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İ
Ľϣˡ
֮˽ԱɱֻһˡһʱԽϾ££ֻ˵
ˡ
Ľϣͷ˫Ŀɺ죬ʣܰ𣿡
ԣԽ̵㡣
.
Ľϣȱݣʱʹ̣˻Уʹ
֪öģȴ˷С
Ľϣʼʦʱˣȴһδ̽еõԷ䵭Ļظ
ް
¶⣬˲δشӹػĽϣΪлᣬϣȴʦĻӦ
ֱգôʦ鷿Ҫϲãȴͬ˵ĵ
Ҷʦͽ֮飬ֻʦš
׼һж
Ľϣʦ׼˵Ϊʦĳͷһ˿ϣˡ
ȴֻõһ䣺ҽ̵ʮ꣬Ӧ׵ġ
̶絶
ʱĽϣףԭЦһжãδй鰮
Ľϣһһ䣬Ļ֮Ӧá
վУĿѣŷֻ¿ռţ
ҲǷˣʦ𣬴Ӧģ
塣
.
ĽϣɽܸһˣγϡһԲһظ
վݣɫ԰ף粻ֻ
湻𣿸Ϊʦȥɡ
Ľϣ䣬Ц
ûϵˡ
ݱǩƾԲ   ʦͽ ֮
ؼ֣ǣĽϣǣ
һ仰飺׼ǰδ˵
⣺Ҫʧȥ˲ź


1 
˿˿ƵѪƯڿУһ۳ۿɼ֯һ
汻ѪҺȾɺɫ۳ϸСϪ˳ŵͰʡ
ڲشŮס죬ͫԲѪҷ
ߵɱڼ˻ͱһ̲ϵĽϣĶС
޿ɱܡ
֪˶ãļȥֻ½Ųѹϸ
Ľϣǽϣǰһֻһ׸ߵˮ׽ڵס
Ӧûˡֿ˵ɤܷġ
ԣ⻹һ˵ĹŲӿ쳯Ľϣڵĵطȥ
ˮ׺Ůͣ˲佩Ӳֻֽ߬½ǣͷڳϸܵĺ飬ڱҳʴļϡ
ءĲкᴦһֻͷС۾͸Ŵ¶ĺ¡
ĽϣʶֻСޣǰմھӼұģϲĺܣιҹҹ˯
ڣֻС޾ֱӴһԵڵ˳޵ƳһۣȻǰĲ֪˶Сצӡ
ĽϣҪСĵ׵Ŀ־ȴԭأá
ꡣһɫĹâ
һ룬С޵Ĳϱ
޵ѪɫĽѪмδĽϣϣ۲ŪøǱ
С޵ͷ­ڵϹȦͣˮǰλá
ʱŷֹ˰㣬һж
ŲԶȥĽϣŴС޵
ʱţɫŮ֫Ӳľ֮ʱڿƲסʧʹ
ãȻĴˮ׺߳ŲȱǽڣߵСߡ
˫ϥ£ͷµ
ָⱻĥƣҺϣĽϣţճյſӡ
ֱ̧ۣȴС޵סˣɺԵˮٴӿ
Բ𡭡ſǻصڵҹɫС
СͻȻڵϵľˡǶ̶յ飬ֻСĸԸΪ
ֽСްãĽϣŵܡ
µĴʧȥʼɫʣ֮ǱϢ֡
õģſĸ׻Уĸ˵¡תۼĹ򣬾ͱæϻصĸӻ
һ䡰ĸҪȥػׯһҪغá뿪ˡ
ӻը٣ŸĸĶһδεתλãˮ֮
ȻΪƽصĴׯٿ֮κˡ
ĸףסĽϣ͵ţͻȻ뵽ʲôٳŴȥ
ĸһ
ǽׯıؾ֮ء
Ľϣվԭȴڵλá
ʯ飬ƾǹϤУĽϣһŲš
ҹΪġһڱߣѻɽʬ屻һ𣬲֫ϱۣѪŨء
ŻĽϣǿθ
߲ѰżϤӰһӣĽϣжһϣ
ĸĸš
ͷһҵʬǰھӼҼ˵ġԽԽʶˣһ߾ģĴڡ
ǰĽϣ߶Ȼ̣ŵŵһһŮԻһڣӻζȥ
ŵĸĸ
ѹϵһҳ׶ѣĽϣ֪޷۽۾
ڣδܸ֪ˤʱӦеʹû
˴ס
㻹𣿡ˮŮ˲ڳһֻ֣סĽϣ͵˫
һϮźۼɨǰСɽüĶ
ĽϣʧǵصۣɿŮϣĻš
ˡƽĳʵ
ĽϣʲôɿصĻ͵ץסŮǰ֣һҧȥ
Ѫζ˲ǻУĴ̼񾭡
ҧֻǵĮؿڰ׷ͫû˿仯
УѰŮ˴ŲεҪֹҡͷֹ
лš
ǡеļʧԭء
ĽϣҧϵȲϻڷֱϣĺ䡣
ҧ𣿡ѯըڶϣĽϣʶƿҧŵơ
ӣһӡѪ˿ӱԵ
㡭˭Ľϣݴ
Ůվ޷˵òֻ¶ȣȷˣ֮ǰٻׯɱĹ
ɿŮ֣˰벽֮⺮ҹҪˣԽϡ
ԽڣĽϣźϼ䣬ظ֣ƫתͷϱˮѳиɾĺۼ
ֿɱ
ΪʲôĽϣ³Ϣ塣
Ϊ޵֮ˣ⻰ڷи
Ϊʲôᷢ£ĽϣҪУйѾûˡ
ƽ˵﷢һ𣺡ϣׯǺúõġڣֻʣһˡ
䶼ûˣȫûˡĽϣɫͫеӳǰŮ˷˴ԼӰ
ĮȻӣʼûΪκλ䶯ͺ񱻶סһ㡣
ƮʥϢŮ˲°֡
ĽϣȻֹŷ룬ǰ
ˡĽϣԳһЦǷϵصڵϣʪˮʸģ޹أ˵Щġ
Ůʹͷ­˫ֻŵסϥǣٵС޶ϵ˿ڡ
Ժһ鲥յĻЦյ䣬ѱΣŤ
ǼѪ
䣬ͷظĽϣ̧֪ͷ׵ۿδҺ塣
ˡذ׵ָĽϣӲԼǿ£֣˵;֮ء
ĽϣЩֻ֪԰٣޼ҿɹ飬˿
֮ѱն֮أҲءָĦ˫峺޹ʱڣ岻ٴγ֡
ҵļأĽϣɳʡ
ܸ˶٣˸Ӧúûš
𣿡ĽϣֻãȻЦ
ҹķĽϣڷİ½е˰ãϵعڴڣ˼ͷ
վһߣңԶ
˵ԽϣĽϣôеˣϢ˺һʱԼڵꡣ
̱ڵϣ󱳿ڻһزľϣϢģܰԽ𣿡
Ϊĸʹ˱
޲ûлش
ĲﱻĽϣľܾϾԽһڣж˼Դ޷룬Ҫƽƽ޵֮ŵˡ
ĽϣΪԼԲʱ˷ĮȻĻӦԡ
Խ̵㡣
Խ𣬱ʦ𡣡࣬˼ζ
ʦ𣿡Ľϣ̽ؽ
ȥ
ҪΪʦʲô𣿡Ľϣʡ
ԽϣĽϣ䲻֪ʲô֪һǺĽɫ
ԸԽ̵Ľϣõ£ҵͷϡ
Ȼ̧δԻΪǡ


2 
¹ɢڷϣӯȻ
ĽϣǰŮֱ̧ۣڵϵ֡
ڼǣֵֻʱĽϣȻعϸһ˿Ⱥ;
ֳľϣӵʹ˸Сľϵĳȥ
ǻ˵ģʵݡ
ʵ΢û㹻ȫŪɾԼ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣֱ̧ۣڷͣڰеơ
ʪģŶ˵ĺĽϣ˲ʶز¡
֡
һ룬ϵĺˣָסĽϣָϣʲôԣ
Ľϣ£Ĵ䣬רŲԵĴڡ
΢΢ҡͷ
Ȼͷʩչ˸ǰŮսŮ
˿˿ƵŮļ
ɫ˳žߡ
Ƭ̺󣬷ɿ֣˼صͷһȷǡ
Ľϣɻءţ
ȷʲô
Ǹĺӡǳһ㣬óܺãػúý̵㡣
Ľϣ֤ʦ֮
úȻ֮նɱ
Ӧּ̧䣬еӿɫҹɫѤۡ
Ľϣ΢΢أɢָ֪ʱһгһգҲӵд˵
һ̣ɫĹâȫӦʱ䣬ĽϣԻһ˲ŨҵϮƤԽء
̫ˣúϢᡣߣŮòʵʲôڱĨȥ
ַסĽϣ΢ɲ̾Ϣȷٴ̽ŮӣõȷеĴ𰸺󣬵ʥ壬ǰ
ֻǡۣ˺Ļ
ζ䣬˵Ӱʧԭء
ĽϣٴһƬĴУѩĵ񱻽סط
һ𣬳񱻻䡣
ĽϣסĶǡ
һ˯̫Щ˯ˣԿյܣǽһûа˼
ʦ𣿡ĽϣԺ֡
ǱŮӴ˻
ĿԼڵĵطǽǱˮīǣһˮīԻ˼֡
ۿ˰ΣҲûϳǺ塣
Ͻô꣬δ˵֡ӦԽڵ֡
䶼͸һɵ֮нһ֮ԵŮΪơ
ԣӦóΪʦ𡱲Ŷԡ
룬һ¯ɢĵƮɢ
ĽϣһŴغСڼС˴
ǰڷһ˫ɾЬӡ
ʱĽϣŷ֣ϵ·ҲѾһס
ףЬӣԶһ
Ľϣʶȥ
ǳɫһͷڷһԺ󣬾µŵЦ⡣
϶ڲյĶ
˯գɻáЦӯӯؽеĶ¯ǰСϺ
˵ձΪ׼ЩƿյϵĸӣסӣڲյϵףҨһ롣
Ľϣվԭأһʱ֪ʲôӲĵл
㲻ôպͬڽã⣬㻽һʦá˫ֶʢ˰
ʦ㡣Ľϣ
üңҪ˵űƿ
ڵͬʱתͷȥ
ʦ𡣡
ϡ
ͬʱ𣬽һ
ЯŴĽϣϻںϡ
Ϣˣ䣬ī󣬹վǣ͸һֲɿС
һжáĽϣæѧŹӹĹأʩһ
Ӻ޲Ų̧ӹϵС룺ͺá
ǣӸˡ⡣
űϡ
žĿռֻˡ
ĽϣĪʼֱһһԽԽˣ䣬˰벽
δţھŮ׵λͣ£жŵС̧𣺡Ҫι𣿡
Ľϣæҡͷãллʦ𡣡
δӦͻȻ˸ʦĽϣ˰룬Žĳνϡ
áеתŻϣԼһĵϡ
ĽϣŲŲ˹ȥ͵͵ƽǰķ¶ȡ
ͷһ
ɬ˲ǻĽϣ̼䷢˱仯
û˿ζںǹɬֱţӲζ٣ɬ
忪ʼ̣ÿһƺſ
ĽϣȴûЩӣСȵס֧ţû̱ڵء
û棬ÿûһ£һɫĹǴָɳĽϣڡ
ʦ𡭡Ľϣ޴غ
̾͹ȥˡֹͣûĶ
ϣӴȡһָŮ࣬ĺˮ
㾭ֻдͨˣܸõ͡
Ľϣ²ĿˮϢ٣͹ڼš
Һʪ˺󱳣»ϵĸɾ˵ۡ
ϴʱų۹
ʱˣ˸־ɾŮϵա
ĽϣȻΣ֪ԡ
ƽĽϣǻع飬ҧ´סصĴϢ
ʦҡǿ𣿡˻ᣬĽϣֻһɹů˳ߣ޾кʹ
еҪԣй
š
תռŤĽϣ̧ͷ
һɢŶعԵĳǰָǴʳָ΢
Ǳ׹䣬ƮĽϣǰ֮ء
˽ǻԪĸ塣ʾĽϣסŵգɾͣԻὫԪ彻㡣
.


3 
ĽϣؽסǰԪĸ壬ٱɫĽӳġ
һ˲˲شŻԪָ˷ֱܶ
Ľϣ£ӦһңǳԼʮס
ܳһ׶
ڽβˣһԲεİۣϸ۲£ڲ⣬ֻװá
봹ǽڷָ΢΢صı
˰Σ΢ţɣȥһԡ
ȽٺúÿҲ١ǳ䡣
õģʦ𡣡ĽϣеԽ
šת뵽ʲôȡһöֻ̯ģöռֻдţպ󣬵ƳĿռ洢ٻڱ𡣡
ĽϣĿĴǱջأַһ֮ǰδĶ۵׵ĹâҪ˳
Ķ̶ڣͨ˶ľջϡ䱦ü۶ϲЦġ
һŻԪһֻ̧
򴽿һۣ΢ָ߬סŮ󣬽ϸ롣
ֻĽϣշָʾԪϷ˼ע£Ԫɢǹ⣬ڡ
档ĽϣĦһ
߰ɡŮľûκθԲĻȣڲȴΪ飬ĪҪٳˡ
ŶáڵţĽϣȻٵӣС׷ǰѾ߶ˡ
ĿǰΪֹڴ˵ֻ죬ұԼİη壬Ǳʶס䡣
ȶ˵ͷ
Ľϣز׽˷ĶСȵɿЩ󣬼ûж˵ʲô̽Եػ˵㣬ƵץסԷʳָָġ
ʦɡĽϣ۵ӣɣҺöûĶͺ񡭡
ŮСŤţѰݴʣͺǴ˵е񡣡
ܵġֲá
ʦʲô˼Ľϣ߬˷ָϣ
պԻᶮûн͵˼
Ľϣ´ʦϲ˵պҪ㳤󣬺ʦ˵˼
λĽϣǼõб෽ʮ
ĽϣѲãһʱ䣬ȻŮֱۣĹ˵Ӱʧԭء
󣬳һƻֺĴǰ
ǰŶúڽɫ¼֣ʷƮ̺Ű࿴ۣĿڷơ
Ľϣæƿߣǹѹȸвȥ
ŵʶʱһǽϵ֡
˴ǡ㣬޷е֡
ĽϣȻصͷֵʦҴŶò㹻أ
Ľϣǰżÿ˵ԲͬʱҲͬ
ŶĽϣûܵõҪĴ𰸣ʧ䡣
ƼĻƿߡ
ΰĴڣʮ̨ӣÿ̨״Сͬʯ
ĽϣǰƷ΢죬ζŵֱۣʦ𡣡
ͻȻڴһȵ
ĽϣĻԾڿС
ʱȥ˺󣬵
λմԵģŲ󡣡ʱĽϣϡ
Ů
ˣʱʡ
ĻϣʮˡĽϣŹʣ˵һ֮λܸߡ
ʮ塣ʱ˾䣬ͷ԰ɡ
Ľϣ
ѡһϲʯͷȻ۾ַȥͿˡĸĽϣӦ
áĽϣء
˵գǰֿ˿Աߵʦ̵طſŵ֣ŲȺʯȥ
̨ӱҪһ㣬Ľϣ߹һʯÿһʯ涼ǹ⻬ģɢŵĹâɶͣ²ӡ
ڣڵмλãĽϣ߱һɢŵɫεʯ
ӡУʦɫġ
ͷվǣңңӡ
Ľϣ۽ǣָָѡеǿʯִۣ
ůϢסһƬ֮С
󣬷ĿתȫǳɫâֵŮ
ҪҪҵˣʱѯʡ
ţʥ塣ǳȥˣĸĸ˽֮֡
ʱüôٶȾ֮졣
Ĩ˵Ĳּ䡣Ľϣʯ֮棬ڰ֮Уڱˡ
ʱƫͷ˵ʲôվ̾һɣֻϣԡ
δ䣬󷢣ҫ۵Ĺâ̵ۡ
ʱȴ˿Ӱ졣
ǵɫâʱ͵ؿߴ䲻ش
ǻʱֱʥϻ֮߾ȻĽͬһˡ
ѽԪ̧ɢڴڡ
ʱϵЦ⳹ɢ
ʱҲҲĽϣࡣ
ڵɢʯڣĽϣؽŮڵϡ
ڻָĽϣͶůе˼գ̵Ľëţۡ
ƺдδȶȡ
˫ֺ£ɿظΣĽϣ³һתһʱѰҷ
ʦ𡣡Ůųϵܵǰʶڻһ˵Ĵڣ飬ŵŵػ
ʦ𣿡ʱע⵽ĽϣԷĳƺ
ΪµӣԽ̵
ʱ˼صͷ漴ԾнŮȻΪͽڱ㲻ȥˡ
ĽϣסɵڣСӦ¡
ǻУҪúʦĽ̻壬أķ츳ʱඣ
ŶŮüƽ͡
ӽ̻塣Ľϣ
ʱ಻ٶԣŷڻЩ£뿪ˡ
á
ڣʯϨ˹ʣ̨氼ݣʯУţһ̨ƾʧǰ
Ľϣռʶ̫£һĽҡҡĸ첲ʦǻ
ͷ
ʲôİĽϣ档
ղ˵УҪķ츳ǲζźΪʲôʦûкܸˡ
س֮ʣֻл磬󾭹ǧĹǻûĽϣغɫ˫ĿԻûƵ֮𡣡
ǲǺĽϣʡ
šס
ٺ٣ʦ𡣡ĽϣĪ˾䡣
ţɻ
ΪҿʦɫģԲѡǿǳɫʯĽϣͷ
ΪԼǿʯء


4 
ĬȻǣĽϣȥ۸סյ֣̹ǵıȥͽϵů
ĽϣûõĻӦס졣
һԲͲͽǰ֮ǰĲҪΧŲ֪Ļݡ
䣬ɢ
Ϸԭ޷̱仯ʶģ
Ľϣգ۾֣С֮أ
ҾȻϵˡĽϣ۵Ӷ˼ϲá
㴥ʯǿԽڵֱԺ͡
Ľϣ˷ܵġš£ֱ
֪Ů˷ܣıڻļ
û̫ͣãĽϣڷĴ߽֮ء
һ룬ĽϣǰһããģʲôҲ޷塣
߲һǳɫϵųͫС
Ľϣû뵽澹Ȼֳټмֻˣվһǽǰš
ĵңңһԼ
Ľϣþ档
ϰ󷨣ΣĽϣĿ⡣
ĽϣЩ˽⣺ʦͺá
ü𣺡ҪԼ֪𣿡
Ľϣͷڵͫ۵â֪
˵ţһǳɫű߳
ϣʦá߽
⡣嵭𣬡ѧϰ󷨡
ǡӦ
Ľϣؿ
ǵʦ˵Խ̵ôôͽˡ
ǡôͷ߽һ˲ǿŮ룺Ļұ̵δ⣬ʦ㡣
õģʦ𡣡õ𰸣Ľϣʧ£뵽ʦôˣһкܶҪæ
Ҫ¡
ϵ費ҪúĻʱգʦԻ鿼ˡ
ǣʦ𡣡ĽϣһδҪˣμ˲ѹ
ֶ⼸䣬Ľϣ뿪ˡ
ǵıӰ뿪Ľϣһת⣬ɵӶԷİš
ЦӯӯһͣĽϣСԴЦ£ʦλ
Ľϣ´̽ʦ㣬ʦĿ˻᲻ѣȥʦ᲻
üң۵׵ЦⲻλãŮ㷲ģϺº͵ġ
ĽϣüëŤһ
ϵǱԣأǸܺõˣɢĺŵˡ
𣿡Ľϣʡ
ġ⿴ʱ߰ɣȽ롮󷨼䡯
ϡͿǼǳɫķ䡣
ԭΪһͨķ䣬ֱȥĽϣŷԼжôס
Ŀռȡ֮ءԲͲͽҪ
ǵĿռ䣬ϵöĵΪŮ͡
ĽϣȻصͷָʶ˵ı档
󷨼䡱ڱΪһ鳡أǰεĳڰڷҪĵߡ
еվڱָĳУڿ̻󷨡
˸˵ĳأƮĺȡһöխľľĶһŲ㡣
ȴ򵥵ļ俪ʼÿһ󷨶еĻƷʽҪľǽЩ󷨵״סȻ̻
ľһڵϿ̻ţķһĽϣǰ
߽ľƣš
һʽľǶ˳¡
ԭ̻ڵϵ̼ƮԼĪһ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ͼ֮һԶݵ˵Ϣ߽ͱ㽫ľݸĽϣΪԼߵˣ󷨾ûЧˡ
Ǹܼߵ󷨡˶ٵ
ĽϣʡȻΣΪλҪѧ⣬ֵÿʦ󷨣ԣ㻹Ҫġ
ⱻĽϣӹľۻʦղſ̻ĲԼ
Ծ˺󣬸óֵĿ̻λá
ʱŮۣľִЩ̻˵һߡ
ͷ
ڶ߿̻ǵ
ıЩʧ棬׼ðοŮĻɤС
츳䶯
󷨼䡱һĽ䣬ӰϢ۲Ůһһ
󷨳͵ǿ̣ɶ¡
УƮ󷨣Ľϣľб˵㣬ŤͷƼԽ͵ӣǵػؿ󷨣ʦ㣬𣿡
ҡͷ˲ǵһλ󷨡
𣿡Ľϣʡ
ġ϶֪һξܻƳ󷨣ʮָˡ
Ľϣ۾̼˶ʦ㣬Ǽ
š⡣
ϢعעĽϣŮ󷨳ɹ˷ܣʧܺʧ䡣


5 
ȥĹ֮˿ָһӼ䡣
ݵܿȥĽϣϵԽԵһЩм󷨡
УδһΣǽĽϣ㡣
ŮᱧϣϾ֮ʱܱ̽ʦһʴ
ʱ䳤ˣĽϣѯʵƵ𽥼٣ڣûɵĵϢؿӻʱŻȻѾδˡ
߬ŵ̻ľڲϵУֻʣԭ֮һ˵Ĺš
УĽϣڡ֮ءȹġ
ڡ󷨼䡱͡䡱ζ
ԪʹԽӦ֡
ʦá䣬ߴһϤ
Ľϣѭȥ
ڡ֮ءܶʦʦʶ֪ΪС˶ǴŶչˡ
˿̳ı޽ʦ㣬
ڻ·ϿһŹϵĹӳˣժ˼ö㳢𡣡˵߸ȡһöƫɫĹ˹ȥ
Ľϣֱָſڹĵͬʱס
Ҳ͵ֱҧ˿ڣϴû
ûʼ磬ָöӸϢͬǡ
лʦ㡣
лʦˡõӵļϲ̵Ʒš
ûõЦЦؿž
ûˣһöˣԼġĽӷ
һȺ˴Ȥ˼䣬ûĶᡣ
Ľϣü𣬲ҧ˿ڣͦġ
˵ʦγȥǸİŮϵˣ޵϶˼ֺ档
С£㲻֪˲ӱƤҪҧһڣУһֻض¡
ƾձȥһ̧ȥ
ζôժöָһ죬ΪӣĽϣߡ
·ϷֳȥһЩ
⡰ŶתߵĽϣɫ֣ЩʦãȻǰ
Խ֮һ
ĽϣʵĶһ٣˲²⣬ŹʵָڲԾսʲô
Ҫ㡣Ƴ۱ϵľȻйϵ£úûشСԲ׾һ
ۣĬƬ̺ɾɫɼ䣬һ΢硣
ʲôʲôԣԶʧѵ
ĽϣʱûθڣŹӵͣڰУΥĽŸϮȫ
ʱ꣬Ҫٴμˡ
ǵʱ˵ģῼ
ʦãŮûӦ
Ľϣ֪ؿȥ¿ˮʦ㡣
߰ɣﵽҲҪһʱ䡣ٳӣ;Ľϣ뿪ˡ֮ء
ĽϣĲδĹӡ
ָڲ޺ĹУٳСһĶ
ĽϣĹЩԺоŮȻ¶Ⱥ͸߲ʵӰ
ʦ㡣һĽϣ´סǰ·ˡ
عͷע⵽Ů΢׵ɫ
ֻǼʦ𣿡Ľϣѯʡ
Ӧǡⲻȷ
ĽϣָĦ˵Ĺӣ޳ָմȾ֭ˮ
Сֽ̧öѾܳԵĹӻΪ촷ۣýţǸܺõˡ
Ľϣ˵ͷ
˼ߡ
ΪĽϣϤ·̣ûʹС
һʱУĽϣһƵĴ
ΡߴԶԶһۣܸ֪̺
ǳӦʶ·ˣȥ
áĽϣٻԪΪý飬С
һ·̣ٶȸ졣
ĽϣλζȱȽϴʱеķա
š
ʱ˵ִﳯǰ
һսڵ档
ĽϣŻԪƮڿУһʱ侹Ǹ½
⣺ʦ㣬²ȥ
͸߶ȣȻԪͨս
ĽϣӦס񣬵һעԪе
һ̣Ԫ
ĽϣʧصҪٴκͻԪͨɻԪѾû壬麣С
ͻȻû˶ĽϣӦֱֱص¡
ͫһż棬Ҫȥ׹ˡ
ȻһĨǳɫӰ졣
¡
ϡǰƮˣһ
Ľϣ㶵ǰˣֱԷ΢ɲüŻعʦ𡣡
ŻˣڶԷջأһظš
Ľϣס½ǣĵһμ棬ʦǱģ
ô򵥵֪ʦǷ޶ۡǧ뷨֯ĽϣԺС
꣬ûлķϣǲ֮ʣĮ
Ľϣȵ̧ͷ
ʦڿ
ĽϣɨԶ⣬ҪѰ
ɺ߶޶á
ɲƤϸСֻĽϣ
л㡣
˵գת볯
ĽϣĨ˰Ѷͷæϡ
Ǹϡ
ʦ㣬ʦոǻʲô˼Ľϣƫͷſѯʡ
˹˵ҲҪꡣ꣬ҪѧϰҪϰѾˡǰƮ챳Ӱ޹֮⣬С͡
Ľϣ̶СǺʦ㣬ѧ˶ã
һ°ɡ
ʦող˵Ҫ𣿡Ľϣ
ǳˣܽԽڵģһƽ֮ˡж˼ư
ǶԼʵŵĽ
Ľϣ룬ȷô
еĽ˲٣ʦղŵľٶ飬ԼӦġ
̨֮ϣһϮѩףӸ¸Ӷˡ
ĽϣĽϣϡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣǰ벽
ϰˡԼࡣ
ʦĻĿǰѾԻƲм󷨡Ľϣ
ȣ׷ʡ
󷨵ȼһŵȣԽԽҲԽѻơ
ĽϣʶƳ⣬ŮתĿл洿⡣
ǵʦ˵׾һ
¶Ĳߣǳɫͫ׸ſ⡣
ͷ
ĵȡĽϣ˼г
ʦԽڣΪͽ
пɡϿϲзɳһ㣬Ľϣڡ
ΪҲǰ˲٣в֮̽ʡ
ԣĽϣʱʦʦǶΪҽɻ󡣡
ͷԽػرϰ
֮ء
Ľϣһϲǣʦ𡣡
ȥȴ
Ľϣԣĳ˳
͸˵
µüһ
⡣ߵԷߣһ׾룬ƫͷҲϣеڶΡ


6 
ǣʹ£ŵͷ­̧
Ȼ֪е˼
Ľϣ׾ĻԷ֪ˡ
ǡ̬ȹ
ûй
ڳĽϣ˫ֽȴһ˫רעŵڡ
ȴֻܿ·ʱͣ£Ļ档
ʦںʦ˵ʲô
ڷ̤֮ʣæƫתߣڿ𴦡
̧ͷ鿴۰ɫĽϣ̧֡
ʦ𡣡ĽϣСܹȥ
߰ɡ嵭ּĽϣ΢ָ޵ɨǾ
ڰԹš
Ľϣڻδ⣺ʦأ
ʱ֮¡ӿס֮ˡ
գۼĹĽϣԼĵؽ緢˱仯
һƬѩУһںУǰϣ˴Сһı׶
ڴǰȴһΧΥ͵⡣деĻɢ΢ζ
ĽϣϵŷķЩ
䡣ĽϣС
ŮСɵĶͨ죬꣬һɹͷе⡣
̵ĽëƮһƬѩˮա
תĽϣߵĺȥѩǵĵ¶ϵı׶ڻˮһ׹棬ˤɼڣˮڵ档
𣿡ʡ
ۿɼı仯ŮԭأС̧ͷŮˮüС
ɢĲǵϵıѩзеġ
ʦΪı˳þϰߡ
ˡĽϣص
ǾͺáſҪŮ
·ǰĻʱĽϣͷǱô£ƵطۣסĿڣЩݡ
ЩʱҩڵǰֲЩע⵽ŮߣɫĽϣ
ѹĿڵʹȥĽϣƶǶصͷ
պϾ֮ʱΪչЩݣɺã
áĽϣǲܾ
ɫĽϣһ˾ӣȴɾƫɿŵ֣ס⣬ɺã
áĽϣڷڵͬʱӵ
˱ЩϢڣ£Ϳɡǰ
ǡ
ĿͷʧƫڣĽϣһĴƫڵĲ֡
տʼԽʱǼ伸һģһֻǽûֻ֣мǽڵľ޴ˮī
һů¯ðỤ̋³ķɡ
ĽϣŽǣ̺õĴϣͷʴ¡
ǰδķɡ
ů¯е˳ԣĽϣʶ𽥻Ƥ˯ȥˡ
ȵĺҹУ˷ĳˮЮ˷ŻζȫڰУá
ǳһ˿ڣϵѪҺ˳ż·С
δδ𡱵ģһڶĤϡ
ͻȻֱ֫קȥʹ˲ȫ
ڰУĽϣصشϢţ亹׵Ķͷҡţ־
֮ʱһƮƺңԶʴһػա
ĽϣĽϣ
ͬʱӿůһĨеĿ־塣
ˮѪζʼˣɿʲô˳
ĽϣȦŻкˮŮü
ʦʦ𡣡ĽϣҶһ£ξ
ںʿ԰׵ĴţγССһţڷС
ָ߬Ůǰ죺ʦ𡣡
Ůĺ󱳣ɫ˼⣺ج𣿡
ĽϣǼʶµرۣšεԼˡ
Ľϣе˱飬Ȼͷڷؿڡ
ûע⵽˵󣬵Įʦϣֶĸӡ
˻˵ţĽϣͻȻǰȥɵĺˮٴβͷ
ѵظܵʹŷؿڣƵġߡ
ʦ𣬺ۡĽϣдʹ࣬հۣξٱ
غŷ
ȴֻǰؿһţ޴
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ϶Կ³
ǲĽϣĺǳɫӿĽϣͷ
ŶԷҪֲסˣָ㶯ϷӿĽϣڡ
ξеǹů⣬ʹȼᣬĽϣ˫ۣ޳׵ָڴϣӲӳһƬۡ
ؿڱϸදĽϣҪۣȴϣ˯ɣ㡣
ʦ𡭡Ľϣʶǰ͵ͻ
ԽһΧκνӣ˴ţһ֮ء
ֻ鳣걻ѩǣ̤֮أȴů紺
ǿ֣ڻΪߴ˵طͤڣʱԼ˱Ȳ裬˹Ʒ˿ڡ
ܲĺ⡣
ԣʱЦЦ±ӣϸָڲˮ룬űػһȦȻʯʪĺۼ
Ŀȱƣ໹аʱ䡣ʱһ˲˲עʯϵĸɺԵˮǻбĻᡣ
ʱƤڵĲˮĬ£ϣףĪҪԼڡ
šתͷĽϣסƫž޲Ӱȥֻһʧ಻ڡ
ĽϣתѵʱѾˣ˳Ŵڣָɷ״ڵ档
ŵϵ⣬Ƭ̺󣬼ڴϹȦ
ʦڻаĻĿŮİ滺ϵʹϸͬˮС
ůġ
ξеһУѱĲɶϵļ䣬ֻһجΡ
ֻǣϵʹӡֹδйľҲûҵԭ
Բȥˡ
ĽϣӴ𣬼򵥵ϴ
ˮϣûͷԽƳ⣬Ľϣ΢΢
뵽ʦչЩҩĻĽϣ߶ϵһСӣ׼ҩ
ָŲӵİ֣Ϊ˷ֹҩĸһֻֻǰҪҩؽƶҩϡ
Ӳ룬ȵĽ
˫ĿҩƬиһСģҩ𻵡
һҩµĽϣ̧Ĩ˰Ѷǵļ́ۿʣµһ룬еĶ
ƶһƫǰʱĽϣɫһ٣ĪĻŵĸо
¿ˮֻǴ
ݵĸķǴһֻһػݵĺ档
ݵúĽϣ´׼ǰһʱĻŵø
ҡμ䣬ָСĴǰݵҶƬľ״һСӡ
Ѫ˿Ѫ飬ǰֲϡ
ĽϣüĴָѹס˵Ĳ֣⴦ºΪһݷ
ûע⵽걻ѪҺմȾԼٶţûע⵽һϮ֮˶ݣϲ


7 
һҩĽϣ˦˦ƣʳָڲӵļˣȥȻʹ˸
еķ϶̧߳
ʦ𡣡ĽϣתϢ֪վǿ˶õŮˡ
ԸпʦƮ־
תͻˣʦʵܲʦĴڣҲˡ
ϣỽ
ʦҽе¡Ľϣ˼ϣȻȻĽĿתոɺ
ڣǻᱻչ˵úܺáѵöĽϣ¶ЦݣͫעһݣƤ£ӿɻܡ
ĽϣѹĿڣϸϸ֪ʱĻ˵˳ĪĻš
Ļţ־䣬Ůƫͷ
ĽϣСߵǰ
Ůָ̧֣ǴǳɫٴעڣǱº͵ȡ
ĽϣڵĻϸСߣȥ
ȱݣδǱûгڣ㾭ͨȱݱ㱩¶ˡջ֡
Ľϣ⣺֮ǰڡ֮ء꣬嶼ûвʡ
ֻʱԵ
ʱԵ
Ľϣòףڡ֮ءʱвģֱѯʦʦǣǶֱ׵ϸĸ֪ԭ
ʦ㣬˵һЩĻ
Ҳʦûѡһʼ̵ԭ
㲻õģ塣̧Ůīڵķ
Ľϣһˡ
꣬ǿʶ֡ǲ죬ȥ
Ľϣʵش𣺡׶飬ҲдһЩ֡
š̤
Ľϣ鷿ܣһ鼮ǽС
ɫ鷿Ϲֽ߽Ǳѹס
ĥīеīѯʡ
Ľϣ˵ͷĥ
īݸһëָУĽϣĥī
īĥú󣬷óλãëʵݸĽϣд𿴿
ĽϣֻŴ䣬ëʵıʸˣę̈ڵīУ̨ī֭ȥ
ü续ʥĲƷеŮӣµһ֡
Խ
дĽϣͷëʣصһߣȴʦۡ
пɡдµ壬ֻ˾䡣
Ľϣ˼صͷշһ˿⡣
ǸһۿȥͲе壺ʦ˵ҵ𣿡
ֺóġĽϣС
鲻䣬΢΢µĴԤʾŮ˲飺д
ʸָУ󸲸ֱϣŵϣϹ
ĽϣӽӲŵűʡ
̫ˣ޹޷档ǰ˵ĺ󾱣˿Ĺš
ڷȣĽϣһǶݵʧϰ㣬˵һһ
֪ŵ
ֱ
ϣŮЩ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣʶĺأʶ£ϵĸ
Ƶɿ֣Ľϣһʱ죬ëֽϣڸдõġֱīɫһ㡣
񡣡ʵ
Ľϣҵëʣˡʦˡ
ްһӣֽǴгīƾʧղдӦûע⣬дһ顣
ĽϣæëʵݹȥȻȴ֣һһĵĽ̵
ĽϣЩĿⶢűʷߡ
ڡº֡
ɿϸʡ
ϸˡĽϣش
šӦȥղֽĽϣֿʼһֵĽѧ
Ľϣ
һΣдĽϣ֡
ԾӳĽϣǧǳŹ⡣
ͷιŮ˵ݣһ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ˷ܵĻŮˡ
ţӦ
ҵ֡ĽϣЦаˮУǰ˵ס
ĳʹ£ߣš
ڣǴӱǻз
ĽϣĵӣЦӨӨ
ƶ벽Ľϣľ룬£Ҷϰ
áĽϣ
⽫鷿յ͸Ҳ۵׵ĸɢĽϣûע⵽һ㡣
鷿ڣһֽд˸֣д󲿷ֶԽʶ֮ơ
һдԼֺĽϣ˳󲿣ҵһʼʦͬдŴֵֽһԱȡ
һʱϱԲдĵмģ
дǷݻԶĽϣҲ꣬ƿֽϰ
ȻʼʱĽϣʹĿۿһ˵鷿ſڣȷʱڲ¿ˮ
ʸߣֻʣëֽϸСĵĦ
𽥳͡
Ľϣֿ˻ᣬ֪ԵΣûнǵдõֽϣǷС
Ǳʶϣʦ֪Լдա
ǶʦĲĽϣԸԼѰ˸ɡ
ڰŻֱ鷿˲֪ƣдë֡
פƬ̣߽
ϣĽϣдϵ֣Գ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ±ʡ
Ľϣʱд֣ĿͣŮָڴ
ﱻī֭Ⱦ
òůޡ
ɫˣΪϵȱݣ˯зۡ˶٣
Ľϣлʦ𡣡
ҡͷǱĵӣ˿
ǡĽϣʶص漴Ӧس´ǣõģʦ𡣡
صԼסǼƫĽϣڶԷָ˴ϣϴŵȥ´׵¡
ڷָⴥʱĽϣŮϵ¶ȶɪ¡
Ǳԣƫ䣬Щʱգϰ߱áЩɫʳָָŮϡ
ӿƫڵ¶ȽࣺĻԵתˣЧή͡
һ˵ô໰
Ľϣҧ´䡣
á
ɺ̹ǵھߣݷŵֵȴ׾ٵػơ
ĽϣƤ㱻ǳɫȾֳһֲɫ
һƬѩУĽϣֱסµĴ̣Żζ壬ܷĳ
ʹ޳ϸָУĽϣ塣
ǰ֮˶÷ϵĴŮܲס֮ʣȥ̺ĺ⡣
Ľϣֻɢȥֻ࣬Ӧ˷һ
忪ʼ£麣ʼȣţϤİʹӹͷд
ۡĽϣ֮
۾ذָذĽϣ󲿵ľϣͬʱһֻֿٻĽϣ󣬽ס
ȫȱж£Ľϣȥ
𣿡ջǳѯʼڴϵŮ
ˡĽϣָЩֳ
ʱǣڵȱݡĽϣ峺޹ͫףʹġ
Ժ󣬾ͲʹˡֱۣЩϢ뿪ˡ
ߡŮ
Ľϣ̧ۿǰˣһϮɫĵŮ˲Ⱦüۼ䲻¶˵
ɻҪ뱾˵
Ľϣס½ǣűѾת׼ߵŮ˻عͷº͵עһµļӿ졣
ʦϵȱʲôɵġ


8 
ݵⲻ֪ʱ˷磬Ӱҡҷʵػζڴ⡣
Ҷƿյġɳɳ
Ľϣŷ߬½ǵй˼ڴߡ
мӹľ㾭ͨʱ䲻Գܡ
ԭˡĽϣ˵ͷͷ뿪
ڶգĽϣճȥҩˮ
վԵһɨȥĽϣ˲Եĵط
һݳƱΧҪϺܶ࣬ҶƬɫΧļҩ߳һأֺȺļơ
ĽϣСݵǰ۲졣
ر֮
Щ˽⣬ֻÿҩԼϰԲͬɵġ
ùרŵˮߵһСϪУһˮ潽ÿҩϡ
Ľϣڡ
ʦڡ
Īʧ£ĽϣƫͷסƲԷǷ档
ƿߣصƫлع˹ѧϰ󷨺ͽ
̻󷨵ľûд󷨼䣬ֻƾָĻ󷨵
ϰСʱĽϣԪӶƿϡ
ģ˿趯ѧϰʽ
һʽת̳󣬽
ָ׾ٵĽסƶࡣ
̺ȱȫ⣬ĽϣƱ£ֱ
ʦʦ𡣡Ľϣ㶵ػ
ΪޣеĽղס
úáǳ
Ľϣæס࣬ȴʦ
Ȼֻ̧ս֣𣿡
Ľϣ漴ʶʵǸղŷһ¡
ҡͷʵش𣺡ۡ
Ǳá˺벽޵ţǵۡ
ԣĽϣļһůĨĵЦ⣬Ԫ麣ڣǺӰ㣺۵ĻʦΪһġ
ƶǰŮˡ
̶̼յദ֪ʦĮ֮صů
ȥ׽뷲оУദԷҲȰˡ
šĽϣӵĿ⣬ôУζгȥ
õģʦ𡣡ĽϣõӦ
ԣԲ᳤ѹ
ɷռ䣿ʡ
һʮƽҵġĽϣ
áüŮϵöռҪջˡ
һ֮ǰ˵ĽϣԵƳռʱöҪعС
Ľϣ£֪Ǿ仰ݸ
˽֮ѯʡ
ûСĽϣشûʦʦС֮࣬õġ
ͻȻĽϣ뵽д·ֵֽҪĿڣͼֱ̧дŵȫƮڰС
Ŀռ䡣
Ľϣ۾еļƷһ̧࣬۾ƼԶƮֽ
ĽϣæԼĿռ䣬±
һƷʧǰĽϣ˺ֽۣ˿Уȵǡ
Χûֽʼ½ڷС
ʦ𡣡Ľϣеػ
̧ۿǲ⡣
ҡĽϣû뵽ôͱˡ
дͦõġ޳ָֽϵָ֣˵㣬ڱ𣿡
ϲ
ʦϲд֣Ľϣš
ϲ
Ľϣŵ鱻תΪ޴ϲãصص˵ͷʦϲͺá
Ҳһ̯ǲ֮ͬǰĻο׭̣ס
Ľϣ˫ֽӹʦͬ¶ȵ
öбڣа
лʦ𡣡Ľϣϲϣϲ̵š
ֽ
ǺԣľٶĻϲĸԸĴ
󣬷ֲ֪ȥ
Ľϣȥտ˷ڵҩѰģ뿪
ǰˣ֮ǰĹ㳡ʱ;Ѿǵˡ
ʦ㣬ʦ㡣ĽϣڻԪϣλʦеôȥ
ûѧô䡣
¶ͷΪεڿնȦסĽϣ˴û𣿡
ûĽϣջػԪ֡
šǹƵ֣ȷҪġͬ
Ľϣʦ㣬ǻ˵ġ
ʼ硣
߰ɣúתתƼĽϣһֻСϣ¶չʾʲô
Ѱſȥһöµģ۵ס
ǳ£ŮеҫζûջĿ⡣
ĽϣôԸֱӽ˹ȥɻƫƫй¶⣺ʦ㣬㿴ҵöÿ𣿡
޿ɱܣšÿ
ʦҵġĽϣͷطӣȻÿ
һۣŨŨΡ
ϸĶǼõġӻöʲôЧ𣿡
ţԻϵʹĽϣЦģͫ˸ĹâΧһжԱȵİ
ϵʹɻ󣬡һ궼û˵˵
ĽϣҲ֣ʵش𣺡⼸۵ģʦ˵ϵȱɵģ˰ɡ
û̫࣬ʦع˶ãȫָ
סֹ
˵ʦȥ䰡ܳ𣿡Ľϣ뵽ǰ쾰صĹӡ
ûܳȥҲ硣
ſ²СҪǳ˵õӦʲſԡ
ҪȥĻȥϡ⿴ĽϣҲͬ⡣
üңȡһƻƹϵĶҧ˿ڣ̴̵ǰ߼Ȼ̧ƹϣԺվԭص˻˻֣ȰϤȥ档
Ľϣ첽ȥ
һ죬;Ľϣڸй䣬ʱС
̫ˣټϺܶط룬ȵ̫ɽʱҲûתһС롣
˴ͤ
˱˵ϡ
ллʦ㡣Ľϣűףл
λϣвˮ̽ѩأӹܵ𣿡
䡣Ľϣ𵭵Ļȣǿĵ׵ļ¶ıѩѾڻˣڵ졣
棿üһµӣ֪ȻҪЩ
ղʲӡ֤Ϣ
ϾȻΪǰСʦãı˳ϰߡ
档Ľϣ϶صͷ
϶ܺáƬ̺ۡ
ɡĽϣЦˣˮһλʦ𣺡ʱˣҪȥˡλʦ㣬´μ
ʦҪΪ塣
´μͬʱעĽϣȥ
ϵǺ⣿Զˣҵܾá
⡰šϾĻЩ£Ǿͺá
ʯϼûĲˮû޲


9 
ǿ֣ɫãھĵģǵڵƹͨΪ˴ڡ
Ľϣ֧ľߣĿڵת
ڵĻҡҷˣϸ΢ڣﲻԶϪʣʱˮ
Ψ֮˵ӰʱʦѾʼΪˡ
̵֧ӣٴο棬ϣƼˡ
ϧûС
ƫڣů¯ڵĽϣ߽ᡣ
䵭
ڴϣתԼľǣǰ㡣
һӺĽϣۣĿϣڷԣڵ롣
ʱѿסʧء
ƵĿڣҪߴűƿĦ
ƫе΢ţĽϣƾ˵Ķˡ
²ʦˣæӴ£ֱֱس嵽űߣָʱʶԼڼˣ͡
ƫڣԽڷŵƷϴź˪Ůϡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ûϢ𣿡ǡƫͷļϵʪתŲվԭأüĿº͵ؿվƫżϵˡ
ɢ⣬ϵ͡
Ľϣ뵽֮ǰ˵Ǿ䡰ʦǸˡ
ôһġ
Ľϣͷüŵϲãʦû
ʶڵȷ
ëƬ̺ЦЦõȱֱϢá
ĽϣӽӲһ˲ҡá
šתȥ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣԽס
£Ľϣü΢΢ʲô
۱ڵֱۣˮɫӵײȾ˵Ѫɫ
ʦ𣬽յĽϣѵ
ͷȴûתϵѪɫԽԽԣ۾ϵӻ㻺ͣҪҲҲΪ
ɡ˶ٵ
áĽϣ
صƫĽϣϣָ̧οյı棬ĵ׷𵭵Ŀɬ
ͻȻǺҪˡ
֪ΪΣԷһĪҪ׽ĴԷദľˣָоԽǿҡ
ĽϣָоڶԷ֮ضİȫкС
ƽڴϣĿĵͷ
ʱһţĽϣŵ۾û˿ƣĽ࣬˸ǽϵɽˮ
ī磬һȻݵĸоů¯Ị̇ʿζ
ֹһʱ䣬ĽϣһδӴ뵽ϻûڵĲҩˮ
СƫţĽϣ͵͵۷סţŵߵǰ
ᶯסţŵ
Ȼʱľһ׿ˡ
վߣժһݡ
ǿóõݡ
㶼䣬ŮƺĴڣֱ̧еۿɼٶתΪһ̲Һ塣
ϣɫ͸Ųİס
ʦ𡣡ĽϣСĽϣʵӽҹδｽˮ
ҹɫŨأ˳֮£ͺáĵҺ壬˳ʸǣһû뼡
Ľϣһ˲˲ضŮˣԷǱݣĿʦ𡣡
źۼ룬ڵҺȫںŮķ
ʦ𣿡Ľϣѯʡ
ڵĲҩãûǴĻʦժµ꣬üѡ
Īʦˡ

Ľϣʲôȴϣ˵ڣ
Ľϣȷ˵仰ôô֪ˡ
ǰȥǣڡؽ͡
Ľϣ´
Խڰӹ̾󣬽ʱһȥɡϵˮ滹ʣ°ˮ潽š
Ľϣȥã
иӦҲܷġ
ĽϣεվһߣӦáתصһʼ⣺ʦôˣ
ˮĶЩԷˮܹı𣿡
Ϊʦǣ˵ӷ֮¡Ľϣӵ
ѿڶĽϣӲͷƤҲֻǵʦ塣
ݻ֮ãֻ˲ſá
𣿡ĽϣȷķӦ
Σûٸ𸴣񶼱䵭ࡣ
ϣõľĬĽϣŮ˵
ʦڡĽϣȴŮ˽Ļ
Ը𣿡ͻȻ
Ը⣬ʦ̵ңԸ⡣ĽϣԼ̬ȡ
ԣƽֱ΢΢ǳɫͫƺǧá
Ľϣʧδʦòʽϳ֮ˣһһЦעĿƲߡ
૵ʦʲô
߽ذָ˵Ůͷ
绮գǼ⣬Ժǣûע⵽δֱ۵׵Ц⡣
ƮڱģѾԹסˡ
Ҫ㼸ѪҺߵͳúҲ˳١
Ľϣ붼û룬ֱʦҪұ
ֱ̧ۣ䣬¶һСֱۣһָֻ⻮ΪӣгһԼֵϸСӡ
ѪҺ
ʦҪ٣ĽϣѪҺѯʡ
ʮαáͫǳɫĹâһȡһСƿӷĽϣֱ·
ĽϣתֱۣǵӶ׼ƿ
ѪҺ۳ˮ״һſˮУ˳ƿƿס
һѪҺ£ƿƿӣָĽϣֱϵ˿ڣǵ̼ۺϣ𣬿һ㻮˵ĺۼ
ˡ䴽
࣬ѪҺѣʦ´Ҫٸʦ𡣡ĽϣЦе
áͷ
̧ƿĽϣ潫ѪҺ뽽ˮСѪҺϪˮΪһ壬ŲԵĺɫ
ʦʲôĽϣ档
ҡͷˮ½
Ľϣ֮ʣֱĲҩǷ˲̶ͬȵı仯һ⣬Ʊ֮ǰҪһЩ
䲻ԣУѾע⵽֮ǰĲͬ
Ľϣ𾪵ز֪ԡ
üԼѪҺˮȻ˹Ч
֮ѪҺȻҲгûеĹЧǰĲҩժһ곤Ʋݡ
Ľϣϳ˷ժ꣬ͬġ
ôǷҲ
ԣԼʦҹҪЩݵİ
ʦĽϣصƫڣͷֱԭСڵλãȫȻǷͷԼЦʱĳ
㡣
⣬װѪҺƿѿһһ̯Ĺ۲죬Ƭ̺̾ʥ塣
̧ƫľʱſڴעˣߵĻţ𣬱ʽ̵ǰ׼
Ŀ⽻ӣĽϣһģĨЦݳ۵ʱȻö
õģʦ𡣡Ľϣ֮ˡ


10 
ʣΪɫһߡ
СϪϣһǿ轣ƾ׵գɢȥʧ
Ľϣϵĺˮ˳£򦴦һڵϡ
ֱʱĻֹ
һջأشϢţ̧Զͤз鼮Ůӡ
ƤŮɤӻ
ĽϣĨ˰ϵĺҺ帲ֱϣȻ𽣣ظղŵһһʽ
̫ͷϷ塣
һѧʽûͣĽϣסԷһ顣
ǳһ˲˲ſյϵŮ޳ָҳϣ˹Ľϣȥ
ƳԼˣĽϣŽֽ˼֣ʦؼסý֡
ֻվΧֱ̧ۣһľƾճУĽϣͷá
˵գζĽϣϰʽ
мѭˣΨƼ󣬲Ľһ㡣ҡҷƮݣ˵߸Ľϣʾ
Ůǰ˵Ľֹͣ˶
Ԫ棬С
˾ɫֲϣҶ֦ײ졣
𣿡һʽϵˡ
ˡĽϣĵ

ĽϣԣɵߵŮߣϵĺˮɣİϣ͵͵ʹ˸
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ٴһΡߵŮ΢ָŮὣֱϡ
ŵһ𣬴б෽ĽǶȿȥĽϣ§ڻУޱȡ
ĽϣľȻϷӽӲ޷価ϵϢ
޷ܣֻܱɡ
רĵ㡣ŮĲ
áĽϣͷڵĺ͵糺졣
Լһ״̬
֪Ůı仯ӿĽϣԪѭŽʽ
ͬԼǰ㣬ĽϣֻԷɿٶȻ۵麣λ麣ģԪӰŷֻһ
˵
ꡣԪӽǰ֦дնһή֦Ľϣ˼˹
Ѿɿ¶οģԲ
ʦ̵ĺáĽϣص
ЦЦתߵͤ¡
ҸʦݱˮĽϣСܹȥ
𲻺ȡ˵ʯϢᣬȻỹҪ
Ľϣָմ˻ʵ棬΢ŵͷǰ˶ӡ
ָζϻۼΪһ󷨡
ĽϣȣΪʦ󷨣
˳ǣͷεɫգƲ㵲ס̫һߡ
šͷǸ󷨱޷Ƴ
Ľϣȥʦô˶޷ƳƾҲܻƳ
ֻʦΪúѧϰ󷨵˵ǡ
ܻƳҪҪǻԵ˲ſɻƳĽϣ˫Ŀһһ٣ˣ޷󷨵á
ʦǼĻ󷨼λʦֵҲǻԵģΪơĽϣ֪һεѹ
Ȼ֪ڵӵԡ
ֻǣҪĲ
䲻࣬һһеģʥ壬亱
ʥͬһϣѼ
ֻơ
㣬պΪƳҪ󷨡Цǳǳ
ĽϣǰˣԺﲻطŷ仰
ֻơ
㡣
޴ޱȵ˻̼佫ĽϣԷʱΪƷ
֣صر֤Ӷʦ
ڴšͳ
Ԫ麣ڣĽϣŷڿյϻֳһƬ
ʦҲδЯ󷨵ľĽϣ˴֣ѯʣҪȥ󷨼ȡ֧õľ𣿡
ľһ˿ɻ漴ʶ˵ʲôҡͷ󷨣һҪ
ü续ѾԻļ󷨣Ӧÿۼļܹ
Ľϣͷ󷨼䣬ʦʦǲû˵󷨵ķʽ󷨼ЩǰǣʹЯľơ
ͷ
̯ƣǳɫתУΪʾһ飬̼סžͺá
ʹЩѶȲν󣬷Ľϣѧᡣ
Ǳ߻ܳŰ꣬㹻ʱĽϣɳ
뵽⣬ɫ䵭Щȥ˼󷨵ĹʵعͨȻƾҪЩһ״ܸͬ󷨡
ƻڿߣһɫâĽϣǰȻ֯ںһ
ԼĪһʱ䣬һļ󷨳ڰС
Ľϣþ棬´ĿƵǰ󷨡
ԭĿֱơ
ĽϣԾԾԣһĽš
λЩӦһ߸չճȻΪǵڿС
ĽϣٵؼһδʧܣЩɣܹƼˡ
Ȼܹɵ󷨣Խ˵Ѿǽɿ졣
һԲ
̫䣬ƲȾѤõĳȻɫůůġ
Ľϣ˦˦ɬ󣬿һα󷨡
ʦ𡣡תߵߣҪһǼʹǸľɡ
Ǹܹ󷨣һδεıġ
̼ǵľ󷨵ʱ򣬵һξͳɹˡ
ôһԱȣֱòݡ
ǳ֮ʡü𣬲ͬһζĽ
ʦʦֶǸľġĽϣѰ˸ͷ
ǳɫͫУֻվǣ͸һʥ࣬ⴥС
Ľϣ޶˷ˣҪջظ˵Ļ
ϰЯľԻϵġɨڵĲҩѵ˼֣Ƶ󷨵ȼߣǲδԲľ
ִã಻ǿӴ䣬£ϰɫЩȥƫ㣬Ϊӡ
˵꣬ĽϣӦʱ䣬Ӱʧԭأ޴̽Էǰĵط
Ľϣ̧ҪĻɤ
ʦʧˡ
Ľϣ׹ȵףݺ´ȣԼ
һζһζĽϣһԼ
Ƭ̺ҧס´ơ
һδεʧܺڣĳΣɫɵ𽥻۳״Ľϣס飬һСĻƳ
䡣ռŤһ˲
λƵǴйԵ󷨣Ϊ˷ֹˣСĵѡ󷨽λá
Ȼ͵Ϊһ˳ʱͻȻʧȥƣƿأֱֱسȥ
ڵѿǰ׹ڵߣ󣬲ſ
ڵҩȫݻ٣ɢڵϣҩݵĸɢȥգۼĹ򣬿ή㡣
ĽϣʧܹȥĿУһĨϤӰһ˪ؼһήݡ


11 
¶̼併ͣ˪ѩ콵䣬ʵСϪʱ
ΨﲻܵӰ죬ʵ¶ȡ
˪ѩƺܿ
ֻǣӰصÿݻһƬ
ĽϣŲӲԭأ촽ϵѪɫɢĿ⽹Ŷڵϼʰһҩˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴһ仰˵ڡ
ڣ纮˪ؼеҩּ䣬ʧڿռСȡһӣּ̧䣬עС
ӰУذ׵ָŽˮɵˮ¡
ʦ𡭡Ľϣĥĥ߹ε𣬡Բ𡭡
ϣ½ˮѩļ򣬲Ƭڻˮճһ
̧ͷǳɫͫѩ״𣿡
Ľϣ㶵ؿ䡣
𣿡ɨŮüĶ˶һ㱡ѩ
¶ٴλع
Ů˴ȥһ˿һ𱸣ȥԡϴʱ󣬱ȥ㣬Ϊ塣
Ľϣ첽ϷĲʦ𡣡
Ų΢٣ǰߡ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣЩ·æקסŮ˵½ǣҲǹģʦ𡣡
Ľϣʹͷµ̨ϲżˮգЩҩڼ꣬ǧꡣ
Ľϣг˼֣ץ½ǵȻ䡣ϳҧס´ǻŵѪʧȥеûȥ⡣
ЩҩȻҪ˶ܳãȴԼݻˡ
Լ³ġ
ʦ᲻˲Ը̵ˡ
ûй˼ʱڣϲǱʱߣͲ
Ľϣվ̨һ㣬ֻܿŮϸʹ䣬࣬΢΢ذָ
޴עŮʧС
Ĳ𱸺ͿοĽϣʧǵߵߣ
غɫϿյġ
ôĽϣԼ֣ԺظƿصĻ档
һĸ̣һڼѰҿ̻ʱĴ
һˡĽϣشͷ
ֱֱ۴ʱͻȻ뵽ǰһ¡
ʦ˼ѪҺˮУȻ󽽲ҩʱǵٶȶЩ
ôĽϣؿԼ
ԼѪҺЩҩ᲻ɳĿһЩ
öע⣬һݣϵƤ
ĽϣתѪҺˮС
Ѫ䣬Ⱦ˺ڵİˮ
ԼĪʮκĽϣֹס˿ڻҺ塣
ҡˮѪҺˮ׻һ㷲飬̽Եؽµһֲ
˫ֺ£ǰԸϣֱܹ仯
ȷԼѪҺǲֻѾֲáֻѾֲõĻȥʦˡ
һҪáĽϣ͵ԴɳƵ߱¶Ů˿̵Ĺ
һ˫ĿŸոսµݣĬ
ⰲֱָ֮
ʱһʣĽϣҪʱڳϸ΢ı仯ƺʲôˣһб
Ľϣ۾һ˲˲ضš
ڣһ̵ѿĽϣ˼֣͵վȥ
ҪϢʦ
Ȼûܼͱеͷ˻
Ӧõеֲָģٸʦ
Ľϣƽ飬ˮ΢΢ÿֲﶼˮȴһſ۵ѿ
ʱǰһƬϸС⡣
ĽϣĦŽˮֱƫͷķһ̵طˮ
µοȡ£ʱĿռС
ϻǳһĺۼ
˿ڱȾصĺɫĽϣʹߵһֲԣصµһŨѪҺ
ѿѪҺѹͷȻ˳ŵľ
ʱ䣬Ѿδܱݻǰ֮һĳ̶ȡ
ȷúĽϣָݵ˼ѪҺתǰһֲ
ﲻȴҲֲ˽ֲÿѪҺҲǸС
ĽϣɫԽҰףʧѪĻŲѣŲգÿһ¶ǲ޻ϣ
ҧ⣬ǿѡ
һֲﱻ꣬Ľϣվסˣһͨһڵϡ
ϣҲûôӲ
˿һʱ䣬Ľϣǿվӿռȡöοϣסģ޷ȫĨ˿ڡ
ʦͲᷢˡ
ڣʮҩذڷϣϸ޳ָһϣޱһǽϡ
ƺ͸ǲʵǽ棬һС
Ľϣڵصͬһʱ䣬תߣǰҩϡ
ԭӦήҩ˿ɢ
Ӷϵҩռ䣬ʱ䣬˻ᣬƫȥ
ĽϣŲͷԵĻҪ˯ᡣ
ʦ𲻾þͻʦ𿴳쳣ȻʦȵӣԼɡ
۵İɡ
ĽϣǳĻȡ
ů¯Ʈڣ˿ڵʹζ¼ࡣ
ָ̽һָͷ£ʱ䣬ʦӦþҪˡ
ţƫű˴졣
Ľϣ񾭱û£ԼֱûĴѵ㡣
ʦ𡣡ĽϣţЦ⡣
򣬶ŮװӶĽϣӽƫڡ
ΪʹûӷɤдǴ˾ȻĴ
õģʦ𡣡Ľϣæȶ壬ȫܷ̽
ϢΪǡ
õġĽϣϢ˫Ŀ΢ա
飬ʹ̼󴦵˿ڡ
ĺҺڶͷգȻ۳һ·£ǡ
ĽϣҽǴǣʹ󣬲ᱻʦʲô
ҺۼԽԽ࣬һţҲסĵ䣬ڷĽϣǰֱϡ

ͷһôĴ̹ǵۡ
Ľϣβȵ󵹣ű֧ס
յʹǰһҪܶࡣĽϣڳŮüۣһһ٣ı㲻ˡ
Ľϣ̧ѪɫӣάֲסߵЦ⣬Ťĸллʦ𡣡
ӣ˵л
ǱӦġĽϣʧѪ麹´εʱһºһúϢ
ʦ𡣡ۼҪ뿪Ľϣæס
ӬȴѾŮȫ
̧
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ۵ϣĹҸϲ


12 
ζײҺˮ֮֯һ𣬻谵ڡİ崦ںڰ֮Уһڹ
ʱƺˣĽϣֻ巢䣬ѭĵطͷȥ
ֻյ·İڷһƿƿҺС
ԼѪ
Ľϣ˲侾ҵĿ־ӻԵĳ˯ѿ
ˮȾ۾͵ضͷϷļ¾þɢȥ
Ľϣںʶϵοüһ
Ҫ֤جеĳȡ鿴ϵ˺ۡ
£³Ƥ⽫ۼǣһ㻮ĺۼ
Ľϣĵ
ڶجˣеĳǲģֻͬξΣӵʵĸܣò롣
ľ˳Ű࿪ŵķ϶ƫڡ
˰ĽϣŴӴ
ʹ˸ֻ·ʱеĳǡ
Ľϣ˯Ҫϲƫţָ˨ϡ
͵ؼĹ⣬Ӧƫͷ󣬲ۡ
ˡĽϣһ
ԼȻ˯ôá
첻߳ĿǱʶڣҩҫ£
Ľϣع˹ΧȴδַӰ
ʦڡĽϣĵ޶ʧ伸֣ߵͤߣ֮ǰλá
麣еĻԪҡ£ĽϣֱֱŮǰߡ
ԪĽϣסԪĽ
ָⴥһ˲䣬һɵӽд˳ָǴԺ
һ޵ڶߣдŵ⣺ˣǰǵ㡣
ʦ
ĽϣʯɫעԪڣԪ
ڿԽȥ
ڡ
ŸõĲˮ˹һڣָİɫС
ڶŮһۣ΢΢һЦִ¡
еĲɡʱָʵľڵ棬Լˣ
Ͻգ졣ִӵ־þδ£Ŀⲻ֪δ
ʱҲߴ٣豭Сڡ
еİһѨ
ʱ࿴£ɻط²豭Ҫ˵ʲôʱֻ֮˵Ȼˡ
ʱüദöӾ֪˵˭֪Էˣ̣˵ʧѪԵģ
š΢ɼصͷ
ǱʱͻȻ˾䡣
ž޲ƫתʱ࣬κվڡ
ʱתָϵĽָϴŵǣʱʱֲʱĵڡ
ĽϣӻԪԪ麣̤볯ͱ
ֹʦڣҲڡ
Ľϣ¿ˮ񣺡ʦ
񡣡ʱֱ̧ۣ˵գɺЩˣ
Ľϣ֪ķӦæͷ
ԼȻա
һаáĽϣ
ʱ˵ͷָ棬вˮһ˿վ¸̨ʦӦл˵ھͲˡ
ӹĽϣʱ߶Ĳת򣬹̬˲ɵö࿴ˡ
ߺ󣬳ֻʣ·Ľϣˡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣų̈ϵˣǳɫĵŮ˸䵭Į
ҲңԶ
ϣǵͻ̾ϢҵľϲǳĻ𣿡
ǡĽϣͷ֪ʧҪֲ
۾գ޲֪ʱĽϣǰָŮϣ֪˻ᡣ
޴󰭡ɤԺ촽
ĽϣҪǰ˹ע룬ƾӿһǻѪסͬëɨ㣬ĴָŮ˵ֱ
עֻ֡
ʦڵĲҩ𣿡ĽϣдԼδܲıȡ
뱾֪𣿡˶٣һִֻŮֱϣ׾ٵؽŮù
ҡĽϣعʶԼղŵľٶжôĴ治ʡ
Լʦ֪ΪʲôҪʦ֪ҪʦۻǰοڵĲҩٵģЩҩָ
ڴʲô
νģ˵ҪľϲҲǷֲ
ȫ֮ǰ˿ʹʹָ£ڼеʹȴ޷ʱ
롭³֡
Ǳ㲻ʡ
Ľϣüۡ
ոһڣǰӹ̾󡣡תƻ⡣
Ľϣµȥӹ̾£֮ǰͺ˵ֻǵʱ˵һȥ
Ѿ֪ͨ;ǣһһͬǰ˵գźۼĽִĽϣֱȡ£ƹǰŮվڳǰ
ڵȴˡ
ĽϣعͷŮ˵ıӰ
ʱ;ϵǰĹ㳡
һĻ֮ǰ֮һļλʦʦ֡
ϡ˹
ӦһǰһǼӹ̾󣬶ǡ˶٣Ӧ֪㲻ٶԡ
Ľϣ˵ת۾䣬ض˶ӡ
֪
ǰ˶࣬ҲҶʡ
һһźĽϷŴ
ʦãȻվһ𡣡
ûüΪʲôͱԾϡ
Ľϣǰվž⣬ǰԶʦ
ʦã϶áƲ㣬Ľϣб󷽴һλʦС٩
ĽϣŤͷȥʶλʦ㣬֮ضչˣϲڣϢʱ֣һЩԹζ
֮ʣֳϸת֮죬øʶʱĽϣ档
ȴֲòϣλʦϣѧ˺ܶࡣ
ʦ㣿Ľϣ档
ԭƻӦǰģ˵Ҫ㣬ӻʱ䡣ЦӨӨſǰĺ󱳣ֱȻȻȦסԷĲ԰ɣ⡣
Ľϣ̽Ѱؿ⡣
ߡš󿿵ϡ
ûͷƵġļ򣬳ĳѣ˴Ľϣǰľûйӣһ
ȡ˸ͮͮ͸˵ӵ档
̧ץס·ϲ˲ҧһڣۣ̫ˣһ㲻ࡣ
ȵġ
Ľϣм䣬λʦĻȻֻǵ˵Ļ
ʦΪ˵רӳǰʱ䡣
ĿƵˣʦʵԴȤĻ
ʦĬĽϣһĨԼδע⵽Ļȡ


13 
λϽϷ򣬾ԽʮνңԶ
ϴǹȥȻ·̣ǿҪкþáִʳʱ˸زļͷǰ˴
ʦãʲô𣿡Ժ档
һϵļ˷׷׳Ľϣȥ
תԼϣĽϣҡҡͷ
ûнʵ֪ʦʦǵġ
ŶԴִռȡˮ˼ںĨ˰Ѵߵˮ飬ŵøˣǲϸ㿪Сأ
ԣĽϣ뵽˷ϰ󷨣Ϊ£ȻȾһ㵭糺졣
תôסһȺۼˡ
תͷĿĽϣԽӲ԰׵ϣһ˿Ծĵط
ãѵʱеۡĽϣҧŴƳ򱳶Ⱥ˵ʦϡ
ڽһˣǵĻ޶ãֻŵµĻʳǣ֪Щʲô
΢΢Ŵʦܸ𡣡
۵׵ɻ仰ϰǿҪһЩ
㣬ĽϣƣͲ֮˽͡
ȻΪá󣬷ֽӹԷŵˮ򿪹ڣʦҪȵ𣿡
Ľϣش𣬾¼磺ʦǾˣһˮô˺ȡ
ֱӣȥ̽ȥ
٣Сĵ㣬ȥˣʱֱˤ˼һʳĿɻԽڡԶһ
ԽڵĴʦ֣
㣬һٷ֮С
ϴǳĻȣڼλŵ½磬ĵȥˡ
ĽϣϲŷΧÿ˶ʵģʲô֮ͬʱǴһиС
һˡ
ִʳڡĮȻ䵭ǰ
ϵĵӷ׷Ӧǡ֮һ
Ľϣֱͦ壬ϵŷΡ
˵ЩʲôߺС벽Ŀ϶
ʦҪʲôĽϣƼͷٻԼ彣һֱʳǶȥ
ϲϲ˶ࡣԴͣո֪ǽλһȺˣӦҺһڴ󳼡ͷȥҹֻͨ˱á
ĽϣȻ΢΢Щѯʹڴ˴μӹ̾ľ
һһشĩˣ̾һû뵽Ҳ
ţĽϣ
üһ˼ǼģǰͻȻ˵ǹ
ĽϣĲ׽Իеʱ㣬ͬںһգҲԵĵһ졣
Ů´ǲǿΪʦΪġ
ĽϣͻȻܳ뷨ŵˣָĦϵοԽԾ˼ά
ʱ½һ߶ȺĽϣͷۿ档
·ͷվ벽ɫεӡ
ٺ棬ǻװӺŮӡ
ʵۣ̫ӣ̫ԱߵŮţ漸˵дµ˽⡣
Ľϣ˵ͷ
һֱվǰķתǳɫͫڼӹֱֱĽϣϡ
Ůһۿӿ졣
½
ǡӦڷ֮½
Ľϣס󣬴½
ʦ㻹ǵ½ϰĲǺܺáĽϣ۵׻Ц⡣
½Ľϣûվȣ˱ӭһ񣺡ϡ
̧ӣ񡣡
ǰЩվһȡ
ĽϣάűǶȣȴǺشǰһ֮
ǵһμ龰
ͷ첽
֪ǰʧԶӭˡϵϴŵЦ⡣
֮ǰյϢֻԽڵĵǰͷһ֪ҲʱʺǾȡ
Ͼϵݰǡ
ްǱδ֪ͨдš֮顣
ʿһҪǰȥǰ׼õϢ
ϣôλǰ̫ǰһ
ȥӹ̾ɡЦӯӯؽͷ
ʹĬ
̫ϵЦһ˲漴ٶƫͷʣȴԷָ
ʳ˼£Ǿ鷳λˡ
Ľϣ⣺ʦ㣬ΪβϢһȥӹ̾󣿡
ûбҪֻǵʱ䣬ӹ꣬ǻ䡣⴫;£Ҳϵ˼
õġһʦ˼Ľϣѯˡ
ζɨ˰Ů
ڷǰ벽λô·̫Ӻ͹档
ΪϽ֮һڻʳǵ޽ǴԻͣÿһ¶ŻʼҵϢ䲼ֹڰпĹ۲쵽ʳǳֶԳƲ֡
Ľϣ첽ǰڷ
ԼĪʱ䣬һߵһ޴Ĺ㳡ϣڹ㳡룬һʮ׵ڻת
Ʒ󡣡Ľϣգֱۣ󷨵ĵȼ
ֻתٶ̫ˣ۵ֻеĶһ롣
ϣڹ۲˱㵽
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ȥӹ̡
Ľϣһ˲ܿӦǡ
˵գŮ첽žȥ
עŮ뿪Ĳκ󣺡š
ȥ
ʼҲȥȻǼ˵ġ˵ԷӶԾļӹ̣˼Ƕӡ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣŲ
Ϊ㻤ţ㰲ļӹ̾ͺáؽš
õģʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ģϣ۸֪󷨵⣬һɫɵ󷨸麣С
󷨵ĻΡ
Ľϣٿת󷨣ڣ󷨵Ķ⡣
һ̻߲֪ã䵽ӵһϣʹԭĿռ䱻ָһ֡
Ľϣҳڣɿ֡
ʦ𣬶Ŀ̻⣬ȥ¹Ľϣ
š
ĽϣżأԾ
̧ͷ
ֻŮ󶯣ɫھĶǿӲĽĨ
㳡ΧƤƼǣҪֹĻɤС
⡣ʶдĴʦòֱ֪Ĩ󷨵󷨲ȣֱܷը𣿡
򴽣ǡ
Сǰָ˶עڣѹסﱩ
еĽϣǿҧס´Ǹ߱Ĩ̲ûܱյһɹɵðԿ
ĽϣȻ뵽˵޲ʱܵһֻһ֣Ҫ޸ġ
Ȼ˵ͼĴ
ҪӴע룬вдʱԭŰͻȻȹл⡣
Ľϣֻǰδеɣʶؿ·ˡ
ֻ󷨣һۡ
Ľϣססȫ󷨣һĽסȻУ̻ȷ󷨡
ߵ˳ʱת󷨼ӿٶȡ
󱻼ӹɡ
ĽϣСںӰн䣬ȴϢ˵ûȻ֮Խڱģ


14 
ֵĽֵСĽڶʳɢƮɢڿС
ĽϣͷڽֵϣֵĻ룬ϣλʦֵ
ӹһ˾ܾҵ룬뿪ˡŷεʶ£Ϊĳǳй䡣
ôˣղŵ£ֱ۴ĽϣĲϣأȥˣҲû㣬
Ľϣҧס´ɤﱻʲôסˣܵ
ʦȷûֻ˵˾䡰Խھ̵ġˡ
Ǿ仰ķ֮أѹĽϣ
ʦһʧţѹˡ
ѵóһˣúù䣬ʲô£˵ǻƿԴĽϣϵֱۣûģܲע󡣡
û֪ǴġԲ
˸ۣתοĽϣȡѵ´עͺˡ˵ˣҲڣú÷һ¡Ҫʲôʲôʦ㡣
󷽵ضĽϣ˰֣Ⱥ˵Եð˳
ҲҪͬ
ǳ£һĨĵЦݣһȥ
ĽϣƵ鱻Щ˳ߣ񣺡ллʦ㡣
Ըüλʦ㱻Լ˺飬Ľϣһǿѹӿķƣ󣬽עΧ̯ϡ
Ǻ«óԵıǺ«һӻűԲεĳˣ治֪ΪʲôסһȦزʮɫıǺ«
ĽϣƳۣٳʳû̫ϲá
ȴ۷⣬󣺡ҪǸ
ɨۣһ˵ˣϿûôʯŵ㡣
Եͷõġ
Ľϣֵؿˣһ̵ز廰ǽޣȽ
Ľϣ
ǰȥǺ«ıӰ͵޳ż˻⣬ûж롣ΪԽڵĵӣȻܸ˻ֻÿŰʱŵʮöʯ
󷨣԰˻󷨣ȳȥȻ㡣ǣ󷨵⣬ģֶǱȽϸġ
ĽϣȻص˵ͷҼǵþʦҲ޽ġ
ҲתͷؿĽϣ֣صúúѧϰ󷨣Ժʦ㡣
áĽϣ
ܿ죬һһǺ«ˣεظ󣬽еֱݸĽϣ;
лˡؽӹ
ĽϣҡҡͷҳԵģʦ㡣
ˣšֱ
ĽϣֻýĿռС
Ժ;ԵýζʱζΡ
ĽϣúЦ
ǰ˶ξ룬ΧС̯࣬һҼװξĵ̡
·ģҲҩֽġ
һҷֽͣ˵˾䡰һᡱ󣬾ֱ˽ȥ
ĽϣԵؿһɽסеԡ
ӦȥƵķֽҵ̵ġԾ׽ļ϶ջظ
ĽϣȻ
ԼĪʱ䣬ӷֽ߳߰ɡ
˶١ԴչȥСʡ
õġ⡰ĳԡ
Ժ;һۣЦˡ
ʦãʲôҪģøʦĽϣûô˵ΪԷżӹ̾£Щġ
ദĽϣ˽һЩͬô
֪ģʦ㡣ĽϣЦЦ
ԣû˵ʲôֻÿ
ĽϣЦӦá
ͣͣԺ;ԵΪãĶܶ࣬󲿷ֶǳʳ
һ²ֻ֪ԣһ棬Ǯȴûһ˿ԥ
ĽϣúЦ
һʳĵгĽϣеһɣ򿪴ӴȡһƬڿС
Ӳģź㡣
ǰߵʱͻȻյ˷ĴסǰļˣĻɫ˼֣ȥ
ʦ𷢵Ĵ𣿡Ľϣʡ
ͷѹƵĿٴڶԼʦͽܣΪʲôʦ𲻸
װɵĴӱ߽Ǳ
˸֮ء
һƧڣŮһϮɫڰʯ̨ϣǳɫͫзǰվӰ
źϼ䣬ʶǱ߼ɵӣ֮ڡ
ѾϵķԸŵַǰȥ
⣬ԣ˻ǰȥ̽һңԶʣȷһʧ
ǡ
Ľϣ˳֮ʱѾȥһʱ䡣
ϡ⣬ԡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ף
شһʦʦǰ֮
ĽϣΪҪһȥסˣһЦʦһͺá
̶̼ڣûеֻʣĽϣͷˡ
ԷĽϣһֱѵĴ
¿ˮСȥ΢ϸС𣺡ʦ𡣡
չÿɿģѯʡ
ûий¡
Ľϣ˻ҡͷġ
ü΢̧ǰŮ
ǰĳμ棬ſ˲٣ϵʧΪ졣
ģϸϸƷζκ󣬡ʱ̫𣿡
ʹֻһʱʱ䣬ű˵ȷ̫ˡ
䡣ӣüл캬Բϸ塣
Ľϣû뵽Ӧԭء
ôˣ޴롣
ûСĽϣ
ؿһᣬĽϣص˸ղŵĳǳء
Ѱ˴ĽǶȣӽ¡
ʦҡĽϣ֪ô˵ðűһ仰ԲҸ㶪ˡ
ΪϽһڣӹ̾󶼳ִ󣬴ȥ֪ᱻ˳Ц
Ϊʦĵӣֱӽ˵ϡ
ںúϰµûӰУ̧֣ԽӲĽϣķǱĵӣĹʧҲΡ
ǵûкúѧʦ޹ءĽϣʶӵ
දֶһ˲˳ǣ˵Щ´γ֪ʲôʱ򡣡
šĽϣӦ
ɢԥɫ
һǰһسӡ
ɫ𽥰ƲʱȾĳȻһƬĽϣǺ«ױƵ˫ֵݸ
ʦǺ«Ҫ𣿡Ľϣ
ԥŽӹ
ʦҵģҺٳʳʦ𳢳òóԡĽϣЦŵ
軨׷𣿡һݱƵӳգʵʥࡣ
ذָҡΣĽϣڴĿҧһɽ髣ͬʱζ١
óʦ𡣡Ľϣǧǳ
ĬŽǺ«ݵĽϣߣǺ𡣡
Ľϣһ˲漴۵׵ĹâſСܿɽ髣ҧһźס
ʦƭң𡣡Ľϣͷߡ
βȥ𴦹䡣


15 
罥𣬴Ů˵ںڵķ˿˳ŷ緭Ʈ衣
ȻȻסĽϣֱ΢ָⴥȵļʱʶز£ɫջ֣ӭŮĵЦ´š
˵գǰߡ
Ĭ˸ղŵƭ
Ľϣུĥĥظ˹ȥ
Ų䣬־ȵٶǰߡĽϣԷڳС飬յ׷ȥ
ʦ𣬵ȵҡĽϣС
⣬ɲػʦ𡣡Ų΢١
ӦýʦʲôĽϣ鶯۾ѯʡ
ֱʦɲҡ
´ؼǰ׺лֱ˵á
õģʦ𡣡Ľϣ
Ҳû˵ʲôȥˡ
ʳµҹַǷǰ˳ʱ֪˶١
Ľϣǰ״ǳɫӰһµĲ󼸲С
ǰмƷĵ꣬ǽȥĽϣС
ѭ߿ȥԼĪʮĳϣһװεĽ̻Ի͵ĵӳ
ɫĹӵ̵͸ȴů
ͷɡ
վǺԣЩϲĺܡ
Ľϣõͬ⣬ĵ׷ӿȸԾʶ֪Ŀռڴеʯ
ÿ·͵ʮöʯĺúõģһöûùó
ٶöʯӦÿԸʦСˡ
ĽϣŽڣŮ鶯˵У˼
Ľϣǰ棬ȻûвϸСת䡣
Ʒڲװ޸ǻΪ㣬ݼλĲͬÿڷŵĶҲͬ
һƷļ۸ߵҲʮöʯ
ĽϣɨȦкǰڶ㡣
ȥ
ڶƷļ۸һ˲٣ʮöʯףߵļ۸ӽöʯ
Ľϣ˿ż۵㣬ȻʲôҲû
ԵڶƲ⣬۸͵Ӧöʯߵġ
ܲĳܷΧڡ
ĽϣػͷһԲŮˣʦ𣬵һᡣ
ס
ֻĽϣ첽ܵ¥˵ߣϰ壬¥Ʒʲôλ
ϰ岻źۼشĽϣϺʹŲͨ˼ҵģֻ¶һߵο޼֮
͵Ҫöʯߵģǧöϰͬõش
̧¥ĽݣߣĽϣϰĶԻ
õģõģллϰ塣Ľϣл
ϰҡҡͷļ۸̫ڶѡ
Ҫ֪һöʯ㹻һͨ˼һµĳԺˡ
ѰĹԱӵܣܺ㵥ƷҲ١
ǳֻƷϻôǮô۵ġ
Ľϣϰĺ⣬ͷл
߰ɣǵ㿴Ľϣŷϡ
ռڵʯǲĻӦÿ÷棬ռڻ֮ǰϰʱ̻ʮŷ䣬Ӧܴչ
ʯϲ򡣡Ĭʱһ
Ů֪ķӦҡͷһģǮ
á
㣬ĲָǽڵװΣĲֶ֮ǰΡ
һ㡣ĽϣԸп
һͶ㣬Ĺ˿޼
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ·½ǣվһչʾǰļŮϡ
Ϊ׵ŮӣǼӹ̾ʱվģӦĹ
Ķڹ͵һȺŮӣ׷ײĿ
ΪŮڿĽϣʱɫʱù࣬˲ͦΣ䣬Χ˷Ӧǰһ𡭡
񡣡ָ΢׼ˡ
Ľϣ߿Щ
ΧŹվļλ˼С׷׺ȴִžη֮ĵصͷǰ䵭ĮȻ˶ӡ
ù˶Դģûмλ
֪ڴˣδӭӣˡ
ްйˣġ
Ǳ㲻ˡΧʹ˸ɫһ㡣
¥ݣս¥ݷֵʵľֽڶµĵϰ壬ʱոȥλѡƷǵʯջһὫҪʯꡣ
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Ҫǵģֻ֮һͷ㣬۵ƵĹâֱӴϰ壬Ǹ״һ¡
ϰĪضŹ˵ͷ
һк󣬹һȺŮ뿪Ʒꡣ
ո˾˭һλ빫ϵʵ
˻һ˵߶Ƶ˹ϡ
Ҳλݡ
ңƷļ۸񲻵ͣ»Ϲ𣿡һʵ
۾Եһ⣬ԼָףЦЦʲֱ䱾úá
£Ȼعˡ˵գصʹ¸֪ʡ
ԣʴúá
ƷڣĽϣǰڵƷɫͫױƷĹ⣬ǵ㡣
ѯʲǰĵϰ壺۸Ƕ٣
ԣϰöʯ
ԭöʯ֮һö
ĴָĦʳָĵڶָϣ֪ʲô
Ľϣһ۸˵ף˵͸ó𣿡
ԿԡϰæöƷȡ
һöµķľʯ׺ڵƹԣǰۿ·ˮ
̺ˮԪ֮ŮӳʱлᱻˮԪؽȾϰϲĽš
Ľϣ档

ǸȤ￴ϰЦ
áĽϣС
תż⣬ַ̧ڷȶԡ
߲࣬ڲȷҪ֮ǰû˿˽ż⡣
ʲôü
ԡĽϣüңȻס󣬽̶ԭء
áѡ
ʦ~Ľϣ÷ԭء
һͬ˵
ʦ䡣Ľϣصͷ
ԽӲ


16 
ƷůɫĵƴϣһССһӰյϡ
ĽϣӭŮ˵˹ȥ޵شʱʱ̴̿ݹ뾡롣
ϵĵԷλãϸָӴŮӨ׵Ķͷ
ʹӳδ̧һĽϣڶ
֧ڹͷϺܺÿϰ巢ά˾׵ķΧʺơ
ëƵغ˰벽ϵı鵭ģµٱ͵ĵƹУ󷽵ůɫĵƴʹЩ͸ɫ
ҪĽϣ
ŷβˣСĲŷӦʦĺܺÿ

ңʦôãδʦֲˡĽϣŷʦԸͽһ𣿡
ɹںƫͷӣ˫ǳɫͫĽϣУôĺÿˡ
ϢƺзϢҧס⣬˫ɲӶӡ
Ρ
áӦˡ
鷳װһ¡Ľϣһߵĵϰ
ϡϰСĽӹĽϣķ
ߵ¥ĳĳ룬ȡһɫĽУĽϣͷװá
öʯĽϣֱۻӶʯĿռڷڵϰĿռڡ
ķλߡϰ塣
Ľϣϲ˫ֱסУͷ뿪
뿪ǰϰ壺ջͶתңԱҵл⡣
˳ƷĽϣнڷʦ񡣡
˵ţװģһ
˹лл
ʦĽϣü
߳¡
ֹһʱһּˣӾͷһҵڳĽϣ˸
ʦǽ˯ģĽϣ㣬Ȼûƣ̬
̧ͷʵۣٻ彣š
ôˡĽϣ
ӵ
żأϥ΢΢Ծ彣ϣȻӸµؿվڵϵˣ
ˡĽϣ
ʱһȺ˲ͬȥʱĽϣͷˡ
סΣվڽĺĽϣ˼ǰ˴
ҹЩ䣬Ů˫ֻȡů־ȡůô̫Сֱʹ
ɫĻ֮Ʈݣ˵ĸо
ʦʦʦǲһȥ𣿡Ľϣ档
Լȥ
ʦʦȥʲôģĽϣʡ
¡
ʲô£Ľϣı
Ҫ¡򵥵
ŶĽϣ֪ʲǻ˸⣬ʦ㿴û˵ķ緶
šǻзһ
ٺ٣ҲáĽϣЦŪŴָջһ״
²ҪʦȻû˵ھͱǰ˴ϣе㳳
߲³ĸ֡
ĽϣǻѪһˮ£۵׵ɢȥ֡
ڰлһɫĺۼХķӶ߲Ľϣĳɢ
һ˲ŮŲ˰벽Сȵƶȣڽ¡
ֶü
ϿյʱĽϣ˯ϲ֪ʱһѩ׵ı̺
ʶؿ˯ǰͬһ̬ˣԽµģȶ˻ȥ
˫סë̺ı߽ǣվ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣỽǰˡ
ˡת۴£ƽ½䡣
ĽϣšͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ھ滹׸߶ʱһԾ¡
Ľϣ״ŴӰ£ŵײڼʵĵϡ
˯ʱʱţ۵ĺ󾱡
ƤѰҷټȴֶԷķȥ
͵ҪʦľϲС׷ǰˡ
ҵľϲ𣿡ָڵĳõҩݣôģ
ĽϣƤգ۾һָڴߣصءꡱܡ
һ˲˲ע˵ˣ۵׵˿òУ΢ţȵϢϲϲ
ض仰۹ʵŮڴδľϲ
ĽϣߵЦݽӲһ˲
ʦ˵⻰ʱĪط䣬Ǹ뻮ת˲ʧӰ١
ֻǴԭ
ġĽϣ
ЦЦظĽϣķҹ͵İʦ񣬱Ҳϲ
ĽϣŮ˸ṵ̊ͷ
ЩҩˮȻͻȥϢձ½̵λƸߵȼ󷨡ջ֣ů
áĽϣ
ĿͷںĽϣϵСӣʼڵҩݷֲܿĸһ
ˮߵСϪߣˮصϡ
׼ҩݽˮʱĽϣĿ佱͵͵Ƴ۱պϵľ¿ˮָϻһ˿ڡ
޵Ѫָ۳һѪ飬ޱȡ
ĽϣöѪ룬ת󣬽ѪҺˮУһֻּѹǸֵָ˼βͣ¡
ֻ㣬ԼӰ졣Ľϣĵ
ȾԼѪҺĽˮӵһҩʼࡣ
űֲЩĽϣطˮصԼӵƫ
ڣȶϸָǸˮԪصķκַϣ
Խڵҹǰģҹɫ£ӽŲҴҵĸ
ƻͨĴڣʱüŵ²ʱĵӣעԱߵϡ
ʱ͵͵
֪ŷ֣ʱǰ֮أȡһЩʱ䡣
ʱ̾˿ƣĶǣôǵƲ⣬ڣ֮زᱻȫƣһ¶ûУô󡣡
ϣǲ鿴ϵ֮δкƲ⣬ʮڣ޷Ͻ硣һŮӵ
ţʱĿת˵Ůӣʾ˵ȥ
ʱĹ۲죬֮ͨؽϽʱϲǿԸЩֹ֮˽롣ŮӼһԿͨе࣬赲
ȷʱָû֣һнĳ
ǰ֮أٶȡ𣬡ǼԭǴ
ǡӦˡ
͹һ¼ᣬʱȥ󷭿ʣµһһĿʮе֡
塭ʱૣ֮ء
ϼ¼᣺ֻĴ㣬ʮ꣬ޡ
ʲô뷨ʱѯʷĿ
׼ʱ䣬ǰ


17 
һ£Ľϣϰ·Ļƣԭȶ˵Ѷ弶ʱѧϰУԽӦ֡
Ѿܹȫ̻·ľֻ̻
һ弶󷨿̻Ľϣˢˢ΢΢۵ͷŶĻŤͷͤڹۿˡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣָָǰ󷨣̷ɻʲôĵط
ֱָڲ豭ıԵǳɫͫУɢɫâĸ֯㼯Ϊһת˵󷨡
ָڣմȾϼֲգصһ£Ľϣͷձ㵽ɡ
˵գ䣬ɫġ˲佫ĽϣƵ󷨴ɢڿС
ʱɿ죬Ϣѧϰ󷨵Ļơųˣ˱ˮƵһ档
õġĽϣȻ£˫Ų豭һСڣ̧ʦҰæƵǼȼģ
ŵȡָδɵĲյʯϣ²ĺۼ
ŵȡĽϣظ
š϶
ĽϣͷˮӿģߣĿĵص±ǵƺͷ˵ѡ
ݹżϵļأŵҪ̻ҪһԿ̻ɣ;ܳκβͬʱҪԴԴϵֱȫ̻ɡ
Ѷڰ˼󷨣ѶȲֹһء
ҪĺͶ󷨵򣬻Ҫ
һοдżţҲ
Ľϣ£һĨȣЦŵһ
Ѿ弶ˣڵĽٶȣò˶þͿԻ߼󷨣˼󷨣ֱľż󷨡
ԡ
ĽϣԼģԷĽ̵ġ
ֻǡ
ת䵽Ů¶Сֱϣ׵ļϣһɫ˰Ѷ¶ڿС
߹ȣڷ׾ٵ׽
ʦ𡣡Ľϣסֱֻ΢֣ƹʯǰ
ֱָϵ䣬ȥ
ע
ѪҪϣͽ°ɫĺۼĽϣ۵ظС۵˿ڣʦô£
СĻġƽ³һ仰üң۵׺ǳЦ⣬õġ
𣿡ĽϣüĽֱض۵Сۣ˰̵ĳΪŮ˼֮
죬Ѫɫ
ĽϣĵٴѯʣʲôԻʦ𣿡
УʦܵģΪĪ⡣
ˡĬ
Ľϣ´̧ɨޱݣ̧Լһֻ֣
Ѫָ۳飬СͿĨڷ˿ϡ
˿ϵĽϣͿĨ̼䴫ݶƫͷӣž޲ݳֶ֮ɫ
ѪҺס˰̣ĽϣĴָָ䣬˿ϣŷСۣȻӦþͺˡ
õˣô˺ۣƻСĽϣ仰˵
Ķ֮ãǺݺһ£ϵ¶ӣӶ˵ûӰ⡣
ûôáͬظ
ֻϧĽϣôü
ʦԺҪע㡣Ľϣֱ´ٳ˿ڣһҪͽ˵ͽѪ԰ʦϡ
˵ţƤգۣһºۼŶ
á
ߴУƳԶϵҩݣ֮ǰĽϣѪҺģǰ챻ո
ĽϣŷĿ⿴ȥ
Щݹ¾ͻ졣˼
ѪҺȻ졣
ûӦ
ʦںΪʲôһҩ֮𣿡ĽϣЦʡ
ҡͷ档
֪ô£ô档
Щ²˶áĿǰ
Ľϣ¼磬ص˷Ʒ衣
󣬷³ȥˣĽϣȻʧͬʱе£ڵҩˮ
ȻˮлѪҺ
ȥ鷿˻ֺĽϣ뿪ǰȥˡ
ڵԽڹ㳡һƼλڹ㳡ԵŮˡ
Ծ»Ԫһξ룬ʦ㡣
Ľϣù㳡ϵ˷׷ײĿȥ
֮أڴ󲿷ֵӶʶλµΨһĵӡ
Ľʦãô⣬ôֻкʦ㰡Ƕǲ𣿡һλʦȤ
ɲǣһڸóԵģһʦк𣿡һλʦȤ
Ľϣ֮ʦʦǹϵͨȻ˼ࡣ
ʦ㣬ʦáĽϣԹԽһȦʦʦֺ˸顣
ΧʦѵóһΣǻ۸˼ҡ
˵ţƵĽ󣺡ġ
֪ˡʦЦʦæԼˡ
Ľϣʱ˵ʦʦǻô顣
ЦĽϣһȥţЦĮȻúܡ
ĽϣЦˣⲻǺܺãаŷΧϲ
Цŵͷ⵹ǡ
ԽڼûгֹŵӲݺ֮£ìܣҲкƽĽʽ
ˣ⼸ôһֱûĿռȡһöƻ˹ȥϸ㿪ʲôСأ
ҲڣʱһڻϡĽϣӹϴҧһڡ
źѾԻ弶ˡ
ò
Ľϣ¹⣬ظ˵ѾԻ弶ˡ
ļ򣬵ȴԷĿ佱
ȻŮ仰˼룬üȾһĦıƤһ˲˲ǰˡ
ôô졭૵
ʦָȻ٣ٶȣʮڣӦþܻƳŵ󷨡Ľϣٺ١һЦһ뵽ϾͿʦУˡ
ڿȻûзⷢ׵ɫ
󷨲ιһȼѧϰζ
šĽϣҲ֪û
״Ҳö˵Ľϣǰ֮صġ䡱
ʱѧϰ󷨣ڽδг
ĽϣٻԪ˫ֻסбվһ߹ۿʦʦǡ
һѣʲôأȥ̡
ĽϣŤͷ󲢲ڵĻҳ˸ⷴӦŽյ˸һ׵ǰ
ʦ㡣Ľϣػ
ףСʦˡĨ˰Ѷͷĺ
Ľϣ̧»Ԫ
ҲáԵԼҿû˲
áĽϣγԪߵһ鳡ص룬һ֮ǰʽ
ʱɫע뽣ὣ衣
ü
ѾԻ弶ˡûɵ˵˾䡣
ɢ̬˲ת䣬͵۾⣬漴ʶԼķӦʿˮȷż£ôô졣
ʱ侭ǰ֮أϴȥʱϾѾЩϡ˶٣ҵ˼𣿡
µֻϣһ㵽


18 
磬һԻԪŷͷųա
Ľϣ˽ⱳ΢΢Ⱦǳ糺죬߳ĺҺؿ첽ȥ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ҸղŵĽΣĽϣĵӣѯʶˡ
пɡ̬࣬ûֵĻã˿̵һλʦ
ὣʱܸһĸоüؿĽϣָָԷеĳӦ˸ɾ֮вŶԡ
Ľϣ͵͵ͷƳվߵ⣬æ˵仰
˵ͦԵġûƼֻۣ󷨵ĻƣҲҪʱպš
ͣ룬ȻϣպûԱ
˵ĽϣȰֻǣʦҽ˼󷨻Ƶϰϣպѧ
޷ΥԸһֻۣõݽϡ
ĽϣЦЦջػԪɢɢؿڡ䡱ǽϣ̧Ժ󣺡֪ˣڵ裬Աеġ
ѧϰô󷨣вйġ
ʦ˵ֻҪһ£
Ҳǡ͵͵
Խ̵ĽϣһʱĽ˳֮أ·ܵԽڵС
ʦã͵͵㣬ڽµƬʮ档գ۾ϴµش֡
ƣĽϣԽô꣬ǵһ£ķûһͷ
εؿˣߵһߣһô׳ϣָˡ
λôˣһ㡣ĿռȡһöԶλķֽڵϣݷָֽʾָھľλá
ԽżŽµʡ
һ㡣⿴˿ֽԣ
ȷһ̳λúĽϣԶ£Сھǰѡ
ʦ㣬ô֪ƵģĿ𣿡ĽϣУЩŵԴðȻãܻᱻųͷ
ֵ鲻ԽҪھ
ǣھ򣬱߻㷲ѯʡ
ûشţһɸ֣ߣʲô㲻ڣҲ涥š
Ľϣ
ģЩƶԼȥġ±ӣ־Щ˼󣬲ǵʦģ͵͵һ޳ᱻֵġ
ĽϣھĶһ٣һ˲˲̧ͷ⣬еĲӦأ
Ƽվôˡ
ʦ֪˵ҡĽϣ
ʦƢºͣ˵ϸģ崺֮УƽİþǺȾơ
䳣һֻƺʱͻڡ
ûʦģϲ֮Ϊ֪ˣҪһ
ԡ϶ϣû£ʦ㲻˵ǵġ
šҵĶǲǲãԻأһ
ŮһϮɫ˫ֺ£ӯӯ߳µ۽ɨԭأϻŲӣƾʶڶԣüҡ
ʦ㡣ĽϣӦѸ٣ָ⹴ԼɵĲתۼʧڿС
ĽʦáʦӦ
ǳ˳飬ƳĽϣѾߵʦߣֽޡ
ҵô𣿡ʦ㻺ߵߣֽ̧ӹŵСӣֱָϣЩ
СӵʱΪ۳
ȿȡԸɿЦʦùҲû˵Ҫڡ
ǵİʦ㡣ǾǴĽʦùʶʶѧϰ󷨣˶ɵˡæӻ
Ľϣ
ԣʦ㵱û˵ʲôɨǰˣ˴Ƹ²һ꣬ȥġ
˵գ˦䣬һδƴɳʦ㵥ֽסоž̳ĵײ£Ӹˡ
лʦ㡣Աž̳ϲ̵ġ
ʦõģɱˡʦĿתĽϣ䴽۵ϸܵЦ⣬ϲ⣬ɳ˵ء
лʦ㡣Ľϣæл
ʦ㣬иˡԵ
ʦ˵ͷ
˱ž̳߳ԱżҪסľ̳ϲʤգٺ٣׬ˣڵ˰ꡣ
üɱ̡
ˣԲ
ǡ϶
Ľϣм䣬˸磬ߵĻȾûôȥ
ʦòȾưɡͻȻʡ
Ľϣҡҡͷȡ
ǿԴȥϳ
ҲԡĽϣɣδʦơ
ԣ˸տĵؽ磬̳£𽥰ʣһγ䣬Ŀռȡһƺ
ְɡרĵװžˮ
֮ƱпռľƺڣԿ˿̳ʣĲ֣óһֻƺװЩ⡣
һǱԼľƺУ׼ȥһͬʦãʦֵǺȡ
Ľϣ˵Ҫôֹ࣬ˡ
̫಻ãӰϰǹá
ΣĽϣֻý˻ȥ
ӹԵݹľƺл
ɫˣҲûȥˡԵ
ĽϣͷƺռڣֺλʦȻٻԪȥ
վŵ˶һۣȻȻؽתʱϡ
ĽϣʱվߣɫˮעЩҩ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣӻԪһԾ£ܵߣˮٵֶԷӰ
ȥתǺŵЦ⡣
ȥʦʦˣʦŪ˺ơĽϣ˵ŽƺӿռȡױƵ˫˹ȥ
߻ζ䣬ƳŮӷƷͫײȷֱӹȥ
֧ˮԪصķزڷУͷ˿
͸İʦڣʦͷϡ
ݵľ޴ϲĵţĽϣŶ֣ȴӹƺ
ƣȥ޳ָںϣЦЦ𲻼ǵȹơ
ĽϣЦˣûȹʦ𳢳
ͷǳɫڶԭڶķ˿ϣָסƵ
㱾ȵ㣿ģƺ޷ܾĹƻ
ĽϣʶʱѾͷӦͷͤˡ
ȡ֧ƱʯϵƣϡٵǱƵĽϣǰ
һκȣٺȵ㡣Ц⡣
Ľϣ㶵ؽӹĿУ̧Ʊ𣬶һ
ѧŶԷģٱһ
ˮǣ޴ѣθϮĽϣƤóأ˦˦ûܰѣδü˶뵽޾ĻС


19 
ԺУһſסˮӯůƤϣ˶ůġ
ûд޵ʹ͸ˡ
ĽϣۣãĻһȦΧľ
ǰĿյϣһſĵϣ࣬ɫԴԴϵעڡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣʶ˻ƵԼ£æס
ǻлƵ㴼
ɫƽջ£ס䣬µü۸ֳ⣺˺Ͱͻƫռ㻹δѣ㽫ǰΪڲдľˮ
ĽϣôѣʱհȵǱƣ˼ͷʵʵ˵ǰδմЩ
ЦЦͣľƣ͡
Ľϣ˵ͷҪ˵ͻȻһҵʹͬ㣬ǿ鼡
ĽϣŤһִ̧ȻָմƬΪҵʹдݳ
ϵѪɫ̼ɢ԰׵ˡ
ôˣͫвκθ飬йµѯʶԷʲô
еָϣ͸˿˿һߣĽϣĺ󾱡
һ˿ߡ
˻ĽϣһȫĨȥϥ֧Ųס壬ڵء
ѵ̧ͷҪȥǰˡ
ӣ۵һĨۡ
ָϵ˿ѣס亹ֹŮôˣ
ʦҸոպۡĽϣ飬Ұ׵ĴʼָѪɫ
գǧӿʳĽϣϢȣ˵һ仰ҪϢܾá
Ĭϵˣ޳ָڶԷĶǣԷϵĺպһȥ
ȻĽϣָȥ
Σ㲻ᷢ
Ľϣµصͷʦڡ
ƽȵ˰ģתɿĽϣɤʣϢᡣ
ǱǾ仰飬ͷ䣺㡣
áĽϣ
۵ҲʣĽϣûεȥ
һĶżҳʱ
Ľϣ͡
Ů˲һ㵭ĽΣ֬ʥãںڵ㷢÷𡣴˿ں󱳡
ƽ˼¾á
ĽϣתƵϵӣ߲ԾسһĨȡ
ʦĺϲ͵ȻҲʱʱš
ŵ𣬴յߡ
˱ǣĽϣ£ͷӸµؿŵķ
Ů˵ͷҫط𵭵Ľâ´߼ƣŮҳϡ
ʹ׼ʱʹУֿһ̶Ͽ׼ĳɹʡһ۹ȥĽϣƼϵݡ
Ҫ¿ǰŮ˷Ӧ鱾
ʦ׼ʲôĽϣضڷϡ
һֹϵʽ鼮棬Ŀռڣ̧ۿĽϣųЦݣ廹𣿡
ˡĽϣŮ˵Цۡ
šϢתƻ⣺ձΪһΡ
áĽϣ
ʱ䲻ˣЩҪ㡣ɫվ΢Ľϣϣڵҩݽˮ
áĽϣ
ʱʦǺæһȥǺü죬Ľϣϰ
ڵʱԼ󷨣ë֣߸ڵҩݽˮ
ԴڵĻݳԽԽãڴ̡
ʣֻÿβժʱ򣬿Ľϣչ˵ĺܺá
еޣȴĽϣĸԸģÿոԼļûѪҺϪˮࡣ
֮˵ÿյļѪҺʲôĽϣǺ⣬ֻлԼѪҺӵ˹ЧΪʦǡ
һҩݣĽϣ۵߲ɨϵ֧ο·̧¡
͹ƽ
ֻǻûϢãĽϣصƫ㲹
ů¯ڵվˣĽϣߵǰСӱϣеļв㣬ȡۣϡ
ȥڴϣһ㱡˯ߡ
һգû˷ԣĽϣϰֻȤÿǰȥѰ⣬ˡ
ͬʱԽһ谵׵Ķڣְѹһֳֻǽϣڼʲô
Ůֱ͹ǳɫȾ졣һǽϣתݵؿס˿ڡ
ۣԼʹ˸ûôǱ
æʱƼŮģλζߣסҡҡ׹ˡ
Ѿסʱڲ󡣡߳һ˿
ƿʱ֡
ˡʱü価ǹС
Ӧġͷۣǽڵָ΢΢Ȼ
˵գһ³Χ䣬Ů˵Ӱʧԭء
ɢȥһƼڸݽˮĽϣǳɫӶ˶ֱȥ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣƳһĨϤӰ̧ͷȷ˺ϲط½ˮСܵŮߡ
ʦ𡣡ֻ
Ų΢٣¡
ĽϣҡҡͷŴ⧵׽Ů˾һϸСĿӡ
˿˿ѪҺ
ʦˣĽϣ̧ȥŮ˵ļȴ˶㿪
СˡŮָᴥһ˿帲ǣɫָȴ룬һЩ¶һǳһе˿ڡ
Ľϣһϣʶǰ벽ҿ
ֻǿǳɫͫӳĳŮеݣڵ˲ٴӡ
ްŮ䵭ĽϣУסйػĻ
չһʱգȥݲժˣڱڡǰ仰
Ľϣֱ㶵ؿŮ˽ڣҵ˼һ㱻ء
ʦôˡĽϣ͸ǽڿĳ
ʲôҲ
ҧ⣬ʦָ˵ҩݲժͬʱʮѪҺУȻõݺĵš
ʱ洫˵Ŵ򿪵Ľϣ۰Ͱ͵Ҫ֪״
鷳ˡſӹҩݡ
Ůͫڱһˮǣֱֱŷ۾ʦ𣬷ʲô£
Ľϣܵͣһʧ˿С
ʱС
͵ϮԭΪ𰸣ʧ˵뷨ʱŮ˵ȻĻ
ϮĽϣ˫Ŀ
չˣű𡣡
Ȼᣬʦ𡣡ҪϣĽϣæóʢѪҺʦͿ˿ϣܿϡ
ʦԺȥҪעⰲȫϣʦƽ¡Ľϣ֣ص
Ůе񲻾۽ֽճȭ
棬ڱĻšôʱǷ񻹻ôƭ


20 
һתȥ£ǰǿôĴҶϪˮɲϵǰʣ֪ȥδ
ϴαպϱûĽϣʱͤϷңңŵš
йƣȴμǶԷǾ䡰Ҫš̤벽
걭вˮĽϣָԪǵ۳˽ͽ
Ľϣ̧һգɢΪεĹ
ߵǰĿյأ轣һһʽϰ
ԴӳΪ弶ʦĽϣŷÿһ׶βô򵥣һָԾ
ҹ⣬ǸߵȼʦָѾʵԽ顣
ϵ򲢲ͬ
Ľϣֻܵȷչس
һսϣĽϣ֧ŽϢ˻̧ȥ
⼸£ڵҩչֳɳһժ˷Ŀռڡ
ˮĽϣת׼ȥ鷿
ȻδȻͣԭأ˼ؿ֪ʱ򿪵š
Ŵ󿪣Ԥʾ˱չؽ
һεϲĵԴԣٿﱬҵ˷ܡ
Ľϣ´һ˲˲ضŵţϣܿλ
κ󣬱ӰڵġֳһĨɫӰͶȥŮЬӣ°Ʈ䣬Ľϣࡰ顱
ʦ𡣡૳
̤ţµüԭƼĽϣ˲䣬ѩڡ
˳ǣεػﴫʳˣδܼʱΪ
ڱչǰ죬ȥƫѰĽϣΪصֱӽȥ˱չ״̬δʵֵĻ
ЦЦĽϣȫ̧Էͷ
Ϊˡ֪Է޼Ƶ
չǰࡣ
Ľϣ̰Ů˸һУʹͷ̵Ľë΢΢κ󣬲ŵ͵ͻӦʦڵʱգ
ԣ۵׵Цǳɫתɫ
á
˳ƣĽϣͷע룬ɫڽߣƤȾɵɫ
Ľϣֻ麣ůӯ֪Ϊ塣
ʦ⼸ҵ岻ôˣǲ˵ҪˣĽϣһ߸ŷһѯʶԷ
ֻš˶٣Ӵע룬Ľϣů¯ڵǷУ
ʣһ㣬ӦùµġĽϣš
󣬱ٸһЩа
õģʦ𡣡ĽϣȻԸ⡣
ƿֱۣķתĿռȡһ֧װξĽе˹ȥ
Ľϣ˫ֽӹ
ڵ۹ʹãвɶˡ
ǡĽϣصطԼĿռڡ
ƺĹ۲ǰˡ⼸µı仯
ʦ𣿡Ľϣò˼ɬػˡ
źۼƿĿ⣬˲ԶڣһֵҩѾˡ
ˣʦ𡣡Ľϣ뵽ʲôæó֮ǰժҩݣصݵǰ֮ǰҩݣӲժܺãڽʦ𡣡
ˡŻΪ㣬ڰУڷǰҩݣָ㣬ռڡ
󷨿гʡ
ϰԾ޷ͻơĽϣһʱЩݡ
ȻȴȻص˵ͷ򵥣
˵꣬ü΢΢ӲղŵĻˣճΪżʦ
ӶʦĽϣ
ԣ䣬Ľϣտר󷨣󷨳ʱ䲻ϵĻƣÿճ˹̶Ϣʱ⣬㶼Ϧദ
ʱĽϣϢգ⼸գĽϣǻȥѰҸʦ㣬ʦַ飬ٴͶ뵽󷨵
ȥʱȻȥ
ĽϣɹΪ߼ʦżʦһ
ǰɹƳ߼󷨣ĽϣӸֵЦ⣬ǰĺˮ˳ʣ򦴦ɺ飬ڵϡ
žžİҪͷϲʶ˹ȥ
Ľϣæһ
ʱ಻ذڰ̧֣ͷƮڰУת󷨣ǰĵӣߣ̶꣬Ѿ߼ʦˡ
Ľϣǫ飺ʦ̵ĺá
ڿɴδ̵㣬ʦ̵úáʱ࿴鲻ӡ
ĵ⣬ֻǶת󷨣Ĭһԡ
̬Ľϣľʦ𣬿в֮
󷨵Ŀⲻܺá
ΪϵʱȻʲôĽϣȥݺ衣
Ե֧
Ľϣ˵ͷ˵Ӹˡȥݲˡ
ɿ󷨣
ʱĶԷļ
ƫͷż󷨲Զˡ
ʱȰοĻɤӣĵ̾һֳˡ
Ϊһλʦ˾䡣
ǳɫǰƵ߼һĨȥĹһ伣Ҳڵĺۼ
Ľϣӳʱ䣬ݺõĲʱǰֻʣ·һˡ
ʦĽϣ̽Ե˾䡣
ҪƤĽϣŵƣԼ˱Ȳ衣
ڶ˹̵ȶȣֱֱָذס
ȶȶ˺ȴĽϣ֪ʶʦ˲һ
ϣĿ⡣
̧ȥֻŮޱ飬ƺ޷ڵıѩ


21 
һڰУϱתʱ΢֮һɾ޴
ĽϣƮûо۽㣬ͫĹâǷǰ仯
գѹűֻǻ֣ȴʲôû˵
ʦãô£һ춼Ĳɵġļ򣬺̽ȥӣĽϣǰ˼ء
ûʲôĽϣͷһĨЦݣָ̧ʮһճ͵󷨣ʦ㣬Ǹ󷨵̲ȣЩò˶ãͻ
Ǽ֤㣬仰˵ָ꣬󷨿ʼҶƬ̵Ĺ򣬺Ȼ
״Ľϣƫͷε¼磬޹գ۾ɣ˵û
üңЩЦЩ̾Խڶ̶꣬Ѿ߼ʦˣϵĴٿʺѧϰ󷨵ĺӡ
ԣĽϣЦЦӵվ󲢲ڵĻҳûڡ󷨼䡱ۿʡ
ʦһοһ󷨣ӦøΰɡĽϣ뵽úЦ
ʦʱ»ͷ۰ɡ
ʦ𡭡
ĽϣߵЦ⽵⼸գʦֲ֪ȥ
ôˣز׽Ľϣת䣬˳ŶԷ߿ȥﲢʲôرĵط
Ľϣǰ˶ԽĲˡ
ĽϣЦƿǰ֣ûУֻ顣
⡰šĽϣ߳
ʦ䣬ڣ֪ȥ𣿡Ľϣɫ⣬ϣ֪Щʲô
ϾԽڵ˽Զ
ܶʱĽϣڷߣʦ´ָǳǰء
ÿҪʱ򣬶ᱻһ仰»ȥֻúϰ󷨡
ֻܴ˳ڵͷ
շı֣еĺƺܹûΥزֿ־塣
ʱʱе˺ۣ۲ѡ
˵Ľϣ־֪ܲҪҲ֮ʣ麣ʱǰؾȵõġ
ؾĽϣ΢΢£ֵطڹżϿһ
ݹżأÿһؾ̺ž޴ĻȻҲ̺ž޴ա
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ֱӺ˵ֻͷԭˡ
ʱɻĽϣתһȦ麣ͻȻ˷Ĵ
򵥵ĽϣʱŤͷ˵ٻԪȥ
һĽϣǰĿյشһԾ£񣺡ʦ𡣡
š££䣬ĿתĽϣϣǳɫͫ׵ӳŮò
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⼸ϰˣĽϣӦʱ䣬̽һ䡣
ʦĻ⼸յӲδôϰĽϣǰǾ䡰롱ײš
ŵǰ˼֮ľ˲䱻
źȻˣɫعָ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣֱֱ̧ؿ۾Ⱦһ㵭糺죬ȴ˼ᶨ
·رƵģֱסŮ˵
еĹżӦ䡣
ۣδ˵
뿴ûˡĽϣҧ⣬Խֱ˵
ǰ㿴ϲ
ĽϣŷֲţСƿŮ˿䣬¶аϸ۵ļ
沢κ˺ۡ
Ľϣ´ָĦŮϵļ
𣿡Ļκ
ûĽϣЦЦˣӱˡ
áͷ
ĽϣѭſȥԼڷϣûаɶĺۼ
ɿ𣿡ͻȻЦͬ䣬ƽ˸ڿ׺͡
׺ֻͣǾ䡰롱Ľϣͣò׳ŵٴ̲ס˵ĵףݿ̽յܣʦϲ㡣


22 
ƲƮڵ̫̼ð
ţĽϣ۵׵Ĺʳȥļ߬ŷһʱ俪ʼԷĻش
ֲ˼˵ڣ˼Ļ֪زη塣
˵ȥĻע޷ջأҧŴֱӷ
ڳõĳУؿԾһδεĺĤݵʧȥ˼
ϣһɨĽϣüиֳжϡ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣסֲԸɿ
ϲأʡ
Ľϣʵһ㶣̧ͷԭȵԤУ˼ĸֻشΨûϵ
͡Ľϣ´סΪѾڸոԷ˵ϲˡ
ٶظһߵûˣô˵óϲ
ָѹŷ󣬲ԾĴЩ
ŪˡЦ
ĽϣĽŪˣæɿһ룬ȥ
ʦҡĽϣҧ
šӦֱ̧ۣڰС㣬Ľϣͷ
ʱȲ˵𣿡
վ̨ϵĽϣҪһͷӣƽǰպˣΪżʦˣٿ£𣿡
ŮѵᣬڱɢѹסͽƣĽϣĲ
ʦ𡭡ĽϣؿŮˡ
𣿡ʡ
ɡԡĽϣָӷϻ䡣
ʵһƬƲƮԭȱڵ̫¶ݣɢ谵
Ľϣعʱǰ˲֪ںʱ뿪ˡ
տǰֻʣһˡ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣָָƺŮ˵һ˿Ϣ
żʦ
Ľϣͷƽ󷨵ָ
ʦ˼ǲǳΪżʦͿˡ
ѪҺƺעһ˵ĽϣֻճΪżʦ
תص󷨵Ƭյأֱ̧ۣɫз
ʼϰ󷨡
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ɨĽϣһֱŵ󣬶˶٣ֲ̧ȥԷµϢ
ˣֵϲ𣿡Ů˵ૡ
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һȥԴӱ¶ļĽϣԷʱò˼Ŵַ࣬δ¶κα
ڣӵᡣ
ǽ졣
ոջƶİ˼ջص˲ͷųֱֱؽһô׳ĴնأƬﶼδ⣬ҩݱٻһա
Ľϣ˳ǣͷñʦ׼Ԥе鲢ûз
ֻƳشң̶ĵѯʣûˣڼĽϣûºůοսӴ˼û꣬˽ʵѵãøԼ̫ѹ
ĽϣƲƲ죬ŷڵ̬ȣмĿǣΪżʦ
Ļ÷ϵЦԽŨֻҪ濴ȥͻ֣ᷢŮ˵۵ŵĿ¡
յϰ͵ɡ˰벽䷭ɼ䣬صĻұʰɾ
µһŵϣʣԣ˵ŴĿռȡһ֧С
Ľϣ潫д򿪣¶һСкɫۡ
ĽϣشչȥδŵһƢǡôĺš
ů¯ڵ꣬ҲˣȨǻ顣˹ȥ
Ľϣ˫ֽӹϲ۷ڱǼᡣ
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ϲͺá߹һĨȣָǰ˶Ǵµһ㷢أòˣҪ뱾ȥ
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ţ˶Էݵԥôˣ
ڻ󷨵ĺãڳڡĽϣʱ࣬͵͵ŮˣָԺкܶġ
ǣһôأĽϣ̼䣬˾䡣
ĽϣԷе˼ʼ磬϶еġ
˵գ󾱣ϵĻϣʱ仹磬ʦٶᡣ
Ǽѹʱ䣬ʱ޿̲Լϵ衣
˼ᶨĿеĿ۶ݵԺ
ɽľĽϣϵΪӡ
˰˼ʦıߣŬ
м䲿ֵ̻ϣĽϣǼϵĺҺڹ£صڵϣӡĽĺۼ
ײʣûп̻ɣĽϣģСؿƶһɫ
һѻһ󷨵ĵײ
ǰڰеˣޱؿһС
УʹСתֻײǲɣĽϣǿ̤㵽˼ʦС
Ͻ磬еĴڡ
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ĽϣȫǺˮԲģ˼󷨱һȫľǰϡ
ҪƵһ٣ѹĽϣĿڵĸȴԽԽء
ԽԽҪСĽַֺܳʧ
ʱ󣬻ʣ°Ҫơ
Ľϣʶͷվڵǰ̨ϵŮˣǼѵسһĨȣذ׵ָӦóֵλûơ
סһ㣬ٶȼΪ
ڵڷģȫƾܱǡ
ۿ߻ױҪһߣĽϣҧأեһ˿ֱۺȣֱֱعס

֯һɲǣγɵڣ˼תٶȲϼӿ죬Χ
գۼĹڳһա
Ľϣǿɳȥ
û˰ֻߡ
ȻҪ׹֮ʣһֱδŮӰƮĽϣεؽڻС
ʦ𡣡Ľϣɫ԰ףһ˿Ѫɫǿǵ·Ĳǰ˼ʦˡ
š˻ڻУغ󣬿޵
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˯ɣƫ
ҪʦҡĽϣ߬ŷ·󣬡͵ҳΪ˼ʦĽ
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˷ڴϣϱӺŤͷů¯δϹ뿪ƫ
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ʱںԣ죬̸ʱڷĸˡ
˵ʦ㿪̳ĺþƣеȥԡ򦣬ϴβʦһ̳Ҫȥ᲻ᱻϳ
˸ۣûأ㻹᲻˼
Ǵ򲻹ʦ㣬Ȼӣ˵һ̾ȥʦҪˡز𴩺Сžš
Ҳգֻ޿κε¶ͷû취ʦ̫ǿˡ˵ؿھ󱳣˫ֱ˵óʱûĽʦˣҲ֪æʲô
;һۡ
´ӵϼһϸСľ֦ڵϻһ
Ҫɵʱɨ£·ľ֦Ӧڻ󷨰ɡ
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˼󷨵Ϣ϶˼˵Ĳ²⣬ķģĽʦáͻƵ˼ʦˡ
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ڡ
Ľϣ˸ܳΣ龰ʵ
Լ˺ۣ˳գŻѪҺǱռһɶõرԽһתС
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ĽϣҶ£ʶա
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ϣüڴϵˣԴԴϵעĽϣС
ج𣿷Ӧǿҡ
ȥ飬Ӵע룬ͬʱ̽ԷǷ쳣
ʦ𡣡͵شξĽϣǴ죬۾ŵϿգͣͺ󣬿תķ
ʦ𡭡ͷϵĺˮӴϷ˫ֽסע֣˵ŸղŷһС
ʦҺ¡ĽϣͫױһǳҺ帲ǡ
˵Щ͸һеزǰϺͲĺˮһζѣص档
ǣЩ꣬Ѿ˺öͬΡĽϣ¿ˮɪż򣬡¡
õĶһ٣΢΢һЦָĽϣĶͷϣ˳ŸͦıߣֻΣġ
ʦڣġĽϣ
źۼջ֣ž޲ͫӳĽϣҰ׵ݡ
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ʦ⻹СĽϣƾҪĿռȡۡ
ްΪҩһˡ
ƫڶȥ̧ۿת󷨣۵
ʥ壬Ԥ֪δ


23 
ȵҩɢŨصĿζɵڽˮ
Ľϣʹסĸ֪ҩĿɬ
ǻзڳҺǲԾس鶯£ļһͬ
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ȡ
ʹüۣеĵӰϣҩףƽ档
ĹҩԻʧɵĲӦͣҨһҩݵ˵Ĵߣ죬ȵ㡣
ĽϣܵرŴ
ҩĿԽŨƫů¯ɢڵ
ι㣬Ӧʦ𼸷ֱ𣿡ǳ͸ĤֱֱؽĽϣС
¿Уɨϳݣƺ͸ˮ
һĽϣǰеҩ¡
̼䣬ͬԣĽϣͷǰſھҪոպȽȥҩ³
ȻŮ˵ٶȱ죬ϸָסĽϣ΢΢ſĴָסЦˣҩͰ׺ˡ
ĽϣֻӲͷƤ£֪볦θࡣ
еҩҪȫꡣĽϣ͵ĻᣬƮƮҨһ׵ݵĽϣߡ
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Ľϣʱû˷ؿжŵ룬ֽӹ
ͼȻȻĽӷС
װҩ룬Ľϣһһֻסӣ𣬴׼أֱֱģһȾ
жŨصҩζĽϣַڴߣסǿҪ³ĳ嶯
ָǰ˵ĺ󱳣滺һֻùҩ룬ȷûҩ󣬷˲Զϡ
Կ۽֪ıһԲεǹĽϣС
ȥЩĽϣһ˫ˮĴ۾ںŵҺǿĲۿڣԵķθһСٶʱ޿̲ٲ
ѹס˵ͷֻ˫С¹۾ȴһ˲˲ŷȴԷĿ佱
ǳĽϣļ޳ָǰ˵ļع⣬ѾɹƳ˰˼󷨣ʱٶϰϰ
Ľϣͷ
߳һĨǳĻȣϰͻȻǰ㵹Щ޵ĲĽϣ°ͣѹ͵˵ջ󣺡ڴΪżʦյĵ
ƢڱǼ⣬Ľϣ©˰ģ漴յʲôָ
һġ
ΪżʦԽŨңĽϣָú̿ʼһֵĻơ
ǵ÷Ļظϰ˻˼󷨵Ļƣһ£ڽ˼ȫ͸
۵ĺ󾱣ʼ֮ǰ
ÿմ󲿷ʱ󷨣ϢʱǸڵҩݽˮ
ѪҺ룬ҩݵĳֺֿá
ˮȥ鷿ϵʱ֣䣬Ҳдóһֺ֡
ĽϣվǰĿյشϰʱĽͻԪĹͨ
ʱŷڵʱȥѰй䣬㵱һʱķʱ̡
һĹȥǿôϵҶӣֻƣ̡
תۼ䣬Ĺ
Ľϣչ
ʱţ󷨵ĻҲӵӦ֣˼ּ̧ܻƶٲһʱҪȫС
ֻǾż̫ѻƣôȥĽϣҲֻż󷨵һż
ĽѾܿˡͤڣңŵǰһλƾżʧܵˣ
Ľϣ˫֣۸̸ղŻֵʧ󣬶ĲãЩͷԡ
żҪ̫ˣʱԲľͻںһ𣬴󷨱ʹ󷨱ô޷̲󷨵ݡ
˴ĽϣۣĿɨͤڣֶŲ豭ϾɫŮˣ´ȭ˸ʹĶ
ƼҲһ
Ľϣ̲סЦ󷨵Ļơ
Ȼ֪еĲִΪʲôԭɵģҪҲô׵ġ
߽֯ĹܼѷֱеľλãĽϣֻܸݹľ飬ССĵؿ̻
Ȼһʧܡ
Ľϣ̾˿תͷ׼ҪѰҷӰȴͤڣѾһˡ
ʦ֪ʱ뿪ˡ
Ľϣͤӣû£һɤӣǲ˵𣿡
Ľϣعͷһֻƿ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣЦЦʯϵĲˮһƵ֮ǰĵط
ϣ˻οյƿӣԸһЩѪҺ𣿡
ţĽϣԡ
Ľϣ棬ֽ̧ƿʯϣǳɫͫ׻˿˿Ц⣺ҪѪҺ
û˵ʲô¡
ʦҪ٣Ľϣӣ¶ذ۵ֱۣһֻԥظ
ùƿӣѪҺ׼ƿڣѪҺƿڡ
ֻƿ̵Ľë£ָû棺ƿ
ĽϣüŰƿ
ùƿӲСƿ˵塣
Ľϣ΢΢üת뵽ʦҪüıƽ
˵ʱԼöҩʲô¡
ƿеѪҺһĽϣ͸ְɫ
鲻עƿӣûзָĽϣ
ֱѪҺֹͣƿϣ̧ͷǰѪɫˣ¶ֹģ𣿡
ûϵĽϣЦ
ʶĿռ̽Ѫĵҩ
⼸䣬ռıֵҩ
ĽϣóһöŲˮŷע⽫öҩ¡
ȻΪСȴڶԷСֻǶԷˡ
ż󷨵ҩӴһĿռڲҪÿ߶̻סÿ󷨶вֹɵ壬ƾżʱɾڲ֣ݹȫ֡ƿĿռڡ
ĽϣһһٵʹֵںһҲõһʱȥܣ󷨴ɺٲٿ߽ʣµĲȫɡ
䷭ɼ䣬һӰĽϣǰ
ʹһӰͷųۺѾĽϣ֪ӵеľ޴
һż󷨵Ӱת󷨣ɫ䣬ҲΪżʦҪƵ󷨡
Ľϣ۾һգգ󷨡
ƺڱȻۡ
ĽϣֻǾż󷨴˵ѹȸС
Ӱʧ¶ǣһƽˡ
˵ţŮ˳ȥ
ĽϣĿͷ뿪Ǵӿռȡһö̲Ѫĵҩ¡
󴦵˿ۿɼٶϡ
ĽϣƤδˮͷļ¶Խ⼸յجƵҲЩ
űڱɨָűһȦ
ǱĽϣվûкȥ
ڣóװĽϣƷѪҺĲƿߵһûɵʹӣסһָֻǴЩ
ӳǸֲƿװźɫҺ塣
ȫ⼸Ľϣȡõġ
еƿӷУƿӵѪҺĶ١
Ӧ㹻ˡŮɫĮ૵
һǰĽϣ飬ƣؿǿòǰոճҶĴϣɢбš
˫ֻͷסɡ
ûƼƣĽϣ˼йɢǵ㣬ƲƲ죬ɨķ
ʦѾδˡ
Ľϣۣŷһ£ǰȥѰ˽ơ
Ĺһھż󷨵Ļϣ˼Ĵ࣬ڣλʦ㲢ûм֡
ĽϣָʾѰ˶ԷĶС
ӽԾ£˻Ԫ˫ֱҡҡλεؽĶС
ֹضûˡƼӣЦ˵˾䡣
ʦϻҪע𣿡Ľϣ¼磬ڳλʦкʦ㣬ʦ㣬Ҳڡ
˫ֱֱ۷ŵ棬Ľϣô뿴ǣ
ôᡣĽϣ΢ЦѰ˸ط¡
һö˹ȥ
Ľϣֽ̧ӹϴҧһڣ𡣡
ôʱˣˣ̽񼸼ˣ
ǰ˼Ľϣʵʵ˵
΢΢á
쵽żˡĽϣֵ
շµ
ԿʳĶһ٣ż
һɡĽϣƵ
Сûɵ˵˾䡣
Ľϣţ
ûʲôҲ⣬ʦýܿ죬ֻ̫ˣǲӦùһ£üΪ
һʦóΪżʦȴĽʲôһ
ʮ޷Ľϣʲô
ֹˡ
ѾˡĽϣ¿еأֻǾż̫ˣ˲ʱ䡣
˵־ЩԣǵĿǰҲûﵽżԼô˵Եе԰ˣ׼һ£뵽ʦԸ񣬲С֮ˡ
ͷԵ٣ҸղŵĻʦҲûرķӦûϡ
ƽˣʱȴ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ʦãʵ˼ʦѾˣع׷Ѱżʦĸ߶ȡ䡣
Ǵﵽżÿʦ°ĽϣЦЦҲһ
죬֪òüȰ
⣬ϵһֱδдı仯ֱ֧°ͣĿĽϣϣðΣ֣صʦãŹ׼
ɫ䣬ŵ⡣
Ľϣһ˫ˮĴ۾Ҳ⣬ԷĿϡ
Ľϣ˼£ƺ￴׼֡
벻ˡ
׼󷨷Ϊ֣ܶ󲿷׼󷨣ȼֻߵȣв׼󷨣Ǿż󷨡
ţ֪Ľϣ׽
ĺˣû²׼󷨵ġĽϣΪʦǾԼѪ׼󷨣ǳ鷳Ц׼Ҳİ
Ϊ˷ֹʦ׼󷨵·ͼΪ˽ɣˡ
촽Ѿ˵úֱˡ
ĽϣһͳָϲдҺ壬ģܡ
˸Žǹȥ
ĶһʱĽϣܾλʦЩԾƺʲô˵ȴ˵ڡ
ĽϣûϣʦǸص
һʱķĽϣʱŵģҪճΪżʦ΢˼֣ͤϢ˻󣬼صǰĿյϰ󷨡
һδε󷨹һδεıĽϣ𽥿ʼӦĽࡣ
ֻŻƴ࣬ʱԽԽ󷨹ɹĲԽԽࡣ
ʱȥĽϣھż󷨵һµ̨ףŸղųתű󷨣¶ĵ΢Ц
ˣֻҪһغϵ»һߣŲһСλñȫƶ
Ľϣ´Ÿղ򵽵»ơ
ƵһʱгһǳɫӰĽϣͷһǰڻƵ󷨣ҧס´
Ѿ֪һλƣ⣬αܳɹƳһϲ
ǣӲһߵĻ·ߣ޳ָɫŲ˰ס
ûټ㣬̻󷨡
һ󷨻ϡ
֮еģΪߵĴջ˲䣬󷨱
ĽϣӰ£תյСܵǰ´ʦǲһ㡣
ûϵϰԵĽϣķ
ˣʦһƵľż󷨾ʲôӵģҿ󷨵·ͼҺи׼Ľϣ¶ǡ
֮ǰչʾ󷨵Ӱ޷Ʋ·
ԣ˶٣á
˵գΧĿռ䷢΢Ĳȡһʽϵ·ͼ
ɫֽҳļã·ɼ
Ľϣ۾𣬽·ĵס
ֻʽΪżʦ󣬾ͻƳʦһϲ
죬ͿԸʦϲ
죬֪ʮǰҪĴ𰸡
סĵ׵ļĽϣĿ·ͼƶѰӣѣò̫
ΪżʦȻܿе·ˡ·ͼżʱ㡣
֮ػܼʮ꣬Ľϣϵľٶȣܴܿﵽ
ֻǣʱһ¡
ʱ
ĽϣʶعͷӰݼ
ް£ʦڡʱڰ֣ʱ𣿡
ҵ鷿תȥ
ʱ࿴Ľϣˣ
Ľϣ֪ʵʲôĻżʦһ롣
ûûʦͷʱЦŸϷĲӡ
Ľϣס´ǣûʦͷʦһ
Ԥ뵽壬ʦܿż󷨽ϲԽ
ȷʱȫ鷿Ľϣۻ¸ոտ·ͼ
ұ֤һξܳɹ
ɫĹâסȫĽϣɫ࣬Сزٿ̻˵һߣǵڶ
ʱţƳԽԽ࣬Ҳ𽥳͡
ֵĽϣ֮ǰ԰ѿص󼸸ߣ̻ߵ˼֣ɫɢĹâһͬ󷨵һ֡
ֱһߣĽϣ߬˺Һָ⿪ʼвأ󷨱Ȼ
ĽϣһֻסڻߵסƲȷء
ָĽϣҧŴʹȫ߶λϡ
䡱
󷨳ɡ
ĽϣΪżʦǷƵ󷨡
ͬڰ˼󷨴Ӱ죬ż󷨵γɷϢġ
ҲĽϣֱǰƣ±鷿˲ԭ
ڹżϿżγɲκڲ̺Խա
תɹ󷨣Ľϣγɺ󣬶ԼѹȣС鷿
ȲҪϢ֪ʦ
鷿ڣʱ಻ºӣͽܸղŵʧˣ
󷨷ĺ
Ŀбӣ޳ָһöɫӣںӵıϣﻹʱ䡣
Ҳǣʱ䣬ӦȫǰΪżʦʱЦһӡ
ޱӣͫпƬ̺һӡ
Ҽǵúܾ֮ǰ˵Ǻ˵ϲ㣿ʱĬ죬ԹԵشȤôû뷨
ޱ仰̧ͨܣ˹شץһС
鷿⣬Ľϣվԭأָϣֻһܽδȫպϣһ϶ƿ
ʱĴ㵱ã
΢İڷĹһӡ
Ҷʦͽ֮飬ֻʦšϵӣʣİӷẒ̇ûµıҪˡ
ҲǡʱƿС
⣬ĽϣĻסָ˳Ű»
ʦš
ʦ˵˵
ĽϣԺﲻ仰ԭʦԼĸ飬
Ϊʲôʦһֱߡ
ʦո˵ýʦš
ʦ˵Ҫʦš
Ľϣۿȣ۵ױģǰҵĲãȴôҲɾĿڽʹθ
Ҫ֪ԼѾǾżʦϲûΪС
ʦôôһˣһǡ
ʦôãܻὫʦŵġ
ҪʦţΪλϤĶԴ
һ룬Ļˣ׼һж


24 
⣬󷨰תţŰ
Ľϣʹüۣϣ洫κԳС
ʦദеƬοŵԺлŮ˵ͶԴʱģһš
ˡ
һɵ˳żֱţĽϣȥ۽ǵˮ
ʦὫ׼һǼٵģġ
ĽϣĵһظԼҧŴǿΪһжʵġ
ʦʵôֲܷ鷿ſվţһʦԴĳͷô˵ġ
ĽϣסɤӣָŰջأҪת뿪֮ʣ鷿ŴԶ򿪡
ô⣿ʱţӭ˶ü΢΢Ƴƫۿ
΢΢𣬿ոտ޹
ղͷ̸ݣֻǲ֪˶١ƫͷһϮüƽ͵ǰŮˡ
ɤ˳ſĽϣĶУԾزһ£Ī𼸷ֺ¡
ʱ״Ҳԣǰ˺󣬲
Ľϣ䶯ŲҪϿˣ˿ȴ֪ο
̶̼·̣ĽϣӲ˰ʱ䣬˫ֺ£СλãĿⶢŽµĵذ塣
ɤһֱǵġ
Ľϣȥ
ôˣϣ΢ָۿϣĨȥˮ
ŮزþٶĽϣίˣˮҪĲ׹䣬һڷֱϡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣлϣǲǵòԣ㲻ˡ
üֱϾӨ飬һ˻ڵλã˳ֱ䵽һŰϡ
ĺܺáδĹ
ǡʦʲô˼Ľϣ̧ͷˮһ˲˲ضŮǳɫͫס
ֻǿµüĽϣУ
˼ָ̾ĽϣıԺҪ͵ˣЩ£֪ˣ᲻ĵġ
Ľϣ£漴Ц
ģԭԼģ
żѾˡƣදǰ˵ķϲ㣬Ϊżʦ
ĽϣͻȻóһĿŮ˵ƣлſ޹ǻɳƣҪЩ𣿡
һʼΪβ˵ΪλҪô׽Ľϣµֽճȭ͸źɫѪ˿۾ֱǰˡ
ǱĵӡȻЦˣãӦõġ
ӦõģĽϣԳһЦ
ôûʵ
Ϊһϣλ߸ϣʹ֪µӶ˲е˼Ը⾡ĽĽ̵
ôа
Ľϣ㿴жôĲʶô
ǵӶлˡĽϣ
׼ʲô˼Ľϣŷ
ͻȻԺ뵽ȥʦʱʦ˵ĻʱԼû˵׼
׼󷨣ĽϣһȻƫͷ⣬Ŀȴǽڵס
Ҫ׼ҡһ˲䣬δע⵽ǽͨ˰㣬Ӱʱ걻ԼγʱеĲʡ
ԣ׼ʲôá
ĽϣΣֱŷʦ𡭡
ʱû׿˵ɿԽƭϴԡ
˵Ľϣۿÿ¡
̵ʮ꣬Ӧ׵ġǳɫͫױࡣ
Ѿ御ˡ
̶絶
˿ĽϣףԭһнЦһжãδй鰮
ꡣĽϣĳ˿߱ˮģһεεӵУӷ϶Ͳ㡣
ĽϣȫһһĻ֮Ӧá
һֱǱĵӡ߸ϵʩ㣬һ㣬ı䡣
ǡĽϣյģʪӣ׼ǰܸףΪʲô׼Ϊʲôң
´Ż㣬ʥ壬õ׼ѡ
𣿡ĽϣԳûˣǵѵá
鷿ھþûĽϣַܹΧʧǵߡ
ûš
ĿĵԽϿշţ˫ĿؿƬϤİĵؽ硣
֪Ķ⡣
վڶ⣬ȴһжԼ޹ء
ʦ㡣ϸӬĵһ
Ľϣ˫ֻڶſڣʹͷ˫С
һξʱŵ˻ĽϣѹŨҵĿɬ
Ľʦãô⡣Χķ类赲Ľϣ̧ͷ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ʦ㡣Ľϣɤӣ͵͵ЦѾǾżʦˡ
ɫ̶ͬȵķ˱仯
Ľϣ߳һĨЦ⣺ʦǣôΪҸе˰
ɫһǲ֪ʲô
ĽϣЦŲ˵
ڡ͵קȥĽϣֱ۽
ĽϣһϿʧ̬ɫ
ںԶԽڣԽԶԽáĽϣ߳
ԴĿռȡһЩҪĳʳʯǿӲĽϣĿռС
ʦ㶫࣬úһˣȷͷˣżʦʵҼҷֽ꣬δúܺáԱ˵߻Ľϣ࣬̽ǰĵ·
ⲻҪ¶żʦݣúչԼ涣
ĽϣŵؿΧλʦ㣬ûһ˿һԥûжʲôðΣյҪͳš
Ӧ㽫ŵģֻǡû뵽֮죬ǲѾ֪Ǿżʦˡʡ
šĽϣ͵Ӧ
ٶȲʱͷ;Զһۡ
ʦãǰԽڵĻڷߣһ̤ϱض֪Ҫһ㡣
ĿռȡŷֽԼʣϣմȾϢŷֽŷߵһ˹ȥ
ߡסĽϣڷֽߵ˲䣬˾һ˵ķߡ
ͬʱԽϿһʾô
㣬ڻһξ롣ͷۣӿٶȡ
Ľϣȫ̱š
˹ˣӦԽڵĻӡü
ڵã˽ࡣ
Ҫֿ𣿡ʡ
ֿҲûãǵĿʦáԵ
Ľϣжͬʱģʦ㣬ǻᱻͷ𣿡
ԣɫ˱䣬ⷴӦѸ٣ҡҡͷᡣ
ǾͺáĽϣ
ԽںλĽϣҡ
ȻʹСıܿ˿ԱܿģȴѲһ֧Сӡ
ʦ㡣ǰһĽϣЦʦôˣѰʲô
ʮĿĽϣϡ
ĽϣƽɨǰһȦˡ
С·ǷʦָķΧ뿪鳶ҵľƺӸĽϣ·Сġ
ʦ㡣Ľϣ޴ؽסƺ
󡣡ŵĵ֣ûˣȥ𴦿
֮ʣĽϣʮϢصƷ
еҩݣʯ
ĽϣΪԼѾûᣬɿһĻ̲סӯ
ߣȥС·⵱ϣĽϣ˷
ԣС·ǷŵѲ飬˵ʱѲ˶Ĭĵû
˼Ѳˣһ⣬Щ˶ûпĽϣˣеĵһЩ֪ѵ뿪·ߡ
ĽϣһֱϲԽڵķΧϲʦʦֿĸ飬񣬸ܸ
ֻǣݺһģȴõʦ
վ⣬Ľϣͷλʦ㣬һ·ϣĿռװʦʦǸĶ
ߡ⼱е
Ľϣĵٴʵʦ㣬治۵ǣ
ᡣ϶
ʦʦأĽϣԸΪԼܵ𷣡
ڡ
ղμӰĽϣĵӼԽڣѲСӣҪ𷣣ҲܽŵĵӶһ顣
ĽϣصͷתٻԪҪ뿪麣ͻȻһϤ
գ̤Խڰ벽µĵӣ԰Խ̷á
ĽϣӽӲԭء
ߡԼԭزż
ĽϣľȻת۾վһ׵ˡ
Ŀ䣬ĿⲻͦΣŲĮ
ʶĽϣߵͣԣתͷͫ˲Ŵ
ϡⷢ
𾪵תϡ
ĿתɫȻ̵Ľë΢΢γɱӰ
ֻ΢УĻﴫڣ
εѹʩϡ
Ӧϥˢˢعڵϡ
ҪĽϣ
ɾϵĲ࣬޷ʱķӦ
ߡǿѹ³֡
һ룬㱻Ϊǿѹѹü
ƽʵ˵Ҫȥ㣿
Ľϣۣô̵ľ룬ֻҪԸ⣬޷롣
Ͻֻ֮Ҫ̤ţԸȥԽڵӵݣ㲻ǿǳɫͫźɫ޵ɨǰŵˡ
һ䣬ˣô죿һĽϣֱۣؿˣ˵Ǹ÷ְأǡ
𷣣ȴ˵һϡƽС¡
Ľϣؿھ
һʱ俼ǡЦЦֱۣЩ˵Ľͣһ֮䡣
ĽϣͷһξãǰİвˣôǸģϸĵʦ
ҧ⣬͹
޹ءĽϣۣҸȥ
㻹ôһֱñܷġ߹ȥסĽϣߡ
·ʱѹŲ΢٣Լȥ췣
Ľϣ˲̧ͷŷӦңͷǵġ
ȻʧЦзִ硣
ˣԼ
Ľϣ˵ʲôֹסɣܣһ٣ٶ汾𡣡
Ȿֻʦͽ֮£ΪҪǣλζգۼĹ˱ǻصĽϣסƫڡ
Ǳۣһһ٣޳ָĽϣĲƺһŮ˴ûа֮𣿡
ϣĽϣʣбڣʲô
ĽϣƫͷܿĴ
ǡɻ󣬡ڶʲô
Ӧ㣬׼֮ǰе֮£׼󣬱ȫٶѯʣʲô
ңӶġĽϣ̧ȣҪ߿ǰˣȴ׾ٵص
ģظƬ̺͵ɿĽϣֺɫס˵ʹĽϣӣ˵ϲʱδӶġ
֣һеʱ򣬿δ˵ҶġˣҧҧסͷԾĻ磬˳ǵ
ղƽܵ£Ҳƽղ˵ĻĽϣ˰ԼؿڣƶסԷĺԣ㻹ϲġ
׼󣬱һΪúӣʽΪ¡ָĽϣķ


25 
˰˯˱ϴ齣ĮȻü˼ԥ
ָɨ֮۽ǵۣעǰˡ
Ƭ̺뿪
⣬ڰе׼Ϣתš
˼ۺ󣬻صԼס룬װѪҺĲƿȡһ֧ġ
׼ǰǳɫͫӳĳڲŰ
ס壬岻󷨿ƿȥѪҺʧȥƿڷɳγһֱߣڲ
ʱ䣬ƽת󷨷ҵ𶯣̺ӿŽѪҺɴ
ӿײɢ棬žԶ𽥼١
ѪҺ󷨳ںһ󣬻ҵٶȻָƽȣתš
ɨտҲĲƿȻڵϡ
ʱ
סƿڣƿйѣΪĩɢ
ҹԽں֡ʱƳе󷨣۵׸ֳ֮̾ɫ⺢ӵ츳漫ǿϧˡ
ϧʲôȥ
ϧ׼֮󣬡ʱ಻ηɢĵѹǰ˫ֱ󣬷ŵҲˡ
𲻻¡϶
ʱüּ̧䣬һӣɢȥαϣϵƺԶһЦ⣺ҪԽڣ
Ҽǵã׼󷨣Ҫ׼ֿ̻ЧͬʱҲҪ׼ĸԸؽ󷨲Сʱͷ鷿͵Ҫ˵ɣ
ֻǶ󷨣ÿһߣʱĻ
ֻǣû뵽СһﷴӦôǿҡʱ˵ԹԵص˼
һĽϣ뿪ˣҲᷴɵϣ޷صˡ
ֻǣ̬ˣʣҲòҪĴ𰸡
׼󣬱Ϊ£ڿ׼ЩˡͻȻ
ʱࡰţ㲻˵ֻʦͽ֮𣿡˵Ҫʦš
ȻǾ仰ʱȻû˵
׼Ͻ綼кôȻϲ𣬴˾ٱ㵱ǶĲ
ûпܣԶ㣿ʱü
ȻҲҹ롣
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˻ᣬƼƫȥʱҲû˴ŵ£׼󷨣Ӱʧԭء
ƫڣϵˣʳָĽϣıǼ⣬ܵнĺ֣˴ߣĿˡ
ΪʲôҪܣһţеһжǰ֮ǰŬʲô
ʮΪĽϣ֮ٵǿԵޱȿЦʮĽ̵ΪʲôͲףδ
һ·
ϣ֪Ѿˡ
ϵһ
ǰ㿴Ǹˣһգô۶ԸˡѧĽϣ
Ѿ׼Ҷ֮£׼ǱΪ£òãֱĽϣĲĦȫ㡣
Ȼ䣬ֱ˺Ĵ䡣
Ľϣ˫ۣƿͬʱ͵ƫͷǱʲôĵĶƵģ̽ӣſڴߣһŻ
ҡĽϣѹĨȥ߲ڵգ̧۶ݺݵضŷ
ôôȻ͵˵ЩһδεθôҲ̲ס
ӰЩ
˭ҪΪ£ĽϣЦŴ棬֧ӣζǿǻʦ𡣡
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ƭŻƳ׼Լ󷨣Ц
ʼٸȴƽ͵˵һΪ¡
Ҿô𣿡Ľϣҧ֨ѽ죬۰зԵѪ˿һһظңͣ⣬ô
˵ϲ𡣡ʵ
ǰҿĽϣֱӽӵ
һϣּãȻüǰۿˡ
ԣӦġĽϣÿοŰĽ塣
Ϊ˫غɫͫпָˡ
ϣĪ𼸷ʧظУ˼룬϶һ׼õҩнͣҪͱ˵
֪ﲻƽЩҪиȡǳɫסе룬˵ҩȡ
ϸָסױҨһιĽϣߣȵҩ׼󷨴ڵʱֻգȰٿʼ
˵ţЦЦ֮ǰΪβǰ뱾˵أٻʮ׼ʱ䡣
ȵ׵ڴߣŨĿɬܽǼ⣬һֵķθ
Ľϣڸµְסⲻӿܡ
ҲͦõģٲٶʮˡĽϣ༥
δһԼôƵǶһֱ𾴵ʦ
ؾӣǾˣָת˵Ĺ򣬽һҩι˽롣
ĽϣƲҩǺƿ
´廹еಹҲȲ
ҲҪͱ˵ϡ֮ġԤеĽϣҪ˵ʲôЦŷӣָסǰ˵򦣬̶סǰˣض˹ȥ
Ȼڱ£ɱ𶨶ᡣбҩһ㵹ĽϣĿС
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ߣҩŮӵĿС
ͬ⣬˭޷ιҩɿĽϣƾȡһöԷУ⡣
ĽϣŪƣǻеĿ˶ѿࡣ
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бǽϣ۾ؿŵذ塣
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Ŀռȡһ֧ɾĲƿûһ̵ûʱǡ
֮ǣû£δ᲻£ȨĽϣϡ
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Ľϣһ
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γɣȥͽգʣʱ䡣
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ڵĲƿȫɳһذڷǰ
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ͻȻһʧȥƿء
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Ϊʲô˲ģܡ
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ͱڷǰһ˲֪С
գ˶Դʱġ
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ΪһкɫѾˡ
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ϤӰӹǰĽϣ۾˼վ
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Ľϣۿۡ
򣬹ر˰еͶӰ
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ɫ׼ˡ
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ŵڶ𾪵Ͽգ׼ͷųֱֱϿգڻϡ
֮ŵĵӾȵķ֣ѿĿԼٶպϡ
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׼ˣʦɫ԰ףʹסӡ
ҧ´ۿͨ죺ӦʦòŶԡ
һԲɿеĳԳع¡

עĵطһ׼󷨣ңԶʡ
ʱฺֶ̾ˣˡ
֪˶ãʧ׼еһѡ
԰н䣬ߺ³ɺЦ⣬ͷһ󷨡
׼̮ٶȲ졣
һ߶ǰ׼ȫš
Ȼڲһˡ
Ĵǹһƽֱߡ
Ľϣʶصૣԭء
©һģ漴ӿתöۡ
ʱڷļϣƳۣƺǼ£͸Ѫɫ
׼󷨺ܳɹѾ޲ɡʱǳ
ϣԼ񡣡ʱ಻ȥɫڰ˳䡣
׼նЩǰĴϣϪˮʣڵҩڶ
ĿϣӰʵصһ
أɳɫָָ׿ģѪ£γƬƬõѪ
Ľϣأ˻ش𣬷ƽһ顣
ʱ죬ƫͷ
׼󷨲ĺۼ紵ȥŷϣ
ڸ𣿡תëӰԲԸ𡣡
𣿡֪ҪԼţҪ˿϶Ļش𣬷ֱ͹
ӦԤϵġʱ׼ҪĴۡ
Ľϣʬ޴档


26 
һ˲ӿɢȥ
ʱסһʱ֪Ǹüοпռ÷¡
ûԲԡ̧ۿʱ࣬ǳɫͫгһ㵭ĻӰ
ʱ£˰벽ƫͷȥ۵׻ŵɣʹû
ֱͫеɫϼǰŮˣκۡ
ʱ۵׵ܺõֻ¹䣺Ǹʧ̬ˡ
ʱҡҡͷް
룬ǵĽϣĺ£ʲôʱ죿
ϾĽϣʦߺ󣬺ܶȻҪ
ȻŮֻǵɨԶı䣬ʮδ˪ѩ̼¡
ҪǼʮȫ£ǵĵѩģ˵ߡ
һƬѩɫУʱֻܿƮɵİΪһīɫķ˿Ů˺󱳣ĵŮ˲顣
ղеĶݺתƺһ
䵭ȻˣôΪһӵȥʧ̬أ
ʮʱ֮˲ָһӼ䣬ĽϣϦദʱҲͼꡣ
ʱ䣬ôڷ̵ĺۼ
ˡ
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ʱûõŮ˵ĻӦʱϣ
Խڵáƫתͫ׾۽ʱϣ䣬³Ļ̹ǣûʱ䰲Щ
ƽ飺һӶѡ
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ԳΪԽȥǷϤʶģϯμӡ
Ψһĵȥʱ䶼Ը
ʱ಻֪ǲԸԣǵĲȥ
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⣬ŵӻڹšʱѵ
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ë·Ӱɫ䣬Ȼƽȣĵذô𣿡
˵գӰһ㡣
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ϣ˵ȷĽʦ𣿡ֱ̫״󵨡
;볶סԵĸ첲
ĿˮƺԸղŵǾ仰˼ص˵ͷ૵ǰôãôʬ޴أ
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أʱЩͷۡ
Ľϣʲôħôͷð𷣵ķչ顣
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ڣܣյģ̡
޸ĴһΪȴ
ϣޱƫȽպϵĴš
ߴУƺŮЦӨӨƿţСһšʦ𡣡
궶ղŵĻӰƣЦһ̧ùľϵĲ豭İ档
ָڲƹһȦƽĴ׭΢¶ȡ
ž𣬲豭Ƭ
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ķѩǿңѩֿճѪҺ˳ǣȻ߬ġ
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µŤҧסþȫſסӿŭĽϣô
һеԴĽϣûаĲ£һжǰ
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Ϊĳ˱仯ġ
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ʱһ֧ɡıѩͤͤڵǰ
Ŵ򿪣ȻȻɡڣ⡣
֮ǰˡʱи˾䡣

Ľϣգ֪ͨһʱֱ⡣
š
𣿡ʱü¶ǣһ̣ɡ
ȥԽʱ࣬ƳΨһһ˪ѩմȾֺⰻȻõҩںлζ
ʱüңƼͷϵķźǷĹգͷۣʽ㳡ϡ
ʦͽһûˡʱ
ʦͽһߵú޹˼ɡҧгݡ
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֪ͨѵʱǰֿ۷ͷķĽϣİɡ
ʺ㡣
ʱ໰䣬ͼֱ̧ۣԥؽǸ£īȻ䣬ֱ
ţһĨ⻮ûããѩС
ֱӽǸˡ
ʲôʱ۾ķӦ


27 
ķѩԽŨأǰΨһĴ֦ѹʱʱ۶ϵķա
ɢ䣬ü޹վڵǰңԽ㳡λá
ڽĽϣʽİΪ˸ıˡ
֪˶ãѩŮ˵ʪȻֱɣϵѭǸ֪㣬ʱһ
ԽӲߣȴһƬϡ
ԺУһӰȻ֣ͷЦЦȻùڱϵĲӣظҩݷ
ʵӰصŮӰʵλá
һ˿Ҫ̤ǵӰȴ̼ʧӰ١
ŲĽŲͣԭأȵ˲ȥ
㳡ϣһ䰧֮ƺֱֱڣĶУûű˺ۣȴǿεġ
ڣŮҲƲסӰζգۼĹ㳡ϡ
վڹ㳡ı߽ǣϢܺõء
Ź㳡ǰݵڶӣŮ˫ĿеıһɢȥؿʽĽУŶĽϣʽ
㳡Ϸտ̨ϣûаڷһĽϣĶ
ۿ죬Եʡ
վһۿʱ⣬һ˲˲Ź㳡һߣ⴦Ůˣ̾һվˡ
ʱ࿴۹㳡ڵĵӣӱԵƹ㳡վϰԵ±ǣ
¾ˣʱŵüͣƫͷŮ˱㷢ڵ˲ֵĲգҪȥ̨ǰ𣿡
΢΢գָֻۣƵģƮŮ˰תļ̨ɤȾŶյĺΪҪȥ
תķ򻺲ȥ·ˡ
ʱࡣ̧ҪסǰˣָȴӶԷдͽһƬӰ
αأʱε̾Ϣƫͷ㳡ֿ˿ıӰˡ
ԶеӹѯʣĽʦãҪ̳Щ𣿡
ãգ֪ͨԽڵӣݽ󣬽ҹ㲻Ҫ㳡ʱ󣬡ĽϣٿԽڡ
ǡӵ
صǻڶ˹Ѫɿҧŵͷǲʹ
Ŀռȡһ̳δȶٵľƷϡ
ƻǺöǰĽϣģǺһͷת򣬻˯˺ü졣
Ժ󣬷δĽϣմˮķǣͻأóֻƱԹԵص
Ȼһ档
ڣϵ˿ڽڡеǱ̧꣬Ƥһ˵Ķ棬˻ᣬǱֱС
ȵЩˣǺ˼
ָϼξˮվƾŸо߽鷿
ģУǵǺϲģ˻󷨾֡
µϰĽϣдһֺ֣ںٽ̵Է鷨ǶٶԷϵĽȡ
ǡЦһ߸ģ壬ǰĻӰʵ
ǰֳŮһν鷿ĳʱĽϣոյ°ʹ
Ů֣һһдһ֣뿪Ľϣһ鷿ֽϣд֡
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ΪβԸúû
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28 
Ľϣȥ꣬Խǰ׼󷨣Ī
ǰƬⱻտúܺãÿնڵҩݲˮȻǰ鷿ддë֡
մСӣֱ޳ָסˮֱйϪˮ̧һֻ֣¶˺۵
Ϊһĵڻδϵ˿ϻ˿ٶѿϸܵѪ顣
ޱؿţתµѪҺȻȻĹˮС
Ѫ£ˮͣһ˲γ״ϪˮΪһ壬Ⱦɵɫ
ϰԵؿۣĨȥϲѪҺҲ˿ڣֱߵǰҩݣ¡
ѪûĽϣѪҺĹЧЩȻҲûκЧ
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ѷԽڵӣ㲻ûֱֱɡʱ
Ů㲣óӻɫ׵ò̫ðˡ
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ᵽֻҾöġ


29 
ڣǳɫһ߱֯һ޴󷨣ΧĿռ䷢޴Ť
ǰֲɨһգڵҩɢҵطڰУʱҩЧɢȥתΪݲһѡ
˫Ŀ̺죬ͷ𣬴ӵشϣ߬ģѪҺһεζ¡
һжû˲ǳɫֻͫת󷨺޷Ŀռš
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ŵЦ⣬ؿǰ󷨣ɢԼϣѪҺѷС
ԭۡɫ԰ףһ󷨣žŮϵѪԽԽࡣ
ȫʱѱȾɴɫǼѪɫ¡
лιһ׹⣬۾ʶƳȥܿ죬Ĩ׹⡣ģڰ׹УֳһϤӰ
νͣסۿٶȷȣػǰǵǶǵˣϣ
ǰ˺Ц⣬Ųӯس
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ţҪ״̬ôҡ
ޱؿкβң
ʱ࣬߱ģʡ
ˡʱýʣҧס⡣
ûط
޷άֳʱĻʹá
ңھģ


30 
߬ʱĿŶˣڵӿžۼ˫Ŀϡ
ҧгݵ뵽õ𰸡
Ӽƻȥȡƣصͤ⣬ʱҾ¶˲Ļн˴þСȻ׷Ľϣ䡣
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31 
ϴκʱȻȥ꣬ʱУĽϣ˴룬˿ȥЩ⣬Ѿ졣
ׯڳƲʲôʱոĽϣƼڱ֯ϯ߹ȥӴһѰڷϯгһʱҿ԰æ
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Ǹ֪ʹٴǰ벽̵øˣ˵һ飬ȥ


32 
Χһжðֻн̴Һ
ռ⣬ֵ˷⴦쳣
Ľϣýֶڲ۾ǰһ֮Ůˣ̴壬һν¶
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33 
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34 
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35 
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37 
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38 
ڵĿ˼֣ӿУԽĶһ˿
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39 
кµŮ˰ϣ̵ĽëȾһǳĽߡ
ĽϣָǶģĸǳһΡȻƵʹԶʹþҡ
ͷˮƻۿβһ죬˿̵ıгС
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뿪ͷĽϣºͻʱһգЯ⣬ĳȵ߹ȥ


40 
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ĽϣԽһĴڣֱ˴Ӻ󱳽ӽŵȫĸо
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ʱ̾ϢһֱΪ֪Լ룬ġ


41 
Ľϣĳʦͽ⣬ûа˼𣿡ʱಽƣ޳ʳָָ£ָЩסֱ
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ԺĽϣͨԻĽϣġʱӵĺܿ졣
Ů˳̵Ľëָ们䵽У֪ļ
𡭡ûСɫдŲϳݣ΢ŵӺм
˵
ʱජˮĴ۾õڶǳɫͫСָӷƿȻСϵķ
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42 
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43 
ƺˣΧ糱ˮ̼ɢȥĽϣڽȫڷϡ
ʲôʱʼϲ˵ϻˣĽϣ˵˺ϾͻԶ𣿡
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һҪԶ֮
񰵵࣬뵽ʱں˵Ļ
Ľϣ㻹һĶûвʱĺϣʱǳԺлصакޡ
ак𣿷ֻ֪ʱలοĻĳ翵ĻС
ô˵ĽϣֻúЦ±ƳԶСڣϡ˵
Ľϣ˵ʲôмӵķŭ
͵ģʱֹʧء
ĽϣЩǣȥʦ㵽ôˣɰǰ˵ĴڣԼʦ˽ðȻȥ
ǰ㡣
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ķˡĽϣͷظʶԼ
Ϊ˻÷ļޣԼѪҺݣһηˮϤĽ񣬾ķˡ
ע⵽ĽϣС۵һĨţͣ뿪ɵݶҲժˣٴֲģտų׻ķˡ
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Ľϣתͷ¶ģͬţһ̤ʱ
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44 
ЦζƶϣĽϣ۾Ҫзֱ仰ڼʵԡ
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45 
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ò˶ã溭ǵϢȫɢ
ʱҪ꣬·ԾɴϽ绹Ҫá
ָŶɵйϸСĦ
ĽϣĻʱ˲ĿеԲ飬µüһ˿죬漴ʼ磬ɫ糣غ˰벽ҵĿ׼һΣ
Ҿ޴⡣æ
Ľϣһλζת䣬һ̣ѰﴦΪ׼ľڡ

ĽϣֹϷţصŰ彫档
ʹֱ̧ۣ΢΢˼Ű壺ϣ
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Ľϣָ԰룬̧ȥȥڴԱߵαϣϴһıӣǺá
֪ΪΣڷ˵Ǿ䡰˻ѾϽ硱ûɵĻң̼㡣
ΪԼ׼ϣʧȥԣ֪ҲǸողŷϽʱ̵ѯʶԷǷҪٴν׼
һţĽϣſ˼ѹɤﴫ⣬ƣر۾
޳⣬һǻڵĿܽ⣬תŲÿ֮֮һ䷿š
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46 
ʲôʸҽ㡣Խ㡱ʱ͵ڳϵͬʱ⧵վɢŮԭֵĿѪɫĺۼ
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47 
ת˿˿Ƶ˳ź壬΢СģԲ
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48 
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49 
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50 
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51 
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52 
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ԣʱͻȻЦվĽϣȻСؽϰ𣬻ڻС
ҿһѪҺ𣿡ʱع˳ǣ͵ҩЧ̫ˡ
ĽϣѪҺãЧ
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𽥱ȣʱԷһѪҺУɿŷ°͵֣Сȵද·ա
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»ὫĽϣԶĽϣܵ˺
Խִó׵㣬Ǳϵô򵥡ȫиõĽΪѡȴѡ˽ʶ̶̼յĽϣⲻòз֮ġ
棿ĽϣֶЦˣЦֱƳֻ˵ץģҲʹͷȴǲ˵ģϾҺԽһֻ棿
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Խˡꡣ
ǣ˭ҵˣҾ͸עµһˣֱȥĽϣЦֹסֱӷ۾𣿡


53 
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ƺо㣬ֻͷעǰһ֮Ůˣɫͳ㲻עһһֱ㡣
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Сʵʵ˵ɻ󣬡ϣûЩ⣬ǰ˭ʵġ
ԽձҹĻⱻĽϣȻק˻ЦеؿŷֱԷĿϴҲǽ취ν߸Ĺ
Ҳûܽİ취Ľϣϧҡҡͷ
ɫӲ԰׵ϣͣ룬ƺǶĽϣղ˵Ǿ仰ûܷӦ
̵Ľëʶز·Ӱ΢ȶ
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Խθıʹͷ˿ɫڼžķڸȻ̵ܽ
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ŮɨŲߣⶼԸְ㵽ߵˣοЦĺ˵һ顣
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ڵ״̬һʱ޷εħֻƾһˣԵȵǸʱ򣺡ԡ
áʱͷұʹһʱգó׵ڵ˱ҳ
ş֣̌˳žߵ޵Ŀھ۽Ϣ˼Σǿ񣺡ʱ࣬ҽǲǶԴϣϡո㲻ڵڼ䣬Һ˵ˡ
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µˡʱһžͷַڵе㲻ԾԶӾ֪ʲô
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ʱҲ֣ϽУ·ĿռڣҪ𣿡
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Ϊһִó׵ˣԽ˵ĸоӦϵģĽϣֻܵߵĴȰ
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ʲôҪģ㾡ԽᡣԽɨԽˬʵʮ㣬֪ߵĿֻ»ΪԷΪʵڵˡ
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Ľϣǳ£Ҳ֪Ƶ˱Ȼʦ㡣ԺиֳԣӰҲ֪е
ʦ֪£·Ҫѵһǡ
ϴԽڵΣԽڵӡţԽٴγֻ֣Ҳ¶ȥԽѯʣ˷ԽںԽ˵Խ϶⣬˵Խ̳
˵˵ţԽҲԼЦˣЦһתϵųĵĹ⣬ֱ⣺Խʲôϵ


54 
ŨˣĽϣ΢΢תƮľζɢȥЩ
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55 
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56 
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ĹңܵһжֵõġĬ
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գĽϣٴνȡѪҺ͵ʱϡ
⼸Ĳ㲻ȥ𣿡ʱӹѪҺʡ
ˡĽϣܾǱܱС
ţʱЦЦΪԽ𣿡
Ľϣš
ʵǼٰµ£ӦܲµõʱоеѪΣֻǻȷˡ
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ʵ꣬ȷ뱣ȫġʱ뵽֮ᣬ
ϣԽղ˽ʱĻϡ
еѪαݷĿռڣʱƫתϸòЦ⣺ԽС㡣
ʱ⼸°Խƺʲô¶һǷƵֽҳ
ԽС˵Цˡʱࡣ
֮ǰ˵ҪһͬŲ飬Ѿȥˣûȷʲôʱ𣿡Խʡ
Ľϣӡ
ٹգԽСӦòաʱ
ԽڲȻҲԽüЦ
պʱ΢΢ףת˷
Խ˽ȥ󣬶Ľϣ¼磬Ц֮ǰѰﴦҵĶҵˣ֪ǲҪġ
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ԽǱй󷨵ĹżݸĽϣ󣬱صѰﴦæԼˡ
ĽϣصڣǱżû̫ϣ
˳ַһҳĽϣյĿⶸȻס
صй׼󷨵ݣϸ󷨵ã󷨵ĻƷԼԻɵ˺
ӵʥͻ߲ſɻƳΪΪ󷨵ý顣һƶɸģһڻϣǷ
󷨴ʮǱҪʱ̣򲻿ɻơģģּϸϣֱܷʲô
ʮĽϣ
Ȼս𲻿ָһֵָֻĽϣҧ˺ģ¿
·һСŮ˵ע⡣
ƽ֮ת˺Ľϣָй˼ֽ֣ҳ
Ǩת֮ǽ׼˺Ψһ󷨡ĽϣĿָ̣ڿҪһŵ»Сţת׼󷨶Ի߲˺ûߵ׼л
עǨתǨתų˺ǨתСߣʶ麣֮࣬ߣ޴档
λ·󷨵Ļͼӳ뵱ڣ׼Եһģһ


57 
Ľϣϵ츳Ǽŵӵʱ඼޲ڡٸӵ󷨣ĽϣĶ࿴ۣ޷ƳҲܼס󷨵͡
ÿһ߶кõ˳֯һ𣬷ɫɫֽҳģвƾĸ֪Ľϣֱܷ
Ƶ󷨱޶¡
òµһ̣⧲չǰĳǾҵģĽϣ嶼ڲסҳȡ
ֽҳ֮ڼȵĿռڣ궯־塣ײš
Ľϣϣؿαϣ˫Ŀעӡ̵ʱڷſ˼ʱ뵽󷨡
ûгԹ󷨵Ļơʱ䣬ҲֻԺУûҪʵ뷨
ǺݺݴһƣĽϣʹѡ
ľؽǱٴõǰƾؽֶ࿴顣
Ǩתųɵ˺Ľϣ˲㵥Һ۾ֱֱ⼸ϡ
ÿһϵãƫƫһȴôܡ
ųɣųɡ
Ƿе˴󲿷ֵ˺ԣܴ⡰ʮ׼лųԣӹǲŻ˲
ԭеһУмѭ
뵽ԪŮ˴̴˲䣬ĽϣͻȻãһжôĻ
ʲô֪ʲôؿŷոһյʵ
ǡĽϣЦһǱӦñĹżˤϣ޴ĳƵ졣
硭Ų֪ŭ˵֡
ǨתΣǷĪѻΣʼգһеĿʼŮ˽׼ͼ̵ֽƿʼ
ֲ嵽Ϊ׼󷨵ԭŷΪԷϧ壬˿ݽߵ֮ʣҪӲ»Ԫ˺
ñʹ
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Ľϣ㱾԰ȻɳǷ󷨣һʹſáһȻ
ĽϣˣǷоģˡһ
Ͻʿ֮࣬ΪηҪ׼㱾ûְ𡣡һʼٴ
Ϊе˾ų˺ʹڣδȬ㣬αؿִڹȥڶ
⣬ô׼󷨣һ
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֪ʵ뷨ԸԵ뷨ȱڴ򿪣ìܵ뷨ӿ
ǰ⣬ô׼ڣô˵ҡĽϣл䣬ͷҪƽ顣
ѿһ򿪣Ժ£
ĽϣǱżĿռڣȥ۽ǵۡ
ৡţеҪȥѰҷѯǨת󷨵顣
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ܲһֱ¿ɬҺ壬䣬ǻھȺüķϢ
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á
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ʱչ˹㡣˼ˮƿ
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ǺĳҹڷߵҹΧˣ͵͵Լסĵڣһ·ţ͵˷סġ
ʱķĮȻƽʱͬϰʱ仰ûС
ӭײϵʱҸʱ۵ֵ̧ݸһ
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˵Ĺϵ˺ֻ֪ܶ࣬䵭СʱǾŷȥ档
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Ľϣǣǿس˳ǣõģ֪ˡ
Ǻúģҳȥˡ·ҡʱ˸󣬺ͷ֣ʾԼȳȥ
΢΢ס
ʱȥ˳ֽŴϡ
ϣҵ𣿡һĨǳĻȡ
ɫǰպо˺ܶ࣬⼸գĵȷĽϣޱۡ
ϻǵǰ˵û𣿡Ľϣһسŷȥڿڵֽճȭָģȴ޸о
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ѧأĽϣֳڴϣ̬ǿӲܷ̽ң󷨵λƣкأ


58 
Ľϣֱͦһ˲˲עŮˣϸĳ˳żȻ䵽ǰѻĽëźȡ
ڴϣųһĨģƽ͵Цݣ첻ؿڣ˸տʼĽϣἰʱĨһĻ⣬ƽ⣺ôͻȻѧˣ
֪Ľϣ
󷨶ҪܸߡݵĽϣڽ治޷̵㣬պ󡭡ӺЩˣٽ̵㣬ɺã
򶨣ģĽϣԽܣʱ֪ʵ飬ԼС㣬Ѿµ࣬ҪҸɹѯʡ
ɼҪ
Ͽɷ֪󷨵֣ãԼ󷨵ĻͼҿĽϣơ
ͼֽԽڣҲûЯ
ԽڵҲһյʱ䡣Ľϣ̽ӻ
ɱˡ㣬Ҳȡֻܵȵȫָɽӡӿ
𣿡Ľϣֻһϲ
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ͻȻ󷨣ֻҪѧϰ𣿡ԻָЩɫϣ
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ԣԸĽϣţʱţĽϣĺ⣬ʧֻҪȹʱˡ
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ĽϣֱŮ˵֡
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׼󷨳˶೤ʱ䣬˶೤ʱʹֱ࣬׼󷨺Ǩתһͬܣ԰׹䡣
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һ̣ϵʹԶʹ
סβ𵭵һĨ죬˳ǣ̣Ȼۡ
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˵ľ̼üײ䣬Ľϣ͸ۣʵǣ㵱һУ۲ۡ
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޷Ƕһ˷ǡ
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ǲǾãΪԼͽܻŴ׼гתԱ߲Ǩת󷨣еų˺㣬ΰ󣿡ĽϣĪ档
Ǩת󷨺ͳе˾Ų˺ķָǱģվ֪󷨡
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׼󷨵£ΪֹԺҪˡĽϣƽ͵
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ϣеػǰԶ˵֣æӴվڱĵϣǣסĽϣֱۣ
·ˣôֻ·ˡԸĽϣﻹֻ·ˣǲǾ˵ʲôûˣҲὫȫٲǵ÷ֺ
һ뵽ֿܣĿѡ
ôԽǣҪĽϣԶǵ
˦֣Ľϣ۾ⲻԾƳ.˫ţܵԽŨء
һ㶼ں塣
ϣע㣬ģ˿ʢĽϣ
ϣ
ϣһе£ͲϢˡĽϣ뿪İΧȦ
ĿڣؿһۼʹǹĽϣĴԹ޵ʱҲʹù֡
Ҫİ˵ǰ
ߡקסĽϣ䣬ǰһȦڻУס
סĽϣһֻᰴǰ˵ĺԣŮ˵ĲĦ
һϣ֪Ⱥŵ񾭻ضѡ
Ľϣֹգڴϵǲն͵ƿź˼ֵˣ
ȦĽϣ򴽣Ĵ͸˵ˮ⣬˳١
ƿҡϢ뽫Ľϣ뻳Уš
ƺǰ˱Զ뿪
麣ڵĻԪ֪˴˿̵ľҲĽϣڷɳ֮䣬赲˷Ľһ
ԪĽϣ޶һ÷֮ʣӶԷѶ
ϣءĽϣŽ


59 
أҪءڴϣǰŻԪŮޱؿ۵ٲһ˿
Ľϣһغˣڽϵָָĺȫȥֻһǳģİס
תȥٿһۣеָŰϣƺָĹؽ͹𣬰ֱϣɫľɼ
ĴЩ
Ƭȿֺڣյʶرͷȥ
ʱվſڣֺڸǰĿⲻ֪ںδſתҪ˵ʲôʱĽϣеĻԪߵЦ⻹δȫ𣬱ˡ
Ľϣֹţʱ๧һ񣺡
ʱ΢΢˲ƽĽϣòмѣԴԽڵӺ󣬾Ҳûий˴
һмֻ㱡
Ľϣʱɻػ֡
ĽϣҡҡͷԪΪһĨ⣬Ů˵ڣƹǰʱ࣬صԼľţԼһСС
ʱජʧıӰסӵڵľһƿ˷š
ŮһϮīɢͷ࣬ͷɢ䡣ʱðϣֻ¼ȾźĲ԰ס
ڴǰ봹ͷƵϢʹϸϸ֪Ҳ֮ܲµıˡ
ʱС߹ȥվڷǰ׵λã֣ҪŮ˵ļ򣬰ο䡣
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ԽҲ⣬ŴȺ˵ôŲ顣ǸڵϵһƲҼ
ǡ
С㣬ԽڵһȺӹˡ˵ţһλػѰﴦСܹԽ
֪ˣǹǡԽɨɫƽ͵Ůӵ
ĽϣƳԽɨһۣƽתͷ˶ӣﺬŵɻ
Խ䴽ǡ
һĻôԽڵӽʱƼƫͷеķ
Ů˲԰׵ݾ⼸յĵѾ˺ܶ࣬ټϸ൤ҩҪطڣԶԶȥɫǰʱ俴ȥҪá
ֻʱʱ̵Ů˴˿̵壬Էʶأ麣ʱ޿̲໥
ԭڷʶӰ£ڽڰˣתΪḶֺ́γ޹⡣
ʱʱգҪܶʹࡣ
Ǿ䡰·ˡԺĽϣû͹һѪҺһϰΪʺûС
Ľ·ˡ
ʱ˵ʲôС
ϡԽЦеӭȥ
ĽϣΪԽ£ȻҲҪǰ
ĿĽϣϣֻһ벻ʱ䣬תƵԽϣԽС㡣
ǸæˣգգּգôգԸŲһó׵ڵˣԽȤĻв䡣
ɫ糣ϲĮȻصԽСôá
ʱ̽ԴüĽϣС
Ľϣˣü䣬ʾӦ
źۼɨĽϣԽһ°ڡ
˵ĹϵѾô
ס򦣬Ƶܣĵ׵ĳȱʧʲôҪ롣
ϵʹۣʹסøַʽ⣬Ψϵʹҩʯҽʱ䶼޷ߡ
ǿҪĳ嶯ǿԵĽĿƿԽڵӵԽСߵ˹ͬ̽顣
˵̽飬żк࣬ϾһԱ˴˼仹ɻ䡣
⼸գó׵ֵϵ˶˺ܶ࣬ƺƵһȺ˳ȥȻעĿϰЩʱգôˣҲûʲôĺ䶯
Ȼһ𣬵мܱŰ׵ľ룬־ˮˮĴ
ĽϣԽУʱʱСЩʲôӷĽǶȿȥңʮĸսɵµģ
֪Խ˵ЩʲôĽϣߵĻȡһֱûȥ
ֻؿţ麣ڣ໥УռݼϷ磬ǽԭڷıѹŴ
ͬʵУĽϣһٶҷķѰֶٰΣٵõԷ򵥵һۡ
ʧ˦Ӱӣһδεĸ߷ʵֻܱĽܣʲôҲˡ
ʲôȿİ֮˺˽Ϊ£ָʹࡣʲôİ֮˾ǰȴܴ˸е
ǳһƬУ˲׹ʧظкϢУ͡
Űģ㳤ʱĽעĽϣϣÿһĽϣԽĻһ֧شڣŤתŽͷĸѪ졣
ʱ࿴ȥˡ
šעԾɷĽϣϡ
ɲʲôʱ಻СڸԽĽϣ
ԽʱؿĽϣȻɨȥ
۵׵仯ţΪһ̲ˮСȵҡҡͷʵʵ˵
Ҳǡʱͷ۵ذס̫Ѩ
֪˾ó׵ڣƫƫҲǺҲˣԳҲҲȥЦ
ԽСʲô𣿡ʱཫ׸Խ
̧ˣǶ޴ӷ֣οңԽƤЦⲻЦ
ϾԽСҪϤġ̬ȴݡ
ԽЦûٽӻ
ΪԲģǧΪ뾶Ƿֿһ㣬ϸϸ̽顣º͵ضĵӵ
ǣϡڵӷ׷
Խ룬Ҳ´˸ָͬ
һʱ䣬Χ˶ɢֻĽϣˡ
Ľϣƽػܣ߲ӹʱҲ⣬ؿһ

ˣϣҵõһ֧ϺõĽԪظ档ԽĿռƾȡһ֧
ֽɫÿ̵СĴĥһ̬Ļ䣬Ǻţ֦ҶΪʢһ䣬ϷǶһʵģȷɫΪıʯ
ڱʯڲתģǽԪء
ǻԼݸ֮Խ˵߽ĽϣͷƶȥȶһЦʺ㡣
Ľϣϵصͷӹһ󣺡Һϲлл㡣
ǻеĿԽŨ񣬷ۣϵ֧ķҫ£ˮԶеԺͰԡ
ʶִ̧֧ˮԪطָǴ㣬һ˳ż׵¡
ԽСºܺáʱЦŵ
Խֲ˼ǹάģš̲أϲȻ¸߰
ϲһǵںٳԵĽϣ࿴Խ¡
ڵճȭ
ϡ̽һȦһΧõ󷨣ûи֪˵Ĵڡ
⣬ɷʲôʱʡ
ҡҡͷɫأ
֪Խ⣺Ѿ̽顣
ʱ಻ÿɷ
⣬Ѹղ̽ĵط̽һ顣ʱ
գ۾䲻⣬Ӧá
ԽúЦȻûУαٴ̽顣
ҲЦˣԽ˵ĻΪӣԵء
˵գԭ·أʼڶ̽顣
ʱϾؿޣ𣬱뱾£츳ߣӿʣԱڵĻʱ̷ϡ
ۺõģġᷴҲ֪ڲẦʱ뿪ıӰǳűһء
Խʼ磺˵иõӡ
ԽС˵Цˡʱࡣ
Ľϣ޲ĵöɫָ̣£ѵ΢ۡò۽֪δ


60 
ʱԽڵĵǵһȺɨȻûܷʲô
Ȼǰһʱ΢΢ҡͷûҵ˵ټ
áʱ಻⡣
һߣ̽ҲˣԽüҰѯʡ
Ϊ׵һҡͷ
Ҳûʲô֡ԽǳЦ
ǰʱ
һȺ˼ǰߣŲ޶˼ػĽгŻҳʱĻɸС
Ӧãôһ˿˵Ϣ֪Ŀռȡ֮ǰö꣬дģ˵ϢûİʧΪޡ
ôˣʱľٶʡ
ö꽻ʱ࣬ýܾãʲôط©ˡ
һǾϰٴŲ飬ûбŲ鵽©ġ
뷨ûŲʱͲԹָоԽǿҡ
ɵ׻ֵطܱ˹ͬѡԵġ
ʱö꣬ϸ˼˷ϿɵصͷԵȷܴ󡣡
϶ˡԽȻ˽
ʱ̸ཻСɱϾ֮ˣ֮ãټԽǶˣԵһʱ˵ĶԻ
ó׵㼸ˣ©ĵطԽس
ѰﴦҲ𣿡üƽָͣĦָڣҲѰ𣿡
Խɫ˲ӦȻѰﴦ;ûзŹϻʲô𣿡
ûˡ΢
ƳվԽĽϣ߲¶ɫض룬麣һʹУƿĿ⡣
ܸоŮ˵޵ɨԼĽϣֻûע⵽ԹԵصͷԼĴڸС
ŲУӲ˶ãŹҲΪԽµݡ
ԽԷ˵Ų೤ʱ𣿡
ٶó׵Ų꣬ҪʱԽ
Ľϣš
˼Ĵڿ˵Ļʱסһ˲漴ǻƤԼٶȣתš
ĽϣԽĹϵѾ׽زǰµش
ĽϣĿ⣬˿ڷ⣬ȫǰԽϣ˿ߣ۵Ľ˵Ķ뷨
ϡǰյʱͷ
šʱӦ
ԷɨһߵԽˣˣѰﴦ;Ų˶ó׵ڵˣԽڵĵӲȥҪҪŲһ顣
ڷ麣Уܶ˵õһ麣ڱڴܶͬϸСĵƬĴ̽ȥ
ҵʹ÷ɫϵѪɫ˲ɢͽһƬҰסʶסʱֱۣ֧塣
ʱᵽɤۣʱ޷ֳܱһ˿쳣
麣˵Ĺأҧס⣬ǻѪζźۼزתԽĽϣˡ
ԣֱӴھͺáʱഫԵͬʱԽڵӣһɴڱڣҪϵ˼
䲻ԣǷ׷׻ǡ
ɫѪɫع飬תлؿʱࡣ
ʱ򴽲
Ǳߵ˿ΣȻ˵û̽鵽һûСʱԡ
ԣԲٶ˵ʲô˻ȥ
Խ˰۵ĲµԽڵļҲڴ
ĽϣԽڶԷָʾ£ɻؿڵλãÿŮתȥǡ
֪ǲǴǸɲǼ䣬һʹࡣѭ⣬ҪϸʱŮתϵһʼĲ
ǴĽϣ
ЦԼУȻȥһڶ˵Ǹ·ˡˡ
ҪԽ˵ʲôʱĿⴥ벻Զ˶ϣ˰룬ĽϣջߣֻСͣġ
̫İĮȻһ˿ӵУòƽģٶˡ
ŮȾϼֲ֪Ĵ㲣ָ⼱еص㶯ҪֻȲ࣬ʲôҲˡ
ľظһȺǰߡ
ϣ㡣ԽͻȻ뵽ʲôؿĽϣ֮ǰʶʲô˽ӴȽƵ𣿡
Խĵط֣˵ҵʲô
죬ֻͬһطΡĽϣʵʵҵʱܹҲ棬ɼԷǸСׯҲʱ˵ʲôСӵ¡
СӣԽü
ţûж˵ġĽϣ
ǸСӦþǵһͬȥѰﴦҪ谲ȫˣѾɱˣΨһߵҲڲú󣬱Ľϣһ
ðɡвͨԽֻܷ
Ȼ˵ĶԻʱһɵֱţʲôļ俪ʼա
塣
֪СʱÿζֻҪҲǹ˭ҲҡΥģ𣬡֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ȥԺеĻԾԶš
ţΪʲô׵ķϵѯʡ
ΪҿԶڱ˵Ůſϣؿڶڿϣ˭벻ɡ
ȷС
ʵ˶˪еڱ˵ʬֶĵ£ҿɲ
Ůӡ
С£أڱ˵ʬ
ǰŮȤ˸߲ҵغֻͣܲͬ˵ʬҲˡ
˵⣬ŮЩˣĲ𣿡
⡣Сů
𽥹ģ֮䣬š
ǰ̽һ顣ͣĳԽ
ԽС㡣͵𣬡ģ
ڼ٣Χ˷׷׳ȥĽϣǿȥֻԾƽ޲
˵Ļվɤ
ԽðȻ㵽ĲŷӦ̫Ѩε𴽣´κʱ㣬ҵ׼ʱ䡣
Цеؿڣˣú󣬲Ѿ𣿡
ڻҪʲô
ǣ˵ǣڵʬ׷ʣԼǸνСӣǵʬģ
ʱҲû׷ΪͻȻҪ봫ǰѯһ뵽Է麣ˣӲͷ
ˣҲܸ֪ġ
ǵʬ壿ƺɨ飬ԽԹʣתͷˣ
ó׵ߵĵؽ磬ǸķãǰΪ׵һλ˵ҲûзŹŲˡ
ϡԽͷ
ǵʬأָ˴ݵģص
ǵʬҲҪŲ飿ԽЦ
֣Ψһܲ˵ģֻĿռ䣬һô֮ӦĿռҲһ
ʣĿռ䶼ûˣҪβˡ


61 
ó׵ߣó׵Ϊ֮أӲݴìȥΥó׵涨ˣ⡣
УŸõģѪȣ˶ĵϢ
ӲУΪʱŲԵʣӲ߳һһ׿С·
ǰĸﴫζŻĽϣʶ̧֣ʳָڱǼ⣬ǿǹϢѹȥ
ɨۿΧһȺˣ˵ı鱻סòԽڵǴ࣬׷סڱǡ
Խ΢УЩססߵĽϣϢ
ϣҪԹ𣿡Խʡ
ǵأַΧ£Ҳûгһ˿ı飬ûʹϢ
ʱỽ
šתͷԽڵӵ˵ʬƳ
˱ּΪѣ໥һۣǰ벽ϣǲ֪˵ݡ
̫ңһ߾ߵȥ֪Ҫ˷Ѳʱ䡣
תƵԽϣͣԽС㡣
Խ죬ֱ̧ǰһӣǰڸ˶̧߻δȫܵģǰ
Ľϣɫغ˰벽

ʱͷȥδʲô쳣
Խ±ӣе㷴θƿĿ⣺ϵϽֶŹŲ顣
ӣָſһֻľĿռͳ
ľβ˵סһߵؿڣָһɫӡӡ
Χ˺ؿĶĽϣһԣӿŷĶüĲԾ
Ů˵֣ôմȾۻ֮¡
Խڵĵǿȥǿ𾴵ģ߸ϣ¡
Զһۣ˹ͬǰӭ˱ǵĿߵ࣬Ҫӹеľϣ£ͺá
˶٣ް
ֱĬˮľָ⻬䣬ڵƬ̺󣬵ȥ
ƫתͣһԽڵϣκ󣬴һĨģĻȣȾ˺ı⣬˲󡣡
ʱյ壬ǱҪٶ
յλһϰ󷨵ĵӣ˳վλͬ󷨡
ԽüЦ˲δҲ̫˰ɡ
Խڵˣһ
ԽмƲ죬תͷĽϣġ
ϣпܶ𣿡Խº˻
ɡĽϣ˼
ܵУǰࡣοĽϣƳŮûаյ¡
Ȼ˵˿ܻ⣬Ȼݡ
ֻǣ޷ӡ
һƾնŴһռλ˵󷨹
ֺɵ󷨣Ľϣټδ˹ͬ󷨡
ȴȫɣ˺ʱ
ϣѾϡ
ͷȴǶԽ˵ģԽС㣬ѰλԪصʿһ
Խ˳ǣɲԽҲлԪصĵӣ滹Ц̣λԵġ
ʱ߳λ
ף󷨸λã
˵ȴԽ´ָƫںĽϣģûע⵽һĻ
ϣҺѰй󷨵ĹżȻȥȥѰﴦҸáԽĽϣʱ̬º͵أ˵ʱǰﺬǿƻ򼥷
ĽϣעǱ߷飬סҪԽж£ǣһߡҪʾʱȴڲײ޲ĿС
Ůü۱ʱĮƺû뵽ͻȻкԵĳ㶵ˮӿһһȦȦ
βﺬЦ
Ľϣ£ɫƿ
еǹ⣬һͬعһ̲õˮ
ԽԶĽϣԴĻԽ
ţôˣԽɻ
ڵ㡣Ľϣ
ԽʶʲôεعһĨЦޱǸ֮ضһߵԽ˵˼ͷˣϷˣôվţ
ɫˮˡ
ʱǻڲ֪Щʲô
ǡӦȥվڷָλϡ
⣬󷨣ó׵ĶλԪʩЩϡƽû
ǡǰ
ó׵λӿŨصĻԪ˵ʬȥͬʱָϲ󷨣ָ½ѹϡ
Ȼ˲䣬һȦλó׵˸УԵɢϸ΢ϡ
Խ۾ɫƵضó׵׼
Ľϣͷ
ᡣؿڶʹԵش⡣
֪⽫
һսϢһźڵŵϣʲôҪ
ԽüĽ
ԽڵĵܶȥγһΧȦԴڰУն˺ҪϷ·ߡ
ʱࡣͻ
ʱȻɢƬռ֡
Ľϣһŵĺ΢΢ȡ
ĪǶ˵
ɻ֮ʣ𣬶ȥһϲϸϸܵķ϶ʱбĿԡ
ǱʶҪּ̧ӹ̣ȴҪڳָ˲ͣס
δֺ֣αӹ̡
ķ϶ؿ
΢ҡͷʾùܡ
һʱܿȥɳһʼĺ⣬ûб֡Խӵ˻ᣬʲôûˣʼ磺жϳˡ
еأԽС㲻ļ
ҲԽּ̧䣬ӳ֣˰벽Ьϣ£ϣϢᡣ
Ľϣ£ҡҡͷ
Խǿ
Է˸ۣߵֹͬСԽʵȫйģ϶վš
ͬԽڵӵͬ顰šҪ˫ɡ
ԡغ档
ǡڰеԵ
Խص֧ΰѣֻû
ĽϣȻԵӣԲ˵ʲôֻεظԷ˸ʦ㣬
ԵĻŴŶ
Ľϣ
ֹ룬ԵĴٴδֻǿϡԽƾŰǰ£áɵ꣬Խڵǰ棬ߵģƾʲôҪǡ
Уô𾴣һ㶼ԵĴ쳹麣С
Ľϣͣʣһоû
УֺûС
ԼʲôУֻǣԽʱųġ
Ů˵ݺԥָٵȲ࣬΢ζòʱһ߶
С֡Խߴ
ʱ˵ͻȻһҵ죬˵
ɫأֱʱϡߵĲµĿռС
⣬ԡ˻ء
ԴԽڵæ˻أλ˸˳ռʵʣ׽ռ䡣
һ̣ʮӰŤسڽռڡ


62 
ĿռУɫϢǰʱŤӰΪʵʣչ¶ò
Ľϣȵ΢죬˼ؿŲԶռڵˡ
ȺȻҲû뵽뵽Ƕڴ˵أûüӦͱĿռ䳹װ޿ӡ
Ľϣ̧ۿվһķŮ˲Խϵذ۾Ťͷĵ˵Щʲô
ĻԽ͵شվָȺˣǶڳ鴤˵
ÿɷ
ϣһ־ҵˡԽЦЦⲻ
ʱࡣͷõӰϵˡ˵ſԽݲȵأԽСϵĺá
Խû˵ʲô
ԽڵǰȺ֣ͼڵʵѡ˸ȺеȼߵĴǰ
ϻһ˿ƣ
ĽϣüűѹŹˣɢܲˡڱȻû˷֮
Ŀ˳˱ѺĲһ·浽ǰ
ǰȻʱ¶ԷͻȻѣƵǰ벽гֵķӦʱ䣬ڷǰγһߡ
ԽϣڿʱԱ䶯һ˲
üʶ𣿡
峣걻ڻ⣬ʹǵ֣Ҳֻ޲ϵʱ֡ʱֻΪ˽˪ƳϽ硣
֮⣬˼
ǰλȻ׼ȷؽг
Ŷ𡣡ԽĽϣߵλ࣬Цſ⣬Զﰡ
ƽɨ
㻰أưˡԽʵӵš
ӾǿŷϿɻǵ
Ȼӡ
ʱԽӵĻʱ˵Ǹһ˿졣
ĽϣǱ仰Ūͷԡ
ֿʼϽˣʱӵĻʵ
ЦһԾɶŷϣ
ǴȫָӦϣϴơԶӵʻһһ٣ƽȻϽ緢һֵ֡
ѡó׵ΪӪҲΪǾö𣿡˵ʱָ߲ǰһ֡
ϻδشҵ⡣ƺķ׼ǵò
ǵΣǵΡǳ
ϲ֪𣿡ЦһβȾ͸Ѫĺ⣬ĺ档
ȥͺáתû˵¡
ҪĿıҵó׵ˣҵˣҲͲҪˡ
ڹڹĻӼҪߣæա
ꡱ
һĽֱͷȥδĻϡ
˪ֱͻ΢΢
ȻⱻһĨɫĹεסδ˵ӷֺţһѪɫԲ԰е䣬űߡ
ӵУԽڵӷУԶͷҹ̽
ԽʶʲôǴ˸˺ԽڵͬĶ
Խ伸䣺λϻְڶʱ̹ϵĻ
δ䣬öѪɫԲðŨҵɫϢעʶһƮӰǰ
ڿ˵ʱʱԽ˲תʱҪơ
ĽϣɻǰֵŮˣںڵĳйں󱳣һϮϺɫΪŮЩұʡׯϣǶУƲۡ
ɢŨϢη壬ƫƫŮĵЦݡ
ìֵܸ쾡¡
ˣ˭Ľϣԡ
һߣڿŮ˺󣬹ػ
ŮתȥɨѹŵԼԶסȺˣ̾Ϣһôôûá
Ů˻лŨЦ⣬ƺȺ˱ץ⡣
ŮתߣǰϣţߵЦˣ۵˴ˮᣬƺ͸ղ˵ǰ㣬ࣺþò
ӱýأһ˲˲ǰˣ˪
˪졣
Ľϣ鼮м֡
˵Ĺй˷ĻĽϣԺǰλ˵Ļ
˺ͷʲôϵ˵Ͻ֮ˮ𣿶ң˺ͷ˵ʱ񣬸˵ĸоǳòġ˼Żеġ
Ľϣ޶˱һֻεĴס
㻹ǵҡ˪ЦˣϸΧһȦĹȴΪεƣ޷ȫ̽
ޱؿ˪
㻹Ǻǰһġ˪ڷղ⡣ʱ˱ģ񣬻ģõĺܡ
˪ϴҧгݵһ͵سն
˪ĵ̧֣λζһʶԶ㿪Խȫһ
سԽȥڱ϶Է˭κ˪ջߣҺ˵㻹ûʸ롣
ԽĿѣҪٶ࿳
ֻһʶɢҲûáʱഫԽ֪ԷڶȻĻ˳ʹһԭأ׷Ҫ˵ʲô
Խãſҡ
ʱ򴽣
˪ѹȸйǿңһʶĽϣȲסΡ
޵󷨣ʿǰǿ
ҪΪ˪ѹվȣҪ֮ʣһЯߺɢԭȵǹѹ
Ľϣʶؿɺβûǰǰ㣬ϡ
е㲻רġ˪ľٶ˳ɲǼ֪ȥ
ĽϣŮ˵رܡ
һסĽϣ󣬽嵲ס˪Ŀ̽
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ѪɫԲеάʶ̫ã˪ź³һͷǣҪ˼ǵպǻͺá
ܡܾ
Ⱥˣ봦
˪ǲµ˷̬Ȱ㣬Ц⣺֪㲻ŹǡɣĲںȺ𣿡
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ʱʱ࣬˪̬ҲΪͣƫͷȻ˼
˪Ӱ𽥱ģؿŷü䣺´μ
ţһ죬ҵġϣ죬̫á̾˪ӰʧƬء
ͬʱ˪վĵط档
㡣һеˣԽǰ̽ȥ૵ػ˻ĴУ㡣
ʱڿһеʱ
ϵѪɫ̼ɢȥ
Խڵڽ⿪кֻһ仰Ⱥ˹Ѻ׼˼


63 
ó׵ߣԭߵĵؽ磬գȴӭһաֻǿһ޵Ĺ죬һ˵
֮ǰ˪ӰվĵطѻΪˮ˫ֵ㲨Եӿͷ
Ȼһ룬ǰͻȻܹһӰһתĳĲϡٶȼ죬ͻأʱ඼ûܵһʱ䷴Ӧ
ѾȫѺû˻뵽ͻ״
Խʲôʱû뵽ԽͻȻѣɴ۾ʡ
ĽϣһƬãȻ֮УȻĻǣҪֹԽѾˣֻܱؿŰѱƷļ
һʱ䣬쳹Ƭռ䣬Խڵӷ׷׼ԽΧм䡣
ó׵˵ȫԽˡ
ֻеˣƽޱȵشŲϵĳ̵ؽë۾գȻزš
ʹѹסܵĲԡӽķ⣬ܿһƺɫ
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һֱΪĽڵʱѾȥˣڸղţ˪ʱµŻУһӰĽ㡣
ǲ˵㻹ţֻǱһ뵽ֲյĵط꣬Խ۵
еҪȻҲףʵΨһģֻǰλ
Ȼ˪ԶԷл룬ô÷н飬һ˵˪㡣
𣿡ƤǳɫͫеӳԽ˿̵ݣƺǱ˵ЦˣϸֳЦ
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һˣĽϣл˼顣ȽԽֲ֪أŪ˷
ΪԼҽڣΪԾɴں׶ΣΪԽϵĵ£ҪԼְ
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64 
֪ˣʱûȥ£һ㵥ģѪҺ͸¹۲˿ڣ֪㶯ʲô
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պܵʹ𣿡ĽϣЦһУȳ䶨Լ̽Ѱࣿ
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65 
ռ䰲룬Ľϣڷ棬Ů˳ɿش£ֱ䣬ջΪЭ
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66 
ҧ´һ˲˲ǰŮˣҩ֭뼡΢Ůָ΢һͬؿڵļ
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ĽϣعӣŮ˵۾ѯʡ
˵Ҹʵ顣ССģŲɴίּᶨѶԷͲġ
Ľϣգգۣ˿ֿ˿Է֣ˣƴȥ㵹ˮȣո˵̫໰
ȵˮ󴽡
Ҳȡô뿪ˣֱӾܾ
㴽еɡĽϣӵ
ĬƬָ̣Ľϣϻ䣬վǰţȥ˲衣
˵գĽϣעߵһߵķϡ
ĽϣؿŮ˵Ķָ࣬촽䶯Ҫ˵ʲôһʱֲ֪˵ʲô
Ŀȫͻʡ
Ů޳ιϸ⿴Ӱۡ
ŷˮȻˮת
Ůϵ˺ܶУƽ˿ĸоĽϣ²麣תԭ
ǵãսŲõʱʦ˵ΪԭĮȻƽ͡
ţȷô¡
Ҫ𣿡һȥ
ллĽϣҲȡ
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㲻˵û𣿡ĽϣЦ
ҲЦˣЦЦţһסЦ⣬ȷʵϣ㵱治𣿡
Ľϣɫһ٣š
ĵع𴽣ʣµĲˮ
ȥ޲ϣôĽϣͻȻʡ
Ȼ뻤ϵ϶ߣ޸󷨣᲻ḶĴۻٺܶࡣĻƳǰŮˣȥǲҲԡ
̵Ľë˳ֽ豭һߣڸסйС
ôĽϣ־أôĽϣܵ˺
޵󷨣޲϶˵̫ˡԼĻشڿ϶֪زһ仰ͨĽϣȫͷ
𣿡ĽϣͷЦݲҲԣѾԽڵˣ£ȷûϵˡ
ոȸԾ˲ֵȥǰôˣĽϣѾԽڵˣѰﴦˣԽġ¡
ٶȻεԺУƽĺ˲ȵƣָ֧Ĵ󲿷
̽ʵĿ󣬷õĺ֪ΪΣָɵۣϰԵ´Ŵʾ䣬ʣģǵϣ˵ϣԽΪ¡
Ů˲ŵشͷδԼӦûǸϵߣʲôʸվĽϣߣ뵽Ľϣߵ˲Ʋסǹɬ
ðĽϣѵ˵˼ЦЦشӦ
ͬ⣬ŵ̧ͷϸĹ㣬ӳĵŮ˶˼
ĽϣĨ¶סԾؿԷͬ¶ɬ˼ͶԷǰ㣬˹ȥ
ȵĺϣĽϣʧ־
ֹסס񣬻Ϊ˱鷿Ǿ䡰˫ֻЦⲻ۵ףƾʲôأ
סƾʲôȻһʱش𲻳ڵûκȨĽϣѡ񣬿ɡ
ۣؽ̬ŵͣŵٵͣ㡣
ɤＷ֡
Ľϣţ塣
㡣࣬Ľϣ
֪ĽϣôģǵҪҪǰߣ˵ǺߣҲ⡣
֪ĽϣԼ˵ģһ㶼ˣ¶ҪиܵĹ̡ԸĽϣĿʱ䣬ԸĽϣҪһС
νˡ
϶˵ˣҲٶҪ󡣡Ľϣסͷ¶ۣĮغ˰벽һԽ˵µġ
㲻ϲԽģ԰ɡ϶ص
ϲô׾ʹӦĳֱڵ˵뷨ڷԺСҹ²⣬ʵޱȵ顣
ĽϣԽʼնûнΪµĴ㣬֮䣬ӦǴĳֺ
ĽϣΪ˶ԽĽϣô֮ǰ
ܣؿڱһôҲ˳һ
ǡѾ̹УȻҲûҪȥԷЩʵʵ˵ҺԽȷûǷĹϵ
𣿡ɬһЦΪҪ𣿡
ǡز׽¶ıߣĽϣĲ̵ظı˻ͷֻ֮һԽҪһʵĵѡ
վ޷Էȫôȫݵ֮ǰΪҪ׼УԲŶ⡣֪У֪ⱾԼΣΪ˾Ѿ˺ۣôġ
еʱĽϣԼǲŰ򣬲ȻôŮÿ˵ʱ򣬶ֹסֹۣסҪġ
Խԭ򡣡Σյ۾ô֪Ǩת֮µģҲԽģ
ìͷָԽó׵ڣҲֻԽܸĽϣ£ֻǣõ󷨣ʱ඼֪ʲô󷨣Խ֪ġ
֪Խ߶õĴڡ뵽⣬м
㡣ĽϣĿռȡǱ󷨹żڷ̽Ŀ·¼׼󷨺Ǩת󷨵Ǽҳݵǰ͵ⱾżϿġҼǵǨת󷨵Ĵ²֣ڹżϿĵһ۾˳
ϵ츳һֱܺáʵؿ佱
Ͻ̵úáĽϣʶӵ
㻹ԸΪʦ𣿡źܿӻ
һ˶סˣĽϣԽ˲˵仰ʱָպôżйǨת󷨵˵
Ľϣͣڡߣʶ麣֮࣬ߣ޴档ļϡ
ǱسһӣĽϣͫ׷ŴָסֽҳָͷǰαѹһףƵ档
ĽϣͷͬʱĬղĶûٴο˵õİʹƬռһƬ졣
Ҫ˵ʲôգֶĽϣǷԸٶȰΪʦĴһ˿ϣ
ӵϣܺĽϣص֮ǰʲôûзʱĽϣԾ۵Ķ
ѷ켴ʹǿ޸Ҳ޷Ĩڵĺۼ
ֻܼϣڣѷ죬Ӱˡ
һеľȨĽϣУֻбܣҲֻܱһɵĿ
ܹѹֵķΧĽϣգ۾ºãȻ̧ͷŲһ֮ŮˣѰﴦˡ
ϵصͷ
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Ľϣʲôʱʼϲ˵һˡ
ҪҪ£ٸҵʱ俼ǡĽϣûѻ˵̫
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Խб£ֽɵĹżó׵㾹ȻҲСޱ˵š
ôҪⱾż𣿡Ľϣʡ
ƵĽ֮ó׵УԽҲУֻҪ˼޹Խڲ֣Ҹܡҡͷ
ĽϣͷϿɡ
Խô꣬кܶطӡõǰеĶǲգʮа˾ţйظֽ֮¡
˼£˽ӴĹżջأȴվǰײ䣬ĽϣҪˣȴĶסˡ
ԼһΪ˷㿿ţ·Լˡ
վԭأ֪ΧйĽϣϢȻףʱӦúˣʱˣԺ󣬻ôغĽϣദ
ȷȷĽϣ᲻ԭ
Ƹ۵ľģֵסĽϣŵĶϣԷȦڱУ߼ǣϣ㻹ϲ𣿡
ʵǡϲ𣿡
ѿڶ֮ʣǻ˸
᲻ϲڵˡ
Ľϣƫͷߴǳɫӹڷؿǰϣڷ˫ǳɫģֻӳһ˵ͫС
ͬʮǰǰ㣬ܿƵȥŮŵ˼Լ֪кìܣһͬ
̾ϢţĲϲˡ


67
Ĳϲˡ
ͬһ׺ݺڷϣĽö㲻ʣŮ֧Ľϣϵֱȣڸǣ¶ɫ
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ϰ¸ɬĴ䶯紵ɢڿлĽϣĶУá
δһͿôйĽϣƤ£۽ϸָ£һ𣬰ֱϡ
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ϣҪõʱ䣬ӦŮʵֱ׶ϡ
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ꣿȻȥˣ΢ŴҪʲôת뵽ʲôӲɵĻȥƵصͷһȡ
޲ϣҲʱˣܵԤһҲܻĽϣһƬɡ
ֻǡ
˼ػر仯ϡ
Ľϣ˷еĳɣͷס󣬽Լ࣬˹ѯʣոʲô
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Ľϣǰˣ̧Է֣ĵ·ָ˳һġߡ
Ľϣľٶ۵׵ڸĲȷڿƲסҲٿƣһֻȲסĽϣȫԼС
֪ͻȴޱȰĵ
ĽϣŮ˵ľٶס
ұһᡣͷĽϣϣů󣬡һͺá
̵ʵټ¼һЩһЩܹڽζУĻ֡
Ľϣ֣˷ϣŮӵ뻳Уѵõأ͵ǷݶʮǰеС
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ʱһֹͣ۾ͷɵزŮ˵ĲĽϣЩ΢΢ͷϷС
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ʱվűߣԭܣҲ޷̽Щʲô
Ƴⲽֻϣ˼ĽܹЩҪǰǰ㣬ÿζǲɢҲˣʹ÷˺ѵ˿ڼӾ硣
еʱʱҲ޷˾Щʲôزĺ̽ദʱĳ̬
һűעģƫƫӲĸʲôƵģʲôԸߡһҪģмŵǷǷǣ޷һ
ʱ䣬εĽ̸Ҫܶ࣬˵㣬ĽϣӦޱسҵڴ߲Ŷԡ
뵽⣬ʱ°͵̧Դ
Լһʲô
ٶ߻طסǰԥҪҪſʱ򣬽ղķŴһ죬ĽϣŴ򿪡
ʱʶĽϣı顣
ţޱ顣ıˡ
а̾Ϣһʱ̬ǳׯصģĽϣ߳ȴŶԷк߾
Ľϣ泯ʱࡣ
ߵ˵ͷ
Ľϣڴк󣬲ûаʱǰ뿪վűߣתӣһֻ֣סſסˡ
ʱǰעĽϣϣδע⵽վŵˡ
ƼĽϣһͬʱ಻ŵգգ۾˱ת
ʱ̽ػҪͷڷǰΪޣ°΢΢ѯʷʲô
䴽ĿĽϣջأůҺϣ׼ȥ𴦿
ĽϣвĳĽϣ֮ǱڵϵƺЩ˵ĻҲЩ
Ӳʹɳó׵Ҳǰ취ĽϣڲδԽڵӣ޷˳ػš
ΪԽϣڵĹҪصġ
ֲĽϣֿȥ𴦿õѡ;̽̽ϽطǷ˵ټ
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ҪüӸ𣿡ʱൣ·Ϸ鷢
ްҡͷϣչ˺ҡ
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ڵ壬ܲ˴麣𶯣ĴҴܡʱ
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ϣҼӣȥʰ¶ڵĶࡣ
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á
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˵ˣͲˡ
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ʱһ˼˷е˼УĽϣűߡ
ʱֳ̧½ͬʱ૵ĲҪˡ
׼еľųȻҷֳĽϣֿʣµһɣв˶ϣ
ûٽӻųˣϸ΢Ļȡ
ֻҪĽϣʲôĸԸ
Ľϣ򵥽ԼĶʰ꣬ӾڳͶϷ˫ŴˮӡһģǼӿ˵ģֲ
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ʱͷߣԽò˽ˡת뿪ȥԽ˵£ʱĽϣ
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ʱ౳ˣ죬λζʧĽϣͷС
뿪ǰһ룬Ϊ˺ͺöеˣ뵽йػϺ£
ֻϣһչƽ
ʱ뿪󣬾ֻʣĽϣͷˡ
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ظĽϣӱߡ
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һаáġ
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Ҫ𡣡һ̲ˮüۺЦעĽϣ׷ʣ𣿡


68
Ҫʲô𣿡Ľϣԣע⵽üɫʱԼµʲô䣬ֲּȻĺɫƫͷ׵ӣҸȡ棿
޲΢΢ҡͷԡ
Ľϣ룬ԲΪԷ˼ʱ䡣ԸΪĽϣϣܹöԷĸԸ
ȥʡ
ɡĽϣ
ǵһκͷȥĵطȻΪҼӹ̾
ŵķҲʱġ
Ѿȥôꡣ
áͷ
麣ڴһ󲨶ʱ෢ĴĽϣס
ǱѾԽͨˡĽϣݸ֪ϡŮ˶£һ㣬ԽͬȺ˴ߡ
ָһûһµû棺ˣá߰ɡ
ôվסķ䣬̤ȥٴ˿
ھѰﴦʱĽϣٴμԽԷؿվһǽǰѰﴦڽˡԽ࣬յǵվڶԷ࣬οʲô
ڿĽϣͷһͬʱԽ޹ͫгϸ΢Ĳֱͦ壬ǿ´ϣĽϣ
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ĽϣԽ߿ȥ
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ĽϣŹˣڷǰ̬ȹŵˣôǫ
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Цһ
ʱͣĳǳϿգĽϣѰ˸˵ٿŻԪϽ䡣
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ĽϣӿռȡǮңŷߵߣҪʲôġ
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Ϊ㵱İʦ
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Ҳ֪𣿡Ľϣ档
ԷݣȥﶼܵߵǺһ㣬ŽֵߵСʳй䡣
˿ݡ
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˵ҹڳĿյر߷ǧֻݣΪİ֮ԸǱ߼ˣٲȥվĵطûСԶе˵Ůӵ뿪ƮԶ
첻Ѿ𣿽컹ҪţȵҰͬеŮ
춼ûλãһҪѰλá

յأݣü¿еɽ髣ȥ𣿡
ðĽϣҲ£ֻ˵Żδŷģңҹŷݣ¿𣿡
Ҳǡһɽذ׵ָſյǩӣЦѵһ
˳һͬȥճţƼ۳һŵȺǰȥ
Ų£סߵĽϣⱻɢˡ
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ؿڵ˲֪ûϣǱѹٴ˺ѾͲˡ
뿴𣿡ʡ
塭Ľϣü
ްõġļһůϣ˼ӱײĽϣϿȥûô
Ľϣɲš
Ҳ뿴
Ľϣգ۾Эң𱻼ˡ
޵˵ĽӴΧ˴඼ͨˣʹǱƿҲ
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Ľϣͷͬʱ̧ͷ
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ȱߵݳޱ޼ʵĺҹȥ
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Ĭ룬ŮҪۿߵˣĽϣ̽ߣ΢ôˣ
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ϣһľ̾סĽϣָ֣Ϣ̽Էָ䡣
ĽϣͦðֱƳ˽յ֣ǱַΧȾؿԼ֡
ĳ
߰ɡĽϣ
ɢߣųǳһԵϪλƵɢ
΢棬ĽϣǵļĨ鷢÷𣬶鷢ڶġ
Ľϣе̧𣬽鷢Ƶ
ˡĽϣ
š
˳ҹɫ뿴ݣ˷ܵȺͬڣ˴ջϢ
𣿡Ľϣ׼ҩ֭ʡ
áɢ֧ӣעĽϣĶؿڵλã˿Ӧˡ
ô𣿡ĽϣȡոͿĨҩ֭ʱǴѪģĿ
ͷӦҩ֭лѪҺ
ĽϣѪҺмõ޸
Ľϣ׼ҩ֭Ķͣ£Ϳһɡ
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ҩ֭׼ã˼ԼѪҺĽϣһһҩ֭
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𣿡ʡ
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ͬڵһεѪɫ˿̵ļϸ壬ΨǴ˿ڴδϵĺۼ
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ô⡣ѡ
šĽϣģﲻ𣿡
䴽˶Ū˵˼ԥģðβŵ͵͵麣еۡ
麣Ե𣿡Ľϣ浣ӿڷϣҿ
û쳣Ľϣϸϸ֪һδʲôԼⷽ治óҴ
ۡס
ĽϣĵķӦġ
šЦˡ
Ůüǳɫͫ״ڵħһعġ
δŮŪģĽϣͲᶨٴοԼٶȳ١
ͫУŮ˲ϷŴ׺͵ǳЦԼʱϵȺ
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ĽϣԼǰ˵֡
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ͷĽϣ°͵ֳԼķԷصȴ
ʦ𡣡ûڴ.ݼ䡣
֯ļ϶סĽϣĲĴָס򦣬ȶԷ̧ͷЦвռ.е.бʲô
ʦ𡣡ĽϣУòʹõԳƴ̼ͷըѣظʦʦ𡣡


69 
Ľϣŷϸǵʧǻڵ屻ȥŮǿӲסĲǰ
˫ֳķ֣ǿ֧סӣˤϥǱýģϰȴǰŮ˳㵹ơ
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ϣһ£ָĽϣ´Ỻţ.΢΢β೤𡣡
Ľϣǻһֱδջأĸָ棬ĴָĦĶСȵضš
ĽϣһʱỹûرƿţҺС¹ˣëʪճһ
´
ٽбһδȫָϸָĽϣϵ鷢ȻָһȦһȦ
Ľϣʶ´ʶ£
˫һԡ
صȴš
ǻлдŮ˵ϢĽϣⶥ¿ǻڲճĤ㣬ʿˮְ̧ס鷢֣ոա
жϣĽϣ֪˵ЩʲôղŵķΧ̫ˣڷ˲Ӧϼ
ƣߵر¶ȨŮǡ
ոôˣ˻ûüңԵع𴽽ǣΪոջʲôǵ𣿡
ͣһģĽϣԭأǰļ䡰ʦһػصԺУһδεرһδεڷİйƽ
ȥĽϣʶغ˰벽˵ʲôʱһˡ
һţǰ벽˺ǵֲ
ᡣ
Ľϣֺ˼׼ֱֱŷźϼ䣬ĳʦ𡣡
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ܹԡ۾ذḧǰ˺ݣģȴģʦúý̵㡣
ĳֳı򿪵ĶĽϣͻȻЩִ٣ǻָʦͽݣͷô¡
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ϲ޷ϵϲԷľٶܹöĺǵ֪ΪеС
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ĽϣðȻʹǵüʦͺãջָãá
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ǲζţʦҪȥ޲ˡĽϣҧſǻڵ⣬аοĻ뻤ϣһҲܰæ٣ʦһ˳еС


70 
ڵĵطִﻤϣĽϣеٶȣԼĪҪʱ
ӵǰˣŮ˵ļϣܵĽϣĵ¶Էֱۣġ
˼棬Ҫ޲𣿡ĽϣԴӸ߿¿µķ羰ͽΪССĵ㣬޷ֱ棬ڣ޷ֱʲôһ
岻ģǿĻʱͲ޲ʵʵ˵
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ΪԽϣ˪Ϊˣߵݶôأô
֪鲻䣬Ľϣֽ˽ӼǰһĽϣĺ󾱣Ĳϸ΢顣
εĵ˳ż׵һ·ңĽϣְסǰֱۣתͷվ
Ӷ߻Хķ紵˵ĳī䣬мƷ˿֯һ»
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ϴʱɫصϡڻļֵطѾѺۣбĵطѾ͸ؿķ羰
ʱλñ⴦֮ءغɫͫУӳһλòڵŮӵӰ
ʱ󣬽ԽڵӾض͸ˣڵʱгļơ
ʱ࣬þòϳ־ҲһϸָϣԴΪģһȦȦɢˮƵ
˵Ů˴ߺĻȣ޵ϴŵĻͿϧŽ䱸ԽڵǳǳһЦʱѵüһ棬ܲġ
˪Ȼջ֣ǺѰŮԽڵѰκĿǰԾδһԵʱأ
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пɡء
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71 
ڿ˲䣬ϸ΢仯ָ
ʦ㡣ʧŵشԭءУڰǰǳսȥʦ㣬վ˲Զ
ˮܿƵӿһڶͬǰʧ̬첽֮ȥ
ĽϣûӦҪʱֻһĨɫ°ڴл䡣
⡣ʱ൥סˣȵ̿ţ¡
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۶߿ģ
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֪˪˶⣬Խڵ˵жҪ
ķӦȻ˪⣬Ĵһֱûȥĳ߱һмŵ°ϡ
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ĽϣһߵԶͤ£ϸָʯϣָ£ɳɳĸоͷһ紵ɳʯϡ
Ľϣ˻ᣬɾ
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ʦ𡣡Ľϣ૳
ʦʹӦ˪ҪƾŶŮ˵˽⣬˲²⡣
յʱ䣬ЩʲôĽϣ֪
¶Ⱥʱһ㣬¶ȡǰһνʱĴѩԶͣ˼С
Ľϣ̧ͷҪȥڵĻָڶȻгһĨϤ׽Ӱ
ԴϪϵİʯţߵĽϣǰüۻ͵΢΢֡
Ľϣգ۾ִ̧ȥ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣỽôʱġ
ոաסĽϣ֣ŶԷھֱˡŵ𣿡
ܾϲĽϣ䴽
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һһ𣬷ΧǢ
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Ҫȥķ𣿡ѯĽϣ
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תһߵվƫǰƫͷĽϣȴԷƿš
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ʷڳĽʲôµĴ𰸡
ϣ̾Ż˵ļĹӰ
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Ľϣۣ²ǰ㣬ʦѾ˾Ҫȥ𣿡
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黯Ľϣüۣ͸ıĿԼ䣬˲ʧ񣬵ܿ죬ߣЦ
Ľϣ۽ǡ
ԽԽŨĽϣӻ֣ɢȥǰ˵ֱϣȵģˡ
迪ĽϣСص˱˫űѣʦС̡
סײͷ浹ӳ٣Ⱦɲˮɫ
Ľϣֵ˱Լŷǰһ̧ûһŸ߶ȺʵС
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ҴǰٿһأЩΣɽµ־ͲϣôĦű
Ľϣó׵ĺԺϡ֮˵Խɽµζܺá
ðĽϣŲ豭ĲϣһƬʪ֮Уһչ˺ʦ𣬵ȽժµһŹʵʦ𳢡
˼ƽνǶĻع
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ġĽϣָҵѪҺӳ֣ȣò˶þܽʦԵ
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á
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ʦһ𡣡Ľϣſ˵Ĳ豭˵˼ѹĵ׵Ļ
÷յ˺ˣͬһ𣬼ʹǺǿǾżʦôӦÿ԰æġ
ٲãлΪĻ뻤ϵĻ
СҲؾָܾƹأմȾЩʪ󣬵ĽϣϣʩʩȻЦˣӦʦ𣬻տġ
ʳԣʦҲʳ㡣ָڸΪĴϣ˼֣ͳɤϣȥŹϣ򿪡
Ľϣ飬˳ӵİշķԸĴŹϣ򿪽硣
ǳɫĹνĽ̽顣
ʦ𡣡ĽϣصƫеŮѾ֮ǰŵĵƿպã֧°ͣݶ
ָ֣
Ľϣģһ߹ȥ°ʹڷġ
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ĽϣմȾҺ壬ɵˡ
ֱ֧ۣ˴ǰͷ֣ʣ𣿡
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ӵҡֹġ
Ҹ֪Ĵڡ


72 
ദĽϣԷ˵壬˾Ӧͬ£ɴĴڣƫƫһһЦƲۡ
¹ⲻڸʱ׾ٵס¹⣬ģ飬սš
Ĵս΢ţڴϵָҧסǰķǰ.⣬Ľϣصײǻһδε
ˮ˸ǵ㣬Ľϣ޷Կصһ˫֧ڷϥϣƶϡ
ü续һ˲˲زֱϵˣ䴽ǳЦôˡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣˮؿŷϲľӣҡ
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øɾˮգճǰϣǳǳɫͫвõ顣
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ֪һ˳żϣ£ͣƬ̺ѹϵָȦǽڴЩ
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ȵ̧Ľϣ̧ͷɫķɫʹβǵԽԣǱ۸Сް㣬ʪġ
ָͣ󶯣ժϷ̺졣
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Ĩ̺챻һͬ
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ͤһ͸ʱഫһʱ䣬Ҳõˡ
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һգƽ࣬ظŹһУͤȲ;ڿյǰ裬ȥ鷿Ľϣֽ֣д˵֡
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ʦ𡣡Ľϣæվ
˹ؿס¶Ĳ᣺Ӧʦ𣬻ʦġ


73 
ϴͨͨɢ˼ȵĺҹĽϣһ⣬һϮǳɫŮˣĳ۶۵ۡ
֮ǰⶣɳʲô⡣ԣ޷ͷվ
ⵥִϣγһֹǰȥ
һȺѹסˣԽڵĵӿס
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תͷȥסüеһ˿Ц⣬Įؿ򻤽ȻֵСӣԼǰݾ˪
Ҫ޲ϵǰǣܰȻ˪гʱඣ
зִ硣ҸǼŷֽպã̺ҵıԴһԴϢ
ͬĽ棬޷ֶֻͨΡŴķֽעıԴԴ͸ϵ
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һۣӰԽ߶ޱȡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣһ
ԵĵӰźúʱ۲Ľϣ飬Ÿ˵ʲôοɵĿٶȿȥʱŮϵıʹ֪ʱڸǡ
ƺĿ⣬Ů̧ͷŵ糺β¡
Ľϣһξ롣
ڻ𣿡Ľϣʡ
ʱ£Ӧǡ
áĽϣ΢΢ףٻԪԽڵķС
ô͵𣿡ʱͬʱܾʲôԵĵط
ƾĽϣ˽⣬Էȥôôá
ĽϣϵԷǰķȷԽڡ
ĽϣȷôХķղɢҵķ˿ۿδˮɡ
˫ȭԺѭķӳͷյĵεΣŮ˵ʱڴС
ĵؽ磬Ԫ½԰һԾ¡
ԪΪһĨ⣬Ľϣ麣С
ǰʯűϣûյ趯ĵ
ֻҪʦͻĽϣ첽ܹȥΪĵƬ
׼ʹѪҺɳ뵽ĻĽϣͣס˸󣬹ѪĶ
԰ʹַʽĽϣع𴽽ǣԱߣŹ¼ŵϢʹͷ
ϸûڴݼ䡣

磬Ȼ񲻶ϵǣӰ¹ҫ£
Ͻůܹ÷פ͡
ͬһɸ˵ĸоȴͬ
֪䣬ߵһƻֺĹǰƵĵŽ˳еޱС
˪߳λƿȻûںڰС
봹ӽʶӶȥѰһΪε뿪·ߡ
뻤̫ˣ˪бĿġ
˪Цӯӯػǳɫͫݣи̾л֣ʲô

ʲôֱ֪ұá˪ˮĮʶ̽飬װ׺ķ
ž޲̧
δôӴˣֻ̽һ𣿡˪ڸߴĵϣüйʧ䣬ǳǳؽ鷢
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ƺϰ߷䵭˪ԹԵع𴽽ǣ̾Ϣһˣ˵زǴתվȥĿĵأ׷ˡ
ңԶʣǵصܻջأÿ
˪ⰵֹס˵ĲӣġΡ
ķԺ˪˵ؽ˽ૣˣ
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ô¡˪ЦٶȴֻЦ˿۵ף޶⣬ôˡ
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˪ԣ˵زǴתվ̤빬ţһˣһŨľ޴ɫš
˪ڹڵ㶯£۾ȷ÷λתԽһ仰δ˵ˣ֪ջص׼Щˮ
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а˼롣
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һʾʯɵӰڷһƬѵĵ·룬࣬еĻؿš
˪£֧°ͣվŵϣеľصƬ̵Ļ㱡
ǰҲ㿴ŷ㣬š
ΨͬģǷ񣬲ÿ¡
Сɵľƺģ˪ֵ̧һƵһߡ
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˪ͣƱٴεݸ˵ĹѺܷ߷һЩˣΪá
˵˸Сͽܣպһͬǰˣ˪ʡ
ܿλͽܰɡ˪ŷ۾˵ҶҲغܡ


74 
ˮڼȵҹɫи⶯ζžƱ峺Һ壬˪иŵصͷǳЦת۲кżֲײĳ
ָеľƱ̧ͷһݵǰûջأִصȴǱҺ塣
µӳڱУ˪Ļζֲ
˪ἰĽϣʱͫԾһ˿ɱ⣬ƳĿ˪ݹľƱϡ
Ľˡ΢ľ˪ૡ
ͷʶʱϽϵ㽣ţҲΪ˷ǵġ˴ǲ͸ϣϽ졣
ʱ׵ķδȫԽڵְλʱһΣһԶżС
ʿۣǰ˭˭ݣۣ˵Σᱦʧ˵ʱ
˪һ˪ҵһƿƷʵҩʱ򣬱һȺ˰Χ롣
ʹԵһλСŮȺǺ˪ȥ
Ŀбӵһ֮࣬ΣҲֶܡ
ƾŸǿʵͰı˪һδδΧˣǿ˰Χˡ
ɵ˻ϵʱѱͬλ̳ͬɱ˶뷨
ʱ˪ͬ˲οݸ߹ôҲϲȺƽϹϾˣͻȻɱ֡
Ľһӵʱ˪ŷԾɶԿʱѾķ˴ʵϾ˼ǰŵͬˡ
ǾȻ·ϡ˪۵ŲһȺˡ
Ϊ׵Цһ˪鵤ʱұΧҵȸϵ֮ʱΪʱӡ
£Σ᲻šЦһŷĵУĵӳ̰ݣʱ鵤ǵģҲǡ
˪ĵ׷֧ǿ׳򶨵Ⱥ̸УҪ鵤ǱǡҴǵģ˫ǡ
ŴԣжҡţȴΪ׵ҡͷܾ˪꣬Ȼ֪˪رӣ˵Цˣ֪Ͷ˴µ㣬ôܷŹǡ
˵գʾΧж
ڶγֱڴʱ˪ǰ
ºڽȺӡ˪Լ󣬷ŽҪʱ֪Ӧ˽ס
ΪʲôҪҡ˪ʡ
һʼΧʱδ֣ʱˣϳ˷ԽڵķΣ˪ڻǷλ̳кѡʹùơ
ñ߰ˡСС˱űԼһĳһ˵仰
˪ģЦˣŭɢûеŷ洦ȺߣŵСļһѡĿռУ׼պĥ
˵뿪ˣ˪Ū˼ȥһ鵤Էؾܾ
˪ԷԽ棬ŷżߣȿıһŲ֣Ҳʡ
ٺż˪ͷѣǷǿһۣתĮȻ뿪
ٺһദһʱԷҲ˽һ֪ڵĮ󣬱㲻ǿ˴ԹԵ˵š
һδġżҲų˪ĸ棬ʱһ
Уꡣʱ˺Ͻ˹ϵõĺܶ࣬ΪµҲܶࡣ
֪ʲôʱʼ˪ԼԷ˲һ˼ͷ޼Ĺϵ
õദ¶ʵ뷨
ȥʱɬķüѾԿ̽ȻĻɢ˪롣
Ҳϲˣ಻˽Ϊ¡
˪ʧ֮࣬ңҲã˭ܵõ
ڻϴٵķһͬŮʱ۵ĹУδġ
˸˱ǷյСͽܣǰ׼ˡ
˪ǹŷĽ飬ֵҺһ𣿡
ǳɫ̧𣬷ӹǱƣڣ̽顣
ھˮмӵʲô𣿡˪ʩʩȻһЦʯϣΪԼµһƣţ̧𣬡οԣ
𣿡ĵһ仰ֱֱش˪ѡ
¡
˿ھˮȷǰǰΪϲģڴ㣬ݼŵľζ
ǰ뿪Ͻʱ㣬ǷϽ磬ʱλشģʡ
ǰΪ޼ɵؼѹϽռ䣬ѡпƵؽɽ壬ȴ룬˼Ϊģ˫ѺõĹϵ
˪Ϊ쵼ˣΪ˱֤ȫȻͣϽˡʱ˪ǷϽ硣
ʱ˪ĵ˵ᡣ
ɲһ꣬ģ֣ͷ֮ˣȻ˪
ҲΪ뿪ʱֽţԽȡ
˪סȻһЦָĦž·ľƱָƶУҵȷʳˡ
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е£ֻһͣܵõԭ¡
ٶ뵽ĽϣķᣬۡĽϣҲԭ£ڣϣԸٸһλᡣ
𲻺ڵ㣬ֻڣʶ˲塣ھƱ߲
˪ӽӲ֮ǰ¶ǵǱˮĻǳǳӿϣͻȻķȰǰģҪĮ
ֹڡ
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ˮһ¶ǣˡ˪ЦЦƱ¶汻ºͲľƱҲʳˣ𣿡
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Һʱʶʶ˿ǧ꣬ǧꡣôõʱ䣬ûһ̣йһ˿˿İ֮𣿡˪ʡ
ޡԼֽ࣬˪µͬʱӹ
ǣ˪Ц𣿡վƹʯŷȥ
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ֻҪ룬˪ŹƻشսҶԸ㡣
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㣬ôȡ˵ľ롣
˪㱣ŰѱĽٴζ׼
䲻䣬˵㡣˪ƺָǣŷղĵطЦȻڴҲõģῴġ
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Ҳ²£λͽܣ˿ӦԽڣΪذɡ˪ʳָסģζأһʦͽġ

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õģҲȥϽһ̤ġ˪ЦЦŷ
˪ҡȷ˪ʵԡ
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һټĹרעҩĳƣϪǰʯԵ磬ʱʱ̹̿עơ
ΣԼѪҺȣȴζͷʹκֶΣֻܼϣϤչˣ
˭֪һܹɽҪʱ䣬еҪʮʱ䡣
ĽϣͤʯϣʯϵǺˮ֪ǵڼˣȻ¼ȣٶȱ
ŵģһգͷʱԷµǿӡӨɫӽֳеĸӹǸв԰ס
͹ͻͻš
⼸գʱæԼ̸ͻصߣ֪ͨǽȥͬʱӴԻϵ
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ÿʱĽϣʱ߶ʲôûһкдʱܿĽϣӡ
һǰʱ̾Ϣһ̤ţսû߼㿴ڰʯűߣĽϣ
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ŲĽϣϰΪػعͷʱ׶س´ǣ
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ÿҹĽϣ۾ұϣһϣǴĿĺ졣
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ͬʱ麣ڵĻȻܿƵؿʼ˳֫ٺÿһߡλ麣ڵĻԪǸ֪ʲôŻζ
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Ľϣʧɫ
ԺУֳһããĻ棬ƬʲôҲĻУϸ΢ζ
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Īʦˡ
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ҪȥѰʱ֪࣬¡ɻûüһ룬ӦڵĻӣס϶ȥ


75 
ĽĽϣƬ֮Ȼɵǹ⣬ĽϣС
춯ڴʱ࣬ڳŮ˵λΪһ⣬Ľϣ
ʱΣϲĽϣٶȣգ۾ʧˣĽϣ
ôͻȻĽϣʵ˽ģȫܱٶȻҪ졣
ʱఴ»ҵģΨһȷǣĽϣǰĵطǻϴƾĽϣȫܴÿϡ
ԷЩ
ɵһڻϴʱ򣬲δĽϣӰ
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δԽڵӵֻǡֹ
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ֻǸղһĹŴ˻ϡҲȷǷ񿴴ӳɵ
ǹŵٶ̫ˣ쵽ֻһӰʧȷǷۻˡʱˣ˵ˡ
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ȶԣʱ첽ߵϴưϷзˡ
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ֻǣĽϣΪλͻȻǰ磬Ī˪ʹʲôֶΣĽϣȥ
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Ȼô֪Ľϣǰ֮£ĪǷĽϣȥģ
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ѹŲӿɱ⣺ʲô
գ˪˵˼ΪҪһ㣬˼δ뵽ټϣʱգ˪δʲôֻ֮ܽ˪֮ԡ
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šʧأᡰšůӦʦڡ
ʦ𡣡ĽϣٶȻִ̧üָۣⴥ΢ļȷһеʵʦ𡭡
ظϡ
һӦš
Զ˪ɫ˭㲻СԴѾˣλСͽܣȻûôõġ
βŵ
Ľϣʱע⵽ΧĻδԽڵĵؽ磬ѭԴȥһۣϳ˸ղ˵˪
ǰļӿ֣˴˵ء
ֱۣסĽϣƣʮָռ䣬Ȼ˾ʱеĴ޲ϣӦ
Ľϣĵмӿ޲ϵĽȣˣ˪˵Ľϣ
˪ԣһֱȥûȫİܹĽϣȻͳȥ
ĵӿһƬվǽĽϣǣˡ
Ľϣס֣ƫͷŮ˾ĲգǳĻȡ
˪ʦںһ˵֡
˪ӿɫעˣĽϣһĨЦЦݣ𣿡
ʲôĽϣһ
ˡĴָԵסĽϣֱŵֻĽϣʦȥ
Ϊߣ˪ȻҲûдֱ˵Ļ
ߵЦסһ˲˲ضŷ
Ѿ˵ˣɱ㡣ǳɫͫתŵɫԽһʵЦϸָ̧һɢźĳ
˪˪ҲܷŹĽϣ
˼ƽϣָսֱֱ̧𣺡ԽȺϣƵģҪǣ
ޱع˵ǰµö㣬ңԶľ룬ȷλ
Ľϣٻ˻Ԫͷվӿ׸ߵĿпٻһ󷨣԰ֵѹ
˪ǻŷûơ
ɫӿһʱ䣬ڰ˷׷ӿ֣ŷĽϣΧȥ
ԭƻȷֱɱСͽܣϽҲûǣҵˣҲɰ硣˪֣ʾˣǰºңҲٺһ㣬ֻҪߡ
Ҳ㣬ҲɱλСͽܡ˪ŽսˣźĳÿλӶܴ𶯣һЭҡ
ĽϣָϣţߴˣĽңڶ࣬ǳսϿǡ
Ľϣֹͣ๹һ󷨣ܶ໺һַѹ
ֱ۽ľǰԾ࣬Ľϣģصײš
ϣսҵ֡麣ڴķ
ĽϣԼµʲôɫصͷ
һ룬һż󷨴й󣬷Ҳһż󷨡
һһ̳ĽУ볯˷ȥ
תķȥ޷ʹתվȥֻƾξ롣
˪ɫɨ󣬵һ֣׷ǣ¼ƽ󷨣ʣµˣһͬתվȥϴš
ǡˡ
ͽܣӲġ˪Σյ־ڱصõسһȥ
׷ϵ̫ټ֮ƣһʱ޷Ⱥ˦ûи֪˪Ϣ֪Էڻϴ
ͻͻ麣ڵϱתͷĽϣ
ŮҲڿ
𣿡ʡ
£ʦһ𡣡Ľϣ
ЦЦеı״ɵصȻ͵ϴˣʱӦǵء
Ľϣϣš
סɫĽϣ˵ʱϢĴĿռȡöҩһԵУǿнθߡ
޴Ĵ̼麣ҵʹĴײѰһйڡ
ǰ˪˵ڻǰһˣʱŵԽڵӡ
޷ϣֻؿŷĽϣ˪˰Χ
ɡ˪ɨǳɫϽĺɫͣ֡
ĽϣɤӣͣĲӣŷ첲һƬʺ졣
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ۵ü
ް
ʹʱڰĽϣ£ʦ⡣
ܵ˺ˡ
³һȴҩ׷Чٶǿаθһ˲
ֱָ˪ţʶЩ㱣ĽϣԽע볤УĽϣʦȥ
Ľϣһ䡰أһȥ𣿡
Ѿˣϯǿһ£һ˲䣬ʧɫ
ϾҲһ˵ԽڵӶ֪һв
ʱᵽɤۣͫԲ˲ʶʲô
˵رۡ
ĽϣֱֻһۣЮһ˿˳˽յִݵֱϡ
ں麣ʹԣֻƾŸоһδεػӶ󷨣ڻǰ˱ˡ
ȾѪճѪҺ˳Žµ䣬üȾϼѪҺ˼ޡ
ǳɫ֪ʲôʱȾ˺ɫһˮԷţŲȫɢ䡣
鷢ҺϣɫƽشĽϣһؿϡ
ԽڵӾۼϴʹһĻ
ʱҧ侲׼õȻϷ
һնɱΧˣв˪ıӻˡ
ϵˣ˪̧ͷ̳еķĽϣƷɣ顣
ҩҩЧڷӣ麣ʼջųѹ¿еζص˪Ĺ
ĽϣڵĻ룬Ƴ󷨵ȼ𽥼Сһʼľż󷨣İ˼󷨣ٵڵ߼󷨡
ʦ𡣡Ľϣ
ڡػӦ
Ľϣˣ󷨣ûע⵽Ĳ
ϣҪⷽ޲ЧŻáое󷨣ʦղŻѡ硣
֪ģʦ𡣡Ľϣ֪Щʦһͬ޲
ԭȻ޷ʦǡ
ϣʦһֱܺ׼ڡɳƣһߵֵϵ˺һߵΪң̫˺ʦĺܶԲ㡣
ʦ𡣡ĽϣʶԣҡͷѲˣǳȥ˵
ѪȾĺ촽ԹԵؿڣʦڸ϶̫ˣкܶܶ໰˵
ʦ𡣡Ľϣֹ˵˵ˣǻȥģǿ쵽ˡ
ϣԲ𡣡ﲼѪ˿һرĽϣǸĶԲûܸ㰲ȵ
һöҩ˪ֺĽϣãȻĿУһż󷨵󣬶ݵ徲
·źȾѪĳƵڻϣڵĻȫȻԷΪý飬ע뻤С
ĽϣŵڵĻڻϡɳϵģƾȻֱӴϣִһˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬һֱѹ麣ԵıӿסĽϣͬԴֺ֮ࡣ
󱳱£Ľϣվȵͬʱһ˵ʱסһĽϣǰ
⡣ĽϣϴֵתҪٶȴϡ
صϽʱȫˣʹ뻤ȫϣҲ޷ȥ
Уͷüڻϣǰ绹δ


76 
ϱ۵Ĺâյʵ͸ȫռָ롣
ĽϣĹעЩͻǰأִһߡۿеỨܿƵ˳£򦴦ڻܵһʱ׹£ڻߵĵһỨ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣǵ૲ֹ𽥷Ŵֱĳʱ˻ʦ𡭡
ϣһֻ£Եġ
ģ˵̧ƾϳˣץסһݣĽϣеسסʱĸ첲ָһߣ󣺡Ⱦʦ㣬Ⱦʦ𡭡
ʱɬرۣ޷ӦĽϣ
ԽڵӴ˿ʹѣǰȴ޷ֻһеķ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣòششǰ͸
ϽĶ˿ȴΪ谭ϰ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣϵغš
ֳųǿ֧סӡǴѪд̳ģûһɾ֮
Żϣ´ǣǰ޳˵Ľϣϣޡ
ȥĽϣֻܸݷĿͲ²Է˵ʲôҵĨˮſǻ𣺡ʦ𡣡
󷨱ϵĹţĵ㿪ʼһƳɢʱҪļ
ڵĻϵ޸ʣ޼麣ڿյһ˿ţ޸߲Ʋ
£ûµġһųתΪǿдʱ࣬סϣ۾ܲ˵ġ
ʱɫأ۽ڵصĽϣס΢΢Ҫ
Ľϣ˿δͫѪ˿
ɫ˳£ӿĽϣУʱĽϣӾڵĻͣڷӵǿ̡
һԴгʱһ㡣ԣûѡĽϣŪΣǿ뿪
ĽϣǷϣһӵǶԷ
ʱఴ¿ڷġ
ż˪ǿһ飬һ߱ΪǵޱߵĺڰС
һϮѪɫִųĮȻվǰ˪
ǵ͹ˡ˪ʱ飬һسŵȥһʼͲù顣
˪ҧҧڻɨ̧֣һɫײȥ
΢ζ˿һ֡
ϵ޸ˡ
˪ϳݣʹһӣŷȥ
Ǳˣ̣ûסУɽһĳǰ
˪̧סЦݹܣҪߵһҪַ㡣οԼܣϣܻҵķ
˪ѪˮɤӺŨصɳƣˣ˵ɱ㡣
ǿָЩֱͦǳɫͫУƽͬһ̲ˮ˺Լ˵ʱȵ˭ΪǸ߸ϣµԽϡ
ѹ𳤽
ҩеһ˿ҩЧӿ䣬֮ģ麣ӱԵʼһѣ˺ѹǵʹвˡ
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˪ЦҪѾ;ƿݵˣɱ
ּ䣬ŵ˳ŷΧһɫֻ˪һṥ
ҧ⣬֪ǻڳӯѪζǿнҵʶѣգ˫Ŀǰľ
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ΧȦѹ
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ΪʦԲѡ񵥴Ľʽ󷨺ͷֽ
䡣ʳָָ£³֡
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ѹ˲ЩŲòֳֿͬЩ󷨵˪ڴϢţӳͬʱ˻Ϊһ⣬һС
Ϊٿ󷨷Ϊǿ
˪˫ֿ趯һδεص󷨴ĹһλλĲҽһֿЩ󷨡
룬ѪҺԴӸΪǿ
˪ڵķָ°˲䣬е󷨶ݵֹͣת漴ǸΪٵת
ڷĴ͵س˪ײȥ
ĳʱ̣һʼӳĳٶȹڷС
顣󷨺˪ͷŵײһ𣬷ҵײ
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âţһӳյİããġ
ʱĿѣǰ벽ͣɤۡ
ҪˡʱָǶģ˿ûзӦ
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һˣ˪ɴ۾˼صͷؿڴһᴩ塣
ս֮ˣǷ
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ָǼ뼸֣ü۽˪Ѫ㲻份
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ͷۻת󷨣ȻһЦųתԽˣŻ϶ȥ
ϸָϣЦݣüۼıѩڻɫϸϣ
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Ľϣǰ˲䷢䶯
һƬѪУţǳЦȻעĽϣ
ʦ𡣡ǳ˵ع飬ĽϣĴ򻤽ϣʦ𡭡
ʱ֣ǰ𾪵Խڵӣ뱾һͬΪϿһͨϽ֮·
麣ڿյģȻûһ˿ڻ޲ģں˷
ˣֻ뻤ϽϵϽδӱɡҲˣҪǿȵʱһ޷
Ľϣ״æִϡ
ʶֿʼģƾ־ӲѣϽϵ
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ʦ𡣡Ľϣۿʪ̣־Ҫȥ
ɲǰһ˿ѹȥˣسȥţʶΪޡ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣȥס»ӣڻС
Ľϣ̫صˣ̻صԽơʱضĽϣڻĵʱ򣬲ܵʱ䡣
⣬õĵ֪ͨ𣿡ʱ͵סĽϣ˳Խڶȥ
ѾȺ⡣ʱ󷵻ء
ϴԽڵһͬڣڣ˵ˡ
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ڣݲҰ׵ƽڣΧһȦõĵӡ
Ľϣ˫ֽһ񾭽ţԺǷѪ˺۵ӡ
ȥտȴʱס
ٵȵȡʱɳɤҪҵõơ
ҵѪҺһʦãԡĽϣе
ѪҺ޸ӵмǿһΪЩʲôŵȴʲô֪
ǹѪɫֲ̫ˣ۶Ҷգ
ҪѪҺʱ򣬵õ˻֪ʱٵȵȣµġ
ԣʦ𲻻£ʦôôܳ¡Ľϣظ
ʱۣۿɬۡ
Ľϣ֪ȴ֪µǼöҩѾǿеж˺
麣Ѿˣǡȥֻܼϣڣһвķչ
ű򿪣һõĵӳ߳
ôˣĽϣæʡ
̫أֹסˣ˻ھΪֹ֮ۡõĵӶĽϣ˵󣬶ʱҪݣΪһ˿
ʱԣ̴Ŀռȡеݣ𣿡
ʮУӵںǲұ֤պǷΪ١
һ仰λû˵ʱܲµԷ˼סģǾΪ
ǣ˵꣬ٶȽ롣
Ľϣ˳ŵŹرǰһ϶ȥΨһĨѪɫ
޷Ƶ
ĽϣͻȻԼûã޷ΪֵʲôؿŶԷˣԲѣֻվڵ⣬żʲôҲˡ
ʱһһĹȥ½治ϣſϺϣһλλõĵӽֻţԱߵ״̬Ϊơ
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ĽϣڵϣãȻ̧ͷЩˡ
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Ľϣŵؿӡ
Ļǻɡ˵ڡ
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ϣ޷ӼĽϣɫԣ˾䣬½⣬ϻλָڣ
ʱ򴽣úš
ܽȥ𣿡Ľϣߡ
ԡӵͷ
õ϶Ĵ𸴣Ľϣָڵϣǲҽȥˣ¼󣬻ŵϢ
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ģģûġ
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ȵ߽ΪĿǰˣɺԵ޲۾ӿȵҺ壬£ڷĴߡ
ϵüĿƽͣپ£Ǿ߼˰㣬ڴϡ
ϵѪѱŮŵǳɫ
ĽϣָСشڴߵֱ῿ȥͬḧ㣬ۣ૵ػʦ𡣡
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ʦģ𣿡Ľϣʣʧҵġ
ʦòãҲˡĽϣૣʲôġ
̵ˮ˳գڷֱϡ
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ָֻ˹Ľϣڷߣ˵Щʱշ顣
ʦ֪ʦΪʦ̫ݣֱӺ˵ҪʦתͷҲ˵ҪĽϣ
ʦ˵ˣʦ󡣼ƷˣԸ˷񡣡Ľϣ𵭵Ļȡ
ʦ㣬ʱգʦȥĽϣü۵ʹʦ㱻Ѻ꣬Ѿˡ
ʦôˣʲôʱѡĽϣŷ֣ȥѵˮһǡ
ʦʱգÿ춼иǰ罽ˮĽϣ˹ȥ糤Ƽã֪ǲΪԵʣҪɽµҪõöࡣ
ʦ𣬵ʱɾͲ˯ˡĽϣַ£ϰߣȡһѪҺιС
ڷ˯ѵЩʱУĽϣÿնݵõӵָʾιһѪҺʹܹ޸
ոһգ긴һ꣬ѭ
һգĽϣշ߷ŮϸָڴɫԽŨء
ʦѾˣܽˡĽϣϲõڿպϵ˫ʱǱСް㣬˲Ů˵ģʦ㶼˯ˣܸ˯ˡ
ģ𣿡Ľϣʡ
վĽϣǰ̽Щ΢΢ڷϿһǣ֪ԷԼҪȥʲôʦҪȥ곤ɵˮˡ
ϽĽϣĬ
վԭأŷĽϣ۽䣺һ
תĵţӭŴõ⣬һԵˮϪҨ˰ˮؽ
ƳԶĽϣǰߵСӣЩҩˮ
ЩĽϣ֣صڣŻԲѵˡ
ʱ仯ϡ
գĽϣڸˮ֪ôģԤԽǿңϾҪˡ
ż飬ӣůѴûзӦˣʦ⼸գҪˡ
ûзӦ
ĽϣεЦЦ֣Ҫ˵ʲô麣ͻȻʱĴ
ĽϣԽ⣬˵Ҫ˵ʱࡣ
ԽĽϣ˶Դ뿪ó׵޺Խйϵ֪ν¡ó׵չˣĽϣòȥ
ʦҺܿͻĽϣ뿪ǰ
վǰ۴ϵˣûж
ںϣһƬžУʶڻع顣
ĽϣԽ߹ˡ
ԽĽϣòػֱ⣬˵ң
ôһֱչ˼ҽ㣬δԽڱлԽӿռͳ󷨹żżԸ֣ص㣬һֱûʱ䣬ˡ
ĽϣɨԽеĶҡͷܾ
Խ״Ҳûٶ˵ҪĿľǸлԽھȳ㡣
˵˼䳡滰ĿԽ뿪Ľϣת
˶ˣΨʦ𣬲֪ʲôʱѡ
Ľϣ̤ǰϰԵسķȥ
ȴ룬УȻײһĨϤӰ̧֣ժʲô


77 
˯мĳĽϣԭأ˲併Ծٶȡ
ȱԭأĽϣҶһⲻһӰһɢˡָݲźϣʦ𡣡
Уǳɫ°Ů˵ֶ̧ӯػ䣬¶һСϸ۵Ų̬İסƺ̫ժȡŮ΢΢ǰЩһַֻסԱߵ֦⡣
ҶζҡҷġɳɳŮժҪĶָסת
ϣƼڴǰʱŮü𵭵Ļȡ̧еĶϪˮʦûʳԡ
ԶʧĽϣͷЦأϣ
ʦ𡣡Ľϣૣˮ̼ۿ̰£ƵسŷܹȥֱֱԷĻУʦ𡣡
֪ŷϤ㣬ز˲䣬ֱۻסŮˣˮ͸˷ǰɫ
ϣصͷָĦеöͷĽϣķůظޡ
ĽϣһʱỺ飬ڷб࣬ȷǰ޺شůĻѳ
޵۾ˡ̾Ϣָǰ˵ʦڵʱ򣬱۸𣿡
ĽϣʣſǻĵӶ϶һĻ˻󣬲ûС
ǿʲôĶŪ
Ľϣ죬
ǳЦеõĽϣǰˡ
Ľϣְ̧Ϸʱû
ôĹ򣬹ʵͳˡ
͹ĽϣʶԾĵط΢΢ͷһ˲˲ǰ֮Ůˡ
ͷںڵķ˿شŮ˾µǰ赹ʱһ㣬κ֮ġϵĲ԰׺Ů˾ֹ˵ʱ͸У˼ʵ֮С
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Ľϣ£ѵϲת˲ʧеŶԷ߳ǣʦѣ֪ͨõʦǹ㿴һ֪ͨˡ
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ڣĽϣҪʱʱȴס
ʦ𣿡Ľϣء
֪ͨǡ
ӣԼôˡ֪麣ڿյֻһ˿ϸ΢ζƽڵϣȻĽϣ㲻Ⱥʦ˵˵𣿡
롣Ľϣ֣صҲ˵ʦơʦѣǷʧЩδ֪õõʦǿҲŷġ
Ľϣ˵棬һᣬſͷĽ顣
Ľϣһõˣٴʱࡣ
ʱʱ͵õ˱㶼ˡ
Ľϣŵעŵõ˸̽ӣͬڵһΣֻվڵȴֽѾڷߣʱȡõ̽
ϣһõĵ̽Ӻ󣬳ϵĻָܺãֻ˻
ӿͣסˣӹԶĽϣʱࣺ麣֮൱ǿպܳһʱ䶼޷ʹˡ
˵ί񣬿ʱȻ׶Է֮⣬šԣ˸ε
ϵ⣬֮ҩʹãʣģҪʱˡӵ
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ǡõڵӡ
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ĽϣʱƬ̵ƽ
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лҪͬ˵ʱ˵ֱס
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ĽϣҧŴסֱֱµĻңٽűȾֽҪӲӿĸоָסëʣһʡ
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Ȼ󡭡ȥϴϴ


78 
鷿Ļƺ󣬽ĺܳһʱ䣬ĽϣԽ鷿ֿ鶼ЩӰ֮ǰԣûϴǰ鷿¡
ֱḲǣĽϣעϵֽ󣬷ƽ͵֣ü۵ʹּѾܺˣôҪ
ĽϣҪģӱչ״̬гڵûĽϣһ˼׶ԷӦ鷿ֿ顣
ʦþûˣ¡Ľϣ˵죬˳յĵطڣ̽塣
ԷѾȥˣЩʱĽϣ½ͨ麣Ѿеɫ麣ܴ֧࣬ļ󷨵Ĺ
ʦ˵ҵ츳ãʦ̶¾Իļ󷨵ĵزĽϣô˵ɻĸƲסġ
ʦҪָźá
ʷת°ͲĽϣŵļϣֻ麣µΪɢ麣޸ΪȻҲ
ֻǰڻȽϼ򵥣ļ󷨺ķѲ˶ļԺǷˮ롣Ҫ麣ȫãûʮʱ䣬Դɡ
οʵԭ˾þ޷ָʱʹʹɫһֱãԲ̬
ĽϣԼѪҺιҲúת١
ʦ𣬵麣ɣܺ𣿡Ľϣ̽Ե¡
ƤӦðɡ
Ľϣҧ´޶鷿ȥ󣬷ϴһʱ顣
֪ǲ̫ķôģӻζ˼ΣĽϣۼֿ콫˷ס¾ҪһͷˮС
ʱʷԷ˵ͷͻȻЩ裬ûվȣõġ
ôܲģǺĽϣһϢԼʰɾ̽һȦӺ󣬲ǿ
ˡĻĽϣ˼
ĴԾȻֽϣּǷһߵķ
ʲôʱѧʦıʷĽϣдֵֽպãЦеعά
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ŶĽϣ˼صͷ۵֮ɫʣҾҸսʱ־ͺܺÿֻϧʱʦδ˵仰ҶǶʮǰԼּˡ
ƫͷЦЦüңж˼ζƵشּǵȷӦı䡣
ĽϣЦ÷ղŵĻԼķõģʦһ˵ġ
޳ָڵϣָϵŵĶ΢΢£ƽ
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麣ڲϵĴʹ󲿷ʱ䶼΢ģΪʱĴ̹ǵۣ޹ؿԡ
ͬ˿̰㣬Ͳ԰׵ȥһ˿Ѫɫ̧ŵͷ΢΢ʹЩе־סؿڴüĽһ
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סǼ⣺ʦһ轣㿴ɡ
ĿĽϣϣԷԽڴͳŷΣһϮǳɫĽϣʳеԽˮгǵ䣬֮ġ
µĽϣĹǣ棬бЩϣ޵󷨡Լ޷ƶ뿴µӻƵΣ𣿡
Ľϣ£Ƭ̺ԡ
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ĽϣٿЩߴںʵλãһ㽫󷨹ٶȺÿν߰ڷŵλõʱ򣬶ͣ¡
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ʦ𣿡Ľϣͽܺⷽ츳Ҳ

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ڵͳ÷£漴͸˲Ĩȫ
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ȷǽЦ⣬β˽.ˣһʼǣҲǡ
Ľϣ󺰣ŷļȨ
ֱʦգԵУ޷졣


79 
ָֻƽͣǰԶİʯűϵĹʵѱժȡɾڵҩҲµһϡ
Ľϣվʯϵķ˫ִŮϸļϣָǺͬʱʦΣ
пɡӱǰʱպ࣬麣ڵʹҲһЩֻ麣ڴ洢ɲ࣬ǿ֧һ弶󷨵Ļơ
Ľϣ΢΢ӣСԴ۵Ĳ̽б෽Ů˾޵ݡ
˳ŷĶͷŮɴ˫ϵϸָϡ
ڿʲôƽȣʯѹ鼮ָⷭƮƮؽҳһҳķöԸƽ.ġ
Ľϣ˳ǣҡҡͷջ̽ӣ󶯼
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80 һ
㣬ȻͳȥˡĽϣŲԶţ鼤Ųķ
ʮʱ䣬÷麣޲ΪȫָıԴԣԡ
ЦεǰĽϣްܳȥ
Դ˽ΪºĽϣڷӺõĲʱŶԷȥϽɽˮ־߱Ͻÿһء
ƫϴγŵʱĽϣҹŵԣѪŶˡ
ȴϣϢ󣬵ҹλŲõʦãסͻľ֣ôߣӲ˻ڴ󣬾Զڳʱࡣ
ʱѾţڴʶ鲻ԣֹ̧ڴȥʱʱѾյϢ
ĽϣʵرλʦסһؽԼԽڵĵӡ
λʦñŲŵԭĽϣʦ㣬֪ŴҪ𡣡
Ľϣ
ķ˽Ĵ¾̾Ϣϣ̶̼ӵʱ䡣
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ʲôʱģˡ
ʱҧҧҹ͸Խеӷµڹ棺ҹ䲻׼š
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𽥻ɫ۾̧ɬֱָۣ⹴ǰĽϣ°ڣ㣬ҹҹǣõġ
ģĽϣŲɵػع뵽ʲô߷ߵᴷ·ĸ첲ߣ㣬˵ȥģҪҪŪ
ţΪʦĴӦеĺܿ졣
ĽϣҪڵĻ˺УϲµġʦƣЩ꣬ԽԽˣҲʱĮȻ
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һҹʷףָŻȡ
Ľϣʶ֮ʣ뵽ѯʵ仰ŲʦǳԴ𣿡
ܶݵ÷ָٶϣ


81 ͷìԴ
Ĳһ𣿡˪̬ؿϣһˮһ˲˲ڲԶȻԿŮϡ
ܣƽɫ¸𲻻ᰮˡ
ܾ̫ɾ䣬˪ЦһѹֵЩϽô¶ļһ⣬ܾˡ
˵õĽǰڣδᰮϱˡ
˪۶ߵ鷢һұҪصˣûʲô˵𣿡
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˵գݷ˪ֱۣƻرܵأϲ֫Ӵ
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Щ꣬ϽѧණҰԽԽԲע⣬Ͻٲĵؽ硣
ޱأɣ׼Էһ
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Ҳã֮ǰϽ磬һֱͦõġһ˽ӻ

˪ǽ̸ΨһĵΨԽڵע⡣ֻҪԽڷ֣ԸǰȺˣɡ
С㣬ϿһСףǱͬʹڣһӺǱ߸Ĵ𸴡
˪Цݲ䣬á
ưϣɫעϣһͬע롣
΢һһֻͨĿ׶ۿɼĳ֡
˪ĵԲŽеڵһͬȥ
ллĻﻹδ˵ǿ˲佫Χһͬᴩ
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ӳĺÿն˪գ𶨻ɱ㡣
ϣҡҡλεرӻϽ񣬵ȴѰ䳹޲


82  Ľϣͷ
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