˡ
ϣҶҹʱ򣬽Oǰ취 ڰ͵ĸ·ϢҶ䶼ûʲôʱ䣬Ǹ·ٶԽ죬OԽ꣬ƫƫҲʲôǸ·ϵһЩ
ʱһȥת۱ʮԺˣҶѾݵĵؽ磬ʮձܻصˡ
ϣҶǽϵģڳŹرǰݳǡ
ݳȻ֮ǰôôҲѾ˹ֵȻҲ·ǽֵȻ̷ֵ̯ͦġ
ҶһҿȥĿջסޣ˱㵽˿ջĴջĴֵͦģٵ˶ڳԷȾơ
ҶһƧĵط£С˲˵
ҶҲûп˵ǰ󱳣æƲ˶һЩҲһЩǵõùĸ˳ԡ
Ͽ͹٣ˮҪһЩ𣿡Сּʵ
ҶҡҡͷˮͲˣˣ϶ôֵ𣿡
ǣֻ⼸ղ֣ĻڣٵĻˣ첻νֱݵģٽߵĵط֣˶ϳźӵƣѰأ͹٣ǿˡСЦ
ãлˣúЩЩˡҶ˵ŸСöͭ塣
СЦϿ͹٣ȥλԵȡ


90 
ʱ, СȸҶһ裬Ҷ˵˲ˮԼȺһ
O豭һ, ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ, Щʱո·̫, Ϣһ, ҲȥڵǸʲôġ
Ҷ䵹û뵽OԻڸȤһ˼ͨˣOһŹŮ, ƽ鸮ô, ǳҲǲμӹŮǵ, ʵû˼, ȥֵǿ⡣
һǾ͵õһյʱˣҶЩۡ
̧˽Oϣ, Ҷ˵ܾĻ, ð⼸ո·ϵ̫Ҳ, ϢһҲã컹˯
OҶӦ, ˿һСһ, մȥòã
ҮϲˡСһ˷ܵĲͣĻСȡ
ʱҾͰѷ˶, Ҷ伸˴ڴڵĳ
ԿóߵЩջֵӰ죬ܶ඼ûеġ
ҶǳԵĲ϶⣬ĳʳ٣ЩԵѾܲˣҶҲޡ
OСÿˮȻǻˣǼҲ̫Ǳˣ֮ǰߵʱǱȥðȹO׼մϣúõĹڡ
Ҷ䵹ҲϴնţӶ챻ɢˡ
ص˷һˮĻƱˣҶǮ֮ʹˡ
ȹԡͰ裬ȵˮ͸ҶݵĲ˯ˡ
ҶǱ̵裬O߾ͿˣСϴɾ֮󣬾ԼѸٵϴ衣
ǲ𣬽O򴽣߿ڴСľѼСľţĽ
Oһ߽ͷɣһ˹ȥڵ벻Ҷһ棿
Сһ۾ûأƽϴ裬ǾҪ˯ˣѽҪ棡
ǺãҴȥO䣬һСһ
СһﱻڴϴЦͣ
ҶסǸڣOԼȹûиСһﴩôסСӣֱӱСӳš
OСһߵҶǰԻСӵš
СǾʲôȤСҶż£Ҷ㣬ˡ
ҶմľͰͷڵˮأû뵽Сһˣæصϣһ¡
˵ţҶæٵ˼·´ŤŤҲܡ
첽˹ȥһţСӱOվſڣСһһЦĿԼ
ҶЦЦÿλãôͻȻˣ
O䵽ҶµӦǸԡ꣬ҵ˼·ȥǿˣͷڵˮء
OһҶĴǱߣһߵˣҪ棬ұ㱧ˣֲ𡣡
˵ŽOСһŵҶĴϣСһڴ棬СľţСľѼһŵǰ
Сһϲ֣СֿĵĿҶͽO㣬Ҷ㣬һ棡
ԼȹԹһҶߺˣ档
Oһ˵һߵҶǰ
ҶҵĲͷķ˿ڵˮջϵڶŪʪˣټҶղ·ĴæµûŪãƬѩ׵ļ¶˳
O̧ҶһۣڹŵԼҶǱ˿ȥǲǳԿˣ
ţȥҶµ죬İ·Ƽ˿ô죿
Ҷһ߲ͷһ߳ŽOЦЦҪǱˣҿ϶ȥţⲻ𣿡
O⻰΢΢𣬰Ҷ·ĶһЩ⻹࣬мǣţɲܴͳȥ
ã֪ˡҶ˵ţЩ΢΢̣ôˣô鷳O·أֲġ
ס˽O󣬡ҪԼɡ
OϵЦȥôֱĶҶ䣬ҶµҲûɿ
Ҷ䱻ú󱳷ԼҪǲýOæĻ ԷҪˡ
뵽æɿ֣ŽOЦǻҰɣһòͷ ڲ֡
ߡOƳһۣЦ⣬Ҷ仹ͦԼ̨µġ
O½ҶŪҵãҶ´ϵŤŤģOɴֽҶ´ϵ˸ÿĽᡣ
Ҷ·OȥҶĽɡ
ҶѧˣûҺͽOŸɣİĽ˳ȥȻOƺ⡣
ҶôԹվţOýͷġ
OŹɵҶ䣬ü䣬ȥǱߣվҲð
Ҷĵ˵ͷá
ҶŲ˵Ǳ£OվԱ߰ͷ
ССľѼˣ̫Ծɣ˵õôȥҶˣ
Сһ㲻ƲƲ죬ڴϹȦԼСѼӡСľţˡ
OûעСһڿǣһעһߴҶ
ϴ裬Ҷ۵ģһҼӣǬԪˡ
ĳ࣬һУǬԪ˾Ҳ֡
뵽OЩŵ򴽡
ҶһȷҶͷˮˣŽÿű𶯣Ұͷ
Ҷ˴֣ٻе㲻˼鷳OǽOʲôû˵
Oӹһһ㣬İҶͷָʱʱĲһҶĶ⣬ÿβ䵽ʱҶĶⶼᶶһ£ɫҲ糺
Oɫ΢ֻϲɫҶͷһɫһ˿ģվıֱ
Ҷ䱻˼¶⣬ﻹͦеģһ¾͸оֵֹģЩɻ̧򽪽O
ͼOһ̹Ȼʵôˣ̫ŪˣЩ
Ҷÿ϶ԼˣOûעģ˼һŹŮôռأ
Լ˼ҲãϽ彪OЦЦû£ͦģOˣһˣô£ǲ˼
OǵЦ޷ҲûЩҲûʲô
Ҷ䣬ҶһֻʪĴ󹷹һԹԵ˸ëĲС
ֵֹĴ󹷹͸һֱ˩߲źãŲᱻȥ
ҶǼĴÿϴϲͷºˣOˣõĲˡ
Ҷ俪ĵܷʱüղֵϵͳͻȻթʬˣҶһ
ϲףŮOøж+5ǰøж45ǰһֵ122ٽŷ~
Ҷݵľ֮ܿ뵽˸ɻУԼʲôû
ǽOڸæǰæķôǺøжȣ
ҶЩã̧ȥOʵǲ²OǸһôͻȻǺøжˣ
OҶԺĶü䣬ҶıǼһ£ôˣôĿңÿ𣿡
ÿҶʶĻصȻ˵ҶҲǣ˵ллͷ
֮仹л´лңҿҪˡOҶ˵
úúãԺ󶼲˵ˡҶæڵ
ܺãȻ֪OǺøжȵԭ򣬵ôöһµĺøжͻȻˣҶĿģʱʱı̧ͷŽOЦ
OɵЦҲɵĺ˼֣ϵЦûȥ
ΨϵСϵЦݲˣǣ˵أôͷôģ
Сһʵ̲ˣ㣬ֱʣǣ˵õأ


91 
, ԼһO˵ţĸҶͷ
СһСľѼƲƲ죬ڴϷȦԼȥ, ŲŴ˵ء
OһСһȼ, ͣ, Ͼ´ҪҶ, ˵õĵСһ
Ǻˣ档OЦ˵
СһŴӴ, ĵĲС
ҶһƵС, µ, Сõ˴, С棬ͽOһš
Сһһ߸Ҷ䣬һְ߸O, Լÿֱ֡
һСӾ̱, ҶͽOһСһһСһĶӣСһﵱߡ
ûһСһ۾, Oȹ, ˡ
OʵҶһöô˵ˣҲֻ罫Сһ, Ǳȥ
ҶںǿţO֮תҶ, ǣˡ
ҶЦЦţ
OűŻ˯СӻԼķ䣬СһŻصûãСһ˯ˡ
O̾˿ǵʲôСӿģÿǳԺ˯ġ
ڶһ磬Ҷ˯ͲOҲһΨ磬Ҷһ緹أһûֻԼ緹
ҶԺϴ꣬һɾȹųȥҽO
ߵOǰţO𣿿ˣóȥԷˡ
ˣ׼ȥأ͹ˡOЦŻصҶ䴩һ°ɫȹͷϻO
Ҷ䵹ûע⽪Oɫı仯첽ȥȵˣȣˣҪȥˡ
εĴ˷ţˣ緹ˣ͵ˡ
У߰ɣ˵ȳȥ䣬һٳ緹
áʵ緹ѾڸһȦˣûԶҶҲż
Ҷ䱧Сӣһ˳˿ջţĸն򵥵Ĵһ£ֻͷӲͬ˽춼ˬˬߵϱ˵ע⡣
ȻǼ˸߳ȥԶвƵƵҶǡ
ͷܶǬԪкܶ඼ˣϸֽʱʱ𣬺ò֡
Сһ޲Լֻ۾һһֿǣֻ֮۾æ
Ҷ䶼СһӶЦˣOȣҽһ㣬ٱȺɢˡ
áOҶǱ߿˿Ҳһ
ߵ˵ϴСһקҶ䣬ʾҶҪǸҶ㣬Ǹ档
͸һҶЦ˵Сһ˹ȥϴҪһˡ
˶ϴģСһɰϴЦʵСҪʲô
ϻСһڵ˵
УǾ͸һֻϻϴ˵ϱ㶯ʱʱĶǹܴһϻӱ㱻ϻҲڴù±
ܿģһֻЩȵСϻˡ
ϴľϻݸСһ㣬С
ллСһĵлŽӹĴϻ
Сӽӹϻ֮һڣ̵ģȴýˣ°Ĵϻûˡ
𣡡СһĿҶ䣬ҶǶãҪʲôҶ㶼
ãԼˣǽŹ䡣˵ţҶ丶ǮСӼˡ
Сһ￴·ߵС̯ӣסҶ䣬Ҷ㣬Ǹʲô뿴
OεĿСһһۣСôʲôҪ
Ҷ䵱ȻܾСһСһߵ̯ǰ㿴ϲĸ
СһָָǰɫߣҪ
áҶӦһʶϰ壬Ǯ
͹٣ʮһ˻ܱˡϰЦӦ
OȣҲһ档ˣҶԼЩⲻȤɴOҲһһ
O䵽һŵ棬ѡһͼģѡһ׹ͼģŶͦɰġ
ҶǸС߸Сһ˱ȣ˵ͦʺСһġ
Ҷ丶Ǯ˱ǰȥˡ
ڣ˲ٵǬԪһν֣Щòͷ˸ʽʻǴӽджǷ׷ײĿ
ҶǼҲһԴ֣Ҷ伸ˣЩνֵŮѷɫ˲٣вƵƵפȥҶǡ
ȺӵҶܾ˹ڼOɴСһȣ㱧ȥŽO̫ˡ
áȶ˵Сһ
Ҷ˽O࣬㿿ߣ˼ˡ
O̧˿Ҷ䣬䣬֪ԼԼɵоȣ
ҲҶ˸ɴ඼ҶϣһO߼˹Ȼ˲٣˺ò״ȺＷҶһҹӳԷ
ϵ˶࣬ЩջƵ˾͸ˣҶǵ˺һŵȵ˿λ¥ϵż綼Ԥˣû취ҶֻڴųԷΧʱʱĴǵĿ⡣
ӳԷĵطصջҶ˵ʲôȥˣ˵ľǰνֻϷźӵƣѾˣҶֻŵϴһȥ
ʱҶ˱ڿջ˯˳㲹
һʮյ·ҶҲˣԾ˯춼˲
ȹҶϴ˰ȥнOǡ
СһҲŸոOСһϻˣȻŵľ˱㲻ˡ
СϻԹԵųԣһû˯ѵı顣
Ҷţ˽OӦ˽ȥͼСһſڴϻ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣϴҲóȥˣѾˡ
ţѾʰˣͺá˵ţOͶϴһ½Сһｫĸɸɾġ
ϳȥʱȽ˱СӵĹϾϵ˸࣬OҲ˻ţ͸ɴ౧Сӡ
һ˳ȥʱ򣬱ֵߵĵ϶˵ԭӦڵĽֵյõġ
ϵҲŻĵŻֱµġ
߰ɣ˻࣬Ҳȥӱ߿Ҷ˵ű㻤ŽOӱȥǸ
ӱвӵƵС̷˹ˣæȥԼĻƣҶǹˣ˹
Щӵưɣ⻨ڵĻģֻҪѺӵƷŽԸԸʵֵġƵǸʮһССЩĻƻģⲻ̫õӡ
Ҷ˵ͷãʮɣǮһ
Ǯһ㣬ҪĶ࣬һ25ľͺˣһӡСҶЦЦ۾ġ
Ҷ˵ͷС
ˬĸǮСｫӵƽҶǣ˵˼伪黰ż˵


92 
ҶǼǵ˺ӱ, Ҷѻʮӵƶŵ˵ϣЦǶһյɣˡ
˵, ҶȵһյĺӵƵݸС, Сһ˺ӱ, , ұ㣬ԼѺӵƷŵˮòã
áСһֻСźӵƣСĽŵ˺, ӵƯˮ, Сһﶺÿֱ֡
, Ʈˣ
Ҷ§С, һ˺üյӵƣֱݸȺͽOһһյʣµ, ׼Сһ档
ȿ˿Χ, ٵ˽ӵƷŵˮк󣬱۾Ը
ҲȽӵƷˮУ۾Ը
ϣѾĸܹ, Լûжĺúõ, ڸÿгкȵģϣĸһҲܺúõģù
һߵĽOС, ˿̵СƯ˲ٵĺӵƣˮ, ŵǹ⣬Ǳһζ
OСӵˮУ߿˿Ҷ䣬۾ϵ˫ֺʮԼԸ
֮󣬽O۾
Ҷں棬ýһյһյĺӵƽ뵽ˮУÿһյСһͱÿֱ֣ĵĲС
Ưˣ棡Сһһ֣Сһ߰Ȱš
ãʣµĶˣòãҶЦ˵
ҮСһ˵ľ˫޳ɡ
Ҷ䲻ЩԱһյûţֻŶС档
Oȴеһյ߿Ҷ䣺ǶˣҲһյɡ
ҶOô˵ˣ˵ͷǺá
ѻСӽȣԼӹ˽OСӵƣҶ佫ӵƷŵСӵˮƮԶҶôĿƮԶĺӵơ
ǽO˳ĬԸ𣿡
Ҷ俴˽OһۣЦҡҡͷΪҲҲϲǿ󡣡
˵ţִȵĻӹСӣСӵ棬Сһﶺü۶Цˡ
Oȴںӱߵ̨ϣźֵҶ䣬еʱ򶼾Ҷ̫ǣ̫䵭ͺһ
Oҡҡͷÿ϶ˣҶԼǰôܲˣǱȱ˶һͨѣҲǸ˵ͨˣ뵽OĻҲűѹȥ
ĹҶ˽汧СںӱȥСӸ˵ԼС֡
Ҷ䣬߻ˡOʧЦ²۵Ķô躢ӵġ
û£·ģҲﻵˣɡҶ˵ţֱСһ˵ߡ
Сһְ˺ÿСϣӱмССӵĻ棬СһҲҪ
ָָǱߵĻƣ۾ĶҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ǸҲҪ
ã򡣡Ҷ˵ţ㱧Сһȥ򻨵ˡ
OεĸҶ
ʱСһͶһɰСûƣҶСһŵ˵ϣСһ ƿĵȥ
ҶǶСһΧһȦСһһȥҽOҪһȥȣæˡ
ҶǺСһʱ򣬲ԶոǸҶǺӵƵСŮȴ鷳
һѬСŮ˵ʲô˵ĶƺСҪʲô
Сû˳СϾһƣȥС
Ҷü˹ȥڵȣҹȥ
áæСһﱧŽOһ˹ȥ
ҶȥʱѾСＸţȴҶһ
ܳˣ˭ӣ˱ŭŤͷҶ䡣
Ҷʱ˵ɫ¶˳ԣҶǸŮǬԪʱַ죬ϣǸƯŮǬԪôˣҸ£
۸㣬ҽյĻƶģΪСһ߿ޣһȥקˣֱ˴³һ˦
ںһѣŲˤ
ƺҲŭˣСŶͣͺЩǬԪһˣǸûõķһϵǮңϽġ
˵ţȥСǮӣҶһѽסֳһơ
ֱӱҶڵأŵĿҶ䣬ƺǲҶô󣬶һҲľ˴롣
ˣҵִˣûˣ˰˰ڵϿʼ
ߵĶҲ˲˵ע⣬ҲȶСﶯֵġ
˶Χ˹ǻָָ㡣
ƺҲƷˣŮҾǴҲţʲô£㣬С㻹ͷǰɣðӻؼ˾ʹǸ
žҶһƳ˹ȥ˶ӣҶûиʹȫҲҶϻۡ
ƫƫﻹɲСӷǰƤץ˲ɡ
Ҷ޿ֱֽ̣˵˫ַ˱󣬶ѹŹ˵ϡ
Ҷ仹ʹ˵ұж˶ʱ۵Ĵҽ
ҵֱۣҵֱ۶ˣſңſңȻұˡ۵ᶼˡ
ҶҪ٣һֱҲҪǰɣ
ǣǣŮŮҰɣҾǺԼŮЦˣˡһ߿һߵ
ЦҿӵǾôôԼǸÿ۸˱ˣؼ֮۸ԼŮ㻹Ǹ𣿡Ҷʵ
ΧΧ۵Ҳ۷׷ס
ǣ治Ƕ涼Ůڼﻹһôء
԰Ǹӣôû
㣬˲ǧ꣬ϧĺܣ᲻ء
ޣֱǸ
˱ϺһһݶҪҧˣֱʵ̫ˣ˲ҺҶΡ
˳ŭӶŶСҧ㻹Ҫӱ˴𣿡
СҲǱһˣԵĻԸûָףΪҺЩʲô
СĨһᣬʵÿղǳȥȾƾǶǮ˽ϴ·׬Ǯȫˣϻʱ˻ǴһЩʣµĲиʣ˱ǣʵڲֵ֪ʲôô
ס죬ס죡ƺǱСĻʹƴš
Ҷ˦һ⣬ʵ㡣
˱ҶǶѪˣټˡ
֪ҹֲôˣæֻһģ֪ˣպҲˣҲٶĸŮˣģĲˣҰɣҵֱĺ۰
ҶĶùܸĵ˳ʺ𣿡
Ŀ¶׹⣬ǶҶƽ޲ʱȥ֪ҶҲҧˣܵģܵģ֪ˣңҡ
ҶӶĵһۣڿһ
ͷĽ˵һУλѾʵұ»صԭλ۵ش˹ȥ


93 
ڵϷ˼Ȧ, Ҷٶ֣ˡ
ҶüܵıӰֹȥǸС, 𣿡
СĳҶ˵ͷOںոСﻨĺӵȫ˻ȥ
ֽݸС, 
лл, 㡣С, ӹOĻ
ԱвΧ۵˼С׷׹ӵơ
һյӵơ
ҲҪҲҪ, Ҫյ
С˲ϵ, ЦĽӵƵ˳ȥ, һ, ĻƱ㶼ˡ
Ҷ̾˿߶˽Oߣ¿ûô׽, ˻ȥ֮, Ҫǽˡ
OҲ˵ͷȻˣһҲ޷
áҶЦӦ
һԵȵ, ȴȥɣҺͽOȥǹļ￴
, СЩ
ҶСһȽĻ, ȥ˾˯ҺҪһ
ŷСһСӻƹɵĵ˵ͷ
ҶźͽOߵС, ڵĶܴȥ𣿡
С￴˿ҶͽOĴţЩĿڵ㣬ҼмªŪǵȹ
û£ǹȥɡҶЦЦ˵
С˵ͷλĸյĺӵȫˣ׬һٶǮ˵Ѿǲˡ
ãֻĸ׻ţ£¡
޷ǵǸΪǣ˿»ȥ֮ҪǶˡҶ俪ڵ
СǱŵˣˣ
߰ɣϽȥҶߴٵ
Сæǰ·ҶͽO
ڣݳﲻһ϶ǵƻͨģҶǴӺӱ߳Ĵȫˣһ·ŵһƫƧ
СģСǰ·ѵǣСĽ¡
û¡Ҷ˵ǣס˽O󣬡ǣ 
šOһůҶʲôʱ򣬶
ʱСʹ˵һªԺǰС̫ˣС˻ӳհԺƿˤ
ˣӦҵѾȥˡ˵ţϽ˽ȥҲ˲ҶͽOˡ
ҶԸæǣŽOϡ
Сܵſڵʱ򣬾ͼĸ׵ķǿŵģæ˽ȥŲĸױק˵ϣﻹľĸ׶֡
ǸʲôأʲôͳСһ߿ޣһ߽ڵϵĸ˻
ǵȻģТŮ湴ŮǬԪŮ˴ңӽվʹĸŮȪ·Ҳ顣˵ţ˱ҪľСͷϴȥ
Ҷֱӿ첽ӣ־ץס˵˵ץסá
˻عͷƿڴոſƵĵƹ⿴Ҷʱϵı龫ʼˡ
зߺҲп־壬նģôˣⲻǷһ㲻죬Ѿûˡ
ҪǲĸŮҪ˰ɣҶĿˣĿˡ
ôأҵŮҾǺǿЦֻǿЦЦҸ첲ڻأɲҵҶ䡣
Ҷ˹ǣЦЦҪ˫ȤЦֻһȤǽЦ𣿡
˵ţҶ佫ľ϶˹ؿھһӣ˱۵ֱɵ˵ϣ˻ŮҲˣĲˣģպһúôĸŮһңҰɡ
ҶǿСǱߣڵȷ˺
ãáСĨһᣬæתȥĸס
ĸȴǲҶ˼ͷллǡ
ղҪǹץסľŮ˵Ѿˡ
OȥҷһˡҶ߻Ҫˣڲ֡
OæСһһҵİŮ˷
Ҷ߿ڵϴˣҸողûʹ󾢣װҲ
Ȼһ˾ʵˣ̱ڵϿҶ䣬ǱЦлŮ飬պĲˣһĸŮõģġ
ֻ׳㵱ôжٴαİԼǸ˿޺
Ҷô룬յߵĻֹסˣ⸾ˣ׳ӦǲԸɣ
룬ʵȻȥˣôû룿
Ǹ˵˼ſڵ룬ÿһ£ᶾңҵȫˣģûƭ㡣
˵ţæԼȥǸ˵ֱȫˣѹžˣֱ֮ϾͿûкõĵطˡ
Ҷüˣó˾˻ǰɣӡŮĥŪҲֻǼǰɣ
ǣǼ˺ҴΪ͵ˡ˵ţȥǸˣҲ㡣
ֻ˻ûȥͱҶһ˳ȥ˺ݺݵײ˵ϣ̱ڵϣ۵ľþò
ҶĿڵƵĻΪȾƺȶˣԺﱻҲɣ
˹˲ϵʹֽŲõ˼㣬ʲô˼
˼ֻҪŮ˵ҹˣҲձڿӽˡҶ
ңǸң˰Ҫ٣Ҫ٣
žžžҶųͣٺھͽ㡣
ҲҶˣûҶֱв˵ģۣš
ŮŮĲˣң㣬ʲôҶԸ⡣˴޺
Ҷ˵ͷ԰Ѻдˣ˺ȥٸǼǣӴˣĸŮҲûйϵ
Уʶ
ȻҲûˡ˵ţҶ߿ĸŮͬĻұ㶯ˣȾƺȶˣԺĸŮĹУұͷʯͷϣ
ԣҵˡ˵ţѹĸͷħͲ䵱ڵĻλĵĹһߣҪĸŮˡ
ôô˵׵ǲɱңɱңݣɷˣĸŮô˴޺
ˣֻøáݿŮϣ૵
Ҷɫٿһ䣬ǰȥŵùڵϡ顱ĲͣĸҶͷŮҲˣĲˣպҲȾˣ㣬ңҰɡ
бīھдº飬һһҪٸаϻҲֱһ̡ҶĿˣͺһҪŪһ
ŵããддɱңֻҪɱңʲôԸ


94 
, ȥñīҶ俪ڵ
áӣһƾɵľóֽ
ҶĿ׳, Լд
׳ӵ۾, , , Ҳʶְ
OҶһۣɣд֮, ǰӡͺˡ
ҲáҶ˵ͷ
ʱ, Oдݺ, Ҷùȥһ, ׳ڵӡɡ
ӡ࣬ûӡࡣ׳˹ȥµĿҶ䡣
ҶЦЦ, óһذ, ⻹𣿡
˵ţҶѸٵץ׳֣ʳָѸٸһӡ
׳໡һɤӺ˳, Ѫ˳ָ䡣
Ҷæݵ˷ˣϽմŵ, ӡˡ
˵ţҶץ׳ָָϵѪŪһЩ, ݺԥİӡ
׳Իǲ밴ΪҶ, ǰȥ
Ҷ佫ֽŴɣݸݣȥٸǼһ£㳹ˡ
˵ţҶֿ׳㣬Դйȥˡ
ԺҡĻ׳˵ˣСԺݵĵģϸ˵׸Լҵģֻݵĸĸȥ֮׳ıԱ㱩¶ţʼĸŮǴ
ˣںҲǩˣҲ˼Ϣˣһ߰ɡ
Ҷ˵ţ׳һѣֱӽƳӡ
׳ԾɿݣƺǻȻͱҶһ˳ȥ
׳ˤڵϺþãȥ
ҶæȥȳСԺ֮Ҷһţ˹ȥ
ʲôOʵ
ͷ͵ֻһֽûʲôãһˣţ϶ǶĸŮţǳŽңֱӰ˽˲źá
֮ԸոûĸŮǰ֣ΪھλǸУԼŪˣ׳ͺĸŮûʲôϵˡ
߰ɣߵСͨ˴ҲͨźӵOڵ
Ҷק׳СǰУͽOһ·˺üСӣ˺ӱߡ
ֻߵˮļˮƺҲǳ߶סһֻ⡣
ҶֱӰ׳ק˺ӵԵ̨ϣûֱӽȥϾһ׳˵ᱻ˾
ֱӽ׳ͷ˺ˮУһԭԵ׳˹ڷţֱҶ˼ţ˺һ׳嶼ˣҶŽӵ˺ӵƯĶȥǾͲҶҪܵˡ
˴ãҶŽO»صֵĴϡ
Լû뵽ڻһѾˣĽֵԾˣֱߵС̯Ҳ쳣Ļ𱬡
Ҷ±˼OһֱǣŽOֱ֣ߵһС̯˲ڳԶߵĽOҲˣСһƶ˯ˣҲŻȥ
ţǱЩɣOҲȥҶ䵥һ
ߣǾȥС̯ӳ԰ɣֱֽߵС̯ӣеıȾ¥ķóԡ
ҶЦ
ţġOĿҶ䡣
ҶǣŽOС̯ߣɡ
Ҷ佫ýO£Լ¡
ϰһޣʵλЩʲô⽡ڱȻֵ࣬ġ
Ҷ˵ͷǾһ⽡һڱ
ϣλԵһϾͺáϰǸ˵ļдˡ
֪ǲΪҶͽOԵʣԭͻ𱬵С̯ӣ˸ˣרŵŶӵġ
ҶûעⲻԶվŵˣʰҲЩˣոOԼ˲ˮ
OЩ裬Ϣһ¡Ҷ˵ţԼȺ˺üڡ
šOӦһҲ˼ڲ衣
̧ͼС̯վ˼ŮŮУƺڿҶ䡣
͵͵ĶҶָָģһŮֱӺ
OɫõĿ˹ȥǼ˿ûOҶһҶ䡣
ôˣҶ߿򽪽Oʵ
ж𶯣Ұһ¡O˵ţóԼĽҶʵҶϸɾĺܡ
OĸҶ˺ü£ջԼˣ¸ɾˡ
ҶЦЦ˵OͦģղŽOʱŵ浭һζ
ҶæüĲԼ룬һζǽOζԼɲ룬ɲá
ֱߵǼƺģǿOҶҲû뿪
ŮǬԪĿÿһûôÿŮǬԪء
ҲǣҲã̫ߣԵô塣
ԣ֪ļҵģҪҪȥʣ
ðɣ߻һأҲüãǲȥ
һأȥô֪ǬԪ϶֣ɾûˡ
һźµŮ¶˾һ˺ˣǶûȥȥˣҪĶ⣬ǿɶᡣ
Уȥ˵ٲȥ𱻱ȡ
ǣǡ
ǺŮڼѵߥ£Ҷ˹
ҶҲע⵽ԼҶ˳ʵ£
ǺŮҶҲ۾ɵ˼֣֪λûпգȻЩðͬλڡ
ҶһȻˣⲻǴڨ
ҶŮЦЦſڵʵڲ˼Ѿˣǻڣϵ̫࣬һûҷأʵûոԼǸˡ
Ůſ˿OЩεĿڵԭλѾˣʵͻˣǸǸ
ŮҲûжҶܾˣæԼȥ
˼ҶѾˣǸˡ
Ҿ˵ôÿŮǬԪ϶ˣȻ
Уҿڣոջߥҹȥ˼׽ء
̫ˣÿŮǬԪȫˣ߰ɣ߰ɣ˼ҷҲôÿ˶ĺܡ
˵˵ЦЦˡ
O˹Ҷ˵ﻹЩģҶĻش⣬̧ЦſҶ䣬Ȥ˵ǽеͦ˳ġ
ҶҲ˵Щ˼ˣ彪OЦЦǲ鼱֮ҲǹҪô˵ģ
O򴽰꣬Ҷô̵ģƫƫ˸Լ
ʲôʱˣֲǲСOС
Ҷ䵹˽Oĺ仰Ҳû̫⣬ֻҪûͺá
ҲʱҰ˵⽺˹
ҶЦſ򽪽OҪĸŶܲ
OҶһۣ˵ԼǰԳԳԣҶôһһľ֪ԳԺȺȵģҲú¡
ҶЩԣԼҲûͽOôԼˣ
Ҳû˵ʲôŽOЦЦҶ⽶˹ӳ
ò˵ֱߵЩС̯ӣЩζĲҶûһͰѰ⽸ˡ
OҶ䣬ԵûûΣԼҲ߷ߵĳ


95 
ҹ, ҶֻŽOڽϹвٵ˶ڽҶǹ, һСæ˹
ҶЦЦƼ, Щ, ⻨ǽժ, رʣ㿴
СﻨĻͦʵģҶΧ϶Ż, ЦǮһ֧
, 3һ֧, ܱ˵, ôƯûлôأС
ҶЦŵͷǺ, ֧ɡ
Ҷ˵, Ǯó9ǮݸС
СǿĵĽ֧ݸҶ䣬ףλ㳤þãǶôÿ, ĺð䡣
ҶֽӹǱСĻŪЩ˼, תݸ˽O
Oü䣬ûֽ, ̧Ҷ䣬ʵ˺ÿ𣿡
ÿ, ȻÿҶ˵ţЩ΢΢죬OЩ˼ˡ
򻨾Ǽ˶У뽪OûУOӦûɣ
OҿԼŴ䣬ȥҶĻֻӹʱָ޵ĻҶֱ
Ҷ̧ʱ򣬽Oһ̹ȻӣյǼţͦġ
ţ߰ɡҶ˵ţֻŽOǰȥ
ϵ˺ܶ࣬ߵĲǺܿ죬Զ·Ҳߵͷʱ򣬴Լһ֮˱ص˿ջ
ջĴʱҲ֣ϰȻڵ︧ٳڴҹ˺ܶࡣ
ҶͽOһ¥ߵſڵʱ򣬾ͼȵķû𣬱֪СһӦѾ˯ˡ
ҶOҲߵ˷ſڣ㿪ڵϢҲطˡ
Ҷ䡣OסҶ䡣
ҶҪŵһ٣ŤͷȥOôˣ
O΢ҡҡͷûʲôϢ
Ҳǣ˯ҶЦЦԼŽ˷䡣
OҶطˣ̾˿ԼҲ˷
˨ϣȴ䵽еĻϣO̾˿ôҶ仹Ǹ¶ӣԼչģϲԼ
OЩķҵľеĻ꣬һһĻ㱻Ĺͺͺˡ
Ҷĸоʹ˺ܴһȭ޻ϣô˵ôҶͲУýOȸеЩۡ
ǰûԼΪһǬԪѾĻ֦֪׳ȥٴˣԷǲӡ
Ǹ·ĽȣٶȥаǾܵˣԭ˵һ£ɽOȴô˲
ܸоҶƺԼżԼؾǣýOˡ
Ҷ˿Oķ꣬һŽOһҹͦĵġ
ȥ֮Ҷϴ˸裬̵˯ˣ绹Ҫ·ء
ڶһ磬ԾģСһ磬˯Ҳ磬Сһͻġ
һͷСȥˡ
СһСȾͳ嵽ԼҽſڣСţ㣡Ҫˣ
Сһ꽪OķţܿܵҶķſڣҶ㿪ţ̫ɹƨˣҪˣ
Ҷϴ꣬Сһ򿪷ţһѾͱŵСӣС˯ǲǣôˡ
ٺ٣Сһ˫ָ߾ٹͷһ̵ĶҶȶЦˡ
OҲӷˣ漸ϲɫO̾˿ֻԼôˡ
ôˣɫôû˯𣿡ҶOƺ̫ģʵ
O˵ͷû£߰ɣҶʰˡ
ãǴ緹һЩΪ˸·緹ǴպųһЩã쳤ˣʱҲܶЩ·Ҷ俪ڵ
ҮСӾ˫޳ɡ
OĿԹĶҶ䣬ҶԼ󱳷һͷͼOڶ
Ҷ仹ΪǽOǸ·ٶ̫ˣæ͵ٿˣٿЩĻǵƥҲʵܲס
Ȼ󽪽O͵һۣҶǰ·¥ȥˡ
ҶӺ󾱣קһ£Сʵ˵ˣ
Ҳһͷæҡҡͷο̫˰ɣö½ǻңҿ϶ҲǹƼ
ҶΪȻĵ˵ͷȷʵߣϽԷ˷·
˵ţҶȥ
緹һӣÿջƵƵĿҶҲܱôθںܺõĴȺСҲһ
һˣֻнOúǸ룬ǣ˶Ķθڣ
һһķ˱㱻Ҷ伸һɨգҶֳɾ¥ȥˡ
OһıСһ¥µţСһҲ˷ܣקŽOֱ㣡ϾҪˡ
OǿСӼһЦСһȥҶˡ
һҶ˱׼ˣҲҶ׺˿ջſڡ
OСһţҶǺϳ
ܿģǱǵķȥˡ
ĸһź鵽ŵǼˣ˴ʱһɡ
˵ҹλ֮׳㵽ҹﶼûлĸŮĵĲ˯أ龪һ
ĺüգ׳Ծûл׳ЩѶûټǸˡ
Ҳץʱ壬ǴСԺˣŮĵطı·ˡ
ЩҶ䶼ˣǻյĹ㵽˻ǣϢһ֮Ѹ·ʱ䣬ǱѾصݡ
ҲǽOҶĵطҲ֪ǲһ·̫УҶ⼸յ΢Щʣ¶Ҫһ
˵ǵǱ֮Ҷ¶һΣʱȱӣȸϽȥҩڴϷҩձˡ
Լ⼸յ֢״¶ֿˡ
ҲҶƺƣʵˣôˣ
е¶ڿˣ֮ȽݳҸط˵
áæϵ˳
ʱǱ㵽һջſڣ³ʱ򣬽OҲҶɫԾôˣ
С£¶ڿˣŻᵢո·ʱ䡣ҶЩھε˵ӱޣʮұִܵﾩˣԼƫƫڹ¶ˡ
·ϽȻط䣬ҺˡOæߵ˿ջƹҪ˷䣬ϽҶȥˡ
Ƚ⼸ҪõĶ˵˷ȱ㼱Ҵҵҩȥˡ
OСһȥȷţСԼԹԴڴ棬Щ첽ȥҶķ䣬룬O
Ҷ䷿Ĵ򿪣ſ첽ߵȥҶ
Ҷ䣿ôˣOȥҶ䣬ʵ
ҶѾϴˣǽOæȥȥҩˣһ̱ˡ
֮ǰŵOζ˿̿OҶϱԽḶ̵́ˡ
Լһʧȥ˺Oæҧߴ٣Ͻߣﲻܴĵط
Oƺܣ˵ҧ˵ģˡ
Լ֮ǰ¶ھҶûҶ¶ˣԼȴԹۡ
ôţO˹ȥһҶ࣬ҶҲಱ¶˳
OѾҩڣҪȥ˺Ҷϵĸҩ
Ȼһ̣ͱҶסˣ̧üϽߣһ̲סˣ㣬Ͻȥɡ
ҶܵᶼˣֻǰڸϽ뿪һ¡
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶЩ̵࣬ĳҶЦЦܳʲô£Ҳ𣿰¶ҲӦõġ
˽OҪŲסˡҶЩίӣôǲأ
ûֻ֣Щ˵ţOѾҶ䲱ĸҩ˺ˣȻ㿴ͮͮڡ
Oһ£Ҷֱ߳ˣߣҵȸҩͺá
Oȴû˵˼Ƭ̣¶ʲôһԼĸҩҲ˺
һӿὫҶ
ҶŵζʱȴӵļͣҲһЩ
𣬿ߣ̲סˣ̲סˡҶͷϵˣˮһίĿޣһ߿ŽO
һ¶ڵǬԪߴжΣգôǲأˣ
OҲû뵽ҶȻˣΪҶܵģæ˹ȥḧ˸Ҷ࣬£Ұ⡣
O˵ű˹ȥҧһڣ֪ҶʹƣO㲻ҶֻҶҧһССĿӣֽŨܵ㼷һЩ
ʱＫУĶȥأ
Oֻ£Ҷĸˣ󣬺ۡ
Oʹ֣ͣĪޣҧһڣҧһڱˡ
˵ţԼڴյҶĴߡ
Ҷ嶼ڲǰϲһֻҪҧȥˣֻҪҧһھͺá
漴ҧأԼչȥһԼʧȥˣǻẦ˽O


96 
, ϽߡҶίһ߿ޣһȥƽOļ
ڵ龰ͺñҶ, ȻǰŴȵȺܶóԵģϧֻ, ҳ, ˡ
û, ˱ҧһڣֲǲҧ, ҧOָָԼ, ƵýڴյҶĴߡ
, СҶ޵, Ķ˰ιߵģĿ̲סˡ
OҶܵˣȴԾɲҧԼһ, Oü΢΢, ôˣ˵Ըҧģֻҧͺˡ
Ҷ˽Oһѣ㲻֪ǬԪʧȥж, ϽߣҲԼڵ¡
ɲԼҰһǽO, ˣֲǱЮĶ
ôţҶݺݵԼĴһ, һߵǽԸ, ҲԽOµġ
Ϊһǰζһ֮ǰҪôǽO¶ڣҪôԼˣOΪ˰ԼȫԼѵ²ȥҧĽOβһҧˣǻҪɴˡ
ҶԼ֪䣬Ҷҧ´꣬´ҧˣɼʹ˶
OſҶϣû뵽ҶôܳӣҲҧԼһڣOһεε䡣
ҶˣãˣˣһȽҩ
OתȥҶӣתصԼķ䣬һϷţ㱳Լķ
ԼȥˣȴҧһڣҶĶԼ⣬ĻַӦ
ԼȻȥˣǾѾ˼ǹˣҶԼˣҲ޷֮ǰҲɹˣ˳ҶƫƫܾԼ
Ѿ֪һ·ϵĵڶٴˣ뵽OĿڱǱʹԼһǵĸŹŮҶϣ˼һ޶ԣǳԼ⣬Oʵ벻ڶˡ
һ߿ޣһ߶Լڷſᡣ
ֹһȼҴҵĻˣҲ˲ţŽҶķ
ߵҶ䴲ǰʱһҶѴ궼ҧˣʶҲѾЩɢˡ
ˣһˣҩϽȰҩˡ
˵ţȼҴҵȥǱ߶һˮƿҩҶţŽˮιҶ䴽ߡ
ҶĽҩȥ۵˯˹ȥ
ȼҶ˯ˣ˿
Լһˣ׼ȥչҶˡ
׼ƿȥҶ䷿ʱ򣬽Oķſˡ
̧ȣʵôˣ
ҩ˯ˣѾöˣҹȥˣҲϢһ°ɡ˵ţ䵽˽O۾ϣôýO޹ˣ
OҶûˣȵ˵ͷá
˵꣬O˷䣬ոտһһЩ֮󣬱ȥڽСӽӻ˷䡣
գҶ䶼ûг䣬ÿ﷢ˣ¶ڵҩ裬ԷҲȸ˵ԣһֱգҶų׽¶ڡ
յϣҶӷʱҲӷĽOСӡ
СӿҶ䣬ĵĲУСȾҪȥҶҪ
ֻŸ㱻Լҽ㱧¥ˡ
ǣǣҶ㱧ң~Сһü첻Ҷ䣬Ҷ䡣
Ҫ鷳˼ңǻؾȥѾ鷳ˡ
Ҷ˵鷳Oû˵ĻᣬСӾ¥ˡ
Ҷ촽֪յ飬ԼǽOˡ
̾˿׼ҸᣬͽOһ¡
Ҷ¥緹ʱ򣬱һֱڿOOǲǻҵ
OûȥҶ䣬ǼͷԼ⽣̧Ҷ䣬ʳԣ޲
ҶЩεĳ彪OЦЦԹԵԼԷˡ
СһһҶ䣬һֿԼҽ㣬Ŵ۾ʲôһҲɵĲ˵ˡ
ûûεȶ˲ԾԼȥOҶ䣬ֻͷԡ
緹Ҷ׼ٴ̡
ҶԼȥýOķţOҰǰᶫ
O˷ţ߿Ҷ䣬ͷˣԼͺá
˵ţOƹҶ䣬ֱӱŻĶ¥ˡ
Ҷ̾˿Сӵ۾
ɴĴյСһߣʵ⼸ǲ鲻ã
СһͷСȦԲȦյҶߵԣҶ㣬ǲǺҽ㳳ˣǰڼеʱĸ׺͸׳ˣҲüղԷ
ҶСһοû£ˣվͺˣԹԵġ
ŶСһӦ
Oź˶ˣСһﻹվOֱӱСһ¥
Ҷֻεĸں棬Ҳ֪Լ˽Oһ⣬˼һŹŮܾ˼ңȷʵЩףʱòֻϣսO
ȻļգûкתO˭ģǶҶ䡣
ԭÿճԷʱ˵Цģ⼸գҶ쳣ĳĬСӶ˺ܶ࣬ǵĽˡ
⼸ձֹжȹˣʱ÷ɿ죬תۼʮչȥҶǽҪˣĻʱܵｪ
һ·ϣO쳣ĳĬ˫߬һȴֲ֪Լ׸ôźá
ʱ洫ȵ
㿴ǵĳŵˣɣǾǡȸ̾
ҶҲϵ֣˿תƿ濪ڵOϾ͵ˡ
˵ţҶֿСӣˣģ
ģСһ˷ܵľ˫֣ڳԭر˼£Үˡ
OһĵãҲֵĵ£ǽOȴһЦҲ
ǲǽչҶҲûԺˣ
˼ˣOǱ˺һ㣬۵Գ֡
СһۿˣΪһǼģĵץŽֻȥ㣬ܼĸ׺ͳˣҺѽ
Oס˻Сһ૵ǰǡ


97 
ʱ, Ҷǵ뵽˾УǴǸսҲ쳣֡
ҶСĵĸȥ, ٽֵĵ۴αȣ·̯߰С̷ҲȻ, ȷʵһء
˵, ȴƺδԾǲʲôӰ졣
Ҷ³ײ, ˷Żٶȣһֱʱǵŵ˽ſڡ
Ҷתƿ, 濴ȥ, ˽Oīɫӡ
, ³ɡ֪ô, ҶЩҶϽOӣĳҲ̫һΪOϲ, Ͼ, O뿪Ѿаˡ
ڳĽOȴôƽҶ˿ܲһ㽪Oϲ֮飬Сһ˫־ٵĸ߸ߵ, ȥġ
ҮҵˣҶ, ҼкöóԵģһԣСһ￪ĵ˵Ҷ仳
ҶСЦЦСӱ
Oأһ, ߿Ҷ䣬, û˵
Ҷ߿˽Ĵţſ˸ʯʨӣɫģϺȻдŽ֣һ֪סŵ˷Ǹ
Ҷջߣ˽Ĵš
ʱС˹ˣֻǴֻһŷ죬С˼һûŮɣüʵ˭ɵ˰ݷõӣǽɲʲô˶ܽġ
Ҷ䵹ɫƽЩ˼ҵ˻ֺͦġ
ǸĶССھſڡ
СȻţǰŷ쿪ĴЩͬʱﾯ鸮ҪǸ˵ĻСǻ
С˿ſڵĽOͽOʱ˶ˡ
С㡢С㣿ǣ
ǸȻлɸе˻Ƕ֪ˣССݸͷɢˣһʧپǴʱ䣬˶˽СѾˣû뵽˾Ȼö˶˵վſڣ
O߿Сˣ˵ŭôҽţҲҪݰ𣿡
ǣǣСʧˣСˡλ
˵ţС˸æĴŴ򿪣ֳһȥͨһ˵ССˡ
ŷСƺǲţΪڿЦֻǵСߵ濴OͽʱʶOԼˡ
СæŽO񣬡С㣬Եھȥˡ
˵ţС˱Ž˽
һ·ȻסȥܵȻԺʱˡ
򣬷ˣϲ£дϲ¡
ȻڷȲ裬С˴󺰴Уüǳʲôϲ£鸮ˣ۵ʲôʱҲʧ˷ִ硣
ǣ˽ѵǣֻС̫ˣССˡС˵
ʲôģȻսСˣϢĲ豭ˣ˸ֱվ
ģǧȷСƶѾߵǰˡС˼
̫ˣ̫ˡȻ˵æۿͨȥԸߵŮȥүʹСȥǰ˵Oǻˡ
ǣˡŮæС˳ȥ
ȻСǰȥˣʱĶ˵ʲô̬
һߣOҶǰǱȥˡ
Ҷһ·϶Ĵò˵Oļȷʵԣⶼ֪߹ĵڶˣǸ߹ٵĸۡ
Oȴǰ棬ɫįıżͻ˷ܵĽγĶԱȡ
Сһﵽ˼ңĻˣкööĺóԵģﻹиʽߣ̫óԵĺˣ˷ܵĸ߾С֣һٺ١
Ҷ仹СһЦЦСԺͲø¶޵ˡ
ʱ˱ߵ˽ǰOҲ˻Сӡ
ԸһԵˣ裬ȥЩ
ǡŮȥ׼
ЩӦĴյҶߣû뵽OôǮȥĶࡣ
Ҷһʯͷȴ˵أOĺøжԾͣ45û£ѽOͻؽھ漸ձ뿪
㣬һʱ䵽߿
ʱȻСŽǰOĻˣȻ£OﻹΪҲˡ
Ȼ˵ű㱧ȥ޵ģOҲɵúۿ
ҺöúõأޡOο
ԣҵ˵ţȻɿ˽OָæѵϵСӱ
ﲻãŪˣһ·һ˺ܶǲǣֺǲնԲȻ۵ʵ
СһԼСӣ˸յݵʱ򣬰Щ֮һٷûٳԣСϵཱུģûݰɣ
ףҳԵͦģҶҺóԵġСһԺ˵
ȻҲһ˿˿ԾŮôźǱǰһЩȷֻ˼¸е
ûͺãûͺáȻ˵ţſҶȡ
֮ǰŮȥҹŮӶŮ֪ҶƷҲŮǬԪһģΪǶŮΪ˿οǲô˵ģû뵽ŮǬԪòȷʵÿ
Ҷ䣿Ȼ˲ᣬЦʵ
ҶŰȻһ񣬡ĸãҶ䣬ԱȣǶһ·ӻĹĻ顣
ãúӣллչ˽OͽǣҲټŮȻвסĵлʵڴҶ䡣
֮ǰŮ˵ŮҶŮǬԪϵһ㣬ڿҶ⺢òһһģôԶĵطһ·ŮؾɼƷҲû˵
ͬŮһˣҲûʲô׵ģǼҲȱǮĳףŮҲܿ
Ҷ໥֣ԼĹ͡ҶЦ˵
ȻҶһƬֲϲӹʱ˼֡
ʱҲСŽǰO̫ˣ̫û¡
ƽ˷Գֵ鸮ŮһʱҲû˷ִ磬ֱӱ˵ϵСתȦ벻㣿
СһﱧĴ㣬ĵֱ֡
СӣһѰѽO§˻ãǶúõġ
㲻õģҺһ·϶ûԹࡣ
Ŵ𽪽OκߵʱûʲôҲûбֻĥƼݣôĺÿŸоСһߵʱһЩҲһЩ˺ܶӡ
Ƕû¾ͺá彪OЦЦ˵
ֿҶȣλǣ
Ҷȣһ·϶շҺƽƽĻˡOڵ
䵽Ҷϣ¶һ˿˿ȣû뵽Ů˵ģҶ䣬ȷòڡ
˼ûûмӦҲױЩǮ˼ҵŮ쿴ϣôõҲⷽ棬Ҷ䵹á
һţһ߶Ҷ买һ񣬲ô˵˼Ұȫȫβͻʵʵġ
ллһ·OôԶĵطͻһܲףոջϵˣ׼緹һٰסµġЦ˵
ҶʵûڽסֵطĶǵģļʲô紵ݶûһܱᴫˡ
ԼڽסµĻ¶ԽOãҶҲ۽O˵סҲɣȻס棬ȥĶȥˣʲôˣʡ鷳
ҶҪлʱһȵȣǽ鹣øĴлȻ٣İǬԪڸУʹá
˵ţ±ǰһɫۣԵóȶϡ


98 
⻰, Oü
Ȼü򽪳£ôô˵˼ҶŮ, ȻסڼУúôл
úôл, İǬԪסڼ, ɲС˵, µ߿Ҷ䣬´Ҷһһ˫۾ĶҶ, λߵĿ, ƵҶƿߡ
Ҷȴûж, ֻƽĿŽ, ûƿߣǺɫܰ˵Ķһ㣬ǽƿĿ⡣
ſ򽪽Oͽ, Ůúõ, ǸܵOϲûдİǬԪζ¼ֱǴϲ
ԭΪŮѾǸҶҰǬԪ, û뵽Ůɸɾģ㲻ܺͻҽ, ܸŮҸŵԵĺ˼ҡ
OȻΪǸˡ˵, ֿҶ䣬ǽŮͻؾǵģ
, Ҷ䣬ȣһ·϶һġҶ俪ڵ
¶Ҷ˵ͷãһˣҶȻǰ׸ɣˡ
䣬һ̴ӱһ˹滹ź첼
ǲ˽ҪʲôæֹʲôǿͣԺ̸
¿򽪽üһֲסڡ
˵ţһѳϵĺ첼Ȼӡ
߿Ҷ䣬ڵλǽ㣬Ӿ͵ǼҽOл°ɡ
˵ţֿҶЦЦڵǸް׶ԾͲλ÷ˣλǻʲôҪھҽĴ֮еĶ㶼һʹˡ
Ҷ߿򽪳£ҲЦˣһλߵ̬߸ϵģ±ԼûݺͼմϹϵ
ôô˵Ҷ䣬֪֪һ·ʲôOҲ̲ȥˣҶӣֱӴҶʲô
ܾʲôλǸ뿪֮ȫˣһЩеļ䣬Ҳáºǳ
O˺һʱЩǰԼĸףȻ׶Ƕ˷ľӣڳиͳ񲿣ǣرֵˣЩô˵ġ
ôô˵֪֪Ҷ伸ңֱˡOۿˡ
Ҳ¶ãҿԽԽûˣǰѧЩǶȥĶˣô˵
ȻҲ̲ȥˣ£ֹûУŮǽջǴϲ£Ҫô
ôˣǸȹһЩΪлⲻǵʲô׵ģ
˵ţֿҶ䣬û뵽Լļ˶Ҷ˵˶Ҷֲôûб¶Ҷǰɣ˵˵ɣӣǻҪЩʲôֻҪ̫֣ҶӦ
ҶЦЦһ񣬡˶ˣͽOҲΪӣΪʲôʲôҪ
˵ţЦſˣ䵽˽OϣȻѾ͵ˣҲˣλˡ
˵ţҶ㿴ߵȣ߰ɡ
Ҳϲ£æҶ䡣
OȴЩˣۿҶ䣬ۿδ䣬Ҷ䣬Ҫ𣿡
Ҷת򽪽O彪O˵ͷ޲ɢ֮ϯȻѾƽƽͻˣһʯͷҲ˵أҪֿģЩЩûʲô𡣡
Ҷ˵˵ţԼҲĪЩܣǿ˵չ˺Լء
˵ţתҪߡ
ȵȣҺһߡO᲻֪ʲôʱѾ£СܵҶߣקסҶ
ҶЩĻͷתȥOͼOȻˡ
ҶҲЩ£ϾO֮ǰҪؼңѾˣôͻȻҪԼأ
ڰȻСһﲻ֪ʲôʱҲˣŴӰȻ
ȻûдӴŮ˵ҪҶߵлعСŮҲҪµأֱһͷ󣬡ʲôȥ
СһСĨһᣬСȵߵߵߵܵҶߣһѾͱסҶĴȣĿҶ䣬Ҷ㣬㲻ҪҺͽҼкöóԵģҷﻹкöߣҶ㣬ܲܲҪߡ
Ҷ俴ſ޵ۿͮͮһһСһʱҲЩѡ
Լ˽ԭֱӸOģ˼ҵĸĸ㶼ǰҶôЩףݸ˽OţĪˡ
ܲ˽OᣬOһޣԼҲܡ
OûҶݹôĿҶ䡣
Ҷͷֿ˿СӣͼСһҲ޻
æСһֲ˲ᣬˣջؼˣӦø˲ǡ
㲻ˣҲġСһﱧҶĴȾһͿޣ֣Ҷˡ
ҶСһᣬԼOûӣǽOϵѾĶˣǱ
ҶҲ˲ôˣýŽO˲ᣬһ߲һţˣ۾һҪˡ
OҶڿϸˣӿˮȴˡ
ѾҶսʮգ·ϵÿһ춼ϧÿһյʱ⣬Լȴʱȫ˷˶棬ںܺڡ
Ķͷϵˣַ߷ߵָŽOҶ䣬ɺͳɺͳO㻹ǲǵŮҽܣ㶼׵ȥˣ
˵ţߵָ򽪽ĲʡģСҲˣˣأ˱ߣ
æǰȥȥСӣȻСӿ޵ĸˣ˶ſҶϣԼҶ
ȻҲǿȥˣæڵʲôǴϲӣ㿴ŮƳʲôˣҶסʲô׵ģ
˵ףǾǲףﻹֲ
˵ţֿ򽪽Oǻ׵Ļڱ߻Ҷ뿪
ŮΪһŮˣף鸮Ůݡ
O̧ףҺһߡ
㣬ҪǰɣҲû뵽ŮôǶûǣôѿڶˡ
ȻҲû뵽Oô˵ͬɷҲŮ뿪Ÿոط꣬û˵ϼء
O֪̫ЩŸջﻹûкúú˵ϻأôܾôأȻҲǿû뵽ҶŮķôء
ҶԽԽ˿æŽOֲǽվҪߣһھһʱ䣬ҺȾһסǸո·ľջ£ʱңΪҺͼִŸջĸ׻нú˵˵
أOӣʵ
ûϵģҺȶûǣ⼸ھ߿㲻õŸջȺͼɰɣĪˡ˵ţҶĸOɾˡ
OŻ˹Ҷ˵ҲǣҲȷʵ׺ͽˣкöĻ˵־ø׵Ҷίˡ
ϾҶ·ϼȣҪûҶ䣬ֻˣĸ׶ľȴ̬ȣ˵Ҷˣĺ
ίOۿҶ䣬
޷ǳЩҶҶˣûȥ㲻ҾίúڼЪϢɡҶȰš
˵ţְСӱСһ˲ᣬţ˺òãСԲ޵Ͱˣֲǲˣڼգȹҹȥòã
𣿡СһίͰ͵ĿҶ䣬һҶƭӡ
ģʲôʱƭ㣿ҶЦ
Сһĵ˵ͷǺðɣǣ
СһСֺҶҶҲϵĺСһˣȥװɣòã϶ˡ
˵ţҶֱСߵ˰ȻǰСһݸ˰Ȼ
ĸҾˡ˵ţҶֿĽ£ЦˣǱ㲻һžˣȸˡ
˵ֿ˿OOʶסҶ䡣
Ҷգգ۾ģĲߣǲţտԹ鿴
O߿Ҷ䣬ȷҶĲߣŽɿ
Ҷȿ첽뿪ˡ
ؿҶȲˣҲװˣɴһҰöѣҪҵӣװôߣԺɱڣߣԲ


99 
, ڼֱ˵꣬ȻæԽOͽ߰ɣȥ, кö໰˵
áOҲٺͽ磬ŰȻȥ, 滹Ž
һ, ǰֻʣ˽һˡ
µɫر任, Լӣ˦뿪
OĸĸסԺ䣬ĸ׵ķ
ȻԸŮɫĵĺͲ, ÷Ůȫȥˡ
Сһ, Сӵ˰ɣȳЩ
ŷСȻ, Ҳȷʵ, Сץŵıܳһ߳ԣһ߻ȥ
Ȼ˿Сһ, ü, Ǽôɰ̧˽Oӣ̾˿, ⼸꣬ĹԽԽ, ҲԽԽ̣ʵڲ룬ЩǴ˵ġ
Ȼ˵̾˿, Ҳ̫ǣվߵ, ңOʵңҶչһˣ
Oüģɬҡҡͷ˵Ҷ䶼ûʼ׻
ôˣȻŮ䣬æʵ
OҡҡͷҲ֪ϲϲңҵȷ⡣
ʲôһദ˰࣬㻹𣿡ȻҲЩˣϾŮòͲ˵ӦûмǬԪݰɣ
OҡҡͷҿҺܺã¶ỤңҲҵģΣ֮¸ңܸоںңǽںҲϲҡ
򴽣O˻ּУ֮ǰӵʱǡ¶ڣʱն¶Ұ⣬û¶ڵҩ裬Ҷ滺ġ
ĻOûü˵ȻʵûǬԪζûͬ
ţÿΰ滺ǽÿΰ滺ʱԼĴȣʧȥǣðҵ
O뵽ʲôƵģεЦЦң¶ڣʧȥǵʱ򣬰ڻвҧȫǺۣҲûһֵĻôġ
ʲôȻҲò죬¶ڣǬԪæ滺ĻǬԪ϶ʧȥǣĽֻнһ֣ûĸǬԪôǿԿȻ̵סջ
O˵ͷ˵ĶģаǰҶ¶ˣʱݣҪȥ磽⣬ҳȥһΪºˡ
Ҷ仹治һ㡣Ȼ̾
ȷʵܺãӵ·ȺҪҶ佫ϣڱ㿴ˣк˶ŮһͬһգŮ뿪ˣ׷ɱŮɱȴǣЩ˸Ǹ֣Ҷҵһʮ ҪˣƵк֮ܶ࣬ûҺԻ
O½˽ӻĵʱ룬ȻþĶǡ
ҶأʲôоȻʵ
O򴽣ҡ֮Ҳ뿪Ҳ뿪ҡ
һ뵽Ҷ˱ԱOĿڱµûţǱһۣ
Ȼ߿򽪽O̾˿ԼŮ綼ҶˣҲǣһ·Ͼô飬Ҷ仹ȹҽOΣҲѹŮȫҶ䡣
ãҲˣԼĻ±ԼɣȻϲ취±ǣˡ
šOҲ˵ͷձȥҶ䡣
СһѾģʣµӵԼǰ
Сһ̧ŽO㣬ʲôʱȥҶ㣬ҪóԵġ
OųԵһСӣü΢䣬Сһﻹͦĵġ
հɣǺúϢһ˯˾ȥҶ㡣OЦ
ãҪҵȥҶ档Сһһ˷ܵ˵
˵أſС˽ˣλС㣬ͶСһλŮǰӴС㡣
°ɡO˵ͷ˵
Ȼ䵽Ǹľϣʵʲô
OЦЦ߹ȥӴ򿪣ʽСߣߣס˼£ƽȥ֣ʲôҶҶҲܾö֮˺öࡣ
Сһǿĵ˹ȥһȫϲߣҵģٺ١
ȻСŮ߶һӣ֪ǵ֮ûʲô࣬ЦЦС˵˰С̧ɡ
ǣˡСȥˡ
ǶˣȻֿڵյίҶˣϵӿɻӣȥʱ򣬸һЩȥ
OҡҡͷҶӦòȱӣøˣĺóԵĵǿԴһЩ
ãԼŰɡȻЦ˵
ȥ˰ɣձ㶼÷ɡȻڵ
ã׼˵ţŶŵŮ˼ŮǺܿȥ׼ˡ
һʽĲƷ㱻˵֣ҲֵķΧڣƫƫĸɫʳĶȱеԴͨˮ·½·ϵǣĴٹǸóʲôǳʲô
Сһﶼˣ۾ôģҪǸ⣡
ãҸСȻСŮôɰĶ컯ˡ
OҲæҲԼķˡ
ʱԶ鷿Ľ»αͦ鷿
ŰȻȥԷأµĶӹ๾ĽţҲҧˣ̫ӣðȻȵͷȻϺڣ
Ȼ˰Σ¶ĲˣҲûȵ˽鷿˳ȥʵ˻ǽûв˹ң
СæĴүûС
˵ţֿ˿µɫʵү費Ҫ˽˸
أû÷𣿡¼ʵ
Сͷĸˣ˺ͼλСѾϷˡ
µɫѿˣ˰ҧ˱͹
ǣǡСæ
һߣҶǸ˾ջſڣ˽ҪõĶ˿ջĻƣûƽưúá
˽ŵ˷䣬Ҷȳ˿ջ˴ڸҸ¥÷
ˣҪͽСô찡ʵ
ûʲôôģҲ˵ˣҪֿģԺ˵ҲֿҶʵʵ˵ֻʣһɲܻȷֿ
ǲУһӸ㡣æڵѾûĶĶ
һôԺĶ˵׼һϲأҶЦ
ᣬûסʲôûУڵһж˸ģȴûԼԺҪס
ԺϲͲô˵ˡҶЦŴȤ
˵Цʱ򣬲ԶһŮӵĺ

һƥɫԶֱײ˹·˷׷ױá
ҶԱߣһС㶵վ·м䣬ѾԶĺſˣ˶ܡ
ۿҪ̤ˣҶ첽˹ȥһС·ߣһ룬ȱ̤˸ոСŮվλá
Ҷ֮յıźӶ㿪Ĳ̤ûͣ£ϵŮӲͣקƥǳǰȥˡ
ҶüŮӣﲻסһŭ治ǾǣЩȨݽ棬ոԼĻ⺢ӿѾˣǺúݵġ
˿Լ﷢СҶ䱧С˵ߣûˣûˣޣǳԺòã
˵ţҶ㱧Сߵ·ߵ̯λǰǹô
ǹϰǸϴƺҲոյһĻŵòᣬҶˣŻ
ղŶ㣬ҪȻһǹСѹѹҪǮˡϴǸˣץһǹŵֽ
ҶֽӹǴӻʮǮ
ҪҪ͸Сѵġ֡
Ҷ仹ǰʮǮŵ˴С̯ϣһöǹιСѡ
СѳԵǹŲˡ
Ҷһ߱Сѣһʵû˹ܵ𣿡
ϴ̾˿ﵽǹˣģǼǮƵģ˭ȥܣϸ»и˵һСӶȾôıȶˣ󻹲ЩǮ֮
û˱𣿡Ҷּʵ
٣ٹ໤ھǵģĸ˾ͰЩǵҴ͸ˡ˵ϴ̾ͬݽ棬Щյ˼һĲֵ
ʱȺСӵҲ˹
ҩû°ɣˣ˵·ߵ⺢ӣˣˡ˵ţŮ˽ӴҶ仳ﱧ˹ȥԼŮ
ոտǱߵʣ򼸸ԣŮԼСһﲻ֪ʲôʱ͵͵ˣ
Ůվ·мʱĶˣǸλûһξ룬Ƿɶɲȥ˾Ů
ţæҶ¹򣬡ллŮлл
Ҷæקлңֻ˳ֶѣúú庢Ӱɡ
˵ţҶֽҲݸŮˣǹ԰ɡ
ŮæӹҶݹֱֽŻСһﰲ


100 
Ҷ̾˿, ׼ٰСѼ䣬Ҫ˵ʱ򣬲ԶողĺŮ, Ҷˣ󻹸ŲٵĻ, Ů˵û
СŹ, ߿Ҷ, ǺŮ˾Ƭ̣ſڣû°ɣոʵڲ˼̫, û뵽ͻȻʧ, û˰ɣ
Ҷ䵭һ, ӦóСǸ
Ů˳ոյСЦЦ, ӻͳһСԪŴأŮ˽ĽԪݸС, Ц, Ǹˡ
СѾһЩˣЩ¶ץŽԪ, ֪ⶫʲô
ǺŮֶСһĸ׵λʵڶԲס, ҵոʧˣ½⡣
Сĸ׿ŮһְۣСĽԪ˳, ֱظ˺ŮˣǵǮ, Щ˿ɲҪλŹǹ¶ĸģҪˡ
ˣ㶼ҪҶⲻˣ㻹ϽܣǺŮѾЩͷˡ
Ǹ˼Ҳѡ񲻽ܣʲôģңҲܡҶʱĲ廰
ʲô˼ǺŮ˿ʵ
˼ЩӣһǺӵ˵ʲôɶĸ˵ȴĶ˵ţҶֿǱӵŮˣźӻȥɡ
Ů˸мĿ˿Ҷ䣬æŻĺתˡ
ҶŮԶˣԼſȣ߰ɣҲȥԷ
šæͷӦ
ǺŮȴסҶȥ·ȵȣߣ
µ㣬ֲңΪʲôߣҶ俴ŮһۣתҪ뿪
Ůȴǿ첽סҶȥ·ʲô
Ҷ俴һۣûᡣ
ŮŵһǬԪ̲סˣʲô̬ȣȻҶԿô˵ҿǲˣ
ôˣǷǷʲô£ΪξǲˣЩ˼ֱҶþǵЩȨ˳вԼ۸ڶ£ܵһϣҲЦˡ
񡣡ǬԪ˵ţҶ䶯֣ǺŮ
ͦ˼ġǺŮ˳ҶЦЦ˵
ҶֻвûдŮˣֱӺˡ
Ҷ뿪֮Ů˿ٽߵĻ䣬ֿ˿ҶıӰ뿪
Ҷߺһ¥Էֻúõ飬ȫǸƻˣҶҲȷʵˣ˳˲ٵĶŻ˿ջ
˿ջҶõұˮϴ˸裬ڿջˡ
һҶֱ˯ڣԺȥȣҲŸѣ˽ȥ¥µĴ׼Է
ҶȵһЩˣ˱ڴš
̾˿һˣֲϰߵģҲ֪ôˣ
ҶЦЦοʲôʱܳ˯õ
⵹ǡȺҶһЦ˹ʶ
һûһʱջͻȻһˣǸźµĿʱһɫȹûʱôˡ
˿첽˽Сһƣ֪ǲǵĹˣЦҪ÷סꣿ
ŮߵǳϹĹۣĿʶˣ滹뿪𣿡
ˡСʵ۲ʶ̩ɽСæҾⲻǵ
·˵ţǻСһ߿ˡ
ọ̈̄Ů˶ûж࿴СһۣһŰˣɨһ¿ջĴڿҶʱЦݡ
¥°ҸոջȥءŮЦҶȥϾ÷Ҳ̫ªˣҴȥ¥÷ɣǿǾõľ¥
Ҷ߿ŮˣڵˣҲʶ㣬ûҪһ÷
㻹ΪƥײʵżȻȻҲô졣
Ҷһвɵı鿴ŮˣײǸСŮֲܲʲô
أʲôϵλǰɣЩ뿪ɣӰҺ÷Ҷ䵭Ŀڵ
ɲͻʼҵմϰϵϴһŮԼ㶪ˣһʲôϽԶɣɱ
Ů˼Ҷ䲻ϵЦҲЩҲסˣҿĿҵ׹ùãȷҪܾң
Ҷƽĵ˵ͷȷ벻Ҫǡ
ҲҶˣ֪֪жٵǬԪ
жٺûйϵҲʸκˡҶ䵭֪ٴ㲡
ȴҶЦЦЩ˶һȤˣǺã㲻һ÷Աܹܲ˰ɣ
㣬ջֲҿġҶԹԵĺȼ˵ֻǸƺһֱڶ
ʱСҶǵķ˶ˣСԸҲһݣҪһġ
ǣǣСȥ׼õĻھޣҲ֪ʲôʱʲô
ҶҲû˿ˣȳԱ˵
ǣҶͷɷûȥ
ķ˲һҲֻھüͷⶼʲôôѳԣôʵȥģ
˵ţҶǣⶫ벻˿ڣ¥Ĳȥ𣿡
ȥǳͦõģ֣·ϣܳЩѾܺˡ
üҶһۣ㣬Ҫȥ棬ҹ㡣
ҶҲҲȥĺ֣ҸͲʶ㣬ƾʲôҪҺһȥ
ҽһȥʶ㣬ô뾴ƲԳԷǰɣвˣȥĶסҶзҵ㣬Ҷ䡣
Ҷ䲻ӣֱ¥ȥҲʲôƷƣ֮Ҳȥ
Ҷ¥֮ߵĻſڵҲ̫ʶ̧ˡ
鵽ûʲôʲôģʵ
Ǵϱ߹ģûʲôֻǸյǵʱ˿ǵͣڽſڣǺͽЩϵ
ĸңʵ
齪ڵĽǵֻǰͣһСͽҵĹϵҲܣȻ϶ڽǻ
˹ǣûбǾͺðˡ


101 
ҶѾ¥, Ǹô·ҲȷʵˣϢһ, Ҷȥ֮˯ˡ
ڶʱ򣬾ǰһ˲, ֻǸ, Ҷɴ඼ûµջǰ÷, ȥڽȣҶ佻˻ƣǰѷ͵Լ
ûһ, 緹㱻͹, Ҷڷ￪ʼԡ
һ߳, һµĿڵ, Ǹ 粻ỹɣ
һ, ȻԱ, úóȥ䡣Ҷɲô࣬ȳԱ˵
ȻҶճ˰, в֮ţ, ƺ˻١
ܿģҶķű㱻ˣҶ, Ӧɣҿɽˡ
˵ţǿƿҶķ, ȻͼҶڷԷ
΢΢Цϣôûڴ緹
뱻˴šҶƳһۣ
󵨣Ǽҿ񡣡ߵĻüǳ
ȴǻһۣö񡣡
˵ţֶҶЦЦָָŵļСˣǼСﶼʳС
Сջ緹ûڣҸС緹ܺóԵģԳ
˵ţҲҶֱܾܲӶСǵˣѶ˹ȥ
ǣ
˵ţ˽ʳĸɫʳ˵ϣ£Ҷɲҳԣ³֮λʲôǣ
лл⣬ҺѾԵĲˣЩʳǶ߰ɣ˷ˡ
ϵЦ̧࣬Ҷ䣬һ͹緹㵽׻ʲôģΪʲôͲܽҵĺأ
ղżһ棬Ѷ㲻ϣʵһ̿֡Ҷ̾˿˵
ʲôµģԼԸ緹ģųԾͺˣʲôϵΪ
Ҷ̾˿ôλ˵ͨأԼܾ˼Ͳͻʼҵκǣ
һƽʵڲҺͿѣ뿤ҪΪǡҶּ
¥ϵҶʱ򣬽OѾСӺͽҵʹǳˡ
СһĻﱧһľͷ̵СӣԱ߻һ޲ƵССһЩ׼һҶ档
O׼˲ԼԺССĻˮװĸʳУҶһԵġ
ڳｹĵţʵǷֿʱһ춼ȴúܾûмҶˡ
һOǵھջſͣˣֻǵ˳֮󣬾ͼԱҲͣһΧվŵ̴ӻĶࡣ
OС˳żŮᶫ
O˿ջĴСƣٴУһĴ磬ܲµ˷Ǹ
æӭȥλҪס޻÷
ǣ˵ġOƽĿڵ
ô˵ģСһ
OüͷûжʣֻǿڵҿһҶסļӣ¥ȥ
ҶģСھޣôһģҶˣ
˹Ҷ䣿OüòӦðҶղŸյǣҲʲôѣУҲֻǶŮ˹ˡ
СȴҲһλŮ˶࣬һ¥ȥҶˡ
OɫҲҶסļ䷿ˣСӾ¥ȥŮͻæϡ
Сһ¥һûиסһء
OûСǾֱ¥ȥǴ˺̴ܶӣ̴ӡŮ϶ڷţʣҲ֪Ҷסļ䡣
Ȼһ϶¥ͼһ䷿ſڴӵŲŮ̴ӡ
Oü˹ȥ̴ס˽Oȥ·Ǻˣǿ£˵ȶ㿪Щ
ѵģҲ˵ȣҸ齪¡˵ţOͱСһȥߵŮİƿˡ
תͷҪǳ˭ôûɫ֪ԼڷҶ˵
Oʱ¶ɫ㣿ô
OҲһ㶣û뵽ĿҶ
Oܿعһ񣬡Ů
ö񣬲ΪʲôҶҵԶݣʵ
OҡҡͷŮҲ˵ˣݵʱҶң໥֣һ·Ϸȱֻûôˣһ˾ǡ
߿򽪽OôܾýOе⣿Ǿ໥֣ĲȨ
ǹ˹¶һΣյЦڴϼҶ䣬һģûǬԪζ֤ûһкܴĻᡣ
OɫҲҶѾͨ뿤ҪΪ 
ͨദʱ䶼д˰ɣỹδĵ
O򴽰꣬Ҷңصͬҳ֮нˣ˸߿Ѿݳɹһˡ
ҲԺ룬Ҳʲô⣬ֲǺͽOһڵ
Ҷ£Ҳ֪ôͻȻչæڴϵOҰ㱧˰ɡ
O߿Ҷ䣬Ц⣬ѻСӵݸҶ䣬Цſ
Ҷ䱧Сһ˵ߣЦʵ𣿡
ˣҴҶòãСһſҶ仳
ҶӦãϾòã
ţٺ١Сһ￪ĵĲУҶ߶߶Һͽ㻹Ǵ˺óԵģ̸⡢һ֣кöĺóԵģɺóˣ
ãллҡҶ䱧Сһȥ
ϵЦЩҲסˣ߿򽪽OСӰסʲô˼б¿Լ
ܿʲôֻҪҶϲ͹ˡOЦЦ
һۣؿ˼£аɣȻҶڲ㣬´´εĻ˵ֱӰ뵽ȥ
˵գʹŮʢ˵뿪ˡ
OȴüͷĿ޷죬O´ҶĻᱻŪȥЩġ
ҶǱѾСһһһСǸСľȥ
Oüģ̾˿һղôϵġ
ҶСһſڵùߵģǸڴײһСѣҽСѾˣ˼䣬Ů˲֪ĸ鵽ˣ͹ջһΣҾܾ֮ˡ
O򴽵ȨƣĲסȥˣλƷУпܰץȥ
˭˭ˣ;˸ˣôͱӲˣҶҲˡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻȥҶŮˣжŮæʲˡOڵ
Ҳͻʼҵ˳Ϲϵ
Ѿûѡˣ뿪ǣҲа취ڰ·㡣Oڵ


102 
ǺðɡҶεĻص, ˵ˣǸҴʲôóԵģ
Oô, ҲЦ⣬Ůǽ͹Ķȫȥ, ˽ԼĳԵȫڷŵϡ
ЩԺСĸ㡢ˮ, ȳòóԣ
áҶ彪OЦЦ, һʱЩ֪ȳĸãЩԵĿŶͦµġ
СһС̸ָ⣬˷ܵ, óԡ
, ġҶ˵, һСһƽ̸, ζ̵ģȻͦóԵġ
ó𣿡Сڴʵ
óԡҶЦСһ
ҲˡСһ֣
OȤԼһӻ, Ա԰, ҲԲôࡣ
ҮǣСһҲһ
Ҷ俴ųԵСһ΢䡣
ҶǳԵĲ, Oſڵҹζ࣬ھͶȥŮĸ, Ҷ䣬Ů廹ڰɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ, һֱء
Ǿͺã㲻ʲô, ھߡ
ãҺʰһ£Ǻ档Ҷ俪ڵ
ţҰʰO˵űҪҶڹ
Ҷ仹ֲ˼ģϾãɣԼͺá
OҶһѣЦȥ棬ɡ
ҶԼֲֻԼСһˣˡ
ʱȵĶʰˡ
ҶںŽOǵʱǱ㵽޵ס
ҶҪǰţͱſڵĻסˣĸϵģ𣿡
ҶԼĻȡ޸壬ڵǶҵģȥͨһ£˵Ҷ
ǻȻǼöƣҶ̬㹧ԵƬ̣Сȥͨ
˵ţǻɿܽ˸Уһ·С޵鷿
£С˴Ŵ
ҵ˲Ƕǰ˰Ҳǵʱҡ̧
һҶˣﻹơ˵ţǻæƳϡ
޿ƣ΢Ц죬
ǡ˵ţǻҪܳȥˡ
룬ֵȵȣ˴ɣʱ䣬Ҳʱ÷ˡ
ǣǻæһ˳ȥ
ʱһ·ܵ˸⣬λͣſھͺãСĽ
áҶ˵ͷС˽޵ĸۡ
޵ĸۡȽ󣬸ĳҲḻɽɫľԺһܴ˹ܷ
Ҷ䶼ˣǵĻŮۡĿǺ
һ˸ǻڸ˹գ֪˶ãŵ˷
λɣ¾档ǻæһƣͬʱҶ˫ַϡ
áҶӦһǻеƣߵ˷
޸ķܴ󣬵˿ֻ̣һ˶ڷԣҶˣæվ
Ҳ˵ǻ˽Ǻú÷ɼȥأû뵽ǵԼҹˡЦ˵
ұҲŵģʵ˼ֵ鷳¡Ҷ̾˿˵
£ֻҪܰϵģ㾡˵һ˵һָָ߰ɣ߳Ա˵
áҶ˵ͷǼԲ¡
ҶſڵڴϵҾһСŮȴңѾˣҿвݵͷŹæ
üƲЩݵӵܣĸΪƽ⳯оƣЩС´ǲġ
˭Ȼô޳ܡʵ
ҶЦЦĿ֪ûý㣬֮ѾˣҪҡ롯͡
üĸЩƽͲʵԶҲʡ͵ĵƣȥѲʱЩɱԼĴ̿ͣȥˣֻԷȥĶ̣ûץԷİѱ
ԼýƽֻҪϵĶ 
ʲôֶζҪŪ֣ҲֲҶԼ
޷û취ģǱҸס£סöУֱףȻ㲻ٲûȥˡЦ¶˵ʲôǶҶǻܰ˲ɣ
ûųסҶʵʵ˵ʵǴھǴһʱ䣬ѾǺóԺĵط߹䣬֮Ҫ뿪ˡ
Oȴ򴽿Ҷ䣬ζû˵
޸оЩԣڵҲû£ھǴţס뿪ĻҲ˻㣬ұ֤˿㣬̫ģȻˣסһʱ䣬˴ھǺú档
Ҷ˵ͷҲ˼ϾΪ㣬һ˿һ
ô᣿;뿪˰Щ˵
Ҷ䶼ˣ뿪ˣ׷ɱĴ̿ǣﰤһûˡ
һ𾪣ڵô㲻ң㿴
Ҷ˵žҪȥק·æԲסʱߵ̫û뵽Щ̿ͻᶢǣɣ㻹ҪʲôֻҪܸģҶȻ
Ҷ俴һۣ˵ġ
˵ģϡ
Ҷ˵ͷһûãҲ뿪ٸ㡣
ãΪ˱ҵǸ⣬⼸ҳմǳȥʶ޵
Ҷ˵ͷţȰǸҵ˵𡣡
ģס޵
˵һ޾Ͱˣ˴ҶȰ˵
˳ϵһЩõȹҲ̴ӰŰ˽ƥȻС˰æι
ҶסԺӾԺӵԱߣԺӺܴĿͷҲܶ࣬ҶѡҰŵĿͷ˱㿪ʼʰ˶
OҲһ԰ʰֻСһһĿģֻҪͺá
ҶʰжѾǰʱ֮ˡ
O˴գ˿ʱ䣬ҲôСһȥˣߣҶ仹û˵ϼ仰ء
ҶѾСһϴˣСһ˴ëҪҶһ档
һСڴϹһˣOüģʵЩ֪ôˡ
Լһ˹Ҷ䣬ԵЩͻأùٻ˵ҶˣһСһͻҶǺһţԼûʱҶ䵥ദ
СһŲ֪ԼҽʲôأĵĳŽO֣㣬һ棡
O̾˿һЦãˡ
ٺ~
һߣڸ䳡ǱһС˼Ҵҵ˹
ˣˣ
Ŀһۣ£Ӧ֪ġ
Сףֻǣ˶ҶҶǴӾջˡСæ
ʲôھȥĶ˵ţһаӵĺģĴҲ֮˹
ȥ˶µĸϣҿӣӦסˡС˼
ʲôɫҶ䲻һȨƵĲôֺ޳˹ϵ


103 
ôʶ޵ģüʵ
СҲСæ
ȥ顣Ը
, СͲȥ顣
һߣOѾСһ׼ظˣǽһ, ɫˡ
OĿĵСӣε̾˿, ȥ޸ϵĻ, ɲ, ôҲҪҶ䵥˵һ
ʱͣ˽ĴŴOСһ˳, ȥˡ
Ҳ˸, صԷ·, СʵСնЩʲô
Сȥ˾ջ, Ӿջ֮󣬱ȥ˶µĸϣһֱողŻСæص
µ˵ͷ, ˶ŵС, ÿֻҪˣұҪ֪ȥĶ
ǣСסС˸æˡ
С, µϲ¶˼ϲɫŮͶôӴ, ܺͶߵһأ
ôţ±ҲŮڸϣȥȥ, ҲǸѡ
صסĽOȫ֪Լĸˣȥ޸, ɳһԷ⣬ǺҶǴһġ
ô˵ܰҶͺܿˣϲҶ䱻ϡ
ҶǱߣһסϴ˸裬˯ˡ
ڶһ磬Ҷˣһ޵ĸۡй䣬Ǳ빬ȥˡ
һֱ޲Ż˸СȥҶһͬ÷Ҷż޵档
Ҷ֮ЦЦ˵ÿնôæ 㲻ùˣڸϳԵúáסúãõ¹һ
ôУ֮ǰң㻹Ϊ°һȻܵǣҲһҽջĸ£ҪʲôԸҡЦ˵
ȰҰ˵ɡҶüģɲԼʣµһʱ䶼׷ܡ
УʵֱĸʸͽOͻͺˣ˵ǲףΪʲôýսOҲڣ˵˵һԵʵ
ҶôԼֻʣһʱأһĳףԼһʱûѺøжˢǽOǸճ׾ͱѸǿɲУ뿴Oѹ
ûʲôԭһȥ߿ôסҶ˸
޵˵ͷҲǣҲûʲô˼һ˷Ҵȥ䡣
ðڣҾͲöǸˡҶ૵
緹ޱ׼Ҷһȥһľ¥
һ¥һ̨м裬Ա߻вòϺõŮһࡣ
гԷģҲеȲ迴ݵġ
ҶָָǱߣʵǣ
вٵľ¥Ϊˣļ輧ʦеġŮĶУһ㶼󣬵Ȼˣľ¥Щɲ͡
޺˿ڲ裬ּļʦòÿǵһֺ٣һ֪ˡ
ҶͷЦЦҲ¥¿ȥҲǹ˵ѷҲֻܿˣҲͦãû־¥
һʱ䣬ҶǶھ¥죬ӿЩ輧衣
OСһˣֻǱ˸֪ҶǸ޳ȥˣֻҶԺš
ҶǰȥˣСһ͵ȲˣҶȻˣССŵҶǰһѱסҶĴȣҶ㣬ȥĶˡ
ҶСһЦȥ˻裬˵ģȼǲǣ
ǣСһͷ
˵ģĵĵȷͦóԵģҲƯžĿЦŲ
OüģʵȥĶôģ
¥˵Ǿľ¥֮һ˵ǴȥʶҶһ߱С棬һߵ
ʵ˵ĺģڹŴҲȤˣ⡣
OְҶ仳СӱСȡ
ҺҶм仰뵥˵ĻOû˵붮
û⣬ұȥҷһ˵žСһ򣬱СһԼˡ
ﰲOߵűߣŹˡ
ҶЦЦʵôˣ
OߵҶǰչȥһҶȹϵζü΢΢𣬡ֵطԺȥԼϵζˡ
Ҷһ£ûʲôֻǱƽʱЩ֬۵ζ¥ľˣζˡ
õģ֬ζͦġҶһ£̧򽪽OOڵҶʵˡ
һúϴ裬ȹˣղȥˣȥҲҪһ֪𣿡Oü
Ҷ뷴˽OߣֲըˣֻùԹԻصãǳȥ棬ҿɵŽСˡ
OЦ⣬ǰ߽һҶͲôҵȹմȥκòãʱĻȫˣʺϳδ;
ãģȥĶҾȥĶҶЦӦ
OҶ京Цӣ΢΢Щ죬ֻûдĿ⣬ֱĶҶ۾еռΡ
ҶмܲסЩҵƿߣԼĺ󾱣ʲôʱȥҪһ𣿡
O˼ˣ䣬ðߡ
˵ţOҶɢķ˿ȴһ˲˲ĶҶ俴Ҷ䴹ԼOʵôңҽճǰǺúô˵ģͿ֬ҲƫһЩɫۣŵζˣ
ҶھȹϵϣôýOչֵֹģӺ󾱣̧˽Oһۣײ˽OЦӡ
Ҷæҵջߣæ޵֬ɫͦÿģҲͦģٺ١
OҶĸЦ㱻Цˣûô׷ŹҶ䡣
Oǰ˰벽ҶмľѾҲֻʣһȭˣֻ֬ÿأ㵹̧ۺúÿ
ҲÿҸղŶˡҶЩҵĻصO̫ˣһ
OƺҲҶͼְҶĺϣʲô㣿
û㡣Ҷ͵͵ȥĽ˻Ӳ
OȻС䴽ǣúţϵζţ¥Щϵζš
Ҷ˽OЦЦӣĪģˣչȥСĵһ£ǹɵĻصǿ϶ϸţǾڶ¥Ȳ裬Щ輧ԶҲ֪Ǻòš
ôԶʲôҳ㲻ɣOӣ챻ЦˣҪǲ֪ģǵΪǬԪ
ҶЦ£Ӳû£ұͦʹģѾŵˡ
Oε̾˿ĿⶨĿҶ䣬Ҹôźã


104 
O̾˿, ûټȥ
СһҶ˷Ż˽Դ, һֱһֻ۱һֻۡ
ڶһ磬OСһ, ԼҶҪȥκġ
, OһСһ, һȥ޸ϡ
O˽ȥͨʱҶȱˡ
, O˰ѳȥ˽⡣
Ѿǰ˴ֻ, ֮, ȥˡ
Ҷ仳С, ˷ܵĲУþûˡ
Ҷ䱧СһȥOȽ, OĴֻпԺȲԵĵλ, ܿߵķ羰
˴֮ûмŽ봬գվڼװϿΧķ羰ΧʱʱĴֻ
СһҶ仳Ҫ, Ҷ䲻СһȥСһһСˮ
, С㡣СһָźС
ҶԼܿɫĽȥOЩʳЦÿ궼ΪͶŲٵĽ, δˣʱʱιЩ, ǿô֡
㣬һҪι㡣Сһ˵ţֺͽOҪʳ
OЦŸСһһСһ˷ָܵҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ȥСࡣ
ҶЦЦãȥ
˵ţ㱧Сһ˹ȥСһ˷ܵİʳץһЩӵ˺
ΧеһһԾֱӱĳˮ棬СһֵĿ졣
ٺ٣ɰ
˵ţСһָҶ䣬Ҷ㣬ȥǱߣҪιС㡣
áҶǺƢĺСһһߡ
СһСּι㣬ʳСһﱻֵ۾
ҶʧЦҡҡͷСӵ򵥣ιͰСӶôġ
OһҲЦüۣһֱͺˣסҶͺˡ
O򴽣յҶߣʳݸŮԼĽ˳
㵹ǻʹˣҶ۵ģͷ϶ˡOһ˵ţһҶ
ҶֻЦſ£ֲء
Oȴûͣ£໹жͷϵĺȫ˲
Ҷŵǹɵһ˻СӣЩȻĳ彪OЦЦ
O䣬һι㣬ȴڿҶ䡣
ҶҲOڿֻðСϱ˱Сһ赲һ½OߣЩ˼ˡ
СһЩĪָӵҶ㣬ǰ㣬ҹˡ
úúáҶεıСһǰŲŲι㡣
ͽO˼죬ֻСӺι㡣
֮ǰԼԲûôС˷ܵڴιʳһֱһСʳιˣȺСһﻹδ
OҶ仳СӱŮڵ㱧һ
ǣС㡣ŮɫıСһ˵һԡ
ɫСӿûУҶ֣ǣǣҺҶ㻹û湻أ
OεЦЦȺȽһҶϢϢ˰ˡ
Ҷ˵ԼۣѾOǣסˣO˴գ˵һߵļװϣһļװûվˣǶһߡ
һʱ䣬װֻʣҶͽOˡ
ҶЩŵĴ˴֣ǣOôͻȻйˣ
Ҷ䣬㿴ǱߡϢĲݴ⻹вٵСι
ҶҲչȥ˿ò˵ŴĻĺܺãûЩҵֺˮ峺
˼ʱ򣬽Oƺûվȣһˤ˹
Ҷ˲ö룬һĶɳȥæס˽OĺסΣôˣôͻȻˤһ£
O˻һ˫ۻҶĺϣŤһ£𶯣ҿһ
Ťһ£ҴúƽȣղŸζûһ£ôͻȻŤˣ
ҶҲû룬ֻǽOոտǳ̲ϵ̫ˣæӦãЩŤ𣿡
û£ҿһˡO˵սҶϵ˫ۡ
࿿ҶļᣬյҶˬˬģûЩ֬ζOжЩˡ
ͬʱ־ЩԲסҶ䣬ҶոڵֻҸɱҶѡ
뵽O̾˿һŹŮЩǬԪģȴΪ˱Ҷһ£ô̵棬ʲôʱ뱧ͱ
ţOЩԹĵҶһۡ
Ҷȫ֪ԼΪʲôˣæʵôˣǲǻۣ
OҡҡͷˣֻЩδ㱧վһ͸͸ˡ
áҶæͷӦ£ԹԵŽOԼϢ
˿̣ǵСҲѾʻȥͦԶһξ룬ΧûСOҲԼҶ仳ᱻ
Ҷ䣬ΪʲôھǰأҺѵպһ𣿡OҶĻ˵Щģһ˵һսҶ˫ۣͺҪҶһ
ҡҶ䲻֪ôͣͽOǴһ𣬵Ҳʣµʱ䵽߿
һζΪЩøжȶԽOǿȣ̫ˣҲҪġ
O̧Ҷ䣬Ҷþô𲻳ʵĻһʱЩʧ䣬Щʵڲʵأ
ҿܳȥתתǵġ˵ô˵ҶԼ뿪ĻǴǲٻˡ
ȥ滨һʱ䣬ʣʱҲֻмˣԼʱصǵĻҪھǣǽOöѹ
ҶɲΪԼѹʲٻˣ·Ϻȷֿ
˼ԼֻҪѴ󲿷ֵĽһСԺס£Թס¡
ںΪģԼ뿪֮ǰһС
Ҷ俴˿ˣ䣬꣬ʶ˽OǼԼӦѾ׬ˣ
֪ôģOҶô˵ֻˣҶֱٴսͺǰҪ뿪Լһ
ҪҲ뿪ҡOҶ˵
ĺҶ䶼Լ촭ˣO㱧̫ˣ΢ɿһ㣬ҿ촭ˡ
ɣӦңĶȥߡO̧Ҷ䣬ɫ䣬ܰȥһ㡣
˱˵ʱ򣬽OŮСһˣû취ССһֱҪҶС㣬ֻܱ˹ˡ
û߳أͿλҶСıһǱ°һˡ
ǸϽ뿪ɣȻСĺ¡
СҲˣ۾ôģһĲţ͵͵ܵ߱棬


105 
СһСС, Сڲ̫㣬ǻǻȥɡ
ߺߡСһĹĵĺһѾ߱ˡ
ҶͽOֲµʱ, ǵδֶһδδڲǿ
ҶԶδڶǺ, Ťͷһ, ͼԶδװϺȻվһˡ
Ǻ, Ҷ䣬κôС, ô͸ˡ
˵, ĶűһҶͽO, , С㣬һ𲻺ðɣŮЩǹ淶أȫԺ𣿡
OҲĿû뵽׷ô, Ҷ䲻ǳκ, ˾ȻҲˡ
OûɿҶ䣬ǹ⿿Ҷ仳ңңĺ, ЦЦҺҶѾͨ, պҪ׵ģȻþЩ񣬵ǿô¹κˣ
ôСԵ, Ҷռ˲˵Ҫ⾩κռ𣿡ɫȥ
˵Ц, ȳҶԼϣԼȥĶ˭ߣ˿ɹܲˣ˵ˣҶڿǶµϱû˸ҵOô˵Ҷ䱳ޣ̫֡
ǹ˹ȷʵҽֻǹκģСҲ̫ˡ
OҲһЦ㡣
Ҷ俴˴ǹལӲһ仰ûҲ壬ԹԵŽOһֱû֡
OӮ泩ҶЦЦ
ҶҲŽOʧЦҡҡͷռͦǿġ
Ȼ֨ˣһֱҶߣҶ䱻ûëOЩˣȻȥЩ裿
OҲߣҶ˵ͷţҲЩˣǽȥϢһ
áҶЦŵ˵ͷֽOƿһЩ
Oȴó˻Ľ˲ҶѾûҲҪOǸˣЩ֮󣬽O˴
վڶĿһУըˣǰǵ˲˵ɵĶŮ˷ǾŮôڿȫʹԵĲһ
ߵĻСĵҪҲŰɡ
һ £
СĲңСĲҡ
ߵĻ˴˺һ֣ߵĴöҶǴյĴмһξ룬ԾܿҶͽO
ʱҶͽOѾڴˣOǱߺһȣҲȽϢһ
ˡļװϺСιһ㣬ҲЩˣӹСӣСһ˴ա
СһָָϵĹҪǸ
ǸҲõһ£ȰС֡O˵ţһԵŮˮ裬Ūʪ֮šɣŸСһץʳϴϴ
Ҳϴϴֶ֣ʳζ
Ҷ棬Ҳϴ֣һץġ
O˿ѾˣҶ棬OõסҶȥ·ҶֻõOҲȥϴһ֡
OȴûãһҰ㡣
Ҷ䶼ˡ
O͸߳Ĵ˶ڶǿOֱһ̸ιҶ䴽ߡ
ʲôιԡOü
ҶԼץţO㿪ˣԼô࣬Լã԰ɡ
Ҷ򴽣߿˶ȣȺĴͷԼĹСһɾͲˣŴ۾Ҷ䣬һӡ
Ҷ䱻СһﶢˣɴŴ죬һֱӽһ̸ȫԵҭ׽˰죬ˡ
OæһҶĺ󱳰˳ôԵôû˺ʲô
˵ţæˮιҶ䴽ߣҶһ裬е̸űȥ
Ҷ۵˼϶ðˡ
Сһ￴һ֣ʱĿˣҶ㣬ԵĿ̫ˣӦùԹԵģһСһСڳԣ
˵ţСһﻹԼһ̸⣬һСһСڵĳ
Ҷ䶼챻СһЦˣԼֲǲԣԼղǺ˺òã
OҲ͵ǣ˵ĶԣЩԡ
˵ţOһһι˹Ϊ˱ҭҶֻһСһСڵԣOʱʱˮιȡ
Ҷ쵽˶ԼôˣOͶιĺΪǶСӣǶԼȥġ
OҲҶ亦ˣû֣ͣιҶģʱʱĳŶЦһЦըˡ
ڴԳԺȺһֳ˴գʱǵδѾ˺ģΧľɫ˱վڼװϿԶķ羰
ںһȦҶǵִﰶߵʱ Ѿˡ
O˰ںߵһׯ÷⴦ׯһűȥ˷ׯ
Ҷû뵽ǣҲ˹ЦӯӯҶǰЦյ緹û䣬ؽСӦòһ˰ɣ
OЦЦôأɡ
ҶֱߣҶֱߣҲֻҶ棬ŷҶˡ
ҾͲˡ˵ţ
O˵ͷ
ʱ㱻ĻǶOΪСһԵʣҪ˴ٵ㣬ֻмһ̣СһŸȫ
ҶҲˣ˶ûӣ㿪ڵ԰ɣɵˡ
OҶЦЦǿͣȻǵÿȶӣٳԡ
ĶŽOһЦãȻҾͲˡ
˵ţȶӼ㣬ҶŸϣͶˡ
OȴǿҶ䣬ҼС
˵ƽ˼ȣҶæͷأҪҪ
Oοĵ˵ͷš
ҶȻһСｪOʢ⣬һСｪOʢ
ķڽOǰ԰ɡ
šOգգ۾üЦ⡣
Ҷ˸ۣýⷹôԵôµûţҲ̫˰ɣ
صĿ˵ע⡣
OعͷЦҭ˾ͶЩˮ
Ķ˿ӣлĿұˡ
˵ţȥˣ
Ҷ俴űߵεЦЦֻϣٹˡ
OҲЦЦˣǳȥһͻضҺͻظˣ˴죬ҲȥúϢϢ
šҶͷӦ
ʱ˱緹ҶǳO޵ĸϣȥ֮ҶȾ͸Իȥ˯Ϣˡ
OͽOص˽ͱȻߵ˹ȥ
ȻԷͽ˵ 
ⶼüˣOȻ˻ˣȴ͸ǸҶˣżˣÿ춼ȥǸҶ䡣Ȼ̾˿֮ǰǴûмŮĸǬԪôĵģοŮҪ˹ˡ
OҵԼϲˣҲǺ£ҿҶ仹ͦģЩŮһֻ߰ҪԽOþ͹ˡЦȰο
ô˵ﻹģŸջҲ˵úġ
Ц˵ǸҲҶˣӦԼ˱ˣš
ʲôǸҲҶ䣿ǿǸģǼҽOɱԿˡȻЩĵ˵
Ӧòᡣ
˵Ĺ򣬽OѾСӻˡ
׺ͳ㶼ڣЦʵôˣҹ 𣿡
ȻŮһۣ̾ôˣȫҶǰɣŻգܣҲڼҡ
OЦס˰ȻȹȥⲻǻҺȥˣڼ˰ɣ
ţ⻹࣬˵ҲҶ䣬ЩְȻЩĵ˵
û£ж»ҶأҲô̫ġ
û¾ͺãˣҲȥϴһϽϢɣȻЦ˵
ãҾȻȥˡ˱񣬽O黹ǲҶȻûȷ̬óҶԻںġ
ȽOˣȻְСӱʵǽնȥʲô˵˵òã
СһﱾϲȰȣһʣķ͸Ǳˡ
ǽȥκˣһСһιˣСƯˣСһ˷ܵ˵
ȻЦЦʵأҶ䶼ʲôѽǲһֱι㣿
ʵСһɾеĸ״ˣͦظһ˵ԭҶιţ˵лҪҶ㵥˵ǾȥһߵļװˣһȥǣͼҶڱҲ棬
С˫ֲǰһߵı
һ˳СҲ̫ɰ˰ɣ
ȻЦŵ˴ŮһۣʵȻأǻʲôˣ
Ǿͽ˴գȻιҶ̸⣬ҶҭסҶˮŻҭͨ졭
СһСȰȵ˵ͣ˶̲סЦ
ȻСŮǳ磬ôôɰأ


106 
˿, Ѿ˯ŵҶ˿֪СһѾ鶼ˡ
Ǳߣ˼ǰҲʲ, ɴ˹׼ùĸͻ顣
ҶֻǸ, ͽOҲδ, Լȥҹĸ, չĸϲ̶ȣ˵ȫ
ôţ㼱Ҵҵ빬ȥˡ
ֱȥŮ۴鷿, ſڵĻͨһ, 㼱Ҵҵ˽ȥ
μĸɵ¹
ЦЦ, ڵôʱˣм¡
ĸ, мĸæЦų
£ǹҶģҲﲻ㡣һǰ£һߵ
Ϊʲôǻʵ۰ϵЦҲס, û뵽Լû˵, ͱĸˡ
̾˿Ҷȹ޶õƣҲһݹ, ޶֮ǰҲҶͽҶСͶ, Ҫ׵ģôܶ˵Եأ
ĸҲϲҶ, ڽϵһμ㿴ҵ׹ĸ, Ͳܰ𣿡
㿴еǱˣҿ϶㣬Ҷ䲻У޶ˣԵԼѡ޸Ȩǿ󡣡ڵ
ǺðɡЩƲֵҪҶԼѡ϶ѡǸС㡣
Ʋֵ뿪˻ʹûзĸ˵ҶԼѡһŬŬҶѡأ
Ǻ翪ʼ˱㿪ʼҶס͸ʽΡƥʳȻҶȫա
Ҳ˰ѶûȫѵҶԺſڣ޶ȥˣ˰ҶԺſڵĶȫߡ
գO϶￴Ҷ䡣
ʱ³Сү³ȥ˽ݷãʵǰһˣֻǴǡýOڣֻͽһ뿪ˡ
³ԭŽOոջصǣԺеʱ棬⼸˵Oնȥµĸϣ³ܱЩסˡ
ױͽOһ𳤴Ƕʱ飬֪ʲôʱպгһӭȢO֮ǰOǱʧ٣ѹ˺þá
֪OȻĻص˾ǣ³رĿģŵȽOͼž۹ˣȥݷãڲҵˣ½Oĳ˶µˡ
ӴԾǽ³ЩʵOڸ𣿡
˵ͷ³Щϧǰ³ܼǸ˷ľӣԼûͦģʱǨõ˱ˣλСүעǰ׷ˡ
ţȥ˶¸ϰݷá˵ţָæ׼˲㡣
³ǰȴձջ̲סʵҲʶĻ飬ܸܲҾʵOĺͶ¡
ҡҡͷôܣ
³⻰˹ǾͺãǾͺãҶþûˣҽ֪㣿
̾˿Ǵʵʵ˵Ҳ˵ˣǼʶҲͲˣǲϲ£ĵȷȷ˱ˣҶദ˴꣬һ·һͬѣҶ仹ΪõһʵɣOﲻװµڶˣҶ˵̫ˡ
ʲô³ԭء
˵ĶģҶһ·ãֻصĵطӵϷһ·ٷˡƦȺ֮̿ͣһ·ϾĶǣҶһֱǣһ·ҲûýOǰܶӦ֪жѣ֣ô¶˵ġڵ
³ſڣһ𳤴أ
ſڣӲ˵һ仰ǰԼO
³ܿЦҡҡͷˣһ
OĻġ
УұһûжȰǸˡ
ȽOصʱѾϦˡ
OսĴţ㱻ȥǰ
³ǰЩ죬ֻټ³Ȼˡ
ЩǬԪѵÿ³ܻ˳ۣҶ䡣
СүôˣO΢΢ףЦЦ
³£صˣŹ㡣
лǹңһжá
³򴽣߬ǽԼʵĻ˳Ҷ䡭
O˵ͷǣ
˵ĺնüۼ仹ŵЦ⡣
³ܿɬЦЦЦȴǱȿ޶ѿܱOôᶨѡ׻ǺͽOˡ
ˣףպܺúһɪ
O˵ͷлˡ
³ܼǴӽĶӵģصϱȵ׻ΪСˡ
պڹаϯ󳼼Ҿһͬ빬磬˳ͻ
һξٰᣬһǰԴ鱬һпֻ֧ľҲһټڳеѾˣߵҲѾס
OȻܸżһ빬Ҷߣûȥ
Ҷ䱾ʹ뿪ǣ˲ϯᣬͷû취޺˵ˣյһͬ硣
Ҷû취ֻӦ¡
һޱ˸ҶȹͷΣƽҶ䴩ྲǹᣬǵЩȫۣϲ˱Ƚϵģͷȵţ޿ɲҶ䱻˱ȥ
ǻû˯ѵҶֻûȹЩŮױ
Ҷ俴žˣôôòԾҪȥ˹벻ͷѡ
ͼʤѩױݣ󶼵ñȥˡ
ǱʹˣҲʢװ磬ȥҶʱ򣬻ǱҶ侪һѡ
Ҷ߿ޣʵ᲻̫ˣһ͹ܵˣɱٱ˶ˡ
ȴЦЦ˵ЩʲôأЩҲҶʲô˵ܲΪ¾ͰɣÿŮӶƯƯȨ
Ҷ˵еûֹŮ磬ûһҶһˣһȥģһ빬˵ʲôȥ
ҲûǿڸϢˡ
޺Ҷ˹ſڣֻ빬ĻҲ³С
Ҷ˳ӳ֮Χв˵߶䵽޵ϣ˶ڳ񣬲ȴڴҶġ
޺Ҷ֮вٵ˶ʼ
˭û˵ǵ˰
ûŮ˺ƯǺͽOҲѷɫ
˵Ǽû°ɣѵûŮǬԪ𣿡
ʲôǬԪҸûע⣬ֻſˡ
ҲǣҲ 
ô˸ǬԪŮ飿òᡭ˵˸æ ס졣
Աߵһ¶𾪵ɫҶһԵϵı顣
ֲöһֱûлأԭϲòϺõǬԪѹˡ
޽˹Ҷȫ֪ԲʲôĿŹеĲ֣⻹һʹأ


107 
Ҷһ·޽˴, ĴŴ˿ţΪ˽£ĴôĴ˱, ߽ȥʱ򣬱ܸе¶ȱ˲, ر
һЩѾ˵ĳ, 
ҶһԸվ, ޺ͳǺ˼䣬Ҷȥˣ޵ĳҲ, Ҷ仹ǵһμλ̫Ů
޺к, Աߵλ, ҶԱ, ڳĲ۷׷ס
ǾȻǸǬԪ𣿡
԰ôͻȻ˸ǬԪ磿Ҳ̫Щ
һ˵һŮǬԪҲ̫ÿЩ
ȷʵ, һ󶼱ȥ, ˵˭
˶ҶʮֺʱҲˣɨ, һ۱㿴Ҷ䣬ӹȥ, ȥҶ˵
Ҷ䣬Ҳˣ߿Ҷ䣬ϲ֮ɫ
šҶֻòĳ˵ͷ
յױÿ, ǣƽҲÿǰҶ, ˵Щ״ˡ
üģ²۵ÿҲûϵϽҵطãǰš
֪ˡƲƲ죬ҵطˣԶԶġ
ԱŸԵļҾ½½Ľ˴OҲŸĸһ˴ЩְСĹԱͼҾֻڴϯλϣνǵȼɭϡ
OձСһ˴СһۼĿҶ䣬СֳҶǱָָ㣬㿴Ҷ㣬ۣմĺƯ
Oʵһ֮б㿴Ҷ䣬ֻɲСһOһҲ˲
ǰĽºͰȻףҴȥͶǴк
һ£ӦˣԽO¶һӿɽҲ̬ɫȥɣͶߵĽǸùȥ˼ҴС
áOЦЦСһǱȥˡ
Щĸ˾һڼ̸ʵʮֵעа˷ֶ䵽޺ߣOȥǱߣЩ˵ɫ졣
OСǱ˹ȥСһҪֹҶ䣬ͱOˣȥһ
Ůμ¡O˵
ضã޵ԸȫȻͬ޵ֻô˵λߵʱ
ȻСһŲôأЦЦǴ󷽵Ľˣá
Oˣæֵ̫Ů£ɺ˵
СһץץԼСǣƽҶôеġ
ѵЦЦ޷ͯ޼ճҲûʲôرĶСƱðɡ
˵ţԼһͨ͸ϵһֻƯСֽ꣬ƽԱߵŮŮæƣ͵Сϡ
Сһƿ˿¶Цлл㣬ÿɰС꣬ٺ١
л
OֱСһ˼䣬ŹȥޣϾĶλҲûбOֱȥ˵ǿǴ󲻾
μ¡OЦЦһ
޵Ƴһۣüģ˰ɣֲǵһμˣȥҸϵʱҲûô
OЦЦ̶䵽Ҷϡ
ҶյȹװͷϵķҲܺÿصһ;ĴϵױݸǾ¡
O򴽰꣬˭㴩ģ
ҶָָԱߵޣ£˵ϯֹ粻ܴ̫ˣһͱץ·ױȻ͹ˡ
OھҶһˣºˣԼû׼Ҫˡ
Ҷ㣬~СһС־ҪȥҶ䣬ȻͱOסˡ
ԣյøҡ˵ţOֿҶԼһ㣬ҺȻȥˡ
šҶ˵ͷһֱͦԵ
ڵڶŵ³һֱעŽOOȥǱߣߵˣǸŮ˭֮ǰû
ԱŵҲһӣ³ôʣæǽҶ䣬һֱסڶµĸأ˵ǸǬԪҲϡˣȻñ󻹺ÿҲѹֶ¶࿴
³ҲˣԭΪҶǸҰеĴ֮ˣҲǲû뵽Ȼôÿ
³̾˿ⳤԼˣҪ˵Ҷ仹
OüΣĳûϣˡ
Ҷ䵹ǲ֪ʲôѾ￪ʼȲˣҶҲûһŮ۱Żʺˡ
˷׷׸ۺ°ЦЦ˶ˡ
ͻʺصʮļ̨׵ıЦҲɣؾ
л¡ŷ׷
һһɨ䵽ԱߵҶϣҶЦЦڵҶ䣿
Ҷæվ񣬡Ҷ䡣
ЦЦڵֻоȹ޶ֵļƲߣ޻һֱûüν㣬ʲôҪ𣿡
ҶµľµͷĸŻڷԲºˣ˵ĿⶼͶ˹
ҶæλϳػΪÿ񶼸飬񲻸ҾӹҲûʲôҪġ
Цŵ˵ͷᣬȴǸ֮ģȻԼᣬޱɡ
˶ټ޶ܹǱΪԱɣ⣬ھлûиۡһۡ
ҶϵЦѾҲסˣǣߵģ뵱ٰ
ҶЦ˼ֵֹֻǸͨˣʤЩְ˼
ܾȴѾˣԱǴƷй٣޶Ϥ˹ĸи㰲ŹְĪҪǫˣˣ£Լ֮ˣֱ޴ͻ顣
ҶѾﻢˣղѾίľܾŮһˣɲپܾڶˣҶý͵군
ҶֻüһЦл¶䣬ձضλԱ
ãȥúŰɡĵ˵ͷõ˿ɲܾôˡ
ҶŻصߣĿһۡ
޶ЦˣôģڹţǸֻٺ»ְҪȥ߿Ҳ㣬ȥһٻҲˣ㵽ʱ򻹵ûͽOء
ģ޶̫˼ˣҶ伤˵ȥһأԼҲ͹治ûˣְ뿪ûӰͺá
һĿҶ䣬ŵȥһô
ֻҪOھǣҶðĻƽҶͦģʵϻû׾ţ綼ˡ
УʵŰɣС㲻Ƕ𣿡޿һۣ
Ҷ𽪽OĻʵˣOͷͷѾˣû취ҲǱӲҪ͹ٵģ⵹ãȫʶˡ
OҶ䱻˳ȥһʼҲ̫ģ˱¸Ҷ͹٣ķ˹ְҶû취뿪ˣұ»ҶĶͣ׼ѡˣ´ͻ顣
ˣ׼ϯɣλҺܾöûоһˣմҶЩֻǼ͹ˡ
л¡
ʱĿĲƷ;ˮͱ
ޱͳԹʳϵĳԵһ㲻ȤҶͲһˣϵʳ£ȫûġ
ҶҲû޿ͳͦעģϾڵһţҶҲڼԡ
ۿҶѾһĳԵȫˣƲƲ죬ԸһԵĹȥһݹ¸Ҷ
üͷҶ䣬һ˱µۣ˺ͶµĹϵҲһ㣬ЩѺҶĹϵŪôҶŮǲ⣬һƷС
ôܱȶ»ȻǸϣŮͶߵĽЩôţ㿪ڵOպҪ߶߶
OĶ᲻ôģͷӦ£ã֮һȥ
ȥҲǴСһȥҶ䣬ȻԸ⡣
˿̵Сĸ׻СһǰһֻС룬ȻһϺʣСһԵĿģĶθڶôá
˺ܾãм仹輧ˣҶ䶼ôȤҪڳԣò˵ˮƽĺܸߣЩԵĶܺóԣ
޿ԵĶ£Ҷһ£ѵŵԣһٳԳˡ
İɣҶˣֻǿϧˣûЩʳ϶ϲԡҶһ߳һ˵
̾˿ߵĻȥ׼һЩʳظ͹ȥ
ǣ¡ǻæȥˡ


108 
ⳡһֱеŽ, ֮Ҷ͸Ÿ޻ظˣֻصԼûãй˹ˡ
ŮٳҶ买˹, ڵҶˣĹٷ͹ӡҸ͹, Ҵȥĸۡ, µĸۡԶ, ʲôʱȥԡ
ðҶ˵ͷŮˡ
һ˴һֱ㵽Ҷĸۡʱĸۡû, Ůٽ͵Ѿ׼, Ӧվܹ, Ҷ˿лʲôҪõĶ, ߶԰Ŵ׼á
áҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ΪҶְԭŮ۴͸ԺһԺ䣬ΪǰԺͺԺ, ԺﻹһС԰, 㲻ϴ󣬵Ҳʮᣬ㹻סˡ
Ҷ߽ǰԺķݿ˿, ǰԺһǸūסĵطԼд͵ĵط
ļҾ߰ڼһӦȫ, ﻹ֣ŮСˣ涼, ֻҶֱסˡ
ҶԴ˺⣬Ժ˽ȥ, ԺˮŻľҶԽС԰˷Ժܴ󣬸ڱ鷿ϵ鶼ǰ׼ˡ
Ҷر⣬ʡԼٻǮˡ
Ҷˣ𣿡Ůʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ⣬ͦõģллˡ
ã⴦ԺķЩѾߡӵȫˣպá
ãл
ŮٺҶֿ˼䣬뿪ҶԺӡ
Ҷʮ˶˹ڵ⼸ղһǱڸкúôţȻң˲֣ȻҲ
ǡ
ֽ˼䣬Ҷ뿪ʱңϾ˭֪ס᲻ᱻǸŶסǻ޶סգܲ䷹
Ĳ˵޸ϵСķǺܺóԵģҶٴգҪ뿪ˣǵĸۡȷŰɣպҲС
ţҶص
ڶһ磬ҵ˱ȥҶĸϣҶҹȥ
Oʱ̽Ľ̻壬һͱСһ޸ȥˣȻˣΪȥҶ䣬Ҳֻ֪֪µĸܣԴ˽ʮֵĸˡ
OСһȥʱҶڳ緹ء
Oô͹ˣҶЦǳԷҪҪһٳԵ㡣
OҪܾСһ;СҮǸӿźúóѽ
OʧЦҡҡͷڼиճ𣿡
СһίͰ͵ĿԼҽ㣬ǣǸӿźúóԡ
ãǸʢ˰ɣO
ãСһƥģʽ
СһӲֳ裬˰㡣
緹Ҷ㱧СһͽOһ޵ĸй䣬޵ĸۡɱҶˣڸеĺ԰Сһ
Ҷ伸ȥĴϣɰСæˣСһֶҲ̣æ˰죬ӲûߵһСһֱӼˣҶĴ
Ҷ㣬Ҷ߲~
ҶСӵЦãߡ
Сһߵſĵ
ºҶǰѾЩóԺúȵĶ˸飬ȥĵطҪôǺͽOһҪôһ֮˰Ѿĵطȥˡ
ҶţҲʱ뿪ˣ޶ס̫ˣҪû೤ʱԻӻˣͦס޶ϵġ
ϵʱҶȥȣû뵽ҶǸæҶ˷䡣
ˣ𣿡Щɻʵ
Ҷ˵ͷڵ׼뿪ˣأҳȥ߿
ҿ϶Ǹ㰡ҵȵġȼ붼ûͿڵ˽Oʵǽô찡˵𣿡
Ҷ򴽣ҡҡͷ˵ˣ˵˾᲻ˣģһż֮żȻˡ
ȵ˵ͷǾͺá
˺ͽϵҲò֣ϾҲûϲˣ֪ôϵ飬˵ľͶˡ
ʲôʱʵ
Oһ㶼ǵ뿪֮ʰжɼŵ㣬ղ˵©ˡҶѵ
ȺĵͷãҶˣİɡ
ҶҲ˵ͷУϢҲȥϴϢˡ
Ҷ˵ţصԼķ˸ˮˮ﷢һ뵽һҪOдţҶ;ģָоֵֹġ
ϸ룬øжȾþδĶˣҶҲǽOֻ۽OԼ뿪ʱ򣬽Oֻġ
ϲϷңһˮϴٵĴľͰг
ҶԼ·һ߲ͷһߣŸôʣҶûǾдһЩãýOǹգһμˡ


109 
Ҷ佫īĥ, ëմһЩī֭ʼֽϷþδ±ʡ
ҶǳǳЦЦ˻һ, Щźãֽʡ
O, , 㿴ŵʱ, ҺѾ뿪ˣģֻȥѵطһ, չ˺Լ, Ϊǵġ
Ҷдĺܼ, ֻдһҳֽ, д֮󣬴ɣ뵽ŷ
Щ, ҶȥϢ, ֻǱ۾Ҷȴһֱû˯⣬ԺŽO, Ҳ֪ǿ֮ʲôӦ
ڶһ磬OվɴСһҶˡ
Ҷ䵹Ǳֵĺƽʱûʲô, ȿOСһȴЩᡣ
OȽЩԾ٩ȣôˣôǼһ, ջء
ȳһЦû, û˯ðɡ
OֿҶ䣬Ц͸ĸۡôʲôʱҺȥ
ҶЦų彪OھͿԹȥңʱûң˵ʵ޶ĻʳĲҶˡ
OЦŵҶһۣĪҪ˵ƶ²źá
ã֪ˣ߰ɣȥҵСԺӿҶ˵ţǰ·ˡ
һ˽OǵܿҶҶ
˿ҶѾȥҶ䱧СһҶ
Ц´͵ԺӣûнôҲȫˣԺﻹŸС԰Ժ棬һԴڻ԰ֲֻݡ
ֻǺܿܲԺˣҶĬĬţڸĪԾɴŵЦ⡣
Сһ˿ļˣĸײǿԵҶ棡
ЦţСһѱסҶĴȣҮϲ
ҶʧЦһСһѽû㲻ϲġ
OȶҶĻЦˣǣСһûвĶ
СӼЦԼǵһͷ
Ҷ䱧Сһ˵ߣСһԼռʱһЩҲʱ˲٣뿪ҲСһﳤˡ
Ҷ䲻룬ȥۿҪˣҶɴ౧СһԺѻСӶÿֱ֡
OҲͦĵģ˿Ҷլӣͽȷʵ̫󣬵ʤڸɾҵλҲãھǵģԺ۸ʮֵİһ˸Ժ䡣
뽪ҲԶԼպҶˣԺؽҿҲܷ㣬뵽OĶ΢΢Щ죬Ҷ仹ûԼأԼʲô
ҶתһֻصǱߣԭҶ䰮СķҪȥ緹ԡ
OСһҲɴҶ緹ߣ뿪ԺӣҶſڵ߰ɣȥʰһ¶һͳ
áȹԹԵĵ˵ͷ͵͵ȥҶı飬ܾҲ᲻ý
Ҷ䲢ûб¶ȱطȥʰˡ
һж˸ģҶȥĶҲȥĶȵ뷨ô򵥡
һߣOСһȥ˴ӹޡ
޼ҪߣڵôҪˣûҶ𣿡
ţÿնϹٹˡOЦ
գҶ綼˰ɣڵ
OԭأĶޣ˵ʲô
ޱŵһû˵ʲôҶ˵ձҪˣѵû𣿡
޴ӽOı鿴Ҷû˵ǲǶ˵ˣ
ЩεĴ˴֣˳һ˵ѣĶ֪
Oۿ죬뵽ʲôһֱӽСһ޻ұһ£һȥ
˵ţOҶСԺȥˣֻ޺Сһ۵Сۡ
ûСദЩ֪ôչСӣ̽ԵʵҪȥһ˸׼
Сһﲻ֪ԼҽΪʲôôˣйСһ˫֣Үã
ߺߡ
ǣ˺˿ֻñСһԼԺˣҶҪʰˣO֪ʲôʱܹӺأһȸСһŪЩóԺúȵģȻСһˣ˯Լ߰ɡ
һߣOһ·ܵҶԺſڣҶԺ棬ϤǴһ·صõ
O˫Ŀͨ죬˵첽ҶסԺӡ
ҶΪҪ˶ˣ˿̵ķŻǴŵģŲΪԺŮˣûлͷֱߵȹȥСȡһЩţɺţ⽴
˵⻰Ҷȴþû˵ĻػžЩԾϾŮ˾ܻ£ԼԸˣû˴
Ҷת˹ȥֻһۣҶͷ˽ţOʲôʱֻˣ


110 
ȥĶOһ, һתߵǰֽŵ˨ˡ
Ҷ򴽣úһ, ôֻˣ
O㲻ǺôֻˣҶŰ, ӲǿһĨЦ
OȴǻҶ, ÿǰһ, Ҷһһֱ޿ˣ˿̵ҶǴ, ʵûطˡ
Oһ۵λվ, ĶҶ۾
Ҷæͷ, ĲҺͽOӡ
̧ͷҡ
ڶ, Ҷ̧ͷO
Ҳ˵ڶΡO
Ҷһ£ҧ̧ͷ˫ֲǰ, ɵСһ
Ҷֻһ۱㲻ٿO, ĽOۿͨ죬ΪżŻ޽ǵķ˿, ȹҲǰ
Ҷ˱۾Oʲôû˵, ͸оԼѾҪˡ
OģԲ, ҴˣҲò˵ġҶСĿŽOɫ, ˵
OЦˣУֻûҴкұؾǰɣ
Ҷ򴽣૵Բ𡣡
OôĿҶ䣬રવµOȴһҪܵ˼ûУԾֱĶҶ۾
ҶˣܲסˣȥｪOᣬȴOֵҡ
úúãҲˣô죿Ī˺òãҶˣOеĵ䵽˵ϣڵγһСˮѡ
OԽԽոߵʱ򻹺úõģȴԼӡ
O̧ҶЦһӱˣôҲں
ûвںֻǣֻǡ
ֻǴûа뵽δԭţͻؾǣûˣ㲻ٹˣԲԣ˶ԲԣûңԲԣ
O˵󣬼嶼ڷЩҪվסˡ
ҶæȥֱOһ˦ңҲںˤˤˣ޹ء
˭˵޹صģһޣܣҲûаδֻңֻҲ֪ԼáҶʵʵ˵
O⻰ˣһε£˼ҪҶվסˣҶ仹ôᣬٿ鼸ʮ꣬Ҷȴ˵֪á
ãҶ䣬ܺã֪ҶѵﻹԵ𣿡O޵ЩˣĶҶ䣬뿴ôش
ûУOĲٿˣ嶼ڷˡҶٴǰȥO
Oεû˦Ҷ䣬Ҷ߿˿ҶûзֱһѽҶƵ˴ϡ
Ҷûŵ˴ϣʱ򣬽OѾѹ
Ҷ򢣬ֺ̧ҵĨһϵᣬҶ䣬ҵģˣ롣
˭㵱ҪңҪѣΪҵһҸ㣬ⱲӶ㣬ҡ
˵ţOҶĴȥݻһһ׵ģʵϽOĽǼΪ0ֻƾ豾ܵҶĴ
ҶĴһƬհףĿŽOֱӾ崻ˡ
Ǻøжֻ45Ҳ׵
Ҷϸ룬뵽ƬУOȻûʲôǼֻҶĴֲ䣬Ĵĺ
ҶϾǸִˣȻûкͱ˽ӹǣǼʶ浽׻ǱȽOֻ࣬Ǽ룬OռȨ
Ҷ۾ǵЩ·ĽOĪľеɰ
Ҷü΢䣬ܿȥʱ⽪OһԭװͰ͵ˣƬ̱Ҷϡ
ҶŽOĺϵļǣһֱOʵǴˣҶűƿ
Ҷ򴽰꣬ڻζոյĴУŽOЦЦ㱻Oһۡ
һ£ҲûҶںϵ֣˭ǰģǶҪ˭ˣOۿʵ
̫ˣһʱûסҲ˺òãˡҶСš
OЦʱˣΪˣ
˵ţOȥοûҶĻᣬֱһھҧҶ´ϡ
ҶֱӱҧĵһоԼҧĵطһɵζ˵Ǳҧˡ
Ҷ䲻ռֻùԹ԰ҧڽOٻģҧ֮󣬱˿ˡ
OҶ䱻ԼҧƵ´⣬ǬԪǵñʰʵ
˻ۡҶ򴽣彪O
OһۣҲãٸ´ΣڱҪˡ
ҶŵĶ˶ˣ治ˣٺ٣O㲻˰ɣ
OһۣûĻüʵôЩģ
ɶЩҶһʱ䱻ˡ
OҶУװɵǰɣ
ҶOˣæҡͷȻѾˣҾһۣϵĸҩѾOקֱӶ˵ϡ
ҲҶ⣬Oֱһҧȥһɴɵӿ뵽ҶͦģֻǽO¿ڵأҶֻۣ϶Ǳҧˡ
ҲֹԼȣܵýO˳˲źãҲոջˡ
һ뵽ҶϵЦβסˣҲʱҶԺϵͳٴ˶
ϲףŮOøж+10ǰøж55ǰʹöһֵ132
Ҷ㱻ϵͳһߣOҧأϵͳôĳˡ
ˣͲܵһٲ𣿡ҶԺ²۵
ǸףǶʵʱŷ~ϰ˾ͺá
Ǻǣ°ɡҶԺﳰ
õأٽŷͶã˵Ŀ԰Ѻøжˢءϵͳ̶Ļеٴ
ͶãҲǰøжôöԽOΪոյ˺øжȣΪҧԼ˺øжȣҶЩȷˡ
ȻҪҺøж¶ˣǻǵŬŬģȻԼҪĲˣǽOöأ
Ҷʱ򣬽OѾɿҶڡ
ҶȻֹסҶ򢣬Լ߿ôס𣿸ոʲôˣǲǻģܣ
ҶæҡͷûûУҲˣ
ߣ治ˣװˣOָⰴҶ䱻ҧƵĴ롣
ҶʱһҧƵĵطģίͰ͵ĿŽO治ˣۡ
Ҳţ˭ˡOһۣ˵
ҶԹԵĿŽOſŵŪҲҵֿһ˳ܵӣýO˴롣
ţٸܣȸϡ
ˣ治ˡҶˡ
O⣬ָɿҶĴ꣬Լ˹ȥҶȴЩ¡
ձҧˣҪҧҧ촽ĺۡ
OȴҶ㡣
ҶֻùԹȻ±ҧ½O
ŵñ۾ȻеĴʹȴûг֣ĴһǱʲôסһ
ҶȥԭǽO
Ҷü䣬˵Լ᲻ýOޣOҲ᲻Լ
һO˿ɿҶĴ꣬קקҶ֣ɿҪȥɺͳ
ҶĵȴǴˣսڽOֱۣҪٱһɣٺ١
ʲô٣Ҹ㣬˻ûأΪ¾ôƪˡO˵ţҶϵĿˣһҵȹӴˡ
ҶҲըֻ̣ùԹԸֻƳԲϷŵŷʱһ
Ҷ͵͵ŲŲǷŸϽȻOѾһ˹ȥϵŷ
ҶһԼĶͷֻһڣ춼Ҫˡ
OЦЦĵҶ䣬ŷ˦˦ʲô
һšҶ䴹ԴԹԻػ
ϻ֪ܲһд˭ģOʵ
ġҶСϷҪˡ
O䣬㻹ģһžͰǸˣ~
Ҷ彪OЦһýֺܿٳһˣ彪OĵЦЦⲻǲǷҲûˣܲܰǷŻң
OҶȻһЦ˻ŷ⣬ҶҲЦ˼
ȻO֣ܡ
д˵żĶջĵ˵ԲԣOüҶ䣬ʵ
ҶʵеЦˣO᲻ῴ֮󣬸ˣ


111 
OҶЦЦ, 㲻ŲæĽŷ˺ˡ
Ľеһҳֽչ߿ֽдݣO, 㿴ŵʱ, ҺѾ뿪, , ֻȥѵطһչ˺ԼΪǵġ
Ҷֻ춼, , ܱܲ, еҸطȥˡ
, Oһ֣üҶ䣬Ǻ, ôһֽҺǰɣ
Ҷ˫ֱ, æҡͷ
Ϊǵģ˵ĵɣԼǰɣOԽԽ, Լոҧһڻˡ
ߵҶǰֹҶ°, ôڵưˣﲻͦƱţ˵
ҶŵһOѵֻʿһ, ɵҴˣԺҲ, ܲܰŻѽ
OЦЦҪ
Ҷæĵͷţ
ұˣԺָҲʵұóһҲ㳤ԡO˵ţʳָָҶĶͷϡ
Ҷ䲻ҷֻùԹԵͷ֪ˣԺġ
ǣڱҲҪˡOĵҶһۣ߿Ҷ䱻ԼҧƵϡ
Ҷ䱻Oôһ˵ʱԼۣܲ𣿶ҧˡ
֪ˣˣ治ˡҶϴ
O̬ȻҶһۣǷ
ʱȵ˽ˣҶʰˣѾᵽˣأҪҪҰæ
˵ţȺĵţ׼˰
ҶЦˣⲻĺĺòײŰѽO˳ˡ
OҲҶʲôֱ˹ȥһѽקЦЦʵôȥĶ
ȱ˸뿴һҶɫҶ佻һϢȻһֱͷֻӲͷƤͣǳһš
OЦŵ˵ͷȥﻹѽ
ͣңҲ֪ȶޣСһﲻôֻˣ
ߡOÿɷĺһקҶ죬Լקקʵ㻹𣿡
ҶԴҡıĶ죬ˣˣԺĶĶ
˵ţҶ仹ֺõĳŽOЦЦ
OɿҶ졣
ȿĿɿڴϵҧʱ֪ԼӦǱʰˡ
ҲʵˣæǼȻˣȥҵ
˵ţȳ彪OЦЦϽ·ˣ̫ײˣ£Լܰɣˡ
Oû˵أȾһԶˡ
O߿Ҷ䣬ҶæЦЦˣ治ˣˣأ
OԼոһżֱˣҲû¶ôһӦòڰŪˡ
Ǳأ߰ɣȥһOڵ
Ҷæͷá
Ҷһ߸ŽOߣһСʵôͻȻֻˣǲжˣ
OһۣüͶûͨ˵©ˣҲܼʱץס㣬ôˣ㲻⣿
ûУûУر⣬ٺ١ҶæϵЦأ
⻹ࡣOǰߡ
Ҷ˫ֱȥģ˵OǲԵ޹ʵĻԭ޶˹ûŵģʰôңǼˡ
һߣСһԶء
СӣСʢĹԣСһԵʮֿģһ㲻Լˡ
޿ŻСӣ䣬ò˵Oûͦɰġ
ԣóԵĶǡ
ٺ٣лл㣡Сһһ߳һߵл
ǣҶͽOȥ޵ķʱͼСһ
СӿĵĲУӵ
Oһ񣬡лл°ҿ鴦ˣ
ҡҡͷղôOôǰԼµͷκô
Ȼ̧ͶҶ۾Ҷҧ£Ƕлˡ
ָָҶ䣬ֿ򽪽O㿴ֱвҡ
OŤͷҶһۣôˣʲô𣿡
Ҷæ彪OЦЦûУûУͦõġ
OջߣС֣ˣǻҶȥ
ҮСһ˹סԼҽĴȣȥĶţֻҪ͹ˡ
ƵĳҶգգ۾䵽ҶĲʹϣϵЦȻҶǸձʰˣڶˣû취ҩˡ
ҶĹĵĵޣ˻أУԼ춼ܲס
OܹҶ䣬ҺôҲǶ£Ҷǳ㲻עҡ޾ȤֱӸ״
OæŤͷҶ䣬üôˣʲôģ
ҶæҡͷЦЦûУرá
õھ׷޴һ٣ŲǼأˣ
OԹˣųЦЦл·ˣˣŵϢˡ
ţȥɣȥɡҶˣ޵ǲ
Ҷ߳䣬ͷ˸ͣҵš
Ϊ½OֻǶ˶죬ҳ
޳ƲƲ죬һֵ̯ơ
ЩߣҺ͵͵ġOǰߴٵ
ϡҶæĸȥ
һ»صҶԺӣѾĶֶ˻ȥҲˡ
СһҲˣЦҲˣ
ٺ٣һ棡Сһ￪ĵĲС
OСһҶӣҶҲŽȥˡ
ҶԭΪ¾ǷƪˣOСӱԹҶȽˣҪˡ
Сһ۾¶𾪵ɫΪʲôѽҶҪȥĶѽ
ҶСһＷЦĶҲȥǳȥ̤̤࣬Ҳʲôġ
ҲҪ̤࣡Сһֵ
УʹȥҶһߴӦţһ߳ŽO˫ֺʮİ˰ݣǣûҪСӸ״ɣ
OʵˣŷŹҶ䣬ҪҪ˯һ
ҪСһԱˣȷʵеˡ
ҶæСһﱧ˴ϣǺ˱ӣ˯
ڷ￴СһOǺҶȥˡ
һ·ߵĻ԰ȥһߣOһʵȻˣʲô㣿
Ҷ˵ǾͺúóԿã˳¡
OʧЦĵҶһۣ㵹ǿÿ
ǣԱɱǸְɲǳԿú㡣Ҷ
ҼȻ߲ˣҲƽɣںøжȺòֶˣóʤ׷С
ǺøжȵԭҲҵˣҪôΪǣҪôΪOϲҧڣոǺøжȵʱֻ£ҶŵǶԣҲԿ


112 
޺ԺС԰ɫܺ, רŵĻҶͽOȥʱ򣬻԰ﲢûʲôˡ
ҶΧû, ŵȥǣO
Oһۣ׻û˦, źĺɫ, ʵǰôô
Ҷ󽪽O, Цǰе㲻ȷ㵽ϲϲҡ
OЩĿҶ䣬֮ǰֵĲ𣿡
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ǿڵô˵, ֮ǰֻǾܶһø, øоϲһԶ
Ҷ˵Ҳʵ, ϾOĺøжͣ45Ѿþ, ʹЩɥ뿪
OҶ־ھòԶˣ
ҶŶ˵ͷ, , ոˣҧڡ
Ҷ˵ţÿеֻԼŵڡ
OҶ˵Щ, Լ֮ǰǲϲҶ䣬ԼϾ, ŵҶһģĶ֪ҶôľͷԼҶİʾѾ, κζԷ
֮ǰʾܶ˺Լģûҵ˼O, ֪Ҷôľͷ֮ǰӦֱȥʡľͷ뷨
ҶЦЦҲⲻ֪𡣡
˼ЦO
Ҷ̧ۿ˿Χȷû֮ɿĴ˹ȥ˽OĴһ£򴽿޵𡣡
OˣҲǵŮĶô׹ˡ
յģɣ㣿
O˵ô˵ģҶԺϵͳַˣϲףŮOøж+5ǰŮøж60ǰʹöһֵ137
һ¶ѣûġҶСΪøжȵӣƶ˽OϲôģǣִչO˻
OҶ仳͸ˣУһ˿ô죿
Ҷ䴽䣬˾Ϳ£ȥ´ͻ鲻ͺˣ¸ȨҵĻ¿Լ
Ҷ֪ôˢøжȣһ´Ǿͼ5øжȣǳ֮Ǽӵĸࣿ
뵽ҶԼܺͽOһ˵ܰѺøжˢOͲΪԼ뿪ѹˡ
ҶԼҲԼľͷǰˢøжôѣĶ֪ԭнݾߡ
OҶ仳䣬ˣĲˣҪͬһ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷţұȥ£ֻǣֻ㸸׺ôϲҡ
ù´ͻ飬ǲϲҲұ¶O˵ЩڣԼǲǱֵ̫ˣҶ᲻Լرźף
Ҷȴǰѻ˱ĸˣãˡ
ôȷѡԼҶȻҲֻýOͼֵ̫ҲýOίźúооϵ飬ڳǰ٣
OҶ仳￿һҶ䣬ˣû𣿡
ţǰûȷ⣬ұںòȷˣȻö౧ Ҷ 
OҶһѣҶˡ
˻ҸҶίĿ򽪽O
Oһۣ㳤ԣˣȥˣҶˣҲôȥˡ
ǺðɡҶԹԸڽOˡ
˻صʱ򣬾ͼСһ˯Ľųģȼ˻ˣԼ䡣
Ҷ俴˯Сӣ彪Oգգ۾ȻֱOһۡ
˵˽OߣOһۣûҶ䡣
ҶOûԼС˽Oִ࣬չȥ˽Oһ£OĶٿĺˡ
OִҶһ£ѵأʵ㡣
˯ˣֿOոǵ̫ˣܲһΡ˵ţҶ۰Ͱ͵ĿŽOһιʳСģ
Oո֮ԻҶ䣬ҲǱҶˣҶ䣬Oǿ϶ġ
ŲҪOƲͷȥҶˡ
ҶȴǴ˹ȥȥ
O඼պˣûƿҶ䣬Ǳ۾ҶǣӦ˼¡
ԼòײľͷϣһƣҶ˼ǿɾͲˡ
ҶOֹһһǣֱǵĽOˣҶ䡣
Ҷ˿ִչȥ½OĴǰOĴеˡ
OǵЩϢȣ˫ץҶȹ˼²ƽ򴽲ȥҶ䣬ȴѹסЦ⡣
ҶҲܿģһµʱƳ˴ϵСһСһﲻ֪ʲôʱѾڴ۾ء
ҶһæɿڽO֣ʲôʱģ
СһץץԼҵС˯Ŀڵͽ׵ʱ򡣡
Oֻ춼ˣæҵĽ͵ûУҶ۾ɳӣҸոڰɳأǽǶ⣬㿴ˡǿûףһСӣɲ˵
СһίС죬ոѽôܽƱأ
ǣҿ˰Сһ˵ţֻСֵָ⻹һ˸׵Ķով׵ġ
ҴȥСòãǾͲ˵ˣ϶㿴ˡҶЦ
ҮҪҲС棬ûѽСһﻹǲɺˣôܿأҶִ֮չȥһڣߺߣƭŶûУ۾ǳߣ
ҪǿˣҺձȥ棬СʢһɰСӣҪûҺɾͲȥˣǾͻڷţȥҶ俪ڵ
OԱ߶ˣɴ۾Ҷ䣬ǣ
Сһ̫ܲˣڼеʱ׺ǿţ治ֻҶ档
ȨһףǣСһֻƳҿˣͽûףǽڰ㴵۾ɳӡ
ҶųСһ¶ЦָСһ˸ĴָŶǱȥ԰˳ǸСӳ
˵ţҶOչʱ򣬶һȹȹûô
OͷӦãҶˡ
Сӣ̫ˣΪ棬ʼָ¹Ϊˡ


113 
OСһҶһ뿪, ȽOˣҶȥޡ
鷿Ҷ, üЦѽˣ
Ҷ䶼ˣֱ˹ȥ޶, , һô¶, ȫ§ȥˡ
ⲻΪ뿪ô鶼˼ҽ˵һе˵ȥˣⲻͦҲˡЦ˵
ߺ, ôұʰʲôˣҶ˵, Ҫȥץޡ
ЦŴϵ, Ҷ˸Ƶı, Ҷ䣬ע㣬ҿǶ, ɲܶҶ֡
㻹£Ҹ򵽵, ٵ¡˵Ҷͳ˹ȥ
һȾܣҶں׷
˵ĶŪԺĻһһ㶵, ǣдòùȥȼݰ
ͷ, òùȥһʵ
ǻͳҲԻҶҲ⣬ŮҴ, ǵºҲͦĵģԶԶĻŰ, ȥš
ǡ
ǼֻԶԶţڰİҲԶԶţϾҲд̡
޵һ·ֱܵ˺԰Ҷһֱ׷ӲôĻ԰Ȧ֧Ҷһס
ˣˣܲˡһߴһɵ˵ˣ
ãٸ״˵Ҷ俪ʼ޵⡣
õĶӲǱҶӵĶȥУҴˣҴˣ治ˣ´ҿ϶״ˡ
һ޿Цˣ֣Уú㳤ԡ
ƲƲ죬ȴǴЦģþöûôܹˡ
Դӳ˫Ȳ·֮󣬳еĺܶѹϣвٵĳҪͽÿҪŮѧϰ񣬻ҪӦһѵ£ͬ˶˾¾ֻʣ˾أûһѡ
ֱҶǣҶ䣬ûаԼʲô£ܿġ
ðҶþûôܹˡ޿ո̾
ƽǴѵĶŮκ鶼Żҵӣ޼ɵĴֶ˵ǳ֮ϵĵӱˡ
ԭڳıµһֵСŮڵȴҪܶ£ܶ˵˶ͱΪ̫ŮͲϡλãԣֻһӵСŮ
ǰʱҲͦõģԼ̫ˡҶԭ˵и߸ĶţޱЩ߸֮һҶû˵ڡ
Ů󣬿ҲҪΡ
ţʵʶǣһͦĵģ㻹İҵѡЦ 
ԺʲôҲԺ˵˵ȻǿҲﲻæ߶䡣ҶֽЦ
ãҷУ֪ƽʱҶŵʱ򶼿ˣҲͺǼһʱŸоһ㡣
û취ˣԺܶ鶼ҪȥĸʸλҪϲŭɫǣЩǰʱ򣬶Ǳŵġ
ģҿ϶㵱Ů޶ҶЦ
ּ˵𹤲ҶûȥأʲôʱҪȥʱǵôҡ
УʵûʲôģҲ˾΢е˼⼸ڼӽͿףЩƷÿ궼ò١
ţʹȥ˾˵ͻŪЩء
ãȥЦûϰأҶȥȤЩ
صס֮Ҷֽʳ׼Ľṹͼ
ⶫëʻʵЩѾҶ̿ѡһõģڰֽͼͼ
ԭֻ֪Щ֪ʱĹ᲻ֻҪǾӵʵһء
Ͼ󣬿һʮ֧ͨĹҪװĶ࣬ʹֻҪ׼֮۶ͺãҪʹõжǷݡ
ôţҶӿԼ̿黭ٶȣЩϸڻˣŮȥҴһЩֽš
Ҷ仭ʱ춼ˡ
ȹԷͼҶſϻͼֽڡ
ˣڸأʵ
պķǮҶ̾˿
𾪵ָָҶһֽƾ
ҶȻĵ˵ͷţƾ
ȾЩţһֽзԣҶıƶֲòš
ҶǸӣЦҰͼֽõһߵȥҵϴϴ֡
ҶԼڵȿ˿˴ˮʼϴ֡
ͼֽ˰ΣֻԼ̫Ľͼֽŵһԡ
Ҷϴ֣˸ɾ·׼
ԷʱʵˣĲ𣿡
ҶЦЦģĶȥˣʵھŰɡ
ҲͦãȻġնСӣҪһļˣǿ϶
ţͦõġ
˳˷Ҷ׼ˮ֮˯ˡ
ڶһ磬Ҷ仹ûأͱ޵˸ˡ
ŮصɹģŽգŮţҶˣҶ𣿶ҹ
ŵܴҶͱˡ
ϴһȥˣ緹Ѿˡ
𣿲˵Ҫȥ˾𣿡
ϾͺãҰˣȿҶ˵ţק˽Լͼֽޡ
һɻ󣬡ʲô
˵ţ޽ҶͼֽչϸϸĿֻǿ˼֮޾ˡ
㻭ǹͼֽ𣿿ھӪõĹһⶫôôӣʵ
ҶЦЦڵôܺھӪĹһ㣬ԼõĹװһμ伸Σ
޵һۣⲻǷϻװһμȻֻһΡ
ҶҡҡͷɲǷϻһⶫװһεļʸʮ
ⲻܣҴѵܹɽô࣬ûоֻǸ޷ʵ֡
ҶЦЦûңˣȻʵ֡
Ƭ̣Ҷ֮ǰ˵ЩֵĴʩЩڴҶǸˣһ֪ģ˵أ
ⶫҪˣսܴռȻԷװʸʱԼߵĽʿʮ֧Ƽֱ붼롣
㻹ʲôǸϽ߰ɡ޵ĿֹⶫǴ˵̫Ҫˣ޲ھҶһˡ
ʲôܲͼֽҲˣҳڣˣȥȡһѹҶ俪ڵ
á޶˵ϽߵĻȡ˹
ʱûˡ
ҪʲôѾûˡ޿ڵ
ҶֺһſڣߵŮˣṦɣ
ᣬźŮṦҲУĻᣬȥһ
òãҪľǲṦġҶЦЦּŮ
һͷ󣬡ѹ˵ͨĹȫҲʮӦɣ
û£ܴ򿪶پ١Ҷֳ
ŮĽȻʹȫҲֻһ롣
Ҷ˵ͷЦˡ
˵ţʾЩŮȥ
˰֣Щ˶˷䡣
Ҷ˹˹ͨĹǲǶҪܴսϵĸˣ
޵˵ͷⲻǷϻ𣿾ﻹֱأǱʿ˭˭ٽĹԳһˡ
ҶЦЦڵͲˣ󻨷Ѳ˶ͨҲܺ׵İѼʸȥ䣬ǿԵĻԺܰԭ͵ս֮󣬿϶͸ǿ
ǻʲôϽɡ޼
Ҷȴסھһͼֽѣֽܲȥ£ֵûĹľһѳųƷȥ£Ǹ𣿡
ЦЦҲǣܹɽܶ࣬߰ɣھȥ˾
ҶЦŵ˵ͷš
޴Ҷȱˣ˷ܵĲУҶҪҪֺöǶԴѿǴ¡
˳һ㵽˹Ͻ˾
˾ĹԱˣæӭȥ
¿׵ģ⼸նڼӰӵĸء˾æ
ǣȥмϹӲľ·Ը
˵ˣҶ˾ǰʱ㹧˽׷׸
öλǹԱɣڿʼͣĻƣָɱá޵
ǣƾҶ˷ԸΪ׵æ
ҶЦЦָͼֽϵĲֽͼܼ򵥣ⶫĸɣϻˡۣǵ˭ľľȹƳˣľͺá
˵ţҶֿڵǿͼֽϣÿһֵĳߴ綼뾫ȷеĲͲ岻ȥϻİ۴Ҫע⡭
ҲԱҶĽ⣬ҶֻЩ˸ʲôԭȻû˵
ʱЩǱæȥˣҶҪʱҪƷ
ʵľ˵ѣĹ򵥣һЩܰѶ
Ҳûţͼֽ˺һʵⶫôģ
ʵҲѣԼӦҲŪֻǿ϶ЩרҵĹĿ죬ʵԭܼ򵥣˸ܸԭ˵ʱʡٵҶ͵
޸ˣʲôܸԭ
򵥵˵ԭ᲻һ˶棬˵ĺŪһ֧ŵĵ㣬ȥ˶ʡȥҶ俪ڵ
𣿲Ȳٴȥĵطתת޿ڵ
Ҷ˵ͷðҲû


114 
޴Ҷ˾ĵط, ٵôһЩҪȴֱ, Ǽ
Ǽ䷿ӺܴΪ¯, ͦȵġ
ôȫվЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ, 
Ǳ׵ĵط, ߣȥЦ
áҶȸæϣ
˾Ĺģܴ, Ҳܶ, Ǻˮһ, ֮, ǶȻԼĹҶﻹͦġ
ȸ˾תһȦŻصǰЩľ
һ, OСһȥʱ, ˸գOۿҶԺŮ, ҶȥĶˣ
ŮżæصĪҪ, ҶǸŶȥ˹
⻰Oų˿ΪҶǸûĵ, նˣˡ
Oµʵôȥģ
ҶһŶµרȥ, ʲôҪҪŮ
ӣOǳ׷ˣȻСһûҶȴǲˣ˵װûʹأô˶ûˣ
㣬ҶʲôʱѽСһͰ͵ıŽOĴʵ
OСһҶӦй£棬òã
Сһǿ˵ͷܺͽһ
쵽ʱҶľļϻˡ۾ȫˣľ׷׽Ҷ˹
Ϊ׵˵¡Ҷ ҪĶùˡ
Ҷͷŵϰɣȥù
ǡлССųţʱͰҶҪõĶ˹
Ҷ佫ϻˡװֽҰȥԣֺ
ҶЦЦֿڵЩĳܷŵϻмɡ
˾涼ֳɵĹ˳ߴ磬Ըȥˡ
϶ֳɵģֻмƵģʣµĲľͷƳɵģŪҶҪĳȺףֻҪѼ˾һھͺá
ʱЩʸ㱻˹
Ҷһľҵǽϣ󽫼ʸ˼ϻ棬ҶֱۣҴӼϻİ۴ѳʱ򣬼ֱӱ˳ȥٴۣڶ֧Ҷۣܿģһ֧һ֧ļʸ˳ȥ
Ҷ׼ͷÿһ䵽ľϡ
޿ĿɿڴָָҶ󣬡𣿡
ҶЦŵͷȻܣ㣬ʸװϻͿԣ۵ʱ򣬹ұᶥϣԼʱ򣬱ŵļʸȥԭܼ򵥡
۾ˣæѧҶոյӣһװʮ֧ľۣʸһ֧һ֧⻹޾ȵģеȵ۵ʱõʵ󣬵ǼʸȴԾ˳ȥ
ǺöЦ
ҶҲЦЦܵȱŴʮȥĳƼףǺ滹Ը
ԣ˵ĶԣС͵Ҳǳ ʳϣҲʵãҶ䣬ˣߣҽʥЦžȥҶֱۡ
ȴǲôϴεĹûȥô˵أе㺦»ʳֵطˣҾͲȥ˰ɣ
ҶʵǲȥǱ㲻ȥ
û£˸˷˾˽ͻҸϡ޵
Ҷ˵ͷҲС
ǣȱ˾緹˾˾֪޵ˣֱǽȷΪϱþƺò˵д
ҶǺ޳˹ǵ˹ŵʱȴѣ˭빬ǲЯκġ
޿ڵһȥּ
áҶǸװĲӣڹſڵޡ
ǴżҴҵȥˡ
ҶӵݸһԵĻԼţԼվһ塣
ǡãʱмٷĹԱӹˣҶ߿˹ȥн¡
㹰ֳŽһ񣬡á
¼Ҷ䣬ɫߣҶ˻ֱӳƺҵĹְΪãԶûбҪô׽
ҶҲûЦӯӯĵã˺á
 ¼ҶЦ͸ˣֱ˦ҲҶˡ
ǸոպͽͬеļλԱҶȹ£ܵҶ˼䡣
ҶĪҪ֣ǼŻؼ÷ĪҪͬһʶ
û£λҲԻؼҰɣ϶ҪˣλˡҶЦ
ãٻᣬٻᡣ
֮ԽԽҶǴѿֵطʲôǽϹϵҽOǺͶߵĺܽģǸҶŲлᡣ
Ҷȫ֪ʲôֻԾڹſڵޡ
Ѿ첽ߵĸʵУȥʱǡɿҲڡ
޼°ݳһۣЦɣֻҺ㳤ڣöˡ
á޸æվ˿ĸʣһҪĶҪ
۵ıʣʵʲô
ǶҶģȹʹ÷ܶ࣬װһαʮһҪкܴǶæ
ǶĶأһ£æʵ
ڣڹſأ빬ЯұԼȽˣҶڹſڵء˵
壬ھʹȥſڰҶӽȥԸߵŮٵ
ǣ£ȥ˵ţæ˼ŮĴţһ·첽ſȥˡ
ֲ˲Լϵĺ쵽ˣͷոߵúܼ˳˲ٵĺĸʣˮҺÿڿʡ
ЦЦѽһʲôС
˵ţ˸޶һĹֽ£ٵĳĹ¶ǣ޵ľ˲٣ҲһЩ
ЦЦˣһ
Цӯӯ˹ȥš
һ̣ԼĽָ޲Ŷͷϵĺ顣
һ߰޲һߵǴˣôçײ˿Ц
ûˣĸʺͳڣҲЦٺ١޳ЦЦЩɬ
ʽôõһˣ֮ǰп˳λ͵£֮ţֻϧ㱻˺
Ļ̣ĳ˫ȷ֮Щ̱Ծˣ鲻һ
޾ÿ϶ǼֵѲ˸ϵֻͻʽ㶼ˣЩ˲лλá
κû֤ݣĸֹ飬Ըڲ¾ЩֵֶܻӡֶŮ±ֻһֱá޻ǲʽôõһˣȴֻܳζգţһգð׾


115 
Ѿ˵˹ǰ, عŵȻ֪ݣ׷
ɣҶأʵ
Ǳߵ, ֻҶչ涨ǲܴġǻ쿪ڵ
֪, Ǳ´˿, Ҷ˿ԴǶ, ºûйϵ
Ǳáǲõˣŷ
ߵҶǰҶһ, Ҷ, ½ҹ
ŴˡҶЦ˵
߰, ǻء
áҶӦһ, Ĳһ˿첽ȥˡ
ʱҶ, æ°, Ҷ䣬μ¡̫Ů¡¡
ɡЦЦ˵
˵ˣԼҶŮҶڶŮеĺԺ׷, ޶رĿġ
ԭ¾ǲģֻ֪, Ϊ̫ˣΪεĻŮһҺֵ, ʵ̫ѵˡ
л¡Ҷæ, ͱһ롣
޳ЦЦĸĹרŸҪģȺ˽˵
Ҷ߿ŮۣŮҲЦŵ˵ͷҶŸæ
ѡƻ棬˷ۺͱ飬ˬҶûһ򣬱һȵĸɸɾ
Цҡҡͷ׻СҲϳĻ϶Ҷ޼ɵĺȹһ롣
Ҷһ룬̾һŽݸһԵŮ󽫲Ķ˳
£Ҫ˵ľⶫղŻͼֽȥ˾ľģЩֲڣ¼¡Ҷæ
ᣬ壬Ѷù޿Ը
Ķ˹ȥ䵽档
Щʵⶫôʹã
ҶЦҪһľ壬һ
˵ͷȻԱߵŮȥãʱһľͰ˹
Ҷľǽ߾ͺá
ŮæĽľںá
Ҷ佫˹ҲߵҶߣʹŶ
Ҷ佫˼ϻľ壬Ѹֻۣһ֧һ֧Ĵзȫ䵽ľϡ
ƽﲻϲɫҲ̾ʡȥ˲װʱ䣬Ҷ䣬ԡ
ҶæݸѧҶӽװ˼ϻѸۣԭΪⶫҪѲû뵽ôױۣʸһ֧һ֧
մãðⶫҶ䣬ôģ
ҶЦЦڵЩ˯ţ𴲻ͼֽʵˣֻ֮ǰһֱûʱ䣬Ҫȥſܲû뵽ĳɹˡ
Ҫ˵޶۹أдŰʡȥװʸʱ䣬սϵĽʿòٵǴһѵø˵
Ī򵥵İ汾֮½汾͵ʸȥʱ򣬿ɵƼףܽһͬҶ俪ڵ
ããʲô뷨޶˵ʧܣ˲ǲЩǶԼΡڵ
˵ţֶ޵ҶದԺǸҶЩĶ
ã֮㰲šЦ
һԱɵְʵί㣬ոһͬϳҪ¸͹١һľҶⶫֵ÷ͣһԼҶĹ̫СˣҶʧȥɾˣǿɲС
л¡ǰĻҶ仹ƴƴǣԼھˣպҪӭȢҽOȻǹְһЩܷĺͽOס
ĸʣˣҺҶ仹ûԶءЦ
ԣˣ壬Ͻƫš˵ţЦſҶ䣬Ҷ䣬һͬ÷ɣһ˳ٺúýո˵Ĵ󡣡
ǳ㲻ˡҶҲЦŹ
һԵҲҶҶҲЩͣһ£Ҷ䱻ĹҹˣǿͳǴѵʧ
˵ҶԽҶС⣬ţǵҶЩף˲ţڴЩҵС


116 
ʱ, ŮǱƫ׼緹ҶŮһƲƫ
ЦЦڵ, ֻǼ磬ؾ, ֮ǰȹ޶, ĸ׵Ļûüлء
, ǳѣѣȻҪæġ
ЦЦ, , ɡ
ҶҲûôͷ, Ůۺͻ̫Ů֮, ¡
׼ȷ˵ϵģԵĹ˽ƵԲ
Ҷ䲻Ҷ࿴ֻԹԵ, Ů˵ס
Ȼ, һŮ۱㿪ˣӰɣɵˣһˡ
, л¡Ҷֵлų
ԷĴ, ҶڳԷӾľˡ
һҶװȻԼҲ˲, һʱ䰲
ˣ˵, 뽪ҵĶŮϵǳڴϣôûֱ޸Ǵͻ飿뵽һȥˣ˲ž͸ھհźá
£ʱǻûͨءҶЩЦЦ
㶮Ҷ仰˼ô˵Ѿͨˣ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷе꣬ƺôϲңҸոջڹſڿˣôң룬ҳߣ˶Ҳɡ
Ҷ䲻ŮǰҩȻüģǻŸϽҶ䰲أµãҸơ
㲻صģޱضһóý޻˵ŵ
ǳллˣٺ١ҶԼҩϵĿϾԴʵͦаյģûг֣һǼ
ʵľҪδҪʮһԶܴﵽһǧףƼףüеʿһһ
ҶȻûмδ󣬵һԭԭʵҲܼ򵥣Ҷһ£ܰǶƳ
һٷҶԵ൱Ŀģֻǳ緹֮Ҷ佲˽Ĺ죬һ㽲Ϧ¡
Ҷ䷿СˣҶӦҪģ˵㻰СһʾŲҪҶ㱣ˣ
OӹĹĵģһֻСһЦüۡ
ʱˣҲûؼˡOõСЦ
СһһǣǣҶ㻹ûȥء
OţҶڹҪҪ죬סֽţûʱٹòã
ߺߣҶ㻵˵ҪġСһ첻ء
ãǷòãôҶˣ˰ɣO
ǺðɡСһ
СһʮֲĵıOԼϣԹԻؼȥˡ
O͵˰ȻԼԺϢˡ
СһȴίίſԼ׻ûо
ȻЦʵôˣÿγȥ涼ܿôտһأ
СһߺߵҶ˵˴ȥģնڸû档
ȻŮɰʲôأԭҶûѡ
ȥ治ˣֲʲô¡ȻЦ
ߺߣҶ㻹Ҫ˵ûûҡСһ״
ûʲôȻɻԼСŮ
Сһֺĸ첲ǰСڵͽףҿˣ˵ڴɳӣߣҲŲأ
ʲôȻϾOױʫС㣬ȻŮӦò°ɣ
ȻСһǳƶĵ˵СԴֻСֱȻһ£׵ģȻҶ˵ҪʲôûվʹҪǿˣͲˡ
ȻֺЦҶû棬Ҹ״ˣҪˣͲ˵ˣ
ţСһȻĵ˵ͷСԴһеģ
ȻŮýڴЦСЦǸСˣȳԷ˷ϴ裬˯ ȥҶ档
ŷСһɵĵ˵ͷ
ȻСŮԷϴ˯ˣȻȥ˽OԺм仰һŮ
ȻߵŮţС㣬˯𣿷˹ˡ
OæȥţҲϴ꣬׼Ҫ˯ء
ôʱˣOЩ
ȻЦЦ˵强
˵ţַԸһԵŮǶȥɣлҪͽO˵
ǡŮǷ׷¡
OѰȻӭ˽Цôѽ
ȻԵԲϣſʵҶ䵽׵һˣǰңҲиס
ŮҶ仹ûأȰѺŪˣǵʱĲýˡ
Oɫٿĺ˵ҺҶװ׵ģûʲôýġ
ȻüԼŮһװı飬˵ûʲôûʲôչȥÿɶ
ĻȻû˵OȴǿЦã֪Сӵо֥ڵģҶûͻȥ״ˡ
ֻһ£ûʲôԷģҶˣǿκ¡O 
ҪԸأȻʵ
ңҲֵ̫¡OСҲе飬֮ǰҶҧڣֻҶȥ뿪ġ
ȻһŮ Ķ֪ܲO˼ŮѾ϶Ҷ䡣
ŽOЦҲֻͬһ㣬֮ǰɲкӣȻҵ϶ȥ
OЩȥקĸ׵ֱۣ˵ôкӣ
OˣȻЦúúãҲ˵ˣԼպöȾͺãȻҲȥ
֪ˡ˵ţOʧЦǸСӣǳ˭ҲȻҪ˸״ġ
ȻҲЦСŮȷʵܿɰ
һߵҶһգɤӶðˣŻص޵ĸۡ
ȥ֮ѵҶ СǸСѽþҲûȵСƺͦʧġ
Ҷһæͷת綼¶ˣæʵǸòһɣ
ԣһնڡŮæ
ҪٹǵøǣϵʱҪȥϳܻܵҶ
ǣū澼ˣת潪СġŮæ˵
Ҷ׼˿ڷϴ˯ˣСͼֽѾޣ绹ϳأ˵ЩϢ
ڶһ磬ҶרǲһŮ𴲡
Ҷʱ˶ľģû˯ؾͱ˹ٷ⻹Ůױ
ҶڵϵȵĹҪ˯ˣεױ첻̫ͺá
ŪЩȥ÷޵һͬʹķȥˡ


117 
ʱ, Ҷ˴һŮȻҪվǰ, ҶһƷĹԱɣٷɫɫ, һȺ졢ϵĹԱԵرۡ
ָָߵλ, ڵί, վںɡ
ҶæͷٷģҲվǰȥ, ̫ˡ
û취, ѵĳɫ, һƷƷĹٷɫ, ƷƷɫǺɫƷµĹٷΪɫ
Ҷøˣվš
¼ҶҲ, мһ, ʲô˶վˡ
Ůۺܿڻĸ£߽˴Уʮļ̨, Σ, еĴȫ¹
ҶҲѧǰЩӣԹ¹
ƽ
Ůô˵֮վ
ûмŽҶ, ôǸ࣬ҪĵȺ, ʱ䣬ĿˮսҶŶ˯ˡ
ſʱǽҶ֣Ҷ䣬
ҶŻعĴӶߵǰ񣬡μ¡
ɣҶƳһʽΪˣһҪǿصⶫʮͨĹҪĶࡣǲ˵
˷׷
ܰɣоôöûоĶŸձټ죬оˣ
԰ʮǲˣ
˭˵أ
ɱ¶˵ˣû׼Ϲèˡ
·һĶſڵҶձ󽻸ޣѾ׼ˣҶ䣬ôҶ۰ɡ
ּҶһԱ׼һصĴľ壬ľĺľţû˷ľҲȵڳϡ
ҶǹõʸһԵװ˽ȥ 
ҶЩʱĳԾš
ⶫôª𣿡
ߣСϷҲõⶫãҶҪڱǰһ²мҶһҰã첻ʲôõĶ
Ҳá
Ҷ䵹ûΧװʸ֮󣬱ǿľ˰ʸһ֧һ֧ķٶȼ죬Ҽ䴩ľ壬˿Ŀɿڴ
棬ãйԱҶ侪ˡ
Ȼľ嶼䴩ˣ䣬ôģ
֪ˡ
˭˵أ
£ضдôʿսռٵȻǴһ˵һʮŮǬԪɫۣվǰ档
ԼǣҶʵǴһ֮ǰʹԱɵĹְʵίЦ
ȷʵ͡ ŮǬԪ͵
˵ͷ߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ䣬ǹˣȹһ ޻˸㽫ٷȥ 
л¶䡣Ҷæ
ض񡣡˵ţֿޣ޶ һЩֱӹҶϽҪĶ˾һҪϡ
ס޸æЦӦ
ȴЩҶ䣬żհҰþʹӴƷƷôôأ
ɽҲֻһ룬ҶʥŨԼҪǳȥ˵ҶĻǲµɫԾɲÿ
ɨˣ䵽˽³ŵϣϵЦ⵭˼֣ʵ䣬Ƕ޵İŲɫôѿ
ŵĴһ飬æֵ˵ЦˣҶôᣬд˵ȲܣɵĹְ˵ʺϲˡ
ЦЦԭˣ䰡ҶҶŮ˽ãῡţɲѽ
⣬⡭»ſڷأӣĻǳ˵ˡ
ҶֱɵĴþȻܵǰºˣҽOͶ¿ô찡
ô˵ʲôŽ£ѹý´
ֻǿһĨЦԼǣҶ˵ȷѵõĿţôپƷţ⾩ﲻҪΪ֮㵹ˡ
֪áֿһۣջߡ
ս½ƽϢҶ˫ϲţοҲЩȥԵɡ˵˰֡
ԱߵŮ˳
еĴȫ£Ů뿪Ůߺ˲ŷ׷
Ҷվ׼޻زȥ㱻۵Ĺסȥ·
ҶΪһᣬһᣡ
԰͵ʱ򣬻浱أǳǰˡ
Ҷˣһᣬһᡣ
ٵ˼Ҷʢ裬ֺ޵Ĺϵǳ˲˶ͽᣬһЩҶǰġ
Ҷֱһͷ󣬹ֶЩһ˰죬ҵһֱ޶ȥˣҶŰЩĴǡ
Ҷ䣬ˣǵûȥˡȺ
Ҷæ 溰ˣˣ
˵ţֶΧļ˹ֵԲס¹ٵˣǸġ
ããöµȾˡ
ԶԶԡ
Ҷ˶˿
޳Цգգ۾ºˣڿˡ
ҶһۣҲ뵱𣿻ڣȻҵúİ죬ˡ
Ҷڿĸǰĺˣ˭ͽ㣿޼٩
ɣϽߣO˵Ѿ㸮ˡҶ伱ŵ
˵˻ĻỹҵƣߺߣҲҴȣƽϡЦ
Ҽƽϣɵ¡ҶЦϽߣҽOء
һֱвٵĴҲȥ̸ˡ
ˣǺø ŮҶ˵Ļ£Ľ
˭˵أȿǺ۹⣬ȻʶҶˡ
԰Ůˣһμѻ
˶ըˣЩǲǹģڹУҲұ¶ˣֻüЦλ˵ЦˣСŮҶֻǺѡ
ԱߵļһҶõı飬ȻûŽµĻĽĽѾƷĴԱˣҲǵͷˣѵŮ۹ôãеҶҲñʶһô༶ôƷֱǰ;


118 
һ, ҶѾ޵ղű˰Χĳú£, Ͳȥˣ͹i, һúú, Ȱͼֽ, ȥù졣
У¼ã, ùһС͵, ûʳǻ˾װ˵ЦЦ˵
, ԡiͼֽҶ׼ϵʱٺú롣
һ·ص޵ĸۡ, Ҷȥһ·СԼסȥˡ
ں٩ôļ
ҶһǰܣһЦϲ, Ҳˡ
˵, Ҷ㼱Ҵˡ
һ·СŻԼԺӣȻͼԼķſţҶ䴭˼, Ż˷䣬ȻͿOСڷ
O, ȼ˰ɣҶæ߽˷ʵ
Oһͷĺæ˹ȥý, ôŪͷ󺹵ģ
վûǣ, ܵЩҶЦ
Oһ߰һֵҺֲܣ㼱ʲô
㡣Ҷ彪OЦЦOҲҶһЦ
ʱڵС˹ǲĿҶ䣬Ҷ㣬춼û
Ҷ䱾ڿOأߴӽO۾һ·»ͣ˽OĴϣֻտۣͱСһһ
Ҷ˼߿Сӣǳ˷Ҿʹȥ԰òã
𣿡Сһһ棬סҶĴ
ҶСһģղˣ档
ٺ٣ҮСһһ⻰Ϳˡ
Ȱѳ˰ɡOҶϻŹٷæѵ
Ҷ˵ͷãͻ
Ұ㡣OЦĿҶ䣬ǣҶȥˣҶĳ͹ľԱߵ¼ϡ
ΪСһﻹأOЩ˼ƵҶҵ˹ٷĿӣӽ⿪ŵһߣתصҶǰֽҶĹٷ´
Сһ½㲻ԼֻСֵǰָ͵͵ԼҽҶ㻻·
OһŤͷͿСһڶأʧЦĿСӣʵأ
СһԼҽЦЦٺ٣ûҶߣҲܿ
O㱻СһЦˣæʲôûҾǵһ·ɲҥ
СһС֣ٺ٣ҹԹԵ~
OȴǲôСӣСһ̫״ˡ
ʲôûֻǰҶ任ȹѣǽOӿϵĶҶ佫ɫĹٷ£ҶļҾӷ
һֱOҶϵãСŽֻСַ
׼˰ɣѾʱˣҲʱ緹ˡO˵
ãȥȹҶ˵ţֳȥȽ˹
ʱ˱ԲԣСһҲԼĶͯϡ
СĻʳܺãҶһ߳żȣһߺһЩϳһ£վﶼ˯ţǼ
OһЩ˱㱥ˣ̧ʵ½սȥϳʲô£
ţ֮ǰùģҽ˳Ҳñ¿ˣԽձ±ϳдʾ˹٣ڿǹˡҶЦ˵
Ժǲô̵ĹٷˣOЦ
ţģ¹ٷ͹ˡҶǲ˵
˳緹ҶԭСһ˯һ˳㻹͵͵ͽO˵˽Сһڷı˵ʲôҲ˯
Ĳ˯˯һжҶСӵǰš
Сһһ㲻ջҡͷҪҪھҪ
Ҷֺ˯һ˸׼òã
ãھҪȥ棬СһչȥҶֱ
ҶεĺͽOһֻۣЭðɣðɣʹȥ˰ɣ
ٺ٣ҮС˷ֱܵ˵ҶϣҶĴȲ֡
Ҷ䶼Сһˣһ˵ôʢøСһҲҸϡ
УͳҶ˵ţһѱСһ
OǱ߳˼Сľͷӣϡ˵ţֿȣȣһͰˮ
áһľ̳ӱڻֻװĶˮ
OҲǼСľͷˣ˵ͦµġ
Oõǰ˿Ĳӣӵıر⻬һǴĥõģǴĥʦջͦõģʵСǴĶŪģͦõġ
ҶЦЦģ˾ʦֱʣղȥ˾˳üʦ˼Сӣ˵˼ҵû˵
OСľӣֱӾˣǣҶȻ˾ĹСӣⲻǴС
Ȼ˼ҰOˡ
Ҷ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷţǲ˼ңԺǼרŸҸɻСҲûʲô
аɡO֪˵ʲôˡ
ҶȴǰѻСӸ߸߾Цඣȥ
ҮСһ˷ܵľ˫֡
һ˱԰ȥ
Ҷǰ˲ùøĻӸɽרһ¾ͶѷһŴ棬ȫء
Ҷ佫Сһ£û˵Сӱֱ˵ϡ
аɣǺӴû˷ܵİɡ
СӡOһѲӹ
СһǿĵĽ£㣬ȰƵһ㣬ȻȻǷӡ
СһһæӣѵԱ߲ԽСһԽ˷ܣԼ
Ա߰СһһСһǰѱ˲١
ҶɴҲ˸СӿʼһȦΧ棬浹ˮҶ佫Ƶ棬ΪûһҶճ͡
Ҷ佫ԼߣʼСӡ
ֻ̫󣬲ϵµ䣬ҶֻεOOŪһ¡
OεЦЦΪҶľǴСһأ˭֪ԼҲʼˡ
OֻֽҶȥɴҶϵãͲˡ
ٿСһСһﲻ֪ʲôʱҲѧҶﵹˮֻСȫ࣬ںǰĴ顣
棬㣬棡Сһ˷ܵĲУϿЩˣֱȥץºˣСӳױСӡ
O׷Ȱ˵Ĵ㣬ѾˣǸɴСһſˣһԼҶٸϴɡ
Ϳĵ棬߶˺þ𣿡OЦ
ٺ١˵Сһ˷ܵȺҶҶ㣬СӣνһС
СһԼҲæСˣСŤŤģ൱ĳ
ڼĿĵʱлֻܹͨǻҶȻҲʱ˶סˡ
Ҷ̧ʵôˣôż
ҶˣˣλŮѾˡԭҶϴϴأҲˣλ˾ʮԶĵطţѾҶ䡣


119 
ŮŮߵ, ŮΪ˱ʾԼҶӣߵҶ͹ٷʾٳ衣
Ѿߵ˽ǰ, ˫۵Ҷ䣬˶ס, ҶҲƬ, æŴ, ֣Цˡ
ϵĲҲֻһ˲ǸŮߵ, , Ҷô˵, ҲæҶ˿, ҽٷ͵סķˡ
Ŵˣлл¡ҶЦ
á
˼䣬뿪
OҶһ, Цº, ں԰͵϶ô¶ˡ
ҿû棬԰ҶЦʵ
ԣСһ˷ܵ
˿̵Сһ϶, ҲͣСһĺܿ, ϵЦûȥ
ҶͽһСӣùˮ˳Լ˫֣Щ, ͽOȾһԿСһ档
СһҲԸԳһʱȥ֮, СѾױСӡ
Oʱˣߴٵǵûȥˣһȥ˻øϴ裬㿴ԼСˡ
ٺ١Сһ￪ĵŷ
СһҲˣԹԵߵҶͽO
OЦˣҲ֪Сһôģ͡
ֻöҶŹӵˮҰúò
áҶӦһæСһĸ첲ϳϴ
κСһʵ̫ˣOˣ㿴㣬Сֶʲôˣ첲ϸǣˡ
ٺ٣ϲ~СһѽOЦ
ˣȼ򵥵ϴϴˣȥ˸ϴ衣Oڵ
ŷСһӦ
ǣȥ·϶Ҷ䱧СһϾҶȹҲŪ˲ٵ͡
ˮһһľˮ㱻˽Ҷڵ϶ŽOϵȹǸɾģȥǱŰɣҸϴŪȹҲˡ
áOеԲ߿ҶСһϴ衣
ҶǰСһϵȹˣСӱСˮ
СһﱻԼմҲԼϴ
ҶҲְСһϴһһӵˮͱúˡ
Ҷ˻һˮԴϴݸСһϴһ飬֮һˮϴϴ飬СӲŻָԭɫ
ҶСһﱧ˳OСһ壬ȫµȹ
ҶԺŮˮ׼ˮҲһĺҲմȾ˲ٵͣҲϴ衣
ʱŮǱ㽫ˮһͰһͰĵľͰ
Ҷ˻ϴȹ׼ȥǱߣOҲȥϴ裬Լȿ
áOӦһ۲תԴϵСһеҪȽòã
СһԹԵͷŷ
棬Ϳģ
OһæСһﱧСһ첽˷ţߵȵķǰOš
źܿ㱻ˣҲǸϴ裬ѾȹͷҲϴˡ
ҺҶЩ飬Ȱտһ
ãҲϴˡЦŽСһ˹ȥСһ˷
СӣOŻصҶķ˳ֽ˨ã˨֮Щ΢΢죬ԼҶ仹ûأ᲻᲻ãҶ䲻Լͼıɣ
OҲôˣԲһߺȲ裬һʱʱˮ
Oһ裬ҶŴľͰ֮󣬱㻻µº£Ҷһ߲ͷһߴǱ߳ˡ
ɨһۣСһȻˣأ
OߵҶǰӹҶеĽұȥȷˣҰ
áҶЦЦȻСһﲻڣǿԡ
ǹԹԵȥŽOͷ
Oָ⴩Ҷķ˿һһĲҶͷӺŲҶĲʱҶְԼͷȥO
һ˫ʪĹۣͣĳŽOգգģOЦŵǼһ£ôͻȻˣ
ˡҶ˵ţ⽫յOһڣʪĹۿŽO
O඼պˣҶĶ⣬ЩߵҶûأ
ûˣϺ㡣Ҷ˵ţִȥһڣ綼Ҫ׵ģ˵
OﱾУҶ䣬һҶ仳ֳҶļǿסΡ
ŶҶһ£һ㣬䡣
Ҷüûˣô죿ҶգŹۼ
ָָԼĴ꣬ŽOĺһ£ұԹ
Oü˵ģһͲҶˡ
šҶһɵӣŽO
OЩ죬ǳǳһ¾͸Ͻ˿Ȼôġ
ԼĴӡȥеһֱ۰Ҳһְֻˡ
ԭѵˮһǣҶǿƵıǣOĴ궼ҶǵЩˣѾЩˣ㼱ȥҶ䡣
Ҷ֣OæҶļڵĺʿ׼ֱʱֶһֱۡ
OûüӦеһתԼ֪ôģͱҶ
OּȥҶ䣬ʲô˵һ¾ͷſ𣿡
԰ҾһҶЦ˵
Oһۣһֱͣ㶼һǰɣⶼЩˣ뵽OյĸЩ
Ҷ䱧ŻˣִչȥڽOĲȥOҪǵվȥ
O汧㣬תòãҶš
OǲҶ仳ģԣ̧ҶһۣŲҪ
Լ֪ҪҶԶٶ
ҪҲû£ҲͦáҶ˵ţչȥǽOĲ
ļϸۣҶ˼£OҪҶ仳
ҶһֹŽOĺһߴչȥһ׽OĲһִչȥǽOĴꡣ
Oǵ߻صģѾոֻһµĻ׵Ժ󣬴˿̵ǵϢȣֻ˫۳Ҷļͷǿά档
һҶ˿һЩýOĵĽO鷢ʱʱĴչȥһ½OĴǣ𡣡
O˵ࡢͨ죬ֱסҶ죬˵ԼҶ䣬ԼǶϲҶԴġ
Ҷȴ׽Oģ۾ĿŽO
Oһ̣ûȣҶˤȥҶۼֿİ˻
Щ
O־˾ҶĶ䣬㺦ġ
úúãҴˡҶԸԳĳԵ⣬ܺ޸ϴҪϵģ´λҪٷġ


120 
, ɿңͷûءOҶ䡣
ҶԹɿڽO֡
Oúһȹ, ǰΪҶ䲻أĶ֪ôռˡ
OҶһ, еĽҶͷ
ҶڽO, ԹԵɽOͷ
Ȳͷ, OҶĶ⣬ֻʪСһ
԰ҾСҶ䱧ŽO˲䡣
, , Ұ㻻ȹOִ˴Ҷߴٵ
Ҷ, ֻҲʵ, OȹʱҶֱֽO˻
Oһһ߰Ҷȹ, , ǰô֪ôˣΪ¶Ȥء
ǰǲȤⲻȤ𣿡ҶĿƵĶŽO
OҶ䣬, Ұϵá
áҶԹ֣ȽO˫Ƶϵ´ʱ, Ҷɴס˽O
O䣬һæϵĶһ߱Ҷ䱧ڻ
ϵ, Ҷˣ, ɫҪˣҵúȥˡ
Ҷ佫§ĸˣ᲻ߡ
OЦſҶ䣬ǾҪԼˣʲôʱȥ´ͻ飬ȳ֮Ȼˡ
O˵꣬΢΢Щ죬᲻ֵ̫ˣҶ䲻ְɣ
ãҽȥ´ͻ飬ģ̫õġҶ
ֲOӲ
úúãҼҶ켱ˡҶ˵ִչȥ˽OĴһ£󽪽O㿪ˡ
ŵ㣬һȥ˻Ҫͬһͬ÷أٱˡOҶ䣬ˡ
ãǻȥʱעⰲȫˣվͲùˣտҪȥ˾ɻˡҶǰѵýOܿա
ãǺأOʵ
ҶҡҡͷȷiͼֽԺȻУӦûʵһʱ䣬⼸ӦöͦæģܿˣڼҵĻǰ˸㡣
Ҳã⼸վæҺ֮ҲûкúڼϢ⼸ǱҲˡO˵ô˵ѾеҶˡ
Ͼ֮ǰӻĵʱǿնһġ
áҶֱ£ɿ˽O
ȥȵķСһ˳СһЩˣ˯ſڽO
OʱСһﶼ˯ˡ
ȽO˽ֱСһȥ˰ȻԺӣм䣬СһһֱſڽĻ˯硣
ȵ˰Ȼķ䣬Ȼһ۾ͿѾ˯ŵСһ
æСһ˹ڴϢСһ˯磬һ˼ûС
ȰٺСһȻʵô˯ˣ
ţʱˣ˯ŰɡOЦЦ˵
ȻһŮʵ˵Ҷ˹ɣ
ţܱ¿У»רŵһ˸ǲOЦ
Ҷ䵹ҲгϢģѾƷĹԱˣˣҲǶƷ𣿡
ţҶǺܲO˵ţԼĶ΢΢Щ졣
ȻŮ£ʵû˵ʲôʱǵĻ£
Oɫˣ˵æһ󣬽ȥ´ͻ顣
Ȼ˿ǾͺãҶǾܵ˱ʶ𾭲סջ󣬱˹ƭȥ
ᣬҶ䲻ˡOŻеģҶ㣬Ҳദ˽һʱ䣬ҶʲôˣOǺġ
˵ʱ򣬽ȴҲˡ
߿򽪽Oüʵ⼸ȥµĸϣȥҶ£ȥҶ䣿
ʲôҶոŶ££ҲüҶ䡣Oڵ
µüĸЩ̾˿ҶеСô̵ʱվֻСھûи˵Ҳֻ꼻һ֣O㻹ǸҶԶһЩΪãڶ£㵹ǿԼ
ð֪˵OЦЦ˵Ҳ˵ͨǾ͸ɴܹȥͺˡ
ţôˣʵ
̫ˣѾ˯ˡO͵
Ҳãڶǰ¶¶ҲǺ£ǽкô
OЦЦû˵˾̫ˣôСУҲǿõĹߡ
OڰȻ˷мûµ߶߶OûȥҲ£ֻһζҶ䡣
һߣҶ˷֮˯ˡ
ڶһ磬Ҷ緹׼һСֽţ̿㽫򵥵Ļùǰͼֽ
ҶһͿʷļͼֹֽiһǧԶ˵ǹŴˣֹiÿͬʱ޴Ƶоļкףļʸ̤Ӽֱּ뵽ǽǽУʿֳͨϵķʽԷĳǽϡ
ԣⶫҲǹԵصĴɱսܷӳ޴
Ҷűֻ󣬹˼壬Ź϶ɵģһʱܷ
ҶȽĵײ֧ܻãʼⶫľ幹졣
ǰ֡󹭡ǣᣬٵȻ˴ҶٸԽоϸ档
ܷ֮ôһĹѲĹϵһֺͽᶼ˻ֵԭʹקҵʱܸʡɼҲҪʮˣ߰ͷţ


121 
Ҷͼֽ޸ĸ, һһȫɣһЩϸ΢Ҷǲģ繭ĳ, ǣλãǰͺ󹭵ľ, ЩȫҪȥԡ
ȹʱ, ͼҶ䷿ĵȫǻҵͼֽ, Ψϵͼֽɸɾ
ˣǻˣʵ
Ҷ˵ͷǻ, ǾĶٿЧ, ȥ˾
á
Ҷڸг緹ȥ˾ˡ
Ҷֱӽʮȫ˹, ͼֽ֮ǰҲ, Ӧһ㾭飬²ѶȽϴ, һЩߴ, ԼҲƲ⣬ԿҪܶೢԣȥԴ, ȸǽҾҪĶͳߴ硣
˰ͽ, Ķ϶ľͷƳɵģĳʱ7ߣǿͼֽ, ͺ󹭵ĳҲһһҪü͵Ĳ, ܾܳ޴ҶרŸ칭ľ
Ҷ˷ģһû⡣
Ǿͺã˵ֺͽᣬõľͷһҪӲһͶˣʱΪ
Ҷ߶߶ĸҽһ飬ʵҲҶ䡣
Ҷ룬ǣͰλʦһҪľʦǺúùͨǣаĴСҪϣߴһҪȷҸȥʲôʱܽɣ
Ϊ׵Ҷ买ֵҶˣЩʵ׼ǵֶ࣬졢죬ձŪʲô׵ĵطʱָ
áҶЦЦ˵
һʱ䣬ЩǱ㿪ʼĸвľ͸ϽȥҶ䡣
˾˾׼õķԱҶ칫
Ҷڳϼϸͼֽһ۾Ŀ
˾ھƼĵطվȽŸôĶ
Ҷץ̿黭̧ͿڿЦ
ʲôأҶЦʵ
ûʲôǾԵ˵
ƨȥҵ衣
áȺǿĵȥҶ䵹ˡ
Ȳˮ˻Ҷһ
һֱɫˣҶ뿪ȻˣͼֽЯⶫʮֵҪеΪҪбϸ͵ߣǿɾǴѵʧˡ
ϻȥ·ϣ·̯λʱҶרȥֻ
ŻҶĻЩ죬ѵҶˣǸʲôУҪԣֱӸͺá
ϲԼġЦЦ˵
ǻҶ˵ֻõͷǡ
ʵҶԿռļˣ˺üգռļ壬Լֻŵռžͺˣʱһζ
ǣҶ³ʱһżӣ˺̩ȻĴ޸ϵ˽ȥ
޽ûȥ˾Ҳûһ춼ڹĸ£ҲŸջ
ҶˣɴʵҶȥĶˣ
ǻæصҶ˺ߵǸŮȥһ˾ҲǸողŻģֻǣֻǡ
ֻʲôüʵ
ֻǣҶǻʱֻǻæ
ʲôǸûмˣʵɣһ£ӦòԲɡ
ǣҶ˺ϲġ͵
ǳ˳飬аɣвܵʿЩɣǺãҹȥ
˵ţޱȥҶԺӡ
ҶѾȣżӣҶһеļˣҶִӿռץֻԿռȪļ
ǣ޸սԺӣͼҶżҪǱȥ
ʵԼļ
Ҷ˵ͷЦģ۹ܶģļҲһ㲻һºһ÷
޹ʵҶһԷģҶô˵
͸֪Ҷǲ˵ˣǳļ
аҵҪúóļж
ų԰㣬һҶ˵ţż˳
ҶԺӵĳʦҶȥ֮㿪ڵҴļһҰ⼦ˣһֻɼУһֻɳͺá
Ҷ̾˿ʱû⳴ųԣǵ÷ŵŹζ
ĸһѾı鿴Ҷ䣬ˣʵЩģǸÿ糿ʵ߲˺
ҶЦЦڵû£ϲԼѡģгɾ͸УǼǵǧֻҿܳԳζġ
һǿסûЦٶŤˣŵ˷ģھˮëֻ֤
ţǾͺãǵúúϺһ÷ҶЦ
ǣǡ
ǣĸ˿ʼæµҶŻصԼķ䣬޺Ȳ衣
ҶҲ˽ɻĿôȥôã
ⲻǵһųԼѡļءҶһ˵
üģ̾˿аɣһв֮ƢͰöŹ֣ﰲοԼҶҲʲôϲԼ򼦳Ǿ£ֳɵĳ
аɣͦõģȥ˾˵Ǹ͹iüĿʵ
ţͼֽѾˣһЩߴԼҲò׼⣬ԿܵöԼΣҽѾǸ˿һ֡Ҷ俪ڵ
ģ۾ˡ
ȱ𼤶ҹƺв࣬ԻٸģǲһξƳɵĶ͹i޴ӦģҲӣҪҲ׼ҶҲʯͷӡ
ͼֽ˾Ѿܲˣոһȥ
ðҶ䵹νϾҲҪȥġ
ΪҪԵʣҶҪһܳϷˣҶɴչͼֽ޽ԭҲýζģͳ칤ɼҲܺһЩ
ԼһʱҶǲſʼԷʱѾ¸ˡ
Сķ˱һһĶҶͼһռ飬һڣĿڸйȻͨļһرһһ˿˿ζһζûС
Ҷڴڵĳ
Ҳһ飬Ҷһڴڵĳ˼
޿˿ˣЩǼСԵ󣬶ˣôóԣ
Ȼ޻ɵĹҶѾԵڶˣɴһС飬ŽɵķУ΢΢
˵⼦⼫ۣڸҲرãҪûκ⼴ǹҲѵҶʶ
ȷٳһ鼦⣬ȥʢһ뼦
ȣˣҲôȼһء
ǣ޺˼ڣƷ˲һ⼦ɿڣȹκμ
𾪵ĿҶ䣬㻹涮ѡóԵļ
ҶգգۣǱģҿרҵġ
Ӻ󾱣ҶǰҰ˹˵ֱֻܷóԣֻóԣˣ̹ȻҶ¼ܵ㡣
ͦõģԺҪ˼Ҿ͹䷹˵
ţû⡣ҶԺ˵ЩڿռȪļﶼ͸ȪζأóԾ͹ˡ
ǣٷ˾ͷԣĲƷʣһЩǳͼȴǱԵĸɸɾ
޳Ա˷ŻԼԺˡ
֪ǲĴܾҶ˼ľ˲٣һյƣҲɢһЩѵǼ̫óԵԵʣ
Ҳûж룬ϴ˯ˡ
ڶһȴ־òԾˣÿҪҲûʲô񣬵ûð죬ǽղͬһԼ壬ֱԼĸۡϺüȦѲҶѡļԣ
˰Ҳ벻ԭղǳҶԼļôЧֲҩ


122 
ҶڶһҲԼ˲, һʹȥ˾
յͼֽкܶûƵĵطҶ䵽˵طʼͼֽ
ʱҶĶͱ˹, Ҷ˽Щ㲿ȫװһ𣬶˽˵˾ĺԺ, Զľ, ׼
ҶľߵĽ, Ϊװѹ˺ͬʱ, ͨ, һľ, е֧ʸͬʱ
ֻһ, ʸֻȥʮԶûܴľϡ
ǶЩʧҲһʵ, ô찡
, һȥѾˣһٺʵһ, õĲϿܻҪĶһ£ĳҲҪ
˵, ҶصĵطͼֽˣʮգҶ϶Դ, ĳȡֵĴСһֱڱ䶯ҶҲһֱڼ¼ݡ
O߾ͻȻҶʧȥϵһ, ѾʮûмҶˣСһҲҶ䡣
Сһ棬Сһʱ¡
ⲻСɼѾţںԺء
Oͤ￴úŮˣʵȴڷ
⼸չûôæҲں԰ͻ
Ǻƽһ棬ͿĵģҽO⼸Ĳɵģͬ˵Ҳʱⲻ﷢ء
ӣʵ⼸ôˣҲȥҶˣǳˣ
Oҡҡͷ⼸æ£ÿնŻظҾȥҲ档
ϣżղˣЦʵÿſɲճ˵͡
ѾʮûˣҲ֪⼸úòáO˵ţŪո۵һС
϶ͦãˣø˴ʲôʱڸѵ
OҡҡͷˣЩʱӦúæһǲȥˡ
˵ŲţɽOҲûʲô
̾˿ԼǷҶ䲻ˣҶҲǵģΪæð
ţԼԺӣ̵дֽȥҶ䡣
˿̵Ҷͼȷհ汾ĳߴ磬µʵ飬ҶһһŵѾ췽ֻǻҪ켸ȶԡ
Ҷ佻ǼʱлҴҵ˽
ҶˣǱ߸Ź˵ţǻŷϡ
ҶƬ̣ŶǼץʱ󣬹գһͳһʵȶԡ
Ҷ˷ģȥ졣˵ţҴҵıˡ
Ҷ߿ǻŸҰɡ
ǡǻæĽųȥϾλڿǱǰĺˣû˸ҵҶ䡣
Ҷ˻£ŴţֻôüղOǲǰơ
Ҷ֪дŵǽԵ㣬ȷʵ˵ԼѾаûOˣôţҶɴһԵȵȣҶţЩʱ㡣
ãˣȥæɣµĸۡԶһԼȥͺá
Ҷ˵ͷҲãˡ
˵ţҶͳ˾Ĵţ׼ȥ
˵ȥ˼Ҹ֮ۡǰǵȥģ̫żˣһҶֻܳչȥO
ʱ㵽˽ҶС˹ȥͨһĴű㿪ˡ
Сһ·ҶȥǰչأĿ˵ãǲֱӽ쵽Ժġ
ҶˣȱһȣȥСС˵ţһ̵ˡ
Ҷ˵ãѾûӰˣǶС𣿲аɣһ½ȥҽOҲá
ʱˣ߿Ҷ䣬ϣҶˣϡͰҪչһΪء
ҶæЦôˣֻ⼸̫æˣʵЩ鲻лѣһյž͹ˡ
æְ˰ڣȱ׽ÿɻûжء
Ӧÿˣҽˣͽ´ͻ飬ܿġҶЦ˵
һۣϣɣǼȻ㣬Ǽꡭ
Ļû˵ҶҲ˽˼æģа£аµʱһܽ
ǣɱõ̫ˡ⼸ʧǵɶЩˡ
ģҶȻҶæ
˵ͷ߰ɣȥԺЩɡ
Ҷɲ̫ȥҽOģɲȲģҶҲֱȥҽOⲻ񷨡
ʲô߰㡣˵ţһǰ
ҶҲֻøˣʱǾ͵˽Ժӡ
ʱͰŮǰýOȥţϾҶǹĵĽҪ˵强Ҳ㣬͸ɴలԼ
ҶĸŽ˷䣬ʱҶ۾ˡ
OҺ㡣Ҷ
OҲƲסЦ⣬ֻǵ߿ԼҽѾ˵ɫʱOæһҳ㻹أ˵
Ҷ˼ҽ㻹أæŽЦ˼
һۣڵȥ鷿飬ú˵˵ɣ
˵ţOǵȥķͨ鷿м͸һľţľŴ˹ȥȥ˸ڵ鷿Źغã˵ʱ䡣
һߣҶæܹȥһѱס˽OOҺ㡣
OҶ仳Ҷһ£ҿһ㶼룬Ҷҽ˵ˣţŹҵġ
⼸նæ飬˳µұȥ´ͻˣⲻǼ¸Ҵͻ𡣡Ҷ͵
ߺߡOһۣȴҲ֪ҶŶЩͣͻʱԼĸײܲôִ
ҶOԼŷˣϵĶ㿪ʼʵˡ
ֻڽOѴȥȻͱOˣסҶ֣ŶѵҰ㻹ڸء
ھ£û⼸ĺ㡣Ҷһһȥ
O½ͻȻŹҶ䣬κǰֻһƲOֻñıҶǵ
ҶһְŽOĺһְŽOĺ󾱲㿪һֱԼǹˣԷſOһЩ
OվסҶס
O̧ͼҶһЦĿOˣչȥҧҶ´꣬ǰ˱ϾԼϲˣO᲻ҧ
ʱĳֳֻ룬ֱӽOǵʧȥ˼
Ҷſʱ򣬽OͶͮͮģϵȹҲЩңҪҶOҪվסˡ
һߵĽ˵ȥ飬ʵһֶûȥ飬ʵȴ˶עǱߵĶñ۸ˡ
κҶ仹ͦģ˵ֻܵͣû˵ʲô֮ûʲôȴǸˣЩѰ
ʵЩ̲סˣɴߵ˷ľţƿš
ԷҶҪֵģOûлҶһ֣OЩҪվס
ҶָæŽOסΡ
ǣʱ򣬾ͼԼɫ죬ȹҲЩң˿ҶֻڽO
ĿҶ䣬޲ðĹצӶˣ˵˵强ûҶġ


123 
ҶЩεĳŽЦЦ, ûվȣҷһ¡
Ҷһۣ, ʱҲˣҲ˵껰˰ɣ
Ҷֻõ˵ͷ, , ˵Ĳˡ
ǼȻ, ҺôڸеĻ԰䣬㣬ӦҲڻ԰档Ц, ɲ˴һ, Ҷ, û֮ǰ, ռõıˡ
ҲáҶֻùԹ
˿̵ĽOѾ˹ƿҶ֣վһԼҵȹ
ҶҲ΢һȹ, ֻôܾýڵ
Ȼ, Ҷ̧Ͷ˽ӡ
߰ɡ˵ţߵǰ·
ҶֻùԹԵĸź棬ʱʱĿ򽪽O, ȻͱOˡ
˵㻹أֻһ, ºˣץ˾ʵˡ
ҶƤ񣬸ڽҲʲô, һһʹӱȥ˺԰
ȻСһںԺ, ŮСһ
Сһ۾ܼ⣬ԶԶͿҶ飬СһֱСȳҶͳ˹ȥ
ʱҶϾͶһιҼҶЦŽСһﱧ
СһҲ˷ܵҡҶֱۣҶ㣬ôô춼棿
Ҷæ⼸Ҫ¾кöǮȻָܸˣòã
ҮСһʵܶ࣬ⶫŲӶࡣ
Ҷ䱧СһȻǱȥСһŵ˵ϣŰȻһ񣬡ĸá
Oˣ
ԣʱ̫æˣһֱûչееʱ䣬ұˡҶЦŽ͵
ýOȥС߰ɣĺɻˣɫܲȻЦ
Ҷ۾ˣллĸ
˵ţ۾Ŀ򽪽OĽOⶼˡ
ҴҶȥˡOڵ
ţȥɣȥɡȻЦ⼸նŮն겻ģò׵ˣȻദһ
Сһȴ˹ȥ׼˹ȥҶĴȣҲҪȥ
ȻͱԼһ˻ҡ
СһС죬ǣǣҲȥ~
ҶþòˣǵȻš
СһߺģǲģǺðɡ
ҶѾŽOԶȥˣС޼ıС˲٣ǾɫԾɺСĺɻȫˣ⻹ʱʱС㴩
Ҷ߿˽OOȴǾĵһۣɲˣǻڶأǱ߿ңңߡ
ֲ֪ǣôҡҶʧЦ
OüҵǾҲࡣ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣڽOȹвԶˣҾûôæˣȳ֮Ҿڼ㡣
O΢ȣ̧ҶһۣĪҪ˵һɣôڼУ
ҿּ֮Ϣһ°ɣҶñӦûٵġ
O䣬Ҷһ£ȻǺõģţǡ
ģҲ⼸յˣ̫õġҶЦ
ֲOӲ
úúãҼҪͽСףСɻ⣿
⻹ࡣOĵ˵ͷ
Ҷ͵͵濴˿ʵ룬ֻܿţȥǣO֡
Oһ¶㿪ˣҶյOǣһ㡣
O̧Ҷ䣬ҶһڴO̾˿Ҷ⣬ǣԼ
⼸ôæûкú÷Oʵ
Ҷҡҡͷеʱæ˳緹Ҷǳ˵ġ
æҲҪúóԷԺɲˣ´Ǽȣһģ벻O
ãÿ춼ԹĳԷ˵Է㻹ǵ֮ǰŪЩ𣿡Ҷʵ
O˵ͷƾձЩ
ԶԶԣЩ
˵ЩǱƽЩҪóԵĶ࣬ôһ˵ҶеǼζˡOЦ
ﻹУԣվͲ˸ֻ
ð϶ҲˡOЦ
С԰һ̫ҪɽˣҶݱ˰ȻǣԳ˽ص
ҶջصԼԺ׼أ޾ˡ
Ҷ俴һͷˮôˣ£
æ˵ͷϴεּ㻹ǵ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷǵðҽûôˣ
ҰˣԳ֮󣬲˫Ҳ·ˣҲǰˣϴγǼ֮󣬾Լ˲٣ҲҰԣܲܰңһͰ͵ģֻ۾գգĶҶ俴
ҶһļƤ񣬡Уˣڴȳȥ򣬲ǿܵ΢һˡ
û⣬û⣬Ҷ䣬湻޴ҶĲʺƨϰȰȸͣ
ҶһȾͳţûниС˸ţϾĻԼò׼ռһЩأȪˮһιǱȻóԣȪζˡ
ҶԾǵļв̫Ϥʶ·Ҳ֪ȥĶ򼦣Ҷ䲻֦ȸܿģ˾͵һר򼦵ǰҶԼǽ˼С
ϰ忴ҶţֱӾʹסˣ˵ȹ£һϺõĲϵƳɵģ˵ӦѾߡӲŶԣôԼˣ
ϰȻ⣬ţȻƾܣʵλҪʲô
Ҷɨһۣڵʮֻiɣֳĸӷţÿӷֻ
ϣϣ֪ҪĻĸģǵЦʵ
Ҷ룬зζ㿪ڵǾһʮֻɣûûֵİҿҪġ
ȻȻŲ˲ҵģģԸõѡ˵ţǵڵĸҶѡ
һӵļѡˣҶżߣȼ״ææ
ѼŵɡҶ
ϡ
ʱĳֻʣҶĸϰҲûƭҶ䣬Щһܽڣž־ʢļ
Ҷֱӽŵ˿ռ󽫼򿪣ļɢ
һӵֻҶֻռ䣬ֻʣֻ
ϾռļޣԼշŽȥĻֳһʱ䣬ҶҲֻֻдǣջOֻأʡŵ㡣
Ҷھ̫ˣֵط裬֮Ҫ鵽ǶףҶ׼ʱȥԶһĴռ
ͣ޸ŵʱҶһ˳
Щɻ˳տյġ
Ҷ䣬Ҷű˸Ķ֪֪֪֪ͬ˭ܽ
ȸæͷЩɻ󣬲ǳļһЩô𣿲ʤ벻ף˲˵Ͳκ˵


124 
ҶѾżȻ˸, һ·޵Ժȥʱ˱㵽˵ط
͵ȼ, æʵôֻֻ
ҶǼֲÿһֻζ, ⻹۲ֻġ
, ȥ, һʽ㻹ųء޴ߴٵ
ŮӹҶеļҶһֻˣһֻųԡ
õҶ, ū澼ˡŮ˵, æȥ˳
Ҷȸ޽˷, Ʒ衣
Ҷæ, Ҷ䣬μ¡
ҶЦЦֲڹ, ֻǼ, ǲؾ
ǣ¡ҶӦ
Ǹôˣʵ
ѾˣֻĿǰȶ, Ҫ˶˵Ҷ俪ڽ͵
, ȫˣҲҪȥ
ðӦÿ, мʱȫɡҶЦ
˵Ц˺ð죬ҶӺ涼, Ҳһ
ߵĻȥôôã
ǣ¡ǻæȥ˳ߴ١
ʵĲƷ˵ҪǼҪʱã˳Ÿոտʼˡ
ʱһĲƷ㱻ȥ޵ķΪ˳ԼҶǵ˿һʱ
ϵꤵģΪڣҶҲ̫ǵ̫Ůȶ˿ӣٴ԰ɡ
˿ˣЦˣǲþнֻҵ޶Ľˡ
ã£ҾͲˣҲˡ˵Ҷ俴˵һ¿ӣҲ
ȻȳųȥˣҲһ֪ͻ̫ŮһԷѹж󣬲أ͸ͷԾͺˡ
޼һûмм飬ͼˣʽ㣬ȳԼȻһǳԹˣȸġ
ЦãԼô͸Сһͦʳġ
εҡҡͷ˼鳢һڣԭΪڿʣ֮ĿڸҲһ
ױǻ̫ŮеĺóԵģûûԹģ⼦ʵϲ
߿Ҷ䣬ôѡģ
Ҳ֪ͿԵɽҰԵʣҶЩﻹͦеġҶϾҲ˵ΪԼռȪ
Žɣ˵ҲͲͨˣֻҶļ̫ˣһ۷ֱֻóԣֻóԡ
ţһ˺üڣʵϲôԷģ⼦ȷܺóԣϲԡ
ҶҲһһͳ˺üڼ⣬Ҫֶ˼飬ļͶԹˡ
ļͷ޳ˣצǱȳˣһ̵ĳԵĸɸɾġ
ְ꣬Ŀŵ˼ϣæȸʢһ룬Ц⼦ãҶȥģȻԵ㡣
⼦ļҲģʵ
Ҷ˵ͷһֻ˳۵ģҶˡ
ֶ˳֪ǲãܾ⼦ζͦģƽڹȵĺúȡ
ֳһ鼦⣬㷢ּļҲܺóԣɵֶ˼顣
ʣµļ⼸ƽˣҶ仹еûԱüЩߦ档
ζټ̼ˮζһȥҶ䶼Ժˡ
˶ͦܳԣһӵķ˶߰˰ˣ⻹ǵһϳԵôȴò෴һٷԵģͨ泩
˱ȥϢˣΪɫҲ޵Ժ
Ůİ²ϴϣлţſ˼ٵӦҪҪ
ɣô˻ңüʵ
£ﴫϢ˵Ǳѡǻæ˵
ü΢Ҳ˵ĸôͻȻ֮ѡģ
մŻ빬ˣ˵εĺܶѡƼģܵһмʮءǻּ
˰֣°ɡ
ǣ¡
ȫ߹֮üģԼǰ˺֮˫ȱˣԺ󣬺ܶ˱Լǳ£Ͼһ˫Ȳ·Ůۣ˵Ŀ϶ȥЩ˵ıƣҲõõϡ
ϴʱԼѲӣ㼸α˴ɱЩ˺֮ǰԼ׹ͬһˣԼĺþ˾ˣϾԼûĻᣬǴͷȻ䵽˾˼ҵļøϡ
ѾúԼȥˣϾԼѾһˣôͻȻԼأ
ĸǱߣҲ֪ĸôģջ˹ǵȥ̽̽ڷźá


125 
ڶһ, ˴һ˲Ծ, Լոʱ嶼رĳ, Ҳ̫, ܵó緹֮һԺһЩ
ɽȴвͬ, һþƽպ˲٣ˣоƺҲ˲, ôء
Ըȵ˶, , ѵҶļĹͣ
æ˷ϴ, ȹ֮ȥޡ
޼ԼҽˣЦʽ, оôǲǾþ, ࣿ
æ˵ͷϴγּҲָо
۾ĵ˵ͷ, ţ, ⼦ƺкôҶȥġ
ȷʵЧֻǲ֪ĶܶŪһЩּҲ⼦, Ͼ˼Ҷĸ˼ܣܲԼǻ̫Ů, ǿ˼ոͼ
˵ҶסʽԣұȥҶ䡣ްҶ䵱ѣҲۡ
һǾ̫ΪҶˡЩԥ
ûµĻʽ㣬Ҳ̫ˣɣҪʵڹⲻȥԶҶЩЦ
Ҳãҽ΢Щ˼˵
ɡظ֤
ʽˣͷɱҶԺҶȳ緹أˣҶ緹ûҪҪһԵ㣿
ҳԹˣٺ٣Ҷ䣬ĸˣҰС¶˿ݣҶ׼׼ЦЦ
Ҷ˻һôˣ̫߳ˣ
ǲǣⲻǣΪ˹ô࣬Ҳñʾʾ˵ţڵĸҶϺȡ
ϺֺóԣԼЦ
ҶһھһڣϺȷʵóԡ
޼ҶԵ㣬һҶʢ϶ţҰʢٺ١
Ҷ䱻Լֱֱۣ϶Ƥˡ
ܲ㣿лֱ˵Ҷʵܲˡ
Ҷ䣬һʽȼӦҲ˵˵ţ޶ԷŮǵȫȥ̫
ǡŮԣ׷ȥ
˶ˣ޲żһʽ߲֮·ˣǼǰԵʱ˺ˣһʽˣˣֻЩọ̈̄޶֤
Ǹ𣿡Ҷʵ
޵˵ͷ绹Ǹ˾˲Ŵ鷳ǰһǫǫӵģʵһӵĻˮǺҰ㻹Ѳʱɱң֮ǰЩ̿Ҳˣû֤ݡ
̾˿ּĸТιǸ˾һĸͬ׵ܵܣ˵ԼƲ⣬ĸʲţԺҪἰұҲû˰취ֻȸô¡
Ҷü΢˻صͦġ
ȻǾ˾˹ģװһӣĸʻͳ컧ǿƹ˰Ĳţ˵ǸҲΪƫƫϲװԼܽڼӣҲ֪˭һ²ûͣ¹
ô˵ǵǧСǸҶü
ȻҺҳ߶˲书ǿİ˵ֻҲҵƢģס˵ôûʵأ̾˿
ʵеЩ󳼲֪ԸٴˣĸΪ̫ŮǶĸѹȥˣʽһֱòˣ¸Ϊ̫ŮҲǳ£Ĳ뵱ʲô̫ŮҶ䣿
˵˼ĵط㶼ˣԼﻹܿЩҪ˲ЩԹٵĭܰˣҾ뿪ĵĹһӣ뵱ʲôŮۡ
Ҷ̾˿ȷʵʵ۲һܵģأչʲôϵ
һҶôʣæЩһʽ˵ˣо˼֮˲٣һʽ㡣
ҲῴֻŪЩóԵʳҶʵʵ˵ȪӦβҶҲȷȪܲκȼ
Ҳû£һʽԼѡļòãߣ㿴ЩǿŪظԼ޵
Ҷ˵ͷ㶼ô˵ˣаɣԼҲóԡ
ллллҾ֪ˡЦųҶ¶˰˿ݡ
Ҷ䱻ŵöһ£ܲ㣬Һ¡
УͽOܶǰɣ޲
ǵȻ
˶һ죬뿪ˣҶȥ˾֮ǰרŴȥ˶еһҼᣬֻŴ˳
Ҷϳ֮󣬽ֻŵ˿ռӿռץֻѾ˺ܶյļŵ
ЩŶȿڵȣȥһ˽ҰѼˣȥ˾
ˡҶſڸȥǰǰ󻹸8޸Ҷ䰲ŵġ
ʱͣ˽ſڣҶӳż
ĻѾɫȥˣʱС˱㿪š
Ҷ䣬Сæӭ˳ȥֻǵҶļʱС˵ϻǿƲסĳ鶯£ǸŵģС˺ּܿһЦҶˣ£ҽɣ˽ȥͨ
Ҷ˰֣ãһøϽȥ˾һӼҸO͹ȥ
ʲʲôС˶ˣΪԼĶ⣬һɻĿҶ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷļҶС͹ȥ˵ѡּͨĺóԡ
СˣҶǲˣҶˣģ
Ҷ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷģֱӸȥͺá
СֻÿһӦãСȥ
ţȥɡҶ˼Ͻ컹һء
ոС˿һȥ˽O֪Oڷ˵Ժû취СֻżȻԺȥˡ
һ·ϣĲ˶ڿС˶ˣòߵȻԺӣСѾһĺ
СĸүˡλС밲С㣬Ҷ˶СΪżûҽȻӣֻſ˵
һҶˣüıĸҶˣ
ǹҶҶˣһС˵ԽԽС
ޣҶҲǿѣ׷Ůô׷鱦лô¶ô׷ŮһӼģ
ŤͷȥȻͿһӼЩûģֱӱҶľˡ
Ҷ䣬Ұã͵Ķȴ׵Ķʲô˼ںǽ㶫Բ˻ȥǽҲ㶫¶ˣŮģôܺҶһأ
Ȼýסڱǿ˼Ҳ벻ͨҶôö˶˵ֶҲҶǱǰĺˣֱӽ˻ȥǲǴ˱ºͶµ𣿡
˵ţȻַԸˣ⼦ŵҳȥǾ˳ԡ
ȴҪڷǽԲҶ䣬ǲ
ҶҲһ⣬˵ļóأOС
סڣôҲҶԶһ㣬ߣⷹҲգˡ˵ţ¾š
ȽˣȻ̾˿OҶôͻȻͼˣ
۹ãȽϻѡ糢֪ˡ˵ţOֶһԵŮóֻ
ǣС㡣Ůæ˳ȥ
ȻҲһŽɵı飬ԼŮǲǱҶסˣҶѡļͨϵļһôóԻһζȻҲû˵ƣ˭ŮϲҶء
ʱ򣬵з˶Oȼ˺ռ飬ܿһ飬ּһ顣
ƲƲ죬ûäĿϲҶһУҶ͵ļôóԣŲء
ţһ飬ֻҧһڣ۾ˡ
ȻɻĿŴŮʵôǣ
ûУ⼦ȷʵóԣʵģҶ֪ôˡ˵ţָԼһ顣
ȻŮԵĺ㣬СŮǳԵС϶ǣȻżһӼ⣬Уһŷ֣治ҽOţ⼦ĺóԡ
֣ҶǴĶļĻͦóԵġȻʵ
ҶѡģĻûôóأɽҰȻЩ졣O䣬Ц
⵹ǣٳȻ˵ţԼʢһֻڣȻͨ泩ζʵ̫ˣܳĳֵζƷζǼζ
úȣǺúȣҶЩϵģȻҲᱻºͶʶȻ̾ҶˣٳĻ¿¥ҲȻܴ׬һʡ


126 
»صҺ, Ȼ˸˼ȥһʼȣⶫܺȵĻҲǻġ
ôǰȻ˸͹, ôҲøӼӣ, ֻ¶, µ۾ˡ
, ζǴģôεĸúȡ
һ뼦֮󻹾δɴȥҰȻˡ
Ȼ, ļ, ζвͬ, Ǹĳ䷽𣿡ʵ
, ǼԵʣҶ͹ļ, ȻúȡȻʵʵ˵
ôܣһļ, Ҷ͹ľͺã²š
տͨļԣĶȻζȻ
ߣð, ھһ˵Ž±ߵС˽˹
ȥСһ, ҪҶ͹ļҲҶĶ
ǣү˵, С˾ͼҴҵˡ
ȷûˣȻŵոճԵҶ͹ļġ
, Ҫ֪͵ģȻῴһۡӲ
һֱȵ˯ǰߵС˺ĸʢһ롣
ֻζüͷʢһ£ֻһͲζϵĲͬⲻȵļ
̾˿ߵС˻˻֣ȥɣǼҲˣ͸ǵҹɡ
ллүллүСæ˸߲ҵĽ˳ȥⶫ˼ҺˣɶЩ˵ҩļʵǺö
չȥҶùȫɣΪ˲ȶԣһΣֱ̨
˾ĴԺռ̫խҶ֮ǰҲֻܽм򵥵ĲԣβͬοеĴȫˡ
Ҷ˵£ŮۣǣŮ۱ֱ˽͵ľӪнвԡ
ˣŮۻеĴһͬǰ˽⣬һ֤ǹ³ֵĴɱ
еȫź첼ôһһ˽⡣
ҶȻҲ˹ȥ
ΪŮҪӪĻһֹµʱӣŮۡ
Ů۴ŴǹʱѾˡ
ҶھӪг˷֮˽һſ߰˰֮ĵطеļˣһǧҵĵطеļˡ
̺йأҶ׼һֱʿͳһᣬһȶԡ
䳡һ̨ÿ̨ĺ棬Ҷ䶼䱸ʮʿʵȷɵĹԶ
ҶЩʿôôʸʱʿͨ
ҶˣϾͿ쵽ˣ½ϽȥſڽӼݡ
ã͹ȥҶ˵ţСӪſȥˡ
һ㿴Ů۵ĳʻʱŮ۱˳󻹸ŲٵĳŵĻ϶ƷϵĴ󳼣һȺ˺ƺƵӪ
Ҷæӭȥ
μĸʡ
μ¡
ɣöҶ䣬ɶ׼ˣЦʵ
ǣѾ׼׵ˡҶæ
߰ɣǱȥɣصĺֿʼƵɧҴѵı߾óǿñǱ߼᲻ѹ
ǣ¡
Ҷ˵ţæǰ·
Ϊ˱ˣҶŮۺʹǶվĺ󷽣һֱ߿ЧҲˡ
վҶԱߣȥЩ
ȺҲкܶ˲ŵģ͵͵ۡ
˵Ҷһµʱɱ
ܰɣ浱˶ǳԸɷģ˼оôöûҶ𣿷ǲš
ҲţҶվͻڱǰȡ裬ҵҪһû˵ôôճ
ߣһҰöѣǻָɱҿ֮ǰϹè˸ӲġҲһŵӡ
ԱߵĻȴЦˣˣ˵Ҷ䲻ǺҶСϵǳô㶼Ҷ䣿
ĪҪ˵ŮװףҶһϵûУЩ˿ɲҪŮס
ЦϢŭϢŭǻһ𿴿Ҷ䵽ˣʲôϷɡ
ߡһ˦䣬һ
ʱҶǱ߱׼ˣҶһƺŽǵĶֻҪһŽǣÿʿͬʱᣬͬʱľ
Ҷվһĺ棬˺ŽǣֻʿȫᣬϵĹһһ㱻һֱҶòˣִһŽǡ
ҶָרŸ𴸶ʿľûϵ֧һ˸ߵĳ˳ȥ
ʸȥ֮ٶȼ죬мֻʸ䵽߰˰ԶĿյϣҲеļʸֱ˼ϵļУһ䴩˼ϵļУνɱһ
ҶĿһУððʸ޴سǣٺʲˡ
Ҷ䣬˴󹦡ѹƲסЦ⡣
Ǵѵı߱Ǻ˵ĵؽ磬߾ʿʱͺͻʱ˻ҽӱ߾ĳŪʤɱ山صĺˡ
ˣⶼӦġҶЦЦ˵
ˣĴҲԾ̾
Ȼˣ
ǰҶȻ򵥣ɱĳ
һΪϴϹɵأ˼һˡ
ȷʵУȷʵⷽЩŸɡ
Ҳһ𾪵ĿԶʸļˣ૵ôôܵģ
ȻҶȴǵĵȷȷˡ
ϲҶҶ䣬⼸㶢˾ʮҪ͵ǱȥνҪ֪ɱһ˻ˡ
ּҶæ
ЦſڵǴһûʲôҪģֻҪģȻӦ㡣
ҶĹϣܸͽOͻ顣
Ҷ⻰һˣſڣɻûȿڣͷˣ㣬ϴξʹӦ飬ûʲôģ
Ҷҡҡͷһ±ӣǴѵΪӦ顣
ʲôҪϵЦãޱӦ󣬴ͽOճףģǳ׵һˣްˣ񲿸ٰ졣
˵ţ߿˽£䣬ϲˣ»ͷˡ
ּºòײżЦЦȿ޶ѿ
٩䣬ôϲ£ôһЦģûأ
ˣĺܸˣֻЩ᲻ŮҪЦϱ¶ȴǿЦĲϲҶ䣬ô»Ĵͻˣԣ¶ֱιȥҲʵ
ЦЦּҶ䣬ȻʲôҪޱŮΪְְط͸أʳذ˰ٻȻˣ֮ǰ͸ĸ̫ۡªˣѾ˸׼˿ǳ׵ʱõϡ
л¡ҶæлԼĹְһЩOԼҲܸӣ˵ǴͷأҲְֻÿõصϹѡ
ҲĿҶȻвŸɣ̫ᣬҲϤѾѹְ˹ɣǿƷĹְʱԼٸˣǾ͸ɴְ˿ͷԼŮͷΣ˷غʳأҲǰҶ˲סˡ
һҶ䱻Ů˿ϵɫ˲٣û޸λŮ޸ҲУ


127 
, ϲϲǱ´ͻ顣
ǰ˴ϲ, Ů˺Եϲϲ
ǱµŮ, ǲ͵ڽ˺ͱҲˣǺһ׮
˿̵ĽһЦ, ͬϲͬϲ, ĿţҼСŮ´ˣȳ׵, λ˿ɶȱϯ
İɽ, ǱضñϴȥԾơ
, ҶҲ˲, һʯͷҲǷˣ˳ʱͲôæˡ
ô, Ҷ䴽ǹ˹, ողǻڽôϲɫˣ
ҶôԹԵĺ޻˵
ʱ¾Լ˹, װģĹ񣬡¡ˡ
Ҷ߿, ϣⲻǽôпչˣ
ϵЦݲѿҶ, ʲô
˵Цˣ¸ոոСŮ˻, ҲһˣҲͻǿ΢Ц
𣿡Ҷ䴽ǹ˹û˵
ּǺˣͽOĹϵýһǡ
㲻ҽе֮ǰ˵ҽ㽪𣿡Ҷȵ
ֹҶļһ԰ǺˣɾĲˣôôҶ㣿ҶڿĸʵŮ㲻Ƕǻɣ
²ŵù£԰ϳԵºͱǿĹ
ǾͺãԺҶõ㣬ȻҿɲӦ˵
Ҷֱ۽޴޵ҶŵùǺ϶Ƥˡ
һһ
Ҷ޵ؼ£µɫٴˡ
Ҷ²ˣȴˡ
¼ٴȥԼҲ䲻ãˡ
ˣҶԼϵļƤһۣ޶Ұɣ´οɱҶˣϼƤһء
Уҽһأ㻹ҡ޲
ߺߣҡ
ʱЩǱɢˣְҶе˽ǰҶ䣬ʮȫãҪã
ùȫƵĻʮ֮ھɡҶ
ã㾡˸ƣصս½ⶫþõϡ
·ģұ˸󡣡
ţĻ£Ͳõˣ˲ͽOİ֣һӡЦ
л¡ҶЦ
Ҷ޼䣬عˣҶ˽⼸ȫͻ˾ȥ
Ϊⶫܵר˿أ˭ǰȥϸϸ鿴ġ
Ҷ䡢޻æһ磬ϳʱ춼Ѿˡ
˰ĿһʱҪ˵ӣҶ㣬ǽնһˣܲȥֻһ
Ҷ˴Լĸ첲лֱ˵Ҷ㣬ˡ
ôôأֻԼ˶ѡ޳Ҷգգ۾
ٽҰӳӳȥ
ðɣðɣأܲܳԼʵ
㻹ûԹ⼸նˡҶ䶼ˣ뻻ζ
ûУļҸԲ޵
ҲˣҪȥԣҶ
ܺó𣿡ʵ
ҶһǱģѡЩʳģûвóԵġ
УֻҪһóԵ㣬Ҿͳԡ˾
϶ģҸĵطͣҶ˵ţƿӺ˼䡣
ʱǱѳͣҶ˳ҶװģɨһȦǿԼռС㡣
ָָңҪԣ
Ϲ͸ʢ費Ҫɱ㣿ǵʵ
ҶҡҡͷãԼȥɱɱˣͲˡ
û뵽мңҸֽˡ˵ţǵҶİ㡣
Ҷ˫ֽӹ㣬ֽ㻹ڲ
ûŰɡ޿ڵ
߰ɣ߰ɣȳȥ˵Ҷߴٵ
޺æߵǰ棬ҲǳŵĹҶһѾֽŵ㻻ԼռȪӵȪ
ȳ˵ţҶͰһеĻúˣ͡
ǣҶˡǻæ㱧Ľġ
ʱҶǱصסĵطҶ˽͵˳ĳһʣµһɷӡ
һߣŮ۴ͻʥּҲ˽ߵǰȥʥּ
ߵŮ٣ʥּ㱻ӭ˽ǡýҲոմӹˣæŴˣʥּģ
ǣϲˣýСּɡ
ãáæߵļСȥˣOȻȫ˳
ǣOЩɻʵ˿̵֪Ҷ䱻˿¡
λǱߵŴˣʥּģһͬ½ּæ
áO˸æŹ
ŴʥּˣʵگԻ񣬴ͻְҶ䡢O񲿲ٰ£մˡ
˵Цſ򽪽OּɣǺһ׮
ְOЩʵ
ǰ˿Ů˿غʳأǴ°Ц
ŮּOЩ㱵ֽӹʥּҶĿҪˣҶ仹˿
СɣʥּˣҲûعˡЦſˡ
ȥŴˡ´ߴٵ
ǣæȥ


128 
Oӻµ, Ҷ䱻Ϊְ
ҶƳˣOʵ
µ˵ͷ, մã»ҶŮ, Ҫʹ, ֮Ҳһ¡
Oһ, Ҽǵ֮ǰϲҶ䣬Ҳͬ׵ġ
, һʱһʱ, Ҳɢ, 㵹ҵĲˡ, ֵǸOΪ֮ǰҶЩ, ԺǰΪ⼸, ϾԺһˡ
O򽪳µĿЦЦͦñͨġ
ָָO, ô⻰лأ
OЦЦȻȥˡ
O˵ų彪ЦЦ, 뿪ˡ
ȷʵǻлͲдˡ
¼OˣָָO, 㿴⣬, һģ
Ȼһ²۵˭ǰô˼ҶģŮûԹ𣿡
ҲΪã֮ǰҶһ׵ģ˭ܿϣڿɲһˣôǱµŮˣֱ˿˷غʳأڹٳô궼û̾˿
Ȼҡҡͷҿ˱ҲֲŮ˵
˵ţȻҲˣҲ¡
¼һģˣԭһţֱӻԼ鷿ˡ
һߣҶ޵ķų㣬޽رģҶ㣬˴󹦣նˣǾ˾ϵűղûסֻˡ
룬ʵǲ΢һȥɣ
˵ţҶֱۣ׼ʽҶ䡣
ҶȻҲ֪æסһЩͣܲˡ
У㻹ҡ޲Ҷͬ˿ԸһЩѾܿˡ
кһС˹ȥͳ˵һкյ㣬һʢһЩҰ͹ȥ˵Ҷѡ㡣
ǣ¡Сæȥ˳
ֹһ˿ʼ½½һǣεζرһ޾һ̾㰡
ǱģҲ˭ѡġҶ˵ţΪǿӼˣʵ⣬ϲӡЩ
ҶӳһڣҸĲ޳ҰʱԵĻһϾʱȱٵζƷٺóԣҲԾû޸еĳĺóԡ
ҲһڣȻͱˣǣҲ̫ó˰ɣҶ䣬ܲܽ̽ңôѡģ
ҶҡҡͷҪңĴ𲻳ѡЩǴƾо
ãԺʲôҳʲô޲
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ㰡¡
ǡ˵ţָԼʢһһڣ˶̹˲٣Ҳ̫ú˰ɣУҶ䣬ԺҪǻ˿סҵչȥ䷹
СҶ䶼ˡ
˳ԷĹǱҲյ͹㡣
ʵǲôԶģ޶͹ģ
ԣ˵ˣ㶼ҶˣԣְְѡġСæ
Ǻã°ɣڱһЩһҶѡĶûóԡ
Ụ̊һãϸϸƷ
ֻһͱˣȷʵóԣϴγԵĸһһӲǽȫˣֳһĺ㣬⻹δء
һߣҶȥϴ˯ˣʱ̫ˣû˯
ļգҶĹˣҪǶЩʱ
ʮ֮ŮҶȥ
һ˳ȥ޸ۡԶĿҶһ㿴ϵְ֣̽
Цɣϴα´͸СԺӴܶ࣬ǰȥһԺӣ԰ʹסгȣͬźüԺ䣬ԺһСȻȶ¸ϵĴ󣬵ֲɻҲ´ࡣ
šҶһӦţһ߸ιۡ
ʹӺѾߣйĺãһҲ˳Щ
Ҷ˵ͷȷʵ´͸ʹӹȻʡ£˭һûеˣҪǸȫǱµˣסĵöܡ
˸ȻڿյģҶȴǲ
ҶڸתһȦԸ⣬ĿȽҪһЩֱӰѲ˵ĹȣѡһЩʵֵˡ
պҶ⿤ģˣһٻʮСˣʮʮѾߣ֣ĸϴ˹һʮˡ
Ҷ䲻æʱ򣬾ʹС˺ͻڴϲ³˲֮⣬һǧƽҶѸиĶȫ˻ȥ
ǼչȥҶ䶢ʮ̨Ѿȫɡ
Ҷ޴˽ľӪԣȷã˽ء
ߣһֱΪҶͽOĻ׼ඨһԺ˻ĳﱸʱ仹̫գ¸Զ¡
Ҷȥи֮͸ɴһµļ٣ҶڸϢ˳ﱸ¡
Ҷӹл֮ɣֻҪȥϰ࣬Ϳġ
רСں԰￪һƬյأҶ׼˽ţȦȦȦмȦԺҪȪιļݣֱӴӸˣôͻأ
ǣϢĵһҶ˲ٵĹʼں԰ţȦȦȦмȦ
ЩҲǾϡ棬һμǵĴԹڼŪЩϾǿԹҪʲôרŸÿ峿ʵ߲ţĶõЩȻǲҶ˵
ΪҶ͵˶࣬Щõķֻձ㱻ˣ֮󻹵ɼա
ҶҲʱ˰˵Լڶһȥ
˿̵ĽOڻĸϲμӾۻᣬμЩۻὪOͦĵģԴӻ֮㲻ôЩŮǵľۻˣʱȾǸָԷʹӣֻȤ
ĵճŮ룬ҲòȥOɴֻǹȥո֡
O֮󣬱һֱļŮ죬룬ûһѻתϡ
СǺø˵ְʶ֣ЩĽϴЦ⣬˵Ļȴô
Oȴ̹ȻЦЦȷʵܺãȻҲôŮ˿
ƱOҭһ£ȴҲźͽOԣȷʵЩĽˣ˵⼸ڸнţȦȦȦмȦ׿Ұ˽ѣҲԾϲЩɽҰСĶ
ǰҶ䵽׳ãҲ̫ˡ
˭˵أһͷΣɵĻҰС¡
ΪǵһŮҵʲôĺԵأ⣿˸Ĵá
ĪҪ˵ˣҲ̫Цˡ
˶˽͵͵ŽOЦģЦȡЦζ


129 
ɽҰСҿλھŹ, Ƕ伲࣬ǰ飬ʧ, ·϶ĴڣûǿеЩɽҰСֵء, ЩŮֻ𣿡
O˵, վ, һһɨ˸ոճЦЩŮ˲ܲ˰ռ, ֻ֪Լ̰ͼ, С, ˵԰ɣ
ƱʵĶ䶼, 飬ֻڼ̰ĹԱȫˣǵľۻ˵ǹŮ֮ľۻ, ˶, ˵׼ᴫŮ۵ĶǵʱҪһյ
ƾ͸æС˵Ц, ǸոնڿЦأҶ֪յļ, ǿˡ⾩˭ְ֪ΪǾ˶µ, ǬԪЩ˾ŶӶֲ, Ľء
԰԰ְڸŪЩȦʲôģҲ֣ͬЩ˸ѧϰġ
ԶԶԣǲףһͷȥ˵úҵһ£ÿձ㿪ЩİΪһճԲ
ⰡһȥҲͼ
ЩŮ˾ȸǵĻ٣һO߶ˣЩת˷һǶôİһʵֻԼܻˡ
OôĿЩݣҲֵ徲ˣûٸĲʹ죬Ҳûٸ˵Ҷһ仵
ⳡۻкͽOһеıǼƵüϧ˱̫ˣ˼ֵЩŮǵĴǹལͷء
һߺļŮһߵϧһʶվ֪ԳԺȺȵģղŶOڿˣҲ˵仰ء
ϧһ㶼ûֻýոĵĸóԣûס˺üЩŮǶæŶӦҲûע⵽
OһЩŮǲɢ˼򸮣ֻһɡ
УƿżϧüҸոձOˣôҲ˵仰
û㣬˵ͦ𣬰ռ࣬ȷʵðȡѽո㲻ҲͬĻ𣿡ϧһĲ⡣
ƿ챻ըˣþǴС̫ˣûʲôֻۣ˵óԳԺȺˣǳˣģָΪʲô
㣬ˣú˵ֱ뿪ǰ
ϧǲΪ⣬ͦã¾û߶ˡ
~~
ڶһ磬Ҷȥ˽ҪȥĽ¡
¿Ҷ䣬ԭѾЦˣǿҶŵʱϵЦֱˣǣҶĲǴĹ
˺üųҶ买˹֡
Ҷ佫ıǰãýһˮҶҪȥ
ĵĸԾˣǽ˽ϲٵˮŪý
µҶ䣬˼ŵȥɣOǽڼңȥˡ
Уߺòͣ·СġҶ˵ţֱ˱ġ
Ҷ佫ݸ˺Ļ˳˲֡
룬Ҷֱȥ˽OԺ
ʱŮȥͨOæˡ
㲻æˣ
ţ¸ҷһµļ٣ұŹ㡣Ҷ彪Oգգ۾
OҲЦЦɡ
ȵȣ˰źãԼѡġ彪Oգգ۾˵
OҶ˼˽ŵˮţʱɱ˳ԡ
Ҷ⻹ǵһνOĹ뷿أӺ󾱣᲻᲻̫ã
Oһۣ˱˻ԡ
ҽˡҶԹԸڽOĺš
OŮǳȥ׼ģǱôˣ
׼ĲˣҺȹձȥסˣסȥ֮Ҿ͹ȥ
ðһûȥĿءO߿Ҷ䣬Ҷ̫ˣҶˡ
ˣ˵ڸｨ˼ʲôģ
Ҷ˵ͷ͵ţŪЩóԵģʡٳȥˣҹ׼ȥ򼸳Ūš
аɣ㿪ľͺáOʧЦҡҡͷ
˻û˵仰أ㱧ŽˣСһҶ俪ĵĲУСҪ
Ҷ㣬Һ~СһҶȵ
ҶСһҿûйԹԳԷ
Ҷ䱧Сһ˵ߣСӺЩɰ
ٺ٣ҶͽʲôʱѽˡСһץҶֱ
ȹմȥҼҿòѽҶʵ
ҮСһ￪ĵľ˫ȭ
ҶЦŽСӾ˸׼˷䣬˺ܶߣʱ档
ٺ٣ϲҶ~Сһ
OʧЦҡҡͷҶ簮СӣԺ˱Ҷ仹ðѺӳ죿
СһҶ棬һһ硣
ʱ򣬰ȻҲˡ
˰ȻҶĸá
Ͼһˣ֮ǰû˾нɡȻЦ
Ҷ伸¡
Ȼ˿Ҷ䣬ֿ˿ԼŮаʱǱҪˣʱ죬ʵһͦ᲻ýOġ
ĸģҵĸۡﲻԶOʲôʱʲôʱҶЦ
Ц޲ͣгܵģȻʧЦ
ȥסҲаҸûге鶼OģҲġҶЦſ򽪽O
O˵Ķ΢죬Ҷһ£˵ﻹء
Ҷϵգգۣû˵ұġ
ȻЦſҶͽOȴַһЩҶûгOڿȷʵʵʵĸǲκ
Ҫȥ棡СһʱĹ廰˶Цˡ
ȻСһﱧЦʵҪҶ߰ô죿
ͣһġСһߴߴ˵
ȻЦˣСûĵģ֪Ҷ棬ﶼҪǲǣ
ٺ٣ϲˣСһ
һOСˣЦЦڵҶǴرĺóԡ
ϴεļǰһּһó𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷǱġ
룬ʵҪҪ˸һݹȥ
Ȼҡҡͷ֮ǰǶ˼СҶԼԹ緹ɣǼԣ
ԶԶԣСһ˫ָ͵
ȻͰѼ˶ˣȻ˵СһıӣĴТŮ
ٺ٣ô𣿡Сһͷ
ǣʱľû˸ΨһŽµĽҲױζˣֱ׵Ժֻ֪ͷ㣬³Ե˾ûˡ
Сһڶͯô̵⣬ĵĲͣĻСȡ
ͬʱڹͨ׷ͳˣһ߳һ̾ԴϴγҶ͵ļٳԱģûûζġ
ƫƫҶϵãҲ˼˼ҪԵģֻľĽУȴڻζζһ߳ԣһ̾


130 
ҶڽOһ, һֱ˲뿪
ϣ´ӹ˸ͰȻһԷʱ, СһҲڡ
ֻСһûĺóԣһ跹, һҶó, ûôóԡ
Ƭ, ߿СŮҶ㣿
΢еӡ, һˮ, Ūһ϶ˡ
ѽ, ѽСһʵĵ˵ͷ
ϴεļһó𣿡ʵ
Сһַٵĵ˵ͷ, ѽѽɺó, ҳ˺ö, ء
¶ʱ;㲻ˣ򽪽ʵôûиһЩأ
ٺ, Сһ¶һЦͷԼݷ, ˡ
ֿ˰Ȼ˵кóԵ⣬Ҳû˵һЩ, ǹķʵѳԡ
˭㲻ϲ˼Ҷأ˼, ҲԣǱû͡Ȼ
ǣżҡ¿Ůˡ
ûУֻǾ¡Ȼ̹Ȼ
󣬽Ҳûļ⡢⡣
һߣҶҲ׼ˡ
޼Ҫߣͦ᲻˵ģˣ⸮ɾˣ
û¶һ䷿ʱ䷹ҶЦ
ҿɲˣǵʱ ҷͺá
ᣬʱӭҶЦ
һԶʹǽ͵ľϣЩҪһһصҶĿ
˿ͷγţҶѾȫˣԴԼʼʼٹԼˣµ˽ȣ½
ǣһһĶ޸ҶĿ
ҶҲǺڸа
ϳԷʱҶЩȦȦʲôѾɵĲˣʵˣʲôʱȥ󰡣
ϸļСһͬȥȡЩȦȦʲôĶҶ
á
˳ȥϢˣҶڶȳ˸緹ͼҴҵĴȥ˾
רֳЩׯӣҶһׯӣȻС˹ȥۣҶͷţʮֻʮͷԼʮֻ
Ҷ俴ЩͷƤһ飬ǣЩôȥ
ҶЩϲҶ¶ɫЦЩҿȥţ͵˸ϵˡ
Ҷ򴽣аɡ
עҪˣ̣˲֪Ź֣Ҳû취˭Ҷأ
ǣҶǵǰ棬һװżĴ󳵣󳵵ĺͷţȺȺűϣҶ丮СҲںæš
֮ҶǵĶ鵽˾ǵλãҲЩѫ󡢸߹ٵĸۡһ֣ĶǴԹҶǵĶԵøͻأˣЩƤĻ˶ģзĿš
Ҳ۷׷ס
ǣļŪô󣿻ǻģ
˭˵أôһ㶼Ƿŵׯţô˰ЩŪԼȥأ
˭˵أ⣬ǿ·ϻ൰ģɺͳɺͳֱ˹ģ
԰סĶʲôˣңҰЩϵģϷյҪˣˣȥǰ
˵ǵʷԶѾʮˣʷĹְȻ󣬵ȴԹ٣ʱʵ۳˴ЩһҲֱӶŻʵۿ硣
ʱҶ㱻
ƿ⿴ȥͼʮǬԪǰ
üڵְҲϽÿ
ԶԼƲӣߵߣϷľ㣬סĶʲôˣְȻЩϵɺͳɺͳϷҪһ
ҶȴǵĴӳ˳ĿǼڳǰˣôѵɷ涨𣿲ھȦЩ𣿡
ԣȻûСԶ˼Ƭ̣ȴǼô˹ģúõһֵŪǵϾȻۻ֮ְҿǾӹ԰ѱ·ˡ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷЩԹʲô¶ûУͻҳҷͣһԼЩؼʲôеģʲô£˵ĺ˲Щһôˣɷǣб±ԱȰǸԼľͶЦ
ԶҲסˣϾͨĹЩԹ٣һôϵԹ٣Ǳ¶øݱ棬ͱҶôˣ
㣬ֱɲֱɲϷм磡Զܻ
ҿ˵ҰɣôˣͨҲЩҲͨմֱɲ𣿳ˣԭˣƶͨշŵ˻Թأÿնй˽߰ɣ
ҶɲʲôЩԹپӲŲš


131 
, Ҷ䣬ĿŪЩ, ĶһģϷھ빬㡣Զˡ
Ҷȴǵĳ˵ͷð, , ߡ
˵, Ҷ»صȥǼԹ١
ҲǱĲᣬҪͨ, ³Ǻ˵˵Ҷ䵹, û, վﳰ, ǽǲԺôԹ٣
Ҷ䣬, Ųһգ
, ˣͲñΪ
߰ɡҶڳﵭûЩ˷
ЩĵĿҶ, ˣ˵᲻°
ܳʲô£ҲЩһظ, ֲǷǻôţ
Ҷ̾˿, ǵľͺá
ҲǡһҶô˵ͷˡ
˿̵Ĵ, ҶȺȺƺƵĴӳԶǰеֱӳ˼
Զ㱻Σдд컯֮¾Ͱۻ֮ŪϣϷھ빬һЩԹٷ
ԣˣͬһȥ
Ҳͬһ𡣡
ǼԹٱ˹
˿̵޶ڣ۸ǳǽҲϼ̨Աʱ֮裬˵ʱлҴҵܽͨ£˼ڵȺ򡣡
üģ̾˿ǽɡ
ȴվٴȥˣһĭҽɲ
ĸʣܲȻȥ˾Ǳ߻ҪءЦЦ˵
ЦЦȴǾܾޣ޶ҲɣԹǽܰĥĥӡ
ƲƲ죬һſվһԡ
ʱԶ༸Թٹˡ
ȣμ¡
ɡЦЦλҪ£
£ҪְҶ䡣Զֵ
Ҷ䣿ôˣʵ
Ҷ컯֮Ū˼ʮֻţظֱǻȡ裡˻ʼҵ棬ЩţҲֱɲȻֱ㣬㡭
ԶĻ˺üżΪȻǰյıʲǣڵˣ˰ഫЦ£һҪúԼ٬ǲίΡ
ҲЩɻЩԹ˵ʵС£ҶΪʲôϲֳЩأ
һԶεҶ䣬ͲˣˣҴҲûɷ涨ڸɣ
£㣬Ǳˡ˵ţԶֳһ񣬶һ硣
£ĪöҶ˻ˣҶš٬ǸɲѶҲ˰¡
顣
顣
Թٷ׷׸ϸ顣
̾˿ְй޲ΪôһС¾ͽɣްйԼǽͽ͡
ߣҶŰ裬·ȴ˿ЩԹٷиǴʴʣҲãҪʲô˵Զĵ
ܿģ˳ȥͨҶˡ
ͨĻʱҶں԰Ȧء
С˻Ҷһ׶ֻҶһӵˣȱֻҲ£ˣϽҲҷŵȦ
ǣȻ֪ΪɶЩС˻ǺİŵȦ
ʱС˹ͨˡ
ҶߴȦ˻Ǳ˼˹̣λˣ֪ʲô£
̶Ҷˣúõɽˮ԰ӲǱҶֳ˼£Ż˹ǿһĨЦϾ빬
˵ţֵԹȥ
Ļû˵ҶѾˣæ˸ʮӴͣ첽ȥһһߴȣҶŵ㣬Ǹιˮٿˡ
İˣءȺǿ׵Ӧ
Ҷǲĳ˳飬ǣְڲͬ
ʱҶͣ˹ſڣҶ˳Ϳ첽ȥ
ȵʱҶͷ϶ˣһűæ񣬡Ҷ䣬μ¡̫Ů¡¡
ɡЦЦ±ͲǴ£ԹһҲͺˣʵô⣬ЩԹٵƢ̫ˣ˭磬޲ð·Ĺץҧڡ
Ҷ»Ц֪鲻ֿޣ޳գգ۾
ĳԶϵĺӶ˶£ΪŮ٬
û٬һ޹˵ȻԶ͸ˡ
Ҷ߿Զϣⲻǳôˣ
ϳǰװΪʲô빬㻹֪ܲ
ֲĻ׳棬ô֪Ҷһ޹ĿԶ
Ավŵ޲һֳ±ԹӲǱסˡ
£㿴ְǰӣѳԶ
ԱߵһԹҲǺĲˣڱǰ㻹װɵ
װʲôˣŴˣ㵹˵˵Ҷһϵ
ΪɣǱ׷ְӦÿ˼ǣ㵹ãŪһȺǣֱǻȡ裬ʼҵȫˣλŴ˳Ҷ
ҶŴ˻Ϊˣޱš
Ҷȴһ㲻תһ񣬡£ĳϳΪսǣҲΪаΪϵףûаũɣֳЩ˳ʲôʲôѵȫȥ𣿡
已̥ŴˡɷǣмڳԣҲӲ⡣
˵ţҶֿŴˣŴ˵˼ЩԼѱյĲףұ˻ȡ裬治֪ŴԼ˽ʮ󣬸ʮ꣬㲻ǽݡ
Ŵ˱Ҷֻ̣ƣ֮ǴȾһɫһһ䡣
Ĳ죬Ҷȷ˵ĵûڲ廰УֵʱǲǿŴѸʳЩھǰǣ֪֪⵱ж˶ٵ񡢰գûЩũɣֳİգЩֻˣƤӵԹֻжķݡ
УԹ𵽵ǼΣֵʱЩôȥЩ̧ۡб˽ҵĹôȥЩ˴µˣһĶЩëƤͣ˵ʵڵģоڵ̫̫
Ҷ˵꣬ԶѾЩȱˣǿʶ£ûпգ
ҶȴЦڿΪ˰գײյҲǣҽձֱ˵ˣֻҪƾԼ˫֡˫ڷԵˣ㶼ֵأҲֳЩ󶪻ʼӣ֮ǰ֪һЩ£ֻӵ£Ҵѡ
㣬㡭ԶҶƿԣǲЩ񷨲ϣ֮ǰɴδЩ
ұǵһˣˣ˵ҲҪֳЩһҪũɣЩͬǶԴ飬˲ֻ֪ͨҾóлǶһЩʵµΪã̸Ҷη˻ȥ
һ߿ĶƣͿ⼸ϼһﲻˣݣֱҶԹ٣ȻԻҵ
Ҳ棬޶еʶ֮ҶڲţԹƿԣʷҲ´ˡ
Զ˵ʲôʱȴȿˣһ̸ѵĹǸúúϴϴˣЩΪµģЩĻ̥ģҶ˵
ʷ춼ûǾȻܳˣ
˵ţֿҶ䣬Ҷ䣬ʲô÷ӣôһģһ
Ҷ룬ڵٱÿնʱ·Ҫ¼ð֪͢ʲôͬʱλ˵һЩҪۼ¼ͨ˽ĵ˱úúõԼڳ˵ĻĽ飬ǲڹ档
˵ͷ⵹Ǹ⣬Ҷ䣬齨ٱ飬㽻ˡ
Ҷ䲻ɰǸĻ飬ɻ
ôҶողǻ˵ΪΪ𣿡ЦſҶ䡣
аɣڸԼȥˣҶ䶼ˣǣȻΪΪֻǣֻٱͨҪгվϵٱźôӾأҰеҲʶ֣øʶֵĶָصʶٱ
⵹壬ҶոյĻ£Ȼȥ졣
ǣ¡æոҶ˵Ķ
ԶҶֶһĺò£ɫ࣬ͨѵĹٱҶǵ˵Ҷƹ˴ѵ·Ҫųˡ
Ҷȴǿ˳ԶЦ˲ؾţ䵽ͷϣұȻᾡȥҲдκ˽飬һȷٱݹƽ
ǱҶ俴˼ԶЩǺԵС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
¼Ȼǿ飬½½ڿҲõİţȻſΪˡԶҲ˸ոյķâ
Թپǰɣں׷ȲԼ۲ʱѾ˳ȥ


132 
ӹȥ֮, ҶԼȥ˺Ժеļֻ͵͵ս˿ռְͷţͿռͷţһ, ְ֮ĶʮȫŪ˿ռռļ˳, Щ, Ҷ泩ĻصԼס
ڶһҶȥ˽, 룬O档
Ϊй£ȥ, Oĸ״СһȥҶס
һ·, Сһĸ˷, , ôѽҶ~
Ҷ˰ɣOֱӴСһС˼
Сһ˵Լ׻ȥٺ٣ϲߣ
ʱ, ְͣſڡ
Ҷſڵ, ȾվԱߡ
OŮСһﱧ³СһС̨ܣûһ˵ҶĴ, Ҷ㣬˺ٺ١
Ҷ俴¶һССһü, СһЦãҲ, һúÿҸﶼʲôġ
ҮСһ˫֣˷ܵĲС
OͰȻҲһڵʹ˹, ҶæЦŴкĸOǽȥ˵ɣ˸׼˱ҡ
ŴıҶ丮ûеģУ˹ȥһõţͷȪˮιţţ飬رĺóԡ
Ҷһ·СһȻҶţЦҶ䣬Լ߰ɣ㿴Сָ첲ԲģҲö߶߶
ҶЦЦСӾԲĲſɰ˵ǲ
ǣҪСһ￪ĵ
Ҷһߣһ߽ܵǰԺҪסѾʹӵģǽӿ͵ǰͷסĵطסԺӣмԺӣûסȥҷԵóԵġ
ҪԣСһ˷ܵ
ã㰮ԡҶȪˮֳţǺĵģϺһţ飬ֻˣǶûзţȴԾɺúȡ
ʱ˱Ҷķ䣬Ҷķܴһñԡҵĵطұһ鷿ܺмһҶԷ
˸һ£ȻС˽Ҷ⼸̫ˡ
ŷСһѾҶ䱧˶ͯԼСڴڵĳ
ҲûԼıģҲʱȥƳɸǶյıҺóԡ
СһڴڵĳţһһҾͼˡ
ó԰𣿡СһŴ۾Ҷ䡣
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ̫ܳ࣬Ȼһöˡ
ǺðɡСһź
ȻڣҲúܺóԣʵҶ䣬⸮гʵôģҸĺóԵĶࡣ
ĸҸϳĳжãҪţȽϺãţѡģھڸеĺ԰ءҶЦ
ȻЩĿҶ䣬˻ѡ㣬ţҲѡ
ţǲġҶЦ
OЦЦʵʲôûϴּĸϴγ֮߶˺þء
УУһòĸԺáҶЦ
ҶķϢһҶһ˼ιĿֻߵԺʱҰϢˣԭżɽСԺӦǰŵģȻڵĺ԰ĽĽ֮ŵĻ롣
ȻϵЦҲǽסˣҶҲãôһƧµĺ԰ӲǱŪֳ
ҶЦЦ˵Ǳ߶ѡֻһʱ䣬ζܺóԡ
ҪȥСһ˷ܵ
Ҷɴ౧СһȦǱߣСһû˿Ȧߺ߽ʱÿ
ɰССһָһͷ˵
ҶʧЦҡҡͷ⺢ӿɶÿɰ
һСһҶ䱧ȥСҶ
Сһǽ濴ȥСĳУ˻ˣҶ㣬ˣɰ
ǣܿɰԵʱҲóԡҶЦ
OͰȻʵܲζ˱ȥСߵҶǡ
Ҷ䱧Сһ￴˰СһҪȥ
ȦܰҶСһһңЩСǵķιǳԷòã
ãСһСָСιңЩ˹еļΪ
СһһңһСȰȵ߶߶ţУУǱ
Ҷ俴СһæµӶЦˣҶ䱧ιһȥҽOˣҪСһﹻ󷽣ι˲ٵңιҶ¼ֻܱСһˡ
ߵʱСһﻹĿżȦǱߣҶ㣬´λҪιǡ
УǻڵĻҶöʮֻҲ̫ԡ
OҶǻˣЦˣ
ˣɰҸղŸιԵˡСһ˷ܵ
ѽ̰档OʧЦҡҡͷ
Ҷ俴˿ˣЦ߰ɣȥķ俴
ҮСһֿء
ʱ˾͵Сһķ䣬Ҷ˰Сһķ䲼õĺܿɰܵϷŸɫմСڼϵıҲ˿ɰСӣ֮⣬Сһķﻹľ䡣
Ҷ߹ȥ֮󣬽ľ򿪣СһֱӾˣȫߡ
ֱӾ˵棬ۣöѽ~
ϲϲҶЦʵ
ϲСһ￪ĵıı
ҶСһЦϲߣϲң
ϲСһһȫҪ
Ҷ䶼Цˣã㿴ʲôȥȱ裬һ㡣
ŷСһߣںҶȥԼͿĵ
ȻͽOߣЩȻ߿ŮЦŴȤҶôϲСӣСӣ²Ҫϵժ
Oɫ΢΢Щ죬ֵĪҪ˵
û˵һ磬ҲûԼ˵ȥҶȥ߰ɡȻЦ
OЩ죬ŰȻ˵ͷߵҶߣҶ䣬ҳȥߡ
Ҷ۾ð
˵ЦźͰȻкһĸǳȥߡ
ȥɣءȻЦҲ˺壬Сһ˶ˡ
ҶͽOţҶ԰ȥˣȻȥȦǱԶһЩĵط
Ҷ߿򽪽O⼸չô
ͣǰȥμһۻᣬû˼ġOʵʵ˵
û󿼿ƾһ˵˹ٳϵĶǬԪӹ񽪽OвѧˣֻЩͻƷ顣
ҵ뵽һʺĻҶЦ
ʲôOЩɻʵ
ǰձƹܹٱһӦˣұæŹ飬ƹܹٱҪռÿճϵϢԼеļţҾӦûôʱ䣬¾ټ𣿡ҶЦ
𣿡OǶԹٱȤֻ󣬲֪½ܷܲڡ
Ȼԣʵ϶в߾֮㲻ڹٳܸ͹۵Ľż¼
ǺáO˵ͷɲ֮ںլȹٱһá


133 
⼸ûңҶ˹ȥʵ, ʵҲ͵͵԰ʹӸոնǲɢˡ
Oһۣû, ҶȴĲ˹ȥ⼸պ, ϾҪ, ֲȥ
ҶĴʹڽOĶ˵, ϵ̵ĽOһһġ
ЩĶ⣬Ҷ, ̫ˡ
, , һ, ұ㲻ô˵ˡҶ˵ָָԼ࣬һڴĿŽO
OҶһģʱ, Ŷɨһ, ȷû߿OԹյҶ, Ĵӡȥһ롣
, ôȡOҶ䡣
Ҷ˿, 棬̫㡣
ǲȻչȥ㣿Ҷʵ
Oҡҡͷ, ֮ǰûǲҪƵ棬˿ʵ˵ΪЩݣѾ˲һ
ǺԼʲôϵԼʮ˸һû˽°ܻأЩԹ٣һģͻᶢű۸ҶȥˣûԿҶԺ˵
OʧЦҡҡͷѽ֪ҲԲ˿
ӻ·ϾܿҶɲǸϲ̵ӣ˴ɶˡ
ҶȥǣO֣ŽOں԰һȦ˻ȥʱСһѾˡ
ֻСһڷĵذϣƨ滹һӣΧЩѾСһΧˣСһһһĵָͣ
ȻСŮĳü䣬ҶǣԼŮˣЦˣ
OæԼִҶѿЩߵһͲҵȹ
ҶƲƲ죬ίͰ͵ĿŽOܺͽOմһˣҶֿ
ʱҶţ飬׼Ȫ˳ԵĶܾˣСһ
ϽOҪظˣСһӲ߶ﲻߡ
OȥСһֱӱסһľţߣҪҪҪ~
Oָָ棬㿴ɫˣٲߣǿҪץˡ
Ҷ㣬Ҳ´ǣСһӲ˵
OÿЦãҺˣˡ
šСһ˿⣬Ծߡ
ҶЦסհɣʲôУҲС·Ͽͺá
⣬𣿻᲻̫㣿ȻЩ˼
ûµĲĸܺúģͽOģ漸գұȥҶЦͷȥO
Ǳ鷳ˡȻЦ˵ֿСһùԹҶĻòã
ŷľţСһ￪ĵ
ͲòأҶֲֳܺúˣ
ǣСһһֱ浽ˣҶŮǰ̯һصʰˮôӸСһϴ֮űСһϴ˯
С֮󻹲С죬Ҷ䣺Ҷ㣬Ҫţ̡
ã˸㼷ʵģòã
ҮСһˡ
Ϊ˼кţԵʣҶ⼸յƣҲɢ˲٣ڶǻ
СһǻֻҶСһ棬棬ƫƫСһﻹһ㶼ۡ
ӵ߱һأڼҪˣҶǲᣬСһһ˵״̬
һֱҶ丮գҶòǵðСһ˼ͻȥСһȴˡ
ˣ˿϶ˣȥòã
ҪҪ϶ûңһءСһﱧ߲֡
´ιòãҶʵ
ãá̫ϲţ̺ˣһ㲻ҡ
Ⱥһȥ´ʱٸһӵߺòãҶĵĺյ
ģСһ۾
Ҷæͷģھߺòã
ǺðɡСһΪѵ˵
Ҷ䶼ˣðСһסˡ
׼һСһ˽
ҶߣСһﻹҶ㣬ǵҵߡ
ãҼסˣվ˸򡣡
ٺ١Сһˡ
Ҷ͵ȻСһֵߵߵߵܵ˰ȻǱףҺ~
𣿻ΪСûĵģҺ㶼ءȻŮЦ
ҶҲ͵ЦСһɲǶÿֻˡ
ٺ٣ϲˡСһԼףĶҶȵҲϲҶ㡢ν㡣
Сӣ𡣡ҶʧЦҡҡͷ
ͻ֮Ҷڽ緹뿪
~~
ת߰չȥҶͽOѾֻˣ⼸չǱˣҶ丮еĵط˺ɫУ˸ʽĺ
⼸ҲæˣһӦӭŶӣŶȫǹˡ
ҲһǺɫĳУɫĵǸ߸ҡ
Сһ￪ĵĲУҪˣٺ٣Ү
ȻЦŰСŮⶺС֪׵˼𣿻ôġ
֪Ƭ̣ڵҧҧȥģҶǳ~
ȻһסСһ죬ɲ˵֪֪Ժǧܺ˵Щ֪֪
ٺ٣֪ˡСһһֵ
OڸҲǰٸн˯öãų׵ĸ£Ƚڴ
ĳҶҪæʱ䣬Ҫдͣȵһϵе¡
ֻڴҶôãֻ֮òǣǹڷ£ʵ̫ǰոһửӣԼûȥúÿ
OͰȻ̸һģŻ˷䣬Բ׼ϸϸһ飬Ķ֪շһҳOߵͨ죬Ͻǻˡ
ǵҹ˾ʱԼڴ͵͵ģǻһЩʵ̫̼OֿβŽǻꡣ
ҹǻݣյͨ죬Щ飬ԼպҶҲҪ
뵽OֻԼ˶ˣͣ
ֻԽԼȥ룬ԽǻɶǣƲסİѻĻ뵽ҶϣȻ󽪽O˾͸ˣֱߵýԼ˱
Ͳѭ򽥽һ𣿸Ļô̼Ūü˯ˣվҪˣҹһֱں˼롣
ͬʱѾ˯׼ȥӭ׵Ҷ䣬ֱӱϵͳһɤӺˡ
ʲôˣҶڴڴŴʵ
ϲףŮOøж+5ǰøж65ǰʹöһֵ142ٽŷ~ϵͳ̶ĻеԺֱӾͰҶˡ
ǣOôҹǺøжȰʮǧһطøжôģҶһͷ


134 
ҶҲֻǳƬ, ˯ˣ绹ȥӭס
ʱĵ㣩һҶ㱻˽, ˻ȻŮױ硣
޺æŰŻ, ҶҲЩ, һγס
׵ױݱҪ, ͷϸʽķǲ˺ö࣬ټҶ䱾ͺÿһǬԪν, ֪ҪԵ
Ҷ俴žԼҲ, ͻȻҽOԵĻͦá
æͷתĽ˷ߴ, Ҷ㻹ûֶ̻鶼Ѿ׼, ͵ˡ
ϡҶ̧ЦЦ
޶Ƭ̣ҶÿҲ֪ģû뵽˳׵ױ, Ҷÿ, ղŶƬ̡
ȥ΢һ͸ÿˣǱ˽OˡЦŴȤ
Ҷգգ, ǣҲ˭
, ٴţˣ˼ʱǵˡ޴ߴٵ
ˡҶһȹ, Ÿ޺ſȥ
ֵ̺Ķ֮⣬滹гһӭ, ЩҪ͵ȥģЩҶ仨ӣŮȫˡ
ҶţſѾۼ˲ˣֵġ
û뵽ô˹֣׼һԵС˵ȥǿ
ǣС˸æǿ
ǿ鶼ҶŮְģֽ˺ܸɾ
Ҷץһֱӷָ·߿ֵİգЦллô͹ȥȥӭף׼˲ǿ飬ҶһЩմմϲ
зֵģʼ˵黰Ҳף·˰úϡ
ԶԣҶһ飬մմϲ
ҶߵѾС˰æַһǿ㱻ˡ
ְſڰ˱ڣи̵˴󺰵ʱѵűڣӭס
žıУҶһһȺޣΪҪһȥӭףҲźɫȹ
ȱһ£ֶӴ㴫˳Ҷڶǰ棬һĶƺƵȥˡ
ϣٵ˶࿴֣ǿҶòʱ˶ۡ
ôÿŮǬԪһǵһμ
԰˼һǿǱµŮ
Աӭ׵ŮҲƯ
ǰǰӭ׵Ůɿ϶δ䡣
ǺߵĽֵϣʱʱӹ޺ʻʲôġ
޵İˣ޳ʲô⣬޵ǻͦĵģû뵽ôܻӭ˳˼ҹһЦ
ȾͲˣߵģ˳ӽŵòȥ˼ҹһ·սսĸҶԱߣֻܵŵĿСһ
һߣҲҳһ࣬˵ܶŵĺúõģٵ׵ʱ򣬾ȫˡ
OҲʱͱʼȹױݣҲæµ
Сһʱ̫ңûСһٰСһˡ
OҲЩĵţһЩһֱҶ䣬ȻŽO
ŮϾҪˣȻûס
Īޣ뽪ܽһĻܷ㣬ġOο
ãҾе᲻㣬ȵǱߣҶúõģпգȥ㡣Ȼ
š
˵ʱſСǰͨˣѾ˸ˣϾҪˡ
죬СȹͷأϽùȻ
ʱæһţOŽ
ҶߣѾߵ˽Ĵǰ
ſڣСˡʹӵţҶ߻ޣµ̬ȸһЩ
£λ룬O͵ˡ³ҶЦ
ͽˡҶ买һ񣬱ȥ
һ·ߵ˽OԷȻкţҶ䣬OϲΣǵõЩ
áҶæ˹ȥOֻǣסO֣Oſұϣұߡ
áO˵ţſҶ䱳ϡ
ҶһȵķĽO㻺ȥˡ
Ҷһߣһ߳ţұ㣬ˤġ
O΢죬Ȼ֪ģҶж࿿ףһӻĵʱ֪ˣֻǣһγףҲЩš
šOŶӦһ
Ҷ佫ȵĽ˳Ĵſ˱
Ҷ佫Oȵķŵ˽СЩȥˡҶš
OҶ֣˵á
ʱֶôٴγ֡
Ҷܹ˹֣Ц
ӭײ߻ͷ·Ҷߵһߣϣ˶ȵġ
ԹϲϣҶһһ߹ֳİǻ
ߣвٵĹԱϲˣҶӭ͵ĸߵŮ壬˿̵ѾѾ˿ǰϡ
Ҷûиĸ׵ĻĸȻҪġ
ºͰȻҲ·Ҷһ˿
Ȼһ˵ǰʱ򣬱㿴˴ѵŮ̩Ȼ
ǽѾǰ֪ˣǳһĺεºܣһܺͱһҶǾơ
μ¡æһ˸°
̧̧֣Цɣ䣬ԺҲǰ׼ˣɡ
ǣ̿֡˵Ż֣̿ȴֿ˻ⲻ͵˻
ԺﲻٵĴҲˣڵš
⽪˿ˣͱ³˰׼ҡ
˭˵أû취Ҳ˼ҽСԵãˡ
ǰɣ˵ͽСӻ·ʶģ˼ͺˡ
һߣҶӭ׵Ķ飬Ҳ˿ſڣҶƿ˽ǣŽOһ㡣
СЩұȥҶԹԶ׺ãŽOء
O˫ҶĲҶַĴȣOֻһᣬѾҶ䱳
ΧϣһĹϲϲ
OſҶĺȴеܰģոҶʱЩأѾ
׶ѣûʲôµģǺϲһˡ
ʱҶǰŽOȸ
Աߵ˾Ѿʼ˵뿤ͽһء
ҶͽOץͬһһǰһ
ݸá
תһ
޶԰ݡ
ҶͽO໥ŹһҶ仹һֱ͵͵Oϧиͷţû
ɣ
˾ǵһԺ˻
ˣЦҶ䣬ҴѵĶ֮ģȻѾˣպҪ㣬úõĺͽOһΪҴѵİ¡
Ǳ½̻塣
ŮǱ½̻塣
ţ䣬ǻûҪǵģʵ
̿֡һ˵Ż֣̿һϰȰȸͣҶ䣬ȻѾˣպҽҵˣ빲Ҫ˵ڹĺ¡
ҶɫҪĴ飬ôҲ¼䣬ΪǶԼͷˣ
Ҷ俪ʼ񣬵߶߶꣬ҶҲû
־ԼЩ²̨ǵжһѰ
ǰȻӹ˻Ҷ䣬պͽOúõľͺãҪ໥֣ﲻǴ󸻴ƽƽľͺá
ã֪ҶЦŻصȻ󽪳µɫˡ
ȻҲ˵Ҷյǵʱ򣬽¶Ҷӵ̬ȣҲû˵ʲôЦ޻й£㲻ˣ޶һһӭͰɡ
ǣͱ¡
ĹԱҲ׷¹һֱˣŷ


135 
Ҷ尲ȻЦЦ, ڵͽOط
ţȥɡȻЦЦ
ǵҶ, ӶɳˣҶҲû˵һ仰
ҶǣŽO, ַԼ, O, ȥȥдͣ, Сż
šO΢, ҪҶķ
ǰ̨, Сĵ㡣ҶôŹ۵, Ҫұȥɣ
Уô˫۾أ㲻
ǺðɡҶίͰ͵ƲƲ졣
ƹ, ҶסԺ, Сģ̧ż
Ҷһ߷ţһŽO
һ·ѽO˴, ֱһ˽Oĸͷ
OˣӦִ֮Ҷֱһ, ˭ھƿģ˼ұ˳׶ϲƿģȻȻ
ҶЦЦ, üĿŽOÿ
O, ﻹѾأĪҪ˵
ҶЦЦû˵ͺÿҰͷЩҲ˰ɣžء
Ҷ˵ţҪ֣OסҶ󣬡᲻᲻񷨣
ؽЩһһֱõģһȾ͵õˣһֱЩӶ۽ˡҶ˵ţְŽO𷢶ЩΡ
һͰŽOжˡ
˼СǱҲˣҪǶˣѾֱӺͳ˵һͺáҶ
˵ҲܳԶ𣿡O
ûôིԺ⿤Ծͳԣû˸ҹ㡣ҶЦ
OЩ죬䵽ҶϣҶյױһÿˣԼôOԴ˺⡣
Ѿ߶̲ס͵͵ЦǸСͶˣһʲôСӣСôܳԿࣿ
֪ˣȥæɡOƿߣЩߵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷһҪ˱˯ؾš
š
ˣҶųȥǰһأﶥţиŮݣû˸ӲѾƾȾͲˣٵ˶֪ҶұۣҶ䲻ڣȻǳơ
Ҷ֮󣬱뵽˺С
ˣҶء
ϲϲȸΪˡ
ҶֻøЦ˵ƣֻǴմһˮʵϾˮȫյռˡ
ںȵ棬Ҷֻװٵĳſˡ
緹ҶǴӰȵϣſĲʡˡ
Ҷ䰲˰ͻ˷䣬ְСǽЩ˸԰ȫͻظ
˶ߵĲˣҶļ򣬡ɵöҼֻּң춼ˣ֪ĻΪҳء
ҶЦУлˣվ˸͵ȥ˰ɣ
⻹ࡣ޺ĵͷ
ֹסҶļ򣬴չȥصĵˣɽϰ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷûУЩ׵ڲǱߵ˸Ҫϰָ
һһǹİ汾Ҫ׵ĻӻŮῴһһڽOǰ
Ҷʲôаɣ޻ˡ
Ҷߴϵµɨһ飬һζı顣
ȴǼˣǣʲô飿ⶼΪź͹ҪģԼû
ҶˣЦУлˡ
˻СӣЦԼԺȥ
ںС죬ʲôᣬҷ˶ϲˣߺߡ
Ҷ䵹û̹ȻСӾͻԼԺӡ
˿̵ĽOѾԲߺżűĲƷ
Ҷˣ΢˶ˣ
ţˡҶЦ
һûOȷʵϾ£˵ҶӦûᱻܶƲŶԡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷģҸȲ
ΪûȣҶҲֱͣڽOˣҲȳԵ㶫˵
æһգ˲óԶϵʳҶܳԵһͷţ
OԵôæԣû˺
ǣʵ̫ˡҶһ˵һߴڴڵĳԶ
һ˴ֻ׷ҶŻһЩ
ûôˡ
OʧЦҡҡͷȵ
áҶ˳ֽӹֱӽһȹ⡣
ֳ˲ٵĶſڵȥ˰׼ˮȥԡ
ᵽԡO΢죬Ѿϴ裬µºˣֻΪףµɫҲǴɫġ
Ҷ佫СӷŵϣֱȥǱߡ
O˽ϵķ˶ʰˣŮȫˡ
ԼûмϴϾⴲҲҶġ
OŶԲߣϻʣһƣҶȵĽƣ֮ҶոշŵСˡ
O˳˹ЩķһۣȻ󽪽O˾ۿɼĺ
ǱСӾһOӵһߣʲôҶôֶŵϣ
ҶⱾԼǱҪĶ࣬Ҳ֪ҶǴĶġ
O΢΢ߵòȥǻӡ
ԴˣҶһ֪ǲϴ裬ʱ򣬽O˺ðˡ
ôûɵϢҶЦ
Oһۣ΢죬ָָϵľƺƻûء
˵״ƲƲǱСӣʵСǴĶŪģ
Ҷü䣬յ˽OǰʵոϴʱԼˣ
Oɫڵһ¾ͺ͸ˣæҲûأҾֲ㣬
Ҷ䴽䣬һ޹Ŀ򽪽O޸ҵģһûüأҪȿһ£


136 
OְסС, ɫͨĵҶ䣬㣬֮ǰû𣿡
Ҷһ̹Ȼҡҡͷ, û޸ոҵġ
OԼƿ, ȥҶ۾, ǹûиɽϰ𣿡
Ҷҡͷ, ûС
OСӵ˻תȥ, , ȥϢˡ
ǹҶһЩСӵʱ, һҶһҪʲô, ˣѵҪҶڴϴ۶С۲ɣ
ҶOӶ쵽֪࣬Ǻˡ
Ҷ䴽, ֽϵǱСӹ˹, ַһҳͱˡ
ǣ˶ôô̼𣿹ֲøոսO, ӦѾݡ
Ҷַ˼ҳò˵, ǹĻʦСӣϸǲͼ汾, Ķ
Ҷɫƽվ﷭˼ҳϴЦ⡣
Ѿ˴ĽOѾԼǺ˱, ҶǱ߿ȥҶһЦĿСӡ
OקקסԼѾߺǣǬԪǲǶϲֶҶôЦˣߵ
ܵ˿ԼҶ̧Ͷ˽OӣOæҵĽƿȥҶ䣬ӸǱק˱棬ֻ¶һ˫ˮ۾ȴǲȥҶˡ
Ҷü䣬ҽOôߵ
Сߵ˴ߣҶ˴֮յ˽OߣⷭһҳСӣСӴյ˽OǰOʲôôû
O˶ˣҶ䲻ʲôɣ
ɨСһֻۣϻһֵֹƣֻһۣ㽫һקȥ˶˱ˣǸߡ
Ҷ͵͵溦ˣǲֲᣬô
Ҷ޹ˣͺĺҪСϵĽѧһ
O㣬ǲߣ滭ƶ̫ˣʺǣҽ㡣
O˵⻰˶̵ǱһԼôһż˵ֻ
Ҷ䴽䣬ҽOô
Ҷװĵ˵ͷãġ
ԹԵĽСͷ棬ſ򽪽OקקOıӣO׼ˣҰɡ
O˫קקĺܽҶ¶ûЩOЦˣȴԾ޹ỌٲʼҪĥ䵽ˣϽһ~
OҶŪö˶˱۾Ҷ˶ˣЩҲ֮飬οԺӻҪģǻձˡ
˼ԽקקȰѴ᣷̫ˡ
ҶOͨ죬֪ںߣĽĴ᣷ԹԵĴ˹ȥ½O࣬Ȼأ
Ҷһ̵ӣýO˴ľ裬ҶҲףûмˣ˽ܵ飬ȻֻԼˣôţOˡ
Ҷµ䣬ԼקקչȥҶĴǣźҶ䣬ҡ
OĻ䣬ҶǱԼٵȥҽOõȻԼһִˣûԹ⣬Ҳܣôܲأɲƣ뿴Oôء
Ҷչȥ˺һһֱOˣȥ˿
ȻյϵͳĻеϲףŮOøж+5ǰøж70ǰʹöһֵ147
Ҷ㱻ϵͳǣæŶˣϵͳôڰ
ҶԺʵֳϣ㲻ʺڰɣ
׷ģˣʲôҲֻһʵʱøжȵãٺ~
ϵͳ̶ĻеҶոͷʱǱһˮױϵͳŪɨˡ
OÿմϢ˼£ҶոѾЩӣ˿ָֻЩɻҶողǻͦôһ侲ˣ
Ҷ䣬Ҷ䣿OҶҶæ
չȥ׽OĴ꣬Ȼأ
O˸̧ҶһۣСողͦ𣿡
УֻǶѡҶһ˵
OקҶڣקԼǰͣҴʱһĶ׾ˡ
˵仰OѾʧȥȫȥҶ䡣
Ҷü䣬ãҿˡ
̵һһ䵽OֱϣOֻԼֱ챻̻ˡ
ƺһںϵһֻҶ䲢ûм뽪Oʱ򣬻һȽϺãͿĽɲС
ĺԽԽ̣ʱʱĴ죬һֱˣҶŽŮ׼ˮ
ŽOϴһԼҲԲϴһŮ»˸ɾ˱죬űŽOȵ˯¡
ڶգ˸ֱ˯ͲOʱ򣬲Լû·Ҷ仳˶պˣҶоOչȥݺҧһڡ
˻ҧңҶһ޹Ŀ򽪽O
OҶĶ⣬㻹˼ʣ㲻˵㲻𣿺ЩжǴĶѧģʵ
ۣĲᣬֳģġҶգգ۾һܹɵģ
ֻнO֪˵Ĺȫװģ˵Ҫ
ҶôģO˼ȥ룬һ룬ٿĺ
УйԺԡO˵ţҶСһš
ҶҲֻЦŴ˹ȥĽO˻Ҿͦϲġ
ҶɲǺ˵ϵͳĺøжΪݵģOĺøжȲǣû˹˹ĵĽOԭϲԼڷǿӲһ㡣
Ҷ䴽䣬ֽOСˡ
OҶô˵Ҷ伸£˵۸ңҪ˵ϲ
ҶúúãҴˣҪ۸㣬˰ɣ
šOĵ˵ͷҶ䣬̫ôˣҲ˰ɣ
Ҷȴǰ˱ýģʲôҲȥǾ裬Ϣһ
OҪǲ˼ϻûȹأҶ仳ʵ񷨣оǣҶֿɲûôʵ
OĿҶ֣һ㣬ɰ
Ҷ޹ûУǱ˱ѡ
OЦŵһۣǱ˱Ҷô˵˵Ķģ
Ҷ˼˼˵ǽOְҶĹצӸġ
ҲˣҿҪˡO˵ţ䵽ϵĸֺɫߵϣֵҶһۣԼŪôӡӡ
ҶһɣҲ
ҶԽ޺OԽΪҶĲأţOһҶ⣬ֱҶ䵹һɿ
˻˻˻ۣҴˣ~
ã


137 
Ҷ䱻Ҳ, ЦǺǵĿŽO𴲡
OñԼؿڣԼֱǶϡ
ҶʧЦĿ򽪽OԼĶûôҽOˣ
OֹԼĶǶ, ҹҶʲôOǶӿ, ˳ЦӯӯҶһۡ
㻹˼Ц
, ҴˡҶɿϴ, һɵĿŽO
ҹOѾʧԱˣŲҶ˵Ļ
û˶Ƕֻó溰һ, һµȹ, ҲȫҪ
ļѾһ, ֻλ˼һҪ˼Ҳû, Ǳְֻſڵš
ԼСĻæӦһ, ūȥ׼
æȥһȫµȹ, Ƕʲôġ
Щȫŵľϣ󼱴ҴҵĶ̵ҶǷſڡ
С㣬ū澿Խȥ𣿡
O΢, ɡ
Сĵ˽ȥ, ɫȹһأˣæԼ, Ҷ࿴
꽫һԲʰᵽ˴ߣ̷ŵԲ, С㣬ȹԲˣūȥš
ãȥɡ
ȥˣOֹԼȹ
O׼ҶĿƵĶ
OҶ䣬תȥ͵
СͲҶת˸
OˣŸæǶ»ãֽп㻻ãЩȥȹֻǰҶͣЩġ
ҶˣҲ˰Լȹ˹Ҷ任·ûбŽO⽫᣶ˣ½Oһ
O˼ҲЩӦŵʱ۵ˣ뵽ֵҶһۡ
Ҷһ޹ˣǵʲôҶô㻰ˣ㻹⣿
OЦˣǽ˵Ļľˣ滹ڲƭҡ
ǿɲڲƭӱġ˵ţҶæһȻһ̽Oͳ˹Ҷö㿪O͸ˡ
Բˣ´βˡҶչȥ˵û
ȵ緹ʱ򣬽OǴˡ
ˣЩ⣬塣ҶڵĸOʢ˺ü鼦⣬ҲOʢһ롣
Oһ΢΢ף⻹ࡣ
ϲͺãԺն˸Ҷš
˳緹ֻص˴ϢOҹ̫ˣ˯ͻǺŲ
ҶҲ˴OĸԼ˸ǱӣɲС
ҶЦЦãټ
˭ҪˡO˵ţתȥҶˣĴȴ䡣
ҶOԼˣҲͷǱС˳Ҳţտ˵Ļ滭
Ҷ䱧һ̬Сӣʼһҳһҳһ߿һƵƵͷ
O۾ˣҳ죬תȥҶ䣬ȻͼҶȻյĿСӡ
ֱ־ͰҶСӳˣôڿ
OСӶ֣ҶȻҴľͷˡ
Ҷȴһ̹ȻͦÿģһҲ𣿡
УǱĻ̻ˡO˵ţСӱתˣһҪҶ˼Ķûˡ
ҶЦõҡҡͷ˵ʵڵģСʵԩˣҶǶԼĹ⣬˼СӿûϵOȻ֪һ㣬ֱӰСûˡ
ҶͰ͵Ĵ˹ȥȥOˣҰɣ޽ҵģһû˼ء
¶ûףҪⶫҲûãûˡOҶס
ҶûҪִչȥ׽OĶ⣬һһҲ˻ˡ
OĶⱻҶ̵ͨ죬һѰСӸǵҶϣҪǲ˯Ļ͹ȥ鷿
ҶƲƲ죬һίͰ͵ӣ˯ġ
˯ʵ㣬𣿡OҶ࣬ʵ
˾ǻװ޹ȻԼҲĵ
ˡҶգգ۾ĽСͷ棬۾һҪ˯˵ӡ
Oʵˣű۾׼˯ˡ
ȻҶ俴ʵˣʵԺϵͳ˳ϵͳ̫ˣøжһ˶٣
ǵأϲףҹøжȴ7090ǰöһֵ167ٽŷֻʣ10øжȣױȥˡϵͳ̶ٴ
Ҷ˶ɵˣû뵽ϾȻôĺøжȣҽOҲôʱͦϲ̼ģô˵ϢҶ䣬޲ŽO׼ڡ
ȻˣûôҪˣԼҪʰˡ
ǣҶ˯һʯͷ˿Ѿа˵أ10øжȣһʱ䣬ҶôҲˡ
һֱ˯Ϧ£ԺСѾǶ˵Ƿ˵ãûгŲ˵ǿԷ˰ٰǬԪ̫ټˣⲻ˴˯磬ʲôøɵĺӣǿ̫Ľˡ
Oʱ򣬱̫ɽˣҶĻ
Oе㲻ţڽʱ򶼲ôÿһֱԳ˯˯߶߶ߵĽϰҲǵҶû˸ҹˡ
O˸ļΪ泩
Ҷ࣬΢ĴչȥһҶ䣬Щƣһô޺µʱôּ׵ģ
Ҷ䱻OŪˣ۾ͼOſϣҶŽOЦЦ˯𣿡
O˵ͷš
Ҷչȥ׽OĴ꣬ϾͲ˯ôˡ
ҡOҶĶв
ҶŽOĺЦһ֪ҸҲˣߺߡ
֮ҶȥȳԷˣͽO˯һ죬鶼ڹţȥҶ仹нOԷܾ֮ķΧˡ
ȾԼǲǲú˼һԷ޲Լ۾
ҶһչȥһO䣬һֳŽOգȾԼԱˣóԷˡ
ǣȷɿĳ͸Ͻˣ±
ϣҶϴ裬ŪͷϴŽOȽOϴ֮һѽ˱סˡ
Oôôˣ
ţˡҶ˵ţ̵Ǳ䵽˽OࡢϣOòײŰ˸ƿ
Ͳܵȵͷڵˮأʲô˻ôˣOʧЦҡҡͷ
ҶֻùԹԵһߣţСӣյ˽OߣOһ𿴺òã㲻˵ﲻܿ춼ˣһ˰ɣ
Oֻһǻϵݣֱӳ˻۵ҶϣҶ䣬㲻֪ߡ
Լһ𣬲֪߾Ͳ֪¡ҶСOЦˡ


138 
, ҶСֱOûˣֻպСӣ˱㽫ڻ
Oٿĺ, Ҷ䣬ҹ㶼۵𣿡
, ˡҶһ˵, һߴ˹ȥ׽O, ͬʱҲʵˡ
һOֱҶǵһƵһӵһ, ǵҹ, Ҷ俴˿Ѿ۵ĲĽO, ü䡣
׽OĴţ۾úϢ, ʣµʰ
šOӦһֻһҲưǰЩζ档
Ҷ˼´, , ԸֵصŮȥЩˮ
ǣŮȥ׼ˮ
ſڵ˺þ, û뵽ǾȻڵ㣬Ҫ˵λ˳ǿء
ʱ, ŮǱˮͽ˷ֻԲϵδϨŮǲҿ, ˮȥæ˳, ¿ʲôÿġ
ҶˮOϴһԼҲԲϴһ̺ӹסO˱𣬶ſڵŮȫµġ
һͨO˯ˣҶСĽ·Żص˴ϣԼϢ
һնˣǽOЩԲˣһϣOҶ䣬ôϢôãʲôʱȥæ񣿡
ҶЦЦ˽˻˼ұ˼ҵķ˶ͲԼǬԪأôȥæ
OҶĶ⣬ָĵҶıϣ㻹˼ңվ̫ʢˣ¾͸öЩ
ҶίͰ͵ƲƲ죬O˲䣬㶼ҡ
OҶһ㣿Ҫ治㣬㲻ǰˡ
ҲǡҶŽOЦЦ
OЩεĿɫҶˣⶼźüˣǶ˲
Oһ·һ߶Ҷջؽסʱ򣬿ɲˣЦ
ãġҶЦ˵
ߵϰǳʮ֮ţǽOŵˣҶҪǱסա
Ҷ룬˵ȥҪ׼ĶѾ׼ˣߵʱȻиС˰˹ȥ
Ҷס֮㷢˲ãǱֶʮСˣʮ
ã˵ҲЩﻹˡOЦ
Ҳ֪СһûҶ䣬Ͼ֮ǰǿնһġ
ڽСӣԺ棬СһͳҪȥҶˣǰȻ˵˵ĲȰסСһȻ˼»ģСһȥʲô
ϢʱСһһ߳Ըıңһʵףʲôʱѽ
Ǿͻˣ¿˰ɣȻЦʵ
Сһ˵СԴٺ٣ģҪ~
ѽ֪档ȻʧЦҡҡͷ
ڶһ磬ҶͽOǸ׼һȻˣҶ仹Ȫļ㡣
ûиһȥڿ˱ǰˣȵڸжš
СһҲһͱȻ˱СһڽĴſڵҶǣʱ㿴ҶǳĶ顣
ͣȺҶȴַŽO
Сһ˻ԼСȣԼĸףҪȥҽ㡣
ãЩߣˤˡȻ˵ţСһȥ
СһСȾͳ彪O˹ȥþûмˡ
һСһͱס˽OĴ㣬ˡ
OһůСһ⼸ڼûйԹԵģ
УնһСӲŽOҶЦЦҶ㣬Ҳ~
ɣСұ㣬ۻ㡣ҶЦȻͱOһۡ
Լ⼸ôۣҶ˻˼˵
ҶЦЦƢֽӹСһСһҲޣ˭ģ
ȽġȻЦ
һ˽˽Ҷ仹ߵСˣҴļ͵Ժȥ
ǣС˰š
һ˵˰ȻԺӣСһﳳҪȥҶͽСһȥԺóʱ䣬Ȼ˺Ů˵˽Ĺ
ȻŮɫܺã֪ŮҶòЦʵڿǱ߹ΣҶΣ
O΢΢죬ͦõģҲûгţֻˣûͦڵģֻǣֻǡ
ĻOû˼˵˵Ҷľ̫ʢˣҶ㱻ȥɻȻҪмܲסˡ
ֻʲôﻹµģʲô˵ģȻЦ
ͣҶ²ùܹ飬ʵ̫ˣڸҡO˵
ǲͦõ𣿾ǵЩŮĸϣԼǬԪΧתҶճ㣬ֻ˵㡣
ǵǡOСЩʱո鶼Լ˵㣬ҶЩӺͽҲȫԼš
ǲ͵ˣǹúãҲͳ׷ˡȻЦ
OҲ˵ͷ⿴ȥͼҶСһ򣬱Сһ׷Ժܣһûӡ
OʧЦҡҡͷˣҶ仹ͬԭûʲô
СһһҶѾ˺Сӻص
ѽտҵˡȻЦŴȤ
ٺ٣ġСһ˷ܵĻͷС
ʱ򣬽Ҳӹˣʵ˵ҶʵϾԼȪȪ㣬ɲָ³ԣ±ϾǽOĸףԼǲֵ̫ܺѿ
»۱ȥ˰ȻҶŮˣЦOȻˣסգ⼸տ쳳Ҫȥء
šO˵ͷҲûж硣
ʱ˾ͱҶڽOߣ潪Oʢȵ
š OŶ˵ͷ̧ʱ򣬾ͼ˶Oʱ˼ˡ
¼˶û˵˵˳滰ֻOֻǷӦţҶҲԼ˸ûȤɴͷ
·ŵļرĺóԣ֣һ˲٣ҶҶ䣬⼦ʲôģζǺóԡ
Ǿ͸ˣȫƾҳҰȻҲôҶܾҶ˵ĻЩġ
֪ôӻˣֻӲͷƤҰҲҰĺôҲǳţҲλҲһƷɣǱµŮѾȺܴһǿˡ
ˣҼǵǸռʱô˵ġҶ䴽
⣬㣬ʱ㣬Ҳ֪ǽOĵȻνңֻ̫ŽOˣ㡣¿ĿİͰ͵Ľ͵
ҶЦЦ
󽪳ֻԼĹǻΪ֣Ҷ治ӣƫƫҲ÷ϾҶڵ⣬ֺͶ½ãȻҲҵҶ䡣


139 
һٷ, Ҷ䲻ڸOвˣԼɷ֮, ܳԶٳԶ٣ϾԼļ, ɲܱ˽¡
ڽҲ˼Ҷ̫, 緹عȥˡ
ʱҶͽСһȥ԰, OŰȻ졣
˵һԣҶ䣬˵̫Ůµ𣿡
ҶһŽµ, һҡҡͷ, ʲô°
˵, ̫ŮºҪɲ, Ѿѡˣ˵ǻҵĵմŮӹҶ߹򣬽򴫸Сһ
, ǲͳĲ𣿡ҶЩʵ
˵ͷ, Ȱ˵µģ˲ٵĻ͵˹̫Ů¶˼ϧ
Ҷü, ˵Ⱦ˺ôҶЩ벻ͨ
ҲЩ벻̫ͨŮӦԼĿ, һΪ֪£ϾͶߵĽ˵
ҶЦЦŸճ, ⼸Ҷûûޡ
Ҳǡ
СһĶ, ҲˣҶ㡢㣡棬Ҫȥף
ʧЦҡҡͷСУǲ˵ˣ棬˰ɣ
ٺ٣~Сһſˡ
һСһˣסҶĴҶ㣬ʲôʱȥ棿һ
ҶСһ࣬ʲôʱȥУκһҲԣҪҪȥ
ҪҮˣСһ˷ܼˣڼײ˵ĲǺúӡ
ѽôôɰǲֳˡҶСһСЦ
Ҳ˿Լã˵Сһıȸջʱ򳤸һЩð졣
ٺ١Сһ￪ĵһȥҶҪһȥҽҪæòС
˺һҶСһ˰Ȼס
ȻЦſҶ䣬Ҳôմ档
˭ɰءҶЦ
ȻҲЦЦ߿ԼŮֿ˿Ҷ䣬ӦҲܿСˡ
˵Oٿľˣ˵еͰַµƵʣOҪ˶ӿܾҪбˡ
úúãˣҲ˵ˣ˵飬ԼȻЦ
ҶҲڰȻԺһԵģO뱧Сһȥһ˯ȴȻ
ңĶиճ׾ʹС˯ģҶúûȥϢȻ˵ţͰСһӽO˹
OƲƲ죬ҪûϢˡ
ϽOϴ裬˱μǣڴ߷˳ͷ΢һЩ
Ҷǵϴ֮󣬲ȥϴ裬Ҷʱ򣬽OͷҲˡ
ҶŽһ߲ͷһ߾ߡ
OҪϴæֹҶ䣬ͷ̫ʪˣٲЩ
Ҷվڴ߳ŽO
Oε̾˿ӹҶĽȥԲǱţҰ
ллˣáҶ۾ĳŽO
OȴǵһۣԼڴϳԿͺüξǿҶ޴ı飬Ѿˡ
ԹáOһ߰Ҷãһߵ
áҶ˵źã˫ֲ֪ʲôʱѾ˽Oϡ
O־˾Ҷ䣬ɿ
ˣʲôûҲû㣬ֻǱҲ𣿡ҶһͰ͵ģ
ԣֲнǸˣȻˡOŶ
ҶһźĿ򽪽OҲûз£⼸춼ܳԵ⣬ѾԱˣ˻ˣҷŹһա
Ҷʵ붺OOȴҶĶ䣬ʲôз£ûȻԺĲˡ
ãҶġҶϵĿ򽪽O
OȴǽŽɣǷˣҶڴ˵Ļţͷйصĺܶ໰ҲţԼ˺öοˡ
OҶ࣬ǡ
϶ģô㻰˾ͷİɡ
O;ֻһãŽҶͷɣ˻ص˴ϣOͰԼ˱ǾĿҶ䡣
ҶᣣϣͶ˽Oӡ
Ҷ䶼Цˣʲôֲǣô𣿡
ǻʢOһۣԹɺá
áҶƽɵı۾ͺǼ۸OĲһ
O˼룬ȷҶ˯ˣԷ۾׼˯⡣
O̾˿⼸ձҶŪϢˣ֮ǰڽʱǳʱ7㣩ˣͲOЩԼ˯ѡ
ڽOѾķɵʱҶ˹ȥѸٵĽһѱ˻
У㲻ǴӦ𣿽ʲôˣOҶ䱧˸˵
Ҷյףˣ뱧˯˯š
O΢죬ҶĲҪʲôӣҶ仳֮˴Ҷ࣬Ҫ磬ǵýҡ
Ҷִյ˽Oףģҿ϶㡣
Oŷĵı۾һҹΡ
Ҷһ˯úϣҶ۵ʱѾˣԼͽOʲôûӦò˯𣬱ûмŽнO𴲣˶Ū˼
յOཫӡȥ˺ü¡
OҲŪˣյҶ仳˲䣬~
ֽģҶɫ΢ҪڽߵҲܷҽO
ҶִյO˼£㲻ҽѾˣԼ
Ұ˵ţһЩȻͼOһ⣬ʵǸò˰ɣ
Ҷҡҡͷܣ˯ô磬ڿ϶磬ż
OҶ˵еҲûкżҶƵ𴲴ȹOȥţֻǿͷͷʱO֮סˡ
꣬ʲôʱˣOʵ
СĻѾʱ10㣩ˣǱߵѾˣͿû𣬱ֶȥˡʵش
OüģǣָˣҶûʲôôģ


140 
ҶͽOһȥȻǱߵʱ, ȻһȻ˵ı鿴ˡ
Oﶢò˼ˣæСһﱧ˹װԼæӡ
СһСԼҽ, 㣬ôôҶǺþˡ
Сһﲻ, ء
ҺҶ, ˵, 벻ȥ棿Oæתƻ⡣
룡СһӦ
ãҺҶȥ򡣡OЦ
һգҶͽOڽסֿ, ǽO, ڽʱ, Ҷ䲻̫, ҲòյϢʱ䡣
յʱҶǱҪˣСһﱧҶĴ, ҪҶһߡ
, ҪȥҶ棡Сһһ˵һ߱ҶĴȲ֡
ȻʧЦĹȥԼŮ, ⼸ղУǲŸճ, ûʱ棬
Ҫ, Ҫȥ~Сһһ߱ҶĴ, һߺ˵
ԣȥסնУڲУȻСһСȰ˵
ǣǣҶҲȥġСһﻹǲĵ˵
ȹЩʱգȥСסգòãȻֺ
СһӣˣɿС֣ίͰ͵Ǻðɡ
ãԣЩȥϢɡȻ˵ţСһﱧСһȥҶĴȡ
ҶͽOӽһ·ص˿
ҶЦŽOˣ²õ˴ˡ
OҶȻ˵ֻչȥҶһѡ
˻˻˻ۡ
ҲšOһۣԹԵȥ
Ҷæȥ˵ûˣҴˣ~
ú˵OߵŮǶ͵Цεѵ˿һӶҪ
ãġҶԹӦ
ڸ˼գOʵܲҶôճˣֱӽҶ͵Ǳߣ˵ҶûʲôҪæġ
Ҷ䲻鲻Ըȥ޸УڸҶˣҲЩ죬ôʱˣǸճףĸʸһµļ𣿡
Ҷ̾˿ˣO̫ճˣҹ㣬ûʲôɡ
Ҷһ˵һԲ߸Լ˱ȡ
Цżգͱˡ
ߺߡҶһѲꡣ
֮ǰ˵Ļ˿ΧڵǶȥɣлҪ˵
޵˵ͷǶ°ɣҷԶһЩµĻһȥǡ
ǣ¡Ůæȥ
ôˣʲô£ôصģʵ
˵̫ŮҪɲˣҶʵ
޵˵ͷͷ԰Ϣͦͨģ˭˵ġ
OĽ˵ģ̫Ůôѡ˼ϧأǻŮǲ͵ˣҶ佫˳
޵˵ͷ֮ǰҲôģȥһʽһˣһʽ˵ǹѡˣ뿴ܴܲӶԷҳЩ˿
Ҷ˵ͷ̫Ů¿ɵǧСģĵ
޵˵ͷţǲõģԴϴλʽ֮ĸʱ˼ʮţͭǽڣǼϧǼ޵ˣҲһʽ㹹ɲʲôв
Ǿͺá
ˣôûҴЩóԵģʵ
ҶЦûüͱOϳˣҪûµĻԼȥһм㣬㶼һЩ
ģ㣿˷ܵʵ
Ҷ˵ͷҲˣڻУʱ򡣡
ھ߰ɣһЩһʽȥ˳ˡЦ
УڣҲڱҼҽOɨسˡҶ̾˿
޳գգۣ϶ʲôֵ飬˼ҽOˣȻ˼ҾǵһŮһʶ
ҲðɣˣˣóԵȥҶ˵ţȥ
ַص˿ʱȥͽOͨˣС㣬ֻˡ
OüģǣǸȥҶôֻˣ
Ҳˣȥ˺԰Ҫȥѡ㡣æ
Ǿͺã߰ɣҲȥO˵ţżŮ԰ȥˡ
ҶȥȦѡ޿ʮֻЩ˼ʣЩѽ
ţû¶ֻôҶ˵
У㹻˼ЦҶļ򣬡Ҫģ˵Ұϼγļ⣬˵Ϻһо
Ҷɻļٵģǲļֲҩ
ģ˵ǰʱȰ֪ûУǳԹļܸ֮оЩůůӿȻһ㶼ˣůģͦġ˵
Чͺã˸ץ㡣
˵ţҶͽС˹ȥץ㣬ץֻʵģҲǡ
Ҷں԰һСǴȪ̳Ĵ㡣
һС˾ͽȫץˡ
OҲ˹ôôͻˣ
ҶOˣ۾ˣ˵ԼˣҾʹץһЩ
Oŵ˵ͷЦЦ°á
ͦõģ˵ȲҶȥɻˣЦʵ
OҡҡͷЦŻصֻΪ£ⲻǺ𣿡
ǸճףҶ仹ϢأˣһðѼҰȥҾˡ˵ţ޳Ҷգգ۾˾뿪˿
ҶһɵĿ򽪽OO̾˿ˣȻûطȥǾ͹Թڼţٸ۸ңϳȥ
ҲҶһһߴչȥǣO֡
OʧЦҡҡͷǣҶǵסȥ
ԱߵŮǶС㿪ģСΪȣ⸮˶֪С㣬Сڸ˵һ
ȻصԼ䣬ҶŴչȥѽO˻OҶ䣬ȥҶĶ⣬ͬҴһ㶼𣿡
ҶҡҡͷһϵȻ壬ҾնһһҲֿ
Ҷ˵ţȴ˺øжȵ飬ԭΪмηʽøжȱһأ˺ö໨OĺøжԾͣ90ϡ
˵ʵҶʵЩµģΪ֮ǰһʱ䣬OĺøжһֱûбʱһҪˣǽOı뷨
Ҷ䵹ĩһεˣֻԼûˣĽOô죿ԼûˣǽOɲ鷢
ңͽOбԼˣǱô죿ҶԽԽζ
OҶ仳Ըܵ˱ԼˣЩ䣬̧ȥҶ䣬ͼҶƺڱ
OţǲԼ̫ˣȻҪҶţֻںҶ俪Цѣˣ


141 
O˫۹Ҷĺ, ҶԼ߹˹ԼĴӡҶĴϡ
˱һ£ǵĴյҶ, ôˣˣֻǺ㿪ЦĲ
Ҷס˽Oĺ, ߿˻ĽO, ֪, ֻЩ飬һʱЩ֪ôźá
£ܺ˵˵𣿡O˵ŻյҶףҶ俪ġ
Ҷ, ϵͳٻ˳, ϵͳ, ܺͽO˵øжȵ𣿡
, ûҪŷ˵˵ϵͳǲġ̶Ļе
Ҷ򴽰, û˵, ˵Լ¸˽Oһ֮󣬺øжĵﲻ100Ļ, ԼȥǵʱO϶ǻ, ϾΪĺøжһֱˢ
Լ˵ĻʱҪȥĻǱͻȻ, OﻹܺһЩ
Ҷ䲻ýOΪ𣬼Ĳ, ҲýOƽƽĻȥ
Ҷ߿򽪽OƬ֮˺ͽOϵߣңʵҲûʲôҲ̫˵
OҶĿڶ򴽰꣬ЩܣǶô޼ˣҶ»ܸ
Ĳܺ˵𣿡OִչȥĴꡣ
ҶԾûҿOûлӦOǡ
ΣҶЦЦĲʲô£ϣģûµġ
Ҷ佫O˻˫۽ıŽOǱ㲻ֿһ
ϵʱҶϴ֮󣬽ʪɣ˴Ϣ֮ǰղͬҶʵʵţҲûȥǽO
OҶʵʵˣﷴЩζ
ҶǼ㣬ҲܴԼӻ;лҶ䶼Ҫһģˣ׻ʲôأ
OԽԽתŴ΢⿴Ҷ
ΣOǴ˹ȥҶĴЩˣָоܲܣͺҶʱҪԼ뿪һ㣬OԼץסҶ䣬ֻܽƬ̵Ļһİ
Ҷøжȵ飬²ߣûʲôͱ۾øжȵĿԡ
ͻȻ䣬͸еߵı춯˶ԼĴһ۾һOѾҽOǱеĶࡣ
OҶ춼ûлӦǼˣſҧҶĴ꣬Ҷ䣬ҡ
ҶŻعȥЩ𣬿϶ǽյӰ쵽Oˣ϶Ҳʲô
Ҷ½O룬ҲĻ˹ȥ֮⣬һֱҪȼϵ˲Žͣ
ҶıŻĽOOҲͬҶĺ󾱣ʧȥҶһ
չȥҶĴܸ꣬ܲңҶ䣬е㺦¡
Ҷ䴹˿ˣΣŲڡ
OۿĺˣȾ˿ǻĺˣҲ׽𣿵ʲôǲܶ˵ģ
OɤӻЩƣֻļίǰરવµ
ҶһˣæţĪޣ治ʲô£޳Ҳܡ
ôǴ£Ҵûӻ·ôѣҲûعҺòãʲô飬һţOһ߿ޣһ߲Ҷ
ҶܵԼһƬʪ̾˿ãҸòã
šOӣĿƵĶҶ䣬˵ɡ
ҼOϻ飬Щ۵ֽOɣſڵ˵㻹ǲǵݷЩ飿
O˵ͷǵãһʼҺһ㶼ã֪ΪʲôͻȻˡ
ţ˵öԣʵ֮ǰǸҶ䡣Ҷ俪ڵ
O㣬ʵв²⣬һ˲ڶʱ䣬ҶкܶŹֵĵطͲ²Ҷ䲻֮ǰǸҶ䣬˽OֵĻ򶨡
ҶԴ˵Щ죬һ㶼𣿡
OҡҡͷͲ㲻ȻҲһ𡣡
Ҷ˵ͷǴһ紩ԽģǸˣ
OЩŵץסҶ֣㣬ٻȥ˰ɣ
Ҷ򴽰û𻰣OȴǸżˣҶ䣬ҡ
O˵ڶۿҪˣҶæȥˣǸѾˡ
O˿Ҷ䲱ȴյĸһЩ
ڵʲôô겻ģO׷ʵ
Ҷ˼˰ΣǿڵߣҪȥģ磬ʵһ磬ǱŮҪ֮ڣĺøжˢ100ͨһȥĻڣҿܾѾˡ
ʲôǽOײǿʶҲҶո˵Щ˼ҶҪԼĺøжˢܻȥ
Ҳ˵ҶȡԼ̬ȣ
O˳ڵĺøжǶ٣
O˵Ƕġ
90ʵ̫ģǻһʱأкܶೢԵĻᡣҶο
ôܲ100أҶ䣬ֻһʲôˣҲǣҲǡOЩµĿҶ䣬ֻҶģôǸνĺøжȲ100
Ҷֽ˽˻ֻ֪øжȵжҲò׼֮ǰûиǲżһʱأĲǿԵġ
ôܲأͷһѵôĵ£ҺˣȻҪһ˿ǲǣҽջ
OԽԽԼĹ֣ǰરવµ
ҶæţĪޣû£ʱ仹أֲձ㲻ڡ
ĻҶ仹û˵ڣ㱻Oס죬˵˵Щģ㶼ҳˣĶҲȥҲ뿪ҡ
Ҷչȥ׽OģŽOĺ󱳰ʱյϵͳʾ
ϲףŮOøж+5ǰŮøж95ʹöһֵ172ٽŷ~
ҶͻȻЦĽOһһ㶵ģӣʵɵЦʲôأ
ոպøж595ˣֻ5øжȾˢˣҶЦſˡ
OҲЩ죬ԼﻹһϲҶ䣬5øжôǵأ
øжôģҸոҲûʲôر£ôͻȻˣOЩɻʵҲҶһġ
֪Ǻøжȵĵ㶼һ֮ǰ·һЩ20ĺøжȶڴǵġҶʵʵ˵
OȴֱߺִҶһ£˵ôڴǺøжȵģң
ҶŵɳҲԽOЦЦģϵͳĺøжȲʵʱľ֮ͣǰڴǺøжȣ˵ĹǼΡ
O˶ߺˣֱҶ仳룬СǣҪأ
Ҷ䴽䣬⼸̫ƵˣԲ
ԼҲ֪ƵOһۣ۵ĴչȥҶĴꡣ


142 
, Ҷ仹ǱŽOϢˣOҲøжȵ飬ֻʣ5øж, ãҶķƵЩ, 5øжӦòȥ
ô, OҲ֮ǰǰˡ
İʱ, Ҷ϶ûгձͽOһ
ҶԺŮǶľˣ, ͷ˸ʵ̫, Ӱ, µƵʸǳĸߡ
궼ЩСⲻס
µŬ, 95ĺøжԾͣԭأһ
һϣOҶʣϴ˵ڴ20ĺøж, ǲڲңĶ, һ㶯ûУ
ҶҲ޹һϵĿŽOڴǵ, ûƭ㣬֪Ķ, ôһûˣ
OҶĶ⣬ʵȷԼɫ𣿡
治ǣ𣿡ҶίͰ͵
O˵ͷ, չȥһҶĴ꣬ǡ
ҶƲƲ, ҽOôˣ˵һǷЩƵˣ˵Ŀɶģ
OҶˣЦղҪȥ𣿿ȥɣʡմڼС
ǺðɣҶ˴ȹȥ˾
˾˾ҶˣæʺãҶˣˣ
Ҷ˵ͷʵô˾æʲô
˾æصפرصĵνּٶҪ̨󣬱Щ˾˼ӽƣԵǼС͹󡣡
Ҷ˵ͷãˣ빬һˡ
Ҷ仹Źٱ飬˾빬ȥˡ
ʱﴦ£Ҷˣæ˽Ҷ˽ȥ
Ҷ䣬μ¡
ɣ»ģôôˣЦ
Źٱ飬빬ͬ顣Ҷ͵
ٱѾ˰ȥˣۡҲ׼ˣѡһˣ⣬վҲ֪ͨˣÿջ˽ٱַȥֻʽˡЦ
Ҷ买ֳһſڵ£ΪģԼڹкܶҪҪзʽȵȣЩҪʱ䣬Թٱ飬Ͼ˼иʵѡ
Ҷ˵һĵ㿪ʵʤιٱ飿
ҶЦЦڵOھбвռٱϢ˵¡
΢΢ףǸѡݵ⣬޷һƷŮٵݣ˳ˡ
ʥҲôġҶЦ
ãּýOȥְɡ
ǡ
Ҷӹʱ򣬿ĵĲˣŮ˾ǸøҵôвѧˣնլǲûĲŻ
ôţҶȲø˸Ͻȥ
ȵ˿ſڣҶһ·СŻԼԺӣûأеOOһˣ
OʧЦҡҡͷ򿪷ŹȻͼҶСŹˡ
Ҷֱһѱס˽OȻͱOһֱۣôء
ٺ٣û£Լˡ˵ҶæŽO˷䣬˵һ£Ѿͬ㸺ٱˣʹÿտԸһ糯¼ЩԱۡ
ģO۾ˡ
Ҷæ˵ͷţ»ƷŮٵݣƹܹٱ˳ˡ
̫ˡOû뵽ô˳һͲմڸˡ
ʱ򣬹ʥּѾ͵˿֮⣬͸˽O빬ŵƣƷŮٵĹٷ
ǣڶһ磬OҶ˹Ҷԭǲȥϳģ½OƹܹٱйԱҶҲһȥˣȥOųųӡ
OڳõһһСOҪļ¼յҪˡ
¹ϳʱΪԼۣʷԱߵǸŮӣôôŮ
Ҳֹ¿ˣԱߵĹԱҲˣˣʷԱߵǸŮӣôôҶŮ
ҲЩ񡣡ֹ
ǻûüȥʣʹŮٵͨ¼ݵ
ԱǷ׷¹ΰݣλ֮ſڵмҪ֪λ䣬ʽ˹ٱ²ŮٽOƹܣὫÿյʱоеһЩɹٱѸأٱӽձ㿪ʼʵС
⻰һԡ
£Ϊ¿²Ϲذɣٱ¹غ·һƹܴ£᲻̫Щ
顣
Ҳ顣
ϵô˵̾˿޵Ȼ֪ٱΪ޲Ųý½еκһϾܻи֮õİ취ùٱֱޣɽOûйְƹܣӹƽ
˵ţּˣ±ˣλ䲻˵ˣ˵˵°ɡ
ЩǼ̬ȼ˵ȥҲֻûȤֻ
վмҶ³׶ˣ˿
һʱգҶͽOæµOĹٱĺܳɹھ㿴ٱķ¥ݵУ˵ˣרŽյĹٱǰԷȲı
OĲܿ㴫˳ȥȻˣҶ䶼æȥ˹¼ϵҪţصҪܣʱ򣬽OҪŰ桢ӡˢ֮ÿյظʱҪϦˡ
ȴýOܻϲеĲѧ֮ء
Ҷ⼸յУϵͳһӣϵͳ˲٣䳤ʮ׵ʱҶֲֽԼ￪ѵһƬյϡ
ΪȪˮ࣬úܿ죬ѾСһһ첻ϳ
ռ߲ˡˮкܶ࣬ҶҪǻʱûĲ˼óԣҶҲܾȱһЩζĺܲ˴Ժʵֻˡ
ҶմС˵˴ӹĽOҶЦЦˣô۲ۣ
OЦҡҡͷãúܳʵÿҲȫæڹ˷һ˯ʱء
Ǿͺã㿪ľͺáҶЦЦ˵
OҲüۣѻǿԾвٵǬԪΪ͸լ֮УвѧҲֻլЩëƤС¡
˵ǣҶ䣬Ҷ뷨Ҳլ֮ⷽأѧܹѧãЩ˲ڼԾҪͿĳһˣ˭ƹܹٱƹ˴ѵ·
ǬԪլõԭ޷ǾΪãǱ㣬浱߳լ֮󣬲ŷ籾ûз̸ֺ꣬ɡأ
Щ޷ǾǬԪѹͷ᲻ǵķɰˡ
˵ĶԵˣҶ䶮ҲԸ


143 
ҶЦŽO˷, ˿Ұ磬ٺ, ҺֲƷ֣, ȫȫĳ֪, ɺóˡ
áOסҶ, üĿҶ䡣
ҶЦʵôˣ
ûֻǾԼ㣬ĺˡO̾
Ҷչȥ׽OĴ, Ҳ, ҲԼˡ
OתԼҶ仳, Լȥ˹֮, Ҷ׽ˣϾڰǼġ
ϣOҶ仳Ϣʱ, ૵˵, 5øжȵҪôǰ
O⣬û˻ҶǶ΢, ǱߵĹҲܿģΨһ, 5øжȻʱýOеǣҶ̬á
ҶḧŽOĺ󱳰ͷȻֱռǹ, ˵һԼȥˣ̫, ԽǽŷԽ⣬ǶЩ
šOҲҶ˵еæӦ
ϢɣҪȥæˡҶЦ׽OĴǣ
áOԼҶ仳˸ƣ۾
ڶһ罪OԾ빬ϳ֮յҪţڹЩʱ³Сү³ȥ˽OĹ
ټOʱ³ֻû֪ͽOˣɽOգǺȵ˰Ϊѵ⣬һ˴£ǰղŸոջɡ
˵˱½ٱ齻˽Oƹܣ³ܵĵһӦǾòܣǬԪ֪ҶٺãҲܻԼȥͷ¶ְοҶļ˿϶ҲO
ȥ̽ˣ˵Ϣģ³һʱζӳ£˵ʲôζ
һͬʬ⣬ҲԾûס˹ٱĹټOһ棬úòá
³˰æͨһܿ죬㱻С˹
O˿Ѿվ˹ȥСүʲôҪ˵
³һʱЩȥO۾Σҧ̧򽪽Oûʲô£ֻô
O̹ȻĳЦЦҹúܺãұȾд󶼺á
ĸԸЩ£³ԾЩš
O˵ͷЦţңҲ֪Ҳ뱻լǷ֮˱£½ٱ齻ܣʵһʼǴ㽫ٱ齻Ҷġ
ʲôȻãҪ֪ٱغ·ƹ˹ٱǵͬڽOֻᴫѵĸطȥǺܶζ飬ҶȻóȥ
ȻãСүûб£ұȥˣʧˡOЦЦ»صԼλϡ
³˵ʲôֻſڣȴʲô˵ˡ
ʧǵĴӹٱĹгȻһЦǳ׵׵ҶˣҶز㲻ٱ飬ֻһȥͷ¶棬ĸĸ㲻ͬ⡣
³ɬȴ潪Oеˣĵȷȷ˺ܺõˣԴ֮ҲŽOҶˣķڷ
УҶ佫һӽׯϵũֲΪĸۡҶȥǽչһׯӣׯӻŲٵغũܰһֲ
ҶׯϵˣͰھƹģƷͻڴͨյĲˣҶ;ÿġ
֮⣬Ҷ仹ڸԺһյֲϣԣ׼ȷ˵Ӧֲ϶ѾܴˣԼЩʱվܳˡ
ϳԷʱҶ˳⡢ȲƷҪù˳һ
ʱOϴˣȽO·ҶȥȳԷˡ
Ҳæµһ渮һЩҪȴһ棬ׯҲȹÿձȥֲĲá
ȣˣԷˣǱܳˣҶǲ˵
İҿҪòóˡЦ
׼һξϲϡҶ˵ţգգ۾˷OѾˡ
ʱһƷ㱻۵ľĲƷ
ҶָָƷǿ쳢ǾܻЩ׷һԣľˣ
Ҷ˵ţԼͼһӣһڳȥ˶˷ЩˣζþûгԵˡ
ĩյͷһЩͷ滹ܳԵһЩɵ󣬱˵ˣϱȾĹͺͺģһƬҶҲˡ
OȶһۣŽɣҶǸԺ۵ӣ˱Ҳֱּһӡ
OԵУζζγһĿζĿԾͣסľ׽˻óǺóԣ
˻˻˻Ҳúóԣˣ׷ĺóԣֺóԵ㶼Ūһ߳ԣһ̲ס޵
ĺҶ䣬ͺûʲôҶŪһ
ҶԼҲ˻˻˼ǰɣҾ֪ǿ϶ԣҲܳԶˣԶģĿڻջǵۣŵԡ
áO˵ͷӦ
ҶվժһЩȥ԰ڣ˾鲻࣬ʱȥһȦߣȥޡ
һҶԼ˺ö˯εʱ϶Ц⣬СֳϻˣֵһǣѾ˶ֳʳͨ˼ҪôǳųԣҪô裬ֳ̻Էûеġ
ڶһ磬Ҷ䰴ԭƻȥ˾һȦѸٳ룬ظ֮ժʮŵҶӾ޸ȥˡ
ǡûڣҶ͸ɴ޵鷿һ쵽ʱ޲Ŵ
ôڲŻҶʵ
ĸʽһЩȥⲻջ˵Ҵ˶ʲôæʵ
ҶָָԲϵӣԼɣҵһֳʳ൱ĺóԣѾҸеĺ԰һЩˡ
ɻһյţԾɲ֪ʲôʳʲôû
Ұ⳴һԣرľҪҪԣҶЦʵ
ȻҪˣæڳϣҶרҵġ
ʱҶȥ˳
޳ĳһͷ󣬡Ҷˣⶫʲô֮ǰɴδ
ǿ϶ûȷֵģõƨȥˣһ£⳴һ̣ٳһ̡Ҷָӵ
áæҶ˵
ʱ˱㱻˵Բϡ
޿ĺóԣ
Ҷ˵ͷ𵥶ԣŵһԣرĽ壬ϰ׷ֱǾˣ㳢ɡ
Ҷ˵ţѾڴڳ
޳˼Ҳɴ۾ǣͦóԵģЩ졣
˻˻ȷʵóԣУǵ׷Ծɳ˲٣Ҷ䣬湻˼Ūöˣܸĸͼ𣿡
ȻԣҪǲˣȥԺժͺˡҶǴ󷽵˵
㣬湻˼Ц
ǣ緹޾ȥҶС԰ʮ
ϵأʵǸԲĶʲô
Ҷգգ۾ܣû죬ˣҿ϶ԣİɡ
УҵšЦ
ҶӼҴҵ׼ժ͸ĸǳ


144 
ȥʱ, ڴ񣬼޹ˣЦôʱˣ
ĸ, Ҷ·һֳʳ֮ǰûм, ŸϽһЩЦ
³ʳʲôɻʵ
ҶǶ, ԵлЩʹ, ǻ̲סԡЦŽ͵
ùơеëʷ£ǺĿޡ
æԼӵ˹ȥ, ĸ㿴, 
߿̵߲, ȻûĶ, ¶Ц⣬ⶫܳԣ
˵ͷرó, ϰ׷, ζľˡ
ЦЦãϱ㳢, 㳤Ҳһ𳢳ν, ĺóԣպƹȥǵķҲܶһƷ
, Ҷ˵бĳʳأֻǻû, ЩʱձæЩ¡Ц
Ҷ䣬ǰѻҲˣ޶۹⻹ãŶãҶŪ˶ٵʶ
ٺ٣ҲײЦ
ϵʱޱ޵Ҳ˹һͬ÷
ʱ㱻˵˷ϣЦζúһԣȻ̫ˡ
˳ɫһֿͣپ׽֮ų˼׷ζѹȥζȻر𡣡
ǰɣԽԽóԣҲϲЦ
Ҷ빬ˣԸԸ⽫óһ֣Ȼˣ޻Ӧʹ͡ڵ
޵˵ͷţǵҶźá
޺һͬ޵ʵ㣬ɲӶ𣿡
˵ͷţѾˣµס
㣬ֲϲûס˵
̾˿ԣϲ˱Ͳףοǵ⣬˵ʲôϲ̫ݳˣΪ˶ҶͽOóԸ𣿡
Ҳǡ޵ȥ䣬һ㶼ŵԼɣмҶͽOϲġ
ȥοģû£Ҳûϲˣ˭һûʲô𡣡
˵˿Χģûٶ˵ȥ룬ĶĿأ֮ѡϧܴпЩʲô
ڴͬʱ򿪳ϵĸϣϧԼķޣ򿪳ϻӡŮڼϧķ
޿޿ޣʲôӣ򿪳üǳ
Ҳ޸̫Ů˫ȶȳˣ϶Ҳ粻ģҲȥһ˵ϧһ߰રવĵᡣ
ǿǻ̫Ůͽᶼͽ᲻أ㻹ˣ򿪳
Լôޣϧһ߿һ߶졣
򿪳ϱĺ˺üϧô˵ģԼ˵˵ɣ׼п㣿ʲôһݣһݣҪΪһôĵģ㿴Լ˼ˣ
ôҳƫƫҪңأұͲϲǻҽǣǲȥϸұӾСǻЩһҪǱ̫ŮˣأҲǲˡ
ϧԽ˵޵Խģ·ѾԤԼպ󱻻̫Ůץ󱻹ҳ
ǿûȥϸֻǹ̫Ůµ壬㽫̫Ůµ֪һѣϧΪҲǲѣΪǼҵδΪòôϾδεˣ治һ˭޸̫ŮҲĳӳףպ˭ǸλãǼҲ̡
򿪳Ͽ׵һԵĻȻϣһ֧ܵǸλãУԼĶŮ޸Ҳû
ǣҺ£顣ϧһ߿һߵⲻȥϸҪǱˣӻأԼñж˿顣
ʲôֻǺͻ̫ŮҲˣҸ߰ŵѾ߱ܰ㴫Ϣֲա򿪳ϼ
ϻֲü޸̫Ůվ˵ۡϧޡ
򿪳ϱĶͷϵϧԸԸ⣬µ׵ʱ򶼵øҽȥ
ءϧޣƫģܼ޸ĳӣ˼ǸȫˣԼֻܼ޸̫Ů̫Ůȶȳˣ͸ˡ
ϧҲû취Ϊ˻ڶһͿʼͽϰѧˣϾҪ޵ȥģʲôҪСˣżϧֿȻһ߿һѧ
˿̵ҶոսӵĿͣ˵ڱһˡ
ҶԹĳ˹ſڣǰ
ſڵƬ̣С˽Ҷӭ˽ȥ
Ҷ䣬μ¡Ҷ뵽֮ԹԳŮ
Цų̧̧֣ƽɡ
л¡
ִϽЦʵ㷢ֵģ
Ҷ˵ͷԣҰһɽϷֵģҳһⶫζ㽫ŪһЩֵԼҺԺû뵽ĳˡ
˵ͷЦԸ⽫ӷָׯֲȻˣҲԿʹͿ϶ٲ˵ġ
ҶȴЦҡҡͷҪʹͣԸ׳ֻԸѵͨҲܳǳһССԸ
ȴǸӸпǺųˣѾǿˣŰգοҶ䣬ĲſҴѵĸҲһĸ
ˣҲҵͺáҶЩεͷûкúȥ˼ˡ
ᣬŪЩûĲҲܶһ±һ͹ǱߴкǲҪÿȥĶ޸ȨЦ
л¡ҶǿĵӦ¾ܴнֵˡ
ڶյ糯ҶҲϳȳǽҪ飬۵Ĳˡ
ſڵһ£Ҷ䷢һµĲƷѾҽǼˣȷʵǿʳõĲƷҶ佫Ϊⶫ
Ļ£Χ
ҶʲôҵµĲƷ
Ϊ
֪ûǶֵֹģܳԣ
ʽˣӦ֪
˴չȥʽ£ˣŮԹ𣿡
е²̨Ҷ䱾ͺϵһ㣬ҲûǸʲôҡҡͷ
Ȼ˶ϡ棬ϡ氡
ЦҶ˽ѾһӽޣѾûׯȥֲˣȵһ֮󣬻˸ӣޱὫֲѡ
˿ձҶе˹˵£ҪʲôʹͣȴֻŰյĲܶһƷοϣλҲҶ㣬װŰգЩı㡢Ӫ
ȲĴ
ЦЦڵҶ䲻ҪҪ޻Ҫ͵ģޱʹҶƽһεĽ͡
л¡ҶЦЦ°ͣͦĵġ
ҲҶЦЦֿ˽Oн䡣
˵ʱ򣬽һѾȥˣ˺ĻɫǺĽ˻Ϊֱ˵˲
Щʱ㸺Ĺٱ˴ѸٱϵʵõĴʾֲ٥ͨİҲе˼ⶼĹ͡
ⶼǳӦģˡOǰæֳһ
ЦҪ˵ҶأǶ˶ǿţҲϵ°գȴӹ԰һĳӣοҴҲǺˡ
ĳӷ׷׶һۣةĴ£׷׹Ӵѡ
ҶͽOڳϱͣһʱ䣬˶Ůǰĺˡ
O飬һѵľǹŮ׷ۺ죬кܶвʶŮӣȴֻڳ֮ںլУвŻҲ޴ʩչ
ЩЦOĹŮҲûյ棬һģ˪һ㣬ûɡ
ЩOȻǲ֪ġ
ʮ֮Ҷں԰Ĳ˵ջĵһϡ
ܵｫһִԲϱ˳ҶˮϵĹƤϴȥ޸ıȡһЩϷŵ˱ˮн¡
Լʱʱ䣬ýOӹҶ˽ϵľͰ
˵ǸϣO
Ҷæ˵ͷⶫرĺóԣŴ㳢֪ˡ
˵ţҶõп㿴ͮͮĹȿҶ۾ˣô죬϶óԣ


145 
æгɿ, к쳢֭ˮ㣬ֺóԡ
ԡO˵űһ, ֻһڣ۾, ⶫȷʵͬҶ˵һ, ĺóԡ
ǹ˲˵, Ѿһųˣô˵ɣС, ûгԹôóԵˮ
, , Ҳ̫ó˰ɣڳϵʱ, ڳնҶ
ҶЦЦģҲ˭ֳġ
, áȸжĶ, İϵˮ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷǺܺóԣҲڰɣ
ڣĺϲϡ˵, ֶݺݵĳһ顣
OǱֶˣЩԲ, Цʣµ԰ɣˣ԰ﻹһŹȥ, ǳ
Ҷ彪OգգۣǱ, ͹ȥ˳ٴȥһЩ
šOü䣬ҶǴδˡ
ʣµϱҶȳ˴룬ʣ¼飬ҶԺСѾǷˡ
˵ĶȥԺӷŵԺʯϣԼһ飬ŵͷ͸ǵĳʳԼã˿ɾûˡ
ѾǸæ˹ֿȻõˣֻں氦̾ˡ
˼ڣ̲סķͷ⿤ֵҲ̫óˣʤԹˮԺҲѾǾˡ
ǣҲ̫ó˰ɣ
죬ûԹôôˮˮóԡ
ⶫǽǰɣ
԰԰˵ǿֳģ¶ûԹء
մˡ
ɲ
~~
ڶһ磬Ҷ׼ϣʮȥˣOԭҲȥģٱǱߵ̫࣬ʵǳ鲻ֻҶԼȥˡ
ҶȥŶȻסȥˡ
СһѾ׽ԲأҶˣСһ˷ܵĳ˹ȥҶ㣬ôңҶ~
ҶЦЩʱڸ׼óԵģ컹ˣ㿴
Ҷ˵ţһСһ￴
СһﶼˣץץԼСɻʲôѽ
Ҷ䶼СӶЦˣϣֳˮرĵرĺóԣ벻ԣ
룡СһͲˣϵ۾
ȻҲӷˣҶ䣬ôȥ
ûµģˣҸǴֲϡҶЦ
ڶڴȻ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷţԿɺóˣӦóԲˣϿԡ
ΪϣȻӽ˵ȴûϡ
Ҷѻ״ˮ˵ߣЦһˮرĺóԡ
Ҷ˵ţһϵݸߵСˣȥˮϳһ塣
ǣСæҶ˵ˡ
ҶЦŽ͵֮óԣһǾпһš
ã㿴ˮˡȻЦŴȤ
СһҶٺٺٵЦЦҶĴ
һϱ㱻˻
ҶԺʯϽпˣĹȿԵرĺÿ
СһСһÿף㿴ϹǺɫģɰ~
ȻЦŮССèȥɡ
ٺ٣áСһ˷ܵĴ˹ȥҶͶιҶ佫һϵݸСһСһ˵ڵϾͿ
ֻҧһڣСһͱˣһһϳˣŪС϶ǣ˵ˣó԰ϲϹϣԺϲϹˣ
ҶЦŶ󣬾֪ϲˣһԺбĺóԵأ
Сһ˼Ƭ̣ᶨ˵ҲϲԹϹϣ
ãٳһ顣ҶЦָСһһ飬ȻҲһ飬Ҳĺܺóԡ
ȻЩŲϾô˶أ˼֮Ҳϵζ۷ˣҶ䣬ⶫֳģ
ҶЦЦģ㿴ЩɫӲӲӾϵӡ
ǱЩӣϽռȻ
뵽ʲôȻʵǱأû͹ȥ
ҶЦЦ˵ǱߣٹȥOһֱǣұȸ͹ˡ
úӡȻЦŸ̾
Сһһ˾͸ĿϣȻŻˣ˵ʲôҲСһˣСһﻹĵƲƲ졣
磬ʱͱе˰Ȼ
ȻָָϵϣЦҶùϡ㳢
ǣɻϾѾھǴˣǺܶ˶ûӡ
ҶЦǣһˮϣֳƷ֣㳢
رóԣСһﲻĴָ޵
ЦһжóԣҵҪúóˡ
˵ţҧһڣȻ˶סˣھǳʲôóԵˮûԹȻȲҶϣڣóԣ
óԣóԡһ飬ſҶ䣬㣬Ҷ䣬ŪĶûһóԵģˣķˡ
⻹һһôˮأʵˮֶ࣬ĺóԡ
ҶЦһܳˣӦûпڸˡ
СһһСȥ쿴Ҷ䣺ΪʲôҶ㣿
ҶСӵЦŽ͵ζСӳ˵ĻҪޱˡ
ҲŲأǶԣ϶óԣҲҪԣСһ˫֣ڵ
ҶЦããһԾ֪ˣɲޱӡ
ߣҲŲأҶˡСһ
һʲôµı飬ԱߵļȫЦˣСһʲôģǿĹ


146 
, Ǳ߲һͽһһĲƷƷĿһ, һ⣬һƤ
ҶЦЦڵǳ, ֻ, Եпܻе, Ҫ׷һԣкζ
ٺ٣ãСһﲻа, ָ, Ҽһ~
̰ԵСģ, ʧЦҡҡͷ, ãЩԣ˵еʹĸо𣿡
Ҳ£Сһ۶, һ˷֮ɫ
Сһһ, ŵСһ
ҶСһĶ棬ЦӯӯĿŶСһ
Сһ˻ԴűԼС, ڵĽԵ
СһھۿͮͮĿʼˣ֮СһʵڳԲȥ, ˳һ˻˻˻һ߰રવĵ, ~ʹʹ˻˻˻, 㣬ͻˣ~
ۿСһﱻˣæСһﱧ壬Ůȥˮ
Сһﱧű͹˼ڣžԼĸоһЩίͰ͵ĿҶ䣬ߵҶ㻵ǸóԣҲϲ
Сһһ˵һҡԼԴһܵı飬ƺǶӰ
ҶЦͺ˵ˣֶСӲܳԣ˰ɣ
СίͰ͵ĵ˵ͷҶһϣСһڣСһϣ˲źһЩ
ҶЦ㣬Բˣԡ
ãҳһڣҲÿȴԽԽͷ·׷óˣ
ȻҲһ˼Ҳ·ҳоԼθڶ˲١
ĸ׺ͽ㶼ƲƲС죬Ҷ㣬һϲϣ´θҴһĺóԵģҪ
ҶֵĲУСǱˣУ´θֱĺóԵģʡٿޱӡ
ߺߡСһҶӣʾĲ
ȻͽһۣСһﶺü򶼲
ҶָָϵƤЦ㳢ոճϣʣµĹƤƤҲܳԵģڸдģˬ塣
𣿡СһｫŽɣΪҶСĳŶֱµ
ҶʧЦģ㳢һھ֪ˣɺóˡ
СһʾУζֲִ̱ǵζСһҧһڣȻ۾ˣóԣϺóԡ
Ҷ͵Ц˼ԼҲӳ
緹ظˣߵʱҶ䲻㣬ǵ˽ϷŵˮţԵʱóԡ
ãҶˣǿŴϣٸԡЦôóԵĶ춼ԵͺˣҲ֪ܣҶ丮ĺ԰ô󣬲һֳܶ
Ҷӽֻ֮صԼԴȥĿִԲϣСǰ֮Ҷٴȥ޸
˯أҶ͹ȥˣ޶ҸöˣѣȻҿ˰
޸˯ţҶ˵кóԵģʹӴϱˣˣҸ˯ţʲôóԵģ
޴žͿҶ仳ﱧһ״壬ʲô
ҶЦЦ˵ϣҸţǸµġ
а㣬湻˼ôԣò¹ɻ
Ҷ䶼Цˣ򿪾ܳԣ˳һˮóԡ
ǻʲôϽ˳һˮ˵ţæСȥˮ
һһűϾͱ˹޺ģϷ졣
Ҷֱõг룬гһһ״ɣ֤Թһξš
ֱһĳһ͸ͣȥˣһһ飬ҶҲһʱͺȣҲųһŴϾͱһˡ
ЩԲˣǿ᲻ãô氡
п֮ó꣬ԲķŵﱣɣǿҲԷŵﱣ棬ܸóԡҶ˵ţֿ˿ʣµϡ
øľϱµϷŵľȥʱϾǱġҶЦ
޸æкһСȥ£ʱϱ㱻ŵʢ˱ľ
С˱ľӣҶͼҴҵĽˡ
粻ô˯Ӽ󳼡
̴漱ҴҵĽ£ºְš
΢΢׵ɡ
Ȼ˱齵£Ǻȣ˵Ѿ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ޽뵽ʱ򣬶ǰǳϸܵĺ顣
˸תͷͼҲ
Цʲô¹ޣ
ĸʣҶֳƷˣľˮϣ˵ţԱߵ̽ϱ˳
վȥΧϿ˰죬Ҳã⵹ϡ棬޴ûˮλأ
ԱߵļҲ׷ǰΧۣһûӡ
ˡϳ׾ȷʵûˮ
Ҳǽյһμ
Ҳǡ
огԶ֮ǰΪҶ飬ιҶһΣȻͱҶˣ֮ԶûǹҶ䣬û뵽ˡ
Ҳ˹ȥȴȷ֪ʲô
ҶˣɷΪǽأԶʵ²ˣϴβҶҲΪҶ˽𣬵ϲ˾ѡ
Ҷ˵ͷЦϣһֹˮζ𣬱֮ζѣżȻãҼҺ԰
ԶЩεЦ£ԭǼҲմ˱µĹ⣬ôϡ
ҲǴϲҶڷ⣬Ҷ䵽׳˸ʲôԴ󣬻ֲָ߲ˡˮҲ̫ȫһ㡣
Ҷ䣬ⶫôԣɻ
ðһСӹȻСҶ仰䣬ȻдѾˡ
ʱһŷСӱ㱻̧
Ҷ佫ϱŵ˷ϣ̵ݹˮϴмп
ӳıϲ˵ĴɫһϾǺ֣˲׷׾
ֺ֭ˮֶ࣬źܺóԡ
ǰҶб£ˮֳ
ǰҶΪ
ҶЦ⣬ģ۳ⷽ棬ѵҲȲ
ҶЦŽгС飬˸ƣ£
ҲֱһƷֻϴЦ⣬ȴһֱû˵һϸϸƷζ֮ŶߵŮ壬˽ʣµǰϸʺǱȥûʺҲҶֳϡ
ǣ¡Цߵ̱ϱ㼱Ҵҵˡ
ĴһĶĿϣղǻأڼ³ԵĻϲһÿڸ
ȻҲˣЦλҲʰɡ
л¡
л֮ȫΧ£˹һƷ̾
ó԰ⶫǾ
԰֭ˮ棬ǼƷ
ⶫҪðҲһֲͬҴѵ°
ԶҲһҶ䣬Ҷ买ֵʱǳԣǳ̫ˣҲû뵽ں԰ֲڹĹߣʵǳˡ
Ҷ䵹ҲΪյϾ˳ԶһΣҲֻҡͷЦҲöѣ˵ΪԹ٣ٹҲְڣҺ⡣
ԶֳֹҶһλ˵ĵͦģԼʱ򣬿ǰԼƿԡ
ּвѧĲſպǲˡ
ǣʱˮѾھǵĹȦﴫˣ˭Ҫ˵ԼԹϣǶ˶Ľˡ
ԴˣȺľѾ˺ܶˣ֮ܿģÿնܳϱ˳Բϡ
Ҳ˿ʼйϵܴܲҶϣҶֲȱǮ͵˾һľ棬£ŪһϳΪҶͽOݵλ⣬ұҶ䡣
ıλϺȲ裬̾ϢֻǸ˷Ҷ䣬һ㶼ϡ
εɫҲѿԭѵıǺ˵ĵ̣Щ꣬߾ʱͺͻʧأԭϺӦϵģڣţΪԵʣ˵ļνʧأһ£ѾٶԴѵı߾ˡ
УҶ仹һµĳʳҪѽ·գ˵ЩǱºλŮ鸣죬ԼҵЩĲƷϹһҶĸŮϰǰݺˢһøУʹҪ飬Ӽ
ҶǸˡĳɫļôȥ¹ģλãһҿɾѴˡ
ֺγ֪ҶǸû뵽ҲͰˣũɣⷽȻҲóˣ֪Ϊõģ
ı˿żҶǸ˽Oùƿµ·ҲְܼҽOΪ˼Ϊ𣬺ܶ鶼ҪΪΪҪٱֶ
ЦһΪùľǳصҶͽOߣͱ˰ŵĻԡıɫ䵭㣬Ƕûз֮ġ
ãҽͰȥԣܽǣãˣҲҶǶ쾯ӡ
ı̾˿ҲǸģͿҶ𣿻ǽOҶˣǿɺޣ
˵ţıֱһ豭ҶˣЩܽЩֲĹϹ߲˵ַȥǵģֻϧϧˡ


147 
ڴͬʱ, 鸮Уϧո¿ΣۿǺͮͮ, ԽԽˣѧϰһ, ѧ, Ҫ, һ뵽ܵĹϵϧͺ񿴵Լδ
̫ŮץסȦ, ѾǼϧ뵽õ³, ³, Ǳն׻ǴͶ, ֮һ뵽Щϧֿʼરવĵ
ʵǿȥ, ȥȰǺοأϴ, ĵ˶̫ŮҲϲֿ޿͡
ϧһ޵ĸ, Ҫ˵ϲң̫ŮֱӰȥնҶллˣͻ˵, 鱻ȥֲ㡣
˵ţϧ޵ĸˣ·ѾԤԼδһ, ܸоԼĲЩۡ
Ƽ̾˿ּҲô۵, ˵ˣǸְŪһرóԵˮǽϣѾھﴫˡ
һԵģϧͣƬ̣ȻԵĺûʲô¶રવĵᣬʲôϵֳԲ
Ǻ޹أɵȥ˶ܳϹʳһ̫Ůϲ㣬ȻЩóԵġƼȰϾ̰ԣóԵȰû˰ɣ
ϧһ߿һߴã㣬ǲǣģ̫Ů²ֱɱҶǸˣϲңɶأء
ƼʵȰˣɴ죬ˣϧԼǱ߼ġ
ϣOҶϴ׼ϢҶĲȥʱOߵļŮҲʼֵܹһЩOĹ񣬾ͱ˵ڣOոȥϳˣֵµļŮֻϳ¼һOҲɿĻᡣ
һҶ۽O࣬ûôŽOз£O⼸ոˣ㶯˼
ŸϴOܵҶֲֻʵһЦһ߶ܣʲô
ˣþûǸˣ~ҶһһȥקO¡
OҲǶҶ䣬ҶȻ룬ȻҲܾңԼҲǲ롣
ҶѾקŽO´ȥʱԺͻȻ졣
ǼʸƿűǱ˼ʸϵ
ҶŵæӽOOȹá
Ҷ˵ĹѾһխ
ҶֱӴӴЩ㽫Ŵһ϶ں⼸˴򶷣ʱĻ㱻ˣʮų˹Ǽ̿͹򼫺ãṦƬǱ˰׷٣ȥˡ
ǼҲߵҶǰҶ°񣬡Ȳμ
ǣҶɻ
Ǳİģֻ߻κ¡
Ҷ߿°ݵʮˣʮȫŮӹҸֲṦ
û˵£ǵøлǼոЩ˵ʲôͷҶüʵ
ˡܣֻʮˣ¿ͽ˷⣬ûȥ׷Щ˵ĵɽ֮ƣ뿤ˡΪ׵ŮǬԪ
Ҷ˵ͷ½ҹԾɲȫǱ鷳ǼЩˡ
ǳӦְ𡣡Ϊ׵Ůæ
Ҷ˵ͷ˿ĽOԱߵȣǶȻȥϢɣЩһûе֣һڶΣϢһ빬ͱ¡
áӦһȴºٹſĻҶԺΧͣѲӣк˴롣
ҲͬڰҰһ㣬ֻҪ˸ðͷǾ͸ҧȥ
ҶͽOص˴ϣҶȴ˯ˣOҲһҶĻü˭أҲûеʲôˣǱߣҸ״ԲҲûгң˭˴ɱأ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣۵
Oü΢΢ӻ·Щ̿ͣɫ
ԭܾܿҶԼߵ̫ˣҶ;һԼ˴ѵ·ԼҶ䵲ǵ·
ǱҲҪһЩˣǽҶü
OҲǵģûʲôֻͨĻͱոյĺɱˡ
ͬһ££ٵˡO
ҶҲ˵ͷã£ϾǾǣЩ˲д¶ŵġ
˵ô˵ҶͽOһҹû˯Ҷ佫ϵͳҲ˳
ĿʹöһֵûôãֻǶһӺӵʱȥ10㣬ڻʣ162һֵ
Ҷֱˢ壬ҵǹͼ滭һʽǹʢ15ӵϵǹӵװҲ˵һǹֱӸ100ӵҪ15һֵ
Ҷԥѡ˶һ磬һ˵书ٸǿṦٺãҲֲסӵɱǿǻֱӶ˲˺ġ


148 
ҶǹеһĶϤ, ϾĩյЩҶûʹǹеⶫ, ҶͰ˲١
ڶһ磬ҶͽO빬ȥ, 󳯻һһ, ûд󳯻, ҶͽO빬֮󣬱ֱȥˡ
ĻͨҲ, ͽϢ˽
Ҷǽ, , ûǿ, κ˶ÿɫҲ̫ÿ
׻ǵ͹Լܵܵķ̶ȣԭ¶ţȻô嶯, ھǾ͸˶Ҷ䶯, ǰ˰ҶĳˣǽǴѵһʧ
ʱ, ҶͽO뵽˴漴㱻, һʱ䣬ֻʣҶˡ
ҶͽO°
Ȳμ¡
ˣɡ˵, ̾˿ҹ, ޶֪ˣдʵǿھǱ£ͽOƽ¡
л˰ͽOֻǽǱȫͨĻĻ֮˹ǽ˺˳ͽOᶢϽOļˡҶ俪ڵ
˵ͷãɼбͬʱþѲӪˣǿıá
룬ּɸʮЩлĸۡ
л¡ҶæлҪ֪ѵЩԱǲ˽ļģǸֻлһϸ涨ģִĸֻ޵ĸһˣΪ˱ްȫġ
һͽǲȥպЩ˱ǲˣ⣬£Ҳ׷飬Ƕ˻һʲôʲôͺáڵ
ǣȸˡҶͽOӹˣҶǰѽO͵˹𣬻ĻҶ뿪
Ҷصûһǲʮ׸ˣҶȸЩסǷֳ飬ÿ25ˣеʮ˾СԺΧأʣµʮȥ԰أһҶͽOİȫҲ˱ϡ
ͬʱǱߣı鷿˵¡
µĹȻû¹Ȼ˰ҶǣֹһȥˣҶķ䶼ȥҲ̫㣬ȫˡü
ıһڲ裬ɫͺǱϵ𣿡
Ѿϵռɺˣֻͬǳ³֮ҪѴѱߵһظø֮⣬ǻˣҪͼֽǲϡС
ıɫЩֻЩڴѾӪãҲֻǧˣЩ˻ԷɢھܱߵׯϣкͱУֻ˱Ƶۣ췽ҹ̷
һҲϣǲռȻۿŴһձһչ˲ʢıҲȷʵǼˣҲʹò綯ˡ
ͼֻֽбºҶУ£Ҷ߸ƣǵˣԽӽҶ䣬ЩֻǸһֵ죬ǲ֪ô졣ı̾˿
ô죿ѵҪı𣿡ҲˣڳҲǸӣĸܵǻƵۣɾǻ̫ˡ
ȻǲУΪ֮ƣֻݻЩʱգҶǷɾٶ֣ңٹգǸŮҪ빬ȥãǵ˰ȥڶǱߣˣϻһ󡣡ıĿԶ
ǣԶްˣѻǵʱԶҶ֣˳õͼֽռɺӦϣǻλЦ
һԵ廰ˣǰǣһϵе飬Ҫ˳С
⻰һһʱֻĵʱǱҪ޵ȴûҶôһ
ıһλˣùҪʵµĺҲŹвλˡ
ʱ˽ͨ
үСİڿ߻ػˣ˵Ҷĸȥ˲еʿЩʿȥ֮󣬱ûٳæ
ıɫѿˣȥɡ
ǣү
֮ıż¶Ҷ仹Ǻãȥˣ¸öҶ䶯ˡ
ǱֻܴӶˣֻйˣǲпܴҶõͼֽ˳㽫Ҷɱˡμ
ţȥŰɣ붫һҪЩ
ǡ˵ţα㼱Ҵҵ˳ȥ
ļգҶͽOָֻƽ̿û£ҶҲO߰ʮԼҲһȥĻʮ
֮󣬻鸮Уһ磬ϧ۾ˣͺ빬Ҫȥѳһ
򿪳϶ˣƫƫ˵һ仰ϧܶʮ졣
ˣˣܱܲˣϾҪˣ̫Ů¿ӣڶô򿪳
ϧӣһ޿ôѾõĽˣն׾Ͳˣô
򿪳ָżϧıӣ㣬㣬㡭
˺üӲǱϧ˵һĻǼϧױżϧһޡ
Ͼ޵ɲ棬ŮһɾˣŮҲǼˣѣûʲô¡صʽֻǽ͵ѣټ̫Ů»Ǹзϣô룬ϧֱӱͷʹޡ
򿪳ԴϵһһģǱ߰˸żϧһ֪ģҪ˳ŮЩ빬ɲǿ޿ʱ
ˣʱѵѷС򿪳
С˽ϧһ߱ޣһ߱
ͬʱǺƽʱûʲôʱ鷿£һлҴҵ˽
£Ҳ飬ѾˣθŲһͬ빬棬ǻ鸮ˣˣǱ߰ˡ
˵ͷȱݾߣҪʲô˵ðżϧߵˣһ춯ҡڵ
ǡӦһƬ̺㼸ʧ鷿ͺûгֹһ
ʱ㴫Ůͨ£Ѿӭ붫ߵ޵ˣҪȥ𣿡
ˣǱߵŰɡ
ԼϧЩ棬֪ϧ֪֪ɹƷ˵ϧ˼ܺԼأ
ô˵ڹȥȰ˵ɹˣʲôˣ
ǣһһֱ硣
Ůʾ£Ҫ޵÷ȥҲһͬ÷
Ҿ԰ɣ׼Щʳϧ͹ȥͺá˵
ǡŮæȥ
ʱŮϧǱһЩʳΪ׵ĹŮǸ׼˷ʳԹ÷ˡ
ϧȴƴҡͷڻŸͷ˵ͷӦҿɲԼҶһǵ죬С
ôţϧְરવĵ˼


149 
˵÷, һٶֱӰɣ˼ˣϧĶҳԷ, ڴίͰ͵Ĩᣬ֪, ȻͿŴ˯ˡ
, 춼Ѿ, һ죬ŹȥǸͽļϧǸʲô·
ţԼƫ, ƫѾȼ
䵽ƫеǸԲ, Բϵķ˷ֺδ, Ѿû, ȻǸϧһڶû
˰֣æңһɿֵ֡
Լת, Ƭ֮, 㵽˴ߣƫﵹЩ׵ķΧᣡ, ЩǴɫģȻ˴ŵҲһĺ, ͷϻŸͷֻǼϧЩ֣ǿڴߵϵġ
ٴתο, Ľϧͷĺͷƿ¶źÿ
ϧû, Ҳܿĺɫֻǣô۾ֺ׵ģԼնѣڿ޳ɣ
ļϧ֣ϧѡ
ϧһӴϹȥסΣ㿴˶ϵŮˡ
ϧſˣͨһǰһ߳ҭҭĿޣһ߲סŮģءĴˣҲˡ
ҲϧŪˣǳһԼֻѣôŪԼҪһ
µĶݵ𣿻ϧ鱾ˣݵģֻ˵ǰ˵ĳǸҲ̫Щ
˵˵Ķˣ
ϧ޵ĸˣңҲ˯ȥĵµңңҲ빬ģǼҪҵ°¡
ϧһ߳ҭҭ˵һ߲Լժ壬һ˾Ϳ
û𣿡µļʵ
ϧŵöһֻ˾ŵСӣ׻ʲô˵ʲô˵Цֱӵŷ̫Ů˵Լˣǲɱûôɵ
ûûˡһ߳ҭҭĻػһСȥɫ
ɫ޲ֻ˵ͷɣҹ˵
л£л¡ϧĨһᣬӵ
Լһݸ˼ϧɣ޻ˡ
ϧһƷ޵ĸˣ޿ӱ̫Ůˣ̫ŮŲϲģһʱ䣬ϧ޵滨ģͲιȥˡ
ž޲϶¶һ˿ôܿ޵ʲôˣ
ˣĪˣû㣬ˣʱ÷𣿡ʵ
ϧίӣҡҡͷ˵ãһ˵ֻԼڹ๾ҽС
ûУͷûƿңû÷ϧҭҭҪԭ·жһֱӱ˿ô죿
̾˿Ҳû÷һЩɡ
ţлл¡ϧĨĨϵᣬǹɵӦ
ļˣ˵ҪعĹأҲ㣬ԺЩʱԸ׼ֱӰѸ빬Ĳ
лл£֪ˡϧӣԼĻǵ˸ޣͻ̫Ůһ÷Ƿ϶ͲжˣԼһԷĳԡ
֣ʾµ˽Բϵķȫߣʱһµķ˱㱻
ϧһҪȥֲӣǹһĨײĻȣָֻܿ糣ҹȥ÷ɡ
ϧû뵽ƣˣ̫ŮӦû֪ԼǼϸɣ
ôǲзϣԸ̱ţɤᶯ˵Ļȴŵüϧֱӹȥ
檲ң檲ң檰ĽѾã볣ˣϧ˵ţֺۿ
䵽˼ϧźÿϣôһ仰ĹۿֺˣҪݵģλ鸮ǧݼҲδ̫Щ
ֹ˼ϧ°ָͣڼϧϲ˲䣬Цɣ˵Цأ𶯲͹򡣡
ϧŵһ˻ȥɫվûжŭ˿
߰ɣƱȥ
μϧѧˣߵΣƵԲߡ
Цŵ˵ͷɣ
ϧ㱻߶µߣü΢ȥ۾찡ǵһ죬;Լˣء
л´ϧС߬һЩҪӸˡ
ȻĽţЦòôű
檲ң檲ҡ˵ţϧҪ¹򣬱סˡ
ˣ̧ͷҡԾᣬȴŲɵѹ
ϧˣ̧ȥȻͿʼܿƵİરવᣬأԲ£ǳ檲ã檿ƲסԼء
̾˿Ӽϧ˽ĵİᣬĪˣ۾ˣȻѾ붫ˣķſʲôˣסձ֪ˡ
ᣬĶᣬԽᣬϧԽޣҪһŪʲô飬̫Ů˻ͦģģҲûֱӴ
ϧӣСĿлл£檣ֻµ²ϲ檡
Ըı̬Ͼ˫ȶȳˣﲡ̬ҲǺпܵģڿͦȶģȶԼŵһμԼѾ˶ٴˣ
ᣬЦɰ᲻ϲأ
ϧٿı͸ˣûӴ̫ǬԪǴû˺˵ĻЩˡ
͵͵ȥű¼ҵλŮòڣһȻͬ˵̫Ů£ĺܺÿֻǣôÿˣ˫ȴĲ·ǿϧˡ
漴һ룬ϧˣɲϧҲ£ȰСס˵
䵽˼ϧĶϣɫ΢ϵķӦܲҲװİɣǼϧҲ̫Щ
Ҳһϵʱ䣬ú̽̽ϧ
ĲˣջԼ֣ЦɲٿˣȻŮǻΪοء
檲ҡϧæ
ۿͮͮģһֻ۸˵Сһ߶µӣĵЩɰ
ǹ˹Ȥ


150 
ʱ, ˱㱻ϧһķˣӲĹ๾
Щ˼Ŀ, £Цˡ
ЦЦ, ޷, ÷ɡ
šϧӦһ, ȴûŶӣ͵͵ȥ
ûÿӣ, Լ, һ˳, ôӣѲ±ڷ¶𣿡
ϧ, ⻰ŵϵĿžһ͵˵ϡ
ϧҲæ, û˼, 檲ңˡ
ЦһԾ, ɣ㿪Ц, ôˣ
˵ţֿһԵŮȥ˫ɾĿӹ
ǡŮæһ˫µĿӷŵ˼ϧǰ
ϧԲʼѵ, ˣΪԼ뷨̫Ů, Զˣ
żϧЦЦ
ǡϧսս
ģЩ˶ܰȫԷʳá
ϧ߶µ˿ӣ֪ǲĴôܾû̫ŮлأȻǲܵϸѾˣ~
лл¡ϧ˻˼Ƭ̣ԺҲڶԷֱܲӶɣ
ڱͱм䣬ϧѡһˣȳ˵ȻҪˡ
ţϧƷ
СĲƷζǲһҶ͹ϧԵʱ۾ˡ
ɵĶ˼ӣ׷һʲôóԡ
ˣˣϧޣԼĶô໰ģֲңǶ
ȴЦЦ͵ְ͹ģǳԲģϲЩ
ϧСĿɫƺ˿л¡
˵ţϧֳӳŵùĹҵģֻСһ
üۣͦɰġ
йźϴϴϧԹԵڴߣ˻µˮҲȥϴ裬֮ǱЩϢɡ
ãлл¡ϧɵĵлߵֱߵСƫ׼ԡ
һ죬Ҳĵһ죬ݵˮ˲ǻһ
ϧŻ̫Ů˻ԼûӦƽƽĶȹ
з£ϧû¶Ͼȳģһ˵вмˣǣӦҲ࣬뵽ϧȴǸˣܲԲˡ
˵֮ǰڸʱҲôϵԲϧýӦҲòˡ
Ѿ˴
ϧЩ˼һվͷһʱʱǱߡ
ȻҲˣ䣬𣿡
£檵ͷûأ»ὫŪʪ
޷˵ţ˫ֵ󱳿Ĵϡ
ϧƬ̣ͻ̫ŮҲû쵽زɣ˵£檻Լɡ
üôǸˣԲԸ׽𣿡
ģɼϧȴŵòᣬң檲ң͹
ۿĻźˣæյ˴ã˳㽫Ľݸ
ӹ˽İżϧͷ
΢΢һֱڿϧ
ϧȥ۾ֻܵͷĶġ
ۿģ˶Ū˼ָڼϧۿļϲ˲䣬Щˡ
ϧˣûкǬԪôǵĽӴ̫Ů
ϧˣֲҶµ
˵ǳǳЦЦͷĶԽôôˣţ
繣ƺǴСһüϧκġ
û檣ֻЩţǰûкǬԪǰϧ˵ҲʵȻˣһԭΪ顣
ãϰ˱պ㲻ˣˣϴϢɡЦѵ
°¡ϧæӹŵһԵĵϣСĽãϧҲȥı飬Ծ˹ȥСĿ絽˴ɺá
ԼǺñӣ۾ϧ˿ð빬ĵһ죬ܴ~
Ϊ´ˣ׼˯һʱԱ߱㴫
˯ˣǲʲô
ϧ˶סˣҲϴˣͷҲˣɶˣ
檲֪ĲáϧۣС˵
ȴЦЦǸճףȻҪԲģһ
ϧŵֺۿǣ̫ŮȳѲɻҪԲ
ϵЦôңԲͬ׽
ǣǡϧˣȶˣŲ˺üΣǿ
ϧ嶼ڷǬԪʲôģǵһΣҪԾ顣
ǰôˣ嶼ڷأôȳˣ㲻з𣿡ˣ⻰ϧˣĶˡ
ûУûУǵĵµ壬Ȼ¿ԣǳҲԡһҧڵԲԲܱȶСǿʲôҲûԼСҪ
Ȼûģǵİһ۾ҪˡЦЦ
ϧЩû˼Բ۾Ϊʲôأ
һ̣еԼĺסˣҲһǣ̫Ů
ϧһ㾭鶼ûУ֮ǰֽϰһЩɣ˿Ҳ綼˸ɾһ㱻ǵĴˡ
ů𽥽ȼʱʱĴѹֵĿһֱã˯¡
Ůۻ̫Ů壬ȥ˶˾裬ˣһֱ˯
㣬˫ȲмˣҲ첻£⻹˯ġ
ƿһ㴲ᣣȻˡ
˿ﻹû˯ѵˣü΢䣬µʱҲ̽ˣ˲Сϲޣﻹزס£ʵǲ֪ôѡôһλ͵˶ġ
¿ȥϧԭɰ׵Ĳϣڶ˲ٵСݮֺ׵ġ
СԼôϣôϡ
뵽ָ˴ϧѾڣĺߺ˲䡣
~Ҫˣϧۡϧûۣ˵ɤֽģ̲סüۣǻ
һһ˼ûУչȥǼϧͶ⣬һܲס۾ȻͷԼû·
ϧٿľͺˣԼﲻ̧ͷԼǲ̫ˣ̫ŮǲˣҺ»ڶգҪȥۺ󾴲ģǲˣ²һɣ
ôţϧĺۿ£ǲˣˣ˸ºͻʺﾴʱ䣬ô찡
ۼżϧҪˣŰչȥ׼ϧĴǣŵģýʲôôˣ
ϧˣ飬ٿĺ͸ˣӵĿ˿ɫԹԽһ㡣
׵Ĵǣùԣĸ㣿
ţϧƴĵͷ
ЦЦϵ˼䣬ϧĻ˶Ҫ͸ˡ
㣬ǣҺߡϧίͰ͵Ҳǵģյģ£ˡ
Ǳû취ˣĸһֶΣ˾裬˼ҿ϶ϲ˵ѾһˡûѲȥ¸߼ϧСûΪĵ˵ۺء
ҪˣУУҺ£ңϧ~
ҸողǽԹȥĸǽͣǼǺ㡣
棬ģϧۿͮͮĿⲻ֪ӣ۸ˡ
ôģȴޱᣬţҺʱƭ㣿
ǣǾһκòãѾˡ
ã㡣
ǣвһ˸OO@@죬ѹֵĴiϢ
ͼϧѾˡ
ŮǲɵöԼϧ˼־أλĲǵϲҹڵͲ˵ˣڸոգƺ˷¡
ϧ֮󶼺ߵĲȥ̫ŮģôԼЩΪأ
ȳ˺Ի̫ŮûʲôӰ죬ָأԼмܲס
ţϧյĺ


151 
Ҷ⼸ռ, ͽOЩʱûٳϣõҶһַŵ˿ռĺֲһǽ, Ѿʼûׯֲˡ
ҶҲûţڸﻭͭͼֽ, ȥ˾, ˾Ĺæͭ, мܼľ̿ųͲ
ʱҶͰ޽˹, óǱɱһֻ, егɱƬ, егɺƬ, ׼һųԡ
ʱѾͣҲ齴ģټҶ, 齴պϻǺܼ򵥵ġ
Ҷ, ͹ˣȻͼҶŪͭŪ˸ʲô
ҶЦЦ, ˵ͭⶫܺõ, һ֪ˣԷ
һ𣿡޻ɸԡ
ҶЦ⡢̲ˣһ֪ˡ
ʱ, ɫOҲӹ, Ҷ䲻żýOȥϴ裬·˽ͭĲˡ⣬ȫŵʯϡ
Աߵ˵ƣŮǻóݣʱ治ôȣ紵ʺԻ
Ҷ޺£һOҲȹˣôԷˣĶģͦġ
ҶЦЦ˵ģ㿴ô
ֵͣͦģҲûеôԷOʵ
ҶЦЦߵС˵ȥ˽ľ̿н
ǣСܵķɿ죬һͽȼľ̿˹ӡ
Ȱľ̿Žȥ˵ҶЦ
ȻվҶӽľ̿еͭС棬һЩľ֮̿ͭˮ㿪ʼˡ
Ҷ͵һˮˣܽͲ˷ŽȥˣȻմĶ˽Сϣ֤ϲԡ
ļٵģڳⷽ棬ȷʵ츳޸̾ҶŪĳԵģûвóԵġ
ҶЦŵһۣұķҲ츳ĺòã
УҶţ˰ɣƲƲ˵
Ҷһ⻹࣬ˣϽ⡣
ֻͭˮднȻһνеζʣµıȫСˡ
Ҷָָϵļӣк⻹Լŷţ˲ЩûиǷţԼǶԵġ
˵ţҶ˽˴С⻹飬ּ˲ٵŵͭͭﹾཹཱུðO˶Ҷ䶯
Ҷ۰Ͱ͵ĶԼЦ԰ˣеմŶ˽Ծͺá
˵ţԼһӣСϻһڳԵҶ䶼ˣζĩ֮öûԹͭˣ̫ˡ
OҶˣԼҲһӣOҲЩУ⵽СһԵ˿У󽪽O۾ˡ
ζر𣬺óԡO۵
Ҷգգ۾ЦǱģϲʳ֮һǿԣһЩȥ
ҲϲԣûôóԹͷһ룬̧ͷҶ䣬ˣԺʲôҾͳʲôҲ̫óˣǲر򣿡
ҶЦҡҡͷ治ǣСϺóԣټʣǺͲһԣóԡ
Ҷ˵ţѹʣµеԼһЩ⣬˶ͰײҶ
ѧˣҲˣŹཹཱུ֪ͭͣû죬ǵҶ䡣
𣿻жʵ
ˣһɫˣģ΢һóԣаɡҶЦ
ãҾͲˡ˵ţ޾ͼһ룬в⣬Եر𾢣СʹԵʣرĿθ޿ûٳԡ
ȸǳԵû˵ų룬ðߴͭƿ
ĺóԣҶ䣬ûˣҲҪ˽ôģܲܽ̽ңҲڼܳԵ˫ֺʮҶգգ۾
Ҷ䱻ŵһ£Żңͭ׼ˣԴףһף̫ŮһףԼһףСϣҾͽôơ
㣬Ҷ䣬湻˼ģҿ϶ĸʻлʽ˵ĺûСȰȸͣϾİͭ⣡
˰㣬Ͻ԰ɡҶʧЦҡҡͷּʲộһЩߦȥ
𣿡ʵ
Сټ⣬ҲһҶЦ
ҸߵҲٳڳⷽ棬ڶҶķڷѣûܱȵҶԡ
һˣСϣһȥ޶Ļˣ̫ϲͭˣһѧСϵ밢ǵϳͭ⣡


152 
Ҷǳ֮, Ҷʹȥ˳ѵСϵĶ˹͵ŵĥõ齴, ģڻ, Ҫõʯʡ
˵, Ҷʯ˹, һѰõĻŵʯ棬õĻ飬һĻ㽥˻
Ҷ俪ڽ͵νĶ˽, 齴ռ, ռ˷, ζ, ȻҲԸԼϲѡ齴ǶŻһζԼѡŲŴк⡣
ô򵥣ʵ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ, , ô򵥣ȥԾ֪ˡ
УͭҾ, ĸʺͻʽҲͭ⡣Ц
ţ߰ɡ
Ҷ佫֮, ɫͺˣصϴ裬˴ɵ˽Oߡ
Ҷ˹, ŽOO, ն̿ʹˣǶþûзˡ
OЦҶĶ⣬кüգղġ
Ҳ~Ҷһһȥ
OҲܾҶ˺һŷſOԴϢô⣬ûԹ
ţȽϺóԡҶ˵ּ꣬Ҵҵȥ
ڶһ磬OҲҶһˣڹǱ˶ţO֮㼱Ҵҵȥ˹
һߵޣгϸ˶˽㣬˵ͭ÷ԼôˣЩޱȥ÷ˡ
˵ߣΪϧǲԲûлʡ׵ϰף⼸ռϧڶסĻǰȣЩӦĵǶá
˿̵鷿£˵޹ȥ÷ҲȻͬˡ
Ϊոɲãûа̫ѹϣ鲻ࡣ
˽Լƻص˲ϧһ鷢ü䣬ôûȥߣ
û檣Щۣûгȥʵ飬һȥ»лʺʱſˣҪ飬û¶Ҫ͵һ
ãĻȥ÷ڱ׼׼ɡЦ
ģ檿Գˣϧ۾ˣ˵鸮ʱҲܵĺϣÿµĳһʮ壬ǿԸĸ׺ͳȥ㡢ģû뵽빬֮󣬾Ȼл
˵ͷţ㻹û޶ǼҲá
ðߡϧ˷ܵ
һ˾޵ĸȥˡ
ڳļϧ͵͵䵽ڸŵĳϣƺ鲻̽Եʵ£ܲ͵͵棿
Ĵ䣬ָڴ˵㣬㺬Цżϧ
ϧٿĺˣոյĶײˣÿηµʱ
ϧָŤ˺һߣɿŤͷһڣȫպˡ
΢䣬ã뿴㿴ɡ
лл£ϧ΢
æһĳó¶һ϶Լͨ϶⿴ȥ
ǵĴ֣аС̷̯ˣ֮֡
ϧһ·ЩĽЩɵİգתһ룬ԼױʳʧȥЩ֣ʵҲӦõģϾ˲ʲôռϡ
ʱ˱㵽޵ĸۡǰ
ȻŮȵı˳ŵϡ
ϧҲæ˳Σǽ޸ۡʱѾҴҵܹˡ
ʽ㡢ɩ߰ɣȥԺմҶҪһϣѾھһҹˣȥóԣǻܽʡЦ
˵ͷˣ߰ɡ
ɩһʽɣϢϢ˵ţԼӹ˼ϧĻǰȥ
ϧҲýյĴû޵ĸۡأǻŮĸۡ鸮Ҫı԰һͷ
ʱһ˱ȥ޵ķ޵ķ˼ӱ齵£˽ȥ֮󣬽һأ൱ڷȻĿյ
мԲϰڷһϣõгһһģЦʽ㡢ɩһ·ϺȰɣȳԵϽʡ
ϧ۾ˣְֳָָϣ
ϧ֮ǰ˵˵ⶫرóԣ֮ǰûҲֻǵһοϵӡ
ЦЦԣҶֳϣɩ԰ɣɺóˡ
áϧ߿˵ͷϧŸæߵߣһϣϵɫܺ죬ҿž֭ˮ
ϧҧһڣ۾ĳͷóԡ
ü䣬ϲͶԼ飬޶þ
ţϧûԼأԣæסĵͷ


153 
ϧһĿͣ, ޼ԣЦʣ˰ɩ, һͻʽعʱȥɡ
ô˼ϧһ䣬æҾͲ, ллá
, ˷ŵ, ûȥҲʵġЦЦ˵
˵˻ޱ˰ͭ
üëЦʵǺ
Ҷ·ͭ, һ, رĺó, ԾͺҪһͭ, СϵҲʵˣʽ㣬˵, ڴ, Ҫⷽ棬Ҷ˵ǵڶû˸˵ǵһ޶Ҷķڷ
Ҫô԰ϧ۾ֱĶͭ, ȷҪôá
ʱһһͲ˱, ˶̿
̿ɡ޷Ը̴꣬ӽľ̿ŵͭײС棬һˮͿʼðˡ
˽С϶, ͵齴ͻ϶ɵĽϣԷһЩ顢顢, ȹ˾ܷ͸ֲˣ֮պСϳԾͺá
ϧǺԣһͷ󣬸ɴͿʲô͸ŷʲô
޿ѧôˣˮˣ˲ٵȥʽ㡢ɩһˣպСϳˡ
ܺó𣿡ϧЩɵϾǰˮֻ˴нΡ
óԣǿѾˣаɣ˾֪ˣܺóԵġЦ
һ⣬ѧ޵ӣϻһŷ뵽˿УȻ˼úܺóԡ
̬˷ϲŭɫ˵ûֳֻ̫ǵͷ
ϧֱӱˣó԰Ҵû⻹ôóԡ
Ϊ⳴ѾĳԷˣû뵽ųԸóԡ
̲ҲóԣɩЩЦ
ţҲˡϧԵӹĹҵģЦüۡ
һٷ˳ԵرĿģǼϧԵûԹϺͭ⣬ߵʱ򣬻һͭӰϡ
˳Цʵˣ
ϧæĵͷţãʣİϻҡ
ϲҼҶ䣬ҪЦ
ϧæĵͷϲϲ
ãȹգҶҪһЩ
£áϧæʺƿš
΢΢ôһ仰ˣûбʵʵıʾ𣿡
ϧ͵͵һۣһڴĿϧ΢΢Щ̣ٵĴһ£㺦ߵİĻ
⼸գڶʵͦĵģʺÿչȥ밲ţ޵ﲹʳﻹرĺóԣصǣڴϵʱе㻵ƽʵõģؽ˿񡢲ϻ䱦ѡ
ƽ˵Ҳģû𷣹Ҳû׹ЩüϧЩʵԽã;Խ飬Լܣʱ򶼾Լ䲻ôá
Īĺۿɫ΢ʵôö˶˵ģҪޱˣţ
ϧ˲䣬סûûʲôЩˡ
ǻȥ֮ЩϢЦЦ
ʱҪȥ£ûڶʱĶֻʣ˼ϧ
ϧߵһŮңյ˼ϧߣūﱨƽ𣿡
ϧü΢ʲôʱȥˣ
ǹŮżϧЦЦˣջڵүˣū澳𣿡
ϧ˰أսսĿǹŮ㣬ǡ
Ļϧû˵ס죬߶µĿǹŮ
ǹŮżϧ˵ͷˣū澱ȥˣҽŵơ
ϧǲģԼĸĸЩԼĸֻ֣ýƸŮ
ŮżϧЦЦū澶Щġ
˵ţŮ첽߳ƫ
Ůһߣϧűӳôã㲻Ⱑ
ǣҪǲԼ᲻СԼ᲻ᱻǺϣ¡
һ뵽ϧͿ޵ĸˡ
һߣ£һŮҴҵĽŮ֮󣬼Ҵҵϵ˼䡣
Ҳ˼䣬Ůȥ
Ů߿ôˣ
סˣ뿴ܲٵһ㡣˹ǡ
΢΢ףȷЩ飬òˣҶǱٶһЩѲӪˣԷʱ֮裬⣬פڳǽӪҪʱ׼
ǣĸʡæӦ
صʱ򣬾ȥ˲ûʲôĿǱȥˡ
˶ϧƿ˴ᣣͼˡ
תһһ㿿ʵʲôû˵ϧȴˣǹŮƣ˹
ϧԽӣͨһ˵ϣűӳҭҭ檣
ַ˺£ô֪߿ϧʵ
ϧˣϧȻ֪ģǹŮȷʵǼϧųġ
檣ûµͣߵĹŮƽϧսս˵һҪû˰ɣ
˵ͷɣû㣬ֻùŮȥŶѣؾš
ллл¡ôԼϧھˣҲˡ
յĻϵȹϧʪˡ
ǳЦһĪˣ˰ϸ㱧ЩĶҲܸһЩ
£áϧű˵ֻϧֻϧԼһᱩ¶ʱ϶ˡ
żϧĺ󱳰⼸յദҲϧʲôԸ񣬵С̰ԣûʲôۣһˣԱضڼϧЩŮֽţӦðˣǸŮ֮һ
Ѿ˰иŮˣⶫİոռϧǹŮĶԻһֲı˸
֪ϧӦǲЩģΪԵʣֲòôֻ֪ԳԺȺȵСãĶͨôأ
̾˿СãʺÿտĵĲźãþ촦²УȻĲôϴģҲġ
ϹüϧֱӳԣϧĨĨᣬĳȻЩϣϧ˲٣ֻøԲˡ
ʱǹŮˣصƫʱû뵽Ҳڡ
ǹŮæ°񣬡ū澲μ¡
Ҽǵǰ˰ɣȥĶˣüʵ
ص£һظƽū澱ȥˡǹŮ򶨵˵
˵ͷţǱѳ빬ŵƻɣͬ˵˵ɣӦҲܵǼ򸮵ɡ
ǣ˺үһаãСҲãõġǹŮæ
Ǿͺáϧһ䡣
ϵʱСǱѣʱԱߵķϴ衣
ֻмϧŮһǽˡ
һŮɫһסһ䷿ҰһŮһСҩ˳ֱӽ䵹һС
ϧ죬ᶼųˣȴҼг
ǹŮżϧЦЦүͷ˶ã̵ѣǴˣӦū澵˼
籱Ǳִ˼ΪԵʣ߾Ϯŵĺ˲ء
յϢסˣ˵ϡ٣òͱĺӦϣûлλˡ
鼱֮£ѽƻǰ˸֪ǹŮڽҹҪ˻̫ŮӶʹþǳ׻ңõͼֽ˳ǿȴ˵Ԯ³֮ҲὫߵظøˣȻЩǺ󻰡
ǵ֮
ϧˣԼȰ˵붾ѣϧˣָô죿Լϣ᲻ҹɱԼĸĸ㣿
ϧરવĵ
ǹŮȴżϧЦЦӦôĸĸ¾Ҫȥˡ
ϧŵ˶રવĵ
ãѾϴˣ˸ɾȹŮƵԲߡ
߿ϧϧۿǺͮͮģɫ΢˷Χһ˿˿ĹŹ֣ģƫİκεӲЩ۾
ֿޱˣѱЩϢɡ˵ţֱϵѣնѣϧɫ˲Ͱˡ
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154 
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żϧЦЦģΪβܺȣ
ͣ, ϳĶ, »ĪҪˡϧֶڷ
ϧߵŮһֱͷ, ȴ͵͵ڿ
ֽߴ˴, ޷ϰÿһѣصġ
˵, ʢһ, ȥ
ϧᶼ, վ, װûվȣ˹ȥ
Ҳ˳Ʊڵء
ۼֿĽϧ˻ͷ˻ƺڷ
Ȼ˵ʲô, Ů֪ʲôʱ, ж˶һذף˹
ͬʱƫӰζ, Ȼ֡
ƫصš
еһŮҽһ, ļﱻУһƮİȻΧ
һŮĺ󱳴, Ҳһ˰Χ
ŮҲǳص, ˣԾмλưΧɱ
ܿϧ֧һ㱻
˿סĵһʱ䣬㽫Ůж£첻ҧϡ
һȥŮĿȻʹ˵ĿˡҴ
ž綾ҧ֮󣬼ɥ˶̡
£ҵˡǰõǰ
ǹ˹Ȼ˶ϴα˫˵ʱЩ̿ͱڴ򶷲£ԾģǺúݵİ
ϧſûҶأ⻰ϧŵֱӹ˵ϣરવĲͣᡣ
Ƴһۣû˵ǿǼ빬ʱЩŮٶЩ⣬£ߵĹŮȫץһһģú̲顣
˼Ƭּ̣ˣ˺úò̿͵׾¶ںδǵ׾죬Ҳȫǲǵ׾Ҳ¡
룬У̫ҽԺųϢ˵̫Ůأе̫ҽȫҹ빬⣬˸ĸʴţʱˡ
ǣ£ȥš˵ţͽŮһ˳ȥ
ϧɵˣʵĿ廹ڷ
ǹ˹˼ϧ°ͣôˣϻڷأñ²£һ֪ˣж
ϧŵøæûûУ£ҲǸ֪Ҫ¶㣬檣檺£檼˻ڹأǻҼ֣~Ĳͬı
£ԼҲ֪ߵЩŮ˰Цʵ
Ҳû취檵ļ˻ڹ⣬檲ҷҲ˺£~
˵ͷԹƫţһˣ
˵ţ˽붾Щɶ֤߱ݡ
£һЩҪѾ˽ֻΪĲˡ
ͬʱѾҹ˾ӪıļׯӸǰһ춯͵ؽЩ˴ȻˣǵһЩ֤С
ĸŵİԴֻҪյﴫϢǱ֪ͨѲӪ˽Χ
ͬʱǱߣѾյ̫ŮΣϢ
ı鷿ıڽ¡
ׯϵЩˣڱǶ֣ȽеһЩջ٣ɿֻţЩ߻ϣһͬȼݡ
Ѿȥˣֻû뵽ô˳ǼϧЩ£סģߵҲҵֵĻᡣЦ
ڻǸ˵ʱǽҹҪŮȫɱֻ˵Ǵ̿Ϊǽȼݣȳ䶨ѵϵϵֻʣˣЩǾɣҲ
룬ıּھʹ˽ְΧˣҶץţҪڣҪеiͼֽ
ǣȥ졣˵ţ㼱ҴҵĴһ˳ȥˡ
ʱҶְ㱻˸Χ
ΪҪڣûдû𹥣Ǵֱȥְš
ŵС˺͸ҲһʱѾӽʱˣʲô˻ţ
ʲô˰ôš
ҪҪȥͿ
Ǳ˰ɣˣȿ˭Ҫˣ˱ǣô˿Ϣ
Ҳǡ
ŵС˺һ£ȿ˭˵һҪǹˣȻǵøϽȥҶġ
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ͬʱţǿŵСֱƵڵء
һǳʲôˣȻô
ߣ뿤ȥϺȲ裬ˣҽȥˡ˵ţĽһ˿УǼŵС˺͸㱻ɱˡ
ҶԺص
ˣˣ˴븮ˣЩڣнˡ
Ҷ佫Ŵ򿪣һſš
Ҷ䱾û˯ѣһ⻰˹ҺͽOȥԺݱܷͷʣµ㽻ˡ
˵ţҶȥҲһ˼ҴҵȥԱߵһԺ䣬иС˵ҶԭסԺԴ
ҲҶȼ֮ǾòȣǰŮһǿзû뵽ˡ
ʮҶڴŵСԺﻤʱವƿ
û뵽Ҷ丮еĸһʱ䣬˶Ƭ֮㵹ʮˣ½½˲ͣء
Ҷһοʮ֧ȸǵ˵һִΣµѾʮˡ
޿ˣڶĺ󷽴󺰵ҳ壬ץҶ䣬ƽǧҳȥץˣպһͬɱģһʮҶ£
˵ʱԱԺİÿǰƮƮһƬ֮ɵߡ
Ҳֻǰһʱ侹Ȼסˡ
Ҷʵڷɵţð˷ҶſбķϣΪǶȵ⣬濴ȴܿЩŻѳɱˡ
Ҷֱӽ˳ĻǼ˹ȥ˶׼Ҷ˸ţնҶļʸȴǱеĳˡ
Ͼ̼˱仯ʱǰ㽫һһ
ԼȫѪУų׻ˣ㣬ҪʲôĵմӣҶңŲɱȫң
žһƣֱӽж£Էǰ㶯ѸٵĽСһֱӽᵽҶԺ
ʵǶˣĶñ˿С᲻Լô˭Լ


155 
ǻ, ҲԾࡣ
ĶӣҸոѾ, Ŀûвi뿤áǰæ
Ҷ˵ͷ, , ʣµȥЩ, ǵҪڣҲʡ
ס˵ţǰʹ˳˳ȥ
Ҷ߿, ڵǽӺ, лҪ
Ҷߵһ, ֻǸ°һ, ǿкס
۵Ļ˰죬ŵҶ䣬Ҷ, ȰϽ, ֪֪ѾˣǶһ, ʹҲ챻˿ˣҪʶĻ, Ͻӷˣӻһ
ҶЦһ˵ʲôƨڱץ㣬, ˵˵ɣǽʲô
ȻҶô˵֪֪ϱǴѵĶˣϽңĺš
Ҷߵİ, 򣬲һһá
ǣ
֮󣬳һٵȭߣڴĽš
Ҷ䣬ҵţҳȥˣһɱ㣬ҪȫңǣǴ󵨣δĶӣǶӣ
ԺĽкϣҶôۿţʱкˣǱҪֺȫ۵ĵط
Ѿкûˣڵϣһ鱻˶Ĩһ
˵ǽʲôҶʵ
ǣ룬֪˼ڴԾӲ
ˣҽСָϣһֱ˵ǱһֱָĻֺʲôʱ򿪿˵ʵģʲôʱͣ¡
ЦǱҪģҶҪԼˣɾԲ
Ҷ䣬ңôңҵһŹ㡭Ժٴ
Ҷߵİ˻֣ȻһĨ
ҶߵѾקϵӽ⿪漴ѹְԺʯϡ
һͨ죬ᶼųˣҶĿԹ
Ҷ䵭һְۣɡ
ǿǾѵģɱ˶ͬвһ㣬˵ǿָˡ
һ̣СָһۣһָǷ˳ȥϵ𣬼Ҫʹȥ
˵˵ҶĿ
ءΪﱻĨ˵˻ᶼˡ
ȻҶɲô࣬˵ǰɣ֡
һָ̣һʹ߷ҪҶʹȥԼָȫˣغͲͣϸ£û˸ոյ档
˶ˡҶյϽĶó
ĶձȡҪҪҶ䣬ǿֻҪңֻҪңҸǻˣұ˵˵
Ҷ˴ǣأ㿴ԼǶô˶ԸˣȥƹأʲôЦأæúܣûպ㻹˵ǰɡ
Ҷ˵ţõİɡ
𣬱ۣۣٿҾˣҶ䣬㣬ҰҶ䡣
Ҷû˵ֻʾǰ
ҵ֣ҵֱ֡۵˹ȥ˿̵Ѿָ
ˮѣʡҶûʲô˵
ǣ
ͬʱĴͣΪ׵İѾɱ˲ˣڡ
Ҷ΢΢׵Ȱ˿Ѻǵ˵𣿸ϽȥиҽҽΡ
ǡ
Ҷ䰲˸£ҲѾˮˡ
ԣԸԼѲָ֮ʹǳܵġ
ҶߵǰĿƢã㻹ʣ߸ָҲ֪ҿģҪ˵㻹Ƕ˵ĺãТ⣬ıҲһҪҾͲһˣĺոӦѾԹˡ
Ҷ˵ţҪ֡
æ˵˵Ҷ˵ٿˣٿˡ
Ҷ߿Աߵ̴ӣ׼īֽӡ
ǿСȥٰ졣
мС˺ĽԺʯøɾѪɾ
ʱīֽ㱻ŵʯϡ
O˿Ҷ䣬ڵʣд
Ҷ˵ͷá
˵ţҶֿͷʼ˵ɡ
ҶĿҪľʱæڻ̫ŮĹŮﰲԼˣҪ̫ͨŮ𾩳ǿֻţӶýׯĸ췴
ǽϢ˵ǻ̫ŮأҸױ˾Ҳ֪ôˣҶ˵ˡ
Ҷɫȴǳ˵ǰɣǵƹĻӦüлȥΧ˻ʹȽŮƷŶԣΪʲôҪǲԸأֻǸƷĹɶѣʲôֵǵǵģ
Ҷ仺˿ɣλӲͷָˣ˵ʵ
˵˵ҸͱصĺӦϣ³֮ǻѱߵظøˡκΣ̫ǽiͼֽ͸ǣŴ˹㣬˭룬˭
˵һ䣬Ѿ棬ֵָѪ
Ҷ俪ڵȥøҽ˿ڣ
ǡ˽ҽ˹˿ڡ
OѾոյȫдֽϣֽݸҶ䡣
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ɫҰףǰֵļָմӡ࣬ӡֽϡ
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ǡ
Ҷֿ˿ˣڵҶһЩ˯ˣְڸѲ߷ڣһ춯һ㱨
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ҶҲһ䷿ϢֻȫȻû˯⡣
ׯӵյϢ֮ȫüУúõǹж׼ĽĶ֪ǸöУΧ㺰ɱ졣
Զɽϣǻܶţܼεļ꣬ӪҲ䱸Ҷһʱ뷢Ͳɱġ
ʱ֮󣬾Ǳ߾ͳ䶨ĸȫһʣ
ͬʱӪĽֳһӱͬѲӪһͬΧ˸ˮйͨ
ڸнȴΪھı֧Ԯˣһ±ǰȥ鿴
ǰȥ鿴ļСˣŴһ϶Ļͬ磬ֻϵ˺
æŹغãҴҵĻȥڼ䣬Ϊż˽ˤӡ
үүˣȫǹٱСĸոմŷ쿴ˣˣǵˡС˼Ķ޳ˡ
ϵЦҲԭأһ߿Сˣܣôܣ̫ŮӦڵıŮôйԸң㶯ҡģɱ죡
˵ţ鵶ͱСˣѪ罦УͬеĸһԮˣĪҪ˶ҡģһͬҵ￴
ǣ
ЩҲûа취ˣѾͬıֻıǵˡ


156 
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ʱı˵ſ, ҽŴ򿪣㿴Ļѽҹɫյͬһ, Ϊ׵ǽĶı
, ھЩѾѾǽ, 㻹־ܰɣһ˵һ
, ܣǧ, ȫû, ҹ, ̫Ůްô£ıĶϵĽ졣
ǽЦЦڵ˭˵̫Ůްˣ
ıź˼, , Ҫҡģֵ, űɱȥȥ;ֵǻ, պͱսģ㶼д֮ɱ
ĸҲŵòᣬɴʱҲ޿, Щʵһʱ侹ȻҲûܵ, ľͺӪ˳ɱһ
ı±űľģǺӪƴɱһ𣬾Ȼû·磬һʱ䣬ֻдԹ󾭹·ϣɱ졣
ʱУոǿĻȥס
Ҳĺɱ˲õԤУ㽹ʵʲôҵأֳأ
ūҲ֪ͻȻߵСѾҲ
ѹڼϵĳУҵȥ
һţײˡ
üʵҵأ⵽ô£
Ͻ뿪˾ˡΪ׵æ
ҲߣҪȥҵ˵ţȾҪߡ
Ļһ˹ȥֱӽ˿𣬼˼Ҵҵĸǽ˹ȥ
֪Ů۵˿ܽΧˣššӦñŮ۰رǽȥߵĿԻһЩ
ǼʩչṦɵ䣬߸ߵĳǽ˳ȥ
ʿ˳׷ùκ׼ִ٣ֻеˡ
ۿ˱Ҫзȥֳ˼ӰЩӰͬνýǽͬΧסڷϴ
ЩˣİΪ˷ֹ˳ߡ
Ƭ̣Щ˱һţ˽мܣһһĵ£ֻʣ
ֱӱŵһϣ˽빬С
ʱ֮ſڵĻսҲֹͣıеĸͻҲֻˣ֮ܳŰʱȫ˶ɱ
ɱıȻʬ壬ȫѪС
Ȱ㻹־ܰɣµľҲˣͨı죬Ҳˡǽ
ı߳ɶѵʬЦЦдᣬڲǰһ̣㵹ѪС
ǽûüֹıѾ
ǽֻ˽һ˵ȫץһֱפأŮ۽
ֳôĶϱĸۡҲŵùǺ
򿪳ϵĸϣڷⲽ
ôˣ򿪳Ͻʵ
үǱ߳ˣرΧˣ˺öˣѪˣСĲҶʣֻ˿͸ϽܻˡСɫҰףˡ
򿪳Ϻ˼Բϣô˵ǱʧˣǼ򸮿ô죿Ҫ֪Щܻ֮쵽ŮŮҲĬ˵ģⲻı̫Ůİף˼ˣ򿪳ֻͷĿѣ
үүôˣ򿪳ϵķæʵ
ˣȫˣʧˣѴ̣ϧڹҲҪˡ򿪳˵ţᶼˡ
򿪳ϵķ˸ŵõ˵ϣô죿ϧϧ͵СҪ˰ɣ
ϧĸ˵űԴŮ֮ҲûмŮˡ
ʱĶƫϧŵһֱԲ߷˺ôڵϣſԲ˯ˡ
ǱҲӵϢȫѾʣµļʮȫѺ˹УĳΣȫҹ
΢ʱ֪ͨȥйԱ֪ͨҪٿ󳯻ᡣ
Щƺһ׼·ҪȥμӴ󳯻ˡ
˼ϧ㻹ŹȥһۣϾСõСԼĻҲǶСʹˣڼϧﻹԼģȻҲὫ붾Ѵ򷭡
ţ˰ƵƫƫĴ֨ѽһ򿪣ϧ۾ֿ˿
˼ϧŵúۿ̫Ů˵æ˾ҪԼҪԼ
ôţϧְરવĵԼҲԩɱĹŮɲϵܺã군ˣ
˽Ƶ˽ǰͣϧһֱڵϣü΢΢𣬡һҹ
ϧһ߿ޣһȥɫüϧΪԼˣһʱ䣬޵ĸˡ
ءǲھҪȥͷˣۣܻܲɶƣءϧԽԽģ˶Ҫιȥˡ
ԵŮһۣ˷
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Ůæϧϧ˫ȴˣվס
˻顣ϧһ߿ޣһ߿Ͱ͵
¡æ
ŮæϧԲϣϧŹԹãͷȥ۾
̾˿һȳԵ㶫Ȼϴú˯һһ˵ٹڵˣ𣿡
ˡϧһűӣһ߹ԹӦ
ţߵЩŮȫ˻ˣԺ󣬱㻻źӣҽ̫࣬ǹ˲㣬ԼԹԴڶ˱㴫ţ˱ȥϢ
˵ţֿ˼ϧһۣˡ
šϧš
ˣϧŲԾûҪ˼˵׼ǰٱúһ죿
뵽ϧֱӿ޵
һű㱻˶Ϊ׵ŮȰߵʱ򽻴ˣúóԷ̫ࡣ
ϧһĨһ૵ãܱǿ
˵ţ㶯˿ҪԵ㣡
ǱߣҶһøǼˣͬһˣѺ͵˻ʹ
ҶȥʱȽ磬͹ſڵʿһ£ʿһй飬֪Ǵ£㼱Ҵҵȥˡ
ҶǱ˵ڹſڣвȥĳڿҶߣ˻ϳҶ˵Ķӣȴ˸ȥΪ˵
ǿǱǸǲĴӣôᱻҶˣ
֪˴£˵Ҫı棬ʶˡ
꣬ɲܺ˵ˣǽаɡ
ҲǣҲǣȽȺɡ
϶ǳ˴£ȻһεĴ󳯻ôǰأ
ǰŰɡ
˿ǿعŵĻѾ˵ʱȥˡ


157 
μ¡ʿæ³
, к£üģҲһҹû˯
ְ˵׽һ, ڶѺ˻ʹſڣлĴӡʿæ
ҶǴ˽, , ҶߵĻҲһͬڵ
, ȥʿ˵ţæһС˳ȥ
ʱ, ҶͽOһڱѺŵ˹, һ˺ܿ㵽
ҶͽOȥҪ, ˰, ⶼʲôʱˣЩڱ˰ɣЩô£
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Ҷ˵ţҹһֽһԵŮ١
ŮٽֽŹĳʸŮ, ԽɫԽ̧Ҷʱ, ɫŻһЩ
㵹ʡȥ˲ٵ鷳ſڹеǰҲȫˣˡοĳŽOҶ˵ͷ
ǳӦģࡣ
˵ͷеĲߡ
С˹еĨߣŴڴڵĴָ۵Ҫء
ųߵĸҴˣĴˣԭңԭҺòãҸֳ⣬Ĳҵ£ҵ¡
ĿڰĸҶ俳ָѾܵͷˣһɹĸ
俴££ȥҶ丮iͼֽôҲϵȻͺ˹ᣬiͼֽˣֱﲻˡ
ĸңķϣҡĿ޺
üģţһĴ󳼾
˵ţ֣л˴ȥ
ĸңĲˣĸҵ׹ùð㲻ɱҡ
Ŀ޺˻ߣԶȥ
̾˿߰ɣͬһͬȥϳ
ǡ
Ҷ伸˸æϣȵϳǰҶҵԼλվãOǰһСԣ׼ʱм¼
ڻλǰ֮󣬰ٹٶ˳ݡ
ȣμ¡
Ա΢΢ףλ䶼ɡ
˵꣬ٹվ
ɨˣſڵգҪҪλϵ飬㶼һš
ŵڵ֣ʮ˱Ѻ˴лҽʵҲһЩǸһıʿĻ֮ǹһء
ĸⲻģҸôıأһʲôһʲôųƫͷֿԼҶҲڣץס˾һ㡣
磬˵仰ǸıĶԲԣ˹ݺǲǣ˵硭
ҲˮСãˣȫˣˡ
֮ϲ
˵ţֿ˽O䣬ϵǷݿڹλ
Oæһ񣬡ǣ¡
˵ţǷݿڹҸڻ̫Ů߰ԼˣҪͨı̫Ůʹþǻңʱƹ
ݿڹ൱ᵽı飬ᵽı̫Ů飬ͺ˹ᣬͼӦϵȵЩȫݿڹϡ
Oֲ֮һ䣬ݿڹ׿滹ӡ
OĻ䣬һƬȻ
˼񶾣ȻҰġ
԰ǿƽһҿǶмӣĶ뵽һȺأ
ͺ˹Ұġ
٣ɱɱ
˶ˣǿڹϵĻҲԼĸֳı£ⲻģⲻģ˵ⲻģǲ˱ô˵ģǲǶУ
ˣˡ˵ϣ
Ӧ̱˵ϣô᣿ôµģ
µȫݿڹѾ˵ĺˣλ䣬һ˸ôðɣ׸ǰ󳼡
Թ˳£֪Т£ЩĿı̫ŮˣͼƹλֱҰģ˲¡
顣
Ҳ飬֤֤ڣûЩҳ
ԣ³˲ıˣҳ乫
߿Щ󳼣ĿƽǹȻдϾһˣͲ֪ĸ׺ֳʲôͷβûв롣
һһ桭
ɰ£ܶҳ£
ѧʿ˵ĶԣҲΪý˴
ԴΪأԷΪأ
˿ûвңһȦˣȫ
£ǷĿӦȫնײǣ
ˣ±ôˣճ鳭޻ᰲһطȹ
ҪҪĸ㣬ɱҶ磬ֶӰĸֻһգѾⱲӵȫɾˣڲͣĿͷ
СãˣܿܣˣҪúûţǼֻʣһˣǧҪ벻Ѱ̼ţҪúûȥ˵ҲǼʡ
ҲʱԹٳУ£̫ŮŮа֣Ƿ򿪳һңҲйأ
򿪳ϴӽʼһֱͷʱ⻰֮ŵͨһ˵ϡ
ͳ컧ʱҲɼɴûı˼¡򿪳˵ţѾ亹Ūã˵þҪųնˡ
ǲ˺˹᣿ϳͣԹټ
ҲǴʱȴγˣŮҹ¶ǲ⽫붾Ѵ򷭣Ѿûˣʶ˲ͬ
˵ţּ򿪳ʶ˲ΪӦְڣٲƾˡ
΢΢ףǱ򿪳ϻĹְڲˣٷǧʾͽ䡣
л£л̫Ů£Եڼкú÷ʡ򿪳һ˵ţһߵ˵ϣǼҵǰ;ǻˣڱס


158 
, вı׾졢̴ӡŮȵȣȫȴ󳯻, ̡
ǣ¡ߵæӦ
ٴɨ, ֮ҲǸ޺λ˾, Խ, һײڳְԺҲְֻ
ʥȺӦ͵
ˣյ, ޽ȥ, ̴˱۾, ˻֡
ߵŮ˳
ȸˡ
뿪ǰ, λ뿪
ʱһеʿѺնס
ԼĶҪˣ޺, Ҫ, 磬ɱҶ磬ĸ, 
Ӧ, ĿңƬ֮󣬾Ȼ˹ȥ
Ůȥ̫ҽ, ¿ҪλԼʵµģǧܳ¡
ҶͽOҲڴ󳼳˹, һҹû˯ȻڼｹĵȴţҶͽO˿
һ³Ϳ˵ſڵȡ
ˣôˣʵ
ѾˣıķҲˣǸʬ崦𣿡
Ѿˡæ
Ҷ˵ͷּǸҲ˼С˺͸˸ǵļҾЩȥһɣҲǵļҾο塣
ǣȥš˵㼱Ҵҵˡ
ҶͽOʱ򣬸С˺ͻˮɨԺѪҶͽOֱӻȥˣһҹû˯Ҷȥ֮㵹ͷ˯ˣOҲһһֱ˯硣
Ҷһ˷ȥˣյĹٱ¹ش󣬻ҪԹȥѹصġ
һߣ޻ڰ£һֱæ磬еų䶨
͵ŮھһСԺĽפرأ̤СԺһ
ȻˣרչһӦˮ׼Ҳһ
ݿ£Ҳûյɺ档
СԺĴϳ溰ţҪͷһ̣ҳȥҳȥ
Ȼ˻Ӧ
ʱѾȫȥױˣЩʿὫĲƲ鳭һУһֱӷŮ۵˽⣬ķءӵȵȣҲȫ乫
صʱѾˣһȥȥƫʱļϧսսڴϣ˾ήңڡ
Ż򿪣ϧԾĶһ£սսĴӴϵ˵ϣͷλùá
̾˿תΣĵ˼ϧǰ
һı棬˲֪⣬ɱɾˣЩˡȫѾˡ塣
⻰˼ϧĶֱŵö£ҼأҼôˣԲҵ϶ǹˣòã˵£ʲôԡ
۾޺ˣ˸˲٣̾˿ʲôУ
šϧŰϥǣરવĵᡣ
ְᣬϧˮһԽԽࡣ
ŵȻûıʵжĬ˻쵽ŮУȻվǱߣΪ㣬վԲΪһ˵
֪ģˣϧϲˣһ᲻ҵĶԲԣϧһ߿ޣһͷરવĵᡣ
Žϧۣʱ֪нˣƽﶼҪ㣬ŽС
ϧԺģУֻңҲ˶ͷ~
ĲᣬڵΪ˸һѾ˹ְҴڿʼڲˣ֮⻹һǧʾͽ䣬ôǱסˣƾԭЩƸҲ㹻ʳˡ
лл㣬лл㣬Ҿ֪㲻᲻ҵġϧһﲻȥˣָЦ⡣
߿ǱϾ£ĸʵ˶ҲӦģ´ΣҾٱǣҲٱ㡣
ϧҧԼ´꣬ԹԵĵ˵ͷң֪ģҵĴҲģҡ
Ȼ˿̼˵ٶҲͽͣѾˣԼȻ붾ѣʼգԼҲûվָӺĴ̿ͣϧĿڶٶٵۡ
úϢɡ˵ֶߵŮһϢ
ǣ¡Ůæü˳Ŀȥ
ϧરવĵڵ϶һСˮݡ
Դ빬֮󣬲вз£Ǻ˯һģ
Ҳǣ˭ϲıԼ˯һأ
ϧԽͰરવԽ֪࣬˶ãӵվʱ˫Ѿû֪ˡ
Ҳ봫ʲô̫ҽ㶼ҪˣҪʲôأԼﳼ֮Ůͳ˷Լ˿ԺҲûʸٵĲˡ
뵽ϧһЩʱգôãԲסԼá
һ뵽պбһ𣬼ϧĿȴ۵Ĵ
֪Լô˴ϣҲ֪Լʲôʱ˯ȥġ
һߵһЩ֮ϴ׼Ϣˣ£ԼѾ˺ܴ棬ûǵüϧԣ飬еڶΣɴϧգҲԼú÷ʡʡ
ڶһ磬ţ׼ȥǱͬһ񣬱ŮҴҵĸ˹
£ˣ˸ա
Ʊȥ˵ţַԸߵŮٵȥĸ˵һһȥ
ǣ¡
Ƶ˲ϧһŵڴϣҹûлȹҲûиǱӣôͰ͵һţϻų졣
æϧĶͷֱһƬ̡
ϧѣôͻȻյģǺñӣϽȥ̫ҽ
ԱйŮҴҵĸϧ˱ӣϧֻͷεģ˶ͷؽᣬ߿򴲱ߣԺĿ
ϧȾЦ⣬㣬ˣ~ͷΣǲ
ϾԼǲҪԼôԼ
ţϧֿʼરવĵᣬǲǲҪˣ㣬֪ˣҪ~
ϧ޵ģȥ֣æŰԼ˹ȥ
Щ㷢ˣһ̫ҽˣ¡ϧʾ
ҲҪ̫ҽҾҪ㣬ûңǲǻҵĴˣҲˡϧƺЩԺˣ˵Ļ϶ֻͰ͵Сһ
ֻţˣԼ˯һҹԼڲˣ̾˿
Թ԰Ѳãұ㲻ˡ˵ţϧĶͷ
ϧεģǸܵĶͷ˳Ľͷȥȥƣֱģϧϲ~
ܵͷϵƺҪջȥϧץס󣬡ϲҡ
ֽģҲˣе㵣ļϧͷȷʵ̣øϽҩ²źá


159 
ݼϧץֲȥ, ʱ̫ҽˡ
ϧԸ֣ȷſ, ̫ҽƣ˵Ժţ
ϧί, ϲ˲, ֡
Ůҽٵü˳ĿĲ̧, ȴҲ˻̫ŮŻ̫Ů
֪ô£ȴֻǱȥְ񣬷Щ, ȫ, û̫ŮڳΪ˵
Թ, æ, ƺǷˡ
ǣ¡ҽæȥϧ
Ƭ֮æһ, , ǼģָȾ˷纮úú, ͻȥҩץҩ󡣡
ȴǿڵȵ, ձڶһ£Ҳüʱҽ, дҩǰȥץҩ
, ¡ҽæʱй˽ͷȥӡ
ԸŮˮ˹һԵĵϣʪİżϧŶͷ
ϧͷ۵һ۾תĳ㣬ͷΣܡ
֪Ѿȥ׼ҩˣ۾úһܺúܶࡣ
㣬㲻һûңҺ~
ⲻһֱ𣿡ҡҡͷýöͷϵĺ
ϧԾɲôʵһֱϲȥģüֻۣСһ
ʱйŮҩ˹ϧ˿ҩڵȥЩ۽
ǣ¡ʱüֹ۽㱻˹
ǷԹԺҩòã˵ţŮϧ˫ж㣬û취ϧ
Ůһ𽫼ϧֽ˴á
ҩʢһҩι˼ϧߣ졣
ϧӣŵҩζţֱӰરવĵ
æţ˵ҪԹһôֿޱˣ
ţȡϧ˱۾ͷΣŵǹŵҩζʱ͸ˡ
ԹԺҩұ㲻ˣòãĵĺš
УڱϴҡϧȻͷۣǻԼ飬뿿Ҫ
ãҩˣϴ§һ˯˰ɣƢ
šϧŹԹԵͷüͷݹҩ
ιҩٶȺܿ죬һҩιֽ꣬׼õˮ˹͵˼ϧĴߣЩˮȥȥζ
ϧæС룬һˮȫൽ˿С
һ۽ιžÿûôˡ
ϧӣлˮ㣬~
˵ͷŮȹȥ˴
һ£ϧ˳ƹһţһ㣬û˯ţһ
ãⲻ𣿹Թ˯ɣ㡣Ķͷ
ϧԼָָԼĴ꣬ҲҪ
ü䣬չȥһڣˣԹ˯ˡ
ţϲˡϧ˵ţԼĻıͺܵһ
ʱļ򸮣򿪳ѾϽǧӣĹٷ͹ӡҲȥǮ˵ڣǼҵĵλȴǴǰˡ
ʱȥҵŮѾˡ
򿪳ϼǹˣŵ϶亹ˣѾûԭĵȻֳŮپһ񣬡֪˹ʲôҪ񣿡
Ů߿򿪳ϣԼļˣǶԼ򸮵һһŲ飬ͬйصģһն
򿪳꣬ŵֱӵ˵ϣˣ³ЩбķԸ𣿡
ŮΪ֮εǿڲϣûжǼҳҲʣһΣ¾ٱǼңϣһպܽУٸ鷳
ǣǣ֪˲֪ˡ򿪳ϵ·ʪˡ
Щˣڼ򸮲ʳˣǼ˶Ǻ׵ģһȫŮٴնˡ
Ҳ˵ϣˣȫˡ
ǰǵƷԱǧҪȢĺǬԪҪǽƣϧڶǼҲûδˡ
ϾּڣΪ٣ĸٻ˼һ᲻һǰ;Լأ
ǧ𣬺ܿͻΪȫǵЦ
ϧĸҲֹסĨᣬǸ飬ǵ³ҲҪϧˣˡ
ܰסͲˣպϵһҪβˣмǲٷˣҲһʱͿɴ򿪳ϱ˱۾ʱֻҡ
ϾʱڳϣΪǼҵˣõĽҲǳţû뵽ܱס⴦Ժӣס֮ǰЩҵѾõĽˡ
һֱżϧ磬ڼҩЧϧϳ˲ٵĺ
ʱϧĶͷֺҩЧãͷѾûôˡ
׼ϧĶͷ˼ϧϧѣЩٽ˯
~㣬ߣҺ¡ϧ۾ûأ˫ۻĲ
ḧżϧĺ󱳣ãĶҲȥ㣬òã
šϧ۾ͼüĿ
չȥĴǣ̽Եʵ㣬㲻᲻ҪҵĶԲԣ
ְﰴ˰´Ρ
֪ģԺҲˣһԵġϧæ
ţǰѷ˶˹ջûˣµˡ˵ţ㰲Ź˽˶˹
˳극ĸʽջҹȥأ⼸̫࣬ԼԹԴţҩҪԹԳԣһ㡣
㣬Ҫ߰ϧۿǱСһ
ҪԹҪ֪ûйԹԺҩҽ㲻˯ˡ
Ҫһȵģϻ~Һ¡ϧ˵ҲʵôĹûǾÿģ䣬ԼҲ䡣
ãȥˣһˣǵҪҩϻʷŮ
֪ˡϧίͰ͵Ӧ
չȥĴ꣬һ룬Ȼ㺰˹˹ϴȥˡ
˵ʱƳһۣǸƺģ
ҹһҹû뵽ֱӲˣչһ磬ĸˡæ
ҡҡͷˣҲûʲôԴԼЩҲӦģޱ㽻ȥɣ飬Ѿ޶ȥˡ
ĸʣȥЪЪɣʣµ齻á
Ҳãﴦ£д󳼹౨ֱáüĵ
ǣס
һڵŮ١Ů뿪


160 
һֱæϲŻص, ȥʱϧѾˣȻϧ˻Щû񣬿ҩ, ͷѾûôˡ
ˣϧ۾, , ˣ
, ʱûйԹԺҩղˣʵ
кҩֻͷЩΣ, ֪ˡϧ
Ц˼, תε˴, һ, ϧͲ˹öͷ, ̲ˣ
һ, ϹԹԺҩӦñˡ˵ţڼϧϲ˲䡣
, 㣬, Ӧˡϧ
ţȥϴ裬һ÷һ, ƣĺܣ׼ˮԡ
ԡʱ, ϧ˯ˡ
Ů澰ͷתε˴ߣִ˴ϧĲѣ˯
~㣬ϴˣϧ۾ۿ
ţɣСЩվͱϴˣĲټˡ̾˿
ţġϧɵ˵
ʱ㱻Ůѵ£⼦ְ͹ģ⼸ձº͵ֻ࣬ū澱˼
˵ͷҶ䵹ˡ˵ţֳϧЦЦҶ͹ļãһЩ
ţ㣬ҲЩϧæ
š
ǣһļͼϧ˾Ȼȫˡ
˼ֻȫůģһյƣҲ˲٣Լ˫Ҳһů⣬Ҫ֪˫Ѿܾöû֪ˡ
ϧľҲ˲٣Ҳ֪ǲĴܾҲˣƺѾˡ
˴֮󣬼ϧ㣬Ϻˣǲǲúҩˣ
˿ĶͷȻѾˣЩģȻٺһҩ̹̣
ٺ˽㣬㶼ֻ˶ͷ϶ûһ֪ˡϧ˵ţץַŵԼؿڡ
ȥĴ꣬㣬̲̣
ɫ䣬ùԹԵģûأҶ
Ѿû˽㣬ٶ㣬ϧһҹءһ˵һȥģյߴϢ
һѰסĺ˵ԹϢ𣿲ˣϽ˯
ҪҺ㣬~ҪˡϧɲͣĲ⹴ĺ󾱡
ʵڱֵû취ˣŽ˰ڻǣһֱϧۿˣŰɿ
¹𣿿˯𣿡˼ʵ
УҪ㣬ǲãһ±㲻ˡϧ˲䣬
УһҪǰɣĶŻˡ
ϧգգ۾Цŵ˵ͷš
һ룬㱻ѹ£ȻˣǱﰮúβ
ǣڵ˯£ڶˣ֮ϧſ˯㣬ü䣬ԼĶͷϧģȷϧٷˣŷ
ŮǷԼ£ȴûѼϧϣȷʵеˣϧҲ
ʰԼȥǱߡ
һߣҶȴ⼸ձæŴ飬鶼ŵ˺ߡ
ҶУɽOȴǺæϾҪдٱѸ£⼸գٱնдġ
ҶûڸϢգ㱻н˹
̵ҲڣҶæǰ񣬡Ҷ䣬μ£μ̫Ů£μ¡
޳˰ۣƽզҶôòأ
ɣҲûˣЦ
л£֪óҪԸҶʵ
˵ͷ¼򿪳ϱ˻һְƹҴѵĲ˰աũɣǸҪĲţҶ䣬ҪƼѡ
ҶҡҡͷеĴϲȫأôѡƼ
¿鿼죬ѡ˱ѡҶЦ
Ѿ˰͹𣬵ѡЩˣ޶⡣
Ǿѡѡٺλһ±ˡҶЦ£ôҪһѡˣɲ
ЦЦѾѡˣֻˡ
ҶεЦЦǾͺãǾͺá
εı޶;Ƕ˱ˣ޵Ů¹شѻλý˵
Ҷ䶼ˣڶƷˣҪǲǳеĶƷԱˣ
һ¹ش൱ںĲ飬ǵÿŶΰҶɲɡ
ҶӺ󾱣Цѵ˵Цˣûʲô£ϲЩЩ߲˹Ϲ᲻ЩףңӦҲͬɣϾûʲô
ѣЦǸ٣˼Ҷø˻ˣ㻹أ
ǳѣǳʵûƹôһŵĲܣҪ룿ҶЦȰ
ˣ¹شȻԼ˵Ǿͳ죬޶ڻƹܣҲʡЩģҶ䣬ɲƴˡ
ҶЦŮ۶ô˵ˣֻӲͷƤˣȻ¶ô˵ˣǳԵ߾ܣƹܺû
Ŷ޵Ů;޶ҲǽãպǸҪֲǡ
ǣǱ½̻塣
һҶͰ͵ĴȥȥʱϿͰ͵ģһձ˵ı顣
·ĹԱΪҶ䰤ѵˣⲻ֪ҶΪְˣûʱ˶ա
Ҷ̾˿ȥ
˿̵ЦЦҶƹֻܻƽ̫ɢˣ⺢ûʲôۣպ޲ˣǣҲܰġ
ĸĪҪ˵ءæ
ȴЦҡҡͷľ˫ûϣ˵Լȥй徲ˣľĻ̫Ůȴѽޣֲġ
Ǹúӣ鼱꣬ϲ£Щ٬ȷʵʵ۵ѡ޶ʺҲһֱûΪ̫Ůԭ
⼸꣬Ѱҽţܲܽ˫κãҲһεκһֱɫ
޾ᣬպҲ˵£Ҷ䵣λãҲǰɡڵ
Ҷ϶û⣬Ҫ˸ֵը̣϶ݺʰЩˡ޶ҶǺĵġ
Ȼ֪ǸˣˣסΪ飬ӦòʲôӡЦϾйˣնˣʱ㣬˿϶Ǽβˣ±ǣ


161 
Ҷӹص, һ˵ӣȻΪڹﱻأæʵ, ôˣôô޾ɵģǱ㣿
Ҷ䶼ޣҪ𷣾ͺ, ȥ顣
ǲǱ˴ŵҲĺô, 鲻Ǵ𣿡һĲ, ˾ܵģʲôٶʤΡ
Ҷߺ, ΪپǺ£պûֵʱ, һúЩ, ʲô¶ѽ, ӵͷˡ
Ҷ˵ţٿ˼
ȶЦˣ, ٳ, Ǹ˿϶Ϊˡ
ߺߣлл㰡, 鲻ãȥͳ˵, ɱֻҪͭⲹһԼҶԽ˵Խޣ˰Ļ˷䡣
һ, ֹˣ, ҪԻǸһЩȥ
Լһ룬ͷˮҲ£ʣµһ붼ȥɣôȣԲ˿ɱ˷ˣǺöҶ
ˡʧЦҡҡͷǴϿףСϵСһ
ʱȾԽʣµİ˹ȥʱæûڸ޸˽ŵﱣʡ
Ȼ˳޸Ҫһӵı飬Ҷ鲻ãСЩ£ҲܺһЩ
Ҷ˸OϢýOԷһȥɻ
ʹ˸СӣԼԺſڣʯһĶԶ͵ŽOء
ǽOûߵԺأԶԶͿҶСϹԹԵԼ߿
Oü䣬ǬԪôôɰ
Oӿ˽ŲʱߵԺſڣҶͰ͵Цôˣһüӣôڹﰤѵˣ
ҶҡҡͷͱŽOûУ㶼֪жңԺûʱˡ
Oٿľͺˣ󻹸ŮأԺģҶôԼˣ
OûҶƤæҶ䣬лط˵§§ģʲôӣ
ұԼķˣû˵ġҶ˵
Oִһ£㻹뱧˵ģ
ûУҲҡҶʵʵ˵
OЦˣҶ֣һطȥ
ðɡҶɿ˽OOǣŽ˷䡣
OļСѾߵڷ棬˶һۣȻͷִҶ͵Ц
Щʵ˽ҲЩСѾ߶þǵЩŮС޵ˣ֧СȥְڸʱҲСΪȣʲôСģЩ˶֪Ƿ˵㡣
ǬԪ̫ټˣƫƫСˡ
Ҷ˷ͱŽOO군ˡ
ô˽գճˣҶɲǸģЩʷԹٳܶܳӮľˣ
ȥ飬ƴ˰죬ǸҰˡҶſڽOĲ˺üڣûչȥһڣȻֱOһ¡
~
OһۣҲã
ûУҾһ¶ѡҶСš
OʧЦҶĶ䣬㵹Ȥ˰ͲǸλأ㻹
ţôһţԺҶûʱˡ
ѽƽվ̫ˣҿ㵱ͦãʡڼûOЦºˣԼҪȥҶҲȥˡ
㻹ЦҶίˣУһöԵйߣҶ߷ߵ
OЦˣˣ𲻸ˣ˵㡣
Ǻðɡ
ҶֱŽO˻˰ͭҶһٳ˺ö⣬Ȫͺóԣټ϶˽ļӳɣҶûٳԡ
OҲһO绹ȥûҶǳԵô
O緹ڸ˯һͼҴҵˡ
ҶڴᣬһĿˣ˽죬ҲȥϹˡ
ʱҶвסһ⣬һϣһЩȥ˽ЩʱսO࣬ûôȥ
СһһҶˣĵĲУСȾ˳ȥҶ㣬Ҷ㣡ҴóԵû
Ҷ䶼ЦˣģҴԵϹ벻ԣ
ԣСһСִ
ҶЦŶҪôң
ҶˣϲҶ~СһﱧҶĴȾһҶ䶼Цˡ
ˣǻȥϡҶ˵ţͱСһȥ˰ȻԺ
ȻҶˣЦҶ䣬ͽOЩʱûˡ
Oƹܹٱϵ̫࣬ûʲôʱпգ͹һӣó԰ɡҶЦ
СһקקҶ䣬ѵҶ㣬Ҫϣ
ҶСУ͸С
Ϊ˷ҳԣҶֱ˼ӹȥƤֱӽȿеӾܳԡ
оСһ˷ˣŮ˶ͯԼһӳԵĺǿġ
ҶҲһ߳ԣһ߿Сһ˵Сһֳһ㣬Ǻܿɰˡ
ȻҶϲСӣЦŴȤȻôϲСӣͽOҲϽҪһ
ҶӺ󾱣Цż˳Ȼ
ǺܿɰϲҽO
Ҷ˸OϢ÷ôҲܾһۣСһҲˡ
OһԺ͸оǰһϾͶһСӡ
OЦôô죿
ˣ㶼~Сһ죬ԽOпߡ
OСһﱧȴúǰҪǼСӱǰ˲٣Ҳ㣬ֻ̫æˣȹհӵסһӺòã
ҮСһ￪ĵĲУﲻкóԵģкöСȥ˻
ѽôɰOཱུСЦ
һСķ˱˹Ҳˡ
ȻҶ仹ǲôҲ˵̫̱Ļһ˻һԸġ
Ҷ伸ĵĻȣû˴±ɴûһˣҲǱµĽˣ⻧λÿˣǺö˶ڶţǱ߿ѡˣ
OýſڱҶԭЦϣһϵģ
O֪˵ʲôˣǵģ֮ǰ͵Ҷ䣬ڻĺĺҶȥְء
ҲΰʻѡôŮһ͵ЦһһҪҪӣ
ûȥҶ䣬Ҷ²̨OЦʲô˼º͸¶ˣ͵˵˵ģҿ϶ˡ
O̧ͿҶһίͰ͵ģûסҶķ˶ڿOĶһ죬һŵһεĻ飬𣿡
ôܣ¶ˣȻͽҲһŵı鿴Ҷ䡣
ϾְֹϾͷˣ־Ѿλ˳ĸ߹ˣһλöǰȥģôҲʮڵΣû˵ĸҵôġ


162 
½ѾҶ빬, Ѿˣ͵մ󳯻ءOҶһۣЦŽ͵
Ҷ, ôˣ˻ͣλʵȻҲЦʵ
ҶƲƲ, ûʱˡ
ȻЦҡҡͷ, ͸һ, ͳ컧㣬Ӧø˲, ֻء
֪Ҷ, ǰȪò, Ȼ, ʹ˱
ҶͽOȥϢˣҶϴ˸裬ϴſ, һ뵽ԺҪô, ˡ
OϴͼҶſ
Oһ߲ͷһЦ, ҲҲȥҲûʲô˵ģ㲻ڸֲЩֵֹĹ𣿻þǹũɣ, ʺ𣿡
ҲġҶſţһ˼ûС
Oͷ˾˴ִ˴Ҷ, ҪҪҰοһ㣿
ҶȤˣӴ, Ҫ
OҶĶ⣬ѽЩôȤ
ˣһ춼ˡҶһһȥ
ҪԼǬԪOϸҶҲݣҶº
ڶһ磬ҶͽOһͬ˹
˵ǰ֮ûһ͵ˣٹ°֮󣬾Ϳʼ
Ҷվڶ涼ˣô͹ϳһĥڴ󳯻һΣУȻ϶ܲˡ
Ҷʱ򣬾
Ҷ䣬Ϊ飬Ժͳ컧ڹְλȻ˽㡣
ǣл¶䡣Ҷæл
˸ɣ˻Ϊܰأû뵽Ҷ˺Ϊ飬ǻںУҲը̣ˣһʱ䰲
ԹٿɲЩһ⼸˳
£ҶŴйᣬʤλһְ
ҶûôԹٵĻ˵ôеֲ£ȷʵʺϹŰȥɣҲûŵʲô顣
ɫȴ񣬿㿴Ķʲô£ıʴ췴˽ͨˣһǳĶ£
˿ּҶأǾ޵Ůʹñ߹ʿ٣Ҳʼɵǣ׵ɧҴѱ߾֮ҶֲϣĽЩ֮ʳϵһλ䣬Ҷز
ٴΰոձĳӵԹҲʼð亹Ͳ÷ը̵ģ
ǣǳˣǱ¿ǵȫԹæһ񣬻˻ȥ
ĿҶ䣬ЦҶ䣬Ǵ飬ޱ㽫ˣϣպܴΪ롣
ǣСҶæּл
³֮󣬲ٵĴ󳼶¡
ְ飬ͳһ˽ֹŹٱƹܴ·λɶǱǰĺ˰Ժɲǡ
ɲô飬ǵһμ
˼ҿԼҲб£֮ǰȫܹɽҲûô
ǰҪ˵˼ҾţҲֲñ
һߵҶ䣬˹ٷ͹ӡȥ˻Ρ
ԼĹģеȫ칫
Ҷһ𣬹ǰʱƬ֮˲ЦŹϲҶ䡣
ҶˣǻһЩڣд˻ҪƹܵĸˣȿЩµ飬ʲô飬ܷԸͺáЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷǺá
мλϣ˾ЩԱʣҲﴨѧλɡ
Ҷ䴽ǹ˹ܿ鰡е˼ҶͻȻȤ
ǣһʱ䣬Ҷ䶼ڿܣһ˱һѵ鵽Ҷǰ
ˣЩⶨõݣλɶѾĿˣǩϹӡ˳ʽˡǸ¼СЦ
Ҷ˵ͷɨЩֽţڵλ㽫Щ˵˵ɡ
ļĹҶô˵ʱͿһ£ﴨѧܿվЩ֮ǰѾ̶ˣûģֻҪϹӡܽˣֺο˷ʱأ
Ҷȴ߿ﴨѧǰһֱ˳ȥɢһء
ˣ¸Ǹ߹ٺ»ΪշǵģΪ˽ģУպЩ飬ȫҪͷҪ֮ҲŻϹӡ
Ҷ仺˿ּҲǰʲôëҲҲǣԵֱӴǹٲɣȥǵ
ҶһĴ氲ѻȸЩ󳼸һĵͷ˵ŹȥհǰͲúƲϵĶϸϴأ
ﴨѧҲû뵽ҶôֱӷˣæЦϢŭλͬҲǵĴ˶ԻҲϤԲŽȫֺٳʸλҲһ⡭
ˣʡʡɣЩƨҶ˵Ҳ㶵ȦӣҲڵʱôµģǻ飬ֵҪʵµˣֻ˵ЩûӪĳꤻǲϽ죬²Ҫֻڵˣ𣿡Ҷʵ
ﴨѧˣǰһ˵ģɴûôѵǣҶ䣬ֱ޷죡
ֲҷҧӦ¹֪ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷָָɢһص飬ڵڿʼô˵ôˣЩ鶼˭ģһһĽϵݣˣ˵ϹҲйʣһѯʣЩ飬ʲĻǱͷҶ࣬һߡ
ҶûжЦôλǶûǶǹ٣ǹٵģ͸ϽλãЩλãʵµΡ
ңˣ˰¹ģ¹ٵϹ٣ˡǹæ
æǹһվ˳ƾҶѯʡ
ҶҲе޾ϸĲڵԺе飬ˣ˵Ϲ٣ȫҪǩ֡ӡ©Ҳ׷Ρ
ǡ
ҶһմæԣȫʰʵˣһֱҲŴӹ
ҶȻӰˣ黹㲻û£ԼսǻиĴͷΪ飬˶βˣҲƹܻ
ǵҶʱ򣬽OЦʵҶĻǲϲȥɲķ񡣡
Ҷ乴˹ǣҰѻĴͷһ٣ҼӰൽڣ˭һʼۣܿңǺЦ
OҶһӣü΢䣬Ҷ䲻뵱һ£һλãܺãҲǱҪҶԭ


163 
, ˣȥϴԷOЦ
ûʰǡҶһĵ˵, ȻͱOȥϴˡ
ȥϴ裬ϴ˵OЦŴߵ
һ, ʡˮҶһһŽO, ѽOƭ˹ȥ, ջԸĺͽOһԡˡ
ʱ͸ˣǱ߸ͷ⳴, Ҷϲ, ϴһ١
ڶ, ΪҶյı, ЩԱȫʵˣҶҲûŹǣĴ, ÿ˶дһԲԾ, ЩεķģļգҲû˸ը̡
ʮ֮, ҶѾŪ˻ĸ񣬴Ȼˡ
Դ˺, һߣ⼸ָֻƽϧ֪᲻Ҫ, ⼸ձҲûôճˡ
ʱͼϧȥ޹, ҶŮۺͻʺȥһֻС˽ɱˣһһԡ
ĸʣҶ츳ôóԡһ߳Եһߵ
ϧΪ⣬̲סĵ˵ͷϧǺ»ʵۺͻʺû֨һֱͷԡ
⵹ǣϲǾͶЩҺĸҲԲô࣬ŵľ˻׻һߵʱһ˴һЩȡձ򶼳Թ⡣Ц
ǱлĸˡЦŤͷϧͼϧԵСһǿɰ
Ůı֣ȻҲû˵ʲô
һٷҲǳԵǢֻǳԷʱ͸ܵůӿ֮ǰļζԣҳʱ䲻βͬԸܵӽŵ״ů⡣
ûţֻǵ˶˷ſڵĸʣЩʱ˫ϺһЩоոرԡ
ģЩôŮۣѾϰϲЦɫŮɫһϲ
ţھ;˫ڷ̣ҽŵҲ֪֮ǰʹڵ
ȥȥ̫ҽȫйֱǴϲľ˫ָܹܷĵĽѴˡ
룬ּʵ˫иоʱ򣬿ʲôرĵط
룬˵ͷÿζǳҶʳ˫ȱ㿪ʼзӦˡ
ãһ̫ҽƣҶЩԵ壬ȻˣҲҶװ׳ʹȻٲġЦ
ʱһ̫ҽȫ޵ߣԸ̫Ůȣ֪ˡ
̫ҽԺԺæ ִӺȡ룬̽ϡ
˻һ
Ժæ£иоˣ
˵ͷۡ
۾ͺã۾ͶˡԺ׳һ񣬡ϲ£֪ãϳȥӣӽ𣬵նϴҩԡͨϵľ磬żʱգ˫ȶվ
ã̫ҽȥɡߴٵ
ǡ̫ҽæȥҩ
ʱͲҪˣȽòǡЦ
ǣлĸʡҲܿģϾϣϴ´Ҫ˲վۿ
ٿһߵļϧѾ͵͵ˣֻڵۺڣϧҿ޳ˡ
ԼСӿޣЦŽ˹ȥʲô
ûˡ˵ţϧֱסý
ˣһ۾ˡĸʺĸڣҲý塣
ֺ˵һŻص˶ͼϧջصƫҽҩĹ
£ҩԡҪõҩģҪ˰ˣ֮ˮ裬̫ҽ˵֪ʱݣЧá
ãǱóǱھ׼ɡ
ǡ
ʱǱһµĴľͰ̧˽һͰһͰĺںɫҩ뵽ľͰ
˷˽ȥҩԡĸܵ˫ִʹĸоʵоܣԾɺۿ֪ˡ
ϧһԹԹԵſԡͰԣ㣬ôˣио𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷеʹû£ио˱á
ϧķЦҵܺõĻպܱˡ
ϧһ죬ӦһţҵŽ㱧ҡ
ҩζȥǱϢɣˡǺϧڵ
ãҾ㡣ҲĻ̫Ů
~~
ҶʳͶι£ָҩԡ裬һºѾվˣܽŹǰнôʱ䶼û·Ȳ⻹ЩӦҪܳ׿
ڷϰ·ʱˡ
ϧЩŮۣ˳ȥʵϾ޵ſڴţ׼Ůˣ͸Ͻȥ
⼸ôˣʵ
öˣֻϻЩûһʱ䣬һԼߡ⼸ջ϶޵ϰ·
Ǳã޶٬Ͳʵ۵ĺòϣȺˣ޶պǰĵҲܻȫƲסЦ⡣
Цŵ˵ͷպ󶨵߾ܻס޶
ţֻⶫѡǲҲĸΪɫˣϾϧĸǼң֮ǰǼҿǺϵһպҪŮ۵ģ̫ŮѡҪϧ̫ʡ˵
ŮԸ񣬿ǲˣŮ뷨һ棬ĸ׵ģҪʵģһŮҪԸ⣬˳ˮˡ
ſڴŵļϧ˵Ļۿ
֪ΪԼ飬ºͻʺ󶼲ϲɺϲҲܺãʱŷˣҲĺ̫Ů顣
ϧţֻҪһֱҲûʲôܹ飬㻹һ˵ģˣϲˣǴѵĴܻܿΪȶ֣Ȣһ
ϧҲ֪̫Ůλòʲô˶ȥģڻﳼ֮Ůôպϻʺλأ
һ뵽պҪб󣬼ϧͰરવĵԼûϢĿ޳ֽԼסСԼƫȥˣ±˷˸ոյĻ
صƫ֮ϧͰԼ˱͵͵ޣһ뵽ҪȢˣ˻Ҫռӵλãϧ̲סһһĳʹ
ɷϵǣȷʵϲǺϲ֣ͱƽĳ谮ֻԶֻϲһˡ
ôţϧԽԽ࣬µıӶʪһ顣


164 
һ뿪, ϰһˣϣתȥˡ
Ϊ˷, еżȫˣܹתС
תεſ, ʵȥĶˣ
ŮæĻصص, ողһ, ͼҴҵˡ
ü΢ϧĸʸո˵Ļɣ
ţæת, ƫȥˡ
תν뵽ƫʱ, ƫĴ, ϧڱһС, һһġ
ü䣬־Щۣæתε˴ߡ
קק, ûק, ϧͦġ
û취ֻýŮ˴š
ĴϹĹҵıӣôˣĻԼڱˣ
˶˶, ûлشĻ
ϧ, ȴòãƻˡ
˻ǲ
û취ֻý쵽˼ϧ֡
ü, ǲոĸ˵Щˣ
һϧ˷Ӧ, ѱƿۿϻڰરવĵᣬ㶼Ҫ̫ŮˣҸ
ȥϧᣬЦУĸʾôһ˵㲻÷ϣʱӦҲ˽ˣҾֻһ
~ǣǣĸ˵ĶԣҼﷸ˴պЩǿ϶ȢġϧԽ˵Խġ
æ˻һ߸ϧᣬһţᣬҸոĸҲ˵ˣֻҪСĸʱ㲻ӭȢ̫Ůˡ
ϧ۾һӣͰ͵Ŀģ
æЦŵͷţȻġ
ʵϣû˵ĸǲȢʲô̫ŮģϾĸʵĺҲֻĸһˣô˵붺Сá
ҪôܿСϧ˲ᣬһڴĿ
ЦЦͣڷҪǬԪǬԪˣС
ģϧ˲䣬ʵ
һĵͷȻģ̫ҽҵġ
ǣϧҲԺ㡣ϧԹԵ˵ЩߣɴĻ
ϵЦֻ֪ԳԺȺȵСãȻܺƭͶˡ
ãԡ˵ţڼϧһ¡
˱ڴϣһֱĴ硣
ʱһ㿪ʼϰ·
ϵʱ򣬼ϧϴ֮͹ԹԴڴϵ˵ˣС¾ͲŽȢˣͽŬһС
ǵϴʱ򣬾ͼСһڴĿü䣬Цʵôˣ
㣬ϧ㡣ϧԹԵץ䣬ֽ
ü䣬á
˵ţȥСӺճˡ
~~
Ҷ߾һµӦѾϰ˵ϰճЩ֮ͼˣϾȥֻҪѺùؾͺá
ϻȥʱ򣬽OθڲôãҲûʲô
ҶµŮȥɣҿɫ̫ãȥѸҽй㿴
O˵ͷܾ̫ˣûʲôθڣӦûд󰭣㲻صġ
Ҳøҽܰġ
šOбڷĴϣȷʵʲôû
ʱҽٱˣˣ֪ﲻʣ
ţ⼸Щ᲻źûʲôҩһЩҶ
ãΪΡҽ˵űæOʱŮҽٱ¶ϲɫ
ϲͷˣⲻˣϲˡҽæ
СˣҶ䶼ˡ
OҲû뵽𣿡
ȻģҩͲˣҩ̲ȥЩʳķӽСˣԹվͳһΣ̫ˣҪעϢ
ã֮עġOЦ˵
ߵʱʲôҽѵͷͲҪзˡ
ţ֪ˡҶæӦ
ҽˣҶæ嵽˽OߣOϻûбĲĵطҰȡ
OЦˣȵŵҶļͷôأҾ᲻ⲻǺúõ𣿡
ٺ٣ȥ׼ˮһϴˮ裬Ϣ飬ʱ価ȥ̫ˡҶ
šO˵ͷ
裬ص֮ҶֺڵİĦ˫ȡ
𣿡
šO۾ܵӦһ˵ҶĻͦģĸо˲١
֮նֻ࣬ǲԷǰ취˸˫Ƥ͹ȥҪǲԶЩ˫Ƥ̺ǸССˡҶ˵
O΢΢ףţҶ䣬е㺦¡
ҶԣæѽO˻ﰲôˣ
֪ԺܲһϸסϣԼСһÿ쿪ĵĳɳ
һܣһŬǵıд־ҲʲôΪֻҪÿնĵľͺãǼֲȱǮôࡣҶЦ˵
OҶĶ⣬ȻûأͿʼôˡ
ٺ٣ǵıȻšҶЦ
O˫ȥҶ࣬Уǰǵó˾С竡
Ҳûʲôãгкȣ쿪ġҶЦ
ȻͱO˺ü⣬Ҷ䳹ʵˣ˵ñС竵Ļˡ
һϣҶ˯ø𣬵ڶһ磬Ҷó˺켦˳ȥǹ׼һȥ˹﷢һOҲ׼һݣҶ仹˸ȻǱߴϢ֮ڶմҾͻ϶֪¡
ҶС˵ʱС˿ʼ켦ǹ
ϲˣ
ҶЦŵͷţҷˣϾҪĸˡ
ϲϲǿɵմմϲǹԱ˵žǹͼ
˱Ҷʰһ֮󣬴Ҷ൱ʵϹٵļϲ£ȻҪӵġ
ЩԱҲܰԣǣҶͽO˺ӵ飬㴫
ߵԴӿⷿѡһ׽ȦӣϺõ⡢ʱ͵Ҷĸϡ
ҶͽOȥʱҲˡ
ˣҶ䣬㶼Ҫĸˣ
ҶһͷǣСˣҲһ庢ӡ
OȴʧЦҡҡͷҪҶһӣǱóС竣ǿɲС
OִҶһ£㵹Ӵ󣬻ö°㿴ӡ
զˣûءҶֱ׳
ҲȷʵôÿС϶ҲǷ۵ģӦúܺ档Ц
OЦŴȤޣϲСӣҲñ¸һײͺˣ
̾˿ôףΪ˭ôˣڳǰԼϲˡ
̫Ů֮ǰҲû˵̫ŮλĺءҶЦ˵
ȴˣΪ˭ôһĸҵˣϲô죿
ԼɣһҲ˵Ҷ޵ļο
Ǽһ˷Ϣˡ
ҶͽOһ˹ȥл
лл͸СȦЩҶ买ֵ
ЦЦ˵޵ŮǺӽˣҲһǧ˿Ƶϵлޡ
룬ֵδĺӣȡ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷûء


165 
Ѿ, ĺӳǸȱľ޸Ҷ̴ΣЦʵ, ԼŮûСǾȸŮĺ
, ̴ллˡҶЦ
ȷʵǺ, ·ˡOҲֺ, ºˣ˲÷Խȡˣ˵, ´, Ķ, ǵıûи
ʱ, OԾɻȥֻǺܶ鶼µļŮȥ
ҶǱߣǸɾĿʼھܱƹϵֲ, ֮, Ҷ仹ϵͳһ˹ܹϵӣùܹںֲĲˣŰһܹŪ˳, ֵԼҺԺ
С֮󣬾ܳˮˡ
º, OĶѾΪʵӵûôԡ
ȻΪŮ, ɴСһᵽҶסһʱ䣬Ҳʱչ˽Oӡ
OһҲѾôȥ, ٱǱм£ŮԻʾO
Сһﶼ쿪ˣ˽ңûмôأÿԼ߷ĶÿζҪ׹ߣߡ
ϣҶ伸һ죬Сһͱס˽OĴȣͷĿԼҽĶӣ㣬Сʲôʱѽ
OСһСЦˣܿˣòã
ҮСŽ
OЦãܸܲоСOץõСַŵԼĶϡ
СһǺ棬ԲԲġ
ȻʧЦСһʲô档
ٺ٣ҪŷСһŽOĶ
̴ˣͿˣòãOЦ
Ү˺ˡСһ￪ĵĲУԼе߶СԼС̣
ҶЦ벻ˣ˲󣬱ֻͦġ
ٺ٣Ҫ~Сһ˷ܵڷ
ȻСһҶһȥˣȻ½OˣϾСѾˡ
OҶϴ֮ϴϢˣ⼸£Ҷѵõʵǹ£ʵǿзµġ
棬ʵǷͦģǽOЩߣⲻһϴҶͿʼԹԸȷɼˡ
OҶһۣҶ˼Ҷע⡣
ôǣĻͻȻȾ纮أҶæ˹ȥȥOĶͷ
OҶ֣û£ûȾ纮ؿЩ
ؿڣĶ᲻ǻ˱ԭ򡣡Ҷ⼸ȫзµ˼˼Ĳˣû⽪O˼ΪOĺء
OȵҶһ£ȹࡣ
ȷҽٹ𣿡Ҷһ䡣
͹ĶôϻOһۣҶԹĴ˹ȥ
Ķ۰ҴĶ𰡣Ҷ䶼ãˡ
OֺЦץҶְȥһֹֻҶĺ󾱣ҶߴţҶ䵱ˡ
ԭ˼Ҷ㱻Լˣ黹÷ô
æֺõȥ۵Ļҽúðࡣ
OҧҶ´һ£־˾ҶĶ䣬òᶼôŪ˰ɣ
Ҷ䶼OЦˣ¶
ᣬһЩǼСҶһ˵һȥ
ǣҶǷĺȾ˰أŽͣ
ҶȥˮOڴϢ
ҶĸOú壬̺ӹŽOȥǱߣǻµĴ죬ҶűŽOȥϢ
ǻеԵʣOⷽ󷴶ˣҶ侫ʢѽOźĺġ
һߣѾܲù·ˣֻܲʱЩѾǻָĺܺˡ
ʱ򣬾ͼϧſڴķ
첽ߵ˴ߣϧЦôǣĳüģ
ϧץס߿㣬˵ôһֱûб޶˵OҶıˣٹĸ¶ҪˣôǵĻûж
ЦЦչȥ׼ϧĶ⣬˳Ȼͺá
ǣ㲻˵ûбĻĸǻҪȢ𣿡ϧǺܵġ
ЦİɣʱᣬҲչŶ磬Ҳͦ𣿡
ϧߺ˶⣬⼸±ƭģʲô˵ƶùˣƫƫ㻹Ի˵ĻһЩбϧ졣
ѵĻ̫Ůĵ£ڷϿ
ˣչȥĶ⣬һͬһԡ
ϧЩŲҪָ۸ˡ
У˵ţֱӽ˱ԼԴ˫Ⱥ֮󣬱ϲżϧüϧϡ
ϧ඼պˣ⻹ǰء
ûʲôԼİ𣿡˵ȥ׼ϧĴꡣ
ϧڶһԺ˻ʵۣٱ˵Ƕռ谮
һ֪ˣáϧѵ
ЦˣԼĵ̣±ʲô
~ϧһºֱ
΢䣬СʲôģȻֹֿɰ
ˣȥ鷿һۡ˵ţ㱧ϧԱߵķȥ
òóţȻϧҪˡ
żϧȥ鷿Ǳߣӿüϧһ
ϧˣһ鷭ſžͿ˯ˡ
ʧЦҡҡͷƾԼȴڼۡ


166 
ʱ÷ɿ, תۼ佪OѾʱϵʱ򽪽OŮ˹ٱ飬һҪļû, ʱ㿪ʼˡ
Ҷ䱻˴ӹ˳ĵſ, 潪Oĺ, Ҷһ߿һżⲽ
̴ǸԱ, û̫ˣʱӤĿ޺㴫˳
˸߲ҵĴ˳, ϲ, СǸɰСŮ, ĸŮƽ
̫, ҽȥҶ˵žҪȥ
ŵסҶ䣬ȵȵ, ˸ոշԸ, ˵ǰʰٽȥ΢һ
ǺðɡҶۿԹԵ档
ǰȻοѾûˣҲ, OѾĿˣеС, һڱһ죬Ǽ̴£һʱѾ˳ˡ
ҶͰȻһ, Ҷһͳ嵽˴, Oôˣ۲ۣ
OҶۿǿЦ̴ûôޣĸ׵Ŀʲô
ۻˣһȥȪ̲壬ҶýOָ
ã㻹û̴أ㿴ɲɰOЦʵ
Ҷ߿˽OԱСӣСһһֻèĴСһСͰ͵ĳһţС΢΢ţҰ죬֪ʲô
Ͱ͵ģģǵŮҲġҶ۾Цſ򽪽O
OЦҪ֪϶Ҫޱˡ
ǵıɰ̣ٺ١ҶŽOףȱ۾Ϣһˣٺȡ
šO˵ͷ۾֮ǰֿ˿ߵҶ䣬ֿ˿еСһOüۣ۾Ϣ
ҪҶţһɿɰıOںۣȴҲܿģҶպ۷ʲôҲҶֿ
һ룬ҶԺ㴫ϵͳʾϲףŮOøж+5ǰøж100ϲ׳ɹˢŮOøжȣԴ׿ڱܺøжƣ֮⣬֮ǰܵĶһֵճʹãϵͳ̳Ծɶ׿š
ҶƬ̣ǿϲʱ̫æˣ˺øж£Ҳǣٹ¾ʱˣ֮յˢ˺øжȡ
ºˣһֱչ˽OͱˣĸǣһĺøжȾˢˡ
Ҷ俴ŴϵСһ䣬ͽO𣿿Ż׳׵ġ
ҶСһɵЦ˼һԵİȻȥˣЦСӸճʱ򶼳󣬹ձ㳤ˣͽOѿСܳġ
ûϵҺͽOıҲϲҶ俴СһԽԽ
֮СһﻹǰȻ˵׳ˣƤҲ˲٣ȥһ۵Сӣǿɰ
Ҷ̴ĵĲˣҶ䱧ȥϵС̴
Сɰ~ٺ٣ʲôʱѽ˷ܵ
ҶЦԼǸСأ;ɰˣ
ţ̴̴ɰϲٺ١˷ܵ
Ҷѽŵ˵ϣСһ˷ܵȥ
һŮһţˡ
ãϾͺáҶ˵ţߵԡ
һС룬Oʢһ뼦⼸գΪԵĶԵʣOָĺܿ죬ϵĲʸѾ˺ܶࡣ
OˣιȡҶ˵ţҪȥιO
Oһۣ΢죬ء
ھ£ιһֲ¡Ҷ˵ţʢι˽Oߡ
Oֻſں£濴ţСְŴЦҶιԷ~
ȻЦŰСһﱧ˽ƨһ£ѽȤˡ
ٺ٣㣬ҲȼС죬Ͳˡ
OЦȰɣô࣬һҲȲ꣬ž˾Ͳúˡ
˵ţOֿȻʢЩ⡣
áȻЦӦཪķѽ⼸ոǲǣ
ٺ٣ϲ㣡Сһ￪ĵ
ϾƽȻܸȪֳĶڿ춼еĳԡ
ȻЦϲ԰ɣС
ٺ١Сһ
ֹ˼գҲСˣ޿Ҷ仳װ۵Сӣ۾ˣɰҶ䣬ͽOıû˵
Ҷ䶼ЦˣôСܿʲôȷʵͦɰľˡ
ܱܲһ޴˴֣Ц
Сĵ㣬һƨɣһҶһһ߰Сһｻ˹ȥ
޸æŻСӣС̴ϽԺ̴ȥòãɰģСèһ
ǣҲ˭̡Ҷ
һºСһӭʽҵ˶ˣҲˡ
Ȼ˸С׼˺öĶСһץȡ´еϰףС֮󣬱׼һЩСץȡͼ
˿̵СһſһŴϣĿĶСһ˷ܵĲУϵĶһͱץˡ
СһץһԪץһ˵ĵ
Ҷ䶼СһﶺˣǱҪСǲǣ
С競ðԳԺȺģ̴ø޵ͷ޵
OЦЦպǵҶ޴ȻСһСˡ
¿СһץĶˣָСһԺֽܷһء
ҲСһﶺЦˣǿڿοЩͼҲ̴ҶĺӣպһҴѵĶ
ҶЦҡҡͷòã̫ˣ̴ǿĵĳͺá
ſŵСһҶ֣ҶòС
СһڣǵС̴ģС־Сèһָ൱ʡ
OһһСӣʧЦҡҡͷ
ϣҶͽOڴСһСһУֻȣСֵץ
Ҷ˫̵Сȣ̵СһһߵģСһﶼҶ䶺ˣݡ
OֻһýСһ̴ԹԵģݡ
СһЦЦȻ³һ
OʧЦĴ˴СһƤ
ٺ~Сһ﷢˿ĵʣֻСҪҽO
O̵С֣Сճ˾ĸһ
~Сһ˵ĺϲĸ׺һ档
ҶԼ̰ĦȣȥСһ첲Сһô۾Ҷŵ磬Ҷ䶼ˣ޲ðϵҲժС
OҶֵǮӣҶĶ⣬ڿŮ߻ˡ
СӾ͵ùŲſɰԲԣ̴ҶСһüЦʵ
ٺ٣ѽ~Сһѧ˵ĻȴǲǿĳСһܿġ
OЦһø̴ιˣȻһˡ
šҶһĽĿСһ֪ʲôζء
ʱOСһﱧҶڶԼOһۣ㿴ʲôתȥ
ҾͲתȥ˰ɣôɣҶţҲ׺ǺҶһ˵ͺΪ˱Сһһ
OЦЦĵһۣΪ˱뿴Ϳ£һ㣬ֶŵġ
ţҿ϶ֶŵġҶĵı֤
ʱO㽫ѱ˹ȥι̣Ҷһ߹ԹԿš
ʱʱСһգգۣСһֵֶֶģԵĸˡ
ֻСһﵽСһͱˣԼףʾˡ
ЩȪȪԵʣOָĺܿ죬ͬģˮҲܳ棬Сһÿֻһ㣬ŪýOؿĹҵģǵúܲ
̴ͳԱˣų˼ڣҪҪٳЩOʵ
СһСƽOʾˣԲˡ
O̾˿ЩεĿҶ䣬ô찡ҽ˸ҽҽ˵̵ĻҪôñЩҪôǵüȥһͺۡ
ǣҪҶӺ˵
Oһۣ˵أ˵
ҶҲһĿ򽪽OҲ˵ĺòãּĻ϶ۣ
OպˣǣǸģĶñĸ׺Ǹģ
O˵ţ˫棬ȥҶˡ
û£Ҳˣұȱ϶ûôˡҶš
ǣ̴ְ߰ɡO
ðҶ˵ţͽŮֽ
ҶֽСһﱧߣһʱ䷿ֻʣ˽OҶ䡣
ҶŽO˹OҿҪʼˡ
Oպסǿ˵ͷ
Ҷ۾OͬˣŴչȥ
ʱ֮ſڸҹŮ綼ˣҶȥ׼ˮ
ʵҲûʲôǵڰｪO̵⡣
ֻ˯֮Ҷ䱻O˺ü£ʵ
ǽһʱ䣬Ҷ㿪ʼ˳ԱʣĹԲģֻҶԣҶԴ˵Ǻܿġ
ֻÿνOԵôģٲҪʰҶһ٣ҶԴҲϰΪ
һȥСһҲСһһʱܼ򵥵˵ٵĴ˲ģͰѽѽ˵һͨ
ףСһС־ͺͽOҪҲյĻ֮һ
ãǵС̴ùԡỌ̵С
СһܴҲܻýOֶ᲻ɡ
Ҷ֮ԼҵСڲҷˣҶ˹ȥСһȥ׽O࣬ȻͱOһ¡
СһˣĵĲУСİƣٺ٣򣡡
ҶʧЦĴ˴̵ССҰô𣿡
ţСһ˵ĵͷֻСָǸ߾ٹͷ
ҶֽӹСһСһٸ߸ߣϢһҵСճ˾òã
ٺ٣~СһĲҶ
ʱҶСһʵʵģͽOСһһ˹
˰ѺӴ֮ǰСһ̫СҶҲҴСһȥСһѾһˣԴȥˡ
Ҷ׼̾ߣСһʲô棬ֻ۾תתȥҿһûģҪСָҶ俴
~СһָԶһֻ˷ܵ
Ҷü䣬Լҵıôôɰأ
񣬲ģС֪֪ҶЦ
ٺ٣棡Сһ˵ĻС֡
Ҷ䱧Сһ˳СһҲˣֱҶ仳˯
ͣſڵʱҶ䱧Сһ˳ֱʱСһתѣֿʼ˷ܵĶΧ˿ʱʱĺҶ˵ȻСһӤҶҲкܶĵط
ĸף~Сһֹ
Ҷ̣Цⲻһֻ𣿾СȣܱQĶȥ
棡Сһʡ
˴СһҶ䱧Сһ
Ҷ䣬μ¡
Oμ¡
ɣ˵ӡ˵ţЦŴ񰸺˳⺢ޱ𣿡
ȻԡҶЦŰСһ˹ȥ
СһСһŴ۾С̴۾Ư
ٺ~Сһŷ
Цˣֻ֪֪޸ģЦʵ
Сһһ֣һСҪ
ĵĲУСһﶼˡ
ԼŮǱҲ˶ϧǰҲ˻Уֻǻúü²ܼСȱҶĹ
ĺӣɰС̴֮󣬲֪þǵĶۣǲǣЦ
棬~СһСֻθͣ
ǿֵġСһﶺĴãԸߵ壬Ҷ̴ƽǧĸװţպСһﳤỨǮˣٽСһ
Ůлл¶䡣ҶæЦл
̾ãһ꣬ѾСţǮǻʵԸġ
ãպԴСһ䣬̴ȥʺһʺҲСһǺ档ЦŷԸ
ǣʹ̴ȥO˵ţһ񣬶Ҷ仳ӹСһСһ󹬵ķȥˡ
ҶŮ۴һֱOӺǱ߻˲Ŵ̻˸
Щʱգÿ춼ĻضϧıѾ´ˣΪñƽƽרŰѼϧĸ׽ӵ˹żϧȴ
Ҳһ±Ļ˶صƫȥϧϧڴϢ
Ц˹ȥ˵ȥôأ
㣬ۣҪȥϧ
ãȥƢİ˴ӴϺǣżϧȥ˺԰ɢ
ԺҲҪ߶߶Ȼ岻á
ҪҪϧ
ϧĸ׿ŮĸôãԷģǶܺΪ飬ϧڹܵ
Ķ֪ˣԾֻмϧһʵҲûʲôˡ
ЩҲ֪̫Ů谮һģԼϧ൱Ĺ˳
ϧĸ׿ȥıӰ¶ЦСŮױ㱻ǹ߻ˣڣǬԪҲԸ
ϧһʱ򣬳˸ոսһ£֮󣬼ϧûнй£ǽ㣬ԴҲá
ϧĸ׸յʱ򶼱ŵˣŮ˻̫Ůҳȥֱӱס̫Ůл̫Ů㣬Ҳ̫Ůй񣬲סӾˣЩĬġ
ŮͨǬԪԴԼһҪá
֪ŮڶúܺãҲͳ׵ķˡ


167 
תۼ, ϧСҲˣСһȡأϣСһ׳ɳ, ͬʱҲϣδļ̳ܹһ͡
СذظճʱҲǳһСţȴôôϲ
ǼϧСһӳ, ˿С, ֿ˿, ίĿ޵㣬ôôڣһ㶼㣬ôƯ
ϧеƷ, ԽԽġ
Ц, æȥһ߲һ׼ϧĶͷ, Ÿճ, ûأֲ϶ҲƯġ
ϧ, Ž, 𣿡
ţġЦ׼ϧĴꡣ
ϧױŮأŸ, ͼ̫ŮԼŮϧ, Ͻ˳ȥ
˵꺢ӵǱ̫ŮȻôԼŮϧҲ˿, ֻҪǼʵʵģǲμˡ
ΪСһ, ϧ˺üΣ˱֮Уһʲôϧޡ
ڶͻʺһŮͼСһ˯㡣
Сһﱧڻֱǰ֡
ЦϧôڣտʼѾ˺üˡ
ҲЦˣСĶһͳúÿģҶҵ̴Ҳǳ˲Űװ۵ģİɣ;ôÿ϶ҲƯ
ϣɡϧ
ʺ˴߰ο˱ҪãǿޣȻ岻ûָҶ˲ٵ̲ƷҽOǳЩָĺܺá
ţллĸҾ±̫ˣҺ
û£ЩͺЩֻҪıǾͶܿɰʺЦ
šϧбοһ㣬ҲǣٳҲԼģ˳ˣ;ÿɰˡ
ºѾ˲٣Ƥˣ۾ˣһװ۵ģ̲סչȥҧһڡ
Сһ￪ĵڴϷţʱʱȥ
Сһﶼ쿪ˣһСһ֣һСһȡ
㣬ıÿˣºˡϧ̾ҲǲףСһǳЩ
ʧЦҡҡͷǵȻǵıͺÿ
ڶһ磬ҶͽOҶ̴Сذˡ
Сһﻹվڴȥ൱ʢ
Ҷ̴Ҳ˷ܣСָأãɰ~
ñСһ࣬ҪҪȥ棿ҶЦʵ
ҪҶ̴˷ܵ
ҶЬСһŵ˴ϣСһ˷ܵĿء
ҲҶ̴ܺ棬ٵҶ̴ǰСҪץҶ̴֡
Ҷ̴ֽӹõС֣ģرĿɰٺ٣档
ѽѽ~ؼҶ̴ЦˣҲСԴȥҶ̴ȡ
ٺ٣ףϲңҶ̴˷ܵ˵
СͦġOʧЦҡҡͷ
Ҷ̴ȴſԱߣСȰȸͣãȥҼҼС򡢻мܿɰҲóԣ
غĶҶ̴Ҷ̴˵ʲôСһǺܿģܸӵ֣СץҶ̴ֻ˻Ρ
ü䣬ЦԺÿ顣
ǰÿɰҶЦӦ
۵Сӣһġ
Ҷ̴ѾĴյߣ˱أãʲôʱ𣿾ԲԲ֡
Ҷ̴СͳȪȪ㣬ȵȪţµ̣СһСرĴ飬һܼסҲǿСһ꣬С죬һͰȰȰȸͣ
Ҷʱ򶼾̫˵ˣСһȰˡ
ȻʲôһãȻĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴ЦЦһ߱Ȼһ߻ɫ棺ԲԲģȥ򡣡
˵Ҷ̴ڴϷȦҲѧҶ̴ӷȦСһ￩
ҲЦˣ浽һȥͦá
ºޱŮ۴ͻ飬½εŮ˾顣
һֱڱر߾פأиرôͻ飬ҲΪ߹ش󽫣СŮҲûϲˡ
׵ǰһ£޶콹ˣȥҶҶ취
ô찡Ҷ䣿¸¾ҪˣҼˣ޺һƣץġ
ҶЦզȲˣ
ǣǣҺ£Ҿ֮ǰڹԶԶһΣҺû˵ͳˣ㶮ָо𣿾ǣһ׶ûСԼޡ
ףǰ£͵˾̻ûӴ϶﷢飬Ϥ˾ͺˡҶο
ͽOôһģʵ
Ҷ뿪ڵǿɾ͸ˣһʼɲϲңһ·ϼŶԱ˴˲øеģķвͨ
զ죿׵۶СҲ̫ˡ
ǣȻ͵͵ȥҶ
᲻᲻ã᲻٬ʵ
ҲУҲУֻܵȳäƼˡҶ²۵
ǻǱˣҪңקקҶ䣬Ҷգգ۾㣬Ұ~
˻ססҼƤˣ˵ˣһǬԪզ㰡
Ǹ棬Ҳܼ𣿺ٺ١֡
аɣôͰ͵ķϣҾýO㡣Ҷǹ˼ĴӦ
ллҶ㡣˵ţҶգգ۾
Ҷæˣס
һʱҶͽOڴ϶棬ڴһ޲ƳɵС
Oո˸ĵ˾¸ӣǸ档Ҷ˵
ǲ޹ˣOЦʵ
ţһ˼˵仰Ȼǲ̤ʵҶЦ
ãȥ롣OͷӦ
СһǺĴ˹˭ѽ
ҶץһڣСôʲôҲ
ٺ٣ҴСһͦظ˵
ҶҲСһﶺˣУǼ̴ǲǣ
ǣСһͬĵ˵ͷҶͽOˡ
ڶһ磬Oȥ˾ˡ
˾ںԺ˽С˼Ҵҵ˹С㣬ǿĽ˸ӡ
ùɡ˾˼Ƭ̾Եɣְ֪Ͷ½ãԼȥ棬ҲǶµ˼
˾Ҳû޼棬ҪܼҲãܺù׵Ρ
ԼĻԼ˾׼Ͼر¾θףҲԾɻǻͨ븸׵Ĺϵ
ȥ׼ˮԡ֮ȥݷãˣ˴ӿⷿ׼һЩС͸ǵĺӡ˾̷Ը
ǣС㡣СæӦһȥ׼ˡ
˾̲ʱ㻻ɾ·ˣһСʹȥˡ
OǰӭͣҶںԺš
O͵˾̺һȥеĺԺߣص˹ҲţҼҶֲ˲ĹߣҴȥơ
ҲãǾͷˡ˾̴
ȽO˴ȥԺʱҶˡ
OҶ䣬ͶҲڰ
ţҪֲĹܹϣҲ𣿡ҶЦʵ
O˵ͷ
˾̴ǺЦĿҶͽOһһֳͣ޺Ҷһ񣬡Ů£
OͻȻոߵʱ˸̴׼ţˣһȥһˣһٹҶյһ˵һ߳գգ۾
OͷӦá
漴Цſ˾̣˹ʧƬ̣Ͼͻ
㡣˾òס
ʱոںԺ˱㶼߹ˣһʱֻʣ޺͵˾̡
˾ε̾˿£Ƕ³ģҲã֮ǰһ棬ܺù׵ȻΡ
½Ҳп𣿡
ţ鲻࣬ԾҶ￴㣬أһ㶼ڸʲôʵ
ҳ佫ңЩǧͬҪһˣ£ҽһŹġ˾ʵʵ˵ϾҪˣԼϲҲûҪޡ
ÿҲϲ赶Ūǹģ𣿡ʵ
˾̵˵ͷױѧϰЩ˵䲻ǫĻµ֮δҺá
ļٵģҿҪԼһˣп𣿡⻰˵ȥ޲Ųൽס
ԣԣҺֱԼ㣬áӺ󾱵
ǣ㣿˾Цſޡ
ˣȵ˾ҪԸһ㣬ǰûʲôǽյ鱻˾ͱˣ޸Щߡ
Ҿǣе³׵ʱΣԲ˽Oǰæ㲻˰ɣСĿŵ˾̡
˾̳ЦЦ֪Ҫޣһ£Ϳ˴֬¿ڵ𣿡
ҿýOԼˣ̽Եʵ
˾̵˵ͷţµʱˣĪҪͺá
ܣôܻġһӣڼҪûˢӣͱ˺ˡ
յԱ֪ˡ˾̴䡣
漴ֿ˵Ůŵµĺֻлʺһˣ̫ŮµĶҲֻмһˣǵأ
û뵽˵ôֱӣֱӱ˾̵ĻŪ˸ңȻҲһֲǻĵˣȻˣһúôġ
˾߿ޣۿɼ˶ʼˣ˾ü䣬λҲûд˵ô٬ԼǼ仰ѣˣ
ãұˣ½ռңǻбĻҪ˵˾˵ţ߽
ŵһӺ󾱵ûǣǰϤһ£äƼޡ
Ҳд⣬Żһµʱ䣬͵ദദֻǣҪ鷳ˡ˾Ц
ûµģҺҶǺѣԸæġ
Ǳá˾̵ͷ
һҶͽOȥˣϾװҲװһ㡣
Ҷ仳ﻹŰװ۵Сӡ
Сһ§ҶĲ֣һ۾Ĵҿ
Ȼȥ㿴òãҶԼ̵СЦ
ҮϲóԣСһ̾
Ҷ䶼ЦˣС֪ԣ㶼úǲǣ
ٺ٣ǣҶ̴̾
˾̼Ҷ仳ﱧűЦ̴ɣɰװ׾ģԺ϶ǸСˡ
ٺ٣áСһĽˡ
ãܱÿɰ˾̶
㣬~Сһ˾ҪԼſСϡ
ҶʧЦİ̵˹ȥСһĶŵ˾̿Ư
С˵ùԡ˾̱СһЦ
Ӻ󾱣ԼûһСӻˡ
ʱҶ׼˻βͭ⣬ΪҶѾڴֲСС齷иϣţ⳴һĻϣַζĻͭˢкܴ
ŴţһҪأɱҶҲа취ׯϵţԼײţ˿ɾͺûϵˣţȻܳԣţҲˡ
Ҷ˳Ի֧ܣ˾ں԰ߣļŻһΧ¯ԼӲ񣬻һֱǿ״̬ʲôֱ̽ȥͺˡ


168 
ڶһ, OȻֵȥ˵˸˾һȥׯͻ
ʵϣҶ͵ˡ
һǱ߻¶, ̸˵ģҴҶ²۵, Ҳǵ, Ͱ, ǵһǽׯߡ
ңⲻǽͲһС𣿡޲
Ҷһ첻µزµ, ôδһλܺµġ
, ˵, Ҿһ, һǱҪæûʱšҶھǵĽһƬ˲ʱûе, лҲܶ, ÿæҪĶʱޡ
Уһ, ղ˵ǰذ׺ÿһȥ˾㡣޵
УҾͶһ
˵Ĺ, ˾̸ϵ͵ׯ棬С˹һ̾ûӰˡ
Ҷ仹ûü˵, ˾ûˣ⻹û, ôţˡ
ҶҲȥޣԼߵˡ
ܵһ룬˾̴һڵŮС˹ˣͣŲ
Ҿˣοһأ
ҲûԶŹһ㣬߰ɣҶ仹ءЦЦ
š˾̵˵ͷղգͷֻһɫķϸǴķȹִмӢˬ
ûס͵͵üۡ
˾ȻҲˣ߸ʹӣҲôƣǵøЩӵġ
ʱ˱ߵǱߣҶˣЦߵƥѡҪ׼ôȣ
Ҷ˵ţԼﵽϡ
ͱ䣬Ǳ߲аһֱȥ˭ȫаӵĺģ˭ӮҶ䣬С޺˵
ҶһǣʱǸúŸ𣿸ĸ̥汼űġ
аɣֲһֱأҶˡ
УʼɡҶȥ
Ҳ̴ӵӹ˹ٵǰн乭ʱֻʸȫкġ
޺Ǹ˵˾Ǳ߿˿˾ֻǳЦһ£ǰȥٶȱ޻죬乭ٶȸ졣
ֻһ˲䣬˾еļʸ뷢ȫкģʸҲδͣ£ֱӽ䴩Ÿո䵽Ҳһȥ
޶ˣҶҲˣû뵽˾̵ôãҪˣ޻治һǵ˾̵Ķ֡
ҶȥӮһĿȻˣС㻹ҽҲ˼ʶ
ȷʵҲˡ
Ҷ俴˿ˣЦ߰ɣһǱ߻£ˡ
Աͺá˾òס
һϱֻʣ޺͵˾̡
߰ɣǼȥǱߡָָԶ˵
á˾̵ͷӦ
ģԺˣʲôʱׯҲġ˵
˾΢΢ףЦ»ĺҵ˵һ
Ķһ޺ʵ
ҵ˵¶Իʺܺã̫ŮֶԼã˵һҲ˾Ц
Щߵͷ˳˻⣬Ǳ߰ɣһȥտ
ãƾ°š
~~
ȥҶ̴ѾˣҲѾˡ
غҶ̴ĻСһԹԸҶ̴棬㣬㣬ȥĶѽ
Ҷ̴գգ۾չȥߣȥҼҵĺ԰ɳӣĸרŸŪһɳأΪ˸ġ
ӣίίĿҶ̴ǣǣϴĸ˵ˡ
ЩѾ𽥽¶ǰǻԼе̫ϻʣһסйǱ帣
Ҷ̴˰֣û취ˣ㵨ôСĻԼȥˡ
˵ţҶ̴ͲǣˣԼСȾǰߡ
ؼ㶼ǣˣίĶˣԹԵСܼȥ㣬㣬ȵңҸȥģ
Ҷ̴ųСЦЦǺѣߣһ棡
˵ţҶ̴ǣؼ԰ȥؼСˣ۾ҲЦ⣬ϲͽ棡
ʱСһ͵˺԰Ҷ̴ֲķԸʹӣǶţҺͻ̫ŮԼ档
ǣСˣ¸ոտǷԸˣǺúû̫ŮµġΪ׵ĶԼ棬ɶСڡ
Ҷ̴ĹĵĿأ㿴̴ӣǶҵġ
һ̺ӣԵøɰˣ˵ˣǸţ˭ţһǽ
СĲңǵ¡
ǣҲһ
Ҷ̴֣գգ۾߰ɣһ棡
ţȵҡû˸ոӣҶ̴ǰָֻһӡ
ʱСһߵɳǱߣҶ̴ֱ˵ɳ棬ͳһСӵݸأɳӡ
лл㡣غǿĽӹ˲ӡ
Ҷ̴ԼҲһѣ֮СһﻹСľСľͰƽʱװɳõġ
ɳӶһСӡҶ̴
ãҶġعԹ˵
ҰɳӶ˵ǷӡҶ̴ָӵ
ţغСֲɳӣٰɳӵСͰᵽҶ̴ָλã㣬𣿡
գ۾Ҷ̴ʵ
ţԣٺ٣ҲɳӡҶ̴˵ԼСľһɳӹ
ԶǿһڣǣѣҶ̴ôʹС£˭ң
ƫƫС»ⱻʹҶ̴һʲôСһͿĵȥɣҲʲô̬ˣ֮˵ʲôʲô
ǽOͼϧһ죬Сһʱ˼ֱһڡ
úõСӣɳÿģ˶һɳӡ
Ҷ̴ĶָأٰһͰɳӹǽ滹ȱɳӡ
ŷ~غǿĵСͰȥʢɳˣҶ̴ʹһһ㶵ġ
OԼСʹ̫ŮҶ̴˭ŵɳӵģһô죿
ɾôһŮǴδϣ
Сһ̫СֲǬԪõȵʮŻ֪
ۼϧ˵ʲôҲҪڶˣЩʱգҲȡһԺֻҲԾǴѵĴԺĺҲˡ
Ҷ̴һĿԼףЦ£ǰذԼԸɳҲŴģ֪ô鷳ҾͲˡ
һ㲻ˣߵߵߵܵ˽Oǰ̱ԼԸͽģֽ㡣
ϧŮ֪첲ˣ֪ǸЦǸѽѽͷĸҪ˵ˡ
ûϵֻҪֽͺá
ϧͽOСһﶺЦˡ
OЦſأ㵹ǻ
ţһᱣģСһϻɳأȴǸ߾Сһ
ȥϴϴɣСˡO˵ţæ׼ˮҶ̴ȥϴˣϧǴȥһ䷿ϴ衣
Ҷ̴Сʱȹϴ֮иġ
Ҷ̴ȹǿģץȹʵǽȹƯ
ԶԶԣġϧѾŮˣŮҶ̴ʲôãȹҲá
ߵʱһ᲻õģСܵҶ̴ǰ㣬пˣĸͻҹġ
ţ֪ˡҶ̴ܵʵҲ̫ϲһ棬ϾرСһ߸£Ҳͺö࣬ϲʹһĺһ档
㣬һȥ˻ġؼҶ̴ƽ
ţ֪ˣͻʺعɡҶ̴ߴٵ
㲻𣿡ؼ
Ҷ̴ſС֣ܵıһ£ˣ߰߰ɡ
ټСһҶ̴˻֣
Ҷ̴ҲСһ˻֣ˣСһ˿
OЦİŮʵôˣͻ̫Ů滹ίˣҲ㣬Ұѻ̫Ůȥɳӡ
ذ̫СˣϲʹһĽ档Ҷ̴̾
OЦˣ꣬˭ˣ
ţҶÿɶҶ̴ͦСظʾ
һߣغͼϧ˺󹬣ҲˣŮɳӵʹˡ
ذأ޲Ǻ˵ΪһĴӦô
Ӧ˼Ҫݵ¡Сһαֱվ˵
ţȻ֪ôȥɳˣʵ
㣬ҪŽ档ʵʵ
ôˣ̴ôҪһӶҪʵ
ӣͷҪ
ԼʵĶЩƹˣаɣСذҪ㲻Ҫɽˡ
ˣǰôޱ㲻ˣǰǵö𴢾֪֪ԼŮ
֪ĸʣעġСһһһ۵
ˣ̫Ѿȥˣȥֽ̫̹ΰɡ˰֣˵
ˡСһһ񣬹ԹԵ˳˴
صԼ鷿Ѿ̫ڵˣԹϿΡ
ǰ˰죬òȥˣҶҶ̴ĽǷ͵ģ̴Сʹֻ֣Ҫһʶдˡ
ҶȴûпҶ̴ѧϰСǰӦôŶԡ
ȥ̴ñҶˣɴּʮʮµĹٻ˼ҵСŮɣ빬ȻˣһּҪΪҶ̴
СһСϲڣϴģǰŪΪס
ǵϣҶ̴յȥѧ֪ͨ
ҶЦԼ̴̣վ͵ȥˣӦˣ
ǵȻȥѧûұĽ㡢棬ϲСһرĵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲǣԼ̲ѧõķѾˣôܺȥѧأ


169 
ڶһСһ, Ҷ̴˷ܵĺҶ仹нOһ緹˾
Ǽ̵һѧãҶͽOȻҪһСһġ
ڳ, Ҷ̴ͿĵĲУ, СǲҲҪȥѧá
O΢΢, , µּ1010µŮ빬飬С̽ʮ꣬һ档
ٺ, ģҶ̴òһ, Ҳ, һҪҶ䱧, һȥҽO
ʱͣ˹ſڣҶͽOСһ鸮ȥ, רӡŮĵط, ֻСذһŮŮ۲ЩٻŮ
ȻˣҲеŮɶܹ, Ҫ˵ٵƷףǱߵۺⶨһʮ˵, ֻʮ˲ʸ鸮̫Ů顣
ʱһ˾͵鸮Ҷ̴, ɲȼҪԹԵ, Ҫ֪֪µĻͽͯ㡣
Ҷ̴һС˵ģţİĸףһԹԵġ
Ҷ¶ÿɷЦԼ̿ɲʲôԹŮֻϣ鸮ͱͺá
ܿģٵСѶˣҲˡ
ڵĽѾһͤͤСͱöСγĶԱȣҲꡢʮŮɣҲû顣
Ҷ̴ͿˣС˹С̣Ҳѧѽ
ţҲһ꣬ҾͲùˡĵɲô𴲣ڼء
ٺ٣ǺáҶ̴Žߵ㣬ĵĽˡ
Ҷ̴ѽÿɰѽ̲ҵСŮ꣬Ҳ뵽ķΧڡ
ٺ٣㣬ҲƯҶ̴˵
ɰûסҶ̴СÿɰСӡ
˵ľٶñԶؿˣصˣСȾ˹ȥĹǶˣ֪СôͻȻǸϽ׷ȥ
زһܵҶ̴ߣ⼸Ůɼˣ
Ůμ¡˵
رСһۣſڣɡ
ֿ˿ߵҶ̴СҶ̴䣬㣬ҹһ¡
Ҷ̴˿ߵСӣûͼ˵껰أСӿճˡ
Ҷ̴ĸ׺׵УؼӣЦЦȹȥһ£һҽ˵
ã͵ȥɡЦ
ؿҶ̴СһֱߣҶ̴ֵһٵĵط³£Ҫغˡ
Ҫͽ˵ǶվغƵ˵ʵԼǸСء
ǲˣίĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴첻Ѿĵ˴룬ذأҪ˵ʲôٲ˵ҿҪȥҽˡ
𣬽ȥҶ̴䣬켱ˣ˵Ҷ̴
㵽ʲô°Ҷ̴ʵ
СҶ̴䣬㣬㲻ñңˣ
ҵʲôûģСҶ̴²۵ˣ˵ˣȽȥɣҺͽ˵˵ͽȥ
Ҷ̴ĿСץ֣ȥͼ˵ȥˡ
СӿԼĿ֣ͺۿʵۣܣ㲻棬ȥұŮˡ
ԽԽίһ߰રવĵŽӣһ鷿ȥ
Ĺ˼̫ŮˣһĶˡ
£ôˣΪ׵ǹСʵ
أܣСӼһ߿һ鷿ߡ
Ҷ̴ûעߣԹԵĺͼĵĻȣֱǴѡ
λŮɣϵʱˣϽȽ鸮ɣҪˡ
߰ɽǡҶ̴˵ţǿĵııĽ鸮
Աߵ㣬ҺߵλϺòãǰ棬档
νܶĶʵķͽ̹ˣҲΪڻ̫Ůǰˢ˳ͱĹٶǽãﶼһ
УĶһ㲻Сһ𣿡Цʵ
Ҷ̴ǿĵĵһСǰ
˵ţҶ̴ͳŽС̣Сǰ~
˿СһͷӦá
ǣҶ̴ǿĵԼλ
غίԼλϣλмĵһţλģͱһˣûһ㻹˵С
ԽԽѹરવµ
˹Ͽεʱ򣬱ѵĻ̫ŮűӵᣬСһίˣǰȹʪˣƫƫҹȥҶ̴½
˶ˣǴδĻʵۣûϿأ̫ŮͿ޳ˣ⻹˵á
˸Ͻ˹ȥȥأ£ôˣǻûϿأôͿˣ
СĨĨᣬ˵ſǻûûµģˣ㿪ʼΰɡ
Ҷ̴ŷСһƺˣĸ׺׵УĸѧԹԵģ˶ˣҶ̴û뿪λֻҲЩСһ
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һڿؿεȥˣǻǺģǲǲϲˣ
òװ¿ˣվͼҶ̴ͺ˵СһίСûʰһߵᣬһȥ
̴ǶҪˣΪ׵ĹµæʰµĶʣµ˸ϽһȥҪиʧҲɣ
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ĵĿĵҶ̴һСذظղźˣȥһ£һŤͷͷСذѾˡ
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˿̵Ҷ̴ȫûʶΪſˣͽһ鸮ȥ׼ؼңγÿȥϿαã磬ЩŮǱڼϢˡ
һߣĻ̫ŮһĨһ޹ȥΪͻ̫СǺͼϧסһģȻˣҲء
Сһһ߿һܣŮԱ߻ţһ˾ôǱĻ˵ۺڵĹ
СһһȥȥԼĸˡ
ϧߺȲأͼԼҵСӿ˽
ϧˣæ˱ذأôˣô޳ˣίǲǣǲǸѧʿ۸ˣĸĸʸòã
СһҡҡСԴĸ޵ĸˡ
ϧۻˣԼ̿ǴѵĻʴСǽţ˭С۸ˣ
ذأĸ˵ĸòãϧš
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ɨص̴ǣʵ̫Ůôˣ˵Ȼ޽ǡ
£ձúõģūʵڲ֪СΪʲôް
ԣ鸮ʱúõģ֪ôģ¾Ϳ

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Сһһڰ¶˳ǣңԼҪ޵ġ
˻֣Թ˵Ƕ°ɡ
ǣ¡
Ǹæ˳ȥһ޵ֻʣһڡ
Ŵչȥ̵СʵôˣĸҲ˵𣿡
ίͰ͵Ŀ˿Լףֿ˿Լĸף˺һſڵ㣬ñ˵Сȥ鸮Ҳһĸʣǲˣ
˵ţСһ޵ĸˣ˶޵һһġ
ۻˣҲ˹ˣƽҰذǰϵģȻСһ߸£Ѿ˴ӣôһҶ̴ص£СͱСˡ
ģôأճʱϲ㣬˵ÿϧæСһﰲο
ǣǽ㶼һҲ档Сһġ
ЦãֵõҰҶ̴еòã
Ҫҷģ~СһԸˡ
ĸȥҶ̴òãĸҪ̴ףһòãϧʵ
Сһ˰죬㲻᲻˰ɣ
ŮЦˣһҶ̴ѵֻСһίֻ͵͵ޱӣȥҶ̴˵ҲǷˡ
ģĸһȥ̴ЩԵġ
Сһ˵ͷţС׼óԵģĸ
ĨĨߴţϧεİСһŵ˵ϡ
ȻͼԼŮƨƨߵԶˣȥԸ˸Ҷ̴׼óԵġˡ
ϧüĿôǺðͱ˼ˡ
ҲֺֺЦ˹ȥס˼ϧϸأ˶һ
ϧô˿˲ãŮˣ֡
ƫֱøˣչȥ˼ϧһ£ܵĸˡ
˿ˡϧȥȻֱ˺ü¡
ſϧʱ򣬼ϧպˣЦһۡ
˵ЦһŮǼϧһȥˣصķſʱſڵĹŮæС˵һҪȥ˲ǰԡ¡
Цˣ֪Լ־ϲ˻ˡ
ãǺúԡ°ɡ
ǡ
ֹ˺һԡ֮СǱСҲˡ
ǵҪúÿСװȻȻŵʳ档
ǣ£׼ˡŮæ
ĸʴ͸ҵߣһСӹȥؼСһ
ǣ£ūȥ׼Ͼͺá
ЩСһСȥҼϧˣĸʲôʱȥҽѽСˡҲ׼ˡ
ϧεЦЦҲãŮȥԼҲܳ͸͸ã緹Ǿͳ
ллĸ󡣡СذعԹԵ˵
л߰ɣȥԶϧ˵ţŮȥˡ
һڳ緹ϧŮȥˡ
Ϊ˱鷳ϧֻǴһЩŮ̴ӣû׼ݵ̣ʦڵģ鷳
ʱؾͽŵսС֣ĸ󣬽㲻ɣ
ϧԼ̵С˵㣬һôôҶ̴أܳ㲻ɣ
ң½㲻ϲҡСһﴹ۾ԹԵ˵


170 
±, ĸءϧֻðԼ̱ڻ壬СһźһЩ
ʱ͵˿ſ, ϧСȥ
Ϊû֪ͨ, ſڵĸС˶, ׷׹
μʺ, μ̫Ů¡
Ƿ˽տڸУˣС㡣ϧʵ
ڵ, ڵ, Сȥͨ
С˵, æܽȥͨˡ
OҶպСһ˷, ׼ȥ˯أͼС˼Ҵҵܹˡ
ʲôôҶʵ
ǻʺС¹, ءС˴Ŵ˵
û˵Ҫ, ߰ɣȥһ¡Ҷ˵ţҶ̴С, ˣȥذȥ
ŷû˸, ذˣ档
СһҶͽOȥʱ, ˱˼ϧһˡ
ҶͽOҪ񣬼ϧæ˰, ˣ˰ɣԼˣʲôˡ
˵ֵͷ˿أͼԼŮ۾ĶҶ̴
ϧǰƣЦ㲻̴𣿿ȥѽ
Ҫǲ˵ҵС˰ҹȥ˼Ҷ̴ء
Сһ죬ҶͽOЦЦǺá
СºáҶҲˣ˵С°װ׾ģȷʵͦɰġ
ͳкСһȭͷյҶ̴ߣ㣬Ҹ˺óԵģߣһ𣿡
Сһ˵ţԹԵ͵͵קקҶ̴䣬ȻһЦĵҶ̴˵ϴЦʵˣСֶ߬ˡ
ѽҶ̴ץסصС֣ؿĵĲǣˣ
ٺ~ؿĵĿ˿ԼףŤͷȥҶ̴
ҶЦ̴ȥ㷿ɣҪչ˺ã֪֪
ţҶ̴ǹɵĵͷȻǣصС־Լķȥˡ
ȵȡ˵ţֶŮѵĻõ㷿ȥ
ǣ¡ǰӦ
ʱҶ̴ؽ˷䣬һƬյϷ˲ϯһ棬ѷҶ˸Ļľ
Ҷ̴Ьϣذأ档
ŷ㡣СذغЬҶ̴ߡ
㣬ʲôѽǰû
ĸ׸ģлľ㿴ܶѳָĶǶһӳòãҶ̴ǿĵ˵
ãġؼҶ̴ܿģԼҲźܿġ
ٺ١
Сһ˵Ĺ򣬹ѾӺ͵˹£ӸĶ
عԹԵĿҶ̴ʵ㣬Ķ
ȷǱ߰ɣѳԵķȥһţҺͰذһȡҶ̴ҲʹߵĹŮʹԼһ
ƫƫػһЦĿҶ̴һҶ̴˵ʲôԵӣŮǸæ
ܿģӱ㱻źãҲԱߣһŮһţֻӡ
ͺáҶ̴ָӵǶȥɣҺͰذԼ档
ŮûҶظæ˻֣ǶȥĻ
ǣ¡ȹŮǶȥŴյҶ̴ߣ㣬ЩСĺܺóԵģҪҪ
ţҶ̴˵ͷϡ
ֽʳĵһһ̵˳İڵ˵ϡ
㣬ɰ𣿡ʵóĹ˽ɸС״ϣҶ̴ϲ
Ҷ̴˵ͷһյҧһڣţóԡ
һ߳ţҶ̴һߵ
ؾһۣСָҶ̴ϵ
Ҷ̴ҲԼһ߳һߵˣö
ûµģ㣬ԣҰ񡣡СһԹ˵һ˵һСּ
ţذáҶ̴һ߳ԣһ߿޵
Сһһ۾ˣĸҶ̴һСһͼһԹԵĽŵĵذϡ
ּҴҵĻصҶ̴ߡ
Ҷ̴Сֱһţ飬ذأҲȣҼҵţµرúȡ
СһϽҵţ϶
ǡҶ̴ǿĵĽţȹˡ
СһҲϽźȹţ飬лл㣬úȡ
úͳ£ֻҪҾ͸ţ顣Ҷ̴Ǵ󷽵
ذأҴӣûľòã
ѽ㡣۾˵ǸСһҶ̴ʲô͹Թʲô
һߣϧҲҶͽO˷Ȳ죬ʵڲ֪ǵôڽ
ҶлҪ˵ֲ˼ɴϧˣҪ¾ֱ˵ɣǶôˣҲûʲô˼ġ
ϧüģڵͣذغϲ̴ȥ鸮ʱ̴ñСŮذؾˣ̴ȥұСŮ˵ҲûͰذһ𣬰ذؾίˣȥһб¿˺ôһ˵½㲻ϲˡ
ҶҲǾͦģСѲż꣬ͿʼԴˣ
ãһ̴˵һȥͰذһ𡣡ҶЦ
ϧ˫ֺʮãǾͿˣذĺϲ̴㡣
Ҷ룬Լ̺Ļ̫Ůһ磬ЩĲˣ㿪ڵʺҪǷĵĻðذסһɣҺͽOٰСһһ͵鷿顣
һʰذذɣҪĻһֹŮҲչϧ˵
ԡҶæͷ
һ죬ȥСһˣǼ˾ͿϵҶ̴ûľѷӣСذԱ߹ԹԵһһĸҶ̴ݻľСһﻹ۾ĿҶ̴Եòˡ
ϧһСһע⵽ſڵˡ
ĸǲҪˣǣҺͽ㻹û湻ءСһһߵӣԹԵĿĸֻĸһһ
ϧŮߣԼǶһʣذأҪҪңһȥ鷿飬òã
𣿡۾ˡ
ϧ˵ͷţ̶ӦˣµĻĸԼع¼չ㣬ǲµĻһǾ͸ûعˡ
˵ţػȥҶ̴ɫ㣬𣿡
Ҷ̴ȻӦˣҲûСӣҲŸճףûСأذڼ棬϶ͬⰡ
Ȼˣʺ̣ðذϺ˯ͺãһչ˰ذصġҶ̴Сظ֤
Ҷ͵ЦźͽOţ̴Լչ˲Լأ͸Ҵţչ˱ˡ
OҶһѣҶʵˡ
ϧЦųҶ̴˵ͷǾ鷳̴ˣذؾͽˡ
˵żϧˣչ˵£ŵһع
ǣӦ
ҾȻȥˡϧҶ仹нOк뿪ˣߵʱ˿ԼŮԼŮ۾Ҷ̴Լ˶֪
ϧЦˣôϲ̴
ϣҶ̴
Ҷ䱧ػ˷ԡOǴҶ̴Ҷ̴ԡ
ذأ̰ϴòãҶЦʵ
ãлл̡Ҫϴ磬Ȼһˡ
Ҷ䶼һصСˣôģҲôˣôôɰôԣ̴ˡ
̴ҲܺõġСһΪҶ̴˵
ҶʧЦҡҡͷУ˵þͺã̰·ϴ磬Сһ
ٺ٣лл~ĸ׺ףҲϲ
ʱҶСϴĸɸɾСһ¹ҶСһﴩãһС̺ӰСһҶ̴ķȥ
Ҷ̴ѾˣѾʼԼһ˯ˣȻ˷һҹŮźš
СһЩŵĿҶ䣬ߴߴʵ̣㲻᲻ϲ˯ɣ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣᣬôһСӣĶ˲ϲģ
ٺ٣ҾͷˡСһЦ˵
Ҷ䱧ؽȥʱҶ̴Ѿڴһˡ
ҶЦŰ̺Сذ˳ŵҶ̴Ĵϣ̴ûС˯òã
ţ׷ģһᱣáҶ̴ĵ˵
ߺߣǡҶСħ˼С̫Ů˾ͺá
һŮҹʲôͺã֪֪Ҷʵ
Сһһͷţ֪ˡ
ùԡҶ˵ţչȥСһһһڣŵˣú˯
֪ס
ʱϾʣСӡ
Щߣɡ
Ҷ̴Ǻܴ󷽣ذҷȥ˯ҵĴˣ˯˾֪ˡ
˵ţҶ̴Сһߵ࣬ߵλãʲôɰɡ
ɵ˱ſҶ̴۾ġ
Ҷ̴СذؿͻȻϵ飬ʵ鷿ʱôˣѧˣһȥأһͷ㶼ˡ
˵ػЩأһûвȥص۾ˡ
ֻСһЩûڵսСȭͷ֪ˣûͽ˵ϻ
ң㲻ϲҡСһ˵ţֿͰ͵Ҷ̴䣬㣬ôûһͽ
Ҷ̴ûѣʶԼԼȥͱˣԼҲ̫˼ˡ
Ҷ̴ţæû㣬Ҿ棬ɲ޿ˡ
ţ㣬áСһ˵
ǣҿģҶ̴ظ˵
ſСֵصŮľˣǣСССӶô˼ʲôϲϲģ
궼17˻ûǵǬԪأЩСôôǰôģ
ϵҶ̴ɲ֪Ůʲôһӣصֱۣذأ˯ɣ׻Ҫء
šСһ˵ջҪһǳһŶһԹԵı۾
֪ǲǴСذؾýĴԼĻ


171 
ڶһ, ҶС𴲵ʱ򣬾ͼС˯ڴϣԼ̴˯˲, ص˯ȴܺãƽڴ˯㡣
ҶԼ, ̴, ˡ
Сһ۾, ˼䣬ֱӷһȦѺ󱳺ƨɶ׼Ҷ䡣
, ԹԵˡ
ҶЦЦ, ذ簡, ҽ𴲡
硣Сһк, ȴǲȥҶ̴ԼҶ̴ˡ
ҶŮûѣŮСƨ, ˻Ů, ̴һҪȥ鷿Ͽأ˿, ˣ, ̫ɹƨˡ
Ҷ̴Լĸ׸ŪˣĴӴҶ, ĸףҪȥ鷿, ˯˯~
첻ǻĺȥС㿴ذضˣҪðǲǣҶš
СһҲҡҡͷǣǣ˯˯
ԣȥѧòãҶš
һԿţȾЦ⣬ɰ
ҶСذЦСһذЦʲôأ
ɰСһ˵
Ҷ䶼ЦˣذǶж˾ÿɰ
Ҷ̴ǲۣҶֻñСһһߵȥһߣǰСһˡ
Ҷ̴ĿԼĸףĸ׻˯
ѧ˯˸Ͱذ˺óԵģԺóԵˡҶ
кöԣҶ̴ǿӵ˴
Ҷ̴ȹֽŮСһͷ硣
ʰ֮ҶͽOСһ÷
ģǳЩӣٺȵţ飬ѧOЦõȪ⡣
лл̡عԹԵĻصڶͯԹԵĳر˹ġ
ٿԱߵĶͯŮҶ̴ѾĽ̻
ƣҶ䶼ЦˣڵԸͱ֣ԺֻǬԪǬԪһ㵹ҲûʲôҶҲû̫⡣
Oѵ̴ԣҭˡ
ûµףóӡһ˵СһһԼ
һԵҲӺóԣȹĶóԣţҲúȣСһԷĶҲڹ˼֡
ʱСӳ緹ҶͽOСһȥ
Ҷ̴һ·ǣصС֣ؿĵĲУ۾ĶҶ̴
ඣСϳඡҶ˵ţȰСذصݸѾ˳ĽOֱԼ
OأҶǱԼ̣Ҷ̴öûһĸףԼ
УСĵ㣬ıˤˡҶһ䡣
šҶ̴ı
һֱ۾ĿҶ̴ͺҶ̴ʲôÿɰһ
ʱҶǵ͵˻ʹſڡ
Ҷ˳СӶ·Ĵ󳼿ҶߵСһﻹЩ棬ΪҶͽO˵ڶӣ߽һŷһС¡
һӣ˷׷׹ݡ
μ¡
Ҳμ¡
غʮĵƽɡ
л¡
ԭԹϵĴ󳼸æˡ
Ҷ̴ߵߣذأǶأ߰ɣȥ鷿ˡ
šСӹɵĲУҶ̴ȥǣҶ̴ֲ֣ҡ
Ҷ䶼ˣСذԼ˺ü֣;ȥˣСڶŮʱҵġ
Ҷ䶼Цˣɴ˳ˮ̴ۣûСأǣŲУҪô
ǣŰذ~Ҷ̴ǽ˵
С֣ǣһ
ſڵǶˣ̫ŮһɲڳӼУǳʲôˣ
Ȳμ¡һʿ°ݸ
ɡغǳȵ˵ʵ˵ģЩʿɲҲС˷
л£빬
ؿҶ̴ЦЦ㣬߰ɡ
šҶ̴һ˵ţһǣؽȥˡ
ҶͽOһ·ϸ̺棬Сǣ鸮ȥ
һߣгѾʼ̸۽İˡ
С½ǺͿһġ
ҲˣºͻʺҲĴ󣬾ôһ̫ŮȻڳҹ
ҿҶͽOҲӹģСһиʧǸⲻ𡣡
Сɣ˼ұºͻʺûʲôأʲô
һߣҶͽOѾС͵鷿ſڡ
ҶҶ̴ŮѧصЩŮҲ鷿ſڡ
Ҷ̴鷿ȥѾ˼Ůɣ˼̫Ůˣ׷
̫Ů¡
ؿڵɡ
鷿Ҳ˲١
߿Ҷ̴һڴ˵㣬Ҫһ𣿡
Ҷ̴ǽĵ˵ͷţ߰ɡ
˵ţصС֣λǱȥ
Ůɾͼ컹޵ĲС£Цһ仨һ
λϣػתҶ̴
Ҷ̴û棬͸ɴץػֺСذɰĺٺ١
СذرˣǹԹԵСҶ̴棬ϲͺá
档Ҷ̴סĿ佱
һҲѧҶ̴˳˻˻ִкҪŰذˣһɡ
Сǣһ֣ҲЦˣȻûСأϸλҪ֡
ãˣúú͵´ŰɡЦ˵
ʱ˾͹ˣظ֮սսһգµۺС¿˵ﵽͷϣ˽չϿεʱǽš
ȻͼĵϲЦտģͺСС֡
˵ŷŻصˣλŮǶãǽҪʼϿˡ
һ˵ϿΣҶ̴ʶˣ˷飬ЩᱳˣҲ֪˼û˯ĸ׺׸ҪСһû˯ʵѾ̫ˡ
ò¿ˣҶ̴˶ˡ
صˣæܵҶ̴λѯʵ㣬ôˣ
Ҷ̴۾гһ϶û£̫ˣ̫ˣҪеԵͺˡ
㣬˸׼СذذҶ̴Ļ
Ҷ̴ȴûŵϣʼʰԼСذأʰˣҪؼҲˡ
¡ЩʧʰԼСһѧּˡ
ذأûСҶ̴ߴٵˣоһ˯š
ϣ㡣Сһֻ̫СʰҲΪ˽㣬Ŭӿٶȣ
һСһͰʰˣȻйŮš
СһԹߵҶ̴ߣҶ̴ǣ
Ҷ̴ͽкǣСذȥԽҶ̴Խ۾ˡ
ظæĵʵ㣬ôˣ
Ҷ̴ָָԼ۾ˣۡ
СذСץץ㣬ҪҪȥ˯˯ѽҹн̧ǡ
˵꣬Сһͽŵ߬Сȭͷ±ܾˡ
Ҷ̴е鷿߳ȥһʱ䣬ǲ
ѽذأȥ޵˯һҶ̴˵ţͶԵŽԼŮȥĸǣ˯һٻؼң̫ˡ
ŮסˣҲе𣿲ǹӦǣС
۾ˣҪȥ޵˯ˣܺͽһء
㣬ҵĽһòãСһָָԶĽ˵
ţѽҶ̴ҲǱߡ
ؿĵ㣬ȥɡ
á
С˽
صĽοյģжӳŵģλܶбǰȫ
СһϽ֮󣬹ȴûҶԭǻ̫Ůרõģչأǲʹõġ
Ϊ׵ǹŮѵ£ĽԵ˿ûȨ
ȴǲˣýͿǶùˣϽ̧ǻ޹ȥ
ǣ¡ǹŮҲҶȰֻ˸Ͻ
Ҷ̴ǵһֽú棬ָͣذأ档
ϲĻԺԳСһɵ
ðذã󷽡Ҷ̴佱
С̫Ůú۾ĶҶ̴
ʱ㱻̧޹Ǳߡ
ϧĶ֪ŮˣȥŮȻͼСڽϣǱ
ϧ˹ȥЦ̴Ҳѽ
ʺ̣ˣ˯Ҷ̴żϧ
ϧü䣬ãȥذط˯òã
ãлл̣ллذءҶ̴ɵ˵
л˵ţϧһǣһСһص޵
ذأҪһԷ˹ǡϧʵ
ţллĸ󡣡
ϧСȹСһ˴˯ţҪ¾ͺĹŮ
֪ĸ󡣡ظæӦ
ȼϧˣҶ̴̱֮صĴϣ˵صĴͦģҶ̴пذأĴͦġ
㣬ϲʱ˯ġعԹԵ
ţ˵ˣ̫ˣھ˯ˡ˵ţҶ̴۾ûһ˯ˡ
ؾԱ߹ԹţҶ̴˯տĵĲС
һСӹЩȣ޵Ȼ˱齵£Щȡ
Ҷ̴˯ãСһ߸Ҷ̴ȷ磬Ҷ̴˯úһ㡣
ǣϧȥԷʱ򣬾ͼԼСذһСӸ˯ŵҶ̴ȷء
ϧЦˣаɣͻˡ
ذأԷˡϧߵ˵
ӺĸҲҡ
ϧЦˣֵ˵СһıǼ⣬Ϣ𴲶ҡ
ϧֻԼ֣Ҷ̴̴̴𴲳Էˡ
ף˯~Сһﱧżϧһ߲һǻû˯ѣСһﻹΪڽ
ϧü䣬ͦɰģֲҰذôϲء
ϧҶ̴С̴һ緹˯׼˺öóԵģϲСġ
Сһӹ๾˺óԵģҶ̴۾
żϧЦЦ̣Ҷˡ
ϧЦŴȤղŲǻ𣿡
ٺ٣ϴˡҶ̴һһ۾
ɰͰذһԡϧְǵС˴ˮСӲְСһﴩȹ
ϧһһСһ޵ȥˡ
Ҷ̴Ҳ£˹ȥסĴʵ̺~
Сһﱧ˵ߣ̴ãϴμֳЩãͰذá
˵ţҶ̴ŵ˶ͯϧǰѰذطŵ˶ͯ
ԶɣСԵĶЦԼǰϲԳޡ
лл̣ҳˡҶ̴˵ʹڴڵĳ
Ȼеǽ壬Ӱ죬СһﻹǺܿɰˡ
˷ʵ̴ؼңڹסգ
Ҷ̴룬ѧʵ̫ˣӹﲻԼߣаذصĽһ㿪ڵҺͰذסգ𣿡
ЦȻԣסöУĸ׺᲻á
ٺ٣ллǡҶ̴ĵֵ
һҪסüգǿĵĲУ۾ˣãһסٺ١
ȥϢɣϢһذػü̫ءѵ
̫ŮɲôõģҪȥ鷿Σ绹̫רŹ̵
عԹԵ֪ĸʡ
Сһֻ޵Ϣ
ʱŵ˴Щ᲻뿪òײܺͽһ̫𷣣ֻȥ鷿顣
أҶ̴ڶˣ˯˸Ȼѣ֮ͽ˸׼˹ڴ߳ԵĲֺٲȻ⹬һ
ĹŮ֪ǿŮֺͱһҹϵǳҲû˸ҵλСڡ
Ҷ̴˹˺һصߣԼĵĲֺҪ޵б飬Ǽ죬ϲ
鷿ؽյıֳĺã棬شҲ̫ر⣬ʵҪ¿ΣܻȥҶ̴ˡ
̫οСС;˼⣬ǽձȵɡ
лл̫òĹֵлȵ߳鷿
鷿ͯԲű¶˳СŻԼ޵
㣬㡣
ߵҶ̴СһЦذأ޵治찡ҷˡ
ϲͺáغǿĵܵҶ̴ߡ
˻ߣ㲻ɣҶ̴ʵ
ظϽҡͷ⣬ϲĻҶ͸㡣
Ҷ̴ҡҡͷǱˣ´ιˡ
˿أСҲͦģôСҪһĿΡ
ذأÿ춼ҪһĿ۲ѽҶ̴һһߺʵ
ص˵СԴҡҡͷãĸ˵ˣֻұˣԺܶ԰պãܱ~
ٺ٣ذ湻˼ءҶ̴ĵ
ţϲˡ
㣬ֻҵΣ̫ῼҵġСһʧ
û°дģҵģһһȥԷҶ̴⡣
šص˵СԴһԵãʼϰд֣һñ顣
Ҷ̴һͼСëд֣̾˿̫Ůۡ
һֱˣذز£ߵߵߵĹҶ̴
Ҷ̴˱Сһذأࡣ
࣬Ϊ˱~Сһ۾ĿҶ̴˵
һĻñ˳ԷˣʧЦҡҡͷŮǴСͱ̴ˡ
̴ذأҪȥԷˣ˷档޵溰
ҮҶ̴Ӧߣǣؾȥ
ϣСһϴ裬ڴ档
Ҷ̴صһô࣬ܽ˵ذģҳˣҲɻ̫ۡ
۾ˣлл㣬Ҳúñġ
ţõѡҶ̴Ȼ̫СˣСذ˺ܴ󷽣Ҳû˵ôˣȻҪСذغˡ
ٺ١رҶ̴ģ￪ĵĲˣ˵ԼõѰ
ڶһ˴֮ؾȥ͹ŮǽʲôҶ̴ҲûȥܣˣȴһٲС
緹һȥ鷿һ·вٵĴ󳼶ˡ
̫ŮĽñأⲻ񷨰
Ҷ̴컹ڹأºͻʺﶼҶ̴Լĺӳţ˭Ҳ۵£
ǵǡ
һֻ۱һֻ۰ɣͽĸǳصģҲܵˡ
ǣǣ͵ûɡ
һװûˡ
СһûһҲ鷿ߣŮǼҶ̴ǺһģĽˡ
Сһǣֽ鷿طԸߵĹŮҪʳ
ǣ¡
ʱŮͰһµʳ˹
СĽʳд򿪣һһ̵СİڵҶ̴ϣĵıһСҶ̴Եĵʱҭ
㣬ЩǸ׼ģҪǶ˾ȳЩغĵ˵
ۣذãٺ٣ͶˡҶ̴۾ˡ
غԼĺ󾱣ϲͺá
ǣСһͳ˹ʱҶ̴Ѿ˰ӵˡ
˼Ҷ̴ϰڵĳԵģֱһڣѵҶ̴ϿΣϰôԵģðɣ
ȴվЩǱ׼ģҪǲԶ;εģ˱ֽ㡣
һ˵Сӣ˶ˣҶ̴ɫĶӣ̫Ůô˵ˣҲò̫ŮӣˣҶ̴ϿβŪ֪𣿡
ţллˡͬϿγԶˣٺ٣ģ


172 
Ҷ̴Թ, ˵ĻһΣһ߳Сģˡ
һü, Ҷ̴סعһҲûлؿ˼
СذԵú˯ú, Ҳ, ˼ĸ׺, ûëҶ̴ֱֲ˼
֮Ҷʵܲ, , Լǲؼ
Ҷɴȥ鷿Ǳߵ̷ѧ
Ҷ̴һһѧϰ, һ߳ԳԺȺ, ȷѧʱСһﶼԱˡ
ǣֳѧãͿԼĸ׵档
Ҷ̴æſص, Լĸ˹ȥ, ĸףѽ
ҶҶ̴ߺҪٲ, еСӶԼĶˣǲǣ
ٺ, ǣ׼漸ͻؼҵģذصĴ̫, Ҳ棬ҾͶ˼졣СһƤЦĽ͵
С, Һ׶ˣĸסҶ˵ţ̵СͼͰ͵Ŀ
ҶæСһ˹ȥذأôˣ𣿡
СһίͰ͵ĿҶ䣬קקҶ䣬̣Ҫ߽𣿡
Сһ￴ŶˣҶҪɢ˵Ķһ
ذأ̴öûؼˣҺ׶ˣȹЩʱòãҶš
Сһ˵ͷ򴽣á
ǰذԡҶ˵صС
Ҷ˵ŰҶ̴ŵ˵ϣ׼Ҷ̴ؼңذأҺˣȥ˺ͱ»лʺ˵һ
õ̡عԹԵ
ҶҶ̴Զˣ׷ȥ㣬ȵȽ㡣
Ҷ̴عͷȥСһͼСһСԼܡ
ذ㣬żҶСһˤæ˵
Сһ׷˹㣬ý빬ſ̫Զˡ
Ҷ̴ûأˣҲ˼ĸױȥôһ˵Ҷ̴۾ˡ
ذأá
ţġһϵ˵
ҶüģæֹǰذأǸһ㶮㶫̫Ů̴ƽʱһҲˣýרȥ̫ʡ
Сһ켱ˣǣǽ۵ģ̣ûϵģҺĸ˵ýɡ
СһȰ˵Ҷ䣬ҶһӶ켱ˣҲû취ܾˣٿԼ̡
Ҷ̴ͬĵ˵ͷǣǣĸף鷿빬ſ̫Զˣȶˣǰذغã֪ۡ
Ҷ̴˵ţȥ˱ء
Ҷ䶼СһˣУ
Ҷʵذأô죿
ţһҾͺáؼ
Ҷ˵ͷаɣ˼һ̫Ůô˵ˣԼҲûУ£УǱлл˰ذء
л̣㲻۾ͺáСһɵ˵
ذáҶ̴˵ţֱ˱أСһˡ
Һĸ˰ذأȥ㹬档Ҷ̴ػ˻˵
ţҵ㡣С۾û뿪Ҷ̴һ·͵鷿ſСһʧĻص鷿棬һ
Ҷ̴ڽϣĸףٺ١
ҶԼһۣʲô㶼ҲǵӴ󡣡
ذصģһôˣذô˼Ųƽء
ǣСһı͵˹ſڣҶӽϰСһﱧȥ
ʱ˾Ҷ䱧̣ССûĵģ벻ң
~Ҷ̴æ
ߣС챻˹ˣأߺߡҶ䱧СһһڣԼСһȻ磬ôԾ
ҶоСһ½еһ飬ʵǴĶŪģ
Сһֲ֣Ͽεʱˣ˵ĵ·ˡ
Ҷһͷ󣬡ǣϿôԶ˲𣿡
ذغ˵ˣ˵Զεģ˱ҳԶʱŪ˵ţҶ̴˸á
ҶüģǣСذض̴᲻̫簮һ㣿̴ҪϵСذض취Ūô
Ҷ̴ΪĸǺԶ̫ˣӰأοĸģҳԶܰģӰεġ
ȻĶʮУкüСŮֻ󣬿Ҷ̴ԶСһﶼһһˮ¿εʱСŮɵȹǰ󶼲ʪˡ
ҶԼԼѾû취ˣСһЦЦУͦãͦð
ٺ٣ҲͦáСһͬĵ˵ͷ
ȻصҶ̴Oæ˵˽OףҺѽ~
OЦİСûĵıĶˣ⼸ҿ㵹ֲ˼ģҺĸ׶˰ɣ
ٺ٣ûУնءСһơ
Сǣڹ⼸չôû۸ذأOЦʵ
ûУذؿɺˣָҺóԵģ档СһرĿġ
Ҷں廰ۼŮô鷿ſڵġ
OƬЦ·£Ҫ㱧вҲܽ
O˵ţЦŮ԰ɣ̴
СһҡҡԴĵŷǰذذѽˡ
OҲˣǣ̫ŮĽҲ
ţذߵ̫ˣϽȥſڡҶ̴һȻӡ
Oһǣ̴ذǺûҲǾպذؿҪŮ۵ģʵ۵Ľһɲ֪֪
Ҷ̴С죬ĵӦ֪ˡ
OԼ̣ԡ
Ҷ룬ǲͽO˵ԼϿγԶˣýO
ϣҶ̴ҶǸճ극׼ϴأˡ
Ҷæù̽ΪŮмأϾôˡ
ˣǱм𣿡Ҷʵ
Цҡҡͷǣǻ̫Ů·ԸС˰С͹
˵ţ̻˻֣ͼļŮ̧һ鴲
ЦŽ͵̫Ů˵ˣС˯ϰ˵µ±һ޵һĴ͹ˣȻС˯á
£ʹˡҶЦǣĺӶôĵʹ涼뵽
ȣһ´ˡҶգգ۾Ȼ֪Ҫ˼Ǯġ
ãȥ˵ţֶԹļ˵λ롣
ʱʣһڣ͹Ĵ棬Oһʱ
ҶСӱϣҶ̴С˵˼һúõĻ̫Ůɶˣ
ϲңߺߡҶ̴һľ˵
Уţ˰ɡҶ䶼ˡ
OҲüģǣС»᲻̴̫ˣ
ҲáҶͬ
϶ǺѣذضҿɺˡСһһȻӡ
ҶͽOһֲۣ˵ʲôϾ˼һ̫Ů룬ܲ˵СɣⶥҲǽõĹϵðˡ
ˣǱɣҲˡҶ˵ű˴档
Oʵȥ
ȥ̴̴棬Ͷˣǹ˰ذص⡣˵ţҶȥԼ̻ˡ
ϣҶ̴ɵСһĴϣò˵õĶǺã˯
Ҷ俴ԼԵõСģЦŴչȥ̡
̴ϢҺҲȥϢˡҶ
~СһҶͽO
ҶͽO˱ԼҵŻ˷䡣
һߵش鷿޵֮ͻ겻ģԼ޵߶ڵأǽġ
СһͰ͵һ˶߱ϷǼϧСһſԼŮڸ
ذأ㣿ϧʵ
Сһһ߱ڻĸЩǽϲġ
ϧûסýס˿ڱǣôСӻö˼ˣ
ذعԣ̴ˣʱסҲˣñɣ
ǣ⼸նϰ˽ˡСһͰ͵˵
ذعԣѧܼˣȥԷ
ǣʱ̫ĿΣԹԻ˷䡣
ùСһϴ裬ԼͰ͵޵ĴϣôһŴôСһأԵø¼ˡ
Ҳ֪ȥĴϲϲ˯ŵʱ¡
ûûεҶ̴˯ˡ
ڶȥѧãɸҶ̴׼˺óˣС˵ЦģֻǷѧʱΪ׺ĸ̫ŮĽˣҶ̴;ܾء
㣬㣬㻹ҵĽɣжعɵ˵
˰ذأĸ˵Ľֻл̫ŮҾͲˡҶ̴ľܾء
һػһЦأҶ̴ĻСһֻСȭͷ߬Ľģֱίĺۿ㣬㲻ϲ𣿡
ѽذأĸ˵ǸҲǲϲ㡣Ҷ̴͵
ȻСһͿરવµҵľǽģ㲻ˣҲҪˡ
˵ţСһĽӰરવµ
Ҷ̴ÿˣϽȥ壬ذްúúã㲻˺òã
˵ţҶ̴СȥزúõһС£Ҷ̴ֻСèһ
ƫƫػ͹ԹԵվҶ̴ŽϺҲ㣬㻹ҵĽòã̫ˣ½㲡~
Сһһűӣһ߼ȰҶ̴Ҷ̴ĺ⡣
ãذصġҶ̴˵ţСµϺҲһȦǿСһɾˣͬʱСһķ͸ŪˣúõСӣըëˡ
Ҷ̴ٴҲֻǸСӣϵȣû취ػָֻͣСֺҵĸͷصͷȥûôҡ
£Ұͷ˾ͺÿˡҶ̴һ˵ţһʹ˳̵ľŪͷ
ԱߵĹҪǰæֲңСߵ˶֪С°Ҷ̴ıʲôҪҲְ
ллҡСذع˳ĵл۾գѽգĿҶ̴
л˭˭Ҷ̴ǽ˵


173 
һֱҶ̴, ŷſСһذأ, ˣĽߡ
, ټСһ˻С, 
Ҷ̴˽, СһЦЦллذأ
㡣ըëСҶ̴˻, һֱʧҰ, Сһʧ˸ط¡
ŮСĹȥʵ, ͷ, òūٰһ£
СһҡҡͷãѾˡ
ŮС¶һͷըë, ֹ, ջǱ졣
һֻˡ
Ůر˳һźƺƵ޵ķȥ
ϧ, ֪ԼŮˣæӭ˳ȥ
ذػ, ôۿô죿ʲôˣϧʵ
СһﱻŮ˽ί˵ǲýҵĽҾͿ޿, Ȼͺң, 㻹ˡ
Сһ϶˵ϧҲˣҶǲ̴ҲеŮȻίˡ
ϧԼС̫ŮͷˣЦͷôŪģôըëˣ
СذعԹ˵Ҳᣬͷɰ𣿡
ϧСһףɰСذɰˡ
ٺ١Сһ￪ĵˡ
ǣһֱ˯زŮ°ͷ
Ǿýĸÿ
ڶһ磬С͵鷿ſڵţԼһ£ÿջߺԶ·鷿ɴһ㵽鷿ȻԼĽȥҶ̴
Ҷ䱧Ҷ̴³֮ǣСһ˻ʹĴţͼԶͣŵĽеϤ
̫Ụ̊æС˹СóСȥ鷿
Ҷ俴˿СһСһ￪ڵҪǲذؿ϶Ҫޱˣĸףȥˡ
УȥɣҰ͵鷿ſߡ
Ҷ̴ǿĵ˽ܿڽԺһˡ
Ҷ俴ԼСģһ
񲻽Լ̣̫Ůṇ̀ʹ˽ˣǼ̴ҲǶһˡ
Ҷ̴ʲôеĿڽϱĿ񣬵Ҷ䣬ΧϵдͶ̽ѰĿ⣬ŪҶ仹ͦεģɲ̴ģǻ̫ŮҪġ
ܿĽͣҶѻ۾Сһﱧ̴ѣۣطСڡ
Сһűˣ˲Զһ
㣡
Ҷ̴һɲǰذ
ٺٰذأлл˹ңáҶ̴һһβʺƨ
С±ͿҲűˡ
ϲͺáСذص˵
߰ǽȥҶ̴˵žǣصС֣Ҷĸףǽȥѧϰˡ
ҶʧЦĵ˵ͷҲ֪ԼŮȥѧϰ˻ȥˡ
ҶɴƵںȥ׼̴ôϿγԶġ
ҶվſڣСһѾߵλϡ
ԼŮλϣСذǽ˹Ůʳж˹
ССִʳУһһ̵ĵ¶˵Ҷ̴ϣػҶ̴кãٽһŵϣҶ̴׼Сӡ
Ҷ俴üֱͻͻǣС¾ôϲ𣿰ǰչԼŮؼŮȻİõıչˡ
СһҪǳһˣԼŮٳϾھ͹ˣ鷿ϿλҪԳԺȺȵģ˻ˣ
Ҷ̴ȫ֪ԼĸʲôһСľͿԣҲΪʲôСһÿηѧؼңǵ˺ö
ʱ˾͹ŮϿˣ·ҶʱζĶҶ俴˰ΣͺڸҶ䣬ܹСڰɣڿϾͳԳԺȺȣɺͳ
ҶǳЦЦͺ˵ҵ£˼һ̫Ůõģҿɹܲˡ
˶ݵ񽻷棬˺ܿĽ˰ϿΡ
ҶſվſһȻͼԼгкȵģһ㲻ԼˣΨһοǣҶ̴ԶôûŪĶȻΡ
ЦǣұߵڶŵһСŮɣҲꡢͣȫעܵ˳ԳԺȺȵҶ̴ϣʱʱĽ죬ˮˡ
ҶЦ˳ȥУٿȥõֳСҲ̫Щ
ֲŮųѧأԳԺȺȵģ˭
ļҲһҶ̴鷿￪ĵĲУϿξͳԳԺȺΣ¿ҪôǺСذ棬Сذȥ⣬ԼȥұĽ棬ǹúܿġ
СذأԼȥʱ򣬽ͻȥұ棬ȻͲˣɴ಻⣬ȲŽ㣬Ȼʱ̫ͺá
һҶ̴ʱʱ̶̿һСβͣƫƫСβֹرչҶ̴ϰظˣȥĶӰģö֮ȨȦʹСһл
е˵Сһϵãе˵ҶǺͱһصĶף˵Ҷ̴̫Ůݰ϶ʲôУϾҶ̴ڽʹĶǻ̫ŮĽ
ʱΪϢûдٴ죬ֻڹ˼磬ҲֻһҡҶһҶѡ
ڹȲˣù˰ϲ߶˳͵Ҷ̴ء
ʱҶͽOҶ̴޵ߣҪҶ̴ȥ񣬲ԶһСӡ
~
Ҷ̴ֳ֣ذأСĵ㡣
ٺٽ㡣СһҶ̴˺ö࣬ѾҶ̴Сˡ
ǺáһЦһߺҶ仹нOʺá
СذغãȴȥĸǴкٹҶЦ
ŷҲȥغҶ̴С֣ɿ
ҶôģСЦӦУǾһȥ߰ɡ
ٺ٣ŷغǿĵ˵
ҶǱСһ޵
մųҶˣЦǼ磬ڼһͺã񡣡
ҶͽOأֻգǺðɣأôû
ӦÿˣһӦþ͵ˡЦ
ĸʣҺͽȥˡظϽ
Цŵ˵ͷУȥȥɡ
Сһָܳȥ޺͵˾̾ˡ
Цʵذغ̴أ
˼ȥˡЦ޶ҪûСҶ̴ɾ汻ذˡ
޶Цˣǣļٵģذزǻ𣿡
ҲΰЦ̾˿ôˣỤʳˣʰذأ̴ܲܺͱСŮ档
϶£С϶ϲһ档Ӧ
ǼҰذ̴ͱСŮҪãɾҪޱˡϧЦŵ٩
һӵĴ˶òУƫƫЩʵСӣѾỤʳˣҪǳ˻ˣ


174 
ѾҶ̴ȥ޵, 㣬Щ߶ϲģ档
СӹԹԵĿҶ̴, ϣԼ׼ߣϲ
Ҷ̴Ȼϲ, ǣСȥ, һ, ޵ĵϱɢŸʽߡ
СһһľǷ衣
ذأǸľ, Ҫ·Ҷ̴ָӵ
عԹԵͷ, ľӸҶ̴˹, Ȼ۾Ҷ̴
Ҷ̴ýľӰ, ڴĵطϵ˺ᣬʱһֻŷɫľӾŪˡ
Ҷ̴˷ܵİŪľ, СӷԱ߱˱, ذأ㣬ֿɰ, ۷۵ģٺ١
СһСһ, ҲҶ̴ֿɰˡ
СһһͱҶȥԷ, Сһֱ𱧵˶ͯ棬Цذء̴, ԹԳԷòã
ãСһǸӵӦ
˽Ǹո˵ĻЦأذأҶ̴ҪǺͱСŮһˣ᲻
СһƲƲ죬ίۿˡ
Ҷ̴ضˣæҿûͱ棬ذزŷ
СذؿͰ͵ĿҶ̴~
ذɰˣҾϲͰذ档Ҷ̴Ͻһ䡣
Ц֪ϲˡ
޿棬ǣĺռȻôǿҲͦȤġ
˶һۣҲˡ
˶ȥ¡
Ҷ̴صСҲȥ棬СһвסҶ̴˶һˮ
Сһ棬һ滹һ߿Сһϵ·ûһʪˡ
ϧˣЦˮɣһĸðˡ
̣ˮ档Ҷ̴Ц
ϧ˿ԼŮֿ˿Ҷ̴̴Ҫڹסգˮһɴϴˮ裬ˡ
Ҷ̴ȻûʲôĶ治棬ο߸࣬˵ͷѽлл̡
ҶȴǲģŻˮСһ̴ɱϴ˻ؼңذסҲˣû
Сһ˵ͷˡ
ֹһҶǱˣĻſɾ͹رˡ
ҶչȥҶ̴̴ڹԹҹòã
Сһﻹں棬Ƿܵĵ˵ͷţá
Сû˵ʲôҶԼĴ̵ǻؼѾǲˣֻԼˡ
֪ĸҡСһܵĸһ顣
Ҷŷġ
Цˣô̴ؼˣȥһֱסڹùͰذһСӣ顣
ǿЦģĻȴǿļˣСЦĿԼĸʡ
ҶЦǿɲУҺͽO᲻á
˵ţҶЦſأ㿴ذض쵱ˡ
һȻŮһڴĿҶء
Ц㳤ˣ̴ˣһֱˡ
СһЩ¶ͷ漴۾ĿԼĸʣĸʣ
Цŵ˵ͷţģǳһĸˣնһ𡣡
Ҫ㳤󣡡Сذڵ˵
Ҷ䶼ЦˣֻǾЦϾԼŮ꣬ذҲ룬ʲôǺܾԺ飬ڸÿǡ
Ͼӳкóһʱ䣬ǻģСʱϲˣһҲϲ
Ҷ̴Сذ˵Ҫ㳤ЦŹȥصҪҪھͿɰ
һΪѵģĸ˵˾Զͽһˣǽȴ˵ڵԼɰ
СһץץԼСһ֪ôӡ
Ҷ䶼СһȵˣչȥصСذأôôɰģǳˣ϶Ҳϲ㡣
ܱʲôϲ֮ӴСһ𳤴ǲٵģԺ㲻һҲǺýһӡ
һҶô˵ЩߵĿҶ̴~
Ҷ̴ǽСһļ򣬡ţҲϲذأذؿɰ
ֱ˿ɰСӵѸٺˣСذغǿĵıı
ҶͽOֱԼס
O̴ҪԹԵģҪúúദ֪֪
Ҷ̴ĵ˵ͷ֪ˣ
ϣСһϴ֮˴
غǹɵĲſҶ̴㣬ĸ˵ˣԺ󳤴ˣˣǾͲ÷ֿˡ
Ҷ̴СҲ㲻ʲôгףҲתأ°¡
ǽ㣬ȣȰذسˣͣͺͽףЩߣ˵϶ġ
Ȼ֪ʲôĸʺĸȷʵ춼һҲͽ
Ҷ̴֪ʲô˼ذضô˵ˣȻôӦˡ
Ҷ̴ǽĵ˵ͷУǳ˾ͳף
ذػͦɰģֺãֻ׼óԵģְѺøȻøذظӡ
ٺ٣лл㡣Сһ￪ĵ˵
лذأǲˣģɰ󡣡Ҷ̴˵Сصࡣ
Сһˣϲý󣬡ٺ٣á
Ӧ£㳤ˣҲûǹ
޵ֵصŮˣЩ𣿻̫ŮСôһͿʼ׵
ŮһۣæֻҵĴߣС̫Ůһİˡ
ذأСҲɰҶ̴˵ţƤص⡣
ֵڴŤٺ٣~㡣
𣿡Ҷ̴Ҳˡ
Сһڴ˺һ˯£Ů˿
ļգҶ̴ػԻȣϿεʱҲǵĹϣ¿˸̫ŮĽع
һʱ䣬СһĴԾ͸ˣһϣеļŹһġ
еһ˿ڵ˵ְǸСպͻ̫Ůһȥ鷿Ķǻ̫ŮĽ
˵ˣ̫Ůջ׼ĺ͹ҼǸСèϿζſҶ̴Զˣÿؿ϶һƬˮӡĶˮˡ
ô˵°
԰Ҷ̴ʱסأºͻʺҲϲŮһš
ǲЩĺӶûˣ
ĶǴԹ˭Լĺպ󵱴ѵĻʺ
Сģ˾Ͳ֪ˡ
ҿҲһС̫ŮոСͻˣ˻˵ã
ҲǣͱµĹϵͺãպҲ
ţֲļֹϹǴԭûеģЩɣŪٵˣǶĺãҲ벻ҶͽO˿ɶǱǰĺˡ
Ҳδ֪һҶ̴С¶ֻǬԪǶֻЩ˵ĺӲл𣿡
˵Ҳǡ
ҶͽOǱߣǵ̴ѾնûؼˣҶһڣСһﲻżҵΪǲ
O˵˵̴ѾչȥˣСûĵڹﻹͦģһ㶼Ҷ²̵
㻹֪𣿾̰棬ȥͺˡOЦŰ
ҲǡҶ鷿ѧˣȥСһӻ


175 
ʱ÷ɿ, תۼҶ̴ѾʮˣһͤͤŮüۼϡҶͽOӰ, ȴıԼĸ׻׸Ӻÿ
ҶԼ̺⣬Ψһû뵽, ̴ʮȻֻ, ΪƤŮֻǬԪء
ҶԴ˵ν, Լ̴ǬԪԼúñκʧ
׹˳ȵȴʮֻǬԪ, ⵹û뵽, ҶΪذػֻġ
ֻǬԪ, Ϊֻʹ, ڴһգɵ֪ʱȴǻϲˡ
ʵԴӽ֮, ر, ףһǬԪ, ҲӹźʣԸ, ֻļʺܴ
ʱҹξѣεԼͽ㶼˳ˡ
ƴҪȥץҶ̴, ȴÿζֹҶ̴ȷֿ, һ
ÿξѣرᱧű͵͵ĿޣһֻʪСһԼڴ˿ڣƫƫǻ̫ŮеЩ˼˿ҪǶ˷ó
غܺ£±˻㣬ǴӦģǳˣҪ׵ġ
֪Լֻһգ쿪ˣ޲òԼϵʹֱȥҶ̴̴㣬ٹ꣬Ǳܳˡ
֪طֻҶͽOϲǣϲССһ˳һˣǵǣǼ̴ѵԸѲպҪʺ
ЩҶͽOûкҶ̴˵Ǽ̴СûûΣÿղ֪࿪ģҶͽOΪЩģ̴ͻС׵黹Ժ˵Ϊá
һգ鷿ŮɣǬԪ׼ȥͻ
⼸תůһׯһѾ԰˴һʲô
˵ҪҪҶ̴һȥ
Ҫ˰ɣ̫Ů¿϶⡣
ܻ̫Ůʲô£Ҷ̴Ҷ̴̫Ůǻ̫Ůһɡ
ǣҶ̴û̫Ůƾʲôܺһȥ棿
Ҫ˵ȥ˵ҿɲȥۏˮ
㵨ӣȥǵŰɡ
ɼҵŮֱͦ˱ҪǱȥλЩӢŮǬԪZƽ±ǹ
ʮСŮɣʱҶ̴ǳ໹ǼǶһһģ鸮ЩʵвٵŮǬԪϲҶ̴ֻǰڻ̫Ůû˸ұ¶ˡ
ZǸ鹢ֱŮɣҶ̴ˣЩ۶ˣֻ壬ȴҹȥ롣
Ҷ̴Ϣûпպһȥһ˵ǽһˣرĺÿ׼⣬Ұ⿾ԣҪҪһ𣿡ZЦʵ
Ҷ̴Ҳû룬ϢҲڼţͷӦˣðҲûʲô£ȥҲͦã費Ҫ׼ʲô
Ҫ׼ЩʳһǶõģǾóԵĵطZЦſҶ̴
Ҷ̴ҲЦˣҲǣʲôʳԵģܵһʱԵģԼĸЩݸǺóԵĲУȻҪȥ棬Ҳ˴һЩˡ
УҲһЩȥܳ԰ʳҶ̴˵ţЦ
תţ߿ӶЦˣصۿͺˣ⼸һֱԼ̫ˣĽѾ˼ִģʮ룬ǸĺӣЩͽͬŮǬԪ
ɫ΢ۿȴԽԽ죬һֱίͰ͵ĵҶ̴
Ҷ̴Z˵˻תλʱ򣬾ͼۿ
Ҷ̴Ķ֪Ҫ˵Ԥףæ˹ȥָ²˲䣬ôǣö˶˵ôҪˣǷʲôˣ
صરવңǡҵҶ̴ֱϣҶ̴ҲһСһôˣ
ذأôˣ
ûû¡һ˵û£һ˳ȥ
Ҷ̴״æ׷˳ȥذشСͰޣǬԪҲǰޣҶ̴æ׷ȥòײסصͣ
ôˣԹԸҺòãҶ̴Żӻóزᡣ
صĵһӦǣĽ㣬漴ֿ޵
Ǻһ𳤴ãҶ̴޳ۻˣһ߰ᣬһʵذأʲô˵˭ҪǸ۸㣬ھͰѵ
ؿͰ͵ҡҡͷᣬҶ̴æ§§޲ޣǰذˣ˺òã˵˵ôˣ
һҡͷһߵǸԲ㣬㻹Ǳˣûµġ
ôУôܲ㣬˵˵ôˣҶ̴͵ʵ
ͣұͻģ԰ĻˣܺÿȻѾԼ˱ˣҹԹԵŽˣȥɣңԼһҲûϵġ
ؿ޵һžµС޻ˣȻصɫδѣǲѿٹһ꣬һǸӡ
Ҷ̴ۻˣǺСһ浽ãҴӦ˵ԼʲôÿǺܹ¶ˣСֻԼһѣԼպͱȥˣˣô죿
ʵҶ̴һ߸زһߺţңңҿǵĲܵˣһȥ˵ղȥʲôˣҲûʲô˼뿴һǹĺ԰ǣ㿴Ȼں԰￾òã
һ߿һҡҡͷңһ˽ȥε£㣬ûϵģȺȥɣڶ㣬пңҾѾˡ
Ҷ̴ô΢۾ˣÿղҪϿΣҪ£ر࣬ԼĲﲻæǰǿޣˡ
ûУԭҲȥģֻǴҶͬҲƾܣһҪҵİذأҾ͸ȥˣˣһСǬԪôô᣿
Ҷ̴һߺţһ߼زᡣ
һǵٴε㣬ûϵңǲ̫ճˣ~Բ𣬽㣬ҡϲ㡣
ؿ޵Ҷ̴ԼˣǷϹӦ˵Լʲôİذض޳ˣúõС̫Ů޻ˡ
غ߼۵ĻҶ̴æ˽˻ţǰذصĴҵĴԺϢˣұ㣬ʵȥҼ棬ٲֿˣҲӦ˵ԼˣԺֻ㣬òã
С̫ŮҶ̴ļӣۿĿҶ̴㣬ãϲˡ
Ҷ̴ֻڶԼãҲϲذأˣСè
ٺ٣ǽСèغۿȻһЦһĴҶ̴֡
ܿģҶ̴ǣػ鷿յضߵȻȥãȥؾǣȥ㡣
ؼۿͰ͵ĵ˵ͷǹ˳ĻصԼλá
Ҷ̴ѾߵZߣЩ˼Ŀڵ˼յĽҾͲȥˣҼл£ջýʵǳ鲻ʱҸոոˣԲסˡ
ôôͻȻZĸԭ佫Ҳֱڿ죬뵽˱㿪˳
£ҸԺлһȥɣԲס˰λҶ̴Цźͼ˵
Zһ˼˲ԾոҶ̴Ӧһȥģĺͻ̫Ůȥһˣıأ
Zţ̧ȥأöصӣسЦһ£ЦһZΪۻˡ
ٿȥͼҶ̴Ѿ߹ȥˣԾǸۿͮͮĹ˳ģҶ̴
Ҷ̴չȥص࣬ЦźСްˣҺ˵ˣղȥˣֻ㡣
лл㣬ϲˡЩߵ˵
Ҷ̴ЦˣСèˣڹңһȥ㡣
šغŶͷӦһȻںţ΢΢ֲܿɫĻָ˹˳Сģ


176 
ǵڶһ, Ҷ̴˹̴˲ٵȪ׼һһ⴮ԡ
Ҷ̴ߵſڵʱ, ͼſڵһСϣŮһ, һ߿, һʱʱԶ
Լʱ, ۾˲ˣԼС˹, ˡ
, Ҫǲ, Ҫޱˡ
Ҷ̴ص, Ц
ˣҽյĹˣĸ˵, ҽŽһ졣ǣҶ̴
Ҷ̴Ц, ߰ɣȥ԰䣬Ȼ޵档
šؿĵӦһ
һȥ˺ι, ؿҶ̴㿴, ŵĺô󰡣ÿɰ
Ҷ̴ߵСЦѽ, ʲôɰ
磬ùں԰˻¯, Ҷ̴ǩõ⴮ܵ¯Ͽ˽һ԰Ҷ̴
ͼϧȥʱ򣬾ͼһ⣬Ѿһ̣ԼŮһ⴮ιҶ̴ԡ
Ҷ̴ҲȻĳŮ⴮ͼϧһۣε̾˿ٹ꣬Сһĵóˡ
˿⣬Ҷ̴һ˶ΪѾֻ˵Եʣһ˯ˡ
Ҷ̴׼ȥͷ˯һء
ĿҶ̴㣬һȥ㡣
Ҷ̴ЦЦãһ
ȴûмŻԼסɫްĶҶ̴뿪ķ򣬹Ȼڻ̫鷳ˣͽһϢˡ
صĴһֱߣŻصԼ޵
~~
ǼȥҶ̴ѾʮˣҲѾʮ߸ˣ˶ͤͤŮ
Ҷ̴һǵЩѫ˼û̽ҶͽOĿڷ磬ǻ̫ŮǱĻЩ˼ҲҶǽס
ȫҶˣԼ̺òײҶ޲ŮһӶסڼأµȻ
꣬صԽȣڳµǰ˵ϲŭɫֻԼǰŻСʱǰ
Ѿ˶İףҲѾʼ봦¡
òϢʱ䣬رȥҶĸϣӭҪӸҶ䡢
ҶˣЦذأôпչˣ
ţ鶼ˣҽġسҶ޺ЦЦ
ҶҲ˵ͷҪ˵⣬ǵЩǬԪȻǶԴС⣬ֻԼŮ͸һûⷽ룬ǰذأҶðذػǶŮģҶȻҲԼżȥɡ
ȥɣ̴ںԺءҶѵ
ţлл̣ȥҽ㡣˵ţһ̱Ҷĸȥ
Ҷ͵Ц˼Ů»صأͦãðذСһҲżż
ʱرСȥҶ丮ĺ԰ȻͼҶ̴ڹϵѡء
ü䣬ԶԶе~
Ҷ̴̧Цղæôпˣ
ţ鶼ˣ㣬ڸƹһڵϣҶ̴ǰ
һϳԣеĹˣеû죬ϸҶ̴һ˵ţһϡ
һ۾ĿҶ̴ҾͲЩֻųԽõġ
Ҷ̴ЦˣѽС㶼ʼˣĶܱȵģվǳԳԺȺġ
Ųǣġؼʺƨ
Ҷ̴ԼĶλǺ׼ȷģĸ׺׶ҲҪʲô˶Ȳı죬ֻϣÿնĵģĸ׺׾ˡ
Ҷ̴Ҳȷʵôģÿնǵģʱ飬ʱȥԼҵÿնúܿģذȴԽԽˡ
֮ǰÿձҪһһΣֻ겻ˣذѾʼˣһˣʵѾְһЩ齻˰ذش
ذس˴£ҪԼЩǾһС͢һǻʵ̸ذİס
Ҷ̴һϣ˫һϳˣȥҷϡ
ţ㣬̫ˣðɡؿҶ̴϶̲סˣܱ㱧ڻأΪǬԪԵʣ⼸궼úͽ׽ˡ
Ҷ̴˵ߣȷʵеɴݸߵĹŮԼϵҡ
æȥԼĽ˳Ҷ̴ϵۡ
Ҷ̴еĽˣЩϧ֪ͲҲˣˣֿϧġ
˵ʲôأЩĶܱȵϽҪ˵ţرּϸϸΪҶ̴֣ĸҶ̴ÿһָ
һ߲һ߿Ȼ㣬ָôÿûһأԺ˶
ǡýűһЩɶʯͷ򴽣ȥһ̣ر㾪~
Ҷ̴״æ̵ֽ˻Сĵ㣬԰ﱾʯͷ࣬㿴Щ¡
ţ˻еۣҿһ¡ίĽҶ̴࣬˲䡣
Ҷ̴ǲģʵǲŤˣȥѸҽҹ㿴ǧˡ
æסҶ̴õĽ㣬ҵĽû£һʱЩۣǽ˸ҽĸ֪ˣҪСˡ
ǣһ˵أҶ̴ǵġ
ؿͰ͵Ҷ̴㣬ȻҿҪĺٽиҽǲأұЪЪͺˣòã
Ҷ̴˵ͷţҷ㡣
Ҷ̴˵ţؽֱ۴ԼĲ棬Ҷ̴Լķȥˡ
ؽŵҶ̴һ࣬˸ǿҶ̴ĻۿҶ̴㣬ǲѹˣ۲ۣ
Ҷ̴ֿˣæû£û£Ŷ᣿ôѹأ۲ˣ
ع˳ҡҡͷֻҪڣұʲôˡ
ѽСʱһԡҶ̴üۼЦ⣬ŮͶʱСغȻǳˣɻСʱһɰҲһޡ
˺ĹһͷҶ࿴һۣȴ²
λڹʱɲģǰ󳼶ƽϲŭɫǺ飬ĶһǸŮˣӱҪΡ
СӲǵµָɽˡ
~㡣
ôˣǲ۵ˣҶ̴ŵʵ
ҡҡͷû·ϵʯ̫ˣֱˡ
Բ𣬶Բ˼ǲˣǰЩ˰ȦһŪ˲ٵʯӻûüһǰѺ԰ɨɾҶ̴յ
ЩСʯӰ˵ˣǰذزһ׽ģСʯӰһ½´˵Ҳпܵġ
ֽ㣬ԼĴ㣬áؽεεҶ̴Ļ˴ա
ѽôذؿ϶ⲻȥŰѴԼġ
ϲ㡣۾ĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴ûʲôӦԾɷأԭذشСϲ˵ϲԼҶ̴ѾˣĶ
ǹ۲Ҷ̴ɫҶ̴ɫ糣ȫȻûԼոյĻزЩʧ䡣
ͬʱЩԼ֪⻰˵ö˾Ͳˣ㲻հ⻰ߡ


177 
Ҷ̴طԼķ, ȥЬ࣬ᰴصĽ
Ť𣿻Ҷ̴һʣһӨĽϰ˰, ĵʵ
~~
ôˣ̫ǲǣҶ̴æʵ
ûе, ǲ̫, ͺ, Ҳҽٹ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴ᰴ˰û𣿡
صͷ, û, µ, 
Ҷ̴ػоԼ, ֪˲أæͷãҰ, ˵Ļ, ҡ
ţлл㡣˵ţضҶ̴ǲȻһЦ
Ҷ̴û취, ֻİŽ
~Ūĺصֽġ
~
Ҷ̴ûע, ԽԽò̫Ծ㿴أذأ
һ޹ĿҶ̴, 㣬ô𣿡
Ҷ̴Լ, Լһ٣ذػôСأִСô϶Ե˼Լôذأ
û£û£Щ𣿡Ҷ̴һ˵ţһ߽䵽صĽϡ
ţŪˡؼü䣬ʱʱĽεᴭ
̺˶ˣҶ̴ҲӲû롣
һضˣһķӦûУֲеЦãһû˱˼
ذأõûУҶ̴ʵ
ҲȷʵˣԹԵ˵ͷöˣѾˣ㣬ˡ
ã˹һˮк˶˹
Ҷ̴¸شЬ࣬ȥˡ
Լϴ֣Żص˴ߣذأԻ·𣿡
Ҷ̴˵ţأҶ̴һᣬͰ͵㣬ЩҺ¡
ã²£ءҶ̴˵ţ㽫ڻСķԲȥ
Ůһۣ׷״ͷٶ࿴
ǵڹǶôеһˣ·ǽģôһС֮ˣҲҶ࿴ֻ²۵µ·̫
һϱ㱻Ҷ̴Ƶǰذأ԰ɡ
ţлл㡣˵ţسҶ̴õЦЦԹԵĳϡ
Ҷ̴һգʵߣ绹øһϳʵڲޡ
ߵʱҶ̴㲻Ҫüռˡ
Ҷ̴Ц鷿ܼˣԣջȥЩϢ
˵ţҶ̴߹ȥ˱أرҶ̴ĺˣ㣬Ѿʼˡ
Ҷ̴ЦˣҲǾǰľͿʼˡ
ţһֱͽһ𡣡۾ĿҶ̴Ҷ̴Ļ˲䡣
Ҷ̴Цĺ󱳣ĻСһȥɣ춼Ҫˡ
ţ㣬һȥġؼ
ãҲ㡣Ҷ̴Ц
˵˰Ļ뿪߳˿رָֻϲŭɫɫƽ˳˼ôý֪⡣
Ȼصȥϴ裬ߵʱ򱧹Ҷ̴ϻҶ̴ϵζϴζ͵ˣɴڶһϴ衣
Ǽչȥ鷿ݼ٣رҶ̴档
Ҷ̴ҲƴǣÿζǺͰذһģľ˹ſڵҲԴ˼ֲ֡
СҪ빬ѽ
ţơҶ̴Ҫƣͱˡ
òãֱӽȥͺáͳæҶ̴ʹ͵ŵƣ֪òóһӣολܿδ̫Ů˭ҵﰡ
УȽȥˡҶ̴˵ţ߽˹
Զˣŵԡ
˵С̫Ůʲôʱ鰡
֪˵˶ˣС궼ʮˡ
㣬˭֪أ
Ҷ̴ȫ֪˵ֱۣȥ˶
رڴ£˵Ҷ̴ˣæ鷿˳
ֻڼҶ̴ʱλ̫ŮµĺԲŻ¶
㣬ˣҶþˣ㡣Ҳʲô˶Ҷ̴
ѽͻæææĻȥ¡Ҷ̴Ц˵
һ𡣡Ҷ̴һڣ
ãұһ𡣡Ҷ̴Ц
شԼһüҶ̴㣬͵͵ѰĻӣȿţǧĸʷˡ
Ҷ̴Цŵ˵ͷУ֮ǰЩ飬ҲǻӺá
˵ţҶ̴ֽӹ˻ӡ
һԵԲʼӣǱߴֻصȴ͵͵Ҷ̴
Ҷ̴֮Ǻ˿ڲ裬ʼ⼸֣ʱϲȿ֣ҪȤŻ򿪷
Ҷ̴鱾źãʼһҵ÷㡷
Ҷ̴һȷŵһߣٿڶ֣Һͽ㲻ò˵101С¡
˻Ҷ̴һǽõ
·˵ñӣ׷
Ҷ̴ֱͷģֽÿıǣǿư󡷡
Ҷ̴üģǣⶼЩʲô鰡ôһһף
Ҷ̴ǱҺͽ㲻ò˵101С¡˳ʼ
Ҷ̴ѾصĴ䣬Щ˺ܴĹģмؽддģΪľǸҶ̴ѡ
˵׵Ľˣ׵ģҲкСĸʷ¡
ţǵĻȱѹҲѹȥͲˣЩҶ̴ܶ
кüݾģѾˣض⼸ӻͦĵġ
Ҷ̴һͦÿģҲûʲôԣĽҲһ𳤴ڼ飬ϵһֱҪãͦģⱾжαЩԾˡ
playҶ̴ǰûĻȫдˡ
Ҷ̴ɫƽѾһͨ졣
žһ͵ؽϣŸԼ˺ü裬һһ¶ǣҶ̴žԼûôˡ
ǣⶫЩʲôˣذӦûɣɱİذý̻ˣ
Ҷ̴һüǰһ飬Щ̲ס͵͵˿ûע
ıֱոպϵ飬·
ز㱻Цôôɰأſ±˷֡
Ҷ̴һ߿һ߸Լȷ磬ǣһһóԵ»ĶԽԽȡ
شһ裬Ҷ̴СͨĿŻסЦŵߵҶ̴
Ҷ̴ļ򣬽㣬㿴ʲôأÿ𣿡
Ҷ̴ŵòҵİϣǣʲôʱģˣذأûݰɣ
ضǳǳЦЦûЩ˸׼ģһûأģǲкݣǽøҿɡ
˵ţرҪȥã㱻Ҷ̴Ŀ֡
Ǵ˿飬㻹СܿЩҶûˣһҶ̴ԺҲ飬ûУ
Ҷ̴ţҲ֪˭Ĳ£ǲףЩǰذܿ
ã֪ˣĻһĹ˳ʵһ綼ˣܰݰ˾ŲʮĸҶ̴һ顣
ţǾͺãԡҶ̴Ŷ˵ͷǰҲûðذؽʲôô˽õĻ֮;ûþأ
ǰ䵽Ǳۺ۵ƤϣԭǱ101С£дĲѭ򽥽ⶼкڣҲϲԭϲ
~ؽĺһ
ŵҶ̴һ飬ǰûòԾЩƻӺذػСأԼôЩأ


178 
ô˰ذأҶ̴һ, æʵ
û£㣬ϳ, Ұ˵ţرְҶ̴, Ķ֪Խ, Ҷ̴Խȡ
ذ, ˵ˣ̫ˣһЩҶ̴˵, æȥŮ׼ˡ
ؿҶ̴ıӰ, ΢΢˹ǡ
Ҷ̴صĻû, źһԹ
÷ʱ׼˹, ׼Ҷ̴һȡ
㣬ƣܺúȵ, Ҳû, һҲ޷Ц
Ҷ̴˵ͷǴǰûˮģΪĸ׵Ե, ģѵһЩط㿪ʼֲ, ѾǺܳˮˣϰҲܳԵ
ð
˱һ߳ԲһߺŹƣѵ, ŵľζǺú, Ƹպȵʱ㲻ôͷҶ̴Ҳûرע⡣
˼㿪ʼԷԲˣǶһһĺȸͣ
Ҷ̴ѵذأٺȵ㣬ȻƵζҲõĺˡ
İɣⶫȲ˵ġһ߳Ҷ̴ЦЦһ߼ȡ
һرȵɫſϡ
Ҷ̴εЦЦ˹ȥذأˣ㿴㣬Ҹո˵˰ɣĺ㻹ңڳС˰ɣ
㣬~ͷΡͰ͵Ҷ̴ۿ΢΢Щ졣
Ҷ̴࣬С֪˰ɣǿ
˵ţַԸһԵĹŮȥ׼ЩѾ
ǡæйŮСȥ׼
Ҷ̴أ͵һǳ׿Ҷ̴
㣬ϲ~һһ߽ͷؼ˲䡣
Ҷ̴ü䣬ôϲ
ߵʱһֱײҶ̴Ҷ̴Ĵϡ
µĳҶ̴ЦЦ㣬ϲҡ
Ҷ̴䵽صϣذ׾һӡҶ̴ճʱͿ˴֬Ǵӡԡ
Ҷ̴ˣذأҶҰ
˵ţҪȥزϵĴӡȴ˶㿪ˣҪϲ~
Ҷ̴ĶⶼˣãúˣԼôռñأҶ̴׼һؾˣصǸڻȰŪ˵
òףѻճ˾Ų˴ߣҶ̴£ذأɻѾһͺãԹԵġ
˵ţҶ̴ȥЬ࣬С˯Щ
صľǺһ㣬ͷҲЩΣֻ˻ӣЩĺ㣬ĶҺ¡
Ҷ̴æǣ֣£أԹɺã㡣
ţáκ˵
ʱѾͱ˹СѾæѾ˹Ҷ̴ֽӹ
ذأιЩ˯ԹԵĺòãҶ̴š
ص˵ͷš
졣Ҷ̴һ˵ţһ߽Ѿι˹ȥ
غҲԹҶ̴ιһСѾˡ
ºú˯ɣ㡣Ҷ̴̾˿
عԹԵҶ̴֣ţãϲ㡣
Ҷ̴ü䣬ذػСʱһɰ
һ˯Ϧ£Ҷ̴ߵԲ۾ˣæʵôˣͷ۲ˣ
Ҷ̴ĵæҡҡͷЩЩԭ΢һ㣬úͽģôһˣýá
ˣԲ𣬺һ硣شӣһСģ
Ҷ̴ЦЦһصķ޷ҲûҪ㣬Ҳͦõġ
ضޣҶ̴ദʱͲ࣬ºˣȫ˯ȥˣ϶ҪˣҶ̴ֵ÷ֿˡ
Ҷ̴˴ߣӺ󾱣ЩڵĿص࣬ǰո׹һڣȻǲСײȥģҲ׵ˡ
ĺۼҶ̴ոճ˯ŵʱѾˣЩڡ
ؿҶ̴ƺ£ʵ㣬ôˣлֱ˵һÿ𣿡
Ҷ̴һʱˣҷ㵽ϵʱ򣬲С׵Բ𰡰ذأ治ǹռ˵ģǷʱײȥˡ
Ƭ̣漴ʢϲɫҲ̫ˣԼȶˣŪýûӡˣضˡ
Щæչȥ㲻˵Բ𣬽һʱԣҺϲ
˵ţҶ̴ȻһЦ
Ҷ̴͸ˣذؿ϶ڿοذأͱ̨ˣȷʵĲԡ
۾תתŵҪﻹǹⲻȥǱҲһ£ͳƽˣòã
Ҷ̴ùֵֹģذ˵Ҳе˭ԼȷĴСİѴײء
Ҷ̴æ˵ͷţ԰
ص۾յҶ̴ߣĴӡҶ̴ࡣ
Ҷ̴ֻоӡһƬģͦġ
һ£˱ۿɼĺԼҶ̴һ㶼̧ͷ
ӿ˲٣浽ҪʵʱСðذض캦ˡ
㣬㲻ɣĿҶ̴Ҷ̴
Ҷ̴ЦЦʲôֻСһùԡ
ٺ١ؼҶ̴û˿֪ոĶɤĳˣҲЩҲһ׽㡣
㣬㻹ǵСʱӦҵ𣿡سȴ۾ĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷͰذشСһ𳤴˵ʵڵģӦ˰ذ̫£ʵ벻һ
ʲô°ǴСһ𳤴ô·ʵڼǲһҺòãҶ̴Цʵ
Ȼͼøˣƽеʱȷʵ·Ҷ̴浽˵ʱض캦ˡ
Ҷ̴Ų˰죬С㣬㻹ǵӦңǳˣҪ׵Ҷʮˡ
Ļغߵ˵ȥˣͬʱЩ͵͵Ҷ̴ɫҶ̴
Ҷ̴û뵽˵Ͼ⻰ֻǶʱЦѾˣû뵽ذؾȻһֱǵ
Ҷ̴һʱ䲻֪ôӻźϺ˰ΣӲû˵һ֡
򴽣ĵȴһƬʧ䣬Ȼ㲻ǵˣ仰ʮꡣ
Щɬո׵Ҷ̴ϲñ㱻嵭ˣҲһһε
Ҷ̴عʱ򣬾ͼؿҶ̴æԲ𰡰ذأҰˣû뵽ôá
һ߰રવĵᣬһűӿοֽ㣬ҳ룬ѶʱϷԵ棬㲻ùҵģֻҽû˵ЩǣҲŽ㣬~
Ҷ̴ĲУԼĴ󣬾ȻȫˣذزޣȷʵҵĴòãˡ
úõһֻСã޵滨ģҶ̴ˡ
㲻ϲҲûµģңϲŽ㣬̫棬Ϊˣܺͽףң̫ճˡһ˵صǰરવĵĶǡ
м䵽Ҷ̴ֱϣҶ̴ֻԼҲһۡ


179 
޲, ĴҰˡҶ̴˵ţæš
ǵ, ң~ԽԽ, ʱЩȻǵ, Ǻϲ㡣
Ī, ⲻҪԸĻСʱЩԾòãҶ̴š
öιȥˣҲһֱûϲ, İذֺܺ, ǳ׵Ļ, ҲǲС
رͿ޵, Ҷ̴ĻӸֱ崻ˡ
һߵᣬһ߶Ҷ̴, ûҶ̴ո˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼, ЩﲻܿƵԾţҧƽŽԺлҵַƴӵһ
˵, СʱĻǲ͵˵ҪԼף
һž޴ڱ, ضˣеµΣȴֱĿҶ̴
Ҷ̴, ۻˣô˰ذأɱҡ
Ҷ̴, ű૵㣬ⲻΰɣ
ֻԼǲȽ޻˶ࡢƮƮġ
Ҷ̴ǾɰۣΣСް˺òã
ӣԼҶ̴ֻֻ۾Ҷ̴㣬һ£е㲻ţĲ𣿡
εԤҶ̴ͱƴֽ龰ҲкܶҶ̴ܾģ˵ֻԼÿ
εҶ̴ͱ˳ˣпڴһ߿һԼƫƫҺҶ̴˵
ڽ˵ҪףһʱʴӣɴſҶ̴ſ㣬~ϲ㣬½㲻Ҫˡ
δоѵίŽ˵Ҫ׵ϲһӿصǶߵһરવңˮǽʪҶ̴ؿڴ½
Ҷ̴·챻ʪˣæ˱˺壬Ҳϲ㰡룬ǴСһôܲҪأ
~ң֮ǰε˵㲻ϲңһֱҵá˵ţؾͿ޵ĸˡ
Ҷ̴˵ȷʵصãǼ˿޵ôģҶ̴ɲ˵ˡ
ᣬϲǰذˣ˵ҪˣǱ㰴Сʱ˵İ졣Ҷ̴صķ
غҵҶ̴˲ᣬͷͰ͵ĿҶ̴㣬ϲңҳ𣿡
Ҷ̴룬ͷˣھг˼ˣǺͰذã˻סһûʲôõġ
ţôǻ˵ˣҶ̴ʧЦ
ǣǾûôϲҡؼίЩûʧ㿴ǬԪģǽ㿴õġ
һϲ㣿˵˵Сļû㣬Ĵޱӣں㣿Ҷ̴Ц
ӣСǽҲģҶб˼
Ҷ̴ûķ룬СްòײˣԼ˵ʵɴôţֻҪ˵ģұӦ㡣
صٿľͺˣѾֹסˣۿź죬شӣҲ֨
Ҷ̴Цִ˴ļ࣬˵ô
һߺҶ̴һ̽Եʵʲô𣿡
Ҷ̴Ǵ󷽵ĵ˵ͷţʲôԣ˵ɡ
ˣߺ˰죬űһ䣬һ¡
Ҷ̴㱻ЦˣһͰذСʱҲʱСһȥҲ
ðҶ̴ʹӦˡ
Ȼرֲˣ
˵ţֺŶ˵ԼĴ꣬͵͵ȥҶ̴뿴Ҷ̴ķӦ
Ҷ̴Ҳû뵽ذ죬һʱЩ֪ô˲źá
ع۲Ҷ̴壬ۿˮ֪Ǻģϲ׸첻𣿹Ȼ㻹ֻá
ţصְરવµ䣬㲻ϲ
Ҷ̴ֿˣæţû˵ףĪˣ۾ˡ
úһֻСãǱʲôˣ
Ҷ̴ڿޣأԴ˹ȥĽصĴϣģҶ̴һڣ˿ˡ
ִסˣ۾գˣֻҶ̴ΣԼĴꡣ
ղˣģģ׵ʱ̫ˣûļζ˿ˡ
Ҷ̴ӸЦˣôˣĿʲôҲˣޱˡ
򴽰꣬մȾЩҶ̴ϵζȴһֱڿҶ̴Сûζ
Ҷ̴ЦˣΪǳԺóԵ𣿻Ҫζ
㣬һ𣿡СţҶ̴ܾ
ŹԹԵСӣҶ̴΢䣬ִ˹ȥὫӡȥ
һֻСһҶ̴һ£Ҷ̴˿ʱĵ˵Ҷ̴
Ҷ̴Цĺ󱳣¿ˣ
ţáһһҶ̴ȥ
ͨĽÿǲģ˵ס
ĨһСӵԱ¶˳
Ҷ̴ȥģЦ˶ЩˮСèˡ
ţǽСèؼ
Ҷ̴ԸһԵĹŮȥˮӶ˹ˣҶ̴ʪĲص
۾ĿҶ̴Ҷ̴ϲȥ
Ҷ̴һֱԼЦֹһصıӣܲˣһֱſ
ٺ٣ϲ~
ֹһһŷֿҶ̴ˣҲǶ˻һ
ڶҶ̴ؼȥˣǱıԼĸȥˡ
رžͽ˴Цôˣıľͽˣ
Ů⼸ԽĳȣСӵıѾû¶ˡ
ĸʣӦͬҳˣ춼˵ˡؿĵܵߣЩͮͮ˵
ЩĿŮģ
ţ˵ϲңԸͬҳס˵Щʱ̲סðۺݣҪףֱõ£
ֲôģСճ˼̴̴ҲճˣɣȹգͬҶ̴һ£ҲСˣʱóﱸˡЦ
ţллĸʣؿĵ
ȥ°ɣ׵ȻҪҲˡ
ţͻȥ񡣡˵ţĵ뿪ĸ׵޵
Ҷ̴صҵʱҶҲڼˣЦˣ
ţĸף˵Ҷ̴Ӻ˵
ʲô£ԵĻģҶæʵ
Щ걻ôţȻûɸС竣Ҳǲס
ǣСʱӦ˰ذسԺҪ׵ġ
ʲôǲǰذ۸ˣҶæʵ
ûУֻ˵£ҲӦˣҲûϲˣǺͰذرȽ죬ǲҪذصĻֵÿޱˡ˵أҶ̴Ц⡣
ŮɫҶ°˾Ųʮˣ򴽣ЩãҪСأҪٵȼꣿ
Ҷ̴Цҵܵȣ°ذؿҪޱˡ
Ҷ˵ͷаɣ⼸Ҿͺȥұ飬ʲôʱΪá
ţллĸסҶ̴ĵЦ


180 
ҶڶһͽOһ빬ȥ, ˵ʱҲڡ
ˣЦĵɣҲҪȥء
, ̴˵̫ŮµĻ£
ЦЦ, ͬĻ, ھ˹, ǻȥúӣǱһ׼
ðҲ, ׵, ȷʵҲճˡOһԵ
ʱ, ˺ͽ¶, ͼ˵Ҫ£۾Цûˣû뵽Ǽ̴ϾҪ̫Ůˡ
Ǳ߾ﱸ, , ⼸ձճ
ºĹԱһּ
˻֣ȥ׼ȴҶͽO϶Ҫ, һ˷߰ɡ
ǾлˡҶЦ
ҶͽOȥ޵ֽ˼ϧһͬ÷
ؼҶͽOʱ, ٿľˡ
Ҷ䶼ЦˣȤôˣʲôʱôˣ
غ˿Ҷ䣬̾ͻȡЦҡ
ʱ, СʱǸޱӵСӣһգ۶ô, ˳׵ˡҶ̾
ǰذؿޱӵӾ죬һգ۶ôˡOҲ̾
ǣһչ˺ýġЩ
ã̴չ˾ͺáOЦ
޵ãЦһֻʣ޶ҵĺӻСˡ
ǰֻһһգۺǾͶˡҶЦ
ٹ꣬ðذضȥˣǱҲڹˡ
ҶЦʱǿһɽˮˡ
ǿ̫ˡϧҲһԸš
º󣬱غҶ̴׵ӣ׵ǰһ˷ܵڷתһȥָôһЩߣ˻ӿ֮æĲֺ
һֱС¹ײһûô˯ţ컹ûȹŮ𴲵ʱ򣬱㷢Ѿˡ
£磿
޷˯ţǰﱾױɡ˵ţһ㶼ȥϴˡ
ŮһЦСҲ̫ˡ
һߣҶ̴ǿģǳײ˯ϣŮʱһǽOӱ̳ġ
̴տ׵ӣϽѣϴ͸ô·ױˣɲ˯ˡOһŮһЦ
ףһû˯ءҶ̴ŽOۿҪˡ
OæϽɣҪǵ˼ʱָÿޱˡ
Ҷ̴ǿ۾Ҳǣ˵ĻذǸСްҪżˣǺðɡ
Ҷ̴ϴ֮źһЩʱź˻£Ůͷ
ҶվԱôô᲻ã̴պɵó׺ˣҲ̫Щ
İĸףֲԶޣˣذֲֹҡҶ̴Ц
⻹ࡣҶ
̴պҪͰذغúõģպʲôˣһҪһʱ֪ͨǡO
ףİɣҴСڹ棬ȥסǼҲûʲô𡣡Ҷ̴Ц
һߣѾڹſƥųӭ׶飬Ҫ͵Ƕ鳤һͷ
˷ܵϣΧȻл棬һͬȥˡ
һ·ϴػû׼ϲȺӣðոմմϲ
һ·϶Ц⣬ȵ˿ſڣȴǽʱزˤĻס
£İ
ģ¡
ɤӣû¡
˵꣬һԼȹȥ
΢ϸһ㣬ܷλߵʱͬͬţǽŵ·첻ˡ
ԼĶˣûעԼ·ͬͬţ̴Ҳѡ
ԱЦŴȤؽ㣬ô·ˣͬͬš
ˣһôܣ϶ǿˣ㣬ĸʰ㡣
ͷһƤӣһߡ
ʮһˣֻǬԪӾ޵ķ棬СϲƤ
ʱؾ͵Ҷ̴ķſڣ˺üȽŲʹĽ˷š
˷عԹԵĳҶͽO˿ͷĴżĶ߶µסĸףպպչ˺ýģҹˡ
ŸͷҶ̴Цˣذأôˣôأ
~Щߵĺò׺ͽˣĶܲ
ˣ𶺰ذˣϽ߰ɣʱҺĸ׳ڹǡOЦ
áҶ̴ЦӦ
վߵҶ̴ߣ㣬㣬ұȥ
Ҷ̴ЦС壬ܱö𣿡
ܣɡشǬԪɲ˵ԼС
Ҷ̴ЦУǰذˡ
Ҷ̴ֺҶ̴ȴǸæסԼĲˤ˱ϵҶ̴
ȰҶ̴ȵı˳˿ųӭ׶ʹȥˡ
ȥʱЦ⣬˽ؼңԺˣ
ΪףĴܹó룬ʱгĶ㵽˶
رҶ̴˶ĴҶλϵŶˡ
ǣҶ̴ֵǰȻٿʼֻ
һأݸã޶԰ݡ
ٵغҶ̴ǳһݣǳҶһݣ˶԰ݡ
֮رҶ̴ͻ޵
һ·һ·㣬һ˾ȳԣõң˵Ļ˯һҿҪһˡ
ţİɡҶ̴ЦӦԶ̫ˣɲ
֮Ҷ̴ѸͷקĹŮֹĿҶ̴ͷңǵж谮λ̫ŮŮǱѻסˡ
Ҷ̴ѸͷקˣԸŮͷͷζˣһЩ
룬Ҷ̴ȥ׼Щʳɣһ磬Ҳˡ
ǡŮǸæȥҶ̴˳ԵĹ
Ҷ̴˷ɴЬϴϢˣϱ磬òء
Ҷ̴һ˯𣬶ڶæˣҪӦ٣ҪӦеĴ󳼣ͬʱÿá
ױǸģȵŮ¹ԹɵģڶԺ档
òװϣŽŵĻصס
̧ۿȥͼҶ̴Ѿڴ˯ˡ
ЩίĿҶ̴ûƸͷأô˯ˣ
Ͱ͵ߵ˴ߣſҶ̴Ҷ̴ͱˣЦˣ
ţ㻹ûƸͷءգգ۾
Ҷ̴壬ЦãҸǺˣƺòã
˵ţϵĸͷ˹ǵԼͷϣưɡ
Ÿ˵ƿ˸ͷȥƹ㣬ơ
һڴҶ̴ЦӦʣֱۺصĽһ𣬶˱оơ
ˣҶ̴Цʵ
ظæͷš
ã˱ǳϢˡҶ̴˵
غС㣬Ҫء
Ҷ̴صã㡣
˳ȥϴˣذԷľͰҶ̴Լȥ˸ڵƫϴ裬ϴ裬ߵߵߵ˻ȥֻʪСԼһ
Ҷ̴ͷأͼؼҴҵĻˣЦˣܲˣ㼱ʲô
~ִչȥҶ̴Ҷ̴صԴϣͷرôԹԵҶ̴
˺һ˲˴ڴϰζҶ֣Ҷ̴̾һԼôˣողŶĺˣ
һѱסҶ̴㣬һҪǲ㲻
Ҷ̴Ӧãɣ׼ˡ
˵ţǹһҶ̴յصһڡ
һߺߣһȥ
ϵĺ򽥶̣ϵĶҲƽزҶ̴㣬һһΣò~
Ҷ̴ֻ΢΢ףȻСҪޱˣãġ
ϲ~

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